title: Prolonged bottle use and its association with iron deficiency anemia and overweight: a preliminary study.
abstract: To determine the prevalence of prolonged bottle feeding practices in young children, and its association with body mass index (BMI) and iron deficiency anemia (IDA), we conducted a cross-sectional survey study at 3 Bronx, NY, WIC sites. Caregivers of 95 predominantly Hispanic and African-American WIC-enrolled children aged 18-56 months presenting for recertification completed questionnaires. Half were overweight (>85th% BMI) and 36% were obese (>95th% BMI); 21% met CDC criteria for anemia. Two thirds (63%) received daily bottles of milk or sweet liquids. Daily bottle use ranged from 3 to 10 (mean=3.3, median=3). Bottle use was significantly associated with obesity (>95th% BMI, p<0.0005), not significant with overweight (>85th% BMI, p<0.06) and statistically significant with IDA.
authors.forename: Karen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Bonuck
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kahn
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001903:Bottle Feeding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D008297:Male; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011203:Poverty; D012307:Risk Factors; D012946:Social Welfare; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology