title: Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for screening contamination by chlorophenols in environmental waters.
abstract: The development of an immunoassay for screening contamination by chlorophenols is presented. Two haptens were synthesized and conjugated to immunizing proteins to raise rabbit polyclonal antibodies. The antibody-coated format (direct) gave better sensitivity than the conjugate-coated format (indirect) if 2,4,6-trichlorophenol is used as target analyte. The measurement range was 86.4 microg l(-1) to 0.7 microg l(-1), with an average I50 of 7.8 microg l(-1) and a detection limit of 0.2 microg l(-1). The assay detects the presence of trichloropyridinol and other chlorophenols such as di-, tetra- and pentachlorophenols constituting thus a suitable tool for the early warning of the presence of such family contaminants. The optimized method permits the detection of the most important chlorophenols in a fast and reproducible way using no more than one antibody and a single assay. The results achieved with water samples spiked with different chlorophenols fit with a multiple linear regression model when expressing the total concentration of chlorophenols as equivalent of 2,4,6-trichlorophenol (P < 0.01), demonstrating the usefulness of the assay as a screening tool to detect contamination by chlorophenols.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Química, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Noguera
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maquieira
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Puchades
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brunet
authors.forename: Ma Mar
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Carramolino
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Ubis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D011817:Rabbits; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D002733:Chlorophenols