title: Pyoderma among Hajj Pilgrims in Makkah.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bacterial skin infections have been considered as a possible health problem of the Hajj pilgrims. Significant increase in the rate of resistance to commonly used antibiotics against gram positive organisms has been observed. The present study was planned to obtain the microbiological profile of bacterial skin infections and their susceptibility to antimicrobials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pyodermas were investigated clinically and bacteriologically by a prospective study conducted on patients attending the dermatology clinic at the King Faisal Hospital, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia during 2 Hajj periods (2000 - 2001).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of a total of 80 pyoderma patients, 52.5% were primary and 47.5% secondary. The leading cause of primary pyoderma was found to be impetigo in 28.8% cases, and of secondary pyoderma was infected eczema in 18.8% cases. Positive cultures were found in 87.5% cases. The organisms responsible for primary pyoderma were: Staphylococcus aureus (65.6%), Streptococcus pyogenes (28.1%) or both (6.4%) while in secondary pydermas were: Staphylococcus aureus (44.7%), Streptococcus pyogenes (15.8%), or both (18.4%), and gram negative bacilli (21.1%). The resistant pattern of antimicrobials against Staphylococcus aureus was as follows: penicillin 80.85%, tetracycline 10.6%, gentamicin 6.4%, erythromycin 4.3% and cotrimoxazole [corrected] 4.3%. Oxacillin and cephalothin were found least resistant (2.1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pyoderma appeared as one of the common health hazard of our Hajj pilgrims. Penicillin and tetracycline are found ineffective in treating skin infections caused by Staphylococcus aureus while oxacillin is recommended as first line of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Microbiology, King Faisal Hospital, PO Box 5970, Makkah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. m_fatani@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mohamad I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Fatani
authors.forename: Syed Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Bukhari
authors.forename: Khalid A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Al-Afif
authors.forename: Talal M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Karima
authors.forename: Magdy R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Abdulghani
authors.forename: Mohamad I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Al-Kaltham
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007514:Islam; D008297:Male; D011711:Pyoderma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology; D017192:Skin Diseases, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013207:Staphylococcal Skin Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents