title: Neuroprotective effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor mediated by an adeno-associated virus vector in a transgenic animal model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.
abstract: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a relentlessly progressive lethal disease that involves selective annihilation of motoneurons. Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is proposed to be a promising therapeutic agent for ALS and other motor neuron diseases. Because adeno-associated virus (AAV) has been developed as an attractive gene delivery system with proven safety, we explored the therapeutic efficacy of intramuscular delivery of the GDNF gene mediated by an AAV vector (AAV-GDNF) in the G93A mouse model of ALS. We show here that AAV-GDNF leads to substantial and long-lasting expression of transgenic GDNF in a large number of myofibers with its accumulation at the sites of neuromuscular junctions. Detection of GDNF labeled with FLAG in the anterior horn neurons, but not beta-galactosidase expressed as a control, indicates that most of the transgenic GDNF observed there is retrogradely transported GDNF protein from the transduced muscles. This transgenic GDNF prevents motoneurons from their degeneration, preserves their axons innervating the muscle, and inhibits the treated-muscle atrophy. Furthermore, four-limb injection of AAV-GDNF postpones the disease onset, delays the progression of the motor dysfunction, and prolongs the life span in the treated ALS mice. Our finding thus indicates that AAV-mediated GDNF delivery to the muscle is a promising means of gene therapy for ALS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical School, Minamikawachi-machi, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yan-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeguchi
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mizukami
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hanazono
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kume
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagatsu
authors.forename: Keiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.forename: Imaharu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakano
mesh_terms: D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002452:Cell Count; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015870:Gene Expression; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics; D015996:Survival Rate; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: C495039:GDNF protein, human; C495040:Gdnf protein, mouse; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C109415:SOD1 G93A protein; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase