title: Atracurium and vecuronium block nicotine-induced carotid body chemoreceptor responses.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vecuronium depresses carotid body chemosensitivity during hypoxia. We hypothesized that this is caused by inhibition of cholinergic transmission of the carotid body.
  
  
  METHODS
  The carotid body with its sinus nerve was removed en bloc from thiopentone-anaesthetized adult male New Zealand rabbits and perfused in vitro with modified Tyrodes buffer solution at constant perfusion pressure, temperature, a buffer pH of 7.4 and normocapnia. Chemoreceptor discharge and spike frequencies (fx) were recorded from the whole sinus nerve after administration of 500 microg nicotine, given as duplicated controls and thereafter following 30 min perfusion of equipotent concentrations of atracurium (28.1 microM) or vecuronium(10 microM), after 30 min of neostigmine perfusion (9.2 microM) and finally after 30 min wash-out with buffer solution only. A short-lasting hypoxic test was performed before and at the end of the experimental period to confirm the responsiveness and validity of the preparation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Atracurium (n = 7) and vecuronium (n = 6) reduced chemoreceptor responses to nicotine by 70 +/- 30% and 66 +/- 19% (SEM) (P<0.05). Chemoreceptor discharges showed full recovery after neostigmine in the atracurium group and partial recovery in the vecuronium group (P<0.05). Finally, after wash-out the chemoreceptor responses to nicotine had fully recovered in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atracurium and vecuronium in equipotent concentrations block nicotine-induced chemoreceptor responses of the carotid body.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Karolinska Hospital and Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. Malin.Jonsson@ks.se
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Runold
authors.forename: S G E
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Lindahl
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Eriksson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001279:Atracurium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002344:Carotid Body / Q000187:drug effects*; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010477:Perfusion; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D001279:Atracurium; D009538:Nicotine; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide