title: Long-term fracture risk in patients with Crohn's disease: a population-based study in Olmsted County, Minnesota.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Osteoporosis is common in patients with Crohn's disease, but less is known about their risk of actual fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of all 238 Olmsted County, Minnesota, residents diagnosed with Crohn's disease between 1940 and 1993 were reviewed for evidence of subsequent fractures compared with a control group of county residents matched by age and sex. The risk ratio of fracture in patients relative to controls was estimated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. The cumulative incidence of fracture following diagnosis was estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-three patients had 117 different fractures. The cumulative incidence of any fracture from the time of diagnosis onward was 36% at 20 years versus 32% in controls (P = 0.792). Compared with controls, the overall risk ratio for any fracture was 0.9 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.6-1.4), whereas the relative risk for an osteoporotic fracture was 1.4 (95% CI, 0.7-2.7). The risk ratio for thoracolumbar vertebral fracture was 2.2 (95% CI, 0.9-5.5). Cox proportional hazards regression identified only age as a significant clinical predictor of fracture risk (hazard ratio per 10-year increase in age, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.5). Specifically, use of corticosteroids and surgical resection did not predict risk of fracture among these unselected patients with Crohn's disease from the community.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this population-based inception cohort of patients with Crohn's disease, the risk of fracture was not elevated relative to age- and sex-matched controls.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. loftus.edward@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Edward V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Loftus
authors.forename: Cynthia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Crowson
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sandborn
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Tremaine
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: O'Fallon
authors.forename: L Joseph
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Melton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015519:Bone Density; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones