title: Optokinetic nystagmus, vection, and motion sickness.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Two current theories concerning the etiology of motion sickness (MS)-the eye movement hypothesis and sensory conflict theory-were evaluated under conditions that manipulated the degree of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) and/or vection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eye movement and perceptual responses were elicited with whole field stimulation in a vertically striped rotating drum and modulated with fixation and/or a restriction of the field of view (FOV). Measures of OKN, vection, and MS were recorded under the various conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both visual field restriction and/or fixation diminished circular vection, OKN, and MS. Conditions involving both fixation and restricted FOV resulted in greater reductions in MS than did either restriction alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings lend support to a multi-factor explanation of MS, involving both sensory conflict and eye movement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, College of Sciences, University of New Orleans, Lakefront, LA 70148, USA. mbflanagan2002@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Moira B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Flanagan
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Dobie
mesh_terms: D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018470:Gravity, Altered; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009041:Motion Sickness / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017120:Nystagmus, Optokinetic / Q000502:physiology*; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D012399:Rotation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*