title: Muscle strength, Na,K-pumps, magnesium and potassium in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis -- relation to spironolactone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the muscle strength in relation to muscle contents of magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and sodium, potassium (Na,K)-pumps in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-one consecutive patients with liver cirrhosis admitted to the Department of Hepatology, Aarhus University Hospital, Denmark, and 28 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biopsies of skeletal muscle were performed in patients and controls for measurements of Mg, K, and Na,K-pumps. Furthermore, maximum isokinetic knee extension and skeletal muscle mass were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Muscle mass, muscle strength, muscle Mg and muscle K were substantially reduced in the patients (P < 0.01, all), and fell with increasing severity of the liver disease reflected in the Child-Pugh (C-P) class. Patients treated with spironolactone for 2 weeks or more, had increased muscle strength, muscle Mg and content of Na,K-pumps, compared with the rest of the patients (P < 0.05, all). In a multivariate analysis of the patients, skeletal muscle mass, muscle Mg and daily alcohol consumption (g) were independent predictors of isokinetic muscle strength (P < 0.05, all).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis showed considerably reduced muscle strength and muscle Mg was an independent predictor of muscle strength. Surprisingly, in the spironolactone treated patients, muscle weakness was less pronounced, possibly because of the action of spironolactone on muscle Mg, K and Na,K-pump content.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine V (Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark. niels@akh.aaa.dk
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Aagaard
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vilstrup
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Clausen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jakobsen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dørup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003718:Denmark; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008104:Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology*; D010042:Ouabain / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood*; D012016:Reference Values; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D013148:Spironolactone; D010042:Ouabain; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium