Angiogenesis and chemokines in rheumatoid arthritis and other systemic inflammatory rheumatic diseases.
Angiogenesis, the formation of new vessels, is important in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and other inflammatory diseases. Chemotactic cytokines termed chemokines mediate the ingress of leukocytes, including neutrophils and monocytes into the inflamed synovium. In this review, authors discuss the role of the most important angiogenic factors and angiogenesis inhibitors, as well as relevant chemokines and chemokine receptors involved in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases. RA was chosen as a prototype to discuss these issues, as the majority of studies on the role of angiogenesis and chemokines in inflammatory diseases were carried out in arthritis. However, other systemic inflammatory (autoimmune) diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), systemic sclerosis (SSc), Sjögren's syndrome (SS), mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD), polymyositis/dermatomyositis (PM/DM) and systemic vasculites are also discussed in this context. As a number of chemokines may also play a role in neovascularization, this issue is also described here. Apart from discussing the pathogenic role of angiogenesis and chemokines, authors also review the regulation of angiogenesis and chemokine production by other inflammatory mediators, as well as the important relevance of neovascularization and chemokines for antirheumatic intervention.
Bodolay
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Division of Rheumatology, Third Department of Medicine, University of Debrecen Medical and Health Sciences Center, Debrecen, H-4004, Hungary.
Koch
Alisa E
AE
Kim
Joon
J
Szegedi
Gyula
G
Szekanecz
Zoltan
Z
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D018925:Chemokines; D006133:Growth Substances; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine