title: Geographic variations in garenoxacin (BMS284756) activity tested against pathogens associated with skin and soft tissue infections: report from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program (2000).
abstract: The antimicrobial activity of garenoxacin, a des-(6)F quinolone (formally BMS284756 and T-3811), was evaluated against 2,537 skin and soft tissue infection (SSTI) isolates from the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program. Strains isolated in 2000 from Europe, North and Latin America were tested at a central laboratory using reference broth microdilution methods. The rank order of the seven most frequent SSTI pathogens was: Staphylococcus aureus (39.9%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (12.1%), Escherichia coli (9.7%), Enterococcus spp. (7.7%), Klebsiella spp. (5.8%), Enterobacter spp. (5.6%) and coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS; 4.2%). Garenoxacin exhibited a four-fold greater activity (MIC(90), 0.06 microg/ml) compared to levofloxacin (MIC(90), 0.25 microg/ml) against oxacillin-susceptible S. aureus; and oxacillin-resistant staphylococci were more susceptible to garenoxacin (>/=90.5%) at </=4 microg/ml than ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin. Enterococcus spp. were more susceptible to garenoxacin and gatifloxacin (MIC(50), 0.5 microg/ml) than ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin (MIC(50), 2 microg/ml). All tested quinolones inhibited 64.7 to 69.7% of P. aeruginosa isolates, and the rank order of potency slightly favored ciprofloxacin (MIC(50), </=0.25 microg/ml). Similar susceptibility rates for the four quinolones were observed against E. coli (85.8-87.0%), Enterobacter spp. (90.8-94.3%) and Klebsiella spp. (89.8-95.2%) with the greatest levels of resistance recorded in Latin America for E. coli and Enterobacter spp. The occurrence of extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing isolates (predominantly K. pneumoniae) was documented in all three monitored regions (Latin America > Europe > North America). Continued development of garenoxacin as a treatment of pathogens that commonly cause SSTIs appears to be warranted.
authors.affiliation: The JONES Group/JMI Laboratories, North Liberty, Iowa, USA.
authors.forename: Jeffrey T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kirby
authors.forename: Alan H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mutnick
authors.forename: Ronald N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Douglas J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Biedenbach
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pfaller
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles; D007843:Latin America / Q000453:epidemiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015363:Quinolones; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology*; D018461:Soft Tissue Infections / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D007211:Indoles; D015363:Quinolones; C419689:garenoxacin