title: Effectiveness of intravenous ephedrine infusion during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section based on maternal hypotension, neonatal acid-base status and lactate levels.
abstract: Maternal cardiovascular changes and neonatal acid-base status, including lactate levels, were assessed in 30 healthy women undergoing elective caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Patients were allocated randomly to receive IV ephedrine infusion (n = 15) (5 mg.min(-1) immediately after the spinal injection or bolus administration of IV ephedrine (n = 15) (10 mg) in case of development of hypotension. Maternal and neonatal blood pressure, heart rate and acid-base status including lactate levels were compared between the groups. Systolic blood pressure in the bolus group was significantly lower when compared to the infusion group. Nausea was observed in one patient (6%) in the infusion group and nausea and vomiting were observed in 10 patients (66%) in the bolus group. Although umbilical arterial pH values were significantly lower in the bolus group, lactate levels were similar In conclusion, ephedrine infusion prevented maternal hypotension, reduced the incidence of nausea and vomiting and led to improved umbilical blood pH during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section.
authors.affiliation: Inonu University Turgut Ozal Medical Centre, Department of Anaesthesia, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turkoz
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Togal
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gokdeniz
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Toprak
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ersoy
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D001034:Apgar Score; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000379:methods; D004809:Ephedrine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007773:Lactates / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; D004809:Ephedrine