title: Use of fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy and flow cytometry for estimation of cell vitality for Bacillus licheniformis.
abstract: For Bacillus licheniformis SJ4628, an organism widely used in the enzyme industry, methods for determination of cell vitality at a single cell level using 5(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester in combination with fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy and flow cytometry were developed. Immediately after inoculation and during growth, changes in intracellular pH values determined by fluorescence ratio imaging microscopy and in green fluorescence intensities determined by flow cytometry were observed. Correlations between the capacity to multiply and intracellular pH or green fluorescence intensity were demonstrated. Populations of cells not having a pH gradient or exhibiting low fluorescence intensities had significantly longer lag phases than populations of cells with a pH gradient and high fluorescence intensities.
authors.affiliation: Fermentation Pilot Plant, Novozymes A/S, Bagsvaerd, Denmark. tho@kvl.dk
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hornbaek
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dynesen
authors.forename: Mogens
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jakobsen
mesh_terms: D001407:Bacillus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods*; D005452:Fluoresceins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence
chemical_list: D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C027780:carboxyfluoresceindiacetate