title: Circulating procalcitonin and cleavage products in septicaemia compared with medullary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Raised plasma levels of procalcitonin (proCT) represent an early marker for septicaemia. They are related to disease severity and inversely to outcome and response to treatment. ProCT is presumably synthesised in tIssues other than the thyroid C-cells which are the source of calcitonin (CT) in normal physiology. This study compares proCT and its cleavage products in the serum of patients with septicaemia with those in medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunoreactive proCT and its cleavage products were extracted from the serum of patients with septicaemia or MTC using octadecylsilyl silica columns and characterised by reversed phase HPLC and Western blot analysis. ProCT, CT(1-32) and the flanking peptides PAS-57 and PDN-21 were recognised with antibodies specific for the individual peptides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ProCT and a 10 kDa polypeptide were recognised with antibodies to PAS-57, CT(1-32) and PDN-21. An 8 kDa proCT fragment was detected with antibodies to CT and PDN-21. However, intact CT(1-32), PAS-57 and PDN-21, found in the serum of MTC patients, were undetectable. The results indicate partial cleavage of proCT in septicaemia different from that in MTC patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ProCT and 10 and 8 kDa proCT fragments were recognised in the circulation of septic patients. They were different from the known proCT-processing products PAS-57, CT(1-32) and PDN-21 identified in the serum of normal subjects and of MTC patients. Distinct cleavage of proCT may contribute to the symptoms of septicaemia.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Calcium Metabolism, Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery and Medicine, University of Zurich, Klinik Balgrist, Forchstrasse 340, CH-8008 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ittner
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Born
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rau
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Steinbach
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood*; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000097:blood*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: C000606589:CALCA protein, human; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011498:Protein Precursors; D002116:Calcitonin; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide