Differential diagnosis of depressed mood in patients with schizophrenia: a diagnostic algorithm based on a review.
OBJECTIVE
To review the available literature on depressive symptomatology in schizophrenia in order to establish a diagnostic algorithm of depressive syndromes in schizophrenia.


METHODS
A literature search was performed using PubMed and Medline. Additional information was gained by cross-referencing from papers found in the database. Data from controlled studies as well as supplementary information from review articles and psychiatric manuals pertinent to the topic were used. Depressive symptoms were classified with respect to their temporal relationship to acute psychotic symptoms before the background of nosological entities as operationalized by Diagnostic Statistical Manual IV (DSM IV).


RESULTS
Depression is a common and devastating comorbid syndrome in patients suffering from schizophrenic disorder. The paper summarizes the relevant diagnostic steps to guide the clinician towards therapeutic interventions, which differ depending on the nature of the depressive syndrome.


CONCLUSIONS
Differentiating depressives states in schizophrenia has consequences in terms of choosing therapeutic strategies. An algorithm which leads the practitioner to a reliable diagnosis and in consequence to a valid therapy is presented.
Hausmann
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A
Department of General Psychiatry, Innsbruck University Hospital, Innsbruck, Austria. armand.hausmann@uibk.ac.at
Fleischhacker
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WW
D000465:Algorithms; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
D000928:Antidepressive Agents