[Acute complications in cocaine users].
Cocaine use has increased considerably during the last twenty years and several related complications can be identified. Clinical features of cocaine intoxication are variable, but predominantly involve cardiovascular events. Chest pain is the most main complaint; myocardial ischemia must be ruled out. Other cardiovascular manifestations are left ventricular dysfunction, arrhythmia, endocarditis and aortic dissection. Non-cardiac complications include neurological (seizures, stroke, cerebral hemorrhage), respiratory (asthma, interstitial pneumonitis, pulmonary edema), renal (acute renal failure, rhabdomyolysis) and obstetrical disorders. Detection of cocaine in the urine provides the diagnosis. Symptomatic treatment is generally given, combining conventional treatment of the complication and broad use of benzodiazepines.
Guerot
Emmanuel
E
Service de Réanimation Médicale, Hôpital Européen Georges-Pompidou, 20, rue Leblanc, 75908 Paris Cedex 15, France. emmanuel.guerot@hop.egp.ap-hop-paris.fr
Sanchez
Olivier
O
Diehl
Jean-Luc
JL
Fagon
Jean-Yves
JY
D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D003042:Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000139:chemically induced
D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D003042:Cocaine