title: Soluble endothelial adhesion molecules during paediatric cardiovascular surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Paediatric cardiovascular surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass induces a complex pattern of pro- and anti-inflammatory responses. It is suspected that they may contribute to changes on the vascular endothelium. The endothelial response to cardiosurgical trauma and cardiopulmonary bypass, especially in children, has yet to be well established.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 29 children undergoing cardiovascular surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass, comparing them with 21 not undergoing bypass. The groups did not differ significantly with respect to age, sex, weight and preoperative parameters. Blood samples were drawn 24 h before surgery, after onset of anaesthesia, after onset of cardiopulmonary bypass and after rewarming in those undergoing bypass, or immediately after surgery in the control group, 4 h and 2 days after surgery, at discharge, and months after surgery during out-patient follow-up. Serum levels of soluble E-selectin, P-selectin and P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 were measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Paediatric cardiovascular surgery leads perioperatively to the significant decreases of the serum levels of soluble P- and E-selectin, as well as of soluble P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (all p < 0.05). The time course, and all concentrations, of these molecules were not significantly different with and without bypass. The decreases, however, were more pronounced with cardiopulmonary bypass. Preoperative baseline values were reached months after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endothelial activation of release of adhesion molecules is reduced during paediatric cardiovascular surgery. Endothelial activity is more perturbed with cardiopulmonary bypass and for a long time after surgery.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Centre, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Charles' University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Osmancik
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hambsch
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bellinghausen
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tarnok
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012995:Solubility; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019040:E-Selectin; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019007:P-Selectin; C084882:P-selectin ligand protein