title: Off-label use of drugs in Italy: a prospective, observational and multicentre study.
abstract: The aims of the study were to measure the paediatric, off-label use of drugs in the Italian hospital setting and to reveal areas for priority intervention by investigating the therapeutic indications most involved. Prescriptions given to all children admitted to nine general paediatric hospital wards from December 1998 to February 1999 were analysed. In total, 4265 prescriptions were given to 1461 children, 10 of which were unlicensed and excluded from further analysis. Sixty percent of prescriptions (range between centres: 44-71%) were off-label and concerned 89% of children receiving medications (80-96%). The main drug classes were antibacterials, antiasthmatics and analgesics, and represented 56% of off-label prescriptions. Paracetamol (385 prescriptions) and beclomethasone (339) were the generic substances most often used off-label. The most common off-label categories were dosage/frequency (50% of prescriptions), indication and lack of paediatric licence (7% each). Fifty-four per cent of all indications that led to off-label prescribing involved only respiratory problems, fever, respiratory tract infections and bronchospasm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite prescription profile differences among centres, off-label use was high everywhere. Immediate action for more rational drug use is necessary and requires not only regulatory intervention but also a more evidence-based, therapeutic approach.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Mother and Child Health, Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pandolfini
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Impicciatore
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Provasi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rocchi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Campi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonati
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017277:Drug Approval / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004348:Drug Labeling; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D004366:Nonprescription Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D004366:Nonprescription Drugs