title: Primary human cells differ in their susceptibility to rAAV-2-mediated gene transfer and duration of reporter gene expression.
abstract: The susceptibility of a variety of different primary tissues was examined to long-term transduction with recombinant adeno-associated virus type 2 (rAAV-2) and factors influencing the transduction efficiency. In contrast to others using cell lines and animal models, emphasis was placed on the use of primary human cells. Enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) marker gene expression was examined using fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis. The most effective target cells for rAAV-2-mediated gene transfer were bronchial epithelial, artery endothelial as well as smooth and skeletal muscle cells with mean transduction rates ranging from 34.3 to 81.6%. Lower transduction rates between 4.3 and 19.5% were found in chondrocytes, dermal papilla follicle epithelial cells and fibroblasts. No transduction was observed in melanocytes, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-mobilized CD34(+) cells or malignant CD19(+) cells from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia. A proportion of EGFP-expressing skeletal muscle and smooth muscle cells was maintained over a period of 6 weeks after transduction (42.7+/-5.4 and 67.1+/-0.9%, respectively). Interestingly, among hair follicle epithelial cells the proportion of transduced cells increased from 8+/-0.5 to 36+/-7.7% in the course of 6 weeks. In contrast, for endothelial cells, bronchial epithelial cells and fibroblasts, a rapid decline in the number of EGFP expressing cells were noted. An inverse relationship between the proportion of cells in G2/M phase of cell cycle and long-term gene expression was observed. All rAAV-2 susceptible primary cells expressed FGFR-1 and the alphaV integrin consistent with their role as co-receptors for AAV-2. In conclusion, AAV-2 is a suitable vector system for transduction and evaluation of functional effects of long-term gene expression in primary human muscle and hair follicle cells.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Hämatologie, Onkologie und klinische Immunologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. urohr-uni-duesseldorf@gmx.de
authors.forename: Ulrich-Peter
authors.initials: UP
authors.lastname: Rohr
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kronenwett
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grimm
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kleinschmidt
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haas
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D000229:Dependovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; C496348:FGFR1 protein, human; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1