title: HLA class I expression in primary hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether CTL vaccine therapy is suitable for primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from the viewpoint of HLA class I antigens expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  The immunocytochemistry, image analysis, flow cytometry, and labeled streptavidin biotin (LSAB) method of immunohistochemistry were applied respectively to study 4 HCC cell lines (e.g. Alexander, HepG2, SMMC-7721, and QGY-7703) cultured in vitro and 6 frozen tissue specimens of HCC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive control cell line Raji had very strong positive staining. Most mitotic and nonmitotic cells of the 4 HCC cell lines had various intensity of HLA class I antigens expression. The negative control cell K562 and the control slides of all the cell lines had no positive staining. In the 6 HCC specimens immunohistochemically studied, histological normal hepatocytes had no or very weak positive staining and the liver sinus had very strong positive staining. Most HCC cells in the sections from the 6 HCC specimens had strong positive HLA classIantigens staining. The positive staining was located in the cytoplasm, the perinuclear area, and at the cell membrane of the liver cancer cells. Flow cytometry also revealed that Raji and those 4 HCC cell lines had strong HLA classIantigens expression, which was confirmed quantitatively by the image analysis. It showed that the objective grayscale values of Raji and those 4 HCC cell lines were significantly different from that of K562 (Raji 114.04+/-10.94, Alexander 165.97+/-5.35, HepG2 167.02+/-12.60, QGY-7703 161.46+/-7.13, SMMC-7721 165.93+/-5.21, K562 244.89+/-4.60, P<0.01). Significant differences were also found between Raji and the 4 HCC cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HCC cells express HLA class I antigens strongly. From this point of view, the active specific immunotherapy of CTL vaccine is suitable and practicable for HCC.
authors.affiliation: Bioinfo Tech Incorporated Company, 10F Zhuangsen No.8 Dongsheng Street, Chengdu 610015, Sichuan Province,China. huangjian@bioinfochina.com
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Mei-Ying
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Da-Peng
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I