[Contraception at 40].
During forty, fertility decreases but the risk of spontaneous pregnancy is not negligible, so contraception for forty years old women remains necessary. Several contraceptive methods are available: local contraception, intra-uterine devices, hormonal contraception. Progestogen-only pills, microdosed and continuously administered are to be avoided at this time of life because they can result in hyperestrogenic adverse events. Progestin implants are interesting if the woman presents contraindication with estrogens or if she is non compliant with oral contraceptives. Oral contraceptive use is associated with numerous benefits during forty: it controls properly cycles and menstruations, it decreases bone loss and it decreases gynaecological disorders and risk of endometrial and ovarian cancer... But cardiovascular risk (venous and arterial thrombo-embolism) remains increased, whatever oral contraceptive is used, second or third generation, and in spite of lower dose of ethinylestradiol, even if a trend towards the decrease of this risk is observed. Contraindication for one kind of oral contraceptive means contraindication for all oral contraceptives and necessarily bare respect of this. These contraindications led to contraceptive use of progestin with antigonadotropic activity; however if pregnane derivatives are devoid of any deleterious metabolic effects, they have no indication for contraception in their marketing authorization.
andregab@noos.fr
G
G
André
D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D003267:Contraception; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects; D004967:Estrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D008875:Middle Aged; D011372:Progestins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D004967:Estrogens; D011372:Progestins