title: New techniques on embryo manipulation.
abstract: For many years, experience has been accumulated on embryo and gamete manipulation in livestock animals. The present work is a review of these techniques and their possible application in human embryology in specific cases. It is possible to manipulate gametes at different levels, producing paternal or maternal haploid embryos (hemicloning), using different techniques including nuclear transfer. At the embryonic stage, considering practical, ethical and legal issues, techniques will be reviewed that include cloning and embryo splitting at the cleavage stage, morula, or blastocyst stage.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Valenciano de Infertilidad (IVI), Valencia University, C/Guardia Civil 23, 46020 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Escribá
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valbuena
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Remohí
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pellicer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simón
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002970:Cleavage Stage, Ovum; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006238:Haploidy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009865:Oocytes; D010312:Parthenogenesis; D011247:Pregnancy; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted