title: Immunotherapy of multiple sclerosis--current practice and future directions.
abstract: Over the past decade, multiple sclerosis (MS) has become a treatable neurological disease. This paper reviews the therapies that have been studied to treat MS and discusses various treatment approaches on the horizon. Immunosuppressive and immunomodulatory therapies have been shown to alter the long-term course of MS. Therapies are currently available for relapsing-remitting, secondary progressive, and progressive relapsing disease. Although effective, these therapies have a modest impact on reduction in relapse rate and slowing of disease progression. Much work is needed to improve upon this modest effect and hopefully obtain a cure.
authors.affiliation: The Corinne Goldsmith Dickinson Center for Multiple Sclerosis, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA. gmtullman@aol.com
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tullman
authors.forename: Fred D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Lublin
authors.forename: Aaron E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents