title: [Imaging diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules on an open low-field MRI system--comparison of two MR sequences with spiral CT].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and compare two fast gradient-echo sequences (GRE) concerning the visualization of solitary pulmonary nodules with an open low-field MRI system in comparison to computed tomography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen patients with solitary pulmonary nodules detected by spiral CT ranging in size from 6 mm to 42 mm (mean 20 mm) underwent MRI on an open 0.2 T scanner using a spoiled 2D GRE (2D FLASH; TR/ TE/Flip = 100 ms/7.5 ms/30 degrees ) and a totally refocused 2D steady-state GRE (True-FISP; TR/TE/FA = 7.3 ms/3.5 ms/80 degrees ). The image quality concerning artifacts (by flow, breathing and susceptibility) and the morphologic characteristics of the nodules were scored and compared with CT by two independent radiologists. The diameters of the nodules measured by MRI were compared with CT measurements. The sequences were also evaluated with regard to the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the lesion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All lesions were detected with the 2D FLASH sequence. True-FISP failed to find a granuloma with a size of 6 mm. The 2D FLASH was rated significantly superior to true FISP concerning image quality artifacts by susceptibility as well as concerning to CT the presentation of nodule characteristics. In MR images, the size of lesions was significantly smaller than in CT images for both sequences: for 2D FLASH the mean difference was 0.9 mm and for true FISP 2.6 mm. The SNR of the nodules was significantly higher for the 2D FLASH than for the true FISP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In low field MRI, the 2D FLASH sequence is superior to the 2D true FISP sequence in imaging of pulmonary nodules. With the 2D FLASH sequence nodules of 6 mm or larger in size can be visualized.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Radiologische Diagnostik, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen. juergen.schaefer@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vollmar
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schick
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Seemann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mehnert
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vonthein
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aebert
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002283:Carcinoma, Bronchogenic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed