title: Colonization of voice prostheses by albicans and non-albicans Candida species.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of the study were to assess the colonization of tracheoesophageal voice prostheses by albicans and non-albicans Candida species and to determine their susceptibility for three antimycotics that are frequently used for prophylaxis or treatment of oral candidiasis (i.e., miconazole, fluconazole, and nystatin).
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 101 patients, corresponding to 170 voice prostheses, were monitored over a period of 28 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  An enzymatic two-step method was used for differentiation and presumptive identification of Candida species colonizing the voice prostheses. The identity of the isolates was confirmed by the germ-tube test, morphological appearance on cornmeal agar with 0.5% Tween 80, sugar assimilation tests, and appearance on CHROMagar Candida (CHROMagar Co., Paris), Albicans ID (BioMérieux Vitek, Hazelwood, MO), and Fluoroplate Candida (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany). Susceptibility testing for miconazole, fluconazole, and nystatin was performed according to the microdilution method of the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The predominant species isolated were Candida albicans (41.4%), Candida glabrata (33.1%), Candida krusei (15.9%), and Candida tropicalis (5.3%). A broad range of minimal inhibitory concentrations of the isolates was observed for miconazole and fluconazole. In contrast, minimal inhibitory concentration values for nystatin were narrowly distributed around 4 microg/mL for all isolates, suggesting uniform sensitivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data on the prevalence and susceptibility of yeast isolates will contribute to a rational choice of an antimycotic for prophylaxis of the early deterioration and leakage of tracheoesophageal voice prostheses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Ghent University, Belgium.
authors.forename: Tiene G M
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Bauters
authors.forename: Mieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moerman
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vermeersch
authors.forename: Hans J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Nelis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002175:Candida; D002176:Candida albicans; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007831:Larynx, Artificial / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D008825:Miconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009761:Nystatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015995:Prevalence; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D009761:Nystatin; D008825:Miconazole; D015725:Fluconazole