title: The value of polymerase chain reaction for the diagnosis of viral respiratory tract infections in lung transplant recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Respiratory viruses cause severe infections in lung transplant recipients, which require rapid and accurate diagnosis for appropriate management.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the added benefit of a multiplex PCR for respiratory viruses (influenza [FLU] A and B, respiratory syncytial virus [RSV] A and B and parainfluenza virus [PIV] 1, 2, and 3) complementing rapid respiratory viral culture (RRV) and FLU-A antigen detection (EIA) in this transplant population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over 6 months, 116 nasal washes and bronchoalveolar lavages, obtained from 72 lung transplant recipients with symptoms of upper or lower respiratory tract infections, were tested in real time by RRV and FLU-A EIA, and batched frozen by PCR. One or more methods recognized a respiratory virus in 31 (27%) specimens, including 15 FLU-A, nine RSV and seven PIV. PCR identified 26 of 31 positive samples demonstrating a sensitivity of 84%, higher than RRV (67%) or EIA (54%). PCR, RRV and EIA detected 60, 80 and 54%, respectively, FLU-A samples. PCR and RRV were equivalent for RSV-A, PIV-2 and 3, but PCR found a significantly higher number of RSV-B and PIV-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that routine use of PCR will enhance the number and speed with which viral respiratory tract infections are diagnosed in lung transplant recipients.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D018108:Respirovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014776:Virus Cultivation; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*