title: Association between angiotensin I-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and mitral valve prolapse syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Some studies have reported that patients with mitral valve prolapse syndrome (MVPS) also have a disorder in the autonomic or neuroendocrine function, which can cause a host of related symptoms. A potential role of the renin-angiotensin system in the pathogenesis of MVPS has been addressed. However, the role of angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) genetic variant in MVPS has not been studied. We therefore performed a case-control study investigating the possible relation between ACE gene polymorphisms and MVPS in Taiwan Chinese.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 100 patients with MVPS diagnosed by echocardiography and 100 age- and sex-matched normal control patients. ACE gene insertion/deletion (I/D), A-240T, and G2350A polymorphisms were identified by polymerase chain reaction-based restriction analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant difference in the distribution of ACE I/D genotypes (P =.003) and allelic frequencies (P =.001) between MVPS cases and control patients. An odds ratio for the risk of MVPS associated with the ACE II genotype was 2.14 (95% CI 1.20-3.80 ). An odds ratio for the risk of MVPS associated with ACE I allele was 1.96 (95% CI 1.30-2.97). The A-240T and G2350A polymorphisms of the ACE gene showed no association with MVPS (P =.20, P =.13, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study showed that patients with MVPS have a higher frequency of ACE II genotype, which supports a role of the ACE I/D gene polymorphism in determining the risk of MVPS among the Chinese population in Taiwan.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsiang-Tai
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Yng-Tay
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yi-Ru
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Fuu-Jen
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008945:Mitral Valve Prolapse / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A