Facial and vocal expressions of emotion.
A flurry of theoretical and empirical work concerning the production of and response to facial and vocal expressions has occurred in the past decade. That emotional expressions express emotions is a tautology but may not be a fact. Debates have centered on universality, the nature of emotion, and the link between emotions and expressions. Modern evolutionary theory is informing more models, emphasizing that expressions are directed at a receiver, that the interests of sender and receiver can conflict, that there are many determinants of sending an expression in addition to emotion, that expressions influence the receiver in a variety of ways, and that the receiver's response is more than simply decoding a message.
Russell
James A
JA
Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts 02467, USA. james.russell@bc.edu
Bachorowski
Jo-Anne
JA
Fernandez-Dols
Jose-Miguel
JM
D004644:Emotions; D019260:Expressed Emotion; D005149:Facial Expression; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D009633:Nonverbal Communication; D018187:Personal Construct Theory; D012938:Social Perception; D013061:Speech Acoustics