title: [Extraocular muscle surgery for thyroid associated ophthalmopathy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the indication, method and therapeutic results of extraocular muscle surgery for thyroid associated ophthalmopathy (TAO).
  
  
  METHODS
  The results of extraocular muscle surgery in 11 patients with TAO were analyzed. The main purpose of the surgery was to release the restriction induced by fibrotic extra-ocular muscles. Recession was used in most of the patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Different degrees of realignments were gained, and restricted ocular movements were improved in 11 patients postoperatively. Nine (9/11) patients restored binocular vision in functional positions of gaze. Better alignment was gained in 2-month-follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diplopia and restricted ocular movements are the main indications of extra-ocular muscle surgery in TAO. Timing of surgery is crucial, and it is better to be carried out when the disease has been stationary for 4 - 6 months. Under local anesthesia, the doctor can adjust the position of muscle to insure an excellent result. The extra-ocular muscular surgery for TAO is a good functional rehabilitative measure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China. lealk@263.net
authors.forename: Likun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Yuhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Di
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome