title: Solanum paniculatum L. (Jurubeba): potent inhibitor of gastric acid secretion in mice.
abstract: Solanum paniculatum L. is used commonly in Brazilian folk medicine for the treatment of liver and gastrointestinal disorders. The freeze-dried aqueous extracts (WEs) obtained from distinct parts of the plant (flowers, fruits, leaves, stems and roots) were tested to determine their antiulcer and antisecretory gastric acid activities using mice. The aqueous extracts of roots, stems and flowers inhibited gastric acid secretion in pylorus-ligated mice with ED50 values of 418, 777 and 820 mg/kg body wt. (i.d.), respectively. Extracts of leaves (0.5-2 g/kg body wt., i.d.) did not affect gastric secretion, whereas fruit extracts (0.5-2 g/kg body wt., i.d.) stimulated gastric acid secretion. The stimulatory effect of the fruit extract was inhibited by pretreatment with atropine (5 mg/kg body wt., i.m.) but not with ranitidine (80 mg/kg body wt., i.p.) suggesting that the fruit extract activates the muscarinic pathway of gastric acid secretion. In contrast, administration of the root extract into the duodenal lumen inhibited histamine- and bethanechol-induced gastric secretion in pylorus-ligated mice. In addition, the aqueous extract of roots (ED50 value, 1.2 g/kg body wt., p.o.) protected the animals against production of gastric lesions subsequent to the hypersecretion induced in mice by stress following cold restraint. This effect was not reproduced when the lesions were induced by blockade of prostaglandins synthesis via subcutaneous injection of indomethacin. Thus, antiulcer activity of the plant extracts appears to be related directly to a potent anti-secretory activity. No toxic signs were observed following administration of different extracts up to 2 g/kg body wt., p.o. Collectively, the results validate folk use of Solanum paniculatum L. plant to treat gastric disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil. smvela@eohsi.rutgers.edu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mesia-Vela
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Souccar
authors.forename: M T R
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Lima-Landman
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lapa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D011708:Pylorus / Q000601:surgery; D032322:Solanum; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts