Serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1, and soluble interleukin-1 receptor antagonist in patients with thyroid eye disease undergoing treatment with somatostatin analogues.
The aim of this prospective, randomized study was to investigate the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), and soluble interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (sIL-1RA) in patients with thyroid eye disease (TED) before and 1 and 3 months after treatment with somatostatin analogues (SM-a). Thirty patients, all with signs and symptoms of TED, were studied. Twenty-two patients (13 females) had active eye disease with a clinical activity score (CAS) > or = 4 (patients with active disease [PA]) and 8 patients (5 females) had inactive TED with CAS < or = 3 (patients with inactive disease [PI]). All PA patients had a positive orbital octreoscan, whereas PI patients had a negative one. Fifteen patients from the PA group were selected randomly and received SM-a (PA-S subgroup), while the remaining 7 patients were used as control subgroup (PA-C), received neither therapy, nor placebo. From the 15 patients who received SM-a (PA-S), 6 received octreotide (OCT) and 9 lanreotide (LRT). TED was reevaluated using the CAS 1 and 3 months after the initiation of SM-a treatment. Ten healthy individuals (6 females) were used as controls (group C). We found an increase in the basal levels of TNF-alpha (14.2 +/- 7.1 pg/mL), sICAM-1 (809.1 +/- 167.0 ng/mL), and sIL-1RA (542.1 +/- 259.0 pg/mL) in PA patients as a total group compared with the PI (1.6 +/- 1.9, 676.8 +/- 73.4, 267.6 +/- 152.8, respectively) group and C (1.9 +/- 1.4, 598.0 +/- 126.2, 258.6 +/- 155.1, respectively). The basal levels of TNF-alpha (13.3 +/- 8.3 pg/mL) and sIL-1RA (533.7 +/- 308.9 pg/mL) in PA-S as well as in PA-C (16.0 +/- 2.9, 560.2 +/- 107.3, respectively) subgroups were also increased compared with PI patients and C (1.9 +/- 1.4 and 258.6 +/- 155.1, respectively). The same was true for sICAM-1 when baseline levels compared with C (817.1 +/- 187.3 and 791.9 +/- 123.5, respectively vs. 598.0 +/- 126.2 ng/mL). After SM-a, serum levels of sICAM-1 and sVCAM-1 were decreased significantly 1 (781.2 +/- 205.9, 1,193.5 +/- 511.8 ng/mL) and 3 months (786.8 +/- 199.6, 1,122.1 +/- 225.3 ng/mL) after the initiation of treatment. In conclusion, serum levels of TNF-a, sICAM-1, and sIL-1RA were elevated in patients with active TED compared to controls. Furthermore, sICAM-1 and sVICAM-1 levels declined during the treatment with SM-a in patients with active TED.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Panagia Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. Krassas@the.forthnet.gr
G E
GE
Krassas
N
N
Pontikides
D
D
Doukidis
G
G
Heufelder
A E
AE
Heufelder
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006728:Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015282:Octreotide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D012995:Solubility; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D006728:Hormones; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; C060347:lanreotide; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D013004:Somatostatin; D015282:Octreotide