Sonography-guided injection of botulinum toxin A in children with cerebral palsy.
Visual identification of muscles and depth control of needle placement are the key features of sonography-guided injection that lead to improved targeting and safety of BoNT/A injections. This method may be especially helpful to validate already established injection techniques or when learning the correct injection technique. We recommend sonography-guided injection as a simple and painless "add-on" to the currently used standard procedure of palpation. The additional expenditure for sonography-guided injection is more than offset by the improved reliability in correct needle placement.
D000367:Age Factors; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000379:methods*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A