title: The promoter region of the human BUBR1 gene and its expression analysis in lung cancer.
abstract: Mitotic checkpoint impairment is present in human lung cancers with chromosomal instability (CIN). Spindle-checkpoint genes have been reported to be mutated in several human cancers, but these mutations are infrequent. Recent reports suggest that the hBUBR1 gene may play an important role in mitotic checkpoint control and in mitotic checkpoint impairment in human cancers. We analyzed the expression of hBUBR1 in lung cancer cell lines using real time quantitative RT-PCR. The expression of BUBR1 was found to be up-regulated in all of these cell lines. In addition, we cloned and characterized the promotor region of hBUBR1 and determined its genomic structure, which includes 23 exons. The open reading frame (ORF) of the hBUBR1 gene comprises exons 1 through 23. There are GC-rich regions located at the flanking region and about 150 bp upstream from exon 1. The promoter region (424 bp upstream from exon 1) showed promoter activity and includes multiple transcription factor consensus binding motifs, including those for Sp1, Nkx-2, CdxA, SRY, MyoD, Ik-2, HNF-3b, Staf, Oct-1, Nkx-2, v-Myb, and AML 1a. Multiple pathways leading to activation of those binding factors may contribute to hBUBR1 gene transcription. Knowledge of the genomic structure and the promoter region of the hBUBR1 gene will facilitate investigation of its role in mitotic checkpoint control and tumor progression in human cancers.
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seike
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gemma
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hosoya
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hosomi
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: Futoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kurimoto
authors.forename: Kazutsugu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uematsu
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takenaka
authors.forename: Akinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shibuya
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ui-Tei
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kudoh
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; C584277:BUB1 protein, human; C090464:Bub1 spindle checkpoint protein; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases