Characterization of an inducible citrate uptake system in Penicillium simplicissimum.
When citrate was used as a sole source of carbon, citrate uptake by Penicillium simplicissimum increased 267-fold (if glucose-grown mycelium was adapted to citrate) or 1400-fold (if the fungus was grown on citrate) compared to glucose-grown mycelium. Inhibition of macromolecular synthesis prevented this stimulation of citrate uptake. Citrate uptake by glucose-grown mycelium was low (0.0015 nmol min(-1) (mg DW)(-1)) and most probably due to diffusion of undissociated citric acid. Citrate-adapted mycelium had a K(M) of 65 micromol l(-1) and a V(max) of 0.34 nmol min(-1) (mg DW)(-1). In citrate-grown mycelium K(M) was 318 micromol l(-1) and V(max) was 8.5 nmol min(-1) (mg DW)(-1). Citrate uptake was inhibited by sodium azide and uncouplers (TCS, 3,3',4',5-tetrachlorosalicylanilide; FCCP, carbonyl cyanide p-trifluoromethoxyphenyl-hydrazone). Because of this we postulate that the induced citrate uptake must be an active transport process. The pH optimum of citrate uptake was between pH 6 and 7. EDTA and Mg2+, Mn2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Fe2+, Ca2+ only weakly influenced the induced citrate uptake. The properties of citrate uptake by Aspergillus niger and P. simplicissimum are compared.
Simkovic
Martin
M
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Kalinák
Michal
M
Burgstaller
Wolfgang
W
Varecka
L'udovít
L
D001692:Biological Transport; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D010407:Penicillium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D019810:Sodium Azide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D019343:Citric Acid; D019810:Sodium Azide