title: Effect of orlistat in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes treated with metformin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of orlistat, a gastrointestinal lipase inhibitor, on body weight, glycemic control, and cardiovascular risk factors in metformin-treated type 2 diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 1-year multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of 120 mg orlistat t.i.d. (n = 249) or placebo (n = 254) combined with a reduced-calorie diet was conducted in overweight and obese patients with suboptimal control of type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 1 year of treatment, mean (+/-SE) weight loss was greater in the orlistat than in the placebo group (-4.6 +/- 0.3% vs. -1.7 +/- 0.3% of baseline wt, P < 0.001). Orlistat treatment caused a greater improvement in glycemic control than placebo, as evidenced by a greater reduction in serum HbA(1c), adjusted for changes in metformin and sulfonylurea therapy (-0.90 +/- 0.08 vs. -0.61 +/- 0.08, P = 0.014); a greater proportion of patients achieving decreases in HbA(1c) of > or = 0.5 and > or = 1.0% (both P < 0.01); and a greater reduction in fasting serum glucose (-2.0 +/- 0.2 vs. -0.7 +/- 0.2 mmol/l, P = 0.001). Compared with the placebo group, patients treated with orlistat also had greater decreases in total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and systolic blood pressure (all P < 0.05). Although more subjects treated with orlistat experienced gastrointestinal side effects than placebo (83 vs. 62%, P < 0.05), more subjects in the placebo group withdrew prematurely from the study than in the orlistat group (44 vs. 35%, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orlistat is a useful adjunctive treatment for producing weight loss and improving glycemic control, serum lipid levels, and blood pressure in obese patients with type 2 diabetes who are being treated with metformin.
authors.affiliation: Lipid and Diabetes Research Center, St. Lukes Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri, USA. miles.john@mayo.edu
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Miles
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leiter
authors.forename: Priscilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hollander
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wadden
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Foreyt
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aronne
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007783:Lactones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008923:Missouri; D009765:Obesity; D000077403:Orlistat; D010919:Placebos; D044469:Racial Groups
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007783:Lactones; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010919:Placebos; D008687:Metformin; D000077403:Orlistat; D002784:Cholesterol