title: The impact of circular migration on a village economy.
abstract: The author examines the economy of a rural village in Indonesia in which a high proportion of households rely on remittances from urban informal sector earnings.  Household income and per capita income are analyzed according to whether or not households have at least one temporary migrant, and by the sex and age of the household head.  Findings indicate that "remittances from short-term circular migration push many households into the middle and upper income ranges.  However, the wealthiest households continue to rely on traditional high earning activities and do not depend on remittances.  The poorest households are scattered among those who rely on remittances and those still totally dependent upon traditional low earning village activities, regardless of the sex and age of the household head."
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Hetler
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001208:Asia; D001210:Asia, Southeastern; D003710:Demography; D003906:Developing Countries; D004467:Economics; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D004651:Employment; D005191:Family Characteristics; D006280:Health Workforce; D007182:Income; D007214:Indonesia; D011153:Population; D011154:Population Characteristics; D011157:Population Dynamics; D011203:Poverty; D012424:Rural Population; D012737:Sex Factors; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014171:Transients and Migrants; D014505:Urban Population
keywords: Age Factors; Asia; Demographic Factors; Developing Countries; Economic Factors; Family And Household; Head Of Household; Households; Human Resources; Income; Indonesia; Labor Force; Low Income Population; Microeconomic Factors; Migrants; Migration; Population; Population Characteristics; Population Dynamics; Remittances; Return Migration; Rural Population; Sex Factors; Social Class; Socioeconomic Factors; Socioeconomic Status; Southeastern Asia; Temporary Migration; Urban Population