title: Pathogenesis and diagnostic pitfalls of ventricular diverticula: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ventricular diverticula are local herniations of the ventricular system occurring in association with severe, long-standing hydrocephalus. Variability in the extent and location of these ventricular pouches may produce misleading radiological conformations and raise diagnostic challenges. In this report, we discuss the pathogenesis and differential diagnosis of ventricular diverticula on the basis of a case illustration.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the case of a 38-year-old woman presenting with hydrocephalus secondary to an obstructive lesion of the third ventricle. A large, dilated structure compressing the brainstem was present in the posterior fossa.
  
  
  METHODS
  The posterior fossa lesion was identified as an atrial diverticulum by injection of contrast medium into the right lateral ventricle, which led to immediate enhancement of the infratentorial cavity. Ventricular drainage and removal of the third ventricular lesion, a colloid cyst, allowed progressive collapse of the diverticulum and symptom resolution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report discusses the pathogenesis of ventricular diverticula and demonstrates that ventriculography can be used to differentiate atrial diverticula from other posterior fossa lesions when time-consuming multiplanar magnetic resonance imaging cannot be afforded on an emergency basis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jabaudon
authors.forename: Dhany
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Charest
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Porchet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020863:Central Nervous System Cysts / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003399:Craniotomy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004240:Diverticulum / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D020542:Third Ventricle / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014696:Ventriculostomy