title: Expression of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor during prostate development and prostate cancer progression.
abstract: Colony-stimulating factor-1 receptor (CSF-1R) is the major regulator of macrophage development and is associated with epithelial cancers of the breast and ovary. Immunohistochemistry analysis of murine prostate development demonstrated epithelial expression of CSF-1R during the protrusion of prostatic buds from the urogenital sinus, during the prepubertal and androgen-driven proliferative expansion and branching of the gland, with a decline in older animals. Models of murine prostate cancer showed CSF-1R expression in areas of carcinoma- and tumor-associated macrophages. Several human prostate cancer cell lines and primary cultures of human prostate epithelial cells had low but detectable levels of CSF-1R. Human prostatectomy samples showed low or undetectable levels of receptor in normal glands or benign prostatic hypertrophy specimens. Staining was strongest in areas of prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia or carcinoma of Gleason histological grade 3 or 4. The activated form of the receptor reactive with antibodies specific for phosphotyrosine modified peptide sequences was observed in samples of metastatic prostate cancer. Immunohistochemistry showed strong expression of CSF-1R by macrophage lineage cells, including villous macrophages and the syncytiotrophoblast layer of placenta, Kupper cells in the liver, and histiocytes infiltrating near prostate cancers. These observations correlate CSF-1R expression with changes in the growth and development of the normal and neoplastic prostate.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Hisamitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Seligson
authors.forename: Sanaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Memarzadeh
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horvath
authors.forename: Purnima
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.forename: Maryann B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Flick
authors.forename: Barry M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kacinski
authors.forename: Aarno
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palotie
authors.forename: Owen N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Witte
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010455:Peptides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011467:Prostate / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D010455:Peptides; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D016186:Receptor, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor