title: Antioxidative properties of cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) infusion against superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, and hypochlorous acid.
abstract: Polyphenols are able to act as antioxidants by virtue of their hydrogen-donating and metal-chelating capacities. Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) is a species containing considerable amounts of polyphenolic compounds, namely flavonoids and phenolic acids. This study examined the antioxidant activity of cardoon lyophilized infusion against superoxide radical, hydroxyl radical, and hypochlorous acid. Superoxide radical was generated either in an enzymatic system or nonenzymatically, and the scavenging ability was assessed by the inhibition of superoxide radical-induced reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium. Hydroxyl radical was generated by the Fe3+-EDTA/ascorbate Fenton system, and scavenging capacity was estimated by evaluating the inhibition of hydroxyl radical-induced deoxyribose degradation into thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances. Inhibition of hypochlorous acid-induced 5-thio-2-nitrobenzoic acid oxidation to 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) was used in order to test the hypochlorous acid scavenging activity.
authors.affiliation: CEQUP/ Serviço de Farmacognosia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, R. Aníbal Cunha, 4050-047 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: Patrícia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valentão
authors.forename: Eduarda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Félix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Paula B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Seabra
authors.forename: M Lourdes
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bastos
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005612:Freeze Drying; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry*; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D013481:Superoxides; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid; D004228:Dithionitrobenzoic Acid