title: Host genetic polymorphism analysis in cervical cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The natural history of cervical cancer comprises a latency period that probably involves long-term immunologic tolerance of human papillomavirus infection. Identifying host determinants of viral persistence may help to better understand the mechanisms of tolerance and may lead to the development of tests that can allow more focused follow-up of high-risk individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotypic frequencies of 12 polymorphic loci in four candidate genes from 127 cervical cancer patients were compared with a control group of 108 female blood donors. Genotypes were determined by PCR amplification and direct sequencing of isolated genomic DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) -238 polymorphism was significantly underrepresented in cervical cancer patients [heterozygotes (HETs), odds ratio (OR) = 0.33; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.11-0.96], as was the TNFalpha -376 polymorphism (P = 0.02; 0% for any variant genotype in cases vs 4.7% in controls). The NRAMP1 3' untranslated region STP+86 polymorphism also appeared to be inversely associated with cervical cancer, but this result did not reach statistical significance (HET, OR = 0.57; 95% CI, 0.32-1.02). The p53 codon 72 arginine allele showed a suggestive negative association with cervical cancer (HET, OR = 0.49; 95% CI, 0.14-1.63; homozygotes, OR = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.11-1.17). The remaining alleles tested showed no association with cervical cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified host genetic polymorphisms that may be associated with cervical cancer risk, some of which have been linked to potential functional effects on cellular immune responses or antigen processing. We failed to confirm earlier reports of increased cervical cancer susceptibility in women who harbor the p53 P72R allele. Although our findings support the general hypothesis that host immunogenetic determinants other than class II MHC may be important in the development of cervical cancer, further analysis of the HLA gene cluster comprising the implicated TNFalpha single-nucleotide polymorphisms will be required to determine whether their association is linkage independent.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Eric S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Calhoun
authors.forename: Renee M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: McGovern
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Janney
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cerhan
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Iturria
authors.forename: David I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Bobbie S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Gostout
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Persing
mesh_terms: D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D000099173:Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein 1; D000099236:Solute Carrier Family 11, Member 2
chemical_list: D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000099173:Natural Resistance-associated Macrophage Protein 1; D000099236:Solute Carrier Family 11, Member 2