Familial, psychiatric, and socioeconomic risk factors for suicide in young people: nested case-control study.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the risk of suicide in young people related to family and individual psychiatric and socioeconomic factors.


METHODS
Population based nested case-control study.


METHODS
Data from longitudinal Danish registers. CASES AND CONTROL: 496 young people aged 10-21 years who had committed suicide during 1981-97 in Denmark and 24, 800 controls matched for sex, age, and time.


METHODS
All suicides in Denmark compared with controls; parents and siblings identified from population based registers; inpatient information from discharge registers of national hospitals; and socioeconomic data from administrative registers.


RESULTS
Parental factors associated with an increased risk of suicide in young people were suicide or early death, admission to hospital for a mental illness, unemployment, low income, poor schooling, and divorce, as well as mental illness in siblings and mental illness and short duration of schooling in the young people themselves. The strongest risk factor was mental illness in the young people. The effect of the parents' socioeconomic factors decreased after adjustment for a family history of mental illness and a family history of suicide.


CONCLUSIONS
Recognising mental illness in young people and dealing with it appropriately could help prevent suicides. The high relative risk associated with a low socioeconomic status of the parents may be confounded and overestimated if not adjusted for mental illness and suicide in the family.
National Centre for Register-based Research, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. ea@ncrr.dk
Esben
E
Agerbo
Merete
M
Nordentoft
Preben Bo
PB
Mortensen
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D004522:Educational Status; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*