title: Prevalence of H. pylori-infection in family members of H. pylori positive and its influence on the reinfection rate after successful eradication therapy: a two-year follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Living conditions (e. g. domestic crowding) may influence the infection rate. Some studies suggested that the reappearance of H. pylori in H. pylori positive patients after successful eradication therapy might be a result of transmission by H. pylori positive spouses. Therefore this study has been performed to evaluate the effect of the H. pylori status of family members on the reinfection rate of H. pylori positive patients after successful eradication therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  108 H. pylori positive patients (64 male, 44 female, aged 48.7 years, range 18-76 years) who presented with dyspeptic symptoms for upper GI-endoscopy have been included into this study. H. pylori status has been defined by culture and/or histology, rapid urease test and serology. For eradication therapy patients received omeprazole 20 mg bd, clarithromycine 250 mg bd and metronidazole 400 mg bd. H. pylori status was controlled by (13)C-urea breath test 28 days (n = 96), 6 (n = 35), 12 (n = 28) and 24 months (n = 25) after eradication therapy. Additionally H. pylori status of 170 family members (82 spouses, 68 children, 20 siblings/parents, aged 3-83 years) was defined by (13)C-urea breath test (n = 167), upper GI-endoscopy (n = 2) or serology (n = 1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The eradication rate was 98 % (94/96). H. pylori prevalence in all family members was 40 % (56 % in spouses, 20 % in children). No reinfection has been found in successful eradicated patients within the two-years follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that reinfection is not dependent on the H. pylori prevalence in family members and that H. pylori reinfection after successful eradication therapy is an unlikely event.
authors.affiliation: Dept. Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectious Diseases, University Hospital of Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Knippig
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Arand
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leodolter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nilius
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bayerdörffer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malfertheiner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001944:Breath Tests; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D005773:Gastroscopy; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D008795:Metronidazole; D017291:Clarithromycin; D009853:Omeprazole