title: Adjunctive olanzapine for SSRI-resistant combat-related PTSD: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), particularly in combat veterans with chronic illness, is often refractory to standard pharmacological interventions. There is a need to test adjunctive treatments to boost response.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 19 patients with PTSD who were minimally responsive to 12 weeks of treatment with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) at maximum tolerated dose. Outcomes were compared among subjects whose treatment was augmented with 8 weeks of double-blind olanzapine or placebo administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Olanzapine augmentation was associated with statistically significantly greater reduction than placebo in specific measures of posttraumatic stress, depressive, and sleep disorder symptoms. Clinician-rated global response rates did not, however, significantly differ between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is most likely the first double-blind, placebo-controlled study of an adjunct to SSRIs for PTSD. Despite the small group size, the findings suggest a role for olanzapine or other atypical antipsychotics in treating SSRI-resistant PTSD. Sleep symptoms may especially benefit.
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D003130:Combat Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020280:Sertraline; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D005473:Fluoxetine; D000077152:Olanzapine; D017374:Paroxetine; D010890:Pirenzepine; D010919:Placebos; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D020280:Sertraline