title: IGF-I is critical for normal vascularization of the human retina.
abstract: Experimental and clinical studies suggest that GH and IGF-I may be involved in neovascularization of the retina in diabetes and retinopathy of prematurity. However, the role of GH and IGF-I has not been well established in normal retinal vessel development in humans. Therefore, we examined retinal vessel morphology by digital image analysis of ocular fundus photographs in 13 patients with genetic defects of the GH/IGF-I axis and low levels of IGF-I during and after normal retinal vessel growth. Eleven patients (four females and seven males aged 10-49 yr) had defects of the GH receptor (Laron syndrome). One male (20 yr) had a partial deletion of the IGF-I gene, and one female (14 yr) had a single allele deletion of the IGF-I receptor gene. Patients with defects in the GH/IGF-I axis had significantly less retinal vascularization as evidenced by lower number of vascular branching points (median 23, range 16-25), compared with the reference group of 100 normal controls (median 28, range 19-40, P < 0.001). All 13 individuals had vascular branching points below the median of the reference group. This is the first study to provide genetic evidence for a role of the GH and IGF-I system in retinal vascularization in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Section of Ophthalmology, Research Center for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sahlgrenska Academy of Göteborg University, S-416 85 Göteborg, Sweden. ann.hellstrom@medfak.gu.se
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hellström
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carlsson
authors.forename: Aimon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niklasson
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Segnestam
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boguszewski
authors.forename: Luiz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Lacerda
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Savage
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: Lois
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Dov
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weinberger
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Albertsson Wikland
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Laron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D017353:Gene Deletion; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000502:physiology; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000235:genetics; D012016:Reference Values; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I