title: Blood pressure response after two-step exercise as a powerful predictor of hypertension: the Osaka Health Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between blood pressure at 4 min after exercise using a Master's two-step and the risk for hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Work site in Osaka, Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 6557 Japanese men, aged 35-63 years with systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 140 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) < 90 mmHg, and no history of hypertension or diabetes at baseline.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood pressure was measured by standard techniques, using 160/95 mmHg for diagnosis of hypertension. Normotension was defined as no history of hypertension, and SBP < 130 mmHg and DBP < 85 mmHg. High normal blood pressure was defined as no history of hypertension and SBP >or= 130 and < 140 mmHg or DBP >or= 85 and < 90 mmHg.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 63 696 person-years follow-up period, we confirmed 660 cases of hypertension. SBP and DBP after exercise were associated with an increased risk for developing hypertension. The multiple-adjusted relative risk for SBP and DBP after exercise were 1.55 per 10 mmHg (confidence interval, 1.42-1.69) and 1.55 per 10 mmHg (confidence interval, 1.42-1.69), respectively. These associations were independent of resting SBP and DBP. Even after stratifying subjects according to blood pressure at rest, SBP or DBP at 4 min after exercise was associated with an increased risk for hypertension in subjects with normotension or high normal blood pressure at rest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The blood pressure response after exercise with a two-step was associated with an increased risk for hypertension, independently of resting blood pressures.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Internal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School, Osaka, Japan. tmrk@med.osaka-cu.med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsumura
authors.forename: Tomoshige
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Ginji
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors