title: Adenosine affects expression of membrane molecules, cytokine and chemokine release, and the T-cell stimulatory capacity of human dendritic cells.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) express functional purinergic type 1 receptors, but the effects of adenosine in these antigen-presenting cells have been only marginally investigated. Here, we further characterized the biologic activity of adenosine in immature DCs (iDCs) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-matured DCs (mDCs). Chronic stimulation with adenosine enhanced the macropinocytotic activity and the membrane expression of CD80, CD86, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, and HLA-DR molecules on iDCs. Adenosine also increased LPS-induced CD54, CD80, MHC class I, and HLA-DR molecule expression in mDCs. In addition, adenosine dose-dependently inhibited tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-12 (IL-12) release, whereas it enhanced the secretion of IL-10 from mDCs. The use of selective receptor agonists revealed that the modulation of the cytokine and cell-surface marker profile was due to activation of A(2) adenosine receptor. Functionally, adenosine reduced the allostimulatory capacity of iDCs, but not of mDCs. More important, DCs matured in the presence of adenosine had a reduced capacity to induce T helper 1 (Th1) polarization of naive CD4(+) T lymphocytes. Finally, adenosine augmented the release of the chemokine CCL17 and inhibited CXCL10 production by mDCs. In aggregate, the results provide initial evidence that adenosine diminishes the capacity of DCs to initiate and amplify Th1 immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Dermatology and Pneumology, University of Freiburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Panther
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corinti
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Idzko
authors.forename: Yared
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Herouy
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Napp
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: la Sala
authors.forename: Giampiero
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Girolomoni
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Norgauer
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018925:Chemokines / Q000097:blood*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood; D007700:Kinetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C056426:CGS 24012; C084956:N(6)-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-N-methylcarboxamidoadenosine; D018664:Interleukin-12; D000241:Adenosine