title: Effect of squalene monohydroperoxide on cytotoxicity and cytokine release in a three-dimensional human skin model and human epidermal keratinocytes.
abstract: In order to clarify that squalene monohydroperoxide (SQOOH) correlates with changes in morphology through cytotoxicity and establish in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity of lipid hydroperoxide, the effect of SQOOH on cytotoxicity and morphology in normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK(B)) and the Gunze three-dimensional cultured human skin model (Vitrolife-skin) was investigated. Additionally, the effect of radical scavengers (mannitol, vitamin C and (+)-catechin) on the cytotoxicity in Vitrolife-skin was studied. The level of lipid hydroperoxide (phoshatidylcholine hydroperoxide: PCOOH) in the cellular membrane was increased with the concentration of SQOOH, and the rise in cytotoxicitv in NHEK(B) was associated with changes to the cellular membrane. A concentration-dependent and protective effect on the increase in cytotoxicity and PCOOH content was observed. To clarify the effect of SQOOH on the release of cytokine from cells, IL-2 level from NHEK(B) and Vitrolife-skin were investigated. IL-2 release from the cells was enhanced by SQOOH and increased at a non-cytotoxic dose. These results suggest that the increase in lipid hydroperoxides resulting from the auto-oxidation of lipids within cellular membranes in the presence of SQOOH correlates with changes in morphology due to cytotoxicity. SQOOH enhanced the release from cells at a non-cytotoxic dose. A method for assessing the protective effect on the cytotoxicity of lipid hydroperoxides using cells would be useful for in vitro evaluation of the cytotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan. uchino@nihs.go.jp
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchino
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onodera
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ando
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003584:Cytological Techniques; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013185:Squalene / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007376:Interleukin-2; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D013185:Squalene; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; C022616:thiazolyl blue