title: Analysis of a hybrid micro/macro-optical method for distortion removal in free-space optical interconnections.
abstract: Eikonal analyses are applied to a hybrid micro/macro-optical shuffle interconnection approach that minimizes distortion in a multichip smart-pixel shuffle interconnection system. The optical system uses off-axis imaging elements to link clusters of dense arrays of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) sources to matching clusters within arrays of detectors. A critical requirement for such a system is that the images of the two-dimensional arrays of the VCSELs must be registered on their associated detector arrays with a precision of the order of 10 microm across the entire multichip array. The hybrid approach exploits the typical narrow-beam cone angles of VCSELs by use of beam-deflecting micro-optics to create a distortion-canceling symmetry about a central aperture in the optical system for each VCSEL-detector link. The second- and third-order aberrations of the plane-symmetric system created by the global off-axis imaging system are analyzed. The results prove that the hybrid concept cancels distortion and minimizes the spot size at the detector array plane.
authors.affiliation: Applied Photonics, 4031 University Drive, Suite 200, Fairfax, Virginia 22030, USA. mpc@engr.smu.edu
authors.forename: Marc P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: Predrag
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Milojkovic
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Haney