title: Vacuum cleaning does not sufficiently reduce mite allergens from beddings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Conflicting results exist with regard to the efficacy of vacuum cleaners on the removal of mite allergens from bedding.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The authors prospectively compared a short term efficacy of two types of regular vacuum cleaners (National-N and Hoover-H) with a specialized cleaner (Vorwerk-V) in the removal of mite allergens from mattresses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five dormitory beds with high mite allergen concentrations at the baseline period (month 0) were selected. They were matched into three groups according to group I mite allergen concentrations (N 11 beds, H 12 beds, V 12 beds). Vacuuming was performed on months 1 and 4 by the assigned vacuum cleaner in each group. Immediately after, mattresses were vacuumed by a reference cleaner (another National vacuum cleaner) at both months. Vacuuming was performed over the entire bed for 2 minutes/square meter. Group I mite allergens (sums of Der p 1 and Der f 1) were measured; concentrations and total mite allergens removed by the tested cleaners as well as by the reference cleaner, at various time points, were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ability to remove mite allergens by vacuum cleaners depends on weight of dust removed and also on mite concentrations in the dust samples. Despite the fact that H and V appeared to remove higher mite allergens than N, such differences were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), both at month 1, and 4. Surprisingly, mattress mite concentrations removed by both high capacity cleaner groups (V & H) increased at month 4, whereas, it remained unchanged in the third group (N). This increase led to a concomitant increase in total allergen removed by V and H. Nevertheless, remaining total allergens in the mattresses in V and H, as judged from the amount of allergens obtained by the reference cleaner, increased at month 1 and 4 compared to baseline values (p < 0.05), whereas, no change was observed in N.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although high capacity vacuum cleaners removed a large amount of mite allergens from mattresses, they did not sufficiently reduce mattress mite allergen burden as determined by the reference cleaner during this short term study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Pakit
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vichyanond
authors.forename: Nualanong
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Visitsuntorn
authors.forename: Sirirut
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruengruk
authors.forename: Nat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Malainual
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001512:Bedding and Linens; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006794:Household Articles; D006796:Household Work / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008925:Mites; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens