ASHRAE Standard 62: tobacco industry's influence over national ventilation standards.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the role of the tobacco industry in the development of ventilation standards for indoor air quality by influencing the American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE).


METHODS
Review of tobacco industry documents available on the internet between January 2001 and March 2002. Search terms included "ASHRAE", "ventilation", "minutes", "memo", and the names of key players and organisations as identified in the initial searches. Analysis of ASHRAE and other relevant documents publicly available and the personal files of a Standard 62 committee member; interviews of a selected number of ASHRAE players; observation of an ASHRAE meeting.


RESULTS
The tobacco industry has been involved in the development of ventilation standards for over 20 years. It has successfully influenced the standard and continues to attempt to change the standard from a smoke-free framework into an "accommodation" framework. The industry acts directly and through consultants and allies. The major health groups have been largely absent and the health interests have been poorly represented in standard development. While concentrated in the USA, ASHRAE standards are adopted worldwide.


CONCLUSIONS
The tobacco industry determined that allowing smoking in ventilation standards for indoor air quality was a high priority and dedicated significant human and financial resources to ensure that its interests were represented. The health groups, until recently, have largely ignored the policy implications for tobacco control of standard development. This situation is changing, but unless health groups maintain high visibility within ASHRAE, the tobacco industry may succeed in creating a standard that ignores the dangers of secondhand smoke.
Bialous
S Aguinaga
SA
Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, Cardiovascular Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
Glantz
S A
SA
D000389:Air Conditioning / Q000592:standards*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012015:Reference Standards; D019460:Tobacco Industry / Q000592:standards*; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014481:United States; D014691:Ventilation / Q000592:standards*
D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution