title: Galpha(12/13) mediates alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor-induced cardiac hypertrophy.
abstract: In neonatal cardiomyocytes, activation of the G(q)-coupled alpha(1)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(1)AR) induces hypertrophy by activating mitogen-activated protein kinases, including c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK). Here, we show that JNK activation is essential for alpha(1)AR-induced hypertrophy, in that alpha(1)AR-induced hypertrophic responses, such as reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and increased protein synthesis, could be blocked by expressing the JNK-binding domain of JNK-interacting protein-1, a specific inhibitor of JNK. We also identified the classes and subunits of G proteins that mediate alpha(1)AR-induced JNK activation and hypertrophic responses by generating several recombinant adenoviruses that express polypeptides capable of inhibiting the function of specific G-protein subunits. alpha(1)AR-induced JNK activation was inhibited by the expression of carboxyl terminal regions of Galpha(q), Galpha(12), and Galpha(13). JNK activation was also inhibited by the Galpha(q/11)- or Galpha(12/13)-specific regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) domains and by C3 toxin but was not affected by treatment with pertussis toxin or by expression of the carboxyl terminal region of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2, a polypeptide that sequesters Gbetagamma. alpha(1)AR-induced hypertrophic responses were inhibited by Galpha(q/11)- and Galpha(12/13)-specific RGS domains, C3 toxin, and the carboxyl terminal region of G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 but not by pertussis toxin. Activation of Rho was inhibited by carboxyl terminal regions of Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) but not by Galpha(q). Our findings suggest that alpha(1)AR-induced hypertrophic responses are mediated in part by a Galpha(12/13)-Rho-JNK pathway, in part by a G(q/11)-JNK pathway that is Rho independent, and in part by a Gbetagamma pathway that is JNK independent.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Shihori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: Justin H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kozasa
authors.forename: Teiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurose
mesh_terms: D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases / Q000494:pharmacology; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D037342:Pertussis Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014162:Transfection; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C110528:Mapk8ip1 protein, rat; D016877:Oxidants; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D021122:Protein Subunits; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; D036002:ADP Ribose Transferases; C063007:exoenzyme C3, Clostridium botulinum; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein