title: Effects of analgesia of the distal interphalangeal joint and navicular bursa on experimental lameness caused by solar pain in horses.
abstract: It has been hypothesized that pain originating from the dorsal margin of the sole of the hoof in horses can be attenuated by analgesia of either the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint, or of the navicular bursa (NB). To test this hypothesis, an experimental lameness was induced in the toe region of the left forelimb in six adult horses. After this, both synovial structures were blocked and the effects on the lameness were semi-quantitatively scored. Lameness was induced by creating pressure on the dorsal margin of the sole with the help of set-screws that were screwed into a nut, welded to the inside of each branch of the shoe. Gaits were recorded on a videotape before and after application of the screws, and after application of either a local anaesthetic or saline into the DIP joint or NB. The gaits were independently evaluated by two blinded clinicians and scored. Lameness scores were high after application of the screws and remained high after the administration of saline, but decreased significantly (P < 0.05) after administration of the local anaesthetic. Analgesia of the DIP joint as well as the NB appeared to be able to desensitize a portion of the sole. It was concluded that pain arising from the toe region of the sole should not be excluded as a cause of lameness when lameness is attenuated by analgesia of the DIP joint, or of the NB.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran. k_sardari@yahoo.com
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sardari
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kazemi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohri
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia / Q000662:veterinary*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D002061:Bursa, Synovial; D005534:Foot Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D005684:Gait; D006724:Hoof and Claw; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006736:Horses; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular / Q000662:veterinary; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013639:Tarsal Bones; D014033:Toe Joint; D014743:Videotape Recording
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine