title: A comparison of the abilities of nine scoring algorithms in predicting mortality.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the abilities of nine Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS)- and (ICD-9)-based scoring algorithms in predicting mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  The scores collected on 76,871 incidents consist of four AIS-based algorithms (Injury Severity Score [ISS], New Injury Severity Score, Anatomic Profile Score [APS], and maximum AIS [maxAIS]), their four ICD to AIS mapped counterparts, and the ICD-9-based ISS (ICISS). A 10-fold cross-validation was performed and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to determine algorithm discrimination. Hosmer-Lemeshow statistics were computed to gauge goodness-of-fit, and model refinement measured variance of predicted probabilities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the ICISS has the best discrimination and model refinement, whereas the APS has the best Hosmer-Lemeshow performance. ICD-9 to AIS mapped scores have worse discrimination than their AIS-based counterparts, but still show moderate performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Differences in performance were relatively small. Complex scores such as the ICISS and the APS provide improvement in discrimination relative to the maxAIS and the ISS. Trauma registries should move to include the ICISS and the APS. The ISS and maxAIS perform moderately well and have bedside benefits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA. merediw@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: J Wayne
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Meredith
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Patrick D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Kilgo
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: MacKenzie
authors.forename: Turner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Osler
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McGwin
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cohn
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gennarelli
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mock
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rotondo
authors.forename: Loring
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rue
authors.forename: Howard R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Champion
mesh_terms: D015998:Abbreviated Injury Scale; D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D004194:Disease / Q000145:classification; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D011336:Probability; D012372:ROC Curve; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000145:classification* / Q000401:mortality