Thioredoxins and related proteins in photosynthetic organisms: molecular basis for thiol dependent regulation.
Thioredoxins are small molecular weight disulfide oxidoreductases specialized in the reduction of disulfide bonds on other proteins. Generally, the enzymes which are selectively and reversibly reduced by these proteins oscillate between an oxidized and inactive conformation and a reduced and active conformation. Thioredoxin constitutes the archetype of a family of protein disulfide oxidoreductases which comprises glutaredoxin and protein disulfide isomerase. Thioredoxin and glutaredoxin serve many roles in the cell, including the redox regulation of target enzymes and transcription factors. They can also serve as hydrogen donors to peroxiredoxins, recently discovered heme free peroxidases, the function of which is to get rid of hydroperoxides in the cell. This review describes the molecular basis for the functioning and interaction between these enzymes in photosynthetic organisms.
Jacquot
Jean-Pierre
JP
UMR INRA UHP Interaction Arbres Microorganismes, Université Henri Poincaré, Vandoeuvre, France. j2p@scbiol.uhp-nancy.fr
Gelhaye
Eric
E
Rouhier
Nicolas
N
Corbier
Catherine
C
Didierjean
Claude
C
Aubry
André
A
D000818:Animals; D002384:Catalysis; D005544:Forecasting; D054477:Glutaredoxins; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010944:Plants; D011490:Protein Disulfide Reductase (Glutathione) / Q000378:metabolism; D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000378:metabolism*
D054477:Glutaredoxins; D011506:Proteins; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D013879:Thioredoxins; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010544:Peroxidases; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; D011490:Protein Disulfide Reductase (Glutathione); D019704:Protein Disulfide-Isomerases