title: When should a substance be designated as sensitizing for the skin ('Sh') or for the airways ('Sa')?
abstract: In the List of MAK and BAT Values compounds are designated with 'Sa' ('sensitizing for the airways') or 'Sh' ('sensitizing for the skin') if, according to scientific evidence, they are allergens. Mainly based on suggestions by a WHO working group and based on our own experience, extended criteria have been elaborated by the working group 'skin and allergy' of the Commission of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft for the Investigation of Health Hazards of Chemical Compounds in the Work Area, which are presented in this article. They serve as guidelines for deciding which substances have to be labelled 'Sa' and 'Sh', respectively, for the prevention of sensitization and subsequent allergic diseases in workers. Although in some special cases their strict application may not be deemed necessary or possible, the proposed new criteria should be used to make the procedure of classification of substances: 1) more rational, 2) more consistent, 3) more comprehensible, and 4) more transparent. This paper informs readers working scientifically or administratively in this field and invites a critical discussion of the issue.
authors.affiliation: IVDK/Institut an der Universitat Göttingen, Germany. aschnuch@med.uni-goettingen.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schnuch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lessmann
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Th L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Diepgen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Drexler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erdmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fartasch
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Greim
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kricke-Helling
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Merget
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Merk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rothe
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stropp
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Uter
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wallenstein
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000145:classification* / Q000276:immunology; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012016:Reference Values; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology*; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens