title: Differential toxicity of nitric oxide, aluminum, and amyloid beta-peptide in SN56 cholinergic cells from mouse septum.
abstract: A characteristic feature of several encephalopathies is preferential impairment of cholinergic neurons. Their particular susceptibility to cytotoxic insults may result from the fact that they utilise acetyl-CoA both for energy production and acetylcholine synthesis. In addition, phenotypic modifications of cholinergic neurons are likely to influence their susceptibility to specific harmful conditions. SN56 cholinergic cells were differentiated by the combination of dibutyryl cAMP and retinoic acid. Al and sodium nitroprusside (SNP, NO donor) exerted direct additive inhibitory effects on mitochondrial aconitase activity. However, NO, Al, or amyloid beta (Abeta)(25-35) caused none or only slight changes of choline O-acetyl transferase (ChAT) and pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity and relatively small loss of non-differentiated cells (NCs). On the other hand, in differentiated cells (DCs) these neurotoxins brought about marked decreases of these enzyme activities along with greater than in non-differentiated ones increase of cell-death rate. Abeta(35-25) had no effect on these cell parameters. NO and other compounds aggravated detrimental effect of each other particularly in differentiated cells. Thus, differential vulnerability of brain cholinergic neurons to various degenerative signals may result from their phenotype-dependent ratios of acetylcholine to acetyl-CoA synthesising capacities.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Biochemistry, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Gdañsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bielarczyk
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jankowska
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Madziar
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matecki
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michno
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szutowicz
mesh_terms: D000154:Aconitate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D020665:Septum of Brain / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D011768:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000535:Aluminum; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D000154:Aconitate Hydratase; D002118:Calcium