title: Variation in midfacial tissue thickness of African-American children.
abstract: Forensic anthropologists use facial reconstruction to develop a likeness of an unknown individual in order to generate public interest that may lead to a positive identification. Tissue thicknesses of the face from living persons or cadavers are an essential part of the reconstruction method. The purpose of this study is to add to the growing database of tissue thicknesses along the facial midline of African-American children and to begin to examine the possibility of geographic differences between children of the same ancestral group. Results indicate that significant differences do not exist between males and females or between African-American females from the Midwest and Southeast U.S. Only age was determined to have a significant effect on mean tissue thickness variation, in our sample, with the majority of change occurring in the facial region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro 30460-8076, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Nawrocki
authors.forename: Ted A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Rathbun
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D044383:Black People; D002102:Cadaver; D002648:Child; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D018732:Forensic Anthropology / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors; D001741:Black or African American