title: Homer regulates gain of ryanodine receptor type 1 channel complex.
abstract: Homer proteins form an adapter system that regulates coupling of group 1 metabotropic glutamate receptors with intracellular inositol trisphosphate receptors and is modified by neuronal activity. Here, we demonstrate that Homer proteins also physically associate with ryanodine receptors type 1 (RyR1) and regulate gating responses to Ca(2+), depolarization, and caffeine. In contrast to the prevailing notion of Homer function, Homer1c (long form) and Homer1-EVH1 (short form) evoke similar changes in RyR activity. The EVH1 domain mediates these actions of Homer and is selectively blocked by a peptide that mimics the Homer ligand. 1B5 dyspedic myotubes expressing RyR1 with a point mutation of a putative Homer-binding domain exhibit significantly reduced (approximately 33%) amplitude in their responses to K(+) depolarization compared with cells expressing wild type protein. These results reveal that in addition to its known role as an adapter protein, Homer is a direct modulator of Ca(2+) release gain. Homer is the first example of an "adapter" that also modifies signaling properties of its target protein. The present work reveals a novel mechanism by which Homer directly modulates the function of its target protein RyR1 and excitation-contraction coupling in skeletal myotubes. This form of regulation may be important in other cell types that express Homer and RyR1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Jiancheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Tianzhong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Patty Shih
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Vernon
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Paul F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Worley
authors.forename: Isaac N
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Pessah
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002110:Caffeine / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D000072233:Homer Scaffolding Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000378:metabolism; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D011817:Rabbits; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000378:metabolism; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D000072233:Homer Scaffolding Proteins; C000606624:Homer1 protein, rat; D008024:Ligands; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009479:Neuropeptides; D010455:Peptides; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D012433:Ryanodine; D002110:Caffeine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D002118:Calcium