title: Arachidonic acid-induced vasodilation of rat small mesenteric arteries is lipoxygenase-dependent.
abstract: We examined the mechanism of arachidonic acid-induced vasodilation in rat small mesenteric arteries and determined the primary arachidonic acid metabolites produced by these arteries. Responses to arachidonic acid in small mesenteric arteries from Sprague-Dawley rats were investigated in vitro in the presence or absence of endothelium or after pretreatment with inhibitors of nitric oxide (NO), cyclooxygenase, cytochrome P450, lipoxygenase, or K+ channels. In addition, the metabolism of arachidonic acid was examined by incubating arteries with [3H]arachidonic acid in the presence and absence of cyclooxygenase, cytochrome P450, or lipoxygenase inhibitors. Finally, the vascular response to both 12(S)-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HETE) and 12(S)-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (HPETE) was determined. Arachidonic acid induced an endothelium-dependent vasodilation that was abolished by lipoxygenase inhibitors [cin-namyl-3,4-dihydroxy-cyanocinnamate (CDC) or 5,8,11-eicosatriynoic acid (ETI)] and KCl, whereas it was partially inhibited by either tetraethylammonium or iberiotoxin. In contrast, neither NO nor cytochrome P450 enzyme inhibitors affected arachidonic acid-mediated dilation, whereas inhibition of cyclooxygenase enhanced dilation. Biochemical analysis revealed that small mesenteric arteries primarily produce 12-HETE, a lipoxygenase metabolite. Moreover, CDC and ETI inhibited the production of 12-HETE. Finally, both 12(S)-HETE and 12(S)-HPETE induced a concentration-dependent vasodilation in mesenteric arteries. These findings provide functional and biochemical evidence that the lipoxygenase pathway mediates arachidonic acid-induced vasodilation in rat small mesenteric arteries through a K+ channel-dependent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA. amiller@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: Allison W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Prasad V G
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Katakam
authors.forename: Hon-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Christina D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Tulbert
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Busija
authors.forename: Neal L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Weintraub
mesh_terms: D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015289:Leukotrienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000502:physiology*; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D015289:Leukotrienes; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; C021201:12-HPETE; D008084:Lipoxygenase