title: HIV-1 Subtype A, D, G, AG and unclassified sequences identified in South Africa.
abstract: HIV-1 subtype C accounts for the vast majority of infections in South Africa. However, increasingly non-C subtypes are being detected. Here we report 10 viruses that contain sequences that group with subtypes A, D, and G as well as CRF02_AG and 1 that could not be classified. Most of these individuals were from other countries in Africa. Some of these sequences were in combination with subtype C, possibly indicating local recombination events. Although there is no indication of endemic spread of these viruses, continued monitoring is warranted to track genetic changes, which may impact on diagnostic testing, therapeutic responses to antiretroviral therapies, and vaccine design.
authors.affiliation: AIDS Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Sandringham 2131, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Helba
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bredell
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casteling
authors.forename: Tonie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cilliers
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rademeyer
authors.forename: Mia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coetzer
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Caroline T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Tiemessen
authors.forename: Desmond J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology