title: Apoptosis control and proliferation marker in human normal and neoplastic adrenocortical tissues.
abstract: We evaluated by immunohistochemistry the expression of the Bcl-2 and p53 proteins, as markers of apoptosis control, and of MIB-1, as a marker of cell proliferation, in a series of normal and neoplastic adrenocortical tissues. The specimens were 13 normal adrenals, 13 aldosterone-producing adenomas, 13 non-functioning adenomas and 16 carcinomas. Results were calculated as percentage of immunostained cells by using specific antibodies. No p53 protein was detected in any of the adrenocortical adenomas (functioning and non functioning) or normal adrenals, while p53 was overexpressed in 15 out of 16 carcinomas. In particular, 10 adrenal cancer specimens (62.5%) showed strong staining in a high percentage (range 10-50%) of the malignant cells. The percentage of Bcl-2 positive cells was higher (P<0.05 or less) in non-functioning adenomas (8.1+/-1.9%) and in carcinomas (14.9+/-5.6%) than in normals (2.9+/-0.9%) and aldosterone-producing adenomas (5.3+/-1.3%) since four specimens of the non-functioning adenomas-group (30.7%) and six of the carcinomas-group (37.5%) showed over 10% positivity (cut-off for normal values, set at 90th percentile of our controls). MIB-1 positivity was 0.50+/-0.36% in normals, 0.54+/-0.08% in non-functioning adenomas and 0.54+/-0.08% in aldosterone-producing adenomas. MIB-1 was expressed in all carcinomas with values (13.7+/-3.1%) significantly (P<0.0006) higher than in the other groups. In conclusion, the present data indicate that the apoptosis control and proliferation activity evaluated by the p53 and MIB-1 proteins are impaired in adrenal carcinomas but preserved in adenomas, independently of their functional status. Therefore, these immunohistochemical markers, overexpressed in carcinomas only, may be useful in the diagnosis of malignancy in adrenocortical tumours. Whether Bcl-2 positivity found in some carcinomas and non-functioning adenomas may constitute, in the latter, a negative prognostic marker is still unknown.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, 56100 Pisa, Italy. g.bernini@med.unipi.it
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Bernini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viacava
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bonadio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Iacconi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miccoli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salvetti
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000236:Adenoma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D000302:Adrenal Cortex / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D017209:Apoptosis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002455:Cell Division; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000450:Aldosterone