Multisite phosphorylation provides sophisticated regulation of transcription factors.
Reversible phosphorylation is a prevalent mechanism by which the activity of eukaryotic transcription factors is regulated rapidly in response to changes in the cellular environment. Accumulated evidence has expanded the concept of phosphorylation to a process that provides dynamic and precise tuning of the transactivating potential of a factor, rather than being a static on/off switch. In the case of transcription factors such as heat shock factor 1 (HSF1), p53 and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), multisite phosphorylation enables several effects to operate within a single factor, thereby functioning as a key to signal integration. Studies on these transcription factors illustrate recent progress in solving the dynamic nature of transcriptional regulation by multisite phosphorylation.
Holmberg
Carina I
CI
Dept of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Cell Biology, Rice Institute for Biomedical Research, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA.
Tran
Stefanie E F
SE
Eriksson
John E
JE
Sistonen
Lea
L
D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010766:Phosphorylation; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors