title: Longitudinal stress fracture: patterns of edema and the importance of the nutrient foramen.
abstract: METHODS
  We reviewed the MR appearances of six cases of longitudinal stress fracture of the lower extremity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One fracture was in the femur and five were in the tibia. Four of the tibial fractures showed edema starting in the mid-tibia at the level of the nutrient foramen with the fracture on the anteromedial cortex. The other tibial fracture started at the nutrient foramen. Three fractures (two tibial and the femur fracture) showed eccentric marrow edema; all fractures showed either eccentric periosteal reaction or soft tissue edema.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary diagnosis of longitudinal stress fracture is made by finding a vertical cleft on one or more axial images. Secondary signs of position of the nutrient foramen and patterns of edema may be useful.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI 48202, USA. josephc@rad.hfh.edu
authors.forename: Joseph G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Craig
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Widman
authors.forename: Marnix
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Holsbeeck
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004487:Edema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015775:Fractures, Stress / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*