title: Neighborhood income and physical and social disorder in Canada: associations with young children's competencies.
abstract: This study examined the association of census level, observational, and parent-reported neighborhood characteristics on the verbal and behavioral competencies of a national sample of Canadian preschoolers (N = 3,350). Children's verbal ability scores were positively associated with residing in neighborhoods with affluent residents and negatively associated with residing in neighborhoods with poor residents and in neighborhoods with low cohesion, even after controlling for family socioeconomic factors. Behavior problem scores were higher when children lived in neighborhoods that had fewer affluent residents, high unemployment rates, and neighborhoods with low cohesion, after controlling for family socioeconomic factors. These findings are discussed in light of neighborhood studies of children in the United States in the mid-1990s.
authors.affiliation: Statistics Canada, Health Analysis and Measurement Group, Ottawa, Ontario. dafna.kohen@statcan.ca
authors.forename: Dafna E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kohen
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brooks-Gunn
authors.forename: Tama
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Leventhal
authors.forename: Clyde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hertzman
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003071:Cognition; D003469:Culture; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012920:Social Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012944:Social Support; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014705:Verbal Behavior