Oxidative stress in pediatric nephrotic syndrome.
BACKGROUND
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a stressful condition for children where oxidative damage would also influence the response of these patients to therapy.


METHODS
The present study was conducted in children with nephrotic syndrome during relapse and remission and in 10 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. Red cell glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations as well as plasma ceruloplasmin (CP) and vitamin E concentrations were analyzed in controls and in patients.


RESULTS
Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase concentrations were significantly increased in both the groups when compared to controls. Erythrocyte glutathione significantly decreased in nephrotic syndrome in remission along with plasma vitamin E concentrations in both the groups. A significant increase in plasma ceruloplasmin was observed in cases in remission. However, no significant change was observed in the concentrations of erythrocyte malondialdehyde.


CONCLUSIONS
Thus, antioxidant concentrations change considerably, indicating a compensatory mechanism to cope up with increased pro-oxidant status in such cases.
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000293:Adolescent; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012008:Recurrence; D012074:Remission Induction; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
D000975:Antioxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D002570:Ceruloplasmin; D005978:Glutathione