title: Low back pain in schoolchildren: the role of mechanical and psychosocial factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Low back pain (LBP) in schoolchildren with no apparent clinical cause is known to be a common problem, but considerably less is understood regarding the aetiology of such pain.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the role of both mechanical and psychosocial factors (including emotional and behavioural problems and other somatic pain complaints) in childhood LBP.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross sectional study was carried out in a population of 1446 schoolchildren aged 11-14 years. Information on these potential risk factors for LBP was sought using a self complete questionnaire and a five day bag weight diary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mechanical factors such as physical activity and school bag weight were not associated with LBP. However, strong associations with LBP were observed for emotional problems, conduct problems, troublesome headaches, abdominal pain, sore throats, and daytime tiredness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that psychosocial factors rather than mechanical factors are more important in LBP occurring in young populations and could possibly be a reflection of distress in schoolchildren.
authors.affiliation: Arthritis Research Campaign Epidemiology Unit, School of Epidemiology and Health Sciences, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: D P M
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Symmons
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Silman
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Macfarlane
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000150:complications; D000293:Adolescent; D000342:Affective Symptoms; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000150:complications; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004651:Employment; D004739:England; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D010612:Pharyngitis / Q000150:complications; D013314:Stress, Mechanical