title: Induction of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes specific for bovine herpesvirus-1 by DNA immunization.
abstract: Cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs) are critical for the defense against herpesvirus infections, in which cell-to-cell spread occurs earlier than the hematogenous spread. The ability of bovine herpesvirus-1 (BHV-1) to undergo latency, to induce apoptosis of CD4(+) T-lymphocytes, and to down-regulate the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I molecules, necessitates the development of immunization strategies that do not involve the live virus. The objective of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of DNA immunization as a means of induction of CTLs against BHV-1. Mice were injected either by intramuscular (IM) or intradermal (ID) route with a Sindbis virus-based plasmid carrying the gene encoding the glycoprotein D (gD) of BHV-1. Splenocytes from the immunized mice were re-stimulated in vitro with gD-transduced syngeneic fibroblasts. The CTLs generated specifically lysed syngeneic targets, either transduced with gD or infected with BHV-1. IM route of inoculation induced a better CTL response when compared to ID route with respect to onset, magnitude and duration of immunity. These results indicate the feasibility of using a plasmid carrying the gene encoding BHV-1 gD as an immunogen to induce CTLs against BHV-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, University of Nebraska at Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
authors.forename: Muralidhar S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Deshpande
authors.forename: Thanuja C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Ambagala
authors.forename: Nagendra R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Hegde
authors.forename: Mangala J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hariharan
authors.forename: Manjula
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navaratnam
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srikumaran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007739:L Cells; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012845:Sindbis Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004279:DNA, Viral; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014764:Viral Proteins; C046998:bovine herpesvirus type-1 glycoproteins