title: Laser therapy for small breast cancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Widespread mammography has resulted in the increased detection of breast cancer <1.5 cm. It may be possible to treat these small tumors with in-situ laser ablation. Prior to ablation tumor size is determined by ultrasound and mammogram. Histologic diagnosis and determination of prognostic factors are obtained from image-guided needle core samples. Invasive and in-situ tumors may be percutaneously ablated by a stereotactically guided laser needle and subsequently evaluated by imaging methods and needle biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four patients (50 invasive, 4 in-situ); 51 mass, 3 microcalcification; mean diameter 12 (5 to 23) mm were treated by a stereotactically guided 805 nm laser beam via a fiber in a 16G needle delivered to the cancer. One to 8 weeks later the coagulated lesions were surgically removed for pathologic evaluation. In 2 additional patients, the laser-treated tumors were not removed but were monitored by mammography, ultrasonography, and needle core biopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the patients sustained any adverse effect. The average treatment time was 30 minutes. Pathology analysis revealed a 2.5 to 3.5 hemorrhagic ring surrounding the necrotic tumor. Under steady conditions, in two groups of 14 patients, 93% and 100% of the tumors showed complete destruction, with no residual cancer report. In the 2 unresected cases kept under surveillance for 6 to 24 months, the laser-treated tumors first showed shrinkage, followed by a 2 to 3 cm oil cyst. Fibrosis was demonstrated on needle core biopsies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laser energy delivered through a stereotactically guided needle appears to ablate mammographically detected breast cancer. A multicenter clinical trail is planned.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. kdwolat@rush.edu
authors.forename: Kambiz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dowlatshahi
authors.forename: Darius S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Francescatti
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Bloom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017075:Laser Coagulation / Q000379:methods*; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome