title: Tidal volume and respiratory timing derived from a portable ventilation monitor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the accuracy of a portable magnetometer designed to measure tidal volume (VT), inspiratory time (TI), and expiratory time (TE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects breathed over a sixfold range of VTs while at rest (sitting and standing) and during treadmill exercise. We then compared VT, TI, and TE measured by magnetometry (VTmag, TImag, and TEmag) with VT, TI, and TE measured by spirometry (VTspiro, TIspiro, and TEspiro, respectively).
  
  
  METHODS
  Pulmonary function and exercise physiology laboratories.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sternal-umbilical distance and the anteroposterior displacements of the rib cage and abdomen were measured with two pairs of magnetometer coils. VT was calculated from the sum of these three signals, and was simultaneously measured using a spirometer or flow meter. A total of 1,111 breaths were analyzed for the resting condition, and 1,163 breaths were analyzed for the exercise condition. We found that VTmag was highly correlated with VTspiro at rest (R2 = 0.90) and during exercise (R2 = 0.79) for pooled data. The slope of this relationship approached the line of identity. The mean percentage differences between VTmag and VTspiro were 10.1 +/- 6.6% at rest and 13.5 +/- 8.6% with exercise. By Bland-Altman analysis, the mean differences between VTmag and VTspiro were 38 mL at rest with changes in posture, and 182 mL during exercise. TImag and TIspiro values and TEmag and TEspiro values also were highly correlated (R2 = 0.97 and R2 = 0.95, respectively) for pooled data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A portable magnetometer system can give useful measures of VT, TI, and TE over a wide range of VTs in sitting, standing, and exercising subjects.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Memorial Hospital of Rhode Island, and Brown University Medical School, Pawtucket, RI 02809, USA. F_McCool@Brown.edu
authors.forename: F Dennis
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: McCool
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kristi L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Ebi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008280:Magnetics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology; D012119:Respiration; D013147:Spirometry; D013990:Tidal Volume; D013997:Time Factors