Mechanisms of desflurane-induced preconditioning in isolated human right atria in vitro.
BACKGROUND
The authors examined the role of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels, adenosine A1 receptor, and alpha and beta adrenoceptors in desflurane-induced preconditioning in human myocardium, in vitro.


METHODS
The authors recorded isometric contraction of human right atrial trabeculae suspended in oxygenated Tyrode's solution (34 degrees C; stimulation frequency, 1 Hz). Before a 30-min anoxic period, 3, 6, and 9% desflurane was administered during 15 min. Desflurane, 6%, was also administered in the presence of 10 microm glibenclamide, a K(ATP) channels antagonist; 10 microm HMR 1098, a sarcolemmal K(ATP) channel antagonist; 800 microm 5-hydroxy-decanoate (5-HD), a mitochondrial K(ATP) channel antagonist; 1 microm phentolamine, an alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist; 1 microm propranolol, a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist; and 100 nm 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPX), the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist. Developed force at the end of a 60-min reoxygenation period was compared (mean +/- SD).


RESULTS
Desflurane at 3% (95 +/- 13% of baseline), 6% (86 +/- 6% of baseline), and 9% (82 +/- 6% of baseline) enhanced the recovery of force after 60 min of reoxygenation as compared with the control group (50 +/- 11% of baseline). Glibenclamide (60 +/- 12% of baseline), 5-HD (57 +/- 21% of baseline), DPX (63 +/- 19% of baseline), phentolamine (56 +/- 20% of baseline), and propranolol (63 +/- 13% of baseline) abolished desflurane-induced preconditioning. In contrast, HMR 1098 (85 +/- 12% of baseline) did not modify desflurane-induced preconditioning.


CONCLUSIONS
In vitro, desflurane preconditions human myocardium against simulated ischemia through activation of mitochondrial K(ATP) channels, adenosine A1 receptor, and alpha and beta adrenoceptors.
Hanouz
Jean-Luc
JL
Department of Anesthesiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Caen, France. hanouz-jl@chu-caen.fr
Yvon
Alexandra
A
Massetti
Massimo
M
Lepage
Olivier
O
Babatasi
Gérard
G
Khayat
André
A
Bricard
Henri
H
Gérard
Jean-Louis
JL
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077335:Desflurane; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000187:drug effects; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000187:drug effects
D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D005905:Glyburide