title: Arabidopsis OST1 protein kinase mediates the regulation of stomatal aperture by abscisic acid and acts upstream of reactive oxygen species production.
abstract: During drought, the plant hormone abscisic acid (ABA) triggers stomatal closure, thus reducing water loss. Using infrared thermography, we isolated two allelic Arabidopsis mutants (ost1-1 and ost1-2) impaired in the ability to limit their transpiration upon drought. These recessive ost1 mutations disrupted ABA induction of stomatal closure as well as ABA inhibition of light-induced stomatal opening. By contrast, the ost1 mutations did not affect stomatal regulation by light or CO(2), suggesting that OST1 is involved specifically in ABA signaling. The OST1 gene was isolated by positional cloning and was found to be expressed in stomatal guard cells and vascular tissue. In-gel assays indicated that OST1 is an ABA-activated protein kinase related to the Vicia faba ABA-activated protein kinase (AAPK). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were shown recently to be an essential intermediate in guard cell ABA signaling. ABA-induced ROS production was disrupted in ost1 guard cells, whereas applied H(2)O(2) or calcium elicited the same degree of stomatal closure in ost1 as in the wild type. These results suggest that OST1 acts in the interval between ABA perception and ROS production. The relative positions of ost1 and the other ABA-insensitive mutations in the ABA signaling network (abi1-1, abi2-1, and gca2) are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institut des Sciences du Végétal, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Propre de Recherche 2355, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France. achmustilli@libero.it
authors.forename: Anna-Chiara
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mustilli
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Merlot
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vavasseur
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fenzi
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Giraudat
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004190:Disasters; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014867:Water / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014867:Water; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D011494:Protein Kinases; C472139:OST1 protein, Arabidopsis