title: Osteopontin expression in chronic pancreatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is frequently associated with stone formation within the pancreatic duct system. The mechanism of pancreatic stone formation, however, is still unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Osteopontin expression is related to urinary stone formation and several diseases associated with calcification such as atherosclerosis, breast cancer, and meningioma. We therefore hypothesized and studied whether that osteopontin may contribute to the formation of calculi in CP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with CP who underwent elective surgery were included in the study. As controls, normal pancreas specimens were collected from five additional patients. We used reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and reverse transcription in situ polymerase chain reaction to evaluate osteopontin mRNA expression and immunohistochemical staining to evaluate osteopontin-producing cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No expression of osteopontin was seen in normal pancreas cells. Osteopontin expression was detected in acinar or ductal cells in all 11 cases of chronic calcifying pancreatitis, whereas in 5 of 9 CP cases without pancreatic stones there was no expression of osteopontin in acinar or ductal cells. The data revealed a high incidence of osteopontin expression in chronic calcifying pancreatitis in comparison with its expression in CP without stones (p = 0.0081). Osteopontin mRNA expression was observed in chronic calcifying pancreatitis samples but not in normal pancreas tissues. Signals corresponding to osteopontin mRNA were observed in the cytoplasm of ductal cells and macrophages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide the first evidence that osteopontin may play an important role in stone formation in CP. Better understanding of the pancreatic stone formation process may lead to an effective therapeutic approach to the inhibition of pancreatic calcification associated with CP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.forename: Shigeto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawauchi
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gondo
authors.forename: Tomio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tangoku
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002137:Calculi / Q000473:pathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053495:Osteopontin; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; C506895:SPP1 protein, human; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D053495:Osteopontin