title: Reactive nitrogen species and cell signaling: implications for death or survival of lung epithelium.
abstract: Reactive nitrogen species such as nitric oxide, peroxynitrite, and nitrogen dioxide have been implicated in the pathophysiology of inflammatory lung diseases. Yet, the molecular mechanisms and cell signaling events responsible for cellular injury remain to be elucidated. Two major signaling pathways, co-ordinately regulated and responsible for cell survival and cell death, involve nuclear factor kappa B and c-Jun-N-terminal kinase, respectively. A review of these pathways, their modes of action, and their importance in executing oxidative stress responses in lung epithelial cells are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA. yjanssen@zoo.uvm.edu
authors.forename: Yvonne M W
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Janssen-Heininger
authors.forename: Rebecca L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Persinger
authors.forename: Solange H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Korn
authors.forename: Cristen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pantano
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McElhinney
authors.forename: Niki L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Reynaert
authors.forename: Ramon C J
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Langen
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ckless
authors.forename: Punya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shrivastava
authors.forename: Matthew E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Poynter
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases