title: The role of BCG in human immune responses induced by multiple injections of autoclaved Leishmania major as a candidate vaccine against leishmaniasis.
abstract: To determine if BCG was required in booster injections for autoclaved Leishmania major (ALM) vaccine, 75 volunteers with no response to leishmanin were injected double-blind and randomly with either ALM+BCG or BCG alone for the first injection and boosted either with ALM+BCG, ALM or BCG alone for the second and third. Addition of BCG to the boosters significantly increased the frequency and the magnitude of leishmanin skin tests (LSTs); however, there was no difference in proliferative and IFN-gamma responses (a month and a year later). Three injections of BCG produced no observable adverse reaction; hence BCG could be used in booster injections to increase the protective potential of this candidate vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Mohammad Hossein
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Alimohammadian
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khamesipour
authors.forename: Haiedeh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Darabi
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Firooz
authors.forename: Shirin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Malekzadeh
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bahonar
authors.forename: Yahya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dowlati
authors.forename: Farrokh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Modabber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000276:immunology*; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D054332:Leishmaniasis Vaccines; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine; D054332:Leishmaniasis Vaccines; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; C416262:autoclaved Leishmania major vaccine; D007371:Interferon-gamma