Unexpected toxicity after low-dose docetaxel treatment of a cancer patient with clinically latent HCV-positive hepatic cirrhosis.
We report a case with unexpected toxicity after low-dose docetaxel chemotherapy. The patient had a history of clinically latent HCV-positive hepatic cirrhosis when she presented with inoperable pulmonary adenocarcinoma. She was recruited in a protocol combining standard radiotherapy (RT) with docetaxel (30 mg/m2 week). On day 7, after the 1st docetaxel infusion, grade III neutropenia (980 neutrophils), grade II platelet toxicity (90,000/ml) and lymphopenia (486/ml) had developed. Chemotherapy and RT were interrupted and the neutrophil counts were partially restored (1400/ml), while the platelet counts were back to normal (140,000/ml) and the lymphocyte counts were further reduced (320/ml), on day 15. Bilateral leg oedema and hair loss appreared. On day 21, there was a full restoration of neutrophil counts (1890/ml), while there was persistent lymphocytopenia (300/ml). Alopecia grade III was now evident. Dysphagia grade II complicated with fungal oropharyngeal infection appeared on day 24 (24 Gy of RT). One more dose of docetaxel of 30 mg/m2 was given on day 36 Grade II neutropenia (1050/ml) and grade III platelet toxicity (48,000/ml) were observed 14 days after the second docetaxel dose, while dysphagia grade II appeared once again. After a one-week delay, RT was continued to a total dose of 54 Gy. Liver function tests remained unchanged throughout the treatment. Post-RT CT-scan of the chest and upper abdomen showed complete response of the lung lesion. We suggest that, when docetaxel is chosen to treat cancer patients with HCV-positive hepatic cirrhosis, a starting dose schedule reduced by at least 50% should be considered before escalating to the standard dose.
Koukourakis
Michael I
MI
Department of Radiotherapy/Oncology, Democritus University of Thrace, Alexandroupolis, Greece. targ@her.forthnet.gr
Kapsoritakis
Andreas
A
Maltezos
Efstratios
E
Potamiano
Spiridon
S
Mouzas
Ioannis
I
Kouroumalis
Helias
H
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity*; D000077143:Docetaxel; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008231:Lymphopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity*; D043823:Taxoids
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D017239:Paclitaxel