title: Transanal endoscopic microsurgery: the first 50 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is a form of minimally invasive rectal surgery first used at Cabrini Hospital in April 1997. This paper presents a prospective analysis of the first 50 cases with a median follow up of 33 months (range 20-48 months).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective data was obtained from all cases between April 1997 and June 2000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-nine patients (30 men and 19 women) underwent 50 procedures. Thirty-six had benign lesions and 14 malignant. The mean distance of the lower edge of the lesion from the anal verge was 8.7 cm. Three cases were converted to traditional transanal or transabdominal operations. Full-thickness excision was performed on 26 patients and the rectal wound was closed in 13 cases. The mean duration of transanal endoscopic microsurgery was 67 min (range 20-175), with a mean blood loss of 24 mL (0-300). The mean diameter and area of the fixed specimen was 3.7 cm (1.5-9.8) and 11.4 cm2 (0.8-18.9), respectively. Complications included postoperative fever (3), urinary retention (1) and per rectum bleeding (1). There was one death. The mean length of stay was 4 days. Histology confirmed complete excision in 39 (78%) cases and there have been two instances of local recurrence of adenoma (5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transanal endoscopic microsurgery is an effective, safe and cost-beneficial procedure for local excision of selected lesions in the middle and upper thirds of the rectum.
authors.affiliation: Cabrini Monash University Academic Surgical Unit, Cabrini Hospital, Malvern, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: K Chip
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wale
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winnett
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cunningham
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grossberg
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polglase
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome