title: The transradial approach for selective carotid and vertebral angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The transradial approach is not so popular in cerebral angiography. The purpose of this study was therefore to present our experience of success rate and safety of this method.
  
  
  METHODS
  From December 1998 to June 2001, 526 carotid and vertebral angiographies with DSA were performed via the radial artery. A 1.4-mm catheter was used through a 1.4-mm introducer sheath. We evaluated the procedure as successful if sufficient images for diagnosis were obtained of the bilateral carotid arteries and unilateral vertebral artery. Each patient was reassessed for any complications, occurring until the next morning. The length of time needed for an examination was measured in the last 10 cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all but 5 cases, the procedures were evaluated as successful (99.0%). Unsuccessful cases manifested severe pain at the radial puncture, angiospasm at the radial artery, loop formation at the radial artery, occlusion at the subclavian artery, and an aberrant right subclavian artery. No severe complications including neurological ones were encountered. Minor complications were noted in 17 cases (3.2%): 4 cases of thrombus at the ulnar artery, 1 angiospasm at the radial artery, and 12 cases of small hematoma at the puncture site. The radial approach took 14 min less in the common carotid study and 3 min 30 s less in the internal carotid study than by the femoral approach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transradial approach enabled selective studies for carotid and vertebral angiography with a high success rate and safety with few complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Higashiosaka City General Hospital, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sueyosi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kichikawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017534:Radial Artery; D014711:Vertebral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*