Enteric administration of a live attenuated measles vaccine does not induce protective immunity in a macaque model.
To test the option of oral vaccination with a live attenuated measles vaccine (LAV), we have evaluated the potential of an orally administered enteric-coated tablet containing a candidate LAV (strain Leningrad-16, MV-L16). To this end three groups of two cynomolgus macaques each were vaccinated via different routes with 10(3.8) TCID(50) MV-L16 vaccine: intramuscularly (i.m.), intraintestinally (i.i.) upon laparotomy and via enteric-coated tablets. Upon vaccination, MV-L16 could only be isolated from one of the i.m.-vaccinated monkeys and not from any of the other five. Both the i.m.-infected monkeys and one of the i.i.-infected monkeys developed a MV-specific serum antibody response. Also, MV-specific CD8(+) IFN gamma-producing T cells could be demonstrated in all three monkeys that had seroconverted. Upon challenge with wild-type MV 1 year after vaccination, only these three monkeys proved to be protected. These data do not support the viability of the concept of oral vaccination with LAVs.
Institute of Virology, Erasmus University Rotterdam, P.O. Box 1738, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Koert J
KJ
Stittelaar
Rik L
RL
de Swart
Helma W
HW
Vos
Geert
G
van Amerongen
Alexander P
AP
Agafonov
Elena A
EA
Nechaeva
Albert D M E
AD
Osterhaus
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D007267:Injections; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007421:Intestine, Small; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008459:Measles virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D013608:Tablets, Enteric-Coated; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated