title: Formulation of an effective mosquito-repellent topical product from lemongrass oil.
abstract: Ointment and cream formulations of lemongrass oil in different classes of base and the oil in liquid paraffin solution have been evaluated for mosquito repellency in a topical application. Mosquito repellency was tested by determining the bite-deterrence of product samples applied on an experimental bird's skin against a 2-day starved culture of Aedes aegypti L. mosquitoes. The 1%v/v solution and 15%v/w cream and ointment preparations of the oil exhibited > or =50% repellency lasting 2-3 h, which may be attributed to citral, a major oil constituent. This activity was comparable to that of a commercial mosquito repellent. Base properties of the lemongrass oil formulations influenced their effectiveness. The oil demonstrated efficacy from the different bases in the order of hydrophilic base > emulsion base > oleaginous base.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria. aoyedele@oauife.edu.ng
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Oyedele
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gbolade
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Sosan
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Adewoyin
authors.forename: O L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Soyelu
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Orafidiya
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000330:Aedes / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D031743:Cymbopogon; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009824:Ointments; D010232:Paraffin; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007302:Insect Repellents; D009824:Ointments; D010938:Plant Oils; D010232:Paraffin