title: Long-term experience with Norplant implants in international clinical trials.
abstract: Norplant subdermal implants containing levonorgestrel were used for contraception and compared with the Copper T, Model T Cu 200, during 42 months of use in an open study in Chile, the Dominican Republic, and Finland.  Among 324 women enrolled for the implant regimen, there were no pregnancies in the 1st 2.5 years, and 2 by the end of 42 months.  1st segment net and gross cumulative pregnancy rates were 0.7 and 1.2/100 respectively, at 3.5 years.  Cumulative pregnancy rates for the T Cu 200 group were 2.9, net and 3.5/100, gross at 42 months.  More than 1/2 of the implant acceptors, 51.6/100 were continuing use at 3.5 years, somewhat above the continuation rate of the T Cu acceptors, 43.5/100, but not significantly so.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sivin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Holma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alvarez-sanchez
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stern
mesh_terms: D000569:Americas; D001723:Birth Rate; D017691:Caribbean Region; D002677:Chile; D003267:Contraception; D003268:Contraception Behavior; D003270:Contraceptive Agents; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D003710:Demography; D019049:Developed Countries; D003906:Developing Countries; D003933:Diagnosis; D004293:Dominican Republic; D005060:Europe; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005193:Family Planning Services; D005298:Fertility; D005387:Finland; D007434:Intrauterine Devices; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper; D007843:Latin America; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D009656:North America; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011153:Population; D011157:Population Dynamics; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012102:Reproductive Control Agents; D012106:Research; D012537:Scandinavian and Nordic Countries; D013020:South America
chemical_list: D003270:Contraceptive Agents; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D012102:Reproductive Control Agents; D016912:Levonorgestrel
keywords: Americas; Caribbean; Chile; Clinical Research; Comparative Studies; Contraception; Contraception Continuation; Contraceptive Agents; Contraceptive Agents, Female; Contraceptive Agents, Progestin; Contraceptive Effectiveness; Contraceptive Implants; Contraceptive Methods; Contraceptive Usage; Demographic Factors; Developed Countries; Developing Countries; Dominican Republic; Europe; Examinations And Diagnoses; Family Planning; Fertility; Fertility Measurements; Finland; Iud; Iud, Copper Releasing; Latin America; Levonorgestrel; Method Acceptability; North America; Northern Europe; Population; Population Dynamics; Pregnancy Rate; Reproductive Control Agents; Research Methodology; Scandinavia; Size; South America; Studies; Use-effectiveness