Herpes zoster ophthalmicus.
BACKGROUND
We examined the literature for the latest information on diagnosis and management of herpes zoster, and compiled a representative database.


METHODS
Using search engines and library resources, we reviewed pathology, epidemiology, pathophysiology, differential diagnosis, and management.


RESULTS
The varicella zoster virus is a member of the herpes virus family that produces an infection through direct contact with active skin lesions or airborne droplets. The infection resides latent in the trigeminal ganglion until reactivated, often affecting the sensory nerve, skin, eye, and adnexa.


CONCLUSIONS
The varicella zoster virus has the potential to severely disrupt the structures of the eye. Patients less than 50 years of age should be referred for systemic workup to rule out an immunocompromised state. In general, management is often palliative and/or geared toward specific sequelae.
D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006563:Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating; D008875:Middle Aged
D000998:Antiviral Agents