title: Graphogenic epilepsy: a variant of language-induced epilepsy distinguished from reading- and praxis-induced epilepsy.
abstract: We report a case of graphogenic epilepsy as a variant of language-induced epilepsy. A 25-year-old, right-handed woman had noticed for the previous 10 years that writing almost always provoked jerks or a jerking sensation in her right hand. No other triggers, including facets of language function such as reading and speaking, elicited any epileptic seizures. Ictal EEG demonstrated an initial left central abnormality. In our report, we stress that graphogenic seizures as an expression of language-induced epilepsy should not be confused with those that are manifestations of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, and that writing and reading trigger different facets of motor manifestations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Aichi Medical University, 21 Yazako-Karimata, Nagakute, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Hirosuke
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kousuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanemoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D020190:Myoclonic Epilepsy, Juvenile / Q000175:diagnosis; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D011932:Reading; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014956:Writing