title: Current status of pathogenetic mechanisms in staphylococcal arthritis.
abstract: Interactions between staphylococci and the joint tissues of the host lead typically to rapidly progressing and highly destructive processes. Staphylococci possess a vast arsenal of components and products that contribute to the pathogenesis of joint infection. Occasionally these compounds have overlapping activities and act either in concert or alone. Host responsiveness to staphylococcal infection displays an even more complex pattern. Most of the cells and molecules that participate in the innate immune system protect the host against bacteria. However, the staphylococci have developed systems that counteract endogenous protective mechanisms. Interestingly, certain cells and molecules of the acquired immune system potentiate the severity of infection by triggering exaggerated responses to the staphylococcal danger signals. This review deals with the intricate host-bacterium interactions that occur during experimental septic arthritis, and outlines potential preventive and treatment modalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, University of Göteborg, Guldhedsgatan 10, 413 46 Göteborg, Sweden. andrej.tarkowski@microbio.gu.se
authors.forename: Andrej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tarkowski
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bokarewa
authors.forename: L Vincent
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gjertsson
authors.forename: Olof H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Hultgren
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Ing-Marie
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.forename: Elisabet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Josefsson
authors.forename: Egidija
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sakiniene
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verdrengh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D007110:Immunity, Active; D007596:Joints / Q000382:microbiology; D051379:Mice; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D037521:Virulence Factors