title: Positive (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in blood components and release of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan from depth-type membrane filters for blood processing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The false-positive elevation of plasma (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan level, a serodiagnostic test for deep-seated mycosis, is suspected in patients administered with blood components.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1-->3)-beta-D-Glucan and endotoxin levels in blood components consisting of 12 albumins, 8 immunoglobulins, and 3 blood coagulation factors were measured by fungal infection tests (Fungitec G-test, Seikagaku Co.; the Wako WB003 test, Wako Pure Chemical Industries; and the Endospec ES test, Seikagaku Co.). In vitro release of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan from the depth-type filters made by cellulose membrane to process blood components was analyzed through an in vitro filtration process as a source of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in blood components.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The amounts of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan in blood components ranged from 0 to 7510 pg per mL in the Fungitec G-test, with wide variations among brands. The positive rates over 20 pg per mL were 75 percent in albumin solutions, 40 percent in blood coagulation factors, and 63 percent in immunoglobulin solutions. (1-->3)-beta-D-Glucan levels released from the five depth filters ranged from 5 to 2516 pg per mL. The (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan level in filtration fluid was decreased by rinsing with distilled water, but rebounded again during the albumin filtration process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depth filters are considered the source of (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan content in some blood components.
authors.affiliation: Division of Surgical Metabolism, Faculty of Health Sciences, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan. musa@ams.kobe-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohata
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Shigenori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D016913:Blood Component Transfusion; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000097:blood; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005374:Filtration; D005658:Fungi / Q000737:chemistry; D005936:Glucans / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009181:Mycoses / Q000097:blood*; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012995:Solubility; D012996:Solutions; D047071:beta-Glucans
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D001798:Blood Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D005936:Glucans; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012996:Solutions; D047071:beta-Glucans; D002482:Cellulose; C033363:beta-1,3-glucan; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases