title: Sex differences in tracking performance in patients with Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether Parkinson's disease affects men and women differently, relative to age-matched controls, in manual tracking.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional exploratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ambulatory activity center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten men and 10 women with Parkinson's disease; 10 men and 10 women age-matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients tracked a sinewave target on a computer monitor in stimulus-response compatible (finger extension/flexion in vertical) or incompatible (horizontal) conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Accuracy Index (AI) score on finger movement tracking tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With data collapsed across sexes, AI scores were significantly higher for control subjects compared with subjects with Parkinson's disease in compatible (P<.001) and incompatible (P<.001) positions. With data partitioned out across sexes, control men tracked significantly higher than men with Parkinson's disease in compatible (P=.004) and incompatible (P<.001) positions, but control women did not track significantly different from women with Parkinson's disease in either position. Control men tracked significantly higher than control women in compatible (P=.003) and incompatible (P=.001) positions, but men with Parkinson's disease did not track significantly different from women with Parkinson's disease in either position.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parkinson's disease affects men and women disproportionately in manual tracking. Comparisons between subjects with Parkinson's disease and controls in spatial skill should include sex as a factor. More research is needed to confirm these findings.
authors.affiliation: Program in Physical Therapy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA. carey007@tc.umn.edu
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Deskin
authors.forename: Kevin T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Josephson
authors.forename: Rosemary L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Wichmann
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003626:Data Display; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents