title: Hand-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy: an alternative minimal invasive surgical technique for the adrenal gland.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Presently the surgical approach to the adrenal gland is in a state of flux. While the traditional approach to the adrenal gland has been the open transabdominal technique, more recently laparoscopic approaches, particularly via the transabdominal route, have increasingly been utilized. However, laparoscopic intervention for the adrenal gland can be problematic in certain circumstances, particularly for large adrenal masses and in instances of adrenal malignancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this report we describe the use of hand-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy as an alternative minimal invasive surgical approach to the adrenal gland. Hand-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy using the HandPort system (Smith & Nephew, Sydney, Australia) was undertaken in three patients requiring adrenalectomy for mass lesions including one patient with Conn's syndrome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all three cases, surgery proceeded promptly and uneventfully. In the present paper, the details of the technique of hand-assisted adrenalectomy are described. This is the first report in the world literature of this new technique for the adrenal gland.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hand-assisted laparoscopic adrenalectomy is an easily performed technique, which can be completed within a short operative time span and which has the advantage of providing intraoperative tactile localization for the adrenal gland. It may be particularly applicable for large adrenal tumours, yet only involves the performance of a small abdominal incision. Postoperative recovery is comparable with that reported for the laparoscopic-only technique. Hand-assisted adrenalectomy is a new technique which has great potential and which warrants further evaluation.
authors.affiliation: University of Queensland Department of Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Queensland, Australia. icben@bigpond.com
authors.forename: Ian C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ray
mesh_terms: D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D000315:Adrenalectomy / Q000379:methods*; D018246:Adrenocortical Adenoma / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006929:Hyperaldosteronism / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures