Estrogen and thyroid hormone receptor interactions: physiological flexibility by molecular specificity.
The influence of thyroid hormone on estrogen actions has been demonstrated both in vivo and in vitro. In transient transfection assays, the effects of liganded thyroid hormone receptors (TR) on transcriptional facilitation by estrogens bound to estrogen receptors (ER) display specificity according to the following: 1) ER isoform, 2) TR isoform, 3) the promoter through which transcriptional facilitation occurs, and 4) cell type. Some of these molecular phenomena may be related to thyroid hormone signaling of seasonal limitations upon reproduction. The various combinations of these molecular interactions provide multiple and flexible opportunities for relations between two major hormonal systems important for neuroendocrine feedbacks and reproductive behaviors.
Vasudevan
Nandini
N
Laboratory of Neurobiology and Behavior, The Rockefeller University, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Ogawa
Sonoko
S
Pfaff
Donald
D
D000818:Animals; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D004967:Estrogens; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone; D013963:Thyroid Hormones