Rac GTPase activity is essential for lipopolysaccharide signaling to extracellular signal-regulated kinase and p38 MAP kinase activation in rat-2 fibroblasts.
Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) has potent proinflammatory properties by acting on many cell types. Recently, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), p38 kinase, and c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) were shown to be involved in signal transduction in response to LPS. However, the detailed mechanism of LPS-induced signaling in the cell, especially the role of the Rho family GTPases remains largely unknown. In the present study, we investigated the role of Rac1, a member of the Rho family GTPases, in the LPS-induced MAPKs activation in Rat-2 fibroblasts. Our results showed that LPS induced the activation of ERK and p38 MAP kinase in a Rac-dependent manner, suggesting a mediatory role of Rac1 in LPS signaling to MAPKs stimulation. We also observed that LPS caused a time-dependent activation of Rac1. In addition, our results have shown that pretreatment with herbimycin or wortmannin dramatically inhibited Rac1 activation induced by LPS. These suggest that tyrosine kinase(s) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) are possibly acting upstream of Rac1 in the LPS signaling to MAPKs.
Woo
Chang-Hoon
CH
Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul.
Kim
Jae-Hong
JH
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020830:rac1 GTP-Binding Protein