title: Simultaneous voiding cystourethrography and voiding urosonography: an in vitro and in vivo study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the diagnostic accuracy of fluoroscopic voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) and voiding urosonography (VUS) under identical conditions. We performed VUS and VCUG simultaneously with the total time for both examinations taking no longer than the time required for either examination individually.
  
  
  METHODS
  X-ray contrast medium and echo-contrast agent were mixed together in vitro, and echogenicity of the mixture was confirmed. A clinical study was then performed on 33 children who had a history of urinary tract infection. The bladder was filled using simultaneous administration of X-ray contrast medium and echo-contrast agent. VCUG and VUS were then performed simultaneously and evaluated separately by two specialists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Equivalent results were obtained for the two examinations in 61 of 66 renal tracts. Sensitivities of VUS and VCUG for the detection of VUR were 86% and 79%, respectively. The average time from catheterization to the completion of the study was 9.1 minutes - approximately as long as performing VCUG alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  First, the present simultaneous study is superior to previous comparisons, because the two examinations were performed under identical physiologic conditions. Second, our results suggest that the two techniques demonstrate similar sensitivity in the detection of reflux.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Jichi Medical School, Minamikawachi, Tochigi, Japan. chiko@jichi.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shigeta
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shinozaki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itoh
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014554:Urination; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D011134:Polysaccharides; C059891:SHU 508