title: Ontogeny of cloned cattle to lactation.
abstract: Central to the success of large animal cloning is the production of healthy animals that can provide products for human health, food, and other animal agriculture applications. We report development of cloned cattle derived from 34 genetically unique, nonembryonic cell lines using nuclear transfer performed between 1 January 1998 and 29 February 2000. Nearly 25% (535/2170) of the recipients receiving reconstructed embryos initiated pregnancy. Overall, 19.8% (106/535) of the initiated pregnancies resulted in live births, while 77% (82/106) of these cattle clones remain healthy and productive today. Although a wide variation in birth weight of clone calves was observed, their growth rates, reproductive performance, and lactation characteristics are similar to that found in noncloned dairy cattle. Our data represent the most comprehensive information on cattle derived from nuclear transfer procedures and indicate that this emerging reproductive technology offers unique opportunities to meet critical needs in both human health care and agriculture.
authors.affiliation: Infigen, Inc., 1825 Infinity Drive, DeForest, WI 53532, USA.
authors.forename: Marvin M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Pace
authors.forename: Monica L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Augenstein
authors.forename: Jeffery M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Betthauser
authors.forename: Lynette A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Childs
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Eilertsen
authors.forename: Joellyn M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Enos
authors.forename: Erik J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Forsberg
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Golueke
authors.forename: Doug F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Graber
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Koppang
authors.forename: Gail
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: Tiffany L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Lesmeister
authors.forename: Kelly S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Mallon
authors.forename: Greg D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Mell
authors.forename: Pavla M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Misica
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pfister-Genskow
authors.forename: Nikolai S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Strelchenko
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Voelker
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Watt
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Bishop
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D019976:Cloning, Organism; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology; D004971:Estrus / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods; D006128:Growth / Q000502:physiology*; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D036801:Parturition / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014463:Ultrasonography