title: True 3D reconstruction for planning of surgery on malformed skulls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since the difficulty associated with surgical planning of craniosynostosis is mostly due to the inadequate possibilities for simulation of surgery, a new technique for constructing a precise reproduction of a patient's malformed skull has been developed.
  
  
  METHODS
  CT scans of ten malformed skulls on a scale of 1:1 and with 1-mm slices have been used to reconstruct the skulls in a special resin using a special lathe used in the automobile construction industry for formula one engines. This lathe works in the opposite way to other lathes: by apposition of material instead of subtraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The anatomical detail of the phantom is of a very high degree. The surgical planning it allows has proved highly consistent with reality in all cases in which it has been used in the planning before the operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This technique has made it possible to plan the surgical treatment of all patients with craniosynostosis in a highly satisfactory way. It has reduced operating times, in addition to which it provides information on materials needed, avoiding waste, and is also an excellent teaching method for residents.
authors.affiliation: Irccs Policlinico San Matteo, Piazzale Golgi, 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rampa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pricca
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franzini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pezzotta
mesh_terms: D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D012886:Skull / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012984:Software; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed