title: Effect of antihypertensive treatment with valsartan or atenolol on sexual activity and plasma testosterone in hypertensive men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of valsartan and atenolol on sexual activity and plasma testosterone in newly diagnosed, previously untreated, essential hypertensive male subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and ten hypertensive men, aged 40-49 years, homogeneous for marital status and without any previous sexual dysfunction were randomly treated with valsartan 80 mg daily (o.d.) or atenolol 50 mg o.d. for 16 weeks according to a double-blind, parallel-arm study design. After 8 weeks the dose was doubled in the non-responders (diastolic blood pressure > 90 mmHg). Clinical evaluation was performed after 8 weeks and 16 weeks of treatment and included blood pressure and plasma testosterone measurements and the compilation of a questionnaire about sexual activity (sexual intercourse episodes/month).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Despite similar blood pressure lowering, atenolol significantly reduced sexual activity (from 6.0 sexual intercourse episodes/month to 4.2 sexual intercourse episodes/month, P < 0.01 vs placebo), whereas valsartan increased it, although not significantly (from 5.8 sexual intercourse episodes/month to 7.4 sexual intercourse episodes/month, P = 0.058), compared with placebo, but significantly compared with the atenolol group ( P < 0.05). Testosterone was reduced by atenolol (from 18.2 nmol/l to 13.8 nmol/l, P < 0.01 vs baseline) but was not affected by valsartan (from 17.6 nmol/l to 18.3 nmol/l).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that atenolol induces a worsening of sexual activity and a reduction of testosterone, whereas valsartan does not worsen sexual activity and does not change testosterone levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Therapeutics, Clinica Medica IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy. r.fogari@smatteo.pv.it
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fogari
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Preti
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Derosa
authors.forename: Gianluigi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marasi
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zoppi
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.forename: Amedeo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mugellini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001262:Atenolol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003075:Coitus; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014633:Valine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068756:Valsartan
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D013777:Tetrazoles; D013739:Testosterone; D001262:Atenolol; D000068756:Valsartan; D014633:Valine