VCAM-1 signals during lymphocyte migration: role of reactive oxygen species.
Vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) regulates leukocyte migration from the blood into tissues. VCAM-1 expression is induced on endothelial cells during inflammatory bowel disease, atherosclerosis, allograft rejection, infection, and asthmatic responses. During these responses, VCAM-1 forms a scaffold for leukocyte migration. VCAM-1 also activates signals within endothelial cells resulting in the opening of an "endothelial cell gate" through which leukocytes migrate. Immediately following this migration, the endothelial cell-endothelial cell contact is re-established. VCAM-1 outside-in signals are mediated by NADPH oxidase production of reactive oxygen species and subsequently activation of matrix metalloproteinases. These signals are required for endothelial cell shape changes and leukocyte migration. In addition, VCAM-1-activated signals in endothelial cells are regulated by cytokines indicating that it is important to consider both endothelial cell adhesion molecule expression and function during inflammatory processes.
Cook-Mills
Joan M
JM
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Department, University of Cincinnati, 231 Albert Sabin Way, ML 529, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA. joan.cook@uc.edu
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*
D000199:Actins; D016207:Cytokines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases