title: Detection of pathogenic Listeria spp. in zoo animal faeces: use of immunomagnetic separation and a chromogenic isolation medium.
abstract: Faecal samples, collected from 200 healthy animals in Antwerp Zoo, were examined for the presence of pathogenic Listeria spp. A two-stage standard isolation (ISO) method was combined with immunomagnetic separation (IMS). ALOA agar, a chromogenic isolation medium, differentiating Listeria spp. on the basis of beta-glucosidase and phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C (PIPLC) activity, was compared with PALCAM agar. Confirmation of the isolates was based on conventional biochemical tests and a disc test, which detects a specific aminopeptidase produced by all Listeria spp. except Listeria monocytogenes. Listeria spp. were isolated from 42 (21.0%), L. monocytogenes from 14 (7.0%), and Listeria ivanovii from two (1.0%) faecal samples. The application of IMS after primary enrichment detected pathogenic Listeria spp. in 12 (6.0%) samples. The ISO method, combining primary and secondary enrichment, detected pathogenic Listeria spp. in 15 (7.5%) samples. The sensitivity of IMS compared to the ISO method was 73.3% and the specificity was 99.5%. ALOA agar was superior to PALCAM agar for isolation of Listeria spp. The disc test identified all L. monocytogenes isolates. IMS after primary enrichment was a suitable screening method, but secondary enrichment increased the number of positive samples.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Department, Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp, Koningin Astridplein 26, B-2018, Antwerp, Belgium. luc.bauwens@zooantwerpen.be
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bauwens
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vercammen
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hertsens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo / Q000382:microbiology*; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D018189:Immunomagnetic Separation / Q000662:veterinary; D008087:Listeria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009426:Netherlands
chemical_list: D002863:Chromogenic Compounds