title: Ultrasound examination of paediatric testicles after laparoscopic laser dissection of internal testicular vessels in cryptorchism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the growth of testicles, their sonographic structure and the recovery of testicular perfusion through collateral vessels after preliminary laparoscopic laser dissection (PLLD) of the internal spermatic artery in cryptorchism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The postoperative position, the volume increase, the structural and vascular abnormalities and the incidence of epididymal abnormalities were evaluated with ultrasound in 32 children (mean age: 6.5 +/- 1.34 years) after PLLD. The intratesticular blood flow and the flow-in anastomoses from the deferential and cremasteric arteries were assessed using colour and power Doppler US (7.5 MHz transducer).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All testicles were permanently positioned in the scrotum and showed growth after surgical treatment. None of the testes showed sonographic signs of atrophy. There were no clear differences in intratesticular perfusion compared to the non-operated testis. A collateral blood flow in the deferential artery was found in 44 cases by colour and/or power Doppler US. A perfusion to the lower testicular pole was detected in 29 cases by power Doppler. Intraoperatively, 12 epididymal inversions were eliminated so that an elongated epididymis was sonographically visualised in three testes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound can be used for the postoperative control of the testicular structure and the volume increase as well as detection of the flow-in anastomoses. The collateral blood supply after PLLD was sufficient for subsequent growth of testicles in all cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Benjamin Franklin Hospital, Free University, Berlin, Germany. service@pkp18.belpak.minsk.by
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Manak
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waldschmidt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: K-J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Wolf
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010535:Laparoscopy; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D013737:Testis / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*