Fluvastatin-induced rhabdomyolysis.
OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate a case of rhabdomyolysis with acute renal failure in a patient receiving fluvastatin and to present evidence that this was an adverse drug reaction to fluvastatin.


METHODS
A 51-year-old white man with a past medical history significant for hyperlipidemia treated with fluvastatin presented with malaise, myalgias, nausea, and lumbar back pain. The patient had azotemia with elevated creatine kinase (CK), lactate dehydrogenase, and transaminases. He developed hematuria and proteinuria. Laboratory results demonstrated a normal antinuclear antibody, rheumatoid factor, angiotensin-converting enzyme, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. Cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus titers were negative for recent infection. There were no signs of systemic infection; the white blood cell count was normal and blood and urine cultures were negative. Renal ultrasound showed hyperechoic renal cortices with no obstruction. The discontinuation of fluvastatin and hemodialysis led to a rapid decrease in CK and improvement in symptoms.


CONCLUSIONS
Hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors have the potential to cause rhabdomyolysis. However, fluvastatin is rarely associated with rhabdomyolysis when compared to other statins. Differences in biochemical and pharmacokinetic properties between fluvastatin and other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors may be important in the development of rhabdomyolysis.


CONCLUSIONS
Fluvastatin was the precipitating factor causing rhabdomyolysis in this case report. This patient had no other findings to suggest infection or other disorder inducing rhabdomyolysis. An objective causality assessment revealed that the adverse drug reaction was probable as determined by the Naranjo probability scale. Fluvastatin has the potential to cause serious adverse effects. Therefore, a heightened awareness by the patient and physician for potential signs of myopathy is recommended.
Modi
Jitu R
JR
Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Cratty
Michael S
MS
D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002034:Bumetanide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002740:Chlorothiazide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000077340:Fluvastatin; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy
D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D007211:Indoles; D002034:Bumetanide; D008353:Mannitol; D000077340:Fluvastatin; D002740:Chlorothiazide