title: Type 2 diabetes is not a risk factor for asymptomatic ischemic brain lesion--the Funagata study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to clarify whether type 2 diabetes (DM) is a risk factor for asymptomatic (silent) ischemic brain lesion, which is controversial at present.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects (n=187), who showed normal results on both neurological and neuropsychological examinations, underwent a 75-g OGTT and were examined by brain MRI on T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and FLAIR (fluid-attenuated inversion recovery) images. Their brain MRIs were evaluated quantitatively with the ischemia rating scale defined here. The subjects were grouped based on their glucose tolerance: normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (n=48), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (n=62), and DM (n=65). The subjects with DM were further divided based on their duration of illness: 20 with short duration (short DM: 1.3+0.8 years) and 45 with long duration (long DM; 8.9+/-5.4 years). Ages were matched among the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentages of individuals with asymptomatic ischemic brain lesion were 81% in NGT, 74% in IGT, 65% in short DM, and 78% in long DM. No significant difference was observed among the groups in terms of the percentage. Namely, even in individuals with a long history of DM without clinical stroke, the prevalence of asymptomatic ischemic brain lesion was not different from that of the other groups. Multiple regression and multiple logistic regression analyses showed that age and hypertension were significant independent risk factors for asymptomatic ischemic brain lesion, whereas hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and glucose intolerance, including IGT, short DM and long DM, were not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DM is not a risk factor for asymptomatic ischemic brain lesion.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Yamagata University School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Tamotsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daimon
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hosoya
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawanami
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tominaga
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors