title: [Ovary genes and molecular pathology].
abstract: In the ovary, primordial follicles have to pass different stages in order to become preovulatory follicles. In the past few years, new genes and therefore new proteins have been recognized as major players in folliculogenesis. Atm, kit ligand and its receptor c-kit are necessary for the maintenance of ovarian follicle pool. GDF-9, BMP15, originating from the oocyte play a major role in early folliculogenesis. Pro and antiapoptotic proteins such as Bax and Bcl2 complete in granulosa cells, in order to maintain or not the follicle alive. FSH receptor is necessary for final follicular maturation, from the preantral stage and beyond. LH receptor is necessary for follicle ovulation. However, new genes and their regulation need to be identified as many ovarian diseases such as premature ovarian failure are not yet clarified.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Endocrinologie, Unité EA1533 Génétique de la Reproduction Humaine, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184, rue du faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Christin-Maitre
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ronci-Chaix
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bouchard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005796:Genes; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000254:growth & development; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010060:Ovulation / Q000235:genetics; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011962:Receptors, FSH / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011962:Receptors, FSH; D011974:Receptors, LH; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone