title: Effect of hormone replacement therapy on uterine fibroids in postmenopausal women--a 3-year study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this prospective 3-year clinical study was to examine the effect of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) on uterine fibroid growth among postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven postmenopausal women with uterine solitary fibroids were recruited randomly for HRT in a 3-year program. All participants received 0.625 mg conjugated equine estrogen (CEE) and 5 mg medroxyprogesterone (MPA) daily. Fibroid volume was measured by transvaginal ultrasonography at baseline and then at 12-month intervals for 3 times. Clinically, significant fibroid growth was defined as an increase in volume of more than 25% compared with baseline. Also, 35 postmenopausal women with uterine fibroid were studied as control who did not receive HRT during the study period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fibroid volume had increased significantly after 1 year both in HRT users and non-users. These increases continued to the second year significantly in HRT users but not in non-users. However, the volumes declined significantly at the third year to similar levels as those measured at baseline in control. In HRT users, fibroid volume though significantly increased at the third year (vs. baseline) but declined insignificantly in comparison with the second year. Clinically, at end of the third year study, one of 34 and three of 34 women increased fibroid volume over 25% compared with baseline in HRT non-users and users, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HRT does increase uterine fibroid volume statistically. However, its effect appears in the first 2 years of use. The increased fibroid volume begins to decline at the third year both in HRT users and non-users. Clinically, the increased effect of HRT on uterine fibroid of postmenopausal women should be not over-emphasized at least for 3 years of usage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Menopause Study Group, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Shih-Chuan 1st Rd, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D045167:Progesterone Congeners / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D045167:Progesterone Congeners; D008525:Medroxyprogesterone