title: Determination of anti-microbial susceptibilities of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A retrospective study to determine the antibiotic resistance pattern seen in respiratory tract pathogens.
  
  
  METHODS
  All sputum samples received during one year period (2000) were cultured by standard laboratory technique and antibiotic sensitivity was performed by Kirby Bauer disc method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 238 respiratory pathogens were isolated. All three isolates (Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pnuemoniae and Moraxella catarrhalis) were highly resistant against Trimethoprim Sulfamethoxazole. Strep. pnuemoniae was not resistant to Penicillin. Rest of the antibiotics showed good response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Strep. pnuemoniae is still very sensitive to Penicillin and all three pathogens were resistant to Timethoprim Sulfamethoxazale.
authors.affiliation: Ziauddin Medical University, Liaquat National Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tabassum
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmed
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D001936:Moraxella catarrhalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects*; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination