title: Helios gene gun particle delivery for therapy of acid maltase deficiency.
abstract: Autosomal recessive deficiency of lysosomal acid maltase (GAA) or glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII) results in a spectrum of phenotypes including a rapidly fatal infantile disorder (Pompe's), juvenile, and a late-onset adult myopathy. The infantile onset form presents as hypotonia with massive accumulation of glycogen in skeletal and heart muscle, with death due to cardiorespiratory failure. Adult patients with the slowly progressive form develop severe skeletal muscle weakness and respiratory failure. Particle bombardment is a safe, efficient physical method in which high-density, subcellular-sized particles are accelerated to high velocity to carry DNA into cells. Because it does not depend on a specific ligand, receptor, or biochemical features on cell surfaces, particle-mediated gene transfer can be readily applied to a variety of systems. We evaluated particle bombardment as a delivery system for therapy of GSDII. We utilized a vector carrying the CMV promoter linked to the human GAA cDNA. Human GSDII cell lines (fibroblasts and lymphoid) as well as ex vivo with adult-onset peripheral blood cells (lymphocytes and monocytes) were transiently transfected by bombardment with a Helios gene gun delivering gold particles coated with the GAA expression plasmid. All cell types showed an increase in human GAA activity greater than 50% of normal activity. Subsequently, GAA -/- mice were treated every 2 weeks for 4 months by particle bombardment to the epidermis of the lower back and hind limbs. Muscle weakness in the hind and forelimbs was reversed. These data suggest that particle delivery of the GAA cDNA by the Helios gene gun may be a safe, effective treatment for GSDII.
authors.affiliation: New York University School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, New York, New York 1001, USA. martif02@popmail.med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martiniuk
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Adra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mack
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Donnabella
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Slonim
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bulone
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arvanitopoulos
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Raben
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Plotz
authors.forename: William N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Rom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D019470:Biolistics; D002460:Cell Line; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D005087:Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006009:Glycogen Storage Disease Type II / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases; D005087:Glucan 1,4-alpha-Glucosidase