title: Effect of weight reduction on liver histology and biochemistry in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Steatosis occurs in more than 50% of patients with chronic hepatitis C and is associated with increased hepatic fibrosis. In many of these patients the pathogenesis of steatosis appears to be the same as for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease-that is, related to visceral adiposity and obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of a three month weight reduction programme on liver biochemistry and metabolic parameters was examined in 19 subjects with steatosis and chronic hepatitis C. Paired liver biopsies were performed in 10 subjects, prior to and 3-6 months following the intervention, to determine the effect of weight loss on liver histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a mean weight loss of 5.9 (3.2) kg and a mean reduction in waist circumference of 9.0 (5.0) cm. In 16 of the 19 patients, serum alanine aminotransferase levels fell progressively with weight loss. Mean fasting insulin fell from 16 (7) to 11 (4) mmol/l (p<0.002). Nine of 10 patients with paired liver biopsies had a reduction in steatosis irrespective of viral genotype. In these subjects the median modified Knodell fibrosis score decreased from 3 to 1 (p=0.04) and activated stellate cells significantly decreased (p<0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Weight loss in patients with chronic hepatitis C may be associated with a reduction in steatosis and abnormal liver enzymes and an improvement in fibrosis, despite the persistence of the virus. Weight reduction may provide an important adjunct treatment strategy for patients with chronic hepatitis C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Operational Support Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Hickman
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Clouston
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Macdonald
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Purdie
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Prins
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ash
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D000410:Alanine Transaminase