title: Simple liquid chromatographic method for the determination of physostigmine and its metabolite eseroline in rat plasma: application to a pharmacokinetic study.
abstract: Physostigmine, an anticholinergic drug, and its metabolite eseroline can be quantitated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with photodiode-array detection. After addition of the structurally related internal standard (-)-N-methylphysostigmine, rat plasma samples were extracted and cleaned using a Varian Bond Elut C(18) column. The methanol-ammonia (98:2) eluate was evaporated to dryness and reconstituted with 0.01 M sodium dihydrogenphosphate (pH 3). Physostigmine and eseroline were separated on an Alltech Ultrasphere Silica column (250x4.6 mm I.D.; particle size 5 micrometer) at a flow-rate of 1 ml/min, with a mobile phase of 0.01 M sodium dihydrogenphosphate (pH 3)-acetonitrile (85:15). The limits of detection were 10 and 25 ng/ml for physostigmine and eseroline, respectively; the signal-to-noise ratio for this concentration was approximately 3:1. Spiked rat plasma containing 0.1-2.5 microgram/ml of physostigmine and eseroline gives good linearity. The average percentage recovery from five spiked plasma samples was 88.0+/-2.9 and 61.1+/-5.6% for physostigmine and eseroline, respectively. Within the concentration range 0.1-2.5 microgram/ml, the within-day precision was 1.9-8.3 and 3.0-7.7% for physostigmine and eseroline, respectively, and the between-day precision was 4.1-9.3 and 3.7-11% for physostigmine and eseroline, respectively. The method is rapid, simple and reliable, thus it is suitable for pharmacokinetic studies in the rat.
authors.affiliation: Defence Medical Research Institute, Defence Science and Technology Agency, 18 Medical Drive, MD2, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Shabbir M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Moochhala
authors.forename: Cheng Shu
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chaw
authors.forename: Yi Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D007211:Indoles / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D010830:Physostigmine; C022594:eseroline