title: Growth inhibitory effects of the dual ErbB1/ErbB2 tyrosine kinase inhibitor PKI-166 on human prostate cancer xenografts.
abstract: Experiments with human prostate cancer cell lines have shown that forced overexpression of the ErbB2-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) promotes androgen-independent growth and increases androgen receptor-transcriptional activity in a ligand-independent fashion. To investigate the relationship between ErbB-RTK signaling and androgen in genetically unmanipulated human prostate cancer, we performed biochemical and biological studies with the dual ErbB1/ErbB2 RTK inhibitor PKI-166 using human prostate cancer xenograft models with isogenic sublines reflecting the transition from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent growth. In the presence of low androgen concentrations, PKI-166 showed profound growth-inhibitory effects on tumor growth, which could be partially reversed by androgen add-back. At physiological androgen concentrations, androgen withdrawal greatly enhanced the ability of PKI-166 to retard tumor growth. The level of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation correlated with the response to PKI-166 treatment, whereas the expression levels of ErbB1 and ErbB2 did not. These results suggest that ErbB1/ErbB2 RTKs play an important role in the biology of androgen-independent prostate cancer and provide a rationale for clinical evaluation of inhibitors targeted to this pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Ingo K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Mellinghoff
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Sawyers
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011758:Pyrroles; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; C410026:PKI 166