[Recall and pseudo-memory. On the yearning to be a trauma victim].
Memories are not called up from "storage" but instead are constructed anew in each case. Although many experiments have proven that memories are visual and inaccurate, many psychotherapists still assume that memories which surface during therapy are realistic representations of facts. They do not take into account that reminiscences (pseudomemories) of events can be planted in the memory by the imagination or through behavioral pressure. In light of this, the question arises as to why some patients during therapy tend to invent in particular memories of traumatic early childhood experiences. The authors assume that certain suggestive elements come to bear with victimization. The advantage gained is of great importance and has many facets. The case of Wilkomirski proves that mystification of the ego via identification with victims is not only provoked in psychotherapeutic treatment but also is a means of gaining public attention and support. As concerns the therapeutic handling of actual emotional traumatization (whose pathogenic significance and long-term effects used to be underestimated), suggestive and autosuggestive processes play a large role. In this respect, modern trauma research and psychotherapy are faced with special challenges.
Stoffels
H
H
Abteilung Psychiatrie, Schlosspark-Klinik, Heubnerweg 2, 14059 Berlin. hans.stoffels@schlosspark-klinik.de
Ernst
C
C
D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000523:psychology; D005201:Fantasy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007062:Identification, Psychological; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D009042:Motivation; D011575:Psychoanalytic Therapy; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012094:Repression, Psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D013404:Suggestion