title: Dose-effect of interleukin-10 and its immunoregulatory role in Crohn's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is currently being extensively studied in clinical trials for the treatment of Crohn's disease (CD). Only marginal effects have, however, been reported, and the dose-response curve was bell-shaped contrasting with the reported data from in vitro experiments.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To use another in vitro model to analyze the effect of rhIL-10 and rhIL-4 on the spontaneous mucosal TNF-alpha secretion in patients with CD, and to characterize the phenotype of the cells targeted by rhIL-10.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-inflamed colon biopsies from CD patients were cultured for 16 hours in presence of different concentrations of rhIL-10 or rhIL-4. The numbers of TNF-alpha-secreting cells among isolated lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMNC) were estimated by Elispot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both rhIL-10 and rhIL-4 down-regulate TNF-alpha secretion by LPMNC from CD patients, with a more pronounced effect with rhIL-10. These effects were closely linked to the cytokine concentrations used, with a bell-shaped dose-response curve. Residual TNF-alpha secretion, in the presence of optimal rhIL-10 concentration was mainly attributable to CD3+ T cells. In contrast, at higher rhIL-10 concentrations, CD3- cells contributed significantly to the TNF-alpha secretion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The in vitro model we used, demonstrates that IL-4, but mostly IL-10, efficiently suppresses TNF-alpha secretion in LPMNC from CD patients, with a dose-response curve similar to results obtained in vivo. Resistance at high rhIL-10 concentrations was associated with a change in the phenotype of TNF-alpha-secreting cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Hôpital Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, 808 route de Lennik, B-1070 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schmit
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carol
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bontems
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Houben
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Van Gossum
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mascart
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma