title: Effect of esculentoside A on autoimmunity in mice and its possible mechanisms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of esculentoside A (EsA) on autoimmunity in mice and its possible mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The level of anti-ds DNA antibody, proliferation of lymphoid cells, and inflammation by pathologic section of joint in mice were examined. The autoimmunity model is made through immunizing mice with formaldehyde treated Campylobacter jejuni strain CJ-S131 and Freund's complete adjuvant. The apoptosis of T cell was analyzed through morphology and flow cytometry (FACS). The expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in human umbilical vein endothelial cell line (ECV304) was determined by coupled reverse transcription and PCR amplification (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  EsA could potently lower the level of anti-ds DNA antibody, inhibit the proliferation of lymphoid cells, and ameliorate inflammation in the joint of model mouse. The apoptosis of thymocyte activated by ConA was markedly accelerated while the expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in ECV304 was decreased by EsA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EsA has the positive curative effect on autoimmunity in a mouse model, which may function through inhibition of expression of ICAM-1 mRNA in ECV304 and acceleration of thymocyte apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China. zhyxiao@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Zhen-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Qin-Yue
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jun-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yuan-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yang-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029603:Phytolacca / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012503:Saponins; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; C076297:esculentoside A; D009828:Oleanolic Acid