title: AMPA glutamate receptor-mediated calcium signaling is transiently enhanced during development of oligodendrocytes.
abstract: Cells of the oligodendroglial lineage express Ca2+-permeable alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate-preferring glutamate receptors (AMPA-GluR) during development. Prolonged activation of their AMPA-GluR causes Ca2+ overload, resulting in excitotoxic death. Prior studies have shown that oligodendroglial progenitors and immature oligodendrocytes are susceptible to excitotoxicity, whereas mature oligodendrocytes are resistant. An unresolved issue has been why Ca2+-permeability of AMPA-GluR varies so markedly with oligodendroglial development, although the level of expression of edited GluR2, an AMPA-GluR subunit which blocks Ca2+ entry, is relatively constant. To address this question, we performed Ca2+ imaging, molecular and electrophysiological analyses using purified cultures of the rat oligodendroglial lineage. We demonstrate that transient up-regulation of expression of GluR3 and GluR4 subunits in oligodendroglial progenitors and immature oligodendrocytes results in the assembly by these cells, but not by oligodendroglial pre-progenitors or mature oligodendrocytes, of a population of AMPA-GluR which lack GluR2. This stage-specific up-regulation of edited GluR2-free, and hence Ca2+-permeable, AMPA-GluR explains the selective susceptibility to excitotoxicity of cells at these stages of oligodendroglial differentiation, and is likely to be important to these cells in the trans-synaptic Ca2+-signaling from glutamatergic neurons, which occurs in hippocampus
authors.affiliation: The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. takayuki@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beesley
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Akiva S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kavanaugh
authors.forename: Douglas A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Coulter
authors.forename: Judith B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Grinspan
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pleasure
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D025802:Electric Capacitance; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D021122:Protein Subunits; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D021122:Protein Subunits; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; C104723:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 3; C104724:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 4; C104722:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2