Chemoprotective potential of phase 2 enzyme inducers.
In this review we summarize recent data on the use of phase 2 enzyme inducers as cancer chemopreventive agents in preclinical and clinical studies. These agents elevate the expression of genes involved in the detoxication of electrophiles and free radicals that contribute to carcinogenesis. Their mechanisms of action, efficacy and limitations are discussed. Particular attention is paid to isothiocyante and dithiolethione classes of agents, as these are the most developed.
Dick
Ryan A
RA
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, 615 N. Wolfe St., Rm. 7032, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Kensler
Thomas W
TW
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D020536:Enzyme Activators / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D017879:Isothiocyanates / Q000494:pharmacology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013871:Thiones / Q000494:pharmacology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D020536:Enzyme Activators; D017879:Isothiocyanates; D013871:Thiones