Effect of surgical trauma on epithelial cell adhesion molecule (GA-733) vaccine-induced tumor resistance.
BACKGROUND
Surgical trauma inhibits immune function. Our goal was to study the effect of surgical intervention on the development of the immune response to epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM [GA-733]), a tumor-associated protein used for vaccination in colon cancer.


METHODS
Recombinant GA-733 and monophosphoryl-lipid A (MPLA) were incorporated into biodegradable beads and implanted in the following groups of mice: control, insufflation, and laparotomy. After surgery, the mice were inoculated with GA-733-transfected C26 cells (C26-EpCAM). Plasma anti-GA733 IgG antibodies were detected in enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA). Killing specific to GA-733 was assayed by C26-EpCAM-killing assay.


RESULTS
The difference in tumor size between immunized and nonimmunized animals was statistically significant only in control mice (p < 0.05). Greater cytotoxic response to C26-GA733 developed in all immunized mice groups than in their respective controls. However, anti-GA733 IgG increased significantly in the control and insufflation groups, but not in the laparotomy group.


CONCLUSIONS
Combined GA-733 vaccine allows reduction of tumor growth in control but not in surgically managed animals. This vaccine can induce a specific-cell and antibody-mediated immune response. Open surgery leads to a decreased antibody response to the GA-733 tumor vaccine.
Kirman
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I
Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, BB1716, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. ik139@columbia.edu
Maydelman
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A
Asi
Z
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Whelan
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RL
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule; D005260:Female; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D007327:Insufflation; D007813:Laparotomy; D008050:Lipid A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule; D008050:Lipid A; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C048436:monophosphoryl lipid A