Adiponectin reduces atherosclerosis in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
BACKGROUND
Dysregulation of adipocyte-derived bioactive molecules plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis. We previously reported that adiponectin, an adipocyte-specific plasma protein, accumulated in the injured artery from the plasma and suppressed endothelial inflammatory response and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation, as well as macrophage-to-foam cell transformation in vitro. The current study investigated whether the increased plasma adiponectin could actually reduce atherosclerosis in vivo.


RESULTS
Apolipoprotein E-deficient mice were treated with recombinant adenovirus expressing human adiponectin (Ad-APN) or beta-galactosidase (Ad-betagal). The plasma adiponectin levels in Ad-APN-treated mice increased 48 times as much as those in Ad-betagal treated mice. On the 14th day after injection, the lesion formation in aortic sinus was inhibited in Ad-APN-treated mice by 30% compared with Ad-betagal-treated mice (P<0.05). In the lesions of Ad-APN-treated mice, the lipid droplets became smaller compared with Ad-betagal-treated mice (P<0.01). Immunohistochemical analyses demonstrated that the adenovirus-mediated adiponectin migrate to foam cells in the fatty streak lesions. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that Ad-APN treatment significantly suppressed the mRNA levels of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 by 29% and class A scavenger receptor by 34%, and tended to reduce levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha without affecting those of CD36 in the aortic tissue.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings documented for the first time that elevated plasma adiponectin suppresses the development of atherosclerosis in vivo.
Okamoto
Yoshihisa
Y
Department of Internal Medicine and Molecular Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Kihara
Shinji
S
Ouchi
Noriyuki
N
Nishida
Makoto
M
Arita
Yukio
Y
Kumada
Masahiro
M
Ohashi
Koji
K
Sakai
Naohiko
N
Shimomura
Iichiro
I
Kobayashi
Hideki
H
Terasaka
Naoki
N
Inaba
Toshimori
T
Funahashi
Tohru
T
Matsuzawa
Yuji
Y
D052242:Adiponectin; D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D005487:Foam Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000473:pathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018110:Receptors, Lipoprotein; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B; D012850:Sinus of Valsalva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D052242:Adiponectin; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D018110:Receptors, Lipoprotein; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; C454739:Scarb1 protein, mouse; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1