title: Retinopathy in older patients with diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the effects of the age and/or disease duration in diabetics on the progression of diabetic retinopathy (DR).
  
  
  METHODS
  The population consisted of 3614 type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The subjects were divided into three age groups (elderly, > or = 65 years old; middle-aged, 64-40 years old, and younger < 40 years old) for disease duration-adjusted comparison with and without DR and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Then, in 503 patients with 8-year follow-up data available, the frequency of development/progression of DR and the rate of progression to PDR were compared among the three groups. Thirdly, in the elderly patients, DR prevalence and the frequency of the development/progression of DR were compared between two groups with different diabetes duration (> or = 6 years and < or = 5 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of DR increased significantly with age (P < 0.001). The prevalence of PDR decreased significantly with age (P < 0.001). The overall frequency of the development and/or progression of DR increased significantly with age (P = 0.002); however, age was not related to the frequency of progression to PDR. In the patients with diabetes duration of 6-15 years, the frequency of the development/progression of DR and of progression to PDR after an 8-year follow up tended to decrease with age. Elderly patients with a diabetes duration of > or = 6 years showed significantly higher rate of prevalence of DR and frequency of development/progression of DR in an 8-year period than those with diabetes of a shorter duration (P < 0.001 and P < 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In elderly DM patients, the prevalence of DR was increased even in the short duration and development/progression rates of DR were increased, while the relative frequency of PDR was decreased. Older-onset DM patients appear to be at a lower risk for progression to PDR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo School of Medicine, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan. katou-s@ka2.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takemori
authors.forename: Shigehiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Sadao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Numaga
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D013997:Time Factors