title: A 588-gene microarray analysis of the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of spondyloarthropathy patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify genes which are more highly expressed in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of patients with spondyloarthropathy (SpA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA), in comparison to normal subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 588-gene microarray was used as a screening tool to select a panel of such genes from PBMC of these subjects and of normal subjects. Results were then validated by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The following genes were more highly expressed in arthritis patients than in normal subjects: macrophage differentiation marker MNDA (myeloid nuclear differentiation antigen), MRP8 and MRP14 (migratory inhibitory factor-related proteins); signalling molecules JAK3 (janus kinase 3) and MAP kinase p38 (mitogen-activated protein kinase); receptors TNFR2/p75, C-C-chemokine receptor type 1 (CCR1), C-X-C-chemokine receptor type 4 (CXCR4) and integrin beta1; and the cytokines/chemokines interleukin (IL) 1beta and IL-8. Expression of CXCR4 was unexpectedly high among all arthritis subjects. Using RT-PCR, ELISA and immunohistology, expression of stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) was demonstrated in arthritis joints.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CXCR4/SDF-1 is a potential pro-inflammatory axis for RA, PsA and SpA.
authors.affiliation: University of California at Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Märker-Hermann
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baeten
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gladman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deister
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kuipers
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Y W
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Maksymowych
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kalsi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bannai
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Seta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rihl
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Crofford
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Veys
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Keyser
authors.forename: D T Y
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D015535:Arthritis, Psoriatic / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D005819:Genetic Markers; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D004247:DNA