title: Oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction modulation by white wine.
abstract: Wine and olive oil, essential components of the Mediterranean diet, are considered important factors for a healthy life style. Tyrosol (T) and caffeic acid (CA) are found in both extra virgin olive oil and in white wine. Three white wines from the northeast Italy and four white wines from Germany were analyzed for their content of T and CA. These compounds were tested for their antioxidant activity and their capacity to modulate three different cytokines: IL-1 beta, IL-6, and TNF-alpha, which are currently considered to be the major cytokines influencing the acute phase of the inflammatory response. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of T and CA was analyzed by monitoring the oxidation of a redox-sensitive probe by using laser scanning confocal microscopy. T and CA, applied at nanomolar range, were found to significantly reduce the generation of oxidants induced by azobis-amidinopropanedihydrochloride. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from healthy volunteers were incubated at 37 degrees C for 12 hours with 100 ng LPS (E. coli and P. maltofilia). Increasing doses of T and CA (150 nM to 300 microM) were added and cell-associated IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha were determined by immunoreactive tests after three freeze-thaw cycles. IL-6 release was also determined in cell surnatants. LPS-stimulated PBMC showed a significant increase in cytokine release, while T and CA, used at nanomolar concentrations, were able to modulate their expression. Taken together, these results suggest a remarkable effect of white wine non-alcoholic compounds on oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy, University of Milan, 20133, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alberto A E
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Bertelli
authors.forename: Massamiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Migliori
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Panichi
authors.forename: Bianamaria
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Longoni
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Origlia
authors.forename: Agnese
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.forename: Maria Giuseppa
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Cuttano
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Giovannini
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014920:Wine; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000093242:Interleukin-6 Inhibitors; C011867:4-hydroxyphenylethanol; C040048:caffeic acid