title: Functional MRI and 18F FDG-positron emission tomography for presurgical planning: comparison with electrical cortical stimulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with mass lesions near "eloquent" cortical areas different preoperative mapping techniques can be used. Two of the most widely used approaches include positron emission tomography (PET) and functional MRI (fMRI). We employed both methods in the same patients undergoing presurgical evaluation and compared the results to those obtained by direct electrical cortical stimulation (DECS).
  
  
  METHODS
  22 patients with tumours of different aetiology near the central region were investigated. FMRI was performed using a T2(*)-weighted gradient-echo BOLD sequence at 1.5 T, PET was performed after injection of 122-301 MBq (18)F-Fluorodeoxyglucose (18-FDG) under rest and activation conditions. DECS was performed in all patients with recordings of muscles primarily involved in the investigated tasks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 19 patients all three modalities could be compared, 1 patient demonstrated discordance between fMRI and PET with DECS speaking in favour of fMRI, 6 patients had neighbouring results of PET and fMRI (between 1-2 cm distance), 12 patients had overlapping results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high incidence of neighbouring results is presumably related to fMRI specific artefacts. Advantages of fMRI are: Higher spatial and temporal resolution, more and different functional runs, shorter examination time, wider availability, longitudinal examinations, non-invasiveness and cost-effectiveness, easy registration to anatomical images. Advantages of PET are: higher signal-to-noise ratio, lesser susceptibility to artefacts (motion, draining veins), evaluation of tumour metabolism. It is our opinion that the neurosurgeon has to decide on a case-by-case basis which study suits his specific needs in the presurgical evaluation of his patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, and the Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, Central Nervous System, University Hospital of the Technical University, Aachen, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krings
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schreckenberger
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rohde
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Spetzger
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sabri
authors.forename: M H T
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Reinges
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Hans
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Möller-Hartmann
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gilsbach
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Buell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thron
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016477:Artifacts; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D010100:Oxygen