title: In vitro responses to purified protein derivate of caprine T lymphocytes following vaccination with live strains of Mycobacterium avium subsp paratuberculosis.
abstract: Live attenuated vaccines provide protection against intestinal lesions in goats infected with Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis. To examine the role of different T lymphocyte subsets in the development of this protective immunity, CD4(+), CD8(+) and gamma delta T cell receptor (TCR)(+) cells from peripheral blood of goat kids vaccinated with live attenuated strains of M. a. paratuberculosis were studied. After in vitro stimulation with purified protein derivate, the expression of gamma-interferon (IFN-gamma) and the activation marker interleukin-2 receptor (IL-2R) was analysed by flow cytometry. A depletion experiment was performed, where the phenotypes and IL-2R expression was studied after stimulation of cultures depleted of a T lymphocyte subpopulation. Close to all of the IFN-gamma producing cells were of the CD4(+) subset, while only a small number were CD8(+) cells. The gamma delta TCR(+) cells were highly activated, but did not produce IFN-gamma after in vitro stimulation. Depletion of CD4(+) cells lead to a decrease in the percentage of total gamma delta TCR(+) cells and gamma delta TCR(+)IL2-R(+) cells. Removing the gamma delta TCR(+) cells increased the relative numbers of CD4(+), but not the CD4(+)IL-2R(+) cells. Insight into the in vitro recall responses of T cell subsets from animals vaccinated with live paratuberculosis vaccines is essential in the development of more efficient vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Food Hygiene, The Norwegian School of Veterinary Science, P O Box 8146 Dep, N-0033, Oslo, Norway. hege.hasvold@veths.no
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Hasvold
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valheim
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berntsen
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Storset
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006041:Goats / Q000276:immunology*; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D015415:Biomarkers; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D007371:Interferon-gamma