title: Gnotobiotic piglets develop thrombotic microangiopathy after oral infection with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli.
abstract: Oral infection with enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) may cause severe enteritis, followed in up to 10% of cases by an extraintestinal complication, the hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS). HUS is characterized by a triad of symptoms: anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute renalfailure due to thrombotic microangiopathy. EHEC produces several virulence factors, among which a family of phage-encoded cytotoxins, called Shiga toxin 1 and Shiga toxin 2, seems to be most important. However, since an appropriate animal model is not available, pathogenicity of these emerging enteric pathogens is still poorly understood. Germ-free gnotobiotic piglets infected orally with an O1577:H7 or an O26:H11 EHEC wild-type isolate, both producing Shiga toxin 2, developed intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations of EHEC disease, including thrombotic microangiopathy in the kidneys, the morphologic hallmark of HUS in humans. Thus, gnotobiotic piglets are suitable to further study the pathophysiology of EHEC-induced HUS. It can be expected that data obtainedfrom this animal model will improve our current standard of knowledge about this emerging infectious disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology, Hannover Medical School, Germany.
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gunzer
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hennig-Pauka
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Waldmann
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sandhoff
authors.forename: Hermann-Josef
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Gröne
authors.forename: Hans-Heinrich
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kreipe
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matussek
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mengel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004064:Digestive System / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005260:Female; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008833:Microcirculation; D011697:Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D022641:Shiga Toxin 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases; D014281:Trihexosylceramides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D022641:Shiga Toxin 2; D014281:Trihexosylceramides; C018549:globotriaosylceramide