title: Observations from Ground Zero at the World Trade Center in New York City, Part II: Theoretical and clinical considerations.
abstract: Part I of this series discussed our observations of Ground Zero of the World Trade Center (WTC) immediately after the attack on September 11, 2001, as well as the stress-response of police officers on site. This paper offers a variety of clinical techniques for emergency mental health practitioners and first responders for use with victims of critical incidents. The suggested interventions are based on the theory and clinical practice of Emergency Medical Hypnosis, Neuro-Linguistic Programming, and Ericksonian Psychotherapy. Specific examples of how they were applied with police personnel following the World Trade Center attack are provided along with specific clinical guidelines. These interventions are designed to augment and enhance standard CISM, mental health, and medical practice in the field.
authors.forename: Judith K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Acosta
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Levenson
mesh_terms: D000401:Aircraft; D003419:Crisis Intervention; D004190:Disasters; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis; D020557:Neurolinguistic Programming; D009519:New York City; D011613:Psychotherapy; D012066:Relief Work; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D023481:Terrorism / Q000523:psychology*