title: Supplementation with 3 compositionally different tocotrienol supplements does not improve cardiovascular disease risk factors in men and women with hypercholesterolemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tocotrienols have been reported to lower LDL-cholesterol and fasting glucose concentrations and to have potent antioxidant effects, but the results are contradictory.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to study the relative effect of tocotrienol supplements of different compositions (mixed alpha- plus gamma-, high gamma-, or P25-complex tocotrienol) on blood lipids, fasting blood glucose, and the excretion of 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha), a measure of oxidative stress, in healthy hypercholesterolemic men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a double-blind, randomized, parallel-design study in which subjects (n = 67 men and women) consumed 1 of 3 commercially available tocotrienol supplements or a safflower oil placebo for 28 d. Blood and urine samples were obtained before and after the 28-d supplementation phase for analysis of fasting blood lipids, glucose, tocotrienols and tocopherols, and 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, serum tocotrienols were increased in subjects who consumed tocotrienols, which showed that the putatively active components were absorbed. No significant differences in mean lipid or glucose concentrations were observed among the 4 treatment groups at the end of the 28-d supplementation phase. However, when the values were expressed as a percentage change from the concentrations during the presupplementation run-in phase, LDL cholesterol increased slightly (7 +/- 2%) but significantly (P < 0.05) in the group consuming the mixed alpha- plus gamma-tocotrienol supplement when compared with LDL cholesterol in the group consuming the P25-complex tocotrienol. Neither mean concentrations nor the percentage change in 8-iso-prostaglandin F(2alpha) differed significantly among treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation with 200 mg tocotrienols/d from 3 commercially available sources has no beneficial effect on key cardiovascular disease risk factors in highly compliant adults with elevated blood lipid concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Strategic Discovery Research & Development, Ross Products Division, Abbott Laboratories, Columbus, OH 43215-1724, USA. vikkie.mustad@abbott.com
authors.forename: Vikkie A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Mustad
authors.forename: Carla A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Ruey
authors.forename: Neile K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Edens
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: DeMichele
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D002839:Chromans / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D012307:Risk Factors; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000097:blood; D024508:Tocotrienols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D002839:Chromans; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D010919:Placebos; D024508:Tocotrienols; D014810:Vitamin E; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; C013649:plastochromanol 8; D002784:Cholesterol; C082032:tocotrienol, alpha; D015237:Dinoprost; D024505:Tocopherols