title: Shunting to the sagittal sinus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a shunt that drains CSF from the ventricles to the sagittal sinus under normal-physiological conditions. This shunting principle will not lead to any over-drainage, and a large proportion of the known shunt-complications will be avoided.
  
  
  METHODS
  On the basis of the normal values for ICP, resistance to outflow and the production rate of CSF we have developed a shunt that drains CSF to the sagittal sinus and restores normal condition for the CSF dynamics. The shunt consists of two unidirectional valves, a pre-chamber, a resistance tube made of titanium, and a titanium tube leading CSF into the sagittal sinus. The shunt has been tested in 18 patients. Observation time ranged from 2 to 430 days, mean time 54 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first results from the use of the new shunt are very promising. It has an immediate effect on the clinical symptoms, it restores CSF dynamics (investigated with the shunt inserted) and the size of the ventricles is only gradually diminished. Slit ventricles have not yet been observed. In all patients the symptoms of hydrocephalus were relieved. No occlusion or thrombosis of the sagittal sinus have been observed. This is in agreement with the reports in the literature of shunting to the sagittal sinus, where 99 cases have been presented with an observation period of up to 6 years. The shunt has proven easy and safe to implant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Shunting to the sagittal sinus has proven easy and safe with regard to short term results. By using a dedicated shunt that drains at normal physiological parameters for the CSF dynamics any over-drainage is avoided, and it may be expected that the complication rate will be substantially smaller than with existing shunting systems.
authors.affiliation: University Clinic of Neurosurgery, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Børgesen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gjerris
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agerlin
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts / Q000379:methods*; D003392:Cranial Sinuses; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006850:Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure / Q000601:surgery*; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014696:Ventriculostomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*