title: Effects of a lichen galactomannan and its vanadyl (IV) complex on peritoneal macrophages and leishmanicidal activity.
abstract: A galactomannan (GMPOLY) isolated from lichen Ramalina celastri was complexed with vanadyl ion (IV;VO) forming the complex GMPOLY-VO. Both GMPOLY and GMPOLY-VO diminished the superoxide anion production by macrophages triggered with PMA, the complex giving rise to this effect at concentrations 100 times lower than GMPOLY. Macrophages treated with GMPOLY enhanced the nitric oxide production (40%), this effect not being observed when interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or IFN-gamma plus lipopolysaccharide (LPS) were present. No effect on nitric oxide production was observed by treatment of macrophage with GMPOLY-VO. Both GMPOLY and GMPOLY-VO exhibited leishmanicidal effects on the amastigote form of Leishmania amazonesis, but only GMPOLY-VO inhibited the growth of promastigote form.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brasil.
authors.forename: Guilhermina R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Noleto
authors.forename: Ana Lucia R
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Mercê
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iacomini
authors.forename: Philip A J
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Gorin
authors.forename: Vanete Thomaz
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Soccol
authors.forename: Maria Benigna M
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005690:Galactose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D007894:Leishmania mexicana / Q000187:drug effects*; D008011:Lichens / Q000737:chemistry; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology; D008351:Mannans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D011199:Potentiometry; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014639:Vanadium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D008351:Mannans; D014639:Vanadium; D013481:Superoxides; C012990:galactomannan; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D005690:Galactose