title: [Prevalence of renal involvement in a population of type Ii diabetics followed up in primary care].
abstract: Patients with type 2 diabetes use to be managed in their primary care settings during the early stages of the disease. The main objective of the study was to determine renal impairment prevalence, and to assess its significance, within type 2 diabetics controlled by their family physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transverse observation of patients with type 2 diabetes who were the first 20 unselected cases seen by 183 family physicians from 16 of the 17 Autonomic Communities of our country. The following variables were determined: serum creatinine, glucose, and HbA1c concentrations, proteinuria (dipstick test in a first-voided morning urine sample), blood pressure levels, and associated cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from 3,583 type 2 diabetic subjects were evaluated. Mean age was 64 +/- 10 years and 45% were male. A serum creatinine > or = 1.2 mg/dl was observed in 523 (15.5%) patients. Proteinuria was present in 794 (23.5%) cases, being > or = 2 + in 215 (6.5%) subjects. Patients with a serum creatinine > or = 1.2 mg/dl were older, shower higher blood pressure levels, and suffered from more cardiovascular disease (32.0 vs 19.5%) than those with a serum creatinine < 1.2 mg/dl. In a multivariate analysis, this difference continued to be significant (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.14 to 1.90; p = 0.002. Patients with proteinuria showed a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.47 to 2.27; p < 0.0001) than those without proteinuria. This association was continuous through no proteinuria to the > or = 2 + proteinuria (p < 0.001). Blood pressure level was > or = 140/90 mmHg in 69% of the cases, being < 130/85 mmHg in only 8% of the subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a high prevalence of renal impairment, approximately of 25% within type 2 diabetic patients seen at the primary care level. Optimal blood pressure level seems to be extremely infrequent bearing in mind the diagnosis of diabetes and the associated cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Unidad de Hipertensión, Hospital Covadonga, Oviedo. rmarini@senefro.org
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coca
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tranche
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Mañas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abellán
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moyá
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011934:Reagent Strips; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D011934:Reagent Strips