title: [MR contrast media for cardiovascular imaging].
abstract: MR contrast media improve the diagnostic capability of MRI and MRA. They are used in the discrimination of viable and non-viable myocardium, transmural and non-transmural infarction, occlusive and reperfused infarction and for measurement of myocardial perfusion. Currently, clinical studies are almost completely restricted to the use of extracellular non-specific MR contrast media (i. e., Gd-DTPA, Gd-DTPA,-BMA, Gd-BOPTA, Gd-D03A). However, the feasibility of using intravascular, necrosis specific or intracellular MR contrast media or endogeneous substrates as specific MR contrast media in cardiovascular imaging has been demonstrated in experimental and a few clinical studies. Intravascular contrast media (i. e., MS-325 or NC100150 Injection) allow assessment of microvascular integrity and performance of MR angiography. Necrosis specific contrast media (i. e., Gadophrin-2) have been used for sizing the extent of infarcted myocardium while intracellular contrast media (i. e., Mn-DPDP) delineate viable myocardium. Endogenous contrast media (i. e., Deoxyhemoglobin, Na (+) or K (+)) have been tested for detecting the alterations in concentrations of these ions in infarcted myocardium and for perfusion measurements. Furthermore, intravascular MR contrast media may be useful for MRA and MRI guided cardiovascular interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Krombach
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Higgins
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Günther
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kühne
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saeed
mesh_terms: D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014022:Tissue Survival / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D005682:Gadolinium