title: Antigenic relationship of turkey coronavirus isolates from different geographic locations in the United States.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to examine the antigenicity of turkey coronavirus (TCV) isolates from various geographic areas with antibodies to different viruses. Seventeen isolates of TCV were recovered from intestinal samples submitted to Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Purdue University, from turkey farms located in different geographic areas. The prototype TCV Minnesota isolate (TCV-ATCC) was obtained from the American Type Culture Collection. Intestinal sections were prepared from turkey embryos infected with different TCV isolates and reacted with polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies to TCV, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV), bovine coronavirus (BCV), transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), reovirus, rotavirus, adenovirus, or enterovirus in immunofluorescent antibody staining. All 18 TCV isolates have the same antigenic reactivity pattern with the same panel of antibodies. Positive reactivity was seen with polyclonal antibodies to the TCV Indiana isolate, the TCV Virginia isolate, TCV-ATCC, and the IBV Massachusetts strain as well as monoclonal antibodies to the TCV North Carolina isolate or the membrane protein of IBV. Antibodies to BCV or TGEV were not reactive with any of the TCV isolates. Reactivity of antibodies to unrelated virus, rotavirus, reovirus, adenovirus, or enterovirus with different TCV isolates was all negative, except positive response was seen between enterovirus antibody and a TCV western North Carolina isolate, suggesting coinfection of turkeys with TCV and enterovirus in that particular case. The results indicated that the TCV isolates from these geographic locations in the U.S. shared close antigenicity and were antigenically related to IBV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1175, USA.
authors.forename: Tsang Long
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chien Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Loa
authors.forename: Ching Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hooper
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schrader
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D004752:Coronavirus, Turkey / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004753:Enteritis, Transmissible, of Turkeys / Q000821:virology; D019085:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct / Q000662:veterinary; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect / Q000662:veterinary; D005843:Geography; D014422:Turkeys; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral