title: Inactivation of HIV in blood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The residual risk of HIV infection after HIV screening tests in combination with the risk of new emerging pathogens entering the blood supply has sparked research on the development of a technology for reduction of pathogens in RBCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV-1 was treated with PEN110 (INACTINE) and analyzed for the kinetics of virus reduction in RBC, the effect of PEN110 on nucleic acids, the integrity of the virus morphology and viral proteins, and the ability of the virus to bind HIV cell receptors and enter susceptible cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PEN110 effectively reduced HIV-1 to the limit of detection for a reduction factor of at least 5.57 log 50 percent tissue culture infectious dose per bulk test. The PEN110-treated virions maintained their morphology, protein integrity, and functionality. However, the PEN110-treated HIV-1 RNA genome was neither functional to serve as a template for RT-PCR amplification of about 1 kb nor able to support viral DNA synthesis in cell culture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that PEN110 inactivates HIV-1 by targeting the viral nucleic acid.
authors.affiliation: V.I. Technologies, Inc., 134 Coolidge Avenue, Watertown, MA 02472, USA. asa.ohagen@vitechnologies.com
authors.forename: Asa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohagen
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gibaja
authors.forename: Saika
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aytay
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Horrigan
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lunderville
authors.forename: Aris
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lazo
mesh_terms: D001769:Blood / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology*; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000821:virology; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D011073:Polyamines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014771:Virion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D038301:Virus Inactivation; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D015686:Gene Products, env; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015488:HIV Antigens; C451719:PEN 110; D011073:Polyamines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase