title: Identification and characterization of nine novel human small GTPases showing variable expressions in liver cancer tissues.
abstract: Digestion and detoxification are the two most important functions of the liver, and liver cells always keep a high metabolism level and active vesicular traffic. The malfunction of the vesicular traffic system might be a cause of the abnormal biological behavior of cancerous liver cells. The Ras superfamily is known to regulate various steps of vesicular traffic in eukaryotic cells. It would be significant to determine the change of vesicular transport molecules such as the members of Ras superfamily in carcinogenesis of liver cells. In the present study, we have cloned nine novel genes encoding human small GTPases: RAB1B, RAB4B, RAB10, RAB22A, RAB24, RAB25 ARL5, SARA1, and SARA2, among which the former six belong to the RAB family and the latter three belong to the ARF/SAR1 family. The identification of these new genes has greatly enlarged the pool of the Ras superfamily. It is interesting to find that they are upregulated in most of the 11 hepatocellular carcinoma and 1 cholangiohepatoma cases. Furthermore, the expression in 16 normal human adult tissues, the chromosome loci, and the gene structures of the nine genes are also described. The above findings could be valuable for understanding the vesicular transport system and elucidating the molecular basis of liver cancer carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Group of Liver Cancer Research, Institute of Genetics, School of Life Science, Fudan University, 220 Handan Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Fangyan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xingyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: She
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jianmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiaosong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shouyuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000201:enzymology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D019992:Databases as Topic; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases