title: Efficacy and safety of nateglinide in type 2 diabetic patients with modest fasting hyperglycemia.
abstract: Nateglinide is a fast-acting insulin secretion agent that specifically targets postprandial hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. The recent reduction in the diagnostic criteria for diabetes and improved understanding of the importance of early insulin secretion served as the rationale for this multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, 24-wk study performed in 675 patients with type 2 diabetes but only moderately elevated fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (FPG = 7.0-8.3 mmol/liter) to assess the efficacy and safety of three fixed doses of nateglinide (30, 60, or 120 mg, with meals). A substudy of the effects on early insulin release and prandial glucose excursions following a standardized breakfast was performed in 127 subjects. Nateglinide was well tolerated and elicited a dose-dependent reduction of placebo-adjusted hemoglobin A(1c) (Delta = -0.26 to -0.39%) and FPG (Delta = -0.51 to -0.73 mmol/liter) accompanied by a dose-related increase in suspected hypoglycemic episodes. However, confirmed hypoglycemia occurred in only 5.3% of patients treated with the highest dose, compared with 1.2% in placebo-treated patients (P < 0.05). Nateglinide increased early insulin release and reduced prandial glucose excursions (P < 0.05 vs. placebo). In sum, nateglinide is a safe and effective therapeutic option for treatment of patients with mild to moderate fasting hyperglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Hospital, 00290 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Carola
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saloranta
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hershon
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dickinson
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Holmes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D003510:Cyclohexanes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015994:Incidence; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D000077715:Nateglinide; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044469:Racial Groups; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D003510:Cyclohexanes; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D000077715:Nateglinide; D010649:Phenylalanine