title: Restorative effects of glutamate antagonists in experimental parkinsonism.
abstract: Several compounds with antagonistic actions on N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors were tested for an antiakinesic action in hypoactive MPTP-treated C57 BL/6 mice rendered tolerant to the motor activity enhancing effects of the 20 mg/kg, s.c., dose of L-Dopa; each compound was administered 60 min before the administration of the dopamine precursor. The classes of compounds studied included the noncompetitive NMDA antagonists, memantine, amantadine and MK-801, the competitive NMDA antagonist, CGP 40116, the anticonvulsive and putative anticonvulsive agents, lamotrigine and FCE 26743, with a partial glutamatergic antagonistic action. All six compounds elevated locomotor, rearing and total activity counts of L-Dopa-tolerant mice in co-administration with L-Dopa in dose-specific or dose-dependent manners but only memantine and MK-801 affected motor activity in the control mice, that also received chronic L-Dopa treatment. Thus, the restorative actions of those compounds in suprathreshold L-Dopa-tolerant MPTP-treated mice subjected to "wearing-off" of L-Dopa efficacy were assessed in a series of experiments. Within each class of potentially therapeutic agents a differential restorative efficacy of the motor activity-stimulating effects of hypoactive MPTP mice was obtained, confirming the putative antiparkinsonian applications of compounds with glutamate antagonistic actions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden. Trevor.Archer@psy.gu.se
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Palomo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fredriksson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D007980:Levodopa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D007980:Levodopa; D004298:Dopamine