title: Plasmid-borne AmpC beta-lactamases.
abstract: Historically, it was thought that ampC genes encoding class C beta-lactamases were located solely on the chromosome but, within the last 12 years, an increasing number of ampC genes have been found on plasmids. These have mostly been acquired by ampC-deficient pathogenic bacteria, which consequently are supplied with new and additional resistance phenotypes. This review discusses the phylogenetic origin of the plasmid-encoded AmpC beta-lactamases, their occurrence, and mode of spread, as well as their hydrolytic properties.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, National University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. jawalras@mail.tele.dk
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walther-Rasmussen
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Høiby
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C048795:AmpC beta-lactamases; D001618:beta-Lactamases