title: Elevation of ELISA d-dimer levels in patients with primary pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vasoconstriction, vascular wall remodeling and thrombosis are considered as possible etiologies of primary pulmonary hypertension (PPH). D-dimer, a degradation product of fibrin, has been increasingly used as a marker and prognostic factor in various diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess elevated ELISA D-dimer levels as a marker of endogenous fibrinolysis in patients with PPH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison of ELISA D-dimer levels of 12 PPH patients (11 female, 1 male) aged 27-73 years (median 51 years) with those of sex- and age-matched healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven patients had New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV symptoms, and one patient had NYHA class II symptoms. All patients with PPH were treated with anticoagulants and vasodilators: 5 patients were treated with continuous intravenous prostacyclin, 4 patients with continuous UT-15 and 2 patients with intermittent intravenous iloprost. Mean ELISA D-dimer levels +/- SD were significantly higher in the PPH group than in the matched control group (473 +/- 109 vs. 182 +/- 103 ng/ml; mean difference: 291 +/- 79, 95% CI: 240-341, p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest the possible involvement of endogenous fibrinolysis in the pathophysiology of PPH.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Institute, Rabin Medical Center and Sackler School of Medicine/TelAviv, Beilinson Campus, Petach Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shitrit
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bendayan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rudensky
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Izbicki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huerta
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kramer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis*; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; C036309:fibrin fragment D