title: Verification jig for implant-supported prostheses: A comparison of standard impressions with verification jigs made of different materials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Implant verification jigs are routinely used during the fabrication of implant-supported prostheses. The dimensional accuracy of these jigs is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purposes of this study were to (1) compare the dimensional accuracy of verification jigs with that of conventional impression procedures and (2) measure the dimensional accuracy of 3 resin materials used to fabricate verification jigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty verification jigs and 20 impressions were made of 3 externally hexed Steri-Oss implants in a master stone base according to the following groups (n = 10 per group): (Group 1) Jig: GC pattern resin; (Group 2) Jig: Duralay resin; (Group 3) Jig: Triad gel resin; (Group 4) Impression: closed-tray impression copings; and (Group 5) Impression: open-tray impression copings. A stone base was fabricated for each experimental jig and impression. Master stone base and experimental stone bases were measured with the following methods: X and Y coordinates of each implant center were obtained with a traveling microscope by averaging the X and Y coordinates of the implant external hex corners. The origins of the coordinates during measurement of each base were arbitrary. Distances between implant center points were calculated by use of the Pythagorean theorem. Vertical measurements (Z-plane) were obtained with a digital caliper at the 2 terminal-implant locations. Interimplant distances and vertical measurements were subtracted from those of the master base, and the resultant distortion values were analyzed with analysis of variance and Tukey Studentized range tests. Statistical significance was set at P<.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Verification jigs were not significantly more accurate than standard impression procedures. Open-tray impressions showed a significantly greater vertical distortion (Z-R location: 262 +/- 158 microm; P=.0001; Z-L location 333 +/- 189; P=.0001) compared with the other groups. Triad gel jigs showed a significantly greater distortion in one interimplant distance (C-L) than closed-tray impressions (P=.04), whereas Duralay jigs exhibited significant greater distortion than closed-tray and open-tray impressions in the interimplant distance R-C (P=.006). Although not significantly different from other groups, the closed-tray group showed the lowest mean distortion values in all measurements.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study, the accuracy provided by verification jigs was not significantly superior to standard impression procedures. The results suggest that jig fabrication does not improve the dimensional accuracy of stone casts. Open-tray impressions showed a significantly greater inaccuracy in the vertical plane.
authors.affiliation: Division of Prosthodontics, University of Rochester, Eastman Dental Center, Rochester, NY 14620, USA.
authors.forename: Jorge E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: De La Cruz
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Funkenbusch
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ercoli
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: Gerald N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Graser
authors.forename: Ross H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Tallents
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D015921:Dental Implants; D003761:Dental Impression Technique; D003762:Dental Instruments; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D003765:Models, Dental; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D015921:Dental Implants; C082318:GC Pattern Resin; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; C060386:Triad resin; C034578:Duralay