title: Enamel hypoplasia in a pliocene hominid from Chad.
abstract: Abel is the first Australopithecine known west of the East African Rift Valley. The fossil finds include a perisymphyseal fragment of an adult mandible with well-preserved crowns of the right I2-P4 and the left C-P4. Abel's dentition displays many enamel defects, which are described in detail for each tooth. Pitting affected every tooth, while larger, shallow depressions were observed on the canines alone. From two to four pit bands occurred on the different teeth, each resulting from a separate hypoplastic episode. In modern humans, a large number of causes, both environmental and genetic, have been suggested for such enamel defects. It seems probable that Abel's pathology was systemic. However, the occurrence of a number of bands and the variable intensity of the attacks make it difficult to say whether there was a single, repetitive cause or different etiologies. Possible causes discussed here include recurrent fevers and seasonal nutritional deficiencies.
authors.affiliation: CNRS UMR 6046, Laboratoire de Géobiologie Biochronologie et Paléontologie Humaine, Faculté SFA, Université de Poitiers, 40 avenue du Recteur Pineau, 86022 Poitiers, France. Michel.Brunet@univ-poitiers.fr
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brunet
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fronty
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sapanet
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Bonis
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Viriot
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002596:Chad; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000473:pathology; D003744:Dental Enamel Hypoplasia / Q000266:history* / Q000473:pathology; D049690:History, Ancient; D015186:Hominidae; D006801:Humans; D010161:Paleodontology; D014070:Tooth / Q000473:pathology