Expression and regulatory role of receptors for vasoactive intestinal peptide in bone cells.
An intense network of nerve fibers can be demonstrated in skeletal tissues, not only in the periosteum but also within cortical bone, growth plate, and bone marrow. This neuro-osteogenic network expresses a restricted number of signalling molecules, including neuropeptides, neurotransmitters, and neurotrophins. Several lines of evidence indicate that receptors for these molecules are present on bone cells and that activation of these receptors leads to changes in bone cell activities. In addition, deletion of signalling molecules has been shown to alter bone metabolism. In the present review, these studies are summarized with a focus on distribution and effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide.
Lundberg
Pernilla
P
Department of Oral Cell Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
Lerner
Ulf H
UH
D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology; D011964:Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone / Q000502:physiology*; D018005:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000502:physiology; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000378:metabolism
D011964:Receptors, Gastrointestinal Hormone; D018005:Receptors, Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide