title: Hepatocyte growth factor upregulates alpha2beta1 integrin in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells: implications in tubulogenesis.
abstract: It has been well established that hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) induces branching tubule formation of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells cultured in collagen gel. Tubulogenesis per se requires the involvement of cell proliferation, migration, focalization proteolysis, cell-cell interaction and differentiation. However, signaling pathways and proteins involved in HGF-induced tubulogenesis by MDCK cells have not been thoroughly studied. Because cell-matrix interactions play important roles in tubulogenesis, we analyzed whether HGF altered the expression of extracellular matrix receptor (alpha2, alpha3, beta1 and alphavbeta3 integrin). We found that among those proteins examined, alpha2beta1 integrin levels were enhanced by HGF. HGF-induced upregulation of alpha2beta1 integrin was mediated via upregulation of alpha2 integrin mRNA abundance. Cycloheximide blocked the HGF-induced increase in alpha2 integrin mRNA expression. To understand the signaling pathways leading to an HGF-induced increase in alpha2beta1 integrin levels, PD98059 (MEK1 inhibitor), LY294002 (PI3-kinase inhibitor), and GF109203X (PKC inhibitor) were used. We found that PD98059 blocked the HGF-induced increase in alpha2beta1 integrin expression. Furthermore, 5E8 (specific anti-alpha2beta1 integrin antibody) was employed to elucidate the potential role of HGF-induced upregulation of alpha2beta1 integrin in branching morphogenesis. 5E8 did not alter HGF-induced scattering effects but disrupted HGF-induced branching tubulogenesis in collagen gel via inhibition of cell-cell interactions and growth. Taken together, HGF upregulates alpha2beta1 integrin expression via an indirect pathway, the results of which contribute to the regulation of cell-cell interactions and cell growth during branching morphogenesis in collagen gel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, National Cheng Kung University Medical College, Tainan, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Sue-Jean
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Si-Tse
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yang-Kao
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-Jer
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D048429:Cell Size; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005782:Gels; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D038982:Integrin alpha2beta1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D005782:Gels; D038982:Integrin alpha2beta1; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D003094:Collagen; D003513:Cycloheximide; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; C482125:MAP2K1 protein, human; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one