title: Increased expression of Fas on human epidermal cells after in vivo exposure to single-dose ultraviolet (UV) B or long-wave UVA radiation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apoptosis has been proposed to act as an important mechanism for eliminating keratinocytes that have been irreversibly damaged by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation. One way to induce apoptosis in keratinocytes is through activation of the cell surface receptor Fas (CD95), either with the ligand (FasL) or directly with UV radiation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the regulation of Fas and FasL expression in human skin and the formation of apoptotic cells after in vivo exposure to UVB or long-wave UVA radiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Volunteers were irradiated with either 3 minimal erythema doses (MED) of UVB (n = 6) or 3 MED of long-wave UVA (n = 6) on buttock skin 12, 24 and 72 h before skin punch biopsies were taken. Expression of Fas and FasL was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry on cryostat sections. Apoptosis was assessed by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated fluorescein-deoxyuridine triphosphate nick-end labelling reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In five of six subjects, exposure to UVB radiation resulted in increased homogeneous expression of Fas on epidermal cells, with greatest expression at 24 and 72 h after irradiation. In all subjects, exposure to long-wave UVA resulted in increased homogeneous expression of Fas on epidermal cells, with greatest expression at 12 h after irradiation. In five of six subjects, exposure to UVB radiation resulted in temporarily decreased expression of FasL, but after 72 h the expression of FasL had returned to the preirradiation level. The expression of FasL on epidermal cells after exposure to long-wave UVA showed considerable variation. UVB irradiation was a stronger inducer of epidermal apoptosis than was UVA irradiation. The number of apoptotic epidermal cells did not correlate with expression of Fas or FasL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In human skin the expression of Fas on epidermal cells increases after in vivo exposure to UVB or long-wave UVA. Exposure to UVB causes a temporary decrease in the expression of FasL on epidermal cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology K/A 1502, Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Niels Andersens Vej 65, 2900 Hellerup, Denmark. boban@gentoftehosp.kbhamt.dk
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rygaard
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baadsgaard
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Skov
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D004817:Epidermis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects*; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D019014:fas Receptor