title: Impact of the OSHA trench and excavation standard on fatal injury in the construction industry.
abstract: In 1989 the US Occupational Safety & Health Administration revised the excavation and trenching standard. We examined fatal injuries from trench cave-in in the construction industry for five year periods before and after the revision in the 47 US states for which data were available for both periods. There was a 2-fold decline in the rate of fatal injury after revision of the standard, which substantially exceeded the decline in other causes of fatal injury in the construction industry during the same period. The decline was somewhat greater in large business firms but was evident in construction firms of all size classes. The fatality rate from trench cave-in in union construction workers was approximately half that of nonunion workers, but we were unable to determine whether this was best explained by union status, employment of union workers at larger construction firms, or both. This study provides evidence for the effectiveness of OSHA regulation in preventing fatal work injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family & Preventive Medicine, Rocky Mountain Center for Occupational & Environmental Health, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suruda
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Whitaker
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bloswick
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Philips
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sesek
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000401:mortality*; D002423:Cause of Death; D005160:Facility Design and Construction / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D016272:Occupational Health; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014481:United States; D014489:United States Occupational Safety and Health Administration / Q000592:standards*