title: Cholinergic blockade does not alter the nasal congestive response to irritant provocation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the mechanism underlying the nasal congestive response to irritant challenge.
  
  
  METHODS
  We exposed 22 subjects--8 with seasonal allergic rhinitis (SAR), 6 with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR), and 8 normals--to chlorine (Cl2) gas (1.0 ppm x 15 min.) by nasal CPAP mask. Control exposures (filtered air) were carried out on separate days, with counter-balancing of exposure order. Nasal airway resistance (NAR) was measured in triplicate before and after the provocation sequence using active posterior rhinomanometry. For each subject, this experiment was repeated twice, after [double-blinded] pre-treatment with: 1) ipratropium bromide (IB) 0.6% nasal spray, and 2) vehicle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As a group, allergic rhinitics (SAR + PAR) showed greater [Cl2] exposure-related increases in NAR than did normals on placebo (vehicle) pretreatment days (p < 0.05). IB pre-treatment, however, did not have a systematic effect on Cl2-induced congestion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cholinergic mechanisms do not appear to be responsible for the nasal congestive response to irritant provocation.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002713:Chlorine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009241:Ipratropium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008397:Masks; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology; D009299:Nasal Provocation Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D002713:Chlorine; D009241:Ipratropium