Transferable plasmid mediating resistance to multiple antimicrobial agents in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Greece.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the underlying resistance mechanisms in 10 Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates.


METHODS
Ten K. pneumoniae strains according to distinct bacteriocin typing and REP-PCR, were examined for their plasmid content, their ability to transfer their resistance to aminoglycosides and third-generation cephalosporins, and their production of aminoglycoside-modifying enzymes and beta-lactamases.


RESULTS
Transfer of resistance to the above-mentioned antibiotics as well as to co-trimoxazole and tetracycline in Escherichia coli strain RC 85 at a frequency of 5-106 was achieved for all strains by conjugation. Similar strains harbor a self-transferable multiresistant plasmid (80 kb) with similar EcoRI and HindIII restriction patterns. This plasmid encodes an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase which confers high-level resistance to third-generation cephalosporins and aztreonam. It produces SHV-5 beta-lactamase, as demonstrated by isoelectric focusing and DNA sequencing. Aminoglycoside resistance was co-transferred, and AAC(6')-I, mediating resistance to gentamicin, tobramycin, netilmicin and amikacin, and AAC(3)-I, mediating resistance to gentamicin and sisomycin, were encoded in all isolates and their transconjugants, while APH(3')-I, mediating resistance to kanamycin and neomycin, was encoded in seven strains.


CONCLUSIONS
It appears that a multiresistant transferable plasmid encoding the SHV-5 beta-lactamase, causing unusually high resistance to ceftazidime and aztreonam, and the combination AAC(6')-I + AAC(3)-I of acetylating enzymes causing, also resistance to all clinically available aminoglycosides, is established in K. pneumoniae in Greece.
Galani
I
I
4th Department of Internal Medicine, Molecular Biology Section, University of Athens Medical School, Athens, Greece.
Xirouchaki
E
E
Kanellakopoulou
K
K
Petrikkos
G
G
Giamarellou
H
H
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003428:Cross Infection; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D006115:Greece; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010957:Plasmids
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents