title: Boar semen controlled delivery system: storage and in vitro spermatozoa release.
abstract: Swine spermatozoa were encapsulated in barium alginate and protamine-barium alginate membranes to lengthen their preservation time and to provide a means of controlling their release. Precocious acrosome reactions and secondary anomalies were measured as indices of semen quality. These characteristics were observed for two forms of encapsulated spermatozoa when stored at 18 and 38 degrees C for 24 h and for semen diluted in a classical extender at both temperatures. The results indicate that encapsulation enhances semen preservation, providing protection against membrane damage upon dilution. The effect is even more evident at the higher temperature (38 degrees C), where cell metabolism is higher. An in vitro release test of spermatozoa showed a massive cell delivery from barium alginate capsules within 6 h, and a slow release from protamine-barium alginate capsules. The properties of spermatozoa 24 h after release did not differ from the semen stored at the same temperature in capsules, indicating that the release process does not impair semen quality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Pavia, 27100, Pavia, Italy. marina.torre@unipv.it
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Torre
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Faustini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Norberti
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stacchezzini
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maggi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maffeo
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Conte
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vigo
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004356:Drug Storage / Q000379:methods; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D008297:Male; D012661:Semen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid