title: Antisense oligonucleotides to the integrin receptor subunit alpha(5) decrease fibronectin fragment mediated cartilage chondrolysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate involvement of the integrin alpha(5) subunit of the classical fibronectin receptor in cartilage chondrolytic activities of fibronectin fragments (Fn-f).
  
  
  METHODS
  Bovine chondrocytes and cartilage explants were cultured in the presence of antisense oligonucleotide (ASO), or sense (SO) or scrambled sequence oligonucleotide (SCO) corresponding to the bovine alpha(5) subunit. The effects of the oligonucleotides on mRNA and protein expression of the alpha(5) subunit were analysed by rtPCR and Western blotting, respectively. To test effects on Fn-f activities, three different Fn-f were first added to serum or serum-free cultures, followed by addition of oligonucleotides and the effects on Fn-f mediated proteoglycan (PG) degradation, cartilage PG depletion and PG and general protein synthesis suppression were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ASO decreased alpha(5) mRNA and protein expression to 69% and 55%, respectively, in monolayer cultures and decreased protein expression 67% in cartilage explants, while SO and SCO were ineffective. The ASO partially reversed the ability of the Fn-fs to suppress PG and general protein synthesis in cartilage explant and high density chondrocyte cultures. Concentrations of ASO from 1 nM to 5 microM effectively suppressed Fn-f activities in particular assays and the effects were reversible, while SO and SCO were not significantly effective. ASO also suppressed, in a dose-dependent and reversible fashion, the ability of the Fn-fs to enhance degradation and release of PG from cartilage explants. The ASO were also effective in suppressing the ability of an antibody to the alpha(5) subunit to enhance PG degradation, but were ineffective in blocking endotoxin or IL-1beta enhanced degradation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data implicate the alpha(5) integrin subunit in Fn-f mediated activities, consistent with a role for the alpha(5)beta(1) integrin in this pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Rush Medical College at Rush-Presbyterian-St Luke's Medical Center, 1653 West Congress Parkway, Chicago, Illinois 60612-3864, USA. ghomandb@rush.edu
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Homandberg
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ummadi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pichika
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D039482:Integrin alpha5; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D005353:Fibronectins; D039482:Integrin alpha5; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011509:Proteoglycans; D012333:RNA, Messenger