title: Distribution of NO-induced cGMP-like immunoreactive neurones in the abdominal nervous system of the crayfish, Procambarus clarkii.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) acts as a signalling molecule by activating soluble guanylate cyclase and causing accumulation of the second messenger cyclic guanosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cGMP) in target cells. In order to detect the presence of NO-cGMP signalling pathway in the crayfish abdominal nervous system, accumulation of NO-induced cGMP was investigated by anti-cGMP immunochemistry. Some preparations were incubated in a high-K(+) saline containing an inhibitor of cGMP-degrading phosphodiesterase, 3-isobutyl-1-methyxanthine (IBMX), to activate NO generating neurones, which could release NO in the ganglion, and then immunohistochemistry using an anti-cGMP antibody was performed. The other preparations were incubated in NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP) saline containing IBMX before anti-cGMP immunohistochemistry was performed. The distribution of cGMP-like immunoreactive neurones in high-K(+) treated preparations was similar to that of cGMP-like immunoreactive neurones in NO donor treated preparations. About 70-80 cell bodies and many neuronal branches in the neuropilar area of the ganglion were stained, although no neurones showed immunoreactivity unless preparations were activated by either high-K(+) or the NO donor. Some of them were identical neurones, and they were intersegmental ascending interneurones and motor neurones. Sensory afferents that innervates hind gut showed strong cGMP-like immunoreactivity, although no mechanosensory afferents showed any immunoreactivity. These results strongly suggest the presence of an NO-cGMP signalling pathway that regulates neuronal events in the abdominal nervous system of the crayfish.
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000005:Abdomen / Q000294:innervation*; D000818:Animals; D003400:Astacoidea / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005724:Ganglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009420:Nervous System / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D011188:Potassium; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine