title: Repellent activity of constituents identified in Foeniculum vulgare fruit against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae).
abstract: The repellent activity of materials derived from the methanol extract of fruits from Foeniculum vulgareagainst hungry Aedes aegypti females was examined using skin and patch tests and compared with that of the commercial N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (deet) and (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid. The biologically active constituents of the Foeniculum fruits were characterized as (+)-fenchone and (E)-9-octadecenoic acid by spectroscopic analyses. Responses varied according to compound, dose, and exposure time. In a skin test with female mosquitoes, at a dose of 0.4 mg/cm(2), (+)-fenchone and (Z)-9-octadecenoic acid exhibited moderate repellent activity at 30 min after treatment, whereas deet provided >1 h of protection against adult mosquitoes at 0.2 mg/cm(2). (Z)-9-Octadecenoic acid was a more potent repellent agent than (E)-9-octadecenoic acid. (+)-Fenchone and (E)-9-octadecenoic acid merit further study as potential mosquito repellent agents or as lead compounds.
authors.affiliation: School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Suwon 441-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Do-Hyoung
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soon-Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyu-Sik
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Young-Joon
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Ahn
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes; D000818:Animals; D001892:Camphanes; D003671:DEET; D005260:Female; D030001:Foeniculum / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D007302:Insect Repellents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*; D009636:Norbornanes / Q000032:analysis; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D012867:Skin
chemical_list: D001892:Camphanes; D007302:Insect Repellents; D009636:Norbornanes; D010936:Plant Extracts; C027327:fenchone; D003671:DEET; D019301:Oleic Acid