title: Cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in the rat is significantly ameliorated by treatment with MEK1/2 inhibitors U0126 and PD98059.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both cerulein and cholecystokinin activate mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase (ERK1/2) in vivo and in isolated pancreatic acini.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  ERK1/2 in pancreas homogenates was activated in rats rendered pancreatitic by subcutaneous injections of cerulein (5 microg/kg per hour). To determine if blocking ERK1/2 activity might rescue cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis, the "MAP kinase kinase" (also known as MEK1/2) inhibitors PD98059 and U0126 were administered in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In rats pretreated with PD98059 (10 mg/kg per i.v. injection) or U0126 (5 mg/kg per i.v. injection) 30 minutes before and then together with hourly cerulein injections for 3 hours, pancreatitis was significantly attenuated on the basis of pancreatic wet weight and histology. Serum amylase concentration was significantly reduced when PD98059 was administered intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg per intraperitoneal injection). PD98059 also ameliorated pancreatitis over a 6-hour cerulein time course. The phosphorylation of pancreatic ERK1/2 was attenuated in PD98059- and U0126-treated animals at both 30 minutes and 3 hours after cerulein injection. Rats rendered neutropenic with vinblastine and pretreated with U0126 still showed attenuated manifestations of cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis, a finding suggesting that pancreatic ERK1/2 is mostly responsible for the effect, rather than infiltrating neutrophils.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhibition of pancreatic ERK1/2 in vivo affords significant protection against inflammatory sequelae following cerulein-induced acute pancreatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Antoinette P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Clemons
authors.forename: Deborah M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Holstein
authors.forename: Aurelio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saunders
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D002070:Butadienes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002108:Ceruletide; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D008297:Male; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D002070:Butadienes; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D009570:Nitriles; C113580:U 0126; D002108:Ceruletide; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one