title: High VO2max with no history of training is primarily due to high blood volume.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the high VO2max observed occasionally in young men who have no history of training.
  
  
  METHODS
  VO2max, blood volume (BV), maximal stroke volume (SVmax), maximal cardiac output (Qmax), and related measurements (reported as mean +/- SEM) were studied in six men (mean age 20.0 +/- 0.5 yr) with no history of training, who all had a VO2max below 49 mL.kg-1.min-1 (LO group) and six age- and weight-matched men (mean age 19.5 +/- 0.5 yr) with no history of training, who all had a VO2max above 62.5 mL.kg-1.min-1 (HI group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the LO group, the HI group had a higher SVmax (149 +/- 5 vs 102 +/- 5 mL), higher Qmax (28.9 +/- 0.9 vs 20.0 +/- 1.0 L.min-1) and higher BV (88.1 +/- 3.8 vs 76.7 +/- 0.9 mL.kg-1). The BV of four participants in the HI group (mean = 92.3 +/- 4.3 mL.kg-1) was substantially higher than the BV of all participants in the LO group, but two participants in the HI group had a BV (mean = 79.7 +/- 0.8 mL.kg-1) that was similar to the mean BV of the LO group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The primary explanation for the high VO2max observed occasionally in young men who have no history of training is a naturally occurring (perhaps genetically determined) high BV that brings about a high SVmax and Qmax. However, some young men with no history of training have a high VO2max, SVmax, and Qmax possibly because a greater portion of their BV is hemodynamically active.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology and Health Science, York University, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martino
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gledhill
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jamnik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D004911:Erythrocyte Volume / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology