title: Elimination of errors caused by first-order aliasing in velocity encoded cine-MR measurements of postoperative jets after aortic coarctation: in vitro and in vivo validation.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate a velocity-encoded cine-MR (VEC-MR) sequence in measuring flow velocities up to two times the velocity encoding value (VENC) in a flow phantom and to validate the method for assessing poststenotic jet velocities in postoperative patients after aortic coarctation. In vitro, a flow phantom was used (0.5T; TR/TE: 51/8 ms, flip angle=30 degrees, FOV=280 mm, 128x256 matrix VENC 40 or 80 cm/s). On binary images, maximum flow velocities (V(max)) were calculated with a region of interest (ROI, 8 pixels). With aliasing, V(max) was calculated by VENC+(V(aliasing)). In vivo, 16 postoperative patients after aortic coarctation underwent double-oblique VEC-MR imaging through the aortic arch (ECG triggering, 16 phases/RR, TR=600-800 ms, flow-encoding cranio-caudal, VENC=2 m/s). Peak systolic velocities were measured and transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE) was performed. In vitro, there were excellent correlations for MR velocity measurements with and without aliasing ( r=0.99) and for true and MR-derived flow velocities ( r=0.99). In vivo, there was good correlation between VEC-MR and TTDE-assessed V(max) values in the aorta at the former coarctation site ( r=0.90, n=16). Aliasing occurred in 13 patients. VEC-MR is a useful modality for assessing jet velocities in the follow-up of patients after aortic coarctation. Despite of aliasing, accurate velocity measurements up to two times VENC are possible using binary images.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Vienna, Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Radiological Tumor Diagnosis; Währingergürtel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria. Christine.Henk@univie.ac.at
authors.forename: Christine B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Henk
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grampp
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schoder
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Klaar
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gomischek
authors.forename: Gerhard H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Mostbeck
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001017:Aortic Coarctation / Q000601:surgery*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011184:Postoperative Period