title: Migraine headaches in adolescents: a five-year follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Longitudinal studies of juvenile migraine are very few. We investigated the prevalence and evolution over 5 years of migraine without aura (MWOA) and migraineous disorder (MD) in an adolescent population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four subjects (34 girls and 30 boys, mean age 17.3+/-1.1 years) out of 80 selected in our 1989 epidemiological survey were included in the study. The diagnostic criteria of the International Headache Society were used in both studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-two of 64 subjects (50%) had MWAO, 18 (28.1%) had MD, and 14 (21.9%) had headache not classifiable (HnC). Our results show that MWOA persisted in 56.2%, converted to MD or HnC in 9.4% and 3.1% of cases, respectively, changed to episodic tension-type headache (ETTH) in 12.5%, and remitted in 18.8%. MD persisted in 11.1%, converted to MWOA or HnC in 27.8% and 5.5% of cases, respectively, changed to ETTH in 11.1%, and remitted in 44.5%. HnC persisted in 14.3%, converted to MD or MWOA in 21.4% and 14.3% of cases, respectively, changed to ETTH in 14.3%, and remitted in 35.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that juvenile-onset MWOA and MD may change in character over time, generally with a favorable prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuropsychiatry, University of Palermo, Italy. rcamarda@neuro.unipa.it
authors.forename: Rosolino
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Camarda
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Monastero
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Santangelo
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raimondo
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Puma
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pipia
authors.forename: Lawrence K C
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Camarda
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Camarda
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raieli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D020326:Migraine without Aura / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous