title: Stroke volumes generated by precordial compression during cardiac resuscitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantitate stroke volumes generated by precordial compression during cardiopulmonary resuscitation and to determine their relationship to coronary perfusion pressure and the success of resuscitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, observational animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical research laboratory in a university-affiliated research and educational foundation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Domestic pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ventricular fibrillation was electrically induced in 25 anesthetized male domestic pigs. After an interval of 7 mins, electrical defibrillation was attempted. Failing to reverse ventricular fibrillation in each instance, precordial compression was begun coincident with mechanical ventilation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stroke volumes were computed from differences between diastolic and systolic areas of the left ventricle by utilizing transesophageal echocardiography. Both stroke volumes and coronary perfusion pressure were consistently greater in successfully resuscitated animals. Progressive decreases in stroke volumes during precordial compression were predictive of unsuccessful resuscitation. A linear correlation between stroke volume and coronary perfusion pressure (r =.70) was documented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations support the concept that stroke volumes generated by precordial compression are quantitatively related to the coronary perfusion pressure and to the success of cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Critical Care Medicine, Palm Springs, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Kada
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Klouche
authors.forename: Max Harry
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Weil
authors.forename: Shijie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Wanchun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Heitor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Povoas
authors.forename: Joe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bisera
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016014:Linear Models; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000628:therapy*