title: Cervical spine lesions after road traffic accidents: a systematic review.
abstract: METHODS
  A systematic critical literature review.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether occult pathoanatomical lesions in the cervical spine of road traffic fatalities exist and if they can be identified using optimal autopsy techniques.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Previous investigations have examined pathoanatomical conditions of the cervical spine of road traffic fatalities. However, different methods of investigation have been used, and results of studies are conflicting. Hence, potential pathoanatomical conditions in fatalities and survivors remain a controversial issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Articles were retrieved searching the MEDLINE, Mantis, and Cochrane libraries. Studies examining the cervical spine of road traffic fatalities at autopsy were included and evaluated according to a set of quality criteria. For in-depth review, only studies using surface cryoplaning microtomy autopsy technique and a control group were included.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven articles of which three fulfilled the quality criteria were reviewed. In these studies, subtle pathoanatomical lesions were found in the cervical intervertebral discs, cartilaginous endplates, and the articular surfaces and capsules of the zygapophysial joints. The lesions were found exclusively in the traumatized patients and in none of the patients in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Occult pathoanatomical lesions in the cervical intervertebral disc and zygapophysial joints after fatal road traffic trauma may exist. Present imaging methods, especially conventional radiography, do not visualize these subtle lesions; hence, underreporting of pathoanatomical lesions during standard autopsy is probably common. These findings may have clinical relevance in the management of road traffic trauma survivors with potentially similar pathoanatomy.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark. nikkb@nikkb.dk
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Uhrenholt
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grunnet-Nilsson
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hartvigsen
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D001344:Autopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D013124:Spinal Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D021801:Zygapophyseal Joint / Q000473:pathology