title: Where is a singer's voice if it is placed "forward"?
abstract: Singing teachers sometimes characterize voice quality in terms of "forward" and "backward" placement. In view of our traditional knowledge about voice production it is hard to explain any possible acoustic or articulatory differences between the voices so "placed." The analysis of the teachers' expert opinions demonstrates that, in general, a voice placed "forward" indicates a desirable quality that students should attain by the end of their studies. Productions that were perceived as "forward" and "backward" were selected from the listening test. The acoustic analysis of those productions reveals that the voice quality in the case of "forward" placement correlates with higher frequencies of the second (F2) and third (F3) formants, as well as with a more salient "singer's formant" in the voice. The five basic vowels were included in the investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Musicology, Estonian Academy of Music, Tallinn. vurma@ema.edu.ee
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vurma
authors.forename: Jaan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010700:Phonetics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014833:Voice Quality