title: Early surgical results with intent to treat by radical retropubic prostatectomy for clinically localized prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the early cancer control rates, morbidity and mortality in men undergoing radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) for clinically localized adenocarcinoma prostate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient's characteristics, operative data, progressive-free survival rates, morbidity and mortality were analyzed for 23 men with clinical T1-2 prostate cancer who underwent surgery with an intent to treat by RRP between December 1997 to July 2001.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient's mean age was 63 +/- 6.2 years (range 51 to 76 years) with American Society of Anesthesiology (ASA) status I in 4%, II in 65% and III in 31%. Two third of the patients had lower urinary tract obstructive symptoms, followed by hematuria (9%) and back pain (4%). Clinical stages were T1b in 4%, T1c in 9%, T2a in 17%, T2b in 22% and T2c in 48% of the patients. Mean pre-operative serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 25 +/- 29 ng/ml (1.1 to 99.3). Bilateral pelvic lymphnode disection(PLND) and RRP was performed in 20 cases (nerve-sparing RRP 5 cases). In 3 cases with gross lymph node metastasis at frozen section, only bilateral orchidectomy was done. The mean operative time was 270 +/- 65 minutes and mean blood loss was 1097 +/- 654 mls. Packed cell transfusions were nil in 26%, 1-2 units in 44%, 3-4 units in 26% and 5 units in 4% of the patients who underwent RRP. The mean length of hospital stay was 10.2 +/- 1 days. Out of 20 patients who underwent RRP, 65% of tumors were confined to the specimen, 20% had seminal vesicle invasion and 15% had nodal metastasis. There was no peri-operative mortality while 2 patients developed epididymo-orchitis and 1 had myocardial ischemia (without infarction). Overall 87% of the patients were fully continent and 13% had mild to moderate stress urinary incontinence. The mean time of return of continence was 11.5 +/- 11.6 weeks. Two of the 3 patients (66%) with follow up information and having undergone nerve-sparing RRP are potent. At a mean follow up of 19.4 +/- 13 months (range 3-45 months), 20 of 23 total patients (87%) and 17 of 20 RRP patients (85%) remained free of disease recurrence with PSA < or = 0.4 ng/ml.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our early results confirm the excellent potential for cancer control and low morbidity of radical prostatectomy for men with localized prostate cancer. These results are in conformity with the vast Western experience. Long-term results will be provided.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery (Section of Urology), Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Biyabani
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Talati
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome