title: Beta2- and beta3-adrenoreceptor agonists: human myometrial selectivity and effects on umbilical artery tone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the functional selectivity of the beta(3)-adrenoreceptor agonist BRL 37344 and the beta(2)-adrenoreceptor agonist ritodrine for their putative receptors in human pregnant myometrium in vitro and to examine the possibility that BRL 37344 may exert an effect on other beta-adrenoreceptor subtypes. This study also aimed comparatively to evaluate the in vitro effects of BRL 37344 and ritodrine on human vascular tissue tone.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of BRL 37344 (1 nmol/L-100 micromol/L) and ritodrine (1 nmol/L-100 micromol/L) on isometric tension recordings that were performed in isolated myometrial strips that were obtained at elective cesarean delivery and in human umbilical artery rings that were obtained at term were measured. Antagonism of the effects of BRL 37344 and ritodrine in human myometrial tissue was investigated with the antagonists butoxamine (1 micromol/L), propranolol (1 micromol/L), and bupranolol (1 micromol/L). The concentrations that produced a 50% maximal effect, the mean maximal inhibition that was achieved, and the percentage of contractility that was observed were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bupranolol (n = 6), but not butoxamine (n = 6) or propranolol (n = 6), antagonized the relaxant effects of BRL 37344 in human pregnant myometrium; all three compounds (n = 6, respectively) antagonized the effects of ritodrine. At concentrations of >1 micromol/L, ritodrine exerted a significantly more potent vasodilatory effect than BRL 37344 on human umbilical artery tone (P <.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relaxant effects of BRL 37344 appear to be mediated solely through the beta(3)-adrenoreceptor agonist, although ritodrine may exert an effect on beta(1)-, beta(2)-, and beta(3)-adrenoreceptor agonists. This and the reduction in vascular tissue effects observed with BRL 37344 suggest that uterine beta(3)-adrenoreceptor modulation may provide a novel scientific approach to tocolysis with fewer vascular adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Clinical Sciences Institute, National University of Ireland Galway, University College Hospital.
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dennedy
authors.forename: Diarmaid D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Houlihan
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: McMillan
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Morrison
mesh_terms: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D058667:Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009215:Myometrium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012312:Ritodrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014590:Uterine Contraction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D058667:Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D004983:Ethanolamines; C057368:BRL 37344; D012312:Ritodrine