title: Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein/extracellular signal-regulated kinase improves endothelial function and attenuates Ang II-induced contractility of mesenteric resistance arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERK1/2) modulate vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) growth and contractility, important factors in blood pressure regulation. In the present in vivo study, we investigated whether short-term inhibition of ERK1/2-dependent signaling pathways influences vascular function and blood pressure (BP) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
  
  
  METHODS
  SHR and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats were injected subcutaneously with either PD98059, selective MEK1/2 inhibitor (20 mg/kg), or vehicle. BP was measured by telemetry. Rats were killed 24 h after injection and small mesenteric arteries mounted as pressurized systems for morphometric analysis and assessment of endothelial function and angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced contractility. ERK1/2 phosphorylation was measured by Western blots, using protein extracts from mesenteric arteries, aorta, heart and kidneys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BP was higher (P < 0.01) in SHR than in WKY rats. PD98059 did not influence BP in either group. Endothelial-dependent relaxation (acetylcholine-induced), which was impaired in SHR, was improved by PD98059 (P < 0.05). Ang II increased contraction, with greater responses in SHR (Emax = 25 +/- 4%) than WKY (Emax = 9 +/- 3%) (P < 0.01). PD98059 reduced Ang II-induced contraction in SHR (Emax = 5.8 +/- 0.4%) and WKY (Emax = 4 +/- 0.4%). Vascular structure was unaltered by PD98059. Vascular and renal ERK1/2 phosphorylation, which was higher in SHR than WKY, was decreased by PD98059 in SHR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term treatment with PD98059 improves endothelial function and vascular contractility without influencing BP in SHR. These findings provide evidence that vascular ERK1/2 activity is upregulated and that MEK1/2-sensitive signaling pathways play an important role in the regulation of vascular function in SHR. Acute inhibition of MEK1/2 does not alter blood pressure despite improved endothelial function and reduced arterial reactivity to Ang II.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Hypertension, bLaboratory of Experimental Cardiovascular Biology, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. touyzr@ircm.qc.ca
authors.forename: Rhian M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Touyz
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deschepper
authors.forename: Jeong Bae
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Mario Fritsch T
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Neves
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Virdis
authors.forename: Ernesto L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Schiffrin
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR / Q000502:physiology*; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D000804:Angiotensin II; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one