title: Does a powder surface contain all necessary information for particle size distribution analysis?
abstract: The aim of this study was to utilise a new approach where digital image information is used in the characterisation of particle size distributions of a large set of pharmaceutical powders. A novel optical set-up was employed to create images and calculate a stereometric parameter from the digital images of powder surfaces. Analysis was made of 40 granule batches with varying particle sizes and compositions prepared with fluidised bed granulation. The extracted digital image information was then connected to particle size using multivariate modelling. The modelled particle size distributions were compared to particle size determinations with sieve analysis and laser diffraction. The results revealed that the created models corresponded well with the particle size distributions measured with sieve analysis and laser diffraction. This study shows that digital images taken from powder surfaces contain all necessary data that is needed for particle size distribution analysis. To obtain this information from images careful consideration has to be given on the imaging conditions. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the new approach is a powerful means of analysis in particle size determination. The method is fast, the sample size needed is very small and the technique enables non-destructive analysis of samples. The method is suitable in the particle size range of approximately 20-1500 microm. However, further investigations with a broad range of powders have to be made to obtain information of the possibilities and limitations of the introduced method in powder characterisation.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Department of Pharmacy, P.O. Box 56, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland. niklas.laitinen@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Laitinen
authors.forename: Osmo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Antikainen
authors.forename: Jouko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yliruusi
mesh_terms: D010316:Particle Size; D011208:Powders / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D011208:Powders