title: Pulmonary volume recruitment restores pulmonary compliance and resistance in anaesthetized young children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxygenation and gas exchange are impaired after induction of general anaesthesia. A timed re-expansion inspiratory manoeuvre (TRIM) improves pulmonary compliance and reverses haemoglobin oxygen desaturation rapidly in lambs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty children of less than 2 years of age were given a standardized ventilated general anaesthetic. After 15 min of anaesthesia they were randomized to receive either a TRIM or 100% oxygen for 3 min. Dynamic pulmonary compliance and airway resistance were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pulmonary compliance fell by 12% and airway resistance rose by 12% during 15 min of ventilated general anaesthesia. 100% oxygen caused a further fall of 9% in compliance (P=0.016), whilst TRIM resulted in a 30% increase in compliance (P < 0.01). The changes in airway resistance with 100% oxygen and TRIM were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that TRIM increases pulmonary compliance during standardized ventilated general anaesthesia.
mesh_terms: D000403:Airway Resistance; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008170:Lung Compliance; D008176:Lung Volume Measurements; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D012121:Respiration, Artificial
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen