title: Abnormalities in myocardial contractility, metabolism and perfusion reserve in non-stenotic coronary segments in heart failure patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Myocardial blood flow (MBF) reserve is impaired in congestive heart failure (CHF), while fluorine-18-deoxyglucose (18FDG) uptake is relatively preserved. To determine whether this mismatch could be interpreted as ischemia, we performed dobutamine stress echocardiography (DSE).
  
  
  METHODS
  12 males with coronary artery disease (CAD) and CHF were compared with 12 controls with similar CAD but normal left ventricular (LV) function. MBF in non-infarct-related artery areas was assessed using [(13)N]ammonia positron emission tomography (PET), at rest and after dipyridamole infusion and 18FDG uptake was determined. DSE was performed with doses up to 40 microg/kg per min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In areas with non-stenotic arteries MBF reserve was more impaired in CHF patients (1.6+/-0.6 vs. 2.2+/-0.5; CHF versus normal LV, respectively, P<0.05). MBF reserve was related to LV ejection fraction (r=0.6, P<0.05) and wall stress (r=-0.72, P<0.05). PET showed mismatch in 4+/-1% of the myocardium in normal LV, compared to 26+/-26% in CHF (P<0.05), coinciding with more ischemic wall motion abnormalities on DSE (21 vs. 4%; CHF versus normal LV, respectively, P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In CHF, mismatch was found in areas supplied by non-stenotic coronary arteries. Corresponding areas showed ischemic wall motions on DSE. These findings suggest that the condition of CHF may play a role in perpetuating myocardial failure by inducing myocardial ischemia. Follow-up studies to investigate the ischemia-CHF relationship in time would be needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology/Thoraxcenter, University Hospital Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, P.O. Box 30.001, The Netherlands. a.f.m.van.den.heuvel@thorax.azg.nl
authors.forename: Ad F M
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel
authors.forename: Jeroen J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bax
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Blanksma
authors.forename: Willem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vaalburg
authors.forename: Harry J G M
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Crijns
authors.forename: Dirk J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: van Veldhuisen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D004176:Dipyridamole; D025401:Echocardiography, Stress; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D010477:Perfusion; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D014665:Vasodilator Agents
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D004176:Dipyridamole