Affinity hemodialysis for antiviral therapy. I. Removal of HIV-1 from cell culture supernatants, plasma, and blood.
We tested an affinity hemodialysis technique designed to efficiently remove HIV and toxic viral proteins from blood. Miniature polyethersulfone hollow-fiber dialysis cartridges (200-500 nm pore) were packed with anti-HIV antibodies covalently coupled to agarose beads and sealed inside the cartridge. Cell culture fluids, plasma, or infected blood (7-15 ml) containing HIV-1 were circulated over the cartridge at 0.7-10 ml/min and the rate of removal of HIV measured by PCR and p24 ELISA. The technique removed up to 98% of HIV-1 particles from cell culture supernatants. Affinity hemodialysis also efficiently captured cultured HIV from human blood plasma (90%) and native HIV from infected blood (83% to 100%). Viral capture followed first-order kinetics (t(1/2) = 2.8 h). Variations in antibody type, matrix linkage (protein G versus direct coupling), bead pore size, and temperature of operation (25-37 degrees C) had only small effects. Although some binding was nonspecific, direct binding to the immobilized antibodies appeared to be the predominant mechanism.
Tullis
Richard H
RH
Aethlon Medical, Inc., San Diego, California 92121, USA. rhtullis@aethlonmedical.com
Duffin
R Paul
RP
Zech
Marvin
M
Ambrus
Julian L
JL
D001769:Blood / Q000821:virology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D010949:Plasma / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014779:Virus Replication
D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins