title: Reduction of myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury with regular consumption of grapes.
abstract: Recently several polyphenolic antioxidants derived from grape seeds and skins have been implicated in cardioprotection. This study was undertaken to determine if the grapes were equally cardioprotective. Sprague Dawley male rats were given (orally) standardized grape extract (SGE) for a period of three weeks. Time-matched control experiments were performed by feeding the animals 45 microg/100 of glucose plus 45 microg/100 g fructose per day for three weeks. After 30 days, rats were sacrificed, hearts excised and perfused via working-mode. Hearts were made ischemic for 30 min followed by two hours of reperfusion. At 100 mg/kg and at 200 mg/kg, SGE provided significant cardioprotection as evidenced by improved post-ischemic ventricular recovery and reduced amount of myocardial infarction. No cardioprotection was apparent when rats were given grape samples at a dose of 50 mg/100 g/day. In vitro studies demonstrated that the SGE could directly scavenge superoxide and hydroxyl radicals which are formed in the ischemic reperfused myocardium. The results demonstrate that the heats of the rats fed SGE reduced myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury by functioning as in vivo antioxidant.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut 06030-1110, USA.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Gerald A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Cordis
authors.forename: Arpad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tosaki
authors.forename: Nilanjana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maulik
authors.forename: Dipak K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000503:physiopathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species