title: Increased autoantibodies to SOX13 in Swedish patients with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: This article aims to estimate the prevalence of SOX13 antibodies in Swedish patients with type 1 diabetes and healthy controls. The patients (n = 102; median age 35 years [range, 9-89]) were newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes in a defined area in southern Sweden during 1995-1998. Islet cell antibodies (ICA) were analyzed with immunofluorescence, while glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA-2A), and antibodies against the transcription factor SOX13 (SOX13Ab) were analyzed with radioimmunoprecipitating assays. SOX13Ab were found in 9.8% (10/102) of type 1 patients compared to 2.0% (2/99) in healthy controls (P = 0.033). At least one of the four autoantibodies (ICA, GADA, IA-2A or SOX13Ab) were identified in 67% (68/102) of the patients. Samples positive for IA-2A were only in one case positive also for SOX13Ab. IA-2A-positive patients were often positive also for ICA and GADA (19/27), and the same combination was also common for SOX13Ab-positive patients (6/10). Only 2.0% (2/102) were positive for SOX13Ab alone. ICA, GADA and IA-2A were more frequent in younger patients (<or= 35 years of age) than in older patients, while SOX13Ab showed similar frequency in both groups. We concluded that the frequency of SOX13Ab was significantly increased in Swedish patients with type 1 diabetes, but that the addition of SOX13Ab to the combination of GADA and IA2-A only increased the sensitivity by 2% for autoimmune diabetes. Therefore, SOX13 could be a minor autoantigen involved in the pathogenesis of type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden. Carina.Torn@med.lu.se
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Törn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shtauvere-Brameus
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Sanjeevi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landin-Olsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D055755:SOXD Transcription Factors; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; C491720:SOX13 protein, human; D055755:SOXD Transcription Factors