title: Transfusion-transmitted virus prevalence in subjects at high risk of sexually transmitted infection in Turkey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the possible sexual transmission of virus and to identify the prevalence of TTV viremia in Turkey and its association with other hepatotropic viruses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples were collected from 81 subjects (74 prostitutes and seven homosexual men) at high risk of sexually transmitted infection and from 81 healthy controls (74 females and seven males). Sera of patients and controls were tested for TTV, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, and human immunodeficiency virus. Also, serum alanine and aspartate aminotransferases were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence rates of TTV viremia in the risk group and control group were 86.4% and 82.7%, respectively. There was a statistical difference in mean age between TTV-infected and uninfected subjects (38.6 +/- 9.9 versus 32.2 +/- 6.1 years, respectively, P < 0.001). Prevalence rates of TTV infection in subjects with positive anti-HAV and positive anti-HBc were high when compared with subjects who were negative for these.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suggest that TTV infection has a diverse route of transmission, and its prevalence increases with age; also, the prevalence rate of TTV is high in certain risk groups. The prevalence rates of TTV in the group at risk for sexual transmission (86.4%) and in the control group (82.7%) were among the highest ever reported in the world. Also, we suggest that TTV generally does not cause clinical disease, in spite of this high prevalence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Gülhane School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yazici
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cömert
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guney
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cinar
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kocar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004266:DNA Virus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D022783:Torque teno virus / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology