title: Comparative studies of the efficacy of parvaquone and parvaquone-plus-frusemide in the treatment of Theileria parva infection (East Coast fever) in cattle.
abstract: Comparative studies of the efficacy of parvaquone (Parvexon) and parvaquone-plus-frusemide (Fruvexon) Bimeda Chemicals, Ireland, were done on 60 naturally infected cases of East Coast fever (ECF; Theileria parva infection in cattle). Small-scale dairy farmers in the peri-urban of Dar Es Salaam city reported ECF-suspected cases from March to mid-October 2001 and were treated with the two drugs alternately, as were diagnosed positive for ECF. Four sub-groups of 15 cattle each (early stage, 15; advanced stage, 15) were treated with parvaquone and parvaquone-plus-frusemide. Twenty-eight out of 30 (93.3%) cattle treated with parvaquone-plus-frusemide were cured, so do 24 out of 30 (80.0%) cattle treated with parvaquone without frusemide. Early diagnosis and prompt management of pulmonary signs, which accounted for 30.0% of total ECF cases is advised in order to improve cure rates. Unlike parvaquone without frusemide (Parvexon), parvaquone-plus-frusemide (Fruvexon) proved useful in the management of pulmonary signs, hence, a drug of choice in the treatment of ECF cases that are accompanied by or are likely to manifest pulmonary signs.
authors.affiliation: Animal Disease Research Institute, P.O. Box 9254, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. drd@ud.co.tz
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Mbwambo
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Sudi
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mkonyi
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mfinanga
authors.forename: E S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Mella
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Ngovi
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001831:Body Temperature; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D004232:Diuretics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005665:Furosemide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000592:standards / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D012737:Sex Factors; D013383:Suburban Population; D013636:Tanzania; D016797:Theileria parva / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D013801:Theileriasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D004232:Diuretics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D005665:Furosemide; C028032:parvaquone