title: Minimal principle for rotor filaments.
abstract: Three-dimensional rotors, or scroll waves, provide essential insight into the activity of excitable media. They also are a suspected cause in the formation and maintenance of ventricular fibrillation, whose lethality is well known. It is therefore of considerable interest to find out what configurations can be adopted by such pathologies. A scroll's behavior is embodied in its organizing center or filament, a largely quiescent tube about which the scroll rotates. Predicting filament shape has normally required computer-intensive simulations of the whole scroll in time. We have found a fast and robust principle that yields the prediction for stationary filaments on a purely geometrical basis, blind to the reaction parameters of the medium. The procedure is to calculate the filament shape as a minimal path. We work in singly diffusive media whose diffusivity tensor--and no other feature--varies spatially. Mathematical and numerical evidence is presented for the proposition that a stable filament is a geodesic in a three-dimensional space whose metric is given by the inverse diffusivity tensor of the medium. Away from the boundaries, a stable filament is unaffected by the reaction parameters. The algorithmic aspects of this work are subsidiary to our main purpose of drawing attention to the universal and unexpectedly exact fit of an elementary geodesic principle within reaction-diffusion theories.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. wellner@sundance.pharm.upstate.edu
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wellner
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Berenfeld
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jalife
authors.forename: Arkady M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pertsov
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D016880:Anisotropy; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation