title: Metabolic correlates with obstructive sleep apnea in obese subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine links between obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obese (body mass index [BMI] >95th percentile for age and gender) children who snored (n = 62, 46 males, age 10.89 [5-16 years] underwent polysomnography and metabolic studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respiratory disturbance index (RDI) was 9.23 (0-95), with 23 children (39%) recommended for treatment. Fasting insulin levels were 154.6 pmol/L +/- 79.8 (52-486), and fasting glucose levels were high in 7 children (11%). Fasting insulin levels correlated with sleep variables, including log transformed RDI (log(10)RDI) (P =.01), desaturation events (P =.05), arousal index (P =.01), and sleep-time with oxygen saturation in arterial blood <90% (P =.03) (adjusted r (2) = 0.21, F = 3.9, P =.005), but not with age, or BMI Z score. Log(10)RDI correlated with fasting insulin (P =.001) and BMI Z score (P =.03) (adjusted r (2) = 0.12, F = 3.9, P =.005), but not age or other metabolic variables. The correlation between log(10)RDI and fasting insulin persisted in models combining sleep and metabolic variables: log(10)RDI, adjusted r (2) = 0.75, F = 35.2, P <.001, and for fasting insulin, adjusted r (2) = 0.42, F = 6.1, and P <.001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The severity of OSA (log(10)RDI) correlated with fasting insulin levels, independent of BMI. Insulin levels may be further elevated as a consequence of OSA in obese children.
authors.affiliation: Sleep Disorders Unit, Ray Williams Institute of Pediatric Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, The Childrens' Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Roland C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: de la Eva
authors.forename: Louise A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Baur
authors.forename: Kim C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Donaghue
authors.forename: Karen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Waters
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000453:epidemiology; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012891:Sleep Apnea Syndromes / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism