title: Age-related underutilization of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors in older hospitalized heart failure patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The extent to which age plays a role in the underutilization of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors in heart failure patients has not been well studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied age-related variation in the use of ACE inhibitors in older Medicare beneficiaries discharged alive in Alabama with a diagnosis of heart failure with left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 285 patients had a mean age +/- SD of 78 +/- 6.9 years; 59% were female and 21% were African American. Of the 285 patients, 181 (63%) were prescribed ACE inhibitors at discharge. Therapy with ACE inhibitors was initiated in 47% of the patients. Compared with patients 65 to 74 years, those 85 years and older had lower odds of receiving ACE inhibitors at discharge. Among patients not admitted on an ACE inhibitor, those 85 years and older also had lower odds of ACE inhibitor therapy being initiated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall rate of ACE inhibitor use was low, and age of 85 years and older was independently associated with lower use and initiation of ACE inhibitors. Opportunities remain to increase the use of ACE inhibitors in older patients with heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Center for Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Allman
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: DeLong
authors.forename: Eric V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Bodner
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Howard
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000407:Alabama; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002216:Captopril / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002303:Cardiac Output, Low / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002309:Cardiology; D004363:Drug Utilization; D004656:Enalapril / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D004656:Enalapril; D002216:Captopril