title: Exciplex intermediates in photoinduced electron transfer of porphyrin-fullerene dyads.
abstract: The photoinduced electron transfer in differently linked zinc porphyrin-fullerene dyads and their free-base porphyrin analogues was studied in polar and nonpolar solvents with femto- to nanosecond absorption and emission spectroscopies. A new intermediate state, different from the locally excited (LE) chromophores and the complete charge-separated (CCS) state, was observed. It was identified as an exciplex. The exciplex preceded the CCS state in polar benzonitrile and the excited singlet state of fullerene in nonpolar toluene. The behavior of the dyads was modeled by using a common kinetic scheme involving equilibria between the exciplex and LE chromophores. The scheme is suitable for all the studied porphyrin-fullerene compounds. The rates of reaction steps depended on the type of linkage between the moieties. The scheme and Marcus theory were applied to calculate electronic couplings for sequential reactions, and consistent results were obtained.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Chemistry, Tampere University of Technology, P.O. Box 541, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. tero.kesti@tut.fi
authors.forename: Tero J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Kesti
authors.forename: Nikolai V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Tkachenko
authors.forename: Visa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vehmanen
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imahori
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuzumi
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lemmetyinen