title: A three-enzyme microelectrode sensor for detecting purine release from central nervous system.
abstract: As the purines, in particular adenosine, are important signaling agents in the nervous system we have devised a new biosensor for directly measuring their production in real time during physiological activity. Our amperometric adenosine biosensor is made by entrapping 3 enzymes (xanthine oxidase, purine nucleoside phosphorylase and adenosine deaminase) in a composite lactobionamide and amphiphillic polypyrrole matrix around a Pt microelectrode. The resulting sensors are small (25-100 microm diameter), fast responding (10-90% rise time, 2+/-0.23 s), sensitive (100-222 mA M(-1) cm(-2)) and stable (100% activity after 5 days). The sensor was used in vivo to demonstrate the spatial localization of release of adenosine from Xenopus embryo spinal cord during fictive swimming.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Llaudet
authors.forename: Nigel P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Botting
authors.forename: Joe A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Crayston
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dale
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism; D004566:Electrodes; D011687:Purines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014981:Xenopus
chemical_list: D011687:Purines