title: Influence of resistance to antidepressant pharmacotherapy on short-term response to electroconvulsive therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies assessing the influence of resistance to antidepressant pharmacotherapy on the response to subsequent electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) are found in the literature. Results are somewhat conflicting and may not be applicable to the population of depressed patients in The Netherlands. The aim of this study is to assess the influence of medication resistance on the short-term response to ECT in a population of severely depressed inpatients in The Netherlands, where ECT is an exceptional treatment, often used as a final treatment option.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of 41 consecutive inpatients with major depression according to DSM-III-R criteria and rated each patients' antidepressant pharmacotherapy prior to ECT. We examined the extent to which medication resistance was related to short-term response to ECT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When a reduction of at least 50% on the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD) post-ECT compared to pre-ECT (partial remission) is used as response criterion, medication resistant patients and patients without established medication resistance were equally likely to respond to subsequent ECT. When a post-ECT HRSD score < or = 7 (full remission) is used as response criterion, medication resistant patients were less likely to respond to subsequent ECT (8/29=27.6%) than patients who did not receive adequate antidepressant pharmacotherapy prior to ECT (6/12=50.0%), although the difference in response rate was not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has a retrospective nature and a relatively small sample size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antidepressant medication resistance does not seem to have an influence on the short-term response to subsequent ECT. However, when the number of patients achieving full remission is concerned, a substantial percentage of antidepressant medication resistant patients respond to ECT, although their response rate was nearly half compared to that of patients without prior adequate treatment with antidepressants. This difference in response rate was not statistically significant. ECT seems to be an effective treatment for both patients with and without prior adequate treatment with antidepressants in this Dutch population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Psychiatry, Parnassia Psychomedical Centre, P.O. Box 53002, 2505 AA The Hague, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Esther M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Pluijms
authors.forename: Tom K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Birkenhäger
authors.forename: Irma P A M
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Huijbrechts
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moleman
mesh_terms: D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents