title: Dectin-1 is a major beta-glucan receptor on macrophages.
abstract: Zymosan is a beta-glucan- and mannan-rich particle that is widely used as a cellular activator for examining the numerous responses effected by phagocytes. The macrophage mannose receptor (MR) and complement receptor 3 (CR3) have historically been considered the major macrophage lectins involved in the nonopsonic recognition of these yeast-derived particles. Using specific carbohydrate inhibitors, we show that a beta-glucan receptor, but not the MR, is a predominant receptor involved in this process. Furthermore, nonopsonic zymosan binding was unaffected by genetic CD11b deficiency or a blocking monoclonal antibody (mAb) against CR3, demonstrating that CR3 was not the beta-glucan receptor mediating this activity. To address the role of the recently described beta-glucan receptor, Dectin-1, we generated a novel anti-Dectin-1 mAb, 2A11. Using this mAb, we show here that Dectin-1 was almost exclusively responsible for the beta-glucan-dependent, nonopsonic recognition of zymosan by primary macro-phages. These findings define Dectin-1 as the leukocyte beta-glucan receptor, first described over 50 years ago, and resolves the long-standing controversy regarding the identity of this important molecule. Furthermore, these results identify Dectin-1 as a new target for examining the immunomodulatory properties of beta-glucans for therapeutic drug design.
authors.affiliation: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, United Kingdom. gbrown@molbiol.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Gordon D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Delyth M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Janet A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Willment
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martinez-Pomares
authors.forename: Simon Y C
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Siamon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005936:Glucans / Q000494:pharmacology; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000502:physiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000737:chemistry*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000502:physiology; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000032:analysis*; D015054:Zymosan / Q000378:metabolism; D000099181:Dectin-1
chemical_list: D005936:Glucans; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D015054:Zymosan; D000099181:Dectin-1; C045268:beta-glucan receptor