title: Sub-lethal effects of deltamethrin on walking behaviour and response to host kairomone of the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis.
abstract: The lethal doses of the pyrethroid deltamethrin were estimated for the egg parasitoid Trissolcus basalis (Wollaston) (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae), and the sub-lethal effects of an LD25 on female walking behaviour were evaluated. Linear speed of treated parasitoids was reduced compared with that of untreated ones for a period of up to 24 h. The sub-lethal effects of deltamethrin on parasitoid response to patches contaminated by a contact kairomone from its host, Nezara viridula L (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), was also evaluated. Both treated and untreated parasitoids responded to host-contaminated patches by increasing residence time and decreasing linear speed. However, treated females showed a significantly lower residence time compared with untreated females. Both treated and untreated females showed a similar decrease over time in the proportion of time spent in the host-contaminated patch. Hence, we hypothesise that the sub-lethal effect of deltamethrin on host foraging may decrease T basalis efficacy in controlling N viridula.
authors.affiliation: Department of Arboriculture and Plant Protection-Entomology, University of Perugia, Borgo XX Giugno, Perugia 06121, Italy. salerno@unipg.it
authors.forename: Gianandrea
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Salerno
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Colazza
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Conti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006927:Hymenoptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D016015:Logistic Models; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009570:Nitriles; D010675:Pheromones / Q000502:physiology*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009570:Nitriles; D010675:Pheromones; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin