title: Commercial sex workers in Kathmandu Valley: profile and prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases.
abstract: This paper presents a socioeconomic profile and the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), among 341 female commercial sex workers (CSWs) in Kathmandu Valley.  Most of the CSWs are from outside the valley, but from within Nepal.  Over 50% of the CSWs have a secondary or higher level of education.  The average age of the CSWs is 21 years.  The average age of first sexual intercourse was 16 years; and, at entering the sex trade, 18 years.  The most frequently reported type of sexual activity is vaginal intercourse followed by anal intercourse.  Although a large proportion of CSWs are aware of condoms, only one-fifth of them reported using condoms most of the time they had intercourse.  The majority of the CSWs are aware of general types of STDs.  Slightly over 60% are aware of AIDS, and the majority of them know of at least one mode of AIDS transmission.  Gynecological examination based on symptoms revealed that 72% of the CSWs were infected with some type of STD.  About 47% had vaginal discharges, 36% had pelvic inflammatory disease, 24% had ulcerative disease, and 4% had urethritis.  Blood tests of the CSWs revealed that 28% had VDRL (a test for syphilis), hepatitis B, or HIV.  The prevalence of VDRL was the most common, followed by hepatitis B.  Of the 341 CSWs, 3 (0.9%) were HIV-positive.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhatta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thapa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Neupane
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D001208:Asia; D001519:Behavior; D003906:Developing Countries; D004194:Disease; D015658:HIV Infections; D007239:Infections; D009390:Nepal; D015995:Prevalence; D012106:Research; D012107:Research Design; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases; D014777:Virus Diseases
keywords: Asia; Behavior; Developing Countries; Diseases; Hiv Infections; Infections; Measurement; Nepal; Prevalence; Prostitutes--women; Reproductive Tract Infections; Research Methodology; Sex Behavior; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Southern Asia; Viral Diseases