title: Effect of muscarinic antagonists on micturition pressure measured by cystometry in normal, conscious rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish an in vivo model to screen new muscarinic antagonists for the treatment of overactive urinary bladder and to calculate the respective ID(50) values.
  
  
  METHODS
  The conscious rat cystometry model was modified to determine a complete dose-response curve in each animal. Spontaneous micturition was induced by infusion of room-temperature saline into rat bladders at a constant rate of 12 mL/hr. Cumulative doses of muscarinic antagonists administered in the femoral vein caused dose-dependent inhibition of the urinary bladder contraction measured as the micturition pressure. In addition, the in vitro pK(B) values for atropine, PNU-200577 (DD01), tolterodine, oxybutynin, and terodiline were determined in carbachol-contracted rat bladder strips.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rank order of the in vivo ID(50) values were atropine (14 +/- 4 nmol/kg), PNU-200577 (22 +/- 12 nmol/kg), tolterodine (94 +/- 20 nmol/kg), oxybutynin (175 +/- 89 nmol/kg), darifenacin (236 +/- 144 nmol/kg), desethyloxybutynin (313 +/- 209 nmol/kg), propiverine (4561 +/- 2079 nmol/kg), and terodiline (18,339 +/- 5348 nmol/kg). Tolterodine and PNU-200577 caused a parallel shift of the in vitro concentration-response curve to the right and did not alter the maximal contraction. The ID(50) values correlated significantly with the in vitro rat pK(B) and human bladder pA(2) values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results suggest that the rat cystometry model can be used in in vivo screening for new muscarinic antagonists.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Biovitrum, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ali Reza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Modiri
authors.forename: Pēteris
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alberts
authors.forename: Per Göran
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Gillberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D051381:Rats; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014554:Urination / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists