title: Transforming growth factor-beta1 modulates matrix metalloproteinase-9 production through the Ras/MAPK signaling pathway in transformed keratinocytes.
abstract: Mouse transformed keratinocytes cultured in the presence of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) acquire a set of morphological and functional properties giving rise to a more motile phenotype that expresses mesenchymal markers. In this work, we present evidence showing that TGF-beta1 stimulates cellular production of MMP-9 (Gelatinase B), a metalloproteinase that plays an important role in tumoral invasion. Our results demonstrate that TGF-beta1stimulates MMP-9 production and MMP-9 promoter activity in a process that depends of the activation of the Ras-ERK1,2 MAP kinase pathway. The latter was demonstrated by cellular transfection of TGF-beta1-sensitive cells with a RasN17 mutant gene, using PD 098059, a MEK 1,2 inhibitor, and treating cells with anti-sense oligodeoxinucleotides. The enhanced MMP-9 production proved to be an important factor in the acquisition of migratory and invasive properties as shown by the use of a specific inhibitor of MMP-9 (GM6001) that inhibits the TGF-beta1-stimulated invasive and migratory properties of these transformed keratinocytes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Biología Celular, INTA, Universidad de Chile Casilla 138, Santiago, Chile. jfsantib@uec.inta.uchile.cl
authors.forename: Juan Francisco
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Santibáñez
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quintanilla
authors.forename: Angels
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fabra
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martínez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D003474:Curcumin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004151:Dipeptides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D007093:Imidazoles; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; C078131:N-(2(R)-2-(hydroxamidocarbonylmethyl)-4-methylpentanoyl)-L-tryptophan methylamide; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D011725:Pyridines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D018631:ras Proteins; D003474:Curcumin; C093642:SB 203580; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one