title: Differential gene expression in vascular smooth muscle cells in primary atherosclerosis and in stent stenosis in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to identify differentially expressed genes in human in stent stenosis (ISS) to provide insights into the mechanism of disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using representation difference analysis, we examined differential gene expression between cultured normal human medial vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) and cells from primary atherosclerotic plaques or ISS sites. Specific groups of genes were overexpressed in ISS and plaque VSMCs, including cell cycle regulatory proteins and cell matrix and contractile proteins. Differential expression was validated by virtual Northern analysis, reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and immunohistochemistry. All ISS genes were expressed by normal intima and had even higher expression in primary plaque VSMCs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ISS VSMCs have a stable gene expression profile reflecting an intimal pattern, intermediate between normal medial and primary plaque VSMCs. Differential expression profiling may identify markers of disease that are overexpressed in ISS and also help elucidate the origin of the ISS lesion.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Addenbrooke's Centre for Clinical Investigation, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: Qi Jun
authors.initials: QJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goddard
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shanahan
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bennett
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000235:genetics*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008875:Middle Aged; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology