title: Gender differences in HLA phenotype frequencies found in German patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis and chronic periodontitis.
abstract: HLA antigens have been considered as risk factors for periodontitis. Differences in prevalence and in the extent of attachment loss between males and females have suggested that gender-dependent HLA deviations could play a role in individual predisposition to periodontitis. The aim of the present study was therefore to investigate the incidence of gender-dependent HLA associations in 50 patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (AP) and 102 patients with chronic periodontitis (CP) in comparison to 102 probands without any attachment loss caused by periodontitis. HLA typing was carried out using a microlymphocytotoxic test and a polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific primers (PCR-SSP). Female AP patients showed an increase in the frequency of HLA-A*68/69 and a decrease in the frequency of DRBblank* (non-DRB3/4/5*) and DQB1*05-positive probands. Only in female CP patients was HLA-DQB1*0303 absent, whereas HLA-DQB1*06 homozygosity increased significantly. With regard to the (AP + CP) periodontitis group as a whole, the increased frequency of HLA-DQB1*06 homozygosity in females was similar to the findings obtained in the AP group. Evidently, gender is a confounding variable, which should be considered in further studies of HLA and periodontitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University School of Dental Medicine, Institute of Medical Immunology, Martin-Luther-University, Halle, Salle, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reichert
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gautsch
authors.forename: H-G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Schaller
authors.forename: H K G
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Machulla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005858:Germany; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D015234:HLA-A Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D015234:HLA-A Antigens; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C057615:HLA-DQbeta antigen; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains