title: Dominant inheritance of cleft palate, microstomia and micrognathia--possible linkage to the fragile site at 16q22 (FRA16B).
abstract: We report a family in which a father and his three children are affected with microstomia, micrognathia and partial or complete cleft of the hard and soft palate. The probands were non-identical twins, a boy and a girl, both noted to have the above features soon after birth. Their father was diagnosed with a submucous cleft of the palate at the age of 4 years and their older brother has milder facial features and a bifid uvula. All affected family members were demonstrated to have a fragile site on chromosome 16q22 but otherwise normal karyotypes. Of interest is a previously described family with autosomal dominant inheritance of U-shaped cleft palate, microstomia, micrognathia and oligodontia where all affected members were shown to have the fragile site at 16q22 in a proportion of their cells [Bettex et al. (1998) Eur J Pediatr Surg 8:4-8]. We propose that these two conditions are the same and represent a distinctive syndrome involving aberrant orofacial development that may be linked to the fragile site at 16q22.
authors.affiliation: Hunter Genetics & University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Withers
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dalzell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McGlynn
authors.forename: E P E
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Kirk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D043283:Chromosome Fragile Sites; D002873:Chromosome Fragility; D002885:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008844:Micrognathism / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008865:Microstomia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic