title: Fas-Fas ligand signaling pathway mediates an interleukin-12-induced rejection of a murine prostate tumor system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent data suggest that anti-tumor activities of interleukin-12 (IL-12) involve the induction of apoptosis. Fas (APO-1/CD95) is a type I membrane protein that is capable of initiating an apoptosis signaling pathway when bound to its ligand (FasL). We undertook this study to test the hypothesis that Fas-FasL-mediated apoptosis plays a role in IL-12-induced tumor regression.
  
  
  METHODS
  An mIL-12 expression vector driven by cytomegalovirus promoter was used to express murine IL-12 cDNA in the RM-9 murine prostate carcinoma cell line. Control RM-9 cells and RM-9 cells stably transfected with IL-12 gene (RM-9-IL12) were inoculated subcutaneously in 4- to 6-week-old male C57BL/J6 mice. Tumor size was measured every 3 days. Western blot and immunohistochemical assays were used to evaluate Fas and FasL protein expression. In situ fluorescent end labeling was used to label apoptotic cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-12-expressing RM-9 prostate carcinoma cells transplanted into C57BL/J6 mice grew more slowly than control RM-9 cells and vector control RM-9-Luc cells. The average survival time of the RM-9-IL12 mice was longer than 53 days, whereas the mean survival for mice transplanted with control RM-9 cells was only 16 days. Apoptotic cells were more numerous in RM-9-IL12 tumors: 10.3% vs. 1.5% in control (P = 0.001). Fas and FasL proteins were increased approximately twofold in the RM-9-IL12 tumors compared with the RM-9 control tumors as determined by Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Fas-FasL-mediated apoptosis pathway may contribute to the IL-12-induced rejection of prostate carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Shaobo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guangyuan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Chinghai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.forename: Ning-Sun
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Eble
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007120:Immunochemistry; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013534:Survival; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008024:Ligands; D019014:fas Receptor; D018664:Interleukin-12