title: A review of the epidemiologic evidence linking ultraviolet radiation and cataracts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cataract is the most common cause of blindness in the world and there are currently no strategies to prevent it. The aim of this paper is to review the epidemiologic evidence linking ultraviolet (UV) radiation and cataract.
  
  
  METHODS
  Published epidemiologic research articles on UV and cataract were reviewed against the epidemiologic criteria for causality: biological plausibility, strength of the association, specificity, experimental evidence, temporal sequence of events, dose-response relationship, and consistency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of the 22 epidemiologic studies reviewed met most of the epidemiologic criteria for causality and support an association between UV-B and the development of cortical cataract and perhaps posterior subcapsular cataract.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The epidemiologic data justify the implementation of public health campaigns to raise public awareness of the risk of cortical cataract due to ocular UV-B exposure. Future researchers should be careful to avoid potential bias by measuring personal ocular UV exposure and by quantifying cataract carefully.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Australia. mccartyc@mmrf.mfldclin.edu
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McCarty
authors.forename: Hugh R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D002386:Cataract / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D006801:Humans; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*