title: Assessment of coronary function in children with a history of Kawasaki disease using (15)O-water positron emission tomography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary abnormalities after Kawasaki disease (KD) may be associated with endothelial dysfunction due to intimal hypertrophy. The purpose of this study was to evaluate myocardial flow reserve (MFR) and endothelial function in regressed aneurysmal regions after KD. Methods and Results- Subjects were 12 patients aged 16.0+/-2.6 years who suffered from KD at 1.7+/-1.5 years and 12 normal subjects aged 26.5+/-3.4 years. MFR and endothelial function were estimated, respectively, by changes in myocardial blood flow (MBF) during ATP infusion and by that during cold pressor test using (15)O-water positron emission tomography. Data from 24 regressed aneurysmal regions were compared with those from the corresponding regions (n=36) in the control group. Although the MBF at rest in the regressed aneurysmal regions was similar to that in controls, the MBF at a hyperemic state induced by ATP infusion in the regressed aneurysmal regions was significantly lower than that in the control regions. Therefore, the MFR in regressed aneurysmal regions was significantly lower than that in controls (3.53+/-0.95 versus 4.60+/-1.14; P<0.05). MBF at rest and during the cold pressor test did not change in the control regions, but it was significantly reduced in regressed aneurysmal regions. The ratio of MBF during the cold pressor test to MBF at rest was significantly lower in regressed aneurysmal regions than in control regions (0.67+/-0.15 versus 1.00+/-0.15; P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MFR and endothelial function are often impaired in regressed aneurysmal regions after KD, and tomography enables the noninvasive evaluation of coronary function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Furuyama
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Odagawa
authors.forename: Chietsugu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwado
authors.forename: Keiichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noriyasu
authors.forename: Megumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mabuchi
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuge
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Nagara
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tamaki
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003080:Cold Temperature; D003323:Coronary Aneurysm / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D014655:Vascular Resistance; D014666:Vasomotor System / Q000503:physiopathology; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes; D014867:Water; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate