title: Tobacco industry surveillance of public health groups: the case of STAT (Stop Teenage Addiction to Tobacco) and INFACT (Infant Formula Action Coalition).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to describe how the tobacco industry collects information about public health groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Publicly available internal tobacco industry documents were reviewed and analyzed using a chronological case study approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The industry engaged in aggressive intelligence gathering, used intermediaries to obtain materials under false pretenses, sent public relations spies to the organizations' meetings, and covertly taped strategy sessions. Other industry strategies included publicly minimizing the effects of boycotts, painting health advocates as "extreme," identifying and exploiting disagreements, and planning to "redirect the funding" of tobacco control organizations to other purposes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Public health advocates often make light of tobacco industry observers, but industry surveillance may be real, intense, and covert and may obstruct public health initiatives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, School of Nursing, and Institute for Health Policy Studies, University of California, San Francisco, 94143-0936, USA. rmalone@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Ruth E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Malone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003254:Consumer Advocacy; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D008192:Deception; D004991:Ethics, Institutional; D006265:Health Care Coalitions; D006801:Humans; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D019982:Organizational Case Studies; D011634:Public Health; D011641:Public Relations; D012106:Research; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D019460:Tobacco Industry / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D014481:United States