title: Marked elevation of macrophage migration inhibitory factor in the peritoneal fluid of women with endometriosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the presence of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in the peritoneal fluid of normal fertile women and patients with endometriosis and its growth-promoting activity toward human endothelial cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study using ELISA to measure peritoneal fluid MIF, and [3H]-thymidine incorporation into the DNA of human endothelial cells to assess its mitogenic activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gynecology clinic and human reproduction research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six healthy women and 57 women with endometriosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peritoneal fluid samples were obtained at laparoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Macrophage migration inhibitory factor concentrations in the peritoneal fluid samples and [3H]-thymidine incorporation into the DNA of human microvascular endothelial cells to assess proliferation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study demonstrated the presence of MIF in the peritoneal fluid and a 238% increase of MIF levels in women with endometriosis as compared with healthy women. Both fertile and infertile women with endometriosis had significantly higher MIF concentrations than did fertile women with normal gynecological status, but the difference was more significant in infertile endometriosis patients. Anti-MIF antibody significantly inhibited proliferation of human microvascular endothelial cells in response to peritoneal fluids from healthy women and women with endometriosis stages I-II and III-IV, as assessed by [3H]-thymidine incorporation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed the presence of MIF in the peritoneal fluid and its increased levels in endometriosis and suggests that MIF may be involved in endometriosis-associated infertility and angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'endocrinologie de la Reproduction, Centre de Recherche, Pavillon Saint-François d'Assise, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Rouslan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kats
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Collette
authors.forename: Christine N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akoum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors