title: Clinical, endocrine and metabolic studies in the kindred of familial partial lipodystrophy--a syndrome of insulin resistance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study clinical, endocrine and metabolic profiles in the kindred of subjects with familial partial lipodystrophy (FPLD, Dunnigan type).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty two relatives (10 males, 12 females), from an extended family with FPLD, were assessed for the phenotypic features, impaired glucose tolerance (IGT)/diabetes mellitus (DM), dyslipidemia and the presence of insulin resistance. Plasma glucose and serum lipids were measured using glucose oxidase and standard colorimetric methods. Serum insulin was estimated by radioimmunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age was 12 to 67 years, two being adolescents. Two of the 20 adults were overweight and eight were underweight; BMI (adults) was 15.5 to 28.5. Features of FPLD were evident among eight out of 12 women. This typical phenotype was not obvious in all 10 male members. Varying degree of Hirsuitism was observed in four of 12 women, acanthosis nigricans in 11 out of 22 members and skin tags were present in only eight of 22; hypertension in six members and diabetes in four. Eleven members had either impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) (n=7), or DM (n=4). Ten of 20 members showed hyperinsulinemic response on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Dyslipidemia was present in 13 family members.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority (2/3rd) of female members showed typical phenotypic features of FPLD, with a clustering of cardiovascular risk factors and insulin resistance syndrome. More than half the men without phenotypic features of FPLD had either IGT/DM, dyslipidemia, hypertension or cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Bhavan's SPARC, JVPD Sheme, Mumbai.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Vaidya
authors.forename: A D B
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Vaidya
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Talwalkar
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Mehtalia
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shringi
authors.forename: S N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Pandey
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Godse
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sheth
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Kamdar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004702:Endocrine Glands / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D008060:Lipodystrophy / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013577:Syndrome