title: Comparison of the cardiovascular effects of unoprostone 0.15%, timolol 0.5% and placebo in healthy adults during exercise using a treadmill test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the cardiovascular effects of unoprostone 0.15%, timolol 0.5% and placebo in healthy adults during exercise using a treadmill test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty subjects aged 18-37 years (mean age = 24.1 years) were randomized to one of six treatment sequences in a three-treatment, three-period crossover study (William's design). Study medication was instilled b.i.d. for 5 days before visits 2, 3, and 4. Between treatments, study medication was washed out for 9-10 days. Each subject underwent a submaximal treadmill test at visits 2 through 4, 15 min after dosing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 15 min of exercise, average heart rates were 143.1 +/- 21.2, 134.5 +/- 20.0 and 145.4 +/- 20.8 bpm for the unoprostone, timolol and placebo treatments, respectively. At no timepoint was there a statistically significant difference between the unoprostone and placebo treatments (p > 0.05). Beginning with the second minute of exercise, timolol produced a greater decrease in heart rate at all timepoints from placebo than unoprostone (p < 0.05). No consistent differences in systolic or diastolic blood pressure were observed between drug treatments (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unlike timolol, unoprostone 0.15% does not reduce exercise-induced heart rate, indicating a lack of clinical effect on systemic beta-adrenergic receptors in young and healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Research Corp., Charleston, South Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Jeanette A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crockett
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kubilus
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D012449:Safety; D013999:Timolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C072630:isopropyl unoprostone; D013999:Timolol; D015237:Dinoprost