Case report and literature review of chlorine gas toxicity.
Chlorine gas exposure is uncommon in children and when it occurs usually results in mild ocular, oropharyngeal, or respiratory symptoms. Occasionally, however, chlorine gas poisoning may cause severe pulmonay toxicity. We report the case of a 14-y-old boy with a history of asthma who was exposed to chlorine gas as a result of an ill-advised science experiment. His clinical condition deteriorated over the course of several hours, and he required intubation and ventilatory support. During his hospitalization, he developed the acute respiratory distress syndrome. He was treated with positive pressure ventilation, beta-adrenergic agonists, and corticosteroids. After 19 d, he was extubated and subsequently made an excellent recovery. We discuss his case and review the etiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, laboratory findings, treatment and possible long-term sequelae of chlorine gas toxicity.
New York City Poison Control Center, NY, USA.
Stephen J
SJ
Traub
Robert S
RS
Hoffman
Lewis S
LS
Nelson
D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D001249:Asthma; D002713:Chlorine / Q000633:toxicity*; D005740:Gases; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D007385:Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation; D008297:Male; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D005740:Gases; D002713:Chlorine