title: Intensive lifestyle intervention combined with the choice of pharmacotherapy improves weight loss and cardiac risk factors in the obese.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity is on the increase yet within the National Health Service (NHS) treatment approaches differ greatly and service is patchy. Our aim was to compare current practice within a general dietetic clinic with a new clinic developed specifically for patients of higher morbidity risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Locally referred patients to the dietitians from within or without Hammersmith Hospitals NHS Trust of higher morbidity risk were invited to attend a new Lifestyle Clinic. Treatment was of a contractual nature and included more time with the dietitian, the offer of pharmacotherapy if appropriate and an emphasis on achieving a realistic weight loss of 10% within a 6-month period. Cognitive behavioural strategies were utilized focusing on achieving changes in dietary intake and physical activity levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 103 patients have been enrolled of whom 34 have been discharged before completion of the clinic programme. Twenty-six patients have completed (18 started pharmocotherapy with Orlistat and eight remained on lifestyle advice only), with the remainder still attending the Lifestyle Clinic. The results for these 26 patients demonstrate clinically significant benefits with regard to exercise tolerance 390.8 +/- 37.5 m vs. 473 +/- 46.6 m (P < 0.001), waist measurement 121.5 +/- 4.4 cm vs. 110.9 +/- 3.6 cm (P < 0.001), and total cholesterol : HDL ratio 1.17 +/- 0.05 mmol L-1 vs. 1.27 +/- 0.07 mmol L-1 (P < 0.05). A weight loss comparison with historical data collected in the general dietetic clinic achieves a 7.8 +/- 0.7 kg reduction in weight (with pharmocotherapy 8.96 +/- 0.98 kg, with lifestyle only 5.23 +/- 0.657) vs. 1.7 +/- 0.4 kg (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lifestyle clinics facilitate beneficial lifestyle changes which impact positively on morbidity risk factors demonstrating an improvement on current service offered within the NHS. There is an obvious resource implication of offering an intensive management package. There is need for a randomized control trial with analysis to evaluate whether there is cost benefit from this type of intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London, UK. g.frost@ic.ac.uk
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frost
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bovill-Taylor
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stuttard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dornhorst
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001824:Body Constitution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D000077403:Orlistat; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D007783:Lactones; D000077403:Orlistat