Cytogenetic heterogeneity of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with trilineage dysplasia: Japan Adult Leukaemia Study Group-AML 92 study.
Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) with trilineage dysplasia (AML/TLD) is de novo AML recognized by the morphological dysplasia of three mature cell lines in the presence of leukaemic blasts. We studied the karyotypes of AML/TLD of patients with de novo AML, except for those with the French-American-British classification M3, who were enrolled onto the Japan Adult Leukaemia Study Group (JALSG)-AML 92 trial. Morphological and cytogenetic analyses were performed in 559 patients and TLD phenotype was found in 155 patients (27.7%). The 511 patients with informative morphological and cytogenetic data were classified into three groups according to karyotype: favourable, intermediate and adverse risk groups (92, 375 and 44 patients respectively). Normal karyotype was the most frequent as a total, and among both the non-TLD and TLD patients (164 patients 45.3% and 78 patients 52.7% respectively). All but one patient with AML/TLD was classified into the intermediate or adverse cytogenetic risk group. TLD phenotype was associated with lower remission rate and shorter overall survival but it did not influence disease-free survival. Although we did not find any specific cytogenetic abnormalities for AML/TLD, the rarity of favourable karyotypes among TLD patients indicates the biological difference between AML/TLD and AML/non-TLD.
Miyazaki
Yasushi
Y
Department of Haematology and Molecular Medicine Unit, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki, Japan. y-miyaza@med.nagasaki-u.ac.jp
Kuriyama
Kazutaka
K
Miyawaki
Shuichi
S
Ohtake
Shigeki
S
Sakamaki
Hisashi
H
Matsuo
Tatsuki
T
Emi
Nobuhiko
N
Kobayashi
Tohru
T
Matsushima
Takafumi
T
Shinagawa
Katsuji
K
Ohno
Ryuzo
R
Tomonaga
Masao
M
D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5; D002897:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007621:Karyotyping; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012074:Remission Induction; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate