title: Future trends in thermal energy.
abstract: Current research is focusing on the parameters that affect tissue response to thermal energy. A clearer understanding of the interaction between thermal delivery systems, technique, and tissue response will allow for advancement. The future use of thermal energy in orthopedics depends on continued basic science and clinical research to ensure safe and efficacious results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Kaufmann Building, Suite 1011, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. ffu@msx.upmc.edu
authors.forename: Freddie H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Lee D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends*; D013696:Temperature