Prognostic significance of renal function in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension: results from the Syst-Eur trial.
Several reports suggest that markers of renal function such as serum creatinine, serum uric acid, and urinary excretion of protein may be related to cardiovascular complications and mortality. This study analyzed the data from the Syst-Eur trial, which was a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind intervention trial in elderly patients with isolated systolic hypertension. The purpose was to evaluate whether serum levels of creatinine and uric acid and urinary protein excretion at entry are related to subsequent morbidity and mortality. Incidence rates of total mortality, cardiovascular mortality, stroke (fatal as well as nonfatal), coronary events, and all cardiovascular endpoints were calculated for each quintile of serum creatinine or serum uric acid or for each category of protein excretion (none, trace, and overt). Crude and adjusted relative hazard rates were also determined for each 20 micro M increase in serum creatinine, each 50 micro M increase in serum uric acid, and for each protein excretion category. Even when adjusted for age, gender, and various other covariates, serum creatinine was significantly associated with a worse prognosis. There was an U-shaped relationship between serum uric acid and total mortality, but otherwise no obvious relationships were detected between serum uric acid levels and complications when appropriate adjustments were made for confounding variables. Proteinuria at entry was a significant predictor of total mortality and all cardiovascular endpoints. It is concluded that higher levels of serum creatinine and trace or overt proteinuria are associated with an increased number of cardiovascular events and with a higher mortality in patients with isolated systolic hypertension.
Department of Internal Medicine, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands. p.deleeuw@intmed.unimaas.nl
Peter W
PW
De Leeuw
Lutgarde
L
Thijs
Willem H
WH
Birkenhäger
Sophia M
SM
Voyaki
Aris D
AD
Efstratopoulos
Robert H
RH
Fagard
Gastone
G
Leonetti
Choudomir
C
Nachev
James C
JC
Petrie
José L
JL
Rodicio
Joseph J
JJ
Rosenfeld
Cinzia
C
Sarti
Jan A
JA
Staessen
D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D006977:Hypertension, Renal / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D015994:Incidence; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D014527:Uric Acid; D003404:Creatinine