title: Transmission of double-stranded RNA in Heterobasidion annosum.
abstract: Transmission of dsRNA viruses between homo- and heterokaryotic mycelia paired on agar plates and into conidia has been studied in Heterobasidion annosum. Horizontal transmission of dsRNA occurred between both homo- and heterokaryotic isolates, as well as between isolates belonging to different intersterility groups. The proportions of vertical transmission into conidia were 3% and 55%, respectively, for the two isolates included in the study. RT-PCR of dsRNA and PCR-RFLP of mitochondrial markers were used to confirm transmission of dsRNA between the cytoplasms of different mycelia. The identity of nuclei and nuclear migration during experiments were verified using PCR-RFLP of several nuclear markers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forest Mycology and Pathology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 7026, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden. katarina.ihrmark@mykopat.slu.se
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ihrmark
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Johannesson
authors.forename: Elna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stenström
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stenlid
mesh_terms: D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000821:virology*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D005819:Genetic Markers; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000502:physiology*; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000235:genetics*; D016662:Virus Integration / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded