title: Systemic medications: clinical significance in periodontics.
abstract: Systemic medications are of value as adjuncts to periodontal therapy. These medications can be divided into two major categories: antibiotics and agents for host modulation. Antibiotics have been shown to be valuable adjuncts in specialized types of periodontal disease, such as localized and generalized aggressive periodontitis, and of possible value in severe chronic periodontitis. Antibiotics have been studied individually, in combination and in sequential therapy. Host modulators include Periostat, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, alendronate (Fosamax), hormone replacement therapy and anti-arthritic medications. These agents produce their beneficial effects by a variety of mechanisms of action, including inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases, inhibition of prostaglandin production, stimulation of osteoblasts, inhibition of osteoclasts, and other anti-inflammatory mechanisms of action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Endodontics, State University of New York at Buffalo, School of Dental Medicine, Buffalo, NY14214-3008, USA. ciancio@buffalo.edu
authors.forename: Sebastian G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Ciancio
mesh_terms: D019386:Alendronate / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000187:drug effects; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011448:Prostaglandin Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D011448:Prostaglandin Antagonists; D004318:Doxycycline; D019386:Alendronate