title: Deficient in DNA methylation 1 (DDM1) defines a novel family of chromatin-remodeling factors.
abstract: Deficient in DNA Methylation 1 (DDM1) protein is required to maintain the DNA methylation status of Arabidopsis thaliana. DDM1 is a member of the broad SWI2/SNF2 protein family. Because of its phylogenetic position, DDM1 has been speculated to act as a chromatin-remodeling factor. Here we used a purified recombinant DDM1 protein to investigate whether it can remodel chromatin in vitro. We show that DDM1 is an ATPase stimulated by both naked and nucleosomal DNA. DDM1 binds to the nucleosome and promotes chromatin remodeling in an ATP-dependent manner. Specifically, it induces nucleosome repositioning on a short DNA fragment. The enzymatic activity of DDM1 is not affected by DNA methylation. The relevance of these findings to the in vivo role of DDM1 is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Pawinskiego 5A, 02-106 Warsaw, Poland. jbrzeski@ibb.waw.pl
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brzeski
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jerzmanowski
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002843:Chromatin; C118957:DDM1 protein, Arabidopsis; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009707:Nucleosomes; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004247:DNA; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases