title: Recognition and repair of DNA-cisplatin adducts.
abstract: Anticancer activity of cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum) is believed to result from its interaction with DNA. The drug reacts with nucleophilic sites in DNA forming monoadducts as well as intra- and interstrand crosslinks. DNA-cisplatin adducts are specifically recognized by several proteins. They can be divided into two classes. One constitutes proteins which recognize DNA damage as an initial step of the nucleotide excision and mismatch repair pathways. The other class contains proteins stabilizing cellular DNA-protein and protein-protein complexes, including non-histone proteins from the HMG (high-mobility-group) family. They specifically recognize 1,2-interstrand d(GpG) and d(ApG) crosslinks of DNA-cisplatin adducts and inhibit their repair. Many HMG-domain proteins can function as transcription factors, e.g. UBF, an RNA polymerase I transcription factor, the mammalian testis-determining factor SRY and the human mitochondrial transcription factor mtTFA. Moreover, it seems that some proteins, which probably recognize DNA-cisplatin adducts non-specifically, e.g. actin and other nuclear matrix proteins, can disturb the structural and functional organization of the nucleus and whole cell. The formation of complexes between DNA and proteins in the presence of cisplatin and the changes in the cell architecture may account for the drug cytotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Łódź, S. Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Woźniak
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Błasiak
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D024742:HMG-Box Domains; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018736:DNA Adducts; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006657:Histones; D014157:Transcription Factors; C057270:cisplatin-DNA adduct; D004247:DNA; D004706:Endodeoxyribonucleases; D002945:Cisplatin