title: Cellular distribution and contribution of cyclooxygenase COX-2 to diabetogenesis in NOD mouse.
abstract: Unlike most other mammalian cells, beta-cells of Langerhans constitutively express cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 rather than COX-1. COX-2 is also constitutively expressed in type 1 diabetes (T1D) patients' periphery blood monocytes and macrophage. To understand the role of COX-2 in the beta-cell, we investigated COX-2 expression in beta-cells and islet infiltrates of NOD and BALB/c mice using fluorescence immunohistochemistry and cytochemical confocal microscopy and Western blotting. Immunostaining showed that COX-2 is expressed in islet-infiltrating macrophages, and that the expression of insulin and COX-2 disappeared concomitantly from the beta-cells when NOD mice progressed toward overt diabetes. Also cultured INS-1E cells coexpressed insulin and COX-2 but clearly in different subcellular compartments. Treatment with celecoxib increased insulin release from these cells in a dose-dependent manner in glucose concentrations ranging from 5 to 17 mM. Excessive COX-2 expression by the islet-infiltrating macrophages may contribute to the beta-cell death during insulitis. The effects of celecoxib on INS-1E cells suggest that PGE(2) and other downstream products of COX-2 may contribute to the regulation of insulin release from the beta-cells.
authors.affiliation: Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (FDRF) Center for Prevention of Type 1 Diabetes in Finland, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. cheng.luo@utu.fi
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kallajoki
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mulari
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teros
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ylinen
authors.forename: Marjaana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mäkinen
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laine
authors.forename: Olli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Simell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000068579:Celecoxib; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D002460:Cell Line; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000201:enzymology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007328:Insulin; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000068579:Celecoxib