title: Dissemination of Streptococcus pneumoniae clone Colombia(5)-19 in Latin America.
abstract: Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 5 is the third most common capsular type causing invasive diseases in children younger than 5 years in Latin America. Preliminary data on Colombian serotype 5 isolates indicated a common clonal origin associated with resistance to tetracycline (TET) and chloramphenicol (CHL). We studied 172 S. pneumoniae serotype 5 invasive isolates from Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, Mexico, and Uruguay and confirmed the presence of the Colombia(5)-19 clone throughout Latin America. Fifteen subtypes of a pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern and 4 electrophoretic types (ET) were obtained. Most of the isolates from different geographical regions belonged to pattern A (34.3%), subtype A5 (41.9%), and ET1 (91.1%). The A pattern (n = 59) was resistant to TET and had variable resistance to CHL; it was present in Brazil (10.2%), Colombia (78%), Guatemala (8.5%), and Mexico (3.4%). Subtype A5 with variable susceptibility to TET and sensitive to CHL was found in Argentina (29.2%), Mexico (8.3%), and Uruguay (62.5%). Subtypes A1-A4, A7-A8, and A9-A11 (closely related to A) also shared ET1, while subtype A6 was assigned to ET1, ET2, and ET3. Eleven subtypes (n = 21) were found to be specific for one country each. In summary, the S. pneumoniae serotype 5 isolates from Latin American are genetically closely related but show different patterns of antibiotic resistance, probably as a result of horizontal transfer.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Microbiologia, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, Colombia.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gamboa
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Camou
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hortal
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castañeda
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007843:Latin America / Q000453:epidemiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010641:Phenotype; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D013753:Tetracycline Resistance
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004798:Enzymes; D002701:Chloramphenicol