title: Lactobacilli as live vaccine delivery vectors: progress and prospects.
abstract: Evidence is accumulating that lactobacilli influence the immune response in a strain-dependent manner. This immunomodulatory capacity is important for the development of the immune response, and also identifies Lactobacillus as a potent oral vaccine carrier. Most of our current knowledge of the use of lactobacilli for vaccination purposes has been obtained with tetanus toxin fragment C (TTFC) as the model antigen. This knowledge, together with our ever-increasing understanding of the immune system and recent developments in cloning and expression techniques, should enable the utilisation of antigens other than TTFC and has made the development of lactobacilli as live vaccines a realistic prospect.
authors.affiliation: Lactrys, TNO Prevention and Health, Division of Immunological and Infectious Diseases, PO Box 2301 CE, Leiden, The Netherlands. jfml.seegers@pg.tno.nl
authors.forename: Jos F M L
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Seegers
mesh_terms: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013045:Species Specificity; D013744:Tetanus Toxin / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013744:Tetanus Toxin; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; C040635:tetanus toxin fragment C