title: Inference of selection from multiple species alignments.
abstract: The selective pressure on a protein-coding gene can be measured by comparing silent (synonymous) and replacement (nonsynonymous) substitution rates. Higher replacement than silent rates provide unequivocal evidence for adaptive evolution driven by Darwinian selection. Previous employment of this criterion involved pairwise sequence comparison, averaging rates over time and sequences, resulting in virtually no power. Recent methods apply the criterion to particular lineages on a phylogeny or to individual sites in the gene and are much more powerful. Their application has led to detection of adaptive Darwinian selection in a number of genes and organisms.
authors.affiliation: Galton Laboratory, Department of Biology, University College London, Darwin Building, Gower Street, WC1E 6BT, London, UK. z.yang@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Ziheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids; D000818:Animals; D005399:Fishes / Q000235:genetics; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009113:Muramidase / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D009113:Muramidase; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase