title: Preoperative evidence of circulating tumor cells by means of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction for carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA is an independent predictor of survival in non-small cell lung cancer: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a prospective study of 103 consecutive patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent a curative lobectomy to test whether circulating tumor cells detected in the peripheral blood by means of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA is a prognostic indicator independent of tumor stage in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assayed for carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA by means of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood taken at the time of diagnosis before an operation and again 2 to 3 weeks after an operation from patients with non-small cell lung cancer who underwent a curative lobectomy between March 1996 and April 1998. We analyzed the prognostic value of carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA expression in the patients with non-small cell lung cancer in a univariate and multivariate manner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA in the preoperative blood samples had a poor survival when compared with those without carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA. Of these patients, the worst survival was seen in those with carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA in the postoperative blood samples. The multivariate stepwise analysis selected the preoperative carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA expression (P =.0004; relative risk, 0.21) and the pathologic stage of disease (P =.0002; relative risk, 1.43) as the independent prognostic factors for survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The molecular detection of carcinoembryonic antigen messenger RNA in the preoperative peripheral blood is an independent prognostic factor in patients with non-small cell lung cancer who undergo a curative operation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan. yamaj@kaiju.medic.kumamoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Akinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurusu
authors.forename: Tetsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saishoji
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D012333:RNA, Messenger