title: Upper molar distalization: a critical analysis.
abstract: Traditional upper molar distalization techniques require patient co-operation with the headgear or elastics. Recently, several different intraoral procedures have been introduced to minimize the need for patient co-operation. This article reviews the appliances currently available for maxillary molar distalization and critically analyses their dentoalveolar and skeletal effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Pavia, I.R.C.C.S., University Hospital San Matteo, Italy.
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Sfondrini
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cacciafesta
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sfondrini
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy; D008437:Maxilla; D008963:Molar; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D010349:Patient Compliance; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*