title: Pregnancy-associated and placental proteins in the placental tissue of normal pregnant women and patients with pre-eclampsia at term.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pre-eclampsia is a placental disease of unknown cause. Maternal circulating concentrations of a number of protein markers are altered (mainly increased) in pre-eclampsia in comparison with controls of matched gestational age. Inhibin A and activin A were found to be elevated even before the onset of the disease. The aim of this study was to compare the levels of inhibin A, activin A: follistatin ratio, leptin, pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A), human placental lactogen (HPL), placenta growth factor (PLGF) and pregnancy-specific beta1-glycoprotein (SP1) in placental extracts of normal pregnant women and pre-eclampsia patients at term.
  
  
  METHODS
  Placental tissue from normal pregnancies (n=14) and patients with pre-eclampsia (n=13) were collected at term (> or =37 weeks of gestation) and stored at -80 degrees C. The frozen tissue pieces were homogenised and the above-mentioned proteins were measured by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Placental contents of inhibin A and PAPP-A were significantly higher (P<0.05) in pre-eclampsia placental extracts compared with the controls. Activin A:follistatin ratio was higher (23) in pre-eclampsia extracts than in the controls (15). Leptin, PLGF, SP1 and HPL levels were not altered in the term pre-eclampsia placenta. Inhibin A and PAPP-A contents were increased in the placental extracts of pre-eclampsia patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that the placenta, possibly by a compensatory mechanism, is at least in part responsible for the altered serum levels observed in pre-eclampsia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Berne, Inselspital G3-855 KKL, CH-3010 Berne, Switzerland. nick.bersinger@dkf2.unibe.ch
authors.forename: Nick A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Bersinger
authors.forename: Nigel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Groome
authors.forename: Shanthi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muttukrishna
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000378:metabolism*; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D011257:Pregnancy Proteins