Efficacy of quinupristin-dalfopristin in preventing vascular graft infection due to Staphylococcus epidermidis with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides.
A rat model was used to investigate the efficacy of quinupristin-dalfopristin (Q-D) in the prevention of vascular prosthetic graft infection due to methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis with intermediate resistance to glycopeptides. The in vitro activity of the compound was compared to that of vancomycin by MIC determination and time-kill study. Moreover, the efficacy of collagen-sealed Q-D-soaked Dacron was evaluated in a rat model of graft infection. Graft infections were established in the subcutaneous tissue of the backs of 120 adult male Wistar rats. The in vivo study included a control group, one contaminated group that did not receive any antibiotic prophylaxis, two contaminated groups that received grafts soaked with 10 and 100 micro g of Q-D per ml, respectively, and two contaminated groups that received grafts soaked with 10 and 100 micro g of vancomycin per ml, respectively. Rats that received Dacron grafts soaked with 100 micro g of Q-D per ml showed no evidence of infection (<10 CFU/ml). In contrast, for rats that received Dacron grafts soaked with 10 micro g of Q-D per ml and Dacron grafts soaked with 10 or 100 micro g of vancomycin per ml, the quantitative graft cultures demonstrated 2.2 x 10(2) +/- 1.3 x 10(2), 2.2 x 10(6) +/- 1.9 x 10(5), and 5.6 x 10(2) +/- 0.3 x 10(2) CFU/ml, respectively. Taken together the results of the study demonstrate that the use of Dacron grafts soaked with Q-D can result in significant bacterial growth inhibition and show that this compound is potentially valuable for prevention of vascular prosthetic graft infection.
Institute of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, University of Ancona, Italy. anconacmi@interfree.it
Andrea
A
Giacometti
Oscar
O
Cirioni
Roberto
R
Ghiselli
Fiorenza
F
Orlando
Federico
F
Mocchegiani
Alessandra
A
Riva
Maria Simona
MS
Del Prete
Vittorio
V
Saba
Giorgio
G
Scalise
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis; D020713:Vancomycin Resistance; D014769:Virginiamycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014769:Virginiamycin; C062940:quinupristin-dalfopristin