title: Cell adhesion molecule expression in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex in major depression in the elderly.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated changes in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in major depression.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the expression of cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) in the prefrontal cortex in depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry to localise CAMs in post-mortem tissue from 20 subjects with major depression and 20 controls, and image analysis to quantify their expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significant increases in CAMs in the grey matter of the DLPFC in the depression group but no comparable differences in the ACC or occipital cortex. In the white matter there was a non-significant increase in intercellular adhesion molecule-I in the DLPFC in the depression group but no increase in the other areas or for vascular cell adhesion molecule-I in any area. Paired tests showed specificity for the DLPFC in the depression group only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase in CAM expression in the DLPFC suggests an inflammatory reaction and is consistent with ischaemia.
authors.affiliation: Wolfson Research Centre, Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle General Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. a.j.thomas@ncl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: I Nicol
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Ferrier
authors.forename: Rajesh N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Kalaria
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000378:metabolism; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules