Visual field defects in non-functioning pituitary adenomas.
OBJECTIVE
To report the prevalence and pattern of visual field loss in non-functioning pituitary adenomas and to study the relationship between the tumour size and severity of field defects.


METHODS
Ninety-three patients with histologically confirmed pituitary adenomas, non-functional on hormonal assessment, underwent a complete ophthalmic assessment and automated perimetry using the HFA 30-2 programme. Defects with quadrantanopic or hemianopic characteristics, defined using criteria on the threshold/pattern deviation plots were considered typical. Typical defects were graded as mild, moderate and severe. All other defects were considered atypical. A neuroradiologist measured tumour size on a CT or MRI Scan. The Chi-square test for trend was used to test association of tumour volume with severity of typical defects.


RESULTS
Eighty-eight (94.6%) of the 93 patients had a field defect. Typical field defects were seen in 69 (74.2%) patients and atypical in 19 (20.4%). A severe typical defect involving at least 3 quadrants in one or both eyes was the most common (24 patients or 25.80%). All 31 patients (33.3%) with a tumour size greater than 20 cc had field defects. Severity of field defect increased with tumour volume (Chi-square test for trends significant p = 0.0096).


CONCLUSIONS
Field defects occurred in 95% of patients with non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma. A severe visual field loss involving at least 3 quadrants in one or both eyes was the most common. 20% of patients had atypical field defects. Severity of field defects increased with tumour volume.
Thomas
Ravi
R
Department of Ophthalmology, L V Prasad Eye Institute, L V Prasad Marg, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad-500 034, India. ravithomas@lvpeye.stph.net
Shenoy
Kashinatha
K
Seshadri
Mandalam S
MS
Muliyil
Jayaprakash
J
Rao
Amitha
A
Paul
Padma
P
D000236:Adenoma / Q000150:complications*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D014794:Visual Fields