title: Cancer chemopreventive and antioxidant activities of pterostilbene, a naturally occurring analogue of resveratrol.
abstract: Pterostilbene, a natural methoxylated analogue of resveratrol, was evaluated for antioxidative potential. The peroxyl-radical scavenging activity of pterostilbene was the same as that of resveratrol, having total reactive antioxidant potentials of 237 +/- 58 and 253 +/- 53 microM, respectively. Both compounds were found to be more effective than Trolox as free radical scavengers. Using a plant system, pterostilbene also was shown to be as effective as resveratrol in inhibiting electrolyte leakage caused by herbicide-induced oxidative damage, and both compounds had the same activity as alpha-tocopherol. Pterostilbene showed moderate inhibition (IC50 = 19.8 microM) of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, and was weakly active (IC50 = 83.9 microM) against COX-2, whereas resveratrol strongly inhibited both isoforms of the enzyme with IC50 values of approximately 1 microM. Using a mouse mammary organ culture model, carcinogen-induced preneoplastic lesions were, similarly to resveratrol, significantly inhibited by pterostilbene (ED50 = 4.8 microM), suggesting antioxidant activity plays an important role in this process.
authors.affiliation: Natural Products Utilization Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 8048, University, Mississippi 38677, USA. arimando@ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: Agnes M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rimando
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cuendet
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Desmarchelier
authors.forename: Rajendra G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pezzuto
authors.forename: Stephen O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Duke
mesh_terms: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028462:Cucumis / Q000737:chemistry; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000077185:Resveratrol; D026082:Singlet Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010545:Peroxides; D010636:Phenols; D013267:Stilbenes; D026082:Singlet Oxygen; C107773:pterostilbene; C049375:perhydroxyl radical; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000077185:Resveratrol