title: Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting followed by fluorescence in situ hybridization to study lineage relationships: the 8;21 translocation is present in neutrophils but not monocytes in a patient with severe congenital neutropenia and a granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-responsive clonal abnormality.
abstract: Severe congenital neutropenia (Kostmann syndrome) is a disorder that presents in the neonatal period, but predisposes to leukemia later in life. This report describes a 4-y-old female with a history of severe congenital neutropenia, who developed a clonal abnormality associated with the translocation (7;21;8) (q32;q22;q22) (AML-1/ETO). She had circulating peripheral blasts and bone marrow blast counts as high as 64% when she received recombinant granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (rG-CSF). Her marrow blasts decreased to 4-20% when rG-CSF was discontinued. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis was performed on bone marrow cell populations sorted by flow cytometry to determine which cell populations had the AML-1/ETO translocation. The translocation was found in mature neutrophils and blasts, but not in monocytes, lymphocytes or stem cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the translocation occurred in a neutrophil progenitor, past the point in ontogeny where monocytes and neutrophils separate. The techniques described may be useful in understanding lineage relationships and leukemogenesis in other clonal abnormalities associated with myelodysplasia and leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Primary Children's Hospital, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Raetz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pulsipher
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Spangrude
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Slayton
mesh_terms: D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000235:genetics; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002891:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 21; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000628:therapy; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology; D011230:Precancerous Conditions; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor