Clozapine intoxication in a dog.
Intoxication with clozapine in a dog, suspected from history and clinical signs at presentation, was confirmed by demonstration of decreasing serum levels of this drug. Clozapine is a tricyclic dibenzodiazepine used for treatment of human schizophrenia, and clinical signs of intoxication in humans include tachycardia, seizures, muscle fasciculations, agitation, and sialorrhea. This dog showed ptyalism, hyperthermia, tachycardia, and was easily excited by tactile or auditory stimulation. The calculated peak concentration of clozapine in this dog was approximately 6,000 ng/mL, and the elimination half-life (t(1/2)) was 5 hours. Charcoal administration and supportive care led to a successful outcome in this patient.
Fransson
Boel A
BA
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-7060, USA.
Mealey
Katrina A
KA
Dutta
Sarah R
SR
D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning*; D002606:Charcoal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003024:Clozapine / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000506:poisoning*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D011041:Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002606:Charcoal; D003024:Clozapine