title: Type 1 diabetes mellitus in a 3 1/2 year-old girl with Turner's syndrome.
abstract: Turner's syndrome is associated with autoimmune disorders. Autoimmune endocrinopathy in Turner's syndrome seems to be limited to autoimmune thyroiditis. A small number of patients with Turner's syndrome has also been associated with celiac disease, inflammatory bowel disease and juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Type 1 diabetes mellitus in Turner's syndrome has been rarely reported. We present here the youngest patient with Turner's syndrome who developed type 1 diabetes mellitus. At the age of 3.5 years she was hospitalized with diabetic ketoacidosis. Anti-islet cell and anti-insulin antibodies were positive and C-peptide level was low. When she was investigated for recurrent urinary tract infections, horseshoe kidney was detected by ultrasonography. Karyotype analysis revealed 45,XO. She has been followed for 2 years with an insulin dose of 0.9 U/kg per day. The prevalence of type 1 diabetes mellitus associated with Turner's syndrome is still unknown.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology Unit, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: E Nazli
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Gonc
authors.forename: Alev
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozon
authors.forename: Ayfer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alikasifoglu
authors.forename: Nurgun
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kandemir
mesh_terms: D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies