Immature myeloid cells and cancer-associated immune suppression.
Impaired balance between mature and immature myeloid cells is one of the hallmarks of cancer. In cancer patients as well as in mouse models there is increasing evidence that progressive tumor growth is associated with an accumulation of immature myeloid cells, monocytes/macrophages, and with a decreased number and function of dendritic cells (DC). This review examines recent findings on the contribution of immature myeloid cells (ImC) to cancer-induced immune suppression.
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center, University of South Florida, MRC-2, Room 2067, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
Sergei
S
Kusmartsev
Dmitry I
DI
Gabrilovich
D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000032:analysis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000502:physiology; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000209:etiology*; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000502:physiology; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D018448:Models, Immunological; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D008222:Lymphokines; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor