Secondary hormonal manipulation of prostate cancer.
Prostate cancer is the second leading cause of cancer mortality among men in Western countries. The initial treatment of advanced prostate cancer is suppression of testicular androgen production by medical or surgical castration, but nearly all men with metastases will develop disease progression. Patients with hormone-resistant prostate cancer (HRPC) have a median survival of approximately 18 months, and no therapy has yet demonstrated a definitive survival advantage. However, in the past several years, a number of promising new treatment strategies have emerged. One of the most important new treatment strategies involves secondary hormonal manipulation after the failure of primary androgen deprivation. This approach is predicated on the recognition that HRPC is a heterogeneous disease, and some patients may respond to alternative hormonal interventions despite the presence of castrate levels of testosterone.
Small
Eric J
EJ
Urologic Oncology Program, University of California, San Francisco Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Harris
Katherine A
KA
D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019233:Retreatment
D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010936:Plant Extracts; C114209:herbal preparation PC-SPES