title: Blood transfusions and the Jehovah's Witness patient.
abstract: This paper provides a brief history of the evolution of the Jehovah's Witness faith with a short discussion on the biblical justification for followers' refusal of blood transfusions. It also briefly considers the ethical principles leading to potential conflicts between health care workers and Jehovah's Witnesses patients and examines several significant legal rulings in the United States and Canada that caregivers should be aware of. A discussion of what blood products are and are not currently acceptable is also presented. Finally, the impact of the Jehovah's Witness reform movement aimed at allowing blood transfusions and the nature of recent doctrinal shifts in the Jehovah's Witness faith on the matter of blood transfusions are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, The Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. djdoyle@hotmail.com
authors.forename: D John
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Doyle
mesh_terms: D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000941:ethics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000523:psychology; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D033221:Jehovah's Witnesses / Q000266:history / Q000523:psychology; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations / Q000941:ethics*; D014481:United States