title: Celecoxib (celebrex) increases canine lower esophageal sphincter pressure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostaglandins inhibit the contraction of gastrointestinal smooth muscle and may decrease lower esophageal sphincter tone. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor celecoxib (Celebrex) could increase lower esophageal pressure (without affecting gastric emptying) compared to placebo and cisapride (Prepulsid), a compound previously used to treat reflux disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six mongrel dogs were assigned to receive celecoxib, cisapride, and placebo using a randomized cross-over design with a 1-week washout period between treatments. Prior to dosing, each dog underwent an esophagopexy to provide access to the esophagus and stomach. On the fourth day of dosing, sphincter tone was measured in awake unsedated dogs using radial manometry. In a different set of six dogs, liquid and solid gastric emptying rates were scintigraphically determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Celecoxib significantly increased mean and average maximum lower esophageal pressures compared to placebo without affecting the gastric emptying rate. The magnitudes of these increases were similar to that produced by cisapride.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Celecoxib had a positive effect on canine lower esophageal sphincter tone. This finding, combined with the drug's low incidence of gastrointestinal toxicity, suggests that celecoxib may warrant consideration and investigation as a pharmacotherapy for human reflux disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Sebastian G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: de la Fuente
authors.forename: Ross L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: Erik M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Clary
authors.forename: Mary B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: D Curtis
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: W Steve
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Eubanks
authors.forename: Theodore N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Pappas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000068579:Celecoxib; D020117:Cisapride / Q000494:pharmacology; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D011312:Pressure; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000068579:Celecoxib; D020117:Cisapride