title: Glucose uptake and perfusion in subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue during insulin stimulation in nonobese and obese humans.
abstract: To elucidate the role of adipose tissue glucose uptake in whole-body metabolism, sc and visceral adipose tissue glucose uptake and perfusion were measured in 10 nonobese and 10 age-matched obese men with positron emission tomography using [(18)F]-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose, and [(15)O]-labeled water during normoglycemic hyperinsulinemia. Whole-body and skeletal muscle glucose uptake rates per kilogram were lower in obese than in nonobese subjects (P < 0.01). Compared with nonobese, the obese subjects had 67% lower abdominal sc and 58% lower visceral adipose tissue glucose uptake per kilogram of fat. In both groups, insulin stimulated glucose uptake per kilogram fat was significantly higher in visceral fat depots than in sc regions (P < 0.01). Both sc and visceral adipose tissue blood flow expressed per kilogram and minute was impaired in the obese subjects, compared with the nonobese (P < 0.05). Fat masses measured with magnetic resonance images were higher in obese than in nonobese individuals. If regional glucose uptake rates were expressed as per total fat mass, total glucose uptake rates per depot were similar in obese and nonobese subjects and represented 4.1% of whole-body glucose uptake in obese and 2.6% in nonobese subjects (P < 0.02 between the groups). In conclusion, insulin-stimulated glucose uptake per kilogram fat is higher in visceral than in sc adipose tissue. Glucose uptake and blood flow in adipose tissue exhibit insulin resistance in obesity, but because of the larger fat mass, adipose tissue does not seem to contribute substantially to the reduced insulin stimulated whole-body glucose uptake in obesity.
authors.affiliation: Turku PET Centre, University of Turku, Turku University Central Hospital, Turku 20521, Finland.
authors.forename: Kirsi A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Virtanen
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lönnroth
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parkkola
authors.forename: Pauliina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peltoniemi
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asola
authors.forename: Tapio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Viljanen
authors.forename: Tuula
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tolvanen
authors.forename: Juhani
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knuuti
authors.forename: Tapani
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rönnemaa
authors.forename: Risto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Huupponen
authors.forename: Pirjo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nuutila
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009765:Obesity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012867:Skin; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose