title: ["Post-actinic pelvic disease" and the ureter: the post-actinic ureter].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A retrospective study was done to analyze late urological complications following curative radiotherapy of primary gynecological carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1990 to 2000, 167 patients with primary gynecological cancer treated with external radiotherapy or intracavitary applications were observed. During the follow-up, all signs, symptoms and therapy of late treatment complications were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most patients with ureteral stenosis or obstruction required surgical correction. Most patients with bladder fistulas were best served by creation of a cutaneous urinary diversion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ureteral complications after radiotherapy of the pelvis are rare but severe. Surgical therapy of irradiated tissues has a higher complication rate compared to surgery on non irradiated tissue. A cutaneous urinary diversion may be an acceptable and safe procedure when the bladder is definitely compromised.
authors.affiliation: Divisione Clinicizzata di Urologia, Università degli Studi di Brescia. csimeone@libero.it
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simeone
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanello
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosini
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Botturi
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tralce
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sironi
authors.forename: Sergio Cosciani
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Cunico
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000628:therapy; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000209:etiology; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D010166:Palliative Care; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014513:Ureter / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D014547:Urinary Diversion; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery
vernacular_title: La "malattia pelvica post-attinica" e l'uretere: l'uretere post-attinico.