title: Ethical issues in pain management.
abstract: When pain and other forms of suffering at the end of life are undertreated, the problem is too readily attributed to ethical dilemnas. In fact, it is often due to clinician behaviors that are simply unethical, unprofessional and even unlawful. Nurses must be prepared to recognize and respond to these violations.
authors.affiliation: Management Information Systems, Claxton-Hepburn Medical Center, Ogdensburg, NY 13669, USA. ladukes@northweb.com
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: LaDuke
mesh_terms: D003657:Decision Making; D026690:Ethics, Clinical; D004993:Ethics, Nursing; D006801:Humans; D059408:Pain Management; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology; D013727:Terminal Care