title: Mechanisms of excitatory transmission in circular smooth muscles of the guinea pig seminal vesicle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cellular mechanisms of excitatory neuromuscular transmission in circular smooth muscles of the seminal vesicle were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Circular smooth muscles of the seminal vesicle of the guinea pig were isolated. Changes in membrane potential produced by transmural nerve stimulation were recorded using intracellular microelectrode techniques. Changes in the intracellular Ca ion concentration induced by transmural nerve stimulation were measured in preparations loaded with Ca indicator fura-PE3. Responses produced by bath applied norepinephrine and alpha,beta-methylene adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transmural nerve stimulation evoked excitatory junction potentials that triggered action potentials and also caused transient increases in [Ca2+] (Ca transients). Nifedipine abolished action potentials, leaving underlying excitatory junction potentials unchanged, and reduced the amplitude of Ca transients. Excitatory junction potentials were blocked by alpha,beta-methylene ATP or guanethidine but not by phentolamine. A train of transmural nerve stimulation evoked oscillatory changes in membrane potential and [Ca2+], which were abolished by phentolamine or inhibited by nifedipine. Nifedipine insensitive components were abolished by cyclopiazonic acid. Norepinephrine depolarized the membrane and elicited oscillatory potentials with an associated elevation in [Ca2+]. These responses were inhibited by nifedipine and abolished by additional application of cyclopiazonic acid. Transient depolarization with an associated increase in [Ca2+] was elicited by alpha,beta-methylene ATP and [Ca2+] responses but no potential changes were inhibited by nifedipine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Circular smooth muscles of the guinea pig seminal vesicle receive a projection of sympathetic nerves that release norepinephrine to initiate slow depolarization through the activation of alpha-adrenoceptors. These nerves also release ATP to elicit excitatory junction potentials. Neurally released norepinephrine and ATP are increased [Ca2+] by the influx of Ca2+ through L-type Ca2+ channels and also by the release of Ca2+ from internal stores.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Urology, Nagoya City University Medical School, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashitani
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukuta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohri
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006145:Guanethidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000294:innervation* / Q000378:metabolism; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000502:physiology*; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010646:Phentolamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000294:innervation*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D009543:Nifedipine; C002630:alpha,beta-methyleneadenosine 5'-triphosphate; D002118:Calcium; D009638:Norepinephrine; D010646:Phentolamine; D006145:Guanethidine