title: Central serotonergic activity is related to the aggressive behaviors of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: The clinical correlates of reduced serotonin (5-HT) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain unknown. The hypothesis of this study was that altered central serotonergic activity is related to aggression in AD. Twenty-two institutionalized, nondepressed elderly (12 M/10 F, mean age +/- SD: 82.2 +/- 6.4) with probable AD, severe cognitive impairment (MMSE = 4.1 +/- 4.7) and significant behavioral disturbance (Neuropsychiatric Inventory (NPI) score > or = 8) were studied. The prolactin (PRL) response to d,l-fenfluramine (60 mg p.o.) was used as an index of central serotonergic function. The NPI aggression score, NPI irritability score, and Behavioral Pathology in AD aggression score were positively correlated to prolactin concentrations following fenfluramine challenge (r(S) =.61, p =.003; r(S) =.53, p =.012; and r(S) =.47, p =.029 respectively). In addition, aggressive patients showed a greater mean PRL increase (% baseline) (215 +/- 60, n = 11) than nonaggressive subjects (123 +/- 54, n = 11) (p =.01, 2-tailed t-test). The change in PRL concentration depended on level of cognitive impairment (p =.0004) and the gender x aggression interaction (p =.015) with the overall regression model accounting for 74% of the variance (r = 0.86, F = 11.9, p =.0001). Female aggressive subjects with less cognitive impairment had the largest response to fenfluramine challenge. These results suggest a complex link between aggression in AD and central serotonergic dysfunction having interactions with gender and cognitive impairment.
authors.affiliation: Psychopharmacology Research Program and Department of Psychiatry, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Krista.Lanctot@swchsc.on.ca
authors.forename: Krista L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lanctôt
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eryavec
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Reekum
authors.forename: Kenton
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Claudio A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Naranjo
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005277:Fenfluramine / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010903:Pituitary Gland, Anterior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D012701:Serotonin / Q000172:deficiency*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D012737:Sex Factors; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005277:Fenfluramine; D011388:Prolactin; D012701:Serotonin; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors