title: Comparison of copper heptonate with copper oxide wire particles as copper supplements for sheep on pasture of high molybdenum content.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effectiveness of intramuscular injection of copper heptonate (CuHep) and an oral dose of copper oxide wire particles (COWP) in preventing Cu inadequacy in adult and young sheep on pasture of high Mo content.
  
  
  METHODS
  Field experiments with flocks of mature Merino wethers and crossbred weaners.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult wethers were given 25 or 37.5 mg Cu as CuHep, 2.5 g COWP or no Cu treatment. The weaners were given 12.5 or 25 mg Cu as CuHep, 1.25 g COWP or no Cu treatment. At intervals over the next 12 (adults) or 8 (weaners) months the sheep were weighed and samples of blood and liver were collected for trace element assay. Wool samples collected from the adults at the end of the experiment were assessed for physical characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The higher dosage of CuHep raised liver Cu above control group values for at least 9 months in adults and 3 months in weaners. The lower dosage of CuHep was similarly effective for 3 months in adults but was without effect in weaners. In adults the response to COWP matched that to the higher dosage of CuHep; in weaners it was greater, lasting at least 5 months. No changes indicative of Cu deficiency, apart from a depressed body weight in adults, were seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In sheep on pasture of high Mo content a single intramuscular injection of CuHep providing 37.5 mg Cu to adults or 25 mg Cu to weaners will raise liver Cu reserves for at least 9 and 3 months respectively and may be an acceptable alternative to COWP for preventing seasonal Cu deficiency in sheep in southern Australia.
authors.affiliation: South Australian Research & Development Institute, Livestock Systems, 33 Flemington Street, Glenside, South Australia 5065. judson.geoffrey@saugov.sa.gov.au
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Judson
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Babidge
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003300:Copper / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000378:metabolism; D003677:Deficiency Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008982:Molybdenum / Q000737:chemistry; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D006109:Poaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014886:Weaning
chemical_list: D003300:Copper; D008982:Molybdenum; C030973:cupric oxide