Elucidating TOR signaling and rapamycin action: lessons from Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
TOR (target of rapamycin) is a phosphatidylinositol kinase-related protein kinase that controls cell growth in response to nutrients. Rapamycin is an immunosuppressive and anticancer drug that acts by inhibiting TOR. The modes of action of TOR and rapamycin are remarkably conserved from S. cerevisiae to humans. The current understanding of TOR and rapamycin is derived largely from studies with S. cerevisiae. In this review, we discuss the contributions made by S. cerevisiae to understanding rapamycin action and TOR function.
Crespo
José L
JL
Division of Biochemistry, Biozentrum, University of Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
Hall
Michael N
MN
D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D022061:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A / Q000378:metabolism
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D020123:Sirolimus; D022061:Tacrolimus Binding Protein 1A; C083324:TOR1 protein, S cerevisiae; C081135:TOR2 protein, S cerevisiae