Heads or tails: cell polarity and axis formation in the early Caenorhabditis elegans embryo.
In C. elegans, the first embryonic axis is established shortly after fertilization and requires both the microtubule and microfilament cytoskeleton. Cues from sperm-donated centrosomes result in a cascade of events that polarize the distribution of widely conserved PAR proteins at the cell cortex. The PAR proteins in turn polarize the cytoplasm and position mitotic spindles. Lessons learned from C. elegans should improve our understanding of how cells become polarized and divide asymmetrically during development.
Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, 1370 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene 97403, USA.
Rebecca
R
Lyczak
José-Eduardo
JE
Gomes
Bruce
B
Bowerman
D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000502:physiology*; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology*; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000235:genetics; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
C114254:PAR 1 protein, Trypanosoma cruzi; D015800:Protozoan Proteins