title: [Ocular sarcoidosis. Retrospective study of 18 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the clinical and epidemiological characteristics, diagnostic and therapeutic methods, and the final visual outcome of a group of patients with ocular sarcoidosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study of 18 patients diagnosed of ocular sarcoidosis between March 1989 and May 1999. In every patient the following data were obtained: age, sex, bilaterality, initial and final visual outcome, systemic and ocular manifestations, stage of chest x-ray, serum markers, gallium scan, results of biopsy, medical and surgical treatment, and complications of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age at onset was 49.7 years (S.D. 19.9). Fourteen patients (77.8%) were female and 4 (22.2%) were male. The average follow-up time was 40.3 months (S.D. 28.7). Nine patients (50.0%) underwent a biopsy. The presence of non-caseating granulomata was observed in 7 (77.8%). Gallium scanning was positive in 16 cases (88.8%). The most frequent ocular manifestation was panuveitis (40.0%). Among the 30 eyes studied, conjunctival involvement was found in 10 (33.3%), secondary cataracts in 9 (30.0%), and secondary glaucoma in 6 (20.0%). Eleven patients (61.1%) were treated with oral corticosteroids and 10 (55,5%) with cyclosporine A. When sarcoidosis was diagnosed, 11 eyes (36.6%) had a visual acuity better than 0.6. At the end of the follow-up, the final visual outcome was better than 0.6 in 17 eyes (56.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An adequate control of ocular inflammation may improve the prognosis in patients with ocular sarcoidosis. Posterior segment involvement (posterior uveitis, macular edema or epiretinal membrane) may be associated with a worse visual prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario de Valladolid, Instituto Universitario de Oftalmobiología Aplicada (IOBA), Universidad de Valladolid, España.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dios Castro
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Herreras Cantalapiedra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calonge Cano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osés
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D015866:Uveitis, Posterior / Q000175:diagnosis; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D003524:Cyclosporins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents
vernacular_title: Sarcoidosis ocular. Estudio retrospectivo de 18 casos.