title: Chemical ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: Chemical ablation with absolute ethanol is the most established technique of imaging-guided regional therapy for small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCCs), with long-term survival rates that rival those of surgical resection. In this article, the authors review patient selection criteria, techniques (including the one-shot approach of ethanol ablation for HCCs larger than 3 cm), complications, follow-up, and outcomes. The use of agents other than ethanol and the combination of chemical ablation with chemoembolization is also discussed.
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000431:Ethanol