title: PDGF(BB) increases myocardial production of VEGF: shift in VEGF mRNA splice variants after direct injection of bFGF, PDGF(BB), and PDGF(AB).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) plays an important role in angiogenesis. We hypothesized that a combination of recombinant angiogenic proteins might induce myocardial VEGF production and cause a shift in the mRNA signal produced.
  
  
  METHODS
  The left ventricles of New Zealand white rabbits were injected with 500 microL of saline, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), platelet-derived growth factor-AB (PDGF(AB)), platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF(BB)), bFGF + PDGF(AB), or bFGF + PDGF(BB). Myocardial VEGF production was analyzed by ELISA while mRNA splice variants were analyzed by RT-PCR 3 and 7 days after injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PDGF(BB) alone caused the most pronounced induction of VEGF. Three days after injection the induction of VEGF by PDGF(BB) was significant compared to all treatment groups, except the bFGF + PDGF(BB) group. Induction of VEGF by PDGF(BB) was associated with a decrease in mRNA production of VEGF(121) within the myocardium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Injection of PDGF(BB) induces significant production of VEGF within the myocardium. This induction of VEGF production is associated with a shift toward other, less soluble forms of VEGF. These findings may allow more precise regulation of the myocardial response to therapeutic angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, Salt Lake City 84132, USA.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Affleck
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bull
authors.forename: Stephen H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Aida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albanil
authors.forename: Rafe
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Connors
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Stringham
authors.forename: Shreekanth V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Karwande
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000077214:Becaplermin; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D012326:RNA Splicing; D011817:Rabbits; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008222:Lymphokines; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; C095477:platelet-derived growth factor AB; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D000077214:Becaplermin