title: Sodium/calcium exchanger subtypes NCX1, NCX2 and NCX3 show cell-specific expression in rat hippocampus cultures.
abstract: Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchange activity is known to be expressed throughout the brain in both glial and neuronal tissue. mRNA of all three major subtypes of the mammalian Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger protein (NCX1, NCX2, NCX3) has been detected in most brain areas, albeit at varying densities. [The term 'subtype' is used for exchangers that are products of different genes (NCX1, NCX2, NCX3); 'isoform' is used for splice variants of a single gene product]. However, for lack of subtype specific labels, the cellular expression pattern of this transport protein has remained largely unknown. We have now used three subtype-specific antibodies, two monoclonal and one polyclonal, to identify the cellular distribution of the exchanger subtypes in rat hippocampus cell cultures. Surprisingly, we found little overlap for the expression of this membrane protein in different cell types. NCX1 labeled mainly the membranes of neuronal cells and their associated dendritic network. It was found in nearly all neuronal cells of the population growing in culture. In cultures maintained for more than 3 weeks, NCX1 was increasingly detected in the membrane of glia cells. NCX2 immunoreactivity was predominantly localized in various types of glia cells. It was also detected in the membranes of a few neuronal cell bodies but never in the dendritic network. In addition to labeling membranes, the NCX2 antibody strongly cross-reacted with an unidentified glial fibrillar protein. NCX3 expression appeared very low in hippocampus cultures and was restricted to a small subpopulation of neuronal cells. It was never detected in glia cells. Our results provide novel information on the cell-specific expression of the three Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger subtypes (NCX1, NCX2 and NCX3) in mammalian brain. These data may reflect functional differences among the subtypes that are not obvious from studies in recombinant cell lines and hence, may help to understand the functional role of specific glia- or neuron-associated Ca(2+) transport systems.
authors.affiliation: Pharmakologisches Institut der Universität Bern, Friedbühlstrasse 49, CH 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thurneysen
authors.forename: Debora A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Nicoll
authors.forename: Kenneth D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Philipson
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Porzig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000918:Antibody Specificity / Q000276:immunology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000378:metabolism*; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C110927:Slc8a2 protein, rat; C491102:Slc8a3 protein, rat; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; C110374:sodium-calcium exchanger 1