title: Pathophysiology and treatment of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome.
abstract: We have recently encountered three cases of streptococcal toxic shock syndrome, each of which had a different cause. All the patients had inflammation of soft tissue in the lower extremities, and developed shock and multiple organ failure immediately after the clinical visit. The inflammation of soft tissue was necrotising fasciitis in one case, myositis in one case, and phlegmon in one. In the first case the debridement was incomplete, which resulted in an extensive ulceration. Wary of repeating this experience, we made an early diagnosis and did a thorough debridement in the second case. The patient was ultimately discharged without complications. It is rare that a patient with extensive myositis survives without amputation of the extremity. The third patient responded well to early treatment with antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Departments of 'Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, St Luke's International Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. tachi@med.teikyo-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tachi
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Takeki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002481:Cellulitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D019115:Fasciitis, Necrotizing / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009220:Myositis / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents