title: Effect of extracellular magnesium on nerve-mediated and acetylcholine-evoked in vitro amylase release in rat parotid gland tissue.
abstract: In this study the effects of changes in extracellular magnesium ([Mg(2+)](o)) and calcium ([Ca(2+)](o)) concentrations on basal and on nerve-mediated and acetylcholine (ACh)-evoked in vitro amylase release and calcium mobilization were investigated in rat parotid gland tissue. In the presence of a normal (2.56 mM) [Ca(2+)](o), both zero (0 mM) and an elevated (10 mM) [Mg(2+)](o) significantly attenuated basal and ACh-evoked amylase release compared to the response obtained in normal (1.1 mM) [Mg(2+)](o). During electrical field stimulation (EFS) of parotid tissues, only elevated [Mg(2+)](o) reduced amylase release. In a Ca(2+)-free medium, both basal and ACh-evoked amylase output were markedly reduced compared to the responses obtained under similar conditions in normal [Ca(2+)](o). Again, the ACh-induced amylase release in a Ca(2+)-free solution was larger in normal [Mg(2+)](o) than when the [Mg(2+)](o) was either zero or was elevated to 10 mM. Perturbation of [Mg(2+)](o) had no significant effect on basal intracellular free calcium concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) in parotid acinar cells loaded with the fluorescent Ca(2+) indicator fura-2. Both zero Mg(2+) and an elevated [Mg(2+)](o) significantly reduced the ACh-induced rise in the peak and the plateau phase of the Ca(2+) transient that was seen in normal [Mg(2+)](o). In parotid acinar cells loaded with the fluorescent Mg(2+) indicator magfura-2, ACh elicited a gradual decrease in intracellular free Mg(2+) concentration ([Mg(2+)](i)) to below the basal level. The results indicate that both hypo- and hypermagnesaemia may reduce both basal and ACh-evoked amylase secretion from the salivary gland. As far as the ACh-evoked response is concerned, the effect may be exerted by a decrease in cellular Ca(2+) transport.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, Department of Physiology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Yago
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Mata
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mañas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000681:Amylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D016257:Fura-2; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008274:Magnesium / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000294:innervation*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D000681:Amylases; D008274:Magnesium; D000109:Acetylcholine; D016257:Fura-2