Concomitant beta-blocker therapy is associated with a lower occurrence of ventricular arrhythmias in patients with decompensated heart failure.
BACKGROUND
Ventricular arrhythmias are nearly universally present in patients with advanced congestive heart failure (CHF) and represent an important cause of mortality in these patients. One of the putative mechanisms for the salutary effects of beta-blockers on sudden death mortality in heart failure is their ability to suppress ventricular arrhythmias. However, supporting data in patients with CHF are sparse, especially in the setting of excessive neurohumoral activation associated with symptomatic decompensated heart failure.


RESULTS
We studied 236 patients (159 men; mean age, 61 +/- 14 years) admitted for decompensated CHF. Fifty patients were receiving beta-blockers at the time of the study. The severity of ventricular arrhythmia was assessed by 24-hour Holter recordings by using several prospectively defined measures of ventricular ectopy. All measures of ventricular ectopy were lower in patients receiving beta-blockers. The average hourly total premature ventricular beats (PVCs), hourly ventricular couplets, repetitive PVCs, and frequency of ventricular tachycardia episodes were 15% (P =.02), 75% (P <.05), 72% (P <.05), and 87% (P =.01) lower in patient receiving beta-blockers, respectively. In a multivariate regression analysis, the negative relationship between beta-blockers and the average hourly PVCs (P =.03), the frequency of ventricular pairs (P =.03), repetitive PVCs (P <.05), and ventricular tachycardia episodes (P =.01) remained significant and independent.


CONCLUSIONS
Concomitant beta-blocker therapy during heart failure decompensation is associated with a marked reduction in complex ventricular ectopy and episodes of ventricular tachycardia. This effect of beta-blockers may play an important protective role by preventing serious ventricular arrhythmias during transient increases in sympathetic activity.
Aronson
Doron
D
Division of Cardiology, Rambam Medical Center, Haifa, Israel.
Burger
Andrew J
AJ
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018450:Disease Progression; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists