Redox- and oxidant-mediated regulation of interleukin-10: an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant cytokine?
Reduction-oxidation (redox) state constitutes such a potential signaling mechanism for the regulation of an inflammatory signal associated with oxidative stress. Interleukin (IL)-10 has recently emerged as an anti-inflammatory cytokine with antioxidant properties. Interestingly, redox- and oxidant-mediated pathways positively and/or negatively regulate the expression, distribution, and functional properties of IL-10, thus, allowing the evolution of what is known as an anti-inflammatory redox-oxidant revolving axis. This axis is directly involved in regulating phosphorylation mechanisms, which eventually control gene expression and the biosynthesis of oxidative stress-related cofactors, such as reactive species and inflammatory cytokines. The association between IL-10, an anti-inflammatory antioxidant, with redox- and oxidant-related pathways governing the regulation of inflammatory and closely dependent processes is thereafter discussed.
Haddad
John J
JJ
Severinghaus-Radiometer Research Laboratories, Molecular Neuroscience Research Division, Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Care, University of California at San Francisco, School of Medicine, 94143-0542, USA. haddadj@anesthesia.ucsf.edu
Fahlman
Christian S
CS
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D016877:Oxidants; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D016753:Interleukin-10