title: The role of separation-individuation experiences and personality in predicting externalizing and internalizing dimensions of functional impairment in a rural preadolescent and adolescent sample.
abstract: Studied 4th- through 8th-grade students in a rural school district (N = 382, 201 girls; M age = 12.48) who, at the end of the academic year, completed self-report measures assessing functional impairment, self-concept, reactance, and autonomy experiences in relation to parents. Confirmatory factor analysis supported a distinction between 2 aspects of autonomy: mutuality (perceptions of parents as encouraging of autonomy) and conflictual dependence (negative representations of "self-in-relation-to-parent" and related feelings of anger and shame). Path analysis findings mostly were consistent with a mediated model predicting personality from autonomy experiences and functional impairment from personality. However, conflictual dependence rather than negative self-feelings directly predicted girls' emotional difficulties. Comparisons of total effects suggested that conflictual dependence may have stronger and more consistent implications for adolescent psychopathology than mutuality. In general, significant relations between conflictual dependence and psychopathology remained significant even after controlling for a measure of negative affectivity (NA).
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA. franks@msu.edu
authors.forename: Susan J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Allison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Schettini
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Lower
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000374:Aggression / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007207:Individuation; D007389:Internal-External Control; D007604:Juvenile Delinquency / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010551:Personality / Q000502:physiology*; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012649:Self Concept