Intracerebral haemorrhage in previously healthy adults following aerobic and anaerobic exercise.
OBJECTIVE
Intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) without demonstrated tissue pathology in previously healthy adults has not been previously linked to anaerobic or aerobic exercise. The possible mechanisms and risk factors for ICH that may be found in a young, "healthy" adult are described.


METHODS
Case reports of two patients who suffered a frontal lobe ICH following aerobic and anaerobic exercise are presented. A review of the literature was carried out to elucidate the risk factors for ICH in previously healthy adults.


RESULTS
Hypocholesterolemia below 4.14 mmol/l, phenylpropanolamine use above 75 mg per day and certain apolipoprotein phenotypes (Apo E2 and Apo E4), which can all be found in young, healthy adults have all been described in the literature as contributors to the risk of ICH.


CONCLUSIONS
There is a need for these risk factors to be researched in more detail, given that potential risk modifiers may help decrease their posed threat.
Cayen
Barry
B
Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2A2 Canada.
Cullen
Nora
N
D000328:Adult; D053329:Apolipoprotein E2; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015444:Exercise; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014891:Weight Lifting
D053329:Apolipoprotein E2; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D002784:Cholesterol