title: Tolerance of simulated amniotic fluid in premature neonates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the tolerance of simulated amniotic fluid enterally administered in premature neonates.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multicentered, Phase I, dose-escalation trial was accomplished among 30 preterm neonates. Groups of 10 patients received 5, 10, or 20 mL/kg/d enterally of the amniotic fluid solution, divided into every-3-hour dosing, for 3 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  Amount and character of emesis, stools, and gastric residuals; changes in abdominal girth; presence of a skin rash; blood pressure instability; the diagnosis of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) or intestinal perforation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients were studied: 10 received 5 mL/kg/d, 10 received 10 mL/kg/d, and 10 received 20 mL/kg/d of amniotic solution. Gestational ages ranged from 25 to 31 weeks. The Data Safety and Monitoring Board met after each group of 10 patients completed the study, reviewed the outcome measurements, and recommended continuance of the study. Dosing was discontinued for 3 patients prior to receiving all 24 doses because of gastric residuals (n = 1; 5 mL/kg), stage I NEC (n = 1; 10 mL/kg), or symptomatic patent ductus arteriosus (n = 1; 20 mL/kg). The remaining patients completed the doses with no evidence of intolerance: specifically, no increased gastric residuals, increased abdominal girth, diarrhea, blood pressure change, rash, NEC, or intestinal perforation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enteral administration of an amniotic fluid-like solution to preterm neonates is well tolerated in doses <or=20 mL/kg/d.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
authors.forename: Sandra E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Darlene A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Calhoun
authors.forename: Akhil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maheshwari
authors.forename: Terri L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Ashmeade
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Auerbach
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Hudak
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Beltz
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Christensen
mesh_terms: D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000068817:Epoetin Alfa; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D000069585:Filgrastim; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D005865:Gestational Age; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008297:Male; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000068817:Epoetin Alfa; D000069585:Filgrastim