title: [3-dimensional image acquisition for analysis of primary, cleft-induced facial deformity with an optoelectronic surface scanner].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anthropometric analysis of the face has been performed with direct facial measurement and photogrammetry. Both methods have disadvantages. The aim of our investigation was to create a three-dimensional image of the primary cleft nasal deformity with a video scanner and to carry out linear measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  Facial plaster casts of 19 patients with uni- and bilateral cleft lip and palate before primary lip repair were scanned with digital surface photogrammetry DSP 400. The width of the nose and of the nostril floor, the distance of the alar bases, the length of the ala, and the nasal tip protrusion were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Imaging was possible without problems in all models. Direct measurements of the model correlated well with the results of the three-dimensional image. Significant dimensional differences of the nasal parameters examined were noted, depending on the cleft type.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A video-supported surface scanner allowed immediate three-dimensional imaging of the face. The computer software analyzed the generated surface exactly. The data measured with the presented system resembled other previously published results.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie, Universität Tübingen, Osianderstrasse 2-8, 72076 Tübingen. Michael.Krimmel@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krimmel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bacher
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Cornelius
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Göz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reinert
mesh_terms: D002370:Casts, Surgical; D002508:Cephalometry; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014741:Video Recording / Q000295:instrumentation*