title: Massive vascular endothelium growth factor (VEGF) expression in Eales' disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Eales' disease is an idiopathic retinal vasculitic and vaso-occlusive process complicated by extensive retinal neovascularisation and vitreous hemorrhages. The great propensity to produce retinal neovessels is one of the particular aspects of the disease that deserves to be further investigated. We report a case of Eales' disease having evolved over more than three decades, with a typical clinical presentation in one eye, while the other eye had to be enucleated because of a terminal neovascular glaucoma, thus allowing pathological examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  The functional right eye was treated by vitrectomy, cerclage, cryocoagulation and endolaser. The non-functional phthitic left eye was enucleated and submitted for histopathological and immunohistochemical examination using antibodies against vascular endothelial growth factor, T-cells, B-cells and Müller cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Evolution was favourable in the operated right eye, following management of the inflammatory reaction. The histopathological examination of the left eye revealed an occlusion of the anterior chamber angle by rubeosis iridis, tractional retinal detachments, pre-, intra- and sub-retinal neovascular membranes, and vitrous hemorrhages. Diffuse positive anti-VEGF immunostaining was found at the level of the retinal neovascular membranes. The retina exhibited prominent Müller cell immunostaining, indicating extensive gliosis, and predominantly B cell infiltrates were found in the eye.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates a close relationship between the prominent neovascular proliferation in Eales' disease and the intense expression of VEGF. The increased expression of VEGF, when compared to other conditions inducing neovascularisation, might explain the severity of neovascular growth and the propensity of repeated vitrous hemorrhages in Eales' disease.
authors.affiliation: University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Yannis
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Perentes
authors.forename: Chi Chao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bovey
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uffer
authors.forename: Carl P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Herbort
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000473:pathology*; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D015355:Glaucoma, Neovascular / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000473:pathology*; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D014823:Vitreous Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors