Apoptosis and inflammation in renal reperfusion injury.
Ischemia followed by reperfusion (I/R) has cardinal implications in the pathogenesis of organ transplantation and rejection. Apoptosis and inflammation are central mechanisms leading to organ damage in the course of renal I/R. General aspects of apoptosis, morphology, induction, and biochemistry are discussed. Activated caspases, the classical effector enzymes of apoptosis, are able to induce not only apoptosis but also inflammation after I/R in experimental models. This redefines the involvement of apoptosis in I/R injury toward a central and functional role in the development of organ damage. Our purpose is to assess aspects of apoptosis and inflammation in terms of involvement in the pathogenesis of I/R-induced organ damage. Moreover, the implications of recent experimental advances for diagnosis and treatment of renal I/R injury in clinical practice will be discussed.
Daemen
Marc A R C
MA
Department of General Surgery, University of Maastricht, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
de Vries
Bart
B
Buurman
Wim A
WA
D017209:Apoptosis; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology*