title: Inhibition of cytokine-induced JAK-STAT signalling pathways by an endonuclease inhibitor aurintricarboxylic acid.
abstract: 1. Inducible nitric oxide (iNOS) is thought to involve in host defence and tissue damage in inflammatory loci. In previous study, we have found that the endonuclease inhibitor aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) can protect macrophages from cell death induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide. This action is through the interruption with signalling pathways for NF-kappa B and AP-1 activation, and thus iNOS expression. In this study we have addressed the effects of ATA on JAK-STAT signalling pathways. 2. In murine RAW 264.7 macrophages, IFN-gamma-mediated NO production and iNOS expression were concentration-dependently reduced by the presence of 3-100 micro M ATA. 3. IFN-gamma-induced STAT1 activation, as assessed from its tyrosine phosphorylation, nuclear translocation, binding to specific DNA response element and evoked IRF-1 reporter gene assay, were concomitantly inhibited by ATA. However, ATA did not alter IFN-gamma binding to RAW 264.7 cells. 4. The activities of JAK1 and JAK2, the upstream kinases essential for STAT1 signalling in response to IFN-gamma, were also reduced by ATA. 5. Moreover, IL-4, IL-10, GM-CSF and M-CSF elicited tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT3, STAT5 and/or STAT6 in macrophages were diminished by the presence of ATA. 6. Taken together, we conclude that ATA can interfere JAK-STAT signalling pathways in response to cytokines. This action contributes to the inhibition of IFN-gamma-induced iNOS expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ching-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Ying-Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ming-Jen
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Wan-Wan
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001312:Aurintricarboxylic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004720:Endonucleases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008894:Milk Proteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; C494101:STAT6 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014443:Tyrosine; D001312:Aurintricarboxylic Acid; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507904:JAK1 protein, human; D053613:Janus Kinase 1; D004720:Endonucleases