[The effects of ionizing radiation on stem cells and hematopoietic progenitors: the place of apoptosis and the therapeutic potential of anti-apoptosis treatments].
Abstract: Bone marrow aplasia observed following ionizing radiation exposure (Total Body Irradiation; gamma dose range: 2-10 Gy) is a result, in particular, of the radiation-induced (RI) apoptosis in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC). We have previously shown in a baboon model of mobilized peripheral blood CD34+ cell irradiation in vitro that RI apoptosis in HSPC was an early event, mostly occurring within the first 24 hours, which involves the CD95 Fas pathway. Apoptosis may be significantly reduced with a combination of 4 cytokines (4F): Stem Cell Factor (SCF), FLT-3 Ligand (FL), thrombopoietin (TPO), and interleukin-3 (IL-3), each at 50 ng x mL(-1) (15% survival versus <3% untreated cells, 24 h post-irradiation at 2.5 Gy). In this study we show that addition of TNF-alpha(800 IU/ml) induces an increase in 4F efficacy in terms of cell survival 24 h after incubation (26% survival after 24 h irradiation exposure at 2.5 Gy) and amplification (k) of CD34+ cells after 6 days in a serum free culture medium (SFM) (kCD34+ = 4.3 and 6.3 respectively for 4F and successive 4F + TNF-a/ 4F treatments). In addition, the 4F combination allows culture on pre-established allogenic irradiated stromal cells in vitro at 4 Gy (kCD34+ = 4.5). Overall this study suggests (i) the potential therapeutic interest for an early administration of anti-apoptotic cytokines with or without hematopoiesis inhibitors (emergency cytokine therapy) and (ii) the feasibility in the accidentally irradiated individual, of autologous cell therapy based on ex vivo expansion in order to perform autograft of residual HSPC collected after the accident.
Unité de Radiohématologie expérimentale, Centre de Recherches du Service de Santé des Armdes, La Tronche, France. drouetmi@wanadoo.fr
M
M
Drouet
F
F
Mourcin
N
N
Grenier
J F
JF
Mayol
V
V
Leroux
F
F
Hérodin
J J
JJ
Sotto
D000818:Animals; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010215:Papio / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
D018952:Antigens, CD34; D016207:Cytokines