title: Analysis of facial growth in subjects with syndromic ectodermal dysplasia: a longitudinal analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the craniofacial growth pattern of patients diagnosed with syndromic ectodermal dysplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mixed longitudinal analysis of lateral cephalograms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data were analysed using a multilevel modelling technique with the MLwiN application software and the results presented numerically and graphically.
  
  
  METHODS
  All 61 subjects had severe hypodontia with the number of absent teeth (excluding third molars) ranging from 6 to 28 (mean = 15.4). At presentation the subjects had a mean age of 133 months and were followed longitudinally for between one and five subsequent occasions (mean 2.66 occasions; mean age at completion of observation 207 months).
  
  
  METHODS
  Lateral cephalograms taken at each visit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of four angular measurements and four linear measurements, together with one calculated ratio.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Growth curves are presented showing the trends of craniofacial growth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most significant findings were for a universal tendency for the individuals to undergo a change in sagittal relationship of the jaws, becoming markedly more Class III with time. We have also demonstrated a significant difference in growth between the anterior and posterior face heights indicating that the subjects have a tendency to an anterior growth rotation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Institute for Advanced Dental Education, Ministry of Public Health, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bondarets
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: McDonald
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000848:Anodontia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004476:Ectodermal Dysplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000209:etiology; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D008954:Models, Biological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013577:Syndrome; D014716:Vertical Dimension