title: Development of an instrument to measure nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.
abstract: Severity of nausea, retching and vomiting was determined using a newly developed nausea and vomiting in pregnancy instrument (NVPI) in two groups of pregnant women at two gestational time periods. Participants at Time 1 (approximately gestational week 9), completed a postal questionnaire (N = 643) and those at Time 2 (approximately 13 weeks) completed the instrument at the clinic (N = 284). The three scale items forming the instrument had acceptable internal reliability (Time 1 alpha = 0.76; Time 2 alpha = 0.82). It was noted that approximately 60% of women did not vomit, approximately 30% experienced no retching, but 30-40% experienced nausea either all the time or more than once a day. The instrument may prove to be useful as a research tool to study nausea and vomiting in pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Lincoln, UK. bswallow@lincoln.ac.uk
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Swallow
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lindow
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Masson
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hay
mesh_terms: D003938:Diagnostic Techniques, Digestive System / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D009325:Nausea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014839:Vomiting / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology