title: Retinal findings in children with intracranial hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the incidence of Terson's syndrome in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, observational case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-seven consecutive children with known intracranial hemorrhage from nonabuse causes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dilated fundus examination to detect intraretinal hemorrhages or other abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Presence or absence of intraretinal hemorrhages or other abnormalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-five patients (96%) had no evidence of intraretinal or vitreous hemorrhage. Two patients had abnormal retinal examinations. One patient had a single dot hemorrhage associated with presumed infectious white retinal lesions. The second patient had three flame and two deeper dot intraretinal hemorrhages after a motor vehicle accident (1.5% incidence of retinal hemorrhage).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retinal hemorrhage is uncommon in children with intracranial hemorrhage not resulting from shaken baby syndrome. The maximal incidence of intraretinal hemorrhage in children with nonabuse intracranial hemorrhage is 8%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schloff
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Mullaney
authors.forename: Derek C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Simantirakis
authors.forename: Robin P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Myseros
authors.forename: J Raymond
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Buncic
authors.forename: Alex V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012166:Retinal Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D013577:Syndrome; D014823:Vitreous Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology