Mechanisms of desflurane-induced preconditioning in isolated human right atria in vitro.
BACKGROUND
The authors examined the role of adenosine triphosphate-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels, adenosine A1 receptor, and alpha and beta adrenoceptors in desflurane-induced preconditioning in human myocardium, in vitro.


METHODS
The authors recorded isometric contraction of human right atrial trabeculae suspended in oxygenated Tyrode's solution (34 degrees C; stimulation frequency, 1 Hz). Before a 30-min anoxic period, 3, 6, and 9% desflurane was administered during 15 min. Desflurane, 6%, was also administered in the presence of 10 microm glibenclamide, a K(ATP) channels antagonist; 10 microm HMR 1098, a sarcolemmal K(ATP) channel antagonist; 800 microm 5-hydroxy-decanoate (5-HD), a mitochondrial K(ATP) channel antagonist; 1 microm phentolamine, an alpha-adrenoceptor antagonist; 1 microm propranolol, a beta-adrenoceptor antagonist; and 100 nm 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dipropylxanthine (DPX), the adenosine A1 receptor antagonist. Developed force at the end of a 60-min reoxygenation period was compared (mean +/- SD).


RESULTS
Desflurane at 3% (95 +/- 13% of baseline), 6% (86 +/- 6% of baseline), and 9% (82 +/- 6% of baseline) enhanced the recovery of force after 60 min of reoxygenation as compared with the control group (50 +/- 11% of baseline). Glibenclamide (60 +/- 12% of baseline), 5-HD (57 +/- 21% of baseline), DPX (63 +/- 19% of baseline), phentolamine (56 +/- 20% of baseline), and propranolol (63 +/- 13% of baseline) abolished desflurane-induced preconditioning. In contrast, HMR 1098 (85 +/- 12% of baseline) did not modify desflurane-induced preconditioning.


CONCLUSIONS
In vitro, desflurane preconditions human myocardium against simulated ischemia through activation of mitochondrial K(ATP) channels, adenosine A1 receptor, and alpha and beta adrenoceptors.
Department of Anesthesiology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Caen, France. hanouz-jl@chu-caen.fr
Jean-Luc
JL
Hanouz
Alexandra
A
Yvon
Massimo
M
Massetti
Olivier
O
Lepage
Gérard
G
Babatasi
André
A
Khayat
Henri
H
Bricard
Jean-Louis
JL
Gérard
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077335:Desflurane; D005905:Glyburide / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha / Q000187:drug effects; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000187:drug effects
D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011942:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D005905:Glyburide