title: Synthesis and photophysical properties of [3.3](3,9)carbazolophanes.
abstract: Syn- And anti-[3.3](3,9)carbazolophanes, which are suitable model compounds for sandwich and partial-overlap excimers, respectively, have been synthesized and characterized; the structures of both singlet and triplet carbazole excimer have been described.
authors.affiliation: Division of Natural Science, Osaka Kyoiku University, Asahigaoka, Kashiwara, Osaka 582-8582, Japan. ktani@cc.osaka-kyoiku.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tohda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohkita
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto