title: Helicobacter pylori genotypes in Israeli children: the significance of geography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is substantial genetic variation among different isolates of Helicobacter pylori, which may affect the clinical outcome. The aims of this study were to find the common H. pylori genotypes in Israeli children and to look for a possible genotype-phenotype correlation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-eight H. pylori cultures were isolated from antral biopsy specimens of symptomatic Israeli children and were analyzed for vacA and iceA genotype and cagA and cagE status by polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  cagA and cagE genes were present in only 25.5% and 24.5%, respectively. The common vacA genotype was s2m2, which was found in 65%. Eleven specimens (11%) contained multiple vacA genotypes. iceA1 was found in 37% and iceA2 in 52% of cases. Both iceA alleles were found in 11%. Increased prevalence of iceA1 and cagE were observed in children with duodenal disease, although it did not reach significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The low prevalence of cagA and the high prevalence of vacA genotype s2m2 in Israeli pediatric patients are different from the genotype prevalence reported globally. However, similar findings have been reported in Egypt, indicating a possible geographic influence. There is a possible correlation between duodenal ulcer and cag E and ice A1 genotype, but the power of the study was too low to prove it.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
authors.forename: Shmuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benenson
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Halle
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rudensky
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Faber
authors.forename: Yechiel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Schlesinger
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Branski
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rabinowitz
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilschanski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000382:microbiology; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C103937:PicB protein, Helicobacter pylori; C074689:VacA protein, Helicobacter pylori; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori; C063113:ice nucleation protein