title: A role for tumor necrosis factor alpha in death of dopaminergic neurons following neural transplantation.
abstract: Poor survival of transplanted dopaminergic (DA) neurons remains a serious obstacle to the success of cell replacement therapy as an alternative to the current treatments for Parkinson's disease (PD). We have examined the temporal release profile of an inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), following transplantation of fetal mesencephalic tissue into the rat striatum. The amounts of TNFalpha released in vivo when added to cultures of embryonic DA neurons, significantly reduced the survival of DA neurons in vitro, and this cell death could be prevented by the inclusion of an antibody to the TNFalpha receptor type 1. Inclusion of this antibody in cell suspensions during transplantation also increased the survival of transplanted fetal DA neurons by approximately 250%. Use of this therapeutic antibody approach may offer significant improvements to neural transplantation as a treatment for PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Anatomy and Genetics, South Parks Road, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Deborah J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Branton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015703:Antigens, CD; D016380:Brain Tissue Transplantation; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000628:therapy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004298:Dopamine