title: Simple method for the determination of trace levels of pesticides in honeybees using matrix solid-phase dispersion and gas chromatography.
abstract: A simple multiresidue method for the determination of insecticides in honeybees is described. The developed method is based on the matrix solid-phase dispersion technique. A total number of 12 insecticides (azinfos-methyl, buprofezin, chlorpyriphos, chlorpyriphos-methyl, diazinon, ethion, fenitrothion, fipronil, methidathion, phosalone, pirimicarb, propoxur) used on flowering fields are determined by this method. The method uses Florisil and silica as dispersing agents, alumina and silica as cleanup adsorbents and a low polarity solvent system to elute pesticide residues from the honeybee samples. The insecticides were quantified using capillary gas chromatography with a nitrogen-phosphorus detector. The method has shown good recovery (70-110%) for various levels of spiked samples (0.01-1.0 mg/kg). The relative standard deviations were in the range of 2-8% for all pesticides studied. The limits of detection were in the range of 0.005-0.05 mg/kg. The procedure can be applied for the determination of residues of low-polarity and medium polarity pesticides in honeybee samples.
authors.affiliation: Plant Protection Institute in Poznan, Experimental Field Station in Bialystok, ul. Chelmonskiego 22, 15-195 Bialystok, Poland. b.morzycka@ior.poznan.pl
authors.forename: Bozena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morzycka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D010573:Pesticide Residues