title: Oral bleeding associated with pancreatic enzyme supplementation in three dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency.
abstract: Three dogs with exocrine pancreatic insufficiency developed oral bleeding during treatment with pancreatic enzyme supplements. According to the owners of the dogs, bleeding from the oral cavity developed during or shortly after consumption of meals containing the pancreatic enzyme supplement. Oral bleeding stopped in all dogs when owners reduced the dose of the pancreatic enzyme supplement. In 2 dogs, the decrease in the dose of the pancreatic enzyme supplement did not affect fecal consistency. However, in the third dog, the decrease in dose led to a recurrence of clinical signs. Findings in these dogs suggest that high doses of pancreatic enzyme supplements can cause oral bleeding in dogs with pancreatic insufficiency, but that oral bleeding can be successfully managed by dose reduction in most dogs.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Laboratory, Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
authors.forename: Gabriele M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Rutz
authors.forename: Jörg M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D057487:Enzyme Therapy; D004798:Enzymes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010188:Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D006472:Oral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000201:enzymology*; D011208:Powders
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D011208:Powders