title: The enhancement of pipemidic acid permeation into the pig urinary bladder wall.
abstract: The influence of interactions between polycarbophil and calcium on a model drug permeation into the pig urinary bladder wall was investigated. Pipemidic acid was used as a model drug. One percent w/v polycarbophil dispersion significantly increases the permeation of pipemidic acid into the urinary bladder wall. The enhanced absorption of pipemidic acid caused by polycarbophil is significantly less pronounced in polycarbophil dispersions containing calcium. The enhancement of pipemidic acid permeation into the urinary bladder wall could be due to the opening of tight junctions, which causes higher paracellular permeability. In the case of polycarbophil dispersion with calcium some carboxylic groups of polymer are already occupied with calcium, present in the dispersions. As a consequence extracellular calcium binds to polycarbophil in lower extent if compared with polycarbophil dispersion without calcium and transport is increased to a lesser degree. We concluded that the mechanism of drug absorption enhancement caused by polycarbophil could be similar for urinary bladder as described in the literature for intestinal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Askerceva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kerec
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Svigelj
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bogataj
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mrhar
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008954:Models, Biological; D010876:Pipemidic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013552:Swine; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000378:metabolism; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C030312:calcium polycarbophil; D010876:Pipemidic Acid; D002118:Calcium