title: Paragangliomas of the temporal bone: results of different treatment modalities in 53 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors retrospectively compared the results of three different treatment modalities (surgery, conventional radiotherapy and gamma knife radiosurgery) in patients with paragangliomas of the temporal bone, in order to determine the optimal current treatment concept.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1978 and August 2001, 53 patients (12 men and 41 women; mean age, 58.3 years; range, 17 to 84 years) with paragangliomas of the temporal bone were treated at the neurosurgery and ENT departments of the University of Vienna. According to the Fisch classification, 6 patients had class B tumours, 20 had class C, and 27 patients had class D tumours. Thirty-two patients (mean age, 57.0 years; 6 B, 14 C, 12 D) underwent surgery. In 17 cases the tumour was embolised prior to surgery. Nine patients (mean age, 73.9 years; 6 C, 3 D) received primary radiotherapy (median total dose, 46.8 Gy). Six patients (mean age, 73.5 years; 6 D) underwent primary radiosurgery (median centre dose 24, Gy) and 6 patients (6 D) admitted from other departments with recurrent tumours adjuvant radiosurgery (median centre dose, 25.5 Gy).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 20 of the surgical cases (62.5%) complete tumour resection was achieved and the patients required no further treatment over a mean follow-up period of 9.1 years. Of the 12 patients with incomplete tumour resection, 9 (5 C, 4 D) received postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy and three patients (3 D) adjuvant radiosurgery. In 15 (83.4%) of the 18 patients who underwent radiotherapy the tumours showed no signs of progression and the patients remained clinically unchanged over a mean period of 9.4 years. Three patients (16,6%) experienced progression of their tumour within an average period of 2.8 years. In the 15 patients who underwent primary radiosurgery, an objective 100% tumour control rate with no evidence of progression of disease was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that the most effective current treatment option for patients with paragangliomas of the temporal bone is a single-stage radical tumour resection, performed in advanced tumours as an interdisciplinary neuro-otosurgical procedure. For subtotally resected or non-resectable tumours, gamma knife radiosurgery has proved to be a safe and effective treatment modality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Vienna Medical School, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Saringer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Czerny
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kornfehl
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gstöttner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Matula
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Knosp
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D016634:Radiosurgery; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012888:Skull Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors