Vesnarinone, a differentiation inducing drug, directly activates p21(waf1) gene promoter via Sp1 sites in a human salivary gland cancer cell line.
We previously demonstrated that a differentiation inducing drug, vesnarinone induced the growth arrest and p21(waf1) gene expression in a human salivary gland cancer cell line, TYS. In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of the induction of p21(waf1) gene by vesnarinone in TYS cells. We constructed several reporter plasmids containing the p21(waf1) promoter, and attempted to identify vesnarinone-responsive elements in the p21(waf1) promoter. By the luciferase reporter assay, we identified the minimal vesnarinone-responsive element in the p21(waf1) promoter at -124 to -61 relative to the transcription start site. Moreover, we demonstrated by electrophoretic mobility shift assay that Sp1 and Sp3 transcription factors bound to the vesnarinone-responsive element. Furthermore, we found that vesnarinone induced the histone hyperacetylation in TYS cells. These results suggest that vesnarinone directly activates p21(waf1) promoter via the activation of Sp1 and Sp3 transcription factors and the histone hyperacetylation in TYS cells.
Omotehara
F
F
Department of Surgical and Molecular Pathology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, 880 Kitakobayashi, Mibu, Shimo-Tsuga, Tochigi, 321-0293, Japan.
Kawamata
H
H
Uchida
D
D
Hino
S
S
Nakashiro
K
K
Fujimori
T
T
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D010957:Plasmids; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011719:Pyrazines; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012468:Salivary Gland Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D011719:Pyrazines; D011804:Quinolines; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; C041667:vesnarinone; D008156:Luciferases; D006655:Histone Deacetylases