A WD-repeat-containing putative regulatory protein in anthocyanin biosynthesis in Perilla frutescens.
The WD-repeat proteins are found in eukaryotes and play an important role in the regulation of a wide variety of cellular functions such as signal transduction, transcription, and proliferation. In this study, we have isolated a cDNA encoding a novel WD-repeat protein, PFWD, from the anthocyanin-pigmented leaves of Perilla frutescens using AN11 cDNA from Petunia hybrida as the probe. The C-terminal region of PFWD contains a WD repeat that is highly conserved in homologous proteins from a variety of organisms that do not produce anthocyanin such as yeast, nematodes and mammals. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing PFWD exhibited phenotypic changes including enhancement of anthocyanin production and reduced viability. A study of the interaction between PFWD and anthocyanin regulatory proteins using a yeast two-hybrid system showed strong interaction between PFWD and MYC-RP, a MYC-like protein from P. frutescens. PFWD fusion proteins transiently expressed in onion epidermal cells were localized in the cytosol under both dark and light conditions. However, co-expression of PFWD and MYC-RP fusion proteins resulted in nuclear localization of PFWD. We propose a model of genetic regulation in which the PFWD protein acts in signal transduction process in a variety of pathways through protein interaction with MYC proteins.
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000528:radiation effects; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008027:Light; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D019697:Onions / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D031343:Perilla / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011485:Protein Binding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
D000872:Anthocyanins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018744:DNA, Plant; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D005966:Glucuronidase