title: Modified constraint-induced therapy after subacute stroke: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy of a modified constraint-induced therapy (mCIT) administered to patients with subacute stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, multiple-baseline, before-after, randomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subacute outpatient clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen patients with subacute stroke who exhibited learned nonuse and stable motor deficits in their affected upper limbs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four patients participated in half-hour, structured physical and occupational therapy sessions that emphasized affected arm use in valued functional activities, 3 times per week for 10 weeks. Their less affected upper limbs were restrained 5 days per week during 5 hours identified as times of frequent use (mCIT). Five patients received regular therapy (TR) with similar therapeutic contact time to mCIT and 5 patients received no therapy (CON).
  
  
  METHODS
  The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery (Fugl), Action Research Arm (ARA) test, and Motor Activity Log (MAL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After intervention, Fugl, ARA, and MAL scores remained virtually the same for TR and CON groups; scores improved by 11.4 and 11.5points, respectively, on the Fugl and ARA for the mCIT group. Amount and quality of arm use, as measured by the MAL, also improvedfor mCIT patients (2.49 and 0.47, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  mCIT may be an efficacious method of improving affected arm function and use in stroke patients exhibiting learned nonuse.
authors.affiliation: University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45267-0840, USA. dcstve@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: SueAnn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sisto
authors.forename: Mark V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009048:Motor Skills; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012149:Restraint, Physical; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D034941:Upper Extremity