title: Biodegradation of triazine herbicides on polyvinylalcohol gel plates by the soil yeast Lipomyces starkeyi.
abstract: The soil yeast Lipomyces starkeyi was tested for its ability to degrade triazine herbicides. Polyvinylalcohol (PVA) was employed as a solid medium in culture plates instead of agar. The cell sizes of the control (without nitrogen source) on the PVA gel plate were much smaller than those on the agar gel plate. The difference between the diameters of the sample and control colonies on the PVA gel plate were almost twice those of the colonies on the agar gel plate (1.9 and 1.0 mm, respectively). Thus, the PVA gel plate is much better than the agar plate for evaluating the degree of utilization of a sole nitrogen source. The yeast grew well (more than 4 mm in diameter) with 1,3,5-triazine or cyanuric acid as nitrogen source. In addition, melamine and thiocyanuric acid inhibited growth of the yeast, and the sizes of colonies were smaller than those of the control. All triazine herbicides tested (simazine, atrazine, cyanazine, ametryn, and prometryn) could be degraded and assimilated by L. starkeyi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Engineering, Yamanashi University, Kofu, Yamanashi 400-8511, Japan. nisimura@ab11.yamanashi.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagomi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takiguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naganuma
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uzuka
mesh_terms: D000362:Agar; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D006540:Herbicides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D004718:Saccharomycetales / Q000378:metabolism*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014227:Triazines
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D014227:Triazines; D000362:Agar; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol