title: Formoterol provides long-lasting protection against exercise-induced bronchospasm.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with exercise-induced bronchospasm (EIB) may benefit from a prophylactic beta2-adrenergic agonist that combines rapid onset with long duration of action.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the protective effect against EIB of a single inhaled dose of formoterol powder delivered via the Aerolizer inhaler (Novartis Pharmaceuticals, East Hanover, NJ) with the effect of placebo and albuterol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen patients with EIB were randomized to treatment in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, four-way, crossover study. Seventeen patients completed all four crossover periods. Each patient received in random sequence a single dose of formoterol (12 or 24 microg), albuterol (180 microg), or placebo at intervals of 5 +/- 2 days. Pulmonary function measurements were taken before and after exercise challenge tests (ECTs) at 15 minutes postdosing and at 4, 8, and 12 hours postdosing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both doses of formoterol produced significantly greater protection against EIB, compared with placebo, at all timepoints (P < or = 0.016). The two doses of formoterol were not significantly different from one another at any time. Protection against EIB with albuterol was clinically significant only for the 15-minute ECT and was statistically superior to placebo for the 15-minute and 4-hour ECTs. Although formoterol and albuterol exhibited a rapid onset of action, formoterol provided longer-lasting protection over the 12-hour observation period. Rescue medication was used substantially less with either dose of formoterol, compared with albuterol or placebo. All treatments were well tolerated. Two-hour postdosing electrocardiograms and vital signs were unremarkable for all study treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single dose of formoterol (12 or 24 microg) provides protection against EIB within 15 minutes of dosing and persists for up to 12 hours. Formoterol is safe and well tolerated.
authors.affiliation: rmrc2001@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Edwin A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bronsky
authors.forename: Umit
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Yegen
authors.forename: Ching Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Lawrence V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Della Cioppa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000328:Adult; D001250:Asthma, Exercise-Induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010366:Peak Expiratory Flow Rate
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D004983:Ethanolamines; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate