title: [Routine episiotomy in modern obstetrics. Is it necessary?].
abstract: The study presents a literature review on the benefits and risk of the routine episiotomy during the second stage of labour. Perineal trauma complications as well as perinatal outcomes are discussed. The risk of stress incontinence and sexual dysfunction are described. New techniques for improve of perinatal outcomes and prevention of post partum incontinence are described. Routine episiotomy gives poor effects in many cases. Perineal massage during pregnancy, waterbirth, are most interesting methods to avoid routine episiotomy and improve the quality of life in post partum women.
authors.affiliation: II Kliniki Ginekologii Instytutu Ginekologii i Połoznictwa Akademii Medycznej, 94-029 Łódź, ul. Wileńska 37.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Korczyński
mesh_terms: D001494:Baths; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D004414:Dyspareunia / Q000209:etiology; D004841:Episiotomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007748:Labor Stage, Second; D008405:Massage; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010502:Perineum / Q000293:injuries*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology