title: Intraoperative lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymph node sampling in esophageal and gastric cancer.
abstract: Recent studies for SN mapping of esophageal and gastric carcinoma show that the SN concept is valid even for upper GI cancers with multidirectional and complicated lymphatic flow. The relatively high incidence of anatomic skip metastasis can be attributed to aberrant distribution of SNs. An individualized and minimally invasive surgical approach can be applicable to management of esophageal and gastric carcinoma based on SN status. Although there are several issues to be resolved, this novel procedure has the potential for great benefit to improve quality control in the treatment of upper GI cancer. Well-designed clinical trials of lymphatic mapping for upper GI cancer will be essential to determine whether this technique is widely applicable in the management of these tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-8582. kitagawa@sc.itc.keio.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Makio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Nobutoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ando
authors.forename: Soji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozawa
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohtani
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumai
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitajima
mesh_terms: D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*