title: Angiogenesis in ischemic and neoplastic disorders.
abstract: Vascular development involves vasculogenesis, in which endothelial cells form a primary tubular network, as well as angiogenesis, in which vessel size and structure are modified based upon flow and branching occurs to insure that all cells receive adequate O2 delivery. In adults, angiogenesis occurs in response to tissue hypoxia/ischemia and plays an important role in determining the progression of ischemic heart disease and cancer. A critical molecular pathway induced by hypoxia/ischemia is the activation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1, a transcriptional activator of genes encoding vascular endothelial growth factor and other important mediators of angiogenesis. Novel therapeutic approaches that involve stimulating angiogenesis in ischemic tissue and inhibiting angiogenesis in neoplastic tissue are currently being evaluated in clinical trials.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D003097:Collateral Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000628:therapy; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008222:Lymphokines; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors