title: Eicosanoids mediate Manduca sexta cellular response to the fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana: a role for the lipoxygenase pathway.
abstract: Many studies have documented the involvement of eicosanoids in insect cellular immune responses to bacteria. The use of the fungal pathogen Beauveria bassiana as a nodulation elicitor, with inhibition of phospholipase A(2) by dexamethasone, extends the principle to fungi. This study also provides the first evidence of involvement of the lipoxygenase (LOX) pathway rather than the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway in synthesis of the nodulation mediating eicosanoid(s). The LOX product, 5(S)-hydroperoxyeicosa-6E,8Z,11Z,14Z-tetraenoic acid (5-HPETE), substantially reversed nodulation inhibition caused by dexamethasone and the LOX inhibitors, caffeic acid and esculetin. The COX product, prostaglandin H(2) (PGH(2)), did not reverse the nodulation inhibition by dexamethasone or the COX inhibitor, ibuprofen. None of the inhibitors tested had a significant effect on the phagocytosis of B. bassiana blastospores in vitro. Hemocyte phenoloxidase activity was reduced by dexamethasone, esculetin, and the COX inhibitor, indomethacin. The rescue candidates 5-HPETE and PGH(2) did not reverse the inhibition.
authors.affiliation: Grain Marketing and Production Research Center, USDA, ARS, Manhattan, Kansas 66502, USA. lord@gmprc.ksu.edu
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.forename: Sheri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Stanley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D015777:Eicosanoids / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D018402:Manduca / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D003904:Mitosporic Fungi / Q000276:immunology*; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D015777:Eicosanoids; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D003907:Dexamethasone; D008084:Lipoxygenase; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases