title: The ambulatory monitoring documents a more elevated blood pressure regimen (pre-hypertension) in normotensives with endothelial dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study investigates the blood pressure (BP) 24-h values in normotensives with and without endothelial dysfunction (ED). The scope is to detect differences in BP regimen supporting the hypothesis that the ED is associated with vasopressant effects that can cause a condition of "pre-hypertension".
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight normotensives were investigated in their endothelial function by mean of the non-invasive post-ischemic brachial artery vasodilation test (endothelium-dependent vasomotricity). Their were also automatically and non-invasively monitored in their systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP over the 24-h period in order to confirm that they were not hypertensive.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight of the investigated normotensives were found to show an ED. A significantly higher daily mean level as well as a more prominent nychtohemeral variability in SBP and DBP 24-h values were observed in the normotensives with ED as compared to the normotensives without ED. The higher BP regimen in the normotensives with ED was found to maintain a circadian rhythm. However, a significant amplification the second harmonic component, with a 12-h period, was observed. The different structure of the BP 24-h pattern in the normotensives with ED was confirmed by the detection of additional ultradian components at the linear-in-period spectral analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study documented a significant elevation of BP 24-h values in normotensives with ED that is the reflex of consistent changes in the frequency organization of the BP circadian pattern. The elevation of BP regimen suggests that the ED is associated with vasopressant effects even in normotensives. Such a condition of higher BP in normotensives with ED can be regarded as a status of "pre-hypertension".
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cugini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baldoni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Rosa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pandolfi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Colotto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zamparelli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berti
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Passini
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Roncoroni
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sabino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Capria
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological