Effect of feeding whole cereals on performance, starch digestibility and duodenal particle size distribution in broiler chickens.
1. An experiment was conducted to study the effects of whole wheat, oats and barley at different inclusion levels on performance, starch digestibility, duodenal particle size distribution, gizzard weight and pH of gizzard contents for broiler chickens. 2. Feed consumption and weight gain were significantly reduced when ground cereals were replaced by whole cereals (P < 0.05). However, feed conversion efficiency was not affected by inclusion of up to 440 g/kg of whole wheat, and up to 300 g/kg of whole oats and barley. 3. Duodenal particle size was measured by laser diffraction to below 1 micron in size. A remarkably large proportion of particles were below 100 microns, with as much as 50% of the particles in the duodenum being below 40 microns in size. Inclusion of moderate amounts of whole cereals reduced the duodenal mean particle size. Large inclusions of whole cereals decreased (P < 0.05) the proportion of particles up to 40 microns in size, and increased (P < 0.05) the proportion with size between 100 and 300 microns. 4. Starch digestibility was improved (P < 0.05) by replacing ground wheat or barley with whole wheat or barley. 5. There was no consistent effect of cereal species or feed form on the pH value of the gizzard contents.
Hetland
H
H
Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Norway, P.O. Box 5025, N-1432 As, Norway. harald.hetland@ihf.nlh.no
Svihus
B
B
Olaisen
V
V
D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism*; D002523:Edible Grain; D005895:Gizzard, Avian / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D010316:Particle Size; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain
D013213:Starch