title: Characterization of an unusual Mycobacterium: a possible missing link between Mycobacterium marinum and Mycobacterium ulcerans.
abstract: In an attempt to characterize an unusual mycobacterial isolate from a 44-year-old patient living in France, we applied phenotypic characterizations and various previously described molecular methods for the taxonomic classification of mycobacteria. The results of the investigations were compared to those obtained in a previous study with a set of temporally and geographically diverse Mycobacterium ulcerans (n = 29) and Mycobacterium marinum (n = 29) isolates (K. Chemlal, G. Huys, P.-A. Fonteyne, V. Vincent, A. G. Lopez, L. Rigouts, J. Swings, W. M. Meyers, and F. Portaels, J. Clin. Microbiol. 39:3272-3278, 2001). The isolate, designated ITM 00-1026 (IPP 2000-372), is closely related to M. marinum according to its phenotypic properties, lipid pattern, and partial 16S rRNA sequence. Moreover, fingerprinting by amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) analysis unequivocally classified this strain as a member of the species M. marinum, although it lacked two species-specific AFLP marker bands. However, PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis based on M. ulcerans-specific insertion sequence IS2404 showed the presence of this element in a low copy number in isolate ITM 00-1026. In conclusion, the designation of this isolate as a transitional species further supports the recent claim by Stinear et al. (T. Stinear, G. Jenkin, P. D. Johnson, and J. K. Davies, J. Bacteriol. 182:6322-6330, 2000) that M. ulcerans represents a relatively recent phylogenetic derivative of M. marinum resulting from the systematic acquisition of foreign DNA fragments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Mycobacteriology Unit, Institute of Tropical Medicine, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. kchemlal@itg.be
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chemlal
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huys
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laval
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Savage
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.forename: M-A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Laneelle
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Swings
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Meyers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daffe
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Portaels
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001483:Base Sequence; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009161:Mycobacterium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009164:Mycobacterium Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D019910:Mycobacterium marinum / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019911:Mycobacterium ulcerans / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D008055:Lipids