title: A retrospective analysis of 153 patients treated with or without intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin for primary stage T1 grade 3 bladder cancer: recurrence, progression and survival.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We retrospectively evaluated the long-term outcome in patients with newly diagnosed stage T1 grade 3 bladder cancer treated with transurethral resection with or without intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG).
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 153 patients with a median age of 67 years (range 36 to 88) and a male-to-female ratio of 4:1 we treated 92 with transurethral bladder resection and additional BCG, and 61 with transurethral bladder resection alone. BCG was administered intravesically as 120 mg. BCG Pasteur F dissolved in 50 ml. saline, retained for up to 2 hours weekly for 6 weeks and repeated as necessary.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median followup was 5.3 years (range 0.4 to 18.2). Disease recurred in 70% of the patients treated with BCG and in 75% treated with transurethral resection alone. Median time to recurrence was 38 and 22 months for BCG and resection alone (p = 0.19). Tumor progressed in 33% of patients with BCG and in 36% with resection alone. Deferred cystectomy was performed in 29% of the patients with BCG and in 31% with resection alone. Overall and disease specific survival did not differ significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that intravesical BCG therapy after transurethral bladder resection for stage T1 grade 3 bladder cancer may delay the time to recurrence and cystectomy but it does not substantially alter the final outcome. Our findings reflect the rule of 30% for stage T1 grade 3 cancer, namely approximately 30% of patients never have recurrence, 30% ultimately die of metastatic disease and 30% require deferred cystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Osama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shahin
authors.forename: George N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Thalmann
authors.forename: Cyrill
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rentsch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mazzucchelli
authors.forename: U E
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Studer
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015653:Cystectomy; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001500:BCG Vaccine