title: Myocardial oxidative metabolism in remote normal regions in the left ventricles with remodeling after myocardial infarction: effect of beta-adrenoceptor blockers.
abstract: In patients with myocardial infarction (MI), an expansion of the remote normal regions of the left ventricle is often observed. However, the characteristics of such regions are not fully understood. Thus, we investigated this issue from the standpoint of myocardial oxidative metabolism using (11)C-acetate PET.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 33 patients with recent MI (24 not receiving beta-blockers, 9 receiving beta-blockers) and 12 age-matched normal control subjects, (11)C-acetate dynamic myocardial PET scanning was performed at rest. Time-activity curves of (11)C-acetate in 5-7 regions of interest (ROIs) on the midventricular transaxial image in each subject were generated, and the clearance rate constant (K(mono)) in each ROI was calculated by monoexponential fitting as an index of myocardial oxidative metabolism. The left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic volume index as an index of LV remodeling and the heart rate. pressure product were obtained in all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LV end-diastolic volume index was significantly larger in patients with MI without beta-blockers than in normal control subjects (101 +/- 22.5 vs. 61.6 +/- 12.8 mL x m(-2); P < 0.001). There was no significant difference in the heart rate x pressure product between the patients with MI without beta-blockers and the normal control subjects (8,229 +/- 1,503 vs. 8,311 +/- 1,311 mm Hg x min(-1)). The K(mono) in remote normal regions was significantly greater in patients with MI without beta-blockers even when compared with the highest K(mono) on the anteroseptal wall of the left ventricle in normal control subjects (0.078 +/- 0.022 vs. 0.065 +/- 0.007 min(-1); P < 0.01). In contrast, the heart rate. pressure product (6,911 +/- 1,135 mm Hg x min(-1)) and the K(mono) (0.054 +/- 0.009 min(-1)) in remote normal regions were significantly less in patients with beta-blockers than in those without beta-blockers (P < 0.001). No significant difference in the LV end-diastolic volume index was found between the MI patients with and without beta-blockers. Multivariate regression analysis showed that beta-blockers significantly and directly decreased the K(mono) in remote normal regions after adjusting the effect of the heart rate x pressure product, although the prime determinant of the K(mono) in such regions was the heart rate x pressure product.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myocardial oxidative metabolism in remote normal regions is accelerated in the left ventricles with remodeling after acute MI. Therapy using beta-blockers normalizes the myocardial oxidative metabolism in such regions through the reduction of the heart rate x pressure product and their direct effect on the myocardium.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya City University Medical School, Nagoya, Japan. ohte@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohte
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: Sachie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akita
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yajima
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyabe
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayano
authors.forename: Genjiro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001262:Atenolol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D013794:Thallium Radioisotopes; D001262:Atenolol; D008790:Metoprolol