Enantioselective disposition of lansoprazole in extensive and poor metabolizers of CYP2C19.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the enantioselective disposition of lansoprazole in relation to the genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19.


METHODS
A single oral dose of racemic lansoprazole (30 mg) was administered to 6 extensive metabolizers and 6 poor metabolizers whose genotypes were determined by use of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The pharmacokinetic parameters were estimated from the plasma concentrations of lansoprazole racemate, its enantiomers, and metabolites, which were measured for 24 hours after drug administration. The unbound fraction of lansoprazole enantiomers was determined by means of ultrafiltration of fresh human serum spiked with racemic lansoprazole.


RESULTS
The plasma concentrations of R(+)-lansoprazole were consistently higher than those of the S(-)-enantiomer in both extensive and poor metabolizers of CYP2C19, and the mean area under the plasma concentration-time curve of the (+)- and (-)-enantiomers showed 4.3- and 5.8-fold differences between poor and extensive metabolizers, respectively. The (+)/(-) ratios of lansoprazole clearance were not significantly different between poor and extensive metabolizers (0.19 +/- 0.07 and 0.05 +/- 0.08, respectively). The values for volume of distribution of the (-)-enantiomer were 3- and 10-fold greater, respectively, than those of the (+)-enantiomer in poor and extensive metabolizers, which was related to a 2-fold higher unbound fraction of the (-)-enantiomer.


CONCLUSIONS
The effect of CYP2C19 genetic polymorphism on the enantioselective disposition of lansoprazole seems to be less significant than the effect on omeprazole and pantoprazole. The disposition of lansoprazole enantiomers appears to be influenced by enantioselective protein binding and by enantioselective metabolism of lansoprazole.
Kim
Kyoung-Ah
KA
Department of Pharmacology, Inje University College of Medicine and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Pusan Paik Hospital, and the Department of Chemistry, Pusan National University, Pusan, South Korea.
Shon
Ji-Hong
JH
Park
Ji-Young
JY
Yoon
Young-Ran
YR
Kim
Min-Jung
MJ
Yun
Doo-Hee
DH
Kim
Moon-Kyung
MK
Cha
In-June
IJ
Hyun
Myung-Ho
MH
Shin
Jae-Gook
JG
D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; D001711:Biotransformation; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D064748:Dexlansoprazole; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D064747:Lansoprazole; D008297:Male; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011485:Protein Binding; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013237:Stereoisomerism
D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D064747:Lansoprazole; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C045793:CYP2C19 protein, human; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D009853:Omeprazole; D064748:Dexlansoprazole