title: Perianal versus anorectal specimens: is there a difference in Group B streptococcal detection?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether specimens obtained from the perianal area have a Group B streptococcal culture detection rate similar to anorectal specimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a prospective cohort study at a tertiary care university-affiliated teaching hospital. A total of 136 pregnant women between 33 and 40 weeks' gestation were recruited. Three samples for Group B streptococcal culture detection were obtained from each subject in the following order: perianal sample, vaginoperianal sample, and an anorectal sample. The women were asked to rank their pain or discomfort with obtaining the anorectal sample. The vaginoperianal specimen is the standard sample obtained from antepartum patients in this clinic, and, therefore, it serves as the control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 136 subjects, 26.5% of the control, vaginoperianal samples were positive for Group B streptococcal culture. In comparison, 27.2% of the anorectal specimens and 28.7% of the perianal specimens were positive for Group B streptococcal culture. There was no statistically significant difference in the detection of Group B streptococcal culture among the three sample sites. Evaluation of the pain experienced with an anorectal sampling showed that 68% of subjects ranked their pain between mild to moderate, and 5% noted severe pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Group B streptococcal detection rate was not different among the three sampling sites. Therefore, pregnant women do not need to be subjected to the additional pain of anorectal sampling to detect Group B Streptococcus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aultman Hospital, Canton, Ohio 44710, USA.
authors.forename: Chinyere
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Orafu
authors.forename: Prabhcharan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hecht
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hopkins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012007:Rectum / Q000382:microbiology*; D013048:Specimen Handling; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014621:Vagina / Q000382:microbiology*