title: Recognition of secretory proteins in Escherichia coli requires signals in addition to the signal sequence and slow folding.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Sec-dependent protein export apparatus of Escherichia coli is very efficient at correctly identifying proteins to be exported from the cytoplasm. Even bacterial strains that carry prl mutations, which allow export of signal sequence-defective precursors, accurately differentiate between cytoplasmic and mutant secretory proteins. It was proposed previously that the basis for this precise discrimination is the slow folding rate of secretory proteins, resulting in binding by the secretory chaperone, SecB, and subsequent targeting to translocase. Based on this proposal, we hypothesized that a cytoplasmic protein containing a mutation that slows its rate of folding would be recognized by SecB and therefore targeted to the Sec pathway. In a Prl suppressor strain the mutant protein would be exported to the periplasm due to loss of ability to reject non-secretory proteins from the pathway.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the current work, we tested this hypothesis using a mutant form of lambda repressor that folds slowly. No export of the mutant protein was observed, even in a prl strain. We then examined binding of the mutant lambda repressor to SecB. We did not observe interaction by either of two assays, indicating that slow folding is not sufficient for SecB binding and targeting to translocase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results strongly suggest that to be targeted to the export pathway, secretory proteins contain signals in addition to the canonical signal sequence and the rate of folding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Grand Forks, ND 58202-9037, USA. ipsita123@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Ipsita
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mallik
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Flower
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D017510:Protein Folding; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals / Q000235:genetics*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014764:Viral Proteins; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C057842:SecB protein, Bacteria; D014764:Viral Proteins; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; C016649:phage repressor proteins; D010450:Endopeptidases