[Reversible posterior encephalopathy syndrome: case report].
The posterior reversible leukoencephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a recently proposed cliniconeuroradiologic entity. The most common causes of PRES are hypertensive encephalopathy, eclampsia, cyclosporin A neurotoxicity and the uremic encephalopathies. Most patients are markedly hypertensive at presentation, although some have only mildly elevated or even normal blood pressure. Symptoms may include headache, nausea, vomiting, altered mental status, seizures,stupor, and visual disturbances. On CT and MR studies, edema has been reported in a relatively symmetrical pattern, typically in the subcortical white matter and occasionally in the cortex of the occipital and parietal lobes. These often striking imaging findings usually are resolved on follow-up studies obtained after appropriate therapy. Diffusion-weighted images would not show hyperintense signal because of the presence of interstitial rather than cytotoxic edema. We report a case of PRES due to hypertensive encephalopathy studied by CT and MRI.
Fernandes
Francine Judith Freitas
FJ
Setor de Neurorradiologia, Serviço de Bioimagem, Hospital São Rafael, Fundação Monte Tabor, Salvador, BA, Brasil.
Machado
Marcos Alberto da Costa
MA
Pedreira
Adriana Vieira
AV
Silva
Cleonice Isabela S
CI
Tavares
Heleno Cabral
HC
Barbosa
Verônica Aline
VA
D001929:Brain Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006974:Hypertension, Malignant / Q000150:complications; D020343:Hypertensive Encephalopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013577:Syndrome