title: An Ethiopian pattern of human adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia.
abstract: We describe, in Ethiopia, a third successful pattern of human adaptation to high-altitude hypoxia that contrasts with both the Andean "classic" (erythrocytosis with arterial hypoxemia) and the more recently identified Tibetan (normal venous hemoglobin concentration with arterial hypoxemia) patterns. A field survey of 236 Ethiopian native residents at 3,530 m (11,650 feet), 14-86 years of age, without evidence of iron deficiency, hemoglobinopathy, or chronic inflammation, found an average hemoglobin concentration of 15.9 and 15.0 gdl for males and females, respectively, and an average oxygen saturation of hemoglobin of 95.3%. Thus, Ethiopian highlanders maintain venous hemoglobin concentrations and arterial oxygen saturation within the ranges of sea level populations, despite the unavoidable, universal decrease in the ambient oxygen tension at high altitude.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. cmb2@po.cwru.edu
authors.forename: Cynthia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Beall
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Decker
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Brittenham
authors.forename: Irving
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kushner
authors.forename: Amha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gebremedhin
authors.forename: Kingman P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Strohl
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000531:Altitude; D005002:Ethiopia; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D010100:Oxygen