title: Does locomotion improve the cognitive profile of children with meningomyelocele?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to test the hypothesis that locomotion can improve cognitive development in a paediatric population with meningomyelocele (MMC) and hydrocephalus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine children with MMC and shunted hydrocephalus were studied. All had motor impairment, but after physiotherapy and training walking was possible in 23 of them (5 autonomously and 18 with an aid), while 6 had recourse to a wheelchair. In all 23 cases neuroimaging (TC scan and/or MRI) was performed to obtain data on the sequelae of perinatal lesions, alterations of the corpus callosum, and the presence or absence of cortical abnormalities and ventricular dilatation. All subjects underwent a neuropsychological assessment including the Wechsler Pre-school and Primary Scale for Infants (WIPPSI) and the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children Revisited (WISC-R). Statistical analysis was carried out with the ANOVA test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Even though global I.Q. in these MMC children was within the normal range, the characteristic splitting between verbal I.Q. (VIQ) and performance I.Q. (PIQ) was observed, but the most interesting observation was a significant performance-related difference (P=0.044 and P=0.012) between ambulatory patients (both with and without aids) and those who were dependent on wheelchairs (PIQ: 83-85 vs 63).
authors.affiliation: Spina Bifida Centre, Paediatric Department, Policlinico Gemelli, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rendeli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salvaggio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sciascia Cannizzaro
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caldarelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guzzetta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion; D008297:Male; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000150:complications*; D014888:Wechsler Scales