title: The use of monoclonal antibodies to restore self-tolerance in established autoimmunity.
abstract: The author hopes to convince the reader that the data presented argue for a stage during the development of IDDM when beta-cell destruction can be counteracted and tolerance to beta cells restored, provided the immune aggression is arrested. This argument constitutes a solid rationale for immunointervention in established IDDM, especially by using potent agents such as CD3. The future for the application of monoclonal antibodies not only in autoimmunity but also in transplantation is exiting. With the development of humanized monoclonal antibodies, therapeutic uses for them are likely to expand. Enormous progress has been made in the last 15 years, and it is likely that before a similar time period has elapsed, monoclonal antibodies will have become standard tools that will dispense the need for long-term immunosuppression and its inherent dangers in various clinical arenas.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U25-Hôpital Necker, 161 Rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France. chatenoud@necker.fr
authors.forename: Lucienne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chatenoud
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017252:CD3 Complex; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell