title: Bioactivity of alkamides isolated from Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench.
abstract: Alkamides from the roots of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench were examined for anti-inflammatory activity in an in vitro model system. Cyclooxygenase-I (COX-I) and cyclooxygenase-II (COX-II) inhibitory activities were assessed at pH 7 for alkamides isolated from E. purpurea roots to compare inhibitory activities between the two cyclooxygenase isozymes. At 100 microg/ml, several E. purpurea alkamides inhibited COX-I and COX-II enzymes in the range of 36-60% and 15-46%, respectively, as compared to controls. Mosquitocidal activity was assessed at 100 and 10 microg/ml, with 100% mortality against Aedes aegyptii L. larvae noted for several E. purpurea alkamides at 100 microg/ml.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Clifford
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rana
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Dewitt
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects; D000577:Amides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000068579:Celecoxib; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020900:Echinacea; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000187:drug effects; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009288:Naproxen / Q000494:pharmacology; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000187:drug effects; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013450:Sulfones
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D007783:Lactones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013450:Sulfones; C116926:rofecoxib; D009288:Naproxen; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000068579:Celecoxib; D001241:Aspirin; D007052:Ibuprofen