title: Prolactin regulation of neonatal ovine uterine gland morphogenesis.
abstract: Uterine gland development or adenogenesis in the neonatal ovine uterus involves budding, proliferation, and branching morphogenesis of the glandular epithelium (GE) from the luminal epithelium (LE) between birth (postnatal day or PND 0) and PND 56. This critical developmental event is coincident with increases in serum PRL and expression of long and short PRL receptors specifically in the nascent and proliferating GE. In study one, ewes were treated with a placebo pellet as a control (CX) or a bromocryptine mesylate pellet from PNDs 0-56. On PND 56, the endometrium of bromocryptine mesylate ewes contained fewer glands, particularly in the stratum spongiosum that contained numerous coiled and branched glands in CX uteri. In study two, ewes were treated with saline as a CX or recombinant ovine PRL from PNDs 0-56. Treatment with PRL increased gland number and density on PND 14 and PND 56. In study three, expression of signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) 1, 3, and 5 proteins was detected in the developing glands from PNDs 7-56. In study four, Western blot analyses indicated that PRL increased levels of phosphorylated STATs 1 and 5, but not STAT 3, and phosphorylated ERK 1 and 2 MAPKs and c-Jun N-terminal kinase/stress-activated protein kinase proteins in explanted PND 28 ovine uteri. Collectively, results indicate that PRL regulates endometrial adenogenesis in the neonatal ovine uterus.
authors.affiliation: Center for Animal Biotechnology and Genomics, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2471, USA.
authors.forename: Karen D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: C Allison
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Sekoni
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noel
authors.forename: Arieh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gertler
authors.forename: Fuller W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Bazer
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Spencer
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000254:growth & development*; D001971:Bromocriptine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004717:Endometrium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D008894:Milk Proteins; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D012756:Sheep / Q000254:growth & development*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014599:Uterus / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D008894:Milk Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; D001971:Bromocriptine; D004958:Estradiol; D011388:Prolactin; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases