title: Role of specialty care in the management of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the role of rheumatologists in the management of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  The lupus clinic database was searched for patients with 3 consecutive visits (every 3-4 months) of which the first 2 visits recorded a SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) of 0. The clinic notes were examined by a physician blinded to the SLEDAI score at the third visit. The physician classified the rheumatologist's action by the following scale: 1 = no change, 2 = closer followup, 3 = new investigations, 4 = increase medications, 5 = lower medications. All interventions (2-5) were further scored as being related to or independent of SLE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 142 SLE patients identified, 70 patients remained inactive (SLEDAI = 0) and 72 patients experienced flare (SLEDAI > 0) at the third visit. In total, 74% of patients, regardless of the status of disease activity, required intervention; 96% of interventions in patients with clinical flare, 72% with serological flare, and 63% with inactive disease were due to management of SLE. The most frequent intervention related to SLE in patients with clinical flare was increasing medication, while in inactive SLE lowering medication was the most common intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even after a period of relative disease quiescence the majority of patients with lupus require active intervention during a subsequent routine clinic visit. Most interventions are related to the management of SLE. Therefore ongoing monitoring by rheumatologists in the management of lupus seems prudent.
authors.affiliation: University of Toronto Lupus Clinic, Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Ontario, Canada. m.urowitz@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: Murray B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Urowitz
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kagal
authors.forename: Proton
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Dafna D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Gladman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009819:Office Visits / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009864:Ontario; D010819:Physician's Role; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012042:Registries; D012219:Rheumatology / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones