Dendritic cells, BAFF, and APRIL: innate players in adaptive antibody responses.
The first antibody produced in bacterial or viral infection results from B cell growth as plasmablasts. Dendritic cell-derived TNF-family ligands APRIL and/or BAFF enhance plasmablast survival and differentiation to plasma cells. Expression of these ligands by dendritic cells is promoted by innate immune signals that can convert subliminal B cell activation to a productive response. While this may be lifesaving in the face of infection, it can predispose to autoantibody production.
D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor; D053265:B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000276:immunology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000502:physiology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*
C490341:ANP32B protein, human; D053264:B-Cell Activating Factor; D053265:B-Cell Activation Factor Receptor; D008024:Ligands; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C435926:TNFRSF13C protein, human; C505719:TNFSF13B protein, human; C486662:Tnfrsf13c protein, mouse; C505720:Tnfsf13b protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha