title: Pregnancy outcome in Type 1 diabetes mellitus treated with insulin lispro (Humalog).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of insulin lispro in pregnancy has not been systematically investigated despite its increasing use. Pooled data from seven centres with experience in the use of insulin lispro were accumulated to evaluate pregnancy outcome in women with Type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven units with specialist obstetric diabetes services were recruited to describe their total experience with insulin lispro in pregnancy. Outcomes with respect to the rate of miscarriage, congenital abnormality, perinatal mortality and maternal parameters were recorded in a standardized format.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Outcomes on 71 babies from 76 pregnancies were documented. There were six (7.8%) early miscarriages. All 71 babies were liveborn with a mean gestational age of 37.2 weeks, and median birthweight of 3230 g. Seven babies weighed > 4 kg. There were four congenital abnormalities (5.6%). There was a 72% increase in the mean insulin dose (0.75-1.29 IU/kg per day). Maternal glycaemic control improved throughout pregnancy. No women developed retinopathy de novo during pregnancy and six with established retinopathy required laser therapy during pregnancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of insulin lispro in Type 1 diabetes during pregnancy results in outcomes comparable to other large studies of diabetic pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Centre, The Michael White Center for Diabetes & Endocrinology, Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, UK.
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Masson
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Patmore
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Brash
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baxter
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caldwell
authors.forename: I W
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Gallen
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Vice
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lindow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061268:Insulin Lispro