Solid phase extraction and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the evaluation of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal in pork products.
This research was aimed at setting up an analytical method for the determination in pork products of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (4-HNE), an aldehyde produced from the oxidation of omega-6-polyunsaturated fatty acids. Such a compound mediates various biological effects, but it is considered to be very toxic to mammalian cells at levels higher than physiological ones. The methods used for the determination of 4-HNE in biological fluids, such as blood, were found to be unsuitable for meat samples because both the repeatability and the recovery in spiked samples were unsatisfactory. A new method, based on solid phase extraction and HPLC-MS/MS, was therefore developed and validated. The limit of detection of 4-HNE in spiked samples was 0.043 mg/kg, and the recovery was approximately 60% depending on the concentration. Good linearity was observed in the range of 0.1-10 mg/kg, and repeatability and interday and intraday precision expressed as relative standard deviation were <10%. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of the aldehyde in samples of various pork products. 4-HNE was present in some products, especially the smoked and/or cooked ones, at levels that might not be a real risk for human health.
Dipartimento di Produzioni Animali, Biotecnologie Veterinarie, Qualitá e Sicurezza degli Alimenti, Università di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy. emanuela.zanardi@unipr.it
Emanuela
E
Zanardi
Christian G
CG
Jagersma
Sergio
S
Ghidini
Roberto
R
Chizzolini
D000447:Aldehydes / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism; D005506:Food Contamination; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D008461:Meat Products / Q000032:analysis*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013552:Swine
D000447:Aldehydes; D043371:Fatty Acids, Omega-6; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal