title: Panic disorder patients at the time of air strikes.
abstract: We assessed the impact of real danger on several aspects of the panic disorder (PD) patients' psychopathology and level of disability. At the time of the NATO air strikes on Belgrade, 84 PD patients who were in partial or complete remission were administered the Panic and Agoraphobia Scale (PAS). All had been treated previously, and the majority (58.3%) were taking antipanic medications. The PAS, which was used as part of the regular follow-up assessment battery for PD patients, measures the overall severity of PD and the severity of key aspects and components of PD. Compared to the PAS assessments made before the onset of air strikes, the PAS assessments made at the time of air strikes showed significant differences in terms of decreased overall severity of PD, fewer health concerns, decrease in the level of disability, and greater intensity and frequency of anticipatory anxiety. Differences on the measures of panic attacks and agoraphobic avoidance were negligible. These results suggest that there is no relationship between panic attacks and real danger and lend support to the notion that panic attacks and fear induced by real danger are different phenomena. Contrary to the expectations of many PD patients, the presence of real danger does not seem to be associated with deterioration in their functioning, and PD patients can be reassured that they are not likely to cope worse under conditions of danger.
authors.affiliation: Hunter Mental Health Service and University of Newcastle Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Newcastle, NSW, Australia. vstar@tpg.com.au
authors.forename: Vladan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Starcevic
authors.forename: Dusan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kolar
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Latas
authors.forename: Goran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bogojevic
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kelin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000379:Agoraphobia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D000401:Aircraft; D000525:Alprazolam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D002998:Clonazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018757:GABA Modulators / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology; D014857:Warfare; D015022:Yugoslavia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D018757:GABA Modulators; D002998:Clonazepam; D000525:Alprazolam