title: The transcytosis of divalent metal transporter 1 and apo-transferrin during iron uptake in intestinal epithelium.
abstract: Caco-2 cells grown in bicameral chambers are a model system to study intestinal iron absorption. Caco-2 cells exhibit constitutive transport of iron from the apical (luminal) chamber to the basal (serosal) chamber that is enhanced by apo-transferrin in the basal chamber, with the apo-transferrin undergoing endocytosis to the apical portion of the cell. With the addition of iron to the apical surface, divalent metal transporter 1 (DMT1) on the brush-border membrane (BBM) undergoes endocytosis. These findings suggest that in Caco-2 cells DMT1 and apo-transferrin may cooperate in iron transport through transcytosis. To prove this hypothesis, we determined by confocal microscopy that, after addition of iron to the apical chamber, DMT1 from the BBM and Texas red apo-transferrin from the basal chamber colocalized in a perinuclear compartment. Colocalization was also observed by isolating endosomes from Caco-2 cells after ingestion of ultra-small paramagnetic particles from either the basal or apical chamber. The isolated endosomes contained both transferrin and DMT1 independent of the chamber from which the paramagnetic particles were endocytosed. These findings suggest that iron transport across intestinal epithelia may be mediated by transcytosis.
authors.affiliation: Feist-Weiller Cancer Center and Department of Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, Louisiana 71130, USA.
authors.forename: Yuxiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Specian
authors.forename: Kwo-Yih
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Paris
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glass
mesh_terms: D001059:Apoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D004705:Endocytosis; D011992:Endosomes / Q000737:chemistry; D005089:Exocytosis; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins; D007700:Kinetics; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008871:Microvilli / Q000378:metabolism; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099236:Solute Carrier Family 11, Member 2
chemical_list: D001059:Apoproteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D007106:Immune Sera; D007501:Iron; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins; D014168:Transferrin; D000099236:Solute Carrier Family 11, Member 2; C028284:apotransferrin