title: Concurrent spirochaetal infections of the feet and colon of cattle in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe spirochaetal infections in the feet and colon of cattle affected with papillomatous digital dermatitis (PDD) and colitis respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-two slaughtered animals were macroscopically examined for the presence of PDD. Tissues of two cattle affected with PDD were examined by histology, immunohistochemistry, electron microscopy and bacteriology for spirochaetal infection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two adult cattle (a 2-year-old beef bullock and 7-year-old Holstein dairy cow) were affected with PDD. Histologically, numerous argyrophilic and gram-negative filamentous or spiral spirochaetes were found deep in the PDD lesions. Epithelial and goblet cell hyperplasia and oedema of the lamina propria mucosa with macrophage and lymphocyte infiltration were observed in the caecum and colon in the cattle. Numerous spirochaetes were present in the crypts and some had invaded epithelial and goblet cells, and caused their degeneration. Immunohistochemically the organisms stained positively with polyclonal antisera against Treponema pallidum and Brachyspira (Serpulina) hyodysenteriae. Ultrastructurally, the intestinal spirochaetes were similar to the spirochaetes in PDD. They were 6 to 14 pm long, 0.2 to 0.3 pm wide and had 4 to 6 coils and 9 axial filaments per cell. Campylobacter species were isolated from the PDD and intestinal lesions, but spirochaetes were not.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concurrent infections with morphologically similar spirochaetal organisms may occur in the feet and colon of cattle in Japan.
authors.affiliation: Hokkaido Research Station, National Institute of Animal Health, Toyohira, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibahara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogihara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadota
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D003092:Colitis / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003106:Colon / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005533:Foot Dermatoses / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D006724:Hoof and Claw / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000662:veterinary; D013144:Spirochaetales / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013145:Spirochaetales Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*