title: Current methods of transfer of young people with Type 1 diabetes to adult services.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy and patient perception of various transfer procedures from paediatric to adult diabetes services.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparison between four districts in the Oxford Region employing different transfer methods, by retrospective study of case records and interviews of patients recently transferred from paediatric diabetes clinics. The main outcome measures were age at transfer, clinic attendance rates, HbA1c measurements and questionnaire responses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and twenty-nine subjects (57% males) > 18 years old in 1998 and diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes < 16 years of age between 1985 and 1995, identified from the regional diabetes register. The notes audit was completed for 222 (97%) and 164 (72%) were interviewed by a single research nurse. Mean age at transfer was 17.9 years (range 13.3-22.4 years). Few young people were lost to follow-up at the point of transfer. There was a high rate of clinic attendance (at least 6 monthly) 2 years pretransfer (94%), but this declined to 57% 2 years post-transfer (P < 0.0005). There was large interdistrict variation in clinic attendance 2 years post-transfer (29% to 71%); higher rates were seen in districts where young people had the opportunity to meet the adult diabetes consultant prior to transfer. The importance of this opportunity was confirmed by questionnaire responses on interview.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adolescence is a vulnerable period for patients with diabetes. This regional survey demonstrated a marked decline in clinic attendance around the time of transition from paediatric to adult services. The reasons are complex, but mode of transfer may be an important factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kipps
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bahu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ong
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Ackland
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: H A W
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Neil
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Edge
authors.forename: D B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Dunger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016497:Adolescent Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy*; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000458:organization & administration*