title: Intraoperative transfection of vein grafts with the NFkappaB decoy in a canine aortocoronary bypass model: a strategy to attenuate intimal hyperplasia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The nuclear transcriptional factor NFkappaB is reported to play an important role in the expression of genes for neutrophil and macrophage chemotactic factors, adhesion molecules, and cell cycle-regulating proteins. In aortocoronary bypass surgery, the saphenous vein often develops vein graft disease. Here, we investigated whether transfection of a cis element decoy oligodeoxynucleotide of NFkappaB (NFkappaB decoy) into the vein graft wall suppresses neointimal hyperplasia and the differentiation of medial smooth muscle cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  We established a canine aortocoronary bypass grafting model that has a saphenous vein graft between the left anterior descending coronary artery and the descending aorta. Pressure-mediated transfection of a scrambled (SD group; n = 5) or NFkappaB decoy (ND group; n = 5) into the graft wall was performed intraoperatively. The grafts were gently harvested at 4 weeks postoperative, and the middle portion of the graft was examined histopathologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average neointimal area of the ND group was significantly suppressed (SD group, 2.63 +/- 1.00 mm2 vs ND group, 0.88 +/- 0.66, p < 0.05), and the differentiation and proliferation of the medial smooth muscle cells in the ND group were also suppressed (proliferating cell nuclear antigen index: SD group, 56 +/- 24 vs ND, 13 +/- 4, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrated the efficacy of intraoperative transfection of the NFkappaB decoy into the vein graft wall for attenuation of neointima formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shintani
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sawa
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Goro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matsumiya
authors.forename: Nariaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Hikaru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D004285:Dogs; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000473:pathology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D012501:Saphenous Vein; D014162:Transfection; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides