title: Lack of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 function induces a palmitoyl-CoA Delta6 desaturase and represses the stearoyl-CoA desaturase-3 gene in the preputial glands of the mouse.
abstract: The mouse preputial gland (PG), a specialized sebaceous structure, is rich in wax esters, triglycerides, and alkyl-2,3-diacylglycerol. We have found that the mouse PG expresses the three gene isoforms (SCD1, SCD2, and SCD3) of the Delta9 stearoyl-CoA desaturase enzyme that catalyzes the biosynthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids mainly, C16:1n-7 and C18:1n-9. However, mice with a targeted disruption in the SCD1 isoform (SCD1(-/-)) have undetectable SCD3 mRNA expression in the PG while the expression of SCD2 isoform was not altered. The levels of C16:1n-7 were reduced by greater than 70% while that of C18:1n-9 were reduced by 28%. The content of the C16:1n-10 (Delta6 hexadecenoic acid) isomer and a major fatty acid of the PG was increased by greater than 2-fold, mainly in the wax ester fraction of the SCD1(-/-) mouse. We demonstrate that the increase in C16:1n-10 is due to induction of a specific palmitoyl-CoA Delta6 desaturase activity. Testosterone administration to the SCD1(-/-) mouse induced SCD3 mRNA expression and resulted in an increase in the Delta9 desaturation of 16:0-CoA, but not of 18:0-CoA. These observations demonstrate that loss of SCD1 function alters the expression of SCD3 and reveal for the first time the presence and regulation of a palmitoyl-CoA Delta6 desaturase enzyme in mammals.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin. Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Francisco Enrique
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ntambi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D012627:Sebaceous Glands / Q000378:metabolism*; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D013739:Testosterone; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; D013230:Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase; C022311:palmitoyl-CoA desaturase