title: Validity and responsiveness of the euroqol as a measure of health-related quality of life in people enrolled in an AIDS clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Brief utility measures are needed in clinical trials in addition to existing descriptive measures of health-related quality of life (HRQOL). We examined the reliability and validity of the EuroQol (EQ-SD) and MOS-HIV and their responsiveness to HIV-related clinical events.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects with advanced HIV disease (CD4 < 100) were enrolled in a randomized trial for CMV prophylaxis (n = 990). The EQ-5D includes a weighted sum of five domains (EQ-5D Index) and a visual analog scale (EQ-VAS). The MOS-HIV has 10 subscales and physical (PHS) and mental health summary scores (MHS). Construct validity of the EQ-5D was tested based on hypothesized relationships to subscales of the MOS-HIV. Relative precision and responsiveness to adverse experiences and opportunistic infections (Ols) were compared for the two instruments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of the patients was 38, 94% were male, 80% white, and 7% had injected drugs. Mean baseline scores for EQ-5D Index and EQ-VAS were 0.80 and 76.0, respectively, 28 and 4% reported maximum scores. Mean MOS-HIV subscales score ranged from 55 (role) to 84 (cognitive); mean PHS and MHS were 47.4 and 49.5, respectively. Correlations between MOS-HIV subscales and EQ-5D Index ranged from 0.45 (role) to 0.63 (pain); correlations with EQ-VAS ranged from 0.33 (cognitive) to 0.66 (health perceptions). Correlations between MOS-HIV PHS and MHS with EQ-5D Index were 0.61 and 0.58; and with EQ-VAS, 0.57 and 0.60, respectively. Responsiveness to adverse experiences was highest for MOS-HIV pain and PHS (effect sizes = 0.9 and 0.4); pain had the highest relative precision (2.4) for adverse experiences: EQ-VAS had the greatest relative precision (1.6) for developing an OI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In these patients with advanced HIV disease. EQ-5D showed good construct validity, but there may be a ceiling effect for its EQ-5D Index component. EQ-5D was less responsive to adverse events than the MOS-HIV. However, the EQ-VAS was most sensitive to developing an OI and is likely to be a useful measure of HRQOL for generating QALYs in cost-utility studies involving patients with advanced HIV disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205-2690, USA. awu@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Frick
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Revicki
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Freedberg
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scott-Lennox
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feinberg
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires