Olfactory function in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD): results from cross-sectional studies in IPD patients and long-term follow-up of de-novo IPD patients.
Olfactory loss is a prominent symptom in idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD). Experiment 1 re-investigated the diagnostic value of psychophysical testing in the differentiation between idiopathic Parkinson disease (IPD) from non-IPD; 50 consecutive PS patients participated. In Experiment 2 five de-novo patients received 3 olfactory tests spread over a period of approximately one year. Nineteen IPD patients were anosmic, and 18 were hyposmic. All but one patient with MSA and PSP had mild/moderate hyposmia. Normosmia was found in CBD/misdiagnosed PS/psychogenic movement disorder. In Experiment 2, one of the de-novo patients was normosmic, 3 hyposmic, and 1 anosmic. Follow up investigations indicated decreased olfactory function in 3 patients while it improved in one. The normosmic patient retained olfactory abilities. This patient failed to respond to pharmacological treatment. In summary, olfactory tests differentiate IPD from non-IPD. Furthermore, tests of olfactory function may also be of interest in investigations related to treatment of PS.
Müller
A
A
Department of Neurology,, University of Dresden Medical School, Federal Republic of Germany.
Reichmann
H
H
Livermore
A
A
Hummel
T
T
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D019578:Multiple System Atrophy / Q000150:complications; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D000857:Olfaction Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011601:Psychophysics / Q000379:methods; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012903:Smell; D013494:Supranuclear Palsy, Progressive / Q000150:complications