title: Photoreceptor synaptic protein HRG4 (UNC119) interacts with ARL2 via a putative conserved domain.
abstract: Human retinal gene 4 (HRG4) (UNC119) is a photoreceptor synaptic protein of unknown function, shown when mutated to cause retinal degeneration in a patient and in a confirmatory transgenic model. ADP-ribosylation factor-like protein 2 (ARL2) was identified as an interactor of HRG4 by the yeast two-hybrid strategy. The presence of ARL2 in the retina and co-localization with HRG4 was confirmed by Western blot and double immunofluorescence analysis, respectively. The interaction of ARL2 with HRG4 was further confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and direct binding analysis. Phosphodiesterase delta (PDEdelta) is an ARL2-binding protein homologous to HRG4. Amino acid residues of PDEdelta involved in binding ARL2 and forming a hydrophobic pocket were shown to be highly conserved in HRG4, suggesting similarity in binding mechanism and function.
authors.affiliation: Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1638 N.W. 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Margaret J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: McLaren
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Inana
mesh_terms: D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000378:metabolism; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D054707:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 6; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D032801:Iridectomy; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010786:Photoreceptor Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D005136:Eye Proteins; C098032:UNC119 protein, human; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D054707:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 6; C517431:PDE6B protein, human; C517438:Pde6b protein, mouse; C410130:ARL2 protein, human; C485819:Arl2 protein, mouse; C485820:Arl2 protein, rat; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins