Policy uses of particulate exposure estimates.
This paper reviews the uses of particulate exposure estimates for science and policy. We propose a set of normative factors to guide the selection and application of various approaches for exposure assessment. For exposure estimates intended for use in support of the development or air pollution regulations or selection of control strategies, the proposed criteria include--compatibility with policy scope and scale, cost-effectiveness, characterization of uncertainty, political and institutional feasibility, and sensitivity to framing. For exposure assessment in support of epidemiological research, key criteria are-compatability with the specific hypothesis being tested, and compatibility with the temporal and spatial scale of analysis. The various major approaches for estimation of exposure--direct and indirect measurement, empirical and physical modeling--are catalogued and compared with these proposed criteria.
Brauer
Michael
M
University of British Columbia, School of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene, 2206 East Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 123.
Evans
John S
JS
Florig
H Keith
HK
Phonboon
Kanchanasak
K
Saksena
Sumeet
S
Song
Guojun
G
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004777:Environment; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011050:Policy Making; D011634:Public Health; D012016:Reference Values
D000393:Air Pollutants