title: Jasmonate-induced lipid peroxidation in barley leaves initiated by distinct 13-LOX forms of chloroplasts.
abstract: In addition to a previously characterized 13-lipoxygenase of 100 kDa encoded by LOX2:Hv:1 [Vörös et al., Eur. J. Biochem. 251 (1998), 36-44], two full-length cDNAs (LOX2:Hv:2, LOX2:Hv:3) were isolated from barley leaves (Hordeum vulgare cv. Salome) and characterized. Both of them encode 13-lipoxygenases with putative target sequences for chloroplast import. Immunogold labeling revealed preferential, if not exclusive, localization of lipoxygenase proteins in the stroma. The ultrastructure of the chloroplast was dramatically altered following methyl jasmonate treatment, indicated by a loss of thylakoid membranes, decreased number of stacks and appearance of numerous osmiophilic globuli. The three 13-lipoxygenases are differentially expressed during treatment with jasmonate, salicylate, glucose or sorbitol. Metabolite profiling of free linolenic acid and free linoleic acid, the substrates of lipoxygenases, in water floated or jasmonate-treated leaves revealed preferential accumulation of linolenic acid. Remarkable amounts of free 9- as well as 13-hydroperoxy linolenic acid were found. In addition, metabolites of these hydroperoxides, such as the hydroxy derivatives and the respective aldehydes, appeared following methyl jasmonate treatment. These findings were substantiated by metabolite profiling of isolated chloroplasts, and subfractions including the envelope, the stroma and the thylakoids, indicating a preferential occurrence of lipoxygenase-derived products in the stroma and in the envelope. These data revealed jasmonate-induced activation of the hydroperoxide lyase and reductase branch within the lipoxygenase pathway and suggest differential activity of the three 13-lipoxygenases under different stress conditions.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hause
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maucher
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garbe
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vörös
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weichert
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wasternack
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Feussner
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D001467:Hordeum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018744:DNA, Plant; D008041:Linoleic Acids; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C072239:methyl jasmonate; C117433:13-lipoxygenase; D008084:Lipoxygenase