title: Selective inhibition of protein kinases blocks the formation of a new axis, the beginning of budding, in Hydra.
abstract: In Hydra, head regeneration and bud formation appear to be very similar processes. The fact that there are genes whose expression is specific for one of the two processes suggests that they do not have identical molecular bases. We analyzed the signal transduction pathways regulating bud development using inhibitors of protein kinase C, Src, PI3K and ERK. The four inhibitors reversibly blocked bud formation in Hydra when applied before stage 1. Once the bud reached stage 3, three of them had no effect and the bud developed normally. The inhibitors blocked the expression of Budhead, an early head marker, and of CnOtx which are specific for bud formation. The results are in agreement with the central role of a signaling pathway mediated by Src on bud development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mexico, Mexico.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fabila
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Bode
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Salgado
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006829:Hydra / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology*; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases