Implications of the analysis of epidemiological data using a two-mutation carcinogenesis model for radiation risks.
A two-mutation carcinogenesis (TMC) model is used as a bridge between cellular radiation biological effects and the incidence of cancer. This model has been applied to several sets of experimental animal and epidemiological data. In this paper the advantage of the model and the implications for radiation risks at low doses are discussed with respect to the age and dose dependence of cancer incidence and the effect of age at exposure on radiation risk; the link between the radiation effect and background cancer incidence and the transfer of radiation risk across different population groups; the implications of acute and protracted radiation exposures for risks at low doses and the dose-effect relationship for radium induced bone cancer.
National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
K H
KH
Chadwick
H P
HP
Leenhouts
M J P
MJ
Brugmans
D000367:Age Factors; D000512:Alpha Particles; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009154:Mutation; D009381:Neoplasms, Radiation-Induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors