title: Rhizobacteria-induced resistance perturbs viral disease progress and triggers defense-related gene expression.
abstract: Selected strain of nonpathogenic rhizobacterium EXTN-1 from the Bacillus amyloliquefaciens is capable of eliciting broad-spectrum induced systemic resistance (ISR) in several crops that is phenotypically similar to pathogen-induced systemic acquired resistance (SAR). In tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum cv. Samsun-nn), EXTN-1 treatment also perturbs the disease progress by Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), a member of Tobamovirus group. To investigate the defense mechanisms induced by this rhizobacterium, expression patterns of defense-related genes were analyzed. The EXTN-1-treated tobacco plants showed augmented, rapid transcript accumulation of defense-related genes including PR-1a, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase (HMGR) following inoculation with PMMoV. This was the typical phenomenon of potentiation. Accelerated expression of all these genes was subsequently detected in the noninoculated, upper leaves; thus, their expression is associated with the development of both local and systemic resistance. Coordinated reduction of viral genome accumulation was clearly detected in the leaves of tobacco pretreated with EXTN-1. EXTN-1 treatment on Arabidopsis wild type Col-0 resulted in the activation of PR-1 and PDF1.2 at the same time. All these results may indicated that EXTN-1 induces systemic resistance via salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-dependent pathways and timely recognition followed by rapid counter attack against the viral invasion is the key differences between incompatible interaction and compatible one.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Il-Pyung
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Kyungseok
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Choong-Hoe
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001407:Bacillus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D023082:Defensins; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D017898:Tobamovirus / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D023082:Defensins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C077262:PR-1 protein, Arabidopsis