title: Visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus.
abstract: The current article reports the case of a 19-month-old-girl, from the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, with visceral leishmaniasis, by Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, and Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) co-infection. The child's mother and father, aged 22 and 27 years old, respectively, were both HIV positive. The child was admitted to the General Pediatric Center, in Belo Horizonte, presenting high fever, fatigue, weight loss and enlargement of liver and spleen. Indirect immunofluorescent test revealed a titer of 1:320 for Leishmania. Such result was confirmed by the presence of amastigotes in bone marrow aspirate samples and culture of promastigote forms. Parasites were identified as being Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis through PCR, using a L. braziliensis complex primer and a generic primer, followed by hibridization. Specific leishmaniasis therapy (Glucantime register mark or target antimonial) was intravenously administered.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Leishmanioses, Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil. pheolei@hotmai.com
authors.forename: Eduardo Sérgio da
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Raquel Silva
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.forename: Célia Maria Ferreira
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gontijo
authors.forename: Inácio Roberto
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Reginaldo Peçanha
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Brazil
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011817:Rabbits
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D016054:DNA, Protozoan