title: Errors produced on the mini-mental state examination and neuropsychological test performance in Alzheimer's disease, ischemic vascular dementia, and Parkinson's disease.
abstract: The authors investigated whether MMSE indices designed to measure temporal and physical orientation, declarative memory, language, working memory, and motor/constructional function could differentiate patients with different dementia diagnoses: Alzheimer's disease (AD), ischemic vascular dementia (IVD), or Parkinson's disease (PD). MMSE summary scores did not differ (AD, 21.4; IVD, 21.1; PD, 22.3). The AD group scored lower than IVD or PD on temporal orientation and declarative memory, IVD lower than AD on motor/ constructional and working memory. The IVD and PD groups made more errors in writing a sentence and copying intersecting pentagons. Significant correlations were found between the orientation indices and neuropsychological tests of naming and memory, and between the working memory and motor/constructional indices and tests of executive control. Such analyses of MMSE performance could assist in formulating referral questions for cognitive assessment and in tracking the course of dementing illnesses.
authors.affiliation: Neuropsychology Program, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Angela L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Jefferson
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Cosentino
authors.forename: Susan K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bogdanoff
authors.forename: Norman
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Leopold
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Libon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D010054:Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric