title: Phosphorylation of pRb is required for HGF-induced muscle cell proliferation and is p27kip1-dependent.
abstract: Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) plays a crucial role in the differentiation of skeletal muscle cells, where a process in which the retinoblastoma protein (pRb) has been implicated. We addressed the role of pRb in HGF-mediated effects on the proliferation and differentiation of adult skeletal muscle myoblasts. HGF shifted pRb to its hyperphosphorylation forms and increased the transactivation of E2F1, a transcription factor required for S phase entry. A constitutively active pRb mutant blocked HGF-dependent pRb phosphorylation and transactivation of E2F1 and increased cell proliferation. Accordingly, this mutant reversed the inhibitory effects of HGF on the expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor p27 and myogenic differentiation markers. HGF-mediated pRb phosphorylation was reversed by ectopic expression of p27, but neither the myogenic regulatory factor, MEF2, nor the myogenic inhibitory protein Twist had that effect. These results suggest that in response to HGF signaling, there is a decrease in p27 expression that results in an accumulation of hyperphosphorylated Rb protein, and subsequent progression of myoblasts into the G1 phase of the cell cycle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel.
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Leshem
authors.forename: Orna
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Halevy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D030161:Avian Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051879:Twist-Related Protein 1
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C412362:Twist protein, Gallus gallus; D051879:Twist-Related Protein 1; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor