title: Increased endothelial monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 in preeclampsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that preeclampsia is associated with increased endothelial cell chemokine production of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 necessary for monocyte recruitment to the vascular endothelium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma was collected from women with severe preeclampsia and normal pregnant women at term and measured for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-8, and lipid peroxide levels by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and malondialdehyde assays. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells were cultured with 5% plasma from normal or preeclamptic patients and the media assayed for monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 production.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In women with severe preeclampsia, plasma levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interleukin-8, and lipid peroxides were elevated (1.5-fold, 2.5-fold, and 4.5-fold higher, respectively) compared with normal pregnant women. Human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured with plasma from preeclamptic women significantly increased the production of both monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (2.3-fold) and interleukin-8 (1.5-fold) compared with plasma from normal pregnant women. Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 production was decreased by the antioxidant vitamin E in human umbilical vein endothelial cells treated with preeclamptic plasma, suggesting that the production of these cytokines may be regulated by signaling mechanisms sensitive to oxidative stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings support the hypothesis that circulating factors in the plasma of women with preeclampsia activate endothelial cell monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and interleukin-8 production, and although not directly examined in this study, may increase monocyte adherence to the vascular endothelium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23298, USA. skauma@hsc.vcu.edu
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kauma
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Takacs
authors.forename: Constantine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Scordalakes
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Kermic
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D014810:Vitamin E