2000 CDC Growth Charts for the United States: methods and development.
OBJECTIVE
This report provides detailed information on how the 2000 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) growth charts for the United States were developed, expanding upon the report that accompanied the initial release of the charts in 2000.


METHODS
The growth charts were developed with data from five national health examination surveys and limited supplemental data. Smoothed percentile curves were developed in two stages. In the first stage, selected empirical percentiles were smoothed with a variety of parametric and nonparametric procedures. In the second stage, parameters were created to obtain the final curves, additional percentiles and z-scores. The revised charts were evaluated using statistical and graphical measures.


RESULTS
The 1977 National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) growth charts were revised for infants (birth to 36 months) and older children (2 to 20 years). New body mass index-for-age (BMI-for-age) charts were created. Use of national data improved the transition from the infant charts to those for older children. The evaluation of the charts found no large or systematic differences between the smoothed percentiles and the empirical data.


CONCLUSIONS
The 2000 CDC growth charts were developed with improved data and statistical procedures. Health care providers now have an instrument for growth screening that better represents the racial-ethnic diversity and combination of breast- and formula-feeding in the United States. It is recommended that these charts replace the 1977 NCHS charts when assessing the size and growth patterns of infants, children, and adolescents.
Kuczmarski
Robert J
RJ
Center for Lifetime Health Research, School of Medicine, Wright State University, USA.
Ogden
Cynthia L
CL
Guo
Shumei S
SS
Grummer-Strawn
Laurence M
LM
Flegal
Katherine M
KM
Mei
Zuguo
Z
Wei
Rong
R
Curtin
Lester R
LR
Roche
Alex F
AF
Johnson
Clifford L
CL
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009309:National Center for Health Statistics, U.S.; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014798:Vital Statistics