title: Eradication of Helicobacter pylori may reduce disease severity in rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A triggering infectious agent has long been postulated in rheumatoid arthritis. Data on the possible role of Helicobacter pylori infection are lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of H. pylori eradication in patients with rheumatoid arthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight adult patients with established rheumatoid arthritis and dyspeptic symptoms were recruited - 28 were H. pylori-positive and 30 were H. pylori-negative on the basis of invasive tests. All infected patients were treated successfully. We evaluated the disease activity using clinical and laboratory parameters at baseline and every 4 months during 2 years, and compared the variations in the two subgroups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  H. pylori-eradicated rheumatoid arthritis patients showed progressive improvement over time (P < 0.0001) of all clinical indices compared with baseline, whereas H. pylori-negative rheumatoid arthritis patients remained substantially unchanged. After 2 years, H. pylori-eradicated rheumatoid arthritis patients differed significantly (P < 0.04-0.0001) from patients without H. pylori infection in terms of improvement of all clinical parameters. At the same time point, several laboratory indices (erythrocyte sedimentation rate, fibrinogen, alpha2-globulins and antinuclear antibody) showed significantly lower values (P < 0.02-0.0003) in the H. pylori-eradicated subgroup compared to the H. pylori-negative subgroup.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that H. pylori infection is implicated in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis, in that its eradication may induce a significant improvement of disease activity over 24 months. H. pylori eradication seems to be advantageous in infected rheumatoid arthritis patients, but controlled studies are needed.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Specialità Mediche, Cattedra di Gastroenterologia, Università di Genova, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zentilin
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Seriolo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dulbecco
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caratto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Iiritano
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fasciolo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bilardi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mansi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Savarino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002097:C-Reactive Protein