title: Cytotoxic effects of 27 anticancer drugs in HeLa and MDR1-overexpressing derivative cell lines.
abstract: The cytotoxic effects of 27 anticancer drugs including amrubicin, vinorelbine, paclitaxel, docetaxel, gemcitabine, and irinotecan were evaluated in human cervical carcinoma HeLa cells, and drug-resistant HeLa-derived Hvrl-1, HvrlO-6, and Hvr100-6 cells, which were newly established by stepwise exposure to vinblastine. FACS and RT-PCR analysis indicated that MDR1 (P-glycoprotein) was induced without any alterations in expression of its related transporters. Hvrl00-6 cells showed 2- to 200-fold higher resistance to anthracyclines than HeLa cells, and unexpectedly showed slight resistance to idarubicin and amrubicin. The relative resistance to vinca-alkaloids was 300- to 600,000-fold, and HvrlOO-6 cells showed the highest relative resistance to vinorelbine. HvrlOO-6 cells also showed 4000- and 60000-fold resistance to the taxanes paclitaxel and docetaxel, respectively. Hvr100-6 cells were also resistant to 6-mercaptopurine, actinomycin D, etoposide, and mitomycin C, with relative resistance of 8-, 45000-, 12-, and 9-fold, respectively. In contrast, HvrlOO-6 cells showed no or slight resistance to platinum derivatives, pyrimidine analogues, and alkylating agents or to irinotecan and its active form, or tamoxifen. The cytotoxicity of anthracyclines, vinca-alkaloids, taxanes, actinomycin D, and etoposide was extensively reversed by cyclosporin A. Cyclosporin A had no effect on the cytotoxicity of 6-mercaptopurine or mitomycin C, suggesting that resistance to these drugs was not mediated via MDR1. The alterations in cytotoxicity by overexpression of MDR1 and effects of cyclosporin A could be also qualitatively explained by [3H]vinblastine uptake experiments. The 27 anticancer drugs analyzed here could be classified into substrates and nonsubstrates for MDR1. This will be useful for designing effective regimens for chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto Pharmacutical University, Misasagi, Japan. takara@mb.kyoto-phu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takara
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakaeda
authors.forename: Tatsurou
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yagami
authors.forename: Hironao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohmoto
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horinouchi
authors.forename: Kohshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishiguchi
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okumura
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000465:Algorithms; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D016572:Cyclosporine; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014747:Vinblastine; C116614:ABCG2 protein, human; C093947:MRP2 protein, S cerevisiae; C421109:multidrug resistance-associated protein 1