title: Role of cyclooxygenase-2 in the prolonged regulation of renal function.
abstract: The role of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in the prolonged regulation of renal function was evaluated during changes in sodium intake and reduction of NO synthesis. It was evaluated in conscious dogs by administering a selective inhibitor (nimesulide) during 8 consecutive days. Nimesulide administration to dogs with normal or high sodium load did not modify glomerular filtration rate but reduced renal blood flow (16%; P<0.05). The vasoconstriction elicited by COX-2 inhibition was greater when NO production was inhibited because glomerular filtration rate decreased by >25% when nimesulide was administered to dogs with a reduced NO synthesis. During low sodium intake, COX-2 inhibition elicited a decrease (P<0.05) of both glomerular filtration rate (34%) and renal blood flow (31%). Sodium excretion only decreased (P<0.05) during the first day of COX-2 inhibition in dogs with normal or high sodium load. The increase in plasma potassium levels elicited by COX-2 inhibition was greater in dogs with low sodium intake and was enhanced when NO production was inhibited. This change in potassium was not secondary to a decrease in plasma aldosterone levels. The results of this study suggest that COX-2-derived metabolites (1) play a more important role in the long-term regulation of renal hemodynamic when sodium intake is low, (2) protect the renal vasculature from the vasoconstriction secondary to a reduction in NO, (3) are only acutely involved in regulating urinary sodium excretion, and (4) play a more important role in regulating plasma potassium concentration when NO synthesis is reduced.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Murcia, Spain.
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Roig
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Llinás
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: F Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Salazar
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D023421:Models, Animal; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000652:urine; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011453:Prostaglandins; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D013449:Sulfonamides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000450:Aldosterone; D012964:Sodium; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D012083:Renin; D011188:Potassium; C012655:nimesulide