title: [Response degree of cholesterol LDL to feeding in males with hypercholesterolemia according to baseline value].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The response of plasma cholesterol to diet is modulated by endogenous and exogenous factors such as body mass, tobacco consumption, gender and the genetic background. Our purpose was to know whether the response degree depends on the concentration of cholesterol prior to the intervention and whether several polymorphisms modulating the cholesterol response to diet are actually involved in such response.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy two males with hypercholesterolemia were administered three different 4-weeks duration diets. The first one was a saturated fat-enriched (SAT) diet. Then, in a randomized and crossed manner, subjects were categorized in two groups: one group received a diet with low fat but high complex carbohydrates contents (HCO); the another group received a monounsaturated fat-enriched diet (Mediterranean diet). In the third period, we inverted the diets of the previous period. We determined the prevalent genotypes of the following apoproteins: E, CIII, A-IV, A-I, B, A-IV 360.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diet with low fat contents and the Mediterranean diet led to a significant decrease of total cholesterol, LDL-c and HDL-c. Those at the upper LDL-c tertile, after the SAT diet, were found to have statistically significant greater decreases (absolute and relative values) with the Mediterranean and HCO diet. In the multivariate analysis, the only variable with an effect on the modification of LDL-c, after shifting a SAT to any hypolipidemic diet, were the levels of LDL-c at the end of a SAT diet. The allelic frequency of different apoproteins in the hyper-respondent group was not different from that in the hypo-respondent group (response displayed when going from a SAT period to any hypolipidemic diet).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The decrease of LDL-c observed with hypolipidemic diets (low in fat contents or Mediterranean) was more significant in those individuals with hypercholesterolemia who had higher levels of LDL-c at the onset.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Lípidos y Arteriosclerosis, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Rafael Angel
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fernández De La Puebla
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carmona
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: Purificación
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López-Miranda
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-Jiménez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL
vernacular_title: Grado de respuesta del colesterol LDL a la alimentación en varones con hipercolesterolemia según sus valores basales.