title: Animal experimentation in sciences: sadistic nonsense or indispensable necessity?
abstract: The history of biomedical research clearly shows that, with exception of a very few, scientific findings could be realised only with the help of animal experiments. Unfortunately, in the past the life of animals was treated negligently and, at times, in fact criminally. Only the researchers' willingness to apply ethical principles toward laboratory animals could create a climate in which research is opening up to constructive, active animal protection and is ready to co-operate through the implementations of such programmes as the 3R-principle into daily practice. Using a number of examples, the article at hand tries to show that the dimensions concerning animal protection is very old indeed and that only a change of consciousness by the public and in research has created a situation in which a gentler treatment of life and life conditions of laboratory animals could be realised. A further development of "constructive" animal protection within the industrialised nations is only possible with this back ground. Without such a development, biomedical research is bound for deficits in one way or another. It will be loosing it's medical and economical opportunities and with it, it's meaning for man.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Erlangen-Nuremberg, D-Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brune
mesh_terms: D032761:Animal Experimentation / Q000941:ethics / Q000266:history*; D000818:Animals; D001675:Bioethics / Q000266:history; D049668:History, 15th Century; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D012448:Sadism / Q000266:history