Intranuclear trafficking of transcription factors: Requirements for vitamin D-mediated biological control of gene expression.
The architecturally associated subnuclear organization of nucleic acids and cognate regulatory factors suggest functional interrelationships between nuclear structure and gene expression. Mechanisms that contribute to the spatial distribution of transcription factors within the three-dimensional context of nuclear architecture control the sorting of regulatory information as well as the assembly and activities of sites within the nucleus that support gene expression. Vitamin D control of gene expression serves as a paradigm for experimentally addressing mechanisms that govern the intranuclear targeting of regulatory factors to nuclear domains where transcription of developmental and tissue-specific genes occur. We will present an overview of molecular, cellular, genetic, and biochemical approaches that provide insight into the trafficking of regulatory factors that mediate vitamin D control of gene expression to transcriptionally active subnuclear sites. Examples will be presented that suggest modifications in the intranuclear targeting of transcription factors abrogate competency for vitamin D control of skeletal gene expression during development and fidelity of gene expression in tumor cells.
Stein
Gary S
GS
Department of Cell Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, 55 Lake Ave. North, Worcester, Massachusetts 01655, USA. gary.stein@umassmed.edu
Lian
Jane B
JB
Stein
Janet L
JL
Wijnen
André J van
AJ
Montecino
Martin
M
Javed
Amjad
A
Pratap
Jitesh
J
Choi
Je
J
Zaidi
S Kaleem
SK
Gutierrez
Soraya
S
Harrington
Kimberly
K
Shen
Jiali
J
Young
Daniel
D
D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
D014157:Transcription Factors; D014807:Vitamin D