Interspecies implantation and mitochondria fate of panda-rabbit cloned embryos.
Somatic cell nuclei of giant pandas can dedifferentiate in enucleated rabbit ooplasm, and the reconstructed eggs can develop to blastocysts. In order to observe whether these interspecies cloned embryos can implant in the uterus of an animal other than the panda, we transferred approximately 2300 panda-rabbit cloned embryos into 100 synchronized rabbit recipients, and none became pregnant. In another approach, we cotransferred both panda-rabbit and cat-rabbit interspecies cloned embryos into the oviducts of 21 cat recipients. Fourteen recipients exhibited estrus within 35 days; five recipients exhibited estrus 43-48 days after embryo transfer; and the other two recipients died of pneumonia, one of which was found to be pregnant with six early fetuses when an autopsy was performed. Microsatellite DNA analysis of these early fetuses confirmed that two were from giant panda-rabbit cloned embryos. The results demonstrated that panda-rabbit cloned embryos can implant in the uterus of a third species, the domestic cat. By using mitochondrial-specific probes of panda and rabbit, we found that mitochondria from both panda somatic cells and rabbit ooplasm coexisted in early blastocysts, but mitochondria from rabbit ooplasm decreased, and those from panda donor cells dominated in early fetuses after implantation. Our results reveal that mitochondria from donor cells may substitute those from recipient oocytes in postimplanted, interspecies cloned embryos.
Chen
Da-Yuan
DY
State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 Zhongguancun Road, Haidian, Beijing 100080, China. chendy@panda.ioz.ac.cn
Wen
Duan-Cheng
DC
Zhang
Ya-Ping
YP
Sun
Qing-Yuan
QY
Han
Zhi-Ming
ZM
Liu
Zhong-Hua
ZH
Shi
Peng
P
Li
Jin-Song
JS
Xiangyu
Jing-Gong
JG
Lian
Li
L
Kou
Zhao-Hui
ZH
Wu
Yu-Qi
YQ
Chen
Yu-Cun
YC
Wang
Peng-Yan
PY
Zhang
He-Min
HM
D000009:Abdominal Muscles / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002415:Cats; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000379:methods*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000378:metabolism; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011247:Pregnancy; D011817:Rabbits; D001503:Ursidae / Q000502:physiology*
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial