title: Minimal access surgery for pediatric cochlear implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a minimal access approach for pediatric cochlear implantation to improve the acceptability of the procedure for parents, children, and the wider community, and to reduce flap-related complications of the procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective evaluation of a new surgical technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  A new approach was developed through a short, oblique, straight postauricular incision without shaving any hair. It involved drilling the bony well for the implant inside a small subperiosteal pocket.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three consecutively implanted children with the Nucleus implanted system, whose median age was 3.2 years (mean 4.1 years, range 1.6-11.2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The technique proved feasible in all the 23 children, and no major complications were encountered. Three instances of wound edema were observed early in the series; by minimizing tissue elevation and overzealous retraction, these complications were not encountered subsequently. The approach was warmly endorsed by parents, children, and caregivers, who greatly appreciated the minimal impact of the approach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed new approach is very well accepted by implanted children and their families, reduces the psychologic trauma of the intervention, and has less risks of flap complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University Hospital, Nottingham, UK. G.O'Donoghue@nottingham.ac.uk
authors.forename: Gerard M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: O'Donoghue
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Nikolopoulos
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D003638:Deafness / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011474:Prosthesis Design