title: Evaluation of coxsackievirus infection in children with human immunodeficiency virus type 1-associated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: In a matched case-control study of the association between coxsackieviruses and cardiac impairment, 24 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-infected children with cardiac impairment were compared with 24 HIV-1-infected control subjects. Serologic evidence of coxsackievirus infection was present in all children, with no significant difference in geometric mean antibody titers between case patients and control subjects. Conditional logistic regression to test for an association between coxsackievirus antibody titer and the presence or absence of cardiac impairment, by any indicator, showed an odds ratio of 1.11 (95% confidence interval, 0.58-2.10; P=.75), indicating no association between coxsackievirus infection and cardiac impairment. Coxsackievirus antibody titers correlated positively with total IgG levels in nonrapid progressors but not in rapid progressors. Paired serum samples taken before and after diagnosis of cardiac impairment in 5 patients showed no evidence of intervening coxsackievirus infection. These results do not identify a causal role for coxsackieviruses for cardiomyopathy in HIV-1-infected children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, MC 7811, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA. jenson@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: Hal B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Jenson
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Gauntt
authors.forename: Kirk A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Easley
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pitt
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lipshultz
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McIntosh
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Shearer
mesh_terms: D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male