[Identification of blue grained wheat and its irradiation-mutated offsprings by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH)].
Transferring useful chromosome(s), chromosomal fragment(s) or genes from related species into common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an effective method for improving wheat cultivars, and DNA:DNA in situ hybridization has been proven to be an effective method for directly demonstrating alien chromosome number and distribution in plant. In this study, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to identify the chromosomal constitutions of the blue-grained wheat Blue-58 originated from distant hybridization between Triticum aestivum L. and Agropyron elongatum (Host) Beauv (2n = 10x = 70) and its irradiation-mutated offsprings. The results showed that, as previously reported, Blue-58 (2n = 42) was a substitution line in which a pair of 4D chromosomes of common wheat was substituted by a pair of 4E chromosomes from Agropyron elongatum. Mutation line LW004 might be a homozygous reciprocal translocation line in which two pair of chromosomes might be involved in the translocation event and it showed high efficiency in utilizing soil phosphorus in our field screening experiments. Mutation line LW43-3-4 was a blue monosomic line with 40 wheat chromosomes plus one 4E chromosome from Agropyron elongatum in its genome and its seeds showed light-blue color. Some other chromosome rearrangements and structure changes were also detected among the mutated offsprings through GISH, such as telomonosomic line (40 W + 1't4E) and a line with a chromosomal constitution of 39 W + 1'4E + 1't4E. Our results indicated very clearly that it was the chromosome derived from Agropyron elongatum carried gene(s) responsible for the blue pigmentation in wheat grains and it was also illustrated from our results that the combination of effective methods for generating mutations at chromosomal level and convenient detection of these mutations played pivotal roles in creating materials for chromosome engineering and in breeding by means of chromosome engineering.
Yang
Guo-Hua
GH
State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
Li
Bin
B
Liu
Jian-Zhong
JZ
Ying
Jia
J
Mu
Su-Mei
SM
Zhou
Han-Ping
HP
Li
Zhen-Sheng
ZS
D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D009154:Mutation; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects