title: Bone response to calcium phosphate-coated and bisphosphonate-immobilized titanium implants.
abstract: Thin calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coatings have been introduced to overcome the shortcomings of plasma-sprayed Ca-P coatings. In our previous experiments, thin Ca-P coatings also enabled the immobilization of bisphosphonate, which is a drug used to treat osteoporosis. The present study was designed to evaluate the bone response to titanium implants treated with a thin Ca-P coating and bisphosphonate. Forty cylindrical commercially pure titanium implants with a length of 7 mm and a diameter of 3 mm were used as test implant fixtures. Three groups of surface-treated implants were prepared: (1) blasted with titanium powder and etched with a solution of 10% HF + 5% HNO3 (control); (2) modified with 0.5-microm thick Ca-P coatings and rapid heat-treating, and (3) immobilized with bisphosphonate by immersion in pamidronate disodium solution (10(-2) M) for 24 h at 37 degrees C. These surface-treated implants were inserted into edentulous areas in the mandibular molar region of five beagle dogs. After implantation periods of 4 and 12 weeks, the bone implant interface was evaluated histologically and histomorphometrically. All measurements were statistically evaluated using a one-way ANOVA and Fisher PLSD test for multiple comparisons among the means. Four weeks after the implantation, higher percentage of bone contact was found around the thin Ca-P-coated implants compared to that of the control group. The highest percentage of bone contact was found around the bisphosphonate-immobilized implants after 12 weeks of implantation. These data suggest that a thin coating of calcium phosphate followed by bisphosphonate-immobilization is effective in the promotion of osteogenesis on surfaces of dental implants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials Science, Oral Health Science Center, Tokyo Dental College, Chiba, Japan. yosinari@tdc.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshinari
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuzaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000378:metabolism; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D004164:Diphosphonates; D004285:Dogs; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D015921:Dental Implants; D004164:Diphosphonates; C485828:alpha-tricalcium phosphate; C485830:tetracalcium phosphate; C485838:calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous; C020243:calcium phosphate; D014025:Titanium; C485829:calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous