Drinking to cope among college students: prevalence, problems and coping processes.
OBJECTIVE
To examine four issues regarding college-student drinking to cope: (1) The prevalence of drinking to cope among students in a medium-sized Midwestern state university; (2) the relationships among drinking to cope and alcohol-related outcomes; (3) the use of drinking to cope within the larger context of students' coping processes; and (4) gender differences in drinking to cope.


METHODS
Data were drawn from a sample of 275 undergraduates (164 women, 104 men, 7 subjects of unreported gender) in a cross-sectional sample. Of the 275 students assessed, data were analyzed from the 260 who reported ever having consumed alcohol. Drinking to cope was examined both as a style and in response to a specific situation identified by the participant.


RESULTS
Drinking to cope is very common among college students and is related to much higher levels of alcohol consumption, episodes of heavy drinking, and levels of both negative and positive alcohol-related consequences. In examining the relative influence of drinking to cope and other variables on alcohol use, regression analyses indicated that positive alcohol expectancies were strongly related to alcohol use and that, even when considering other variables, situational drinking to cope remained a fairly strong predictor of most of the alcohol-use indicators. Analysis of gender differences suggested that men rely on alcohol to cope more than women do.


CONCLUSIONS
Drinking to cope is a significant and highly problematic factor in college student alcohol use. Implications for interventions are discussed.
Park
Crystal L
CL
Department of Psychology, University of Connecticut, Storrs 06269-1020, USA. Crystal.park@uconn.edu
Levenson
Michael R
MR
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014495:Universities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*