Feeding trial on rainbow trout: comparison of dry fish feed and Baltic herring as a source of PCDD/Fs and PCBs.
Fish is an important source of dietary intake of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). To assess bioaccumulation of PCDD/Fs and PCBs in farm-raised fish, rainbow trout were fed with either Baltic herring or dry fish feed. Baltic herring feed had a PCDD/F sum concentration of 125 ng kg(-1) dry weight (d.w.), and dry fish feed contained 18.2 ng kg(-1) d.w. of PCDD/Fs. The PCB concentrations of Baltic herring and dry fish feed were 188 and 48.7 microg kg(-1) d.w., respectively. After feeding with Baltic herring for 4 months, the PCDD/F concentration of the rainbow trout fillet was 27.3 ng kg(-1) fresh weight (f.w.), which was 7.0-fold higher than the initial concentration. The PCDD/F concentration and congener profile in rainbow trout had become almost the same as in Baltic herring. PCDD/Fs were accumulated in the fillet with an efficiency of 21%. Feeding of rainbow trout with dry fish feed resulted in a PCDD/F concentration of 8.08 ng kg(-1) f.w., denoting a 2.1-fold increase from the initial level. The accumulation efficiency was 29%. Time trends in PCB concentrations followed those of PCDD/Fs. After 4 months, the PCB sum concentration in herring-fed rainbow trout was 94.4 pg kg(-1) f.w., whereas in dry fish feed-fed rainbow trout it was 38.6 microg kg(-1) f.w. Accumulation efficiencies of PCBs were higher than those of PCDD/Fs. Based on the accumulated PCDD/F and PCB concentrations, it was estimated that frequent consumption of rainbow trout fed with Baltic herring could lead to a human daily intake that exceeds the recommendation of WHO.
Isosaari
Pirjo
P
Department of Environmental Health, National Public Health Institute, Kuopio, Finland. pirjo.isosaari@ktl.fi
Vartiainen
Terttu
T
Hallikainen
Anja
A
Ruohonen
Kari
K
D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005506:Food Contamination; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls