title: [Treatment of the motor cerebral palsy child with botulinum toxin A: mode of action, injection places in management].
abstract: Many studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of botulinum toxin injections in order to decrease spasticity in cerebral palsy. However it is essential to carefully assess children to be treated, and the muscles which need to be injected. Injections of soleus in dynamic equinus without fixed contrature in very young children provide the best results, but other muscles may be injected such as upper limbs muscles. Injections have mainly a functional purpose, but sometimes they may contribute to prevent fixed contractures or pain during nursing.
authors.affiliation: Service de neurologie pédiatrique, Hôpital d'enfants de la Timone, 264, rue Saint-Pierre, 13385 Marseille, France. pcarrelet@ch-aix.fr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carrelet
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bollini
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chabrol
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000379:methods; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009128:Muscle Spasticity; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A