The classification of stress-related disorders in ICD-10 and DSM-IV.
This paper reviews the psychopathology, the nosology and classification principles of stress-related disorders, with focus on how they are characterized in ICD-10 and DSM-IV. The presence of a stressor and the reexperience of the event are the two criteria present in the three diagnostic systems: ICD-10 Research Diagnostic Criteria (RDC), ICD-10 Diagnostic Guidelines (DG), and DSM-IV. ICD-10 RDC and DSM-IV, being more strict, add two more criteria: avoidance and increased physiological arousal. ICD-10 RDC allows this to be substituted by 'inability to recall', while ICD-10 DG add a few more symptoms which are not necessary for the diagnosis but may be typical (numbness), common (anxiety and depression) or rare (acute bursts of fear or aggression). DSM-IV is the only system which mentions symptoms specific for children.
López-Ibor
Juan J
JJ
Department of Psychiatry, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain. lopezibor@dial.eunet.es
D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D001143:Arousal; D002648:Child; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D038801:International Classification of Diseases / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*