title: Determination of selected monohydroxy metabolites of 2-, 3- and 4-ring polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urine by solid-phase microextraction and isotope dilution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: Eighteen monohydroxy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon metabolites (OH-PAHs) representing polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) containing up to four rings in human urine have been measured. The method includes the addition of carbon-13 labeled internal standards, enzymatic hydrolysis, and solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography with high-resolution mass spectrometry. By using response factors calculated with the carbon-13 labeled standards, results are presented for calibration, relative standard deviations and analyte levels from an unspiked human urine pool. The method detection limits ranged from 0.78 ng/l for hydroxyphenanthrenes to 15.8 ng/l for 1-hydroxynaphthalene, and the recoveries ranged between 6% for hydroxychrysene and 47% for 1-hydroxypyrene. The relative standard deviation was lowest for 3-hydroxyphenanthrene at 2.4% and went up to 18.7% for 6-hydroxychrysene. The method was calibrated from 10 to 1200 ng/l. Eleven of the 18 metabolites were found in background pooled urine samples. This validated method is a convenient and reliable tool for determining urinary OH-PAHs as biomarkers of exposure to eight PAHs.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Toxicology Branch, 4770 Buford Highway, MS F-17, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA. cps6@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Charisse J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Walcott
authors.forename: Wenlin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Vince
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Maggio
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grainger
authors.forename: Donald G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Patterson
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000652:urine*; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D011083:Polycyclic Compounds