title: [Treatment of severe intermittent claudication: ORACLE-PGE1 short term study. A randomised 40-week study. Evaluation of efficacy and costs].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy and cost of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) in severe intermittent claudication was studied comparing a long-term protocol (LTP) with a short-term protocol (STP) in a randomised 40-week study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Phase 1 was a 2-week run-in phase (no treatment) for both protocols. In LTP, phase 2 was the main treatment phase. Treatment was performed with 2-hour infusions (60 micro g PGE1, 5 days each week for 4 weeks. In phase 3 (4-week interval period), PGE1 was administered twice a week (same dosage). In phase 4 (40 weeks), no PGE1 were used. In STP, phase 2 treatment was performed in two days by a 2-hour infusion (60 micro g PGE1 twice a day in 2 days). The same cycle was repeated every 4 weeks. A treadmill test was performed at inclusion, at the beginning of each phase and at the end of weeks 12, 16, 20 32 and 40. A progressive training plan (walking) and reduction in risk factors plan was used in both groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 1276 included patients 1165 completed the study (606 in LTP group; 559 in the STP). Drop-outs were 111. The two groups were comparable in distribution, risk factors and smoking. Intention-to-treat analysis indicated an increase in pain free walking distance (PFWD). The absolute and percent increase in pain-free walking distance (PFWD) was comparable in both LTP and STP groups with a significative increase in TWD at 4 weeks. At 20 and 40 weeks increase was up to 219% in the LTP and 460% in the STP group (p<0.02). Comparable results concerning PFWD were obtained in the two groups. Both treatments were well tolerated. No side effect was observed. Local effects were observed in 8.5% of the treated subjects in the LTP and 4% in the STP. The average cost of the LTP protocol was 8786 Euro. For STP the costs was 946 (10.8% of LTP). For both protocols the cost of the infusion was 24% of the total for the LTP and 35% in the STP. Therefore 75% of the cost is not drug-related.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion between-group-analysis favours STP considering walking distance and costs. Results indicate good efficacy and tolerability of PGE1 treatment particularly STP.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Vascular Lab, Università di Chieti, Progetto Vascolare San Valentino (Pe), ISVI (Italian Society for Vascular Investigation), Italy. cardres@abol.it
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Cesarone
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Belcaro
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Nicolaides
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Geroulakos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramaswami
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cazaubon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barsotti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vasdekis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Christopoulos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Agus
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bavera
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mondani
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ippolito
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Flenda
mesh_terms: D000527:Alprostadil / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000527:Alprostadil