title: Piritrexim in advanced, refractory carcinoma of the urothelium (E3896): a phase II trial of the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group.
abstract: This was a single-agent phase II clinical trial of the antifol piritrexim in patients with advanced transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with previously-treated, advanced urothelial carcinoma were treated with oral piritrexim at a dose of 25 mg three times daily for 5 consecutive days each week for 3 consecutive weeks followed by a 1-week rest period. Courses were repeated every 28 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-five patients were enrolled in the study, with 28 patients evaluable for survival and toxicity and 27 evaluable for response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Myelosuppression was the major dose-limiting toxicity, with WHO grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia in 4 patients, granulocytopenia in 1 patient, and anemia in 3 patients. Grade 3 nonhematologic toxicity consisted of neuropathy in 5 patients, hepatotoxicity in 2, nausea in 2, and 1 each with pulmonary toxicity and rash.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 27 patients evaluable for response, 2 (7%) achieved an objective response, lasting 112 and 142 days, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Piritrexim has minimal activity in patients with previously treated transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder, regardless of prior exposure to methotrexate, and further evaluation of this compound in this clinical setting is not warranted.
authors.affiliation: Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Nashville, TN, USA. bruce.roth@vanderbilt.edu
authors.forename: Bruce J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manola
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dreicer
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilding
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D024221:Antineoplastic Protocols; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014481:United States; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019459:Urothelium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D011743:Pyrimidines; C024530:piritrexim