Selective stenting and the course of atherosclerotic renovascular nephropathy.
BACKGROUND
The effectiveness of percutaneous revascularisation (PTRA) in the treatment of atherosclerothic renovascular nephropathy (ARN), a leading cause of progressive renal failure, is still a matter of debate.


METHODS
we reviewed 52 patients submitted to selective stenting from 1991 to 2000 because of ARN, followed for a mean of 22.3 months before and 24.6 after the procedure, looking for complications, re-stenosis rates, blood pressure, renal function and survival.


RESULTS
Arterial patency was achieved in 97.1% of procedures (71.6% by stent deployment); complications occurred in 42% of patients, and re-stenoses in 17.3% of vessels, most often in those without a stent (31.6% vs 8.3%). No effect was detectable on hypertension and renal failure in the whole group, but in the subgroup without technical failure or early dialysis start PTRA reduced the creatinine clearance (BCRC) decline from 0.9 to 0.19 mL/min/month. At univariate analysis, BCRC outcome was better in bilateral or single kidney stenoses, proteinuria < 1 g/day, serum creatinine < 4 mg/dL and resistance index < 0.8. Survival was 68.9% at five years, with a mortality rate of 4.5/100 person-years.


CONCLUSIONS
Renal outcome of successful PTRA differs from case to case, but efficacy is substantial. Primary stenting in ostial stenosis and selection of patients based on prognostic factors seem likely to improve the effectiveness.
Campo
Andrea
A
Renal Care Unit, S. Lazzaro Hospital, Alba, Italy. andrea_campo@hotmail.com
Boero
Roberto
R
Stratta
Piero
P
Quarello
Francesco
F
D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000792:Angiography; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000379:methods*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006978:Hypertension, Renovascular / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D011336:Probability; D012078:Renal Artery Obstruction / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D012079:Renal Circulation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency