title: Double-blind, randomized trial comparing the efficacy and tolerability of fulvestrant versus anastrozole in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer progressing on prior endocrine therapy: results of a North American trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy and tolerability of fulvestrant (formerly ICI 182,780) with anastrozole in the treatment of advanced breast cancer in patients whose disease progresses on prior endocrine treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study, postmenopausal patients were randomized to receive either an intramuscular injection of fulvestrant 250 mg once monthly or a daily oral dose of anastrozole 1 mg. The primary end point was time to progression (TTP). Secondary end points included objective response (OR) rate, duration of response (DOR), and tolerability.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients (n = 400) were followed for a median period of 16.8 months. Fulvestrant was as effective as anastrozole in terms of TTP (hazard ratio, 0.92; 95.14% confidence interval [CI], 0.74 to 1.14; P =.43); median TTP was 5.4 months with fulvestrant and 3.4 months with anastrozole. OR rates were 17.5% with both treatments. Clinical benefit rates (complete response + partial response + stable disease > or = 24 weeks) were 42.2% for fulvestrant and 36.1% for anastrozole (95% CI, -4.00% to 16.41%; P =.26). In responding patients, median DOR (from randomization to progression) was 19.0 months for fulvestrant and 10.8 months for anastrozole. Using all patients, DOR was significantly greater for fulvestrant compared with anastrozole; the ratio of average response durations was 1.35 (95% CI, 1.10 to 1.67; P < 0.01). Both treatments were well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fulvestrant was at least as effective as anastrozole, with efficacy end points slightly favoring fulvestrant. Fulvestrant represents an additional treatment option for postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer whose disease progresses on tamoxifen therapy.
authors.affiliation: Breast Center at Baylor College of Medicine, 1 Baylor Plaza, MS 600, Houston, TX 77030, USA. kosborne@breastcenter.tmc.edu
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pippen
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Come
authors.forename: S Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Gertler
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dimery
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elledge
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buzdar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000077384:Anastrozole; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004958:Estradiol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009570:Nitriles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009656:North America / Q000453:epidemiology; D017698:Postmenopause; D011788:Quality of Life; D015996:Survival Rate; D014230:Triazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D009570:Nitriles; D014230:Triazoles; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D000077384:Anastrozole; D004958:Estradiol