In-utero exposures and breast cancer risk: joint effect of estrogens and insulin-like growth factor?
Initial evidence from observational studies led to the suggestion that high maternal estrogens in-utero are central factors in the development of adult breast cancer. Subsequently, several studies attempted to illuminate this hypothesis, but few of the more detailed observational studies show a clear and strong association between prenatal estrogen exposure and breast cancer risk in adulthood. To date, the potential underlying biological mechanisms remain unclear and controversial. However, recent observations of a relation between insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and breast cancer risk may shed new light on the role of in-utero exposure, early growth, and risk of breast cancer. More research is needed to elucidate this potential mechanism.
Schernhammer
Eva S
ES
D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012307:Risk Factors
D004967:Estrogens; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I