title: Prevalence of oral lesions in Mexican children with perinatally acquired HIV: association with immunologic status, viral load, and gender.
abstract: It has been proposed that HIV-related oral lesions (HIV-ROL) have a significant diagnostic and prognostic value for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in adult patients. However, in HIV-infected children, the relation between HIV-ROL and immune and virologic status is not well established. The principal objective of this paper is to assess the prevalence of HIV-related oral lesions (HIV-ROL) in Mexican HIV-infected children in relation to their immunologic status, viral load, and gender. Forty-eight HIV-infected children from Immunodeficiency Clinic, Child's Hospital of México, México City, were examined for oral pathology. The data obtained from medical records were: name, gender, age, route of infection, CD4 lymphocytes cells count/mL, HIV-1-RNA level of copies/mL (viral load), and type and time of treatment. The prevalence of HIV-ROL was 29.2%. Oral candidosis was the most prevalent oral lesion (20.8%) followed by periodontal and gingival disease (4.2%), herpes simplex (2.1%), and parotid enlargement (2.1%). There was no association between the prevalence of HIV-ROL and gender, immunological status, or viral load. The most frequent clinical form of oral candidosis was erythematous candidosis (12.5%, N = 6). Our results do not suggest a direct relationship between prevalence of HIV-ROL, severe immunodepression, and/or viral load > 100000 copies in this population.
authors.affiliation: Oral Pathology Laboratory, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Tlalpan, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gaitán-Cepeda
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cashat-Cruz
authors.forename: Jose Juan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Morales-Aguirre
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Vargas
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aquino-Garcia
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fragoso-Ríos
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cuairán-Ruidiaz
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Avila-Figueroa
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: Carlos Avila
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Figueroa
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D019562:Viral Load