title: The potential pitfalls of concurrent rhinoplasty and endoscopic sinus surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As the largest portion of the population is becoming middle aged and our society becomes increasingly interested in youth and appearance, so does the number of esthetic surgeries. Rhinoplasty is being performed with increased frequency in recent years. Many surgeons are performing rhinoplasty combined with endoscopic sinus surgery as a means to decrease operating times, healing times, as well as patient cost. Many surgeons may be unaware of several potential life-threatening complications when these two safe procedures are performed concurrently.
  
  
  METHODS
  A rare but illustrative case depicting a serious complication of concurrent surgery. A retrospective review of our experience and an extensive literature review were performed documenting the type and incidence of minor and serious postoperative complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A case demonstrating multiple near-fatal complications after rhinoplasty and endoscopic sinus surgery, which are two safe, commonly performed procedures when performed individually. A review of our 268 rhinoplasties performed between 1997 and 2001 demonstrated 11 cases with concurrent surgery. There were no complications noted in this population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude and agree with the literature that concurrent surgery is safe and effective.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Geisinger Medical Center, Danville, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Millman
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods