title: Targeting cytokine/chemokine receptors: a challenge for molecular nuclear medicine.
abstract: Radiolabelled cytokines and chemokines are a group of radiopharmaceuticals that, by highlighting in vivo the binding to specific high-affinity receptors expressed on selected cell populations, allow the molecular and functional characterisation of immune-mediated processes Recently, several authors have described the use of radiolabelled cytokines and chemokines not only for imaging of inflammation and infection, but also as an approach to study in vivo the biology of primary and metastatic cancer cells. The latter avenue of research has been pursued particularly to help oncologists in therapeutic decision making and to follow up the efficacy of new immune therapies. In this paper we describe the characteristics of cytokines and chemokines, focussing on their role as radiopharmaceuticals for the imaging of cancer cells in vivo, a new challenge for molecular nuclear medicine.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, University La Sapienza, Via del Policlinico 155, 00161 Roma, Italy. alberto.signore@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Signore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chianelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bei
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Oyen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Modesti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D018925:Chemokines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016207:Cytokines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007553:Isotope Labeling / Q000379:methods; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D009683:Nuclear Medicine / Q000379:methods; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D011868:Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine