title: Enhanced metabolic activity coincides with survival and differentiation of cultured rat retinal ganglion cells exposed to glutamate.
abstract: Neurotransmitters are prominent candidates for trans-cellular signals that influence the development of the CNS. The present study has examined the effect of glutamate on survival, differentiation and metabolic activity of cultured rat retinal ganglion cells at 3 days in vitro. Retinal cultures from neonatal Wistar rats were treated with glutamate for 48 h. The metabolic activity was markedly increased in the retinal ganglion cells exposed to 20 microM glutamate. This was accompanied by an enhanced survival of these neurons. The number of differentiated retinal ganglion cells as determined by microtubule-associated protein-2 labeling was significantly increased following exposure to low but not higher doses of glutamate. The effect of glutamate on the metabolic activity and differentiation was blocked by tetrodotoxin. The results of the present study shows that glutamate has a significant effect on survival, differentiation and metabolic activity. An increase in the metabolic activity indicates an enhancement in the electrical activity. Thus, our results are consistent with the hypothesis that glutamate is critically involved in the regulation of electrical activity in developing rat retinal ganglion cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, P.O. Box 2900, Hosur Road, 560029, Bangalore, India.
authors.lastname: Govindaiah
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Shankaranarayana Rao
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Raju
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002452:Cell Count; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV