title: The CD14-260 C --> T promoter polymorphism co-segregates with the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha)-308 G --> A polymorphism and is associated with the interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) synthesis capacity of human leukocytes.
abstract: Genetic variations contribute to the interindividual variance in the cytokine response to endotoxin. The gene of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) carries a polymorphism at position -308 of the promoter, consisting of a G/A exchange. To further elucidate the inherited mechanisms influencing cytokine levels, healthy human blood donors were studied. Genotyping for the TNF-alpha -308 and the CD14 -260 C/T promoter polymorphisms was carried out by real-time polymerase chain reaction assay using specific fluorescence-labelled hybridisation probes. A human whole blood assay was used to study the leukocyte TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta synthesis capacity upon endotoxin stimulation. We found a linkage disequilibrium between the TNF-alpha -308 G/A and the CD14 -260 C/T polymorphisms (p = 0.043). The CD14 -260 polymorphism was associated with IL-1 beta levels (p = 0.033) and higher values were found in C homozygotes. No association was found between the CD14 -260 genotypes or the TNF-alpha -308 - CD14 -260 genotypes and the TNF-alpha response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.heesen@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heesen
authors.forename: Brunhilde
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bloemeke
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bachmann-Mennenga
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kunz
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004731:Endotoxins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha