title: Simultaneous analysis of T cell clonality and cytokine production in rheumatoid arthritis using three-colour flow cytometry.
abstract: In this study we examined the cytokine production by T cells and TCRVbeta subsets in peripheral blood (PB) and synovial fluid (SF) from six RA patients and PB from 10 normal subjects, using three-colour flow cytometry. In two RA subjects we assessed T cell clonality by RT PCR using TCRBV family-specific primers and analysed the CDR3 (complementarity determining region 3) length by GeneScan analysis. A high percentage of IFN-gamma- and IL-2- producing cells was observed among the PB T cells in both the RA patients and normal controls and among the SF T cells in RA patients. In contrast, the percentage of T cells producing IL-4 and IL-5 was small among PB T cells in both RA patients and normal controls and among SF T cells in RA patients. There was no significant difference in the production of IFN-gamma, IL-2 and IL-5 between the two compartments (PB and SF); however, there were significantly more IL-4-producing cells in SF. Molecular analysis revealed clonal expansions of four TCRBV families in SF of two of the RA patients studied: TCRBV6.7, TCRBV13.1 and TCRBV22 in one and TCRBV6.7, TCRBV21.3 and TCRBV22 in the second. These expansions demonstrated cytokine expression profiles that differed from total CD3+ cells, implying that T cell subsets bearing various TCR-Vbeta families may have the potential to modulate the immune response in RA patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of University of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bakakos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pickard
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Ayre
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Madden
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Frew
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.forename: M I D
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Cawley
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015333:Gene Rearrangement, beta-Chain T-Cell Antigen Receptor; D019672:Genes, T-Cell Receptor; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D015848:Interleukin-5; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma