title: Type II single umbilical artery (persistent vitelline artery) in an otherwise normal fetus.
abstract: A single umbilical artery resulting from absence of the umbilical arteries and persistence of the vitelline artery that arises directly from the abdominal aorta has been described only in malformed fetuses with sirenomelia or caudal regression. Such an aberrant artery was suggested to be the etiology of sirenomelia caused by a 'steal' mechanism of blood flow from the caudal end of the embryo. We present a case in which prenatal ultrasound showed a similar aberrant single artery arising from the abdominal aorta in an otherwise normal fetus with a normal course of pregnancy. This vessel, a continuation of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA), corresponds to a persistent vitelline artery assuming the function of the umbilical arteries. The etiology of such a finding and its possible consequences are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
authors.forename: Ronni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gamzu
authors.forename: Yaron
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zalel
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Leticia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Screiber
authors.forename: Reuven
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Achiron
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011247:Pregnancy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014816:Vitelline Duct / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging