title: Physician behavior towards male and female problem drinkers: a controlled study using simulated patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence suggests that physicians are less likely to identify alcohol problems in females than in males.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the performance of family medicine residents with male and female simulated patients (SPs) posing as problem drinkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six family medicine residents completed a baseline survey on knowledge and attitudes towards problem drinkers. Each resident was then visited by one male and female unannounced SP. The male and female roles were similar with respect to presenting complaint (in somnia or hypertension), age, social class, and drinking history.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Residents expressed slightly more positive attitudes towards female than male patients (3.32 vs. 3.09, p < .001). Residents scored higher with undetected male than with undetected female SPs on the assessment checklist (5.1 vs. 3.2, p < .045), the management checklist (4.4 vs. 3.2, p = .032), and an interpersonal rating scale (the Alcohol Skills Rating Form; 5.5 vs. 4.7, p = .023).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Educational programs should focus on improving physicians' clinical skills in the identification and treatment of alcohol problems in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family & Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. wilsol@stjoe.on.ca
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Meldon
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kahan
authors.forename: Eleanor
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Joan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brewster
authors.forename: Mark B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Sobell
authors.forename: Linda C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Sobell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D005194:Family Practice / Q000193:education; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D016544:Patient Simulation; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations