title: Postoperative analgesia by femoral nerve block with ropivacaine 0.2% after major knee surgery: continuous versus patient-controlled techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective study compared the efficacy and adverse effects after knee surgery of ropivacaine 0.2% administered as patient-controlled femoral analgesia (PCFA), as a continuous femoral infusion (Inf), or as both (PCFA+Inf).
  
  
  METHODS
  Before general anesthesia, 140 adults scheduled to undergo major knee surgery received a sciatic/fascia iliaca nerve block with 0.75% ropivacaine (40 mL). After surgery, they were randomly assigned to receive, through the femoral catheter, an infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine administered as PCFA (boluses of 10 mL with a lockout time of 60 minutes), Inf (10 mL/h), or PCFA + Inf (5 mL/h plus boluses of 5 mL with a lockout time of 60 minutes). Pain was assessed at rest, on mobilization, and during physiotherapy using a visual analog scale (VAS). Additional use of intravenous (IV) analgesics was noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in all 3 groups experienced similar pain relief at rest, on mobilization, and after physiotherapy (P >.05). Additional use of analgesics and overall patient satisfaction (excellent or good in 80% of cases) were also similar in all groups. However, total postoperative ropivacaine consumption was lower in the PCFA group, 150 mL/48 h (90.5 to 210); than in the Inf group, 480 mL/48 h (478 to 480); and the PCFA + Inf group, 310 mL/48 h (280 to 340) (P <.05). Adverse events were similar in all 3 groups (hypotension, vomiting, insomnia). No paresthesia or motor block were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All 3 strategies provided effective pain relief. PCFA resulted in a lower consumption of ropivacaine (toxic and financial impact). PCFA + Inf does not improve postoperative analgesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, DAR B, Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: Jean Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Eledjam
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cuvillon
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Capdevila
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Macaire
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Serri
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaertner
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jochum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000577:Amides; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled / Q000379:methods*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005267:Femoral Nerve; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000077212:Ropivacaine