title: Antinociceptive effects of interleukin-4, -10, and -13 on the writhing response in mice and zymosan-induced knee joint incapacitation in rats.
abstract: The antinociceptive effects of interleukin (IL)-4, -10, and -13 were investigated in two different experimental pain models. Our results showed that pretreatment (30 min) with IL-4 (1-5 ng/animal), IL-10 (0.4-10 ng/animal), or IL-13 (0.4-2.5 ng/animal) inhibited the writhing response induced by the i.p. administration of acetic acid (53-89%) or zymosan (63-74%) in mice, and the knee joint incapacitation induced by i.a. injection of zymosan (49-66%) in rats. Neither of the cytokines affected the pain elicited in mice using the hot-plate test. This analgesic effect of IL-4, -10, and -13 was not reversed by the combined pretreatment with the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone. IL-4, -10, or -13 significantly inhibited the release of both tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (60, 53, and 100%, respectively) and IL-1beta (80, 100, and 100%, respectively) by mice peritoneal macrophages obtained after local (i.p.) injection of zymosan. Antisera against IL-4, -10, and -13 potentiated both the zymosan-induced writhing response and the articular incapacitation. Our results demonstrate that IL-4, -10, and -13 display analgesic activity that is probably not due to endogenous opioid release. This analgesic effect could be related to a peripheral mechanism, probably via the inhibition of the release of the pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IL-1beta by resident peritoneal macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mariana L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Vale
authors.forename: Jaciara B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Camila A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Moreira
authors.forename: Francisco Aírton C
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: Sérgio H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poole
authors.forename: Fernando Q
authors.initials: FQ
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Ronaldo A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000700:Analgesics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D019138:Antibodies, Blocking / Q000494:pharmacology; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007596:Joints / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects*; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015054:Zymosan
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D019138:Antibodies, Blocking; D007375:Interleukin-1; D018793:Interleukin-13; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D009270:Naloxone; D015054:Zymosan; D019342:Acetic Acid