title: Effects of three fungicides alone and in combination on glutathione S-transferase activity (GST) and cytochrome P-450 (CYP 1A1) in the liver and gill of brown trout (Salmo trutta).
abstract: In order to evaluate the gill glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity as a biomarker of effect of fungicide exposure in juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta), the fungicides propiconazole [(R,S)-1-[2-(2,4-diclophenyl)-4-propyl-1,3-dioolan-2-ylmetyl]-1H-1,2,4-triazole] and fenpropimorph [(+/-)-cis-4-[3-(4-tert-butylphenyl)-2-metyl propyl]-2,6 dimetylmorfolinc] were administrated in the water separately and together in a static system (80 microg/l for each pesticide) for 5 days. The combined fungicides gave a significant decrease in gill GST activity towards 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB), whilst hepatic GST-activity was not significantly changed. Furthermore, continuous exposure to 540 ug/l thiabendazole[2-(thiazol-4'-yl)benzimidazole] in a flow-through system for 4 days significantly increased the gill glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity towards CDNB, whilst hepatic GST and cytochrome P450 (CYP 1A) activities were not increased by the treatment.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Oslo. bjorn.almli@vetinst.no
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Almli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Egaas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Christiansen
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Eklo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Lode
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Källqvist
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005880:Gills / Q000201:enzymology; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D014337:Trout / Q000502:physiology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase