Continuous intraventricular clonidine infusion in controlled morphine withdrawal--case report.
A patient with atypical bilateral facial pain reported the loss of analgesic effect of intracerebroventricular morphine delivered continuously via an implanted pump, accompanied by intolerable adverse side effects associated with the administered high dose of morphine. Clonidine was substituted for morphine over a period of 3 weeks to achieve a drug holiday. The patient did not have significant withdrawal symptoms or major discomfort from pain, leading to a reduced quality of life during this period. Six months after the treatment, the patient continues to require a significantly lower daily dose of morphine. Morphine withdrawal with clonidine substitution produced a significant improvement in the analgesic efficacy of morphine and in the quality of life in the absence of undesirable side effects.
Lorenz
M
M
Department of Neurosurgery, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, D-30625 Hannover, Germany Department of Anesthesiology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
Hussein
S
S
Verner
L
L
D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009020:Morphine; D003000:Clonidine