Scoring system for estimating age in the foot skeleton.
This study assesses chronological age of immature individuals from the degree of ossification evident in the foot skeleton. We considered all tarsal and ray bones in various combinations to determine the most sensitive indicators of chronological age. Skeletal maturity was rated according to a subjective but simple scoring system applied to radiographs of normal feet of children of known chronological age. Scales for assessing the primary center of ossification, secondary center of ossification, and state of fusion are defined. In general, as expected, females show earlier onset of skeletal maturity than males; in particular, females in our sample are skeletally mature in most elements beginning 48 months prior to the earliest incidence of skeletal maturity in males for the same bones. Females in our sample show a marked tendency toward skeletal maturity of all elements by 150 months of age, while males do not show the same tendency until approximately 200 months of age. In general within each sex, consecutive states of fusion show broad overlap in range of chronological age within each bone. Combining scores from several different bones enables a reasonable estimate of potential age in a test application of the model.
Division of Podiatric Medical/Surgical Services, Department of Surgery, Western Pennsylvania Hospital, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15224, USA.
Jeffrey M
JM
Whitaker
Leslie
L
Rousseau
Trevor
T
Williams
Reed A
RA
Rowan
Walter Carl
WC
Hartwig
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000365:Age Determination by Skeleton / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis