title: Monitoring transfer of recombinant and nonrecombinant plasmids between Lactococcus lactis strains and members of the human gastrointestinal microbiota in vivo--impact of donor cell number and diet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The generation of data of real relevance to the purported risks of DNA transfer from food-borne genetically modified microorganisms (GMMOs) using the human biota associated (HBA) rat model. Plasmid transfer between Lactococcus lactis strains and between donor strains and human gut bacteria was monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transfer of the recombinant plasmid pCK1 and/or the promiscuous nonrecombinant plasmid pAMbeta1 between L. lactis strains was monitored in vivo in HBA rats. No transfer of pCK1 was observed. Transfer of pAMbeta1 was observed to Enterococcus spp. present in the HBA rats. Transconjugants persisted for 30 d and were distributed throughout the gastrointestinal tract. Both HBA rat diet and donor cell numbers impacted on transconjugant numbers. Fewer transconjugants were observed in animals fed a high-fat human type diet, while high levels of plasmid transfer were only observed at doses of donor L. lactis greater than 109 cfu.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The utility of models of the human gut in monitoring DNA transfer events within the gut microbiota was demonstrated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Such findings give some confidence for the use of GMMOs with recombinant DNA borne on nonconjugative elements in fermented foods. HBA rats are a suitable model for monitoring the fate of food-borne GMMOs.
authors.affiliation: TNO BIBRA International Ltd, Carshalton, Surrey, UK. k.m.tuohy@reading.ac.uk
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tuohy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rumsby
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rumney
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Rowland
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D005856:Germ-Free Life; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D030781:Organisms, Genetically Modified; D019936:Probiotics; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins