Enteric administration of a live attenuated measles vaccine does not induce protective immunity in a macaque model.
To test the option of oral vaccination with a live attenuated measles vaccine (LAV), we have evaluated the potential of an orally administered enteric-coated tablet containing a candidate LAV (strain Leningrad-16, MV-L16). To this end three groups of two cynomolgus macaques each were vaccinated via different routes with 10(3.8) TCID(50) MV-L16 vaccine: intramuscularly (i.m.), intraintestinally (i.i.) upon laparotomy and via enteric-coated tablets. Upon vaccination, MV-L16 could only be isolated from one of the i.m.-vaccinated monkeys and not from any of the other five. Both the i.m.-infected monkeys and one of the i.i.-infected monkeys developed a MV-specific serum antibody response. Also, MV-specific CD8(+) IFN gamma-producing T cells could be demonstrated in all three monkeys that had seroconverted. Upon challenge with wild-type MV 1 year after vaccination, only these three monkeys proved to be protected. These data do not support the viability of the concept of oral vaccination with LAVs.
Stittelaar
Koert J
KJ
Institute of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
de Swart
Rik L
RL
Vos
Helma W
HW
van Amerongen
Geert
G
Agafonov
Alexander P
AP
Nechaeva
Elena A
EA
Osterhaus
Albert D M E
AD
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007267:Injections; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007421:Intestine, Small; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated