Three vitamins are involved in regulation of the circadian rhythm.
Photoreceptors in the eyes of mammals synchronize the innate circadian rhythm to the solar light-dark cycle. They differ from the photoreceptors serving vision in rods and cones of the retina and are located in the ganglion cells of the retina. They consist of melanopsin, a protein homologous to rhodopsin, with retinal as the light-sensitive prosthetic group; and cryptochromes 1 and 2, proteins combined with methenyltetrahydrofolate and flavin adenine dinucleotide, which function as blue light-sensitive photoreceptors.
Wolf
George
G
Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley 94720-4104, USA.
D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D056931:Cryptochromes; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide / Q000378:metabolism; D005420:Flavoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000502:physiology; D017956:Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D017299:Rod Opsins / Q000502:physiology; D013763:Tetrahydrofolates / Q000378:metabolism; D014815:Vitamins / Q000502:physiology*; D000099210:Melanopsin
D056931:Cryptochromes; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D005182:Flavin-Adenine Dinucleotide; D005420:Flavoproteins; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D017299:Rod Opsins; D013763:Tetrahydrofolates; D014815:Vitamins; D000099210:Melanopsin; C119828:cry protein, Drosophila; C018092:5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate