title: Modulating signaling events in smooth muscle: cleavage of annexin 2 abolishes its binding to lipid rafts.
abstract: Cell membrane compartmentalization, which is believed to involve association of cholesterol- and glycosphingolipid-enriched membrane rafts, represents an important means of transmitting information across the plasma membrane. We have previously shown that raft association is mediated by the Ca2+-dependent binding of annexin 2 to the plasma membrane. In the present study, we demonstrate that the association of annexins 1 and 2 with the smooth muscle cell membrane can be terminated by their proteolytic cleavage. This proteolysis is thought to be triggered by calpain and occurs at non-raft regions of the plasma membrane. It is critically dependent on the intracellular concentration of free Ca2+ and requires an intact contractile apparatus. Annexins 1 and 2 interact with different membrane microcompartments--the former with non-raft, glycerolipid regions, the latter preferentially with membrane rafts. We demonstrate that PKC and RhoA, major signaling molecules that regulate smooth muscle contraction, are spatially segregated and interact with distinct membrane microcompartments. Proteolysis abolishes annexin binding to the plasma membrane and might result in rearrangement of membrane constituents followed by the interruption of segregation-dependent signaling events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Anatomy, University of Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Eduard B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Babiychuk
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Monastyrskaya
authors.forename: Fiona C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Burkhard
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wray
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Draeger
mesh_terms: D015720:5'-Nucleotidase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D017305:Annexin A1 / Q000378:metabolism; D017306:Annexin A2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D017302:Annexins / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D046508:Culture Techniques; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000737:chemistry; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009119:Muscle Contraction; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000032:analysis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013552:Swine; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D017305:Annexin A1; D017306:Annexin A2; D017302:Annexins; D015415:Biomarkers; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D015720:5'-Nucleotidase; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein