title: The effect of microgravity and space flight on the chemical senses.
abstract: The effect of space flight and microgravity on the chemical senses is reviewed. Skylab-4 and Soyuz 30-31 studies revealed changes in taste thresholds while no effect was found in a Canadian investigation (41-G) and conflicting results were obtained on another Soyuz mission. Two simulated microgravity studies found no effect on taste or smell sensitivity; while 5 other studies found an effect. Microgravity induces physiological changes including an upward shift of body fluids toward the head, which may lead to an attenuation of the olfactory component in the flavor of foods. Chemosensory changes may also relate to space sickness, Shuttle atmosphere, stress, radiation, and psychological factors.
authors.affiliation: Food Science Dept., Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USA. aao6@cornell.edu
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Olabi
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Lawless
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Levitsky
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Halpern
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018480:Astronauts / Q000523:psychology; D001510:Bed Rest; D018495:Fluid Shifts / Q000502:physiology; D018475:Head-Down Tilt; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012903:Smell / Q000502:physiology*; D013026:Space Flight; D018489:Space Motion Sickness / Q000503:physiopathology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology; D013649:Taste / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D013652:Taste Threshold; D014893:Weightlessness; D018474:Weightlessness Simulation