title: Functional evidence for the mediation of diabetogenic T cell responses by HLA-A2.1 MHC class I molecules through transgenic expression in NOD mice.
abstract: Particular major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II alleles clearly contribute to T cell-mediated autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) in both humans and nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. However, studies in NOD mice indicate MHC class I-restricted T cell responses are also essential to T1D development. In humans, epidemiological studies have suggested that some common class I alleles, including HLA-A2.1 (A*02011), may confer increased susceptibility to T1D when expressed in conjunction with certain class II alleles. We show here that when HLA-A2.1 molecules are transgenically expressed in NOD mice, A2-restricted T cell responses arise against pancreatic beta cells, leading to an earlier onset of T1D. The accelerated onset of T1D in the NOD.HLA-A2.1 transgenic mice is not due to nonspecific effects of expressing a third class I molecule, because a stock of NOD mice transgenically expressing HLA-B27 class I molecules showed no such acceleration of T1D, but rather were significantly protected from disease. These findings provide the first functional evidence that certain human MHC class I molecules can contribute to the development of T1D.
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005805:Genes, MHC Class I; D015789:HLA-A2 Antigen / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008822:Mice, Transgenic
chemical_list: D015789:HLA-A2 Antigen