title: [Vomiting as a first neurological sign of brain tumors in children].
abstract: Four children (two boys aged 1.5 and 10 years and two girls aged 2 and 9 years) vomited for one-half to four weeks. In one child, ataxia was later also noted and another tilted his head constantly to the left, but this was initially not alarming. In all four cases CT revealed a brain tumour, for which they were operated. Postoperatively, one child had residual tumour tissue that caused no further problems, in two children the tumour was completely excised with no further symptoms and no recurrence in the following 2 years, and in one child complete excision was not possible so that chemotherapy and radiotherapy were given, but metastases nevertheless developed 10 months later and the child died. Vomiting is common in children and in most cases the result of infectious or gastrointestinal causes. Intracranial pathology also can cause vomiting, both by increased intracranial pressure and by direct stimulation of the vomiting centre in the brainstem. Brain tumours in children often lack specific neurological signs in their clinical presentation. Intractable or chronic vomiting without nausea or deregulation of the water and electrolyte balance could therefore indicate the presence of an intracranial process, even when other neurological signs are absent.
authors.affiliation: Afd. Kindergeneeskunde, Sint Lucas Andreas Ziekenhuis, Postbus 9243, 1006 AE Amsterdam. k.ramaker@slaz.nl
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Bos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramaker
authors.forename: W J R
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: van Ouwerkerk
authors.forename: W H J P
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Linssen
authors.forename: B H M
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Wolf
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D001933:Brain Stem; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009325:Nausea; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology*