title: Use of a hemoglobin-based oxygen-carrying solution in cats: 72 cases (1998-2000).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine clinical features and outcome associated with use of a hemoglobin-based oxygen-carrying (HBOC) solution in cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  72 cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of cats that received an HBOC solution were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common clinical signs and physical examination findings prior to infusion of the HBOC solution were associated with anemia; vomiting, neurologic signs, and respiratory abnormalities were also detected. The HBOC solution was given as a supportive measure in treatment of anemia in 70 cats, most often because compatible blood was not readily available. There were 80 separate HBOC solution infusion events (mean dose, 14.6 ml/kg [6.6 mg/lb]; mean rate of infusion, 4.8 ml/kg [2.2 ml/lb] per hour). Improvements in 37 of 43 of the more closely monitored cats included increased rectal temperature, blood hemoglobin concentration, blood pressure, appetite, and activity. Adverse events in 44 cats included pulmonary edema (n = 8), pleural effusion (21), mucous membrane discoloration (21), pigmenturia (11), vomiting (4), and neurologic abnormalities (4). Twenty-three cats were discharged from the hospital, and 49 cats died or were euthanatized. Necropsy examination of 23 cats did not reveal evidence of renal or hepatic toxicosis associated with HBOC administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although administration of an HBOC solution may provide temporary support to anemic cats, the development of pulmonary edema or pleural effusion potentially associated with rapid infusion rate and large volume of infusion of the HBOC solution should be investigated further before use of the solution can be recommended in cats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6010, USA.
authors.forename: Gillian R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Mary Beth
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Callan
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Giger
mesh_terms: D000740:Anemia / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D002415:Cats; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012996:Solutions; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001802:Blood Substitutes; D006454:Hemoglobins; D012996:Solutions