title: A prospective randomized trial comparing stenting with off-pump coronary surgery for high-grade stenosis in the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery: three-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was done to identify the best treatment for an isolated high-grade stenosis of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty with stenting (PCI) and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (surgery) are used to treat single-vessel disease of a high-grade stenosis of the proximal LAD. Midterm results of both treatments are compared in this prospective randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a single-center prospective trial, we randomly assigned 102 patients with a high-grade stenosis of the proximal LAD (American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association classification type B2 or C) to PCI (n = 51) or surgery (n = 51). Primary composite end point was freedom from Major Adverse Cardiac and Cerebrovascular Events (MACCE) at follow-up, including death, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular accident, and repeat target vessel revascularization (TVR). Secondary end points were angina pectoris class and need for antianginal medication at follow-up. Analysis was by intention-to-treat (ITT) and received treatment (RT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean follow-up time was three years (90% midrange, two to four years). Incidence of MACCE was 23.5% after PCI and 9.8% after surgery; p = 0.07 ITT (24.1% vs. 8.3%; p = 0.04 RT). After surgery a significantly lower angina pectoris class (p = 0.02) and need for antianginal medication (p = 0.01) was found compared to PCI. Target vessel revascularization was 15.7% after PCI and 4.1% after surgery (p = 0.09).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At three-year follow-up (range, two to four years), a trend in favor of surgery is observed in regard to MACCE-free survival with a significantly lower angina pectoris status and significantly lower need for antianginal medication.
authors.affiliation: Thoraxcentre of the Groningen University Hospital, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Derk J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Drenth
authors.forename: Nic J G M
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Veeger
authors.forename: Jobst B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: Jan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Grandjean
authors.forename: Massimo A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.forename: Ad J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Boven van
authors.forename: Piet W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Boonstra
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000401:mortality; D001158:Arteries / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000401:mortality; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000401:mortality; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome