Systemic toxicity and cardiotoxicity from local anesthetics: incidence and preventive measures.
Mulroy
Michael F
MF
Department of Anesthesiology, Virginia Mason Medical Center, Seattle, Washington, USA.
D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000009:adverse effects; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D017751:Safety Management; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control
D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D002045:Bupivacaine