title: High efficiency entrapment of superoxide dismutase into mucoadhesive chitosan-coated liposomes.
abstract: Superoxide dismutase (SOD), antioxidative enzyme and potential anti-inflammatory agent, was encapsulated into mucoadhesive chitosan-coated liposomes in order to increase its releasing time and to facilitate its cellular penetration. Positively, neutrally and negatively charged liposomes were prepared using soybean lecithin, stearylamine, phosphatidyl glycerol and cholesterol. The effects of liposomal lipid composition and protein to lipid ratio on the encapsulation parameters were studied in three preparation methods: dehydration-rehydration, hydration and proliposome methods. The highest efficiency of SOD entrapment, 39-65%, was achieved by the proliposome method. Vesicles prepared by the hydration method entrapped 1-13% and vesicles prepared by dehydration-rehydration entrapped 2-3% of SOD. Stability tests for SOD-loaded liposomes prepared by the proliposome method showed no significant loss of the enzyme activity within 1 month at 4 degrees C or within 2 days at 37 degrees C. Positively, neutrally and negatively charged liposomes, prepared by the proliposome method, were successfully coated with two types of low and medium molecular weight chitosans. Both types of chitosan coating increased the mucoadhesive characteristics of all three types of vesicles. Using the proliposome method and subsequent chitosan coating, highly efficient SOD-loaded vesicles for drug targeting on mucosal tissues could be produced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Hematology, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovacića 1, P.O. Box 156, Croatia. ruzica.galovic@ka.hinet.hr
authors.forename: Ruzica
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Galović Rengel
authors.forename: Karmela
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barisić
authors.forename: Zeljka
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Pavelić
authors.forename: Tihana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zanić Grubisić
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cepelak
authors.forename: Jelena
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Filipović-Grcić
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002686:Chitin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D048271:Chitosan; D008081:Liposomes; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D008081:Liposomes; D002686:Chitin; D048271:Chitosan; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase