Methacholine-induced cGMP production is regulated by nitric oxide generation in rabbit submandibular gland cells.
Guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) is an intracellular messenger in various kinds of cell. We investigated the regulation of cGMP production by nitric oxide (NO) in rabbit submandibular gland cells. Methacholine, a muscarinic cholinergic agonist, stimulated cGMP production in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but the alpha-agonist phenylephrine, substance P and the beta-agonist isoproterenol failed to evoke cGMP production. In fura-2-loaded cells, methacholine induced an increase in intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) in a concentration-dependent manner, which was similar to that for cGMP production. When the external Ca2+ was chelated with EGTA, methacholine failed to induce cGMP production. Ca2+ ionophore A23187 and thapsigargin, which induce the increase in [Ca2+]i without activation of Ca2+-mobilizing receptors, mimicked the effect of methacholine. cGMP production induced by methacholine, A23187 and thapsigargin was clearly inhibited by NG-nitro-L-arginine methylester (L-NAME), a specific inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). S-Nitroso-N-acetyl-DL-penicillamine (SNAP), a NO donor, induced cGMP formation. In the lysate of rabbit submandibular gland cells, Ca2+-regulated nitric oxide synthase activity was detected. These findings suggest that cGMP production induced by the activation of muscarinic cholinergic receptors is regulated by NO generation via the increase in [Ca2+]i.
Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Matsudo, Japan.
Toshihiko
T
Sakai
Hiromi
H
Michikawa
Shunsuke
S
Furuyama
Hiroshi
H
Sugiya
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013373:Substance P / Q000494:pharmacology
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D002614:Chelating Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D010656:Phenylephrine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013373:Substance P; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D007545:Isoproterenol; D002118:Calcium; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester