title: Olanzapine in the treatment of apathy in previously depressed participants maintained with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors: an open-label, flexible-dose study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We report a clinical trial of olanzapine in the treatment of prominent apathy in the absence of depression in patients on long-term treatment with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) for nonpsychotic major depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 21 men and women who met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder in full remission (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale [MADRS] score < or = 12) who had been taking an SSRI for at least 3 months. Data are presented (last observation carried forward) based on 20 enrolled participants who completed at least 1 follow-up visit. Participants had significant symptoms of apathy, defined as a Clinical Global Impressions-Severity of Illness scale (CGI-S) score > or = 3, an Apathy Evaluation Scale (AES) score > 30, and a MADRS item 8 (inability to feel) score > or = 2. Participants with a personal or family history of psychosis were excluded. Olanzapine was titrated in 2.5-mg increments at weekly intervals, until CGI-S score improved > or = 2 points from baseline or > or = 1 point with dose-limiting side effects, and participants continued in the protocol for 8 weeks at a stable dose following this improvement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Improvement was clinically evident and demonstrable on all symptom assessments: AES (mean +/- SD change in score = -21.3 +/- 8.7; p < .0001), CGI-S (-2.7 +/- 0.9; p < .0001), MADRS (-5.6 +/- 5.9; p = .001), and MADRS item 8 (-2.2 +/- 1.4; p < .0001). The mean dose of olanzapine was 5.4 +/- 2.8 mg/day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary data suggest that olanzapine may be effective in treating apathy syndrome in nonpsychotic patients taking SSRIs.
authors.affiliation: Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex 77030, USA. laurenm@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Lauren B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Marangell
authors.forename: Christopher R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kertz
authors.forename: Holly A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Zboyan
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martinez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010890:Pirenzepine; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors