Control of cell survival by IGF signaling pathways.
The insulin-like growth factor system efficiently signals to cells to grow, differentiate, and survive. One central player in the prevention of cell death is the IGF-I receptor. Transduction of signals through this receptor leads to multiple series of intracellular phosphorylation events and the activation of several signaling pathways. Mechanisms of IGF system signaling that prevent cell death continue to be identified, suggesting that cells have alternative ways to avert death signals in addition to primary protective pathways. This review describes current knowledge of the mechanisms utilized by the IGF system to promote cell survival.
Vincent
Andrea M
AM
Department of Neurology, University of Michigan, Room 4414 Kresge III, 200 Zina Pitcher Place, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. andreav@umich.edu
Feldman
Eva L
EL
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000378:metabolism*
D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D013002:Somatomedins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases