title: Fatal myeloencephalitis following yellow fever vaccination in a case with HIV infection.
abstract: A 53 year old physically healthy man, unaware of any immunocompromised condition developed rapidly fatal myelomeningoencephalitis following a live-attenuated yellow fever vaccination. He was found to have asymptomatic HIV infection with high viral loads and low CD4 counts. This is the first reported case of such an incidence in the world literature. It is strongly suggested that in countries where HIV infection is endemic, an HIV blood test should be performed prior to the yellow fever vaccination and the vaccine should not be given to those immunocompromised persons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Vichaiyut Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Kitisak
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kengsakul
authors.forename: Kriengkrai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sathirapongsasuti
authors.forename: Sompone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Punyagupta
mesh_terms: D004679:Encephalomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects; D015004:Yellow Fever / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022341:Yellow Fever Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D022341:Yellow Fever Vaccine