title: Improved development of ICR mouse 2-cell embryos by the addition of amino acids to a serum-, phosphate-and glucose-free medium.
abstract: This study was conducted to evaluate how exogenous amino acids could affect preimplantation development of ICR mouse embryos. Two-cell embryos collected from naturally mated mice were cultured in amino acid-, glucose- and phosphate-free preimplantation (P)-1 medium. In Experiments 1, 19 amino acids (aa; 1% and 0.5% of MEM essential and nonessential amino acid solutions, respectively) were added to P-1 medium supplemented with either fatty acid-free bovine serum albumin (BSA; 3 mg/mL) or human follicular fluid (hFF; 10%). Regardless of BSA or hFF addition, embryo development to the morula (84 to 86% vs. 97 to 100%) and the blastocyst (54% vs. 93 to 94%) stages was significantly (P<0.05) enhanced by the addition of aa compared with no addition. In Experiment 2, the cell number of blastomeres and inner cell mass (ICM) cells in blastocysts and the ratio of ICM cell to trophectodermal cell (TE) were evaluated after aa addition. In both BSA- and hFF-containing P-1 medium, a significant increase in total blastomere number were found after aa addition (47 to 52 vs. 62 to 63 cells) compared with no addition. However, the ICM/TE ratio was not significantly affected by aa supplementation in both media, while ICM cell number was greatly increased after aa addition in hFF-containing medium (12 vs. 17 cells). When blastocysts were further cultured up to 162 hr post-hCG injection, development to the hatched blastocyst stage was significantly promoted by aa addition (0% vs. 11 to 20%) in both BSA- and hFF-containing media. In conclusion, aa significantly promote the preimplantation development to the hatched blastocyst stage and such effect mainly exerted on supporting blastomere proliferation.
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seodun-Dong, Suwon, Korea.
authors.forename: Jongki
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Seungeun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyungmin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Hosup
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Byeongchun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kihyeong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Sungkeun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jaeyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Changkyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eunsong
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Woosuk
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jeongmook
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001755:Blastocyst / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D002417:Cattle; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free / Q000737:chemistry*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D015571:Follicular Fluid; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009028:Morula / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D010710:Phosphates; D012709:Serum Albumin; D005947:Glucose