title: Evaluation of percutaneous absorption of 4-nerolidylcathecol from four topical formulations.
abstract: Antioxidants such as vitamins E and C are known to play a significant role in ameliorating or preventing oxidative damage to the skin. However, to provide a satisfactory protection they must first permeate the skin, which serves as a permeation barrier. In this study we evaluated the influence of three different formulations (gel, gel-emulsion and emulsion) on the percutaneous absorption of 4-nerolidylcathecol, an antioxidant compound isolated from Pothomorphe umbellata root extracts. Also, the absorption of the isolated 4-nerolidylcathecol was compared with its absorption when dried P. umbellata root ethanolic extract was incorporated into a gel formulation. The 'lag time method' was employed for the analysis of the in vitro permeation data. All formulations showed satisfactory percutaneous penetration with the 4-nerolidylcathecol-gel presenting a higher rate of penetration leading to higher dry drug levels in the tissue.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av Lineu Prestes, 580, SP 05508-900, São Paulo, Brazil. cdropke@usp.br
authors.forename: Cristina D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Röpke
authors.forename: Telma M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Renata M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Vanessa V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: da Silva
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Tânia C H
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Massuo J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Silvia B M
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Barros
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D002396:Catechols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D026321:Piperaceae; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018517:Plant Roots; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C110583:4-nerolidylcatechol; D002396:Catechols; D010936:Plant Extracts