title: Clinical restenosis after coronary stenting: perspectives from multicenter clinical trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate clinical restenosis in a large population of patients who had undergone coronary stent placement.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  One-year success after coronary stenting is limited mainly by restenosis of and requirement for repeat revascularization of the treated lesion. We studied 6,186 patients (6,219 lesions) pooled from several recently completed coronary stent trials. Clinical restenosis was defined using three different definitions: target lesion revascularization (TLR) beyond 30 days, target vessel revascularization (TVR) beyond 30 days, and target vessel failure (TVF), defined as TVR, any death, or myocardial infarction (MI) of the target vessel territory after hospital discharge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By one year, 638 (12.2%) patients had TLR, 748 (14.3%) had TVR, and 848 (16.0%) had TVF, more than two-thirds higher than the rate of these end points at six months. The severity of angiographic restenosis (> or =50% follow-up diameter stenosis [DS]) in 419 of 1,437 (29%) patients undergoing routine angiographic follow-up correlated directly with the likelihood of TLR (73% vs. 26% for >70% DS compared with <60% DS). Smaller pretreatment minimum lumen diameter (MLD), smaller final MLD, longer stent length, diabetes mellitus, unstable angina, and hypertension were independent predictors of TLR. Prior MI and current smoking were negative predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At one year after stenting, most clinical restenosis reflected TLR, which was predicted by the same variables previously associated with an increased risk of angiographic restenosis. The lower absolute rate of clinical restenosis relative to angiographic restenosis was due to infrequent TLR in lesions with less severe (<60% DS) angiographic renarrowing.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Clinical Research Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. dcutlip@hcri.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Donald E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Cutlip
authors.forename: Manish S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: Donald S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Baim
authors.forename: Kalon K L
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Jeffrey J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Popma
authors.forename: Joseph P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Carrozza
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Kuntz
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015607:Stents