title: Childhood indicators of susceptibility to subsequent cervical cancer.
abstract: Common warts could indicate cervical cancer susceptibility, as both are caused by human papillomavirus (HPV). Eczema was also investigated, as atopic eczema has been negatively associated with warts, but non-atopic eczema may be associated with compromised host defences, as observed in patients with HIV, suggesting increased susceptibility to HPV infection and cervical cancer. 'Cervical cancer' was self-reported during an interview by 87 of 7594 women members of two longitudinal British birth cohorts. The accuracy of the diagnoses is limited by lack of confirmation using medical records. Odds ratios are adjusted for common warts and eczema in childhood; and cigarette smoking, number of cohabiting partners and social class in early adult life. The odds ratios of warts and eczema with cervical cancer are 2.50 (95% confidence interval 1.14-5.47) and 3.27 (1.95-5.49), respectively. The association of eczema with cervical cancer is independent of hay fever as a marker of atopy, suggesting the importance of non-atopic eczema. Both heavier smoking compared with non-smoking and four or more cohabiting partners compared with one/none have odds ratios for cervical cancer of 8.26 (4.25-15.10) and 4.89 (1.39-17.18), respectively. Common warts in childhood may indicate cervical cancer susceptibility; this and the relationship with eczema deserves investigation.
authors.affiliation: Enheten för klinisk epidemiologi, Institutionen för medicin vid Karolinska sjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. Scott.Montgomery@medks.ki.se
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: A G C
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ehlin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sparén
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Björkstén
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ekbom
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004485:Eczema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D014860:Warts / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology