title: Seventeen cases of alopecia areata: combination of SADBE topical immunotherapy with other therapies.
abstract: Topical immunotherapy is effective for severe alopecia areata. However, there are patients with alopecia areata refractory to topical immunotherapy alone. We tried SADBE (squaric acid dibutylester) topical immunotherapy combined with topical dry ice cryotherapy, carpronium chloride (a parasympathetic nerve stimulant) and/or oral cepharanthin (a biscoclaur alkaloid) in alopecia areata refractory to topical SADBE. Seventeen patients with alopecia areata (3 multiple, 3 ophiasis, 5 totalis and 6 universalis) were treated with SADBE in our department in 1999 to 2001. In 3 cases (2 multiple and 1 universalis) out of the 17 cases, cosmetically acceptable regrowth of hair was observed in several months with topical SADBE alone. In the other 14 cases, the SADBE therapy alone for several months (mean: 6.9 months) resulted in no or poor regrowth of hair. However, with subsequent combination therapy of topical SADBE for several months (mean: 7.6 months), satisfactory regrowth of hair was observed in 6 of the 14 cases. Our cases indicate that combination therapy of topical SADBE with other therapies can be a choice for alopecia areata which is refractory to topical SADBE therapy alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Motonobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Miyako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagamachi
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyachi
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000470:Alkaloids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000506:Alopecia Areata / Q000628:therapy*; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017679:Cryotherapy; D003503:Cyclobutanes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D052117:Benzodioxoles
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000470:Alkaloids; D044182:Benzylisoquinolines; D003503:Cyclobutanes; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; C020637:squaric acid dibutyl ester; C006947:cepharanthine; D052117:Benzodioxoles; C001817:carpronium