title: Mature glycosylation and trafficking of nicastrin modulate its binding to presenilins.
abstract: Nicastrin is an integral component of the high molecular weight presenilin complexes that control proteolytic processing of the amyloid precursor protein and Notch. We report here that nicastrin is most probably a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein that is expressed at moderate levels in the brain and in cultured neurons. Immunofluorescence studies demonstrate that nicastrin is localized in the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, and a discrete population of vesicles. Glycosidase analyses reveal that endogenous nicastrin undergoes a conventional, trafficking-dependent maturation process. However, when highly expressed in transfected cells, there is a disproportionate accumulation of the endo-beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase H-sensitive, immature form, with no significant increase in the levels of the fully mature species. Immunoprecipitation revealed that presenilin-1 interacts preferentially with mature nicastrin, suggesting that correct trafficking and co-localization of the presenilin complex components are essential for activity. These findings demonstrate that trafficking and post-translational modifications of nicastrin are tightly regulated processes that accompany the assembly of the active presenilin complexes that execute gamma-secretase cleavage. These results also underscore the caveat that simple overexpression of nicastrin in transfected cells may result in the accumulation of large amounts of the immature protein, which is apparently unable to assemble into the active complexes capable of processing amyloid precursor protein and Notch.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tanz Neuroscience Building, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada.
authors.forename: Dun-Sheng
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Anurag
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: Fusheng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Haung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arawaka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duthie
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Triprayer V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Ramabhadran
authors.forename: Ralph A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nixon
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.forename: Samuel E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Gandy
authors.forename: Howard T J
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Mount
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: St George-Hyslop
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Fraser
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000502:physiology; D004285:Dogs; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D006031:Glycosylation; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D053764:Presenilin-1; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D021381:Protein Transport; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C508853:PSEN1 protein, human; D053764:Presenilin-1; C413604:nicastrin protein; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases