title: Female investment is retarded pending reception of allosperm in a hermaphroditic colonial invertebrate.
abstract: Young colonies of the bryozoan Celleporella hyalina are capable of acquiring water-borne allosperm and of using it to fertilize ova for a period of 3-6 weeks after reaching female sexual maturity. In these simultaneous hermaphrodites, early allocation to female modules, but not male, is greatly enhanced by the acquisition of allosperm. The degree of enhancement is inversely proportional to coancestry of the recipient and donor colonies, thus promoting outcrossing. This apparently novel mechanism of adjusting operational sex ratio depends on the uptake and storage of sperm by nonreproductive (somatic) modules and subsequent translocation to females.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Roger N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Patricio H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Manriquez
authors.forename: John D D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bishop
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002013:Bryozoa / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012098:Reproduction; D013094:Spermatozoa