title: Perillyl Alcohol Inhibits Breast Cell Migration without Affecting Cell Adhesion.
abstract: The monoterpene d-limonene exhibits chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive potential in breast cancer patients. D-limonene and its related compounds, perillyl alcohol and perillyl aldehyde, were chosen as candidate drugs for application in a screen for nontoxic inhibitors of cell migration. Using the nontumorigenic human breast cell line MCF-10A, we delineated the toxicity as greatest for the perillyl aldehyde, intermediate for perillyl alcohol, and least for limonene. A noncytotoxic concentration of 0.5 mmol/L perillyl alcohol inhibited the migration, while the same concentration of limonene failed to do so. Adhesion of the MCF-10A cell line and the human breast cancer cell line MDA-MB 435 to fibronectin was unaffected by 1.5 mmol/L perillyl alcohol. 0.4 mmol/L perillyl alcohol inhibited the growth of MDA-MB 435 cells. All migration-inhibiting concentrations of perillyl alcohol for MDA-MB 435 cells proved to be toxic. These results suggest that subtoxic doses of perillyl alcohol may have prophylactic potential in the treatment of breast cancer.
authors.forename: Johanna E.
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Janice L.
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Huff
authors.forename: William L.
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Rust
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kingsley
authors.forename: George E.
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Plopper