title: Isoflurane alters angiotensin II-induced Ca2+ mobilization in aortic smooth muscle cells from hypertensive rats: implication of cytoskeleton.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiotensin II (AngII) is a potent vasoconstrictor involved in the short-term control of arterial blood pressure. Isoflurane was reported to decrease vascular tone through an alteration of vascular smooth muscle cell vasomotor response to several agonists, but its effect on AngII signaling is not known. On the other hand, vascular response to AngII is altered in hypertension. In this study, the authors tested the hypothesis that (1) isoflurane alters AngII-induced intracellular Ca mobilization in aortic vascular smooth muscle cell from Wistar Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats, and (2) this effect could be associated with an alteration of the organization of microtubular network, reported to be involved in AngII signaling.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of 0.5-3% isoflurane was studied (1) on AngII (10 m)-induced intracellular Ca mobilization, intracellular Ca release from internal stores, and Ca influx in Fura-2 loaded cultured aortic vascular smooth muscle cell isolated from 6-week-old Wistar Kyoto and spontaneously hypertensive rats, using fluorescent imaging microscopy; and (2) on the organization of cytoskeletal elements, using immunofluorescence labeling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both stains, isoflurane decreased in a concentration-dependent manner AngII-induced intracellular Ca mobilization, Ca release from internal stores, and Ca influx through nifedipine-insensitive Ca channels. This effect occurred at a lower concentrations of isoflurane in Wistar Kyoto rats than in spontaneously hypertensive rats. In both strains, the effect of isoflurane on AngII- Ca mobilization was abolished by impairment with nocodazole, vinblastine, or paclitaxel of microtubules polymerization. Isoflurane directly altered tubular network organization in a concentration-dependent and reversible manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isoflurane decreased AngII-induced Ca mobilization at clinically relevant concentrations, suggesting that vascular response to AngII could be altered during isoflurane anesthesia. The hypertensive strain was found less sensitive than the normotensive one. In both strains, the isoflurane effect was associated with a microtubular network interaction.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de Recherche Scientifique ESA 8078, Hôpital Marie Lannelongue, University Paris 11, Le Plessis Robinson, France. emmanuel.samain@bjn.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Samain
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bouillier
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rucker-Martin
authors.forename: Jean-Xavier
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Mazoit
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marty
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Renaud
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dagher
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D014404:Tubulin; D000804:Angiotensin II; D007530:Isoflurane; D002118:Calcium