title: Mechanisms underlying the activation of large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels by nordihydroguaiaretic acid.
abstract: The mechanisms underlying the activation of large conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel by nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA) were examined in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells, where BK channel alpha (BKalpha) or a plus beta1 subunit (BKalphabeta1) was heterologously expressed, and also in freshly isolated porcine coronary arterial smooth muscle cells (PCASMCs). The activity of both BKalpha and BKalphabeta1 channels was increased by 10 microM NDGA in similar manners, indicating the selective action on the a subunit to increase Ca2+ sensitivity. The application of NDGA to PCASMCs induced outward current and hyperpolarization under voltage and current clamp, respectively, in a concentration-dependent manner (> or = 3 microM). These effects were blocked by 100 nM iberiotoxin. Electrical events induced by NDGA (> or = 10 microM) were, unexpectedly, associated with the increase in [Ca2+]i. After the treatment with caffeine and ryanodine, the [Ca2+]i increase by NDGA was markedly reduced and the hyperpolarization by NDGA was attenuated. The Ca2+ release by 10 microM NDGA was preceded by membrane depolarization of mitochondria. These results indicate that BK channel opening by NDGA in PCASMCs is due to the direct action on a subunit and also to Ca2+ release from sarcoplasmic reticulum, presumably via, at least in part, the inhibition of mitochondria respiration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: Kazuho
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muraki
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; D009637:Masoprocol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D024681:Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated / Q000819:agonists*; D051381:Rats; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D051036:Large-Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channels; D024681:Potassium Channels, Calcium-Activated; D009637:Masoprocol; D002118:Calcium