title: The risk of the development of aortic stenosis in patients with "benign" aortic valve thickening.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aortic valve thickening (AVT) without aortic stenosis (AS) is common and was often considered benign. However, it has recently been found to be associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It is unknown whether patients with AVT are at risk for the development of AS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our echocardiography database from 1987 to 1993 was searched for cases of AVT with at least 1 year of echocardiographic follow-up. The risk of the development of AS was compared in patients with and without AVT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 2131 patients with AVT and at least 1 year of echocardiographic follow-up. Aortic stenosis developed in 338 patients (15.9%) (mild, 10.5%; moderate, 2.9%; and severe, 2.5%). Multivariate analysis, including age, left ventricular hypertrophy, and mitral annular calcification, revealed that only mitral annular calcification was independently and significantly associated with progression to AS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aortic valve thickening without stenosis is common, and it may progress to significant AS. It is possible that this development of AS may be responsible for some of the increased morbidity and mortality in patients with AVT.
authors.affiliation: Noninvasive Cardiology Laboratory, Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cosmi
authors.forename: Smadar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kort
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tunick
authors.forename: Barry P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Rosenzweig
authors.forename: Robin S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Freedberg
authors.forename: Edward S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Applebaum
authors.forename: Itzhak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kronzon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors