title: Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical features of surgically resected small cell carcinoma of the esophagus.
abstract: Esophageal small cell carcinoma (SmC) is considered an aggressive cancer carrying a poor prognosis, although the rarity of this tumor has impeded statistical evaluation. We reviewed records of 457 esophageal cancer patients treated in our department from 1986 to 2000, comparing clinicopathologic factors and post-treatment outcomes, for 9 patients with SmC, most undergoing esophagectomy including lymphadenectomy, with data from 128 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (SqC) invading to the muscular layer or beyond. Immunohistochemical features were compared between the SmC and 12 consecutive SqC. All patients studied had localized disease according to preoperative staging. SmC showed more ulcerative and infiltrative growth, and more aggressive lymphatic spread, than SqC. All SmC patients had lymph node metastasis (thoracic nodes, 9 patients: abdominal 6; cervical 1). All SmC specimens but no SqC were immunoreactive for neuron-specific enolase. Two and three SmC specimens were reactive for epithelial membrane antigen and keratin, respectively. Survival of SmC patients after esophagectomy (median, 11 months) was worse than for SqC patients (p=0.013). However, 1 SmC patient remains alive at 76 months. Survival was not related to any clinicopathologic or immunohistochemical features. While SmC shows aggressive behavior and worse outcomes than SqC, combining esophagectomy with chemotherapy or radiotherapy may prolong survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Medical School, Abenoku, Osaka 545-8586, Japan. m9940141@msic.med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Harushi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osugi
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Keiichirou
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morimura
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higashino
authors.forename: Nobuyasu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Sigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016629:Esophagectomy; D004947:Esophagus / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D015994:Incidence; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011379:Prognosis