title: Frequency, sensitivity, and specificity of individual signs of diverticulitis on thin-section helical CT with colonic contrast material: experience with 312 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to determine the frequency, sensitivity, and specificity of the individual signs of diverticulitis using helical CT with colonic contrast material.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 1997 and September 1999, 312 patients with suspected diverticulitis were examined on helical CT using rectally administered colonic contrast material. CT scans that were positive for diverticulitis or indeterminate were rereviewed by two radiologists; CT interpretations were correlated with patients' clinical courses and surgical findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred fourteen (37%) of the 312 CT scans were interpreted as positive for diverticulitis; 192 scans (61%), as negative; six scans (2%), as indeterminate. Of the 114 scans that were positive for diverticulitis, 109 (96%; sensitivity 96%, specificity 91%) showed bowel wall thickening; 108 (95%; sensitivity 96%, specificity 90%), fat stranding; 104 (91%; sensitivity 91%, specificity 67%), diverticula; 57 (50%; sensitivity 50%, specificity 100%), fascial thickening; 51 (45%; sensitivity 45%, specificity 97%), free fluid; 49 (43%; sensitivity 43%, specificity 100%), inflamed diverticula; 34 (30%; sensitivity 30%, specificity 100%), free air; 18 (16%; sensitivity 16%, specificity 100%), "arrowhead" signs; nine (8%; sensitivity 8%, specificity 99%), abscesses; four (4%; sensitivity 4%, specificity 100%,), phlegmons; five (4%; sensitivity 4%, specificity 99%), intramural air; two (2%; sensitivity 2%, specificity 100%), intramural sinus tracts. Overall CT interpretation had a sensitivity of 99%, a specificity of 99%, a positive predictive value of 99%, a negative predictive value of 99%, and an overall accuracy of 99%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two most frequent signs of diverticulitis were bowel wall thickening (96%) and fat stranding (95%). Less frequent but highly specific signs were fascial thickening (50%), free fluid (45%), and inflamed diverticula (43%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, 32 Fruit St., Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Moritz F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Kircher
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Rhea
authors.forename: Danylo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kihiczak
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Novelline
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003287:Contrast Media; D004238:Diverticulitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media