title: Fish oil containing phytosterol esters alters blood lipid profiles and left ventricle generation of thromboxane a(2) in adult guinea pigs.
abstract: This study was designed to investigate the lipid-lowering ability of a novel dietary ingredient composed of phytosterols esterified to (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) [PS(n-3)]. Adult guinea pigs were fed a test diet supplemented with PS(n-3) (25 g/kg) and corn oil (CO, 5 g/kg), whereas the diet fed to control guinea pigs was supplemented with CO only (30 g/kg). Cholesterol was added to both diets (0.8 g/kg). After 3-4 wk of consuming the diets, serum total cholesterol (TC) and triacylglycerol (TAG) in the PS(n-3) group were 36 and 29% lower, respectively, than levels in controls (P < 0.05). The lower TC levels in the PS(n-3) group reflected a 38% reduction in non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C), whereas the HDL-C concentration was unaffected. Analysis of cardiac left ventricle indicated that generation of the proaggregatory, arrhythmic eicosanoid, thromboxane A(2), was >60% lower in the PS(n-3)-supplemented guinea pigs than in CO controls (P < 0.001). This study demonstrates that the TAG-lowering and eicosanoid-modifying properties of the fish oil (n-3) PUFA are retained when they are provided in the diet in ester linkage with hypocholesterolemic phytosterols.
authors.affiliation: Ocean Nutrition Canada, Limited, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. sewart@ocean-nutrition.com
authors.forename: H Stephen
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Ewart
authors.forename: Laura K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kralovec
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Layton
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Jeffrey L C
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Mary G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D003314:Corn Oil; D004951:Esterification; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D008055:Lipids; D010840:Phytosterols; D014280:Triglycerides; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D003314:Corn Oil; D002784:Cholesterol