title: Reproducibility of pulsed Doppler measurements of the maternal renal circulation in normal pregnancies and those with pregnancy-induced hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the inter- and intraobserver reproducibilities of pulsed Doppler measurements of the maternal renal circulation in normal pregnancies and those affected by pregnancy-induced hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  Color and pulsed Doppler ultrasound was used to measure acceleration time and resistance index in the renal segmental and interlobar arteries. For the investigation of interobserver reproducibility, two sonographers performed measurements blindly in six normal pregnant women and 14 women with pregnancy-induced hypertension between 28 and 36 weeks' gestation. A second group of 10 patients between 30 and 35 weeks' gestation were examined by one sonographer to assess the level of intraobserver reproducibility of measurements. For each patient in this group, the flow waveform was measured three times in succession. Calculations of the intraclass correlation coefficient Ri were used to determine the level of reproducibility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The interobserver Ri and intraobserver Ri for acceleration time in the segmental artery were 0.95 and 0.96 and for the interlobar artery they were 0.97 and 0.98, respectively. For the resistance index, these values were 0.01 and 0.01 in the segmental artery and 0.52 and 0.29 in the interlobar artery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both the inter- and intraobserver reproducibility of acceleration time measurements in the renal segmental and interlobar arteries were clinically acceptable but the equivalent reproducibilities of resistance index measurements were poor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo, Japan. nakai-3@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oya
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asakura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koshino
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Araki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D015588:Observer Variation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012079:Renal Circulation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018617:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Pulsed; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal