title: Endomorphin-2 modulates productions of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-10, and IL-12, and alters functions related to innate immune of macrophages.
abstract: We evaluate immunological effects of opioid peptide endomorphin-2 on the production of cytokines related to inflammation and Th1/Th2 balance, and functions related to innate immune of rat peritoneal macrophages. Endomorphin-2 inhibited TNF-alpha, IL-10, and IL-12 productions, but potentiated IL-1beta production by macrophages. Moreover, endomorphin-2 potentiated macrophage adhesion to fibronectin, and the expression of adhesion molecule Mac-1 on macrophages. In contrast, endomorphin-2 suppressed phagocytosis of opsonized E. coli by macrophages, without affecting phagocytosis of non-opsonized E. coli. In addition, endomorphin-2 inhibited macrophage chemotaxis, and the production of superoxide anion by macrophages. These results suggest that endomorphin-2 may alter macrophage functions such as cytokine productions and functions related to innate immune.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Japan. aazuma@cc.osaka-dent.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohura
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000819:agonists / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D016207:Cytokines; D005353:Fibronectins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D009842:Oligopeptides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013481:Superoxides; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; C105294:endomorphin 2