Ecstasy-induced psychotic disorder: six-month follow-up study.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the psychiatric symptoms manifested by persons diagnosed for the first time as having ecstasy-induced psychotic disorder and to explore the evolution of their symptoms over a 6-month period.


METHODS
Observational study with a 6-month follow-up.


METHODS
The subjects studied were 32 ecstasy consumers who were treated at two drug-dependency outpatient centers for hallucinatory-delusive manifestations and who were diagnosed as having ecstasy-induced psychotic disorder according to DSM-IV criteria. For the assessment of the intensity of the syndrome and its follow-up, the Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) and the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) were used at the outset and after 1, 3 and 6 months. All subjects received treatment with olanzapine.


RESULTS
The treatment program was completed by 96.9% of the patients. At the baseline assessment, a high incidence of symptoms of a severe psychiatric disorder was observed. From the first month the psychotic symptoms (BPRS) were considerably reduced with treatment, with the most severe positive symptoms remitting in the first 3 months. The three assessment indicators (BPRS, HDRS and CGI) showed a statistically significant clinical reduction over the 6 months of the assessment period. Furthermore, no relevant side effects were noted.


CONCLUSIONS
In its initial manifestations, a drug-induced psychotic syndrome includes marked symptoms meeting the criteria of a severe psychotic disorder, with the presence of considerable positive and negative symptoms. Olanzapine has been shown to be very effective in these situations and its use is suggested as first-choice therapy.
Landabaso
M A
MA
Drug Addiction Center, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.
Iraurgi
I
I
Jiménez-Lerma
J M
JM
Calle
R
R
Sanz
J
J
Gutiérrez-Fraile
M
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011605:Psychoses, Substance-Induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D006213:Hallucinogens; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D010890:Pirenzepine; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine; D000077152:Olanzapine