title: Effect of millimeter waves on cyclophosphamide induced suppression of the immune system.
abstract: The effect of millimeter electromagnetic waves (MWs) on cyclophosphamide (CPA) induced toxicity to leukocytes, bone marrow cells, and T-cell-mediated immunity was examined. For studying the effect of MWs on CPA induced leukopenia and myelosuppression, BALB/C mice were irradiated for 3 days, 30 min each day, prior to administration of CPA (200 mg/kg). MWs were produced with a Russian made YAV-1 generator. The device produced 42.2 +/- 0.2 GHz modulated wave radiation through a 10 mm x 20 mm rectangular output horn. The animals were irradiated on the nose area. Peak SAR and incident power density were measured as 622 +/- 100 W/kg and 31 +/- 5 mW/cm(2), respectively. For studying the effect of MWs on CPA induced suppression of T-cell mediated immunity, a delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) assay in mouse skin was used. The DTH reaction in mouse skin was induced by topical application of dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) and quantified by measuring the increase in ear thickness and by histological examination. Treatment of animals with CPA significantly (P < 0.05) reduced leukocyte and bone marrow cell population, but MW irradiation did not show any significant protection from the immunosuppressive effects of CPA. Furthermore, MW irradiation did not protect the animals from CPA induced suppression of T-cell mediated immunity.
authors.affiliation: Richard J. Fox Center for Biomedical Physics, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, USA. mklogani@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Mahendra K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Logani
authors.forename: Altaf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anga
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Szabo
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agelan
authors.forename: Armando R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Irizarry
authors.forename: Marvin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ziskin
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004137:Dinitrochlorobenzene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D004423:Ear; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008872:Microwaves; D009666:Nose / Q000276:immunology; D012016:Reference Values; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000528:radiation effects; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000528:radiation effects; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D004137:Dinitrochlorobenzene; D003520:Cyclophosphamide