title: CARF is a novel protein that cooperates with mouse p19ARF (human p14ARF) in activating p53.
abstract: The INK4a locus on chromosome 9p21 encodes two structurally distinct tumor suppressor proteins, p16(INK4a) and the alternative reading frame protein, ARF (p19(ARF) in mouse and p14(ARF) in human). Each of these proteins has a role in senescence of primary cells and activates pathways for cell cycle control and tumor suppression. The current prevailing model proposes that p19(ARF) activates p53 function by antagonizing its degradation by MDM2. It was, however, recently shown that stabilization of p53 by p14(ARF) occurs independent of the relocalization of MDM2 to the nucleolus. We have identified a novel collaborator of ARF, CARF. It co-localizes and interacts with ARF in the nucleolus. We demonstrate that CARF is co-regulated with ARF, cooperates with it in activating p53, and thus acts as a novel component of the ARF-p53-p21 pathway.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Md Kamrul
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yaguchi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugihara
authors.forename: Penmetcha K R
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taira
authors.forename: Roger R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Reddel
authors.forename: Sunil C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.forename: Renu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wadhwa
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019942:Genes, p16; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016364:Reading Frames; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C486724:CaRF protein, human; C448259:Carf protein, mouse; C417743:Cdkn2a protein, mouse; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53