title: Contribution of mineral waters to dietary calcium and magnesium intake in a French adult population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the contribution of mineral water containing different amounts of calcium and magnesium to the total dietary intakes of these minerals
  
  
  METHODS
  Matched case control study using data issued from the Supplementation en Vitamines et Minéraux Antioxydants (SU.VI.MAX) cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were water consumers-240 men and 424 women-divided into the following 4 groups (n=166 per group): regular drinkers of a calcium-rich and magnesium-rich mineral water (calcium, 486 mg/L; magnesium, 84 mg/ L), drinkers of a water classified as a moderately mineralized content (calcium, 202 mg/L; magnesium, 36 mg/L), drinkers of 2 low-mineralized waters (calcium, 9.9 to 67.6 mg/L and magnesium, 1.6 to 2 mg/L, respectively), and drinkers of tap waters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Quantitative data were compared using student's t test. Mean comparisons were performed in multivariate analysis by analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dietary calcium intake provided by the various food groups did not differ between the 4 consumer groups, except for calcium provided by mineral water. According to its calcium concentration, mineral water may contribute to one fourth of the total daily calcium intake. Subjects who regularly drink mineral-rich water have a calcium intake that is significantly higher (P< 10(-3)) than those drinking either low-mineral-content water or tap water. Dietary magnesium intake provided by the various food groups did not differ between the 4 consumer groups, except for magnesium provided by mineral water. Depending on the magnesium concentration of the mineral water, it contributed 6% to 17% of total daily magnesium intake. Drinkers of magnesium-rich mineral water and water with a moderate mineral content had magnesium intakes significantly (P< 10(-3)) higher than those of drinkers on low-mineralized or tap water.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mineral-rich water may provide an important supplementary contribution to total calcium and magnesium intake. For dietetics professionals, it may provide-in place of the usual recommendations concerning the consumption of dairy products-a good way to improve calcium and magnesium intakes, particularly in subjects who don't like dairy products.
authors.affiliation: Institut Scientifique et Technique de la Nutrition et l'Alimentation, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, Paris, France.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galan
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Arnaud
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Czernichow
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Delabroise
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Preziosi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bertrais
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Franchisseur
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maurel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Favier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hercberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008900:Mineral Waters / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D015999:Multivariate Analysis
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D008900:Mineral Waters; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium