title: Paramagnetic and diamagnetic States in two-dimensional josephson-junction arrays.
abstract: Many experiments on high-temperature superconductors have shown paramagnetic behavior when the sample is field cooled. The paramagnetism was attributed to a d-wave order parameter creating pi-junctions in the samples. However, the same effect was later discovered in traditional low-temperature superconductors and conventional Josephson-junction arrays which are s wave. By simulating both conventional and mixed pi/conventional Josephson-junction arrays we determine that differences exist which may be sufficient to clearly identify the presence of pi junctions. In particular, the pi junctions cause a symmetry breaking providing a measurable signature of their presence.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Energetica, Universitá di L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Leo
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rotoli