Prognostic significance of serum p53 antibody in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
BACKGROUND
The p53 protein overexpression that usually results from genetic alterations has been reported to induce serum antibodies against p53. There is little information about the clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of preoperative serum p53 antibody in patients with esophageal cancer.


METHODS
A highly specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to analyze serum p53 antibodies in 105 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. The cutoff level of 1.3 U/mL was used to indicate seropositive patients, and the cutoff level of 10 U/mL was used to identify high titer patients. At 3 months after surgery, seropositive patients were examined again.


RESULTS
A total of 28 patients (26.7%) were positive for serum p53 antibodies. The patients who remained seropositive were more likely to develop tumor recurrence (P =.025). Seropositive patients had worse outcome than seronegative patients. The high titer group had significant association with advanced tumor stages and worse outcomes than the low titer group. High serum p53 antibody titer was an independent prognostic factor (P <.001).


CONCLUSIONS
We found that serum p53 antibody was useful to detect esophageal cancer and to identify those with a high risk of tumor recurrence and a poor prognosis.
Department of Academic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
Hideaki
H
Shimada
Yoshihiro
Y
Nabeya
Shin-Ichi
S
Okazumi
Hisahiro
H
Matsubara
Yutaka
Y
Funami
Tooru
T
Shiratori
Hideki
H
Hayashi
Akihiko
A
Takeda
Takenori
T
Ochiai
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000276:immunology*
D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53