title: Involving users in the design and usability evaluation of a clinical decision support system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To design and evaluate a clinical decision support system (CDSS) to support cardiovascular risk prevention in type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A preliminary requirements specification and three prototype CDSS interface designs were developed. Seven patients and seven clinicians conducted 'usability tests' on five different task scenarios with the CDSS prototypes to test its effectiveness, efficiency and 'user-friendliness'. Structured, qualitative questions explored their preferences for the different designs and overall impressions of clinical usefulness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients and clinicians were enthusiastic about the CDSS and used it confidently after a short learning period. Some patients had difficulty interpreting clinical data, but most were keen to see the CDSS used to help them understand their diabetes, provided a clinician explained their results. Clinicians' main concern was that the CDSS would increase consultation times. Changes suggested by users were incorporated into the final interface design.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have successfully incorporated patients' and clinicians' views into the design of a CDSS, but it was an arduous process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes/Endocrinology, Hope Hospital, Salford, Manchester M6 8HD, UK.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: Phil
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marsden
authors.forename: Pat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soden
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Naylor
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: New
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dornan
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020000:Decision Support Systems, Clinical; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000145:classification*; D006801:Humans; D010358:Patient Participation; D010819:Physician's Role; D012985:Software Design