title: The quotient end-tidal/inspired concentration of sevoflurane in a low-flow system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of two different fresh gas flows on inspired and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration for a given vaporizer setting in a low-flow anesthesia system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Anesthesiology of a university teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  56 ASA physical status I and II patients without systemic diseases, having elective surgery with an expected anesthesia time of at least 120 minutes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly assigned to receive either 1.0 or 2.0 L/min fresh gas flow with the vaporizer setting fixed at 2% sevoflurane. The inspired (In), end-tidal (Et), and Et/In ratio sevoflurane concentrations were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 120 minutes of sevoflurane anesthesia the inspired and end-tidal sevoflurane concentration were 1.45 +/- 0.10% versus 1.28 +/- 0.12% (p < 0.001) in the 1.0 L/min group and 1.64 +/- 0.08% versus 1.46 +/- 0.11% (p < 0.001) in the 2.0 L/min group. The ratio end-tidal and inspired concentrations/vaporizer setting was 0.64 +/- 0.06 and 0.73 +/- 0.05 in the 1.0 L/min group versus 0.73 +/- 0.05 and 0.82 +/- 0.04 in the 2.0 L/min group. For the ratio inspired and end-tidal/vaporizer setting there were significant difference between the groups (p < 0.001). The estimated ratio end-tidal/inspired was 0.88 +/- 0.04 in the 1.0 L/min group versus 0.89 +/- 0.04 in the 2.0 L/min group (ns).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After 120 minutes of sevoflurane anesthesia at a vaporizer setting of 2% there is a significant difference between fresh gas flow of 1.0 and 2.0 L/min for inspired and end-tidal concentrations, but not for the ratio end-tidal/inspired.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Lund, 221 85 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Dag
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.forename: Hans Henrik
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Luttropp
mesh_terms: D000764:Anesthesia, Closed-Circuit; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane