title: Use of statins in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease: is treatment equitable?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate possible inequities in the use of statins for people with coronary heart disease according to a wide range of social and clinical factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional analysis of data from the Health Survey for England 1998, a population based survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  760 adults with coronary heart disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 19.9% of subjects with coronary heart disease were receiving lipid lowering drugs (151 of 760; 95% confidence interval (CI) 17.0% to 22.7%). The likelihood of receiving statins was greatly reduced for older age groups: compared with those aged less than 65 years, the odds of receiving statin treatment were 0.53 (95% CI 0.35 to 0.80) for subjects aged 65-74 years, and 0.11 (95% CI 0.06 to 0.21) for subjects aged 75 years and over. Statins were given less often to current cigarette smokers than to non-smokers (odds ratio 0.55, 95% CI 0.32 to 0.96), and to subjects with angina compared with those with a previous myocardial infarct (odds ratio 0.63, 95% CI 0.43 to 0.93). Lower levels of statin use were also seen with increasing time since diagnosis (p = 0.12). No clear associations were observed with social measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Important inequalities were found in the use of statins among people with coronary heart disease, which could not be justified by evidence from the large statin trials. Proactive policies are required to ensure that the vast majority of (if not all) patients with coronary heart disease are receiving statins, regardless of age, sex, social class, smoking status, type of coronary heart disease, or time since diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, St George's Hospital Medical School, London SW17, UK. freid@sghms.ac.uk
authors.forename: F D A
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Whincup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000592:standards; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000592:standards; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood; D012923:Social Class; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D002784:Cholesterol