title: FGF-2 and TPA induce matrix metalloproteinase-9 secretion in MCF-7 cells through PKC activation of the Ras/ERK pathway.
abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play an important role in cancer metastasis. Here, we investigated the effect of fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) on the secretion of type IV collagenases (MMP-2, MMP-9) in breast cancer MCF-7 cells. As shown by gelatin zymography, both FGF-2 and TPA stimulated the secretion of MMP-9 in MCF-7 cells while they did not change the level of MMP-2 secretion. Signaling cascade studies indicated that both FGF-2 and TPA induced Ras activation, c-Raf phosphorylation, mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase (MEK(1/2)) phosphorylation, and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK(1/2)) phosphorylation. The FGF-2- and TPA-induced MMP-9 secretion was significantly inhibited by transient transfection of MCF-7 cells with dominant negative Ras (Ras-N17) and by treatment with MEK(1/2) inhibitor PD98059. A pan-protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, GF109203X, was found to totally abolish the FGF-2- and TPA-induced MMP-9 secretion and ERK(1/2) phosphorylation. Use of isoform-specific PKC inhibitors such as Rotllerin and Gö6976 suggested, moreover, that the PKC-delta isoform is a likely component of FGF-2 and TPA trophic signaling. These results demonstrated that FGF-2 and TPA induce MMP-9 secretion in MCF-7 cells mainly through PKC-dependent activation of the Ras/ERK(1/2) signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche sur la Croissance Cellulaire, la Réparation et la Régénération Tissulaires, CNRS UPRES-A 7053, Université Paris XII, Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94000 Créteil, France.
authors.forename: Jian-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crépin
authors.forename: Jian-Miao
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barritault
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ledoux
mesh_terms: D000098:Acetophenones / Q000494:pharmacology; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D008301:Maleimides / Q000494:pharmacology; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000098:Acetophenones; D001578:Benzopyrans; D002227:Carbazoles; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D008301:Maleimides; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; C081021:Go 6976; C085746:rottlerin; C482128:MAP2K2 protein, human; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; C482125:MAP2K1 protein, human; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D017364:Collagenases; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D018631:ras Proteins; C070515:bisindolylmaleimide I; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate