title: [Prevalence of papillomavirus infection among patients with laryngeal papillomatosis and the effects of some risk factors on the persistence of papillomaviruses in the upper respiratory tract].
abstract: Infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses is a significant risk factor of various benign and malignant human lesions in the upper respiratory tract, skin and the genital tract. The identification of particular human papillomaviruses types is important for identifying patients with premalignant lesions who are at risk of progression to malignancy. Our aim was to establish the prevalence of human papillomaviruses infection in the upper respiratory tract of patients with laryngeal papillomatosis, to identify viral types, to evaluate the relationship between some risk factors and persistence of human papillomaviruses in the upper respiratory tract and to determine the pattern of human papillomaviruses infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The group of 36 patients with laryngeal papillomatosis and control group of 108 persons without any complains of respiratory system was examined. Epidemiologic characteristics and objective data were analyzed and routine laryngological examination was performed. Pharyngeal swabs of all persons and laryngeal biopsies of 17 patients were taken and analyzed for the presence of human papillomaviruses DNA. Viral typing using the polymerase chain reaction was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Human papillomaviruses DNA was detected in all except one case of laryngeal papillomatosis; then only 23.15% of persons without complaints of respiratory system were found human papillomaviruses positive. Human papillomaviruses 6, 11 types were predominant (in 88.9% of patients and 19.4% of persons from control group). High-risk human papillomaviruses were detected in 52.78% of laryngeal papillomatosis cases and in 9.26% of control cases. Risk factors were noted statistically significantly more often in human papillomaviruses positive cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of human papillomaviruses infection in the upper respiratory tract of patients with laryngeal papillomatosis is high; human papillomaviruses 6, 11 types are predominant. High-risk human papillomaviruses were noted statistically significantly more often in the group of patients with laryngeal papillomatosis. Inclination to diseases of respiratory system, dental caries, smoking, low living standard are statistically significantly related to human papillomaviruses persistence in the upper respiratory tract.
authors.affiliation: Kauno medicinos universiteto Infekciniu ligu klinika ir Ausu, nosies, gerkles ligu klinika, Eiveniu 2, 3007 Kaunas. velyv@takas.lt
authors.forename: Daiva
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Velyvyte
authors.forename: Alvydas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laiskonis
authors.forename: Virgilijus
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Uloza
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gozdzicka-Jozefiak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000821:virology; D010212:Papilloma / Q000150:complications*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D011336:Probability; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution