title: Morphometric analysis of the collagen changes induced by subcutaneous injection of interferon-gamma after bladder outlet obstruction in the rat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to examine the effects of interferon-gamma injection on changes in collagen content, after the creation of partial bladder outlet obstruction in the rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 50 Sprague-Dawley female rats were subjected to partial bladder outlet obstruction by using metal rods. The rats were divided into five groups (n = 10 in each group): normal control (N), sham operation (S), bladder outlet obstruction for 4 weeks (BOO), interferon-gamma injection after sham operation (S + IFN), and interferon-gamma injection after bladder outlet obstruction (BOO + IFN). Interferon-gamma was subcutaneously injected (100,000 units per injection, LG chemical Co., Seoul, Korea) daily for 4 weeks in the injection groups, after which all rats were sacrificed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The collagen area percentage (collagen/collagen + muscle) in each bladder, calculated through image analysis, was 40.7 +/- 1.6% in the N, 38.2 +/- 2.0% in the S, 26.6 +/- 3.8% in the S + IFN, 19.9 +/- 2.5% in the BOO, and 12.4 +/- 2.0% in the BOO + IFN group (mean +/- standard error). The difference in the collagen area percentage between the N and S groups (P > 0.05) was not significant, but there were significant differences between the N and S + IFN groups (P < 0.05), between the S and S + IFN groups (P < 0.05), and between the BOO and BOO + IFN groups (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that interferon-gamma decreases the collagen content in the obstructed rat bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Korea. kwang@plaza.snu.ac.kr
authors.forename: Kwang Myung
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeongyoon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jung Yun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007371:Interferon-gamma; D003094:Collagen