title: Assessment of cervical cancer radioresponse by serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen and magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the possibility of objective clinical assessment of the radioresponse of cervical cancer via determination of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based estimation of tumor shrinkage.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cases of 60 patients undergoing definitive radiotherapy for cervical squamous cell carcinoma (stage I-II: n = 20; stage III-IV: n = 40) were reviewed. Measurements of serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels (n = 60), estimated tumor volume on preradiotherapy MRIs (n = 60), and evaluated tumor shrinkage on postradiotherapy MRIs available (n = 30) were taken. The relation between postradiotherapy squamous cell carcinoma antigen level 2 months after the start of radiotherapy and disease recurrence was investigated. Regression analysis of tumor volume measured on MRIs was used to estimate the extent of tumor shrinkage 2 months after the start of radiotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preradiotherapy squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels correlated significantly with preradiotherapy tumor volumes. Recurrence was identified in 27 patients as distant (n = 19), distant and local (n = 1), local (n = 5), or regional (n = 2). Of 51 patients with elevated preradiotherapy squamous cell carcinoma antigen levels, 33 achieved normalized levels after radiotherapy. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen normalization was associated with a higher recurrence-free survival rate at 2 years (74.3%) than that associated with nonnormalization of squamous cell carcinoma antigen (5.6%, P <.001). The extent of shrinkage ranged from 61% to 100%, and there was no local recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postradiotherapy squamous cell carcinoma antigen status is a useful indicator of clinical outcome, particularly about tumor recurrence. It is not, however, useful for assessing response to radiotherapy. Magnetic resonance imaging is useful for obtaining an objective assessment of radioresponse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Japan. ki-ohara@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohara
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugahara
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itai
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011882:Radiotherapy, High-Energy; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015843:Serpins; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015843:Serpins; C051072:squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen