title: Conjugated linoleic acid biosynthesis by human-derived Bifidobacterium species.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess strains of Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Pediococcus and Bifidobacterium for their ability to produce the health-promoting fatty acid conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) from free linoleic acid.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, strains of Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, Pediococcus and Bifidobacterium were grown in medium containing free linoleic acid. Growth of the bacteria in linoleic acid and conversion of the linoleic acid to CLA was assessed. Of the bacteria assessed, nine strains of Bifidobacterium produced the c9, t11 CLA isomer from free linoleic acid. The t9, t11 CLA isomer was also produced by some strains, but at much lower concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The production of CLA by bifidobacteria exhibited considerable interspecies variation. Bifidobacterium breve and B. dentium were the most efficient CLA producers among the range of strains tested, with B. breve converting up to 65% linoleic acid to c9, t11 CLA when grown in 0.55 mg ml(-1) linoleic acid. Strains also varied considerably with respect to their sensitivity to linoleic acid.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The production of CLA by probiotic bifidobacteria offers a possible mechanism for some health-enhancing properties of bifidobacteria and provides novel opportunities for the development of functional foods.
authors.affiliation: Teagasc, Dairy Products Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Co Cork, Ireland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coakley
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nordgren
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Devery
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stanton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003470:Culture Media; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D007536:Isomerism; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000378:metabolism; D017045:Lactococcus / Q000378:metabolism; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010376:Pediococcus / Q000378:metabolism; D019936:Probiotics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D005227:Fatty Acids; D019787:Linoleic Acid