title: Unusual clinical manifestations of the Nutcracker Syndrome.
abstract: The Nutcracker Syndrome, caused by compression of the left renal vein as it passes in a tight angle between the aorta and the superior mesenteric artery, usually presents with unexplained haematuria localized to the left ureteric orifice. We report on a series of cases where compression of the left renal vein caused prominent left-gonadal-vein reflux, which in turn resulted in lower-limb varices and varicocele formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, St Vincents Hospital, Melbourne, Australia. AFLittle@bigpond.com
authors.forename: Andrew F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: Alain M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lavoipierre
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012082:Renal Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D013577:Syndrome; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex; D014646:Varicocele / Q000209:etiology*; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000209:etiology*