title: Progesterone inhibits rejection of xenogeneic transplants in the sheep uterus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One of the proposed roles of progesterone is to prevent maternal immunological destruction of the allogeneic conceptus. Here, it was demonstrated that progesterone allows survival of a xenotransplant placed in the uterine lumen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ovariectomized ewes, surgically prepared to have ligatures around each uterine horn, were given daily subcutaneous injections of 50 mg progesterone or vehicle (sesame oil). After 30 days of treatment, mouse hybridoma cells were transplanted to one ligated uterine horn and phosphate-buffered saline was injected into the other horn. The uterus was flushed after an additional 14 days of treatment and hybridoma cells were identified by immunofluorescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, hybridoma cells were recovered from 4 of 5 progesterone-treated ewes and 1 of 5 vehicle-treated ewes. Immunohistochemical analysis of intercaruncular endometrium using antibodies towards CD8, gammadelta, and CD45R lymphocyte markers revealed that local presence of hybridoma cells caused a significant increase in CD8+ cells in all tissue compartments. While not significant, the numbers of CD8+ cells in the luminal and glandular epithelium were lower for progesterone-treated ewes. Progesterone tended to increase gammadelta T cell numbers in the glandular epithelium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results demonstrate that xenograft rejection in the uterus is associated with an increase in CD8+ cells in the endometrium and that progesterone can inhibit uterine tissue graft rejection responses sufficiently to allow survival or delay rejection of xenograft tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Fla. 32611-0920, USA.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Majewski
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D002452:Cell Count; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006825:Hybridomas / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000032:analysis; D012756:Sheep; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014599:Uterus / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D011374:Progesterone; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens