title: Cancer incidence among triazine herbicide manufacturing workers.
abstract: This study evaluated cancer incidence and prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing among workers at a plant in Louisiana (LA) that made atrazine and other triazine herbicides. The study covered the time period 1985 through 1997 and included 2045 subjects, of whom 757 worked for the company that owned the plant and 1288 were contract employees. Linkage with a population-based cancer registry and review of death certificates and plant medical records identified cancer cases. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) compared subjects' cancer incidence rates with those of a regional general population. Plant medical records provided data on the proportion receiving PSA tests among male company employees. Subjects had 46 observed and 40 expected cases of all cancers combined (SIR = 114, CI = 83-152) and had 11/6.3 prostate cancers (SIR = 175, CI = 87-312). The prostate cancer excess was greater in actively working company employees (5/1.3, SIR = 394, CI = 128-920) than in contract employees or inactive company employees (6/5.0, SIR = 119, CI = 44-260) and was limited to men under 60 years of age. Of the 11 prostate cancer cases, nine were diagnosed at an early clinical stage. From 1993 to 1999, the proportion of male company employees who had at least one PSA test was 86% for those who reached 40 years of age while actively working and was 98% for those who reached 45 years of age. The observed prostate cancer increase may have been due to the frequent PSA testing of actively working company employees. There is no epidemiologic or other information that clearly supports a causal relation between atrazine and prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and International Health, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama. pmac@uab.edu
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: MacLennan
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delzell
authors.forename: Nalini
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sathiakumar
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Grizzle
authors.forename: Vivien W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiao Cheng
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000407:Alabama / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002617:Chemical Industry; D005260:Female; D006540:Herbicides / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016272:Occupational Health; D011336:Probability; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014227:Triazines
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D014227:Triazines