title: Xolloid-related: a novel BMP1/Tolloid-related metalloprotease is expressed during early Xenopus development.
abstract: We have identified a novel Tolloid-like metalloprotease, called Xolloid-related (Xlr), that is expressed during early Xenopus development. Transcripts for xlr are localized to the marginal zone of mid-gastrulae and are most abundant in ventral and lateral sectors. At neurula stages xlr is strongly expressed around the blastopore and in the pharyngeal endoderm, and more weakly expressed throughout the ventral half of the embryo. Transcripts are detected in the nervous system, particularly the hindbrain and spinal cord, and tailbud of tailbud stage embryos, with weaker expression in the anterior nervous system, otic vesicle, heart, and pronephric duct. Transcription of xlr is increased by BMP4 and decreased by Noggin and tBR, indicating that xlr is regulated by BMP signalling. Injection of xlr mRNA inhibits dorsoanterior development and the dorsal axis inducing ability of coinjected chordin, but not noggin or tBR, mRNA. Xlr conditioned media cleaves Chordin in vitro, indicating that this protease may regulate the availability of Chordin in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. l.dale@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dale
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Shelley A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Goodman
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D004707:Endoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006023:Glycoproteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012249:Rhombencephalon / Q000196:embryology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000196:embryology; D013997:Time Factors; D055394:Tolloid-Like Metalloproteinases; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D014981:Xenopus / Q000196:embryology*; D029867:Xenopus Proteins
chemical_list: D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C525812:bmp4 protein, Xenopus; D012313:RNA; C054234:chordin; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C102726:Pmk1 protein, Magnaporthe grisea; D055394:Tolloid-Like Metalloproteinases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C109187:TLL2 protein, Xenopus; C575919:tll1 protein, Xenopus