title: Th2 cytokine production from mast cells is directly induced by lipopolysaccharide and distinctly regulated by c-Jun N-terminal kinase and p38 pathways.
abstract: Mast cells secrete multiple cytokines and play an important role in allergic inflammation. Although it is widely accepted that bacteria infection occasionally worsens allergic airway inflammation, the mechanism has not been defined. In this study, we show that LPS induced Th2-associated cytokine production such as IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 from mast cells and also synergistically enhanced production of these cytokines induced by IgE cross-linking. LPS-mediated Th2-type cytokine production was abolished in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells derived from C3H/HeJ mice, suggesting that Toll-like receptor 4 is essential for the cytokine production. Furthermore, we found that mitogen-activated protein kinases including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, c-Jun N-terminal kinase, and p38 kinase were activated by LPS stimulation in bone marrow-derived mast cells. Inhibition of extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation has little effect on LPS-mediated cytokine production. In contrast, inhibition of c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation significantly suppressed both IL-10 and IL-13 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, although inhibition of p38 did not down-regulate the mRNA induction, it moderately decreased all three cytokine productions by LPS. These results indicate that LPS-mediated production of IL-5, IL-10, and IL-13 was distinctly regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinases. Our findings may indicate a clue to understanding the mechanisms of how bacteria infection worsens the clinical features of asthma.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Host Defense and Germfree Life, Research Institute for Disease Mechanism and Control, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan. amasuda@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshikai
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aiba
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002474:Cell-Free System / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000276:immunology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000378:metabolism; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008050:Lipid A / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000276:immunology*; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018793:Interleukin-13; D015848:Interleukin-5; D008050:Lipid A; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D016753:Interleukin-10; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases