title: Effects of long-term administration of enalapril on clinical indicators of renal function in dogs with compensated mitral regurgitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of long-term administration of enalapril on renal function in dogs with severe, compensated mitral regurgitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  139 dogs with mitral regurgitation but without overt signs of heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were randomly assigned to be treated with enalapril (0.5 mg/kg [0.23 mg/lb], PO, q 24 h) or placebo, and serum creatinine and urea nitrogen concentrations were measured at regular intervals for up to 26 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adequate information on renal function was obtained from 132 dogs; follow-up time ranged from 0.5 to 26 months (median, 12 months). Mean serum creatinine and urea nitrogen concentrations were not significantly different between dogs receiving enalapril and dogs receiving the placebo at any time, nor were concentrations significantly different from baseline concentrations. Proportions of dogs that developed azotemia or that had a +/- 35% increase in serum creatinine or urea nitrogen concentration were also not significantly different between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  And Clinical Relevance: Results suggest that administration of enalapril for up to 2 years did not have any demonstrable adverse effects on renal function in dogs with severe, compensated mitral regurgitation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27606, USA.
authors.forename: Clarke E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Julie R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Coats
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Teresa C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: DeFrancesco
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Bruce W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Keene
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lehmkuhl
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luethy
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meurs
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Petrie
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pipers
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sidley
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Straus
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004656:Enalapril / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D004656:Enalapril; D003404:Creatinine