Involvement of transforming growth factor-beta2 in catagen induction during the human hair cycle.
The involvement of transforming growth factor-beta isoforms in the induction of the regressing phase (catagen) of human hair follicles were examined in vivo. In the growing phase (anagen), transforming growth factor-beta1 was detected at the hair cuticle and connective tissue sheath. Transforming growth factor-beta2 was restricted to the outermost cell layer of the outer root sheath. Transforming growth factor-beta3 was observed in the precortical hair matrix of anagen hair follicles. During the anagen-catagen transition phase, strong transforming growth factor-beta2 immunoreactivity appeared in the lower bulb matrix cells adjacent to the dermal papilla. In addition, transforming growth factor-beta2 and transforming growth factor-beta type II receptor were colocalized in the regressing epithelial strands, where terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end-labeling-positive apoptotic cells were also found. Transforming growth factor-beta1 and transforming growth factor-beta3 were mostly negative in the strand. Using an organ culture system, we investigated whether transforming growth factor-beta2 and its antagonists affected the transition process. Elongation of hair was significantly suppressed by transforming growth factor-beta2. Next, a neutralizing antibody and fetuin, a potent transforming growth factor-beta antagonist was tested. In the presence of the antibody as well as fetuin, hair follicles were markedly elongated in a concentration-dependent manner. These results strongly suggest that transforming growth factor-beta2 plays an essential part in the induction of the catagen phase of the human hair cycle.
Soma
Tsutomu
T
Shiseido Life Science Research Center, Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
Tsuji
Yumiko
Y
Hibino
Toshihiko
T
D000906:Antibodies; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D006197:Hair / Q000254:growth & development*; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007536:Isomerism; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
D000906:Antibodies; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C509041:TGFB2 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C076419:tumor necrosis factor (1-26)