Factors that are associated with clinically overt postpartum urinary retention after vaginal delivery.
OBJECTIVE
This study was undertaken to determine the incidence of clinically overt postpartum urinary retention after vaginal delivery and to examine what maternal, fetal, and obstetric factors are associated with this problem.


METHODS
This was a retrospective case-controlled study of women who had overt postpartum urinary retention after vaginal delivery from August 1992 through April 2000.


RESULTS
Fifty-one of 11,332 (0.45%) vaginal deliveries were complicated by clinically overt postpartum urinary retention. In most cases (80.4%), the problem had resolved before hospital dismissal. Persons with urinary retention were more likely than control subjects to be primiparous (66.7% vs 40.0%; P <.001), to have had an instrument-assisted delivery (47.1% vs 12.4%; P <.001), to have received regional analgesia (98.0% vs 68.8%; P <.001), and to have had a mediolateral episiotomy (39.2% vs 12.5%; P <.001). On multivariate logistic regression analysis, of these 4 variables, only instrument-assisted delivery and regional analgesia were significant independent risk factors.


CONCLUSIONS
Clinically overt postpartum urinary retention complicates approximately 1 in 200 vaginal deliveries, with most resolving before hospital dismissal. Factors that are independently associated with its occurrence include instrument-assisted delivery and regional analgesia.
Carley
Michael E
ME
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Carley
Janine M
JM
Vasdev
Gary
G
Lesnick
Timothy G
TG
Webb
Maurice J
MJ
Ramin
Kirk D
KD
Lee
Raymond A
RA
D000328:Adult; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004841:Episiotomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009772:Obstetrical Forceps / Q000009:adverse effects; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014620:Vacuum Extraction, Obstetrical / Q000009:adverse effects