title: Rutin-enhanced antibacterial activities of flavonoids against Bacillus cereus and Salmonella enteritidis.
abstract: The antibacterial activities of flavonoids were found by the paper disk method to be enhanced by combining or mixing them. The combinations of quercetin and quercitrin, quercetin and morin, and quercetin and rutin were much more active than either flavonoid alone. Although rutin did not show activity in itself, the antibacterial activities of quercetin and morin were enhanced in the presence of rutin. The antibacterial activities of flavonoids, in combination with morin and rutin, were evaluated, based on the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) in a liquid culture, by using Salmonella enteritidis and Bacillus cereus as the test bacteria. The activities of galangin, kaempherol, myricetin and fisetin were each enhanced in the presence of rutin when S. enteritidis was used as the test bacterium. The MIC value for kaempherol was markedly decreased by the addition of rutin. Morin inhibited DNA synthesis, and this effect was promoted by rutin at a concentration of 25 microg/ml.
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kobe University, Japan.
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arima
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ashida
authors.forename: Gen-ichi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Danno
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000187:drug effects*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012431:Rutin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000187:drug effects*; D047309:Flavones
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D012431:Rutin; C008548:morin; D047309:Flavones