title: Baclofen blocks LES relaxation and crural diaphragm inhibition by esophageal and gastric distension in cats.
abstract: Esophageal distension and transient lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation (TLESR) are accompanied by simultaneous relaxation of the LES and inhibition of crural diaphragm. Recent studies indicate that baclofen decreases the frequency of TLESR; however, its effect on the crural diaphragm is not known. We evaluated the effects of baclofen on LES relaxation and crural diaphragm inhibition induced by gastric distension and esophageal distension in cats. Five adult cats underwent surgical implantation of wire electrodes into the crural and costal diaphragm for measurement of their EMG activity, respectively. One week after the surgery, animals were lightly sedated and recordings were performed using a manometry catheter equipped with a 2.5-cm balloon. The effects of baclofen (10 micromol/kg iv) on the graded esophageal distension and gastric distension-induced LES and crural diaphragm responses were studied. Distension of the esophagus and stomach induces relaxation of the LES and inhibition of the crural diaphragm, simultaneously. Baclofen blocks both the esophageal and the gastric distension-induced relaxation of the LES and inhibition of the crural diaphragm. The magnitude of response to baclofen was significantly larger for the crural diaphragm inhibition than for the LES relaxation. Baclofen, a GABA(B) receptor agonist, blocks the reflex inhibitory pathway to the LES and crural diaphragm. The reflex inhibitory pathway to the crural diaphragm is more sensitive to blockade by baclofen than the reflex LES inhibitory pathway.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University of California San Diego, San Diego, California 92161, USA.
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Nonko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pehlivanov
authors.forename: Ravinder K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Mittal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001418:Baclofen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002404:Catheterization; D002415:Cats; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004576:Electromyography; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018755:GABA Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D011312:Pressure; D013270:Stomach / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018755:GABA Agonists; D001418:Baclofen