Ganoderma lucidum extract induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in MCF-7 human breast cancer cell.
Although the pharmacology and clinical application of water extracts of Ganoderma lucidum have been extensively documented, little is known regarding its alcohol extract. In the present study, the anti-tumor effect of an alcohol extract of Ganoderma lucidum was investigated using MCF-7 cells. We found that the alcohol extract of Ganoderma lucidum inhibited cell proliferation in a dose- and time-dependent manner, which might be mediated through up-regulation of p21/Waf1 and down-regulation of cyclin D1. Furthermore, this compound can directly induce apoptosis in MCF-7 cells, which might be mediated through up-regulation of a pro-apoptotic Bax protein and not by the immune system. Our findings suggest that there are multiple mechanisms underlying the anti-tumor effects of Ganoderma lucidum.
Hu
Hongbo
H
Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Sumon 441-744, Korea.
Ahn
Nam-Shik
NS
Yang
Xinlin
X
Lee
Yong-Soon
YS
Kang
Kyung-Sun
KS
D000438:Alcohols / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D053179:Caspase 7; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002455:Cell Division; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / Q000378:metabolism; D020940:Reishi / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015854:Up-Regulation
D000438:Alcohols; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D019938:Cyclin D1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; C495900:CDK4 protein, human; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; C505520:CASP7 protein, human; D053179:Caspase 7; D020169:Caspases; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)