title: The role of soluble interleukin-4 receptor and interleukin-5 antibody in preventing late-phase allergy-induced eustachian tube dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the role of soluble interleukin (IL)-4 receptors (sIL-4R) and IL-5 antibodies (IL-5Ab) in preventing allergic eustachian tube dysfunction (ETD) and middle ear effusion (MEE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Brown-Norway rats were sensitized to ovalbumin (OVA) and challenged transtympanically. Two groups of rats received either IL-4R or IL-5Ab transtympanically 1 hour before challenge. Three additional groups were used as controls. Following the second transtympanic challenge, the ventilatory and clearance functions of the eustachian tube (ET) were assessed at 0, 2, and 8 hours. Histology was prepared using cut paraffin sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sIL-4R-pretreated rats showed no significant changes in ventilatory or clearance functions of the ET or inflammatory changes in ET mucosa, whereas IL-5Ab pretreatment showed significant late ventilatory and clearance dysfunction as well as inflammatory mucosal changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrate that the late-phase allergic inflammatory response that leads to subsequent formation of ETD and MEE is prevented by pretreatment with sIL-4R and, more modestly, with IL-5Ab.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology/HNS, University of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill 27599-7070, USA. hpollock@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: Hoke W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ebert
authors.forename: Marc G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Dubin
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Jiri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prazma
authors.forename: Harold C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Pillsbury
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003679:Deglutition; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005064:Eustachian Tube; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance / Q000187:drug effects; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010047:Ovalbumin; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015848:Interleukin-5; D019948:Receptors, Interleukin-4; D010047:Ovalbumin