Facial pain, depression and stress - connections and directions.
Chronic facial pain is associated with depression, stress and other chronic pain disorders such as fibromyalgia. There is growing evidence that all these conditions share underlying pathophysiological processes. This review explores this relationship and examines the role of the main stress hormone axis, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, in the pathogenesis of facial pain including possible future therapeutic approaches.
Korszun
Ania
A
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK. korszun@cf.ac.uk
D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000502:physiology; D008016:Life Change Events; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000502:physiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology
D006854:Hydrocortisone