title: Relational theory and cultural enhancement interventions for African American adolescent girls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study tested the effectiveness of two culturally appropriate substance abuse prevention intervention programs for African American girls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Project Naja recruited 210 girls ages 10-12 from schools in a low-income ward in Washington, D.C., to participate in a 2.5- year, three-phase intervention to develop strong ethnic and gender identity. The Cultural Enhancement Project recruited sixth grade girls in Richmond, Virginia, for a 15-week curriculum. The author collected pre- and post-test data on cultural, drug, and sex measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Project Naja participants in the intervention group scored significantly higher on Africentric values and racial identity than comparison group participants. They also had more positive concepts of their physical appearance. In the Cultural Enhancement Project, girls in the intervention group scored higher on the global African American identity scale. There was a trend toward significance in increased percentage of androgyny for girls in the intervention group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevention programs should include a component directed at strengthening ethnic identity and other protective factors (self-esteem, positive peer support, and skill-enhancement).
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, P.O. Box 842018, Richmond, VA 23284-2018, USA. fzbelgra@saturn.vcu.edu
authors.forename: Faye Z
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Belgrave
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D016497:Adolescent Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002662:Child Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D004219:District of Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005195:Family Relations; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D016901:Intergenerational Relations; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D010379:Peer Group; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012309:Risk-Taking; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D012933:Social Identification; D012944:Social Support; D012945:Social Values; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014768:Virginia / Q000453:epidemiology