title: Outcome differences after endoscopic drainage of pancreatic necrosis, acute pancreatic pseudocysts, and chronic pancreatic pseudocysts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Comparative outcomes after endoscopic drainage of specific types of symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections, defined by using standardized nomenclature, have not been described. This study sought to determine outcome differences after attempted endoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections classified as pancreatic necrosis, acute pseudocyst, and chronic pseudocyst.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcomes were retrospectively analyzed for consecutive patients with symptoms caused by pancreatic fluid collections referred for endoscopic transmural and/or transpapillary drainage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete endoscopic resolution was achieved in 113 of 138 patients (82%). Resolution was significantly more frequent in patients with chronic pseudocysts (59/64, 92%) than acute pseudocysts (23/31, 74%, p = 0.02) or necrosis (31/43, 72%, p = 0.006). Complications were more common in patients with necrosis (16/43, 37%) than chronic (11/64, 17%, p = 0.02) or acute pseudocysts (6/31, 19%, p = NS). At a median follow-up of 2.1 years after successful endoscopic treatment (resolution), pancreatic fluid collections had recurred in 18 of 113 patients (16%). Recurrences developed more commonly in patients with necrosis (9/31, 29%) than acute pseudocysts (2/23, 9%, p = 0.07) or chronic pseudocysts (7/59, 12%, p = 0.047).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful resolution of pancreatic fluid collections may be achieved endoscopically by an experienced therapeutic endoscopist. Outcomes differ depending on the type of pancreatic fluid collection drained. Further studies of endoscopic drainage of pancreatic fluid collections must use defined terminology to allow meaningful comparisons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Mayo Medical Center, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Todd H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: Gavin C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Harewood
authors.forename: Desiree E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Munford Radford
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Yates
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D010192:Pancreatic Pseudocyst / Q000628:therapy*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome