title: Increased medication use in a community environmentally exposed to chemicals.
abstract: An epidemiological health study compared the health status of residents of a town exposed to an accidental Catacarb chemical release from an adjacent oil refinery, with the health status of demographically similar residents of an unexposed town in the region. Few studies of Catacarb's effects on humans exist; however, animal studies have shown it to be a respiratory, gastro-intestinal, dermatological and visual irritant. As part of the study, health questionnaires assessing pre- and post exposure symptoms, illnesses and medication use were mailed to residents in both towns. Medication use is sometimes reported to be a more objective and reliable measure of health outcomes. The current paper compared medication use of exposed and unexposed residents. Significant increases after exposure were found in the use of the following medications: antacid, asthma medication, cough and cold medication, eye medication, headache medication and sleep medication. These increases were consistent with reported symptoms, albeit of greater magnitude; no increase in medication use for other illnesses was reported. Medication use in this sample was consistent with patients' report of symptoms and may be a better measure of outcome.
authors.affiliation: San Francisco State University, Department of Psychology, San Francisco, California 94132, USA. rbowl@sfsu.edu
authors.forename: Rosemarie M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bowler
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gysens
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hartney
authors.forename: Long
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.forename: Stephen S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Rauch
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Midtling
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D002254:Carbonates / Q000009:adverse effects; D004194:Disease / Q000145:classification; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005648:Fuel Oils; D015386:Hazardous Substances / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011188:Potassium / Q000009:adverse effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014638:Vanadates / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D002254:Carbonates; D004983:Ethanolamines; D005648:Fuel Oils; D015386:Hazardous Substances; D014638:Vanadates; C020283:diethanolamine; C037593:potassium carbonate; D011188:Potassium