title: A new brain-computer interface design using fuzzy ARTMAP.
abstract: This paper proposes a new brain-computer interface (BCI) design using fuzzy ARTMAP (FA) neural network, as well as an application of the design. The objective of this BCI-FA design is to classify the best three of the five available mental tasks for each subject using power spectral density (PSD) values of electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. These PSD values are extracted using the Wiener-Khinchine and autoregressive methods. Ten experiments employing different triplets of mental tasks are studied for each subject. The findings show that the average BCI-FA outputs for four subjects gave less than 6% of error using the best triplets of mental tasks identified from the classification performances of FA. This implies that the BCI-FA can be successfully used with a tri-state switching device. As an application, a proposed tri-state Morse code scheme could be utilized to translate the outputs of this BCI-FA design into English letters. In this scheme, the three BCI-FA outputs correspond to a dot and a dash, which are the two basic Morse code alphabets and a space to denote the end (or beginning) of a dot or a dash. The construction of English letters using this tri-state Morse code scheme is determined only by the sequence of mental tasks and is independent of the time duration of each mental task. This is especially useful for constructing letters that are represented as multiple dots or dashes. This combination of BCI-FA design and the tri-state Morse code scheme could be developed as a communication system for paralyzed patients.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Multimedia University, 75450, Melaka, Malaysia.
authors.forename: Ramaswamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palaniappan
authors.forename: Raveendran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paramesran
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saiwaki
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D017143:Fuzzy Logic; D006801:Humans; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000145:classification / Q000502:physiology*; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014584:User-Computer Interface