title: The 5(th) percentile dummy in a 56 kmph full-frontal barrier crash test.
abstract: In 1998, the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) tested the 5(th) percentile dummy and the 50(th) percentile dummy in 48 KMPH (30 MPH) belted full-frontal crash tests. From these tests, it was concluded that the 5(th) percentile dummy experienced increased injury measures to the neck and tibia compared to the 50(th) percentile dummy when crashed in the same vehicle. In 2001, the agency conducted ten belted 56 KMPH (35 MPH) frontal vehicle crash tests using the 5(th) percentile dummy. This paper summarizes the results and findings of those tests. The results indicate that the 5(th) percentile dummy is a robust and very durable dummy, which could be used as a tool for safety information. The testing also showed that, for some vehicles, the 5(th) percentile dummy incurred greater injury measures than the 50(th) percentile dummy tested in the same vehicle, particularly for the neck and the lower extremities. The average Nij reading for the 5(th) percentile driver dummy was 0.82, while for the 50(th) percentile driver dummy, the average Nij reading was 0.39. Also, the average normalized neck tension reading for the 5(th) percentile driver dummy was 0.70, whereas it was 0.41 for the 50(th) percentile driver dummy for the vehicles of this test series. Average normalized neck tension readings for the 5(th) percentile passenger dummy were 0.40, whereas 0.28 was the average normalized reading for the 50(th) percentile passenger dummy in the vehicles tested. For the 5(th) percentile driver, all but three vehicles exceed one of the four indices for the tibia, whereas only four vehicles exceeded one of these indices for the 50(th) percentile driver. Finally, the testing revealed the need for different stature dummies to ensure equal protection for all occupants.
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D017278:Air Bags; D001336:Automobiles; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007869:Leg Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D008348:Manikins; D012622:Seat Belts; D013898:Thoracic Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology*