title: Sentinel lymph node biopsy without axillary dissection after an intraoperative negative histological investigation in 358 invasive breast cancer cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is an important treatment option for breast cancer patients, as it can accurately predict axillary status. Our previous study using dye with or without radioisotope showed the accuracy and sensitivity of SLNB to be 97% and 94%, respectively. Based on these results, axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) was eliminated starting in January, 1999 in patients with intraoperatively negative SLNB at our institution. The present study shows the results and outcomes of SLNB as a sole procedure for patients with invasive breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-hundred-fifty-four patients and 358 cases of invasive breast cancer (4 bilateral breast carcinoma) treated with SLNB alone after an intraoperative negative SLNB were studied prospectively from January 1999 to December 2001.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of the identified SLNs per case ranged from 1 to 8 (mean, 2.5). Of a total of 358 cases, 297 (83%) were treated with hormone therapy and/or chemotherapy, and 281 (78%) were treated with radiotherapy to the conserved breast (50 Gy+/-10 Gy boost), the axilla (50 Gy), or the both sites. After a median follow-up of 21 (range 6-42) months, no patient developed an axillary relapse. Four cases initially recurred in distant organs and one case in the conserved breast.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that an intraoperative negative SLNB without further ALND may be a safe procedure when strict SLNB is performed. To better assess the safety, however, may require longer follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast Surgery, Saitama Cancer Center, 818 Ina-machi, Kitaadachi, Saitama 362-0806, Japan. h-takei@cancer-c.pref.saitama.jp
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Kimito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suemasu
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurosumi
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Kiyomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ninomiya
authors.forename: Rin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naganuma
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kusawake
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugamata
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Higashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008220:Lymphography / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D010833:Phytic Acid; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; C026177:technetium phytate; D010833:Phytic Acid