[Mechanism of sarcoid granuloma formation--participation of cytokines and chemokines].
In sarcoidosis, unknown antigen(s) causes Th1-mediated granulomatous inflammation with cytokines such as IFN gamma and IL-12, initially. IL-16, IL-8, IP-10 and RANTES are participated in the accumulation of CD4+ T cell. For the chemotaxis of macrophages and monocytes, MCP-1, MIP1-alpha and RANTES are participated. Local proliferation of T cell is induced by IL-2 and IL-15 and that of macrophage/monocyte lineage is done by M-CSF, GM-CSF and G-CSF. Removal of the causative antigen(s) allows immune-suppressive cytokines such as TGF beta to downregulate the immune response and granuloma formation. Failure of removal of causative antigen(s) can induce prolonged existence of granuloma and irreversible fibrosis.
Sugiyama
Yukihiko
Y
Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Jichi Medical School.
Oshikawa
Katsuhisa
K
D018925:Chemokines / Q000502:physiology*; D002633:Chemotaxis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D006099:Granuloma / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology
D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines