title: Do patients profit from 5-aminolevulinic acid-induced fluorescence diagnosis in transurethral resection of bladder carcinoma?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate in a prospective study the influence of fluorescence diagnosis (FD) controlled transurethral resection of bladder tumors on therapeutic consequences. The aim was to determine in how many patients FD led to a change in treatment strategy compared with conventional white light (WL) cystoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 279 patients with suspected bladder tumors underwent transurethral resection using FD in addition to WL cystoscopy. The number of additional tumor-positive patients, staging change, number of multilocular tumors exclusively detected by FD, and resulting therapeutic consequences compared with the results after WL cystoscopy were investigated. In addition a biopsy-based evaluation was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor or dysplasia II degrees (moderate dysplasia) was detected in 177 patients. In 168 patients, tumor was detected by WL cystoscopy, and in 9 (5.1%) of the patients, tumor was completely overlooked by WL cystoscopy and diagnosed exclusively by FD (n = 3 TaG1-G2, n = 2 carcinoma in situ, n = 1 greater than T1, and n = 3 dysplasia II degrees ). Multilocular tumor involvement was detected in 10 cases using FD, and a change in the stage by detection of coexisting dysplasia II degrees and carcinoma in situ occurred in 8 patients. In 27 patients (15.3%), additional information was obtained by exclusive detection of tumors by FD. This resulted in a change in the treatment strategy for 16 patients (9%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FD leads to an improvement in the diagnosis of bladder carcinoma. It allows the early selection of the best treatment option and thus has a potentially positive effect on the prognosis of the affected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St. Joseph's Hospital, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Filbeck
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pichlmeier
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Knuechel
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Wieland
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Roessler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid; D001706:Biopsy; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011446:Prospective Studies; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid