title: Prophylactic oophorectomy in carriers of BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data concerning the efficacy of bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy for reducing the risk of gynecologic cancer in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations are limited. We investigated whether this procedure reduces the risk of cancers of the coelomic epithelium and breast in women who carry such mutations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 551 women with disease-associated germ-line BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations were identified from registries and studied for the occurrence of ovarian and breast cancer. We determined the incidence of ovarian cancer in 259 women who had undergone bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy and in 292 matched controls who had not undergone the procedure. In a subgroup of 241 women with no history of breast cancer or prophylactic mastectomy, the incidence of breast cancer was determined in 99 women who had undergone bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy and in 142 matched controls. The length of postoperative follow-up for both groups was at least eight years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six women who underwent prophylactic oophorectomy (2.3 percent) received a diagnosis of stage I ovarian cancer at the time of the procedure; two women (0.8 percent) received a diagnosis of papillary serous peritoneal carcinoma 3.8 and 8.6 years after bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy. Among the controls, 58 women (19.9 percent) received a diagnosis of ovarian cancer, after a mean follow-up of 8.8 years. With the exclusion of the six women whose cancer was diagnosed at surgery, prophylactic oophorectomy significantly reduced the risk of coelomic epithelial cancer (hazard ratio, 0.04; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.01 to 0.16). Of 99 women who underwent bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy and who were studied to determine the risk of breast cancer, breast cancer developed in 21 (21.2 percent), as compared with 60 (42.3 percent) in the control group (hazard ratio, 0.47; 95 percent confidence interval, 0.29 to 0.77).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bilateral prophylactic oophorectomy reduces the risk of coelomic epithelial cancer and breast cancer in women with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104-6021, USA. trebbeck@cceb.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Rebbeck
authors.forename: Henry T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Neuhausen
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Narod
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van't Veer
authors.forename: Judy E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Garber
authors.forename: Gareth
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matloff
authors.forename: Olufunmilayo I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Olopade
authors.forename: Barbara L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Weber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018284:Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D019398:Genes, BRCA1; D024522:Genes, BRCA2; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012306:Risk