title: Utilization of PD modalities: evolution.
abstract: In the early 1960s, peritoneal dialysis (PD) was introduced as a form of long-term maintenance therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). We have come a long way since. Increasing understanding of peritoneal kinetic behavior, its innovative manipulation to meet patient needs, critical monitoring of clinical outcomes, and parallel development in technology have all contributed to the worldwide success of the therapy over the past four decades. In this article we review the evolution of the various PD modalities in the context of these factors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Missouri - Columbia, Columbia, Missouri 65212, USA. venkataramanv@health.missouri.edu
authors.forename: Vijaya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Venkataraman
authors.forename: Karl D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Nolph
mesh_terms: D001331:Automation; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy*; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology