title: Fat contamination of pericardial suction blood and its influence on in vitro capillary-pore flow properties in patients undergoing routine coronary artery bypass grafting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neurologic dysfunction after cardiopulmonary bypass might be due to arterial microembolization. Pericardial suction blood is a possible source of embolic material. Our aim was to determine the capillary-pore flow ability of pericardial suction blood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pericardial suction blood from patients undergoing coronary bypass was collected, and pericardial suction blood and venous blood were sampled at the end of cardiopulmonary bypass and before reinfusion of pericardial suction blood. Pericardial suction blood was (n = 10) or was not (n = 10) prefiltered through a 30-microm cardiotomy screen filter before capillary in vitro analysis. Additionally, in 8 patients the plasma viscosity was measured, and in 5 of these patients, pericardial suction blood capillary deposits were evaluated by using a microscopy-imprint method and fat staining. Capillary flow was tested through 5-microm pore membranes. Tested components were plasma, plasma-eliminated whole-blood resuspension, and leukocyte/plasma-eliminated erythrocyte resuspension. Initial filtration rate and clogging slope expressed the blood-to-capillary interaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma-flow profile of pericardial suction blood was highly impaired, with a 47% reduction in initial filtration rate (P <.001) and a 142% steeper clogging slope flow deceleration (P <.01). This difference was not due to a change in pericardial suction blood viscosity, such as by free hemoglobin, which corresponded to 5.7% of the erythrocytes. There were no differences in resuspended whole blood or erythrocytes. The cardiotomy filter had no effect. Microscopy suggested the presence of capillary fat deposits in pericardial suction blood that were not seen with venous plasma (P <.05). The pericardial suction blood volume was 458 +/- 42 mL and contained 95.6 +/- 9.3 g/L hemoglobin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pericardial suction blood plasma capillary flow function was highly impaired by liquid fat. Pericardial suction blood hemoglobin appears worth recovering after fat removal, despite profound hemolysis.
authors.affiliation: Heart Center, Department of Surgery and Perioperative Science, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Umeå University Hospital, S-901 85 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Micael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Appelblad
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Engström
mesh_terms: D001809:Blood Viscosity; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004620:Embolism, Fat / Q000150:complications*; D006440:Hemofiltration / Q000379:methods; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013396:Suction
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D008055:Lipids