title: Preoperative blood reverse transcriptase-PCR assays for prostate-specific antigen and human glandular kallikrein for prediction of prostate cancer progression after radical prostatectomy.
abstract: The association of the results reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) assays for prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with prostate cancer stage and progression remains controversial. We have previously shown that RT-PCR amplification of a native human glandular kallikrein fragment (hK2-L), but not a splice-variant hK2 transcript (hK2-U), performed preoperatively on peripheral blood before radical prostatectomy is an independent predictor of metastases to lymph nodes [K. M. Slawin, et al., Cancer Res., 60: 7142-7148, 2000]. We evaluated the ability of preoperative peripheral blood RT-PCR for PSA and hK2 to predict prostate cancer progression after surgery. The study group consisted of 224 consecutive patients who underwent radical prostatectomy for clinically localized disease (median follow-up: 52.9 months). Also evaluated were 14 healthy men and 8 patients with hormone-naïve, prostate cancer metastatic to bone. RT-PCR for PSA, hK2-L, and hK2-U were positive in 24, 25, and 26%, respectively, of prostatectomy patients; 88, 71, and 86%, respectively, of patients with metastases to bones; 7, 14, and 36%, respectively, of healthy men. Preoperative RT-PCR-hK2-L positivity was associated with higher final Gleason sum (P = 0.028), with an increased risk of metastases to lymph nodes (P = 0.019) and with overall and aggressive disease progression (P = 0.0231 and P = 0.028, respectively). Preoperative blood RT-PCR-PSA and RT-PCR-hK2-U were not associated with characteristics or outcomes of prostate cancer. Preoperative blood RT-PCR for PSA and hK2-U are neither therapy-guiding staging tools nor prognostic indicators in patients with clinically localized prostate cancer. In contrast, preoperative RT-PCR-hK2-L status is associated with established markers of aggressive prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Matsunaga-Conte Prostate Cancer Research Center, Scott Department of Urology, Baylor College of Medicine and The Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Shahrokh F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Shariat
authors.forename: Emanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gottenger
authors.forename: Cuong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Weitao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Kattan
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Andenoro
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wheeler
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Slawin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018450:Disease Progression; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D020840:Tissue Kallikreins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020840:Tissue Kallikreins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen