title: Expression profiling following traumatic brain injury: a review.
abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) elicits a complex sequence of putative autodestructive and neuroprotective cellular cascades. It is hypothesized that the genomic responses of cells in the injured brain serve as the basis for these cascades. Traditional methods for analyzing differential gene expression following brain trauma demonstrate that immediate early genes, cytokines, transcription factors, and neurotrophic factors can all participate in the brain's active and directed response to injury, and may do so concurrently. It is this complexity and multiplicity of interrelated molecular mechanisms that has demanded new methods for comprehensive and parallel evaluation of putative as well as novel gene targets. Recent advances in DNA microarray technology have enabled the simultaneous evaluation of thousands of genes and the subsequent generation of massive amounts of biological data relevant to CNS injury. This emerging technology can serve to further current knowledge regarding recognized molecular cascades as well as to identify novel molecular mechanisms that occur throughout the post-traumatic period. The elucidation of the complex alterations in gene expression underlying the pathological sequelae following TBI is of central importance in the design of future therapeutic agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
authors.forename: Paolo G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Marciano
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Eberwine
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ragupathi
authors.forename: Kathryn E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Saatman
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Meaney
authors.forename: Tracy K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: McIntosh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis