title: Clinical significance of serum S-100 beta protein level after pediatric cardiac surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The serum S-100 beta protein level is a specific marker of damage to the central nerve system (CNS). We studied its significance in pediatric cardiac surgery as a possible marker of CNS damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 18 consecutive pediatric patients aged 12 days to 13 years (mean: 2.8 years) undergoing open-heart surgery. We measured the serum S-100 beta protein level using ELISA (SRL Co. Ltd., Tokyo) immediately after inducing anesthesia and immediately, 12 hours, and 24 hours after weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
  
  
  RESULTS
  None had postoperative neurological symptoms. The prebypass serum S-100 beta protein level showed a significant logarithmic correlation with patient age. All patients showed increased S-100 beta protein immediately after weaning from CPB, and multiple regression analysis showed that bypass time and cyanosis were significant factors in such as increase. Cyanosis was the only factor in increased S-100 beta protein levels 12 and 24 hours after weaning from CPB. The peak S-100 beta protein level showed a significant exponential correlation with bypass time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum S-100 beta protein elevated immediately after weaning from CPB correlated with bypass time but not with neurological symptoms. Physiological changes other than substantial brain damage caused by CPB may increase the serum S-100 beta protein level. Prebypass data on neonates and infants showed serum S-100 beta protein increased without brain damage supporting this hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, 2-12-12 Sumiyoshi, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 430-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kunii
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moriki
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ayusawa
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D012044:Regression Analysis; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins