The possible differentiation of osteogenic elements in vitro from chick limb mesodermal cells. I. Morphological evidence.
In the developing chick limb bud, myogenic, fibrogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic tissues are derived from embryonic mesenchyme. Previous reports show that when stage 24 limb mesenchymal cells are cultured in vitro, chondrocytes, fibrocytes, and myocytes can be identified on the basis of morphological and biochemical parameters. The studies reported here clearly demonstrate that, in similar cultures, crystalline calcium phosphate material is deposited in the chondrocytic and fibrocytic matrices. Such crystalline material is not observed before Day 10 of culture life. Subsequent to Day 10 of culture, first amorphous, then crystalline calcium phosphate is observed. On the basis of light and electron microscopic analysis, it appears that the in vitro calcification phenomenon closely resembles the morphological and temporal sequence of osteogenesis observed in vivo.
Biology Department, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
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D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D002356:Cartilage / Q000196:embryology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002642:Chick Embryo; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005404:Fixatives; D018878:Limb Buds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008648:Mesoderm; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D008903:Minerals / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D005404:Fixatives; D008903:Minerals; C485828:alpha-tricalcium phosphate; C485830:tetracalcium phosphate; C485838:calcium phosphate, monobasic, anhydrous; C020243:calcium phosphate; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; C485829:calcium phosphate, dibasic, anhydrous