title: Effects of non-medicated and copper IUDs on sperm migration.
abstract: 35 women of proven fertility who were scheduled for surgical sterilization by salpingectomy were selected for this study; 15 control patients, 10 patients using the Multiload (ML) Cu 250 IUD, and 10 fitted with nonmedicated IUDs.  Increased copper concentration did not affect sperm receptivity by the cervical mucus, but did significantly affect sperm motility and survival.  Nonmedicated IUDs did not interfere with sperm transport in the oviduct.  ML Cu IUDs inhibited sperm transport in the oviduct.  The effects of the ML Cu IUD on sperm migration were more evident at the tubal level than at the cervical level.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Aref
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kandil
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-tagi
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Morad
mesh_terms: D001695:Biology; D002582:Cervix Mucus; D002584:Cervix Uteri; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002621:Chemistry; D003267:Contraception; D003300:Copper; D003933:Diagnosis; D005193:Family Planning Services; D005835:Genitalia; D005836:Genitalia, Female; D005854:Germ Cells; D007287:Inorganic Chemicals; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper; D008670:Metals; D010827:Physiology; D012098:Reproduction; D013083:Sperm Transport; D013094:Spermatozoa; D014566:Urogenital System; D014599:Uterus
chemical_list: D007287:Inorganic Chemicals; D008670:Metals; D003300:Copper
keywords: Biology; Cervical Mucus--analysis; Cervix; Contraception; Contraceptive Methods; Copper--analysis; Examinations And Diagnoses; Family Planning; Genitalia; Genitalia, Female; Germ Cells; Ingredients And Chemicals; Inorganic Chemicals; Iud; Iud Material; Iud, Copper Releasing; Metals; Physiology; Reproduction; Size; Sperm Transport; Spermatozoa--analysis; Urogenital System; Uterus