title: Rapid and noninvasive diagnosis of the presence and severity of coronary heart disease using 1H-NMR-based metabonomics.
abstract: Although a wide range of risk factors for coronary heart disease have been identified from population studies, these measures, singly or in combination, are insufficiently powerful to provide a reliable, noninvasive diagnosis of the presence of coronary heart disease. Here we show that pattern-recognition techniques applied to proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectra of human serum can correctly diagnose not only the presence, but also the severity, of coronary heart disease. Application of supervised partial least squares-discriminant analysis to orthogonal signal-corrected data sets allows >90% of subjects with stenosis of all three major coronary vessels to be distinguished from subjects with angiographically normal coronary arteries, with a specificity of >90%. Our studies show for the first time a technique capable of providing an accurate, noninvasive and rapid diagnosis of coronary heart disease that can be used clinically, either in population screening or to allow effective targeting of treatments such as statins.
authors.affiliation: Biological Chemistry, Biomedical Sciences Division, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Sir Alexander Fleming Building, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London, UK.
authors.forename: Joanne T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Brindle
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Antti
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tranter
authors.forename: Jeremy K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: Hugh W L
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Bethell
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schofield
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McKilligin
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Mosedale
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Grainger
mesh_terms: D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / Q000379:methods*