title: Effect of postpartum manual examination of the vagina on uterine bacterial contamination in cows.
abstract: Twenty-one days after they had calved, the vaginas of 34 cows were examined with a clean gloved hand, and 26 cows were left unexamined. Swabs were collected from the lumen of the uterine body of the cows on the same day and seven days later; bacteria were identified by aerobic and anaerobic culture, and bacterial growth was scored semi-quantitatively. On the same days, blood samples were collected and the concentrations of acute phase proteins were measured, and the diameters of the cows' uterine horns were measured by transrectal ultrasonography. The vaginal examinations did not result in uterine bacterial contamination or an acute phase protein response, and they did not affect the diameters of the uterine horns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Farm Animal and Equine Medicine and Surgery, Royal Veterinary College, North Mymms, Hatfield.
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Sheldon
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Noakes
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Rycroft
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dobson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000662:veterinary; D049590:Postpartum Period; D011247:Pregnancy; D013048:Specimen Handling; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D014621:Vagina / Q000473:pathology*