title: Health risks over the Internet: advice offered by "medical herbalists" to a pregnant woman.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate Internet advice offered by "medical herbalists" to a pregnant woman regarding herbal treatment of morning sickness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Search engines were used to find relevant Web sites and all potential e-mail addresses were contacted. Herbalists were asked for advice regarding three specific medicinal herbs: ginger, raspberry and juniper.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-three e-mail addresses were found and contacted. The response rate was 51%. Nineteen (45%) of all respondents recommended ginger, 9 (21%) of them without mentioning adverse effects. Seven (17%) respondents recommended taking raspberry; five (12%) without mentioning adverse effects. No respondent recommended taking juniper during pregnancy and 12 herbalists (29%) warned about using this herbal remedy during pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Advice about herbal medicine is readily available over the Internet. The advice offered is misleading at best and dangerous at worst. Potential Internet users should be made aware of these problems and ways of minimizing the risk should be found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Complementary Medicine, School of Postgraduate Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Exeter, 25 Victoria Park Road, Exeter EX2 4NT, U.K. E.Ernst@exeter.ac.uk
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ernst
authors.forename: Katja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006939:Hyperemesis Gravidarum / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D020407:Internet; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011247:Pregnancy; D012651:Self Medication / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D028321:Plant Preparations