title: Acetylcholine increases intracellular Ca2+ in taste cells via activation of muscarinic receptors.
abstract: Previous studies suggest that acetylcholine (ACh) is a transmitter released from taste cells as well as a transmitter in cholinergic efferent neurons innervating taste buds. However, the physiological effects on taste cells have not been established. I examined effects of ACh on taste-receptor cells by monitoring [Ca2+]i. ACh increased [Ca2+]i in both rat and mudpuppy taste cells. Atropine blocked the ACh response, but D-tubocurarine did not. U73122, a phospholipase C inhibitor, and thapsigargin, a Ca2+-ATPase inhibitor that depletes intracellular Ca2+ stores, blocked the ACh response. These results suggest that ACh binds to M1/M3/M5-like subtypes of muscarinic ACh receptors, causing an increase in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and subsequent release of Ca2+ from the intracellular stores. A long incubation with ACh induced a transient response followed by a sustained phase of [Ca2+]i increase. In Ca2+-free solution, the sustained phases disappeared, suggesting that Ca2+ influx is involved in the sustained phase. Depletion of Ca2+ stores by thapsigargin alone induced Ca2+ influx. These findings suggest that Ca2+ store-operated channels may be present in taste cells and that they may participate in the sustained phase of [Ca2+]i increase. Immunocytochemical experiments indicated that the M1 subtype of muscarinic receptors is present in both rat and mudpuppy taste cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA. togura@lamar.colostate.edu
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogura
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D009337:Necturus; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D043643:Receptor, Muscarinic M1; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043642:Receptor, Muscarinic M5; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013650:Taste Buds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D043643:Receptor, Muscarinic M1; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043642:Receptor, Muscarinic M5; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D000109:Acetylcholine; D002118:Calcium