title: Comparison of sleep quality and clinical and psychologic characteristics in patients with temporomandibular disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the relationships between sleep quality, perceived pain, and psychologic distress among patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 137 consecutive patients who sought care at the University of Kentucky Orofacial Pain Center for the management of TMD participated in this study and completed a battery of standardized, self-report questionnaires at their first clinic visit. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the Multidimensional Pain Inventory (MPI) were used to measure patients' sleep quality and multiple dimensions of pain and suffering, respectively. The Revised Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90R) was used to evaluate psychologic symptoms. A median cutoff (PSQI total score: 10) divided the patients into 2 groups, i.e., 67 poor sleepers and 70 good sleepers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in gender and age distributions between the 2 groups. Poor sleepers reported significantly higher scores than good sleepers on each of the 14 scales of the SCL-90R (P < .003) and on 7 of the 13 scales of the MPI (P < .05). Stepwise multiple regression analyses demonstrated that poorer sleep quality was predicted by higher pain severity (P < .001), greater psychologic distress (P < .05), and less perceived life control (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study supports the frequent comorbidity of reported sleep disturbance, perceived pain severity, and psychologic distress in patients with TMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan. yatani@md.okayama-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yatani
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Studts
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cordova
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: Jeffrey P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Okeson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D012931:Social Environment; D012944:Social Support; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology