title: Docosahexaenoic acid abundance in the brain: a biodevice to combat oxidative stress.
abstract: Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6) is a polyunsaturated fatty acid of the n - 3 series which is believed to be a molecular target for lipid peroxides (LPO) formation. Its ubiquitous nature in the nervous tissue renders it particularly vulnerable to oxidative stress, which is high in brain during normal activity because of high oxygen consumption and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Under steady state conditions potentially harmful ROS and LPO are maintained at low levels due to a strong antioxidant defense mechanism, which involves several enzymes and low molecular weight reducing compounds. The present review emphasizes a paradox: a discrepancy between the expected high oxidability of the DHA molecule due to its high degree of unsaturation and certain experimental results which would indicate no change or even decreased lipid peroxidation when brain tissue is supplied or enriched with DHA. The following is a critical review of the experimental data relating DHA levels in the brain to lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage there. A neuroprotective role for DHA, possibly in association with the vinyl ether (VE) linkage of plasmalogens (pPLs) in combating free radicals is proposed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel. ephraim.yavin@weizmann.ac.il
authors.forename: Ephraim
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yavin
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: Pnina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids