title: Spermatogenesis in azoospermic, formerly cryptorchid men. Use of needle aspiration techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the use of testicular needle aspiration techniques to evaluate fertility potential in azoospermic, formerly cryptorchid men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen consecutive adult azoospermic, formerly cryptorchid patients (eight unilateral and seven bilateral) were examined by needle aspiration techniques, fine (FNA) and large needle (LNAB) testicular aspiration biopsy, for cytologic and histologic analysis. Five of the 15 subsequently underwent surgical biopsy for attempted assisted fertilization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spermatozoa or spermatids were detected by FNA cytology or LNAB histology in one or both testicles in 87.5% of the unilateral and 28.6% of the bilaterally affected, formerly cryptorchid patients (P = .041, Fisher's exact test). The addition of LNAB to FNA identified spermatids in one patient with unilateral cryptorchidism and only Sertoli cells on FNA cytology. Furthermore, LNAB differentiated testicles with the cytologic finding of only Sertoli cells into those with or without diffuse fibrosis. In the five patients in whom assisted fertilization was attempted, the needle aspiration techniques predicted the presence or absence of spermatozoa in the subsequent surgical biopsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two needle aspiration techniques can be used to assess the fertility potential of azoospermic, formerly cryptorchid men and to select patients for assisted fertilization.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods*; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003581:Cytodiagnosis; D005355:Fibrosis; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012708:Sertoli Cells / Q000473:pathology; D013087:Spermatids / Q000473:pathology; D013091:Spermatogenesis; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000473:pathology; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone