title: Hot-fluid annealing for crystalline titanium dioxide nanoparticles in stable suspension.
abstract: Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) nanoparticles were synthesized by controlled hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide in reverse micelles in a hydrocarbon solvent. Upon annealing in situ in the presence of the micelles at temperatures considerably lower than those required for the traditional calcination treatment in the solid state, the TiO(2) nanoparticles became highly crystalline but still maintained the same physical parameters and remained in a stable suspension. Thus, the method has allowed the preparation of crystalline TiO(2) nanoparticles that are monodispersed in the same way as they are initially produced in the microemulsion. Effects of the fluid properties on the crystallization of nanoparticles are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Engineering Fibers and Films, Howard L. Hunter Chemistry Laboratory, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634-0973, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mohammed J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Meziani
authors.forename: Lawrence F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Allard
authors.forename: Ya-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Sun