title: Inter- and intrafamilial variability in premature pubarche and polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To ascertain the extent of phenotypic heterogeneity for premature pubarche and polycystic ovary syndrome between and within families.
  
  
  METHODS
  Association study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic research environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three families in which the propositus had presented with either premature pubic hair or adolescent hyperandrogenism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Detailed medical histories, hormone determinations, and genotype analyses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical phenotype. Genotypes for CYP21, HSD3B2, G972R variant of IRS-1, N363S variant of GRL, W64R variant of ADRB3, CAG repeat in exon 1 of AR, MspAI polymorphism in CYP17, and R264C variant of CYP19.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant phenotypic and genetic heterogeneity was observed both within and between families. In one family, CYP21 and IRS-1 variants were observed to co-segregate with symptoms of androgen excess and obesity. No genetic markers were consistently noted to associate with clinical features of hyperandrogenism in the other two families.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The difficulties in classifying female family members as clearly affected or unaffected and lack of definitive male phenotype complicate the use of linkage analysis to identify the polycystic ovary syndrome genes. Each family is best considered on an individual basis to identify genetic markers that segregate with the clinical features of androgen excess.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, Graduate School of Public Health, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Ellen B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Christopher E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Aston
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ferrell
authors.forename: Selma F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Witchel
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008572:Menarche / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011627:Puberty / Q000235:genetics*; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics; D013255:Steroid 21-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D013255:Steroid 21-Hydroxylase; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase