title: Grb10 inhibits insulin-stimulated insulin receptor substrate (IRS)-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt signaling pathway by disrupting the association of IRS-1/IRS-2 with the insulin receptor.
abstract: Grb10 has been proposed to inhibit or activate insulin signaling, depending on cellular context. We have investigated the mechanism by which full-length hGrb10gamma inhibits signaling through the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins. Overexpression of hGrb10gamma in CHO/IR cells and in differentiated adipocytes significantly reduced insulin-stimulated tyrosine phosphorylation of IRS-1 and IRS-2. Inhibition occurred rapidly and was sustained for 60 min during insulin stimulation. In agreement with inhibited signaling through the IRS/PI 3-kinase pathway, we found hGrb10gamma to both delay and reduce phosphorylation of Akt at Thr(308) and Ser(473) in response to insulin stimulation. Decreased phosphorylation of IRS-1/2 may arise from impaired catalytic activity of the receptor, since hGrb10gamma directly associates with the IR kinase regulatory loop. However, yeast tri-hybrid studies indicated that full-length Grb10 blocks association between IRS proteins and IR, and that this requires the SH2 domain of Grb10. In cells, hGrb10gamma inhibited insulin-stimulated IRS-1 tyrosine phosphorylation in a dose-dependent manner, but did not affect IR catalytic activity toward Tyr(972) in the juxtamembrane region and Tyr(1158/1162/1163) in the regulatory domain. We conclude that binding of hGrb10gamma to IR decreases signaling through the IRS/PI 3-kinase/AKT pathway by physically blocking IRS access to IR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78229, USA.
authors.forename: KeriLyn R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Wick
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Langlais
authors.forename: Fresnida J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Lily Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Shoelson
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D017931:DNA Primers; D051383:GRB10 Adaptor Protein; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology*; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051379:Mice; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011506:Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011972:Receptor, Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D051383:GRB10 Adaptor Protein; D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011972:Receptor, Insulin; C495959:Grb10 protein, mouse; C526292:IRS1 protein, human; C526297:IRS2 protein, human; C526295:Irs1 protein, mouse; C526298:Irs2 protein, mouse; C494918:AKT1 protein, human