title: Monocyte chemotactic protein-1 directly induces human vascular smooth muscle proliferation.
abstract: Although monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1) is best known for its ability to recruit mononuclear cells, few studies have examined the effects of this chemokine on other events in the vascular response to injury. The purpose of the present study was to determine the influence of MCP-1 on human vascular smooth muscle (VSMC) proliferation. MCP-1 induced concentration-dependent VSMC proliferation as measured by bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) uptake. Direct cell counting demonstrated a twofold increase in VSMC after stimulation with MCP-1. This mitogenic effect was similar to that observed with the prototypical atherogenic cytokine platelet-derived growth factor. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis revealed that MCP-1 increased both proliferating nuclear cell antigen and cyclin A expression. Whereas MCP-1 did not promote nuclear factor-kappaB activation, MCP-1-induced VSMC proliferation appeared to be dependent on phosphotidylinositol 3-kinase activation. In conclusion, MCP-1 directly induces VSMC growth, which is associated with activation of cell cycle proteins and intracellular proliferative signals. Within the inflammatory paradigm of vascular remodeling, these data suggest that MCP-1 is more than simply a chemokine but also a potent mitogen for VSMC proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Divison of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80262, USA. craig.selzman@UCHSC.edu
authors.forename: Craig H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Selzman
authors.forename: Stephanie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: Fabia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gamboni-Robertson
authors.forename: Alden H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Harken
authors.forename: Anirban
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Banerjee
mesh_terms: D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000166:cytology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019925:Cyclin A / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D019925:Cyclin A; D008934:Mitogens; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases