title: Anorectal functional disorders in the absence of anorectal inflammation in patients with Crohn's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Histological alterations in the enteric nervous system (ENS) have been described in patients suffering from Crohn's disease (CD). The aim of this study was to investigate whether patients with CD without rectal inflammation have abnormal anorectal function compared with healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four patients with CD and 26 healthy volunteers were examined by anorectal manometry and answered a standardized questionnaire. No patient had active CD in the rectum as determined by endoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maximum anal resting and squeeze pressures did not differ between patients and healthy volunteers. The rectoanal inhibitory reflex was absent in 24 of 54 patients and two of 26 healthy volunteers (P < 0.05). The first sensation to distension of the rectal balloon was reported at mean(s.e.m.) 57.9(4.4) ml by patients and 37.5(2.2) ml by healthy volunteers (P < 0.01). The standardized interview revealed additional disorders of anorectal function in patients with CD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anorectal function appears to be altered in many patients with CD even in the absence of macroscopic anorectal disease. This may be due to a disorder of the ENS.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, University Hospital, Waldhoernlestrasse 22, D-72072 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Kreis
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: T T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Zittel
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Jehle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D011312:Pressure; D011349:Proctitis / Q000209:etiology