title: Effect of soaking, germination, cooking and fermentation on antinutritional factors in cowpeas.
abstract: The present work deals with the study of efficacy of some treatments, namely soaking (in water and bicarbonate solution), ordinary and pressure cooking, germination and fermentation in reducing or removal of antinutritional factors usually present in cowpeas (protease inhibitors, tannins, phytic acid and flatus-producing oligosaccharides (raffinose and stachyose). The results showed that long-time soaking (16 h) in bicarbonate solution caused remarkable reduction in the antinutritional factors. Pressure cooking was more effective than ordinary. Cooking pregerminated cowpeas was most effective. Fermentation completely removed trypsin inhibitor, oligosaccharides and reduced remarkably phytic acid. However, tannins noticeably increased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, 41522 Ismailia, Egypt.
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Habiba
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Shatta
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Embaby
mesh_terms: D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods; D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D018525:Germination; D009753:Nutritive Value; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis; D013634:Tannins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D009844:Oligosaccharides; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D013634:Tannins; D010833:Phytic Acid