title: Altered expression of Na(+)/H(+) exchanger isoforms 1 and 3 in clipped and unclipped kidneys of a 2-kidney-1-clip Goldblatt model of hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Functional differences between the clipped and unclipped kidneys in a 2-kidney-1-clip (2K-1C) hypertension model have been reported. However, the molecular basis of these changes is poorly understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Expression of NHE-1 and NHE-3 isoforms and sodium pump activity (PNP), and their modulation by blood pressure (BP), PGE(2) and TXB(2) were examined in the kidneys of 2K-1C rats treated with cilazapril for short- (4 and 24 h) and long-term (7 days) periods.
  
  
  METHODS
  2K-1C rats were divided into two groups. Group 1 (short-term) animals were treated with a single dose of cilazapril for 4 or 24 h. Group 2 (long-term) animals received a daily dose of cilazapril for 7 days. 2K-1C animals receiving water served as clipped controls, and sham-operated animals were normal controls. Western blot analysis was used to estimate the protein levels and ELISA for PGE(2) and TXB(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of NHE-1 and NHE-3 protein in the unclipped kidneys of both treatment groups were increased, whereas levels of alpha-actin, PNP activity and crude microsomes remained unchanged. These changes were significantly reduced by long-term, and not by short-term treatment with cilazapril. In group 1 clipped kidneys, NHE-3 and alpha-actin proteins were increased, and crude microsomes and PNP activity were decreased. In group 2 clipped kidneys, both NHE-1 and 3 isoforms were induced, whereas PNP activity was decreased. Cilazapril did not reverse the changes in the clipped kidneys in both groups, but reduced the crude microsomes. Group 2 unclipped kidneys showed hypertrophy, which remained unaffected by cilazapril treatment. Induced levels of BP, PGE(2) and TXB(2) in both groups were reduced significantly except for the 24-hour post-cilazapril treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate a differential expression of NHE-1 and NHE-3 isoforms which is dependent on the rise in BP, PGE(2) or TXB(2) in the long-term treatment group, but not in the short-term treatment group. Thus, the changes in NHE isoforms and sodium pump activity, together, contribute to functional differences that exist in the 2K-1C kidneys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty of Science, Kuwait University, PO Box 24923, Kuwait. Islam@hsc.kuniv.edu.kw
authors.forename: Islam
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Khaled K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Al-Qattan
authors.forename: Majed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alnaqeeb
authors.forename: Muslim
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D017315:Cilazapril / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000097:blood; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008861:Microsomes / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000074083:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000378:metabolism*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; C000613387:Slc9a3 protein, rat; D000074083:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchanger 3; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; C069139:growth factor-activatable Na-H exchanger NHE-1; D017315:Cilazapril; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D015232:Dinoprostone