title: Dissection of promoter control modules that direct Bmp4 expression in the epithelium-derived components of hair follicles.
abstract: Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) plays a significant role in development. Using transgenic approaches, we studied the mechanisms controlling Bmp4 expression during primordial and mature tissue development, as well as in epithelium- and mesenchyme-derived components with hair follicles as a model. In this report, we demonstrated that the promoter region between the -0.26 and the -1.14 kb, highly conserved between human and mouse, controls Bmp4 expression in the epithelium-derived tissues but not in mesenchyme-derived tissues of hair follicles, suggesting that control modules for Bmp4 expression in epithelium-derived tissues and mesenchyme originated tissues are in separate regions. Using live embryos and mice, we demonstrated the temporal and spatial activities of these modules. We also demonstrated that control regions for Bmp4 expression in primordial and differentiated hair follicle tissues are separated. Therefore we present a model to explain a mechanism controlling expression of the Bmp4 gene in different tissue types, as well as different development stages as related to hair development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 650 E. 25th ST, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA.
authors.forename: Jianghong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaoyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Christopher H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Contag
authors.forename: Yongbo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Dayong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Jian Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D005091:Exons; D005838:Genotype; D006197:Hair / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007763:Lac Operon / Q000235:genetics; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013997:Time Factors; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C525809:BMP4 protein, human; C525810:Bmp4 protein, mouse; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004247:DNA; D008156:Luciferases; D001616:beta-Galactosidase