title: Defects in caveolin-1 cause dilated cardiomyopathy and pulmonary hypertension in knockout mice.
abstract: Caveolins are important components of caveolae, which have been implicated in vesicular trafficking and signal transduction. To investigate the in vivo significance of Caveolins in mammals, we generated mice deficient in the caveolin-1 (cav-1) gene and have shown that, in the absence of Cav-1, no caveolae structures were observed in several nonmuscle cell types. Although cav-1(-/-) mice are viable, histological examination and echocardiography identified a spectrum of characteristics of dilated cardiomyopathy in the left ventricular chamber of the cav-1-deficient hearts, including an enlarged ventricular chamber diameter, thin posterior wall, and decreased contractility. These animals also have marked right ventricular hypertrophy, suggesting a chronic increase in pulmonary artery pressure. Direct measurement of pulmonary artery pressure and histological analysis revealed that the cav-1(-/-) mice exhibit pulmonary hypertension, which may contribute to the right ventricle hypertrophy. In addition, the loss of Cav-1 leads to a dramatic increase in systemic NO levels. Our studies provided in vivo evidence that cav-1 is essential for the control of systemic NO levels and normal cardiopulmonary function.
authors.affiliation: University of California at San Diego, Institute of Molecular Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, BSB 0623, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: You-Yang
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Radu-Virgil
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Stan
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yusu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dalton
authors.forename: Po-Hsien
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Kirk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Chien
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051242:Caveolin 1; D022461:Caveolins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D017384:Sequence Deletion
chemical_list: C495541:Cav1 protein, mouse; D051242:Caveolin 1; D022461:Caveolins; D012333:RNA, Messenger