title: A prospective, double-blind, multicenter study comparing clarithromycin extended-release with trovafloxacin in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Treatment guidelines for community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) generally include use of a macrolide, a fluoroquinolone, or doxycycline, although there is some debate concerning the use of a fluoroquinolone.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy and tolerability of a new once-daily, extended-release (ER) formulation of clarithromycin were compared with those of a fluoroquinolone, trovafloxacin, in the treatment of patients with CAP.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group trial in which outpatients were randomized to receive 7 days of once-daily treatment with either clarithromycin ER (two 500-mg tablets) or trovafloxacin (200 mg). Eligible patients were > or = 18 years old with signs and symptoms of pneumonia, radiologic evidence of an acute infiltrate, and mild to moderate infection, as classified by the investigator.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred seventy-six patients were randomized to study treatment. They were primarily white (88%) and equally distributed between the sexes (52% female). Their mean (+/-SD) age was 47.5 +/- 16.2 years. Results were similar between treatment groups in rates of clinical cure, microbiologic cure, bacteriologic eradication, and radiologic success at the test-of-cure visit (14-21 days posttreatment) for both the per-protocol and intent-to-treat analyses. Among clinically evaluable patients, clinical cure rates for clarithromycin ER and trovafloxacin were 87% (74/85) and 95% (63/66), respectively, and radiologic success rates were 95% (80/84) and 95% (63/66), respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between groups. In clinically and microbiologically evaluable patients, overall bacteriologic eradication rates were 89% (85/95) for clarithromycin ER and 96% (64/67) for trovafloxacin, with no significant differences between groups. Both antibiotics demonstrated high eradication rates against target microorganisms. There were no clinically meaningful differences in the incidence of specific drug-related adverse events. The majority of drug-related adverse events (>90%) were considered mild or moderate and resolved without the need for additional treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the study was prematurely terminated, resulting in inadequate power to demonstrate equivalence, once-daily clarithromycin ER was effective and well tolerated in the treatment of ambulatory adult (age > or = 18 years) outpatients with CAP.
authors.affiliation: Health Research Institute, Newport Beach, California 92660, USA. HRinstitute@aol.com
authors.forename: William N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Sokol
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Acampora
authors.forename: Todd A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Busman
authors.forename: Gerard F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Notario
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009287:Naphthyridines; C080163:trovafloxacin; D017291:Clarithromycin