title: Effects of risk counseling on interest in breast cancer genetic testing for lower risk women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A randomized trial was conducted to test the effects of two counseling methods (genetic counseling and group counseling) against a control no-intervention condition on interest in genetic testing in lower risk women.
  
  
  METHODS
  After completing baseline surveys, women (N = 357) were randomized to one of three conditions: to receive individual genetic risk counseling, to receive a group psychosocial group counseling, or to serve as a control group. Participants completed follow-up questionnaires 6 months after randomization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All participants had some familial history of breast cancer, but none had a family history indicative of autosomal dominant genetic mutation. At baseline over three fourths of the sample judged themselves to be appropriate candidates for testing. By the end of the survey, two thirds (70%) of the women in the counseling group still judged themselves to be appropriate candidates for testing. Findings were similar for interest in genetic testing. Changes in beliefs about genetic testing (e.g., beliefs about potential stigma associated with testing) altered the effects of counseling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that counseling can change interest in genetic testing only slightly and that changing women's beliefs about the properties of testing might be one mechanism of doing so.
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bowen
authors.forename: Wylie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McTiernan
authors.forename: Dale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McLeran
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000523:psychology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003657:Decision Making; D004493:Education; D005260:Female; D019398:Genes, BRCA1; D005817:Genetic Counseling; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000523:psychology*; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D011615:Psychotherapy, Group; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires