title: Anticonvulsants for neuropathic pain and detoxification.
abstract: It is now well demonstrated that several anticonvulsants have a role in the treatment of neuropathic pain and also in withdrawal from benzodiazepines, sedatives, and perhaps alcohol. Valproic acid, carbamazepine, gabapentin, clonazepam, and lamotrigine are appropriate treatments for neuropathic pain, effective to a degree dependent on the underlying pathophysiology. While less effective than newer agents, there are situations in which phenytoin remains useful. Currently, a limited understanding of both the processes responsible for pain and the specific effects of each agent prevents prediction of individual response to these drugs, often necessitating trials of several drugs before the best one is found. It is interesting that the anticonvulsant drugs most useful for neuropathic pain are the same ones effective in sedative withdrawal, bipolar disorder, and several anxiety disorders. Issues of neural hypersensitivity and kindling, therefore, may prove to be unifying concepts for these conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chronic Pain Rehabilitation, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Covington
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000588:Amines; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D000077206:Gabapentin; D006801:Humans; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D000077213:Lamotrigine; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014227:Triazines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000588:Amines; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D014227:Triazines; D002220:Carbamazepine; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D002998:Clonazepam; D014635:Valproic Acid; D010672:Phenytoin; D000077206:Gabapentin; D000077213:Lamotrigine