title: Characterization of dynamic three-dimensional strain fields in the canine radius.
abstract: This note describes a method to approximate the 3-D mechanical environment of a long bone during a normal daily activity. Our specific goal was to characterize the temporal and spatial strain distributions in the mid-shaft region of the canine radius during gait. Direct measurement of strains along the entire surface of in vivo bone is not feasible, so we employed a combination of experimental measurements and numerical interpolation techniques to approximate the time-varying longitudinal strain distribution. Using standard in vivo strain gauging techniques, we measured dynamic strains at nine locations (three locations on each of three cross sections, data pooled from two experimental animals) on the canine radius during trotting gait. These in vivo strain measurements were then used to approximate the time course of the strain field for the entire radius mid-shaft region using a 3-D numerical interpolation scheme using finite element basis functions. Despite limitations in the present implementation of the method, the results show that there are considerable time-dependent variations in the strain distribution occurring at different transverse sections along the length of the diaphysis with substantial anteroposterior bending and rotation of neutral axis locations during the gait cycle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tulane University, Suite 500, Boggs Center, New Orleans, LA 70118-5674, USA.
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Owan
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tankano
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Burr
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004285:Dogs; D004548:Elasticity; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D005552:Forelimb / Q000502:physiology; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D011884:Radius / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014159:Transducers