title: An alternative method to reduce polymerization shrinkage in direct posterior composite restorations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymerization shrinkage is one of dental clinicians' main concerns when placing direct, posterior, resin-based composite restorations. Evolving improvements associated with resin-based composite materials, dental adhesives, filling techniques and light curing have improved their predictability, but shrinkage problems remain.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors propose restoring enamel and dentin as two different substrates and describe new techniques for placing direct, posterior, resin-based composite restorations. These techniques use flowable and microhybrid resin-based composites that are polymerized with a progressive curing technique to restore dentin, as well as a microhybrid composite polymerized with a pulse-curing technique to restore enamel. Combined with an oblique, successive cusp buildup method, these techniques can minimize polymerization shrinkage greatly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Selection and appropriate use of materials, better placement techniques and control polymerization shrinkage may result in more predictable and esthetic Class II resin-based composite restorations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By using the techniques discussed by the authors, clinicians can reduce enamel microcracks and substantially improve the adaptation of resin-based composite to deep dentin. As a consequence, marginal discoloration, recurrent caries and postoperative sensitivity can be reduced, and longevity of these restorations potentially can be improved.
authors.affiliation: Tufts University School of Dental Medicine, Boston, USA. sdeliperi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deliperi
authors.forename: David N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Bardwell
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000293:Adolescent; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000628:therapy; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000145:classification; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003775:Dental Polishing; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000145:classification / Q000379:methods; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008434:Matrix Bands; D008963:Molar; D011108:Polymers; D016733:Rubber Dams; D013499:Surface Properties; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D011108:Polymers; C111840:flowable hybrid composite