title: Removal efficiency and homologue patterns of dioxins in drinking water treatment.
abstract: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (Co-PCBs) analyses in raw and treated water throughout Japan were implemented to identify the concentration and homologue patterns of dioxins before and after the water treatment process. In 40 surface water and 5 ground water treatment plants, the removal efficiency of dioxins and the influence of extent chlorination on dioxins increase in drinking water were also studied. Raw water and treated water were sampled twice, summer and winter. The mean concentration in raw water and treated water of dioxins was 56.45 pg/L (0.15 pg WHO-TEQ/L) and 4.24 pg/L (0.019 pg WHO-TEQ/L), respectively. Location of water treatment plants not only significantly influenced the concentration level of dioxins but also resulted in different homologue patterns of dioxins. Levels of dioxins in ground water were much less than that of surface water in both raw and treated water. This study shows most dioxin congeners are well removed (87% removal efficiency) by water treatment. However, in some water treatment plants, the level of TeCDFs (pg WHO-TEQ/L) increased as a result of chlorination.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urban Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. khk228@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hyun-koo
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Tasuku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.forename: Yasumoto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Magara
mesh_terms: D004147:Dioxins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical