title: Pegylated interferon alfa-2b treatment for patients with solid tumors: a phase I/II study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy of interferon alfa has been established in treating advanced melanoma and renal cell carcinoma (RCC) patients. We conducted a phase I/II study to determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD), the safety and tolerability, and the preliminary efficacy of once-weekly pegylated interferon alfa-2b (IFNalpha-2b) in patients with advanced solid tumors (primarily RCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine the MTD, 35 patients with a variety of advanced solid tumors received 0.75 to 7.5 micro g/kg/wk of pegylated IFNalpha-2b by subcutaneous injection for 12 weeks. An additional 35 previously untreated RCC patients received 6.0 and 7.5 micro g/kg/wk for up to 12 weeks. Patients with a response or stable disease after 12 weeks were eligible for the extension protocol and were treated for up to 1 year or until disease progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MTD for pegylated IFNalpha-2b at 12 weeks was 6.0 micro g/kg/wk. One year of 6.0 micro g/kg/wk was well tolerated with appropriate dose modification; no grade 3 or 4 fatigue occurred, and safety was comparable with that with nonpegylated IFNalpha-2b. The most common nonhematologic adverse events included mild to moderate nausea, anorexia, and fatigue. Six patients had grade 3 or 4 hematologic toxicity. Twenty-nine patients continued on the extension protocol. Four patients had a complete response, and five patients had a partial response. Among 44 previously untreated RCC patients, the objective response rate was 14%. Median survival for all RCC patients was 13.2 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pegylated IFNalpha-2b was active and well tolerated in patients with metastatic solid tumors, including RCC, at doses up to 6.0 micro g/kg/wk.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Therapeutics Program, Cleveland Clinic Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. bukowsr@cc.ccf.org
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bukowski
authors.forename: Marc S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Ernstoff
authors.forename: Martin E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gore
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Nemunaitis
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amato
authors.forename: Samir K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Craig L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Tendler
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a