title: Responses of leukocytes to chemokines in whole blood and their antagonism by novel CC-chemokine receptor 3 antagonists.
abstract: CC-chemokine receptor 3 (CCR3)-stimulating chemokines are likely to have important in vivo roles in the regulation of eosinophil, basophil, and potentially helper T cell type 2 and mast cell recruitment. We have developed techniques to investigate the actions of eotaxin and other chemokines on multiple leukocyte populations in whole blood, without cell purification steps that might alter leukocyte responsiveness. We have shown that the potency of eotaxin in whole blood is limited by Duffy antigen binding, which may modulate the actions of this chemokine in vivo. We have also investigated the efficacy and potency of a new panel of small molecule antagonists of CCR3 on responses of eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, and monocytes to chemokines, using whole blood assays of shape change, chemokine receptor internalization, and CD11b upregulation. These small molecule antagonists cause selective and potent inhibition of CCR3 on eosinophils and basophils, are bioavailable in blood, and are prototypic antagonists potentially of benefit in the treatment of human allergic disease. Such whole blood methods may also be employed in the investigation of other small molecule chemokine receptor antagonists.
authors.affiliation: National Heart and Lung Institute, and Leukocyte Biology Section, Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College School of Medicine, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Shannon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bryan
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jose
authors.forename: Joanna R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Topping
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soderberg
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kertesz
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Trevor T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Hansel
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sabroe
mesh_terms: D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000097:blood*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004375:Duffy Blood-Group System / Q000097:blood; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012016:Reference Values; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C515350:CCR3 protein, human; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D004375:Duffy Blood-Group System; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine