title: A skin sensitization safety assessment of a new bleach activator technology in detergent applications.
abstract: A new chemical called nonanoyl amido caproylacid oxybenzenesulphonate (NACAOBS) is being developed for use as a bleach activator in laundry detergents. Bleach activators, like NACAOBS, are typically used at levels between 2% and 6% in laundry detergents. NACAOBS is stable in aqueous solutions, but undergoes rapid perhydrolysis when combined with water and peroxygen bleach in laundry detergents. Animal testing demonstrated that NACAOBS, as a raw material, is a weak skin sensitizer. Clinical testing, including extended simulated laundry pretreatment, human repeat insult patch testing and home use testing was then undertaken, following sufficient reassurance of 1) the weak sensitization potential of the substance, 2) its rapid degradation in laundry wash solutions and, consequently, 3) low-to-negligible consumer dermal exposures to the native substance. Results confirmed the skin sensitization safety profile of laundry detergents containing NACAOBS, namely the absence of any reaction suggestive of contact sensitization (even under exaggerated dermal exposure conditions in a detergent matrix), and a skin compatibility profile comparable to that of current detergents. Further confirmation of the skin safety profile was obtained from a successful 12-month market test of a granular detergent containing 3.6% of the new substance, during which not a single adverse skin reaction was reported. In addition, NOBS (an oxybenzenesulphonate structural analogue to NACAOBS) has similar toxicological properties and has been safely marketed in detergents at similar levels for many years. It can be concluded that the likelihood of NACAOBS to induce skin sensitization or even elicit allergic reactions in consumer detergent use scenarios is negligible.
authors.affiliation: Procter & Gamble Eurocor, Strombeek-Bever, Belgium.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roggeband
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Helmlinger
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: K-P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Gerberick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001557:Benzenesulfonates / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000633:toxicity; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003902:Detergents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D012882:Skin Tests; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001557:Benzenesulfonates; D003902:Detergents; C465962:nonanoyl amido caproylacid oxybenzenesulfonate; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite