title: Experiences with redo aortic valve surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reoperations are an integral part of a cardiac surgeon's practice. We share our experience of 546 reoperations over the last 21 years to January 2000, with the focus directed towards the timing of reoperation, reducing the mortality and morbidity of reoperation and rereplacement aortic valve surgery, and understanding the important risk factors. In addition, the precise technical steps that facilitate careful successful explantation of various devices (allograft, stented and stentless xenografts, and mechanical valves) are detailed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Optimal planned reoperation before deterioration to New York Heart Association Class III/IV levels and before unfavorable cardiac and comorbidity general system failure occurs has produced low mortality and morbidity as compared with first operation results. However, unfavorable delays and late rereferral result in mortality rates of up to 22% for emergency redo AVR for degenerated bioprostheses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac surgical units have the opportunity to establish a closer patient-surgeon relationship, which favors, when necessary, the optimal timing of reoperation. Knowledge of the more important risk factors and adherence to specific technical steps at explantation of various devices enhances satisfactory reoperation outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Brisbane, Australia. Mark_OBrien@health.qld.gov.au
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harrocks
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Garlick
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Barnett
mesh_terms: D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D004869:Equipment Safety; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D009017:Morbidity; D012086:Reoperation / Q000401:mortality; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome