Dietary conjugated linoleic acid reduces body fat mass and affects gene expression of proteins regulating energy metabolism in mice.
ICR and C57BL/6J mice were fed experimental diets containing either a 2% fatty acid preparation rich in conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) or a preparation rich in linoleic acid and free of CLA for 21 days. CLA greatly decreased weights of white adipose tissue and interscapular brown adipose tissue in the two strains. CLA reduced mRNA levels of glucose transporter 4 (Glut 4) in white and brown adipose tissue of both strains. A CLA-dependent decrease in mRNA levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR) gamma was seen in interscapular brown adipose tissue of both strains and in white adipose tissue of C57BL/6J but not ICR mice. Dietary CLA was found to cause a decrease in the mRNA levels of uncoupling protein (UCP) 1 in brown adipose tissue when the value was corrected for the expression of a house-keeping gene (beta-actin) in the two strains. Uncorrected values were, however, indistinguishable between the animals fed the CLA diet and CLA-free diet. UCP 3 expression in brown adipose tissue was much lower in mice fed the CLA diet than in those fed the control diet in both strains. In contrast, CLA greatly up-regulated the gene expression of UCP 2 in brown adipose tissue. Dietary CLA also increased UCP 2 mRNA level in skeletal muscle. It is apparent that dietary CLA decreases white and brown adipose tissue mass, accompanying changes in the gene expression of proteins regulating energy metabolism in white and brown adipose tissues, and skeletal muscle of mice.
Takahashi
Yoko
Y
Division of Food Functionality, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan.
Kushiro
Masayo
M
Shinohara
Kazuki
K
Ide
Takashi
T
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D004041:Dietary Fats; D008055:Lipids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019787:Linoleic Acid