title: Perception of tilt and ocular torsion of normal human subjects during eccentric rotation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors hypothesized that a nonvisual measure of the subjective horizontal during eccentric rotation is a reliable method for evaluating the spatial orientation of normal subjects during such rotation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Eccentric rotation is a promising tool for the evaluation of otolithic function in healthy subjects and in patients. Although eye torsion is an objective measurement, it is also affected by angular acceleration/deceleration. Subjective horizontal is more accurately related to the changes in linear acceleration, but visual judgments of orientation are confounded by ocular torsion.
  
  
  METHODS
  20 subjects were tested during eccentric yaw rotation in both directions, generating centripetal acceleration directed along the interaural axis ranging from 0.38 g to 1 g. Perception of body tilt in roll and in pitch was recorded in darkness using verbal reports and a somatosensory plate that the subjects maintained parallel to the perceived horizon. Torsion of the eyes was recorded by a video camera.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perceived roll tilt was close to the tilt of the gravito-inertial acceleration vector. However, there were differences in perceived roll and pitch tilt between facing-motion and back-to-motion headings, presumably related to the direction of the tangential acceleration. Ocular torsion was dependent on both angular and centripetal accelerations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Measurement of perceived roll and pitch tilt using a somatosensory plate is a reproducible method for quantifying the effects of linear accelerations during eccentric rotation. This method may prove useful for the diagnosis of otolithic dysfunction in dizziness and in patients with vestibular disorders.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Toulouse, France. gclement@cerco.ups-tlse.fr
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.forename: Fernanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maciel
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Deguine
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000328:Adult; D002498:Centrifugation; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006112:Gravitation; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007699:Kinesthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology*; D010037:Otolithic Membrane / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013026:Space Flight; D014102:Torsion Abnormality; D014724:Vestibular Function Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014741:Video Recording