title: Premenstrual exacerbations of mood disorders.
abstract: Premenstrual exacerbation of mood disorders has received little attention, despite the recent interest in premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Differentiating between PMDD/PMS and other disorders, which worsen premenstrually, is a poorly understood diagnostic challenge. Controversy also focuses on a possible coexistence of PMDD and other mood disorders. This review discusses the differences between mood-disorder exacerbations and premenstrual disorders, evidence for premenstrual magnification of mood disorders, and possible mechanisms for these variations as well as clinical implications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, East Tennessee State University, Quillen College of Medicine, Box 70567, Johnson City, TN 37614, USA. millerm@etsu.edu
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*