title: Her-2/neu expression and gene amplification in gastrinomas: correlations with tumor biology, growth, and aggressiveness.
abstract: A proportion of gastrointestinal neuroendocrine tumors are aggressive; however, little is known of molecular determinants of their growth, and molecular studies have identified no useful prognostic factors. Overexpression of HER-2/neu is common in some nonendocrine tumors, frequently correlates with increased tumor aggressiveness, and can be used as a basis of treatment with trastuzumab. Little is known of its expression in malignant pancreatic endocrine tumors. In the present study HER-2/neu gene amplification and expression was determined in 43 gastrinomas from different patients. Results were correlated with clinical, laboratory, and tumor characteristics including tumor growth. HER-2/neu gene amplification was assessed by differential PCR, mRNA levels assessed by quantitative PCR, and protein by immunohistochemistry. Fourteen percent of patients had HER-2/neu gene amplification in tumors compared with levels in their WBCs. HER-2/neu mRNA varied over a 700-fold range. However, only 3% exceeded levels seen in normal pancreas, and immunohistochemistry did not show protein overexpression in any tumor (n = 10). HER-2/neu mRNA levels were significantly higher (P = 0.032) in tumors associated with liver metastases but not with tumor location or size. These results show that HER-2/neu amplification/overexpression does not seem to play a role in the molecular pathogenesis of most gastrinomas, as suggested in a previous study involving small numbers of cases. However, mild gene amplification occurs in a subset, and overexpression is associated with aggressiveness. Therefore, HER-2/neu levels could have prognostic significance as well as identify a patient subset with gastrinomas who might benefit from trastuzumab treatment.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1804, USA.
authors.forename: Stephan U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Goebel
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raffeld
authors.forename: Fathia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gibril
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serrano
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015408:Gastrinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005784:Gene Amplification; D015870:Gene Expression; D018734:Genes, erbB-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases