title: An intervention study to enhance postoperative pain management.
abstract: This study, conducted before and after the implementation of an acute pain service (APS) in a 1000-bed hospital, describes the process of the implementation of an APS. The nursing, anesthesia, and surgery departments were involved. In this study we sought to evaluate the results of a continuous quality improvement program by defining quality indicators and using quality tools. A quality program in accordance with current standards of acute pain treatment (multimodal) was worked out to enhance pain relief for all surgical inpatients. A survey of nurses' knowledge with regard to postoperative pain was conducted, and a visual analog scale (VAS) was introduced to assess pain intensity. Both nurses and physicians became familiar with evidence-based guidelines concerning postoperative pain. The entire process was monitored in three consecutive surveys and enrolled 2383 surgical inpatients. Pain indicators based on VAS and analgesic consumption were recorded during the first 72 postoperative hours. After a baseline survey about current practices of pain treatment, a nurse-based, anesthesiologist-supervised APS was implemented. The improvement in pain relief, expressed as VAS scores, was assessed in two further surveys. A quality manual was written and implemented. A major improvement in pain scores was observed after the APS inception (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The implementation of an acute pain service, including pain assessment by a visual analog scale, standard multimodal pain treatment, and continuous quality evaluation, improved postoperative pain relief. Establishing teams of surgeons, anesthesiologists, and nurses is the prerequisite for this improvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University Hospital Center of Charleroi, Belgium. francoise.bardiau@chu-charleroi.be
authors.forename: Françoise M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Bardiau
authors.forename: Nicole F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Taviaux
authors.forename: Adelin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Albert
authors.forename: Jean G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Boogaerts
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stadler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004506:Education, Nursing; D005260:Female; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006748:Hospital Departments / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006769:Hospitals, General; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018710:Pain Clinics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000451:nursing; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017749:Total Quality Management; D000078329:Workforce
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics