title: Heart failure accompanied by sick euthyroid syndrome and exercise training.
abstract: Sick euthyroid syndrome is defined as the decrease of serum free triiodothyronine with normal free L-thyroxin and thyrotropin. Its appearance in patients with chronic heart failure is an indicator of severity. Exercise training through a wide variety of mechanisms reverses sick euthyroid syndrome (normalization of free triiodothyronine levels) and improves the ability to exercise. There is a connection during exercise among dyspnea, hyperventilation, fatigue, catecholamines, a decrease in the number and function of beta-blocker receptors, and elevation of serum free triiodothyronine. It is not known whether sick euthyroid syndrome contributes to the development of heart failure or is only an attendant syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Coronary Unit of 2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration Hospital of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece. dpsyro@hellasnet.gr
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Psirropoulos
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lefkos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boudonas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Efthimiadis
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vogas
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keskilidis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tsapas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016279:Atrial Function, Left / Q000502:physiology; D005067:Euthyroid Sick Syndromes / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000097:blood; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D014284:Triiodothyronine; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013974:Thyroxine