title: Four new neuroprotective iridoid glycosides from Scrophularia buergeriana roots.
abstract: Four new iridoid glycosides were isolated from a 90% MeOH extract of Scrophularia buergeriana roots and characterized as 8-O-E-p-methoxycinnamoylharpagide (1), 8-O-Z-p-methoxycinnamoylharpagide (2), 6'-O-E-p-methoxycinnamoylharpagide (3), and 6'-O-Z-p-methoxycinnamoylharpagide (4), respectively. In addition, three known iridoids were identified as E-harpagoside (5), Z-harpagoside (6), and harpagide (7). Compounds 1-7 significantly attenuated glutamate-induced neurotoxicity when added to primary cultures of rat cortical cells at concentrations ranging from 100 nM to 10 microM. The results obtained indicate that the iridoid glycosides isolated from S. buergeriana have significant protective effects against glutamate-induced neurodegeneration in primary cultures of rat cortical neurons.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: So Ra
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ki Yong
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kyung Ah
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Sang Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Na-Gyong
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jinwoong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young Choong
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D005333:Fetus; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000633:toxicity; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D039823:Iridoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D032266:Scrophularia / Q000737:chemistry*; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D006027:Glycosides; D039823:Iridoids; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D018698:Glutamic Acid