title: [Epidemiologic and prognostic aspects of nosocomial bacteremia in the intensive care unit].
abstract: The nosocomial bacteremia (NB) are frequent and associated to a high mortality and morbidity with extension of stay in the intensive care unit (ICU). The aim of this study is to evaluate epidemiological aspect and prognosis of NB. It is a retrospective study about 872 patients hospitalized in our unit during 2 years. The diagnosis of the NB is based on two positive hemocultures with 24 hours of interval in the patients who are hospitalized more than 48 hours. The incidence of the bacteremia represents 6.6% (n = 58). The portal of entry is noticed in 55% of the cases (n = 32). The most frequent origin is respiratory infection 24% (n = 14), whereas bacteremia after catheter colonization represents 3.4% (n = 2). Gram Positive cocci were incriminated in more than 53% of the cases (n = 39). Staphylococcus aureus was the first causal germ (n = 28) whereas the Pseudomonas is the most frequent of the gram negative bacilli that represent 41% of the isolate germs (n = 31). The sensitibility of this germ to ceftazidim and imipenen was respectively 18% and 19%. The rate of the resistant Staphylococcus to meticilline was 38%. The whole mortality represented 28% (n = 16) that 7% (n = 14) of the cases were directly in relationship with the septic shock. Among prognostic factors evaluated, only septic shock and multivisceral failures are correlated to mortality. NB mortality is not negligible in ICU. Staphylococcus and Pseudomonas are the most frequent germs. Limitation of invasive acts, rigorous antibiotherapy management and observance of hygienic measures will significantly reduce incidence of NB.
authors.affiliation: Réanimation des urgences chirurgicales (P33), CHU Ibn Rochd Casablanca Maroc.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bouderka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouaggad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sahib
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Belabas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belbachir
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Abassi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis