title: Suckling-induced activation of neural c-fos expression at lower thoracic rat spinal cord segments.
abstract: Suckling stimulation is essential for neuroendocrine and sympathetic reflex activation during lactation. In the present study, the induction of c-fos gene expression was used to identify neuronal populations in the spinal cord activated by acute 5 min suckling or by electrical stimulation of the central stump of the first abdominal mammary nerve in lactating rats previously separated from their litters for 6 or 18 h. In addition, to investigate whether spinal sympathetic preganglionic neurons are activated by suckling, dual immunostaining (Fos and choline acetyltransferase) was performed. Fos was expressed at low levels in continuously suckled and 6 h nonsuckled mothers, but no expression was found after 18 h of nonsuckling. On the other hand, in 6 h nonsuckled rats, significant increments in Fos expression occurred in several regions after acute suckling and after electrical stimulation. Also, the pattern of Fos expression in each spinal laminae was different for the two stimuli, i.e. more intense effects of suckling in deep laminae V-X and more intense effects in laminae I-IV with electrical stimulation. Double-labeling after suckling was found only in sympathetic preganglionic neurons from the intermedio-medial cell column, whereas after electrical stimulation, double label was observed only in neurons from the intermedio-lateral cell column. On the other hand, no effect upon Fos protein expression was observed after suckling and only a minor effect after electrical stimulation of mammary nerve in 18 h nonsuckled rats. These results are consistent with previous findings on the sympathetic reflex regulation of the mammary gland, as well as on the importance of the nonsuckling interval for optimal functioning of lactation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Neurobiology, National University of Mexico, Campus UNAM, Juriquilla, Queretaro 76001, Mexico.
authors.forename: Nephtali
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marina
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: Néstor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: Flavio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mena
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling; D001339:Autonomic Fibers, Preganglionic / Q000378:metabolism*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000294:innervation*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos