title: Presenilin couples the paired phosphorylation of beta-catenin independent of axin: implications for beta-catenin activation in tumorigenesis.
abstract: The Alzheimer's disease-linked gene presenilin 1 (PS1) is required for intramembrane proteolysis of APP and Notch. In addition, recent observations strongly implicate PS1 as a negative regulator of the Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway, although the mechanism underlying this activity is unknown. Here, we show that presenilin functions as a scaffold that rapidly couples beta-catenin phosphorylation through two sequential kinase activities independent of the Wnt-regulated Axin/CK1alpha complex. Thus, presenilin deficiency results in increased beta-catenin stability in vitro and in vivo by disconnecting the stepwise phosphorylation of beta-catenin, both in the presence and absence of Wnt stimulation. These findings highlight an aspect of beta-catenin regulation outside of the canonical Wnt-regulated pathway and a function of presenilin separate from intramembrane proteolysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Charles G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Eberhart
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: De Strooper
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Edward H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Koo
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D060466:Axin Protein; D002460:Cell Line; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008527:Medulloblastoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D010766:Phosphorylation; D053764:Presenilin-1; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: D060466:Axin Protein; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; C495267:CTNNB1 protein, mouse; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C508853:PSEN1 protein, human; D053764:Presenilin-1; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases