title: Autoantibodies against the myocardial beta1-adrenergic and M2-muscarinic receptors in patients with congestive heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether autoantibodies against beta(1)-adrenergic and M(2)-muscarinic receptors are related to patients with congestive heart failure (CHF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Both synthetic peptides corresponding to amino acids sequence 197-222 and 169-173 of the second extracellular loops of the beta(1) and M(2) receptors were used as antigens to screen sera from 265 patients.188 were congestive heart failure ( CHF) patients with different heart diseases, among them 42 were ischemic cardiomyopathy (ICD) and 52 were idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDCM)  44 were hypertensive heart disease (HHD)  50 were rheumatic valvular heart disease (RVHD); 77 were controls, among them 36 were simple hypertension and 41 were healthy donors (NC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive sera for beta(1)-adrenergic receptor was found in 45.73% (86/188) of CHF patients, while in the controls it was 10.4% (8/77) (P < 0.01); positive sera for M(2)-muscarinic receptor in CHF patients was found in 49.5% (99/188), while in the control it was 11.7% (9/77) (P < 0.01). The positive ratio of autoantibodies against beta(1)-adrenergic and M(2)-muscarinic receptors in CHF patients with cardiac function class II-III (NYHA) were significantly higher than cardiac function class IV. The average titer of autoantibodies against beta(1)-adrenergic and M(2)-muscarinic receptors of the former was significantly higher than the latter; 56.1% of patients with autoantibodies against beta(1)-adrenergic receptor had autoantibodies against M(2)-muscarinic receptor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Autoantibodies against beta(1)-adrenergic receptor and M(2)-muscarinic receptor were found in sera from heart failure patients with different cardiac diseases. We propose that autoantibodies against beta(1) and M(2) receptors are not only related to the IDCM, but also to cardiac structural and functional changes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Heart Center, Beijing Chao Yang Hospital, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dayi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yafeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xiulan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xinchun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic