[Interstitial cells of subcortical white matter, their connections, neurochemical specialization, and the role in histogenesis of the cortex].
The literature data and the results of authors' own investigations are presented describing development, structure and neurochemical specialization of interstitial cells of white matter (ICWM) of mammalian animal and human brain. ICWM are derivatives of embryonic subplate and they are conserved in ontogenesis as the residual cellular population of primordial plexiform layer. Main regularities of corticogenesis are considered: neurogenetic "inside-outside" gradient, "radial units" hypothesis, "protomap" model and "handshake" principle of thalamocortical connections formation. Morphogenesis of ICWM is associated with cortical neurons differentiation, modular architectonics and interneuronal connections development. Postnatally these cells form distant connections with neurons of gray matter, express NO-synthase and neuropeptide Y. Alteration of ICWM is associated with the pathogenesis of some neurodegenerative disorders, schisophrenia and Alzheimer's disease. The data obtained support the point of view that permits to consider ICWM as the local cortical interneurons.
Okhotin
V E
VE
Laboratory of Neurogenetics and Developmental Genetics, Institute of Gene Biology, RAS, Moscow.
Kalinichenko
S G
SG
D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D006801:Humans; D009024:Morphogenesis; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000145:classification / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*