The immunomodulatory effects of the herbicide simazine on murine macrophage functions in vitro.
We examined the immunomodulating effects of simazine, a triazine herbicide, on murine peritoneal macrophages after in vitro pre-exposure. When thioglycollate-elicited macrophages pre-exposed to simazine were stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the antitumor activity induced by LPS was suppressed by simazine. Simazine also inhibited poly I:C-induced antiviral activity and interferon (IFN) production in macrophages. In addition, the production of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) which have been known to be major effector molecules in macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity was decreased by simazine pretreatment in a dose-dependent manner. However, simazine had little effect on phagocytosis and the level of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), interleukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-6 by LPS-stimulated macrophages. Taken together, these data indicate that simazine has a differential immunomodulating effect on macrophage secretory and cellular activities.
Division of Immunopharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do 440-746, South Korea.
Kyung-Ran
KR
Kim
Eun-Wha
EW
Son
Dong-Kwon
DK
Rhee
Suhkneung
S
Pyo
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D007372:Interferons / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000494:pharmacology; D012839:Simazine / Q000633:toxicity*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D006540:Herbicides; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007372:Interferons; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D011070:Poly I-C; D012839:Simazine