title: Hypopharyngeal cancer: results of treatment based on radiation therapy and salvage surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to present the treatment results and to identify possible prognostic indicators in patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPC).
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutively admitted series of 110 patients was analyzed retrospectively. The female male ratio was 29: 81. The sites of the tumors were: pyriform fossa (72%), postcricoid area (18%), and posterior pharyngeal wall (10%). T-status was T1: 15%, T2: 26%, T3: 28%, and T4: 37%. N-status was N0: 27%, N1: 33%, N2: 26%, and N3: 14%.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred three patients (94%) were treated with curative intent. Two of these received primary surgery; the remaining 101 patients had primary radiotherapy. Seven patients (6%) received no or only palliative treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5- and 10-year estimates for crude survival (CS) were 16% and 7% and disease-specific survival (DSS) 28% and 23%, respectively. In the group of patients treated with curatively intended radiotherapy, 71 recurrences were observed at the time of analysis. The 5- and 10-year RFS estimates were both 17%. The values for CS were 18% and 8% and the values for DSS were 31% and 26%, respectively. Univariate survival analyses of age, sex, T-status, N-status, and TNM staging did not show any significant influence on survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the survival of patients with HPC treated with primary radiotherapy and salvage surgery is poor and that other treatment modalities have to be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Denmark. godballe@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Godballe
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: Olfred
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bastholt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D015996:Survival Rate