Synergism between HIV and other viruses in the mouth.
The HIV family replicate in and are shed from the mouth. Oral sexual practices potentially contribute to the overall extent of HIV transmission, particularly if high-risk practices are not restricted. Herpesviruses and papillomaviruses that appear in the oral cavity can determine oral HIV replication. The mechanisms probably include heterologous transactivation, enhanced expression of HIV receptors and co-receptors in target cells, release of cytokines and chemokines, and production of superantigens. Oral diseases peculiar to, or more common in, the HIV-infected patient further predispose to heightened oral HIV replication and trafficking. Defining the mechanisms by which oral viruses interact with HIV in the co-infected host should permit intervention measures against oral HIV transmission to be more precisely targeted.
Mbopi-Kéou
François-Xavier
FX
Department of Oral Medicine at Eastman Dental Institute, UCL, University of London, London, UK. F.Mbopikeou@eastman.ucl.ac.uk
Bélec
Laurent
L
Teo
Chong G
CG
Scully
Crispian
C
Porter
Stephen R
SR
D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000254:growth & development; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D006564:Herpesviridae / Q000254:growth & development; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000254:growth & development; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000821:virology