title: [Causes, prognosis and prevention of cicatrical corneal astigmatism].
abstract: Penetrating wounds of the eyeball in 57-66% cases are associated with corneal involvement leading to the development of cicatricial astigmatism and decrease of the functional results. We investigated the causes of posttraumatic cicatricial corneal astigmatism, possibilities of its prediction, prevention, and correction. The results of treatment of 256 patients with corneal wounds and cicatrices are analyzed. Our analysis confirmed that the severity of astigmatism in corneal wounds directly depends on the wound size, edge status, direction, location, and structure of the forming cicatrix. Adequate and timely primary debridement of the corneal wound with intraoperative keratometric control plays the key role in minimization of cicatricial astigmatism. Early therapy with drugs stimulating the regeneration processes promotes more complete recovery of corneal tissue structure and decrease of astigmatism severity. Timely dosed slackening or removal of sutures makes possible modulation of astigmatism development. A formula is proposed, using which makes it possible, on the basis of initial data on the corneal wound, to estimate the possibility of corneal astigmatism, i.e. predict the outcome of the injury.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gundorova
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Sinel'shchikova
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Verigo
mesh_terms: D001251:Astigmatism / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000150:complications*; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015807:Eye Injuries, Penetrating / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis