Role of the enteric nervous system in the pathophysiology of secretory diarrhea.
Details of the physiology and pathophysiology of epithelial secretion in the gastrointestinal tract are becoming clear, leading to new models of the mechanisms underlying diarrhea. The enteric nervous system is a critical component of the mechanism regulating fluid secretion in the normal gut and a key element in the pathophysiology of diarrhea. Neural reflex pathways increase epithelial fluid secretion in response to several enteric pathogens of veterinary importance such as Salmonella spp., Cryptosporidium parvum, rotavirus, and Clostridium difficile. Moreover, the enteric nervous system has an important role in epithelial secretion triggered by products of activated leukocytes during inflammation. New approaches targeting the enteric nervous system show promise for the treatment of secretory diarrhea.
Jones
Samuel L
SL
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, USA. sam_jones@ncsu.edu
Blikslager
Anthony T
AT
D000820:Animal Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D017615:Enteric Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007249:Inflammation; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000502:physiology
D001427:Bacterial Toxins