title: Fluoride uptake by glass ionomer cements: a surface analysis approach.
abstract: Despite extensive research, the mechanism by which glass ionomer cements take up fluoride ions from solution remains unclear. To date, the majority of studies have concentrated on measuring the removal of ions from solution. In this study, we demonstrate the application of X-ray photoemission spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectrometry to the surface analysis of the cements, after the introduction of fluoride either by doping or by immersion. Fluoride ion uptake from potassium fluoride solution is correlated with the formation of a surface layer which is rich in calcium as well as fluoride.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, The Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, University College London, 256, Gray's Inn Road, London WC1X 8LD, UK. f.jones@eastman.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: F H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hutton
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hadley
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Eccles
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Billington
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Pearson
mesh_terms: D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D012996:Solutions; D018629:Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D012996:Solutions; D005459:Fluorides