title: Efficacious immunomodulatory activity of the chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1): local secretion of SDF-1 at the tumor site serves as T-cell chemoattractant and mediates T-cell-dependent antitumor responses.
abstract: The chemokine stromal cell-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) is essential for perinatal viability, B lymphopoiesis, and bone marrow myelopoiesis, and is a potent monocyte and T-lymphocyte chemoattractant. Interactions of SDF-1 with its receptor CXCR4 have been implicated in CD34(+) cell migration and homing. Here it is shown that human SDF-1beta (hSDF-1beta) alone secreted by hSDF-1beta-transduced tumor cells promotes efficacious antitumor responses. The murine C1498 leukemia and B16F1 melanoma models have been studied. For expression of hSDF-1beta by tumor cells (SDF-tumor cells), packaging cell lines secreting retroviruses encoding hSDF-1beta have been used. The results demonstrate that 50% (B16F1) and 90% (C1498) of naive mice injected with SDF-tumor cells reject their tumors. Prophylactic vaccination of naive mice with irradiated SDF-tumor cells leads to systemic immunity, and therapeutic vaccination leads to cure of established tumors. Mice that previously rejected live SDF-tumor cells are immune to the rejected tumor but susceptible to another tumor and have in vitro tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity. SDF-tumor cells are not rejected by immunodeficient scid mice. Immunohistochemistry shows significant infiltration of SDF-1 tumors by T cells, and in vivo T-cell depletion studies indicate that CD4(+) T cells are required for SDF-mediated tumor rejection. In conclusion, the present data suggest that SDF-1/CXCR4 interactions have the potential to regulate efficacious antitumor immune responses; exploitation of these interactions may lead to novel therapeutic interventions.
authors.affiliation: Wyeth Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Kyriaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dunussi-Joannopoulos
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zuberek
authors.forename: Kathlene
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Runyon
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hawley
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Erickson
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Leonard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000276:immunology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; C515256:Cxcl12 protein, mouse