title: Children's interpretation of generic noun phrases.
abstract: Generic utterances (e.g., "Cows say 'moo'") have 2 distinctive semantic properties: (a) Generics are generally true, unlike indefinites (e.g., "Bears live in caves" is generic; "I saw some bears in the cave" is indefinite), and (b) generics need not be true of all category members, unlike universal quantifiers (e.g., all, every, each). This article examined whether preschool children and adults appreciate both these features, using a comprehension task (Study 1) and an elicited production task (Study 2). In both tasks, 4-year-old children--like adults--treated generics as distinct from both indefinites ("some") and universal quantifiers ("all"). In contrast, 3-year-olds did not differentiate among generics, "all," and "some." By 4 years of age, generics emerge as a distinct semantic device.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-1109, USA.
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hollander
authors.forename: Susan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gelman
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Star
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003210:Concept Formation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007804:Language Development; D008297:Male; D011340:Problem Solving; D011578:Psycholinguistics; D012660:Semantics; D013067:Speech Perception