title: Nitrogen metabolism of beef steers fed endophyte-free tall fescue hay: effects of ruminally protected methionine supplementation.
abstract: Level of nitrogen (N) intake and ruminally protected methionine supplementation were evaluated in eight Angus growing steers (initial BW 253+/-21 kg, final BW 296+/-21 kg) in a replicated 4+/-4 Latin square design. The steers were fed two endophyte-free tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) hays that contained 2.2 (LO) or 2.8% (HI) of DM as N and were either supplemented or not with ruminally protected methionine (10 g metabolizable methionine/d). Diets were fed to provide adequate energy for 0.5 kg ADG and sufficient protein for maintenance (LO), or protein to support 0.5 kg ADG (HI). Following at least 14 d of adjustment, N balance was measured for 6 d. Isotopic urea was infused (15N15N-urea, 0.164 mmol urea N/h) via a jugular catheter for 56 h and urine was collected from 48 to 56 h to measure urea kinetics. Jugular blood was collected during the balance trial, and serum was analyzed for serum urea N (SUN). By design, daily N intake was greater (P < 0.05) for HI (112 g) than for LO (89 g). Compared with LO, steers when fed HI had greater (P < 0.05) daily DMI (4,217 vs 4,151 g), fecal N (34.4 vs 31.2 g), N digested (77.1 vs 57.7 g), urine N (48.3 vs 37.5 g), urine urea N excretion (34.6 vs 24.8 g), and N retained (29.8 vs 21.1 g). When fed HI steers also had higher (P < 0.05) urine urea N concentration (276 vs 219 mM), SUN (8.7 vs 6.7 mM), N digestibility (69.1 vs 64.9%), percentage of urinary N present as urea (71.5 vs 66.7%, P < 0.053), and rate of urea N production (59.6 vs 49.2 g/d) but lower (P < 0.05) percentage of urea N produced that was returned to the ornithine cycle (15.03 vs 19.2 1%) than when fed LO. Methionine supplementation decreased daily urine N (41.2 vs 44.6 g, P = 0.10) and increased both the amount of N retained daily (27.9 vs 23.7 g, P < 0.089) and the percentage of N digested that was retained (40.4 vs 34.6%, P < 0.094). In summary, supplemental methionine met a specific dietary limitation by increasing the amount of digested N that was retained by the steers.
authors.affiliation: Animal Science Department, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Archibeque
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Huntington
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D006109:Poaceae; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014508:Urea / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D014508:Urea; D008715:Methionine; D009584:Nitrogen