title: Possible attenuation of the G2 DNA damage cell cycle checkpoint in HeLa cells by extremely low frequency (ELF) electromagnetic fields.
abstract: BACKGROUND: The issue remains unresolved as to whether low frequency magnetic fields can affect cell behaviour, with the possibility that they may be in part responsible for the increased incidence of leukaemia in parts of the population exposed to them. METHODS: Combined treatment of HeLa cells with gamma-irradiation (1, 3 and 5 Grays) and extra low frequency magnetic fields of ~50 Hz was carried out under rigorously controlled conditions. RESULTS: Synchronised cells progressing from S-phase arrived at mitosis on average marginally ahead of irradiation controls not exposed to ELF. In no instance out of a total of twenty separate experiments did this "double-insult" further delay entry of cells into mitosis, as had been anticipated. CONCLUSION: This apparently "non-genotoxic" agent (ELF) appears to be capable of affecting cells that would normally arrest for longer in G2, suggesting a weakening of the stringency of the late cycle (G2) checkpoint.
authors.affiliation: Section of Surgery, Division of Clinical Sciences (University of Sheffield), Clinical Sciences Centre, Northern General Hospital, Herries Road, Sheffield, S5 7AU, UK. p.a.harris@sheffield.ac.uk
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Heaton
authors.forename: Denys N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Wheatley