Rational choice of oral antihyperglycaemic agents.
Until 1995 sulphonylureas and metformin formed the mainstay of oral pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Since then many new insulin secretagogues and new classes of oral antihyperglycaemic agents have been launched. This has improved the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Oral agents available currently in Indian market are: Those predominantly targeting beta cell dysfunction, those predominantly targeting insulin resistance and those inhibit carbohydrate absorption. Strategies for treatment with oral antihyperglycaemic agents are: Targeting fasting hyperglycaemia, targeting postprandial hyperglycaemia, minimising cost therapy, minimising weight gain and minimising patient effort strategies. Special situations where antihyperglycaemic agents used are: Teenage diabetes, elderly diabetes, persons with erratic lifestyle, persons with cardiac disease, renal disease and in pregnancy.
Chowdhury
Subhankar
S
Department of Endocrinology, IPGMER & SSKM Hospital, Kolkata.
Sengupta
Nilanjan
N
D000284:Administration, Oral; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds