title: Quinine sulfate and bacterial invasion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As many patients who receive antimalarial drugs for treatment of noninfectious, inflammatory diseases are also immunosuppressed and might have a concomitant bacterial infection, we studied the effectiveness of these drugs against bacterial infections, to find out whether they could protect against (and even treat) such conditions and obviate the need for an additional antibiotic drug.
  
  
  METHODS
  Effect of QS on bacterial growth: Escherichia coli (E. coli) HB101 pRI203 were cultured overnight at 37 degrees C in TSB and inoculated (approx 1 x 10(7) cells/ml) in MEM in the presence of QS at various concentrations (0, 50 and 100 microM).The effect of QS at concentration of 50 and 100 microM on the entry process of E. coli HB101 pRI203 into HeLa cells was studied under different experimental conditions: 1. QS was incubated with 3 x 10(5) HeLa cells for 60 min at 37 degrees C prior to infection. 2. QS was added to HeLa cell monolayers during the infection period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  QS showed no antibacterial activity after 24 h of incubation. The invasive efficiency of the bacteria was significantly inhibited at a dose-dependent manner, when QS was added to HeLa cells for 60 min at 37 degrees C prior to infection (condition 1), and to a lesser extent when added during the period of infection (condition 2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the antimalarials are generally regarded as being inactive against most extracellular bacterial species, our results indicate that QS significantly inhibited the internalization/invasion efficacy of E. coli in the host cells.
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, Rechovot, Israel. wolf_r@netvision.net.il
authors.forename: Ronni
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Adone
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baroni
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Donnarumma
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruocco
authors.forename: Maria Antonietta
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tufano
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ruocco