title: Causative agents of nosocomial mycoses.
abstract: In the last few years mycoses have been caused by fungi formerly considered to be harmless for humans. They cause diseases of plants and insects; some of them are also used in the industry. They are now usually called "emerging fungi". We investigated this flora with respect to their potential to cause infections in hospitals. These fungi are present in the air, on medical objects and instrumentation, in the respiratory tract and on the hands of hospital staff; other sources have been identified in the use of iatrogenic methods. Mycotic diseases, their risk factors, their clinical pictures, and spectra of agents were analyzed in 1990-2000; the results were compared with data in the literature. Transplantations were the most frequent risk factors, fungemia and abscess the most frequent clinical picture and filamentous fungi (genera Absidia, Acremonium, Alternaria, Apophysomyces, Aspergillus, Bipolaris, Cladophialophora, Cunninghamella, Exserohilum, Fusarium, Chaetomium, Chrysosporium, Lecythophora, Ochroconis, Paecilomyces, Pythium, Rhizopus, Scedosporium, Scopulariopsis) were the most frequent agents of nosocomial infections. These filamentous fungi and also some yeasts (genera Candida, Cryptococcus, Trichosporon) bring about different clinical syndromes in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, 305 99 Plzen, Czechia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomsiková
mesh_terms: D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000209:etiology; D016638:Critical Illness; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D009181:Mycoses / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012307:Risk Factors; D014180:Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects