The importance of maximal airway response to methacholine in the prediction of wheezing development in patients with cough-variant asthma.
BACKGROUND
A significant proportion of patients diagnosed with cough-variant asthma eventually manifest classic asthma signs, such as wheezing and dyspnea. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the degree of airway hypersensitivity and/or the level of maximal airway response can predict the development of wheezing in subjects with cough-variant asthma.


METHODS
At study initiation, a high-dose methacholine inhalation test was performed to measure provocative concentration causing a 20% fall (PC20) in forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and maximal airway response. Each person was evaluated regularly every 3 months for 4 years and also on the occasion of wheezing being perceived for the first time.


RESULTS
Of the 48 patients available in the follow-up period, 21 (Group 1) developed clinical wheezing, while 27 (Group 2) did not. There was no significant difference in PC20 levels between the two groups. The level of maximal airway response, however, was significantly higher in Group 1 than in Group 2. The score test for trend revealed a significant association between the future development of wheezing and the level of maximal airway response (P = 0.007), but not the level of methacholine PC20 (P = 0.423).


CONCLUSIONS
The level of maximal airway response, rather than the degree of airway hypersensitivity, may be an important risk factor for the future development of classic asthma in patients with cough-variant asthma.
Koh
Y Y
YY
Department of Pediatrics and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
Park
Y
Y
Kim
C K
CK
D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D003371:Cough / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D012135:Respiratory Sounds / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents; D016210:Methacholine Chloride