Effect of glucose tolerance status on PAI-1 plasma levels in overweight and obese subjects.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of our study was to examine whether plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) plasma levels varied as a function of differences in glucose tolerance status independently of body fatness, body-fat distribution, and insulin sensitivity.


METHODS
Plasma PAI-1 antigen levels, along with insulin resistance [measured by homeostatic model assessment (HOMA(IR))], central fat accumulation, body composition, blood pressure, and fasting concentrations of glucose, insulin, and lipids, were measured in 229 overweight and obese [body mass index (BMI) > or =25 kg/m(2)) subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and in 44 age- and BMI-matched subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).


RESULTS
Plasma PAI-1 antigen levels were significantly higher in IGT than in NGT subjects. Log PAI-1 was positively correlated with BMI, HOMA(IR), and log insulin, and inversely associated with high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol both in IGT and in NGT individuals. On the other hand, log PAI-1 was positively correlated with waist circumference, fat mass (FM), fat-free mass, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and log triglycerides only in the NGT group. After multivariate analyses, the strongest determinants of PAI-1 levels were BMI, FM, waist circumference, and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the NGT group and only HOMA(IR) in the IGT cohort.


CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates that PAI-1 concentrations are higher in IGT than in NGT subjects. Furthermore, we suggest that the influences of total adiposity, central fat, and insulin resistance, main determinants of PAI-1 concentrations, are different according to the degree of glucose tolerance.
Pannacciulli
Nicola
N
Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases, Department of Emergency and Transplant, University of Bari, Bari, Italy.
De Mitrio
Vito
V
Marino
Renato
R
Giorgino
Riccardo
R
De Pergola
Giovanni
G
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001823:Body Composition; D001824:Body Constitution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D014280:Triglycerides