title: Prognostic modelling of therapeutic interventions in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a disease with a widely varying prognosis. The majority of patients survive about 3 years, but a significant number survive for 10 years or more, leading to problems in clinical trial design.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate that simple clinical variables can be used to construct a robust predictive model for survival, and to assess the effect of a known treatment within this model.
  
  
  METHODS
  We carried out a retrospective multivariate modelling of a database of 841 patients with ALS seen over a 10-year period in a specialist motor neuron disorders clinic. The use of riluzole was tested as a prognostic factor within the model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A prognostic score generated from one cohort of patients predicted survival for a second cohort of patients (r(2) = 0.78). Prognostic variables included site of onset, age of onset, time from symptom onset to diagnosis, and El Escorial category at presentation. Riluzole therapy was an independently significant prognostic factor (relative risk of death 0.48, P < 0.0001, model chi(2) 297, P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical databases can be used to generate multivariate prognostic models in ALS. Such models could be used to predict survival, to improve criteria for matching of patients in future clinical trials, and to test the impact of interventions.
authors.affiliation: MND Care & Research Clinic, King's College London & The Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, UK.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sham
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Leigh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Chalabi
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019782:Riluzole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019782:Riluzole