title: Clinical phenotyping strategies in selection of tobacco smokers for future genotyping studies.
abstract: Various behavioral and chemical measures were studied as potential simplified phenotyping techniques in overnight abstinent tobacco smokers. Irrespective of the machine-rated nicotine delivery (yield) of the cigarette used, there was a statistically significant correlation between the number of cigarettes consumed per day and overnight abstinence plasma cotinine concentration (r=.88) and its calculated nicotine dose per day (r=.88). Exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) levels correlated well with the number of cigarettes smoked (r=.83) and the Fagerström dependence scores (r=.85). The greater the Fagerström scores, the greater the daily cigarette consumption and plasma cotinine concentrations. After overnight abstinence, the baseline mean+/-S.D. heart rate was 62.9+/-10.0/min, the systolic blood pressure was 115.6+/-13.3 mm Hg and the diastolic blood pressure was 67.1+/-10.9 mm Hg. There were no statistically significant gender differences. Persons who were outliers on any measure are potential candidates for future genotyping studies. Preliminary guidelines of what is needed are described.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Michigan. Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0632, USA. efdabcde@umich.edu
authors.forename: Edward F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Domino
authors.forename: Lisong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000097:blood; D003367:Cotinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009538:Nicotine / Q000097:blood; D010641:Phenotype; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics* / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D020340:Tobacco Use Cessation; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D003367:Cotinine