title: A pilot study of the effects of transpalatal maxillary advancement on velopharyngeal closure in cleft palate patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Impaired velopharyngeal closure function is sometimes a complication of a standard Le Fort I maxillary advancement in cleft palate patients. The transpalatal Le Fort I osteotomy has been suggested as an alternative technique that may avoid this problem. The aim of this pilot study was to examine the effects of the transpalatal approach on velopharyngeal function in a series of cleft palate patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen consecutive patients with a history of cleft palate exhibiting maxillary hypoplasia who underwent a transpalatal Le Fort I osteotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients had a simultaneous audio/video speech recording and nasopharyngoscopy examination prior to maxillary advancement, followed by a repeat of the same examinations at least 1 year post-operatively. Velopharyngeal function was measured in two ways: by direct observation using nasopharyngoscopy, and indirectly by means of perceptual assessment. Reliability studies of the two measures were performed with satisfactory results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant difference was found between the pre- and post-operative data in either the perceptual speech assessment or nasopharyngoscopy examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that maxillary advancement by transpalatal Le Fort I osteotomy does not adversely affect velopharyngeal closure function.
authors.affiliation: Speech and Language Therapy Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, London, UK. selld@gosh.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sell
authors.forename: Lian
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mars
authors.forename: Martyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sheriff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000503:physiopathology; D015588:Observer Variation; D019340:Osteotomy, Le Fort / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D010159:Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000503:physiopathology; D010614:Pharynx / Q000503:physiopathology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013637:Tape Recording; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014743:Videotape Recording