title: Antimicrobial resistance among enterococci from pigs in three European countries.
abstract: Enterococci from pigs in Denmark, Spain, and Sweden were examined for susceptibility to antimicrobial agents and copper and the presence of selected resistance genes. The greatest levels of resistance were found among isolates from Spain and Denmark compared to those from Sweden, which corresponds to the amounts of antimicrobial agents used in food animal production in those countries. Similar genes were found to encode resistance in the different countries, but the tet(L) and tet(S) genes were more frequently found among isolates from Spain. A recently identified transferable copper resistance gene was found in all copper-resistant isolates from the different countries.
authors.affiliation: Danish Veterinary Institute, DK-1790 Copenhagen V, Denmark. faa@vetinst.dk
authors.forename: Frank Møller
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Aarestrup
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hasman
authors.forename: Lars Bogø
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Inmaculada A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.forename: Lucas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Domínguez
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Finn
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franklin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology; D003718:Denmark; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D016984:Enterococcus faecium / Q000187:drug effects*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013030:Spain; D013548:Sweden; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003300:Copper