title: Salivary cystatins influence ingestion of capsaicin-containing diets in the rat.
abstract: Dietary capsaicin consumed by rats over several days induces cystatin-like substances in submandibular saliva. Yet the physiological role of these salivary proteins has not been thoroughly investigated. Salivary cystatins in the rat submandibular glands are known to be induced by chronic treatment with the sympathetic beta-agonist, isoproterenol. In the present study, the possible roles of the salivary proteins on food intake were examined by comparing consumption of a capsaicin-adulterated (0.05%) diet in rats with and without isoproterenol pretreatment (0.1 and 5.0 mg/kg, 5 days). Electrophoretic analysis performed prior to feeding trials revealed that the group pretreated with 5 mg/kg isoproterenol had large amounts of cystatin in the saliva compared with the group pretreated with 0.1 mg/kg isoproterenol and control group. The group treated with 5 mg/kg isoproterenol showed greater consumption of the capsaicin-adulterated diet than the other groups until the 3rd day of trials. Bilateral removal of the submandibular and sublingual glands neutralized the effects of isoproterenol. Induction of salivary cystatins by isoproterenol treatment was not mimicked by systemic and intragastric administration of capsaicin. These results suggest that cystatins are included in the salivary proteins induced by capsaicin and that they contribute to enhanced ingestion of the capsaicin diet. Induction of salivary cystatins may be triggered by irritation of the oral mucosa by capsaicin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Physiology, Asahi University School of Dentistry, 1851 Hozumi, Motosu, Gifu 501-0296, Japan. kat@dent.asahi-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katsukawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugimura
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015891:Cystatins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D015891:Cystatins; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D007545:Isoproterenol; D002211:Capsaicin