title: Recombinant alpha 1-proteinase inhibitor blocks antigen- and mediator-induced airway responses in sheep.
abstract: Alpha(1)-proteinase inhibitor (alpha(1)-PI) is a natural serine protease inhibitor. Although mainly thought to protect the airways from neutrophil elastase, alpha(1)-PI may also regulate the development of airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR), as indicated by our previous findings of an inverse relationship between lung alpha(1)-PI activity and the severity of antigen-induced AHR. Because allergic stimulation of the airways causes release of elastase, tissue kallikrein, and reactive oxygen species (ROS), all of which can reduce alpha(1)-PI activity and contribute to AHR, we hypothesized that administration of exogenous alpha(1)-PI should protect against pathophysiological airway responses caused by these agents. In untreated allergic sheep, airway challenge with elastase, xanthine/xanthine oxidase (which generates ROS), high-molecular-weight kininogen, the substrate for tissue kallikrein, and antigen resulted in bronchoconstriction. ROS and antigen also induced AHR to inhaled carbachol. Treatment with 10 mg of recombinant alpha(1)-PI (ralpha(1)-PI) blocked the bronchoconstriction caused by elastase, high-molecular-weight kininogen, and ROS, and the AHR induced by ROS and antigen. One milligram of ralpha(1)-PI was ineffective. These are the first in vivo data demonstrating the effects of ralpha(1)-PI. Our results are consistent with and extend findings obtained with human plasma-derived alpha(1)-PI and suggest that alpha(1)-PI may be important in the regulation of airway responsiveness.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Miami at Mount Sinai Medical Center, Miami Beach, Florida 33140, USA. mscuri@MSMC.com
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scuri
authors.forename: Yelena
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Botvinnikova
authors.forename: Isabel T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Lauredo
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Abraham
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000494:pharmacology; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012756:Sheep; D020840:Tissue Kallikreins / Q000378:metabolism; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin; D020840:Tissue Kallikreins