title: Soluble syndecan-1 and serum basic fibroblast growth factor are new prognostic factors in lung cancer.
abstract: Syndecan-1 is a ubiquitous and multifunctional extracellular matrix proteoglycan,which mediates basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) binding and activity. Shedding of syndecan-1 ectodomain from the plasma membrane is highly regulated. We evaluated the influence of soluble syndecan-1 and serum bFGF determined by ELISA on outcome in 184 lung cancer patients (non-small cell lung cancer, n = 138; small cell lung cancer, n = 46). Serum syndecan-1 and bFGF levels were determined from sera taken before treatment. The median follow-up of the patients alive (n = 21) was 8.1 years (range, 6.6-8.9 years). High serum syndecan-1 and bFGF levels tended to occur in the same patients (P = 0.044). When the serum values corresponding to the highest tertile were used as the cutoff value, the median survival time of the patients with a high serum syndecan-1 level (>59 ng/ml) was 4 months [95% confidence interval (CI), 3-6 months] as compared with 11 months (9-16 months) among those with lower serum levels (P = 0.0001), and the median survival time of the patients with a high bFGF level (>3.4 pg/ml) was 5 months (3-8 months) versus 11 months (8-14 months) in those with a lower level (P = 0.023). In general, the prognostic influence of both factors was independent of the histological subtype. Both serum syndecan-1 level (relative risk, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-3.1) and serum bFGF level (relative risk, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.0-2.7) had independent influence on survival in a multivariate survival analysis in non-small cell lung cancer. We conclude that high serum syndecan-1 and bFGF levels at diagnosis are associated with poor outcome in lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, PO Box 180, FIN-00029 Helsinki. heikki.joensuu@hus.fi
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Joensuu
authors.forename: Anu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anttonen
authors.forename: Minna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mäkitaro
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alfthan
authors.forename: Vuokko
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kinnula
authors.forename: Sirpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leppä
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D001706:Biopsy; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D015996:Survival Rate; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; C508241:SDC1 protein, human; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2