title: Effect of magnesium sulfate, isradipine, and ritodrine on contractions of myometrium: pregnant human and rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Magnesium sulfate, isradipine, and ritodrine are smooth muscle relaxants used for treating preterm labor. The aim of this study is to investigate the action profile of these drugs on the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions of isolated myometrial strips of pregnant human and rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolated myometrial strips were obtained from humans undergoing elective cesarean section at term pregnancy and Wistar albino rats on gestational days 19-21. These strips were mounted in organ baths for recording of isometric tensions. The effect of magnesium sulfate, isradipine, and ritodrine on the amplitude and frequency of spontaneous contractions was compared with the anova test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ritodrine (10-8-10-5 M) concentration-dependently inhibited the frequency and amplitude of spontaneous contractions of myometrial strips. At 10-4 M, tachyphylaxis of ritodrine occurred and contractions started again. Magnesium sulfate (10-7-10-4 M) inhibited the frequency but did not change the amplitude of the spontaneous contractions. Isradipine (10-7-10-4 M) had a concentration-related inhibitor effect on both the frequency and amplitude of the spontaneous contractions. The effects of magnesium sulfate, isradipine, and ritodrine were considerably similar in myometrium strips obtained from pregnant rats and humans.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of tachyphylaxis, the effectiveness of ritodrine is limited for inhibition of myometrial contractions. Magnesium sulfate reduced the frequency of spontaneous contractions without affecting the amplitude. Isradipine may be an interesting therapeutic alternative in situations where inhibition of uterine activity is desirable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, 58140 Sivas, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kantas
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.forename: Tijen
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Meral
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cetin
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017275:Isradipine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000502:physiology*; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012312:Ritodrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015149:Tocolytic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015149:Tocolytic Agents; D008278:Magnesium Sulfate; D012312:Ritodrine; D017275:Isradipine