title: Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) signaling induces CREB-dependent chromogranin expression during neuronal differentiation.
abstract: Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) mediates neurite outgrowth and cell migration upon stimulation with its ligand, amphoterin. We show here that RAGE-dependent changes in cell morphology are associated with proliferation arrest and changes in gene expression in neuroblastoma cells. Chromogranin B, a component of secretory vesicles in endocrine cells and neurons, was found to be up-regulated by RAGE signaling during differentiation of neuroblastoma cells along with the two other members of the chromogranin family, chromogranin A and secretogranin II. Ligation of RAGE by amphoterin lead to rapid phosphorylation and nuclear localization of cyclic AMP response element-binding protein (CREB), a major regulator of chromogranin expression. Furthermore, inhibition of ERK1/2-Rsk2-dependent CREB phosphorylation efficiently inhibited up-regulation of chromogranin gene expression upon RAGE activation. To further study the effects of RAGE and amphoterin on cellular differentiation, we stimulated embryonic stem cells expressing RAGE or a signaling-deficient mutant of RAGE with amphoterin. Amphoterin was found to promote RAGE-dependent neuronal differentiation of embryonic stem cells characterized by up-regulation of neuronal markers light neurofilament protein and beta-III-tubulin, activation of CREB, and increased expression of chromogranins A and B. These data suggest that RAGE signaling is capable of driving neuronal differentiation involving CREB activation and induction of chromogranin expression.
authors.affiliation: Programme of Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biotechnology and the Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland. Henri.Huttunen@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Henri J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Huttunen
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuja-Panula
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rauvala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D048429:Cell Size; D002864:Chromogranins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism*; D024243:HMGB1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000378:metabolism; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D002864:Chromogranins; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D024243:HMGB1 Protein; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D016708:Synaptophysin; D014212:Tretinoin; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases