Metabolite profiles of Stachybotrys isolates from water-damaged buildings and their induction of inflammatory mediators and cytotoxicity in macrophages.
The metabolite profiles of 20 Stachybotrys spp. isolates from Finnish water-damaged buildings were compared with their biological activities. Effects of purified compounds on cytotoxicity and production of inflammatory mediators such as nitric oxide, IL-6 and TNFalpha in murine RAW264.7 macrophage cells were studied. The 11 isolates belonging to the satratoxin-producing chemotype were highly cytotoxic to the macrophages. The isolates inducing inflammatory mediators all belonged to the atranone-producing chemotype, but pure atranones B, and D did not elicit a response in the bioassay. Altogether, cytotoxicity of Stachybotrys sp. isolates appear to be related to satratoxin production whereas the specific component inducing inflammatory responses in atranone-producing isolates remains obscure.
The Mycology Group, BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby. kristian.f.nielsen@biocentrum.dtu.dk
Kristian Fog
KF
Nielsen
Kati
K
Huttunen
Anne
A
Hyvärinen
Birgitte
B
Andersen
Bruce B
BB
Jarvis
Maija-Riitta
MR
Hirvonen
D000391:Air Microbiology; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013191:Stachybotrys / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water
D016207:Cytokines; D014255:Trichothecenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014867:Water; D009569:Nitric Oxide