Fluid flow increases mineralized matrix deposition in 3D perfusion culture of marrow stromal osteoblasts in a dose-dependent manner.
Bone is a complex highly structured mechanically active 3D tissue composed of cellular and matrix elements. The true biological environment of a bone cell is thus derived from a dynamic interaction between responsively active cells experiencing mechanical forces and a continuously changing 3D matrix architecture. To investigate this phenomenon in vitro, marrow stromal osteoblasts were cultured on 3D scaffolds under flow perfusion with different rates of flow for an extended period to permit osteoblast differentiation and significant matrix production and mineralization. With all flow conditions, mineralized matrix production was dramatically increased over statically cultured constructs with the total calcium content of the cultured scaffolds increasing with increasing flow rate. Flow perfusion induced de novo tissue modeling with the formation of pore-like structures in the scaffolds and enhanced the distribution of cells and matrix throughout the scaffolds. These results represent reporting of the long-term effects of fluid flow on primary differentiating osteoblasts and indicate that fluid flow has far-reaching effects on osteoblast differentiation and phenotypic expression in vitro. Flow perfusion culture permits the generation and study of a 3D, actively modeled, mineralized matrix and can therefore be a valuable tool for both bone biology and tissue engineering.
Bancroft
Gregory N
GN
Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, 6100 Main, Houston, TX 77005, USA.
Sikavitsas
Vassilios I
VI
van den Dolder
Juliette
J
Sheffield
Tiffany L
TL
Ambrose
Catherine G
CG
Jansen
John A
JA
Mikos
Antonios G
AG
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D001857:Bone Matrix; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005615:Freezing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D053495:Osteopontin; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014025:Titanium / Q000494:pharmacology
D003470:Culture Media; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; C506897:Spp1 protein, rat; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium
NASA Discipline Cell Biology; Non-NASA Center