title: The death associated protein (DAP) kinase homologue Dlk/ZIP kinase induces p19ARF- and p53-independent apoptosis.
abstract: Dlk/ZIP kinase is one of five members of the death associated protein (DAP) kinase family. DAP kinase is able to induce apoptosis in a p19ARF/p53-dependent manner. We elucidated the potential role of the p19ARF/p53 pathway in Dlk/ZIP kinase-triggered cell death. Overexpression of a constitutively pro-apoptotic form of Dlk/ZIP kinase induced apoptosis in rat fibroblast cells which express wild-type p19ARF and p53. Cell death was characterised by apoptotic membrane blebbing, mitochondrial depolarisation, cytochrome c release and activation of caspase-3. However, Dlk/ZIP kinase-triggered cell death was also observed in p19ARF-deficient and p53-deficient mouse fibroblast cells. Quantitative analysis revealed that the status of p53 had no major influence on cellular susceptibility to Dlk/ZIP kinase-triggered cell death. Loss of p53 did not prevent Dlk/ZIP kinase-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarisation and release of cytochrome c. Furthermore, overexpression of Dlk/ZIP kinase did not lead to an increased expression of pro-apoptotic p53 target genes in either cell line. These data suggest that Dlk/ZIP kinase is able to trigger the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway independent of the p19ARF/p53 signalling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), Research Group Apoptosis and Cell Death, Westphalian Wilhelms-University, D-48149 Münster, Germany. koegel@uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kögel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reimertz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Düssmann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mech
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Scheidtmann
authors.forename: J H M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Prehn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D015153:Blotting, Western; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000378:metabolism; D064550:Death-Associated Protein Kinases; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D064550:Death-Associated Protein Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases