title: European best practice guidelines for renal transplantation. Section IV: Long-term management of the transplant recipient. IV.2.1 Differential diagnosis of chronic graft dysfunction.
abstract: A. Any significant deterioration in graft function should be investigated using the appropriate diagnostic tools and, if possible, therapeutic interventions should be initiated. The usual causes of a decline in glomerular filtration rate after the first year include transplant-specific causes such as chronic allograft nephropathy, acute rejection episodes, chronic calcineurin inhibitor nephrotoxicity, transplant renal artery stenosis and ureteric obstruction, as well as immunodeficiency-related causes and non-transplant-related causes, such as recurrent or de novo renal diseases and bacterial infections. B. Any new onset and persistent proteinuria of >0.5 g/24 h should be investigated and therapeutic interventions should be initiated. The usual causes include chronic allograft nephropathy and transplant glomerulopathy, and recurrent or de novo glomerulonephritis.
mesh_terms: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D016572:Cyclosporine