title: Serological studies and ultrasonographic diagnosis of chronic liver disease in Kenya.
abstract: Blood samples were obtained from blood donors and patients with chronic hepatitis (CH), liver cirrhosis (LC) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) from provincial hospitals and Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH). Patients with chronic liver disease (CH, LC and HCC) underwent abdominal ultrasound screening as well. The blood samples were screened for Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), anti hepatitis C virus (Hep CV) antibodies and alpha fetoprotein (AFP). A total of 44665 blood samples from blood donors were screened for HBsAg between July 1991 and January 1993. Of these 4.1% were found to be HBsAg positive. A total of 983 samples were taken from chronic liver disease patients out of which 22.2% were found to be HBsAg positive. Sixty-three patients were found to have liver cirrhosis and 53 patients had HCC on ultrasound screening. Anti Hep CV antibodies were found in 4.3% (5/116) of patients with LC and HCC. AFP levels were found to be significantly higher in HCC patients than in LC patients, levels of above 200 ng/ml being diagnostic of HCC. Follow up of high risk patients, i.e. those with HBsAg positive, chronic liver disease, by ultrasound screening and AFP detection may be useful in the early detection of HCC.
authors.affiliation: Virus Research Centre, Kenya Medical Research Institute, P. O. Box 54840, Nairobi.
authors.forename: Frederick A.
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Okoth
authors.forename: Fusae
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Julius
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuei
authors.forename: Peter M.
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kaiguri
authors.forename: David C.
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kaptich
authors.forename: Anthony M.
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kasomo
authors.forename: Edmund K.
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Ireri
authors.forename: Peter M.
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Tukei