title: The function of gastrocnemius as a knee flexor at selected knee and ankle angles.
abstract: The gastrocnemius has been viewed as an important contributor at the knee joint as a joint flexor and stabilizer across all the knee and ankle joint angles. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of knee and ankle joint angles on the knee flexor function of the gastrocnemius. Seventeen participants were tested on a Biodex dynamometer with the gastrocnemius muscle selectively stimulated at a standardized level of electrical current. The results indicated that both ankle and knee joint angle influence the knee joint flexion moment produced by the gastrocnemius. Further analysis revealed that the flexion moment was greatest with the knee joint straight (180 degrees ) across all ankle joint angles. The greatest reduction in knee flexion moment occurred between 180 and 165 degrees of knee angle. No significant difference was observed in the knee flexion moment between 165 degrees and 115 degrees knee flexion, and little knee flexion moment was observed at knee angles of 90 degrees and 75 degrees. The dramatic reduction of moment between 180 degrees and 165 degrees knee angle is possibly due to the change of moment arm while the little moment production during extreme flexion (90 degrees and 75 degrees ) may be due to the reduction of muscle length.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA. lli3@lsu.edu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Landin
authors.forename: Janene
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grodesky
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D007866:Leg; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular