title: Human rhinovirus 87 identified as human enterovirus 68 by VP4-based molecular diagnosis.
abstract: Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) are the major cause of respiratory infections. We developed a diagnostic method for HRVs based on the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and VP4-based phylogenetic analysis. A set of primers used in the RT-PCR of human enteroviruses (EVs) appeared to be capable of amplifying all prototype strains of HRVs, each of which generated a 530-bp fragment. The single exception was HRV-87, which generated a 650-bp fragment, as observed in human EVs. The VP4 nucleotide sequence of HRV-87 showed more than 97% nucleotide identity with human EV-68, and formed a monophyletic cluster along with the prototype strain of EV-68 in the human EV-D cluster. HRV-87 showed the second highest homology (76.8%) with EV-70, another member of the human EV-D, in a sample of 66 human EVs and 12 HRVs. Therefore, HRV-87 should be reclassified into the cluster containing human EV-68.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Department, Mitsubishi Kagaku Bio-Clinical Laboratories, Tokyo, Japan. Ishiko@ml.mbcl.co.jp
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishiko
authors.forename: Rika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Shudo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Naokazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D030016:Enterovirus D, Human / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins