Aldosterone and PAI-1: implications for renal injury.
Aldosterone modulates cardiovascular and renal injury and fibrosis in animal models. This review explores the hypothesis that aldosterone causes injury and fibrosis, in part, through effects on plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, the major physiological inhibitor of plasminogen activators in vivo. Aldosterone interacts with angiotensin II to increase plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 expression in vitro and in vivo. Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, by inhibiting the production of plasmin from plasminogen, tips the balance in favor of extracellular matrix accumulation and promotes fibrosis. Aldosterone receptor antagonism decreases both PAI-1 expression and fibrosis in animal models. These findings have implications for the clinical management of cardiovascular and renal disease.
Brown
Nancy J
NJ
Deaprtment of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA. nancy.brown@mcmail.vanderbilt.edu
Vaughan
Douglas E
DE
Fogo
Agnes B
AB
D000450:Aldosterone / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000502:physiology*
D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D000450:Aldosterone