title: Serum quinidine concentrations and effect on QT dispersion and interval.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a relationship between serum quinidine concentrations (SQCs) and QT interval dispersion, compared with corresponding QT intervals, in order to identify a reason why many reports describe torsade de pointes as occurring at subtherapeutic concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven patients with atrial arrhythmias managed with quinidine therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with subtherapeutic (<2 microg/mL) and therapeutic (2-5 microg/mL) SQCs with corresponding 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) (25 mm/sec) and baseline ECG were evaluated for QT interval dispersion, calculated as the maximum minus the minimum QT interval on the 12-lead ECG.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean +/- SD subtherapeutic and therapeutic SQCs were 1.48 +/- 0.39 microg/mL and 3.78 +/- 0.88 microg/mL (p < 0.001). Baseline values for QT/QTc intervals were 376.4 +/- 59.2/429.5 +/- 57.3 msec. At subtherapeutic and therapeutic SQCs, mean QT/QTc intervals were 403.6 +/- 59.9/450.5 +/- 38.5 msec and 439.1 +/- 48.9/472.4 +/- 44.6 msec, respectively. Mean QT dispersion was 47 +/- 16.2 msec at baseline, 98.2 +/- 27.5 msec at subtherapeutic SQC, and 70.9 +/- 33.9 msec at therapeutic SQCs (p = 0.001 for overall analysis; p < 0.001 for baseline vs. subtherapeutic concentrations; p = NS for therapeutic vs. subtherapeutic in post hoc comparison).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite QT interval lengthening with increasing SQCs, QT dispersion was numerically greatest at subtherapeutic SQCs. Further study is required to determine the value of QT dispersion as a tool for identifying proarrhythmic risk with drugs that prolong the QT interval.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ, USA. smathis@sbhcs.com
authors.forename: A Scott
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mathis
authors.forename: Ashesh J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Gandhi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000188:drug therapy; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011802:Quinidine / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016171:Torsades de Pointes / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D011802:Quinidine