title: Mechanism of peripheral blood mononuclear cell invasion by HBV on artificial immunization in newborns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect and mechanism of the peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) invasion by HBV on artificial immunization in newborns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two newborns of HBsAg positive mothers were immunized with HBIG (hepatitis B immunoglobulin) and HBVac (hepatitis B vaccine) and were followed up for 7 months. The newborns' HBV-DNA in serum and in the PBMCs was detected with nested-PCR; anti-HBs was tested with solid phase radioimmunoassay (SP-RIA). PBMCs isolated from newborn peripheral blood were incubated in the presence of PHA or purified HBsAg. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) level in culture supernatants of activated cells was detected by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The failure rate of immunization was higher in infants with positive HBV-DNA in PBMCs than those with negative HBV-DNA (P < 0.05); IL-2 level in PBMC culture supernatants was lower in former than in the latter and in normal controls (P < 0.05). The level of IL-2 in the immunization failure newborns was lower than that in the successfully immunized newborns and in normal controls (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intrauterine invasion of PBMCs by HBV is one of the important reasons for immunization failure in newborns. IL-2 production is closely related to the invasion of PBMCs by HBV, which may contribute to the failure of artificial immunization in newborns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, The First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, China. zhangsl451206@163.com
authors.forename: Yafei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: Jinlai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Shulin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000276:immunology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D007376:Interleukin-2; C045213:hepatitis B hyperimmune globulin