title: Gene expression profiling of ameloblastoma and human tooth germ by means of a cDNA microarray.
abstract: The molecular and genetic characteristics of ameloblastoma are still poorly understood. We analyzed gene expression in fresh-frozen ameloblastomas and human fetal tooth germs, using a cDNA microarray. Thirty-four genes exhibited significant changes in expression levels in the ameloblastoma. Eleven genes were overexpressed more than three-fold, and 23 genes were underexpressed to below 0.4 of the control level. The oncogene FOS was the most overexpressed gene (from eight- to 14-fold), followed by tumor-necrosis-factor-receptor 1 (TNFRSF1A). Genes for sonic hedgehog (SHH), TNF-receptor-associated-factor 3 (TRAF3), rhoGTP-ase-activating protein 4 (ARHGAP4), deleted in colorectal carcinoma (DCC), cadherins 12 and 13 (CDH12 and 13), teratocarcinoma-derived growth-factor-1 (TDGF1), and transforming growth-factor-beta1 (TGFB1) were underexpressed in all tumors. In selected genes, a comparison between cDNA microarray and real-time RT-PCR confirmed similar relative gene expression changes. The gene expression profile identifies candidate genes that may be involved in the origination of ameloblastoma and several genes previously unidentified in relation to human tooth development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, FIN-20520 Turku, Finland. heikinhe@netlife.fi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heikinheimo
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Jee
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niini
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aalto
authors.forename: R-P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Happonen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leivo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Knuutila
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000564:Ameloblastoma / Q000235:genetics*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics; D004627:Embryonic Induction / Q000235:genetics; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D016762:Genes, fos / Q000235:genetics; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009805:Odontogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000235:genetics; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D012044:Regression Analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D048008:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3; D014083:Tooth Germ / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016335:Zinc Fingers / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C446101:ARHGAP4 protein, human; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015820:Cadherins; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D020690:GTPase-Activating Proteins; D006133:Growth Substances; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; C509239:SHH protein, human; C070636:TDGF1 protein, human; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D048008:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 3; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor