Are photographic records reliable for orthodontic screening?
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to evaluate the reliability of a panel of orthodontists for accepting new patient referrals based on clinical photographs.


METHODS
Eight orthodontists from Greater Manchester, Lancashire, Chester, and Derbyshire observed clinical photographs of 40 consecutive new patients attending the orthodontic department, Hope Hospital, Salford.


METHODS
They recorded whether or not they would accept the patient, as a new patient referral, in their department. Each consultant was asked to take into account factors, such as oral hygiene, dental development, and severity of the malocclusion.


METHODS
Kappa statistic for multiple-rater agreement and kappa statistic for intra-observer reliability were calculated.


RESULTS
Inter-observer panel agreement for accepting new patient referrals based on photographic information was low (multiple rater kappa score 0.37). Intra-examiner agreement was better (kappa range 0.34-0.90).


CONCLUSIONS
Clinician agreement for screening and accepting orthodontic referrals based on clinical photographs is comparable to that previously reported for other clinical decision making.
Department of Oral Health and Development, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, UK. mdtmsnam@fs1.den.man.ac.uk
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Mandall
D000367:Age Factors; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003792:Dental Records; D004739:England; D006801:Humans; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D015588:Observer Variation; D009805:Odontogenesis; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D009970:Orthodontics; D023861:Photography, Dental; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013223:Statistics as Topic