title: Effects of diltiazem on in vitro cardiovascular actions of crude venom obtained from Okinawan box-jellyfish (Habu-kurage), Chiropsalmus quadrigatus.
abstract: The venom obtained from Okinawan box-jellyfish (Habu-kurage), Chiropsalmus quadrigatus, produced increases in contractions of isolated rat right atrial preparations in a concentration-dependent manner without changes in a spontaneous beating rate. These increases in contractions were significantly inhibited by diltiazem and did not show tachyphylaxis. The venom also produced increases in contractions of isolated rat aortic ring preparations (endothelium-intact) in a concentration-dependent fashion, which were reproducible with repeated application and were significantly inhibited by diltiazem or heating. These increases in vascular contractions were weakened in endothelium-denuded preparations, and almost abolished in a calcium-free medium. On the other hand, the venom at higher concentrations diminished contractions of both myocardial and vascular preparations and did not show reproducibility. These results suggest that the Habu-kurage venom is heat-labile and may increase contractions of cardiac muscle and aortic smooth muscle by increasing calcium influx into muscle cells, and that the venom at higher concentrations may produce dysfunction of muscle contractile systems due to calcium overload.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakanashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuzaki
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakasone
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakanashi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kukita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakanashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003064:Cnidarian Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004110:Diltiazem / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011336:Probability; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003064:Cnidarian Venoms; D004110:Diltiazem