title: The application of pinch analysis to water, reagent and effluent management in a chlor-alkali facility.
abstract: South African industry is coming under increasing pressure to reduce the amount of freshwater it uses and the amount of effluent it produces. Water pinch is a cleaner production technique aimed at reducing the freshwater consumption and effluent production within a chemical complex. The design of water-reuse or water pinch networks as applied to the case study of a chlor-alkali complex is considered. Insights are provided into the analysis and formulation of problems for large-scale industrial systems and the application of present techniques and tools to the formulated problem is illustrated. The features of the problem posed by the chlor-alkali facility are discussed and the limitations of the present theory in dealing with this problem highlighted. The concepts of utility-waterpinch analysis and process-water pinch analysis are introduced.
authors.affiliation: Pollution Research Group, School of Chemical Engineering, University of Natal, Durban, South Africa. gianaddap@nu.ac.za
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gianadda
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Brouckaert
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sayer
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Buckley
mesh_terms: D002617:Chemical Industry; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D014881:Water Supply