title: Auditory evoked response during propofol anaesthesia after pre-induction with midazolam.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In clinical use, midazolam reduces the dose requirement for propofol. We studied the effect of midazolam given before anaesthesia on the amount of propofol needed and the time taken, to achieve loss of consciousness (LOC) in 20 patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the auditory evoked responses (AER) in these patients with those in a group of 20 patients who were not given midazolam.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LOC, as defined by a loss of response to verbal command and eyelash reflex, occurred after 113 (95% CI, 99-131) s in the control group and 75 (56-101) s in the midazolam group (P < 0.05). In the control group 2.3 (2.0-2.6) mg kg-1 propofol caused LOC compared with 1.3 (1.1-1.5) mg kg-1 in the group pretreated with midazolam (P < 0.001). Pa amplitude decreased by 60% in the control group and by 54% in the midazolam group while Nb latency increased by 24% in the control group and by 32% in the midazolam group following LOC. These differences were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We confirmed that coinduction of anaesthesia with midazolam and propofol reduces the requirement of propofol. We also demonstrated that the AER reflects anaesthetic depth rather than plasma concentrations of anaesthetic drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthetics and Intensive Care, Division of Surgery, Anaesthetics and Intensive Care, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, Northwick Park Hospital, Watford Road, Harrow, Middlesex HA1 3UJ, UK.
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Nel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.forename: D E F
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Newton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008874:Midazolam; D008875:Middle Aged; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D015742:Propofol
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D008874:Midazolam; D015742:Propofol