title: Lipid profiles in untreated severe congenital isolated growth hormone deficiency through the lifespan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) is associated with adverse changes in lipid profile. However, changes in lipids through life in a homogeneous group of GHD subjects have not been defined.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined lipid levels in a group of untreated severely GHD patients with a mutation in the GHRH receptor gene from a rural community in North-east Brazil. Lipid profiles in 15 GHD subjects [eight children and adolescents (one male), age (median [range]) 13.2 (5.4-19.9) years; seven adults (one male), age 47 (33-66) years] were compared with those in 29 indigenous controls from the same extended kindred [17 children and adolescents (six male), age 10.2 (5.3-18.4) years; 12 adults (eight male), age 54.5 (33-80) years]. All GHD subjects had a peak GH response of < 0.5 ng/ml in response to an insulin tolerance test and extremely reduced IGF-1 levels (median 5.5 ng/ml). Data were compared between cohorts and with an age- and sex-matched white American reference population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Abnormalities were confined to plasma total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. More GHD children had levels of plasma TC and LDL-C above the 95th percentile for our reference population (3/8 and 4/7, respectively) compared to controls (0/17 and 1/15, respectively) (P < 0.05). In the adults, median TC and LDL-C levels were higher in the GHD than controls (P < 0.05) (6.3 vs. 4.1 mmol/l; 4.4 vs. 2.7 mmol/l, respectively). Median Z-scores, calculated using values from the reference population, were not different between GHD children and adults for both TC (+0.8 vs.+0.4) and LDL-C (+1.4 vs.+0.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lipid profile in children as well as in adults with very severe GHD is adversely modified. There would appear to be no significant worsening of the lipid abnormality with duration of GHD or achievement of adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Christie Hospital, Manchester, UK. helena.gleeson@christie-tr.nwest.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Helena K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Gleeson
authors.forename: Anita H O
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Gilbert E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Wieringa
authors.forename: Elenilde S de A
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Barretto
authors.forename: J A S
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Barretto-Filho
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Shalet
authors.forename: Manuel H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Aguiar-Oliveira
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Clayton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000172:deficiency*; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010900:Pituitary Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000235:genetics; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008055:Lipids; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D014280:Triglycerides; D013006:Growth Hormone; D002784:Cholesterol