title: A laboratory study of coronal microleakage using four temporary restorative materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the sealing abilities of Fermin and Canseal with the more popular temporary coronal filling materials, Cavit and Caviton.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized access cavities were prepared in 160 intact human permanent molar teeth. They were divided into five groups consisting of 32 samples. The teeth were restored using one of the temporary filling materials, namely: Fermin, Canseal at two powder to liquid ratios, Caviton and Cavit. Thermal cycling and/or load cycling were applied on the samples. Assessment of microleakage utilized methylene blue dye penetration. Grading of the microleakage pattern was from 1 to 3, with 3 providing the best seal. Results were analyzed using two-way anova and by Fisher's PLSD post hoc test (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microleakage along Fermin, Caviton and Cavit samples did not go beyond Leakage Grade 2. Dye penetration into these materials was noted. This was not observed in the two groups of Canseal tested. However, the two groups of Canseal exhibited total leakage notably after being subjected to thermal cycling. There was a statistically significant difference in the microleakage scores obtained between the materials and conditions tested (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fermin was found to exhibit the best seal amongst the four materials tested followed by Caviton, and Cavit. Thermal cycling influenced the seal of certain types of temporary filling materials more than load cycling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Niigata University Faculty of Dentistry, Niigata City, Japan.
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shigetani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kota
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwaku
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Goodis
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D008751:Methylene Blue; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation; D018915:Root Canal Preparation; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013816:Thermodynamics; D014753:Vinyl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D016474:Weight-Bearing; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D019287:Zinc Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D003738:Dental Cements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011145:Polyvinyls; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D014753:Vinyl Compounds; C086076:calcium sulfate, zinc oxide, vinyl acetate, zinc phosphate root canal filling; C020872:Cavit; D019287:Zinc Sulfate; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D008751:Methylene Blue; D002133:Calcium Sulfate