title: Temporary closure of the abdominal wall (laparostomy).
abstract: The definitive closure of the abdominal wall, i.e., a closure of the fascial layer and skin may not be favorable in the treatment of numerous surgical conditions, e.g., peritonitis, trauma, or mesenteric ischemia. In these cases, the abdominal wall is temporarily closed, and a laparostomy is created to facilitate re-exploration or to prevent abdominal compartment syndrome. Regarding the technique and material used for the temporary closure, no prospective randomized data exists, but mesh materials are commonly used. They provide drainage of infectious material, permit visual control of the underlying viscera, facilitate access to the abdominal wall, preserve the fascial margin, enable healing by secondary intention, and allow mobilization of the patient. In the case of decreasing intra-abdominal pressure, meshes can be trimmed to centralize the rectus muscle and to facilitate definitive closure. Non-absorbable meshes have been frequently reported to cause enteric fistulae and persistent infection necessitating mesh explantation. While these infectious complications appear to occur less frequently with the use of absorbable materials, these meshes will finally lead to an incisional hernia, requiring repair with non-absorbable mesh after a period of 6-12 months. Nevertheless, in the complex situation requiring a temporary abdominal wall closure, use of absorbable mesh material is common and represents the state of the art.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Rhenish Westphalian Technical University, Pauwelsstr 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany. Alexander.Schachtrupp@post.rwth-aachen.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schachtrupp
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fackeldey
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Klinge
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tittel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toens
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schumpelick
mesh_terms: D034841:Abdominal Cavity / Q000503:physiopathology; D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000601:surgery*; D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000071938:Fasciotomy; D006555:Hernia, Ventral / Q000601:surgery; D007813:Laparotomy; D009779:Occlusive Dressings; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011312:Pressure; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D013526:Surgical Mesh; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: C027324:Opsiture; D011140:Polyurethanes