title: Endothelial cell injury induced by preservation solutions: a confocal microscopy study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We evaluated the effects of standard preservation solutions on cultured human greater saphenous vein endothelial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endothelial cells (eight strains) were preincubated for 6 or 24 hours at 4 degrees C in Celsior, Euro-Collins, St. Thomas Hospital II, and University of Wisconsin solutions, reincubated in warm oxygenated culture medium 199, and observed up to 48 hours. Culture viability was assessed through cell counting and confocal microscopy of calcein loaded cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incubation in both Euro-Collins and St. Thomas, but not in Celsior or University of Wisconsin solutions, caused significant cells losses and diffuse morphological damages characterized by solution-specific distinctive alterations. Injury caused by 6-hour, but not by 24-hour treatment, was reversible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incubation with Celsior and University of Wisconsin solutions substantially preserved endothelial viability and proliferative capability. Conversely, a prolonged incubation in either Euro-Collins or St. Thomas solutions caused severe and potentially irreversible damage referable to the induction of, respectively, apoptotic or necrotic changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Centro Cardiologico-Fondazione I Monzino IRCCS, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alamanni
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Parolari
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Visigalli
authors.forename: Ovidio
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bussolati
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rubini
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sala
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bonati
authors.forename: Gian Carlo
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Gazzola
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Biglioli
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dall'Asta
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000633:toxicity*; D002452:Cell Count; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions