title: Pluripotency of mesenchymal stem cells derived from adult marrow.
abstract: We report here that cells co-purifying with mesenchymal stem cells--termed here multipotent adult progenitor cells or MAPCs--differentiate, at the single cell level, not only into mesenchymal cells, but also cells with visceral mesoderm, neuroectoderm and endoderm characteristics in vitro. When injected into an early blastocyst, single MAPCs contribute to most, if not all, somatic cell types. On transplantation into a non-irradiated host, MAPCs engraft and differentiate to the haematopoietic lineage, in addition to the epithelium of liver, lung and gut. Engraftment in the haematopoietic system as well as the gastrointestinal tract is increased when MAPCs are transplanted in a minimally irradiated host. As MAPCs proliferate extensively without obvious senescence or loss of differentiation potential, they may be an ideal cell source for therapy of inherited or degenerative diseases.
authors.affiliation: Stem Cell Institute, University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Yuehua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Balkrishna N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Jahagirdar
authors.forename: R Lee
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: C Dirk
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Keene
authors.forename: Xilma R
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Ortiz-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Morayma
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reyes
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lenvik
authors.forename: Troy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blackstad
authors.forename: Jingbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aldrich
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lisberg
authors.forename: Walter C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Low
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Largaespada
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Verfaillie
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D019070:Cell Lineage; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D064987:Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy; D004475:Ectoderm / Q000166:cytology; D004707:Endoderm / Q000166:cytology; D004727:Endothelium / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology* / Q000637:transplantation; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011828:Radiation Chimera; D051381:Rats; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*