title: Dose-response effect of egg-phosphatidylcholine on maze-learning ability and fatty acid composition of plasma and brain in aged mice fed an n-3 fatty acid-deficient diet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the dose-response effect of egg-phosphatidylcholine (PC) on the maze-learning ability and brain fatty acid composition in aged mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Crj:CD-1 mice aged 18 months were fed the following diets for 4 months: (i) 5 g palm oil/100 g diet (n-3-deficient control group); (ii) 1 g egg-PC/100 g diet plus 4 g palm oil/100 g diet (egg-PC 1% group); (iii) 2.5 g egg-PC/100 g diet plus 2.5 g palm oil/100 g diet (egg-PC 2.5% group), and (iv) 5 g egg-PC/100 g diet (egg-PC 5% group). Maze-learning ability was assessed 3 months after the start of the experiment. All animals were maintained on the n-3 fatty acid-deficient diets to examine the direct effect of egg-PC on maze behavior. The time required to reach the maze exit and the number of times that a mouse strayed into blind alleys in the maze were measured in 3 trials every 4 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results showed that the 2.5 and 5% egg-PC groups needed less (p < 0.05) time to find the exit and strayed into blind alleys fewer times (p < 0.05) than the control group. In order to determine the relationship between maze-behavior and brain docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and arachidonic acid (AA) levels in aged mice fed various doses of egg-PC, the plasma and brain fatty acid composition was examined. Dose-response increases in the percentage of DHA were found in plasma lipids. However, based on our data on the brain fatty acid composition of mice fed various doses of egg-PC, no significant differences in the percentages of DHA and AA among the dietary groups were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the intake of egg-PC improves maze-learning ability in aged mice fed n-3 fatty acid-deficient diets but it does not influence the percentage of brain DHA and AA.
authors.affiliation: National Food Research Institute, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Sun-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Hiramitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D008055:Lipids; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines