title: Telemetric recording of sleep and home cage activity in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study assessed differences in spontaneous sleep and locomotor activity in inbred and hybrid mouse strains and evaluated telemetry for recording sleep in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Uninterrupted recordings of sleep and home cage activity were obtained in four mouse strains. Pre-operative and post-operative home cage activity was obtained in two strains.
  
  
  METHODS
  N/A PARTICIPANTS: The subjects were mice of three inbred (C57BL/6J (B6), n=25; BALB/cJ (C), n=24; DBA/2J (D2), n=30) strains and one hybrid (CB6F1/J (CB6: C x B6), n=19) strain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electroencephalogram (EEG) and activity were recorded by telemetry, and behavioral states were visually scored based on EEG and activity records. Home cage activity was determined utilizing photobeam interruptions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1) Among the three inbred strains: C mice had the least sleep and the greatest amount of activity; D2 mice exhibited the least non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep, the longest average NREM-bout length, and the greatest diurnal ratio of sleep and were the most inactive; B6 mice had the most sleep and an intermediate activity level; no differences among inbred strains were observed in total REM. The CB6 mice exhibited intermediate levels of total sleep and activity and had greater amounts of REM compared to its parental strains. 2) Total operative mortality was 9.3%, with all deaths occurring within 3 to 9 days after the operation; significant reductions in activity were observed after the operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences in spontaneous sleep and activity exist among inbred and hybrid mouse strains. Accurate determination of sleep states in mice can be achieved with telemetrically recorded EEG and activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Anatomy, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk 23501, USA.
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Larry D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Sanford
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004569:Electroencephalography; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000502:physiology; D013686:Telemetry / Q000295:instrumentation*