title: The impact of regular ecstasy use on memory function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess memory impairment in a group of regular users of ecstasy compared with a group of regular users of cannabis, after accounting for possible confounding factors such as other drug use, premorbid intelligence and psychopathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative and regression analysis was used to determine the presence or absence of a difference in memory function between 40 regular ecstasy users and 37 regular users of cannabis, who were interviewed at the National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre in Sydney, Australia. Regression analysis was used to find associations between life-time exposure to ecstasy use and memory performance. Memory function was assessed using an age-standardized memory test. Other scales were used to assess premorbid intelligence, physical and psychological health, drug withdrawal and other drug use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Initial comparative analysis showed a trend towards a significantly poorer performance by the regular ecstasy-using group on the 'auditory immediate memory' and 'auditory delayed memory' indices. When regression analysis was performed an estimate of verbal intelligence was found to be the most predictive of most memory indices including 'auditory immediate memory' and 'auditory delayed memory'. Life-time exposure to ecstasy was not predictive of the memory indices. The current frequency of cannabis use was found to have some predictive effect for immediate and delayed visual memory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study does not show memory impairment in a group of ecstasy users relative to cannabis using controls. The previously reported association of life-time exposure to ecstasy and memory was not found. The findings may indicate a confounding role of cannabis use, as has been recently reported.
authors.affiliation: National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, School of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Neil G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mattick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000523:psychology; D008603:Mental Health; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests
chemical_list: D006213:Hallucinogens; D018817:N-Methyl-3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine