Sustaining fisheries yields over evolutionary time scales.
Fishery management plans ignore the potential for evolutionary change in harvestable biomass. We subjected populations of an exploited fish (Menidia menidia) to large, small, or random size-selective harvest of adults over four generations. Harvested biomass evolved rapidly in directions counter to the size-dependent force of fishing mortality. Large-harvested populations initially produced the highest catch but quickly evolved a lower yield than controls. Small-harvested populations did the reverse. These shifts were caused by selection of genotypes with slower or faster rates of growth. Management tools that preserve natural genetic variation are necessary for long-term sustainable yield.
Conover
David O
DO
Marine Sciences Research Center, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-5000, USA. dconover@notes.cc.sunysb.edu
Munch
Stephan B
SB
D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D018533:Biomass; D001824:Body Constitution; D001835:Body Weight; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D005398:Fisheries; D005399:Fishes / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D013997:Time Factors