Protein kinase C-zeta regulates transcription of the matrix metalloproteinase-9 gene induced by IL-1 and TNF-alpha in glioma cells via NF-kappa B.
The regulation of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) expression in glioma cells is one of the key processes in tumor invasion through the brain extracellular matrix. Although some studies have demonstrated the implication of classic protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms in the regulation of MMP-9 production by phorbol esters or lipopolysaccharide, the involvement of specific PKC isoforms in the signaling pathways leading to MMP-9 expression by inflammatory cytokines remains unclear. Here we report that the atypical PKC-zeta isoform participates in the induction of MMP-9 expression by interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in rat C6 glioma cells. Indeed, zymography and semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR analysis showed that pretreatment of C6 cells with PKC-zeta pseudosubstrate abolished MMP-9 activity and gene expression induced by IL-1 or TNF-alpha. Accordingly, IL-1 and TNF-alpha were able to induce PKC-zeta activity, as demonstrated by in vitro kinase assay using immunoprecipitated PKC-zeta. Furthermore, stable C6 clones overexpressing PKC-zeta, but not PKC-epsilon, displayed an up-regulation of MMP-9 constitutive expression as well as an increase of mmp-9 promoter activity. These processes were inhibited by an NF-kappaB-blocking peptide and completely prevented by NF-kappaB-binding site mutation in the mmp-9 promoter. Taken together, these results indicate that PKC-zeta plays a key role in the regulation of MMP-9 expression in C6 glioma cells through NF-kappaB.
Estève
Pierre Olivier
PO
INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Québec H7V 1B7, Canada.
Chicoine
Eric
E
Robledo
Olivier
O
Aoudjit
Fawzi
F
Descoteaux
Albert
A
Potworowski
Edouard F
EF
St-Pierre
Yves
Y
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000235:genetics*; D005910:Glioma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D000099221:Protein Kinase C zeta
D017931:DNA Primers; D007375:Interleukin-1; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000099221:Protein Kinase C zeta