title: Exertion of the suppressive effects of IFN-gamma on experimental immune mediated blepharoconjunctivitis in Brown Norway rats during the induction phase but not the effector phase.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) knockout mice exhibit severe allergic conjunctivitis (AC), indicating that IFN-gamma regulates the development of AC. The authors examined whether this inhibitory effect of IFN-gamma is exerted during the induction or effector phase of experimental AC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental immune mediated blepharoconjunctivitis (EC) was induced in Brown Norway (BN) rats, using ovalbumin (OVA) as the antigen. To investigate the role of IFN-gamma in the induction phase, EC was induced by active immunisation and IFN-gamma (10 micro g/time, total 70 micro g), or phosphate buffered saline (PBS) as a control, was injected intraperitoneally every other day from the day of immunisation. The rats were challenged with OVA eye drops 13 days after immunisation, and 24 hours later, the eyes were harvested for histology. To examine the effects of IFN-gamma in the effector phase, OVA specific T cells were transferred into syngeneic rats and IFN-gamma (10 micro g/time, total 50 micro g) or PBS was injected each day after the transfer until induction of EC 4 days later with an OVA challenge. To investigate the role of endogenous IFN-gamma during the effector phase, an anti-IFN-gamma monoclonal antibody (3 mg/time) was injected on days 3 and 4.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Injection of IFN-gamma into actively immunised rats suppressed eosinophilic infiltration but not infiltration of mononuclear cells. In contrast, neither IFN-gamma nor anti-IFN-gamma affected EC in passively immunised rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IFN-gamma is a suppressive cytokine for the development of EC and exerts this suppressive effect during the induction phase.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology, Department of Ophthalmology, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Oko-cho, Nankoku City, Japan. fukushima@kochi-ms.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukata
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Enzan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ueno
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D001762:Blepharitis / Q000276:immunology*; D002452:Cell Count; D002460:Cell Line / Q000276:immunology; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000276:immunology; D003233:Conjunctivitis, Allergic / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D007110:Immunity, Active / Q000276:immunology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000032:analysis; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007073:Immunoglobulin E; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D010047:Ovalbumin