title: Desquamative inflammatory vaginitis: an exploratory case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate potential risk factors for desquamative inflammatory vaginitis (DIV), a rare but severe form of vaginitis. We are aware of no other controlled studies of DIV.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a case control study comparing DIV cases (n = 47), identified from the Wayne State University Vaginitis Clinic, to friend controls. For some variables, cases were also compared to 1432 women participating in a random digit dialing survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most cases reported that their last episode of DIV caused at least some pain (76.9%) and worry (73.1%). Cases were more likely than either friend or population controls to report (ORs from population controls) a history of vulvovaginal candidiasis (OR = 4.40, 95% CI 2.24, 8.65), bacterial vaginosis (OR = 25.58, 95% CI 15.91, 41.15), or pelvic inflammatory disease (OR = 16.90, 95% CI 8.26, 34.55); use of oral contraceptives (OR = 4.91, 95% CI 2.11, 11.43); use of hormone replacement therapy (OR = 4.74, 95% CI 2.69, 8.37); and laparoscopic procedures (OR = 22.24, 95% CI 11.46, 42.69).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Future studies should be conducted to explain the association with fertility surgeries, hormone usage, and other urogenital conditions; to clarify the timing of these associations; and to identify other factors related to DIV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA.
authors.forename: E Claire
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Newbern
authors.forename: Betsy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Foxman
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leaman
authors.forename: Jack D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sobel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000150:complications; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000601:surgery; D007249:Inflammation; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D014621:Vagina / Q000473:pathology*; D014627:Vaginitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*