title: The use of Rasch measurement to improve the Oswestry classification scheme.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To use Rasch measurement to assess and modify the original classification categories of the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Questionnaire (Oswestry), to examine the hypothesis that the items from the Oswestry form a unidimensional construct and a hierarchical representation of low back pain (LBP) disability, and to compare ordinal Likert resultant scores to interval Rasch scaled scores with disability categories serving as a framework.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rasch analysis model. Existing Oswestry admission data generated by FOTO were analyzed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Statistical analysis of sample database.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 942 patients with LBP referred for physical therapy between 1993 and 1994.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Construct validity; disability categories (as assessed by Likert and Rasch models); and fit statistics (infit, outfit as mean squares).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All items from the Oswestry except the pain item fit the Rasch model. Construct validity of the scale using the Rasch model required the structure of the rating scale to be modified from 6 response levels to 4. A hierarchical representation of LBP disability was supported. A comparison of the disability categories based on Likert and Rasch scaling revealed them to be nonequivalent. The new scaling changed the disability categories for 44% of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rasch analysis produced disability categories in the Oswestry that are linear and, therefore, useful for quantitatively assessing self-reported disability levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. LJWhite@uic.edu
authors.forename: Louise J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Velozo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires