title: The identification of vesicular glutamate transporter 3 suggests novel modes of signaling by glutamate.
abstract: Quantal release of the principal excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate requires a mechanism for its transport into secretory vesicles. Within the brain, the complementary expression of vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) 1 and 2 accounts for the release of glutamate by all known excitatory neurons. We now report the identification of VGLUT3 and its expression by many cells generally considered to release a classical transmitter with properties very different from glutamate. Remarkably, subpopulations of inhibitory neurons as well as cholinergic interneurons, monoamine neurons, and glia express VGLUT3. The dendritic expression of VGLUT3 by particular neurons also indicates the potential for retrograde synaptic signaling. The distribution and subcellular location of VGLUT3 thus suggest novel modes of signaling by glutamate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Fremeau
authors.forename: Jonathon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burman
authors.forename: Tayyaba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Cindy H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Proctor
authors.forename: Juliette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sulzer
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Copenhagen
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Storm-Mathisen
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Reimer
authors.forename: Farrukh A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Chaudhry
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D026922:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D003712:Dendrites / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D050496:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins
chemical_list: D026922:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Acidic; C460879:SLC17A8 protein, human; D050496:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Proteins; D018698:Glutamic Acid