title: DNA and protein changes caused by disease in human breast tissues probed by the Kubelka-Munk spectral functional.
abstract: Malignant, fibroadenoma, normal and adipose breast tissues were studied using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. The absorption spectra of the breast tissues were extracted from the diffuse reflectance spectra using the Kubelka-Munk function (K-M function). The spectral features of the K-M function were identified and compared with those of the absorption spectra. The spectral features of the K-M function were assigned to DNA, protein, beta-carotene and hemoglobin (oxygenated and deoxygenated) molecules in the breast tissue. The amplitudes of the K-M function averaged from 275 to 285 nm and from 255 to 265 nm and were found to be different for malignant, fibroadenoma and normal tissues. These differences were attributed to changes in proteins and DNA. A set of critical parameters was determined for separating malignant tissues from fibroadenoma and normal tissues. This approach should hold for other tissue types such as cervix, uterus and colon.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Ultrafast Spectroscopy and Lasers, New York State Center for Advanced Technology for Ultrafast Photonic Materials and Applications, The City College and Graduate School of the City University of New York, 10031, USA.
authors.forename: Yuanlong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Celmer
authors.forename: Jason A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Koutcher
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Alfano
mesh_terms: D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018226:Fibroadenoma / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D004247:DNA