title: Cardiorespiratory stability of premature and term infants carried in infant slings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Parents in industrialized societies make increasing use of infant slings to carry their infants. This study was conducted to determine whether infants who are carried in slings are at risk of experiencing clinically relevant changes in cardiorespiratory measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a 3-period crossover trial, 24 preterm and 12 term newborns were continually monitored while being carried horizontally or vertically in a sling or lying in a pram. Oxygen saturation, heart rate, nasal airflow, abdominal breathing, and movements were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infants who were carried in slings were not at risk of clinically relevant changes of oxygen saturation or heart rate. The 90% confidence interval of oxygen saturation in both infant sling positions remained within a +/-2% interval around the average oxygen saturation in the pram. However, a significant decrease of oxygen saturation was observed while infants were carried in a sling with a mean oxygen saturation of 96.3% (standard deviation [SD]: 1.8) in the vertical and 96.1% (SD: 2.0) in the horizontal sling position compared with the mean oxygen saturation in the pram (97.1%; SD: 1.5). The degree and the incidence of desaturations and bradycardia did not change while the infants were carried. Both types of episodes were seen only in preterm infants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of carrying slings is not associated with an increased risk of clinically relevant cardiorespiratory changes in term and preterm infants.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany. waltraud.stening@uni-koeln.de
authors.forename: Waltraud
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Stening
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nitsch
authors.forename: Gernot
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wassmer
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D001919:Bradycardia / Q000175:diagnosis; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015370:Infant Equipment / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D016684:Prone Position / Q000502:physiology; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; D016683:Supine Position