title: Nonvascular interventions of the urinary tract.
abstract: Nonvascular intervention of the urinary tract is a well-established uroradiologic subspecialty, which is more important for avoiding invasive open surgery in the age of rising demand about the value of less invasive treatment. Various kinds of nonvascular intervention are recently performed under image-guidance and are as follows: percutaneous nephrostomy, percutaneous nephrostolithotomy, percutaneous dilatation of the urinary tract, sclerotherapy for renal cysts, percutaneous catheter drainage, percutaneous foreign body retrieval and biopsy. Percutaneous nephrostomy is a basic technique to provide a direct access to urinary tract, which makes it possible to perform other interventional procedures. Although nonvascular intervention may produce some complications, it is generally considered to be less invasive than open surgery and has advantages such as short hospital stay, early return to normal life and therefore economic savings. This review is described to help clinicians easily understand the procedures, indications, techniques, and complications with figures of cases the authors experienced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, SNUMRC, Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Byung Kwan
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seung Hyup
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min Hoan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Moon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000628:therapy