title: Low use of medication in home deliveries in the Netherlands.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In view of the growing concern for de-medicalizing childbirth, the aim of this study is to give detailed figures on the use of medication during home deliveries in the Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study of medication use by 68 community midwives during 716 home births in the Netherlands.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Medication was used in 58.4% of the home deliveries, with an average of 1.4 drugs per delivery. The drugs used were mostly oxytocin (in 35.6% of all deliveries) and local anesthetics (in 32.9%). When medication was used, it was administered before cutting the umbilical cord in 16.7% of the cases. Prophylactic or routine administration of local anesthesia, postpartum hemorrhages, and retained placenta were the most frequent indications for using medication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of medication during home deliveries in the Netherlands is low and newborns are minimally exposed to medication. This illustrates the Dutch birth culture, which tends to minimize the medical aspect of childbirth.
authors.affiliation: Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration, University of Groningen, Department of Social Pharmacy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacotherapy, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schirm
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tobi
authors.forename: L T W
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: de Jong-van den Berg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical / Q000379:methods; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006700:Home Childbirth / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008880:Midwifery; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D009721:Nurse Midwives; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D010121:Oxytocin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D015995:Prevalence; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D010121:Oxytocin