Initiation of DNA replication in eukaryotes is an intriguing cascade of protein interactions.
Initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication is a complex process including the recognition of initiation sites on DNA, multi-step DNA preparation for duplication, and assembly of multi-protein complexes capable of beginning DNA synthesis at initiation sites. The process starts at the late M phase and lasts till the appropriate time of the S phase for each initiation site. A chain of interesting interactions between Orc1p-6p, Cdc6p, Mcm2p-7p, Mcm10p, Cdt1, Cdc45p, Dbf4/Cdc7p, RPA, and DNA polymerase alpha takes place during this period. The sequence of these interactions is controlled by cyclin-dependent kinases, as well as by ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis in the proteasome. This review summarizes the data on proteins initiating DNA replication and factors controlling their activities.
Sharova
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NP
Kol'tsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117808, Russia. nsharova@proxima.idb.ac.ru
Abramova
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EB
D001665:Binding Sites; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D008938:Mitosis; D018741:Replication Origin / Q000502:physiology; D016196:S Phase; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases