title: Regulation of mucosal dendritic cell function by receptor activator of NF-kappa B (RANK)/RANK ligand interactions: impact on tolerance induction.
abstract: The mucosal immune system is uniquely equipped to discriminate between potentially invasive pathogens and innocuous food proteins. While the mechanisms responsible for induction of mucosal immunity vs tolerance are not yet fully delineated, recent studies have highlighted mucosal dendritic cells (DC) as being important in determining the fate of orally administered Ag. To further investigate the DC:T cell signals involved in regulating the homeostatic balance between mucosal immunity and tolerance, we have examined the expression and function of the TNFR family member receptor activator of NF-kappaB (RANK) and its cognate ligand, RANKL, in vitro and in vivo. Our data show that although DC isolated from mucosal lymphoid tissues expressed similar levels of surface RANK compared with DC isolated from peripheral lymphoid tissues, DC from the distinct anatomical sites displayed differential responsiveness to RANK engagement with soluble RANKL. Whereas splenic DC responded to RANKL stimulation with elevated IL-12 p40 mRNA expression, Peyer's patch DC instead preferentially displayed increased IL-10 mRNA expression. Our data also show that the in vivo functional capacity of mucosal DC can be modulated by RANKL. Treatment with RANKL in vivo at the time of oral administration of soluble OVA enhanced the induction of tolerance in two different mouse models. These studies underscore the functional differences between mucosal and peripheral DC and highlight a novel role for RANK/RANKL interactions during the induction of mucosal immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Inflammation, Immunex Corp., Seattle WA 98101, USA. williamsone@immunex.com
authors.forename: Eilidh
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Janine M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bilsborough
authors.forename: Joanne L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Viney
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000284:Administration, Oral; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000276:immunology*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008643:Mesentery; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018448:Models, Immunological; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000637:transplantation
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C505687:Tnfrsf11a protein, mouse; C506031:Tnfrsf11b protein, mouse; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse; D010047:Ovalbumin