Use of sustained-release bupropion in specific patient populations for smoking cessation.
Smoking cessation trials of sustained-release bupropion (bupropion SR) were initially conducted in a general population of smokers who were motivated to quit smoking. Bupropion SR has also been found to be a useful treatment of tobacco dependence in various special populations of smokers who often experience difficulty in overcoming tobacco addiction. Point-prevalence quit rates at 6 months were higher in those treated with bupropion SR than in those receiving placebo in studies on smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (23% vs 16%) and in those with cardiovascular disease (34% vs 12%). Abstinence from smoking after treatment with bupropion SR was not affected by a history of major depression or alcoholism. Women treated with bupropion SR were just as likely as men to abstain from smoking. Approximately one-third of a study population who were initially unwilling or unable to quit smoking were able to reduce their smoking by 50% or more during therapy with bupropion SR; 14% of these went on to achieve abstinence. Bupropion SR was well tolerated in these trials; importantly, it had no clinically significant effect on mean blood pressure in smokers, including those with hypertension, and attenuated the weight gain associated with smoking cessation, particularly in women.
Tonstad
Serena
S
Department of Preventive Cardiology, Ullevål University Hospital, N-0407 Oslo, Norway. Serena.Tonstad@ulleval.no
D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D016642:Bupropion / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D016642:Bupropion