title: Capecitabine (Xeloda) in combination with oxaliplatin: a phase I, dose-escalation study in patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This phase I, dose-escalation study was conducted to determine the recommended dose of intermittent oral capecitabine in combination with a fixed dose of i.v. oxaliplatin. Secondary objectives included evaluation of the safety profile and antitumor activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three patients with advanced or metastatic solid tumors received a 21-day regimen of oral capecitabine (500, 825, 1000 or 1250 mg/m2 twice daily, days 1-14) in combination with oxaliplatin (130 mg/m2, 2-h i.v. infusion, day 1). Dose-limiting toxicities were determined during the first treatment cycle, and safety and efficacy were evaluated throughout treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The recommended dosing schedule is oral capecitabine 1000 mg/m2 twice daily (days 1-14) with i.v. oxaliplatin 130 mg/m2 (day 1) in a 21-day treatment cycle. The principal dose-limiting toxicity was diarrhea. The most frequent treatment-related adverse events occurring during the study were gastrointestinal (nausea/vomiting, diarrhea) and neurological (dysesthesia, paresthesia). The majority of treatment-related adverse events were mild to moderate in intensity, and no grade 4 adverse events occurred in the 15 patients treated at or below the recommended dose. The most common grade 3/4 laboratory abnormalities were lymphocytopenia (52% of patients), thrombocytopenia (22%; grade 3 only), neutropenia (17%) and hyperbilirubinemia (17%). Among patients treated at or below the recommended dose level (n = 15), only two patients experienced grade 3 neutropenia and no patients experienced grade 4 neutropenia. Partial tumor responses occurred in six patients (26%), including five of nine patients (55%) with colorectal cancer. All responding patients were pretreated with 5-fluorouracil and four responders had received prior irinotecan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral capecitabine with i.v. oxaliplatin is a feasible combination regimen that shows promising antitumor activity in patients with colorectal cancer. There is an ongoing, phase II study to further characterize the safety and efficacy of this combination as first-line therapy for metastatic colorectal cancer, using the recommended dose identified in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Hospital Clínico Universitario San Carlos, Madrid, Spain. ediaz@ene.es
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Díaz-Rubio
authors.forename: T R J
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tabemero
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cassidy
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sastre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eatock
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bisset
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Regueiro
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baselga
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069287:Capecitabine; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077150:Oxaliplatin
chemical_list: D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069287:Capecitabine; D005472:Fluorouracil