title: Biochemical deficiency of pyridoxine does not affect interleukin-2 production of lymphocytes from patients with Sjögren's syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is evidence that pyridoxine deficiency may alter the immune response. It is not known whether a deficiency of this vitamin is evident in subjects with primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We studied whether subjects with primary SS showed a biochemical deficiency of pyridoxine, and if it is associated with abnormal production of interleukin-2 from lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with phytohemagglutinin (PHA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two studies were conducted, (i) biochemical and nutritional assessments were performed in a cross-over study in subjects with primary SS, who were supplemented with 25 mg/day of pyridoxine or placebo for 3 months. After 1 month washout, they were supplemented for 3 months with placebo, (ii) patients with SS and matched controls received pyridoxine or placebo for 45 days, and a blood sample was obtained to study IL-2 production and expression in T-lymphocytes stimulated with PHA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with primary SS showed limited dietary intake of pyridoxine and biochemical deficiency of this vitamin assessed through the activation coefficient of the erythrocyte aspartate aminotransferase. The biochemical deficiency did not affect production nor mRNA expression of IL-2 from T-lymphocytes stimulated in vitro with PHA compared with the control group. Supplementation of subjects with primary SS with 25 mg/day with pyridoxine for 45 days did not produce any significant change as compared to those patients supplemented with placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Subjects with primary SS showed biochemical deficiency of pyridoxine, possibly due to limited intake of this vitamin which was corrected by supplementation with pyridoxine. However, IL-2 production and mRNA expression from stimulated lymphocytes were unaffected by supplementation, probably because the deficiency was not severe enough to affect the immune system.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  This work was supported by the National Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT), Mexico, grant no. 212226-5-0902PM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology of Nutrition, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutricion, México, México. artovar@quetzal.innsz.mx
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tovar
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bourges
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ortíz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kraus
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Torres
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011736:Pyridoxine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000172:deficiency*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D026681:Vitamin B 6 Deficiency / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D011736:Pyridoxine