title: Expression profiling confirms the role of endocytic receptor megalin in renal vitamin D3 metabolism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The endocytic receptor megalin constitutes the major pathway for clearance of low-molecular weight plasma proteins from the glomerular filtrate into the renal proximal tubules. Furthermore, the receptor has been implicated in a number of other functions in the kidney including uptake and activation of 25-(OH) vitamin D3, calcium and sodium reabsorption as well as signal transduction.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used genome-wide expression profiling by microarray technology to detect changes in the gene expression pattern in megalin knockout mouse kidneys and to uncover some of the renal pathways affected by megalin deficiency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alterations were identified in several (patho)physiologic processes in megalin-deficient kidneys including the renal vitamin D metabolism, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 signal transduction, lipid transport and heavy metal detoxification. Most importantly, changes were detected in the mRNA levels of 25-(OH) vitamin D-24-hydroxylase and 25-(OH) vitamin D-1alpha-hydroxylase as well as strong up-regulation of TGF-beta1 target genes. Both findings indicate plasma vitamin D deficiency and lack of vitamin D signaling in renal tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression profiling confirms a crucial role for megalin in renal vitamin D metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Max-Delbrueck-Center for Molecular Medicine and Medical Faculty of the Free University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hilpert
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wogensen
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thykjaer
authors.forename: Maren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wellner
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schlichting
authors.forename: Torben F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Orntoft
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nykjaer
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Willnow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000378:metabolism*; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000235:genetics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D026561:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D065668:Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase
chemical_list: D024061:Collagen Type III; D026561:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-2; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; D065668:Vitamin D3 24-Hydroxylase