title: The influence of orthodontics on selection and breakage underlying food comminution in pre-orthognathic surgery patients.
abstract: Comminution of food is the composite result of selection and breakage. Selection is characterized by the chance that a food particle will at least be damaged by the teeth during a chew. For any particle size, this chance equals the ratio between the weight of damaged and broken particles and that of all initial particles. The breakage process refers to fracturing of selected particles. Since orthodontic treatment applied to patients before orthognathic surgery has an effect on the position and orientation of teeth, it may alter chewing efficiency by influencing selection and/or breakage. The effect of such orthodontic treatment on chewing efficiency was examined using eight cubes of 8.0 mm of a silicone-rubber (Optosil) as a test food for determining the number of chews required to halve the initial particle size (N(1/2)) in 12 patients. Three particle sizes (2.4, 4.8 and 8.0 mm) were used for determining selection and breakage in one-chew experiments. Orthodontic treatment had no effect on the chewing efficiency and the selection chances of all particle sizes whereas the degree of breakage was significantly (P<0.05) increased only for a particle size of 8.0 mm. These findings suggest that presurgical orthodontics has only a minor effect on food comminution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral-Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics and Special Dental Care, University Medical Centre Utrecht, P.O. Box 85060, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van den Braber
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: van der Glas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van der Bilt
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bosman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001732:Bite Force; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology*; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D010316:Particle Size; D012826:Silicone Elastomers / Q000737:chemistry; D012828:Silicones / Q000737:chemistry; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014070:Tooth / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014159:Transducers
chemical_list: D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D012828:Silicones; C031243:OV-225