title: Inpatient hospital and post-acute care for vertebral fractures in women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Approximately 700,000 vertebral fractures occur annually in the United States. Available estimates on hospital costs and length of stay for vertebral fractures do not reflect current practice patterns, nor has post-acute care utilization been reported in sufficient detail. This paper provides new estimates on acute care charges, length-of-stay (LOS), and distribution patterns of post-acute care for osteoporotic vertebral fractures in women aged 50 years and older in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (1997) was used to identify admissions with a primary diagnosis of vertebral fracture. Decision rules based on clinical criteria were developed to identify vertebral fracture cases considered to be osteoporosis-related. Charges, LOS and discharge disposition were analyzed according to patient demographics and hospital characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 1997, there were 53,066 hospital admissions for osteoporotic vertebral fractures in women. Mean charges and LOS were US 9,532 dollars and 6.2 days, respectively, while US totals were US 506 million dollars and 329,000 days. More than 40% were discharged to long-term care (LTC); another 24.3% required other follow-up care. Charges and LOS were inversely related to age. Female patients aged 75 or more were more than five times as likely to be discharged to LTC compared to women between the ages of 50 and 64. Charges and LOS were in general, significantly higher for patients in the Northeast, urban areas, teaching hospitals and in larger hospitals, and for patients transferred from other acute care hospitals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vertebral fractures are more expensive and resource-intensive than previously reported. Furthermore, total costs may be much greater when the components of post-acute care are fully captured.
authors.affiliation: Procter & Gamble Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Mason, Ohio 45040-9462, USA. burge.rt@pg.com
authors.forename: Russel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burge
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Puleo
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gehlbach
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Worley
authors.forename: Janelle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klar
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D017722:Hospital Charges / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D044469:Racial Groups / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology