title: Biliary and total extrarenal clearance of inulin and iohexol in pigs. A source of error when determining gfr as body clearance.
abstract: Biliary clearance, total extrarenal clearance, body and renal clearance of inulin and iohexol were determined in 11 normal and 11 nephrectomized pigs. The biliary clearance of inulin, calculated as biliary excretion divided by the plasma concentration, was 0.04 and 0.01 ml min(-1) 10 kg(-1) and of iohexol 0.21 and 0.1 ml min(-1) 10 kg(-1), in normal, respectively, nephrectomized pigs (p < 0.05). The extrarenal clearance of inulin, calculated as body minus renal clearance, was 2.7 and 0.7 ml min(-1) 10 kg(-1) and of iohexol 3.7 and 0.7 ml min(-1) 10 kg(-1) in normal, respectively, nephrectomized pigs (p < 0.05). Some hours after injection of the markers their plasma concentrations were much higher in the nephrectomized pigs. This higher plasma concentration was not matched by an equally higher biliary excretion and therefore biliary clearance decreased. The smaller total extrarenal clearance in nephrectomized pigs, i.e. the overestimation of GFR when calculated as body clearance, indicates that this source of error decreases with decreasing renal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Malmö University Hospital, Sweden. danielle.vanwesten@rontgen.mas.lu.se
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Westen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Almén
authors.forename: Chun-ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Frennby
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Månsson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sterner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003135:Common Bile Duct / Q000378:metabolism*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D007444:Inulin / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007472:Iohexol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009392:Nephrectomy; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007472:Iohexol; D007444:Inulin