Human exposure following Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection of multiple animal species in a Metropolitan Zoo.
From 1997 to 2000, Mycobacterium tuberculosis was diagnosed in two Asian elephants (Elephas maximus), three Rocky Mountain goats (Oreamnos americanus), and one black rhinoceros (Diceros bicornis) in the Los Angeles Zoo. DNA fingerprint patterns suggested recent transmission. An investigation found no active cases of tuberculosis in humans; however, tuberculin skin-test conversions in humans were associated with training elephants and attending an elephant necropsy.
Oh
Peter
P
California Department of Health Services, Berkley, California 94704, USA.
Granich
Reuben
R
Scott
Jim
J
Sun
Ben
B
Joseph
Michael
M
Stringfield
Cynthia
C
Thisdell
Susan
S
Staley
Jothan
J
Workman-Malcolm
Donna
D
Borenstein
Lee
L
Lehnkering
Eleanor
E
Ryan
Patrick
P
Soukup
Jeanne
J
Nitta
Annette
A
Flood
Jennifer
J
D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo / Q000382:microbiology*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015141:Los Angeles; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014374:Tuberculin Test; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000635:transmission*; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission*