Effects of a fixed mixture of 25% insulin lispro and 75% NPL on plasma glucose during and after moderate physical exercise in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the plasma glucose (PG) response with a fixed mixture of 25% insulin lispro and 75% NPL (Mix25), prior to a meal and 3 h before exercise, to human insulin 30/70 (30/70) in patients with type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
Thirty-seven patients were treated in a randomized, open-label, 8-week, two-period crossover study. Mix25 was injected 5 min before breakfast and dinner throughout the study, as was 30/70 on inpatient test days and on outpatient dose titration days. Following the 4-week outpatient phase, patients were hospitalized, and exercised at a heart rate of 120 beats/min on a cycle ergometer two times for 30 min, separated by 30 min rest, starting 3 h after a 339 kcal breakfast.


RESULTS
The 2-h postprandial PG was significantly lower with Mix25 ((mean +/- SEM) 10.5 +/- 0.4 mmol/l vs 11.6 +/- 0.4 mmol/l; p = 0.016). Maximum decrease in PG from onset of exercise to end of exercise was significantly less with Mix25 (-3.6 +/- 0.29 mmol/l vs -4.7 +/- 0.31 mmol/l; p = 0.001). The maximum decrease in PG over 6 h, after exercise onset, was significantly less with Mix25 (-4.3 +/- 0.4 mmol/l vs -5.9 +/- 0.4 mmol/l; p < 0.001). The frequency of hypoglycemia (blood glucose (BG) < 3 mmol/l or symptoms) during the inpatient test was not different between treatments. During the outpatient phase, the frequency of patient-recorded hypoglycemia was significantly lower with Mix25 (0.7 +/- 0.2 episodes/30 d vs 1.2 +/- 0.3 episodes/30 d; p = 0.042).


CONCLUSIONS
Mix25 resulted in better postprandial PG control without an increase in exercise-induced hypoglycemia. The smaller decrease in PG during the postprandial phase after exercise may suggest a lower risk of exercise-induced hypoglycemia with Mix25 than with human insulin 30/70, especially for patients in tight glycemic control.
Herz
M
M
Diabetes Product Team, El Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA. Herz_Matthias@Lilly.com
Profozic
V
V
Arora
V
V
Smircic-Duvnjak
L
L
Kovacevic
I
I
Boras
J
J
Campaigne
B N
BN
Metelko
Z
Z
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D011479:Protamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D011479:Protamines; C110077:neutral protamine lispro insulin