title: Activation of the RON receptor tyrosine kinase by macrophage-stimulating protein inhibits inducible cyclooxygenase-2 expression in murine macrophages.
abstract: The RON receptor tyrosine kinase is activated by macrophage-stimulating protein, which regulates macrophage migration, phagocytosis, and nitric oxide production. We report here the inhibitory effect of RON on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced cyclooxygenase (Cox)-2 expression in mouse macrophages. In RON-expressing macrophages treated with macrophage stimulating protein, LPS-induced prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) production was significantly reduced. The inhibition was accompanied by reduction of Cox-2 protein and mRNA expression. Transcriptional studies indicated that RON activation inhibits LPS-induced luciferase activity driven by the Cox-2 gene promoter. To determine whether RON activation affects LPS-induced NF-kappa B pathway, which is important for Cox-2 expression. Western blot analyses were performed showing that RON activation inhibits LPS-induced I kappa B alpha degradation. The decreased I kappa B alpha degradation was due to reduced I kappa B alpha phosphorylation at Ser-32 as determined by I kappa B alpha (Ser-32) phosphor-antibody. Moreover, we found that LPS-induced IKK beta activity, an enzyme responsible for phosphorylation of I kappa B alpha, was inhibited upon RON activation. Interestingly, these inhibitory effects were not regulated by RON-mediated phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. These results suggest that RON activation inhibits LPS-induced macrophage Cox-2 expression. The inhibitory effect is mediated by impairing LPS-activated cascade enzymes that activate NF-kappa B. The inhibition of Cox-2 expression might represent a novel mechanism for the inhibitory functions of RON in vivo against LPS-induced inflammation and septic shock.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Teaching Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yong-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yi-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Ming-Hai
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D051379:Mice; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D000077191:Wortmannin; C000606205:Nfkbia protein, mouse; C082332:macrophage stimulating protein; C080835:RON protein; C496564:Chuk protein, mouse; C496562:Ikbkb protein, mouse; C496566:Ikbke protein, mouse