title: ["Standards, Options and Recommendations 2001" for radiotherapy in patients with non-metastatic infiltrating breast cancer. Update. National Federation of Cancer Campaign Centers (FNCLCC)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The "Standards, Options and Recommendations" (SOR) project, started in 1993, is a collaboration between the Federation of french cancer centers (FNCLCC), the 20 french cancer centers, and specialists from french public universities, general hospitals and private clinics. The main objective is the development of clinical practice guidelines to improve the quality of health care and the outcome of cancer patients. The methodology is based on a literature review and critical appraisal by a multidisciplinary group of experts, with feedback from specialists in cancer care delivery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop clinical practice guidelines for non metastatic breast cancer patients according to the definitions of the Standards, Options and Recommendations project.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were identified by searching Medline, web sites, and using the personal reference lists of members of the expert groups. Once the guidelines were defined, the document was submitted for review to 148 independent reviewers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This article presents the chapter radiotherapy resulting from the 2001 update of the version first published in 1996. The modified 2001 version of the standards, options and recommendations takes into account new information published. The main recommendations are: (1) Breast irradiation after conservative surgery significantly decrease the risk of local recurrence (level of evidence A) and the decrease in the risk of local recidive after chest wall irradiation is greater as the number of risk factors for local recurrence increases (level of evidence A). (2) After conservative surgery, a whole breast irradiation should be performed at a minimum dose of 50 Gy in 25 fractions (standard, level of evidence A). (3) A boost in the tumour bed should be performed in women under 50 years, even if the surgical margins are free (standard, level of evidence B). (4) Internal mammary chain irradiation is indicated for internal or central tumours in the absence of axillary lymph node involvement (expert agreement) and in the presence of lymph node involvement (standard, level of evidence B1). (5) Sub- and supra-claviculr lymph node irradiation is indicated in patients with axillary node involvement (standard, level of evidence B1).
authors.affiliation: Institut Curie, Paris.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fourquet
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cutuli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luporsi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mauriac
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Garbay
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giard
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Spyratos
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sigal-Zafrani
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dilhuydy
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Acharian
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balu-Maestro
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Blanc-Vincent
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cohen-Solal
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Lafontan
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Dilhuydy
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Duquesne
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gilles
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lesur
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cany
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dagousset
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Gaspard
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoarau
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hubert
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Monira
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Perrié
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romieu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018427:Breast Implants; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005104:Expert Testimony; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D015182:Lymphatic Irradiation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008209:Lymphedema / Q000209:etiology; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000209:etiology; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis