title: Association of SH2-containing inositol phosphatase 2 with the insulin resistance of diabetic db/db mice.
abstract: SH-2-containing inositol 5'-phosphatase 2 (SHIP-2) is a physiologically important lipid phosphatase that functions to hydrolyze phosphatidylinositol (PI) 3-kinase product PI(3,4,5)P3 to PI(3,4)P2 in the negative regulation of insulin signaling. We investigated whether SHIP-2 is associated with the insulin resistance of diabetic db/db mice. The amount of SHIP-2 protein was elevated in quadriceps muscle and epididymal fat tissue, but not in the liver, of db/db mice relative to that in control db/+m mice. In accordance with the enhanced expression of SHIP-2, its localization at the membrane preparation was increased in the skeletal muscle and fat tissue of db/db mice. Insulin stimulation of PI 3-kinase activity was modestly decreased in skeletal muscle, fat tissue, and liver of db/db mice compared with that of db/+m mice. In addition to the modest decrease at the level of PI 3-kinase, the activity of Akt and protein kinase C (PKC)-zeta/lambda, which are downstream molecules of PI 3-kinase, was more severely reduced in the skeletal muscle and fat tissue, but not in liver of db/db mice. Treatment with the insulin-sensitizing agent rosiglitazone decreased the elevated expression of SHIP-2 in the skeletal muscle and fat tissue of db/db mice. Insulin-induced Akt activation and PKC-zeta/lambda phosphorylation were restored to the control level, although insulin-stimulated PI 3-kinase activation was minimally affected in the skeletal muscle and fat tissue of db/db mice. These results indicate that SHIP-2 is a novel molecule associated with insulin resistance in the skeletal muscle and fat tissue, and that insulin-induced activity of the downstream molecules of PI 3-kinase is decreased, at least in part, by the elevated expression of SHIP-2 in diabetic db/db mice.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Medical & Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Toshiyasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaoka
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Shihou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishiki
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000201:enzymology; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004822:Epididymis; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000072183:Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D007527:Isoenzymes; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000072183:Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; C098706:INPPL1 protein, human