title: Use of routine ventrodorsal radiographic views of the pelvis to assess inclination of the wings of the sacrum in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the ratio of ventral-to-dorsal transverse diameters between the wings of the sacrum on ventrodorsal radiographic views of the pelvis in large dogs and to validate the reliability of this morphometric analysis for functional interpretation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pelvic specimens from 40 large-breed dogs and radiographs of 113 large-breed dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  In an anatomic and radiographic evaluation, the transverse dorsal diameter (TVDS) and transverse ventral diameter (TVV) between the wings of the sacrum were evaluated in sacrum specimens and on corresponding radiographs of the pelvis and sacrum. The ratio between TVV and TVDS (VD ratio) was calculated. Intraobserver reliability was determined by calculation of the coefficient of variation. In a retrospective radiographic evaluation, the VD ratio was determined in Rottweilers, Golden Retrievers, and German Shepherd Dogs. Correlations between VD ratio and breed, age, and sex were tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The VD ratio was significantly higher in Rottweilers than in Golden Retrievers and German Shepherd Dogs, denoting an oblique alignment of the sacral wings in Rottweilers (ie, the dorsal aspects of the sacral wings were located more medially than the ventral aspects) and an almost sagittal alignment in the other breeds. The VD ratio was significantly associated with age but not with sex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sagittal alignment of the wings of the sacrum is considered to be biomechanically less efficient. These results provide a basis for further studies to evaluate radiographic assessment of the sacroiliac joints similar to the evaluation for hip dysplasia.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anatomy, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Sabine M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Breit
authors.forename: Iris M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Knaus
authors.forename: Wolfgang W F
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Künzel
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D012447:Sacrum / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012727:Sex Characteristics