title: Patterns of childhood cancer by ethnic group in Bradford, UK 1974-1997.
abstract: The highly urbanised northern English city of Bradford contains a diverse population from different ethnic backgrounds, including a high proportion of south Asians. We aimed to identify the effect of ethnic group on the incidence and temporal trends of childhood cancer in Bradford. Children (0-14 years) from the district of Bradford, who were diagnosed with a malignancy between 1974 and 1997, were selected from a population-based register. Each child was classified as south Asian (Indian, Pakistani and Bangladeshi), or not, based on their full name using 2 computer algorithms and individual inspection. Mid-year population estimates were used to calculate incidence rates and differences were assessed using Poisson regression. The study included 318 children, of whom 81 (25%) were south Asian. The incidence of all cancers in south Asian children (14.9 per 100,000 person years, 95% CI 11.6-18.2) was higher than non-south Asian children (12.0, 10.5-13.5) although not significantly so (P=0.14). Comparisons by diagnostic subgroup showed no major differences apart from significantly higher rates of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) in south Asian children (1.9 versus 0.7, P=0.02). The age-specific incidence peaks of all childhood cancers and leukaemias were present in south Asian children aged 5-9 years compared with 0-4 years olds in the non-south Asian population. Non-significant increases of 1.4 and 1.5% in the average annual incidence of all cancers were seen for south Asians and non-south Asians respectively, with a significant rise for non-south Asians with leukaemia of 3.0% (P=0.04). Our timely study shows patterns of occurrence of childhood cancer that differ with respect to ethnic group. Differences are particularly apparent in the excess of AML and incidence peak in 5-9 year olds in south Asian children.
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Epidemiology Group, Unit of Epidemiology and Health Services Research, University of Leeds, 32 Hyde Terrace, Leeds LS2 9LN, UK. p.a.mckinney@leeds.ac.uk
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: McKinney
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Feltbower
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Parslow
authors.forename: I J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Glaser
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kinsey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D001208:Asia / Q000208:ethnology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007938:Leukemia / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D017678:Sex Distribution