title: 3D versus 2D ultrasound: accuracy of volume measurement in human cadaver kidneys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Comparison of the accuracy of 3D and 2D ultrasound in assessing the volume of human cadaver kidneys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before autopsy the volume of 22 kidneys was assessed from a 3D data set after manually tracing organ contours (3D volumetry) and by applying a 3D ellipsoid formula both on a 3D data set and 2D images. Measurements by water-displacement served as the gold standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  3D volumetry showed a mean absolute deviation of 31 mL (18.5%) compared with the mean gold standard measurement (168 mL), yielding a concordance correlation (Lin's rho(c) ) of 0.71. Calculation based on the ellipsoid formula revealed a mean absolute deviation of 37 mL (22.0%) when applied on the 3D data set (rho(c) = 0.65) and of 42 mL (25.0%) when applied on 2D images (rho(c) = 0.61).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3D volumetry showed a satisfactory concordance correlation and is superior to volume calculation based on the ellipsoid formula either applied to a 3D data set or to conventional 2D images in assessing the volume of human cadaver kidneys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California 94305-5105, USA. partik@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Bernhard L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Partik
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stadler
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schamp
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koller
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Voracek
authors.forename: Gertraud
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heinz
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Helbich
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*