Novel peptidomimics as angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors: a combinatorial approach.
One of the efficient mode of treatments of chronic hypertension and cardiovascular disorders has been to restrain the formation of angiotensin-II by inhibiting the action of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) on angiotensin-I. A number of ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) have been put to therapeutic use during the last two decades. The efforts continue towards achieving superior molecules or drugs with improved affinities, better bioavailability and thus long duration of action with minimum side effects. The present work evolves around similar objectives. In order to understand the mode of interaction of inhibitors with the active site of the enzyme and subsequently to have lead compounds as possible inhibitors the novel dipeptidomimics and tripeptidomimics have been designed and synthesized using combinatorial chemistry approach. A Focussed library of 10 di- and tri-peptides, eight dipeptidomemics and forty tripeptidomemics was generated. The pharmacophoric heterocyclic moieties and the amino acids have been selected to have affinities with the S1, S1', and S2' subsites of the active site of the enzyme. ACE inhibition studies clearly demonstrated the structural-activity relationships within these classes of peptidomimics. The dipeptidomimics interacted only with S1' and S2' subsites, whereas the tripeptidomemics had additional interaction with S1 subsite, which accounted for their significant ACE inhibition potencies. The in-vitro screening of these peptidomimics have resulted in identification of four promising tripeptidomimics 34[2-benzimidazolepropionyl-Val-Trp], 35[5hydroxytryptophanyl-Val-Trp], 40[2-benzimidazolepropionyl-Ile-Trp] and 45[2-benzimidazolepropionyl-Lys-Trp] with IC50 values in micromolar concentrations.
Bala
Manju
M
Peptide Research Laboratory, Centre for Biochemical Technology (CSIR), Delhi University Campus, Mall Road, Delhi, India.
Qadar Pasha
M A
MA
Bhardwaj
D K
DK
Pasha
Santosh
S
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D020650:Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
D000596:Amino Acids; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D010455:Peptides; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A