Strategies for prevention of toxicity caused by platinum-based chemotherapy: review and summary of the annual meeting of the Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Program, Gleneden Beach, Oregon, March 10, 2001.
OBJECTIVE
To summarize the findings relevant to otolaryngology from the annual meeting of the Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption Consortium in Gleneden Beach, Oregon, March 10, 2001.


METHODS
Summaries are provided by the speakers, as well as related data from the published literature. Findings in otology and oncology regarding ototoxicity that were discussed at the meeting are included.


RESULTS
Data considered included physiological research, animal studies, and clinical trials that relate to platinum-based chemotherapy and prevention of toxicity.


CONCLUSIONS
The dose-limiting side effects of platinum-based chemotherapy are preventable, but questions about the effect of the protective agents on oncological efficacy remain. Strategies for prevention of chemotherapy-induced toxicity include temporal or anatomical separation of cisplatin or carboplatin from sodium thiosulfate, D-methionine, or N-acetyl-cysteine. Clinical application of these methods has begun. The mechanisms presumably involve free radicals or drug conjugation, or both. Understanding the role of free radicals in medicine is likely to become important in the future.
Blakley
Brian W
BW
Department of Otolaryngology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Cohen
James I
JI
Doolittle
Nancy D
ND
Muldoon
Leslie L
LL
Campbell
K C
KC
Dickey
D Thomas
DT
Neuwelt
Edward A
EA
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008715:Methionine / Q000494:pharmacology; D017671:Platinum Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013885:Thiosulfates / Q000494:pharmacology
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D017671:Platinum Compounds; D013885:Thiosulfates; D008715:Methionine; D016190:Carboplatin; C017717:sodium thiosulfate; D002945:Cisplatin