title: Dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced echo-planar imaging of cerebral gliomas. Effect of contrast medium extravasation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the influence of the degree of contrast medium extravasation on different DSC EPI MR sequences for perfusion MR imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  60 patients with cerebral gliomas were examined by either an FID EPI or an SE EPI DSC MR sequence. The acquired images were evaluated on a qualitative and quantitative basis. For qualitative assessment, the homogeneity of the signal time curve, image artifacts, the degree of signal drop and the degree of enhancement were evaluated. The quantitative assessment included the percentage of signal drop and the contrast-to-noise ratio of the different EPI sequences was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FID EPI presented a more homogeneous signal time curve and a more pronounced susceptibility effect than the SE EPI sequence. Due to the lesser susceptibility effect, the SE EPI sequence was not as sensitive to contrast media extravasation. The signal returned to baseline in all patients. In patients with strongly enhancing lesions, the FID EPI sequence suffered from considerable T1 effects, causing problems in the quantification of perfusion data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FID EPI sequences were preferred for perfusion MR imaging in patients without strong enhancing lesions, e.g. in ischemia or tumors with intact blood-brain barrier. In patients with suspected strong enhancing lesions, an SE EPI sequence should be used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Essig
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wenz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scholdei
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brüning
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berchtenbreiter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meurer
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Knopp
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003287:Contrast Media; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C064925:gadodiamide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA