title: Past, present and future of erythropoietin use in the elderly.
abstract: More than a decade has passed since the first patient with end-stage renal failure was treated with erythropoietin (EPO) and more than 85% of patients now receive this therapy. In the year 2002 more than 60% of dialysis patients will be elderly, and the treatment of anemia will be more complex due to the aditional causes: folate, iron and vitamin deficiency in this population. Correction of anemia with EPO brings about partial regression of left ventricular hypertrophy and some data suggest that such treatment reduces cardiovascular mortality in patients without advance cardiac disease. Normalization of hematocrit with EPO increases oxygen supply to the brain tissue with improvement in brain function. The improvement in the ability to recognize, discriminate and hold stimuli in memory for difficult tasks is particularly important for elderly people. No differences have been noted in the incidence of clotting of vascular access in patients treated with EPO compared with hemodialysis patients not so treated. Also no one has demostrated that treatment with EPO accelerates renal decline in patients with progressive renal insufficiency. In elderly people with anemia secondary to advanced renal failure, EPO therapy improves physical, cognitive and sexual function, and health related quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Service, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain. martinal@medi.unican.es
authors.forename: Angel L M
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: de Francisco
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fernandez Fresnedo
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.forename: Celestino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piñera
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heras
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palomar
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arias
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011788:Quality of Life; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004921:Erythropoietin