title: Histology of surgically removed overgrown osteochondral rib grafts.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteochondral rib grafts are most commonly used for mandibular condylar replacements. However, when used in growing patients, unpredictable growth of the constructed condyle/ramus is a common complication. Clinically two types of overgrowth, linear or exuberant, have been described.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In order to investigate growth disorders associated with osteochondral rib grafts in children, overgrown grafts were examined histologically.
  
  
  METHODS
  The material consisted of seven samples (six patients) of osteochondral rib grafts, that had been removed due to overgrowth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Examination revealed that the clinical type of overgrowth was not related to any specific microarchitecture, which in itself, showed considerable variation. In three of the samples, a typical endochondral ossification zone was seen and in two others, signs of metaplasia, i.e. a gradual transformation of the cartilage cells into osteocytes, were noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study reveals that the clinical type of overgrowth, linear or exuberant, cannot be related to any typical histological finding. Furthermore, the findings suggest that local factors, such as mandibular movements and loading of the reconstructed condyle may have an effect on the structure of the osteochondral rib graft, and eventually on its growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Development and Orthodontics, Institute of Dentistry, University of Turku, Finland. timo.peltomaki@utu.fi
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Peltomäki
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Quevedo
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jeldes
authors.forename: Olli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rönning
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000844:Ankylosis / Q000601:surgery; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000473:pathology*; D002356:Cartilage / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D002648:Child; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000473:pathology; D003094:Collagen; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D008679:Metaplasia; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000601:surgery; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012086:Reoperation; D012272:Ribs; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen