title: Preliminary report on nitric oxide-mediated oxidative damage in adolescent varicocele.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The current study was designed to characterize the process of nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite generation through the determination of nitrotyrosine concentration in the dilated veins of varicoceles in adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten adolescents with a median age of 13 years (range 12-17) affected by a left idiopathic varicocele (grade II and III) were studied. Whole blood samples were withdrawn from a peripheral vein at time of induction of anaesthesia, and from a dilated spermatic vein before ligation. Peripheral blood samples from five adolescents undergoing minor surgical procedures were used as controls. The nitrotyrosine concentration was evaluated by a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using a monoclonal anti-nitrotyrosine antibody and Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma nitrotyrosine concentrations were significantly greater in the spermatic vein when compared with the peripheral vein (P = 0.031). Nitrotyrosine in plasma of controls did not show any significant difference in comparison with peripheral samples from varicocele patients. Western blot analysis confirmed the above data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In adolescents with a varicocele, there is an increase in nitrotyrosine concentration within the spermatic vein that can cause protein nitration and cytotoxicity via its reaction with various molecular targets. This could have repercussions on both sperm and testis function. We conclude that an oxidative stress status is present and should be considered as an indication for varicocele treatment in the adolescent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Pediatric Sciences, University of Messina, Italy. romeoc@unime.it
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Romeo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ientile
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Impellizzeri
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Turiaco
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teletta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Antonuccio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Basile
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gentile
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013737:Testis / Q000098:blood supply; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D014646:Varicocele / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D014680:Veins
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine