title: Implementation and evaluation of a national external quality control program for cervical cytology in Mexico.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate cytology laboratories and the performance of cytotechnologists for establishing efficient external quality control for Mexico's National Program for the Prevention and Control of Cervical Cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  During January and February 1998, an onsite evaluation of all cytology laboratories of the Ministry of Health found that only 70% of the microscopes were in adequate working conditions, reagents were out of date, and working conditions were sub-optimal. A program for external quality control based on proficiency testing was established for cytotechnologists. Fifty slide sets with 20 Papanicolaou slides and 10 photographic slides were prepared. The sets were given to the cytotechnologists for evaluation and again one year later by courier.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one percent of microscopes were repaired and 9% replaced; reagents were distributed and laboratory facilities improved. Only 16% of cytotechnologists passed the initial proficiency test. Cytotechnologists received a refresher training course: one year later 67% of them passed the proficiency test. To ascertain that each slide was correctly diagnosed, 41 sets were rescreened by expert cytopathologists or cytologists and their diagnoses compared to the original ones. Thirty-seven sets had 86% to 96% concordance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new system for external quality control of cervical cytology allowed the opportune and reliable evaluation of the performance of cytotechnologists.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Diagnóstico y Referencia Epidemiológicos, Secretaría de Salud (SSA), México, D.F., México. flisser@servidor.unam.mx
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flisser
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: García-Malo
authors.forename: María de los Angeles
authors.initials: Mde L
authors.lastname: Canepa
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doncel
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Espinoza
authors.forename: Ramiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Isidro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Avila
authors.forename: Gregorio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pérez-Palacios
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tapia-Conyer
authors.forename: Juan Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: de la Fuente
mesh_terms: D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000600:supply & distribution; D007753:Laboratories / Q000592:standards; D013677:Medical Laboratory Science / Q000193:education / Q000592:standards; D008800:Mexico; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards; D015588:Observer Variation; D065006:Papanicolaou Test; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D002577:Uterine Cervical Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents