title: Polymorphic genes for kinin receptors, nephropathy and blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is evidence that hereditary predisposition contributes to the development of diabetic nephropathy and hypertension. Polymorphisms in the genes for bradykinin receptors (B(1)R and B(2)R) were found to be associated with decreased risk of the development of end-stage renal disease. This study examines whether B(1)R G(-699)C and B(2)R C(181)T polymorphisms are associated with microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy, or blood pressure variation in type 2 diabetic subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  B(1)R and B(2)R polymorphisms were determined in 153 type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, 132 with overt nephropathy (macroalbuminuria or chronic renal failure), and 161 patients with normoalbuminuria despite diabetes duration longer than 10 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Distributions of the examined polymorphisms did not differ between patients with microalbuminuria or overt nephropathy, compared to normoalbuminuric control subjects. Patients carrying the B(2)R T allele had lower DBP, compared with non-carriers: 83.6 +/- 12.0 vs. 87.4 +/- 12.1 mm Hg, p < 0.05. Among patients not receiving ACEI, both SBP and DBP was significantly lower in B(2)R T allele carriers, compared to non-carriers (137.2 +/- 20.3 vs. 146.5 +/- 21.7 mm Hg, and 80.3 +/- 11.9 vs. 85.8 +/- 11.6 mm Hg, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Examined polymorphisms are not associated with the increased risk of incipient or overt nephropathy in type 2 diabetic patients. B(2)R C(181)T polymorphism may contribute to blood pressure variation in these subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Diabetology and Nephrology, Silesian School of Medicine, 3-Maja 13-15, PL-41-800 Zabrze, Poland. zychma@post.pl
authors.forename: Marcin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zychma
authors.forename: Janusz
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gumprecht
authors.forename: Wanda
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Trautsolt
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Szydlowska
authors.forename: Wladyslaw
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Grzeszczak
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000235:genetics / Q000652:urine; D000483:Alleles; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000652:urine; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000235:genetics* / Q000652:urine; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018002:Receptors, Bradykinin / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D018002:Receptors, Bradykinin; D003404:Creatinine