title: Ethanol impairs behavioral strategy use in naive rats but does not prevent spatial learning in the water maze in pretrained rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ethanol impairs performance in the water maze in rats. A detailed behavioral analysis is required to fully evaluate the nature of the impairment.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A detailed behavioral analysis was carried out to evaluate the effect of ethanol on performance in the water maze task in male hooded rats given 2.0 or 6.0 g/kg ethanol by gavage. Multiple measures of water maze strategies learning and spatial learning were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Water maze trials were recorded on videotape and digitized for offline analysis. Some rats were naive at the start of spatial training, whereas other rats received water maze strategies pretraining prior to spatial training to familiarize them with the general behavioral strategies required in the task.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Naive ethanol-treated rats exhibited both spatial learning and water maze behavioral strategies impairments. There was no evidence of a spatial learning impairment that was independent of an associated behavioral strategies impairment. Further, ethanol impaired the ability of naive rats to swim to a stable visible platform. Pretrained ethanol-treated rats performed significantly better than naive ethanol-treated rats on almost all measures, and were indistinguishable from controls on most measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that ethanol may impair water maze performance in naive rats by interfering with their ability to acquire and use required water maze behavioral strategies and generate adaptive swim paths. Ethanol does not prevent robust spatial learning in rats that are familiar with required water maze behavioral strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Graduate Program in Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C2. cain@uwo.ca
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Cain
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Finlayson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beiko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D013037:Spatial Behavior / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol