title: [Availability of TPD ophthalmic solution (mixture of Mydrin-P solution, Neosynesin Kowa solution, and Diclod solution) in regard to the corneal barrier function--clinical evaluation for vitrectomy in patients with diabetic retinopathy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We made TPD ophthalmic solution by combining Tropicamide solution(Mydrin-P: T), Phenylephrine Hydrochloride(Neosynesin Kowa solution: P) and Diclofenac Sodium(Diclod solution: D), and evaluated its efficiency in terms of corneal epithelial damage in patients with diabetic retinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients(10 eyes) who were to undergo vitrectomy were enrolled in this study. They each received T, P, and D 6 times and TPD solution in the same way. Before and after the instillation, superficial punctate keratopathy (SPK) was evaluated and corneal epithelial permeability was determined by anterior fluorophotometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the instillation of T, P, and D, corneal damage increased in all eyes. After the instillation of TPD, three eyes showed only one grade change up in AD(A: area, D: density) classification of SPK. The fluorescein uptake change between pre- and post-instillation was 457.5 +/- 468.8 (mean +/- standard deviation) ng/ml with T, P, and D and 100.5 +/- 235.6 ng/ml with TPD(p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TPD solution decreases both corneal epithelium damage and barrier function change of corneal epithelium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Daini Hospital, Tokyo Women's Medical University, 2-1-10 Nishi-ogu, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo 116-8567, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokuda
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirowatari
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsubara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000601:surgery*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014331:Tropicamide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D009184:Mydriatics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D004008:Diclofenac; D010656:Phenylephrine; D014331:Tropicamide