title: Eight-year follow-up study of brain atrophy in patients with MS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize whole-brain atrophy in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients over an 8-year period. The specific goals of this study were to determine if brain atrophy is related to subsequent disability status and to identify MRI correlates of atrophy progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  A follow-up study was conducted to reassess patients from a phase III trial of interferon beta-1a (IFNbeta-1a) 8 years after randomization. Clinical and MRI data from 172 patients followed over 2 years in the original trial were used as baseline data. Follow-up data were obtained on 160 patients, including 134 patients with follow-up MRI examinations. Brain atrophy was estimated by automated calculation of brain parenchymal fraction. The relation between atrophy during the original trial and disability status at follow-up was determined. Correlations were also determined between lesion measurements from the original trial and the brain parenchymal fraction at follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Brain atrophy was correlated with subsequent disability status. Atrophy rate during the original trial was the most significant MRI predictor of disability status at follow-up. Brain atrophy at follow-up was related to lesion volumes measured during the original trial.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relation between atrophy progression and subsequent neurologic disability status suggests that atrophy progression during RRMS is clinically relevant. Therefore, atrophy progression may be a useful marker for disease progression in clinical trials. The relation between lesions and subsequent atrophy indicates that brain atrophy may be related to focal tissue damage at earlier points in time, but important predisposing or other factors contributing to atrophy remain undefined.
authors.affiliation: Whitaker Biomedical Imaging Laboratory, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA. fisher@bme.ri.ccf.org
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rudick
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cutter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baier
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weinstock-Guttman
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Mass
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Dougherty
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Simonian
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000328:Adult; D001284:Atrophy; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016015:Logistic Models; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016899:Interferon-beta; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a