title: Factors that influence the recruitment of patients to Phase III studies in oncology: the perspective of the clinical research associate.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The multiple determinants of a patient's decision to enter into a clinical trial have been explored largely from the perspectives of patients and their physicians. Little research has involved clinical research associates (CRAs) formally, despite their central role in the process of recruitment. The current study was initiated to explore the factors that influence the decision of patients with cancer regarding clinical trial entry, specifically from the perspective of the CRA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two focus groups of CRAs from the Hamilton Regional Cancer Center were organized. A skilled facilitator guided both groups through exploratory and subsequent confirmatory phases of discussions, which were audiotaped for review and coding using a process of consensus employing intercoder triangulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups identified a number of factors that they believed influenced the recruitment process. Numerous physician and patient factors were reaffirmed, such as the impression of the scientific merit of a study or the sense of personal benefit, respectively. More uniquely, CRAs identified information transfer within the informed consent process as a major aspect of their specialized role. It was believed that full disclosure of information, in terms of both the content and the techniques and styles of delivery, was an important predictor of recruitment success. The groups quickly reached consensus on which factors they believed were the most important overall with respect to influencing study recruitment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CRAs appear to have a unique role in the process of recruiting patients to active clinical trials. They believe that they have an important influence on recruitment success. Further research to validate this impression is required, because, ultimately, a greater understanding of the relative roles of physician and patient factors and, potentially, CRA factors will be important in the development of ethical and supportive strategies to optimize the recruitment of patients with cancer into randomized clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Hamilton Regional Cancer Centre, Cancer Care Ontario, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. jim.wright@hrcc.on.ca
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Dauna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crooks
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mings
authors.forename: Tim J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Whelan
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002173:Cancer Care Facilities; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003657:Decision Making; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D010358:Patient Participation; D018579:Patient Selection; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations