title: Surgical tracheostomy versus percutaneous dilational tracheostomy in patients with anterior cervical spine fixation: preliminary report.
abstract: METHODS
  A prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the incidence of perioperative and early postoperative complications of surgical tracheostomy (ST) vs. ultrasound-guided percutaneous dilational tracheostomy (PDT) in patients with anterior cervical spine fixation (ACSF).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The patients with ACSF after acute spinal cord injury often require tracheostomy. Surgical tracheostomy is burdened with relatively high incidence of peristomal infections, and, recently, ultrasound-guided PDT is proposed in patients with ACSF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen adult patients who underwent tracheostomy after acute spinal cord injury and ACSF were analyzed. The patients were randomly assigned to two groups: eight patients (six males; age range, 24-59 years) who underwent ST and eight patients (seven males; age range, 19-47 years) who underwent ultrasound-guided PDT with dilational forceps technique. The incidence of peri- and early postoperative complications was followed up, as well as the stoma infections and the duration of the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Not one patient from either group had any major perioperative complication of tracheostomy. In each group, there was one case of prolonged bleeding, which stopped spontaneously inside 24 hours. In two patients (25%) from the ST group, purulent infection of the stoma was verified during subsequent treatment at an intensive care unit. The average time of ST was 21 +/- 7 minutes; the average time of ultrasound-guided PDT was 8 +/- 6 minutes (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our preliminary data demonstrate that ultrasound-guided PDT as regards to complications is at least equally safe as ST; at the same time, it is much quicker method, probably with less late infections of the stoma, which could be an important advantage in patients with ACSF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Rijeka, Croatia. alans@mamed.medri.hr
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sustić
authors.forename: Bozidar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krstulović
authors.forename: Neven
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eskinja
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zelić
authors.forename: Darko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ledić
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turina
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000517:prevention & control; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000009:adverse effects; D013131:Spine / Q000601:surgery*; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014139:Tracheostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography