title: Acyclo-retinoic acid induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells.
abstract: Acyclo-retinoic acid, a novel acyclic analogue of all-trans-retinoic acid, has been previously isolated as one of the in vitro oxidation products of lycopene. The effect of acyclo-retinoic acid on the growth of human prostate cancer cells was compared with those of the four retinoids: all-trans-retinoic acid, geranylgeranoic acid, 9-cis-retinoic acid and N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide. When prostate cancer cells, PC-3, DU 145 and LNCaP, were cultured in a retinoid-supplemented medium, acyclo-retinoic acid remarkably reduced the viability of the cells except for LNCaP. This effect was significantly higher than that of geranylgeranoic acid, all-trans-retinoic acid and 9-cis-retinoic acid, but was comparable to that of N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)retinamide. DNA fragmentations of nuclei in PC-3 and DU 145 cells treated with acyclo-retinoic acid were detected by in situ TUNEL assay. Furthermore, an apoptotic DNA ladder was observed in PC-3 cells. These results showed that acyclo-retinoic acid reduced cell viability by inducing apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresources Chemistry, Graduate School of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kotake-Nara
authors.forename: Seon-Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Masuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobori
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagao
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D012176:Retinoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D012176:Retinoids; C431913:acyclo-retinoic acid