title: Inheritance of pancreatic acinar atrophy in German Shepherd Dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the heritability of pancreatic acinar atrophy (PAA) in German Shepherd Dogs (GSDs) in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  135 GSDs belonging to 2 multigenerational pedigrees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two multigenerational pedigrees of GSDs with family members with PAA were identified. The clinical history of each GSD enrolled in the study was recorded, and serum samples for canine trypsin-like immunoreactivity (cTLI) analysis were collected from 102 dogs. Dogs with a serum cTLI concentration < or = 2.0 microg/L were considered to have exocrine pancreatic insufficiency (EPI) and were assumed to have PAA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pedigree I consisted of 59 dogs and pedigree II of 76 dogs. Serum cTLI concentrations were measured in 48 dogs from pedigree I and 54 dogs from pedigree II. A total of 19 dogs (14.1%) were determined to have EPI, 9 in pedigree I (15.3%) and 10 in pedigree II (13.6%). Of the 19 dogs with EPI, 8 were male and 11 were female.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evaluation of data by complex segregation analysis is strongly suggestive of an autosomal recessive mode of inheritance for EPI in GSDs in the United States.
authors.affiliation: Division of Small Animal Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: E Michael
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Moeller
authors.forename: Jörg M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Leigh Anne
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Keith E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Famula
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Stankovics
authors.forename: Amy S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Vose
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001284:Atrophy / Q000235:genetics*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D004285:Dogs / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005808:Genes, Recessive / Q000235:genetics; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000235:genetics* / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology*; D010375:Pedigree; D014481:United States