title: Frontalis muscle flap advancement for jaw-winking ptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the technique and results of frontalis muscle flap advancement for correction of ptosis associated with jaw-winking.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four cases of unilateral jaw-winking ptosis were corrected with frontalis muscle flap advancement after excision of levator muscle on the affected side.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three of the 4 patients achieved good results with the correction within 1 mm of the opposite eyelid. The residual asymmetry on downgaze after follow-up of 4 to 18 months ranged from 1 to 5 mm. The main complication was mild forehead hypoesthesia in 2 patients, which resolved over a period of 1 month.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frontalis muscle flap advancement is an effective procedure when performed unilaterally for jaw-winking ptosis. It is simple, safe, and involves a single surgical field. Eyelid lag on downgaze improves considerably over time, and the remaining asymmetry between the two eyelids is cosmetically acceptable to most patients.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000601:surgery*; D001767:Blinking; D002648:Child; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D011626:Pterygoid Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome