Redox signaling in vascular angiogenesis.
Angiogenesis is thought to be regulated by several growth factors (EGF, TGF-alpha, beta-FGF, VEGF). Induction of these angiogenic factors is triggered by various stresses. For instance, tissue hypoxia exerts its pro-angiogenic action through various angiogenic factors, the most notable being vascular endothelial growth factor, which has been mainly associated with initiating the process of angiogenesis through the recruitment and proliferation of endothelial cells. Recently, reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been found to stimulate angiogenic response in the ischemic reperfused hearts. Short exposure to hypoxia/reoxygenation, either directly or indirectly, produces ROS that induce oxidative stress which is associated with angiogenesis or neovascularization. ROS can cause tissue injury in one hand and promote tissue repair in another hand by promoting angiogenesis. It thus appears that after causing injury to the cells, ROS promptly initiate the tissue repair process by triggering angiogenic response.
Maulik
Nilanjana
N
Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030-1110, USA. nmaulik@neuron.uchc.edu
Das
Dipak K
DK
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000503:physiopathology; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D006133:Growth Substances; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008222:Lymphokines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide