title: Relationship between left atrial appendage function and plasma concentration of atrial natriuretic peptide.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been reported that the most intensely granuled cardiocytes secreting atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) are located in the atrial appendages.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the mechanisms of ANP release in congestive heart failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The relationship between ANP and left atrial appendage (LAA) function was evaluated in 36 patients who underwent both transoesophageal echocardiography and cardiac catheterization. ANP level correlated positively with mean pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (mPCWP; r=0.75, P<0.0001), whereas it showed no significant correlation with the mean right atrial pressure. mPCWP correlated positively with the maximal LAA area (LAAa; r=0.79, P<0.0001) and negatively with the LAA ejection fraction during atrial contraction (LAA-EF; r=-0.61, P<0.0001) and peak late diastolic LAA emptying flow velocity (LAAF; r=-0.69, P<0.0001). ANP level correlated negatively with the LAA-EF (r=-0.56, P<0.001) and with LAAF (r=-0.61, P<0.0001). ANP level correlated more closely with the LAAa (r=0.79, P<0.0001) than with maximal LA volume (r=0.34, P<0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis selected LAAa as the only factor independently related to the plasma concentration of ANP (ANP=-22.4+28.6 LAAa, r=0.79, P<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the factor most predictive for ANP in patients with left-sided cardiac dysfunction is distension of the LAA wall rather than elevation in the LA pressure or distension of the body of LA. This is consistent with the known distribution of ANP-secreting cardiocytes.
authors.affiliation: The Cardiovascular Imaging Center, Department of Cardiology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Onose
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016279:Atrial Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor