title: Ventricular activation and recovery measured in electrocardiographic limb leads correlate with measurements from specific areas in body surface mapping.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dispersion of ventricular depolarization-repolarization in 12-lead electrocardiograms (ECGs) has been reported to provide noninvasive information on arrhythmogenicity. However, there are two methods to calculate the dispersion from ECGs including and excluding limb leads. The aim of this study was to examine whether temporal parameters from limb leads represent activation and repolarization of a particular part of the body surface.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We compared the temporal parameters of activation time (AT), activation-recovery interval (ARI), and recovery time (RT) from limb leads of ECGs with those from an 87-lead body surface maps. The study population consisted of 50 normal subjects (25 men and 25 women, 19.4 +/- 1.6 years). The temporal parameters in leads I, II, and III were highly (r > 0.9) correlated with those in unipolar leads over the left lateral, left lower, and right lower chest, respectively. The temporal parameters in leads aVR, aVL, and aVF showed a significant correlation (r > 0.8) with those in unipolar leads over the right upper, left upper, and lower anterior chest, respectively. The mean AT, ARI, and RT from each limb lead of ECG were almost the same as those of unipolar leads over the corresponding areas of the body surface.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that ATs, ARIs, and RTs from limb leads may represent those from unipolar leads of particular areas over the body surface in normal subjects. The temporal parameters from limb leads of ECGs may provide information on activation and repolarization as well as the precordial leads of ECGs.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagoya University, School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akahoshi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inden
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murohara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018780:Body Surface Potential Mapping; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male