title: Evaluation of natural products on inhibition of inducible cyclooxygenase (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in cultured mouse macrophage cells.
abstract: The inhibitors of prostaglandin biosynthesis and nitric oxide production have been considered as potential anti-inflammatory and cancer chemopreventive agents. In this study, we evaluated approximately 170 methanol extracts of natural products including Korean herbal medicines for the inhibition of prostaglandin E(2) production (for COX-2 inhibitors) and nitric oxide formation (for iNOS inhibitors) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse macrophages RAW264.7 cells. As a result, several extracts such as Aristolochia debilis, Cinnamomum cassia, Cinnamomum loureirii, Curcuma zedoaria, Eugenia caryophyllata, Pterocarpus santalius, Rehmania glutinosa and Tribulus terrestris showed potent inhibition of COX-2 activity (>80% inhibition at the test concentration of 10 micro g/ml). In addition, the extracts of A. debilis, Caesalpinia sappan, Curcuma longa, C. zedoaria, Daphne genkwa and Morus alba were also considered as potential inhibitors of iNOS activity (>70% inhibition at the test concentration of 10 micro g/ml). These active extracts mediating COX-2 and iNOS inhibitory activities are warranted for further elucidation of active principles for development of new cancer chemopreventive and/or anti-inflammatory agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-dong, Seodaemun-ku, 120-750, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chae Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Sun Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: O-Jin
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Sun Sook
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung Ae
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Sang Kook
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D007723:Korea; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008519:Medicine, Traditional; D051379:Mice; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D015232:Dinoprostone