title: [Postoperative nausea and vomiting--pathophysiology, prophylaxis and treatment].
abstract: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) are among the most common complications in operative medicine. Especially patients undergoing middle ear surgery or adenotonsillectomy are frequently associated with PONV (70 %). Furthermore, emesis carries the risk of severe postoperative complications and is associated with additional costs and distress in patient management. If the patient carries a high risk for postoperative emesis, the patient should receive a prophylactic antiemetic therapy. 5-HT 3 receptor antagonists are highly effective in prevention and management of PONV. This review will discuss pathophysiology, prophylaxis and treatment of postoperative nausea and vomiting after E.N.T. surgery.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Germany.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lipka
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wappler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leuwer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schulte Am Esch
mesh_terms: D000777:Anesthetics / Q000009:adverse effects; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011292:Premedication; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D044406:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; D012307:Risk Factors; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D000932:Antiemetics; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D044406:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT3; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists