Prevalence, isolation, and partial sequence analysis of hepatitis E virus from domestic animals in China.
Evidence that hepatitis E is zoonotic is accumulating. Serum samples were collected from pigs, cattle, and goats from various regions of China to determine whether they had been infected with hepatitis E virus (HEV). An in-house enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with primers from open reading frame (ORF) 2 were used to detect anti-HEV antibodies and HEV RNA. The mean positivity rates of anti-HEV antibody for pigs and cattle were 78.8% and 6.3% but none of the goat sera were positive. Pigs may be more susceptible to infection with HEV than cattle or goats. Five of 263 pig sera were positive for HEV RNA and four of these five were also positive for anti-HEV. The PCR products (nt 6007-6354) were cloned and sequenced and compared to other HEV sequences in the nucleotide databases. The five sequences shared 83-93% identity to each other at the nucleotide level and 74-79%, 73-74%, 73-78%, and 83-99% identity to HEV genotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. They were closely related to human isolates of HEV genotype 4. Phylogenetic analyses also place these swine sequences in HEV genotype 4, resembling most closely viruses isolated from Chinese patients with acute hepatitis. These data support the hypothesis that sporadic hepatitis E in China is zoonotic.
Wang
You-Chun
YC
National Institute for the Control of Pharmaceuticals and Biological Products, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
Zhang
Hua-Yuan
HY
Xia
Ning-Shao
NS
Peng
Geng
G
Lan
Hai-Yun
HY
Zhuang
Hui
H
Zhu
Yong-Hong
YH
Li
Shao-Wei
SW
Tian
Ke-Gong
KG
Gu
Wen-Jie
WJ
Lin
Jing-Xiang
JX
Wu
Xing
X
Li
He-Min
HM
Harrison
Tim J
TJ
D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D002417:Cattle; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D006041:Goats / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D016751:Hepatitis E / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology*; D016752:Hepatitis E virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000821:virology; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013552:Swine / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*
D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D012367:RNA, Viral