title: Modulation of cardiac action potential and underlying ionic currents by the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Organophosphorus, DDT, and pyrethroid insecticides are potent neurotoxic compounds. In addition, serious cardiovascular toxic manifestations such as ventricular arrhythmias have been reported. The objective of the present work was to study possible cardiac electrophysiologic effects of the type II pyrethroid, deltamethrin.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of deltamethrin were studied in enzymatically isolated cat ventricular myocytes. Whole cell, patch-clamp technique was used in current- and voltage-clamp modes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Deltamethrin significantly increased action potential duration. Under voltage-clamp conditions, the most striking effects of deltamethrin were on sodium current. Pyrethroid induced a sustained component of the sodium current and caused a negative shift in current-voltage relation for peak current. The drug also slightly inhibited delayed rectifying outward potassium current.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pyrethroid type II, deltamethrin, increased action potential duration due to modulation of sodium current. This effect of deltamethrin can be potentially arrhythmogenic because it can induce Q-T prolongation of ECG and ventricular arrhythmias of the torsade-de-pointes type.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Centro Básico de la Universidad Autónoma de Aguascalientes, Aguascalientes, Mexico.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de la Cerda
authors.forename: Ricardo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Navarro-Polanco
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Chapula
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007477:Ions; D007700:Kinetics; D009132:Muscles / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D009570:Nitriles; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D007477:Ions; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin