title: Involved-field irradiation in combination with total-body irradiation (TBI) does not increase short-term toxicity compared to TBI alone in patients with advanced-stage low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  High-dose therapy (HDT) is currently under investigation for patients with advanced low-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). We report on the toxicity of a modified HDT that combines total-body irradiation (TBI) with involved-field irradiation (IF-RT) for patients with bulky disease or residual lymphomas > 2 cm after induction chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  41 patients received HDT which consisted of high-dose cyclophosphamide and fractionated TBI (6 x 2 Gy) followed by autologous stem cell transplantation. Eleven patients received IF-RT prior to TBI, three patients had already received another radiotherapy treatment prior to HDT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a medium follow-up of 19 months we observed an overall survival rate of 100%, and a relapse-free survival rate of 78%. Severe toxicity was observed only in one patient who developed a myelodysplastic syndrome, and another patient who showed signs of pneumonitis. About two thirds of the patients claimed minor toxicity of grade I-II according the LENT-SOMA scale, predominantly as a decrease in concentration, reduced sexual functioning, and musculo-skeletal pain. Correspondingly, laboratory tests showed grade I-II changes of blood counts, liver enzymes, hormone levels, and lung function. There was no excess toxicity in the patients who received IF-RT additional to TBI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HDT including TBI and prior IF-RT is feasible without excess morbidity. Careful follow-up is required to detect myelodysplastic syndrome or endocrine changes of ovarian or testicular function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, University of Goettingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ott
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schmidberger
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wörmann
authors.forename: Clemens F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pradier
authors.forename: Clemens F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hess
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D003520:Cyclophosphamide