Alteration of plant mitochondrial proton conductance by free fatty acids. Uncoupling protein involvement.
We characterized the uncoupling activity of the plant uncoupling protein from Solanum tuberosum (StUCP) using mitochondria from intact potato tubers or from yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) expressing the StUCP gene. Compared with mitochondria from transfected yeast, StUCP is present at very low levels in intact potato mitochondrial membranes (at least thirty times lower) as shown by immunodetection with anti-UCP1 antibodies. Under conditions that ruled out undesirable effects of nucleotides and free fatty acids on uncoupling activity measurement in plant mitochondria, the linoleic acid-induced depolarization in potato mitochondria was insensitive to the nucleotides ATP, GTP, or GDP. In addition, sensitivity to linoleic acid was similar in potato and in control yeast mitochondria, suggesting that uncoupling occurring in potato mitochondria was because of a UCP-independent proton diffusion process. By contrast, yeast mitochondria expressing StUCP exhibited a higher sensitivity to free fatty acids than those from the control yeast and especially a marked proton conductance in the presence of low amounts of linoleic acid. However, this fatty acid-induced uncoupling was also insensitive to nucleotides. Altogether, these results suggest that uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and heat production cannot be the dominant feature of StUCP expressed in native potato tissues. However, it could play a role in preventing reactive oxygen species production as proposed for mammalian UCP2 and UCP3.
Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire des Plantes UMR 7632 CNRS/UPMC, Tour 53 (case 154), 4 place Jussieu, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France. fmoreau@ccr.jussieu.fr
Cecile
C
Hourton-Cabassa
Agnes
A
Mesneau
Bruno
B
Miroux
Jean
J
Roussaux
Daniel
D
Ricquier
Alain
A
Zachowski
Francois
F
Moreau
D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007473:Ion Channels; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000378:metabolism; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007473:Ion Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3; D019787:Linoleic Acid