Biomaterial adherent macrophage apoptosis is increased by hydrophilic and anionic substrates in vivo.
An in vivo rat cage implant system was used to identify potential surface chemistries that prevent failure of implanted biomedical devices and prostheses by limiting monocyte adhesion and macrophage fusion into foreign-body giant cells while inducing adherent-macrophage apoptosis. Hydrophobic, hydrophilic, anionic, and cationic surfaces were used for implantation. Analysis of the exudate surrounding the materials revealed no differences between surfaces in the types or levels of cells present. Conversely, the proportion of adherent cells undergoing apoptosis was increased significantly on anionic and hydrophilic surfaces (46 +/- 3.7 and 57 +/- 5.0%, respectively) when compared with the polyethylene terephthalate base surface. Additionally, hydrophilic and anionic substrates provided decreased rates of monocyte/macrophage adhesion and fusion. These studies demonstrate that biomaterial-adherent cells undergo material-dependent apoptosis in vivo, rendering potentially harmful macrophages nonfunctional while the surrounding environment of the implant remains unaffected.
Department of Pathology and Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44139, USA. wgb2@po.cwru.edu
William G
WG
Brodbeck
Jasmine
J
Patel
Gabriela
G
Voskerician
Elizabeth
E
Christenson
Matthew S
MS
Shive
Yasuhide
Y
Nakayama
Takehisa
T
Matsuda
Nicholas P
NP
Ziats
James M
JM
Anderson
D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions; D017209:Apoptosis; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D000838:Anions; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible