Early response of guinea-pig lungs to Trichinella spiralis infection.
In order to assess immunological response, induced in guinea-pig lungs by Trichinella spiralis, cellular infiltration into pulmonary alveolar space and production of O(2)(-) and NO in alveolar macrophages obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), as well as accumulation of nitric oxide (NO) metabolites in BALF and serum, were evaluated during the early period of primary T. spiralis infection (from 4th to 8th and on 14th day after oral administration of larvae) and on 6th day after secondary infection. Primary infection caused increased infiltration of lymphocytes, macrophages, neutrophils and eosinophils, while secondary infection resulted in raised lymphocyte and eosinophil numbers. In spite of marked cellular infiltration of alveolar space, only very limited activation of effector cells, pointing to a suppressed innate response, was apparent, as (i) BALF supernatant phospholipid/protein concentration ratio, and lung levels of phospholipid peroxidation markers, conjugated dienes and malondialdehyde, did not change during 7 days following infection; (ii) primary, but not secondary, infection caused only a transient increase of superoxide anion production by alveolar macrophages; (iii) despite expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase in macrophages of control, infected and BCG-treated animals, and of interferon (IFN)-gamma-like activity in sera of infected animals, macrophage nitric oxide production was not affected by infection, even after additional stimulation in vitro (lipopolisaccharide + hrIFN-gamma) or in vivo (BCG or secondary T. spiralis infection); and (iv) increased nitrate concentrations were found in BALF supernatant and serum, but not in lung homogenates, of infected animals.
Dzik
Jolanta M
JM
Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warszawa, Poland. rode@nencki.gov.pl
Gołos
Barbara
B
Jagielska
Elzbieta
E
Kapała
Agnieszka
A
Wałajtys-Rode
Elzbieta
E
D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000276:immunology*; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology
D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse