title: Prediction of the potential benefit of different pneumococcal conjugate vaccines on invasive pneumococcal disease in German children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the US a pneumococcal conjugate vaccination program with a 7-valent conjugate vaccine was successfully implemented in 2000. How much invasive pneumococcal disease can potentially be prevented by the 7-valent (or 11-valent) vaccine in Europe?
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, active surveillance of invasive pneumococcal disease in German children age <16 years was performed between 1997 and 2000. Age- and disease-specific coverage and incidence rates were assessed in children old enough to benefit from complete vaccination to estimate the annual number of cases potentially preventable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 1,743 cases were reported; 667 isolates were serotyped. Coverage of 7-valent (11-valent) conjugate vaccines in children age 6 months and older was age- and diagnosis-dependent, ranging from 10.5% (15.8%) to 78.3% (82.6%) for meningitis and from 13.6% (68.2%) to 75.0% (89.3%) for nonmeningitis invasive pneumococcal disease cases. Of an estimated annual number of 176 children with pneumococcal meningitis age 6 months or older, 112 (122) cases had serotypes included in the 7-valent (11-valent) conjugate vaccine compared with 181 (254) of 324 nonmeningitis invasive pneumococcal disease cases, with 37 of the 73 cases covered by the 11-valent vaccine only in children older than 5 years. Regarding meningitis in this age group the potential benefit was equally poor for both the 7-valent (12 of 37 cases) and the 11-valent vaccine (15 of 37 cases).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coverage of the 7- and 11-valent conjugate vaccines depends markedly on age and disease. The additional potential benefit of the 11-valent compared with the 7-valent vaccine for pneumococcal meningitis was marginal.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Social Pediatrics, Ludwig-Maximillans-Universität, Munich, Germany. ag.epi@lrz.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: von Kries
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hermann
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hachmeister
authors.forename: Anette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Siedler
authors.forename: Heinz J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Lahham
authors.forename: Ralf René
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Reinert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008586:Meningitis, Pneumococcal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate