title: Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux in subjects with a breathing sleep disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A link between gastroesophageal reflux (GER) and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been suggested; however, the prevalence and frequency of symptomatic GER and the influence of OSA severity on GER are not known.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seventy-one subjects referred for overnight sleep studies were investigated for subjects with a breathing sleep disorder, occurrence of symptomatic GER, potential risk factors for both conditions, and comorbidity using a validated questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 160 of the 228 respondents (73%; 135 subjects with OSA and 93 subjects who snore) reported GER-related symptoms, with heartburn and/or acid regurgitation being the leading symptoms. No evidence of a difference in the occurrence of symptomatic GER between subjects who snore and subjects with OSA was observed (odds ratio [OR], 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.7 to 2.1). Furthermore, the occurrence of reflux symptoms was not influenced by the severity of OSA (OR per 10 4% arterial oxygen saturation [SaO(2)] dips per hour, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.8 to 1.1). Self-reported comorbidity was higher in subjects with OSA compared with subjects who snore (p = 0.02), but none of the potential risks produced an association with the presence of reflux symptoms in this sample of patients with a breathing sleep disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that symptomatic GER is common in subjects with a breathing sleep disorder, but there was no difference between those with OSA and subjects who snore.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Medicine, The Middlesex Hospital, University College London Hospitals, UK.
authors.forename: Arschang
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valipour
authors.forename: Himender K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Makker
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Emegbo
authors.forename: Tudor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toma
authors.forename: Stephen G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Spiro
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000150:complications*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires