title: c-Jun-N-terminal kinase dependent membrane targeting of CD95 in rat hepatic stellate cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effect of CD95 ligand (CD95L) and cycloheximide (CHX) on CD95 membrane targeting and apoptosis was studied in activated, cultured rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC).
  
  
  METHODS
  CD95 membrane targeting was analysed by fluorescence staining. Protein and mRNA expression were determined by Western blotting and real time PCR. Apoptosis was detected by TUNEL, caspase-3 and -8 assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither CD95L nor CHX alone induced CD95 membrane trafficking and HSC apoptosis. When, however, both compounds were added simultaneously, CD95 was targeted within one hour to the plasma membrane and apoptosis was induced. CHX induced a transient and CD95L a delayed activation of c-Jun-N-terminal kinase (JNK), but when added together initial JNK activation was enhanced and prolonged. Inhibition of JNK abolished the CD95 membrane targeting in response to CD95L/CHX, however had little effect on the apoptotic response. Likewise, 8-CPT-cAMP inhibited CD95 membrane targeting, but did not prevent apoptosis induction by CD95L/CHX. Neither CHX nor CD95L affected protein kinase B phosphorylation, but when added together a marked dephosphorylation of PKB was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sensitization of HSC towards CD95L-induced apoptosis by cycloheximide is accompanied by a JNK-dependent CD95 membrane targeting, which, however, has little impact for the apoptotic response.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Infectiology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cariers
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reinehr
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Warskulat
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Häussinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008297:Male; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019014:fas Receptor; D003513:Cycloheximide; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020169:Caspases