[Stimulating regeneration of bone defects by implantation of bioceramics and autologous osteoblast transplantation].
OBJECTIVE
Does artificial stimulation of osteoconduction and osteogenesis lead to improved bone formation in defects of critical size?


METHODS
Full-thickness, critical-sized defects in the anterior mandible were created in 24 adult mini-pigs. These defects were treated with a new kind of bioactive ceramic (60% hydroxylapatite and 40% beta-tricalcium phosphate), applied as a unique sol gel [9]. The bioceramic was tested alone and in combination with autologous osteoblasts. In a control group, periosteum was the only bone-producing source. After 5 weeks, the animals were sacrificed and the defects analyzed clinically, histologically, and by X-ray examination. The effects of periosteum, bioceramics, and osteoblasts were investigated in particular.


RESULTS
The new bioceramic was degraded at the same speed as new bone was laid down. The rate of newly formed bone was highest in the bioceramic group at 72.3% (control group with periosteal covering only 59.3%). Additional transplantation of autologous osteoblasts did not result in faster bone production.


CONCLUSIONS
It seems that this bioactive ceramic is successful as a bone replacement material and will be suitable as a carrier for osteoinductive substances such as bone morphogenetic proteins.
Henkel
K O
KO
Klinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Universität Rostock, Strempelstrasse 13, 18057 Rostock. Kai-Olaf.Henkel@med.uni-rostock.de
Gerber
Th
T
Dörfling
P
P
Härtel
J
J
Jonas
L
L
Gundlach
K K H
KK
Bienengräber
V
V
D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D002516:Ceramics; D017886:Durapatite; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000637:transplantation*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013556:Swine, Miniature
D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate; D017886:Durapatite; C018392:tricalcium phosphate