title: Noninvasive vs. conventional mechanical ventilation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease after failure of medical treatment in the ward: a randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a randomized prospective study comparing noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) with conventional mechanical ventilation via endotracheal intubation (ETI) in a group of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who failed standard medical treatment in the emergency ward after initial improvement and met predetermined criteria for ventilatory support.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized study in a university hospital 13-bed general ICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-nine patients were randomly assigned to receive NPPV (n=23) or conventional ventilation (n=26).
  
  
  RESULTS
  both NPPV and conventional ventilation significantly improved gas exchanges. The two groups had similar length of ICU stay, number of days on mechanical ventilation, overall complications, ICU mortality, and hospital mortality. In the NPPV group 11 (48%) patients avoided intubation, survived, and had a shorter duration of ICU stay than intubated patients. One year following hospital discharge the NPPV group had fewer patients readmitted to the hospital (65% vs. 100%) or requiring de novo permanent oxygen supplementation (0% vs. 36%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of NPPV in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and acute respiratory failure requiring ventilatory support after failure of medical treatment avoided ETI in 48% of the patients, had the same ICU mortality as conventional treatment and, at 1-year follow-up was associated with fewer patients readmitted to the hospital or requiring for long-term oxygen supplementation. An editorial regarding this article can be found in the same issue (http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00134-002-1503-3).
authors.affiliation: Università Cattolica del S Cuore, Policlinico A. Gemelli, Largo F Vito, 00168 Rome, Italy. g.conti@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antonelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Navalesi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rocco
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bufi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spadetta
authors.forename: G U
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Meduri
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008297:Male; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome