title: [A population-based case-control study on the risk factors of urinary calculi].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk factors of urinary calculi in Shenzhen for proper interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based case-control study including 334 urinary calculi cases and 721 controls was carried out. A total number of 34 factors were analyzed using unconditional logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventeen factors were associated with urolithiasis based on the logistic regression analysis. Ten factors entered the last model of the logistic multivariate regression. The more protein consumption (OR = 2.14, 95% CI: 1.71 - 2.69), positive history of first relatives with urolithiasis (OR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.70 - 4.01), longer outdoor exposure (OR = 1.39, 95% CI: 1.16 - 1.66) and chronic inflammation of urinary system (OR = 4.09, 95% CI: 1.38 - 12.14) were risk factors of urinary calculi. Higher education background (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.29 - 0.73), drinking more water (OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.48 - 0.72), drinking more juice (OR = 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18 - 0.94), more milk and milk product consumption (OR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.68 - 0.99), vegetable (OR = 0.70, 95% CI: 0.55 - 0.91) and fruit consumption (OR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.64 - 0.94) were protective factors of urolithiasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary habits were the major influencing factors of urinary calculi. Positive history of family with urolithiasis and social-economic factors were also associated with the disease.
authors.affiliation: Shenzhen Sanitary and Anti-epidemic Station, Shenzhen 518020, China.
authors.forename: Shunxiang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Liangcheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Luyuan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Pusheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Xiangnan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000453:epidemiology*