title: Effects of manual versus voice-activated dialing during simulated driving.
abstract: We measured driving performance (lane-keeping errors, driving times, and glances away from the road scene) in a video driving simulator for 24 volunteers who each drove alone on a 10.6-km multicurved course while simultaneously placing calls on a mobile phone subscribed to a voice-activated dialing system. Driving performance also was measured for the same distance while participants manually dialed phone numbers and while they drove without dialing. There were 22% fewer lane-keeping errors (p<.01) and 56% fewer glances away from the road scene (p<.01) when they used voice-activated dialing as compared to manual dialing. Significantly longer driving times in both of the dialing conditions as compared to the No Dialing condition are discussed in terms of the hypothesis that drivers decrease driving speed to compensate for the demands of the secondary phone tasks.
authors.affiliation: SS8 Networks, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. james.jenness@ss8.com
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jenness
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lattanzio
authors.forename: Maura
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: O'Toole
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pax
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D040421:Cell Phone; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009949:Orientation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance