title: Contractile response to a cannabimimetic eicosanoid, 2-arachidonoylglycerol, of longitudinal smooth muscle from the guinea-pig distal colon in vitro.
abstract: The effect of 2-arachidonoylglycerol, a cannabimimetic eicosanoid, was studied on mucosa-free longitudinal muscle strips isolated from the guinea-pig distal colon. In the presence of indomethacin (3 microM) and N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (100 microM), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (10 nM-10 microM) produced concentration-dependent and tetrodotoxin (1 microM)-sensitive contractions of the longitudinal muscle strips. The contractions were markedly attenuated in the presence of atropine (0.2 microM), and partially by hexamethonium (100 microM) pretreatment. The response to 2-arachidonoylglycerol was mimicked with N-arachidonoylethanolamine (anandamide, 0.1-30 microM), another cannabimimetic eicosanoid, but the cannabinoid CB(1)/CB(2) receptor agonist, R-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-(4-morpholinylmethyl)pyrrolo[1,2,3,-de]-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl]-1-naphthalenylmethanone (WIN55,212-2) (0.1-10 microM), and the vanilloid receptor agonist, (all Z)-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenamide (AM 404) (10-30 microM), were without effect. The cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonist, N-piperidino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-l-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-3-pyrazole-caroxamide (SR141716A) (1 microM), the cannabinoid CB(2) receptor antagonist, [N-[1S]-endo-1,3,3-trimethyl bicyclo [2.2.1] heptan-2-yl]-5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-l-(4-methylbenzyl)-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (SR144528) (1 microM), and the vanilloid receptor antagonist, capsazepine (10 microM), did not shift the concentration-response curve for 2-arachidonoylglycerol to the right. The contractile action of 2-arachidonoylglycerol was also partially attenuated in the presence of nordihydroguaiaretic acid (10 microM), a lipoxygenase inhibitor. These results indicate that 2-arachidonoylglycerol produces contraction of longitudinal muscle of the guinea-pig distal colon via mainly stimulation of myenteric cholinergic neurones, and that neither cannabinoid CB(1)/CB(2) receptors nor vanilloid receptors contributed to the response. The present results suggest the possibility that lipoxygenase metabolites may also contribute, at least in part, to the contractile action of 2-arachidonoylglycerol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Mibu, Tochigi 321-0293, Japan. s-kojima@dokkyomed.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shu-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Waku
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D005989:Glycerides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D002186:Cannabinoids; D015777:Eicosanoids; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D005989:Glycerides; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug; C094503:glyceryl 2-arachidonate