title: Neuroimmune interactions in guinea pig stomach and small intestine.
abstract: Enteric neuroimmune interactions in gastrointestinal hypersensitivity responses involve antigen detection by mast cells, mast cell degranulation, release of chemical mediators, and modulatory actions of the mediators on the enteric nervous system (ENS). Electrophysiological methods were used to investigate electrical and synaptic behavior of neurons in the stomach and small intestine during exposure to beta-lactoglobulin in guinea pigs sensitized to cow's milk. Application of beta-lactoglobulin to sensitized preparations depolarized the membrane potential and increased neuronal excitability in small intestinal neurons but not in gastric neurons. Effects on membrane potential and excitability in the small intestine were suppressed by the mast cell stabilizing drug ketotifen, the histamine H(2) receptor antagonist cimetidine, the cyclooxygenase inhibitor piroxicam, and the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor caffeic acid. Unlike small intestinal ganglion cells, gastric myenteric neurons did not respond to histamine applied exogenously. Antigenic exposure suppressed noradrenergic inhibitory neurotransmission in the small intestinal submucosal plexus. The histamine H(3) receptor antagonist thioperamide and piroxicam, but not caffeic acid, prevented the allergic suppression of noradrenergic inhibitory neurotransmission. Antigenic stimulation of neuronal excitability and suppression of synaptic transmission occurred only in milk-sensitized animals. Results suggest that signaling between mast cells and the ENS underlies intestinal, but not gastric, anaphylactic responses associated with food allergies. Histamine, prostaglandins, and leukotrienes are paracrine signals in the communication pathway from mast cells to the small intestinal ENS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Ohio State University, College of Medicine and Public Health, Columbus 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Sumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hong-Zhen
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Chuanyun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Guodu
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Owen C
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Peck
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Jackie D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006633:Histamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology* / Q000294:innervation; D007782:Lactoglobulins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D017997:Leukotriene C4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008892:Milk / Q000276:immunology; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D013270:Stomach / Q000276:immunology* / Q000294:innervation; D013368:Submucous Plexus / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D006633:Histamine Antagonists; D007782:Lactoglobulins; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; C064259:beta-lactoglobin W; D017997:Leukotriene C4; D006632:Histamine; D010047:Ovalbumin; D015232:Dinoprostone