title: In vitro evaluation of an intraluminal solution to attenuate effects of ischemia and reperfusion in the small intestine of horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of intraluminal administration of a customized solution during low-flow ischemia and reperfusion in the jejunum of horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Segments of jejunum obtained from 13 healthy adult horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  In isolated segments of jejunum maintained in an extracorporeal circuit, arterial flow was reduced to 20% of baseline for 40 minutes (ischemia) followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. In 2 groups, a customized solution (concentrations, 12.5 and 25%, respectively) was placed in the lumen prior to low-flow ischemia and maintained during reperfusion. The control group received intraluminal lactated Ringer's solution for the same duration. Various metabolic, hemodynamic, histologic, and permeability variables were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 12.5% solution resulted in less histomorphologic injury and reduced mucosal permeability to albumin, compared with the 25% solution and the lactated Ringer's solution. Morphologic injury and permeability were reduced in tissues that received the 25% solution, compared with the control group, but this difference was not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of a 12.5% customized solution appeared to minimize injury in the isolated extracoporeal jejunal loop, which provides some indication that it might be useful in clinical situations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Linda M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Van Hoogmoed
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Nieto
authors.forename: Jack R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Faye A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Harmon
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D006736:Horses; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000502:physiology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D012996:Solutions