title: Serum levels of non-carboxymethyllysine advanced glycation endproducts are correlated to severity of microvascular complications in patients with Type 1 diabetes.
abstract: We investigated whether serum levels of N-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), non-CML advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs), or pentosidine are associated with severity of diabetic microvascular complications in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Serum levels of CML, non-CML AGE, and pentosidine were measured by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 38 males and 47 females aged 31+/-8 years (mean+/-S.D.) with Type 1 diabetes for 18.7+/-7.0 years. There was a significant correlation between serum levels of CML or non-CML AGE and current HbA(1c) level (P<.01 and P<.05, respectively). The serum levels of non-CML AGE, but not CML or pentosidine, were significantly increased as normal renal status advanced to microalbuminuria, clinical nephropathy, and hemodialysis (P<.0001) and were positively correlated with urinary albumin excretion (UAE) in patients with Type 1 diabetes (P<.0001). A significant elevation of serum non-CML AGE was found in association with the severity of diabetic retinopathy (P<.0001). We found in the present study that CML levels were also increased in the stage of simple retinopathy, the early stage of clinically evident retinopathy (P<.05). Serum levels of non-CML AGE were significantly associated with the severity of diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy, suggesting a role of non-CML AGE in the progression of microvascular complications in patients with Type 1 diabetes. Since serum levels of CML were significantly increased in patients with simple retinopathy, CML may participate in the initiation of diabetic retinopathy.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1, Kawada-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Japan. jmiurara@dmc.twmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Junnosuke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Sho ichi
authors.initials: Si
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchigata
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Zenji
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Makita
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D001794:Blood Pressure; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000097:blood; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D001120:Arginine; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D008239:Lysine; C048496:N(6)-carboxymethyllysine; C062187:pentosidine