title: Higher LDL oxidation at rest and after a rugby game in weekend warriors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Weekend warriors (WW), people who only exercise vigorously once a week, are a fast-growing population. The present study investigates LDL oxidation and activities of antioxidant enzymes in WW (n = 6) at rest and after a rugby game. The results are compared with those of sedentary controls (CON, n = 10) and trained rugby players (TR, n = 15).
  
  
  METHODS
  LDL + VLDL conjugated dienes (CD) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as well as erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities were analyzed in WW and TR groups before and after a rugby game.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The WW showed higher LDL+VLDL CD and TBARS levels than TR and CON groups at rest (p < 0.05). LDL+VLDL CD and TBARS were also significantly higher in the WW group than in the TR group after exercise (p < 0.05). Both WW and TR groups showed significant exercise-induced elevations in LDL+VLDL TBARS (p < 0.05), with the WW having higher degrees of increase (15.8 +/- 7.9 vs. 6.3 +/- 9.0%, WW group vs. TR group; p < 0.05). Erythrocyte SOD and GPx activities at rest were similar in all three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that WW may have a higher LDL oxidation than TR and CON persons at rest and higher exercise-induced LDL oxidation levels than TR athletes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Health Science, Fooyin Institute of Technology, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. changck@taiwan.com
authors.forename: Chen-Kang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Hung-Fu
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: Yan-Der
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Hsuuw
authors.forename: Wen-Hsiung
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Lan-Chi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Shieh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D005538:Football / Q000502:physiology*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase