title: Telomere maintenance in telomerase-positive human ovarian SKOV-3 cells cannot be retarded by complete inhibition of telomerase.
abstract: The two known mechanisms for telomere maintenance in eukaryocytes are telomerase in telomerase-positive cells and alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) in telomerase-negative cells. We report here that telomere maintenance in the telomerase-positive human ovarian SKOV-3 cells was not affected by inhibition of telomerase. For comparison, the effect of telomerase inhibitors on telomere maintenance in another telomerase-positive cell line (i.e. human pharynx FaDu cells) and the telomerase-negative human osteosarcoma Saos-2 cells was examined. Telomerase activity was measured using a modified telomeric repeat amplification protocol and telomere length was measured using a solution hybridization-based method and fluorescence in situ hybridization. A reverse transcriptase inhibitor (3'-azido-deoxythymidine or AZT) and an antisense against a component of human telomerase RNA (antisense hTR) were used to inhibit telomerase. FaDu and SKOV-3 cells showed comparable baseline telomerase activity. Telomerase activity in both cells was inhibited about equally by AZT (maximal inhibition of approximately 80%) and by expression of antisense hTR (complete inhibition in SKOV-3 cells and maximal inhibition of approximately 80% in FaDu cells). However, treatment with telomerase inhibitors resulted in approximately 50% telomere shortening in FaDu cells but had no effect on SKOV-3 nor Saos-2 cells. SKOV-3 cells did not show the characteristic features of ALT (i.e. heterogeneous telomere length and promyelocytic leukemia bodies), whereas these ALT features were observed in Saos-2 cells. Collectively, these results suggest the existence of a telomerase-independent mechanism of telomere maintenance in the telomerase-positive SKOV-3 cells.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, 500 West 12th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Yuebo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Yiqun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: M Guillaume
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Wientjes
authors.forename: Jessie L-S
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Au
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010614:Pharynx / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D019098:Telomerase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016615:Telomere / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D015215:Zidovudine; D019098:Telomerase