14-3-3 Proteins and photoneuroendocrine transduction: role in controlling the daily rhythm in melatonin.
This paper describes the role 14-3-3 proteins play in vertebrate photoneuroendocrine transduction. 14-3-3 proteins form a complex with arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT), the enzyme which turns melatonin production on during the day and off at night. Complex formation is triggered at night by cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of the enzyme, and results in activation and protection against proteolysis. This enhances melatonin production >10-fold. Light exposure results in dephosphorylation of the enzyme and disassociation from 14-3-3, leading to destruction and a rapid drop in melatonin production and release and circulating levels.
Section on Neuroendocrinology, Laboratory of Developmental Neurobiology, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4480, USA. klein@helix.nih.gov
D C
DC
Klein
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Ganguly
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Coon
J L
JL
Weller
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Obsil
A
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Hickman
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Dyda
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D000818:Animals; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001665:Binding Sites; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D008027:Light; D008550:Melatonin / Q000502:physiology*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009490:Neurosecretory Systems / Q000502:physiology*; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; D008550:Melatonin