title: Use of caffeic acid phenethyl ester to prevent sodium-selenite-induced cataract in rat eyes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) prevents sodium-selenite-induced cataract.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Ophthalmology and Biochemistry, Inonu University Medical Faculty, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Research Hospital, Malatya, Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty Sprague-Dawley rat litters were randomized into 3 groups. In Group 1 (n = 18), sodium selenite (30 nmol/g body weight) was injected subcutaneously on postpartum day 10. In Group 2 (n = 22), subcutaneous CAPE (15 micromol/kg) and sodium selenite (30 nmol/g body weight) were injected on postpartum day 10. The CAPE dose was continued subcutaneously for 3 days after the initial injection. Only subcutaneous saline was injected in Group 3 (control, n = 20). The development of cataract was assessed weekly, and its density was graded by slitlamp biomicroscopy and photography. Removed rat lenses were analyzed for glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA, marker of lipid peroxidation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Group 2 rats had clear lenses or minor cataract. All Group 1 rats developed more severe cataract or complete opacification. The between-group difference was statistically significant (P <.05). All control lenses (Group 3) were clear. The mean GSH level in Group 1 (4.49 micromol/g wet weight +/- 0.93 [SD]) was significantly lower than that in Group 2 (8.63 +/- 0.88 micromol/g wet weight) (P <.05) and controls (10.76 +/- 1.97 micromol/g wet weight) (P <.05). The mean MDA level in Group 1 (8.54 +/- 1.31 nmol/g wet weight) was significantly higher than that in Group 2 (5.23 +/- 0.84 nmol/g wet weight) (P <.05) and controls (4.19 +/- 0.81 nmol/g wet weight) (P <.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Caffeic acid phenethyl ester effectively suppressed cataract formation in rats. The protective effect was supported by lower GSH and higher MDA levels in Group 1 than in Group 2, suggesting the antioxidant efficacy of this agent. Since CAPE has no known harmful effect on normal cells, it may be beneficial in clinical use in humans.
authors.affiliation: Inonu University Medical Faculty, Turgut Ozal Medical Center, Research Hospital, TR-44160 Malatya, Turkey. sdoganay@inonu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doganay
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Turkoz
authors.forename: Cem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evereklioglu
authors.forename: Hamdi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Er
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bozaran
authors.forename: Elif
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozerol
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002386:Cataract / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D018038:Sodium Selenite
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C055494:caffeic acid phenethyl ester; D005978:Glutathione; D018038:Sodium Selenite; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol