title: Managing chronic pain of spinal origin after lumbar surgery: the role of decompressive surgery.
abstract: METHODS
  A literature review was conducted.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide an evidence-based approach for patients with neurogenic symptoms after lumbar surgery.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Patients may present with chronic pain of spinal origin after lumbar surgery. Failure to decompress the involved neural structures adequately or progression of the underlying degenerative condition may lead to neurologic symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature search of peer-reviewed publications that investigate etiologies and treatments for neurogenic pain in patients who have undergone previous spinal surgery was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the absence of profound or progressive neurologic deficits, most patients with chronic back and leg pain who have undergone previous spinal surgery should be treated nonoperatively. Additional decompressive surgical intervention may be justified in patients with well-defined, discrete pathology amenable to surgical correction who have been refractory to conservative care. The surgery typically will include meticulous decompression of the affected neural structures and may include arthrodesis to address any deformity or instability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a patient presenting with neurogenic symptoms after lumbar surgery, a meticulous workup is required to elucidate the source of these symptoms. Surgical indications are similar to those for primary lumbar spinal surgery and include a well-defined anatomic source of neural compression that is amenable to a surgical solution.
authors.affiliation: University of Chicago Spine Center, Section of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chicago, Illinois 60640, USA. fphillip@weisshospital.org
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cunningham
mesh_terms: D001416:Back Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D017586:Diskectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008161:Lumbosacral Region; D011843:Radiculopathy / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D012086:Reoperation; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery