title: Potent, persistent cellular immune responses elicited by sequential immunization of rhesus macaques with Ad5 host range mutant recombinants encoding SIV Rev and SIV Nef.
abstract: Vaccines incorporating multiple HIV components should elicit broad immunity and protection against a spectrum of HIV strains. Early regulatory and accessory gene products are attractive candidates for such vaccines. Here, immunogenicity studies on SIV Rev and Nef expressed in replication competent Adenovirus type 5 host range mutant vectors (Ad5hr) are summarized. Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-secreting cells in response to Env and Rev peptides were enumerated by ELISPOT after two sequential immunizations of 55 macaques with Ad5hr-SIVenv/rev. Responses to SIV Nef were assessed in 16 macaques also immunized with Ad5hr-SIVnef. Potent cellular immunity to both Rev and Nef was induced following the second Ad-recombinant immunization and persisted for at least 30 weeks. Persistent cellular immunity to SIV Env was also seen, with a mean of 700 IFN-gamma-secreting cells per million PBMC. Rev and Env responses were positively correlated. While greater responses to early gene products occur in natural infection, as immunogens Rev and Nef elicited the same number of IFN-gamma secreting cells as Env, after adjusting for differences in protein size. The same percentage of macaques also responded to Rev, Nef, and Env: 59, 63, and 64%, respectively. Overall, Ad5hrSIVenv/rev and -SIVnef were highly effective immunogens. Their contribution to protective efficacy will be addressed in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-5055, USA.
authors.forename: L Jean
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Malkevitch
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robert-Guroff
mesh_terms: D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015693:Gene Products, nef / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015694:Gene Products, rev / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D009154:Mutation; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015693:Gene Products, nef; D015694:Gene Products, rev; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C069623:gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus