title: An overview of assistive technology for persons with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive neurologic disease clinically characterized by episodes of focal disorder of the cranial nerves, spinal cord, and the brain. MS affects a significant number of young adults, and they most often face a future of progressive functional losses as more of their central nervous system and cranial nerves are affected. As the disease progresses, they have new impairments with accompanying limitations in activities, restrictions to their participation in life, and compromised quality of life. Assistive technology includes any item that is used to maintain or improve functional capabilities. The rehabilitation healthcare provider has many opportunities to intervene with assistive technologies to decrease activity limitations and participation restrictions. The purpose of this article is to (1) review the impairments and associated activity limitations and participations restrictions experienced by persons with MS, (2) provide an overview of high- and low-tech assistive technologies appropriate for persons with MS, (3) discuss funding opportunities for assistive technologies, (4) review current studies of assistive technology used for persons with MS and discuss future research directions, and (5) consider assistive technology as an intervention for disability prevention.
authors.affiliation: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Services, Denver Veterans Affairs Medical Center, CO 80220, USA. donna.blake@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Donna Jo
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Blake
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bodine
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D006233:Persons with Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013677:Medical Laboratory Science / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D020380:Needs Assessment; D011788:Quality of Life; D012656:Self-Help Devices; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome