title: Related IgA1 and IgG producing cells in blood and diseased mucosa in ulcerative colitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease in which the colonic mucosa is infiltrated with plasma cells producing IgG autoantibodies. It is not known whether this represents a local mucosal response which has switched to IgG or a peripheral response which may have been initiated by peripheral antigen which homed to the colonic mucosa. The clonal distribution of IgG secreting cells and isotype switched variants in UC is not known.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clonal distribution of mucosal IgG in UC and to search for related IgG and IgA secreting cells in normal and diseased mucosa and blood in UC. To investigate characteristics which may discriminate between the mucosal and peripheral repertoire in the normal mucosa and in UC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood and normal and diseased mucosa from two patients with UC were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunoglobulin gene analysis and clone specific polymerase chain reaction were used to study the clonal distribution and characteristics of IgG and related IgA in the mucosa and blood of patients with UC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IgG response in the mucosa of UC patients included widespread clones of cells that were present in both the diseased mucosa and blood but that were scarce in normal mucosa. Clonally related IgA class switch variants, all IgA1, were detected but also only in the diseased mucosa and blood. This suggests that these clones home preferentially to the diseased mucosa. We showed that J(H)1 usage was characteristic of the peripheral repertoire, and that examples of J(H)1 usage were observed in mucosal IgG in UC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, these data are consistent with a model of UC in which a peripheral response is expressed and expanded in the colonic mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, St Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Palace Rd, London SE1 7EH, UK.
authors.forename: V C
authors.initials: VC
authors.lastname: Thoree
authors.forename: S J C
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Golby
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boursier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hackett
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Dunn-Walters
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sanderson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spencer
mesh_terms: D000921:Antibody-Producing Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002999:Clone Cells; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D003106:Colon / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D007074:Immunoglobulin G