title: Coreceptor usage and biological phenotypes of HIV-1 isolates.
abstract: The discovery of chemokine receptors as HIV-1 entry molecules or "coreceptors" has lead to a greater understanding of how HIV-1 infects human cells. This has provided insight into the biological properties of HIV-1 isolates and unravelled the meaning of the syncytium-inducing and non-syncytium-inducing phenotypes. Understanding how HIV-1 exploits these coreceptors has given way to novel approaches to controlling HIV. As a result a new class of drugs has emerged that are being tested to prevent virus infection and to act as an alternative, or adjunct, to existing anti-retroviral drugs for HIV-infected individuals.
authors.affiliation: AIDS Virus Research Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa.
authors.forename: Tonie
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cilliers
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morris
mesh_terms: D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D014644:Genetic Variation; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000502:physiology*; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D015728:Receptors, HIV