title: Online Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat haplotype reference database (YHRD) for U.S. populations.
abstract: We describe here an online Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat haplotype reference database (YHRD) for U.S. populations, which represents 9-locus Y-STR haplotypes for 1705 African-Americans, European-Americans and Hispanics as of October 2001. This database is available online (http://www.ystr. org/usa/), free to access and was generated in order to supply the U.S. forensic DNA community with a valuable resource for frequencies of complete or incomplete 9-locus Y-STR haplotypes, as well as information about typing protocols and population genetic analyses. Pairwise R(ST)-statistics derived from the Y-STR haplotypes indicate no significant substructure among African-American populations from different regions of the U.S., nor (usually) among European-American and Hispanic populations. Thus, pooling of Y-STR haplotype data from regional populations within these three major groups is appropriate in order to obtain larger sample sizes. However, pooling of different major populations is generally not recommended due to statistically significant differences between African-American populations and all European-American/Hispanic populations, as well as between some European-American and Hispanic populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Evolutionary Genetics, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, Germany. kayser@eva.mpg.de
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kayser
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brauer
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Willuweit
authors.forename: Hiltrud
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schädlich
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Batzer
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zawacki
authors.forename: Mechthild
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prinz
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roewer
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stoneking
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012015:Reference Standards; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences; D014481:United States; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics; D014998:Y Chromosome / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: D004247:DNA