title: Efficacy of HOCl scavenging by sulfur-containing compounds: antioxidant activity of glutathione disulfide?
abstract: Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) is a bactericidal compound formed by activated neutrophils during inflammation. Overproduction of HOCl causes damage to tissues at the site of neutrophil accumulation. The deleterious effects of excessive HOCl formation can be attenuated using antioxidants. Thiols and thioethers are known to be very effective HOCl scavengers. In the present study, the potency of several sulfur-containing compounds to protect acetylcholinesterase, glutathione S-transferase P1-1 (GST P1-1) and alpha1-antiproteinease against inactivation by HOCl was determined. Surprisingly, glutathione disulfide was an effective protector of acetylcholinesterase against hypochlorous acid. Glutathione disulfide did not provide protection for GST P1-1 and alpha1-antiproteinease against oxidative inactivation by HOCl. The implications of this finding are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Gertjan J M
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: den Hartog
authors.forename: Guido R M M
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Haenen
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vegt
authors.forename: Wim J F
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: van der Vijgh
authors.forename: Aalt
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bast
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000378:metabolism*; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000378:metabolism; D010920:Placenta / Q000201:enzymology; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D016877:Oxidants; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide