title: Apolipoprotein E epsilon4 and testosterone interact in the risk of Alzheimer's disease in men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association between testosterone levels and APOEepsilon4 in cases with AD and controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 61 men with definite or probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) and 55 elderly male controls from the Oxford Project to Investigate Memory and Ageing (OPTIMA). Testosterone was measured using a competitive enzyme immunoassay (Bayer).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that both low serum testosterone and the interaction between testosterone and APOEepsilon4 were associated with AD. Furthermore, testosterone levels were lower in APOEepsilon4-positive controls (mean: 11.3 nmol/L) than in controls without the allele (19.1 nmol/L).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low testosterone is potentially a modifiable risk factor, which may prove relevant to APOEepsilon4 carriers who are at risk of AD.
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol