title: Expression of calcium-sensing receptor in rat colonic epithelium: evidence for modulation of fluid secretion.
abstract: The calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) is activated by extracellular calcium (Ca2+(o)) and mediates many of the known effects of extracellular divalent minerals on body cells. Both surface and crypt cells express CaSR transcripts and protein on both apical and basolateral surfaces. Raising Ca2+(o) elicited increases in intracellular calcium (Ca2+(o)) in both surface and crypt cells with an EC50 of 2 mM. The Ca-induced increase in Ca2+(i) was associated with increases in inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and eliminated by U-73129, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol-phospholipase C, as well as by thapsigargin. Other CaSR agonists, Gd3+ and neomycin, mimicked these Ca2+(o)-induced responses. Both luminal and bath Ca2+(o), Gd3+, and neomycin induced increases in Ca2+(i) in isolated perfused crypts. The stimulatory effect of forskolin on net fluid secretion in perfused crypts was abolished by increasing Ca2+(o) in either luminal or bath perfusates. Thus both apical and basolateral CaSR on crypt cells are functional and provide pathways modulating net intestinal fluid transport that may have important implications for the prevention and treatment of certain diarrheal diseases associated with elevated cAMP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8026, USA.
authors.forename: Sam X
authors.initials: SX
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Geibel
authors.forename: Steven C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hebert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C473605:extracellular calcium cation-sensing receptor, rat; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase; D002118:Calcium