title: Oropharyngeal swallowing variability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The pharyngeal phase of deglutition is considered to occur in a reflexive, preprogrammed fashion. Previous studies have determined a general sequence of events based on the mean timing of bolus transit and swallowing gestures. However, individual variability has not been studied. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the amount of sequence variability that normally occurs during the oropharyngeal phase of deglutition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective analysis of conservative subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dynamic swallow studies from 60 normal volunteers were evaluated, and event sequence variability was determined around two event sequences during swallowing of three bolus sizes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was found to be substantial variability in event sequences for all events analyzed. Variability was greater during a smaller bolus swallow.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evaluation of variability within the study group of individuals reveals the complexity of the swallowing mechanism and underscores the importance of not relying on general guidelines in evaluating the coordination of swallowing gestures in a given individual with dysphagia complaints.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of California, Davis, Sacramento 95817, USA. Katherine.Kendall@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kendall
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001466:Barium Sulfate; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D001466:Barium Sulfate