title: The alternative transcript of CD79b is overexpressed in B-CLL and inhibits signaling for apoptosis.
abstract: The B-cell receptor (BCR) for antigen is composed of surface immunoglobulin (sIg), which provides antigen specificity, and a noncovalently associated signaling unit, the CD79a/b heterodimer. Defects in CD79 can influence both BCR expression and signaling and may explain why cells from certain malignancies, such as B-chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL), often express diminished and inactive BCR. Recently, an alternative transcript of CD79b (DeltaCD79b) has been reported that is up-regulated in B-CLL and may explain this diminished BCR expression. Here we assess the expression of DeltaCD79b in B-CLL and other lymphoid malignancies and investigate its function. High relative expression of DeltaCD79b was confirmed in most cases of B-CLL and found in 6 of 6 cases of splenic lymphomas with villous lymphocytes (SLVLs) and hairy cell leukemia. In a range of Burkitt lymphoma cell lines, expression of DeltaCD79b was relatively low but correlated inversely with the ability of the BCR to signal apoptosis when cross-linked by antibody (Ab). Interestingly, when Ramos-EHRB cells, which express low DeltaCD79b, were transfected with this transcript, they were transformed from being sensitive to anti-Fcmu-induced apoptosis to being highly resistant. Although DeltaCD79b was expressed as protein, its overexpression did not reduce the level of cell surface BCR. Finally, we showed that the inhibitory activity of DeltaCD79b depended on an intact leader sequence to ensure endoplasmic reticulum (ER) trafficking and a functional signaling immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM) in its cytoplasmic tail. These results point to DeltaCD79b being a powerful modulator of BCR signaling that may play an important role in normal and malignant B cells.
authors.affiliation: Tenovus Research Laboratory, Cancer Sciences Division, University of Southampton School of Medicine, Southampton General Hospital, Tremona Road, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK. msc@soton.ac.uk
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cragg
authors.forename: H T Claude
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Mathew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tutt
authors.forename: Aimée
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Oscier
authors.forename: Terry J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Hamblin
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Glennie
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051925:CD79 Antigens; D019281:Dimerization; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007943:Leukemia, Hairy Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D021381:Protein Transport; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D013160:Splenic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D051925:CD79 Antigens; C497883:CD79B protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins