title: Potential costs and effects of the National Service Framework for Coronary Heart Disease in the UK.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the costs and effect of implementing the National Service Framework for Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) in the UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Decision trees were built on the results from randomised controlled trials on improving coronary revascularisation. All costs were presented in UK pounds (1997 values).
  
  
  METHODS
  Each year 6600 new patients with CHD are expected to require revascularisation in the UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  The new patients would be equally divided into those undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and those undergoing a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) i.e., percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PCTA). PTCA could be administered with or without abciximab (a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonist), stent, or stent plus abciximab (stent+).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CABG/stent alone has an incremental cost of more than 115,489 pounds per additional quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained compared with CABG/ PTCA+. This high incremental cost is not attractive because if CABG/ stent would be added to abciximab (CABG/stent+) its incremental cost-effectiveness ratio would be 2529 pounds per extra QALY compared with CABG/stent. Therefore, the debate should not be limited to the issue of stents but it should focus on the need for administering abciximab in addition to stent. The 5-year direct costs of implementing such a strategy in the UK is expected to be 50.6 million pounds (1997 values).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Abciximab and probably any glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists should be added to any PCI, especially if stents are used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Italian Cooperation, Pietermaritzburg, Republic of South Africa. Thevellas@yahoo.it
authors.forename: Venanzio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vella
mesh_terms: D000077284:Abciximab; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D003663:Decision Trees; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000191:economics*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D000077284:Abciximab