Renal imaging in patients requiring renal replacement therapy.
Recent advances in imaging technology and interventional radiologic procedures have resulted in an increased variety of radiological techniques that can be used to assess patients who present with renal failure and require renal replacement therapy. This chapter provides an overview of the relative strengths and weaknesses of the available imaging methods. In particular, it covers the expanding role of the cross-sectional, noninvasive, multiplanar imaging techniques such as gray-scale and Doppler ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and angiography (MRA), and nonenhanced helical or multislice computed tomography (CT). These imaging methods are increasingly replacing those used in the past, such as the conventional radiographic urogram, which requires a high dose of intravenous contrast media, and digital subtraction arteriography. The chapter also covers the radiologic investigation of complications of acquired renal cystic disease, including renal cell carcinoma, hemorrhage, cyst infection and rupture, and nephrolithiasis.
Cowie
Alistair
A
Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Manchester Royal Infirmary, United Kingdom. agcowie1@hotmail.com
D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods
D003287:Contrast Media