title: Redox-regulated mechanisms of IL-4-induced MCP-1 expression in human vascular endothelial cells.
abstract: The present study focused on the molecular signaling pathways of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) induction by interleukin-4 (IL-4) in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC). RT-PCR showed that MCP-1 mRNA accumulation was markedly increased in IL-4-treated HUVEC in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Antioxidants, such as pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), significantly inhibited IL-4-induced MCP-1 mRNA expression. These effects correlated well with the PDTC-mediated inhibition of MCP-1 promoter transcriptional activity observed in IL-4-treated HUVEC. IL-4-induced MCP-1 gene expression was paralleled by a concomitant production of MCP-1 protein. In agreement with MCP-1 gene expression, PDTC attenuated IL-4-mediated induction of MCP-1 protein expression. In addition, IL-4 dramatically increased the transcription factor signal transducers and activators of transcription 1 (STAT1) DNA binding activity, an effect that was attenuated by PDTC. The role of STAT1 in the regulation of the IL-4-induced MCP-1 gene expression was further confirmed in HUVEC transfected with a reporter construct of the MCP-1 promoter with a mutated STAT1 binding site. These results demonstrate that IL-4-dependent MCP-1 induction in HUVEC is mediated by redox-regulated STAT1 activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Kentucky Medical Center, Lexington 40536, USA.
authors.forename: Yong Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hennig
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toborek
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011392:Proline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C066229:prolinedithiocarbamate; D015847:Interleukin-4; D004247:DNA; D011392:Proline