title: Remote development of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with liver cirrhosis type B serologically cured for HBs antigenemia with long-standing normalization of ALT values.
abstract: In this report, we examine two patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection that had been diagnosed as precirrhosis or liver cirrhosis more than a decade previously. These patients had been cleared of HBsAg and had developed anti-HBs at a later time, yet hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) eventually occurred. Both patients had been found negative for HBV DNA, using sensitive methods. Interestingly, a nontumor specimen of the liver obtained at surgical resection showed a marked reduction of fibrosis when compared to the histology observed when the patient was diagnosed as precirrhosis. Our findings suggest that the fibrosis from liver cirrhosis had been absorbed to a large extent during the long-term absence of active viremia and the normalization of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels. However, the cancer-prone biological characteristics of liver cirrhosis remained. Thus, patients with liver cirrhosis due to past chronic hepatitis B should be monitored carefully for the development of HCC even if HBV infection has been serologically resolved.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000209:etiology*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D000410:Alanine Transaminase