title: What sexually transmitted disease screening method does the adolescent prefer? Adolescents' attitudes toward first-void urine, self-collected vaginal swab, and pelvic examination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess sexually active adolescents' attitudes toward 3 screening collection techniques for detection of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Trichomonas vaginalis using first-void urine (FVU), self-collected vaginal swab specimens, and pelvic examination with clinician-collected endocervical swab specimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants completed a preexamination health survey, provided FVU and self-collected vaginal swab samples, and had a pelvic examination with endocervical swab specimen collection. In a confidential postexamination interview, patients ranked the 3 screening techniques according to preference and responded to qualitative positive and negative descriptors to evaluate each technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  San Francisco area health maintenance organization and university clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A convenience sample of 155 ethnically diverse females aged 12 to 21 years, who were sexually active and were to have a pelvic examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescents' preferences for and evaluations of 3 sexually transmitted disease screening techniques.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants preferred the FVU test for sexually transmitted disease screening over the pelvic examination and the self-administered vaginal swab test (P<.001). These results were consistent when controlling for potentially mitigating experiences, including previous pelvic examination, tampon or condom use, and prior pregnancy. In evaluating what they liked and disliked about each of the 3 screening methods, participants described the FVU most positively, the pelvic examination most negatively, and the vaginal swab technique slightly less positively than the FVU.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most sexually active adolescents attending clinics for pelvic examination prefer to be screened for sexually transmitted diseases first by the FVU, second by the self-collected vaginal swab test, and last by the pelvic examination.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Serlin
authors.forename: Mary-Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tebb
authors.forename: Afua-Adoma
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gyamfi
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moncada
authors.forename: Julius
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schachter
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wibbelsman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010808:Physical Examination; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016482:Urinalysis; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology