Cytokines induce indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase expression in human atheroma-asociated cells: implications for persistent Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection.
This study shows that vascular smooth muscle cells express significantly higher levels of gamma interferon-inducible indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) activity than endothelium or mononuclear cells. Since IDO activity is linked to persistent Chlamydophila pneumoniae infection, our results suggest that smooth muscle cells may be an important reservoir of that organism in atherosclerosis.
Sakash
Jessica B
JB
Vascular Research Division Department of Pathology and Leducq Center for Cardiovascular Research, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
Byrne
Gerald I
GI
Lichtman
Andrew
A
Libby
Peter
P
D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000201:enzymology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D023521:Chlamydophila Infections / Q000201:enzymology*; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007737:Kynurenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014364:Tryptophan / Q000378:metabolism; D014366:Tryptophan Oxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
D050503:Indoleamine-Pyrrole 2,3,-Dioxygenase; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C007772:N'-formylkynurenine; D007737:Kynurenine; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D014364:Tryptophan; D014366:Tryptophan Oxygenase