title: Brief communication: Haplogroup X confirmed in prehistoric North America.
abstract: Haplogroup X represents approximately 3% of all modern Native North American mitochondrial lineages. Using RFLP and hypervariable segment I (HVSI) sequence analyses, we identified a prehistoric individual radiocarbon dated to 1,340 +/- 40 years BP that is a member of haplogroup X, found near the Columbia River in Vantage, Washington. The presence of haplogroup X in prehistoric North America, along with recent findings of haplogroup X in southern Siberians, confirms the hypothesis that haplogroup X is a founding lineage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0618, USA. malhi@umich.edu
authors.forename: Ripan S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Malhi
authors.forename: David Glenn
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D005075:Biological Evolution; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D009068:Movement; D009656:North America; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012800:Siberia
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial