title: Total energy expenditure by the doubly-labeled water method in rural preschool children in Cuba.
abstract: An evaluation of the capacity of the Cuban Nutrition Program for covering the energy requirements of children was carried out in children 5.0 +/- 1.0 years of age in a rural mountain community in Cuba. Five males and six females (19 +/- 3.05 kg average weight) with a mean BMI 15.4 +/- 2.2 kg/m2) were included in the study. Six of the subjects were well-nourished, three were undernourished, and two were overweight. Total energy expenditure was determined by the doubly-labeled water technique. Resting metabolic rate was measured by indirect calorimetry. Energy intake, measured by a three-day weighed dietary record, was 1,527 kcal/day (6.39 MJ). The total energy expenditure of the well-nourished children was 11.8% lower than present energy recommendations (1,773 kcal). This implies that well-nourished children who are moderately to heavily physically active require 82.6 kcal/kg per day. The physical activity level of normal Cuban children is nearly 1.8, which is much higher than that reported in studies of children from industrialized countries using the doubly-labeled water technique. The measured daily energy intake was 1.7 times the resting metabolic rate RMR and 1.04 times the total energy expenditure.
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D001481:Basal Metabolism; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D002648:Child; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000378:metabolism*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003462:Cuba; D003903:Deuterium; D015930:Diet Records; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D012424:Rural Population
chemical_list: D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D003903:Deuterium