title: Influence of changes in nasal ventilation on estimated workload during submaximal field running.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breathe Right (BR) external nasal dilator have become increasingly popular over the past few years, however, the physiological basis for using BR remains unclear. We have examined whether alteration in nasal ventilation would influence the metabolic cost of submaximal running.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metabolic cost was estimated in 10 male endurance triathletes by measuring heart rate (HR) and exercise perception by measuring the rate of perceived exertion (RPE) during submaximal field running. The protocol consisted of 5 min of running at 80% of their maximal aerobic velocity (MAV(f), previously determined under field conditions) for three randomised experimental conditions, separated by a 10 min rest. The conditions were normal nasal ventilation (N), no nasal ventilation (using a nose clip) (NC) and with a BR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Running with the BR or with NC did not significantly influence HR (N: 173+/-7, BR: 173+/-8, NC: 172+/-7 beat x min(-1); F=0.01, p=0.99) or RPE (N: 12.1+/-1.7, BR: 11.8+/-1.9, NC: 13.2+/-0.8; F=1.88, p=0.18). We conclude that alteration in nasal ventilation produced by using BR or NC do not influence HR or RPE in a group of triathletes running 5 min at 80% of MAV(f).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study tended to demonstrate that both nasal ventilation would not influence the total metabolic cost, and that the BR device is not advantageous during high intensity exercise.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physiologie de l'Exercice, GIP Exercice, Faculté de Médecine Lyon-Sud, Oullins Cedex, France. bourdin@univ-lyon1.fr
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bourdin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sallet
authors.forename: A-B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Dufour
authors.forename: J-R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lacour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004106:Dilatation / Q000295:instrumentation; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D012119:Respiration; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates