title: Distinct promoter elements mediate the co-operative effect of Brn-3a and p53 on the p21 promoter and their antagonism on the Bax promoter.
abstract: Although the promoters of both the Bax and p21 genes are activated by p53, they differ in the effect on this activation of the POU family transcription factor Brn-3a. Thus, Brn-3a inhibits activation of the Bax promoter by p53 but enhances the ability of p53 to activate the p21 promoter. We demonstrate that repression of p53-mediated activation of the Bax promoter involves a complex upstream sequence in which two Brn-3a response elements flank the p53 response element. In contrast, a minimal p21 promoter is activated by Brn-3a and such activation cannot be abolished without abolishing basal promoter activity. Moreover, synergistic activation by Brn-3a and p53 continues to be observed when the p53-binding sites in the p21 promoter are substituted by the Bax p53 site or by the region of the Bax promoter essential for Brn-3a-mediated repression, indicating that the p21 core promoter plays a central role in this response. The significance of these effects is discussed in terms of the different responses of the Bax and p21 promoters and the overlapping but distinct roles of Brn-3a and p53 in neuronal growth arrest and apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Child Health, University College London, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perez-Sanchez
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Budhram-Mahadeo
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Latchman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008156:Luciferases / Q000032:analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D020218:Response Elements; D050818:Transcription Factor Brn-3; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D050818:Transcription Factor Brn-3; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D008156:Luciferases