[Risk factors of retinopathy of prematurity in newborns treated in neonatal intensive care unit of University Children's Hospital Collegium Medicum Jagiellonian University].
BACKGROUND
A persistent progress in perinatal care and a large increase in infants' survival rate have been observed recently. As a result, the number of neonates requiring ophthalmologic examinations due to retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) increased as well.


METHODS
A retrospective survey including 206 neonates with mean birth weight 1342 g and mean gestational age 30 weeks.


METHODS
Three groups: 1) without ROP--165 infants (80.1%); 2) with ROP not requiring treatment--13 infants (6.3%); 3) with prethreshold and threshold ROP requiring cryotherapy--28 infants (13.6%) were analysed.


RESULTS
Threshold ROP was not observed in infants with gestational age > 32 weeks and/or birth weight > 1500 g. Cryotherapy was applied between the 6th and 18th weeks of life (Mo: 12). The procedure was applied at postmenstrual age between the 34th and 45th weeks of life (Mo: 38). The correlation of ROP with the following factors was observed: length of mechanical ventilation (Me in the studied groups: 6; 22; 33 days respectively; p < 0.01), length of oxygen therapy (Me: 27; 58; 70 days; p < 0.01), number of blood transfusions in first month of life (Me: 2; 4; 4; p < 0.01), minimum pO2 (average: 37.2; 30.2; 29.2 mmHg p < 0.01), pO2 oscillation (measured as SD) (Me: 10.25; 13.2; 15.4 mmHg p < 0.016) and maximal pCO2 (average: 52.5; 56.8; 66.5 p < 0.01) between the 2nd and 4th weeks of life.


CONCLUSIONS
Monitoring of pO2 and pCO2 in infants in the 1st month of life reduce the risk of ROP development. Infants born before the 32nd week of gestational age belong to high risk group and require very systematic ophthalmologic examination. The current prophylactic examination schedule for ROP for more mature infants may be changed.
Głowacka
Edyta
E
Oddział Patologii i Intensywnej Terapii Noworodka Uniwersyteckiego Szpitala Dzieciecego, 30-663 Kraków, ul Wielicka 265. edytag@autocom.pl
Kwinta
Przemko
P
Mitkowska
Zofia
Z
Kobylarz
Joanna
J
Kamińska-Mroczkowska
Halina
H
Mazurek
Małgorzata
M
Sadowska
Maria
M
Pietrzyk
Jacek J
JJ
D001034:Apgar Score; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008297:Male; D015997:Neonatal Screening; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012307:Risk Factors