title: Schistosoma induced squamous cell carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: Schistosomiasis or Bilharziasis caused by S. hematobium is endemic in Africa, Egypt, southern tips of Europe and Japan. Though not unknown in India, it is a much less common occurrence. Schistosomiasis of the bladder is known to be a causative factor for bladder carcinoma; which is usually of the squamous type. These cancers are usually of a higher grade and the average initial stage is higher than those for transitional cell carcinomas. We present a case of schistosoma induced squamous carcinoma of the bladder as this is not a common association in India.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amonkar
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Murali
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krishnamurthy
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012553:Schistosomiasis haematobia / Q000150:complications*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology