title: Intracerebral haemorrhage in previously healthy adults following aerobic and anaerobic exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) without demonstrated tissue pathology in previously healthy adults has not been previously linked to anaerobic or aerobic exercise. The possible mechanisms and risk factors for ICH that may be found in a young, "healthy" adult are described.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case reports of two patients who suffered a frontal lobe ICH following aerobic and anaerobic exercise are presented. A review of the literature was carried out to elucidate the risk factors for ICH in previously healthy adults.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hypocholesterolemia below 4.14 mmol/l, phenylpropanolamine use above 75 mg per day and certain apolipoprotein phenotypes (Apo E2 and Apo E4), which can all be found in young, healthy adults have all been described in the literature as contributors to the risk of ICH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a need for these risk factors to be researched in more detail, given that potential risk modifiers may help decrease their posed threat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2A2 Canada.
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cayen
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cullen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D053329:Apolipoprotein E2; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015444:Exercise; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014891:Weight Lifting
chemical_list: D053329:Apolipoprotein E2; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D002784:Cholesterol