title: Pharmacological doses of Zn2+ induce a muscarinic cholinergic supersensitivity.
abstract: The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of chronic Zn2+ administration (1 mg/kg/day for 1 month) in Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 11) on motility and rearing behaviors (number of events/10 min measured in motility cage), on memory (percentage of failures using a foot-shock double T maze), on the number of muscarinic receptors (using [(3)H]-QNB as a marker) and on the cholinacetyltransferase (Chat) activity (determined by Fonnun's method) in various brain areas (striatum, hippocampus and frontal cortex), as compared with saline-treated rats (n = 10). Our results showed that Zn2+ induced a decrease in rearing (control: 24.6 +/- 3; Zn2+: 15.91 +/- 2.19) and in locomotor activity (control: 37 +/- 3.79; Zn2+: 25 +/- 4.37), a decrease in failures during memory trials (control: 26.12 +/- 5.6; Zn2+: 5.33 +/- 2.71) and an increase in muscarinic receptor density (fmol/mg) in the striatum (control: 539 +/- 6.18; Zn2+: 720 +/- 14.69), hippocampus (control: 396 +/- 7.41; Zn 2+: 458 +/- 5.05) and frontal cortex (control: 506 +/- 10.28; Zn2+: 716 +/- 16.54). Chat activity (pmol/mg/min) was decreased only in the striatum (control: 4240 +/- 158; Zn2+: 2311 +/- 69). We conclude that Zn 2+ induces a cholinergic functional supersensitivity which is related to receptor upregulation.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Research Unit, Biomedical Research Center, School of Medicine, Universidad Centro Occidental 'Lisandro Alvarado', Barquisimeto, Venezuela. rafaelabc@hotmail.com
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bonfante-Cabarcas
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nello
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Reyes
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Loureiro Dos Santos
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Moreno-Yanes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D015032:Zinc