title: Advances in cosmetic oculoplastic surgery.
abstract: According to the American Society for Aesthetic Plastic Surgery, in the year 2000 over 5.7 million cosmetic surgical and nonsurgical procedures were performed in the United States. This was a 25% increase above the total number performed in 1999. The most popular of these procedures was botulinum toxin injection, followed by chemical peels and microdermabrasion. As the field of plastic and reconstructive surgery changes, so does the scope of the oculoplastic surgeon. This review article summarizes those developments in aesthetic surgery that are recent additions to the practice of aesthetic oculoplastic surgery. It highlights the most recent literature discussing brow and midface lifts, skin lasers, microdermabrasion, upper and lower blepharoplasty, chemical peels, botulinum toxin, and fat sculpturing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, U.S.A.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Morgenstern
authors.forename: Jill A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002615:Chemexfoliation / Q000379:methods; D003869:Dermabrasion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A