title: MR spectroscopy as a reliable diagnostic tool for localization of prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) is a new diagnostic tool which allows the detection of cellular metabolites. We assessed the usefulness of single- voxel MRS diagnosis for localization of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 10 patients with prostate cancer. We set I or 2 voxels at the peripheral zone (PZ) of the prostate where biopsy had confirmed adenocarcinoma. MRS provided metabolic information about citrate, creatine and choline levels. We calculated the ratio of these metabolites ([choline + creatine]/citrate) and judged areas where the metabolic ratio was greater than 0.86 as positive.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen out of 19 voxels showed a cancer pattern which indicated a high choline peak and low citrate peak The accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of MRS diagnosis of tumor localization were 84.2%, 81.3% and 100%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MRS is useful for the diagnosis of prostate cancer localization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Gunma University School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasumi
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Nariyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oya
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Yoshitatsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukabori
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D019343:Citric Acid; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline