Complications of laparoscopic urological surgery.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the complications of laparoscopic surgery in general but also specifically in the field of Urology and then analyze the preventive measures that must be taken in order to minimize these complications.


METHODS
At first we outline the absolute and the relative contraindications of laparoscopic surgery in general. Then we describe the various intra and postoperative complications seen in laparoscopic surgery and finally we discuss the complications reported specifically in Urological laparoscopic procedures.


CONCLUSIONS
The applications of laparoscopic surgery in Urology grows every day. The main complications are vascular injuries and visceral lesions but the complications rate diminishes as surgeons improve in their learning curve. Laparoscopy for Urology is here to stay.
Doumas
Konstantinos
K
Urology Department, George Gennimatas Hospital, Athens, Greece.
Alivizatos
Gerasimos
G
D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000293:injuries; D000075202:Contraindications; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D010535:Laparoscopy; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures; D014781:Viscera / Q000293:injuries