title: Prenatal diagnosis and postnatal outcome of cardiac rhabdomyomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the sonographic appearance of suspected fetal cardiac rhabdomyomas and their evolution until delivery and in the postnatal period.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 6 patients at 23-37 weeks of gestation referred to our Ultrasonic Unit, between March 1992 and December 1998, for suspected fetal cardiac rhabdomyomas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cardiac tumors were single in three cases and multiple in the other cases. The size ranged from 11 to 47 mm. In two cases the tumors arose from the right ventricle, in one case from the interventricular septum and in three cases from the left ventricle. Five infants are alive and in satisfactory hemodynamic compensation, but three of them developed tuberous sclerosis. In two infants a regression in the maximum diameter of the tumor masses has been observed. One child underwent surgical treatment at the age of six months and the baby died after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Two-dimensional and Doppler echocardiography are useful non invasive methods to diagnose fetal cardiac rhabdomyomas and to monitor their influence on the fetal cardiac function. However they do not allow us to recognize which fetuses presenting with features compatible with rhabdomyomas will develop tuberous sclerosis.
authors.affiliation: IV Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical School of Bari, Italy. v.daddario@gynecology4.uniba.it
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: D'Addario
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Di Naro
authors.forename: Antongiulio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Bianco
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Cagno
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Volpe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012207:Rhabdomyoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal