Effect of micronutrient supplementation on the growth of preschool children in China.
OBJECTIVE
To study the relationship between micronutrient supplementation and children growth.


METHODS
A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 156 growth retarded preschool children. They were randomly assigned to five groups: supplemental control (S-control, n = 28), zinc supplementation (+Zn, 3.5 mg Zn/day, n = 34), zinc and calcium supplementation (+ZnCa, 3.5 mg Zn + 250 mg Ca/day, n = 37), zinc and calcium and vitamin A supplementation (+ZnCaVA, 3.5 mg Zn + 250 mg Ca + 200 g VA/day, n = 28), Calcium, and vitamin A supplementation (+CaVA, 250 mg Ca + 200 g VA/day, n = 29). Another 34 children with normal height were selected as normal control (N-control). Supplementation continued for twelve months.


RESULTS
The height gain in +Zn group (7.84 cm per year) and +ZnCa group (7.70 cm per year) was significantly higher than that in S-control group (6.74 cm per year, P < 0.05); The weight gain in +ZnCaVA group (2.55 kg per year) and +CaVA group (2.57 kg per year) was also significantly higher than that in S-control group (2.19 kg per year, P < 0.05); The average days of illness in each supplementation group were lower than that in S-control (13 days per year compared with 23 days per year). No significant difference was observed on bone age.


CONCLUSIONS
Zinc and Zinc + Calcium supplementation can improve the height gain, and vitamin A can improve weight gain in growth retarded preschool children, but do not affect the maturity of bone. Micronutrient supplementation can lower the morbidity of these children.
Yang
Yue-Xin
YX
Institute of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, Beijing 100050, China.
Han
Jun-Hua
JH
Shao
Xiao-Ping
XP
He
Mei
M
Bian
Li-Hua
LH
Wang
Zhu
Z
Wang
Guo-Dong
GD
Men
Jian-Hua
JH
D001827:Body Height; D002118:Calcium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002657:Child Development; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000178:diet therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D015430:Weight Gain; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
D014801:Vitamin A; D015032:Zinc; D002118:Calcium