title: Development of a particle agglutination assay system for detecting Japanese encephalitis virus-specific human IgM, using hydroxyapatite-coated nylon beads.
abstract: Japanese encephalitis virus-specific IgM is a reliable indicator for serodiagnosis of Japanese encephalitis. A particle agglutination (PA) assay system was developed to detect anti-Japanese encephalitis virus IgM in human serum samples. The newly developed PA assay consisted of hydroxyapatite-coated nylon beads and V-bottom 96-well microplates. Hydroxyapatite-coated nylon beads were coated with Japanese encephalitis virus antigens. Japanese encephalitis virus antigen-coated, hydroxyapatite-coated nylon beads agglutinated in the IgM-captured wells when anti-Japanese encephalitis virus IgM-positive serum samples were used. A button pattern was formed at the bottom of the wells when anti-Japanese encephalitis virus IgM-negative serum samples were used. Thirty anti-Japanese encephalitis virus IgM-positive serum samples from Japanese encephalitis-confirmed cases were tested by the PA assay. All these serum samples were determined to be Japanese encephalitis virus IgM-positive. IgM titers determined by the PA assay corresponded to those determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The titers were consistent in two independent PA assays. These results indicate that the newly developed PA assay is a reliable method for detecting anti-Japanese encephalitis virus IgM in human serum samples and that this assay will be a suitable diagnostic system especially in rural areas of Asia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology 1, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjyuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Yae
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurosawa
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugo
authors.forename: Hideharu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karasawa
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takasaki
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kurane
mesh_terms: D000372:Agglutination Tests / Q000379:methods; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D017886:Durapatite; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood*; D009757:Nylons; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D009757:Nylons; D017886:Durapatite