title: Heterogeneity of O(6)-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase activity in colorectal cancer: implications for treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  MGMT (O(6)-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase) reverses the carcinogenic, mutagenic and cytotoxic effects of alkylating agents. Measurement of MGMT activity in tumours might thus be of use in selecting those patients with colorectal cancer who may be sensitive to adjuvant alkylating agent therapy. The aim of this study was to assess whether measurement of MGMT activity in a single tumour biopsy is representative of the whole tumour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multiple symmetrically spaced biopsies were taken from colorectal cancers obtained from 9 patients. MGMT activity was then measured in cell-free extracts by quantifying the transfer of [(3)H]methyl group from calf thymus DNA methylated in vitro with N-nitroso-N-[(3)H]-methylurea to the MGMT protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MGMT activity was detected in all tumour samples with the activity ranging between 3.6 and 36.2 fmol/microg DNA and 202-1,986 fmol/mg protein. Heterogeneity in MGMT activity (ratio of maximum/minimum MGMT levels per tumour) varied between 1.3 and 5.4.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measurement of MGMT activity in a single biopsy is not necessarily indicative of the level throughout the tumour. The response of colorectal cancers to alkylating agent treatment is likely to be non-uniform both within the tumour and between patients.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK Carcinogenesis Group, Paterson Institute for Cancer Research, The University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Nicholas P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.forename: Kathryn L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: C Nicholas
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Povey
authors.forename: Geoffrey P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Margison
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019853:O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D019853:O(6)-Methylguanine-DNA Methyltransferase