title: Reflections on empowerment in community mental health: giving shape to an elusive idea.
abstract: Empowerment has achieved a prominent position in the doctrine of community mental health. This paper conceptualizes empowerment, describes its historical development in the field and its relation to power theory. While there has been a recent erosion of social-political forces enabling empowerment, we contend a legacy of empowerment will endure. Four examples of this legacy are discussed: (a)focus on social determinants of health; (b) development of conceptual models; (c) tolerance for professional self-reflection; and (d) growth of formal consumer controlled organizations.
authors.affiliation: Center for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Carrie_Clark@camh.net
authors.forename: Carrie C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krupa
mesh_terms: D003156:Community Mental Health Services; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000523:psychology*