title: Elevated levels of soluble CD163 in sera and fluids from rheumatoid arthritis patients and inhibition of the shedding of CD163 by TIMP-3.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate levels of soluble CD 163 in sera and fluids from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and elucidate the mechanism that regulates the shedding of CD163. Levels of soluble CD163 in sera and fluids from RA patients were examined by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay and Western blotting. To determine the effects of tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs) on the shedding of CD163 from monocytes/macrophages, levels of soluble CD163 in cultures of monocytes/macrophages and the expression of CD163 on monocytes/macrophages in the presence or absence of TIMPs were examined by a sandwich enzyme immunoassay and flow cytometry, respectively. The clinical marker that was most associated with serum levels of soluble CD163 was levels of CRP. TIMP-3, but not TIMP-1 or TIMP-2, inhibited the shedding of CD163 from monocytes/macrophages. It was shown that serum levels of soluble CD163 are a sensitive and reliable marker to monitor activated macrophages in synovitis from RA patients and the results imply that the responsible proteinase for the shedding of CD163 is not a member of the matrix metalloproteinases, but is likely to be a member of ADAMs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima City, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wait
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagayoshi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hogger
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Guyre
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002460:Cell Line / Q000737:chemistry; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D012995:Solubility; D018411:Spodoptera; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D014162:Transfection; D000098902:CD163 Antigen
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D015415:Biomarkers; D000098902:CD163 Antigen; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019717:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3; D003907:Dexamethasone