title: Using the human patient simulator to educate students of veterinary medicine.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The human patient simulator has proved to be an effective educational device for teaching physicians and paramedical personnel.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine whether veterinary medicine students would benefit from similar educational sessions, 90 students each took a turn being the patient's clinician as real-life scenarios were played out on the simulator. The students induced and maintained anesthesia on their patient and monitored vital signs. Several critical events were presented for the students to diagnose and treat as they occurred. All students submitted a written evaluation of the course upon completion. The last 40 students were randomly divided into two groups of 20 students each. The students in Group I experienced the simulator before their clerkship examination, and those in Group II took the examination before their simulator experience.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The students rapidly gained confidence in treating their simulated patient. This carried over to the clinical setting, where they appeared to be more confident when anesthetizing live patients. The simulator experience brought together much of the previous didactic material that they had been exposed to so they could appreciate its clinical relevance. The overwhelming response to the simulator experience was positive. The students in Group I had a significantly higher score on the clerkship examination dealing with concepts reviewed by simulation than those in Group II, who engaged in self-study instead of the simulation exercise (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the human patient simulator was a valuable learning tool for students of veterinary medicine. It was exciting for the students to work with, made them deal with "real-life" scenarios, permitted them to learn without subjecting live patients to complications, enabled them to retrace their steps when their therapy did not correct the simulated patient's problems, and facilitated correlation of their basic science knowledge with clinical data, thus accelerating their ability to handle complex clinical problems in healthy and diseased patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville 32610, USA. modeljh@shands.ufl.edu
authors.forename: Jerome H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Modell
authors.forename: Shauna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cantwell
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hardcastle
authors.forename: Sheilah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Luisito
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pablo
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D004520:Education, Veterinary; D016544:Patient Simulation; D015397:Program Evaluation