title: Incubation at 37 degrees C prior to cryopreservation decreases viability of liver slices after cryopreservation by rapid freezing.
abstract: Precision-cut liver slices are to some extent resistant to ice formation induced by rapid freezing. Susceptibility to rapid freezing damage has been shown to be (partly) dependent on intrinsic properties of cells. In the present study an attempt was made to decrease the susceptibility of rat liver slices for rapid freezing damage: the slices were pre-incubated at 37 degrees C under oxygen, prior to cryopreservation to recover from low ATP levels, impaired ion regulation and cell swelling induced by their preparation. It was shown that, unexpectedly, recovery of cellular homeostasis prior to the cryopreservation procedure by the 37 degrees C pre-incubation markedly decreased viability of rapidly frozen slices (in which ice was formed), but not of vitrified slices (in which no ice was formed), in a time- and temperature-dependent manner. UW was found to protect slices from this 'warm pre-incubation phenomenon.' Apparently, pre-incubation prior to freezing causes certain cellular alterations that render slices more susceptible to rapid freezing damage.
authors.affiliation: Pre-clinical Drug Validation Unit, Solvay Pharmaceuticals BV, PO Box 900, 1380, DA Weesp, Netherlands.
authors.forename: I A M
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: de Graaf
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geerlinks
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Koster
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001834:Body Water; D002118:Calcium; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008867:Microtomy; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000494:pharmacology; D011887:Raffinose / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D007328:Insulin; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; C055206:University of Wisconsin-lactobionate solution; C475563:William's medium E; D000493:Allopurinol; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005978:Glutathione; D000241:Adenosine; D011887:Raffinose; D011188:Potassium; D010100:Oxygen; D002118:Calcium