Targeting monocyte recruitment in CNS autoimmune disease.
Monocytes and macrophages play a pathogenic role in a number of autoimmune inflammatory diseases. Recent studies in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model of multiple sclerosis, have identified a critical chemokine-mediated mechanism of monocyte homing to the central nervous system (CNS). Here, we summarize the current findings in EAE, develop a rationale for targeting the chemokine axis in order to treat CNS inflammatory disease, and review currently available molecule-specific therapeutics that inhibit monocyte trafficking to the CNS.
Izikson
Leonid
L
Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, 02115, USA.
Klein
Robyn S
RS
Luster
Andrew D
AD
Weiner
Howard L
HL
D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism
C515334:CCR2 protein, human; C515335:Ccr2 protein, mouse; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018925:Chemokines; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine