title: Cost-benefit analysis of pediatric cochlear implantation: German experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore, from the payers' perspective, the cost-benefit ratio of pediatric cochlear implantation for congenitally deaf and prelingually deafened children compared with children with hearing aids. The study should verify the hypothesis that educational and associated costs increase with age at implantation and that these can be below costs for children with hearing aids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children who received implants at the Medical University of Hanover at different ages (Group 1, 0-1.9 yr; Group 2, 2-3.9 yr; Group 3, 4-6.9 yr) were compared with deaf children using hearing aids (Group 4). Sick funds were the payers for direct and indirect costs, and public authorities were the payers for educational costs. Educational settings were used to measure for benefits. All costs related to the hearing deficiency were included up to the age of 16 years on the basis of 1999 currency values. A scenario analysis was used to explore the impact of variation of costs and discount rates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total costs for the three age groups of children with implants were from euro 138,000 (approximately US$113,100) to euro 177,000 (approximately US$152,700), compared with euro 160,000 (approximately US$138,000) for hearing aid users.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports the view that pediatric cochlear implantation provides positive cost-benefit ratios compared with hearing aid users, depending on the age at implantation. Implantation is strongly recommended from the payers' perspective for children implanted before the age of 2 years.
authors.affiliation: The Boston Consulting Group, Hamburg, Germany. schulze-gattermann.heide@bcg.com
authors.forename: Heide
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schulze-Gattermann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Illg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schoenermark
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lenarz
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lesinski-Schiedat
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002662:Child Health Services / Q000191:economics*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000191:economics*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003638:Deafness / Q000191:economics* / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D004519:Education, Special / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006310:Hearing Aids; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008282:Mainstreaming, Education / Q000191:economics; D008297:Male; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires