title: Laparoscopic common bile duct exploration and cholecystectomy versus endoscopic stone extraction and laparoscopic cholecystectomy for choledocholithiasis. A prospective randomized study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our objective is to compare the results of laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) and common bile duct (CBD) exploration to those of endoscopic stone extraction and LC in patients with CBD lithiasis based on a prospective randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  From April 1997 until August 2000, 78 patients were assigned in two groups. Group A (n'36) patients underwent laparoscopic either direct or trancystic duct, CBD exploration and LC. Group B (n'42) patients were referred for endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic sphincterotomy (ES) for duct clearance and at a later stage LC was performed. Selection of patients of both groups was done, considering prognostic factors of a preliminary study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Laparoscopic duct clearance was achieved in 85.7% of patients while the respective percentage for the combined approach was 84.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic CBD exploration is not yet established as the gold standard procedure for choledocholithiasis and there is the need for further randomized trials and possibly future meta-analyses.
authors.affiliation: Second Surgical Department, Red Cross Hospital Korgialenio-Mpenakio, Athens, Greece. gsgourakis@hotmail.com
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sgourakis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karaliotas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D042882:Gallstones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome