title: Influence of raw materials and distillation equipment on the heavy metal content of waste from an alcoholic anis-type beverage.
abstract: This study focused on the heavy metal content waste resulting from the production of an anis-type beverage. Although natural ingredients were used in the production process, the waste contains heavy metals and is considered hazardous. Several metals were found in the waste (Fe, Cu, Ni, Zn, Cr and Cd), with concentrations of Fe to 157.5, Cu to 82.5, Zn to 31 and Ni to 8.5mg/l. To collect information on the source of these metals, the residues of the herbs used for flavoring were examined for processes employing metallic and non-metallic pot stills. Herbs distillation residues were found to contain metals in non-metallic stills, e.g. aniseed residues from glass stills contained Cu up to 1.02 and Ni up to 0.9 mg/l. Fennel residues contained Ni up to 1.2 and Zn up to 6.6mg/l. The main source for the metals was the bronze pot stills. The metals were in complexed form in the solution. The existence of metals in the amorphous phase as shown by a SEM micrograph indicates forming of metal-organic complexes, also verified by HPLC. Complexation data can be used for selecting the proper wash treatment method. The formation of large molecules favors precipitation and chemi-sorption treatment methods.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, 9 Heroon Polytechniou, Zografou 15733, Greece. angst@central.ntua.gr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moutsatsou
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chalarakis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zarangas
mesh_terms: D000434:Alcoholic Beverages; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005285:Fermentation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical