title: Mortality among workers at a talc mining and milling facility.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated mortality among workers at a talc mining and milling facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were white men actively employed between 1948 and 1989 and known to have been alive in or after 1950. Analyses assessed cancer mortality during the period 1950-89 (809 subjects) and non-cancer mortality during 1960-89 (782 subjects).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparisons with regional general population death rates for 1960-89 indicated that the workers had more than expected deaths from all causes combined [209 observed/160 expected, standardized mortality ratio (SMR) = 131, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 114-150], due mainly to increased mortality from lung cancer (31/13, SMR = 232, CI = 157-329) and non-malignant respiratory disease (NMRD) (28/13, SMR = 221, CI = 147-320). The lung cancer excess was concentrated in miners (18/4.6, SMR = 394, CI = 233-622); millers had only a small increase (7/5.5, SMR = 128, CI = 51-263). An excess of NMRD occurred both in miners (10/4.2, SMR = 241, CI = 116-444) and in millers (11/4.8, SMR = 227, CI = 113-407). The median estimated exposure to respirable dust was 511 mg/m(3)-days for all exposed employees, 739 mg/m(3)-days for mine workers and 683 mg/m(3)-days for mill workers. Employees with high, compared with low, estimated exposure to dust had a rate ratio of 0.5 (CI = 0.2-1.3) for lung cancer and of 11.8 (CI = 3.1-44.9) for pulmonary fibrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure to talc ore dust may not have been responsible for the lung cancer excess among these workers but probably contributed to the elevated rate of NMRD, particularly pulmonary fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Health Sciences Program, Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Japan. honda@taiiku.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beall
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delzell
authors.forename: Kent
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oestenstad
authors.forename: Ilene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brill
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matthews
mesh_terms: D004391:Dust; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008906:Mining; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000401:mortality; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000401:mortality; D012907:Smoking; D013627:Talc
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D013627:Talc