title: Left atrial radiofrequency compartmentalization for chronic atrial fibrillation during heart surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The excellent results of the Maze III operation have demonstrated that a surgical cure of atrial fibrillation (AF) is possible. A simplified Maze procedure with radiofrequency (RF)ablation of the atrial tissue added to open heart surgery may help to cure chronic AF with low risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  From May 1998 to March 2001, an RF left atrial compartmentalization concomitant to a cardiac surgical intervention was performed on 40 of 1,258 patients (3.2 %). Thirty-seven patients had mitral valve disease, two had aortic valve disease and one had coronary artery disease. All patients presented with chronic refractory AF for a mean time of 40.4 months ranging from 4 months to 18 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mitral valve replacement (MVR) was performed in 19 patients, mitral valve repair in 12, combined aortic and mitral valve procedures were performed in 6, aortic valve replacement(AVR) in 2 and CABG in 1 patient. Cardiopulmonary bypass time for the complete procedure was 138 +/- 32 minutes with an ablation time of 19 +/- 5 minutes. No complication related to RF application was noted. Sinus rhythm was present in 68% after 12.5 +/- 8.5 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RF left atrial compartmentalization combined with cardiac surgical interventions proved to be easy and safe to perform. The long-term results still have to be confirmed with further regular patient follow-up examinations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland. Patrick.Ruchat@chuv.hospvd.ch
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ruchat
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schlaepfer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delabays
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hurni
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Milne
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Von Segesser
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000601:surgery