title: Cytologic study of noninvasive intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma of the pancreas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the cytologic features of noninvasive intraductal papillary-mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) in an attempt to differentiate it cytologically from hyperplasia, invasive IPMC and invasive ductal adenocarcinoma (IDA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Tumor samples from 23 patients clinically diagnosed with a mucin-producing tumor of the pancreas, including 10 cases of hyperplasia, 10 noninvasive IPMCs and 3 invasive IPMCs, and tumor samples from 21 patients with IDA, were examined cytologically. Cytologic specimens were obtained in various ways, such as by fine needle aspiration, imprint, brushing, vinyl tube aspiration and aspiration from a cannula at endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytologically, all 10 noninvasive IPMCs exhibited clearly defined cytoplasmic boundaries (+1, ++4, ++ and mainly small nuclei (++7, +++3), with nuclear size and cytoplasm similar to those of hyperplastic cells, and irregular chromatin distribution (+2, ++8) and prominent nucleoli (-2, +4, ++3, +++1), all atypical nuclear features similar to those of invasive IPMC or IDA. There also were small papillary cohesive clusters (-1, +2, ++4, +++3) and euchromatin (+1, ++1, +++8), which were found only in IPMCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cytologic features of small, malignant nuclei and small papillary cohesive clusters are suggestive of noninvasive IPMC. Furthermore, the addition of clearly defined cell borders and euchromatin and the presence of some goblet cells are more strongly suggestive of noninvasive IPMC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Akebono Medical Welfare Center, Pathology Division, Yamanashi Prefectural Central Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suda
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyama
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000473:pathology*; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000473:pathology*; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000473:pathology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002843:Chromatin / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D022041:Euchromatin; D005260:Female; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D022041:Euchromatin