title: [Image quality and detection of pathology by ultrasound: comparison of B-mode ultrasound with photopic imaging and tissue harmonic imaging alone and in combination].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the accuracy of photopic imaging (PI) in detecting pathology by ultrasound (US) and to assess the image quality in direct comparison with conventional B-mode ultrasound and tissue harmonic imaging (THI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two patients underwent US examination, among them 29 patients for abdominal assessment and 23 for otolaryngological assessment. A total of 208 freeze frames, 52 B-mode scans each with and without THI and 52 B-mode scans each with and without PI, were assessed by three readers, who determined the presence of pathology on a scale of 1 (definitely abnormal) to 5 (definitely normal). All 52 patients underwent US follow-up within six weeks. The results were confirmed by CT in 30 patients and by histology in five cases. Image quality and different color encodings of each technique were rated on a ranking scale of 1 (optimal) to 4 (poor). The different US techniques were compared in terms of image quality, diagnostic accuracy, and color encoding using McNemar's test and ROC analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results for image quality were as follows: B-scan 3.9; THI 1.9; PI 2.8; and THI plus PI 1.5 (each p < 0.05). The following AUCs (Area under Curve, presence of pathology) were calculated: 0.925, 0.990, and 0.990 for B-mode US, THI, and PI, respectively (not significant), and 0.994 for THI plus PI (significant compared to B-mode scan). The different color encodings were rated as follows: reddish brown 1.6, gray 1.9, blue 3.1, and green 3.6 (each p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For ultrasound examinations, PI in combination with THI improves the image quality and conspicuity of pathology.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Humboldt-Universität Berlin. thom.fischer@charite.de
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filimonow
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taupitz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petersein
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beyersdorff
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bollow
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hamm
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000236:Adenoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002764:Cholecystitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D020518:Focal Nodular Hyperplasia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006044:Goiter, Nodular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009333:Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*