title: Sulfate-reducing bacteria colonize pouches formed for ulcerative colitis but not for familial adenomatous polyposis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ileal pouch-anal anastomosis remains the "gold standard" in surgical treatment of ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis. Pouchitis occurs mainly in patients with a background of ulcerative colitis, although the reasons for this are unknown. The aim of this study was to characterize differences in pouch bacterial populations between ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous pouches.
  
  
  METHODS
  After ethical approval was obtained, fresh stool samples were collected from patients with ulcerative colitis pouches (n = 10), familial adenomatous polyposis (n = 7) pouches, and ulcerative colitis ileostomies (n = 8). Quantitative measurements of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sulfate-reducing bacteria were isolated from 80 percent (n = 8) of ulcerative colitis pouches. Sulfate-reducing bacteria were absent from familial adenomatous polyposis pouches and also from ulcerative colitis ileostomy effluent. Pouch Lactobacilli, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides sp, and Clostridium perfringens counts were increased relative to ileostomy counts in patients with ulcerative colitis. Total pouch enterococci and coliform counts were also increased relative to ileostomy levels. There were no significant quantitative or qualitative differences between pouch types when these bacteria were evaluated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sulfate-reducing bacteria are exclusive to patients with a background of ulcerative colitis. Not all ulcerative colitis pouches harbor sulfate-reducing bacteria because two ulcerative colitis pouches in this study were free of the latter. They are not present in familial adenomatous polyposis pouches or in ileostomy effluent collected from patients with ulcerative colitis. Total bacterial counts increase in ulcerative colitis pouches after stoma closure. Levels of Lactobacilli, Bifidobacterium, Bacteroides sp, Clostridium perfringens, enterococci, and coliforms were similar in both pouch groups. Because sulfate-reducing bacteria are specific to ulcerative colitis pouches, they may play a role in the pathogenesis of pouchitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Cork University Hospital, Ireland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: O'Mahony
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Coffey
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shanahan
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Redmond
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Kirwan
mesh_terms: D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003672:Defecation / Q000502:physiology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007081:Ileostomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D019449:Pouchitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016737:Proctocolectomy, Restorative / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D013431:Sulfates