title: Observer consistency in radiographic assessment of condylar resorption.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study evaluates interobserver and intraobserver agreement with respect to the determination of the shape and surface of the condylar head on panoramic views.
  
  
  METHODS
  Detailed frames (n = 632) were made from preoperative and postoperative panoramic views of 158 consecutive patients, who underwent orthognathic surgery. The intraobserver and interobserver agreement were calculated by using Cohen's kappa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By using Cohen's kappa, the intraobserver agreement was determined to be reasonable or good for surface and shape of the condyle. The interobserver agreement was mediocre or poor for surface and shape of the condyle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of the subjectivity of using panoramic views to determine the shape and surface of the condylar head, considerable interobserver disagreement is possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Márton A l
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vidra
authors.forename: Fred R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Rozema
authors.forename: Piet J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kostense
authors.forename: D Bram
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Tuinzing
mesh_terms: D001284:Atrophy; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000601:surgery; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015588:Observer Variation; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000601:surgery