title: [Pulmonary histiocytosis, then bronchiolo-alveolar cancer in HIV-1 infection].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Langerhans cell pulmonary histiocytosis is a rare disease, primarily enhanced by smoking, and of unclear mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 42 year-old man, smoking 25 packs-years, was infected by a type 1 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1). He successively developed pulmonary emphysema, Langerhans cell pulmonary histiocytosis and alveolar bronchial carcinoma of the lower right pulmonary lobe, which was fatal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We discuss the concomitance of pulmonary histiocytosis and alveolar bronchial carcinoma, exceptional in the literature, and the eventual enhancing role of HIV-1 infection. The principal incriminating factor in pulmonary histiocytosis probably remains smoking, but the HIV-1 infection may have participated in the emergence of the neoplastic pathology.
authors.affiliation: Clinique médicale A, service d'immunologie clinique-médecine interne, Hôpital Civil, 1, place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuhnert
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Humblot
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaouat
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lalanne
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pasquali
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Korganow
mesh_terms: D002282:Adenocarcinoma, Bronchiolo-Alveolar / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D003528:Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D015497:HIV-1; D006646:Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013906:Thoracoscopy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed