title: Decreased nitric oxide production after intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in patients with Kawasaki disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess nitric oxide (NO) production and different displays of NO synthase (NOS) isoforms in patients with Kawasaki disease (KD) before and after intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood and urine samples were collected from patients with KD before IVIG treatment and 3 days afterward. Age-matched febrile patients with various diseases served as control patients. Plasma NOx (NO3- + NO2-) levels were measured as NO production. Real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical staining were used to detect differential NOS isoform expression in mononuclear leukocytes (MNCs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with KD (n = 40) had higher levels of NOx than the non-KD febrile control patients. The elevated NOx levels in patients with KD were significantly associated with the occurrence of coronary artery dilation (>3 mm). These elevated NOx levels significantly decreased after IVIG treatment (157.8 +/- 15.9 micromol/L vs 57.0 +/- 4.27 micromol/L, P <.01). However, excretion of urinary NOx levels was not changed after IVIG treatment. Inducible but not constitutive NOS mRNA and protein in MNCs were prominently expressed but significantly decreased after IVIG treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IVIG may suppress iNOS expression of MNCs in patients with KD, thus decreasing NO-mediated inflammatory responses and coronary artery dilation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Chang-Gung Children's Hospital at Kaohsiung, Chang-Gung University, Niau-Sung, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Lu
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-Tsun
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chia-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hsiu-Chin
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Li-Tung
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Kuender D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects / Q000652:urine; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009080:Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000652:urine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects / Q000652:urine; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013624:Taiwan; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007527:Isoenzymes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase