A first-generation linkage disequilibrium map of human chromosome 22.
DNA sequence variants in specific genes or regions of the human genome are responsible for a variety of phenotypes such as disease risk or variable drug response. These variants can be investigated directly, or through their non-random associations with neighbouring markers (called linkage disequilibrium (LD)). Here we report measurement of LD along the complete sequence of human chromosome 22. Duplicate genotyping and analysis of 1,504 markers in Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH) reference families at a median spacing of 15 kilobases (kb) reveals a highly variable pattern of LD along the chromosome, in which extensive regions of nearly complete LD up to 804 kb in length are interspersed with regions of little or no detectable LD. The LD patterns are replicated in a panel of unrelated UK Caucasians. There is a strong correlation between high LD and low recombination frequency in the extant genetic map, suggesting that historical and contemporary recombination rates are similar. This study demonstrates the feasibility of developing genome-wide maps of LD.
Dawson
Elisabeth
E
The Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.
Abecasis
Gonçalo R
GR
Bumpstead
Suzannah
S
Chen
Yuan
Y
Hunt
Sarah
S
Beare
David M
DM
Pabial
Jagjit
J
Dibling
Thomas
T
Tinsley
Emma
E
Kirby
Susan
S
Carter
David
D
Papaspyridonos
Marianna
M
Livingstone
Simon
S
Ganske
Rocky
R
Lõhmussaar
Elin
E
Zernant
Jana
J
Tõnisson
Neeme
N
Remm
Maido
M
Mägi
Reedik
R
Puurand
Tarmo
T
Vilo
Jaak
J
Kurg
Ants
A
Rice
Kate
K
Deloukas
Panos
P
Mott
Richard
R
Metspalu
Andres
A
Bentley
David R
DR
Cardon
Lon R
LR
Dunham
Ian
I
D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 / Q000235:genetics*; D018703:Founder Effect; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic