Adult and childhood leukemia near a high-power radio station in Rome, Italy.
Some recent epidemiologic studies suggest an association between lymphatic and hematopoietic cancers and residential exposure to high-frequency electromagnetic fields (100 kHz to 300 GHz) generated by radio and television transmitters. Vatican Radio is a very powerful station located in a northern suburb of Rome, Italy. In the 10-km area around the station, with 49,656 residents (in 1991), leukemia mortality among adults (aged >14 years; 40 cases) in 1987-1998 and childhood leukemia incidence (eight cases) in 1987-1999 were evaluated. The risk of childhood leukemia was higher than expected for the distance up to 6 km from the radio station (standardized incidence rate = 2.2, 95% confidence interval: 1.0, 4.1), and there was a significant decline in risk with increasing distance both for male mortality (p = 0.03) and for childhood leukemia (p = 0.036). The study has limitations because of the small number of cases and the lack of exposure data. Although the study adds evidence of an excess of leukemia in a population living near high-power radio transmitters, no causal implication can be drawn. There is still insufficient scientific knowledge, and new epidemiologic studies are needed to clarify a possible leukemogenic effect of residential exposure to radio frequency radiation.
Michelozzi
Paola
P
Department of Epidemiology, Local Health Authority RME, Rome, Italy. salute@asplazio.it
Capon
Alessandra
A
Kirchmayer
Ursula
U
Forastiere
Francesco
F
Biggeri
Annibale
A
Barca
Alessandra
A
Perucci
Carlo A
CA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007938:Leukemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D011846:Radio Waves / Q000009:adverse effects; D012384:Rome / Q000453:epidemiology