title: Salmonella in California wildlife species: prevalence in rehabilitation centers and characterization of isolates.
abstract: Fecal samples from 212 selected marine mammals, marine birds, and raptors were cultured for Salmonella spp. on arrival at rehabilitation centers in California from May 1999 through July 2000. Salmonella spp. were cultured from nine (4%) animals, and seven serotypes were isolated: Johannesberg, Montevideo, Newport, Ohio, Saint Paul, Enteritidis Group D, and 4,5,12:1 Monophasic. One western gull (Larus occidentalis) had two serotypes. Antibiotic susceptibilities and chromosomal fingerprints were evaluated for Salmonella isolates. Some isolates were resistant to gentamicin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and ampicillin. Chromosomal fingerprints with XbaI and XhoI restriction enzymes differed between serotypes but not between individuals carrying the same serotype of Salmonella.
authors.affiliation: Wildlife Health Center, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Woutrina A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Jonna A K
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mazet
authors.forename: Dwight C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hirsh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001717:Birds; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000662:veterinary; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field / Q000662:veterinary; D010041:Otters; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020304:Raptors; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D046048:Seals, Earless; D012703:Serotyping / Q000662:veterinary