title: Outcomes of written living wills in Japan--a survey of the deceased ones' families.
abstract: A study was recently done to investigate the outcomes of written living wills in Japan, which, unlike the United States, does not legally recognize advance directives. This study collected demographic information and predictors of living will use among families and guardians who used the living will form provided by the Japan Society for Dying with Dignity. According to the results of the study, affliction with cancer and death in a hospital was the best predictor of written living will use. Research on physicians' treatment limitation and withdrawal behaviors in the clinical setting is needed to better understand the actual impact of living wills. Such research can provide better understanding of where boundaries of self-determination are drawn and how to respect autonomy in Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fetters
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokata
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mogi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uemura
mesh_terms: D024362:Advance Directive Adherence; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005190:Family; D006801:Humans; D038622:Internationality; D007564:Japan; D016224:Living Wills / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017009:Professional Autonomy; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States
keywords: Death and Euthanasia; Empirical Approach; Japan Society for Dying with Dignity