title: Protodioscin isolated from fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) induces cell death and morphological change indicative of apoptosis in leukemic cell line H-60, but not in gastric cancer cell line KATO III.
abstract: Protodioscin (PD) was purified from fenugreek (Trigonella foenumgraecum L.) and identified by Mass, and 1H- and 13C-NMR. The effects of PD on cell viability in human leukemia HL-60 and human stomach cancer KATO III cells were investigated. PD displayed strong growth inhibitory effect against HL-60 cells, but weak growth inhibitory effect on KATO III cells. Morphological change showing apoptotic bodies was observed in the HL-60 cells treated with PD, but not in KATO III cells treated with PD. Flow cytometric analysis showed that the hypodiploid nuclei of HL-60 cells were increased to 75.2, 96.3, and 100% after a 3-day treatment with 2.5, 5, and 10 microM PD, respectively. The fragmentation by PD of DNA to oligonucleosomal-sized fragments, that is a characteristic of apoptosis, was observed to be both concentration- and time-dependent in the HL-60 cells. These findings suggest that growth inhibition by PD of HL-60 cells results from the induction of apoptosis by this compound in HL-60 cells.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Mie University, Tsu-city, Mie 514-0001, Japan. hibasami@nurse.medic.mie-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshige
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hibasami
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moteki
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katsuzaki
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Kazumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Yaeko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komiya
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004144:Diosgenin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms; D029910:Trigonella; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D012503:Saponins; C459619:protodioscin; D004144:Diosgenin