Identification of putative mammalian D-lactate dehydrogenase enzymes.
Mammalian L-isomer dehydrogenases represent an expansive and well characterized class of metabolic enzymes. Surprisingly, little is known regarding their evolutionarily distinct counterparts, D-isomer dehydrogenases, since few mammalian D-isomer 2-hydroxy acid enzymes have been isolated. Here we present the identification and initial characterization of putative human and murine D-lactate dehydrogenases (DLD) that can interact with the muscle-specific cysteine-rich protein CRP3/MLP. Sequence analysis reveals that the human and mouse transcripts encode novel proteins that display strong similarities to the yeast D-lactate dehydrogenase proteins DLD1, AIP2, and YEL071W. Expression analysis of the mammalian proteins indicates widespread distribution with transcripts present in striated muscle tissues and a variety of other tissue types. Immunofluorescence subcellular localization of the mouse DLD protein indicates that it resides within mitochondria, a feature shared by many dehydrogenases. The identification of the human and mouse DLD clones provides new insight regarding the activity of D-isomer-specific enzymes in mammalian cells.
Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1392, USA.
Matthew J
MJ
Flick
Stephen F
SF
Konieczny
D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D019992:Databases as Topic; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D015723:Gene Library; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D045022:Lactate Dehydrogenases; D051379:Mice; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012313:RNA; D045022:Lactate Dehydrogenases; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; C071195:D-lactate dehydrogenase; D003545:Cysteine