title: Resistance training improves strength and functional measures in patients with end-stage renal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The current study was designed to examine the effect of 12 weeks of resistance training on strength and functional ability in 10 medically stable hemodialysis patients (age, 42.8 +/- 4.4 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were tested on four separate occasions, each separated by 6 weeks. The first (T1) and second tests (T2) were controls with no exercise intervention between them. T3 followed 6 weeks of resistance training, and T4 occurred after 12 weeks of training. Variables tested included percentage of body fat, distance covered in the 6-minute walk test, peak torque of quadriceps muscles of the dominant leg, maximal handgrip strength, normal and maximal walking speeds, and time to complete 10 repetitions of the sit-to-stand-to-sit test. Data were analyzed by means of a one-way repeated-measures analysis of variance procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicate that after 12 weeks of training, there was a significant (P < 0.05) increase (12.7%) in peak torque at 90 degrees /s (139.1 +/- 19.3 nm) compared with T1 and T2 (mean, 124.1 +/- 18.7 [SEM]; 123.5 +/- 16.9 Nm), respectively. The distance covered during the 6-minute walk was increased ( approximately 5%; P < 0.05) compared with baseline (T1, 522.1 +/- 46.2 m; 521.9 +/- 48.5 m) after 6 weeks of training (548.3 +/- 52.1 m) and remained elevated at week 12 (546.5 +/- 54.2 m). Maximal walking speed was increased (P < 0.05) by week 12 (195.9 +/- 15.4 cm/s) compared with baseline (T1, 182.9 +/- 12.7; 185.5 +/- 13.0 cm/s). Time to complete 10 repetitions of the sit-to-stand-to-sit test decreased at 12 weeks (17.8 +/- 1.9 seconds) versus baseline (T1, 20.3 +/- 1.5 seconds; T2, 20.6 +/- 5.5 seconds).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Resistance training can be used safely to increase strength and functional capacity in stable hemodialysis patients.
authors.affiliation: Springfield College, Pioneer Valley Dialysis Center, Military Performance Division, US Army Research, Springfield, MA 01109, USA. sheadley@spfldcol.edu
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Headley
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Germain
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mailloux
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mulhern
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ashworth
authors.forename: Jami
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burris
authors.forename: Britton
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brewer
authors.forename: Bradley C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Nindl
authors.forename: Bradley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nindl
authors.forename: MaryAnn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coughlin
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Welles
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology; D014891:Weight Lifting / Q000502:physiology*