title: [Cervicovaginal infection as a risk factor for premature labor].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the possible association between cervicovaginal infections (CVI) and preterm delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohorts. REFERENCE FRAME: Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Hospital Central Militar and Hospital General Regional No. 1, IMSS, Culiacán, Sinaloa, México.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred and sixty eight patients attending prenatal control and delivery care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fresh smears, Gram stain, and cervicovaginal sample culture from samples obtained during the following gestational stages: First sample at 16-24 weeks, second sample at 25-32 weeks, and third sample at 33-42 weeks. The following microorganisms were studied: Candida albicans, Gardnerella vaginalis, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Streptococcus agalactiae, Mycoplasma hominis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Listeria monocytogenes, and Chlamydia trachomatis. In case of a positive culture, the specific treatment was indicated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Positive or negative culture for each of the studied pathogens, and the presence or absence of a preterm delivery for each of the patients included in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred and ninety eight were still present at the end of the study, of which 156 had a CVI and 242 had no CVI. No differences between both groups were observed concerning preterm delivery. Significant relative risks were: In the first stage, Ureaplasma urealyticum and Mycoplasma hominis with RR = 9.0 (6.81, 11.8); in the second stage, Ureaplasma urealyticum with RR = 6.2 (3.30, 11.7) and Escherichia coli with RR = 3.4 (1.33, 8.6); in the third stage, Ureaplasma urealyticum with RR = 9.19 (6.93, 12.1). The logistic regression analysis identified Ureaplasma urealyticum during the second stage with OR = 16.6 (2.9, 93.7), statistically significant with p = 0.001. The survival analysis showed differences between the two groups concerning pregnancy duration (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a difference in the duration in pregnancy in patients with CVI and without CVI. Ureaplasma urealyticum is consistently associated with preterm delivery.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Perinatología, Hospital General Regional No. 1, Culiacán, Sinaloa.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beltrán Montoya
authors.forename: Marco Antonio
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Avila-Vergara
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vadillo-Ortega
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hernández-Guerrero
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peraza-Garay
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olivares-Morales
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000382:microbiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D012307:Risk Factors; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D014623:Vaginal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*
vernacular_title: Infección cervicovaginal como factor de riesgo para parto pretérmino.