Localized osteomyelitis due to Mycobacterium avium complex in patients with Human Immunodeficiency Virus receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy.
We describe 3 patients who developed atypical manifestations of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection >10 months (range, 3-16 months) after attaining sustained CD4(+) T cell counts of >100 cells/microL while receiving antiretroviral therapy and not receiving MAC prophylaxis. The common features of these cases include the degree of immune reconstitution, the unusual locations of the infections, and the absence of a systemic inflammatory response. The low rate of these unusual MAC infections does not warrant continuation of primary or secondary prophylaxis after presumed immune reconstitution.
Aberg
Judith A
JA
Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, AIDS Clinical Trials Unit, St. Louis, MO, 63108, USA. jaberg@im.wustl.edu
Chin-Hong
Peter V
PV
McCutchan
Allen
A
Koletar
Susan L
SL
Currier
Judith S
JS
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015269:Mycobacterium avium Complex; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*