title: Review of the clinical, histological, and molecular aspects of pancreatic endocrine neoplasms.
abstract: Pancreatic endocrine neoplasms (PENs) are rare tumors, and little is known about their genetic and chromosomal alterations. Elucidation of the molecular events involved in PEN carcinogenesis has been hindered by the fact that PENs have been considered a single disease entity. The emergence of novel molecular characterization strategies has, however, made it apparent that these lesions exhibit diverse molecular fingerprints, which will facilitate the precise delineation of PEN prognosis, histopathology, and carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Gumbs
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falconi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bassi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beghelli
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Modlin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scarpa
mesh_terms: D018273:Carcinoma, Islet Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D018761:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis