title: Gene transfer to coronary artery bypass conduits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gene therapy is a rational approach to prevention of stenosis in saphenous vein grafts used as conduits for coronary artery bypass grafting. To explore this possibility we developed methods for adenoviral-mediated gene transfer to canine saphenous veins.
  
  
  METHODS
  During a single procedure, autogenous canine saphenous vein segments were transduced ex vivo and used as coronary artery bypass grafts. The proximal end of each vein was ligated, adenovirus containing the Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase gene (Ad.CMVLacZ) was delivered at titers of 2.5 x 10(9) or 5 x 10(9) plaque-forming units (pfu)/mL to the lumen through a distal heparin lock, and the segment was immersed in the viral solution for 1 hour at 37 degrees C. Control segments were exposed to diluent alone in an identical manner. Aortocoronary anastomoses were made using cardiopulmonary bypass. Transgene expression was assessed qualitatively and quantitatively after 3 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Beta-galactosidase levels showed a dose-dependent increase: 0.00 +/- 0.00 ng/mg total protein for controls; 5.60 +/- 2.27 ng/mg total protein for a viral titer of 2.5 x 10(9) pfu/mL and 11.97 +/- 6.14 ng/mg for 5 x 10(9) pfu/mL. The two dosage groups differed significantly from each other (p = 0.035) and from controls (p = 0.003). X-gal staining demonstrated mostly endothelial and scattered adventitial transgene expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transgene expression after ex vivo gene transfer into saphenous vein grafts in a canine coronary artery bypass model indicates that this method may be useful for delivery of therapeutic genes to prevent or retard vein graft arteriosclerosis.
authors.forename: Cynthia K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chiu-Pinheiro
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Zvonimir S
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Katusic
authors.forename: Luis F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Bonilla
authors.forename: Chad E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hamner
authors.forename: Hartzell V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Schaff
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004285:Dogs; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D008297:Male; D012501:Saphenous Vein; D019076:Transgenes; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001616:beta-Galactosidase