Familial predisposition and cosegregation analysis of adult obstructive sleep apnea and the sudden infant death syndrome.
Previous studies suggest a familial link between adult obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) and sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). However, most of these studies were hampered by the availability of too few cases of SIDS to draw conclusions. To examine the familial nature of this association in Iceland, hospital-based lists of all patients who were diagnosed with OSAS (n = 2,350) and SIDS (n = 58) from 1979 to 1998 were used to separately determine the familial occurrence of OSAS and SIDS and to search for evidence of cosegregation of these conditions in Icelandic families, using a nationwide genealogy database. The risk ratio for a first-degree relative of a patient with OSAS was 2.0 (1.7-2.8, 95% confidence interval). The risk ratio of the more severely affected patients with OSAS was slightly higher (2.3). Likewise, the kinship coefficient (KC) for the OSAS patient group, which determines the relatedness of the patients, was significantly larger than the mean KC of 1,000 matched control groups. Estimation of the KC for the SIDS group showed a trend toward significance when compared with control groups, but after excluding one of the half-siblings in the SIDS group from the analysis, the difference did not show any trend toward significance. Although the results of the analysis of the relatedness between all patients with OSAS and infants who died of SIDS were not significant, a trend toward significance was evident when the data were separately analyzed for the more severely affected patients with OSAS. Collectively, these results demonstrate a strong familial component in OSAS and suggest that infants who died of SIDS may have shared some of the same susceptibility factors with OSAS.
Gislason
Thorarinn
T
Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Vífilsstadir, Gardabaer, Iceland. thorarig@rsp.is
Johannsson
Johann Heidar
JH
Haraldsson
Asgeir
A
Olafsdottir
Berglind Ran
BR
Jonsdottir
Helga
H
Kong
Augustine
A
Frigge
Michael L
ML
Jonsdottir
Guethrun M
GM
Hakonarson
Hakon
H
Gulcher
Jeffrey
J
Stefansson
Kari
K
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005789:Genealogy and Heraldry; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007055:Iceland / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D013398:Sudden Infant Death / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D013577:Syndrome