Acute myocardial infarction: the first manifestation of ischemic heart disease and relation to risk factors.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the association between cardiovascular risk factors and acute myocardial infarction as the first manifestation of ischemic heart disease, correlating them with coronary angiographic findings.


METHODS
We carried out a cross-sectional study of 104 patients with previous acute myocardial infarction, who were divided into 2 groups according to the presence or absence of angina prior to acute myocardial infarction. We assessed the presence of angina preceding acute myocardial infarction and risk factors, such as age >55 years, male sex, smoking, systemic arterial hypertension, lipid profile, diabetes mellitus, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and familial history of ischemic heart disease. On coronary angiography, the severity of coronary heart disease and presence of left ventricular hypertrophy were assessed.


RESULTS
Of the 104 patients studied, 72.1% were males, 90.4% were white, 73.1% were older than 55 years, and 53.8% were hypertensive. Acute myocardial infarction was the first manifestation of ischemic heart disease in 49% of the patients. The associated risk factors were systemic arterial hypertension (RR=0.19; 95% CI=0.06-0.59; P=0.04) and left ventricular hypertrophy (RR=0.27; 95% CI=0,.8-0.88; P=0.03). The remaining risk factors were not statistically significant.


CONCLUSIONS
Prevalence of acute myocardial infarction as the first manifestation of ischemic heart disease is high, approximately 50%. Hypertensive individuals more frequently have symptoms preceding acute myocardial infarction, probably due to ventricular hypertrophy associated with high blood pressure levels.
Manfroi
Waldomiro Carlos
WC
Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, RS, Brazil.
Peukert
Carolina
C
Berti
Clarissa Bacha
CB
Noer
Clarissa
C
Gutierres
Danielle de Avila
Dde A
Silva
Felipe Theodoro Bezerra Gaspar Carvalho da
FT
D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors