title: Soluble HLA class I induces NK cell apoptosis upon the engagement of killer-activating HLA class I receptors through FasL-Fas interaction.
abstract: The engagement of the activating isoforms of C-type lectin inhibitory receptor (CLIR) or killer Ig-like receptor (KIR) by their natural ligands, represented by soluble HLA-I (sHLA-I) molecules, induced programmed cell death of natural killer (NK) cells. Indeed, NK cell apoptosis elicited by either putative HLA-E and HLA-F (sHLA-I non-A, -B, -C, and -G) or sHLA-I-Cw4 or -Cw3 from untransfected or -Cw4 or -Cw3 alleles transfected HLA-A(-), B(-), C(-), G(-), E(+), F(+) 721.221 lymphoblastoid cell line, respectively, was blocked by covering the corresponding activating receptor with either anti-CLIR- or anti-KIR-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). After sHLA-I-activating receptor interaction, NK cells produced and released Fas ligand (FasL), which in turn led to NK cell apoptosis by interacting with Fas at the NK cell surface. Blocking anti-Fas mAb, or anti-FasL mAb, inhibited sHLA-I-mediated apoptosis via activating receptor in NK cell clones. This apoptosis was inhibited by NK cell treatment with cyclosporin A, whereas this drug had no effect on activating receptor-mediated activation of cytolysis. Conversely, concanamycin A, an inhibitor of vacuolar type H(+)-adenosine triphosphatase (H(+)-ATPase) of granules, inhibited activating receptor-induced NK cell cytolysis, suggesting that activating receptor-mediated apoptosis and cytolysis can use different intracellular pathways. Furthermore, a large amount of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) was detectable in culture supernatant of activating receptor(+) NK cells incubated with the appropriate sHLA-I ligand. Again, cyclosporin A, but not concanamycin A, strongly reduced activating receptor-mediated IFN-gamma production. This suggests that activating receptor-induced apoptosis of NK cells could play a role in eliminating potentially harmful NK cell clones and, at the same time, it leads to production of IFN-gamma, an antiviral cytokine able to amplify immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute for Cancer Research (IST), Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Grazia Maria
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Spaggiari
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Contini
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dondero
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Carosio
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Puppo
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Indiveri
authors.forename: Maria Raffaella
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zocchi
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poggi
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D011485:Protein Binding; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D012995:Solubility; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D051920:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily D; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D019014:fas Receptor; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016572:Cyclosporine