title: A polysaccharide, extract from Grifola frondosa, induces Th-1 dominant responses in carcinoma-bearing BALB/c mice.
abstract: A polysaccharide, designated as the D-fraction, extracted from maitake (Grifola frondosa), was reported to have anti-tumor effects by activating macrophages and T cells in C3H/HeN mice in which a Th-1 dominant response was established. In this study using BALB/c mice in which a Th-2 response is genetically dominant, D-fraction reduced the expression of Th-2 cytokine interleukin (IL)-4 but markedly increased the expression of Th-1 cytokine interferon (IFN)-gamma in CD4(+) T cells and also increased IL-12p70 production as well as IFN-gamma production by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), suggesting that D-fraction promotes the differentiation into Th-1 cells of CD4(+) T cells through enhancement of IL-12p70 production by APCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbial Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, Japan. n-kodama@kobepharma-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Nachi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nanba
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides