title: Prediction of malignant behavior of pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas using immunohistochemical techniques.
abstract: Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas arise from the adrenal glands and extraadrenal paraganglia, respectively. Malignant behavior of these tumors is uncommon and is, in part, dependent on their sites of origin, such as extraadrenal location. Morphologic criteria for malignancy of pheochromocytoma and paragangliomas have not been clearly defined. In this study, to clarify the histologic features that distinguish the benign from malignant pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas, we examined metastatic and nonmetastatic tumors using immunohistochemical techniques. A total of eight cases, five pheochromocytomas from the adrenal glands (four benign and one malignant tumor) and three paragangliomas with invasion or metastasis, were studied. The markers used in this study were chromogranin A, synaptophysin, NCAM (CD56), SNAP25, neuron-specific enolase, S-100 protein, and MIB-1. Our results suggest that MIB-1 immunostaining is a useful adjunct marker to predict malignant behavior in these tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Tokai University, School of Medicine, Isehara, Kanagawa, Japan. atrix@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Nobue
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumaki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kajiwara
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kameyama
authors.forename: Ronald A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: DeLellis
authors.forename: Sylvia L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Asa
authors.forename: R Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Osamura
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takami
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002345:Carotid Body Tumor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010220:Para-Aortic Bodies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010236:Paraganglioma, Extra-Adrenal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D010673:Pheochromocytoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor