Antioxidant superoxide dismutase - a review: its function, regulation in the testis, and role in male fertility.
Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD(EX)), an antioxidant enzyme, was found to be present in the testis at a relatively high concentration versus other organs. In a more detailed survey of several rat tissues and cells by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, it was shown that germ cells expressed approximately one-third that of Sertoli cells, suggesting both cell types are equipped with the machinery needed to defend themselves from radical-induced damage. When we used an in vitro model in which germ cells were co-cultured with Sertoli cells at a Sertoli:germ cell ratio of 1:1, we failed to detect any changes in the mRNA level of SOD(EX). However, the addition of increasing concentrations of germ cell secretory proteins into Sertoli cell cultures resulted in a decrease in Sertoli cell SOD(EX) expression, illustrating that germ cells can indeed regulate Sertoli cell SOD(EX). On the other hand, Sertoli cell SOD(EX) expression was stimulated when human recombinant interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha), a germ cell product, was included into Sertoli cells in vitro. These results, taken collectively, suggest SOD(EX) is an important antioxidant molecule in the testis that is under germ cell regulation.
Mruk
Dolores D
DD
Population Council, Center for Biomedical Research, New York, NY, USA. mruk@popcbr.rockefeller.edu
Silvestrini
Bruno
B
Mo
Meng-yun
MY
Cheng
C Yan
CY
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D005298:Fertility; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012708:Sertoli Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D013737:Testis / Q000201:enzymology*
D000975:Antioxidants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase