title: Beta2-glycoprotein I dependent anticardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulant in patients with recurrent pregnancy loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study was aimed to define the incidence of antiphospholipid antibodies of different types lupus anticoagulant (LAC), venereal disease research laboratory test (VDRL) and Beta2-glycoprotein I dependent anticardiolipin antibodies Beta2 I aCL) in our cohort of population experiencing recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) from Andhra Pradesh, South India.
  
  
  METHODS
  A referral case-control study at a tertiary centre over a period of 5 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  150 couples experiencing 3 or more recurrent pregnancy losses with similar number of matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  LAC activity was measured by the activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) according to the method of Proctor and Rapaport with relevant modifications. VDRL analysis was performed by the kit method supplied by Ranbaxy Diagnostics Limited and Beta2 Glycoprotein I dependent anticardiolipin antibodies were estimated by ELISA kit (ORGen Tech, GmbH, Germany) with human Beta2 Glycoprotein I as co-factor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LAC activity was found positive in 11 women (10.28%). The mean +/- SE Beta2 I aCL concentration in the study group was 14.53 (micro/ml) +/- 1.79 (range 0 to 90.4 micro/ml) which was higher than the control group with a mean +/- SE of 7.26 (micro/ml) +/- 0.40 (range 0 to 18 u/ml). The binding of the antibodies to the antigen was observed in 40.24% (n=33) of the cases compared to 6.09% (n=5) in controls. VDRL test was positive in 7(2.34%) individuals (3 couples and 1 male partner) and none among controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates the importance of antiphospholipid antibodies in women experiencing RPL and suggests the usefulness of screening for these antibodies as a mandatory routine for instituting efficient therapeutic regimens for a successful outcome of pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics and Hospital for Genetic Diseases, Osmania University, Begumpet, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: K S D
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jyothy
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Rani
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Reddy
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood*; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood; D002308:Cardiolipins / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor / Q000097:blood*; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000097:blood*; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D002308:Cardiolipins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; C054448:VDRL antigen; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; D002784:Cholesterol