title: Paternal leukocyte alloimmunization as a treatment for hemolytic disease of the newborn in a rabbit model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate maternal alloimmunization to paternal leukocytes as a treatment for hemolytic disease of the fetus/newborn in a rabbit model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve does and paired red blood cell-incompatible bucks underwent the experimental protocol. Fetal hematologic parameters that were obtained by ultrasound-guided intracardiac sampling were compared from unaffected, compatible litters; from affected, incompatible litters (after alloimmunization to red blood cell antigens); and from affected, incompatible litters after alloimmunization to paternal leukocytes. Generalized estimation equations were used for statistical analysis. A probability value of <.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six of 12 does had at least one affected litter after alloimmunization to paternal leukocytes. After an adjustment for the mating cycle, the fetuses of does that underwent white blood cell immunization exhibited higher hemoglobin and hematocrit levels (beta = 4.6, P <.001, and beta = 11.6, P =.006, respectively) compared with the fetuses of does that were immunized only to red blood cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal alloimmunization to paternal leukocytes decreases the severity of hemolytic disease and may play a role in the treatment of severe hemolytic disease of the newborn in humans.
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Whitecar
authors.forename: Rod
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Farb
authors.forename: Lalitha
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Subramanyam
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dorman
authors.forename: Rukmini B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Balu
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Moise
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004899:Erythroblastosis, Fetal / Q000628:therapy*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005220:Fathers; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D007114:Immunization; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D012203:Rh Isoimmunization
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins