Three novel MYB proteins with one DNA binding repeat mediate sugar and hormone regulation of alpha-amylase gene expression.
The expression of alpha-amylase genes in cereals is induced by both gibberellin (GA) and sugar starvation. All alpha-amylase genes isolated from cereals contain a TATCCA element or its variants at positions approximately 90 to 150 bp upstream of the transcription start sites. The TATCCA element was shown previously to be an important component of the GA response complex and the sugar response complex of alpha-amylase gene promoters. In the present study, three cDNA clones encoding novel MYB proteins with single DNA binding domains were isolated from a rice suspension cell cDNA library and designated OsMYBS1, OsMYBS2, and OsMYBS3. Gel mobility shift experiments with OsMYBSs showed that they bind specifically to the TATCCA element in vitro. Yeast one-hybrid experiments demonstrated that OsMYBS1 and OsMYBS2 bind to the TATCCA element and transactivate a promoter containing the TATCCA element in vivo. Transient expression assays with barley half-seeds showed that OsMYBS1 and OsMYBS2 transactivate a promoter containing the TATCCA element when sugar is provided, whereas OsMYBS3 represses transcription of the same promoter under sugar starvation. Transient expression assays also showed that these three OsMYBSs cooperate with a GA-regulated transcription factor, HvMYBGa, in the transactivation of a low-pI barley alpha-amylase gene promoter in the absence of GA. Two-hybrid experiments with barley half-seeds showed that OsMYBS1 is able to form a homodimer. The present study demonstrates that differential DNA binding affinity, promoter transactivation ability, dimerization, and interactions with other protein factors determine the biological function of OsMYBSs. This study also suggests that common transcription factors are involved in the sugar and hormonal regulation of alpha-amylase gene expression in cereals.
Lu
Chung-An
CA
Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Nankang, Taipei, Taiwan 115, Republic of China.
Ho
Tuan-hua David
TH
Ho
Shin-Lon
SL
Yu
Su-May
SM
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000494:pharmacology; D001467:Hordeum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012275:Oryza / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D020598:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D015003:Yeasts / Q000235:genetics; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
D002241:Carbohydrates; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005875:Gibberellins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; D020598:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myb; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D000516:alpha-Amylases