Adverse behavioral and emotional outcomes from child abuse and witnessed violence.
This article examines mental health outcomes of children who have witnessed violence in their social environment and/or have been physically abused. Participants (n = 167) come from a longitudinal study on child maltreatment. Outcomes-including depression, anger, and anxiety--are measured by the Child Behavior Checklist and the Trauma Symptom Checklist for Children. The authors used adjusted multivariate analyses to test the statistical significance of associations. The majority of children were female (57%) and non-White (64%). One third had been physically victimized; 46% had witnessed moderate-high levels of violence. Results confirm that children are negatively affected by victimization and violence they witness in their homes and neighborhoods. Victimization was a significant predictor of child aggression and depression; witnessed violence was found to be a significant predictor of aggression, depression, anger, and anxiety. Implications will be discussed.
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of North Carolina School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, USA.
Renee M
RM
Johnson
Jonathan B
JB
Kotch
Diane J
DJ
Catellier
Jane R
JR
Winsor
Vincent
V
Dufort
Wanda
W
Hunter
Lisa
L
Amaya-Jackson
D000328:Adult; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology; D000786:Anger; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology*; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014754:Violence