Catecholamine metabolism: an update on key biosynthetic enzymes and vesicular monoamine transporters.
At the meeting, new interesting information was presented on the complex regulation of catecholamine (CA) metabolism in different catecholaminergic neuroendocrine cells. In this review we focus on the rate-limiting enzymes in CA biosynthesis, including (1) structure-function relationships, (2) transcriptional and posttranslational regulation, and (3) disease-associated mutant forms. Moreover, some recent studies on the structure and function of the vesicular monoamine transporters are discussed.
Flatmark
Torgeir
T
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Bergen, N-5009 Bergen, Norway. torgeir.flatmark@pki.uib.no
Almas
Bjørg
B
Ziegler
Michael G
MG
D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D009479:Neuropeptides; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D050492:Vesicular Biogenic Amine Transport Proteins
D002395:Catecholamines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D050492:Vesicular Biogenic Amine Transport Proteins; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase