title: Broncholithiasis: a case report.
abstract: A case is reported of broncholithiasis in a 29-year-old female factory worker presenting with cough and lithoptysis. Broncholithiasis is a rare disorder characterized by calcified perihilar and mediastinal lymph nodes eroding into the tracheobronchial tree. Although cough, hemoptysis, lithoptysis, pneumonia and bronchoesophageal fistula formation have been reported, broncholithiasis may also result in potentially life-threatening conditions such as airway obstruction from endobronchial polypoid granulation masses, and massive hemorrhage from an aorto-tracheal fistula or erosion of a pulmonary artery branch.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keeler
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buckley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D020347:Lithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016272:Occupational Health; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances