title: mdmx is a negative regulator of p53 activity in vivo.
abstract: Regulation of p53 protein activity is required for normal embryogenesis, tumor suppression, and cellular response to DNA damage. Here we report that loss of mdmx, a p53-binding protein, results in midgestational embryo lethality, a phenotype that is completely rescued by the absence of p53. Mice homozygous for both mdmx and p53 null mutations are viable and appear developmentally normal. Fibroblasts derived from embryos with reduced mdmx expression demonstrate a decreased growth rate and increased UV-induced apoptosis compared with wild-type cells and contain elevated levels of p53 and several p53 target proteins including the proapoptotic bax protein. These observations demonstrate that mdmx functions as a critical negative regulator of p53 in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Lexicon Genetics, Inc., 4000 Research Forest Drive, The Woodlands, TX 77381, USA.
authors.forename: Rick A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Finch
authors.forename: Dorit B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Donoviel
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Deon D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Freed
authors.forename: Ching-Yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Brian P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Zambrowicz
authors.forename: Ramiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramirez-Solis
authors.forename: Arthur T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Sands
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C497207:Mdm2 protein, mouse; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2