title: Organizational safety: which management practices are most effective in reducing employee injury rates?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  While several management practices have been cited as important components of safety programs, how much does each incrementally contribute to injury reduction? This study examined the degree to which six management practices frequently included in safety programs (management commitment, rewards, communication and feedback, selection, training, and participation) contributed to a safe work environment for hospital employees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were solicited via telephone to participate in a research study concerning hospital risk management. Sixty-two hospitals provided data concerning management practices and employee injuries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the management practices reliably predicted injury rates. A factor analysis performed on the management practices scale resulted in the development of six factor scales. A multiple regression performed on these factor scales found that proactive practices reliably predicted injury rates. Remedial measures acted as a suppressor variable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While most of the participating hospitals implemented reactive practices (fixing problems once they have occurred), what differentiated the hospitals with low injury rates was that they also employed proactive measures to prevent accidents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most effective step that hospitals can take is in the front-end hiring and training of new personnel. They should also ensure that the risk management position has a management-level classification. This study also demonstrated that training in itself is not adequate.
authors.affiliation: Vredenburgh and Associates, Inc., PMB 353, 2588 El Camino Real, Suite F, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA. alisonv@nethere.com
authors.forename: Alison G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Vredenburgh
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D010564:Personnel, Hospital; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012308:Risk Management; D017751:Safety Management / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards