Patterns of emotion-specific appraisal, coping, and cardiovascular reactivity during an ongoing emotional episode.
The authors examined emotion-specific patterns of appraisal, coping, and cardiovascular reactivity during real ongoing emotional episodes. In this study, 109 participants performed a neutral opinion-expression task, where a confederate elicited anger, shame, or pride using verbal and nonverbal behavior. The authors assessed cognitive appraisals, emotional reactions, coping, outcomes (state self-esteem and outcome satisfaction), and cardiovascular reactivity. Results indicated substantial and theoretically consistent differences between the 3 emotions (and differences from a nonemotion condition) for cognitive appraisals, self-reported coping, behavioral coping, self-esteem, and cardiovascular reactivity. The results are discussed in relation to their implications for emotion theory and for psychological and physical health. Overall, the results suggest that researchers can study emotion-related issues using authentic emotional reactions.
Herrald
Mary M
MM
Department of Psychology, University of Texas at El Paso, 79902, USA.
Tomaka
Joe
J
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000786:Anger; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D012752:Shame; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D013781:Texas