title: TNF inhibited the apoptosis by activation of Akt serine/threonine kinase in the human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is known to induce apoptosis, but recently, TNF was shown to promote cell survival, a process regulated by phosphatidylinositol-3-OH kinase (PI3K) and the NFkappaB pathway. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the molecules implicated in regulating TNF-induced cell survival and apoptosis induced by TNF in a human head and neck squamous cell carcinoma cell line (SAS), with special reference to the Akt pathway, one of the pathways related to cell survival. In SAS cells, TNF induced the phosphorylation of Akt at both Ser473 and Thr308, causing the activation of Akt, and also induced the phosphorylation and degradation of IkappaB (inhibitor of NFkappaB). This phosphorylation and degradation was inhibited by pretreating the cells with the PI3K inhibitors, wortmannin or LY294002. The apoptosis of SAS cells induced by TNF was dependent on the concentration: a high concentration of TNF, but not a low concentration, induced apoptosis within 30 h. However, a low concentration of TNF in the presence of wortmannin or LY294002 induced apoptosis. Furthermore, expression of the kinase-negative form of Akt, IKKalpha or IKKbeta, and the undegradable mutant of IkappaB, also induced apoptosis at low concentrations of TNF. When the SAS cells expressed constitutively activated Akt, apoptosis was not induced, even by high concentrations of TNF. These observations suggest that, in the SAS cell line, the PI3K-NFkappaB pathway contributes to TNF-induced cell survival and that inhibition of this pathway accelerates apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry and Station for Collaborative Research, Faculty of Dental Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Ferry
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sandra
authors.forename: Nori-aki
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Matsuki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikebe
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanematsu
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirata
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D009154:Mutation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; C496559:CHUK protein, human; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496560:IKBKB protein, human; C496565:IKBKE protein, human