title: Cryopreservation of Quercus suber and Quercus ilex embryonic axes: in vitro culture, desiccation and cooling factors.
abstract: This study examines different factors included in the cryopreservation protocols for Quercus ilex and Q. suber embryonic axes. In vitro incubation temperature played an important role in the appropriate development of Q. ilex axes, as 15 degrees C was superior to 25 degrees C. Q. suber axes proved to be more sensitive to desiccation and cooling. Poor survival (35%) was observed when axes were included into cryovials and then in liquid nitrogen, and none when immersed in sub-cooled liquid nitrogen (-210 degrees C). Q. ilex axes showed poorly organised development in vitro (c. 50% of non-cooled axes showed shoot development). However, c. 80% survival was observed after cryopreservation (either in liquid nitrogen or sub-cooled liquid nitrogen at 0.34 g water / g dry weight), of which c. 15% showed shoot development.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia Vegetal, Escuela Universitaria de Ingenieria Tecnica Agricola, Universidad Politecnica de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040 Madrid, Spain. egonzalez@agricolas.upm.es
authors.forename: M Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Benito
authors.forename: Roberto-Moreno
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Herradon
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D003890:Desiccation / Q000379:methods*; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D029963:Quercus / Q000196:embryology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000196:embryology*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D014867:Water