title: Rapid determination of sanitizer concentration using impedance-based methods.
abstract: Chlorine, iodophor, and quaternary ammonium solutions of various concentrations were assayed with rapid test kits and with three Bactometer impedimetric test codes (the impedance, conductance, and capacitance test codes). An initial study was conducted to determine which test code was most suitable for each sanitizer. Impedance was shown to be the best for sodium hypochlorite solutions, conductance for iodophor solutions, and capacitance for quaternary ammonium solutions. When Bactometer results were compared with test kit results, linear regression revealed strong correlations for all three sanitizer solutions. For sodium hypochlorite concentrations of 0 to 100 ppm and 100 to 1,000 ppm, R2 values of 0.87 and 0.99, respectively, were obtained. For iodophor concentrations between 25 to 150 ppm, an R2 value of 0.95 was obtained. For quaternary ammonium compound concentrations of 100 to 1,000 ppm, an R2 value of 0.94 was obtained. The impedimetric methods proved to be simple and rapid (6 min) alternatives for measuring concentrations of the sanitizer solutions with a high level of certainty (P < 0.0002). The Bactometer will save time when multiple samples are tested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Mississippi Agricultural and Forestry Experiment Station, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762-9805, USA.
authors.forename: Gianna M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.forename: Douglas L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Marshall
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005516:Food Microbiology; D007466:Iodophors; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008828:Microbiological Techniques; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012499:Sanitation / Q000379:methods; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D007466:Iodophors; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite