title: Intraoperative capsular block syndrome masquerading as expulsive hemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical features of two cases of intraoperative capsular block syndrome (CBS) mimicking expulsive hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Eye Institute at Tan Tock Seng Hospital, National Healthcare Group, Singapore.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two case reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients underwent phacoemulsification under retrobulbar anesthesia and developed severe globe hardening, shallow anterior chamber (AC) and uveal prolapse intraoperatively after hydrodissection. The AC spontaneously deepened in one patient and the operation was converted to extracapsular cataract surgery on suspicion of CBS with posterior capsule rupture, which was confirmed after nucleus expression; anterior vitrectomy was done and an anterior chamber lens implanted. At the eight post-operative month, his best-corrected visual acuity was 6/24 secondary to an epiretinal membrane in the macula. CBS, however, was not recognized in the other patient and caused posterior lens dislocation during attempted phacoemulsification. This patient underwent vitrectomy, removal of the lens nucleus and insertion of a posterior chamber intraocular lens in the sulcus the next day. His best-corrected visual acuity was 6/9 at the tenth postoperative month.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative CBS may mimic expulsive hemorrhage. Early diagnosis of this condition and proper management optimizes the visual outcome.
authors.affiliation: The Eye Institute, National Healthcare Group, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore.
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Au Eong
authors.forename: V S H
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Yong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005130:Eye Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D007903:Lens Capsule, Crystalline / Q000473:pathology*; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000009:adverse effects; D013577:Syndrome; D014792:Visual Acuity