The Religious Support Scale: construction, validation, and cross-validation.
Cutrona and Russell's social support model was used to develop a religious support measure (C. E. Cutrona & D. W. Russell, 1987), including 3 distinct but related subscales respectively measuring support from God, the congregation, and church leadership. Factor analyses with the main sample's data (249 Protestants) and cross-validation (93 additional Protestants) supported the scales' reliability and validity. All 3 types of religious support were related to lower depression and greater life satisfaction. Moreover, several relationships between the 3 subscales and psychological functioning variables remained significant after controlling for variance because of church attendance and social support. Results suggest that religious attendance does not automatically imply religious support, and that religious support can provide unique resources for religious persons, above and beyond those furnished by social support. Findings are discussed regarding relevance to community psychology.
Fiala
William E
WE
Azusa Pacific University, USA.
Bjorck
Jeffrey P
JP
Gorsuch
Richard
R
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003159:Community-Institutional Relations; D003863:Depression / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D015141:Los Angeles; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D033303:Protestantism / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012944:Social Support; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000517:prevention & control*