title: Research support infrastructure and productivity in U.S. family practice residency programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the associations between 11 research support infrastructural characteristics and measures of research productivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was mailed to 462 directors of non-military family practice residency programs in the United States. A total of 11 research support infrastructural characteristics and six research productivity measures were coded. Initial analyses indicated a skewness in responses given by larger versus smaller programs. Respondents were divided into those from programs with eight or fewer full-time faculty and those from programs with nine or more. Separate analyses were run for each. Logistic regression was employed to determine which research support characteristics would best predict productivity in the top quartile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 461 recipients of deliverable questionnaires, 351 (76.1%) responded. A large proportion of programs reported no research productivity for the preceding 12 months. Separate stepwise logistic regression analyses were run for small and large programs; the ability of the 11 characteristics to predict research-productive programs varied with size. Employment of full-time research professionals was the only characteristic positively associated with research productivity for both groups. For small programs, research productivity was positively associated with the requirement of faculty members to do research. For large programs, it was positively associated with both the presence of fellowship programs and the presence of a specific, written research strategic plan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated a positive association between several elements of research infrastructure and research productivity but that such infrastructure is inconsistent across programs and seemingly insufficient to develop the necessary research culture and socialization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, and director of the SIU Quincy Family Practice Residency Program, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois 62301, USA. jkruse@siumed.edu
authors.forename: Jerry E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kruse
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Wesley
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Markwell
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005194:Family Practice / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D016015:Logistic Models; D012109:Research Support as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States