title: Three-dimensional analysis of supracricoid hemilaryngopharyngectomized hypopharyngeal cancer.
abstract: The aims of this study were to demonstrate the technical aspects of processing high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) images and to describe the value of this approach for studying partially removed hypopharyngeal cancer. Supracricoid hemilaryngopharyngectomy was conducted in three sinus-type hypopharyngeal cancers as a salvage operation. A histopathologic study was conducted in order to fully examine the resection margin of the surgical specimens and to ensure the credibility of our case selection. The morphological features of each specimen were analyzed and demonstrated using 2D and 3D settings. Whole-mount serial histological sections were developed from the surgical specimens and 3D images were reconstructed based on these sections. In each case the 3D images demonstrated the characteristic patterns of cancer extension, such as superior extension under the intact epithelium and the formation of multiple skip lesions. The overall resection margin was proven to be free of cancer in all three cases. In conclusion, 3D study was useful for evaluating the overall resection margin of surgical specimens and provided valuable information for use in future follow-up. Using this technique, the morphological findings from serial sections are more comprehensive and impressive. 3D reconstruction is and will be a crucial modality for studying the morphological behavior of hypopharyngeal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Kitasato University, Kanagawa, Japan. meijin@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Meijin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Hiroomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Katsuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inagi
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Makoshi
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Makito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D003413:Cricoid Cartilage / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007825:Laryngectomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010611:Pharyngectomy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016879:Salvage Therapy / Q000379:methods*