Health care management strategies of long-term dialysis survivors.
This qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study describes self-management strategies of long-term survivors of dialysis. Data were collected via long, semi-structured interviews with 18 individuals, 10 male and 8 female, who had been on dialysis for more than 15 years. Of these, 10 participants were Caucasian, 4 were African-American, and 4 were Hispanic. Respondents ranged in age from 38 to 63 years. Interviews were audio-recorded, and verbatim transcriptions of interviews were analyzed according to a content analytic procedure, with movement from specific to general. Six broad patient self-management strategies were identified: impression management, selective symptom report/management, vigilant oversight of care, self-proposal of treatments, active self-advocacy, and independent adoption of treatments/use of alternative therapies. For the individuals interviewed, self-management was largely constituted as management of the health care system and health care providers who represent it. Although the small sample size and the exploratory-descriptive methodology limit generalizability, valuable insights into techniques for self-management were derived. Such insights pave the way for future research into characteristics that distinguish dialysis patients who have the potential to be effective self-managers. More importantly, understanding of successful self-management by individuals on dialysis lays the groundwork for development of interventions to help other patients develop similar positive self-management strategies.
Curtin
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Medical Education Institute, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008134:Long-Term Care / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010344:Patient Advocacy; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000592:standards; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D011209:Power, Psychological; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology*; D012803:Sick Role; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*