title: Roles of insulin-like growth factors and their binding proteins in the differentiation of mouse tongue myoblasts.
abstract: To study the roles of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and their binding proteins (IGFBPs) in the differentiation of tongue myoblasts, we established a mouse tongue organ culture system and examined the effects of exogenous IGF-I, exogenous IGFBP4, 5, 6, and des(1-3)IGF-I, an IGF-I analogue with reduced affinity for IGFBPs, on the differentiation of tongue myoblasts. The exogenous IGF-I stimulated differentiation of tongue myoblasts and induced the expressions of endogenous IGFBP4, 5, and 6, suggesting that these IGFBPs were involved in the regulation of tongue myoblast differentiation by the IGF-I. Exogenous IGFBP4 and 5 slightly stimulated early tongue myoblast differentiation in which myogenin was involved. The stimulation seems to be due to the protection of endogenous IGFs from proteolytic degradation by the binding of these IGFBPs to endogenous IGFs. A low concentration of des(1-3)IGF-I stimulated tongue myoblast differentiation, whereas high concentrations of des(1-3)IGF-I inhibited it. The abnormal shape of the tongue, low cell density and low staining intensity with hematoxylin and eosin in tongues treated with high concentrations of des(1-3)IGF-I, suggest that the inhibition is due to abnormal reactions of tongue tissues to the toxicity caused by high concentrations of des(1-3)IGF-I. From these results, we suggest that IGFBPs may function to regulate the differentiation of mouse tongue myoblasts by controlling the concentration of free IGFs within a range suitable for the progress of tongue myoblast differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Yokohama, Japan. GAH03667@nifty.ne.jp
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamane
authors.forename: Toki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urushiyama
authors.forename: Thomas G H
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Diekwisch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D032448:Myoblasts, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D014059:Tongue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006133:Growth Substances; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C058957:insulin-like growth factor 1, des-(1-3)-; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II