Enhanced transformation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons using a combined Fenton's reagent, microbial treatment and surfactants.
The potential for using Fenton's reagent (H(2)O(2)+ Fe(2+)) as an advanced oxidation pretreatment process to enhance microbial transformation of two model polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene, in an aqueous system was evaluated. Fenton's reagent at a concentration of 0.5% H(2)O(2) and 10 mM Fe(2+) (molar ratio, 15:1) was most effective in transforming anthracene at pH 4. Application of non-ionic surfactants during Fenton's pre-treatment was found to be more effective in the transformation of both anthracene and benzo[a]pyrene. The extent of removal of substrates by a combined Fenton's-biotreatment was 2-4 times higher than with Fenton's treatment or biotreatment alone. In a chemical-biological treatment train, 48 h of Fenton's pre-treatment in the presence of a non-ionic surfactant, followed by 7 days of biological treatment resulted in 80-85% removal of PAHs (100 ppm).
Nadarajah
N
N
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2T 2J3, Canada.
Van Hamme
J
J
Pannu
J
J
Singh
A
A
Ward
O
O
D000873:Anthracenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*
D000873:Anthracenes; C045076:Fenton's reagent; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D001564:Benzo(a)pyrene; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron