title: Time of flight flow meters as a reliable and cost effective monitoring alternative in sewer systems.
abstract: The replacement and operation of sewage systems are now among the most cost intensive areas of local authority wastewater disposal activities. Measurements are especially important for a precise analysis of the condition of a system. This paper reports on experience with the operation of transit-time ultrasonic flow meters. Ultrasonic flow metering has proved to be a precise, cost-effective method of carrying out measurements in large-diameter sewers.
authors.affiliation: IBH, Messen Steuern Automatisieren in der Siedlungshydrologie, Leichlingen, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Harmuth
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Erbe
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014872:Water Movements