title: Exploiting the differential production of angiogenic factors within the tumor microenvironment in the design of a novel vascular-targeted gene therapy-based approach to the treatment of cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to explore a novel strategy through which the differential production of pro-angiogenic cytokines within the tumor microenvironment can be exploited as a means of selectively killing the vascular endothelial cells upon which the survival and growth of a tumor depend.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adenoviral vectors encoding a chimeric cell surface receptor composed of the extracellular domain of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor Flk-1/KDR fused in frame to the membrane spanning and cytoplasmic domain of Fas were constructed and used to transduce primary human endothelial cells in vitro. The apoptotic response of these cells induced upon ligation of the chimeric receptor with VEGF was determined by measuring caspase-3 activation, AnnexinV-FITC binding, and the release of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The chimeric Flk-1/Fas protein is stable and expressed at high levels on the surface of adenovirally transduced cells. Upon the addition of exogenous VEGF, these cells undergo rapid apoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Receptor/Fas chimeras that recognize and bind pro-angiogenic cytokines represent a novel means by which the signal transduction events normally triggered in vascular endothelial cells upon the binding of angiogenic cytokines may be redirected toward the induction of apoptotic cell death. It is proposed that these constructs will prove of value in the further development of safe and effective vascular-targeted gene therapy-based approaches to the treatment of cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, UCLA Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1714, USA
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carpenito
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Shona T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Dougherty
authors.forename: Graeme J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Dougherty
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008024:Ligands; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019014:fas Receptor; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases