title: Variation of adhesion molecule expression on human umbilical vein endothelial cells upon multiple cytokine application.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A variety of cytokines, mediators, activators, growth factors and other products are simultaneously released into circulation with the activation of the cellular immune system during rejection or infection. The secretion of these biochemical markers potentiates the immunological events associated with these processes. Among other things some cytokines demonstrate regulatory effects on the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endothelial cells are detached by trypsinisation and adhesion molecule expression is assessed by means of flow cytometry. Fluorescence-conjugated mouse monoclonal antibodies directed against VCAM-1, ICAM-1, PECAM-1, CD34, E- and P-selectin are used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combined application of different cytokines synergistically evokes P-selectin expression after a chosen incubation period of 16 h, while under single cytokine treatment P-selectin induction is not observed. Co-stimulation with TNF-alpha and a second cytokine reduces its influence on E-selectin. IL-1 beta/IFN-gamma lead to E-selectin levels higher than those under treatment with one of the both alone. Concomitant incubation with all cytokines synergistically down-regulates PECAM-1 referred to each cytokine alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our investigations in some cases clearly demonstrate that the combination of a second cytokine with TNF-alpha, IL-1 beta or IFN-gamma can either synergistically or antagonistically modulate the expression of adhesion molecules on HUVECs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Laboratory Diagnostics and Ludwig-Boltzmann-Institute for Cardiothoracic Research, Kaiser-Franz-Josef Hospital, Kundratstrasse 3, A-1100, Vienna, Austria. other_mr@yahoo.de
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raab
authors.forename: Heide
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daxecker
authors.forename: Snezana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Markovic
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Griesmacher
authors.forename: Mathias M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000378:metabolism; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D019040:E-Selectin; D007375:Interleukin-1; D019007:P-Selectin; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma