title: A dispensable yeast ribosomal protein optimizes peptidyltransferase activity and affects translocation.
abstract: Yeast ribosomal protein L41 is dispensable in the yeast. Its absence had no effect on polyphenylalanine synthesis activity, and a limited effect on growth, translational accuracy, or the resistance toward the antibiotic paromomycin. Removal of L41 did not affect the 60:40 S ratio, but it reduced the amount of 80 S, suggesting that L41 is involved in ribosomal subunit association. However, the two most important effects of L41 were on peptidyltransferase activity and translocation. Peptidyltransferase activity was measured as a second-order rate constant (k(cat)/K(s)) corresponding to the rate of peptide bond formation; this k(cat)/K(s) was lowered 3-fold to 1.15 min(-1) mm(-1) in the L41 mutant compared with 3.46 min(-1) mm(-1) in the wild type. Translocation was also affected by L41. Elongation factor 2 (EF2)-dependent (enzymatic) translocation of Ac-Phe-tRNA from the A- to P-site was more efficient in the absence of L41, because 50% translocation was achieved at only 0.004 microm EF2 compared with 0.02 microm for the wild type. Furthermore, the EF2-dependent translocation was inhibited by 50% at 2.5 microm of the translocation inhibitor cycloheximide in the L41 mutant compared with 1.2 microm in the wild type. Finally, the rate of EF2-independent (spontaneous) translocation was increased in the absence of L41.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26110 Patras, Greece.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dresios
authors.forename: Panagiotis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Panopoulos
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Synetos
mesh_terms: D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D007700:Kinetics; D016296:Mutagenesis; D010458:Peptidyl Transferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C472563:RPL41 protein, S cerevisiae; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D003513:Cycloheximide; D010458:Peptidyl Transferases