title: Seroprevalences of herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 among pregnant women in the Netherlands.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the Netherlands 73% of cases of neonatal herpes are caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), whereas in the United States a majority are caused by HSV type 2 (HSV-2). GOAL To understand this difference we undertook a seroepidemiological study on the prevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 among pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Type-specific antibodies to HSV-1 and HSV-2 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in serum samples from 1,507 pregnant women in Amsterdam, Rotterdam, and Nijmegen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of HSV-1 was 61% in Nijmegen, 73% in Amsterdam, and 75% in Rotterdam. The prevalence of HSV-2 was 11% in Nijmegen, 35% in Amsterdam, and 27% in Rotterdam.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The seroprevalence of HSV-1 and HSV-2 antibodies among pregnant women in the Netherlands shows significant geographical differences, which were attributed to ethnical variation. However, the epidemiologic differences did not correlate with the incidence of neonatal herpes in the Netherlands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Virology Section, University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gaytant
authors.forename: Eric A P
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Steegers
authors.forename: Marloes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Laere
authors.forename: Ben A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Semmekrot
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Groen
authors.forename: Jan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Weel
authors.forename: Willem I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: van der Meijden
authors.forename: Kees
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boer
authors.forename: Jochem M D
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Galama
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral