title: Long lasting protection against canine kala-azar using the FML-QuilA saponin vaccine in an endemic area of Brazil (São Gonçalo do Amarante, RN).
abstract: Naturally exposed dogs of an endemic area were vaccinated with the fucose mannose ligand (FML) antigen of Leishmania donovani in formulation with QuilA saponin. The 100% of vaccinees were seropositive to FML and showed intradermal reaction to L. donovani lysate, 2 months after vaccination. The absorbency values and size of intradermal reaction were both significantly higher in vaccinees than in controls along a 3.5 years period (ANOVA, P<0.0001). The 25% of the control animals (two dogs on the first year and six dogs on the fourth year, respectively) and 5% of the vaccinees (one dog during the fourth year) developed clinical and fatal disease until the end of experiment. This difference was significant (chi(2)=3.93, P<0.05). This means that 95% protection against kala-azar was achieved in vaccinees, after FML-QuilA vaccination (80% of vaccine efficacy (VE)). Leishmania infection was also confirmed, 3.5 years after vaccination, in saline controls that showed positive polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for Leishmania DNA and FML-serology with no intradermal reaction. Higher seropositivities and intradermal reactions with no Leishmanial DNA were detected in vaccinees. The FML-QuilA vaccine induced a significant, long lasting and strong protective effect against canine kala-azar in the field.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Microbiologia, Prof. Paulo de Góes, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), CCS, Cidade Universitária, Ilha do Fundão, Caixa Postal 68040, CEP 21941-590, Brazil.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Borja-Cabrera
authors.forename: N N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Correia Pontes
authors.forename: V O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paraguai de Souza
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Luz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palatnik
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Palatnik de Sousa
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D001938:Brazil; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D037102:Lectins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D062605:Quillaja Saponins; D012503:Saponins / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D037102:Lectins; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines; D062605:Quillaja Saponins; D012503:Saponins; C027112:fucose-binding lectin; C046386:Quil A