title: Prognostic factors after oesophagectomy and extended lymphadenectomy for squamous oesophageal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The prognosis of patients without nodal metastasis of oesophageal cancer is generally good, but recurrence develops in some cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on 88 consecutive patients with squamous oesophageal cancer who underwent three-field lymph node dissection from 1986 to September 1998 and who had no evidence of nodal disease were reviewed retrospectively. Disease status was based on histological examination of the section of each node with the largest surface area, stained with haematoxylin and eosin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 3- and 5-year survival rates of patients without lymph node metastasis were 85 and 81 per cent respectively, better than in patients with metastasis. Twelve patients died from recurrence. Recurrence was haematogenous in nine patients and locoregional in three. Survival was worse in men, for patients with lesions located in the upper thoracic oesophagus, and in those with lymphatic or blood vessel invasion. Only the presence of lymphatic invasion correlated with survival on multivariate analysis (P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although survival was generally good in patients without nodal metastasis from oesophageal cancer following three-field lymph node dissection, patients with lymphatic invasion remained at risk for haematogenous dissemination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan. m9940141@msic.med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osugi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirohashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higashino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D016896:Treatment Outcome