ACTH, cortisol and prolactin in active rheumatoid arthritis.
Prolactin (PRL) and glucocorticoids are hormones involved in the regulation of the immune system. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory condition that presents a diurnal rhythm of disease activity. ACTH, PRL, cortisol, IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha circadian rhythms have been studied in active RA (aRA) to evaluate a possible relationship between the neuroendocrine system and immunological activity in rheumatoid patients. ACTH, PRL, cortisol, PRL/cortisol ratio and IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha levels were determined in aRA patients and in control subjects at 6.00, 10.00, 14.00, 18.00, 22.00 and 02.00 h. In aRA patients we observed lower ACTH and cortisol levels at 22.00 h and 2.00 h, respectively and higher PRL and PRL/cortisol ratio at 2.00 h when compared to controls. IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha reached their highest serum levels in aRA patients at 2.00 and 6.00 h. This study provides evidence that in aRA there could be a temporary and probably causal relationship between diurnal disease activity, hormonal disequilibrium and cytokine secretion. An imbalance in favour of proinflammatory hormones (PRL and cytokines) as opposed to levels of anti-inflammatory hormones could be responsible for the diurnal rhythm of activity disease observed in aRA patients.
Istituto di Medicina Interna e Geriatria, Divisione di Reumatologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore A Gemelli, Rome, Italy.
A
A
Zoli
M M
MM
Lizzio
E M
EM
Ferlisi
V
V
Massafra
L
L
Mirone
A
A
Barini
F
F
Scuderi
F
F
Bartolozzi
M
M
Magaró
D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation
D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D011388:Prolactin; D006854:Hydrocortisone