title: Antiviral properties of prodelphinidin B-2 3'-O-gallate from green tea leaf.
abstract: Prodelphinidin B-2 3-O-gallate, a proanthocyanidin gallate isolated from green tea leaf, was investigated for its anti-herpes simplex virus type 2 properties in vitro. Prodelphinidin B-2 3'-O-gallate exhibited antiviral activity with IC50 of 5.0 +/-1.0 microM and 1.6 +/-0.3 pM for XTT and plaque reduction (PRA) assays, respectively. Cytotoxicity assay had shown that prodelphinidin B-2 3'-O-gallate possessed cytotoxic effect toward Vero cell at concentration higher than its IC50. The 50% cytotoxic concentration for cell growth (CC50) was 33.3 +/- 3.7 microM. Thus, the selectivity index (SI) (ratio of IC50 to CC50) for XTT assay and PRA was 6.7 and 20.8, respectively. Prodelphinidin B-2 3'-O-gallate significantly reduced viral infectivity at concentrations 10 microM or more. Result of time-of-addition studies suggested that prodelphinidin B-2 3'-O-gallate affected the late stage of HSV-2 infection. In addition, it was also shown to inhibit the virus from attaching and penetrating into the cell. Thus, prodelphinidin B-2 3'-O-gallate was concluded to possess antiviral activity with mechanism of inhibiting viral attachment and penetration, and disturbing the late stage of viral infection.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, College of Pharmacy, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hua-Yew
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Chun-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ta-Chen
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014709:Vero Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D013662:Tea; C472180:prodelphinidin B-2 3'-O-gallate; C013221:proanthocyanidin