title: In situ rumen degradation and in vitro gas production of some selected grains from Turkey.
abstract: An investigation of the dry matter degradability (DMD) and effective dry matter degradability (EDDM) was performed for barley, wheat, rye, corn, triticale and oat samples, using the Nylon-bag technique. Gas production (GP), metabolizable energy (ME) and in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) were also studied by using Hohenheim gas test. The DM from barley, wheat, rye and triticale was digested rapidly in the rumen, and, at the 48 h of incubation, degradability was found to be approximately about 80%. The higher degradability observed for these grains than for oats and corn was attributable to the structure of these grains. In contrast, DM of corn and oats was degraded very slowly and reached 66.7 and 66.5 at 48 h, respectively. Effective degradability values of barley, wheat, rye, corn, triticale and oats were determined to be 61.4, 69.0, 64.0, 41.7, 66.7 and 58.6% in 5% rumen outflow rate, respectively. At the end of the 48 h incubation, total gas productions in barley, wheat, rye, corn, triticale and oats were estimated to be 83.6, 87.2, 87.5, 83.5, 85.8 and 63.9 ml/200 mg DM, respectively. The mean ME values of these grains calculated from cumulative gas amount at 24 h incubation were 11.8, 12.1, 12.3, 10.9, 12.4 and 10.2 MJ/kg DM, respectively. In vitro digestible organic matter of barley, wheat, rye, corn, triticale and oats were estimated to be 85.0, 87.3, 88.2, 79.5, 89.0 and 72.6%. Percentage overall EDDM (k=5%) of barley, wheat, rye, triticale and oats was positively correlated with in vitro GP at 6 h, cumulative GP at 24 h and total GP at 48 h (p<0.05). As a result, in situ dry matter degradation of grains showed great differences depending on the chemical compositions. In situ EDDM of grains may be predicted from in vitro gas production parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Nutrition and Nutritional Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Selçuk, Konya, Turkey. hderya@selcuk.edu.tr
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Umucalilar
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Coşkun
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gülşen
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D018554:Avena; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D004063:Digestion; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005740:Gases / Q000378:metabolism*; D001467:Hordeum; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism*; D012434:Secale; D014908:Triticum; D014421:Turkey; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D005740:Gases