title: Determination of docosahexaenoic acid and n-3 fatty acids in refined fish oils by 1H-NMR spectroscopy: IUPAC interlaboratory study.
abstract: A high-resolution proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) method for determining the concentration (mg/g) of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), the molar proportion (mol%) of DHA, and the molar proportion of total n-3 fatty acids in fish oils was validated by an IUPAC interlaboratory study (the Commission VI-6 on Oils, Fats, and Derivatives WG 3/98). Thirteen laboratories from 5 countries tested 6 pairs of blind duplicate fish oils: a refined tuna oil, 2 extracted tuna oils, an extracted bonito oil, an extracted salmon oil, and an extracted sardine oil ranging from 9 to 30 mol% DHA and from 20 to 35 mol% n-3 fatty acids. Before 1 D-proton NMR measurements with 300-500 MHz instruments, oil samples were weighed and diluted with deuterochloroform solution containing ethylene glycol dimethyl ether as internal standard. To achieve precise performance, a detailed procedure for signal area measurement was described in the protocol, and all participants were instructed about the critical importance of following the protocol. Statistical performances with invalid and outlier data removed were as follows: repeatability relative standard deviations (RSDr) ranged from 0.91 to 2.62% and reproducibility relative standard deviation (RSDR) ranged from 1.73 to 4.27% for DHA concentration (mg/g); RSDr ranged from 0.39 to 2.06%, and RSDR ranged from 0.59 to 3.46% for mol% DHA; RSDr ranged from 0.23 to 0.90% and RSDR ranged from 0.85 to 2.01 % for mol% total n-3 fatty acids. The method is expected to be recommended by IUPAC.
authors.affiliation: Japan Marine Oil Association, Tokyo. igarasit@jfrl.or.jp
authors.forename: Tomoji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Marit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aursand
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sacchi
authors.forename: Livio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paolillo
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Shun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wada
mesh_terms: D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000032:analysis*; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000032:analysis*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D011786:Quality Control; D012015:Reference Standards; D012996:Solutions
chemical_list: D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D012996:Solutions; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids