Neuronal changes in normal human aging and Alzheimer's disease.
This article discusses age-related changes in brain weight, total number of cortical neurons, cortical dendrites, spine, and synapse density. The conclusion is that the present outlook is less grim than it was 30 years ago. Age-related reduction appears to be specific to brain region and cortical layer rather than a general feature. In addition, we describe a different pattern of changes that occur in Alzheimer's disease patients. This review concludes that the association cortices in particular are affected in aging and Alzheimer's disease and that the primary visual and somatosensory cortices are relatively spared.
Uylings
Harry B M
HB
Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. h.uylings@nih.knaw.nl
de Brabander
J M
JM
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002452:Cell Count; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology