Personality and leadership: a qualitative and quantitative review.
This article provides a qualitative review of the trait perspective in leadership research, followed by a meta-analysis. The authors used the five-factor model as an organizing framework and meta-analyzed 222 correlations from 73 samples. Overall, the correlations with leadership were Neuroticism = -.24, Extraversion = .31, Openness to Experience = .24, Agreeableness = .08, and Conscientiousness = .28. Results indicated that the relations of Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness to Experience, and Conscientiousness with leadership generalized in that more than 90% of the individual correlations were greater than 0. Extraversion was the most consistent correlate of leadership across study settings and leadership criteria (leader emergence and leadership effectiveness). Overall, the five-factor model had a multiple correlation of .48 with leadership, indicating strong support for the leader trait perspective when traits are organized according to the five-factor model.
Department of Management, Warrington College of Business, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-7165, USA. tjudge@ufl.edu
Timothy A
TA
Judge
Joyce E
JE
Bono
Remus
R
Ilies
Megan W
MW
Gerhardt
D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009497:Neurotic Disorders; D010551:Personality; D011361:Professional Competence; D014342:Truth Disclosure