[Medical treatment of fragile X syndrome].
There is still no medication for fragile X syndrome (FXS) which acts directly on the genetic mechanisms or on the immediate result of the genetic defect. However, behavioral and cognitive manifestations can be approached from both the psychological/educational and pharmacological sides. Both approaches are not mutually exclusive but are complementary and synergic. There are currently potent drugs which can improve important symptoms of the FXS, behavioral disorders, hyperactivity, attention deficit, obsessive disorders and anxiety. Pharmacological treatment can be useful: CNS stimulants, clonidine, folic acid, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and atypical antipsychotics. Pharmacological treatment of epilepsy is needed whenever epilepsy occurs. There is no specific antiepileptic for FXS, so action must be taken with the most efficient antiepileptic according to the crisis type, evaluating tolerance and possible effects on behavior. Insomnia is also of interest in children with FXS. In this case the use of melatonin can be of great help.
Artigas-Pallarés
J
J
Unidad de Neuropediatría, Hospital de Sabadell, Corporació Sanitària Parc Tauli, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain. jartigas@cspt.es
Brun-Gasca
C
C
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003000:Clonidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005600:Fragile X Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000628:therapy; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003000:Clonidine; D005492:Folic Acid; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors