title: Neuropsychological sequelae of subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in Parkinson's disease: a critical review.
abstract: Neuropsychologists are increasingly involved in surgical candidacy evaluations and postoperative neurobehavioral assessments of patients with movement disorders, most notably those with Parkinson's disease (PD). We review here the initial studies regarding neuropsychological outcomes of deep brain stimulation (DBS) within the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for treatment of PD. Overall, these initial investigations provide preliminary support for the cognitive and neurobehavioral safety of STN DBS. Improvements in self-reported symptoms of depression and diminished verbal fluency were the most common findings, whereas changes in global cognitive abilities, memory, attention, and frontal/executive functions were inconsistent and most often described as nominal and/or transient. The generalizability of this literature is hindered by several methodological limitations, including small samples and the absence of appropriate control participants. The clinical and theoretical implications of these initial studies are highlighted and recommendations are offered to guide future research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle 98195-6560, USA.
authors.forename: Steven Paul
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fields
authors.forename: Alexander I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Tröster
mesh_terms: D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D000075202:Contraindications; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery*; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome