title: Pitch-synchronous changes in the anterior cricothyroid space during singing.
abstract: Pitch-synchronous changes in the anterior cricothyroid (CT) space were registered with ultrasonography (USG) for ten healthy subjects (5 males, 5 females) during the production of musical fifths throughout the whole voice range. One of the males and one of the females were trained amateur singers, the other subjects were choir singers. The average decrease in CT space per a musical fifth was 1.3-2.4 mm for the males and 1.0-1.8 mm for the females; the average decrease was smaller in the middle of the pitch range for both genders. The results suggest that (1) USG can be used for detection of pitch-synchronous changes in the CT space; (2) these changes are dependent on pitch range; and (3) more trained singers tend to have somewhat smaller changes than less trained subjects at certain frequencies. The results seem to indicate that F0 control mechanism varies according to pitch range and register, and possibly according to individual structure and vocal technique related differences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech Communication and Voice Research, University of Tampere, Finland. Anne-Maria.Laukkanen@uta.fi
authors.forename: Anne-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Laukkanen
authors.forename: Raija
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takalo
authors.forename: Miika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arvonen
authors.forename: Erkki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vilkman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007821:Laryngeal Muscles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D013068:Speech Production Measurement; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014833:Voice Quality