title: Quantification of HCV RNA levels and detection of core antigen in donations before seroconversion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Detection of HCV during the window phase of infection before seroconversion is important in blood screening. HCV RNA levels were measured before seroconversion and compared with HCV core antigen and anti-HCV detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 41 plasma samples from 17 US plasmapheresis donors and one English National Blood Service donor in the window phase before seroconversion of HCV infection were tested for the presence of anti-HCV, HCV RNA, and HCV core antigen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HCV RNA levels between 5.4 x 10(2) and 3.4 x 10(7) IU per mL were measured. HCV core antigen was detected in 11 of 18 donors at the same time point as RNA was detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A wide range of HCV RNA levels can be detected during the seronegative window phase of HCV infection. HCV core antigen can be used to detect HCV infection during the window phase of infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, United Kingdom. paul.grant@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sims
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tedder
mesh_terms: D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D001782:Blood Donors; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D018936:Hepatitis C Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014758:Viral Core Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D018936:Hepatitis C Antigens; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014758:Viral Core Proteins