title: Shadows cast by retinal blood vessels mapped in primary visual cortex.
abstract: The mammalian eye is a remarkable optical device, but its design is not perfect. The blood vessels that supply the inner retina are located in front of the photoreceptor layer, blocking access to light. Their shadows create a pattern of blindness in the field of vision that corresponds precisely to the location of the largest vessels in the eye. We show here that in squirrel monkeys, focal deprivation by blood vessels leads to rewiring of the eye's geniculocortical projections, imprinting an image of the retinal vascular tree onto the primary visual cortex. This process illustrates vividly that local imbalances in neuronal activity can influence column formation during normal development.
authors.affiliation: Beckman Vision Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0730, USA. dadams@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Jonathan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Horton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D023882:Dominance, Ocular; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000378:metabolism; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005829:Geniculate Bodies / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000098:blood supply*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000502:physiology; D012169:Retinal Vein / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012171:Retinal Vessels / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D012453:Saimiri; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D014794:Visual Fields; D014795:Visual Pathways
chemical_list: D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV