title: Bowel function following primary repair of anorectal malformations at Kenyatta National Hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate bowel function following primary repair of anorectal malformation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A ten-year retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients with anorectal malformations attended to at Kenyatta National Hospital (KNH) within the study period who had posterior sagittal repair as a primary definitive procedure. All the children were over three years of age, toilet trained, and had their colostomies closed with an adaptation period of at least six months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Posterior sagittal repair was used to repair anorectal malformations in 352 patients. One hundred and ninety three patients were evaluated. Overall voluntary bowel movement (VBM) was achieved in 71.5% of the patients, soiling was present in 21.2% of the patients and constipation in 7.3% of the patients. More than seventy nine per cent of children who had their colostomy fashioned before the age of one month achieved VBM, while 61.1% of the patients achieved VBM when the colostomy was fashioned after five years. Overall, 77.0% of the females achieved VBM compared to 63.8% of males. Patients with a perineal fistula achieved VBM in 79.1% of males and 75.0% of females, 76.0% with vestibular fistula, 73.9% with a recto-urethral fistula, 56.0% of anorectal anomalies without a fistula, 25.0% of vaginal fistulae and 12.5% in vesical fistulae. Overall patients with sacral defects achieved VBM in 25.9% compared to 78.9% in patients with a normal sacrum. The patients with low anomalies achieved VBM in 75.4% compared to 46.1% with high anomalies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Posterior sagittal repair has been used to repair all anorectal malformations and has improved the quality of life of our patients, with better functional results expected in female patients, early colostomy fashioning and definitive repair, low or simple anomalies, and absence of sacral defects. The repair was associated with low morbidity and mortality.
authors.affiliation: Murang'a District Hospital, Kenya.
authors.forename: C N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Kigo
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ndung'u
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007422:Intestines / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007630:Kenya; D008297:Male; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000151:congenital* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012007:Rectum / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies