title: Axillary lymph-node dissection for positive sentinel nodes in breast cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to identify a subset of breast cancer patient with positive sentinel nodes (SNs) for whom secondary axillary clearance would be unnecessary.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 1999 and May 2001, 288 patients with T0-T2 breast cancer less than 3cm in diameter had SN detection either by a colorimetric method or using a combined technique. SNs were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E). For all negative SNs, serial sections and immunochemistry (IHC) were performed. All patients with positive SNs underwent a complete axillary lymph node dissection. One hundred and twenty patients were SN positve.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Non-sentinel node positivity (NSNP) was closely associated with the size of the tumour (14.3%, 54.1% and 51.8% for pT1a-b, pT1c and pT2 tumours respectively) and with the size of the SN metastasis: 15.9% IHC detected micrometastasis, 33.3% and 78.8% micro- and macrometastasis detected with H&E staining respectively. NSNP was found in 24.0% and 42.8% of patients with pT1c breast cancer and with micrometastasis detected by IHC and H&E staining. The node positivity rate reached 81.1% for pT1c lesions with macrometastasis in the SN. For the patients with pT2 breast cancer, these rates were 12.5% (IHC), 28.5% (H&E) 91.1% (macrometastasis).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We are unable to isolate precisely a subset of patients for whom total axillary lymph node dissection would be unnecessary. A subset of 14 small tumours (<1cm diameter) demonstrated micrometastases in the SN without NSNP.
mesh_terms: D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003124:Colorimetry; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006416:Hematoxylin; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D006416:Hematoxylin