Mechanism of lumen gain during coronary stent deployment in diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic patients.
BACKGROUND
Diabetic patients show an increased incidence of restenosis after coronary angioplasty than non-diabetic patients. This may be because of differences in the mechanism of lumen gain during coronary revascularization in this population cohort.


METHODS
This study analyses the mechanism of lumen gain during coronary stent deployment in diabetic patients compared with non-diabetic patients with intravascular ultrasound (IVUS).


METHODS
IVUS images were obtained prior to and after revascularization in 26 diabetic and 97 non-diabetic patients. The external elastic membrane cross-sectional area (EEM) and lumen cross-sectional area (LA) were measured. Plaque area (PA) was calculated as EEM minus LA. Differences between pre- and post-LA (deltaLA), EEM (deltaEEM) and PA (deltaPA) were calculated.


RESULTS
Pre-interventional PA (diabetic patients: 12.4 +/- 4.4 mm2 compared with non-diabetic patients: 10.7 +/- 3.6 mm2, = 0.04) and pre-interventional EEM (15.5 +/- 4.4 mm2 compared with 13.6 +/- 3.7 mm2 respectively, P = 0.02) were larger in the diabetic group. Postinterventional PA (10.2 +/- 3.2 mm2 compared with 8.0 +/- 3.4 mm2, P = 0.004) was also larger and postinterventional LA (6.3 +/- 2.2 mm2 compared with 7.4 +/- 2.4 mm2 = 0.04), deltaEEM (0.9 +/- 1.8 mm2 compared with 1.8 +/- 1.8 mm2 P = 0.04) and deltaLA (3.1 +/- 1.6 mm2 compared with 4.2 +/- 2.2 mm2, P = 0.03) were smaller in the diabetic group. The diabetic group exhibited longer lesion lengths (P = 0.04) and a higher inflation pressure was used during revascularization in this patient cohort (P = 0.02).


CONCLUSIONS
Diabetic patients have less reduction of PA during revascularization and because the vessel wall cannot be stretched outwards despite higher inflation pressure, postinterventional LA remains smaller than in the non-diabetic population cohort. This might be a rudiment for consideration of different treatment strategies such as cutting balloon or atherectomy prior to stenting in this population group in order to achieve better procedural outcome.
Syeda
Bonni
B
Department of Internal Medicine II, University of Vienna, Austria. bonni.syeda@akh-wien.ac.at
Wexberg
Paul
P
Gyongyosi
Mariann
M
Denk
Stefan
S
Beran
Gilbert
G
Sperker
Wolfgang
W
Yahya
Nabil
N
Glogar
Dietmar
D
D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015607:Stents; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional