title: Organ-specific cytokine polarization induced by adoptive transfer of transgenic T cells.
abstract: There are two distinct phenotypes of T cell cytokine responses that lead to different effector functions and different outcomes in disease processes. Although evidence suggests a possible role of the local microenvironment in the differentiation or localization of T cells with these phenotypes, there are no examples of divergent T cell cytokine phenotypes with the same Ag specificity concurrently existing in different tissue compartments. Using a CD8(+) T cell adoptive transfer model for graft-vs-host disease, we demonstrate that a potent type 2 cytokine response develops in the spleen while a potent type 1 cytokine response simultaneously develops in the testis. These experiments demonstrate for the first time that cytokine production can be oppositely polarized in different organs of the same individual. This may have important implications for organ-specific pathology in infection or autoimmunity: infections or autoimmune diseases that affect multiple organs may have heterogeneity in tissue cytokine responses that is not revealed in systemic lymphocyte cytokine responses. Therefore, attempts to modulate the immune response phenotype may ameliorate pathology in one organ while exacerbating pathology in another.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Monoclonal Antibodies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Building 29B, 29 Lincoln Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Elaine F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Lizzio
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gubina
authors.forename: Trina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mostowski
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kozlowski
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine