title: Donor characteristics associated with reduced graft survival: an approach to expanding the pool of kidney donors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Availability of cadaveric kidneys for transplantation is far below the growing need, leading to longer waiting time and more deaths while waiting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using national data from 1995 to 2000, we evaluated graft survival by donor characteristics and the rate of discard of retrieved organs, with the goal of increasing use of kidneys that are associated with increased risk of graft failure, that is, expanded donor kidneys.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cox models identified four donor factors that independently predicted significantly higher relative risk of graft loss compared with a low-risk group. These factors included donor age, cerebrovascular accident as the cause of death, renal insufficiency (serum creatinine >1.5 mg/dL), and history of hypertension. Expanded donor kidneys were defined as those with relative risk of graft loss greater than 1.70 and included all donors aged 60 years and older and those aged 50 to 59 years with at least two of the other three conditions (cerebrovascular cause of death, renal insufficiency, hypertension). The expanded donor group accounted for 14.8% of transplanted kidneys. Among organs procured from expanded donors, 38% were discarded versus 9% for all other kidneys. The risk of graft loss of expanded donor kidneys was increased in both older and younger recipients but to a greater extent in those recipients older than 50 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By identifying donor factors associated with graft failure, these analyses may help to expand the number of transplanted kidneys by increasing the utilization of retrieved cadaveric kidneys.
authors.affiliation: Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients, University Renal Research and Education Association (URREA), Ann Arbor, MI 48103, USA.
authors.forename: Friedrich K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Port
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bragg-Gresham
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Metzger
authors.forename: Dawn M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dykstra
authors.forename: Brenda W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: Eric W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Francis L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Delmonico
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wynn
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Merion
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Held
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D002423:Cause of Death; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000209:etiology; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality; D014019:Tissue Donors; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000379:methods*