title: Assessment of sperm DNA integrity in workers exposed to styrene.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Occupational exposure to toxic agents may cause infertility, congenital anomalies or death in offspring, but few studies have evaluated DNA integrity in germ cells of male workers. We investigated sperm DNA integrity in individuals occupationally exposed to styrene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Semen samples were obtained from 46 male workers exposed to styrene and 27 unexposed controls (age range 18-45 years). Exposed individuals had worked for at least 2 years in the last 5 years and continuously for 6 months in factories producing reinforced plastics. The Comet assay was performed to evaluate DNA integrity in sperm, as well as semen quality analysis to assess sperm concentration and morphology. There were no differences in the results of the standard semen analysis between exposed subjects and the reference group. However, we found a significant difference (P < 0.001) in sperm DNA damage by the Comet assay between exposed subjects and the reference group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Comet assay proved to be sensitive in detecting an alteration in DNA integrity in germ cells of workers exposed to styrene. This finding contributes towards the understanding of the importance of male occupational exposure within the context of genetic risk assessment in humans.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze dell'Uomo e dell'Ambiente, University of Pisa, Italy. l.migliore@geog.unipi.it
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Migliore
authors.forename: Alessio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naccarati
authors.forename: Alessia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zanello
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scarpato
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bramanti
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mariani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020552:Comet Assay / Q000592:standards; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000652:urine; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D012016:Reference Values; D012661:Semen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013076:Sperm Count; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D013343:Styrenes / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D008333:Mandelic Acids; D013343:Styrenes; C037938:mandelic acid