title: Development of a testing strategy for detecting embryotoxic hazards of chemicals in vitro by using embryonic stem cell models.
abstract: The importance of developing in vitro tests for embryotoxicity is discussed, and ECVAM's work with its collaborators is summarised. Studies are in progress to find new endpoints for use in the scientifically validated embryonic stem (ES) cell test, so that the potential for chemical effects on endodermal, mesodermal and/or ectodermal differentiation can be identified. This involves, inter alia, the use of genetically modified ES cells.
authors.affiliation: ECVAM, Institute for Health and Consumer Protection, European Commission Joint Research Centre, 21020 Ispra (VA), Italy.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bremer
authors.forename: Cristian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pellizzer
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paparella
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Lange
mesh_terms: D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005062:European Union; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D015262:Xenobiotics