title: Influence of kappa-rhythm when assessing drowsiness.
abstract: Kappa-rhythm appears at the highest amplitude on a bipolar T3-T4 derivation and its frequency range is 7-10 Hz. When a contra-lateral earlobe is used as a reference, the kappa-rhythm causes serious problems in assessing drowsiness. Assessment of drowsiness using contra- and ipsi-lateral earlobes as references in 129 subjects who showed kappa-rhythm was compared. Drowsiness could be assessed properly in only 26% of subjects using the contra-lateral earlobe and in 90% of subjects using the ipsi-lateral earlobe. These results suggest that the ear on the ipsi-lateral earlobe should be used as a reference in subjects who show kappa-rhythm.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Laboratory, Aoki Hospital, Chofu-shi, Tokyo.
authors.forename: Kazue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suenaga
authors.forename: Takuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology*