title: Development of broad-range polymerase chain reaction (PCR) bacterial identification in diagnosis of infective endocarditis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study aim was to identify the value of broad-range bacterial PCR in infective endocarditis (IE) of bacterial etiology, and to determine its specificity and sensitivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty blood samples were taken for analysis from patients with IE (diagnosed according to Duke criteria) and acquired valvular heart disease. Two control groups of patients with (n = 10) or without (n = 15) urinary tract infection were defined. DNA was isolated, and three different primer pairs for the region of the gene coding for 16S rRNA were tested, to determine the most specific pair. Amplification products were analyzed with gel electrophoresis, stained with ethidium bromide, and located under UV light.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive blood cultures were found in 25 patients with IE. A typical echocardiography picture with bacterial vegetations was found in all patients with sterile blood cultures, and in 20 patients with positive blood cultures. The highest specificity was found for forward/reverse (F/R) primers, as the relevant amplified PCR product was present in all blood samples with IE, and in four of 10 patients with urinary tract infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Broad-range PCR in bacterial endocarditis is a rapid, sensitive and inexpensive technique for the detection of bacteria, but is far more prone to contamination than species-specific PCR. However, under controlled conditions, broad-range PCR may be valuable for the identification of non-specific infection, permitting a more rapid clinical diagnosis of endocarditis.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hryniewiecki
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gzyl
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Augustynowicz
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rawczynska-Englert
mesh_terms: D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004452:Echocardiography; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000235:genetics; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D011044:Poland; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000235:genetics; D020615:Stenotrophomonas maltophilia / Q000235:genetics; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D034363:Viridans Streptococci / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; C039919:RNA, recombinant; D012313:RNA