title: [Cytokines induced by experimental anti-tetanus immunization. Vaccine formulation effect].
abstract: Several factors are involved in the selective activation of T helper 1 or T helper 2 cells, such as the type of antigen-presenting cells involved in the immune response and the different physical characteristics of antigens. The aim of this work was to evaluate if adding other antigens to tetanus toxoid modifies the original immune response. BALB/c mice were immunized with tetanus and diphtheria toxoids associated with whole-cell Bordetella pertussis (DTPw vaccine), B. pertussis soluble antigens (DTPa vaccine) or Salmonella typhi plus DTPa (DTPaSt vaccine). DTPw and DTPaSt immunization induced a T helper 1/T helper 2 (Th1/Th2) anti-tetanus response with gamma interferon and interleukin 5 production. DTPa immunization induced a Th2 response with production of interleukin 5 and interleukin 6. Only DTPw vaccine induced higher levels of IL-12 in non-immunized mice. Our findings indicate that the co-injection of whole-cell antigens such as B. pertussis or S. typhi, modifies the anti-tetanus response shifting it from Th2 to Th1 type. However, the original Th2 immune response is not modified when the vaccine consists only of soluble antigens.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Estudios de la Inmunidad Humoral, IDEHU (CONICET/UBA), Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mateo
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lavigne
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deluchi
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Atzori
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Piudo
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Brero
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manghi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D017778:Vaccines, Combined
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D015721:Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine; D015848:Interleukin-5; D015850:Interleukin-6; D017778:Vaccines, Combined; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma