title: Different patterns of immune responses but similar control of a simian-human immunodeficiency virus 89.6P mucosal challenge by modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) and DNA/MVA vaccines.
abstract: Recently we demonstrated the control of a mucosal challenge with a pathogenic chimera of simian and human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV-89.6P) by priming with a Gag-Pol-Env-expressing DNA and boosting with a Gag-Pol-Env-expressing recombinant modified vaccinia virus Ankara (DNA/MVA) vaccine. Here we evaluate the ability of the MVA component of this vaccine to serve as both a prime and a boost for an AIDS vaccine. The same immunization schedule, MVA dose, and challenge conditions were used as in the prior DNA/MVA vaccine trial. Compared to the DNA/MVA vaccine, the MVA-only vaccine raised less than 1/10 the number of vaccine-specific T cells but 10-fold-higher titers of binding antibody for Env. Postchallenge, the animals vaccinated with MVA alone increased their CD8 cell numbers to levels that were similar to those seen in DNA/MVA-vaccinated animals. However, they underwent a slower emergence and contraction of antiviral CD8 T cells and were slower to generate neutralizing antibodies than the DNA/MVA-vaccinated animals. Despite this, by 5 weeks postchallenge, the MVA-only-vaccinated animals had achieved as good control of the viral infection as the DNA/MVA group, a situation that has held up to the present time in the trial (48 weeks postchallenge). Thus, MVA vaccines, as well as DNA/MVA vaccines, merit further evaluation for their ability to control the current AIDS pandemic.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Research Center and Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA.
authors.forename: Rama Rao
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Amara
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Villinger
authors.forename: Silvija I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Staprans
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Altman
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Montefiori
authors.forename: Natalia L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Kozyr
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Wyatt
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Earl
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Herndon
authors.forename: Harold M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: McClure
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: Harriet L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015685:Fusion Proteins, gag-pol / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology*; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015685:Fusion Proteins, gag-pol; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral; D019444:Vaccines, DNA