title: Relevance of apoptosis and cell proliferation for survival of patients with dilated cardiomyopathy undergoing partial left ventriculectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiomyocyte apoptosis as well as proliferation have been described in congestive heart failure, but their clinical relevance remains unclear. In order to clarify whether apoptosis and cell proliferation occur in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy and whether their degree in left ventricle fragments resected during partial left ventriculectomy has any influence on the outcome after this surgery, we compared their occurrence in four groups of patients: group A, short-term survivors (n = 18); group B, deaths within 6 months of the surgery (n = 13); group C, long-term survivors (n = 12); and Group D, deaths within 60 months (n = 19).
  
  
  METHODS
  Apoptotic cardiomyocytes and interstitial cells were quantified in left ventricle fragments from 31 patients with idiopathic-dilated cardiomyopathy using the TUNEL assay. Cell proliferation was quantified in parallel sections by KI-67 immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Apoptotic cells were present in the majority of cases (n = 24) and proliferative cells in all cases. Whereas there was no significant difference regarding all parameters examined between Groups A and B, there was a highly significant difference between Groups C and D in the number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes (P = 0.012) and apoptotic interstitial cells (P = 0.006). There was no significant relationship between apoptotic cardiomyocytes and KI-67-positive cardiomyocytes, but a negative correlation between apoptotic interstitial cells and KI-67-positive interstitial cells (r = -0.383; P = 0.028).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiomyocyte apoptosis and proliferation occur in the majority of patients with idiopathic-dilated cardiomyopathy. High numbers of apoptotic cardiomyocytes and apoptotic interstitial cells are significantly related to a bad late outcome after partial left ventriculectomy.
authors.affiliation: Heart Institute (InCor), University of São Paulo Medical School, Brazil. anpmetzger@incor.usp.br
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: M J F
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Castelli
authors.forename: J M L
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Silvestre
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bocchi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stolf
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ramires
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002455:Cell Division; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen