Unique effect of visceral fat on insulin sensitivity in obese Hispanic children with a family history of type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to establish whether total fat or central fat was related to measures of insulin in obese Hispanic children with a family history of type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
Subjects were 32 children aged 8-13 years. Visceral fat and subcutaneous abdominal fat were determined by magnetic resonance imaging at the umbilicus and total body fat was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Insulin sensitivity (S(i)) and acute insulin response (AIR) were determined by frequently sampled intravenous tolerance test with minimal modeling.


RESULTS
Mean fasting glucose and insulin, S(i), and AIR (+/- SD) were 5.3 +/- 0.3 mmol/l, 206 +/- 105 pmol/l, 11.8 +/- 5.7 [x 10(-4) min(-1)/(pmol/l)], and 17,175 +/- 9,695 (pmol/l x 10 min), respectively. In multivariate regression analysis, total fat mass was independently and positively related to fasting insulin (P < 0.01) and negatively related to S(i) (P < 0.05) but was not related to AIR. Visceral fat was independently and positively related to fasting insulin (P < 0.05) and AIR (P < 0.01) and negatively related to S(i) (P < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
-These findings support the hypothesis that specific accumulation of visceral fat in addition to overall adiposity in Hispanic children increases the risk of type 2 diabetes.
Cruz
Martha L
ML
Departments of Preventive Medicine and Physiology and Biophysics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
Bergman
Richard N
RN
Goran
Michael I
MI
D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000293:Adolescent; D001823:Body Composition; D002648:Child; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity; D012307:Risk Factors; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue
D007328:Insulin