In vitro induction of benzo(a)pyrene cell-transforming activity by the glucosinolate gluconasturtiin found in cruciferous vegetables.
Cytotoxic and cell-transforming activity of gluconasturtiin (GNST), a promising chemopreventive agent commonly found in human diet, was studied in a medium-term bioassay utilizing BALB/c 3T3 cells. We also assessed whether GNST coupled with myrosinase, thus yielding product phenylethyl isothiocyanate (as shown by gas chromatography-mass spectral analysis), can affect the transforming potential of benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P). Neither cytotoxicity nor cell-transforming activity was recorded. On the contrary, a marked increase (up to sevenfold) of the transforming activity of B(a)P was seen. This cocarcinogenic potential could be ascribed to an imbalance among bioactivation/detoxication during cell growth. These results indicate the need for an overall toxicological characterization of a chemopreventive agent prior to large-scale use.
Perocco
Paolo
P
Institute of Cancerology, University of Bologna, Viale Filopanti 22, Italy. perocco@cancer.unibo.it
Iori
Renato
R
Barillari
Jessica
J
Broccoli
Massimiliano
M
Sapone
Andrea
A
Affatato
Alessandra
A
Paolini
Moreno
M
D016475:3T3 Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000633:toxicity*; D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005961:Glucosinolates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012307:Risk Factors
D002273:Carcinogens; D005961:Glucosinolates; D017879:Isothiocyanates; C443697:gluconasturtiin; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; C058305:phenethyl isothiocyanate; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C022739:thioglucosidase