title: Do condoms prevent genital HPV infection, external genital warts, or cervical neoplasia? A meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although condoms most likely prevent HIV infection, evidence of their effectiveness against other sexually transmitted diseases is mixed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of the study was to determine whether condom use prevents genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV-related conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a literature review and meta-analysis of the effect of condom use on the prevention of genital warts, subclinical HPV infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and invasive cervical cancer (ICC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 27 estimates from 20 studies, there was no consistent evidence that condom use reduces the risk of becoming HPV DNA-positive. However, risk for genital warts, CIN of grade II or III (CIN II or III), and ICC was somewhat reduced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Available data are too inconsistent to provide precise estimates. However, they suggest that while condoms may not prevent HPV infection, they may protect against genital warts, CIN II or III, and ICC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Manhart
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Koutsky
mesh_terms: D017280:Condoms; D003218:Condylomata Acuminata / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011477:Sex Work; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology