title: Amoxapine shows atypical antipsychotic effects in patients with schizophrenia: results from a prospective open-label study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Amoxapine is marketed as an antidepressant. However, its receptor occupancy, in vitro and in vivo, and its effects in pre-clinical models are very similar to atypical antipsychotics. To examine if this leads to an atypical antipsychotic effect in the clinical context, the authors examined the antipsychotic and side-effect profile of amoxapine in acutely psychotic patients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients were enrolled and 15 completed a prospective open-label 6-week study of amoxapine starting with a fixed-starting dose (150 mg/h) with standardized titration up to 250 mg/h, if required. Positive, negative, affective symptoms and side-effects were monitored using standardized weekly assessments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amoxapine (median final dose 210 mg/h) was well-tolerated and showed significant improvement in positive and negative symptoms (both p<0.001), with a trend towards improvement in mood symptoms and no treatment-emergent extrapyramidal side-effects, akathisia or weight gain. Prolactin elevation was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These clinical data lend support to the pre-clinical suggestions that amoxapine may be an atypical antipsychotic. Given its lack of weight gain and that it is considerably less expensive than current options, amoxapine could be a valuable alternative for some patients. These considerations strongly call for more systematic, double-blind studies of amoxapine as an atypical antipsychotic.
authors.affiliation: Carracci Medical Group, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Rogelio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Apiquian
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ulloa
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fresan
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loyzaga
authors.forename: Humberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nicolini
authors.forename: Shitij
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kapur
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000657:Amoxapine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014179:Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D014179:Neurotransmitter Uptake Inhibitors; D000657:Amoxapine