title: Dysfunction of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I in human failing myocardium is not due to disturbed mitochondrial gene expression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes with and without mitochondrially encoded subunits was assessed in failing human myocardium together with parameters of mitochondrial gene expression.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Mutations and deletions in mitochondrial genome (mtDNA) sporadically accumulate in the aging myocardium. In experimental heart failure, they are discussed to be a generalized problem resulting in disturbances of mitochondrial gene expression and mitochondrial function.
  
  
  METHODS
  In left ventricular specimens from 43 explanted failing hearts and 10 donor hearts, enzyme activities of respiratory chain complexes, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) expression of mitochondrially and nuclear encoded mitochondrial components (reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction, Northern blot), undeleted wildtype mtDNA (Southern blot), and nuclear encoded mitochondrial transcription factor A (mtTFA) (Western blot) were quantified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Citrate synthase normalized activity of mitochondrial respiratory chain complex I, which contains seven mitochondrially encoded subunits, was decreased by 28% in terminally failing myocardium, whereas the activity of the exclusively nuclear encoded complex II was unchanged. However, the amount of intact mtDNA, the mRNA of all mitochondrially encoded subunits of the entire respiratory chain, the amount of mtTFA, and the enzymatic activity of complex III and complex IV, which also contain mitochondrially encoded subunits, were normal compared with donor hearts, excluding generalized disturbance of mitochondrial gene expression. Retrospective analysis of drug therapy before transplantation identified beta-blockers as one putative protection against this disturbance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In terminally failing human myocardium of patients receiving drug therapy, complex I depression is not caused by mtDNA damage and disturbed mitochondrial gene expression. The absence of mtDNA damage should facilitate recovery of the overloaded myocardium, if effective unloading could be achieved.
authors.affiliation: Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Halle/Saale, Germany. robert.scheubel@medizin.uni-halle.de
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Scheubel
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tostlebe
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simm
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rohrbach
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prondzinsky
authors.forename: Frank N
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Gellerich
authors.forename: Rolf Edgar
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Silber
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Holtz
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone)