title: Use of the "SMITEST" PSA card to identify the presence of prostate-specific antigen in semen and male urine.
abstract: To determine whether the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) could be identified in semen using the "SMITEST" PSA immunochromatographic membrane test card, we examined semen and other body fluids, including urine. Although PSA activity was detected in semen with high sensitivity using the "SMITEST" PSA card, it was also detected in adult male urine. However, the lower detectable limit in the urine was 1000-fold lower than that in semen. The concentration of PSA in adult male urine was found to be 800 ng/ml using the card. PSA activity usually can be detected in urine of individuals over 14 years old and it has been detected in urine from children as young as 11 years old. Therefore, the appearance of PSA in urine may occur anytime between the age of 12 and 14 years. To determine the stability of PSA activity in urine, dried samples of urine on filter paper were kept at room temperature for up to 3 years. Although the immunoreactive line showing PSA activity became weak after storage, it was still detectable, but faint, after 3 years. In addition, PSA activity was not detected in male serum or saliva and in the urine from human females, male cats or male dogs using the PSA card. We conclude that the PSA card is useful for identification of PSA in both semen and adult male urine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, 2-16-1 Sugao, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan. itaru-s@m2.ocv.ne.jp
authors.forename: Itaru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Morihisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sagi
authors.forename: Atsuya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishiwari
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishijima
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Toshiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mukai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D012661:Semen / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen