Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis immune restoration disease occurs during highly active antiretroviral therapy-induced restoration of CMV-specific immune responses within a predominant Th2 cytokine environment.
Plasma levels of cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), soluble (s) CD30, sCD26 (dipeptidyl peptidase IV [DPP IV]) enzyme activity, and tumor necrosis factor receptor-I (TNFR-I) were assessed in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients who experienced CMV retinitis (CMVR) as an immune restoration disease (IRD) during their first 6 months of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and in CMV-seropositive, HIV-infected patients with similar baseline CD4(+) T cell counts who had uneventful immune reconstitution. Patients who experienced CMVR IRD had a significant increase in CMV-specific IgG during their first 12 months of HAART, indicating restored CMV-specific immune responses. They also had significantly higher levels of sCD30 both before HAART and for up to 12 months after start of treatment. sCD30 levels remained elevated during 48 months of HAART, suggesting persistence of a predominant Th2 cytokine environment. Levels of sCD26 (DPP IV) enzyme activity and TNFR-I did not differ significantly between the 2 groups at any time point.
Stone
Shelley F
SF
Department of Clinical Immunology and Biochemical Genetics, Royal Perth Hospital, GPO X2213, 6001 Perth, Australia. Shelley.Stone@health.wa.gov.au
Price
Patricia
P
Tay-Kearney
Mei-Ling
ML
French
Martyn A
MA
D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D017726:Cytomegalovirus Retinitis / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000032:analysis; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
D015703:Antigens, CD; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D018819:Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4