title: Missed opportunities to treat atherosclerosis in patients undergoing peripheral vascular interventions: insights from the University of Michigan Peripheral Vascular Disease Quality Improvement Initiative (PVD-QI2).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peripheral vascular disease is a manifestation of systemic atherosclerosis and is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined clinical outcomes in 66 consecutive patients undergoing peripheral vascular interventions at our institution between January 2001 and October 2001. At hospital discharge and at 6 months, lifestyle modifications and use of evidence-based therapy was suboptimal. At 6 months, a significant proportion continued to smoke (22.7%) and only half of the patients exercised, controlled their weight, or modified their diet for lipid control. The use of antiplatelet therapy was 77.2%; of angiotensin-converting enzyme, 35.9%; of beta-blockers, 42.5%; and of statins, 50%. Twelve of the 66 patients (18.2%) had a clinical event of death, myocardial infarction, or stroke. An appropriateness algorithm for use of secondary prevention measures was created with the use of evidence-based therapy guidelines, and a composite appropriateness variable was also created. The use of evidence-based therapy was associated with a significant reduction of the composite of death, myocardial infarction, and stroke at 6 months (OR 0.02, 95% CI 0.01 to 0.44, P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atherosclerosis risk factors are very prevalent in patients with peripheral vascular disease, but these patients receive less than optimal treatment after a predominantly technical vascular intervention. Effective secondary prevention with appropriate lifestyle interventions and evidence-based medical therapy needs to be strongly encouraged and implemented in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA. dmukherj@umich.edu
authors.forename: Debabrata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Prasanth
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lingam
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chetcuti
authors.forename: P Michael
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Grossman
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moscucci
authors.forename: Ann E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Luciano
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Eagle
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome