title: Sampling methods as abundance indices for adult Diaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) in citrus.
abstract: Beat sampling and two type of traps, cup traps and Tedders traps, were evaluated as sampling methods to detect and estimate population densities of adult Diaprepes abbreviatus L. weevils newly colonizing young citrus trees. The study was conducted over a 65-wk period across a 0.25-ha area of 80 citrus trees [Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck] (1.2-1.5 m tall). Beat samples were taken weekly to determine the number of trees infested and number of new adult weevils per tree. Sixteen of the 80 trees studied were each monitored weekly using one of the following trapping methods: cup traps in trees, cup traps on a stake in the ground within the tree drip line, cup traps on a stake in the ground outside of the drip line, Tedders traps on the ground within the drip line, and Tedders traps on the ground outside of the drip line. Weevils collected each week from trees and traps were removed from the study site. Based on the coefficients associated with Taylor's power law, the optimum numbers of trees to sample for an SEM equal to 25% of the mean estimate decreased from 50 trees at a mean of 0.5 new weevils per tree to 30 trees at a mean of 0.8 new weevils per tree. A significant relationship was found between the weekly mean number of new weevils per tree and the proportion of trees infested, a binomial relationship that could be further explored in the search for a sampling program for adult D. abbreviatus. Regression analyses indicated that three of the trapping methods served at least as weak indices of the presence and abundance of new weevils: cup traps in trees, Tedders traps inside the dripline and Tedders traps outside the dripline. Cup traps in trees and Tedders traps inside the dripline captured the most weevils and most frequently detected weevils. Although relatively inefficient as abundance indices of populations of new weevils, these two trapping methods appeared to have some value with respect to signaling when weevils first appeared in trees during the spring.
authors.affiliation: Citrus Research and Education Center, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Lake Alfred 33850, USA. hnn@lal.ufl.edu
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Nigg
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: S U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Rehman
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bas
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cuyler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002957:Citrus; D001517:Coleoptera; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods; D011156:Population Density