title: Apoptosis induced by activation of peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-gamma is associated with Bcl-2 and NF-kappaB in human colon cancer.
abstract: Peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) has been demonstrated to exert an inhibitory effect on cell growth in most cell types studied, but its role in colon cancer is still uncertain. The molecular mechanism between the activation of PPARgamma and its consequence is unknown. In the present report, we show that the expression of PPARgamma was significantly increased in tumor tissues from human colon cancer compared with non-tumor tissues and that PPARgamma ligands, 15-Deoxy-delta(12,14)prostaglandin J2 or ciglitizone, induced apoptosis in HT-29 cells, a human colon cancer cell line. The occurrence of apoptosis induced by PPARgamma ligands was sequentially accompanied by reduced levels of NF-kappaB and Bcl-2. Over-expression of Bcl-2 significantly protected the cells from apoptosis. This study suggested that a PPARgamma-Bcl-2 feedback loop may function to control the life-death continuum in colonic cells and that a deficiency in generation of PPARgamma ligands may precede the development of human colon cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT. gchen@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: George G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Janet F Y
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Su H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ursula P F
authors.initials: UP
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Ping C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.forename: Wan Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008024:Ligands; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: C097240:15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D008024:Ligands; D016328:NF-kappa B; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D013844:Thiazoles; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015230:Prostaglandin D2; C039671:ciglitazone