title: Modelling population changes in small English urban areas.
abstract: The authors examine processes underlying the growth of small urban areas in England. "There is evidence of 'people-led' growth in environmentally attractive locations (for example, through retirement migration). However, growth of small- and medium-sized towns also reflects employment decentralisation and deconcentration to freestanding or satellite towns, and the extension of commuter hinterlands.... Government policies encouraging growth are also demonstrated to be significant."  The processes resulting in population decline in some small towns are identified.  "The impact on modelling growth in urban areas of a diversity of causal processes and locational contexts for growth is considered."
mesh_terms: D001519:Behavior; D003710:Demography; D019049:Developed Countries; D004467:Economics; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D004651:Employment; D004739:England; D004777:Environment; D005060:Europe; D005843:Geography; D006076:Government; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006280:Health Workforce; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011057:Politics; D011153:Population; D011157:Population Dynamics; D011158:Population Growth; D011640:Public Policy; D012106:Research; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012179:Retirement; D012923:Social Class; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014186:Transportation; D006113:United Kingdom; D014505:Urban Population; D014507:Urbanization
keywords: Behavior; Commuting; Demographic Factors; Developed Countries; Economic Development; Economic Factors; Employment Status; England; Environment; Europe; Geographic Factors; Government; Human Resources; Labor Force; Locale; Migration; Models, Theoretical; Northern Europe; Policy; Political Factors; Population; Population Decrease; Population Dynamics; Population Growth; Research Methodology; Residence Characteristics; Retirement; Socioeconomic Factors; Socioeconomic Status; Spatial Distribution; United Kingdom; Urban Spatial Distribution; Urbanization