The relationship between oxidative/nitrative stress and pathological inclusions in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases.
Alzheimer's (AD) and Parkinson's diseases (PD) are late-onset neurodegenerative diseases that have tremendous impact on the lives of affected individuals, their families, and society as a whole. Remarkable efforts are being made to elucidate the dominant factors that result in the pathogenesis of these disorders. Extensive postmortem studies suggest that oxidative/nitrative stresses are prominent features of these diseases, and several animal models support this notion. Furthermore, it is likely that protein modifications resulting from oxidative/nitrative damage contribute to the formation of intracytoplasmic inclusions characteristic of each disease. The frequent presentation of both AD and PD in individuals and the co-occurrence of inclusions characteristic of AD and PD in several other neurodegenerative diseases suggests the involvement of a common underlying aberrant process. It can be surmised that oxidative/nitrative stress, which is cooperatively influenced by environmental factors, genetic predisposition, and senescence, may be a link between these disorders.
Giasson
Benoit I
BI
Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research and Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA.
Ischiropoulos
Harry
H
Lee
Virginia M-Y
VM
Trojanowski
John Q
JQ
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005609:Free Radicals; D006801:Humans; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
D005609:Free Radicals; D009566:Nitrates; D010100:Oxygen