Anti-mutagenic activity of Phyllanthus amarus Schum & Thonn in vitro as well as in vivo.
Methanolic extract of Phyllanthus amarus was tested for its anti-mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium strains TA1535, TA100, and TA102 (Ames test). P. amarus extract was able to inhibit the activation and mutagenicity of 2-acetaminofluorene (2-AAF) and aflatoxinB(1) at concentrations of 0.25-2 mg/plate. It was also found to inhibit mutagenicity induced by direct acting mutagens sodium azide (NaN(3)), N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), and 4-nitro-0-phenylenediamine (NPD), at concentrations of 1 mg to 0.25 mg/plate. Urinary mutagenicity produced in rats by benzo[a] pyrene was found to be significantly inhibited by the oral administration of Phyllanthus extract. These results indicate significant anti-mutagenicity of the extract in vitro as well as in vivo.
Raphael
K Regi
KR
Amala Cancer Research Centre, Thrissur, Kerala, India.
Ajith
T A
TA
Joseph
Swarnam
S
Kuttan
Ramadasan
R
D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001711:Biotransformation / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D029803:Phyllanthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D019810:Sodium Azide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012997:Solvents; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D008769:Methylnitronitrosoguanidine; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; C012277:1,2-diamino-4-nitrobenzene; D019810:Sodium Azide; D015073:2-Acetylaminofluorene; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D000432:Methanol