title: Neurokinin-receptor-mediated depolarization of cortical neurons elicits an increase in glutamate release at excitatory synapses.
abstract: Using whole-cell patch-clamp recordings of spontaneous synaptic activity, we have previously shown that activation of neurokinin-1 (NK1) but not NK3 receptors leads to increased GABA release onto principal cells in the rat entorhinal cortex. In the present study, we examine the effect of activation of these receptors on spontaneous excitatory synaptic responses mediated by glutamate. Both neurokinin B (NKB) and the specific NK3 receptor agonist, senktide, increased the spontaneous release of glutamate, and a similar effect was also seen with substance P (SP) and other NK1 receptor agonists. The increased release induced by either SP or senktide was absent in the presence of tetrodotoxin, demonstrating that it was likely to occur via activation of presynaptic excitatory neurons. Current-clamp recordings confirmed that principal neurons were depolarized by both NK3 and NK1 agonists. However, the response to the former but not the latter persisted in tetrodotoxin, allowing us to conclude that NK3 receptor activation provoked glutamate release via recurrent collaterals between principal neurons, whereas the NK1 receptors may be localized to excitatory interneurons. Finally, the increased release induced by senktide, but not SP, was reduced by an antagonist of group III metabotropic glutamate receptors. Thus, glutamate release from recurrent collaterals is facilitated by a presynaptic group III autoreceptor [Evans, D.I.P., Jones, R.S.G. & Woodhall, G.L. (2000) J. Neurophysiol.,83, 2519-2525], whereas the terminals of neurons responsible for the NK1-receptor induced glutamate release may not bear these receptors. These results have implications for control of activity and epileptogenesis in cortical networks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and MRC Centre for Synaptic Plasticity, University of Bristol, School of Medical Sciences, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TD, UK.
authors.forename: Anne E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Stacey
authors.forename: Gavin L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Woodhall
authors.forename: Roland S G
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000818:Animals; D018728:Entorhinal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007395:Interneurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D015288:Neurokinin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D015287:Neurokinin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000502:physiology; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1 / Q000502:physiology; D018042:Receptors, Neurokinin-3 / Q000502:physiology; D018039:Receptors, Tachykinin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013373:Substance P / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D018040:Receptors, Neurokinin-1; D018042:Receptors, Neurokinin-3; D018039:Receptors, Tachykinin; C054724:senktide; D013373:Substance P; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D015288:Neurokinin A; D015287:Neurokinin B