Massive transfusion in dogs: 15 cases (1997-2001).
OBJECTIVE
To determine clinical characteristics of dogs that received massive transfusion and identify the underlying diseases, complications, and outcomes.


METHODS
Retrospective study.


METHODS
15 dogs.


METHODS
Medical records of dogs receiving a massive blood transfusion were evaluated for transfusion volume, underlying disease process or injury, benefits and complications of transfusion, and outcome. A massive transfusion was defined as transfusion of a volume of blood products in excess of the patient's estimated blood volume (90 ml/kg [40 ml/lb]) in a 24-hour period or transfusion of a volume of blood products in excess of half the patient's estimated blood volume in a 3-hour period.


RESULTS
Six dogs had intra-abdominal neoplasia resulting in hemoabdomen, 3 had suffered a traumatic incident resulting in hemoabdomen, and 6 had non-traumatic, non-neoplastic blood loss. Mean volumes of packed RBC and fresh-frozen plasma administered were 66.5 ml/kg (30 ml/lb) and 22.2 ml/kg (10 ml/lb), respectively. All dogs evaluated developed low ionized calcium concentrations and thrombocytopenia. Transfusion reactions were recognized in 6 dogs. Four dogs survived to hospital discharge.


CONCLUSIONS
Results suggest that massive transfusion is possible and potentially successful in dogs. Predictable changes in electrolyte concentrations and platelet count develop.
Jutkowitz
L Ari
LA
Department of Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA.
Rozanski
Elizabeth A
EA
Moreau
Jennifer A
JA
Rush
John E
JE
D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000662:veterinary*; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000032:analysis; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D010976:Platelet Count / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary
D004573:Electrolytes