title: CNS activities of liquid and spray-dried extracts from Lippia alba-Verbenaceae (Brazilian false melissa).
abstract: The CNS activity of Lippia alba liquid and spray-dried extracts, containing the non-volatile fraction from the leaves, was investigated. L. alba liquid extracts were prepared by percolation with EtOH 40, 60 or 80%. The liquid extracts, named ES(40%,) ES(60%) and ES(80%,) were concentrated, the ethanol eliminated and then tested in Swiss mice to evaluate its sedative and anticonvulsant effects. The animals received the extracts, orally, in doses corresponding to 200 mg of dry residue by kilogram of body weight. All mice were evaluated in the barbiturate-induced sleep test. Similarly, other groups of mice were submitted to convulsions induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). The concentrated extract obtained from ES(80%) showed the most significant sedative and myorelaxant effects as well as the highest total flavonoid content (66 mg/100 g, expressed in apigenin). Two spray-dried powders, SDP(1) and SDP(2), were prepared from ES(80%) using as excipients, respectively, colloidal silicon dioxide (CSD) and CSD associated to beta-cyclodextrin. Only SDP(1) showed sedative profile similar to that presented by ES(80). In conclusion, we demonstrated that the non-volatile fraction of L. alba, extracted in ethanol 80% (v/v), presents sedative and myorelaxant effects and that, among the tested extracts, this presents the highest flavonoid content. We demonstrated also the technological feasibility of spray-dried extracts and the influence of the excipient on its sedative properties.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Farmacia, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zétola
authors.forename: T C M
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: De Lima
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sonaglio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: González-Ortega
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Limberger
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Petrovick
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Bassani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D002491:Central Nervous System Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D032411:Lippia; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves; D011208:Powders; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects; D029648:Verbenaceae
chemical_list: D002491:Central Nervous System Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011208:Powders