Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies--a novel serologic marker for Behçet's disease.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the prevalence and clinical correlations of antibodies against Saccharomyces cerevisiae (ASCA) among patients with BD.


METHODS
Twenty-seven BD patients were studied. Data from medical files and from patients' interviews was collected, regarding the entire spectrum of disease manifestations, and a severity score was calculated for each patient. IgA- and IgG-ASCA levels, determined by ELISA, were studied in all BD patients and in three control groups: patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and healthy volunteers.


RESULTS
Thirteen BD patients (48.1%) were ASCA-positive, compared to one patient in each control group (10%, p = 0.01). The mean value of IgG-ASCA in the BD patients was 20.7 +/- 12.3 units, significantly higher than in patients with RAS (10.0 +/- 5.5, p < 0.001), SLE (11.8 +/- 9.3, p < 0.03) or healthy volunteers (10.8 +/- 9.8, p < 0.02). Mean IgA-ASCA level was 16.8 +/- 8.8 units in the BD patients, significantly higher compared to healthy volunteers (11.0 +/- 5.0, p = 0.02) but similar to patients with RAS (17.0 +/- 5.3). No correlation was found between ASCA and any BD-associated clinical manifestation nor the presence of HLA-B5. No difference was found in the rate of major oral ulcers nor in the systemic disease severity score between positive- and negative-ASCA patients (27.3% vs. 30.8%, and 7.31 +/- 1.80 vs. 7.28 +/- 2.27 respectively, NS).


CONCLUSIONS
The results of our study associate, for the first time, the presence of a distinct antibody, i.e. ASCA, with BD. ASCA were not linked to a specific clinical manifestation of the disease and probably do not pose an increased risk for a more severe disease course.
Krause
I
I
Department of Medicine E, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tiqva, Israel. ikrause@post.tau.ac.il
Monselise
Y
Y
Milo
G
G
Weinberger
A
A
D000328:Adult; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal / Q000097:blood*; D001528:Behcet Syndrome / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000276:immunology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D015415:Biomarkers