title: Novel mutation and multiple mutations found in the human butyrylcholinesterase gene.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mutations in human butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) are linked to low BChE activity and abnormal response to muscle relaxants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty Chinese patients with hepatic disease and low cholinesterase activity, and one Japanese patient and her mother were tested for BChE activity and BChE phenotype. The butyrylcholinesterase (BCHE gene) was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced. Mutant BChE was expressed in 293 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A novel mutation was found in one Chinese patient at nucleotide 943, where A was changed to T (943 A-->T), causing substitution of threonine 315 by serine (T315S). The T315S mutant had half of the normal BChE activity. One Japanese patient with low BChE activity had three nucleotide substitutions, 355 C-->T, 988 T-->A, and 1615 G-->A. The amino acid substitutions were Q119stop, L330I, and A539T, respectively. The single mutant L330I had low BChE activity, but the double mutant L330I/A539T had normal activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The L330I and the novel T315S mutation caused a decreased BChE activity. The T315S mutation is one of the first BChE mutations reported in the Chinese population. Multiple mutations in BChE may interact with each other in an intramolecular manner.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mokogawacho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan. liuwd@hyo-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jidong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Arata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imanishi
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase