title: Metabolic fate of pitavastatin (NK-104), a new inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase. Effects on drug-metabolizing systems in rats and humans.
abstract: Pitavastatin (CAS 147526-32-7, NK-104) is a new and very potent competitive inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase and has been approved for treatment of hyperlipoproteinaemia. Pitavastatin has been studied for its effects on hepatic microsomal drug metabolism in rats, and the activities of several drug-metabolizing enzymes have been measured. No induction of the drug metabolizing enzymes (aniline hydroxylase, aminopyrine N-demethylase, 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase and UDP-glucuronic acid transferase) was found in the pitavastatin group compared to the control after the multiple administrations of pitavastatin at the dosage of 1-10 mg/kg per day for 7 days. Based on several different in vitro approaches, it is concluded that CYP2C9 is the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of pitavastatin and no metabolite is present in renal and intestinal microsomes. The CYP2C9 polymorphism was not involved in the pitavastatin metabolism. No inhibitory effect in CYP-mediated metabolism was detected on the tolbutamide 4-hydroxylation (CYP2C9) and testosterone 6 beta-hydroxylation (CYP3A4) in the presence of pitavastatin. The results suggested that pitavastatin did not affect the drug-metabolizing systems.
authors.affiliation: Tokyo Research Laboratories, Kowa Company Ltd., Higashimurayama, Tokyo, Japan. h-fujino@kowa.co.jp
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Syunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoneda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics; D001711:Biotransformation; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011804:Quinolines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D011804:Quinolines; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C450260:CYP2C9 protein, human; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C108475:pitavastatin