title: Fructose-1,6-diphosphate alone and in combination with cyclosporine potentiates rat cardiac allograft survival and inhibits lymphocyte proliferation and interleukin-2 expression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fructose-1,6-diphosphate (FDP) reduces postischemic reperfusion injury and is used alone and in combination with cyclosporine A (CsA) as an immunosuppressant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar-Furth rat hearts were grafted to Lewis rats. Activated T-cell proliferation, viability, and interleukin-2 expression were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean survival in days were: saline 7.12+/-0.64, FDP 350 mg/kg perioperatively 13.5+/-1.4, FDP 350 mg/kg twice daily 11.4+/-0.75, CsA 2.5 mg/kg daily 12+/-0.81, CsA 5.0 mg/kg daily 12.4+/-0.81, CsA 2.5 mg/kg + FDP 350 mg/kg twice daily 17.6+/-0.4, and CsA 5 mg/kg + FDP 350 mg/kg twice daily 28.2+/-0.97. FDP maximally inhibits T-cell proliferation and concomitantly increases cell viability at 5,000 to 500 microg/mL, whereas CsA inhibits at 500 ng/mL. FDP completely inhibited interleukin-2 expression at 5,000 to 500 microg/mL, whereas CsA partially inhibited at 50 to 500 ng/mL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FDP + CsA prolongs cardiac survival and FDP inhibits T-cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
authors.forename: Angel K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Markov
authors.forename: Thomas S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Rayburn
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Talton
authors.forename: Donald E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Netherland
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Bobby
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Heath
authors.forename: Hari H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Cohly
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005635:Fructosediphosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D011920:Rats, Inbred WF; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D016042:Transplantation, Heterotopic
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D005635:Fructosediphosphates; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007376:Interleukin-2; D016572:Cyclosporine; C029063:fructose-1,6-diphosphate