title: Improved insulin sensitivity and body fat distribution in HIV-infected patients treated with rosiglitazone: a pilot study.
abstract: The insulin-sensitizing drugs thiazolidinediones (TZDs), such as rosiglitazone, improve insulin sensitivity and also promote adipocyte differentiation in vitro. The authors hypothesized that TZDs might be beneficial to patients with HIV disease to improve insulin sensitivity and the distribution of body fat by increasing peripheral fat. The ability of rosiglitazone (8 mg/d) to improve insulin sensitivity (from hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp) and to improve body fat distribution (determined from computed tomography measurements of visceral adipose tissue [VAT] and subcutaneous adipose tissue [SAT]) was determined in 8 HIV-positive patients. Before treatment, the insulin sensitivity of the patients was reduced to approximately 34% of that in control subjects. The rate of glucose disposal during a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp (Rd) was 3.8 +/-.4 (SEM) mg glucose/kg lean body mass/min compared with 11.08 +/- 1.1 (p<.001) in healthy age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched control subjects. After rosiglitazone treatment of 6 to 12 weeks, Rd increased to 5.99 +/-.9 (p=.02), an improvement of 59 +/- 22%. SAT increased by 23 +/- 10% (p=.05), and, surprisingly, VAT was decreased by 21 +/- 8% (p=.04) with a trend for increased SAT/VAT that failed to reach statistical significance. There were no significant changes in blood counts, viral loads, or CD4 counts with rosiglitazone treatment. The study demonstrates that rosiglitazone therapy improves insulin resistance and body fat distribution in some patients with HIV disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, 11794-8154, USA. mgelato@notes.cc.sunysb.edu
authors.forename: Marie C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gelato
authors.forename: Dennis C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Mynarcik
authors.forename: Joyce L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Quick
authors.forename: Roy T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Steigbigel
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fuhrer
authors.forename: Collin E M
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Brathwaite
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Brebbia
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Wax
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McNurlan
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011859:Radiography; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D013844:Thiazoles; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D005947:Glucose