title: Endoscopic ultrasound and endoscopic mucosal resection for rectal cancers and villous adenomas.
abstract: EUS is the most accurate tool for local staging of rectal carcinoma. In addition to providing accurate T- and N-stages, EUS allows assessment of the internal and external anal sphincters. Accurate endosonographic staging directs the optimal method of management of rectal carcinoma, type of resection, and candidacy for neoadjuvant therapy. EMR may be applied to large rectal adenomas as an alternative to surgical resection in selected patients. EUS is important in discriminating lesions suitable for EMR.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania Medical School, 3 Ravdin, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Nuzhat A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kochman
authors.forename: Gregory G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D019160:Endosonography; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed