title: The functional and oncologic effectiveness of near-total laryngectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the oncologic efficiency of near-total laryngectomy for advanced laryngeal and neighboring organ cancers and to evaluate the functional results.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of 135 cases of near-total laryngectomy carried out in a tertiary university hospital between 1989 and 2000 was undertaken. The original operation was carried out in 3 groups: classic "near-total laryngectomy" for endolaryngeal lesions; "near-total laryngectomy and partial pharyngectomy" for lesions originating from the pyriform sinus or lesions with extension to the pharynx or tongue base but reconstructed primarily; and "near-total laryngopharyngectomy" for lesions requiring pedicled flap reconstruction after resection. Oncologic success was evaluated according to the location and extent of the tumor and the particular operation. Functional outcome was evaluated according to phonation and its quality as well as to the severity of aspiration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 135 cases, 121 were men, and 14 were women (age range, 33-80 years; mean, 56.2 years). Mean phonation time was 35.2 days, and mean onset of oral intake was 18.5 days. Of the 135 cases of the series, 124 were evaluated for survival. Thirteen of 26 (50.0%) cases of T2, 34 of 53 (64.2%) cases of T3, and 33 of 45 (73.3%) cases of T4 carcinomas survived by the end of the evaluation period. Likewise, 46 of 77 (59.7%) cases of N0, 16 of 19 (84.2%) cases of N1, and 18 of 27 (66.7%) cases of N2 survived the same period; however, none with N3 metastatic neck disease survived. The probability of survival with regard to the T and N stages of the disease did not reveal a statistically significant result (P =.15 and.49, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to these results, near-total laryngectomy is a valid alternative for extended laryngeal and neighboring organ cancers with an acceptable morbidity and a high success rate for voice preservation. Near-total laryngectomy should be offered as a surgical treatment alternative for these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey. ismetaslan@istanbul.edu.tr
authors.forename: Ismet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.forename: Nermin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Baserer
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yazicioglu
authors.forename: Necdet
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Biliciler
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hafiz
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tinaz
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kiyak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010699:Phonation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome