title: Polymer conditioning of alum sludge and discrepancies between estimates of the optimum dosage.
abstract: The paper outlines the effects of polymer conditioning on alum sludge properties, such as floc size, density, fractal dimension (DF) and rheological properties. Experimental results demonstrate that polymer conditioning of alum sludge leads to: larger floc size with a plateau reached in higher doses; higher densities associated with higher doses; increased degree of compactness; and an initial decrease followed by an increase of supernatant viscosity with continued increase in polymer dose. The secondary focus of this paper dwells on a comparison of the estimates of optimum dose using different criteria that emanate from established dewatering tests such as CST, SRF, liquid phase viscosity and modified SRF as well as a simple settlement test in terms of CML30. Alum sludge was derived from a water works treating coloured, low-turbidity raw waters.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering Research Centre, School of Civil Engineering, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT7 1 NN, Northern Ireland, UK.
authors.forename: Y Q
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Papavasilopoulos
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Bache
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mackinnon
mesh_terms: D000534:Alum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D005427:Flocculation; D011108:Polymers; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000534:Alum Compounds; D011108:Polymers; D012722:Sewage; D014867:Water; C041524:aluminum sulfate