title: Clinical, hormonal, and hematologic characteristics of bovine calves derived from nuclei from somatic cells.
abstract: Although healthy animals are born after nuclear transfer with somatic cells nuclei, the success of this procedure is generally poor (2%-10%) with high perinatal losses. Apparently normal surviving animals may have undiagnosed pathologies that could develop later in life. The gross pathology of 16 abnormal bovine fetuses produced by nuclear transfer (NT) and the clinical, endocrinologic (insulin-like growth factors I and II [IGF-I and IGF-II], IGF binding proteins, post-ACTH stimulation cortisol, leptin, glucose, and insulin levels), and biochemical characteristics of a group of 21 apparently normal cloned calves were compared with those of in vitro-produced (IVP) controls and controls resulting from artificial insemination. Oocytes used for NT or IVP were matured in vitro. NT to enucleated oocytes was performed using cultured adult or fetal skin cells. After culture, Day 7, grade 1-2 embryos were transferred (one per recipient). All placentas and fetuses from clones undergoing an abnormal pregnancy showed some degree of edema due to hydrops. Mean placentome number was lower and mean placentome weight was higher in clones than in controls (69.9 +/- 9.2 placentomes with a mean weight of 144.3 +/- 21.4 g in clones vs. 99 and 137 placentomes with a mean individual weight of 34.8 and 32.4 g in two IVP controls). Erythrocyte mean cell volume was higher at birth (P < 0.01), and body temperature and plasma leptin concentrations were higher and T4 levels were lower during the first 50 days and the first week (P < 0.05), respectively, in clones. Plasma IGF-II concentrations were higher at birth and lower at Day 15 in clones (P < 0.05). Therefore, apparently healthy cloned calves cannot be considered as physiologically normal animals until at least 50 days of age.
authors.affiliation: Biologie du Développement et Biotechnologies, Unité Mixte de Recherche Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique/Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Domaine de Vilvert, 78352 Jouy en Josas cedex, France. chavatte@jouy.inra.fr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chavatte-Palmer
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Heyman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richard
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Monget
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: LeBourhis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kann
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chilliard
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Vignon
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Renard
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001831:Body Temperature; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019976:Cloning, Organism; D004487:Edema / Q000473:pathology; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004909:Erythrocyte Indices; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D006728:Hormones / Q000032:analysis*; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D015160:Hydrops Fetalis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D007315:Insemination, Artificial; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000032:analysis; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009929:Organ Size; D010920:Placenta / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006728:Hormones; D007328:Insulin; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D020738:Leptin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone