title: Rabbit immune repertoires as sources for therapeutic monoclonal antibodies: the impact of kappa allotype-correlated variation in cysteine content on antibody libraries selected by phage display.
abstract: The rabbit immune repertoire has long been a rich source of diagnostic polyclonal antibodies. Now it also holds great promise as a source of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. On the basis of phage display technology, we recently reported the first humanization of a rabbit monoclonal antibody. The allotypic diversity of rabbit immunoglobulins prompted us to compare different rabbit immune repertoires for the generation and humanization of monoclonal antibodies that bind with strong affinity to antigens involved in tumor angiogenesis. In particular, we evaluated the diversity of unselected and selected chimeric rabbit/human Fab libraries that were derived from different kappa light chain allotypes. Most rabbit light chains have an extra disulfide bridge that links the variable and constant domains in addition to the two intrachain disulfide bridges shared with mouse and human kappa light chains. Here we evaluate the impact of this increased disulfide bridge complexity on the generation and selection of chimeric rabbit/human Fab libraries. We demonstrate that rabbits with mutant bas and wild-type parental b9 allotypes are excellent sources for therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. Featured among the selected clones with b9 allotype is a rabbit/human Fab that binds with a dissociation constant of 1nM to both human and mouse Tie-2, which will facilitate its evaluation in mouse models of human cancer. Examination of 228 new rabbit antibody sequences allowed for a comprehensive comparison of the LCDR3 and HCDR3 length diversity in rabbits. This study revealed that rabbits exhibit an HCDR3 length distribution more closely related to human antibodies than mouse antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Mikhail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Popkov
authors.forename: Rose G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Mage
authors.forename: Cornelius B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Sujatha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thundivalappil
authors.forename: Carlos F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Barbas
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rader
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001666:Binding Sites, Antibody; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004220:Disulfides / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007126:Immunoglobulin Allotypes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D019151:Peptide Library; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011817:Rabbits / Q000276:immunology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D004220:Disulfides; D007126:Immunoglobulin Allotypes; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D019151:Peptide Library; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D003545:Cysteine