title: Doppler ultrasonography to aid diagnosis of orbital capillary haemangioma in neonates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To illustrate the use of Colour Doppler Ultrasonography to aid the differential diagnosis of orbital masses in neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three cases are reported of neonates presenting with undiagnosed orbital masses as isolated findings, causing lid swelling and proptosis and prompting a differential diagnosis of an orbital vascular lesion, rhabdomyosarcoma or other tumour. Colour Doppler Ultrasonography in expert hands using a small footprint linear 10-5 transducer proved an atraumatic, rapid and accurate way of confirming a vascular lesion at the first clinic visit. This reassured the family and ophthalmologist alike, and obviated the need for biopsy or cross sectional imaging requiring anaesthetic. All three lesions were orbital capillary haemangiomas with characteristic ultrasonographic findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Illustrations are provided to illustrate the features of the capillary haemangiomas when visualised with Colour Doppler Ultrasonography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of ultrasonography in very young infants can help exclude malignancy, without the need for cross sectional imaging or biopsy under anaesthetic. However, close observation remains mandatory. Repeat scanning is easily performed with no adverse effects, in potential contrast to other imaging modalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK. tramsinsleep@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Sleep
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fairhurst
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Manners
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Hodgkins
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D018324:Hemangioma, Capillary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009916:Orbital Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color