Longitudinal follow up of SIVmac pathogenesis in rhesus macaques of Chinese origin: emergence of B cell lymphoma.
Two subspecies of rhesus (Rh) macaques, the Chinese (Ch) and Indian (Ind) subspecies were infected intravenously with 100TCID50 SIVmac239. CD4+, CD8+ T cells, plasma viral loads, depletion of intestinal lymphocytes with memory phenotype, humoral immune responses and clinical courses were monitored for 600 days. The pathogenesis of SIVmac was also compared with primary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection of humans. Plasma viral loads in Ch Rh were lower in the acute and chronic phases compared with Ind Rh. SIVmac pathogenesis in Ch Rh was closer to virus loads in untreated HIV infected humans. Ch Rh had higher CD4/CD8 ratios, stronger antibody responses and interestingly, less depletion of intestinal memory CCR5+ CD4+ T lymphocytes compared with Ind Rh. One Ch Rh developed B cell origin lymphoma at 570 days post-infection, the first such report in this subspecies. Three of four Ind Rh developed AIDS within 6 months. The findings indicate that Ch Rh are more resistant to SIVmac pathogenesis compared with Ind Rh and that Ch Rh paralleled HIV-1 infections in untreated adult humans. The SIVmac infected Ch Rh subspecies are an acceptable model for HIV/AIDS.
Ling
B
B
Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.
Veazey
R S
RS
Penedo
C
C
Xu
K
K
Lifson
J D
JD
Marx
P A
PA
D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D002681:China; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D012367:RNA, Viral; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D019562:Viral Load
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral