title: Antimicrobial properties of milk: dependence on presence of xanthine oxidase and nitrite.
abstract: Human and bovine milk inhibited the metabolic activity of Escherichia coli, as shown by luminescence monitoring of constructs expressing the luxCDABE genes. Inhibition was dependent on both xanthine oxidase (XO) activity and on the presence of nitrite, implying that XO-generated nitric oxide functions as an antibacterial agent.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research in Biomedicine, University of the West of England, Bristol, United Kingdom. john.hancock@uwe.ac.uk
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hancock
authors.forename: Vyv
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Salisbury
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ovejero-Boglione
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cherry
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoare
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eisenthal
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harrison
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008892:Milk / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009573:Nitrites; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase