title: Ultrastructural localization of the herpes simplex virus type 1 UL31, UL34, and US3 proteins suggests specific roles in primary envelopment and egress of nucleocapsids.
abstract: The wild-type UL31, UL34, and US3 proteins localized on nuclear membranes and perinuclear virions; the US3 protein was also on cytoplasmic membranes and extranuclear virions. The UL31 and UL34 proteins were not detected in extracellular virions. US3 deletion caused (i) virion accumulation in nuclear membrane invaginations, (ii) delayed virus production onset, and (iii) reduced peak virus titers. These data support the herpes simplex virus type 1 deenvelopment-reenvelopment model of virion egress and suggest that the US3 protein plays an important, but nonessential, role in the egress pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Ashley E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Elizabeth G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Wills
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Roller
authors.forename: Brent J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ryckman
authors.forename: Joel D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Baines
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019251:Nucleocapsid / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014709:Vero Cells / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014771:Virion / Q000378:metabolism; D019065:Virus Assembly
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C108721:UL31 protein, Human herpesvirus 1; C403420:UL34 protein, Human herpesvirus 1; D014764:Viral Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C095207:US3 protein, Human herpesvirus 1