title: [Induction of remission with infliximab in therapy-refractory Wegener's granulomatosis - Follow-up of six patients].
abstract: BACKGROUND AND QUESTION: The prognosis of patients with Wegener's granulomatosis (WG) refractory to standard treatment for the induction of remission (cyclophosphamide and steroids) has been poor so far. We report on the results of the follow-up of six patients refractory to the standard regimen (Fauci's scheme) with progressive, imminent visual loss, pulmonary and renal involvement, respectively. How long can remissions be successfully maintained with anti-TNF-alpha-antibody infliximab? What side effects occur?
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients received infliximab (3 mg/kg) in addition to standard therapy with cyclophosphamide and steroids. Intervals between the first two infliximab infusions were 2 weeks, thereafter 4 weeks. Based on the impression of higher efficacy patients received 5 mg/kg infliximab for subsequent infusions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Remission was induced after 4-6 infliximab infusions in five patients. Remission has been maintained in four patients for 16-26 months. After 12 months a pulmonary relapse occurred in one patient, who received azathioprine for the maintenance of remission. Infliximab was stopped in another patient because of a suspected infection. In the light of high cumulative cyclophosphamide doses (100 g/275 g) and cyclophosphamide induced hemorrhagic cystitis, infliximab was added to azathioprine in the two patients with a pulmonary relapse and protrusion of the eye with imminent visual loss, respectively. Remission was induced in both patients. A carcinoid of the bronchus was diagnosed in one patient after 12 months in remission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infliximab means a new therapeutic option and offers better perspectives for a patient group with previously bad prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Poliklinik für Rheumatologie, Universitätsklinikum Lübeck, und Rheumaklinik Bad Bramstedt, Germany. lamprecht@rheuma-zentrum.de
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lamprecht
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Arbach
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Voswinkel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lilienthal
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nölle
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gause
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003556:Cystitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D014890:Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069285:Infliximab; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012074:Remission Induction; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D000069285:Infliximab; D001379:Azathioprine