title: The relationship between porosity and fatigue characteristics of bone cements.
abstract: In this study, the fatigue strengths of acrylic cement prepared by various commercially available reduced pressure mixing systems were compared with the fatigue strength of cement mixed by hand (control) under atmospheric conditions. The following observations were made from this investigation. The mean fatigue strength of reduced pressure mixed acrylic bone cement is double that of cement mixed by hand using an open bowl, 11,354+/-6,441 cycles to failure for reduced pressure mixing in comparison with 5,938+/-3,199 cycles for mixing under atmospheric conditions. However, the variability in mean fatigue strengths of reduced pressure mixed bone cement is greater for some mixing devices. The variation in fatigue strengths for the different mixing techniques is explained by the different porosity distributions. The design of the reduced pressure mixing system and the technique employed during mixing strongly contribute to the porosity distribution within the acrylic bone cement. The level of reduced pressure applied during cement mixing has an effect on the fatigue strength of bone cement, but the mixing mechanism is significantly more influential.
authors.affiliation: School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland. nicholas.dunne@dcu.ie
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Dunne
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Orr
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Mushipe
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Eveleigh
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D008422:Materials Testing; D016062:Porosity
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements