Effects of four antihypertensive monotherapies on cardiac mass and function in hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy: randomized prospective study.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the effects of four antihypertensive drugs, which have reportedly different effectiveness in reducing myocardial mass.


METHODS
A randomized, double-blind, prospective study included 80 hypertensive patients with left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy confirmed both electrocardiographically and echocardiographically. We investigated the effects of indapamide, nicardipine, propranolol, and chlorthalidone on arterial blood pressure and LV mass and function.


RESULTS
Sixty-four patients (34 men and 30 women) completed the 6-month study. No significant differences in antihypertensive effects of the four medications were found. The average decrease in systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 12.8% and 10.4%, respectively. All four antihypertensive medications caused pronounced reduction in LV mass, between 7.9% in the propranolol group and 10.1% in the nicardipine group, with no significant difference between the groups. In patients receiving diuretics, predominant decrease was observed in LV mass and LV mass index. In patients treated with propranolol, the thickness of both the LV wall and interventricular septum was reduced, whereas the reduction in LV mass, LV wall and interventricular septum thickness was found in patients treated with nicardipine. There was no significant correlation between the changes in LV mass and other variables (blood pressure, and systolic and diastolic function). Systolic function did not improve with the reversion of LV hypertrophy in any group of patients, but improvement was observed in some indices of diastolic function. The early and late LV filling velocity and their ratio did not improve significantly, either. Clinically relevant side effects were not observed.


CONCLUSIONS
All four antihypertensive monotherapies achieved a comparable control of hypertension and reduction in LV hypertrophy.
Rakić
Drago
D
Department of Internal Medicine, Split University Hospital and School of Medicine, Split, Croatia. drago.rakic@st.hinet.hr
Rumboldt
Zvonko
Z
Bagatin
Jugoslav
J
Polić
Stojan
S
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002752:Chlorthalidone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017523:Croatia; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007190:Indapamide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009529:Nicardipine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011433:Propranolol; D009529:Nicardipine; D007190:Indapamide; D002752:Chlorthalidone