title: Beta -oxidation of free fatty acids is required to maintain translational control of protein synthesis in heart.
abstract: The study described herein investigated the role of free fatty acids (FFAs) in the maintenance of protein synthesis in vivo in rat cardiac and skeletal muscle. Suppression of FFA beta-oxidation by methyl palmoxirate caused a marked reduction in protein synthesis in the heart. The effect on protein synthesis was mediated in part by changes in the function of eukaryotic initiation factors (eIFs) involved in the initiation of mRNA translation. The guanine nucleotide exchange activity of eIF2B was repressed, phosphorylation of the alpha-subunit of eIF2 was enhanced, and phosphorylation of eIF4E-binding protein-1 and ribosomal protein S6 kinase was reduced. Similar changes in protein synthesis and translation initiation were not observed in the gastrocnemius following treatment with methyl palmoxirate. In heart, repressed beta-oxidation of FFA correlated, as demarcated by changes in the ATP/AMP ratio and phosphorylation of AMP-activated kinase, with alterations in the energy status of the tissue. Therefore, the activation state of signal transduction pathways that are responsive to cellular energy stress represents one mechanism whereby translation initiation may be regulated in cardiac muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, The Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Crozier
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bolster
authors.forename: Ali K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Reiter
authors.forename: Scot R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kimball
authors.forename: Leonard S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Jefferson
mesh_terms: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011422:Propionates / Q000494:pharmacology; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D011422:Propionates; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D038744:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 90-kDa; C512963:Rps6ka1 protein, rat; C017522:methyl 2-tetradecylglycidate