title: Modulation of folliculogenesis and steroidogenesis in women by graded menotrophin administration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To test the effects of progressively decreasing dosages of exogenous LH we combined various amounts of HMG, containing FSH, LH and HCG, and highly purified (HP) FSH to treat 120 GnRH agonist-suppressed infertile female patients as candidates for controlled ovarian stimulation (COS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were randomly assigned to four treatment groups that received the following daily i.m. gonadotrophin regimens: A, FSH 150 IU only; B, FSH 150 IU and LH activity 37.5 IU; C, FSH 150 IU and LH activity 75 IU; D, FSH 150 IU and LH activity 150 IU. FSH dose adjustments were allowed only after the 14th treatment day. Monitoring included transvaginal ultrasound at 2-day intervals and daily determinations of LH, FSH, estradiol (E(2)), progesterone, testosterone and HCG.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Duration of COS was significantly shortened in patients receiving at least 75 IU daily of LH activity. Small (<10 mm diameter) pre-ovulatory ovarian follicle occurrence was inversely correlated with LH activity dose administered (r = -0.648, P < 0.0001) and serum HCG levels (r = -0.272, P < 0.01) but not to serum LH levels. Serum testosterone levels were positively correlated to the LH activity dose administered (r = 0.313, P < 0.001), while serum progesterone levels were positively correlated to the FSH dose administered (r = 0.447, P < 0.00001) but not to the LH activity dose administered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Firstly, HCG content considerably contributes to HMG activity; secondly, menotrophin LH activity content can reduce in a dose-dependent manner the occurrence of small pre-ovulatory follicles; and finally, contrary to common belief, enhanced FSH stimulation rather than LH activity appears to cause premature follicle luteinization during COS.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Endocrinology Centre, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. filicori@med.unibo.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filicori
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Cognigni
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pocognoli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tabarelli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spettoli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taraborrelli
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ciampaglia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006728:Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008596:Menotropins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D006728:Hormones; D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; D008596:Menotropins; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone