title: [Allergic reactions and hypopigmentation due to temporary tattooing with henna].
abstract: Skin tattooing with henna seems a safe alternative to permanent skin tattooing. Contact dermatitis due to henna is rare. Most of the reactions are due to additives, especially paraphenylenediamine, which is added to speed up the process of skin dyeing and to give a darker brown to black colour ('black' henna) instead of the otherwise reddish brown henna colour. Paraphenylenediamine is a well-known strong sensitizer, particularly due to its use as a hair dye. Three patients, two boys aged 8 and 10 years and a 30-year-old woman, developed allergic contact dermatitis after skin painting, after which hypopigmentation remained. Patch tests with paraphenylenediamine were strongly positive in all three patients. This positive reaction means that they will never be able to dye their hair and that they have an increased risk of cross-reactions with other dyes, but also with local anaesthetics, sulfonamides, para-aminoazobenzoic acid or para-aminosalicylic acid.
authors.affiliation: Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum, Polikliniek Huidziekten, Postbus 9600, 2300 RC Leiden. e.j.van_zuuren@lumc.nl
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: van Zuuren
authors.forename: A P M
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Lavrijsen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017496:Hypopigmentation / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010328:Patch Tests; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013653:Tattooing / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D010655:Phenylenediamines; C005090:lawsone; C029728:4-phenylenediamine