title: Cold shock response in sporulating Bacillus subtilis and its effect on spore heat resistance.
abstract: Cold shock and ethanol and puromycin stress responses in sporulating Bacillus subtilis cells have been investigated. We show that a total of 13 proteins are strongly induced after a short cold shock treatment of sporulating cells. The cold shock pretreatment affected the heat resistance of the spores formed subsequently, with spores heat killed at 85 or 90 degrees C being more heat resistant than the control spores while they were more heat sensitive than controls that were heat treated at 95 or 100 degrees C. However, B. subtilis spores with mutations in the main cold shock proteins, CspB, -C, and -D, did not display decreased heat resistance compared to controls, indicating that these proteins are not directly responsible for the increased heat resistance of the spores. The disappearance of the stress proteins later in sporulation suggests that they cannot be involved in repairing heat damage during spore germination and outgrowth but must alter spore structure in a way which increases or decreases heat resistance. Since heat, ethanol, and puromycin stress produce similar proteins and similar changes in spore heat resistance while cold shock is different in both respects, these alterations appear to be very specific.
authors.affiliation: Division of Food Sciences, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Sutton Bonington, Loughborough, Leicestershire LE12 5RD, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Movahedi
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Waites
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018869:Heat-Shock Response; D006358:Hot Temperature; D011691:Puromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C407094:cold shock protein, Bacillus; D000431:Ethanol; D011691:Puromycin