title: Genotypic subgrouping of clinical isolates of Candida albicans and Candida dubliniensis by 25S intron analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency, distribution and association of genotypes of Candida albicans and C. dubliniensis in invasive and noninvasive clinical isolates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one invasive and 18 noninvasive isolates were examined by PCR amplification of a transposable intron region in the 25S rRNA gene. Isolates were genotyped following analysis of the size of resulting DNA amplicons. The isolates could be subdivided into four genotypes (A-D).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between the frequency and genotype distribution of the invasive and noninvasive Candida isolates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therapeutic prophylaxis against candidal infections remains an area of controversy. Any diagnostic markers that reflect the potential of isolates to become invasive should be fully explored, so that more focused antifungal intervention should be targeted at these patients with these potential invasive markers. This study demonstrated that analysis of the transposable intron region in the 25S rRNA gene may be useful in helping to differentiate C. albicans from C. dubliniensis isolates, without the need for sequence analysis, which may not be readily available at primary diagnostic laboratories. However, employment of this genotypic assay is not a suitable locus to determine invasiveness and other more reliable markers of invasiveness should be sought.
authors.affiliation: Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Department of Bacteriology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Millar
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hedderwick
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McMullan
mesh_terms: D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; C065039:RNA, ribosomal, 25S