title: Modulation of the expression of tissue plasminogen activator and its inhibitor by hypoxia in human peritoneal and adhesion fibroblasts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether normal peritoneal and adhesion fibroblasts express tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-I) and whether their expression is regulated by oxygen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cultures of human fibroblasts established from peritoneal and adhesion tissues. Hypoxia treatment of the primary cultured fibroblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have used the multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique to determine the effect of hypoxia on the expression of tPA and PAI-I in normal peritoneal (NPF) and adhesion (ADF) fibroblasts. Cultures of NPF and ADF were exposed to hypoxia (2% O(2)) for 24 hours. RNA was extracted from cells and subjected to multiplex RT-PCR to quantitate relative changes in mRNA levels of tPA and PAI-I in response to hypoxia treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Basal tPA mRNA levels are present in both NPF and ADF and were 45% higher in NPF than ADF. Hypoxia decreased tPA in both NPF and ADF by 74% and 95%, respectively. Basal PAI-I mRNA levels were 64% higher in ADF than in NPF. Hypoxia increased PAI-I mRNA levels by 67% and 53% in NPF and ADF, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasminogen activator activity (PAA) of the peritoneum does not solely reside in the mesothelial cells, as previously identified, but also exists within fibroblasts, thus providing the potential to resolve postoperative fibrinous collections even at sites at which the mesothelial cells have been injured, removed, or destroyed. Furthermore, PAA in fibroblasts is regulated by oxygen; creation of a hypoxic state markedly attenuates PAA, thereby leading to adhesion development.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and the C. S. Mott Center for Human Growth and Development, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA. g.saed@wayne.edu
authors.forename: Ghassan M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Saed
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Diamond
mesh_terms: D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000378:metabolism*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000378:metabolism*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator