Single nucleotide polymorphisms of estrogen receptor alpha in human renal cell carcinoma.
Estrogens and their receptors (ERs) have been shown to play a role in various cancers. We hypothesize that polymorphisms and genotypic changes of the ERalpha gene are involved in renal cell carcinoma. To test this hypothesis, DNA samples from 113 cases of human renal cell cancer were analyzed by sequence-specific polymerase chain reaction to determine the genotypic frequency of six different polymorphic loci on ERalpha gene (codon 10 T-->C, codon 87 G-->C, codon 243 C-->T, codon 325 C-->G, codon 594 G-->A, and intron 1 C-->T). The relative risk of variant genotype was calculated by comparison with 200 healthy controls. The results of this study demonstrate that the distribution of genotypes on codon 10 differs between renal cancer patients and healthy normal controls (p<0.05). The relative risk of the genotype 10C/C was calculated as 2.51. No differences in genotypes were observed at all other loci. We also analyzed DNA from pairs of cancerous and normal tissues from 96 cases of human renal cell cancer to characterize genotypic changes at these loci. Genotypic changes were detected in nine cancer samples on exon 1 (codons 10 and 87) of ERalpha, although none were detected at other regions. The present study demonstrates for the first time that codon 10 polymorphism on exon 1 of ERalpha may be involved in renal cancer risk.
Tanaka
Yuichiro
Y
Department of Urology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, University of California at San Francisco, 4150 Clement Street, 94121-1545, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Sasaki
Masahiro
M
Kaneuchi
Masanori
M
Fujimoto
Seiichiro
S
Dahiya
Rajvir
R
D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics*
D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen