title: Androgen receptor mRNA under-expression in poorly differentiated human hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: Many studies suggest that hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an androgen-dependent tumor with an incidence five times higher in males, but few data are available on the androgen receptor (AR) mRNA levels in different physiological classes of human liver specimens. In this study 108 human hepatic samples have been analyzed for AR mRNA expression by a comparative RT-PCR assay. These consisted of 35 non-tumoral hepatic samples (3 normal parenchymas, 4 steatosis, 10 hepatitis, 18 cirrhosis), 38 tumoral specimens derived from uninodular and multinodular HCCs and 35 peritumoral hepatic tissues. Normalized AR mRNA levels in tumoral and peritumoral liver tissues spanned from 0 to 146% and from 7 to 125% respectively. Only in a relatively small percentage of HCCs, the levels of expression of AR mRNA were higher than in the corresponding peritumoral tissues (16% of total HCCs). Although extremely variable, the AR mRNA levels were related to histological tumoral differentiation and proved to be lower in the highly dedifferentiated HCCs as compared to the well differentiated ones. Therefore, the evaluation of AR expression in HCC patients might be relevant for the planning of clinical studies on anti-androgen therapies, which might be useful only in the cases in which a high level of AR mRNA is detected, considering the high heterogeneity of AR mRNA levels which characterizes HCC samples. It is likely that the HCCs, expressing low or undetectable levels of AR mRNA, would not benefit by the anti-androgen therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biology and Genetics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Brescia, 19 Valsabbina Street, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tavian
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Petro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pitozzi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Portolani
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Giulini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barlati
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D004247:DNA