title: Synteny comparison between apes and human using fine-mapping of the genome.
abstract: Comparing the genomes of the great apes and human should provide novel information concerning the origins of humankind. Relative to the great apes, the human karyotype has one fewer chromosome pair, as human chromosome 2 derived from the telomeric fusion of two ancestral primate chromosomes. To identify the genomic rearrangements that accompanied human speciation, we initiated a comparative study between human, chimpanzee, and gorilla. Using the HAPPY mapping method, an acellular adaptation of the radiation hybrid method, we mapped a few hundred markers on the human, chimpanzee, and gorilla genomes. This allowed us to identify several chromosome rearrangements, in particular a pericentric inversion and a translocation. We precisely localized the synteny breakpoint that led to the formation of human chromosome 2. This breakpoint was confirmed by FISH mapping.
authors.affiliation: UMR 6061 CNRS Génétiques & Développement, Faculté de Médecine, Rennes, France.
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Pontbriand
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yvon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cavaloc
authors.forename: Marie-Geneviève
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mattei
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Galibert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002889:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005819:Genetic Markers; D015894:Genome, Human; D015186:Hominidae; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007621:Karyotyping; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D026801:Synteny
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers