title: Dopamine has a critical role in photoreceptor degeneration in the rd mouse.
abstract: Photoreceptors receive paracrine input from dopaminergic interplexiform cells. Rod photoreceptors in the rd mouse degenerate rapidly due to a specific gene defect. We investigated the effects of dopamine on rd mouse photoreceptors in retinal organ culture. Retinas were harvested from rd or wild-type mice at postnatal day 2 and grown in organ culture for 27 days. When antagonists for either D(1)- or D(2)-family dopamine receptors were added to the media, photoreceptor degeneration was blocked. Furthermore, when dopamine was depleted by the addition of 6-hydroxydopamine and pargyline, photoreceptor survival appeared comparable to wild-type retinal cultures. The addition of a dopamine agonist induced photoreceptor degeneration in dopamine-depleted rd organ cultures. In all cases, photoreceptors maintained robust staining of opsin. These results demonstrate that dopamine antagonists or dopamine depletion blocks photoreceptor degeneration and that dopamine is necessary for photoreceptor degeneration in the rd mouse retinal organ culture model, indicating that dopamine antagonists may represent a therapeutic strategy in retinal degenerative disease.
authors.affiliation: Faye and Carl Simons Center for Research in Hearing and Deafness, Central Institute for the Deaf, St. Louis, Missouri, USA.
authors.forename: Judith Mosinger
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ogilvie
authors.forename: Judith D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Speck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D017299:Rod Opsins / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D017299:Rod Opsins; D004298:Dopamine