title: Management of the paralyzed elbow in tetraplegia.
abstract: The management of the paralytic conditions in tetraplegia requires understanding neural pathophysiology. A comprehensive rehabilitative and surgical plan requires a multidisciplinary approach. Prior to redistributing the muscle forces across the elbow, a supple osseo-articular platform must be created. The authors recommend PDT and BTT transfers and a FES neuroprosthesis. Future work in this field will advance the application of neuromodulation and its deployment in different neurophysiologic states.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Combined Hand Fellowship, Metrohealth Medical Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. hhoyen@metrohealth.org
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoyen
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keith
mesh_terms: D003286:Contracture / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005542:Forearm / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D013709:Tendon Transfer / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome