title: The potential use of saliva to detect recurrence of disease in women with breast carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Approximately 1 woman in every 10 will develop breast cancer in her lifetime. It has been shown that screening for breast cancer can reduce breast cancer mortality. The use of a saliva-based test could prove to be very useful in post-operative and/or adjunctive therapy management of breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following study was undertaken to establish the possible usefulness of the salivary protein product of the oncogene c-erbB-2 in following patients diagnosed with carcinoma of the breast. Included in this study were 25 patients with a mean age of 54 years with varying histological diagnoses and stages of carcinoma of the breast. ELISA assays for c-erbB-2 and CA 15-3 were performed on serum and stimulated whole saliva samples collected on all patients prior to any adjunct therapy or surgery and sequentially during therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the GLM analyses using marker concentration as the dependent variable and treatment regimen and the serial assessments as independent variables yielded a significant overall model for both the serum (P < 0.007) and salivary (P < 0.017) c-erbB-2 markers. The model for serum c-erbB-2, however, exhibited a significant difference for treatment regimen (P < 0.001) with the chemotherapy and radiation treatment regimen being significantly different (P < 0.001) from the other treatment therapies. Time (serial assessments) was not significant. The model for the salivary c-erbB-2 marker was reversed. Treatment regimen was not significant for this model; however, time (serial assessments) was significant (P < 0.002). The serum and salivary CA 15-3 marker models yielded no significant results. Paired t-test analyses indicated that only the salivary c-erbB-2 concentrations exhibited a significant difference between the pre- and post-therapy values (t = 4.245, P < 0.0001). Additionally, salivary c-erbB-2 displayed greater percent reductions across all therapies as compared to the other markers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This preliminary study appears to indicate that c-erbB-2 protein expression in saliva may be a very useful diagnostic tool for measuring patient response to chemotherapy and/or surgical treatment of their disease.
authors.affiliation: Office of Research and Graduate Programs, School of Dentistry, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, Mississippi 39216-4505, USA.
authors.forename: Lenora R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Bigler
authors.forename: Charles F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Streckfus
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Copeland
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Xiaoli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bigler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D016014:Linear Models; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012372:ROC Curve; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018396:Mucin-1; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides