title: Comparative response of whitening strips to a low peroxide and potassium nitrate bleaching gel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical response of a low peroxide concentration bleaching system with a desensitizing agent relative to a marketed control.
  
  
  METHODS
  After balancing for baseline color and age, 34 healthy adult volunteers were randomized to one of two marketed bleaching systems, 5% carbamide peroxide bleaching gel + potassium nitrate in a custom tray (Colgate Platinum Gentle Plus) or 6.0% hydrogen peroxide bleaching strips (Crest Whitestrips). Daily contact time was 6-8 hours for the tray system compared to 1 hour for the strip system, following manufacturers' instructions. Whitening was measured objectively using digital image analysis to assess L*a*b* after 7 days, while tolerability was assessed through interview and examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The predominantly female (85%) and non-smoking (91%) study population ranged from 20-47 years of age. Both treatments yielded a statistically significant (P < 0.001) whitening benefit with respect to reduction in yellowness (Ab*) and improvements in other color endpoints (deltaL*, deltaE*, and a new parameter, deltaW*) compared to baseline. The strip group experienced greater color improvement on average for all color parameters in the study. After 7 days treatment, the adjusted mean deltab* was -1.24 in the strip group and -0.65 in the tray group, with these groups differing significantly (P = 0.04). Tooth sensitivity was reported by 13% of subjects using the hydrogen peroxide strips, compared to 22% of subjects using the carbamiide peroxide potassium nitrate tray system. No subjects discontinued treatment early due to an adverse event.
authors.affiliation: Health Care Research Center, The Procter & Gamble Company, Mason, OH 45040-9462, USA. gerlach.rw@pg.com
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gerlach
authors.forename: Xiaojie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Stephen F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: McClanahan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003116:Color; D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016877:Oxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010545:Peroxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D013997:Time Factors; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014508:Urea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D009566:Nitrates; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C023844:potassium nitrate