title: Morphological redifferentiation in a malignant astrocytic tumor after gamma knife radiosurgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to demonstrate positron emission tomography (PET), histological, and immunohistochemical data supporting the notion of morphological redifferentiation in a malignant astrocytic tumor after gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The 11C- methionine-PET activity, Ki-67 labeling index (LI), and p53 protein expression were examined using immunohistochemical methods to assess tumor proliferative capacity. Tissue samples were obtained before and after radiosurgery in a patient with a malignant (Grade III) cerebellar astrocytoma. Positron emission tomography scans obtained 5.5 months following radiosurgery were suggestive of decreased tumor proliferative capacity and radionecrosis. Histological examination of tumor tissue removed 42 months before GKS was characteristic of a diffuse Grade III astrocytoma in every part of the resected tumor. Similar material removed 6 months after GKS was consistent with a Grade II astrocytoma in the great majority of the resected tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histopathological examination showed positive phenotypic modification (redifferentiation) consistent with a Grade 11 astrocytoma in the majority of tumor specimens after radiosurgery. After GKS both the Ki-67 LI and p53 reaction decreased considerably as did 11C methionine uptake. Because p53 is one of the essential genes involved in the radiation response, mutations induced by the ionizing effect of gamma rays might promote partial repair of this gene's tumor suppressor function.
authors.affiliation: Centre Gamma Knife, Hôpital Académique Erasme, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: György T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Szeifert
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Massager
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brotchi
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Levivier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D016634:Radiosurgery; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53