title: Comparison of visual acuities at different distances and defocus curves.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate how visual acuities at different distances correlate with results from defocus curves.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Ophthalmology and Institute of Medical Physics, University of Vienna, Medical School, Vienna, and Department of Ophthalmology, Krankenhaus St. Pölten, St. Pölten, Austria.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study comprised 15 eyes of 14 patients with a mean age of 67.9 years +/- 9.7 (SD) with a monofocal silicone intraocular lens (911A, Pharmacia). The best corrected distance visual acuity was determined at viewing distances of 6 m, 2 m, 1 m, 67 cm, 50 cm, 40 cm, and 33 cm using logMAR charts. Defocus curves were then evaluated from -3.0 to -0.5 diopter (D) at 0.5 D increments from the best distance correction at a viewing distance of 6 m.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean distance visual acuity was logMAR 0.08 +/- 0.07. The visual acuity graph from the testing at different distances was above the defocus graph at all testing points. Comparison of the visual acuity results from the 2 tests revealed statistically significant differences in the range from 2 m (-0.5 D) to 33 cm (-3.0 D).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results of defocus curves disregard the diminutions of minus glasses, the normally restricted viewing distance to 6 m for distance acuity determination, and in particular the physiological miosis caused by the near-point reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Medical School, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. stefan.pieh@univie.ac.at
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pieh
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kellner
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hanselmayer
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lackner
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmidinger
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Walkow
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sticker
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weghaupt
authors.forename: Adolf Friedrich
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Fercher
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Skorpik
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004215:Distance Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D008875:Middle Aged; D014787:Vision Tests; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology*