title: Cost-effectiveness analysis of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin in the secondary prevention of acute coronary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Enoxaparin in Non-Q-Wave Coronary Events (ESSENCE) and Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 11B studies revealed that enoxaparin reduced the incidence of death, myocardial reinfarction and recurrent angina in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) compared with unfractionated heparin (UFH).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To perform a pharmacoeconomic analysis to evaluate the cost effectiveness of treatment with enoxaparin compared with UFH in Spanish patients with ACS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cost-effectiveness analysis using data and costs from Spanish sources, conducted from the perspective of the National Health System. PATIENTS, INTERVENTIONS AND OUTCOMES MEASURES: The study was based on the results of the ESSENCE and TIMI 11B clinical trials, which included more than 7,000 patients with ACS treated with enoxaparin or UFH. The main variables studied were the success rate, expressed as patients with no complications (reinfarction, unstable angina or death), and the decrease in the utilisation of healthcare resources (revascularisation procedures and hospitalisation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The base-case results of the analysis showed superior efficacy and lower total treatment and follow-up costs with enoxaparin compared with UFH. The total savings in direct health costs per patient with enoxaparin ranged between 448 and 659 euros (time horizons of 1 month and 1 year, respectively) [2001 values]. The sensitivity analysis results confirmed the advantage of enoxaparin in all cases, except in one scenario: when simultaneously using all the minimum values of the confidence interval for absolute risk reduction (ARR) in the utilisation of health resources.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that enoxaparin is a more effective and less expensive treatment option than UFH in secondary prevention of patients with ACS in Spain, confirming the results obtained in other pharmacoeconomic analyses performed in the UK, USA, France and Canada.
authors.affiliation: Applied Research Unit, Gestió and Organització and Comunicació, S.A., Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brosa
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rubio-Terrés
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Farr
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nadipelli
authors.forename: Jenaro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Froufe
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000191:economics; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000191:economics; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000191:economics* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000191:economics* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006493:Heparin / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006801:Humans; D018803:Models, Economic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D017984:Enoxaparin; D006493:Heparin