title: [Mechanism of sarcoid granuloma formation--participation of cytokines and chemokines].
abstract: In sarcoidosis, unknown antigen(s) causes Th1-mediated granulomatous inflammation with cytokines such as IFN gamma and IL-12, initially. IL-16, IL-8, IP-10 and RANTES are participated in the accumulation of CD4+ T cell. For the chemotaxis of macrophages and monocytes, MCP-1, MIP1-alpha and RANTES are participated. Local proliferation of T cell is induced by IL-2 and IL-15 and that of macrophage/monocyte lineage is done by M-CSF, GM-CSF and G-CSF. Removal of the causative antigen(s) allows immune-suppressive cytokines such as TGF beta to downregulate the immune response and granuloma formation. Failure of removal of causative antigen(s) can induce prolonged existence of granuloma and irreversible fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical School.
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Katsuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oshikawa
mesh_terms: D018925:Chemokines / Q000502:physiology*; D002633:Chemotaxis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D006099:Granuloma / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines