title: [TPD ophthalmic solution (mixture of tropicamide, phenylephrine hydrochloride, and diclofenac sodium) for cataract surgery].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We made a TPD ophthalmic solution by combining tropicamide solution(Mydrin-P: T), phenylephrine hydrochloride(Neosynesin Kowa: P) and diclofenac sodium(Diclod: D), and evaluated its efficiency in mydriasis during cataract surgery compared to T, P, and D.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five eyes(19 patients) were given either TPD solution(10 eyes) or T, P, and D solution(15 eyes), and the treatment was given six times before surgery. Pupil diameters were measured before and after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operation time was 10.0 +/- 5.2(mean +/- standard deviation) minutes in the TPD group, and 9.0 +/- 3.6 minutes in the T, P and D group. The preoperative and postoperative one pupil diameter was 8.65 +/- 0.34 mm and 8.20 +/- 0.35 mm in the TPD group and 8.80 +/- 0.49 mm and 8.37 +/- 0.61 mm in the T, P, and D group, respectively. The rate of miosis was 5.1 +/- 4.2% in the TPD group and 4.8 +/- 5.1% in the T, P, and D group, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TPD ophthalmic solution maintains the mydriasis as potent by as T, P and D solution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Daini Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 2-1-10 Nishi-ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8567, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirowatari
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokuda
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsubara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014331:Tropicamide / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D009184:Mydriatics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D004008:Diclofenac; D010656:Phenylephrine; D014331:Tropicamide