title: Pulmonary hypertension in scleroderma spectrum of disease: lack of bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 mutations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether mutations in the bone morphogenetic protein receptor 2 gene (BMPR2), initially reported in primary pulmonary hypertension, were present in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and scleroderma spectrum of disease. Methods. BMPR2 gene mutations were determined using nucleic acid sequencing in 24 patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension and scleroderma spectrum of disease and in 2 control groups, 96 healthy North American individuals and 100 Israeli Ashkenazi Jews. The patients also had antinuclear antibody determinations and underwent right heart catheterization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One BMPR2 guanine to adenine (G to A) mutation in exon 13 was found in a 59-year-old Ashkenazi Jewish woman with the limited cutaneous variant, a normal chest radiograph, and positive anticentromere and rheumatoid factor autoantibodies. However, this mutation is thought to be a polymorphism because the same mutation was also found in an ethnically matched healthy Ashkenazi Jew.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pulmonary arterial hypertension in scleroderma spectrum of disease was not associated with heterogeneous germline mutations of BMPR2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA. jhm4@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.forename: Robyn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barst
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: Nieves
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cuervo
authors.forename: Zemin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knowles
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D052006:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type II; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007585:Jews / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C498218:BMPR2 protein, human; D052006:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors, Type II