title: Anti-tobacco advertisements by Massachusetts and Philip Morris: what teenagers think.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess teenagers' receptivity to anti-tobacco television advertisements produced by public health organisations and by tobacco companies. Reactions were examined as a function of the message type as well as the respondents' demographics and smoking status.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 1999 telephone survey of teenagers in households identified during a random digit dial survey of adults conducted during the prior four years. Respondents were asked to describe an ad they had seen in the past 30 days, and then to rate its perceived effectiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Respondents were 733 youth between the ages of 14 and 17 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  The most prominent anti-tobacco advertisements broadcast in Massachusetts during the time covered by the survey consisted of those produced by the Massachusetts Tobacco Control Program and those produced by the Philip Morris tobacco company. The ads described by respondents were grouped into four categories based on their sponsor and their approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Perceived effectiveness of anti-tobacco advertisements seen during the month before the survey as measured on an 11 point scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ads featuring the serious consequences of smoking were seen as significantly more effective by youth than both Massachusetts ads that did not discuss illness (p < 0.001) and Philip Morris "Think, Don't Smoke" ads (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Youth prevention programmes should not shy away from anti-tobacco ads that feature the serious consequences of smoking. These types of ads are the ones perceived as most effective by teenagers regardless of their smoking status, age, sex or ethnicity.
authors.affiliation: Center for Survey Research, University of Massachusetts-Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, MA 02125, USA. lois.biener@umb.edu
authors.forename: Lois
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Biener
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000329:Advertising; D001290:Attitude; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D019460:Tobacco Industry