title: Amino acid deletions are introduced into the V2 region of gp120 during independent pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV chimeric virus (SHIV) infections of rhesus monkeys generating variants that are macrophage tropic.
abstract: Highly pathogenic simian immunodeficiency virus/HIV chimeric viruses (SHIVs) cause extremely rapid, irreversible, and systemic depletions of CD4(+) T lymphocytes in inoculated rhesus monkeys. In the absence of this T cell subset, virus production can be sustained for several months by tissue macrophage. During independent infections of seven animals with uncloned virus stocks, SHIV variants emerged bearing amino acid deletions that affected specific residues of the gp120 V2 loop. Some of these macrophage-phase SHIVs replicated to high levels in alveolar macrophage.
authors.affiliation: Science Applications International Corporation-Frederick, Inc., Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imamichi
authors.forename: Tatsuhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Tomozumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imamichi
authors.forename: Olivia K
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Donau
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Ronald L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Willey
authors.forename: Anthony F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Suffredini
authors.forename: H Clifford
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: Malcolm A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002678:Chimera / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C069623:gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus