title: Epidemiological correlation between chromium content in gallstones and cholesterol in blood.
abstract: The authors measured the chromium in gallstones and bile from patients in three areas (Kawasaki (a city adjacent to Tokyo) in Japan, Chiang Mai and Bangkok in Thailand) by means of neutron activation analysis. The chromium in three types of gallstones (cholesterol, pigment, and rare stones) and bile from patients living in Bangkok were evidently larger than those from patients living in Kawasaki and Chiang Mai. The high chromium intake by Bangkok patients continued from the start of gallstone formation until the time the stones were removed. The total-cholesterol, triglyceride, and hemoglobin A(1C) levels in the blood from Bangkok residents with high chromium intake over a long period were clearly lower than those of Japanese and Chiang Mai residents. The authors showed that the high dietary intake of chromium over a long period may play a role in the lowering of total-cholesterol, triglyceride, and hemoglobin A(1C) in blood.
authors.affiliation: Center for Digestive Diseases, Second Hospital, Nippon Medical School, Kawasaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shigeta
authors.forename: Supachai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ratanamaneechat
authors.forename: Songphol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srisukho
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yukichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Surapol
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suwanagool
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000601:surgery; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000172:deficiency; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D002857:Chromium; D002784:Cholesterol