Axonal and presynaptic protein synthesis: new insights into the biology of the neuron.
The presence of a local mRNA translation system in axons and terminals was proposed almost 40 years ago. Over the ensuing period, an impressive body of evidence has grown to support this proposal -- yet the nerve cell body is still considered to be the only source of axonal and presynaptic proteins. To dispel this lingering neglect, we now present the wealth of recent observations bearing on this central idea, and consider their impact on our understanding of the biology of the neuron. We demonstrate that extrasomatic translation sites, which are now well recognized in dendrites, are also present in axonal and presynaptic compartments.
Department of General and Environmental Physiology, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy. giuditta@unina.it
Antonio
A
Giuditta
Barry B
BB
Kaplan
Jan
J
van Minnen
Jaime
J
Alvarez
Edward
E
Koenig
D000818:Animals; D002451:Cell Compartmentation / Q000502:physiology*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020439:Growth Cones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure
D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger