title: The association between fetal and maternal sleep patterns in third-trimester pregnancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to investigate the association between fetal heart rate and maternal electroencephalogram patterns during overnight sleep.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected prospectively between December 1, 1999, and June 30, 2001. Initially, the participating patients were asked to complete a 66-question survey for the assessment of maternal perception of sleep quality that was referred to as the sleep disturbance score: a continuous score from 0 (no evidence of sleep disturbance) to 110 (extreme sleep disturbance). Second, a subgroup of patients was monitored overnight by concomitant fetal heart rate and maternal electroencephalogram tracings. Statistical analysis included the Student t test, chi2 test, logistic regression, and Cramer's V contingency correlation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred two singleton pregnancies formed the study population. The mean sleep disturbance score was 26.7 +/- 9.9. Maternal age was the only variable that correlated with sleep disturbance score. A subgroup of 11 patients was studied overnight. A significant correlation between active fetal sleep and maternal wakefulness was demonstrated in 6 patients. The mean sleep disturbance score for these patients was significantly higher than for patients without such correlation (P =.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study establishes an association between fetal activity and maternal wakefulness, which explains many of the maternal awakenings during sleep in the third trimester.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Worth
authors.forename: C I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Onyeije
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferber
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pondo
authors.forename: M Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Divon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000502:physiology*; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D006801:Humans; D008423:Maternal Age; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000502:physiology*; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology