title: Pharmacology of vanilloids at recombinant and endogenous rat vanilloid receptors.
abstract: This study compared the actions of members of five different chemical classes of vanilloid agonists at the recombinant rat vanilloid VR1 receptor expressed in HEK293 cells, and at endogenous vanilloid receptors on dorsal root ganglion cells and sensory nerves in the rat isolated mesenteric arterial bed. In mesenteric beds, vanilloids elicited dose-dependent vasorelaxation with the rank order of potency: resiniferatoxin>>capsaicin=olvanil>phorbol 12-phenyl-acetate 13-acetate 20-homovanillate (PPAHV)>isovelleral. Scutigeral was inactive. Responses were abolished by capsaicin pretreatment and inhibited by ruthenium red. In VR1-HEK293 cells and dorsal root ganglion neurones, Ca(2+) responses were induced by resiniferatoxin>capsaicin=olvanil>PPAHV; all four were full agonists. Isovelleral and scutigeral were inactive. The resiniferatoxin-induced Ca(2+) response had a distinct kinetic profile. Olvanil had a Hill coefficient of approximately 1 whilst capsaicin, resiniferatoxin and PPAHV had Hill coefficients of approximately 2 in VR1-HEK293 cells. The capsaicin-induced Ca(2+) response was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner by ruthenium red>capsazepine>isovelleral. These data show that resiniferatoxin, capsaicin, olvanil and PPAHV, but not scutigeral and isovelleral, are agonists at recombinant rat VR1 receptors and endogenous vanilloid receptors on dorsal root ganglion neurones and in the rat mesenteric arterial bed. The vanilloids display the same relative potencies (resiniferatoxin>capsaicin=olvanil>PPAHV) in all of the bioassays.
authors.affiliation: School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. vera.ralevic@nottingham.ac.uk
authors.forename: Vera
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ralevic
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jerman
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Brough
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egerton
authors.forename: Darren
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smart
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects*; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012430:Ruthenium Red / Q000494:pharmacology; D011984:Sensory Receptor Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004224:Diterpenes; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D010636:Phenols; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D000081223:Polycyclic Sesquiterpenes; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C119453:scutigeral; D012430:Ruthenium Red; C100823:phorbol 12-phenylacetate 13-acetate 20-homovanillate; C089286:isovelleral; C054256:olvanil; C024353:resiniferatoxin; D002211:Capsaicin