title: Treatment of breast cancer with chemotherapy in combination with filgrastim: approaches to improving therapeutic outcome.
abstract: Chemotherapy improves disease-free and overall survival in breast cancer, and its benefit is directly related to the percentage of the planned dose that is actually administered. In all current chemotherapeutic regimens, a substantial proportion of patients have reductions and/or delays in dosage due to side effects. In about half such cases, the delays or reductions are related to neutropenia. Overall, approximately 30% of patients have a reduction to less than 85% of the planned dosage. Women aged > or = 50 years are more likely to experience a reduction or delay in dose. Dose-intense regimens (excluding myeloablative high-dose chemotherapy) which increase the dose of chemotherapy or reduce the interval between cycles, or both, are a promising approach now under investigation. The human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor filgrastim reduces the incidence of neutropenia and facilitates adherence to full dose intensity in both standard and dose-intensified regimens. A model based on the first-cycle absolute neutrophil count nadir has been developed and validated to determine which patients should receive filgrastim. A cost benefit associated with the use of filgrastim in patients with breast cancer has been realised. This may lead to a re-evaluation of the current treatment guidelines.
authors.affiliation: gifrasci@sirio-oncology.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frasci
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D000069585:Filgrastim; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000069585:Filgrastim