title: Oil effect in freshly spiked marine sediment on Vibrio fischeri, Corophium volutator, and Echinocardium cordatum.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to provide data to be used in The Netherlands for development of ecotoxicologically based quality criteria for oil-contaminated sediments and dredged material. In addition, the relation of toxicity to specific oil boiling-point fraction ranges was explored. Natural marine sediment, with a moisture, organic carbon, and silt content of approximately 80, 1.8, and 33% of the dry weight, respectively, was artificially spiked using a spiking method developed in this project. Aliquots of one part of the sediment were spiked to several concentrations of Gulf distillate marine grade A (DMA) gasoil (containing 64% C10-19) and aliquots of the other part to several concentrations of Gulf high viscosity grade 46 (HV46) hydraulic oil (containing 99.2% C19-40). Thus, for each individual oil type, a concentration series was created. Vibrio fischeri (endpoint: bioluminescence inhibition), Corophium volutator (endpoint:mortality), and Echinocardium cordatum (endpoint:mortality) were exposed to these spiked sediments for 10 min, 10 d and 14 d, respectively. Based on the test results, the effective concentration on 50% of the test animals was statistically estimated. For DMA gasoil and HV46 hydraulic oil, respectively, the effective concentrations were 43.7 and 2,682 mg/kg dry weight for V. fischeri, 100 and 9,138 mg/kg dry weight for C. volutator, 190, and 1064 mg/kg dry weight for E. cordatum. This study shows that the toxicity is strongly correlated with the lower boiling-point fractions and especially to those within the C10-C19 range.
authors.affiliation: TNO Environment, Energy and Process Innovation, Department for Ecological Risk Studies, Den Helder, The Netherlands. j.m.brils@mep.tno.nl
authors.forename: Jos M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brils
authors.forename: Sherri L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Huwer
authors.forename: Belinda J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kater
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Schout
authors.forename: Joop
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harmsen
authors.forename: Gerard A L
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Delvigne
authors.forename: Martin C Th
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Scholten
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003445:Crustacea / Q000187:drug effects*; D005742:Gasoline / Q000633:toxicity; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D008899:Mineral Oil / Q000633:toxicity; D010578:Petroleum / Q000633:toxicity*; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000187:drug effects*; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014733:Vibrio / Q000187:drug effects*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D005742:Gasoline; D010578:Petroleum; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D008899:Mineral Oil