title: Endodontic treatment with application of Er:YAG laser waveguide radiation disinfection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to examine the ability of Er:YAG laser radiation. Using a movable waveguide helps to obtain an antibacterial effect, not only in root canal walls but also in the surrounding tissues.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Conventional endodontic treatment is not fully effective due to microbial colonization of root canal walls dentin in premolars and molars. Various laser systems seem to be effective to kill the remaining microbial content in the root canal. The problem is in the flexibility of laser system tips.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Er:YAG laser system was designed with a fluorocarbon polymer-coated silver hollow glass waveguide. Root canal systems of 44 premolars and molars were treated endodontically, using a step-back technique; 10 teeth were then treated with calcium hydroxide paste, and 22 teeth were irradiated by a movable waveguide. Before and after treatment, the colony-forming units were counted to determine 21 various microorganisms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Classical enlargement and shaping of the root canal is effective in 60%. Application of calcium hydroxide prepares sterile root canal in 80%. Er:YAG laser irradiation via movable waveguide (energy of 100 mJ, 30 pulses, repetition rate 4 Hz) can ensure residual disinfection of the root canal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Application of Er:YAG laser radiation through a flexible waveguide helps to attain antibacterial effect, not only in the root canal walls, but also in the surrounding tissues. Therapeutic doses of laser radiation guarantee one-step disinfection, including of anaerobic microorganisms.
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Department of Stomatology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic. t.dostalova@quick.cz
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dostálová
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jelínková
authors.forename: Devana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Housová
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sulc
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nemeć
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dusková
authors.forename: Mitsunobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyagi
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krátky
mesh_terms: D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity; D003804:Dentin; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers