title: Characterization of novel cell lines established from three human oral squamous cell carcinomas.
abstract: Human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (KOSCC-11, -25A, -25B, -25C, -25D, -25E, -33A, and -33B) were established by explantation culture from these oral squamous cell carcinomas. The histopathology of the primary tumors, in vitro growth characteristics, epithelial origin, in vitro anchorage-independency, in vivo tumorigenicity, the frequency of human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, and the status of proto-oncogenes, tumor suppressor genes, DNA mismatch repair genes, and microsatellite instability were investigated in the cell lines. KOSCC-11 is a well-differentiated oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) derived from mandibular gingiva. KOSCC-25A, -25B, -25C, -25D, and -25E cell lines were derived from the same OSCC. KOSCC-33A and -33B were established from the same tumor that originated from the maxillary sinus. All tumor lines studied grew as monolayers and showed: i) epithelial origin by the presence of desmosome and keratin; ii) in vitro anchorage-independent growth ability; and iii) tumorigenic potential in nude mice. The cancer cell lines did not contain HPV DNA and did not express viral genes. Northern blot analysis revealed: i) overexpression of EGFR in four cell lines, ii) overexpression of c-H-ras in four cell lines, iii) overexpression of c-myc in three cell lines, iv) decreased expression of TGF-alpha in seven cell lines, and v) decreased expression of c-jun in five cancer cell lines compared with normal human oral keratinocytes. In all KOSCC cell lines and their corresponding tumor tissues, mutations were identified in highly-conserved functional regions of the p53 gene. The KOSCC-11 cell line contained a frameshift mutation and the other cell lines harbored an identical p53 mutation at codon 175 from CGC (Arg) to CTC (Leu). In five cell lines, a significant reduction of p21WAF1/Cip1 protein was evident. Cancer cell lines expressed higher level of Rb protein than normal human oral keratinocytes. DCC, a tumor suppressor gene, was not detected in KOSCC-25C. The KOSCC-33A cell line displayed microsatellite instability and showed a loss of hMSH2 expression. These well-characterized human OSCC cell lines should serve as useful tools for understanding the biological characteristics of oral cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biochemistry, College of Dentistry Seoul National University, Korea.
authors.forename: Gene
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Youn-Bae
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myung-Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ki-Hyuk
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Young Suk
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Jae-Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Pill-Hoon
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Choung
authors.forename: Byung-Hwa
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Hyun
authors.forename: Byung-Moo
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Min
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D001483:Base Sequence; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016163:Genes, DCC; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C501486:MLH1 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C497172:MSH2 protein, human; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D051718:MutS Homolog 2 Protein