title: Recession of the inferior rectus muscle under topical anesthesia in thyroid ophthalmopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the results of inferior rectus muscle recession with adjustable loop suture under topical anesthesia for vertical deviations secondary to thyroid ophthalmopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients with a vertical deviation greater than 15 PD and severe limitation of upgaze were enrolled in the study. Before proceeding with corrective strabismus surgery, we waited at least 6 months after stabilization of ocular alignment and normalization of thyroid chemistries. All patients underwent inferior rectus muscle recession with adjustable loop suture under topical anesthesia. The postsurgical follow-up was at least 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperatively, the mean vertical deviation was 24 PD. At 1 year postoperatively, it had decreased to 2.4 PD. Two patients were orthotropic and 3 patients had residual hypotropia ranging from 2 to 6 PD. The limitation of upgaze was relieved significantly in the postoperative period. Two patients had minimal limitation of downgaze, but none complained of diplopia in the primary or reading positions. Surgery did not trigger a flare-up of orbital inflammation in the early postoperative period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We advocate that recession of the inferior rectus muscle with adjustable loop suture under topical anesthesia is safe and effective in patients with thyroid ophthalmopathy.
authors.affiliation: Ege University School of Medicine, Ophthalmology Department, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Süheyla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Köse
authors.forename: Onder
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Uretmen
authors.forename: Sinan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Emre
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pamukcu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D012449:Safety; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome