title: The readiness to change questionnaire in subjects with hazardous alcohol consumption, alcohol misuse and dependence in a general population survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate properties and aspects of validity of the Readiness to Change Questionnaire (RCQ) when applied to hazardous drinking, alcohol-abusing or alcohol-dependent subjects sampled from the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a representative survey conducted in the general population of a region in northern Germany, participants were randomly selected from resident registration office files, contacted and interviewed personally (n = 4.075). A total of 302 subjects who showed hazardous drinking behaviour (n = 202) or met diagnostic criteria of alcohol misuse (n = 46) or alcohol dependence (n = 54) were assessed and diagnosed using the Munich Composite International Diagnostic Interview (M-CIDI) according to DSM-IV diagnostic criteria. The battery of self-report questionnaires comprised, among others, the RCQ, and two methods of allocation were used, the quick method and the refined method of allocation. According to the method of allocation used, the stages are: precontemplation (PC), contemplation (C), preparation (P) and action (A); P may only be assigned using the refined method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The RCQ, a brief instrument to assess stages of change in individuals sampled from the general population, gave internal consistencies of: PC = 0.68, C = 0.79, A = 0.83. Allocation to stages of change according to the quick method resulted in 67% of subjects being allocated to PC, 24% to C and 8% to A and according to the refined method in 58% to PC, 15% to C, 4% to P, 4% to A, with 19% not being classified because of non-theory-consistent scale profiles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Classification did not differ substantially according to the method of allocation. A three-factor solution, as reported in the literature, could not be replicated. Allocation to stages of change with the RCQ reflected predictions made from the Transtheoretical Model of behaviour change.
authors.affiliation: Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, Greifswald and Medical University of Lübeck, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hannöver
authors.forename: Jochen René
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Thyrian
authors.forename: Ulfert
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hapke
authors.forename: Hans-Jürgen
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Rumpf
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: John
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology*; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013695:Temperance