[Ovary genes and molecular pathology].
In the ovary, primordial follicles have to pass different stages in order to become preovulatory follicles. In the past few years, new genes and therefore new proteins have been recognized as major players in folliculogenesis. Atm, kit ligand and its receptor c-kit are necessary for the maintenance of ovarian follicle pool. GDF-9, BMP15, originating from the oocyte play a major role in early folliculogenesis. Pro and antiapoptotic proteins such as Bax and Bcl2 complete in granulosa cells, in order to maintain or not the follicle alive. FSH receptor is necessary for final follicular maturation, from the preantral stage and beyond. LH receptor is necessary for follicle ovulation. However, new genes and their regulation need to be identified as many ovarian diseases such as premature ovarian failure are not yet clarified.
Christin-Maitre
Sophie
S
Service d'Endocrinologie, Unité EA1533 Génétique de la Reproduction Humaine, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 184, rue du faubourg Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris.
Ronci-Chaix
Nathalie
N
Bouchard
Philippe
P
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005796:Genes; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000254:growth & development; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D010060:Ovulation / Q000235:genetics; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011962:Receptors, FSH / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011974:Receptors, LH / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics
D011962:Receptors, FSH; D011974:Receptors, LH; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone