title: Centrosomal proteins CG-NAP and kendrin provide microtubule nucleation sites by anchoring gamma-tubulin ring complex.
abstract: Microtubule assembly is initiated by the gamma-tubulin ring complex (gamma-TuRC). In yeast, the microtubule is nucleated from gamma-TuRC anchored to the amino-terminus of the spindle pole body component Spc110p, which interacts with calmodulin (Cmd1p) at the carboxy-terminus. However, mammalian protein that anchors gamma-TuRC remains to be elucidated. A giant coiled-coil protein, CG-NAP (centrosome and Golgi localized PKN-associated protein), was localized to the centrosome via the carboxyl-terminal region. This region was found to interact with calmodulin by yeast two-hybrid screening, and it shares high homology with the carboxyl-terminal region of another centrosomal coiled-coil protein, kendrin. The amino-terminal region of either CG-NAP or kendrin indirectly associated with gamma-tubulin through binding with gamma-tubulin complex protein 2 (GCP2) and/or GCP3. Furthermore, endogenous CG-NAP and kendrin were coimmunoprecipitated with each other and with endogenous GCP2 and gamma-tubulin, suggesting that CG-NAP and kendrin form complexes and interact with gamma-TuRC in vivo. These proteins were localized to the center of microtubule asters nucleated from isolated centrosomes. Pretreatment of the centrosomes by antibody to CG-NAP or kendrin moderately inhibited the microtubule nucleation; moreover, the combination of these antibodies resulted in stronger inhibition. These results imply that CG-NAP and kendrin provide sites for microtubule nucleation in the mammalian centrosome by anchoring gamma-TuRC.
authors.affiliation: Biosignal Research Center, Kobe University, Japan.
authors.forename: Mikiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamagiwa
authors.forename: Tamako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ono
mesh_terms: D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D019556:COS Cells; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D018385:Centrosome / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014162:Transfection; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins; C119719:AKAP9 protein, human; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002148:Calmodulin-Binding Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; C112305:TUBGCP2 protein, human; C112306:TUBGCP3 protein, human; D014404:Tubulin; C410004:kendrin