Are all beta blockers the same for heart failure?
Based on impressive morbidity and mortality data using beta blockers in heart failure, this therapy has now become part of the standard of care for patients with New York Heart Association II/III symptoms. The question remains whether there are clinically relevant differences between the beta blockers that have shown beneficial effects. This review summarizes the major mortality trials, and examines the smaller comparative trials of second and third generation beta blockers.
Kukin
M L
ML
The Zena and Michael Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029.