title: Rapid carbohydrate loading after a short bout of near maximal-intensity exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One limitation shared by all published carbohydrate-loading regimens is that 2-6 d are required for the attainment of supranormal muscle glycogen levels. Because high rates of glycogen resynthesis are reported during recovery from exercise of near-maximal intensity and that these rates could in theory allow muscle to attain supranormal glycogen levels in less than 24 h, the purpose of this study was to examine whether a combination of a short bout of high-intensity exercise with 1 d of a high-carbohydrate intake offers the basis for an improved carbohydrate-loading regimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven endurance-trained athletes cycled for 150 s at 130% VO2peak followed by 30 s of all-out cycling. During the following 24 h, each subject was asked to ingest 12 g.kg-1 of lean body mass (the equivalent of 10.3 g.kg-1 body mass) of high-carbohydrate foods with a high glycemic index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Muscle glycogen increased from preloading levels (+/- SE) of 109.1 +/- 8.2 to 198.2 +/- 13.1 mmol.kg-1 wet weight within only 24 h, these levels being comparable to or higher than those reported by others over a 2- to 6-d regimen. Densitometric analysis of muscle sections stained with periodic acid-Schiff not only corroborated these findings but also indicated that after 24 h of high-carbohydrate intake, glycogen stores reached similar levels in Type I, IIa, and IIb muscle fibers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that a combination of a short-term bout of high-intensity exercise followed by a high-carbohydrate intake enables athletes to attain supranormal muscle glycogen levels within only 24 h.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Movement and Exercise Science, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Australia.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Fairchild
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: Carmel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Fournier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010503:Periodic Acid-Schiff Reaction; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D006003:Glycogen