title: Essential role of caveolae in interleukin-6- and insulin-like growth factor I-triggered Akt-1-mediated survival of multiple myeloma cells.
abstract: Caveolae, specialized flask-shaped lipid rafts on the cell surface, are composed of cholesterol, sphingolipids, and structural proteins termed caveolins; functionally, these plasma membrane microdomains have been implicated in signal transduction and transmembrane transport. In the present study, we examined the role of caveolin-1 in multiple myeloma cells. We show for the first time that caveolin-1, which is usually absent in blood cells, is expressed in multiple myeloma cells. Analysis of myeloma cell-derived plasma membrane fractions shows that caveolin-1 is co-localized with interleukin-6 receptor signal transducing chain gp130 and with insulin-like growth factor-I receptor. Cholesterol depletion by beta-cyclodextrin results in the loss of caveola structure in myeloma cells, as shown by transmission electron microscopy, and loss of caveolin-1 function. Interleukin-6 and insulin-like growth factor-I, growth and survival factors in multiple myeloma, induce caveolin-1 phosphorylation, which is abrogated by pre-treatment with beta-cyclodextrin. Importantly, inhibition of caveolin-1 phosphorylation blocks both interleukin-6-induced protein complex formation with caveolin-1 and downstream activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-1 pathway. beta-Cyclodextrin also blocks insulin-like growth factor-I-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of insulin-responsive substrate-1 and downstream activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt-1 pathway. Therefore, cholesterol depletion by beta-cyclodextrin abrogates both interleukin-6- and insulin-like growth factor-I-triggered multiple myeloma cell survival via negative regulation of caveolin-1. Taken together, this study identifies caveolin-1 and other structural membrane components as potential new therapeutic targets in multiple myeloma.
authors.affiliation: Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Podar
authors.forename: Yu-Tzu
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Craig E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Teru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hideshima
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sattler
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamblin
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mitsiades
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Schlossman
authors.forename: Faith E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Gareth J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Nikhil C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Munshi
authors.forename: Dharminder
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: Kenneth C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D021941:Caveolae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000473:pathology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D002784:Cholesterol; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt