title: Interaction of NF-E2 in the human beta-globin locus control region before chromatin remodeling.
abstract: When transcription is initiated under repressive conditions, such as when chromatin are packed together, binding followed by the functioning of key components in the transcriptional apparatus should be appropriately facilitated in the chromatin architecture. We provide evidence that the erythroid-specific enhancer- binding protein NF-E2 interacts with the cognate motif at DNase I-hypersensitive site 2 of the human beta-globin locus control region in a repressive state. The nucleosome containing the NF-E2-binding site showed characteristic rotational and translational phases in vitro. The binding site had less affinity to the histone octamers than nearby regions while showing greater accessibility to DNase I and micrococcal nuclease. Furthermore, the motif was recognized by the exogenous NF-E2 protein expressed in HeLa cells, which have a repressive state of chromatin at the beta-globin locus, as shown by ligation-mediated PCR and chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. These lines of evidence indicate that NF-E2 interacts with the cognate motif on the nucleosome before chromatin is remodeled.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Glycoscience, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST Tsukuba Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan. y-onishi@aist.go.jp
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.forename: Ryoiti
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kiyama
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018983:DNA Footprinting; D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D005914:Globins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019901:Locus Control Region; D050983:NF-E2 Transcription Factor; D050984:NF-E2 Transcription Factor, p45 Subunit; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D050983:NF-E2 Transcription Factor; D050984:NF-E2 Transcription Factor, p45 Subunit; C494692:NFE2 protein, human; D009707:Nucleosomes; D014157:Transcription Factors; D005914:Globins