title: [Color vision defects in patients with arterial hypertension].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In view of the generally impaired vascular condition in patients with arterial hypertension, we were interested in their colour perception.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n = 35, f:m = 14:21, mean age 52 +/- 11 years) with arterial hypertension without damage in end-organs and normal subjects (n = 62, :m = 28:34, mean age 49 +/- 9 years) as a control group were included in this study. Exclusion criteria were other systemic or ophthalmological diseases. In addition to the ophthalmological examinations (visual acuity, refraction, intraocular pressure, slit lamp and fundus examination) the colour vision was tested by the colour arrangement test Roth 28-hue (E) desaturated under standard conditions: The background used was black cardboard, illuminated by two Osram fluorescent lamps (L36 W/12LDL Daylight) providing 2000 lux at the test table.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ophthalmological examinations in the patients and in the control group were normal. The patients with arterial hypertension had a significantly higher mean error score (median +/- mean absolute deviation 150 +/- 56, Mann-Witney U-test: p < 0.001) in the colour arrangement test than the control group (median +/- mean absolute deviation 72 +/- 53.4). A particular colour axis (blue-yellow or red-green) was not found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the ophthalmological examinations were normal we found a disturbed colour vision in patients with arterial hypertension. This has to be taken into account in colour vision testing to avoid diagnostic interferences between specifically ocular diseases (e.g. glaucoma) and arterial hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik der Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Erb
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schwartze
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Radermacher
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Winter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003119:Color Perception Tests; D003117:Color Vision Defects / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors