title: Adherence to repeat screening flexible sigmoidoscopy in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acceptance of screening flexible sigmoidoscopy has been poor, in part because of providers' concerns regarding the acceptability of the procedure. In the current prospective study, the authors used adherence to repeat testing to assess the acceptability of screening flexible sigmoidoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The current study was a prospective study of a randomized clinical trial drawing volunteers from the community. Subjects included 10,164 Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial participants who were available for follow-up 3 years after undergoing a baseline screening flexible sigmoidoscopy examination. The authors measured adherence and identified those factors that appeared to affect adherence to repeat sigmoidoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 18.3% of women and 10.0% of men did not undergo a repeat sigmoidoscopy. Among individuals who attended the Year-3 clinic, 10.4% of women and 5.1% of men specifically refused repeat sigmoidoscopy when it was offered (risk of refusal in women compared with men, 2.04; 95% confidence interval, 1.76-2.36). Another factor found to be associated with refusal included a technically inadequate baseline sigmoidoscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gender and past experiences with sigmoidoscopy may impact adherence to repeat screening. Nonetheless, among research volunteers in a randomized clinical trial of screening, excellent adherence to repeat screening flexible sigmoidoscopy could be achieved.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA. jwepid@imap.pitt.edu
authors.forename: Joel L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Weissfeld
authors.forename: Bruce S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Schoen
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Bresalier
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Philip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Prorok
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012737:Sex Factors; D012812:Sigmoidoscopy / Q000523:psychology