Genotoxicity of Brosimum gaudichaudii measured by the Salmonella/microsome assay and chromosomal aberrations in CHO cells.
The root bark of Brosimum gaudichaudii Trécul (Moraceae) is popularly used for treatment of vitiligo. In the present study the mutagenic activity of the aqueous and methanolic extract as well as of the n-butanolic fraction of this medicinal plant were evaluated using Salmonella typhimurium assays, TA100, TA98, TA102 and TA97a strains, while the clastogenic effect in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells in the G(1)/S, S and G(2)/S phases of the cell cycle. The results showed mutagenic activity of the aqueous extract against TA102 in the presence of S9, and of methanolic extract, with and without metabolic activation. TA100 mutagenicity was only observed for the methanolic extract in the absence of S9. The n-butanolic fraction did not present mutagenic activity. In CHO cells only the methanolic extract induced a significant increase of chromosomal aberrations in the G(1)/S and S phases, whereas a decrease in the mitotic index was observed in the G(1)/S and G(2)/S phases. No clastogenicity was observed for the aqueous extract. The furocoumarins (psoralen and bergapten) presented in the extracts might contribute to the mutagenicity. The lower activity of the aqueous extract was probably due to the presence of smaller amount of furocoumarins compared to the methanolic extract.
Varanda
Eliana Aparecida
EA
Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Araraquara, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Rodovia Araraquara Jaú-Km 1, 14801-902, SP, Araraquara, Brazil. varandae@fcfar.unesp.br
Pozetti
Gilberto Luiz
GL
Lourenço
Miriam Verginia
MV
Vilegas
Wagner
W
Raddi
Maria Stella Gonçalves
MS
D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008861:Microsomes / Q000187:drug effects*; D029586:Moraceae; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
D010936:Plant Extracts