Oral lichen planus has a high rate of TP53 mutations. A study of oral mucosa in icelanD.
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a world-wide health problem. In addition to external exposure (smoking and alcohol), certain oral lesions may increase the risk of oral cancer (e.g. leukoplakia, erythroplakia, and oral lichen planus). TP53 has been implicated in OSCC, but there are limited studies of mutations in premalignant oral lesions. In this study, 55 samples from OSCC, 47 from hyperkeratotic (HK) oral mucosa, clinically diagnosed as white patches, 48 samples from oral lichen planus (OLP), and 12 biopsies from normal oral mucosa were studied immunohistochemically for expression of TP53 protein. From all the carcinoma samples and selected non-malignant samples showing moderate or strong TP53 protein expression, malignant cells or TP53-positive nuclei were microdissected and screened for mutations in exons 5-8 by constant denaturation gel electrophoresis. Moderate to strong TP53 protein staining was seen in 56% of OSCC, 32% of OLP but only in 13% of HK. All OLP samples showed a characteristic pattern of positive nuclei confined to the basal layer, whereas TP53 staining was seen in suprabasal nuclei in HK. Mutation rate was 11 out of 52 for OSCC, three out of 20 tested for HK and, remarkably, nine out 27 tested for OLP. There was no correlation between TP53 protein staining and TP53 mutations. No associations were found with anatomical sites or disease progression. The unexpectedly high mutation rate of OLP might explain the premalignant potential of this lesion.
Molecular and Cell Biology Laboratory, Icelandic Cancer Society, Reykjavik. helgam@krabb.is
Helga M
HM
Ogmundsdóttir
Hólmfríöur
H
Hilmarsdóttir
Alfheiöur
A
Astvaldsdóttir
Jóhann Heiöar
JH
Jóhannsson
W Peter
WP
Holbrook
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018450:Disease Progression; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015870:Gene Expression; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007055:Iceland; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics
D003062:Codon; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53