title: Acidomucin goblet cell expansion induced by parenteral nutrition in the small intestine of piglets.
abstract: Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) impairs small intestine development and is associated with barrier failure, inflammation, and acidomucin goblet cell expansion in neonatal piglets. We examined the relationship between intestinal goblet cell expansion and molecular and cellular indices of inflammation in neonatal piglets receiving TPN, 80% parenteral + 20% enteral nutrition (PEN), or 100% enteral nutrition (control) for 3 or 7 days. Epithelial permeability, T cell numbers, TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma mRNA expression, and epithelial proliferation and apoptosis were compared with goblet cell numbers over time. Epithelial permeability was similar to control in the TPN and PEN jejunum at day 3 but increased in the TPN jejunum by day 7. By day 3, intestinal T cell numbers were increased in TPN but not in PEN piglets. However, goblet cell expansion was established by day 3 in both the TPN and PEN ileum. Neither TNF-alpha nor IFN-gamma mRNA expression in the TPN and PEN ileum correlated with goblet cell expansion. Thus goblet cell expansion occurred independently of overt inflammation but in association with parenteral feeding. These data support the hypothesis that goblet cell expansion represents an initial defense triggered by reduced epithelial renewal to prevent intestinal barrier failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Conour
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ganessunker
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Tappenden
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Donovan
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Gaskins
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis; D001835:Body Weight; D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins / Q000378:metabolism; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002149:Energy Intake; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013552:Swine; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053379:Chromogranin A; D002864:Chromogranins; D009077:Mucins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma