title: [Risk factors for permanent kidney damage in children with urinary tract infection].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In children, urinary tract infection (UTI) is a very common disease, and can cause permanent kidney damage.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine risk factors for permanent kidney damage, in children with UTI.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 337 children with UTI (237 female, mean age 4.2 years) a static renal scintigraphy was performed to assess the presence of permanent kidney damage. The history of vesicoureteral reflux and number of episodes of UTI was obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred three children had a history of one episode of infection and the rest had recurrent infections. Permanent kidney damage was observed in 161 children (48%). This damage was observed in 39% of children of less than one year of age, in 43% of children aged 1 to 5 years of age and in 58% of children older than 5 years (p = 0.02). Sixty three percent of 122 children with vesicoureteral reflux had permanent kidney damage, compared with 27% of children without this condition (p < 0.001). Likewise, damage was observed in 36% of children with one episode of infection and 47% of children with recurrent infections (p < 0.01). No gender differences were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vesicoureteral reflux, recurrence of UTI and age are associated with permanent renal damage in children with UTI.
authors.affiliation: Departamentos de Radiología, Pediatría, Urología, Laboratorio de Medicina Nuclear, Salud Pública, Hospital Clínico, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. pilar@med.puc.cl
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Orellana
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cavagnaro
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baquedano
authors.forename: Edda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lagomarsino
authors.forename: Cristián
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Villarroel
authors.forename: Juan Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Carreño
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meneses
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012008:Recurrence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*