A comparison of protoporphyrin IX and protoporphyrin IX dimethyl ester as a photosensitizer in poorly differentiated human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.
Protoporphyrin IX dimethyl ester (PME), a dimethyl esterification of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), exhibits higher intracellular uptake into NPC/CNE2 cells, a poorly differentiated human nasopharyngeal carcinoma, than does PpIX. Phototoxicity studies reveal PME to be a more potent photosensitizer than is PpIX, at the early and late incubation time points. Correlating phototoxicity with subcellular localization indicates that PME is a more potent photosensitizer when its primary target of photodamage is mitochondria. Also, additional targeting of lysosome enhances phototoxicity.
Yee
Karen Kar Lye
KK
Department of Medical Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.
Soo
Khee Chee
KC
Bay
Boon Huat
BH
Olivo
Malini
M
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011524:Protoporphyrins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011524:Protoporphyrins; C028025:protoporphyrin IX; C041104:dimethyl protoporphyrin IX