title: Circulating human heat shock protein 60 in the plasma of British civil servants: relationship to physiological and psychosocial stress.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Whitehall cohort studies (I and II) of British civil servants have identified sociodemographic, psychosocial, and biological risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHD). To identify mechanisms responsible for susceptibility to CHD, specific biological markers of stress are increasingly being measured. One marker linked to susceptibility to CHD is heat shock protein (Hsp) 60.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood was taken from 229 civil servants (126 men and 103 women) in the Whitehall II cohort drawn equally from the range of employment grades. Plasma was assayed for levels of Hsp60, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), C-reactive protein, von Willebrand factor, high density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol, and total/HDL ratio. Psychosocial measures included socioeconomic status, psychological distress, and social isolation. The majority of the participants had Hsp60 in their plasma, and approximately 20% had >1000 ng/mL of this protein (a concentration likely to induce biological effects). A positive association between plasma Hsp60 and TNFalpha and a negative association with von Willebrand factor was found. There was also a significant association between elevated Hsp60 levels, low socioeconomic status, and social isolation, together with an association with psychological distress in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of participants exhibited Hsp60 in their plasma, and there was evidence of an association between levels of this stress protein and the proinflammatory cytokine, TNFalpha, and with various psychosocial measures.
authors.affiliation: Cellular Microbiology Research Group, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Jo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lewthwaite
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Owen
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steptoe
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006076:Government; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D012307:Risk Factors; D012934:Social Isolation; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha