title: The effect of shoulder movements on thoracic spine 3D motion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether there is any repeatable coupling pattern of upper thoracic movements, during right arm elevation in sagittal and scapular plane.
  
  
  METHODS
  Upper thoracic movement patterns (T2-T7) were examined during right arm elevation, in the sagittal and scapular plane using an electromagnetic device. The participants were 25 asymptomatic woman aged between 45 and 64 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of the participants performed an ipsilateral coupling pattern between lateral flexion and rotation which was repeatable and comparable for both arm elevation planes. Ipsilateral coupling of right lateral flexion and rotation in association with extension occurred in 23 subjects during arm elevation in sagittal plane, and in 19 subjects during arm elevation in scapular plane.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Analysis revealed that the participants demonstrated a repeatable upper thoracic movement pattern within and between subjects, during arm elevation in sagittal and scapular planes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The biomechanical relationship between the arm and the thoracic spine is important to clinical practice because of the contribution of spinal to shoulder movements and vice versa, in the recognition, prevention and restoration of musculoskeletal function.
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5001, Australia. infotd@yahoo.com
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Theodoridis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruston
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009068:Movement; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D012540:Scapula / Q000502:physiology; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000502:physiology*