Effects of antioxidants on surfactant peroxidation by stimulated human polymorphonuclear leukocytes.
Production of oxygen radicals by stimulated phagocytes followed by surfactant lipid peroxidation (LPO) and loss of surfactant function have all been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute lung injury. We studied the interactions between natural lung surfactant (Curosurf) and neutrophils in vitro, and compared various antioxidants; (superoxide dismutase (SOD), vitamin E, vitamin C, ebselen and melatonin), or combinations of them in duplicate and triplicate regarding their ability to decrease superoxide production and the peroxidation level of surfactant caused by activated phagocytes. The superoxide production of neutrophils activated by Candida albicans was measured with the nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) test. The subsequent LPO was estimated as the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and 4-hydroxyalkenals (4-HNE). We found that lung surfactant decreased the superoxide production by activated neutrophils (29.7%) and that Curosurf was peroxidized with elevated MDA/4-HNE values. With supplements of antioxidants (except vitamin C), superoxide radical production and the surfactant LPO level fell in a dose-dependent manner. The protective effect of the antioxidants differed in each test. SOD had a slight effect in both tests. The findings with vitamin E, melatonin and ebselen were similar. The best combination was that of a natural and a synthetic antioxidant (melatonin-ebselen) with a 60% decrease in comparison to the corresponding control. These findings suggest that antioxidants, particularly in combination, prevent LPO of lung surfactant.
Department of Immunology, Microbiology and Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge University Hospital, S-14186 Stockholm, Sweden.
Rabea K L
RK
Bouhafs
Connie
C
Jarstrand
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001393:Azoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D001688:Biological Products; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D054833:Isoindoles; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008550:Melatonin / Q000494:pharmacology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium / Q000378:metabolism; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology; D013552:Swine; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology
D000975:Antioxidants; D001393:Azoles; D001688:Biological Products; D054833:Isoindoles; D016566:Organoselenium Compounds; D010743:Phospholipids; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014810:Vitamin E; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium; C042986:ebselen; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D008550:Melatonin; C068291:poractant alfa; D001205:Ascorbic Acid