title: Analogy between temperature-dependent and concentration-dependent bacterial killing.
abstract: In this article an analogy between temperature-dependent and concentration-dependent bacterial killing is described. The validation process of autoclaves uses parameters such as reduction rate constant k, decimal reduction time D and resistance coefficient z from an imaginary microorganism to describe the sterilization process. Total lethality of the process is calculated as the integral of the lethality (a function of the temperature) over time. In the case of concentration-dependent killing-i.e. using antibiotic drugs-the k-value is not necessarily a constant; it is the difference between growth and killing of the microorganism. Equations are derived for the decimal reduction time D and resistance coefficient z. Pharmacodynamic models of tobramycin, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime are used to demonstrate that there is an optimal concentration for all three drugs: C(opt-tobra)=3.20 MICmg/l, C(opt-cipro)=3.45 MICmg/l and C(opt-cefta)=1.35 MICmg/l.
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001433:Bacteriolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002442:Ceftazidime / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013242:Sterilization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D002442:Ceftazidime; D014031:Tobramycin