title: Microscopic localization of active gelatinases in equine osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) cartilage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) in the equine joint.
  
  
  METHODS
  Equine articular cartilage was obtained from normal (N = 8) and osteochondrotic (OCD) (N = 6) femoropatellar joints from horses at necropsy. The activity of gelatinase MMPs was determined in sections of cartilage by in situ gelatin zymography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gelatinase activity was markedly increased in articular cartilage obtained from OCD samples and was particularly prominent in the deep cartilage zone. Activity was only seen in the pericellular area of chondrocytes. In addition, in OCD cartilage there were vertical lines of activity, starting from the deep zone and radiating towards the articular surface. In contrast, normal cartilage showed only a very small amount of gelatinolytic activity, which was not restricted to specific cartilage zones. Gelatin zymography of culture supernatants from isolated chondrocytes demonstrated increased production of MMP-2 and MMP-9 from OCD chondrocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sections of articular cartilage from OCD lesions revealed MMP activity, especially in the deep zone adjacent to the calcified subchondral bone. This MMP activity could account for the loss of cartilage integrity in the deep cartilage zone and the vertical lines of activity could represent areas of mechanical weakness, likely to result in fissures and the release of cartilage fragments into the joint space.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Veterinary Pathology and Veterinary Clinical Science, University of Liverpool, Crown Street, Liverpool L69 7ZJ, UK.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Hizab
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Clegg
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Carter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D005121:Extremities / Q000503:physiopathology; D005453:Fluorescence; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses / Q000378:metabolism; D007596:Joints / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010008:Osteochondritis Dissecans / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018093:Gelatinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases