title: 15-PGJ2, but not thiazolidinediones, inhibits cell growth, induces apoptosis, and causes downregulation of Stat3 in human oral SCCa cells.
abstract: Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) has been linked to induction of differentiation, cell growth inhibition and apoptosis in several types of human cancer. However, the possible effects of PPARgamma agonists on human oral squamous cell carcinoma have not yet been reported. In this study, treatment with 15-deoxy-Delta(12,14)-PGJ(2) (15-PGJ(2)), a natural PPARgamma ligand, induced a significant reduction of oral squamous cell carcinoma cell growth, which was mainly attributed to upregulation of apoptosis. Interestingly, rosiglitazone and ciglitazone, two members of the thiazolidinedione family of PPARgamma activators, did not exert a growth inhibitory effect. Given the critical role that the oncogene signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) plays in head and neck carcinogenesis, its potential regulation by PPARgamma ligands was also examined. Treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells with 15-PGJ(2) induced an initial reduction and eventual elimination of both phosphorylated and unphosphorylated Stat3 protein levels. In contrast, other PPARgamma did not induce similar effects. Our results provide the first evidence of significant antineoplastic effects of 15-PGJ(2) on human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells, which may be related to downmodulation of Stat3 and are at least partly mediated through PPARgamma-independent events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Sciences and Pathology, University of Maryland, 666 W. Baltimore Street, Room 4-C-02, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. nin001@dental.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Nikitakis
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Siavash
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hebert
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hamburger
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sauk
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C097240:15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2; D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; D013844:Thiazoles; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C089946:2,4-thiazolidinedione; D015230:Prostaglandin D2