title: Synthesis of new polymer-bound adenine nucleotides using starburst PAMAM dendrimers.
abstract: Two types of new polymer-bound adenine nucleotides were synthesized by coupling adenine nucleotides (ATP and ADP) with starburst polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. The first type was obtained by coupling native adenine nucleotides directly with a carboxy-terminated PAMAM dendrimer. In the second type, the nucleotides were modified by introducing a spacer arm containing a carboxylic end group (N(6)-R-ATP and N(6)-R-ADP) and coupled with an amine-terminated PAMAM dendrimer. Both types of the dendrimers were coupled with native or the modified nucleotides using the well-known carbodiimide activation technique. The optimum coupling pH and temperature were 4 and 30 degrees C, respectively, for preparing the carboxy-terminated PAMAM-bound ATP or ADP, and were 9 and 50 degrees C, respectively, for preparing the amine-terminated PAMAM-bound N(6)-R-ATP or N(6)-R-ADP. The ATP or ADP contents in the synthesized polymers were found to be 4 mol of ATP or of ADP/mol of carboxy-terminated PAMAM-bound ATP or ADP and 25 mol of ATP or of ADP/mol of amine-terminated PAMAM-bound N(6)-R-ATP or N(6)-R-ADP. The coenzymatic activities relative to the native ATP of the carboxy-terminated PAMAM-bound ATP against glucokinase and hexokinase were 16 and 7%, respectively, and those of the amine-terminated PAMAM-bound N(6)-R-ATP 2 and 1%, respectively. The coenzymatic activities relative to the native ADP of the carboxy-terminated PAMAM-bound ADP and the amine-terminated PAMAM-bound N(6)-R-ADP against acetate kinase were 24 and 3.5%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
authors.forename: Wael
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Abdelmoez
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: Kosaku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishimi
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D050091:Dendrimers; D004355:Drug Stability; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D011073:Polyamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D050091:Dendrimers; C104700:PAMAM Starburst; D011073:Polyamines; D011108:Polymers; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D010770:Phosphotransferases