title: How to pass on expertise: pancreatoduodenectomy at a teaching hospital.
abstract: Pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) has become a routine procedure. Recent series report perioperative mortality rates of 5% or less, moderate morbidity, and even improved long-term survival. Nevertheless, being one of the most complex abdominal operations, a certain number of surgical procedures (i.e., personal caseload) seems essential for acceptable results. The objectives of this retrospective study were to evaluate whether PD can be safely performed as a teaching operation, and if the personal caseload of the senior surgeon affects morbidity and mortality. A series of 128 consecutive PDs carried out at a large academic teaching hospital were analyzed. The 49 operations performed by 11 residents of the surgical department as teaching operations under supervision of an experienced (senior) surgeon (ES) were compared with operations performed by an ES (group 2, n = 79). Three patients died from non-procedure-related causes (two in group 1). Eleven patients of group 2 had to be reoperated, in contrast to three in group 1 (NS). The total number of complications and number of pancreatic fistulas were comparable in the two groups. Surgeons performing less than one PD per year had significantly more complications. Under direct supervision of an experienced surgeon PD can be performed safely as a teaching operation. A caseload of at least one resection per year seems necessary for consistently good results.
authors.affiliation: Surgical Department, Division of General Surgery, University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. peter.wamser@akh-wien.ac.at
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wamser
authors.forename: Anton
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stift
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Passler
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goetzinger
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sautner
authors.forename: Raimund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jakesz
authors.forename: Reinhold
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fuegger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001317:Austria; D002983:Clinical Competence; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000401:mortality; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis