title: Primary inverted papilloma of the middle ear and mastoid.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inverted papilloma (Schneiderian-type papilloma), involving the middle ear and mastoid as a primary lesion or as an extension of a sinonasal papilloma, is an extremely rare occurrence.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study design was a case report format with a review of the literature. Epidemiologic, diagnostic, therapeutic and follow-up problems are discussed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic, tertiary referral hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient underwent Wullstein type I tympanoplasty and complete mastoidectomy, revealing obliteration of the pneumatic cells by polypoid tissue. The middle ear was completely filled by polypoid tissue. Histopathologic examination revealed an inverted papilloma of the middle ear and mastoid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Literature reports indicate that inverted papillomas of the middle ear and mastoid differ pathogenically and epidemiologically from sinonasal inverted papillomas. Recurrence rates and association with squamous cell carcinoma are higher in Schneiderian-type papillomas of the middle ear than in inverted papillomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses. Long-term follow-up after removal of inverted papilloma of the middle ear and mastoid is mandatory. Magnetic resonance imaging is the first follow-up examination to perform.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Institute of Radiology, University of Padua, Via Giustiniani 2, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Cosimo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Filippis
authors.forename: Gino
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marioni
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tregnaghi
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marino
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaio
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Staffieri
mesh_terms: D004428:Ear Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008416:Mastoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018308:Papilloma, Inverted / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012888:Skull Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014433:Tympanoplasty