title: Combined budesonide/formoterol turbuhaler treatment of asthma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide product information; review and analyze the clinical literature studying combination therapy, budesonide, and formoterol in asthmatics; and to define the role for this therapy in asthma treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A MEDLINE search (1990-September 2001) was conducted to identify the primary literature. Bibliographies were reviewed for further relevant citations.
  
  
  METHODS
  All randomized, blinded, controlled studies at least 3 months in duration exploring the efficacy of the combination of budesonide and formoterol (in 1 or separate formulations) compared with other treatments were selected to be included in the review of clinical studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combination of budesonide and formoterol was more effective than increasing the dose of budesonide in patients with moderate or severe persistent asthma and in patients with mild asthma not previously controlled with inhaled corticosteroids. Milder corticosteroid-naïve asthmatics did not derive benefit compared with inhaled corticosteroids alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination therapy in 1 device is a preferred treatment option in patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma and in those with milder asthma not controlled with inhaled corticosteroids. Advantages of this product include rapid onset of action, long duration of action, and a wide dosing range to assist with titration. Further research is required to evaluate this therapy in asthmatic children <5 years old and in patients with oral corticosteroid-dependent asthma. Investigations into the effect of this combination product on other disease outcomes, such as quality of life and productivity, will further define the role for this drug therapy.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan College of Pharmacy and University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor 48109, USA. remingtn@umich.edu
authors.forename: Tami L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Remington
authors.forename: Andrea M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Heaberlin
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: DiGiovine
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019819:Budesonide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate; D006801:Humans; D036501:Metered Dose Inhalers; D011208:Powders
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004983:Ethanolamines; D011208:Powders; D019819:Budesonide; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate