title: FRNK blocks v-Src-stimulated invasion and experimental metastases without effects on cell motility or growth.
abstract: Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) was first identified as a viral Src (v-Src) substrate, but the role of FAK in Src transformation events remains undefined. We show that stable expression of the FAK C-terminal domain (termed FRNK) in v-Src-transformed NIH 3T3 fibroblasts inhibited cell invasion through Matrigel and blocked experimental metastases in nude mice without effects on cell motility. FRNK inhibitory activity was dependent upon its focal contact localization. FRNK expression disrupted the formation of a v-Src-FAK signaling complex, inhibited p130Cas tyrosine phosphorylation, and attenuated v-Src-stimulated ERK and JNK kinase activation. However, FRNK did not affect v-Src-stimulated Akt activation, cell growth in soft agar, or subcutaneous tumor formation in nude mice. FRNK-expressing cells exhibited decreased matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) mRNA levels and MMP-2 secretion. Transient FRNK expression in human 293 cells inhibited exogenous MMP-2 promoter activity and overexpression of wild-type but not catalytically-inactive (Ala-404) MMP-2 rescued v-Src-stimulated Matrigel invasion in the presence of FRNK. Our findings show the importance of FAK in Src-stimulated cell invasion and support a role for Src-FAK signaling associated with elevated tumor cell metastases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Christof R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Hauck
authors.forename: Datsun A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hsia
authors.forename: Xose S
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Puente
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Cheresh
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Schlaepfer
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000556:secondary*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000502:physiology; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D015688:Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src) / Q000502:physiology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C113183:FAK-related nonkinase; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D015688:Oncogene Protein pp60(v-src); D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2