title: Ribonuclease activity and RNA binding of recombinant human Dicer.
abstract: RNA silencing phenomena, known as post-transcriptional gene silencing in plants, quelling in fungi, and RNA interference (RNAi) in animals, are mediated by double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) and mechanistically intersect at the ribonuclease Dicer. Here, we report cloning and expression of the 218 kDa human Dicer, and characterization of its ribonuclease activity and dsRNA-binding properties. The recombinant enzyme generated approximately 21-23 nucleotide products from dsRNA. Processing of the microRNA let-7 precursor by Dicer produced an apparently mature let-7 RNA. Mg(2+) was required for dsRNase activity, but not for dsRNA binding, thereby uncoupling these reaction steps. ATP was dispensable for dsRNase activity in vitro. The Dicer.dsRNA complex formed at high KCl concentrations was catalytically inactive, suggesting that ionic interactions are involved in dsRNA cleavage. The putative dsRNA-binding domain located at the C-terminus of Dicer was demonstrated to bind dsRNA in vitro. Human Dicer expressed in mammalian cells colocalized with calreticulin, a resident protein of the endoplasmic reticulum. Availability of the recombinant Dicer protein will help improve our understanding of RNA silencing and other Dicer-related processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, Scheeles väg 2, Stockholm, S-171 77, Sweden. patrick.provost@crchul.ulaval.ca
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Provost
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dishart
authors.forename: Johanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doucet
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frendewey
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Samuelsson
authors.forename: Olof
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rådmark
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015342:DNA Probes; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D011485:Protein Binding; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D043244:Ribonuclease III; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015342:DNA Probes; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004722:Endoribonucleases; D012260:Ribonucleases; D043244:Ribonuclease III