title: National survey of job satisfaction and retirement intentions among general practitioners in England.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure general practitioners' intentions to quit direct patient care, to assess changes between 1998 and 2000, and to investigate associated factors, notably job satisfaction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of national postal surveys conducted in 1998 and 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  England.
  
  
  METHODS
  1949 general practitioner principals, of whom 790 were surveyed in 1998 and 1159 in 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  Overall job satisfaction and likelihood of leaving direct patient care in the next five years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportion of doctors intending to quit direct patient care in the next five years rose from 14% in 1998 to 22% in 2001. In both years, the main factors associated with an increased likelihood of quitting were older age and ethnic minority status. Higher job satisfaction and having children younger than 18 years were associated with a reduced likelihood of quitting. There were no significant differences in regression coefficients between 1998 and 2001, suggesting that the effect of factors influencing intentions to quit remained stable over time. The rise in intentions to quit was due mainly to a reduction in job satisfaction (1998 mean 4.64, 2001 mean 3.96) together with a slight increase in the proportion of doctors from ethnic minorities and in the mean age of doctors. Doctors' personal and practice characteristics explained little of the variation in job satisfaction within or between years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Job satisfaction is an important factor underlying intention to quit, and attention to this aspect of doctors' working lives may help to increase the supply of general practitioners.
authors.affiliation: National Primary Care Research and Development Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL. Bonnie.Sibbald@man.ac.uk
authors.forename: Bonnie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sibbald
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bojke
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gravelle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003625:Data Collection; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008913:Minority Groups; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000523:psychology*; D012179:Retirement; D012423:Rural Health; D014504:Urban Health