title: Disease reporting from an automated laboratory-based reporting system to a state health department via local county health departments.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors assessed the completeness of disease reporting from a managed care organization's automated laboratory-based reporting system to the California Department of Health Services (CDHS) via local public health departments.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors identified all positive laboratory tests for 1997 from the computerized database of Kaiser Permanente Northern California for seven infections for which there are statutory reporting requirements: Campylobacter jejuni, Chlamydia trachomatis, Cryptosporidium parvum, hepatitis A, Neisseria meningitidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Salmonella (N = 7,331 reports). Cases were then matched by computer query to records of cases reported to CDHS. To determine why cases were not found in CDHS records, a sample of un-matched cases was searched at two county health departments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 84.5% (95% CI 83.4, 85.6) of the laboratory reports submitted with accompanying demographic information were successfully matched with cases in the CDHS disease surveillance database. Frequency of matching for specific diseases ranged from 79.4% (95% CI 75.6, 83.3) for N. gonorrhoeae to 88.4% (95% CI 85.3, 91.6) for C. jejuni. Reports were more likely to be matched when the county of residence was the same as the county of the health care facility. At the county level, reasons for failure of cases to be forwarded to CDHS included: errors due to manual data entry, failure to forward information from the county of diagnosis to the county of residence, and incorrect disease coding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Automated laboratory-based reporting is highly effective, but some data are lost with off-line transfer of information. To optimize surveillance accuracy and completeness, reporting at all levels should be done via direct electronic data transfer.
authors.affiliation: Immunization Branch, Division of Communicable Disease Control, California Department of Health Services, Berkeley, CA 94704, USA. hbacker@dhs.ca.gov
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Backer
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Bissell
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Vugia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002140:California; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D016123:Campylobacter jejuni / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D002984:Clinical Laboratory Information Systems / Q000592:standards*; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018563:Disease Notification / Q000592:standards*; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D009111:Local Government; D008585:Meningitis, Meningococcal / Q000175:diagnosis; D009345:Neisseria meningitidis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011635:Public Health Administration / Q000592:standards*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D013219:State Government; D016636:Telefacsimile / Q000592:standards*