Gut mucosal immunity to tissue transglutaminase in untreated celiac disease and other gastrointestinal disorders.
Tissue transglutaminase antibodies have not previously been measured in gut secretions. IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase and anti-endomysium antibodies were measured in paired serum and whole gut lavage fluid samples from patients with untreated celiac disease (N = 36), other gastrointestinal diseases (N = 235), and healthy volunteers (N = 13). HLA DQ2 typing was performed in the celiac patients. Whole gut lavage IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody concentrations were raised in 83% of celiac patients, 4% of disease controls, and 8% of volunteers, and the antibody concentrations were significantly higher in celiac patients than in controls (P < 0.0001). Whole gut lavage IgA anti-endomysium antibodies were positive in 67% of celiac patients, but in none of the controls. Whole gut lavage, but not serum, IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody concentrations were significantly higher in DQ2 positive than negative celiac patients. In conclusion, whole gut lavage IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody concentrations are higher in untreated celiac disease than in other gastrointestinal diseases.
Dahele
Anna
A
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Western General Hospital, Scotland.
Aldhous
Marian C
MC
Kingstone
Kathleen
K
Humphreys
Kennneth
K
Bode
John
J
McIntyre
Margaret
M
Ghosh
Subrata
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology*
D001323:Autoantibodies; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins