title: Adjuvant chemotherapy for high-risk low-stage germ-cell tumours.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the assessment and management of early germ-cell tumours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A role has evolved for adjuvant chemotherapy in stage I disease postorchidectomy and in the primary management of stage II disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A range of approaches offer high survival in early germ-cell tumours. Treatment should factor in patient choice and resource issues. More sensitive imaging with Positron Emission Tomography may allow more appropriate treatment decisions.
authors.affiliation: The Academic Unit of Radiotherapy and Oncology, The Royal Marsden NHS Trust and The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey UK.
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Horwich
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Huddart
mesh_terms: D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D018237:Germinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009919:Orchiectomy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery