Diagnostic value of nystagmus: spontaneous and induced ocular oscillations.
Research over the past 20 years has provided a clearer understanding of the pathogenesis of most forms of nystagmus and other ocular oscillations. To the clinician, these advances translate into greater accuracy of nystagmus as a diagnostic sign. However, to capitalise on these advances, it is important to systematically examine eye movements and interpret the findings with reference to pathophysiology. In this review we describe a scheme for examining the patient with nystagmus and interpreting common ocular oscillations; some examples are provided as video clips.
Serra
A
A
Department of Neurology, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center and University Hospitals, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
Leigh
R J
RJ
D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004584:Electronystagmography; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009759:Nystagmus, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014724:Vestibular Function Tests; D014722:Vestibule, Labyrinth / Q000503:physiopathology