title: Correlation of plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor, interleukin-6 and nitric oxide with the severity of human malaria.
abstract: Thirty two patients of malaria (15, 11 & 6) having P. vivax, uncomplicated and complicated P. falciparum malaria respectively, and 10 healthy controls were subjected to full clinical and laboratory examinations as well as estimation of plasma levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and nitric oxide (NO). The main clinical presentations were fever, pallor, jaundice, splenomegaly and anaemia which were more pronounced in patients with complicated falciparum malaria. Light coma (50%), convulsions (33.3%), severe anaemia (66.6%). severe hypoglycemia (66.6%) and increased blood lactate levels (50%) were detected in patients with complicated falciparum malaria. The results showed significant elevation of plasma levels of TNF, IL-6 and NO in all malaria patients as compared to the controls. The levels were significantly higher in patients with complicated falciparum malaria than in the other patient groups. The TNF, IL-6 and NO had an effective role in pathogenesis of malaria and their levels in can be a useful diagnostic markers for malaria and severity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Thanaa M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: el-Nashar
authors.forename: Hoda M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: el-Kholy
authors.forename: Anwar G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: el-Shiety
authors.forename: Amgad A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al-Zahaby
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide