The effects of nicotinamide on energy metabolism following transient focal cerebral ischemia in Wistar rats.
This study examined the effects of nicotinamide on adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and nicotinamide adenine (NAD) levels and poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) (poly(ADP-ribose)) polymerase activity following ischemia and reperfusion in ketamine pretreated rats. Nicotinamide was administered at the end of the ischemic period. Nicotinamide protected against the depletion of ATP and NAD at 6 and 24 h of reperfusion. Nicotinamide is known to inhibit poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase at early time points, but was found to increase poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase activity at 24 h of reperfusion. It appears that nicotinamide can help maintain cellular energetics during reperfusion, thereby protecting cells from necrotic and apoptotic mechanisms.
Yang
Jun
J
Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, 1985 Zonal Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9121, USA.
Klaidman
Lori K
LK
Nalbandian
Artak
A
Oliver
Jasmine
J
Chang
Mei L
ML
Chan
Pak H
PH
Adams
James D
JD
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009243:NAD / Q000032:analysis; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015424:Reperfusion; D013997:Time Factors
D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009243:NAD; D009536:Niacinamide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases