title: Confirmatory factor analysis of DSM-IV borderline, schizotypal, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders: findings from the Collaborative Longitudinal Personality Disorders Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the diagnostic constructs implied by DSM-IV Axis-II personality disorders by examining relationships between different combinations of DSM-IV criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Confirmatory factor analysis was used to test the borderline, schizotypal, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorder constructs in a large treatment-seeking sample (N= 668) from a multisite study. A model based on the three DSM-IV Axis II clusters was also tested. Both models were tested against a unitary 'generic' model constructed from four criteria sets combined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Goodness-of-fit for both the three-cluster and four disorder models was significantly better than the unidimensional model, and the four-disorder model was significantly better than the three-cluster model. Results were replicated using data from 2-year follow-up obtained by interviewers blind to original Axis II diagnoses at baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Support is provided for the DSM-IV disorder-level classification for schizotypal, borderline, avoidant and obsessive-compulsive personality disorders in a treatment-seeking sample.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8098, USA.
authors.forename: Charles A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sanislow
authors.forename: Leslie C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Morey
authors.forename: Carlos M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Grilo
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Gunderson
authors.forename: M Tracie
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Shea
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Skodol
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Stout
authors.forename: Mary C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Zanarini
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: McGlashan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012569:Schizotypal Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index