title: MIP-based solid phase extraction cartridges combined with MIP-based sensors for the detection of microcystin-LR.
abstract: Microsystin-LR is one of the most widespread and dangerous toxins produced by the freshwater Cyanobacteria. The contamination of water supplies with microcystin-LR has been reported in several areas around the world and the development of an easy-to-use, rapid, robust and inexpensive sensor for this toxin is urgently required. In this work an artificial receptor for microcystin-LR was synthesised using the technique of molecular imprinting. The composition of the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was optimised using computer modelling. The synthesised polymer was used both as a material for solid-phase extraction (SPE) and as a sensing element in a piezoelectric sensor. Using the combination of SPE followed by detection with a piezoelectric sensor the minimum detectable amount of toxin was 0.35 nM. The use of MIP-SPE provided up to 1000 fold pre-concentration, which was more than sufficient for achieving the required detection limit for microcystin-LR in drinking water (1 nM). This work is the first example where the same MIP receptor has been used successfully for both SPE and the corresponding sensor.
authors.affiliation: Institute of BioScience and Technology, Cranfield University at Silsoe, Silsoe, Bedfordshire MK45 4DT, UK. i.chianella.1998@cranfield.ac.uk
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chianella
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Piletsky
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Tothill
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: A P F
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D002845:Chromatography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008387:Marine Toxins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008832:Microchemistry / Q000379:methods; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011791:Quartz; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014159:Transducers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008387:Marine Toxins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D052998:Microcystins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D011108:Polymers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D011791:Quartz; C057862:cyanoginosin LR