Substrate recognition properties of oligopeptidase B from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium.
Oligopeptidase B (OpdB) is a serine peptidase broadly distributed among unicellular eukaryotes, gram-negative bacteria, and spirochetes which has emerged as an important virulence factor and potential therapeutic target in infectious diseases. We report here the cloning and expression of the opdB homologue from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium and demonstrate that it exhibits amidolytic activity exclusively against substrates with basic residues in P(1). While similar to its eukaryotic homologues in terms of substrate specificity, Salmonella OpdB differs significantly in catalytic power and inhibition and activation properties. In addition to oligopeptide substrates, restricted proteolysis of histone proteins was observed, although no cleavage was seen at or near residues that had been posttranslationally modified or at defined secondary structures. This supports the idea that the catalytic site of OpdB may be accessible only to unstructured oligopeptides, similar to the closely related prolyl oligopeptidase (POP). Salmonella OpdB was employed as a model enzyme to define determinants of substrate specificity that distinguish OpdB from POP, which hydrolyzes substrates exclusively at proline residues. Using site-directed mutagenesis, nine acidic residues that are conserved in OpdBs but absent from POPs were converted to their corresponding residues in POP. In this manner, we identified a pair of glutamic acid residues, Glu(576) and Glu(578), that define P(1) specificity and direct OpdB cleavage C terminal to basic residues. We have also identified a second pair of residues, Asp(460) and Asp(462), that may be involved in defining P(2) specificity and thus direct preferential cleavage by OpdB after pairs of basic residues.
Morty
Rory E
RE
Section of Microbial Pathogenesis, Boyer Center for Molecular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06536, USA.
Fülöp
Vilmos
V
Andrews
Norma W
NW
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006657:Histones; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C090703:oligopeptidase B