title: The axillary flap approach to the frontal recess.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the access to the frontal recess using the axillary flap approach by identifying the frontal ostium during endoscopic sinus surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective review of 64 consecutive patients (118 sides) undergoing axillary flap exposure of the frontal recess between November 1998 and July 1999.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic data, identification of the frontal ostium, findings at surgery, use of nasal packing, the presence of postoperative symptoms, revision surgery, and the endoscopic appearance of the frontal recess were collected. The operative technique is presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frontal sinus ostium was identified in 96% of patients (104 of the 118 sides). Eight sides had Kuhn type 3 cells that required removal for clearance of the frontal ostium. Eighty-two percent of sides (97 sides) had endoscopically healed sinuses without symptoms after an average follow-up of 15.4 months. Six sides had middle meatal adhesions requiring division under local anesthetic. One patient has required revision surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The axillary flap approach to the frontal recess provides excellent access to the frontal recess and allows clearance of cells in the recess with identification of the frontal ostium in the vast majority of cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Adelaide University, South Australia, Australia. peterj.wormald@adelaide.edu.au
authors.forename: Peter John
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Wormald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005626:Frontal Sinus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D016896:Treatment Outcome