title: The role of Aktand RAFTK in beta1 integrin mediated survival of precursor B-acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
abstract: In this study, we report that the related adhesion focal tyrosine kinase RAFTK, is an upstream kinase in beta1 integrin mediated activation of Akt. Stimulation through beta1 integrins by fibronectin reversed apoptosis induced by adriamycin. Inhibitors of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3 kinase)/Akt (LY 294002), tyrosine kinases (Herbimycin-A) and the cytotoxic agent adriamycin induced apoptosis of REH cells. beta1 integrin ligation induced activation of Akt, and tyrosine phosphorylation of RAFTK and FAK, but not SYK in REH cells. This suggested that RAFTK and FAK activation might be linked to Akt activation. Evidence that RAFTK is a modulator of Akt came from phorbol myristic acetate (PMA) stimulation. RAFTK and Akt were activated but FAK was not. Using fibroblasts from FAK -/- mice, which express high levels of RAFTK, fibronectin plating enhanced Akt activation. Pretreatment of REH cells with a P13 kinase/Akt inhibitor LY 294002 did not inhibit RAFTK tyrosine phosphorylation showing that RAFTK is upstream of P13k/Akt. Further evidence for a link between RAFTK tyrosine phosphorylation and Akt activation was the observation that the p85 subunit of P13 kinase associated with RAFTK following integrin ligation in REH cells. These results suggest that RAFTK plays an anti-apoptotic role through the activation of Akt.
authors.affiliation: Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115 USA.
authors.forename: Sibaji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svoboda
authors.forename: Rosalie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Beaumont
authors.forename: Arnold S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Freedman
mesh_terms: D016227:Benzoquinones; D002470:Cell Survival; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2; D006801:Humans; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000502:physiology*; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015452:Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000473:pathology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011809:Quinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D017828:Rifabutin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D016227:Benzoquinones; D004317:Doxorubicin; D005353:Fibronectins; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2; D019012:Integrin beta1; D047029:Lactams, Macrocyclic; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011809:Quinones; D017828:Rifabutin; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; C020754:herbimycin; C494918:AKT1 protein, human