title: RIP4 (DIK/PKK), a novel member of the RIP kinase family, activates NF-kappa B and is processed during apoptosis.
abstract: RIP1 and its homologs, RIP2 and RIP3, form part of a family of Ser/Thr kinases that regulate signal transduction processes leading to NF-kappa B activation. Here, we identify RIP4 (DIK/PKK) as a novel member of the RIP kinase family. RIP4 contains an N-terminal RIP-like kinase domain and a C-terminal region characterized by the presence of 11 ankyrin repeats. Overexpression of RIP4 leads to activation of NF-kappa B and JNK. Kinase inactive RIP4 or a truncated version containing the ankyrin repeats have a dominant negative (DN) effect on NF-kappa B induction by multiple stimuli. RIP4 binds to several members of the TRAF protein family, and DN versions of TRAF1, TRAF3 and TRAF6 inhibit RIP4-induced NF-kappa B activation. Moreover, RIP4 is cleaved after Asp340 and Asp378 during Fas-induced apoptosis. These data suggest that RIP4 is involved in NF-kappa B and JNK signaling and that caspase-dependent processing of RIP4 may negatively regulate NF-kappa B-dependent pro-survival or pro-inflammatory signals.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, 155 Chemin des Boveresses, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meylan
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martinon
authors.forename: Margot
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thome
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gschwendt
authors.forename: Jürg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tschopp
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C430884:Ripk4 protein, mouse