title: First-line ritonavir/indinavir 100/800 mg twice daily plus nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors in a German multicentre study: 48-week results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate safety and efficacy of the protease inhibitor combination ritonavir/indinavir 100/800 mg twice daily plus 2-3 nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) in antiretroviral-naive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Within this open-label, uncontrolled multicentre trial, antiretroviral-naive patients (n = 57) with median baseline HIV-RNA of 308,000 copies/mL (range 170-3.01 million copies/mL) and median CD4 cell count of 50 cells/microL (range 0-853 cells/microL) were started on 2-3 NRTIs plus ritonavir/indinavir 100/800 mg twice daily. CD4 cell counts and HIV-RNA were determined at weeks 0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24 and 48. Statistical analysis was performed on treatment as well as intent-to-treat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Viral load decreased by a median of 3.79 log10 copies/mL (range 2.0-4.60 log10 copies/mL) until week 48. At week 48, 23/57 (40%, intent-to-treat) patients showed a viral load </= 80 copies/mL. In parallel, median CD4 cell counts increased by a median of 149 cells/microL (range -60-420 cells/microL). Median triglycerides and cholesterol increased from baseline 160 mg/dL (range 33-364 mg/dL) to 218 mg/dL (range 110-527 mg/dL) at week 48 and from 166 mg/dL (range 63-262 mg/dL) to 233 mg/dL (range 95-359 mg/dL), respectively. Twenty-seven of fifty-seven patients (47%) discontinued study medication, 19 (33%) due to nephrolithiasis. Two patients changed their antiretroviral regimen after failing virologically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ritonavir/indinavir 100/800 mg twice daily appears to be effective up to 48 weeks despite high baseline viraemia and low CD4 cell count in antiretroviral-naive patients. However, discontinuation due to adverse events, especially nephrotoxicity, is frequent and limits treatment duration. Therefore, extra hydration appears inevitable with this combination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Voigt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wickesberg
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wasmuth
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gute
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Locher
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salzberger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wöhrmann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Weitner
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Rockstroh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D019469:Indinavir / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D012367:RNA, Viral; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019469:Indinavir; D019438:Ritonavir