title: The effects of alcohol and expectancies on risk perception and behavioral skills relevant to safer sex among heterosexual young adult women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to test the hypotheses that acute alcohol intoxication and alcohol-rated sex expectancies are negatively related to both risk perception (a motivational factor) and ability to negotiate safer sex (a behavioral skills factor) with a partner. Motivation and behavioral skills are determinants of safer sex according to the Information-Motivation-Behavioral Skills (IMB) model.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 102 heterosexual females ages 21-30 years participated in two sessions. The first session involved the administration of various measures to confirm eligibility status, and random assignment to one of three beverage conditions: "water control:" "alcohol" (0.65 g alcohol/kg body weight) or "placebo:" The second session involved administration of the beverage and then completion of a risk perception measure and an audiovisual role-play measure of behavioral skills.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regression analyses showed that alcohol expectancies and the perception of intoxication contributed independent variance to both risk perception and behavioral skills. Actual alcohol intoxication had little influence on these dependent variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alcohol expectancies and related factors can be related to variables that theoretically precede the occurrence of risky sex. Research is needed on the processes through which expectancies might be related to the occurrence of safer sex, as well as on person and situation variables that moderate the effects of alcohol and alcohol expectancies on safer sex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Center for Health and Behavior, Syracuse University, New York 13244-2340, USA. samaisto@psych.syr.edu
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Maisto
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Kate B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D020010:Heterosexuality / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010465:Perception; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012309:Risk-Taking; D021841:Safe Sex / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014741:Video Recording / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data