title: Cartilage-derived biomarkers of osteoarthritis in synovial fluid of dogs with naturally acquired rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare synovial fluid biomarkers of cartilage metabolism in joints with naturally acquired or experimentally induced cranial cruciate ligament (CCL) rupture and determine correlations with stage and severity of disease in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  95 dogs with ruptured CCL, 8 dogs with experimentally ruptured CCL, and 24 healthy dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Synovial fluid was assayed for chondroitin sulfate neo-epitopes 3B3(-) and 7D4 and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) concentration. Results were correlated with demographic data, duration of lameness, radiographic osteoarthritis score, and intra-articular lesions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 7D4 concentrations and 7D4:GAG in synovial fluid from joints with naturally acquired CCL rupture and experimental CCL transection were similar and significantly greater than values for healthy control joints. The 3B3(-) concentrations in the CCL-deficient groups were not significantly different, although only values in the naturally acquired CCL rupture group were significantly greater than those in the healthy control group. Within the naturally acquired CCL rupture group there was a significant correlation between 3B3(-) and 7D4 concentrations. However, there were no significant correlations between biomarker concentrations and continuous demographic or disease-related variables or differences in biomarker concentrations with different categories of disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Synovial fluid biomarker concentrations were significantly increased in joints with secondary osteoarthritis associated with naturally acquired or experimental CCL rupture; however, lack of apparently simple relationships with demographic variables or stage or severity of disease limits their clinical usefulness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Callum W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Hay
authors.forename: Qili
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Simon C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Roe
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Caterson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000662:veterinary; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004285:Dogs; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D000939:Epitopes; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012421:Rupture / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates