title: [Gasless laparoscopy-assisted live donor nephrectomy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated both efficacy and feasibility of laparoscopy-assisted live donor nephrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since September 2000, 11 living kidney donors (2 males and 9 females) underwent laparoscopy-assisted live donor nephrectomy. All of sides were left. Gasless surgery was performed with a 7 cm pararectal upper abdominal incision and three trocars via a retroperitoneal approach. After creating the working space using balloon dissection technique, the abdominal wall was lifted using a metal retractor attached to the margin of the abdominal incision. Additionally, a metal plate, which was attached to the abdominal wall inside, was raised. The surgeon dissected left kidney from the skin incision under both direct vision and magnificated view on the monitor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operating time, estimated blood loss and warm ischemic time were a mean of 209 minutes, 219 g, and 4.2 minutes, respectively. The mean times for the return to a normal diet and unassisted ambulation were 1.3 and 1.8 days, respectively. One case required blood transfusion due to subcutaneous hematoma at trocar entry site on the second day after surgery, in the remaining 10 cases there were no complications. All of donated kidneys achieved immediate function after engraftment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gasless laparoscopy-assisted donor nephrectomy is recommended and advantageous for healthy kidney donors as a minimally invasive method.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Course of Biological Function and Medical Control, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryusuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Shigenori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurumada
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komeyama
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*