title: Depressive symptoms and self-rated health in community-dwelling older adults: a longitudinal study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test whether baseline depressive symptoms in older adults increase the risk of subsequent decline in self-rated health and decrease the likelihood of subsequent improvement in self-rated health.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-year prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six thousand seven hundred fourteen community-dwelling older persons who completed the first and second wave of the Asset and Health Dynamics among the Oldest-Old Survey in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community-dwelling older people in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline depressive symptoms were measured using a short-form of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. Self-rated health was measured using a single item of global health rating.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for covariates, a high burden of depressive symptoms at baseline was predictive of greater decline in self-rated health (odds ratio (OR) for decline in those with high burden of depressive symptoms vs those without = 1.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.26-1.70). Likewise, high burden of depressive symptoms at baseline predicted less improvement in self-rated health (OR for improvement in those with high burden of depressive symptoms vs those without = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.50-0.65).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depressive symptomatology is an independent risk factor for subsequent changes in self-rated health in older adults. Thus, early prevention and intervention of depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults might be critical to promote and maintain their self-rated health.
authors.affiliation: Bureau of Primary Health Care, Health Resources and Services Administration, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA. bhan@hrsa.gov
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012647:Self-Assessment