title: Zoosporicidal activities of anacardic acids against Aphanomyces cochlioides.
abstract: The EtOAc soluble constituents of the unripe fruits of Ginkgo biloba showed motility inhibition followed by lysis of zoospores of the phytopathogenic Aphanomyces cochlioides. We purified 22:1-omega7-anacardic acid (1), 24:1-omega9-anacardic acid (2) and 22:0-anacardic acid (3), together with other related compounds, 21:1-omega7-cardol (4) and 21:1-omega7-cardanol (5) from the crude extracts of Ginkgo fruits. Amongst them, compound 1 was a major active agent in quality and quantity, and showed potent motility inhibition (98% in 30 min) followed by lysis (55% in 3 h) of the zoospores at 1 x 10(-7) M. The 2-O-methyl derivative (1-c) of 1 displayed antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis, but practically inactive to Escherichia coli. A brief study on structure-activity relationships revealed that a carboxyl group on the aromatic ring and an unsaturated side chain in the anacardic acid derivative are important for strong motility inhibitory and lytic activities against the zoospore.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Bioscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Parvin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hashidoko
authors.forename: Md Tofazzal
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tahara
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D048729:Anacardic Acids; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D020441:Ginkgo biloba; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D009868:Oomycetes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D011775:Pythium / Q000187:drug effects; D012459:Salicylates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D048729:Anacardic Acids; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012459:Salicylates; C088115:anacardic acid; C007650:ethyl acetate