title: Therapeutic drug monitoring data: risperidone does not increase serum clozapine concentration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Two case reports suggest that serum clozapine concentration may increase when risperidone is added to clozapine treatment. However, risperidone is not a significant inhibitor of the most important clozapine metabolising cytochrome P(450) (CYP) enzymes (e.g. CYP1A2).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study whether serum clozapine concentrations are affected by risperidone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intraindividual comparison of serum clozapine therapeutic drug monitoring data from 18 patients during and without risperidone use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Addition of risperidone (mean +/-SD dose 2.9+/-0.9 mg/day, range 2-4 mg/day) to clozapine treatment (mean clozapine dose 451+/-207 mg/day) did not result in any significant changes in serum clozapine concentration or clozapine concentration/dose (C/D) ratio relative to the values without risperidone (mean clozapine dose 437+/-168 mg/day). During risperidone use mean serum clozapine concentration was 3% (P=0.75) and C/D ratio 8% (P=0.46) lower than without concomitant risperidone. The mean ratio mu(test)/mu(reference) for clozapine C/D ratios was 0.99 (90% CI 0.82-1.15), confidence interval being within the equivalence interval of 0.80-1.25.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risperidone does not affect serum clozapine concentrations to any significant degree.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 4, FIN-00290 Helsinki, Finland. kari.raaska@hus.fi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Raaska
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Raitasuo
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Neuvonen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003024:Clozapine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018967:Risperidone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003024:Clozapine; D018967:Risperidone