title: Liver glutathione concentrations in dogs and cats with naturally occurring liver disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine total glutathione (GSH) and glutathione disulfide (GSSG) concentrations in liver tissues from dogs and cats with spontaneous liver disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Liver biopsy specimens from 63 dogs and 20 cats with liver disease and 12 healthy dogs and 15 healthy cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  GSH was measured by use of an enzymatic method; GSSG was measured after 2-vinylpyridine extraction of reduced GSH. Concentrations were expressed by use of wet liver weight and concentration of tissue protein and DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Disorders included necroinflammatory liver diseases (24 dogs, 10 cats), extrahepatic bile duct obstruction (8 dogs, 3 cats), vacuolar hepatopathy (16 dogs), hepatic lipidosis (4 cats), portosystemic vascular anomalies (15 dogs), and hepatic lymphosarcoma (3 cats). Significantly higher liver GSH and protein concentrations and a lower tissue DNA concentration and ratio of reduced GSH-to-GSSG were found in healthy cats, compared with healthy dogs. Of 63 dogs and 20 cats with liver disease, 22 and 14 had low liver concentrations of GSH (micromol) per gram of tissue; 10 and 10 had low liver concentrations of GSH (nmol) per milligram of tissue protein; and 26 and 18 had low liver concentrations of GSH (nmol) per microgram of tissue DNA, respectively. Low liver tissue concentrations of GSH were found in cats with necroinflammatory liver disease and hepatic lipidosis. Low liver concentrations of GSH per microgram of tissue DNA were found in dogs with necroinflammatory liver disease and cats with necroinflammatory liver disease, extrahepatic bile duct occlusion, and hepatic lipidosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low GSH values are common in necroinflammatory liver disorders, extrahepatic bile duct occlusion, and feline hepatic lipidosis. Cats may have higher risk than dogs for low liver GSH concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: Sharon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Center
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: Hollis N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Erb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002415:Cats; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D005978:Glutathione; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide