title: Systemic air embolism after intercostal chest drain insertion and positive pressure ventilation in chest trauma.
abstract: Systemic air embolism is a potentially lethal often unrecognised complication of severe chest trauma. We present a case of delayed diagnosis of cerebral air embolism in a patient with severe thoracic trauma. The initiation of positive pressure ventilation, systemic hypotension, intraparenchymal chest drains and aerial transfer to an intensive care unit were all factors contributing to the development of systemic air embolism. The common clinical features, diagnostic tests and management of systemic air emboli are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Royal Perth Hospital, Western Australia.
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Brownlow
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Edibam
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000328:Adult; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D015505:Chest Tubes / Q000009:adverse effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D004618:Embolism, Air / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D008297:Male; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013898:Thoracic Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome