Secondary prevention: screening and surveillance of persons at average and high risk for colorectal cancer.
Secondary prevention of colorectal cancer with FOBT and endoscopy with polypectomy decreases cancer deaths. Other available modalities include genetic tests and imaging studies, but outcomes data are not yet available. Issues remain concerning the most appropriate test, the optimal intervals, and cost-efficacy. Patients may be stratified by personal and family risk, and specific strategies may be used. Newer developments in genetic tests and imaging, including virtual colonoscopy, hold promise for the future. The most important issue at present is to have people screened or surveilled by any of the recommended modalities.
Peterson
Kathryn A
KA
Division of Gastroenterology, University of Utah Health Sciences Center, 50 North Medical Drive, 4R118, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA.
DiSario
James A
JA
D000236:Adenoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery; D023881:Colonography, Computed Tomographic; D003113:Colonoscopy; D005190:Family; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009780:Occult Blood; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D012812:Sigmoidoscopy