title: Antiretroviral therapy in HIV-infected pregnant women and their infants: current interventions and challenges.
abstract: Advances in antiretroviral therapy for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pregnant women have improved maternal health and successfully reduced perinatal transmission from 25% to less than 5%. Maternal treatment is individualized and based on physical and laboratory evaluations. Three categories of drugs are currently approved for use in HIV disease including: (11 nucleoside and nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors; (2) non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors; and (3) protease inhibitors. Treatment decisions during pregnancy are complex and require consideration of the physiologic changes of pregnancy, drug interactions, possible maternal and fetal side effects, and psychosocial issues that influence adherence to the chosen therapy.
authors.affiliation: Women's Specialty Clinic, University of California, San Francisco, USA.
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shannon
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000151:congenital / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008427:Maternal Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors