title: Effects of dietary fat and conjugated linoleic acid on plasma metabolite concentrations and metabolic responses to homeostatic signals in pigs.
abstract: Sixteen female cross-bred (Large White x Landrace) pigs (initial weight 65 kg) with venous catheters were randomly allocated to four treatment groups in a factorial design. The respective factors were dietary fat (25 or 100 g/kg) and dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA; 0 or 10 g CLA-55/kg). Pigs were fed every 3 h (close to ad libitum digestible energy intake) for 8 d and were bled frequently. Plasma glucose and non-esterified fatty acid (NEFA) responses to insulin and adrenaline challenges were determined on day 8. Plasma concentrations of NEFA were significantly increased (10.5 and 5.4 % for low- and high-fat diets respectively, P=0.015) throughout the experiment, suggesting that there was a possible increase in fat mobilisation. The increase in lipolysis, an indicator of ss-adrenergic stimulated lipolysis, was also evident in the NEFA response to adrenaline. However, the increase in plasma triacylglycerol (11.0 and 7.1 % for low- and high-fat diets respectively, P=0.008) indicated that CLA could have reduced fat accretion via decreased adipose tissue triacylglycerol synthesis from preformed fatty acids, possibly through reduced lipoprotein lipase activity. Plasma glucose, the primary substrate for de novo lipid synthesis, and plasma insulin levels were unaffected by dietary CLA suggesting that de novo lipid synthesis was largely unaffected (P=0.24 and P=0.30 respectively). In addition, the dietary CLA had no effect upon the ability of insulin to stimulate glucose removal.
authors.affiliation: Agriculture Victoria, Victorian Institute of Animal Science, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ostrowska
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muralitharan
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Dunshea
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004837:Epinephrine; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D006706:Homeostasis; D007328:Insulin; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D011897:Random Allocation; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D004837:Epinephrine