title: Journeying from the philosophical contemplation of constructivism to the methodological pragmatics of health services research.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper presents our journey through a contemplation of the philosophical origins of constructivism to consider its role as an active methodology in qualitative research.
  
  
  METHODS
  The first part of the paper summarizes the philosophical background of constructivism and the five principles underpinning this paradigm as described through the works of Guba and Lincoln. The philosophical roots of constructivism are then compared with postpositivism, critical realism and participatory inquiry. The paper moves on to consider their common methodological steps, before examining how the constructivist research strategy is being adopted and adapted within the pragmatics of health service research. Recent studies will be drawn upon to illustrate the use of constructivist methodology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Questions are raised about the role of philosophy and the extent to which it should or does underpin or influence qualitative research strategies. We believe that if researchers gain an understanding of both philosophy and methodology a richer and more robust study is likely to result.
authors.affiliation: Research Education, School of Health and Social Care, Oxford Brookes University, Academic Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK. jvappleton@brookes.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jane V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Appleton
authors.forename: Lindy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D015984:Causality; D006302:Health Services Research / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000379:methods*; D010684:Philosophy; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012107:Research Design