title: Gene conversion-like sequence transfers between transgenic antibody V genes are independent of RAD54.
abstract: Homology-based Ig gene conversion is a major mechanism for Ab diversification in chickens and the Rad54 DNA repair protein plays an important role in this process. In mice, although gene conversion appears to be rare among endogenous Ig genes, Ab H chain transgenes undergo isotype switching and gene conversion-like sequence transfer processes that also appear to involve homologous recombination or gene conversion. Furthermore, homology-based DNA repair has been suggested to be important for somatic mutation of endogenous mouse Ig genes. To assess the role of Rad54 in these mouse B cell processes, we have analyzed H chain transgene isotype switching, sequence transfer, and somatic hypermutation in mice that lack RAD54. We find that Rad54 is not required for either transgene switching or transgene hypermutation. Furthermore, even transgene sequence transfers that are known to require homology-based recombinations are Rad54 independent. These results indicate that mouse B cells must use factors for promoting homologous recombination that are distinct from the Rad54 proteins important in homology-based chicken Ab gene recombinations. Our findings also suggest that mouse H chain transgene sequence transfers might be more closely related to an error-prone homology-based somatic hypermutational mechanism than to the hyperconversion mechanism that operates in chicken B cells.
authors.affiliation: Genetics Program, Immunology Program, Sackler School of Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: D'Avirro
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Truong
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luong
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kanaar
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Selsing
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002645:Chickens; D004265:DNA Helicases; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000276:immunology*; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D005785:Gene Conversion / Q000276:immunology*; D017578:Immunoglobulin Class Switching / Q000235:genetics*; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D019076:Transgenes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C075468:RAD54 protein, S cerevisiae; D004265:DNA Helicases; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes