title: Differences in treatment preferences between persons who enrol and do not enrol in a clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantitatively compare preferences for treatment between persons who enrolled in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) and those who were eligible but chose not to enrol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants' thresholds for treatment were determined using a probability trade-off technique. Pertinent health states were described. If not taking Aspirin, the probabilities of stroke, myocardial infarction (MI), and major bleeding were given. Given the risks and benefits of chronic Aspirin therapy, a systematic approach was used to determine patients' thresholds for treatment (the smallest reduction in stroke or MI risk of which patients were willing to take Aspirin).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 54 participants, 42 enrolled in the RCT, and 12 did not. Compared with persons who enrolled, those who did not enrol required significantly greater increments in treatment benefit to be willing to take Aspirin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows differences in thresholds for treatment between persons who enrolled in a clinical trial and those who chose not to. Such attitudinal differences may lead to difficulty in the interpretation of clinical trials, especially those using health-related quality-of-life measures. More studies are needed to determine whether the attitudinal differences affect the generalization of results from clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Assessment Unit, Ottawa Hospital Civic Campus, 1053 Carling Ave., Ottawa ON K1Y 4E9, Canada. mhing@ohri.ca
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Man-Son-Hing
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berquist
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laupacis
mesh_terms: D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001294:Attitude to Health; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000517:prevention & control; D010358:Patient Participation; D018579:Patient Selection; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012107:Research Design; D035842:Research Subjects / Q000523:psychology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control; D036302:Therapeutic Human Experimentation
chemical_list: D001241:Aspirin