title: Modulation of the conductance of unitary cardiac L-type Ca(2+) channels by conditioning voltage and divalent ions.
abstract: The accompanying paper (Josephson, I. R., A. Guia, E. G. Lakatta, and M. D. Stern. 2002. Biophys. J. 83:2575-2586) examined the effects of conditioning prepulses on the kinetics of unitary L-type Ca(2+) channel currents using Ca(2+) and Ba(2+) ions to determine the ionic-dependence of gating mechanisms responsible for channel inactivation and facilitation. Here we demonstrate that in addition to alterations in gating kinetics, the conductance of single L-type Ca(2+) channels was also dependent on the prior conditioning voltage and permeant ions. All recordings were made in the absence of any Ca(2+) channel agonists. Strongly depolarizing prepulses produced an increased frequency of long-duration (mode 2) openings during the test voltage steps. Mode 2 openings also displayed >25% larger single channel current amplitude (at 0 mV) than briefer (but well-resolved) mode 1 openings. The conductance of mode 2 openings was 26 pS for 105 mM Ba(2+), 18 pS for 5 mM Ba(2+), and 6 pS for 5 mM Ca(2+) ions; these values were 70% greater than the conductance of Ca(2+) channel openings of all durations (mode 1 and mode 2). Thus, the prepulse-driven shift into mode 2 gating results in a longer-lived Ca(2+) channel conformation that, in addition, displays altered permeation properties. These results, and those in the accompanying paper, support the hypothesis that multiple aspects of single L-type Ca(2+) channel behavior (gating kinetics, modal transitions, and ion permeation) are interrelated and are modulated by the magnitude of the conditioning depolarization and the nature and concentration of the ions permeating the channel.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. josephsoni@grc.nia.nih.gov
authors.forename: Ira R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Josephson
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guia
authors.forename: Edward G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Lakatta
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Stern
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001464:Barium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004594:Electrophysiology; D007477:Ions; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D007477:Ions; D001464:Barium; D002118:Calcium