title: Tumor suppression induced by intratumor administration of adenovirus vector expressing NK4, a 4-kringle antagonist of hepatocyte growth factor, and naive dendritic cells.
abstract: NK4, a 4-kringle antagonist of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), is a potent inhibitor of tumor angiogenesis and functions independently of its HGF-antagonistic activity. We have shown previously that in vivo genetic modification of tumors with an adenovirus vector that expresses NK4 (AdNK4) restrains tumor angiogenesis and slows the rate of tumor growth in vivo. In the present study, we investigated the hypothesis that this can be made more efficient by also administering bone marrow-generated dendritic cells (DCs) to the tumor. The data show that the growth of mouse subcutaneous tumors is significantly suppressed by direct administration of DCs into established tumors that had been pretreated with AdNK4 3 days previously. The synergistic antitumor effect produced by the combination therapy of AdNK4 with DCs correlated with the in vivo priming of tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes. Analysis of mice treated with fluorescence-labeled DCs suggested that DCs injected into the flank tumor could migrate to lymphoid organs in vivo for activation of immune-relevant processes. Knockout mice experiments demonstrated that the tumor regression produced by this combination therapy depends on both major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen presentation of DCs injected into the tumors and CD8(+) T cells of the treated host. Finally, a mechanism for this synergism was suggested by the histological observation that tumor necrosis and apoptosis were induced by genetic engineering of the tumors to express NK4. These findings should be useful in designing novel strategies that use a combination of 2 monotherapies directed against the vascular and immune systems for cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Division of Cancer Control, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. kikuchi@idac.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maemondo
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narumi
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nukiwa
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008934:Mitogens; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C066855:HGF protein, human; D008934:Mitogens; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor