title: Microbial and viral drug resistance mechanisms.
abstract: Microorganisms and viruses have developed numerous resistance mechanisms that enable them to evade the effect of antimicrobials and antivirals. As a result, many have become resistant to almost every available means of treatment. This problem, although not new, is becoming increasingly acute and it is now clear that a fundamental understanding of the mechanisms that microbes and viruses deploy in the development of resistance is essential if we are to gain new insights into ways to combat this problem.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Infectious Diseases, Wolfson Research Institute, University of Durham, Queen's Campus, Stockton-on-Tees, UK.
authors.forename: Kenneth S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: McKeegan
authors.forename: M Ines
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Borges-Walmsley
authors.forename: Adrian R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Walmsley
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000502:physiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D014780:Viruses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins