title: Prenatal diagnosis of ductus venosus agenesis and its association with cytogenetic/congenital anomalies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We present an observational study of 12 cases of anomalies of the umbilical and portal vein systems associated with absence of the ductus venosus (DV) diagnosed over the past 5 years. The hemodynamic implications of each pattern of umbilico-portal system anomalies associated with absence of the DV have been investigated, as well as the frequency and types of associated anomalies and their embryological origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all cases ultrasound, color Doppler, and cytogenetic investigations were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four main patterns of abnormal venous circulation were documented: (1). the umbilical vein (UV) bypasses the liver and drains into the right atrium directly or through a dilated coronary sinus (three cases); (2). the UV bypasses the liver, with an infrahepatic or suprahepatic connection directly to the inferior vena cava (IVC) (two cases); (3). the UV bypasses the liver and drains directly into the iliac or renal veins (four cases); and (4). the UV drains directly into the portal veins (three cases). Among seven cases with other associated anomalies (58%), there were three cases of Turner's and Noonan's syndromes. Two fetuses and two neonates died and there were two terminations of pregnancy (TOP).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In utero diagnosis of ultrasound patterns associated with DV anomalies is feasible. Fetal karyotyping should be considered, serial ultrasound examinations recommended and, in the presence of heart failure, delivery can be anticipated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital 'Di Venere-Giovanni XXIII', Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Volpe
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marasini
authors.forename: Gilda
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lituania
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marzullo
authors.forename: Gennaro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Volpe
authors.forename: Mattia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gentile
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005333:Fetus / Q000098:blood supply*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000002:abnormalities; D011247:Pregnancy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000002:abnormalities; D014680:Veins / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000002:abnormalities