A controlled trial of music and pre-operative anxiety in Chinese men undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate.
OBJECTIVE
To test the effects of music intervention on pre-operative anxiety in Chinese males undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate.


BACKGROUND
No studies have measured the effects of music intervention in reducing pre-operative anxiety for patients with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Previous studies have examined the effects of music on pre-operative anxiety but have not examined the possible effects of the presence of a carer as an independent variable in pre-operative anxiety levels of patients in addition to the music intervention. The cultural validity of applying a music intervention to the reduction of pre-operative anxiety was also investigated.


METHODS
A quasi-experimental design with three groups: music intervention, nurse presence and control group.


METHODS
Thirty patients having TURP were randomly assigned (n = 10 each group) to one of the three groups. Pre- and post-test measures of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, heart rate and state anxiety using the Chinese State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (C-STAI) were obtained for the three groups.


RESULTS
The findings showed that the music intervention significantly reduced all blood pressure levels for the patients. A reduction in state anxiety level was also found for the music intervention group. No significant reductions in blood pressure, heart rate and state anxiety level were found in the nurse presence and control groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The results support the cross-cultural validity of using a music intervention in pre-operative anxiety reduction, in this case for TURP patients waiting in the theatre holding area.
Yung
Paul Man Bun
PM
Registered Nurse, Operating Theatre, Kwong Wah Hospital, Hong Kong, China. hspyung@polyu.edu.hk
Chui-Kam
Szeto
S
French
Peter
P
Chan
Tony Moon Fai
TM
D001007:Anxiety / Q000628:therapy*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009147:Music Therapy; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000523:psychology*