title: Vascular endothelial growth factor is expressed in endothelial cells isolated from skeletal muscles of nitric oxide synthase knockout mice during prazosin-induced angiogenesis.
abstract: In skeletal muscles, angiogenesis can be induced by increases in wall shear stress. To identify molecules involved in the angiogenic process, a method based on the use of BS-1 lectin-coated magnetic beads was developed to isolate a cellular fraction enriched in microvascular endothelial cells which are directly exposed to wall shear stress. Using such cellular fractions from skeletal muscles of C57 mice in which angiogenesis was induced by administration with the alpha(1)-adrenergic antagonist prazosin, we found the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) increased in correlation to the duration of the prazosin stimulus. In contrast, the angiopoietin-2/tie-2 system was not changed even after 4days of prazosin treatment. In neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) knockout mice, the VEGF concentration was also elevated after prazosin treatment but remained almost unchanged in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) knockout mice. However, eNOS (and not nNOS) knockout mice expressed higher levels of VEGF under non-stimulated conditions as compared to C57 mice. These results suggest that VEGF produced in endothelial cells is involved in angiogenesis in skeletal muscles of mice responding to the administration of systemic vasodilators. NO derived from eNOS and nNOS may be an important regulator of the angiogenic response in skeletal muscles in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University Clinic Benjamin Franklin, Free University of Berlin, Arnimallee 22 D-14195, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Da Silva-Azevedo
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zakrzewicz
authors.forename: Axel R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Pries
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D004727:Endothelium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D011224:Prazosin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D037102:Lectins; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D011224:Prazosin