title: Development and testing of a measure of health-related quality of life for men with urinary incontinence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the development and psychometric testing of male versions of the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI) and Incontinence Impact Questionnaire (IIQ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Instrument development.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urology clinic at a large urban Veterans Affairs Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Convenience sample of English-speaking community-dwelling male urology clinic patients who acknowledged concerns about urine leakage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Content experts and male clinic patients evaluated items for clarity and fit. Revised instruments were administered to 153 participants. Data were analyzed to examine issues of feasibility of administration, internal consistency reliability, and validity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Modal completion time for the Male Urogenital Distress Inventory (MUDI) (27 items) and Male Urinary Symptom Impact Questionnaire (MUSIQ) (32 items) was 20 minutes. Cronbach's coefficients were.89 for the MUDI and.95 for the MUSIQ. Total MUDI and MUSIQ scores were moderately correlated (r =.59, P <.001). Mean MUDI and MUSIQ scores varied significantly with self-reported desire for socialization, urine leakage, and depression. Principal components analyses suggested the presence of seven factors accounting for 65.4% of the variance in the MUDI and six factors accounting for 72.9% of the variance in the MUSIQ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is feasible to use the MUDI and MUSIQ to measure health-related quality of life in men with continence problems. The scores appeared to be reliable and valid in this racially and educationally diverse sample. Use of the MUDI and MUSIQ may provide more sensitive measurement of the specific effect of urinary incontinence and related symptoms on health-related quality of life in men. Future research should determine reproducibility and responsivity and reexamine the construct validity of these instruments.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA. robinson@nightingale.rutgers.edu
authors.forename: Joanne P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Judy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shea
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000150:complications*; D014728:Veterans