title: Versatile regulation of cytosolic Ca2+ by vanilloid receptor I in rat dorsal root ganglion neurons.
abstract: Analysis of small dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons revealed novel functions for vanilloid receptor 1 (VR1) in the regulation of cytosolic Ca(2+). The VR1 agonist capsaicin induced Ca(2+) mobilization from intracellular stores in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+), and this release was inhibited by the VR1 antagonist capsazepine but was unaffected by the phospholipase C inhibitor xestospongins, indicating that Ca(2+) mobilization was dependent on capsaicin receptor binding and was not due to intracellular inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate generation. Confocal microscopy revealed extensive expression of VR1 on endoplasmic reticulum, consistent with VR1 operating as a Ca(2+) release receptor. The main part of the capsaicin-releasable Ca(2+) store was insensitive to thapsigargin, a selective endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitor, suggesting that VR1 might be predominantly localized to a thapsigargin-insensitive endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) store. In addition, VR1 was observed to behave as a store-operated Ca(2+) influx channel. In DRG neurons, capsazepine attenuated Ca(2+) influx following thapsigargin-induced Ca(2+) store depletion and inhibited thapsigargin-induced inward currents. Conversely, transfected HEK-293 cells expressing VR1 showed enhanced Ca(2+) influx and inward currents following Ca(2+) store depletion. Combined data support topographical and functional diversity for VR1 in the regulation of cytosolic Ca(2+) with the plasma membrane-associated form behaving as a store-operated Ca(2+) influx channel and endoplasmic reticulum-associated VR1 possibly functioning as a Ca(2+) release receptor in sensory neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, St. Bartholomew's, Mile End Road, London EC1 4NS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Meng-Chuan
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Charalambos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Magoulas
authors.forename: John V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Priestley
authors.forename: Nick J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Willmott
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels
chemical_list: D011955:Receptors, Drug; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C494484:TRPV1 receptor; D002118:Calcium