title: The scientific basis for and efficacy of optometric vision therapy in nonstrabismic accommodative and vergence disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For nearly 75 years, optometric vision therapy has been an important mode of therapy for both children and adults who manifested a range of nonstrabismic accommodative and vergence disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this article, the scientific basis for, and efficacy of, optometric vision therapy in such patients will be discussed. Using bio-engineering models of the oculomotor system as the conceptual framework, emphasis will be focused on studies that used objective recording techniques to directly assess therapeutically related changes in oculomotor responsivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings clearly support the validity of optometric vision therapy. Furthermore, the results are consistent with the tenets of general motor learning.
authors.affiliation: State University of New York, State College of Optometry, Department of Vision Sciences, New York, New York 10036, USA. kciuffreda@sunyopt.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ciuffreda
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003290:Convergence, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D009907:Optometry / Q000379:methods*; D009988:Orthoptics / Q000379:methods*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000628:therapy*