title: Involvement of inhibitory nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB)-independent NFkappaB activation in the gonadotropic regulation of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis expression during ovarian follicular development in vitro.
abstract: Increased X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP) expression and suppressed follicular apoptosis are important determinants in the regulation of follicular development by FSH. The objective of the present study was to examine the role and regulation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NFkappaB) in the gonadotropic control of granulosa cell XIAP expression and follicular growth in vitro. FSH (100 ng/ml) increased rat granulosa cell XIAP mRNA abundance and protein content. The gonadotropin also induced granulosa cell p65 subunit-containing NFkappaB translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus and increased NFkappaB-DNA binding activity. Supershift EMSA indicated the FSH-activated NFkappaB contained p65 and p50 subunits. Unlike TNFalpha, FSH failed to elicit a significant change in granulosa cell phospho- and total-inhibitory NFkappaB (IkappaB) IkappaB contents in vitro and dominant-negative IkappaB expression was ineffective in blocking the increase in NFkappaB-DNA-binding activity and XIAP protein content induced by the gonadotropin. In contrast, SN50 (a cell permeable inhibitory peptide of NFkappaB translocation, 50-200 ng/ml) suppressed FSH-stimulated NFkappaB-DNA binding, XIAP expression, and follicular growth. FSH also increased granulosa cell phospho-Akt contents, a response sensitive to the PI-3K inhibitor LY294002 (10 microM). In conclusion, the present studies demonstrate that the FSH-induced XIAP expression is mediated through the NFkappaB pathway through activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase rather than the classical IkappaB kinase.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biology Unit and Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa Health Research Institute, The Ottawa Hospital (Civic Campus), Ontario, Canada K1Y 4E9.
authors.forename: Yifang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Benjamin K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Tsang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000502:physiology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050863:Synaptotagmin I; D050857:Synaptotagmins; D014162:Transfection; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050863:Synaptotagmin I; D050857:Synaptotagmins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat