title: Inhibition of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cell proliferation by sodium spirulan, a new sulfated polysaccharide isolated from Spirulina platensis.
abstract: Sodium spirulan (Na-SP) is a sulfated polysaccharide isolated from the blue-green alga Spirulina platensis, which consists of two types of disaccharide repeating units, O-hexuronosyl-rhamnose (aldobiuronic acid) and O-rhamnosyl-3-O-methylrhamnose (acofriose) with sulfate groups, other minor saccharides and sodium ion. Vascular endothelial cells are present on the inner surface of blood vessels in a monolayer and have anticoagulant properties. To address the question whether Na-SP influences the maintenance of endothelial cell monolayers, we investigated the proliferation of cultured bovine aortic endothelial cells treated with Na-SP. It was found that Na-SP has an inhibitory activity on endothelial cell proliferation accompanied with suppression of whole protein synthesis but without non-specific cell damage. The inhibitory activity of Na-SP was the strongest when compared to that of heparan sulfate, heparin, dextran sulfate, dermatan sulfate, chondroitin sulfate A/C and hyaluronan. Furthermore, it was shown that the inhibitory activity of Na-SP disappeared by either desulfation or depolymerization. The present data suggest that Na-SP is a unique sulfated polysaccharide that strongly inhibits vascular endothelial cell proliferation, and the inhibitory activity requires polymerization of sulfated O-rhamnosyl-acofriose repeating units.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokuriku University, Kanazawa, Japan. t-kaji@hokuriku-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaji
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Chieko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Jung-Bum
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D002417:Cattle; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000458:Cyanobacteria; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D016264:Dextran Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006493:Heparin / Q000494:pharmacology; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D007930:Leucine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008358:Mannose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012964:Sodium / Q000737:chemistry; D013431:Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D006493:Heparin; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D007930:Leucine; D008358:Mannose; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012964:Sodium; D013431:Sulfates; D013936:Thymidine; D014316:Tritium; C465061:sodium spirulan; C102617:spirulan; C006396:acofriose