title: Effects of varying doses of fluticasone propionate on the physiology and bronchial wall immunopathology in mild-to-moderate asthma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) are typically associated with a flat dose-response curve when traditional efficacy values are examined (eg, FEV(1)). The aim of the present study was to investigate if a dose-response relationship exists for lung function and inflammatory cell numbers in bronchial biopsy specimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bronchial biopsy specimens were obtained from 36 patients randomized to receive 100 micro g, 500 microg, or 2,000 microg/d of fluticasone propionate (FP). Lung physiology and bronchial biopsies were performed at baseline and after 2 weeks of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Improvement in lung function and suppression of airway inflammation were optimal at a dose of 500 microg/d of FP. Significant changes from baseline following treatment were documented in FEV(1) (p = 0.02), forced expiratory flow (p = 0.002), FEV(1)/FVC (p = 0.007), provocative concentration of histamine causing a 20% fall in FEV(1) (PC(20)) [p = 0.02], T-cell numbers (p = 0.0005), activated eosinophils (p = 0.01), and numbers of macrophages (p = 0.01) in the group treated with 500 microg/d of FP. Comparison between groups administered different doses of FP failed to demonstrate a dose-response relationship for change from baseline in PC(20) (p = 0.43), any of the lung function parameters, T-cell numbers (p = 0.64), activated T cells (p = 0.46), eosinophils (p = 0.53), activated eosinophils (p = 0.48), or macrophage numbers (p = 0.68).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The apparent lack of a dose-response for ICS treatment in patients with asthma further validates the preferential use of add-on therapy over increasing the dose of ICS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology, Royal Free and University College Hospital Medical School, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK. sioosu@indigo.ie
authors.forename: Siobhán
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: Liam
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cormican
authors.forename: Maeve
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Leonard W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Poulter
authors.forename: Conor M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Burke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001706:Biopsy; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D000068298:Fluticasone; D005540:Forced Expiratory Flow Rates; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013601:T-Lymphocytes
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D000068298:Fluticasone