Alpha(1L)-, but not alpha(1H)-, adrenoceptor antagonist prevents allergic bronchoconstriction in guinea pigs in vivo.
alpha-Adrenoceptors have been classified into alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-adrenoceptors. Recently, the alpha(1)-adrenoceptors were divided into two subtypes: alpha(1L) with low affinity and alpha(1H) with high affinity for prazosin. Little is known concerning the role of each subtype of alpha(1)-adrenoceptor in asthma. We investigated the effects of specific antagonists of alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-, alpha(1H)-, alpha(1L)-, and alpha(2)-adrenoceptors, namely moxisylyte, prazosin, 3-[N-[2-(4-hydroxy-2-isopropyl-5-methylphenoxy) ethyl]-N-methylaminomethyl]-4-methoxy-2, 5, 6-trimethylphenol hemifumarate (JTH-601), and yohimbine, respectively, on antigen-induced airway reactions in guinea pigs. Fifteen minutes after intravenous administration of moxisylyte (0.01, 0.1 or 1 mg/kg), prazosin (0.01, 0.1, 1 or 10 mg/kg), JTH-601 (1, 3, 6 or 10 mg/kg) or yohimbine (0.1 or 1 mg/kg), passively sensitized and artificially ventilated animals received an aerosolized antigen challenge. Bronchial responsiveness to inhaled methacholine was assessed as the dose of methacholine required to produce a 200% increase in the pressure at the airway opening (PC(200)) in non-sensitized animals. JTH-601 and moxisylyte, but not prazosin or yohimbine, dose dependently inhibited antigen-induced bronchoconstriction. None of the tested drugs altered PC(200). JTH-601 significantly reduced leukotriene C(4) levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid obtained 5 min after antigen challenge, but prazosin did not. These results indicate that prevention of antigen-induced bronchoconstriction by blockade of alpha-adrenoceptors is due to the inhibition of mediator release via alpha(1L)-adrenoceptor antagonism.
D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003408:Cresols / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D017997:Leukotriene C4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013948:Moxisylyte / Q000494:pharmacology; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D011224:Prazosin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents; D003408:Cresols; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D017997:Leukotriene C4; D015016:Yohimbine; C101291:JTH 601; D010047:Ovalbumin; D013948:Moxisylyte; D011224:Prazosin