Oxidative stress, antioxidants and stress tolerance.
Traditionally, reactive oxygen intermediates (ROIs) were considered to be toxic by-products of aerobic metabolism, which were disposed of using antioxidants. However, in recent years, it has become apparent that plants actively produce ROIs as signaling molecules to control processes such as programmed cell death, abiotic stress responses, pathogen defense and systemic signaling. Recent advances including microarray studies and the development of mutants with altered ROI-scavenging mechanisms provide new insights into how the steady-state level of ROIs are controlled in cells. In addition, key steps of the signal transduction pathway that senses ROIs in plants have been identified. These raise several intriguing questions about the relationships between ROI signaling, ROI stress and the production and scavenging of ROIs in the different cellular compartments.
Mittler
Ron
R
Dept of Botany, Plant Sciences Institute, 353 Bessey Hall, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. rmittler@iastate.edu
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D059828:Plant Cells; D010944:Plants / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010100:Oxygen