title: Choline ingestion does not modify physical or cognitive performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to determine whether choline ingestion improves physical and cognitive performance following exhaustive load carriage exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a double-blind crossover study, 13 men (28 +/- 2 years) underwent four test sessions: load carriage treadmill and no-load carriage test sessions after taking choline or placebo. Physical and cognitive performance batteries were administered at the end of the test sessions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Choline ingestion (50 mg/kg body weight) significantly (p < 0.05) increased plasma choline concentrations during the load and no-load carriage test sessions. However, plasma choline did not decrease during the placebo load carriage test session, an indication that load carriage does not deplete circulating choline. There were no differences in performance on physical tasks, and choline ingestion had no effect on reaction time, logical reasoning, vigilance, spatial memory, or working memory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In healthy men, supplemental choline did not affect physical or cognitive performance after exhaustive physical activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Military and Emergency Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814-4799, USA.
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Deuster
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coll
authors.forename: Dale E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hyde
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002794:Choline / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
chemical_list: D002794:Choline