title: [Postoperative spasm of mammary-coronary grafts and possibilities of its correction by dihydropyridine calcium antagonists nifedipine and amlodipine].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess efficacy of dihydropyridine calcium antagonists nifedipine and amlodipine for prevention of spasm of internal mammary artery after mammary-coronary bypass grafting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty eight men (age 56,5-/+7.2 years) subjected to mammary-coronary grafting were randomized to 3 groups. Patients of group 1 (n=35) received nifedipine (10 mg t.i.d.), patients of group 2 (n=30) received amlodipine (5 mg o.d.) and patients of group 3 (n=23) did not receive calcium antagonists. The following parameters were studied: mean linear and volume velocity of blood flow, graft lumen diameter, systolic-diastolic index. Dynamics of flow was assessed during 2 weeks after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In nifedipine treated patients blood flow through grafts to posterior interventricular, anterior interventricular, anterior interventricular and diagonal branches rose by 61.2, 37.4, and 102.9%, respectively. In amlodipine treated patients these figures were 103.4, 113.1 and 147.1%, respectively. Treatment with nifedipine was associated with decrease of graft systolic-diastolic index by 20.2, 20.7, 19.9%, respectively, treatment with amlodipine--by 27.3, 20.6, 32.9%, respectively. Lumen diameter of grafts to posterior interventricular, anterior interventricular, anterior interventricular and diagonal branches in nifedipine treated patients increased by 9.5, 17.6, and 7.7%, respectively, in amlodipine treated patients--by 20, 22.7, and 25.9%, respectively. Moreover amlodipine was better tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The first dose of nifedipine and amlodipine increased diameter of mammary-coronary grafts and blood flow through them. Augmentation of these effects which occurred during further use of nifedipine and amlodipine for 2 weeks was milder and more gradual in amlodipine treated patients.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Tepliakov
authors.forename: Iu Iu
authors.initials: IuIu
authors.lastname: Vecherskiĭ
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Mamchur
authors.forename: G K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Dzhavadova
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Nemik
mesh_terms: D017311:Amlodipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003971:Diastole / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007387:Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D017311:Amlodipine; D009543:Nifedipine