title: History of treatment of groin hernia.
abstract: The history of open surgery for groin hernia has gone through many stages of development, including the ancient era (ancient times to the fifteenth century), the era of the start of herniology (fifteenth to seventeenth centuries), the anatomic era (seventeenth to nineteenth centuries), the era of repair under tension (nineteenth to mid-twentieth century), and the era of tensionless repair (mid-twentieth century to the present). Five principles of modern hernia repair developed through these periods of development: antiseptic/aseptic hernia operation, high ligation of the sac, tightening of the internal ring, reconstruction of the posterior inguinal floor, and tensionless repair. Interestingly, many of the initial attempts at laparoscopic hernia repair did not adhere to the recognized principles of hernia surgery learned from open surgery. It is only when the transabdominal preperitoneal mesh repair and the totally extraperitoneal approach, which adhere to the basic principles, are considered that the results of laparoscopic hernia repair procedures can improve and the recurrence of hernia decrease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong. josephlau@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: W Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D013502:General Surgery / Q000266:history*; D006550:Hernia, Femoral / Q000266:history / Q000601:surgery; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000266:history* / Q000601:surgery; D049668:History, 15th Century; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D013526:Surgical Mesh / Q000266:history