title: Inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase ameliorates apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide in the kidney tubule epithelial cells (NRK-52E).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis has been shown to be involved in ischemic and toxic tubular damage. Recent studies have revealed that oxidative stress can activate c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and the oxidative stress-JNK pathway is an important apoptotic pathway of cells exposed to various stresses. The present study was designed to investigate JNK activation and the effects of the JNK pathway inhibition during H2O2-induced apoptosis in kidney epithelial tubule cells (NRK-52E).
  
  
  METHODS
  NRK-52E cells were treated with 0-500 microM H2O2 and/or 100 microM quercetin (an inhibitor of the JNK pathway). Apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry analysis and DNA ladder. JNK activity was assessed by the GST-c-Jun (1-169) binding/protein kinase assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  H2O2 induced apoptosis in NRK-52E cells in a concentration-dependent manner, which was demonstrated by the reduced DNA PI staining, externalization of phosphatidylserine and DNA ladder. Apoptosis induced by H2O2 was accompanied by JNK activation and up-regulated JNK activity. Quercetin treatment suppressed the JNK activity and ameliorated apoptosis induced by H2O2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  H2O2 induced apoptosis in NRK-52E cells, which was associated with activation and up-regulation of JNK. Quercetin treatment could decrease JNK activity and ameliorate H2O2-induced apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yamanashi Medical University, Tamaho, Yamanashi, Japan. wangl@res.yamanashi-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: LiMing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kazumichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D011419:Propidium; D011794:Quercetin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D016877:Oxidants; D011419:Propidium; D011794:Quercetin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate