title: A mutation in the 3' region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 reverse transcriptase (Y318F) associated with nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance.
abstract: The Y318F substitution in the 3' region of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) reverse transcriptase (RT) has been linked to nonnucleoside RT inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance in vitro. A systematic search of a large phenotypic-genotypic database (Virco) linked the Y318F substitution with a >10-fold decrease in NNRTI susceptibility in >85% of clinically derived isolates. There was a significant association between Y318F and use of delavirdine (P = 10(-11)) and nevirapine (P = 10(-6)) but not efavirenz (P = 0.3). Site-directed HIV-1 Y318F mutants in an HXB2 background displayed 42-fold-decreased susceptibility to delavirdine but <3-fold-decreased susceptibility to nevirapine or efavirenz. Combinations of Y318F with K103N, Y181C, or both resulted in decreased efavirenz susceptibility of 43-, 3.3-, and 84-fold, respectively, as well as >100- and >60-fold decreases in delavirdine and nevirapine susceptibility, respectively. These results indicate the importance of the Y318F substitution in HIV-1 drug resistance.
authors.affiliation: BC Centre for Excellence in HIV/AIDS, 603-1081 Burrard Street, Vancouver, British Columbia V6Z 1Y6, Canada. lab@hivnet.ubc.ca
authors.forename: P Richard
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Harrigan
authors.forename: Mahboob
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salim
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Stammers
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wynhoven
authors.forename: Zabrina L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Brumme
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Larder
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Kemp
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008958:Models, Molecular; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009154:Mutation; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase