title: Prenatal diagnosis of trisomy 21 by i(21q): a rare case of fetoplacental chromosomal discrepancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A study was conducted to explain the mechanism of an unusual discrepancy between short- and long-term culture examination methods of chorionic villus sampling (CVS).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a 29-year-old Caucasian woman, transabdominal CVS was carried out at 12 weeks of gestation. Non-mosaic karyotype 46,XX,i(21q) was found on long-term CVS culture but number and morphology of chromosomes were normal on short-term culture, amniocyte culture, hygroma colli fluid and fetal fibroblast.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chromosomal aberration probably appeared after the trophoblast cell line differentiation, four days after fertilization, by means of a 21 centromere misdivision and formation of a i(21q) with secondary positive selection of the 46,XX,i(21q) cell line and loss of the 46,XX in the fetus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The restricted number of cases with this type of discrepancy limits the possibility of drawing generalised conclusions. In case of discrepancy, we recommend confirmation by amniocentesis or by fetal blood combined with sonographic examination to provide a more definitive diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Service, University Medicaal Centre, Hospital Bretnneau, Tours, France.
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gilardi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Perrotin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paillet
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blesson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cave
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Briault
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moraine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015193:Chorionic Villi Sampling; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D018191:Lymphangioma, Cystic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011247:Pregnancy; D013997:Time Factors; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology