Alzheimer disease gamma-secretase: a complex story of GxGD-type presenilin proteases.
Gamma-secretase is a pivotal enzymatic activity in Alzheimer disease that was hidden within a huge number of unrelated proteases. Only recently it has become clear that a protease complex containing presenilin, nicastrin, PEN-2 and probably APH-1 provides the long sought gamma-secretase activity. Presenilin itself appears to be a novel polytopic aspartyl protease of the GxGD type, whereas the other components might be required for substrate recognition, complex assembly, stability and targeting of the complex to its sites of action.
Haass
Christian
C
Adolf-Butenandt-Institute, Dept of Biochemistry, Laboratory for Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease Research, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Schillerstr. 44, 80336 Munich, Germany. chaass@pbm.med.uni-muenchen.de
Steiner
Harald
H
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000201:enzymology*; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D000818:Animals; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D053764:Presenilin-1
D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D053764:Presenilin-1; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D010450:Endopeptidases; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases