title: Hypersensitivity reactions after respiratory sensitization: effect of intranasal peptides containing T-cell epitopes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The intranasal administration of peptides containing T-cell epitopes has been shown to inhibit T-cell and antibody responses of mice injected with allergen, but responses to respiratory sensitization might be regulated differently.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to examine the effect of intranasal peptide on antigen-induced lung inflammatory responses and delayed hypersensitivity after sensitization by the respiratory mucosa or without sensitization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were treated with an intranasal tolerizing regimen of a peptide containing the major T-cell epitope of Der p 1. Delayed hypersensitivity and lung inflammation to challenge with Der p 1 was measured either without further treatment or after sensitization induced by means of the intranasal administration of Der p 1 with a mutated enterotoxin adjuvant. Lung inflammatory responses were examined by means of lavage and histologic section, and delayed hypersensitivity responses were measured on the basis of ear swelling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Delayed hypersensitivity reactions were induced in mice treated with intranasal peptide, and large reactions were found in mice given intranasal peptide and sensitized with intranasal Der p 1 and adjuvant. Mice pretreated with peptide and sensitized with Der p 1 had an increased lymphocytic infiltration after allergen-specific challenge, as measured by means of bronchoalveolar lavage and shown histologically. These hypersensitivity results are in contrast to previous data that show tolerance to injected antigen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the intranasal administration of a peptide containing a T-cell epitope markedly inhibits responses to sensitization produced by the injection of allergen, the peptide induces immune responses and increases hypersensitivity to respiratory sensitization.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Child Health Research, University of Western Australia, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Jarnicki
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Wayne R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D000939:Epitopes / Q000737:chemistry; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007114:Immunization; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides; D000939:Epitopes; D006023:Glycoproteins; D010455:Peptides