title: Wavefront aberrations measured with Hartmann-Shack sensor in patients with keratoconus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the ocular wavefront aberrations of normal and keratoconic eyes and to describe the characteristics of the higher-order aberrations in eyes with keratoconus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case control and observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five keratoconic eyes and thirty-eight normal controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Higher-order aberrations in refraction were measured with a wavefront sensor, and those aberrations resulting from the cornea were evaluated by videokeratographic data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coma-like (S(3 + 5)), spherical-like (S(4 + 6)), and total (S(3 + 4 + 5 + 6)) higher-order aberrations in both refraction and the cornea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean +/- standard deviation of S(3 + 5) (1.88 +/- 1.16), S(4 + 6) (0.70 +/- 0.55), and S(3 + 4 + 5 + 6) (2.03 +/- 1.23) in refraction (6-mm diameter, root mean square, micro m) were significantly higher in the keratoconic eyes than in normal controls (0.26 +/- 0.10, 0.19 +/- 0.10, 0.34 +/- 0.11, respectively; Mann-Whitney U test, P = 0.001). Coma-like aberrations were 2.32 times larger than spherical-like aberrations in keratoconic eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase of ocular higher-order aberrations in keratoconic eyes results from an increase of corneal higher-order aberrations. Coma-like aberrations were dominant compared with spherical-like aberrations in keratoconic eyes. Wavefront sensing will enable us not only to evaluate the quality of vision but also to differentiate keratoconic eyes from normal eyes by analyzing the characteristics of the higher-order aberrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Japan. nmaeda@ophthal.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujikado
authors.forename: Teruhito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Toshifumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mihashi
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirohara
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001251:Astigmatism / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology*; D019781:Corneal Topography; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007640:Keratoconus / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies