Expression of stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha protein in HIV encephalitis.
Analysis of the patterns of stromal cell-derived factor 1alpha (SDF-1alpha) expression in the brains from HIV-positive patients suggests that in neuronal cells, SDF-1alpha might play a role in neuroprotection and neurite extension in response to HIV infection. In all cases analyzed, SDF-1alpha immunoreactivity was primarily present in astroglial cells. Patients with HIV encephalitis (HIVE) showed intense somato-dendritic neuronal SDF-1alpha immunoreactivity, while HIVE negative patients with neurodegeneration had a significant decrease in neuronal SDF-1alpha immunoreactivity. Neuronal cells treated with SDF-1alpha displayed increased neurite outgrowth. Similarly, neurons treated with HIV-Tat, which induced SDF-1alpha expression, also showed neurite outgrowth. Tat-mediated neurite outgrowth was blocked by anti-SDF-1alpha antibody. These results suggest that SDF-1alpha may play a role in the neuronal response to HIV in the brains of AIDS patients.
Langford
Dianne
D
Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0624, USA.
Sanders
Virginia J
VJ
Mallory
Margaret
M
Kaul
Markus
M
Masliah
Eliezer
E
D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D016501:Neurites / Q000502:physiology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000821:virology; D009474:Neurons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
D000906:Antibodies; C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D015696:Gene Products, tat; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus