title: New indications for botulinum toxin type a in cosmetics: mouth and neck.
abstract: Botulinum toxin type A is frequently used to smooth hyperkinetic lines in the periocular and forehead areas of the upper face, but it has been used less frequently for indications in the lower face and neck. This study was designed to determine whether botulinum toxin treatment of the mouth and neck areas is as clinically successful as the treatment of the upper face. This was a retrospective study of patients who were treated with botulinum toxin type A (Botox) to soften hyperkinetic facial wrinkles. Of 100 patients randomly selected from a single clinical practice, 91 met the inclusion criteria and were divided into two groups for analysis. The 56 patients in group 1 did not receive treatment in the mouth and neck areas, whereas the 35 patients in group 2 were treated at least once in the mouth and neck areas. Patients were surveyed for periods ranging from 7 to 49 months. Most patients in each group had a single botulinum procedure during this period. Both groups of patients had comparable improvement of wrinkles both at the evaluation immediately after the neuromuscular blockade and during follow-up. In comparison with patients whose treatment was confined to the upper face, patients who received global treatment with botulinum toxin type A, including injections in the mouth and neck areas, were injected in more sites per procedure and had more procedures in combination with other therapies. Patient satisfaction with botulinum toxin treatment and outcomes was high in both groups. Botulinum toxin type A is an important tool within the therapeutic spectrum for the treatment of hyperkinetic facial wrinkles, including those in the areas of the mouth and neck.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. matildesposito@nox.net
authors.forename: M Matilde M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Spósito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth; D009122:Muscle Hypertonia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009333:Neck; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*; D013518:Surgery, Plastic
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A