Hepatic manifestations of pulmonary diseases.
Pulmonary complications from chronic liver disease are well known and include hepatopulmonary syndrome, hepatic hydrothorax, and pulmonary hypertension. This article reviews the hepatic complications of diseases that are primarily pulmonary diseases. The authors focus on alpha 1 antitrypsin deficiency, an autosomal recessive metabolic disorder that can affect the lungs, liver, kidneys, and pancreas; sarcoidosis, a systemic disease of unknown origin that can affect multiple organs; and cystic fibrosis, an autosomal recessive disease that affects the lungs, exocrine pancreas, liver, and intestines.
Layden
Thomas J
TJ
Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, 840 South Wood Street, 145 CSN (M/C 787), Chicago, IL 60612, USA. Tjlayden@uic.edu
Kulik
Laura
L
D000818:Animals; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000150:complications*; D019896:alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency / Q000150:complications*