title: Role of AT2 receptors in the cardioprotective effect of AT1 antagonists in mice.
abstract: Angiotensin II (Ang II) acts mainly on two receptor subtypes: AT1 and AT2. Most of the known biological actions of Ang II are mediated by AT1 receptors; however, the role of AT2 receptors remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the cardioprotective effects of AT1 receptor antagonists (AT1-ant) after myocardial infarction (MI) are partially mediated by activation of AT2 receptors; thus in AT2 receptor gene knockout mice (AT2-/Y), the effect of AT1-ant will be diminished or absent. MI was induced by ligating the left anterior descending coronary artery. Four weeks later, AT2-/Y and their wild-type littermates (AT2+/Y) were started on vehicle, AT1-ant (valsartan, 50 mg/kg per day), or ACE inhibitor (enalapril, 20 mg/kg per day) for 20 weeks. Basal blood pressure and cardiac function as well as remodeling after MI did not differ between AT2+/Y and AT2-/Y. AT1-ant increased ejection fraction and cardiac output and decreased left ventricular diastolic dimension, myocyte cross-sectional area, and interstitial collagen deposition in AT2+/Y, and these effects were significantly diminished in AT2-/Y. ACE inhibitors improved cardiac function and remodeling similarly in both strains. We concluded that (1) activation of AT2 during AT1 blockade plays an important role in the therapeutic effect of AT1-ant and (2) the AT2 receptor may not play an important role in regulation of cardiac function, either under basal conditions after MI remodeling or in the therapeutic effect of ACE inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Hypertension and Vascular Research Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Mich 48202-2689, USA.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Oscar A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Carretero
authors.forename: Yun-He
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Edward G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Shesely
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Alissa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kapke
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003094:Collagen / Q000032:analysis; D004656:Enalapril / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068756:Valsartan; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D013777:Tetrazoles; D004656:Enalapril; D000068756:Valsartan; D003094:Collagen; D012083:Renin; D014633:Valine