title: Sr2+ binding to the Ca2+ binding site of the synaptotagmin 1 C2B domain triggers fast exocytosis without stimulating SNARE interactions.
abstract: Sr(2+) triggers neurotransmitter release similar to Ca(2+), but less efficiently. We now show that in synaptotagmin 1 knockout mice, the fast component of both Ca(2+)- and Sr(2+)-induced release is selectively impaired, suggesting that both cations partly act by binding to synaptotagmin 1. Both the C(2)A and the C(2)B domain of synaptotagmin 1 bind Ca(2+) in phospholipid complexes, but only the C(2)B domain forms Sr(2+)/phospholipid complexes; therefore, Sr(2+) binding to the C(2)B domain is sufficient to trigger fast release, although with decreased efficacy. Ca(2+) induces binding of the synaptotagmin C(2) domains to SNARE proteins, whereas Sr(2+) even at high concentrations does not. Thus, triggering of the fast component of release by Sr(2+) as a Ca(2+) agonist involves the formation of synaptotagmin/phospholipid complexes, but does not require stimulated SNARE binding.
authors.affiliation: Center for Basic Neuroscience, Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Ok-Ho
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jeong-Seop
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Jiong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Shuzo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosenmund
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Südhof
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001464:Barium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D050600:SNARE Proteins; D013324:Strontium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013570:Synaptic Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D050863:Synaptotagmin I; D050857:Synaptotagmins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002614:Chelating Agents; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010743:Phospholipids; D050600:SNARE Proteins; D050863:Synaptotagmin I; C494311:Syt1 protein, mouse; C494312:Syt1 protein, rat; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D050857:Synaptotagmins; D001464:Barium; D002118:Calcium; D013324:Strontium