Adaptive changes in adipocyte gene expression differ in AKR/J and SWR/J mice during diet-induced obesity.
Obesity-prone (AKR/J) and obesity-resistant (SWR/J) mice were weaned onto low (LF) or high fat (HF) diets to identify adaptive changes in adipocyte gene expression that are associated with differences between the strains in fat deposition. Food consumption was monitored at weekly intervals and all mice were evaluated after consuming their respective diets for 4 wk for analysis of mRNA levels of selected metabolic genes. Despite similar food consumption, body weight and fat deposition were significantly greater in AKR/J than in SWR/J mice, and this difference was greatly accentuated by the HF diet. The HF diet produced distinct differences between strains in gene expression patterns among fat depots. In AKR/J mice, UCP1 mRNA was decreased 10-fold in interscapular brown adipose tissue (BAT) and four- to fivefold in retroperitoneal and inguinal white adipose tissue (WAT). The HF diet also decreased PGC-1 and beta(3)-adrenergic receptor mRNA by two- and ninefold in BAT from AKR/J mice. In contrast, the HF diet either increased uncoupling protein (UCP)1 in BAT or had no effect on expression of these genes in adipose tissues from SWR/J mice. UCP2 mRNA was fourfold higher in WAT from AKR/J compared with SWR/J mice and increased by an additional twofold in WAT from AKR/J mice fed the HF diet. UCP2 was unaffected by diet in SWR/J mice. These studies show that the diet-induced obesity of AKR/J mice is characterized by increased metabolic efficiency and is associated with changes in adipocyte gene expression that limit the adaptive thermogenic response to increased energy density.
Prpic
Veronica
V
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Watson
Patricia M
PM
Frampton
Isabell C
IC
Sabol
Mark A
MA
Jezek
G Eric
GE
Gettys
Thomas W
TW
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002001:Adipose Tissue, Brown / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004435:Eating; D002149:Energy Intake; D015870:Gene Expression; D007473:Ion Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008806:Mice, Inbred AKR; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000235:genetics; D013045:Species Specificity; D022722:Thermogenesis; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D015430:Weight Gain
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007473:Ion Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; C000604372:Ucp1 protein, mouse; C000604390:Ucp2 protein, mouse; D000071256:Uncoupling Protein 1; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2