title: Coexistence of regional cerebral hypoxia with normal or hyperemic brain detected by global monitoring methods. Analysis of apparently contradictory findings based on the Siggaard-Andersen model of tissue hypoxia.
abstract: The aim of our study was to perform and in-depth analysis of several episodes of regional brain hypoxia detected by monitoring brain partial pressure of oxygen (PtiO2) in which simultaneous measurements of cerebral oxygen extraction fraction (O2EF) suggested a normally perfused or even a hyperemic brain. To gain deeper insight into these episodes, we used the model of tissue hypoxia described by Siggaard-Andersen. In 244 simultaneous measurements, 31 episodes (12.7%) of brain hypoxia (PtiO2 < or = 15 mmHg) were detected simultaneously with an O2EF within the normal range or below the lowest normal percentile. Using Siggaard-Andersen methodology, we classified 6 episodes (19%) as high-affinity hypoxia and 25 (81%) as shunt hypoxia or dysperfusion hypoxia. Siggaard-Andersen's comprehensive classification of tissue hypoxia can be used as an integrative model to build coherent algorithms for diagnosing and managing neurocritical patients that are at risk of brain hypoxia due to either intracranial or extracranial conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Vall d'Hebron University Hospitals, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sahuquillo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amorós
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Poca
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Mena
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ibañez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Báguena
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Domínguez
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D008959:Models, Neurological; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010313:Partial Pressure; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen