title: Transforming growth factor beta1 gene polymorphism in rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease and synovial cells, antigen presenting cells, lymphocytes, and their cytokines might be associated with the disease. Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) has been reported to have important roles in unresolved inflammation, immune suppression, fibrosing processes, and angiogenesis. TGFbeta1 is highly expressed in joints in RA and is considered to be a regulator of anti-inflammation in RA. Polymorphisms of TGFbeta1 have been reported to be associated with the production of TGFbeta1 protein, and to increase the risk of acquiring several diseases. It was speculated that these polymorphisms might also be involved in RA, and therefore the TGFbeta1 codon 10 T869C polymorphism in a series of patients and controls was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 155 patients with RA and 110 healthy subjects were studied. DNA was extracted from peripheral leucocytes and TGFbeta1 codon 10 T869C polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment polymorphism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significantly higher proportion of patients with RA with the T allele (CT type or TT type) was found compared with the CC type (p=0.039).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The T allele, previously reported to be linked with production of TGFbeta1, may be associated with an increased risk of RA.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya City University, Medical School, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niimi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshinouchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Banno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naniwa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1