Endoscopic ligation compared with sclerotherapy for bleeding esophageal varices in children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction.
Endoscopic sclerotherapy is an effective treatment for bleeding esophageal varices, but it is associated with significant complications. Endoscopic ligation, a new form of endoscopic treatment for bleeding varices, has been shown to be superior to sclerotherapy in adult patients with cirrhosis. To determine the efficacy and safety of endoscopic sclerotherapy and ligation, the 2 methods were compared in a randomized control trial in 49 children with extrahepatic portal venous obstruction who had proven bleeding from esophageal varices. Twenty-four patients were treated with sclerotherapy and 25 with band ligation. No significant differences were found between the sclerotherapy and ligation groups in arresting active index bleeding (100% each) and achieving variceal eradication (91.7% vs. 96%, P =.61). Band ligation eradicated varices in fewer endoscopic sessions than did sclerotherapy (3.9 +/- 1.1 vs. 6.1 +/- 1.7, respectively, P <.0001). The rebleeding rate was significantly higher in the sclerotherapy group (25% vs. 4%, P =.049), as was the rate of major complications (25% vs. 4%, P =.049). After eradication, esophageal variceal recurrence was not significantly different in patients treated by ligation than by sclerotherapy (17.4% vs. 10%, P =.67). In conclusion, variceal band ligation in children is a safe and effective technique that achieves variceal eradication more quickly, with a lower rebleeding rate and fewer complications compared with sclerotherapy.
Department of Gastroenterology, Sher-i-Kashmir Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir, India. showkatzargar@yahoo.com
Showkat Ali
SA
Zargar
Gul
G
Javid
Bashir Ahmad
BA
Khan
Ghulam Nabi
GN
Yattoo
Altaf Hussain
AH
Shah
Ghulam Mohammad
GM
Gulzar
Jaswinder
J
Singh
Bilal-Ul
BU
Rehman
Ziaud
Z
Din
D000208:Acute Disease; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D002648:Child; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000150:complications*; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000473:pathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012008:Recurrence; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D017211:Treatment Failure