HIV-1, HAART and bone metabolism.
Much attention has been paid to the emerging complications of HIV infection in patients receiving HAART. Recently, there emerged a potentially increased risk of bone problems like osteopenia, osteoporosis and osteonecrosis as patients live longer. It could be a drug side effect, a consequence of prolonged exposure to HIV and/or activated immune cells characteristic of HIV infection, or a consequence of immune system changes that accompany suppression of virus by the drugs. Future research should focus on the etiologic mechanisms, define the incidence and prevalence prospectively, determine the relationship with HAART (especially the rule of protease inhibitors), and help to guide management. Only when the mechanism for HIV-related versus HAART-related changes can be defined, will we be much closer to designing specific interventions.
Borderi
M
M
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Bologna, Italy.
Farneti
B
B
Tampellini
L
L
Giuliani
R
R
Verucchi
G
G
Vescini
F
F
Caudarella
R
R
Chiodo
F
F
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors