title: Implantation and placental development in somatic cell clone recipient cows.
abstract: Successful somatic cloned animal production has been reported in various domesticated species, including cattle; however, it is associated with a high rate of pregnancy failure. The low cloning yield could possibly arise from either an abnormal and/or poorly developed placenta. In comparison to control cows, fewer placentomes were found in somatic cell nuclear recipient (NT) cows at day 60 of gestation, suggesting a retardation of fetal/placental growth in these animals. NT cows not only had fewer numbers of chorionic villi but also had poorly developed caruncles. Macroscopic examination revealed atypical development of the placentome in terms of shape and size. Histological disruption of chorionic villi and caruncular septum was found in NT cows. Of particular interest was that the expression of genes, as well as proteins in the placentome, was disparate between NT and artificially inseminated cows, especially placental lactogen (PL) and pregnancy-associated glycoprotein (PAG). In contrast, prolactin-related protein-1 (PRP-1) signals were comparable across cows, including NT cows carrying immotile fetuses. The expression of extracellular matrix degrading molecule, heparanase (HPA), in NT cows was divergent from that of control cows. Microarray data suggest that gene expression was disorientated in early stages of implantation in NT cows, but this was eliminated with progression of gestation. These findings strongly support a delay in trophoblast development during early stages of placentation in NT cows, and suggest that placental specific proteins, including PLs, PAGs, and HPA, are key indicators for the aberration of gestation and placental function in cows.
authors.affiliation: Department of Developmental Biology, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, Ibaraki, Japan. kazuha@affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashizume
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishiwata
authors.forename: Keiichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kizaki
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Osman V
authors.initials: OV
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akagi
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Seiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katsuma
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shiojima
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirasawa
authors.forename: Gozo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Todoroki
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izaike
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000379:methods*; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005865:Gestational Age; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics; D010920:Placenta / Q000502:physiology*; D010928:Placental Lactogen / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D055232:Proline-Rich Protein Domains; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010928:Placental Lactogen