A study to compare the reliability of composite finger flexion with goniometry for measurement of range of motion in the hand.
OBJECTIVE
To establish the intra- and inter-rater reliability of composite finger flexion (CFF), and to compare this with goniometry.


METHODS
Fifty-one physiotherapists and occupational therapists took part in the study. The hand of a normal subject was splinted in three different positions. Using a goniometer and a ruler alternately, each therapist measured both the proximal interphalangeal joint and CFF of three digits, following a standardized protocol. This process was repeated three times.


METHODS
Eighteen NHS hospital sites in the UK.


RESULTS
The two measurement methods produced different ranges and standard deviations for each digit. The repeatability coefficient shows that repeated intra-rater goniometric measures fall within 4-5 degrees of each other 95% of the time. Inter-rater goniometric measures fall within 7-9 degrees. Repeated intra-rater CFF measures fall within 5-6 mm of each other, whereas inter-rater fall within 7-9 mm. The influence of occupation, experience in hand therapy, years of practice and routine use were found to have no effect on reliability. Scaling of the two methods of measurement allowed comparison between them to be made. CFF and goniometry are equally reliable when comparing inter-rater reliability, but goniometry displays less variability than composite finger flexion for intra-rater measurements.


CONCLUSIONS
In this study involving a subject with normal joints, goniometry is more reliable than CFF when only one measurer is involved. However, CFF may be a useful alternative where multiple joint measures are required, or when goniometry is impracticable.
Ellis
Bridget
B
School of Health Professions & Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK. rse@soton.ac.uk
Bruton
Anne
A
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005384:Finger Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015588:Observer Variation; D018583:Pliability; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity