title: Augmented reality guidance for needle biopsies: an initial randomized, controlled trial in phantoms.
abstract: We report the results of a randomized, controlled trial to compare the accuracy of standard ultrasound-guided needle biopsy to biopsies performed using a 3D Augmented Reality (AR) guidance system. A board-certified radiologist conducted 50 core biopsies of breast phantoms, with biopsies randomly assigned to one of the methods in blocks of five biopsies each. The raw ultrasound data from each biopsy was recorded. Another board-certified radiologist, blinded to the actual biopsy guidance mechanism, evaluated the ultrasound recordings and determined the distance of the biopsy from the ideal position. A repeated measures analysis of variance indicated that the head-mounted display method led to a statistically significantly smaller mean deviation from the desired target than did the standard display method (2.48 mm for control versus 1.62 mm for augmented reality, p<0.02). This result suggests that AR systems can offer improved accuracy over traditional biopsy guidance methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB 3175, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3175, USA. rosentha@cs.unc.edu
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: State
authors.forename: Joohi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Gentaro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ackerman
authors.forename: Kurtis
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Etta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pisano
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiroutek
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: Henry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fuchs
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D003196:Computer Graphics; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014584:User-Computer Interface