Cyclooxygenase, lipoxygenase and tumor angiogenesis.
Arachidonic acid metabolism through cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) pathways generates various biologically active lipids that play important roles in inflammation, thrombosis and tumor progression. Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillary vessels from preexisting ones, underpins a number of physiological processes and participates in the development of several pathological conditions such as arthritis, cancer and various eye diseases. The formation of new capillary vessels is a multistep process that involves endothelial cell proliferation, migration and tube formation. In the present review, we survey the literature on the regulation of angiogenesis by arachidonate metabolites, especially those from the COX and 12-LOX pathways in the context of tumor growth, and put forward some unanswered but important questions for future studies.
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Department of Radiation Oncology, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA.
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D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D008084:Lipoxygenase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases