title: [Comparative study of prognostic and risk factors for mortality in polymicrobial bacteremia-fungemia in a university hospital: development over 10 years].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Eighty-two episodes of polymicrobial bacteremia in two time periods, 1986-87 and 1996-97, were compared to assess differences in risk factors and outcome to mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, concurrent, anterograde study with univariate analysis of all episodes of polymicrobial bacteremia was performed in Hospital de la Princesa. Logistic regression analysis was applied to all significant variables (p < 0.05) in the univariate analysis in either of the two time periods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Variables showing statistically significant differences in incidence between the two time periods included the following: hospital acquired bacteremia; previous use of antibiotics; genitourinary, respiratory and cardiovascular manipulations; septic metastases; and absence of leukocytosis. These factors were more frequently present during 1986-87 than during 1996-97. The overall RR of outcome to mortality was five-fold greater during the first period than the second: RR 5.6 (CI 1.76-17.56) p < 0.001. The clinical characteristics at the onset of bacteremia associated with mortality in the first period were: underlying disease - < RR 2.20 (CI 1.18-4.08), steroid treatment - < RR 4.24 (CI 0.68-26.59), hypotension - < RR 2.05 (CI 1.0-4.17), and disseminated intravascular coagulation - < RR 2.31 (CI 1.69-3.35). Clinical characteristics at the onset of bacteremia associated with mortality in the second period were: hypotension - < RR 1.44 (CI 1.01-2.08), underlying disease - < RR 1.16 (CI 1.02-1.34), and disseminated intravascular coagulation - < RR 6.40 (CI 1.15-35.69). The variables independently associated with mortality in polymicrobial bacteremia were: period - < RR 2.05 (CI 1.50-2.10), underlying disease - < RR 7.05 (CI 2.68-7.50), hypotension - < RR 7.06 (CI 3.80-7.29), and (probably) vascular manipulations - < RR 3.41 (CI 0.85-4.53).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymicrobial bacteremia-associated mortality was five-fold greater in 1986-87 than in 1996-97. The variables independently associated with mortality risk were underlying disease, hypotension, the period studied (which would include a number of variables not analyzed in this work) and, probably, vascular manipulations.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna-Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario de La Princesa. Madrid. España. chruiz@terra.es
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Giardín
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Noguerado
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pizarro
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Méndez
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: La Hulla
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: San Martín
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Salvanes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000401:mortality*; D002648:Child; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000401:mortality*; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D004211:Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / Q000453:epidemiology; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D016469:Fungemia / Q000401:mortality*; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity / Q000639:trends; D011379:Prognosis; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents