title: New-onset fecal incontinence after stroke: prevalence, natural history, risk factors, and impact.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fecal incontinence (FI) is a common complication after stroke, yet epidemiological research into this distressing condition is limited. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence, natural history, associations, and impact of new-onset FI after stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Stroke patients in the community-based South London Stroke Register (January 1995 to 2000) without preexisting FI were characterized regarding bowel continence at 7 to 10 days, 3 months, and 1 and 3 years after stroke. FI was defined as any degree of bowel leakage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of poststroke FI was 30% (7 to 10 days), 11% (3 months), 11% (1 year), and 15% (3 years). One third of patients with FI at 3 months were continent by 1 year; conversely, 63% incontinent at 1 year had been continent at 3 months. Characteristics of 91 patients with FI and 755 without FI at 3 months were compared using multiple logistic regression. Acute stroke associations of neglect (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0 to 3.5) and initial urinary incontinence (OR, 6.2; 95% CI, 3.2 to 11.9) were no longer significant after adjustment for clinical factors at 3 months. Final independent associations were anticholinergic drug use (OR, 3.1; 95% CI, 1.1 to 10.2) and needing help with toilet use (OR, 3.5; 95% CI, 1.4 to 17.3). FI at 3 months increased the risk of long-term placement (28% vs 6%) and death within 1 year (20% vs 8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New-onset FI in stroke survivors is common but may be transient. Modifiable risk factors for FI 3 months after stroke are constipating drug use and difficulty with toilet access, raising implications for developing treatment and prevention strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Healthcare of the Elderly, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospitals Trust, London, UK. danielle.harari@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harari
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Coshall
authors.forename: Anthony G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Rudd
authors.forename: Charles D A
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Wolfe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications*; D017741:Survivors