title: Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a unique mammalian cardiac Na(v) channel isoform with low sensitivity to the synthetic inactivation inhibitor (-)-(S)-6-amino-alpha-[(4-diphenylmethyl-1-piperazinyl)-methyl]-9H-purine-9-ethanol (SDZ 211-939).
abstract: Cardiac voltage-dependent sodium channels (Na(v)) are drug targets for synthetic inactivation inhibitors typified by (+/-)-4- [3-(4-diphenylmethyl-1-piperazinyl)-2-hydroxy propoxy]-1H-indole-2-carbonitrile (DPI 201-106), of which the molecular mode of action is not yet defined. The previous observation by Mevissen and coworkers in 2001 of the electrophysiological ineffectiveness of DPI 201-106 in the bovine heart, in contrast to other species, offers the opportunity for investigating these open questions. We now report about the molecular cloning, expression in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and electrophysiological characterization of a unique bovine heart sodium channel. Although the predicted 2022-amino acid bovine heart sodium channel (bH1) shares 92% identity with the rat and human isoforms and normal gating properties, it displays drastically reduced sensitivity to (-)-(S)-6-amino-alpha-[(4-diphenylmethyl-1-piperazinyl)-methyl]-9H-purine-9-ethanol (SDZ 211-939). Experimental results with Anemonia sulcata toxin II (0.1-2.5 microM) exclude the possibility of an overall insensitivity of this isoform to various sodium channel modulators. The binding of SDZ 211-939 seems to be largely unaffected (EC(50) of 10.3 and 10.6 microM for bovine and rat isoforms, respectively) but the corresponding efficacy in bovine (V(m) of 0.15) is approximately 5 times smaller compared with the rat heart isoform (V(m) of 0.69). The comparison of the primary structure of bH1 to other sodium channels and the gating properties obtained in presence or absence of SDZ 211-939 revealed a high degree of similarity. Whether the mechanism of channel modulation depends on the interaction of synthetic modulators with some possibly voltage-independent part of the inactivation machinery needs to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Veterinary Pharmacology, University of Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Denac
authors.forename: Meike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mevissen
authors.forename: Frank J P
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Kühn
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kühn
authors.forename: Christophe T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Guionaud
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scholtysik
authors.forename: Nikolaus G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Greeff
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C466793:6-amino-alpha-((4-diphenylmethyl-1-piperazinyl)methyl)-9H-purine-9-ethanol; D017931:DNA Primers; D010879:Piperazines; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011687:Purines; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D015222:Sodium Channels