title: Constrained synaptic connectivity in functional mammalian neuronal networks grown on patterned surfaces.
abstract: The use of ordered neuronal networks in vitro is a promising approach to study the development and the activity of small neuronal assemblies. However, in previous attempts, sufficient growth control and physiological maturation of neurons could not be achieved. Here we describe an original protocol in which polylysine patterns confine the adhesion of cellular bodies to prescribed spots and the neuritic growth to thin lines. Hippocampal neurons in these networks are maintained healthy in serum free medium up to 5 weeks in vitro. Electrophysiology and immunochemistry show that neurons exhibit mature excitatory and inhibitory synapses and calcium imaging reveals spontaneous activity of neurons in isolated networks. We demonstrate that neurons in these geometrical networks form functional synapses preferentially to their first neighbors. We have, therefore, established a simple and robust protocol to constrain both the location of neuronal cell bodies and their pattern of connectivity. Moreover, the long term maintenance of the geometry and the physiology of the networks raises the possibility of new applications for systematic screening of pharmacological agents and for electronic to neuron devices.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Dynamique des Fluides Complexes, U.M.R. CNRS 7506, Institut de Physique, 3 rue de l'Université, 67084, Strasbourg, France. cwyart@ldfc.u-strasbg.fr
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wyart
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ybert
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bourdieu
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herr
authors.forename: Christelle
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prinz
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chatenay
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008322:Mammals; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011107:Polylysine; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011107:Polylysine; D002118:Calcium