title: Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein and lipopolysaccharide receptor CD14 gene expression after thermal injury and its potential mechanism(s).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We hypothesized that lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) and lipopolysaccharide receptor CD14 would present a pair of key molecules in pathophysiologic alterations induced by low concentrations of endotoxin after trauma. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between endotoxin translocation and tissue LBP/CD14 messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression after burn injury, and to define the potential role of LBP/CD14 in mediating inflammatory mediator induction, as well as the pathogenesis of organ damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were subjected to a 35% full-thickness scald injury, and tissue samples from liver, kidneys, lungs, and intestine were collected to measure LBP/CD14 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) mRNA expression. Peritoneal macrophages were harvested by peritoneal lavage to determine CD14 mRNA expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that endotoxin levels in liver, spleen, and lung increased markedly after thermal injury, with the highest level in liver. Both tissue LBP and CD14 mRNA expression increased markedly after burns, peaking at 12 hours, and then decreasing gradually. At 48 hours, LBP gene expression had a tendency to the baseline level, whereas CD14 mRNA expression increased again. Likewise, CD14 mRNA levels were up-regulated markedly in peritoneal macrophages. Conversely, gene expression of TNF-alpha in tissues elevated markedly after acute insults. There were positive correlations between lipopolysaccharide levels and LBP/CD14 mRNA as well as TNF-alpha mRNA expression in tissues. Similar results were also obtained between CD14, TNF-alpha mRNA expression in liver tissue and liver function parameters, and between pulmonary TNF-alpha mRNA and myeloperoxidase activities (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thermal injury per se can markedly up-regulate both LBP and CD14 gene expression in various organs. Excessive LBP and CD14 mRNA expression might be associated with enhanced synthesis and release of TNF-alpha stimulated by endotoxin translocation after major burns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Trauma Research Center, Postgraduate Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China. c_ff@sina.com
authors.forename: Catherine W H
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yong-Ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Zhi-Guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Lian-Rong
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Zhi-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Sheng
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing) / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002056:Burns / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004731:Endotoxins; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009195:Peroxidase; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein