Discovery of aminopyridine-based inhibitors of bacterial enoyl-ACP reductase (FabI).
Bacterial enoyl-ACP reductase (FabI) catalyzes the final step in each cycle of bacterial fatty acid biosynthesis and is an attractive target for the development of new antibacterial agents. Our efforts to identify potent, selective FabI inhibitors began with screening of the GlaxoSmithKline proprietary compound collection, which identified several small-molecule inhibitors of Staphylococcus aureus FabI. Through a combination of iterative medicinal chemistry and X-ray crystal structure based design, one of these leads was developed into the novel aminopyridine derivative 9, a low micromolar inhibitor of FabI from S. aureus (IC(50) = 2.4 microM) and Haemophilus influenzae (IC(50) = 4.2 microM). Compound 9 has good in vitro antibacterial activity against several organisms, including S. aureus (MIC = 0.5 microg/mL), and is effective in vivo in a S. aureus groin abscess infection model in rats. Through FabI overexpressor and macromolecular synthesis studies, the mode of action of 9 has been confirmed to be inhibition of fatty acid biosynthesis via inhibition of FabI. Taken together, these results support FabI as a valid antibacterial target and demonstrate the potential of small-molecule FabI inhibitors for the treatment of bacterial infections.
Miller
William H
WH
GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals, 1250 South Collegeville Road, P.O. Box 5089, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA. william_h_miller@gsk.com
Seefeld
Mark A
MA
Newlander
Kenneth A
KA
Uzinskas
Irene N
IN
Burgess
Walter J
WJ
Heerding
Dirk A
DA
Yuan
Catherine C K
CC
Head
Martha S
MS
Payne
David J
DJ
Rittenhouse
Stephen F
SF
Moore
Terrance D
TD
Pearson
Stewart C
SC
Berry
Valerie
V
DeWolf
Walter E
WE
Keller
Paul M
PM
Polizzi
Brian J
BJ
Qiu
Xiayang
X
Janson
Cheryl A
CA
Huffman
William F
WF
D000178:Acrylamides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000631:Aminopyridines / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D016208:Databases, Factual; D050753:Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH); D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
C461656:3-(6-aminopyridin-3-yl)-N-methyl-N-((1-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)methyl)acrylamide; D000178:Acrylamides; D000631:Aminopyridines; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D050753:Enoyl-(Acyl-Carrier-Protein) Reductase (NADH); D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases