title: Escalating association of Vibrio cholerae O139 with cholera outbreaks in India.
abstract: Between December 1999 and December 2000, teams from the National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Calcutta, India, examined eight outbreaks of cholera, which occurred in different parts of the country distant from each other. In two of these outbreaks each, only V. cholerae O1 biotype ElTor or V. cholerae O139 could be isolated, while in the remaining four outbreaks, both O1 and O139 were isolated. The interesting feature is the escalating association of V. cholerae O139 with outbreaks of cholera; two of the most recent outbreaks, one in Calcutta and one in Orissa, were caused exclusively by O139. The O139 strains from the six different outbreaks were genotypically closely related. These trends indicate a shift in the outbreak propensity of V. cholerae O139.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Calcutta, India.
authors.forename: Sutapa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinha
authors.forename: Rupa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: Keya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: De
authors.forename: Asis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Simanti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ramamurthy
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bhattacharya
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: G Balakrish
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Nair
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial