title: Humanized anti-CD154 antibody therapy for the treatment of allograft rejection in nonhuman primates.
abstract: The anti-CD154 antibody hu5C8 prevents acute allograft rejection and prolongs allograft survival after withdrawal of therapy in nonhuman primates. This study describes the use of hu5C8 as a rescue agent for rejection developing after the withdrawal of hu5C8. Twelve rhesus monkeys that had received renal allografts under hu5C8 induction and subsequently rejected were studied. Rescue with hu5C8 was analyzed based on the histological character of the rejection (acute versus chronic) and whether conventional therapy was received at the time of rescue or induction. The diagnosis of rejection and response to therapy was based on allograft function and histology. Four monkeys that had acute rejection associated with conventional immunosuppression and hu5C8 were not reversed by hu5C8 rescue. Four animals with isolated chronic rejection following prolonged rejection-free survival after the withdrawal of hu5C8 did not respond to hu5C8 rescue therapy. Hu5C8 rescue therapy effectively reversed acute rejection occurring in two monkeys after hu5C8 withdrawal. One of two animals with combined acute on chronic rejection responded to hu5C8 rescue therapy. Hu5C8 effectively reverses acute but not chronic allograft rejection and appears to have no synergistic effect with conventional rescue agents.
authors.affiliation: The NIDDK/Navy-Transplantation and Autoimmunity Branch, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Douglas K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Tadaki
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Elster
authors.forename: Linda C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Burkly
authors.forename: Justin D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Berning
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cruzata
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kampen
authors.forename: Sean P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: Noelle B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Harlan
authors.forename: Allan D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Kirk
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D001706:Biopsy; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000276:immunology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; C442103:hu5C8 antibody; D023201:CD40 Ligand