title: [Development of ultrasonography in a radiological university department from 1994 to 2001].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 1994, 5 % of a total of 25 718 examinations and 7 % of all 4630 B-mode sonograms performed in the Radiology Department, University of Cologne was classified as not indicated. In light of these results, the health care policy guidelines for sonographic indications have been amended.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to establish the current rate of non-indicated sonographic examinations performed in routine diagnostics by radiology departments at university hospitals, to determine the reasons for such over-diagnosis and identify which regulatory mechanisms can be implemented to prevent his.
  
  
  METHODS
  We counted the number of 1) B-mode and 2) color-flow Doppler ultrasound imaging procedures carried out in patients who had had no change in symptoms within the previous 4 weeks or who were scheduled without reference to an existing sonogram (double examinations). 3) The reasons for over-diagnosis were analyzed. 4) The 1994 survey was repeated in 2000 with an identical protocol and 5) additionally, a modified survey of the diagnostic questions was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1) Out of 4,119 patients presenting for the first time to receive a B-mode sonogram, 443 prior sonograms (11 %), 305 CT scans (7 %) and 57 MRI scans (1 %) were documented. 2) Double sonograms were carried out in 6 % of the 1,118 patients presenting for the first time for color-flow Doppler ultrasounds and in 16 % of the 651 patients assigned to receive catheter angiographies with arterial color-flow Doppler. 2) 41 out of 55 (75 %) prior sonograms from non-university settings stated by 94 surgery patients were listed in the medical records. 36 out of 43 (84 %) prior sonograms from the university hospital were repeated in the same patients despite the fact that the medical report with the findings was available. None of the 48 sonograms indicated to confirm a plausible finding yielded any information that was additionally relevant to therapy. 4) In the period April - June, 2000, 12 % of all 15,921 tests and interventions, 26 % of 3,569 B-mode sonograms and 58 % of 1,033 abdominal sonograms performed in adults were classified as having not been indicated. 5) Staging and follow-up were stated as the most common reasons that a sonography was carried out in 46 % of the 1,017 adults who were given B-mode sonograms conducted from Jan - Mar, 2000 and comprised 62 % of the 410 sonograms classified as not or probably not medically indicated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results showed that a multidisciplinary consensus was required to establish the diagnostic value of sonographic procedures. Therefore, this research group drafted a hospital-internal interdisciplinary guideline for "abdominal transcutaneous B-mode sonography in oncological questions".
authors.affiliation: Institut und Poliklinik für Radiologische Diagnostik der Universität Köln, Germany. Barbara.Krug@medizin.uni-koeln.de
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krug
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stützer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wolters
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mauch
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Staib
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Töx
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Steffen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Warm
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghafur
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Araba
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beuckelmann
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zähringer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palm
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Von Pritzbuer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schrappe
mesh_terms: D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006300:Health Services Misuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011872:Radiology Department, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014600:Utilization Review
vernacular_title: Entwicklung der sonographischen Diagnostik in einer Radiologischen Universitätsklinik von 1994 bis 2001.