Effects of fatty acids on gene expression: role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha, liver X receptor alpha and sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c.
Dietary fatty acids have numerous effects on cellular function, many of which are achieved by altering the expression of genes. The present paper reviews recent data on the mechanisms by which fatty acids influence DNA transcription, and focus specifically on the importance of three transcription factors: peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; liver X receptor alpha; sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c. These data indicate that fatty acids induce or inhibit the mRNA expression of a variety of different genes by acting both as agonists and as antagonists for nuclear hormone receptors.
Kersten
Sander
S
Nutrition, Metabolism and Genomics Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 8129, The Netherlands. sander.kersten@staff.nutepi.wau.nl
D000818:Animals; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605213:NR1H3 protein, human; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone; C497387:SREBF1 protein, human; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors