title: The role of the parahippocampal gyrus in source memory for external and internal events.
abstract: We can discriminate between the memories of real and imagined events. In this study, the traces of the perceived external events and the imagined internal events were investigated in the established paradigm of reality monitoring using event-related fMRI. In the retrieval phase, we found that the left parahippocampal gyrus represented the traces of visually encoded memory. The right inferior parietal cortex was activated when subjects judged that the original event was imagined. We suggest that these traces are used to distinguish what is seen from what is thought during reality monitoring. Furthermore, we found that the incorrect judgments were associated with signal increases in the left frontal operculum, suggesting that this area is a candidate for the monitoring system of contextual information or failure in the retrieval phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, The University of Tokyo School of Medicine, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohki
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyashita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007092:Imagination / Q000502:physiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D020534:Parahippocampal Gyrus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology