title: How long should the lithium augmentation strategy be maintained? A 1-year follow-up of a placebo-controlled study in unipolar refractory major depression.
abstract: There is compelling evidence from placebo-controlled studies that lithium augmentation is an effective strategy in the acute and continuation treatment of refractory unipolar major depression. Authors prospectively investigated the 1-year outcome of 22 subjects diagnosed with unipolar major depression who had participated in a 4-month placebo-controlled, double-blind continuation study of lithium augmentation without relapse. At the end of the double-blind phase, the blinded medication (lithium in 14 patients, placebo in 8 patients) was tapered off over a 1-week period, while the antidepressant was continued at the same dosage for another 4 weeks. Subsequently, the antidepressant was gradually discontinued over a 4-week period. Clinical status was assessed at regular follow-up visits. During the open 6-month follow-up period, seven subjects suffered an affective recurrence, five of whom had received lithium during the placebo-controlled, double-blind phase of the study. Study data suggest that active medication should be maintained for at least 1 year after successful lithium augmentation in patients with unipolar major depressive disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bschor
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berghöfer
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ströhle
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kunz
authors.forename: Mazda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adli
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Müller-Oerlinghausen
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000639:Amitriptyline / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018021:Lithium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D018692:Antimanic Agents; D000639:Amitriptyline; D018021:Lithium Chloride