Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker, in mild-to-moderate hypertension.
BACKGROUND
Eplerenone, a selective aldosterone blocker (SAB) that is highly specific for the aldosterone receptor, has the potential to be efficacious in the treatment of hypertension.


METHODS
This 8-week, multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessed the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of eplerenone in eligible patients randomized to eplerenone 50, 100, or 400 mg once daily; eplerenone 25, 50, or 200 mg twice daily; spironolactone 50 mg twice daily; or placebo. The primary efficacy variable was the adjusted mean change in baseline to final visit for seated diastolic blood pressure (DBP).


RESULTS
Of 417 randomized patients, 409 were evaluated for efficacy. The adjusted mean change from baseline to final visit in seated and standing systolic blood pressure (SBP) and DBP was significantly greater (P < .05) in all eplerenone groups than in the placebo group. The adjusted mean change in 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) measurements of SBP and DBP also documented a 24-h duration significantly greater (P < .05) than placebo in eplerenone-treated patients. For all measurements, the antihypertensive effect of eplerenone increased in a dose-response fashion. Eplerenone (100 mg) reduced BP by 75% compared with spironolactone (100 mg) and had an adverse events incidence rate similar to placebo. No antiandrogenic or progestational effects or clinically relevant safety issues were observed in eplerenone-treated patients. However, one spironolactone-treated patient reported menstrual irregularities.


CONCLUSIONS
Eplerenone doses of 50 to 400 mg once daily are well tolerated and effective in reducing BP in patients with mild-to-moderate hypertension during a 24-h period.
Weinberger
Myron H
MH
Indiana University School of Medicine, Hypertension Research Center, Indianapolis 46202-5111, USA. mweinbe@iupui.edu
Roniker
Barbara
B
Krause
Scott L
SL
Weiss
Robert J
RJ
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D000077545:Eplerenone; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015990:Placebo Effect; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
D000451:Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists; D013148:Spironolactone; D000077545:Eplerenone