title: Transient peritumoral enhancement during dynamic MRI of the liver: cavernous hemangioma versus hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this work was to compare the incidence and pattern of transient peritumoral parenchymal enhancement for cavernous hemangioma and hepatocellular carcinoma during dynamic MRI of the liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seven hemangiomas and 155 hepatocellular carcinomas up to 4 cm in size were retrospectively assessed. The peritumoral enhancement was comparatively analyzed in terms of the shape, extent, signal intensity, and dependence on the size and degree of contrast enhancement of each tumor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For small lesions (<2 cm), hemangiomas (16/141; 11.3%) showed a higher incidence (p = 0.026) of peritumoral enhancement than hepatocellular carcinomas (3/87; 3.5%). For larger lesions (2-4 cm), there was no significant difference (p > 0.05) in the incidence of peritumoral enhancement of hemangiomas (15/66; 22.7%) and hepatocellular carcinomas (15/68; 22.1%). Nineteen (61.3%) of the 31 hemangiomas showed contrast agent filling the entire tumor volume at the phase of peritumoral enhancement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In spite of the limited specificity, for a <2 cm small focal lesion with homogeneous contrast enhancement on early phase dynamic MR images in the liver, peritumoral enhancement could suggest a higher possibility of hemangioma rather than hepatocellular carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology and Research Institute of Radiological Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. yjsrad97@yumc.yonsei.ac.kr
authors.forename: Jeong-Sik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ki Whang
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Mi-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang-Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000098:blood supply / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006392:Hemangioma, Cavernous / Q000098:blood supply / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA