title: Obsessive-compulsive disorder with and without tics in a clinical sample of children and adolescents.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to discriminate subtypes of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in a clinical sample of children and adolescents. Sixty OCD patients were assessed in two outpatient psychiatric clinics; 15 patients had a lifetime history of tics and 45 patients had no tic history. Interviews were conducted with the patients and their parents by a child psychiatrist using the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS). The symptom checklist of the CY-BOCS was used to categorize obsessions and compulsions. Discriminant function analysis was used to compare the two groups in their symptomatology. There was no difference between the two groups in seven obsession categories. However, there was a significant difference between the two groups in seven compulsion categories. Ordering, hoarding, and washing compulsions were more common in those with no tic history. The results indicate that tic-related OCD may be differentiated from non-tic-related OCD early in life by the presence or absence of certain compulsive symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Michigan Health System, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0390, USA.
authors.forename: Gregory L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Piacentini
authors.forename: Dennis P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Cantwell
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Himle
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Etten
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020323:Tics / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology