A low-fat diet has a higher potential than energy restriction to improve high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in mice.
Previous studies have shown that energy restriction (ER) or low-fat (LF) diets have beneficial effects on high-fat (HF) diet-induced obesity and non-insulin-dependent diabetes. However, comparison between ER and low-fat diet regarding the effect on insulin resistance and lipid metabolism has not been reported. After inducing insulin resistance by HF feeding for 20 weeks, male C57BL/6J mice were divided into 3 groups. For a period of 12 weeks, group 1 received energy restriction (70% of ad libitum, HF diet), group 2 LF diet, and group 3 maintained on HF diet. Body weight and energy intake were reduced equally in ER and LF feeding. Plasma insulin levels were decreased on LF feeding, but were unchanged on ER, when compared with HF feeding. Glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity tests revealed that insulin sensitivity was improved more efficiently by LF feeding than on ER. Plasma triglyceride (TG) levels were lower on LF feeding compared with ER and HF feeding. Measurement of hepatic very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL)-TG production revealed a lower production after LF diet feeding or ER compared with HF diet feeding. In summary, our data show that LF diet has a higher potential than ER to improve HF diet-induced insulin resistance, and that there is an association between improvement of insulin resistance and decrease of TG levels.
Muurling
Martin
M
TNO-Prevention and Health, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Jong
Miek C
MC
Mensink
Ronald P
RP
Hornstra
Gerard
G
Dahlmans
Vivian E H
VE
Pijl
Hanno
H
Voshol
Peter J
PJ
Havekes
Louis M
LM
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D014280:Triglycerides; C030106:very low density lipoprotein triglyceride; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D002784:Cholesterol; C016811:tyloxapol