title: The use of bovine serum protein as an oral support therapy following coronavirus challenge in calves.
abstract: The objective of this experiment was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of a supplemental bovine serum protein blend fed to calves challenged with virulent coronavirus. Twelve Holstein bull calves (approximately 3 wk of age) were allocated by initial body weight to Control (n = 5) and treated (n = 7) groups. On d 0, all calves were orally challenged with 1 x 10(7) plaque-forming units of virulent coronavirus isolate. Infection was allowed to progress for 24 h before treatment was started. On d 1, treated calves began receiving 160 g of dry bovine serum powder (16 g IgG) mixed into milk replacer powder (67 g) at both an a.m. and p.m. feeding. Control calves received only milk replacer powder (227 g) at both feedings. Response to coronavirus challenge and dietary treatment was monitored prior to a.m. and p.m. feeding by the collection of multiple clinical measures. Fecal consistency was decreased by coronavirus challenge but was not affected by dietary treatment. Mean daily rectal temperature and heart rate were not affected by dietary treatment. Average packed cell volume was higher in treated calves than in control (35.0 and 27.0%). Coronavirus challenge resulted in an immediate increase in respiration rate, decreasing by d 7. Control calves tended to have a greater average respiration rate compared with treated (28.7 vs. 26.8 breaths/min). Treated calves had a higher average feed intake than control (0.57 vs. 0.44 kg/d). These data suggest that bovine-serum supplemented milk replacer may decrease the severity of disease in young calves exposed to coronavirus.
authors.affiliation: Range Cattle Research and Education Center, University of Florida-IFAS, Ona 33865, USA. jarth@gnv.ifas.ufl.edu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Arthington
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jaynes
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Tyler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapil
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Quigley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001831:Body Temperature; D001835:Body Weight; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004032:Diet; D005243:Feces; D006339:Heart Rate; D006400:Hematocrit; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D012119:Respiration
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins