title: Interaction of double-chained cationic surfactants, dimethyldialkylammoniums, with erythrocyte membranes: stabilization of the cationic vesicles by phosphatidylcholines with unsaturated fatty acyl chains.
abstract: We studied the interaction of double-chained cationic surfactants, dimethyldialkylammoniums, (CH3)2N+(CnH2n+1)2, with the lipid bilayer of guinea-pig erythrocytes by observing the haemolysis, aggregation and shape change in the erythrocytes. In the presence of sonicated dispersions of the five dimethyldialkylammoniums tested (n = 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18), haemolysis was induced dose dependently, and at 0.1 mM or higher concentrations, haemolysis was induced more rapidly by dimethyldialkylammoniums with shorter alkyl chains. The cationic surfactants with longer alkyl chains, such as dimethyldipalmitylammonium, induced aggregation of the erythrocytes before haemolysis fully progressed. The vesicles of these long-chain dimethyldialkylammoniums in the presence of phosphatidylcholines with unsaturated fatty acyl chains markedly reduced the haemolysis rates. Furthermore, in the presence of phosphatidylcholines with unsaturated acyl chains the formation of tightly aggregated structures of several erythrocytes was observed. These findings, and analysis by spin label 5-doxylstearic acid, indicate that phosphatidylcholines enriched with unsaturated acyl chains stabilize the cationic vesicles of long-chain dimethyldialkylammoniums and the interaction with the lipid bilayer of erythrocyte membranes as cationic vesicles became prominent.
authors.affiliation: Nigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Fuyuko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hiyama
authors.forename: Miwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Reiho
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004903:Erythrocyte Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000187:drug effects*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000737:chemistry*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D008560:Membrane Fluidity / Q000187:drug effects; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013501:Surface-Active Agents