title: Outcome after extended follow-up in a prospective study of operable breast cancer: key factors and a prognostic index.
abstract: In 1990, 215 patients with operable breast cancer were entered into a prospective study of the prognostic significance of five biochemical markers and 15 other factors (pathological/chronological/patient). After a median follow-up of 6.6 years, there were 77 recurrences and 77 deaths (59 breast cancer-related). By univariate analysis, patient outcome related significantly to 13 factors. By multivariate analysis, the most important of nine independent factors were: number of nodes involved, steroid receptors (for oestrogen or progestogen), age, clinical or pathological tumour size and grade. Receptors and grade exerted their influence only in the first 3 years. Progestogen receptors (immunohistochemical) and oestrogen receptors (biochemical) were of similar prognostic significance. The two receptors were correlated (r=+0.50, P=0.001) and displaced each other from the analytical model but some evidence for the additivity of their prognostic values was seen when their levels were discordant.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Surgery, Royal Infirmary NHS Trust, Edinburgh EH3 9YW, UK. richardhawkins5@btinternet.com
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Tesdale
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Prescott
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McIntyre
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: W J L
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Jack
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Chetty
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Killen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hulme
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone