Concentrated preoperative radiotherapy for resectable gastric cancer: 20-years follow-up of a randomized trial.
OBJECTIVE
The role of radiation therapy in resectable gastric cancer is questionable. To study the value of concentrated preoperative radiotherapy, a randomized clinical trial had been carried out.


METHODS
From 1974 to 1978, 152 patients were randomized and underwent exploratory laparotomy; in 50 patients curative surgery was not possible, while 102 patients satisfied protocol requirements and entered in the trial. Patients in the experimental group were treated with preoperative radiotherapy (20 Gy/5 days) and subtotal or total gastrectomy. Patients in the control group underwent surgery alone.


RESULTS
Study showed acceptable tolerance of radiotherapy regime with no increase of postoperative mortality and morbidity. There was no significant difference in survival between the two treatment groups (chi 2 = 0.349, df = 1, P = 0.555). Subset analysis also failed to demonstrate significant survival advantages of the combined treatment; however, some positive trends were seen in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer.


CONCLUSIONS
Concentrated preoperative radiotherapy in the dose of 20 Gy is safe and feasible, but seems to be insufficient to improve survival in gastric cancer patients. However, the results are promising in selected subgroups of patients, which encourages future trials with adjuvant radiation therapy.
Skoropad
Vitali
V
Department of Surgical and Combined Treatment of Abdominal Tumors, Medical Radiological Research Center of Russian Academy of Medical Sciences (MRRC RAMS), Obninsk, Russia.
Berdov
Boris
B
Zagrebin
Vasili
V
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000401:mortality; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D015996:Survival Rate