[Imaging of adrenal glands--overview and examination techniques].
Imaging methods used in the diagnosis and differentiation of adrenal lesions are presented. For this purpose ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging are employed. Ultrasound, because of its availability, allows the diagnosis of large number of adrenal tumors. Its usefulness is limited by difficulties in the diagnosis of small tumors and characterization of visualized lesions. Computed tomography is a primary method, performed without the administration of contrast. It allows the diagnosis of 95% of adrenal lesions and permits to characterize majority of them. Magnetic resonance has similar to CT accuracy of diagnosis and characterization of adrenal tumors similar to CT. Scintigraphy of adrenal cortex has not yet gained wide acceptance. Scintigraphic examination with MIBG is performed to search for extraadrenal sites of pheochromocytoma. Adrenal biopsy is indicated occasionally in patients with neoplastic disease and adrenal tumor, not characterized by CT and MRI.
Cieszanowski
Andrzej
A
II Zakładu Radiologii Klinicznej Akademii Medycznej w Warszawie. acieszan@amwaw.edu.pl
Dukaczewska
Magdalena
M
D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods