title: [Fertility decline in China and family planning programs].
abstract: "The article looks in detail at the population development in China since the 1950s, highlighting some dramatic changes. In the late 1950s the country was hit by widespread famine, which resulted in increased mortality and decreased fertility. Infant mortality climbed to almost 300/1,000. During the 1960s fertility began to increase again and mortality declined. From the beginning of the 1970s fertility started to decline, dropping from about six to just over two children per woman in the late 1980s. Today, fertility is thought to be below replacement level. The main reason for this fertility decline lies in the highly efficient family planning programmes implemented in China since the 1950s and particularly since the 1970s. The decline in infant mortality and the favourable socio-economic development have also been important factors in the decline in fertility. Although fertility in China is currently at a low level, the country's population is still set to grow." (SUMMARY IN ENG)
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Notkola
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nieminen
mesh_terms: D001208:Asia; D001723:Birth Rate; D002681:China; D003710:Demography; D003906:Developing Countries; D004467:Economics; D016656:Family Planning Policy; D005193:Family Planning Services; D005202:Asia, Eastern; D005298:Fertility; D006285:Health Planning; D007226:Infant Mortality; D009026:Mortality; D011153:Population; D011157:Population Dynamics; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011640:Public Policy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
keywords: Antinatalist Policy; Asia; China; Demographic Factors; Developing Countries; Eastern Asia; Economic Factors; Family Planning; Family Planning Program Evaluation; Family Planning Programs; Fertility; Fertility Decline; Infant Mortality; Mortality; Policy; Population; Population Dynamics; Population Policy; Social Policy; Socioeconomic Factors