title: The back home trial: general practitioner-supported leaflets may change back pain behavior.
abstract: METHODS
  A single-blind randomized controlled trial of a leaflet developed for people with acute low back pain was compared with the usual general practitioner management of back pain.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the effectiveness of a patient information leaflet on knowledge, attitude, behavior, and function.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Despite the commonality of back pain in general practice, little evidence on the effectiveness of simple interventions such as leaflets and advice on self-management has been reported. On the basis of a five-stage needs analysis, a simple leaflet was developed that considered the views of patients and health professionals.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this study, 64 patients with acute back pain were assigned to the leaflet or control group. The participants were visited at home after 2 days, 2 weeks, then 3, 6, and 12 months, where they completed a range of self-report measures. Behavioral aspects were discretely recorded by a "blinded" researcher. Primary outcomes were knowledge, attitude, behavior, and function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 272 home visits were undertaken. The findings show that at 2 weeks, knowledge about sitting posture was greater in the leaflet group (P = 0.006), which transferred to a behavioral difference (sitting with lumbar lordosis support) when participants were unaware that they were being observed (P = 0.009). This difference remained significant at 3 months. Patients in the leaflet group also were better at maintaining a wide base of support when lifting a light object than the control subjects throughout all five assessments. There were no significant differences in the functional outcomes tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This trial demonstrates that written advice for patients can be a contributory factor in the initial general practitioner consultation because it may change aspects of knowledge and behavior. This has implications for the management of acute back pain, with potential health gain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiotherapy, Southampton University Hospitals Trust, Highfield, Hants, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cantrell
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pickering
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Langridge
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D019468:Disease Management; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010174:Pamphlets; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D010821:Physicians, Family; D011187:Posture; D020377:Self Efficacy; D016037:Single-Blind Method