title: Ischemic preconditioning suppresses ventricular tachyarrhythmias after myocardial revascularization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ventricular fibrillation (VF) and tachycardia (VT) are the common and potential life-threatening complications after CABG. Ischemic preconditioning (IP) has been proved effective in reducing ischemia reperfusion arrhythmia in animals and humans. Whether IP is effective in suppressing postoperative VF/VT in patients with CABG has not been studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-six patients with CABG with stable and unstable 3-vessel disease were equally randomly assigned into an IP and a control group. The patients who received IP received 2 periods of 2-minute ischemia followed by 3-minute reperfusion. Twenty-four-hour electrocardiographic data were collected. IP resulted in fewer cases of VF after declamping (48.8% versus 79.1% in IP and control, P=0.004) and a shorter VF period (2.28+/-0.44 versus 4.41+/-0.51 minutes, P=0.002). The episodes of VT were significantly reduced in patients in the IP group during early reperfusion and 24 hours after reperfusion (0.65+/-0.16 versus 3.71+/-0.46, P=0.000 and 0.07+/-0.04 versus 2.12+/-1.41, P=0.002, respectively). De novo sustained VT occurred in 3 control patients as against none in the IP group after surgery. As a result, IP significantly curtailed the mechanical ventilation period and reduced the need for inotropes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IP significantly reduced postoperative VF/VT in patients with CABG with 3-vessel disease. Suppression of VT during early reperfusion and 24 hours after reperfusion suggests early and delayed IP phenomena in patients undergoing CABG surgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: Zhong-Kai
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iivainen
authors.forename: Erkki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pehkonen
authors.forename: Jari
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laurikka
authors.forename: Matti R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Tarkka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000601:surgery; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000009:adverse effects; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*