Less calcium in cremaster muscles of boys with undescended testis supports a deficiency in sympathetic innervation.
In addition to an increase in contractility, contracted fibers and small and electron-dense mitochondria have suggested an increase of cytosolic Ca(2+) within the cremaster muscles (CM) associated with undescended testis. Therefore, the Ca(2+) content of CM associated with an undescended testis was determined and compared with the Ca(2+) content associated with inguinal hernia and hydrocele and in internal oblique muscles. CM samples from boys with undescended testis (n = 9), inguinal hernia (n = 15), and hydrocele (n = 7) and from girls with inguinal hernia (n = 8) were obtained. The calcium contents of these samples and of samples from internal oblique muscle (n = 6) were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. While the Ca(2+) contents of CM from boys with undescended testis and from girls with inguinal hernia were similar (p > 0.05), the internal oblique muscle and the CM from boys with inguinal hernia and hydrocele contained more Ca(2+) than CM from boys with undescended testis (p < 0.05). Despite evidence of an increase in cytosolic calcium, the decrease in total calcium content suggests a decrease in the adenylyl cyclase activity, thus inhibition of influx of Ca(2+), but an increase in phospholipase C activity, and generation of more inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate and mobilization of calcium from internal stores. Since the sympathetic system acts through adenylyl cyclase in striated muscles and is sexually dimorphic, similar Ca(2+) contents as encountered in girls suggest an alteration in the balance of autonomic innervation against the sympathetic system in boys with undescended testis.
Tanyel
F Cahit
FC
Department of Pediatric Surgery, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. ctanyel@gen.hun.edu.tr
Ulusu
N Nuray
NN
Tezcan
E Ferhan
EF
Büyükpamukçu
Nebil
N
D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000209:etiology*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006848:Testicular Hydrocele / Q000378:metabolism; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism
D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D002118:Calcium