Determinants of 4-aminobiphenyl-DNA adducts in bladder cancer biopsies.
Exposure to 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP) is an important determinant of urinary bladder cancer in humans. We have analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry the DNA adducts of 4-ABP in 75 bladder cancer biopsies. The purpose was to understand whether smoking, N-acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) polymorphism, diet or tumor grade were determinants of 4-ABP-DNA levels. 4-ABP-DNA adducts were above the detection limit of 0.1 fmol/microg DNA for 37/75 patients. Overall the level of adducts was 2.7 +/- 0.7 (mean +/- SE) fmol/microg DNA (86 +/- 22 adducts/10(8) normal nucleotides, mean +/- SE). A strong association with grade was observed. In the group of patients with detectable 4-ABP-DNA adducts the odds ratio for having a tumor grade of 2 or 3 was respectively 4.3 (95% CI 0.8-21.9) and 6 (1.3-27.5), compared with grade 1. A non-statistically significant association was found between adduct levels and the deduced slow acetylator phenotype in grades 2 and 3. The intake of fruit and vegetables produced a lower frequency of detectable adducts, though the association was not statistically significant. Detectable 4-ABP-DNA adducts were clearly associated with current smoking in higher tumor grades (grade 3 versus grades 1 + 2, odds ratios 10.4; 95% CI 1.7-63.1). Overall, our findings indicate that higher levels of DNA adducts characterize more invasive tumors (higher tumor grades). This seems to be facilitated by smoking and contrasted by the intake of fruit and vegetables.
Airoldi
Luisa
L
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy.
Orsi
Federica
F
Magagnotti
Cinzia
C
Coda
Renato
R
Randone
Donato
D
Casetta
Giovanni
G
Peluso
Marco
M
Hautefeuille
Agnes
A
Malaveille
Christian
C
Vineis
Paolo
P
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000611:Aminobiphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001706:Biopsy; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects*; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
D000611:Aminobiphenyl Compounds; D018736:DNA Adducts; C006757:4-biphenylamine; D004247:DNA