title: [Study on the effects of combined IL-12 and GM-CSF gene therapy for murine liver cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the anti-tumor effects of combined IL-12 and granalocyte-macrophage-colong scimulating factor (GM-CSF) gene therapy on murine hepatocellular carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four mice received subcutaneous inoculation of 1 x 10(6) BNL hepatoma cells were randomly divided into the following four groups with different cytokine encoding plasmids (6 mice for each group): (1)pXX-GM-CSF 12.5 microg and pXX-IL-12 12.5 microg; (2)pXX-IL-12 25 microg; (3)pXX-GM-CSF 25 microg; (4)pXX-Neo 25 microg. The plasmids were given through tail vein using a versatile hydrodynamics-based DNA delivery method on day 3 and day 6 after tumor challenge. The growth of tumor and cellular immune response were observed intensively. The changes in serum concentration of IL-12, GM-CSF, and IFN-gamma after plasmids injection were also observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Co-delivery of IL-12 and GM-CSF could mount stronger anti-tumor effects, longer term enhanced IL-12 expression and lower level of IFN-gamma than did IL-12 alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined IL-12 and GM-CSF can render a strong anti-tumor effect as well as a potential to lower the side effects.
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Shuangjian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Shenglong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhaoyiu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010957:Plasmids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor