title: Medical and surgical treatment of pyothorax in dogs: 26 cases (1991-2001).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare outcomes of dogs with pyothorax treated medically versus surgically and to identify prognostic indicators for dogs with pyothorax.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  26 dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records were reviewed to obtain information regarding signalment, results of physical and laboratory evaluations at the time of initial examination, results of bacterial culture of pleural fluid, radiographic abnormalities, treatment (surgical vs medical), complications, whether the disease recurred, disease-free interval, survival time, and cause of death.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Calculated proportions of dogs free from disease 1 year after treatment were 25 and 78%, respectively, for dogs treated medically and surgically. Treatment was 5.4 times as likely to fail in dogs treated medically as in dogs treated surgically. Two regression models relating treatment group (medical vs surgical) to disease-free interval were found to be significant. The first contained terms for medical treatment and isolation of Actinomyces spp from pleural fluid; the second contained terms for medical treatment and radiographic detection of mediastinal or pulmonary lesions at the time of initial examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that surgical treatment is associated with a better outcome than medical treatment in dogs with pyothorax. In addition, surgery should be considered if radiographic evidence of mediastinal or pulmonary lesions is detected or if Actinomyces spp is isolated from the pleural fluid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins 80523, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Monnet
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D016724:Empyema, Pleural / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents