title: The spinal antinociceptive effect of kyotorphin in mice: involvement of the descending noradrenergic and serotonergic systems.
abstract: The role of descending monoaminergic systems in the antinociceptive effect of kyotorphin (Tyr-Arg, KTP) was investigated in mice by means of the tail-pinch test. We compared this effect with that of the delta-opioid receptor agonist [D-Pen(2,5)]-enkephalin (DPDPE). The antinociceptive effect of KTP and DPDPE injected intrathecally (i.t.), with ED(50) values of 26 and 0.030 microg/mouse, respectively, was completely abolished by co-administration of the adrenoceptor antagonist phentolamine and the serotonin receptor antagonist methysergide. Moreover, the activity of i.t. KTP and DPDPE was also antagonized by reserpine, 6-hydroxydopamine plus nomifensine, and p-chlorophenylalanine treatment. These results suggest that activation of both the descending noradrenergic and serotonergic systems is involved in the antinociceptive effect of spinally administered KTP against mechanical noxious stimulation, similar to the effect of DPDPE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Inflammation, Medicinal Biology Research Laboratories, Fujisawa Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-6, Kashima 2-chome, Yodogawa-ku, Osaka 532-8514, Japan. takehiro_oochi@po.fujisawa.co.jp
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Seitaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mutoh
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004723:Endorphins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000502:physiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects*; D011712:Pyramidal Tracts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012701:Serotonin / Q000502:physiology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D004723:Endorphins; C019448:kyotorphin; D012701:Serotonin; D009638:Norepinephrine