Excretion of bisphenol A-glucuronide into the small intestine and deconjugation in the cecum of the rat.
The environmental estrogen bisphenol A (BPA) is regarded as a modulator of endocrine systems and has been reported to have adverse effects on the reproductive organs of animals. In rats, BPA is metabolized to glucuronide by UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT2B1 in the liver and excreted into the bile. In the present study, we found that most of the bisphenol A-glucuronide (BPA-GA) excreted into the small intestine was deconjugated in the contents of the cecum. After BPA administration, BPA-GA was (immediately should be 15 min) found in the contents of the upper part of the small intestine, and then it moved to the lower part of the small intestine. However, only free BPA was found in the content of the cecum, and there was smaller amount of free BPA in the colon contents, indicating that BPA had been reabsorbed in the colon. BPA-GA was deconjugated by extract prepared from the cecum content which included highest beta-glucuronidase (beta-Gase) observed in Western blot analysis using antibodies against bacterial beta-Gase. These results indicate enterohepatic circulation of BPA and suggest that the adverse effects of BPA are enhanced by repeated exposure.
Sakamoto
Hirokazu
H
Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582-1 Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
Yokota
Hiroshi
H
Kibe
Ryoko
R
Sayama
Yoshikatu
Y
Yuasa
Akira
A
D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002432:Cecum / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005766:Gastrointestinal Contents / Q000737:chemistry; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000737:chemistry; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D005966:Glucuronidase; D020719:Glucuronides; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds