Combination chemotherapy with high-dose methotrexate and cytarabine with or without brain irradiation for primary central nervous system lymphomas.
Due to the limited clinical experience there is no standard treatment of primary CNS-lymphomas (PCNSL). Based on the actual data it seems that high-dose methotrexate (HTMRX) and high-dose cytarabine (ARA-C) qualify as treatments of choice for this disease. The role of radiation therapy is still unclear, due to the high long-term toxicity, especially in elderly patients. We treated 14 HIV negative patients with 4-5 cycles of methotrexate (MTX) at 3500 mg/m2 and MTX 15 mg intrathecal weekly or MTX 8000 mg/m2 weekly without intrathecal treatment. Younger patients (<60 y) received 3 weeks after last MTX dose a whole-brain irradiation (45 Gy + 9 Gy boost), older patientsts were not irradiated and continued CT. The following treatment consisted in ARA-C 3000 mg/m2 d1 + 2 every 3 weeks for two cycles. All patients received steroids for two months or until the end of radiotherapy. The overall response rate was 100%, 12/14 CR (86%). Two patients died still on treatment but not due to lymphoma (1 pulmonary embolism, 1 herpes encephalitis). Toxicity was very mild with no grade 3-4 non-haematological toxic events and almost 100% grade 3-4 leucopenia without episodes of neutropenic fever. After a median follow up of 39 months the PFS and OS are 65% (9/14) and 78% (11/14) respectively, and compare well with other trial results.
Calderoni
Antonello
A
Institute of Medical Oncology of the University, Inselspital, Berne, Switzerland. antonello.calderoni@insel.ch
Aebi
Stefan
S
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D003561:Cytarabine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D008727:Methotrexate