title: Hospitalizations and mortality in the Lung Health Study.
abstract: This report deals with deaths and hospitalizations during the 5-year Lung Health Study, as documented by examination of appropriate records. There were 149 deaths (2.5%) during the study, caused largely by lung cancer and cardiovascular disease, particularly coronary heart disease. A total of 12.8% of participants were hospitalized, with cancer, cardiovascular disease, and nonmalignant respiratory disease accounting for 75% of hospitalizations. There were no significant differences among the original treatment groups for all-cause mortality, lung cancer, or hospitalizations for respiratory disease. Deaths and hospitalizations for cardiovascular disease and coronary artery disease were more common in the smoking intervention plus Atrovent inhaler (SI-A) group, which received ipratropium bromide, than in the smoking intervention plus placebo inhaler (SI-P) group, which received placebo, and the differences approached statistical significance. However, we were unable to find a dose effect, in that differences were not related to self-reported inhaler compliance. In the SI-A group, nine participants were hospitalized for supraventricular tachycardia as compared with two in the SI-P group, and SI-A participants with this condition were unusually compliant with their inhaled medication. When all participants were considered and smoking status considered as a time-dependent covariate, smoking cessation was associated with significant reductions in fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular disease and coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Nicholas R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Anthonisen
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Connett
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Enright
authors.forename: Jure
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manfreda
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D009241:Ipratropium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D009241:Ipratropium