title: Usefulness of percutaneous intracardiac administration of colored microspheres in measuring blood flow distribution to the brain in 7-day-old rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  By using colored microsphere (CMS) technique in newborn rats, we explored the relationship between injection sites and blood flow distribution patterns in open-chest and in closed-chest models, with hopes that percutaneous left ventricle injection can be applicable to measure relative blood flow distribution to the brain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven-day-old Wistar rats were used. In open-chest models (n = 30), we exposed the heart and injected CMS (15 microm diameter, 125000 spheres in 0.05 mL) to left and right ventricles, respectively. In closed-chest models (n = 12), we percutaneously punctured the left ventricle to administer microspheres to see the difference in blood flow distribution between the right and left side of organs. Microsphere counts were compared between the left and right side of each organ by unpaired t-test (mean +/- SD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Open-chest showed that right ventricle injection resulted in exclusive entrapment in the lungs, while left ventricle injection resulted in systemic distribution. According to this, one of 12 injections in the closed-chest was judged as right ventricle injection. The other 11 showed insignificant differences between the right and left side in the cortex, lung, and kidney.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Right ventricle injection is differentiated from left ventricle injection and microsphere counts are the same between right and left side of the organs, suggesting that percutaneous microsphere injection is applicable for relative blood flow distribution in 7-day-old rat models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Miyazaki Medical College, Japan.
authors.forename: Yi Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sameshima
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Xiao Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Tsuyomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikenoue
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply*; D005260:Female; D007267:Injections; D008863:Microspheres; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012039:Regional Blood Flow