title: Runoff of trifluralin, metolachlor, and metribuzin from a clay loam soil of Louisiana.
abstract: Trifluralin[2,6-dinitro-N,N-dipropyl-4-(trifluormethyl)benzenamine], metolachlor[2-chloro-N-(2-ethyl-6-methylphenyl)-N-(2-methoxy-1-methylethyl) acetamide] and metribuzin[4-amino-6-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-3-(methylthio)-1,2,4-triazin-5(4H)one] were applied as pre-emergent herbicides to soybean plots in Louisiana (LA) at the rate of 1683 g/ha, 2759 g/ha and 609 g/ha, respectively. The concentrations of trifluralin in the runoff water ranged between 0.09 ng/mL and 0.02 ng/mL, which is lower than the 2 ng/mL US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) advisory level for trifuralin in drinking water. Metolachlor concentrations in the runoff water ranged from 9.0 ng/mL to 221.5 ng/mL, which is both lower and higher than the 175 ng/mL EPA advisory level for metolachlor. Similarly, metribuzin concentrations in the runoff water ranged between 1.5 ng/mL and 56.2 ng/mL, which is also lower and higher than the 10 ng/mL EPA advisory level for metribuzin. Accordingly, from the field plots located on a Commerce clay loam soil in LA, although the concentration of trifluralin in runoff water were substantially lower than the EPA advisory level, metolachlor and metribuzin concentrations are likely to exceed the EPA advisory levels early on in the application season with a subsequent rapid decrease to safe levels. The total loss of trifluralin in runoff water was 0.005% of the applied amount over an 89 day period after application. The total loss of metolachlor and metribuzin in the runoff water was 4.67% and 5.36% of the applied amount, respectively, over a 22 day period after application. As such, there was almost no movement of trifluralin in the runoff water, whereas metolachlor and metribuzin were much more easily moved.
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis*; D008145:Louisiana; D011891:Rain; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013025:Glycine max; D014227:Triazines / Q000032:analysis; D014274:Trifluralin / Q000032:analysis; D014481:United States; D014484:United States Environmental Protection Agency; D014872:Water Movements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D006540:Herbicides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014227:Triazines; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014274:Trifluralin; C009235:metribuzin; C051786:metolachlor