title: Narcissism and depression: MMPI-2 evidence for the continuum hypothesis in clinical samples.
abstract: According to one hypothesis, self-report measures of narcissism help describe a psychological continuum related to self-esteem. Most of the previous support for this idea appeared in studies of undergraduates responding to the Narcissistic Personality Inventory (NPI; Raskin & Hall, 1981) along with other self-report instruments. In this project, results consistent with the continuum hypothesis were obtained when Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2; Butcher, Dahlstrom, Graham, Tellegen, & Kaemmer, 1989) narcissism scales were correlated with depression in adults receiving treatment for alcoholism. Essentially identical outcomes emerged in a second sample of state psychiatric hospital patients. A third study upheld the hypothesis when narcissism scales were correlated with clinical assessments rather than self-reports of depression. None of these findings were easily explained in terms of alternative interpretations of self-reported narcissism, and these data demonstrate that empirical support for the continuum hypothesis was not limited to the NPI, undergraduates, or self-report measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Tennessee at Chattanooga, 37403-2598, USA. paul-watson@utc.edu
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sawrie
authors.forename: Roger L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Rudy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arredondo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008950:MMPI; D008297:Male; D009289:Narcissism; D011582:Psychological Theory; D011594:Psychometrics; D012649:Self Concept