title: Relationships between childhood abuse and neglect experience and HIV risk behaviors among methadone treatment drop-outs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between childhood abuse/neglect experiences (sexual abuse, physical abuse, emotional abuse, and child neglect) and adult life functioning among Methadone Maintenance Treatment Program (MMTP) drop-outs.
  
  
  METHODS
  432 subjects who dropped out of MMTP were recruited in New York City in 1997-1999. Adult life functioning was measured by HIV drug and sex risk behaviors, Addiction Severity Index (ASI) composite scores, and depression. The chi(2) tests, t tests, correlation, and multiple logistic regressions were performed to examine the relationships between abuse experiences and adult life functioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of child abuse/neglect history was high among MMTP drop-outs: sexual abuse-36%; physical abuse-60%; emotional abuse-57%; child physical neglect-66%; all four experiences-25%. As assessed via ASI composite scores, those who had been abused in childhood had significantly more medical, legal, relationship, and psychological problems than those who had not. Overall, several significant associations were found between the abuse experiences and HIV risk behaviors. Those who had experienced child neglect were more likely to be HIV positive. In multivariate analyses, childhood physical abuse was a significant predictor of having multiple sex partners while depression was significantly related to injection drug use in adulthood (p<.05). There were trends for the relationships between childhood sexual abuse and HIV sex risk behavior (p<.10) and between gender and injection drug use (p<.10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings support a need for drug treatment programs that include specialized therapies for those who suffered childhood abuse and neglect experiences.
authors.affiliation: National Development and Research Institutes, Inc, 71 West 23rd Street, 8th Floor, New York, NY 10010, USA.
authors.forename: Sung Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deren
authors.forename: Marjorie F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Goldstein
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D021841:Safe Sex; D040921:Stress Disorders, Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D008691:Methadone