title: Inhibitory effect of 3,4-diaryl-3-pyrrolin-2-one derivatives on cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 in murine peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a whole-cell assay based on murine peritoneal macrophages and evaluate the inhibitory effect of candidate compounds on cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2.
  
  
  METHODS
  Macrophages were stimulated with calcimycin or lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for various periods. Their abilities to convert endogenous arachidonic acid to 6-keto-PGF1alpha or PGE2 were examined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). RNA level of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) and COX-1/2 was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rofecoxib selectively inhibited LPS-induced, COX-2-derived PGE2 synthesis with an IC50 value of (4.7+/-0.5) nmol/L compared with maximum inhibitory ratio of 17.3 % for the inhibition of calcimycin induced, COX-1-derived 6-keto-PGF1alpha synthesis. Indomethacin exhibited dual inhibitory effects on COX-1 and COX-2 with IC50 of (4.7+/-1.1) nmol/L and (7.1+/-1.2) nmol/L, respectively. Two series of 17 compounds were tested. Most of compounds in series II showed comparable inhibitory activities to rofecoxib on COX-2. The relative position of the sulfonylphenyl group to the lactam carbonyl group has important effects on COX-2 inhibitory activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The established whole cell assay is appropriate for drug-design oriented in vitro assay. 3,4-Diaryl-3-pyrrolin-2-one derivatives were proved to be prospective new type of COX-2 selective inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Ai-Ping
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Zong-Ru
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Gui-Fang
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011758:Pyrroles
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011758:Pyrroles; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse