title: A comparison of shaping ability using ProFile, GT file, and Flex-R endodontic instruments in simulated canals.
abstract: A total of 160 resin-simulated canal blocks with 20-degree or 30-degree curvature were prepared by ProFile rotary instruments, GT rotary files, and the balanced force technique with Flex-R files. Using an image analysis computer application, the pre- and postoperative images were stored and superimposed, and then the amount of material removed from the preoperative inner and outer curved walls was measured at five levels in the apical 5 mm of the canal. The time required for canal preparation, including irrigation, and the time taken to change instruments was recorded. At 1 mm from the apical end, the directions of canal transportation were most frequently toward the outer aspect of the curvature, with the only exception being the canals shaped by the balanced force technique in which more was removed from the inner aspect. The balanced force technique required more preparation time than the rotary instrumentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata-shi, Japan.
authors.forename: Gin-ichiro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Augusto S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Imura
authors.forename: Neil F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Novo
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toda
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009532:Nickel; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D012399:Rotation; D013193:Stainless Steel; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D012117:Resins, Synthetic; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; C040654:titanium nickelide; D013193:Stainless Steel; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium