title: [Complex pelvic injury in childhood].
abstract: Pelvic disruptions are rare in children caused by the flexible anchoring of bony parts associated with a high elasticity of the skeleton. Portion of pelvic fractures in infants is lower than 5% even when reviewing cases of specialized centers. The part of complex pelvic injuries and multiple injured patients in infants is higher when compared to adults, a fact caused by the more intense forces that are necessary to lead to pelvic disruption in children. Combination of a rare injury and the capability of children to compensate blood loss for a long time may implicate a wrong security and prolong diagnostic and therapeutic procedures--a problem that definitely should be avoided. Three cases were analyzed and established algorithms for treatment of patients matching these special injury-features demonstrated. A good outcome may only be achieved when all components of injury pattern get recognized and treatment is organized following the hierarchy of necessity. Therefore in the time table first life-saving steps have to be taken and then accompanying injuries can be treated that often decisively influence life quality. As seen in our cases unstable and dislocated fractures require open reduction and internal fixation ensuring nerval decompression, stop of hemorrhage and realizing the prerequisite for effective treatment of soft tissue damage. The acute hemorrhagic shock is one of the leading causes of death following severe pelvic injuries. After stabilization of fracture, surgical treatment of soft tissue injuries and intraabdominal bleeding sources the immediate diagnostic angiography possibly in combination with a therapeutic selective embolization is a well established part of the treatment. The aim of complete restitution can only be accomplished by cooperation of several different specialists and consultants in a trauma center.
authors.affiliation: Chirurgiche Universitätsklinik, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Abteilung Unfallchirurgie. hagen.schmal@freenet.de
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schmal
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klemt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haag
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonnaire
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016267:External Fixators; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology; D006465:Hemoperitoneum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed