title: Angiogenesis as a prognostic indicator in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiogenesis has gained wide acceptance as a reliable prognostic factor in several solid tumors. However, to date, experience in pancreatic adenocarcinoma is limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens from 45 patients radically operated on at our departments from 1988 to 1997 were stained immunohistochemically with the antibodies anti-mutant p53, anti-bcl2, anti Ki67 and anti-CD31. All the slides were reviewed by the same pathologist without knowledge of the patients' outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mutant p53, Ki67 index and vessel count were significantly related to tumoral behaviour and patients' outcome. Among patients with nodal involvement (Stage III), cumulative survival between hypovascular and hypervascular subgroups differed significantly (p = 0.03). Angiogenesis was independent from TNM in assessing the patients'prognosis at COX analysis (p = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, angiogenesis is a reliable indicator of tumor extension, lymph node status and survival. Its evaluation as a common procedure may contribute to a further improvement in the management of these patients and to a proper selection of those who could benefit from different follow-up protocols or adjuvant treatment.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stipa
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lucandri
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Limiti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bartolucci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cavallini
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Di Carlo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Amato
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ribotta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stipa
mesh_terms: D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology*; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011379:Prognosis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53