title: Endoscopic findings of bleeding esophagogastric varices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic findings of bleeding gastric and esophageal varices were compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy patients with first bleeding esophagogastric varices without prior treatments were treated: 47 patients had bleeding esophageal varices (EV group), 11 patients had bleeding cardiac varices (CV group), and 12 patients had bleeding cardiofundic or fundic varices (FV group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The red color sign was more common in the EV group (45 patients) than in the CV group (4 patients) or FV group (no patients) (P < 0.0001); Mucosal erosion over the varices at the site of bleeding was more common in the CV group (9 patients, P < 0.0005) and FV group (12 patients, P < 0.0001) than in the EV group (12 patients). An ulcer at the bleeding point was more common in the CV group (7 patients, P < 0.01) and FV group (10 patients, P < 0.0001) than in the EV group (11 patients). Gastric ulcer was more common in the CV group (7 patients, P < 0.05) and FV group (10 patients, P < 0.001) than in the EV group (14 patients). Erosive gastritis was more frequent in the FV group (12 patients, P < 0.02) than in the EV group (30 patients).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Violation of the mucosa barrier overlying gastric varices, especially cardiofundic or fundic varices, might be an important step leading to variceal hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan. yoshidahiroshi/surg1@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onda
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tajiri
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mamada
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Taniai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged