title: Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and E26 transformation-specific-1 in breast carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and transcription factor E26 transformation-specific-1 (ETS-1) in breast carcinoma and its effect on angiogenesis, tumor invasion and metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry (streptomycin avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex, SP) were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of VEGF and ETS-1 in breast carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEGF mRNA and its protein were highly expressed in tumor cells of breast carcinoma. The positive rate was 75% (36/48) and 70.8% (34/48) respectively. There was almost no expression of VEGF in vascular endothelial cells. Over expression of ETS-1 was seen in both breast carcinoma and endothelial cells. The positive rate of ETS-1 mRNA and protein in carcinoma cells was 85.4% (41/48) and 79.2% (38/48) respectively. The microvessel density was significantly higher in VEGF and ETS-1 highly expressed groups than that in the low expressed groups (P < 0.01). Both VEGF and ETS-1 expressions were well correlated with the histological grade and lymph node metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEGF and ETS-1 can promote angiogenesis in breast carcinoma and correlate with tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis. The expression of VEGF and ETS-1 might be considered to be a reference indicator for determining the angiogenesis and invasion of breast carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Basic Medical School, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
authors.forename: Hounan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yulin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lihong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Guibin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jinhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A