title: Effect of glucosamine on interleukin-1-conditioned articular cartilage.
abstract: Glucosamine inhibits recombinant human interleukin-1 stimulated cartilage degradation in equine cartilage explants. Recently, recombinant equine interleukin-1 has been cloned and purified. Therefore, the objective of this study was to characterise the effects of glucosamine on indices of cartilage degradation in recombinant equine IL-1beta-stimulated equine articular cartilage explants. Cartilage discs were harvested from the weight-bearing region of the articular surface of the antebrachiocarpal and middle carpal joints of horses (age 2-8 years) and cultured under standard conditions. Explants were exposed to recombinant equine interleukin-1beta (reIL-1beta) on Days 1-4 in the presence or absence of glucosamine (0.25, 2.5 or 25 mg/ml), with appropriate controls. Nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, sulphated proteoglycan, stromelysin and gelatinase/collagenase activity released into conditioned media and total tissue proteoglycan content were measured as indicators of cartilage catabolism. Glucosamine inhibited cartilage catabolic responses in a dose dependent manner that was statistically significant at a dose of 0.25 mg/ml for stromelysin activity and 2.5 mg/ml for collagenase/gelatinase activity. At 25 mg/ml glucosamine also prevented IL-1beta-induced increases in nitric oxide production, prostaglandin E2 and proteoglycan release to media. Glucosamine prevents equine articular cartilage degradation experimentally induced by reIL-1beta in vitro. These data provide further support for the use of glucosamine in treatment or prevention of cartilage loss in athletic horses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Fenton
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Chlebek-Brown
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Caron
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Orth
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006736:Horses; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D005944:Glucosamine