title: Genetic diversity and technological properties of Streptococcus thermophilus strains isolated from dairy products.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the genetic diversity and the technological properties of 44 strains of Streptococcus thermophilus isolated from dairy products. Methods
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strains were analysed for some relevant technological properties, i.e. exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, growth kinetic in skim milk medium, urease activity and galactose fermentation. The EPS production, determined by evaluating the colour of the colonies grown in ruthenium red milk agar, was observed in 50% of the analysed strains. Urease activity, determined by colorimetric and conductimetric methods, showed that 91% of the isolates, all except four, could hydrolyse urea. A conductimetric approach was also used for the evaluation of the overall metabolic behaviour in milk of Strep. thermophilus strains and the differences observed allowed grouping of the strains in seven different clusters. A total of 11 strains were able to produce acid in presence of galactose. Genetic diversity of Streptococcus thermophilus strains, evaluated by Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA fingerprinting (RAPD) and amplified epsC-D restriction analysis, allowed the identification of 21 different genotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Comparison between the genotypic and phenotypic data highlights an interesting correlation between some important technological properties and well-defined genotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The genetic and technological characterization carried out on several Strep. thermophilus strains of dairy origin should expand the knowledge on this important lactic acid bacteria species and lead to a simple, rapid, and reliable identification of strains on the basis of well-defined biotechnological properties.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, sezione Microbiologia Industriale, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano and Istituto Sperimentale Lattiero Caseario, Lodi, Italy. diego.mora@unimi.it
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mora
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Fortina
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gatti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giraffa
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Manachini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003611:Dairy Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D007785:Lactose / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014510:Urease / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; C098632:exopolysaccharide, Streptococcus; D014510:Urease; D007785:Lactose