title: Sphincterotomy in the treatment of biliary leakage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endoscopic procedures such as sphincterotomy and endobiliary stenting have proved useful to solve postoperative bile leakage. We have assessed the outcome of a series of such patients initially treated with endoscopic sphincterotomy, having reserved stent placement for treatment failures only.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five consecutive patients referred for endoscopic assessment of postoperative bile leaks and fistulas after cholecystectomy (n = 15), orthotopic liver transplantation (n = 9) and hepatic resection due to cystic hydatid disease (n = 1) underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and sphincterotomy using a standard papillotome. Sphincterotomy was followed by stone extraction using a Dormia basket if common bile duct lithiasis were present.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bile leaks healed early after endoscopic sphincterotomy in 22 out of 25 patients (88%). Common bile duct stones were also retrieved in 6 of these patients. Bile duct stenosis due to surrounding pancreatic inflammation was demonstrated in two of the patients in which sphincterotomy failed to stop bile leakage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic sphincterotomy alone should at present be considered a highly effective treatment to resolve postsurgical bile leaks unless bile strictures are present.
authors.affiliation: Endoscopy Unit, Gastroenterology Department, Institut de Malalties Digestives, Hospital Clínic, IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. jllach@clinic.ub.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Llach
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bordas
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Elizalde
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Enrico
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ginès
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pellisé
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mondelo
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Piqué
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000293:injuries*; D001658:Biliary Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic; D016896:Treatment Outcome