title: Effects of N-methyl-D,L-aspartate on LH, GH, and testosterone secretion in goat bucks maintained under long or short photoperiods.
abstract: Photoperiod modulates reproduction in goats. We tested the hypothesis that the excitatory glutamatergic tone is reduced in the photoinhibited goat. The objectives of this study were to determine the effect of photoperiod and glutamatergic stimulation on LH, GH, and testosterone (T) secretion in goat bucks. Eight mature, intact bucks were used in two simultaneous 4 x 4 Latin square designs. Variables were two photoperiod regimens (short day; SD, 10 h light:14 h dark, n = 4; vs long day; LD, 16 h light:8 h dark, n = 4) and four doses of N-methyl-D-L-aspartate (NMA; 0, 1, 2 and 4 mg/kg BW, i.v.). Venous blood was obtained for 2 h before and after NMA injection, followed by GnRH injection and then a final 1 h of sampling. Injection of NMA increased (P < 0.002) LH secretion within 20 min. This increase was sustained for 120 min, but the response was most pronounced in LD goats. The increase in mean LH was associated with a concomitant dose-dependent increase in pulse frequency (P < 0.006). However, NMA treatment had no effect (P > 0.10) on LH pulse amplitude. The release of LH after injection of GnRH was not affected by photoperiod. Exposure of bucks to LD reduced T secretion relative to that of SD bucks (P < 0.01). However, GH secretion was enhanced in LD bucks (P< 0.001). The response of GH to NMA was dependent on photoperiod history. A highly significant immediate and sustained increase (P < 0.001) was observed in LD but not in SD bucks within 10 min. Overall, a dose-dependent increase (P < 0.01) in T secretion was stimulated by NMA in both LD and SD bucks. These results indicate that NMA receptors may be involved in the regulation of LH, GH, and testosterone secretion in the goat. Furthermore, length of day influences GH secretion in the goat and NMA receptor activation had divergent effects on the secretion of this hormone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, St. Cloud State University, MN 56301, USA. ogazal@stcloudstate.edu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gazal
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kouakou
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Amoah
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Barb
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gelaye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006041:Goats / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017440:Photoperiod; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D013739:Testosterone; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D013006:Growth Hormone