title: GnRH-immunoreactive fiber changes with unilateral amygdala-kindled seizures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether unilateral amygdala seizures are associated with a change in the number and lateral distribution of gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)-staining fibers in the ventromedial hypothalamus of female rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study compared three groups of female rats: (1) amygdala seizures induced by focal injection of kainic acid (KA); (2) saline injected controls; and (3) nai;ve controls. The animals were sacrificed at 4 weeks in the diestrus phase. GnRH fibers were counted in the ventromedial hypothalamus and compared among groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GnRH fiber counts were significantly lower in KA than saline and nai;ve animals ipsilaterally but not contralaterally.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This finding may support a potential mechanism by which (1) temporolimbic epilepsy may promote the development of reproductive endocrine disorders and (2) the laterality of the epilepsy may influence the particular nature of the reproductive endocrine disorder.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Neuroendocrine Unit, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Geula
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Herzog
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D007033:Hypothalamus, Middle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D007608:Kainic Acid