ACE gene polymorphism and disease progression of IgA nephropathy in Asians in Singapore.
The deletion polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been considered as a risk factor for IgA nephropathy and for its progression to end-stage renal failure. However, results from various studies are conflicting. We had genotyped the ACE gene in 100 patients with IgA nephropathy, 32 of whom were in end-stage renal failure and in 90 normal adult subjects. All DD cases were subjected to confirmation with a second PCR, performed with the insert-specific forward primer. Similar genotype frequencies were obtained for the 90 normal control subjects (II: 47%, ID: 44%, DD: 9%); for the 68 patients not in end-stage renal failure (ESRF) (II: 47%, ID: 46%, DD: 7%) and for the 32 patients with ESRF (II: 53%, ID: 38%, DD: 9%). The genotype frequencies in all 3 series are in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. These results suggest that ACE gene polymorphism is not a risk factor for IgA nephropathy and is not a predictor for its progression. Definitive proof of association between ACE gene polymorphism and progression in IgA nephropathy will require a prospective study, controlled for important risk factors, with adequate patient numbers and facility for confirming DD genotypes.
Department of Renal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608, Singapore. grmlyk@sgh.com.sg
Y K
YK
Lau
K T
KT
Woo
H L
HL
Choong
Y
Y
Zhao
H B
HB
Tan
W
W
Cheung
H K
HK
Yap
D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012846:Singapore
D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A