title: Subcellular immunolocalization of NMDA receptor subunit NR1, 2A, 2B in the rat vestibular periphery.
abstract: The immunohistochemical localization of the NMDA glutamate receptor subunits NR1, NR2A, and NR2B was investigated in the rat vestibular periphery at the light and electron microscopy level using specific antipeptide antibodies. The afferent calyceal terminals and nerve fibers innervating type I vestibular hair cells were strongly NR1, NR2A, and NR2B immunoreactive. Under electron microscopy, the basolateral type I hair cell membrane was NR1 immunoreactive. The type II hair cell and its afferent boutons were NR1, NR2A, and NR2B non-immunoreactive. Nearly all of Scarpa's ganglion neurons were NR1 immunoreactive, but there was a subset of NR2A non-immunoreactive neurons. Additionally, the larger sized Scarpa's ganglia neurons were NR2B immunoreactive, while the smaller neurons were non-immunoreactive. These findings are strong evidence for functional NMDA receptor mediation or modulation of afferent excitatory neurotransmission from type I but not type II vestibular hair cells to the primary afferent nerve. The receptor subtype(s) may be a combination of NR1/NR2A, NR1/NR2B, and/or NR1/NR2A/NR2B.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Gail
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Dora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Acuna
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000502:physiology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D018069:Hair Cells, Vestibular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism*; D012444:Saccule and Utricle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012665:Semicircular Canals / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D014725:Vestibular Nerve / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: C409466:NR1 NMDA receptor; C120997:NR2A NMDA receptor; C121001:NR2B NMDA receptor; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D018698:Glutamic Acid