A tyrosine-based motif in the cytoplasmic tail of pseudorabies virus glycoprotein B is important for both antibody-induced internalization of viral glycoproteins and efficient cell-to-cell spread.
Pseudorabies virus (PRV), a swine alphaherpesvirus, is capable of causing viremia in vaccinated animals. Two mechanisms that may help PRV avoid recognition by the host immune system during this viremia are direct cell-to-cell spread in tissue and antibody-induced internalization of viral cell surface glycoproteins in PRV-infected blood monocytes, the carrier cells of the virus in the blood. PRV glycoprotein B (gB) is crucial during both processes. Here we show that mutating a tyrosine residue located in a YXXPhi motif in the gB cytoplasmic tail results in decreased efficiency of cell-to-cell spread and a strong reduction in antibody-induced internalization of viral cell surface glycoproteins. Mutating the dileucine motif in the gB tail led to an increased cell-to-cell spread of the virus and the formation of large syncytia.
Favoreel
Herman W
HW
Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Van Minnebruggen
Geert
G
Nauwynck
Hans J
HJ
Enquist
Lynn W
LW
Pensaert
Maurice B
MB
D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D002460:Cell Line; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D011558:Herpesvirus 1, Suid / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D009154:Mutation; D013552:Swine; D014443:Tyrosine; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C070915:glycoprotein gII, pseudorabies virus; D014443:Tyrosine