title: [Carriers of hepatitis C: should they all be vaccinated for hepatitis A?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence of immunization against hepatitis A virus (HAV) in persons with hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, in order to determine who should be vaccinated for the former.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive, cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban health center serving 12 000 inhabitants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients older than 14 years positive for HCV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  presence of chronic liver disease, serological indications of hepatitis B, A, and immune deficiency virus (HIV) infection, vaccination for hepatitis B.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 134 persons (70.9% men and 29.1% women) comprised the sample of patients positive for HCV infection. Mean age was 41.75 years (SD, 16.55 years). Nearly all patients (93.3%) had chronic liver disease, 56.7% were intravenous drug users, 56% were positive for Hbc antibodies and 32.8% were positive for HIV. Serological testing for HAV was done in 75 patients (56%); the result was positive in 86.7%. Mean age in this subgroup was 50.4 years (SD, 17.8 years). In the HAV-negative subgroup, mean age was 36.6 years (SD, 15 years; P=.02). Serological testing for HAV could not be done in 44% of the patients: 33.6% did not respond to attempts to contact them by telephone or in writing, 6% were temporarily away from home, and 1 patient declined to be tested. The response to requests to obtain blood samples was better in women (66.7%), HIV-negative patients (34.7%), persons who were not intravenous drug users (43.3%) and persons with chronic liver disease (60%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In persons younger than 40 years, the proportion of seronegative individuals is similar to that in the general population. Vaccination should be considered for all patients positive for HCV infection. In persons older than 40 years with chronic liver disease, the decision to vaccinate for HAV should be made in the light of serological findings.
authors.affiliation: Especialistas en Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria, El Prat de Llobregat, Unidad Docente de Medicina de Familia y Comunitaria Costa de Ponent, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sans
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Escorza
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Villagrasa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Comín
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ezpeleta
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Batalla
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002353:Carrier State / Q000175:diagnosis; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006679:HIV Seropositivity; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines