title: Hippocampal atrophy disrupts transfer generalization in nondemented elderly.
abstract: Specific reductions in hippocampal volume in nondemented elderly individuals with mild cognitive impairment have been shown to correlate with future development of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Hippocampal atrophy (HA) is also correlated with cognitive impairments, leading to the promise of behavioral markers for early AD. Prior theoretical work has suggested that hippocampal dysfunction may selectively impair generalization involving novel recombinations of familiar stimuli. In this study, nondemented elderly individuals were trained on a series of concurrent visual discriminations and were then tested for transfer when stimulus features were recombined in new ways. Presence or absence of HA, revealed by neuroimaging, was not correlated with concurrent discrimination performance; however, individuals with mild HA showed significant decreases in transfer performance relative to nonatrophied participants. These preliminary results suggest that even very mild degrees of hippocampal atrophy may be associated with subtle behavioral impairments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kluger
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Golomb
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferris
authors.forename: Mony J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: de Leon
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schnirman
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gluck
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis