title: Randomized controlled trial of the Alexander technique for idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the Alexander Technique, alongside normal treatment, is of benefit to people disabled by idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial with three groups, one receiving lessons in the Alexander Technique, another receiving massage and one with no additional intervention. Measures were taken pre- and post-intervention, and at follow-up, six months later.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Polyclinic at the University of Westminster, Central London.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-three people with clinically confirmed idiopathic Parkinson's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Alexander Technique group received 24 lessons in the Alexander Technique and the massage group received 24 sessions of massage.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main outcome measures were the Self-assessment Parkinson's Disease Disability Scale (SPDDS) at best and at worst times of day. Secondary measures included the Beck Depression Inventory and an Attitudes to Self Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Alexander Technique group improved compared with the no additional intervention group, pre-intervention to post-intervention, both on the SPDDS at best, p = 0.04 (confidence interval (CI) -6.4 to 0.0) and on the SPDDS at worst, p = 0.01 (CI -11.5 to -1.8). The comparative improvement was maintained at six-month follow-up: on the SPDDS at best, p = 0.04 (CI -7.7 to 0.0) and on the SPDDS at worst, p = 0.01 (CI -11.8 to -0.9). The Alexander Technique group was comparatively less depressed post-intervention, p = 0.03 (CI -3.8 to 0.0) on the Beck Depression Inventory, and at six-month follow-up had improved on the Attitudes to Self Scale, p = 0.04 (CI -13.9 to 0.0).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is evidence that lessons in the Alexander Technique are likely to lead to sustained benefit for people with Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: School of Integrated Medicine, University of Westminster, London, UK. stallic@wmin.ac.uk
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stallibrass
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sissons
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chalmers
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008405:Massage; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D018579:Patient Selection; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D012649:Self Concept; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires