title: Delayed and differential induction of p38 MAPK isoforms in microglia and astrocytes in the brain after transient global ischemia.
abstract: The p38 MAPK signaling pathway has been implicated in various pathological conditions of neuronal and non-neuronal cells. Here we report the differential induction of p38 MAPK isoforms, p38alpha and p38beta, in the adult gerbil brain following transient global ischemia. The p38alpha and p38beta kinase activities were gradually enhanced with the peak activity occurring around 2-4 days after ischemic insult. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that p38alpha expression was increased as early as 4 h after ischemic insult and enhanced further reaching maximum induction around 4 days after ischemia. The induced p38alpha was concentrated in microglia in hippocampus as well as in frontal and parietal cortices of the brain, where significant neuronal damage was occurred. By contrast, immunostaining with anti-p38beta antibody indicated that p38beta was markedly induced in astrocytes in hippocampus around 4 days after ischemic insult, which lasted for the next several days. The differential induction of p38 MAPK isoforms following transient global ischemia, especially the induction of p38alpha and p38beta MAPKs in microglia and astrocytes, respectively, in different time points after ischemic insult suggest distinct roles of p38 MAPK isoforms in post-ischemic brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Inha University School of Medicine, 7-241 Shinheung-dong, Jung-Gu, Inchon 400-712, South Korea.
authors.forename: Chun Shu
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: Yongzhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Che
authors.forename: Pyung-Lim
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ja-Kyeong
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D005849:Gerbillinae; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D048290:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 11; D048308:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019579:Neocortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016548:Prosencephalon / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D020033:Protein Isoforms; D048290:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 11; D048308:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 14; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases