title: Compromised influenza virus-specific CD8(+)-T-cell memory in CD4(+)-T-cell-deficient mice.
abstract: The primary influenza A virus-specific CD8(+)-T-cell responses measured by tetramer staining of spleen, lymph node, and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) lymphocyte populations were similar in magnitude for conventional I-A(b+/+) and CD4(+)-T-cell-deficient I-A(b-/-) mice. Comparable levels of virus-specific cytotoxic-T-lymphocyte activity were detected in the inflammatory exudate recovered by BAL following challenge. However, both the size of the memory T-cell pool and the magnitude of the recall response in the lymphoid tissues (but not the BAL specimens) were significantly diminished in mice lacking the CD4(+) subset. Also, the rate of virus elimination from the infected respiratory tract slowed at low virus loads following challenge of naïve and previously immunized I-A(b-/-) mice. Thus, though the capacity to mediate the CD8(+)-T-cell effector function is broadly preserved in the absence of concurrent CD4(+)-T-cell help, both the maintenance and recall of memory are compromised and the clearance of residual virus is delayed. These findings are consistent with mathematical models that predict virus-host dynamics in this, and other, models of infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
authors.forename: Gabrielle T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Belz
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wodarz
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Doherty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics; D007114:Immunization; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018448:Models, Immunological
chemical_list: D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II