Differential susceptibility of rats and guinea pigs to the ototoxic effects of ethyl benzene.
The present study was designed to compare the ototoxic effects of volatile ethyl benzene in guinea pigs and rats. Rats showed deteriorated auditory thresholds in the mid-frequency range, based on electrocochleography, after 550-ppm ethyl benzene (8 h/day, 5 days). Outer hair cell (OHC) loss was found in the corresponding cochlear regions. In contrast, guinea pigs showed no threshold shifts and no OHC loss after exposure to much higher ethyl benzene levels (2500 ppm, 6 h/day, 5 days). Subsequently, a limited study (four rats and four guinea pigs) was performed in an attempt to understand these differences in susceptibility. Ethyl benzene concentration in blood was determined in both species after exposure to 500-ppm ethyl benzene (8 h/day, 3 days). At the end of the first day, blood of the rats contained 23.2+/-0.8-microg/ml ethyl benzene, whereas the concentration in guinea pig blood was 2.8+/-0.1 microg/ml. After 3 days, the concentration in both species decreased with respect to the first day, but the ethyl benzene concentration in rat blood was still 4.3 times higher than that in guinea pig blood. Thus, the difference in susceptibility between the species may be related to the ethyl benzene concentration in blood.
Cappaert
Natalie L M
NL
Hearing Research Laboratories, Room G.02.531, University Medical Center, Heidelberglaan 100, NL-3584 CX, Utrecht, The Netherlands. n.l.m.cappaert@kmb.azu.nl
Klis
Sjaak F L
SF
Muijser
Hans
H
Kulig
Beverly M
BM
Ravensberg
Luco C
LC
Smoorenburg
Guido F
GF
D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000818:Animals; D001300:Audiometry, Evoked Response; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003051:Cochlea / Q000473:pathology*; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D013045:Species Specificity
D001555:Benzene Derivatives; C004912:ethylbenzene