title: Long-term outcome of facial growth after functional endoscopic sinus surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine whether functional endoscopic sinus (FES) surgery performed in children with chronic rhinosinusitis alters facial growth.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective age-matched cohort outcome study performed at a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-seven children participated. There were 46 boys and 21 girls, and the mean age was 3.1 years at presentation and 13.2 years at follow-up. There were 46 children who underwent FES surgery and 21 children who did not undergo FES surgery. Quantitative anthropomorphic analysis was performed using 12 standard facial measurements. A facial plastic expert performed qualitative facial analysis. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses showed no statistical significance in facial growth between children who underwent FES surgery and those who did not undergo FES surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, there was no evidence that FES surgery affected facial growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results will aid physicians when discussing with parents the risks of FES surgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Washington University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA. bothwellm@health.missouri.com
authors.forename: Marcella R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bothwell
authors.forename: Jay F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Piccirillo
authors.forename: Rodney P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Lusk
authors.forename: Brock D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Ridenour
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000254:growth & development*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000601:surgery*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed