title: Six-month toxicity study of oral administration of D-003 in Sprague Dawley rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  D-003 is a mixture of high molecular weight aliphatic primary acids purified from sugarcane wax (Saccharum officinarum) having cholesterol-lowering and antiplatelet effects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to investigate the toxicity induced by long-term oral administration of D-003 for 6 months to Sprague Dawley rats of both sexes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were randomly divided into four groups (20 rats of each sex/group): a control group. which received the vehicle, and three treatment groups, which received oral D-003 at doses of 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg/day, respectively. Daily clinical observations and control of bodyweight and food consumption were conducted throughout the study period. On completion of active treatment, animals were sacrificed. Pharmacological effects associated with D-003 such as inhibition of platelet aggregation and increase in bleeding time were assessed in two satellite groups (14 animals of each sex/group): a control group and a group treated with the highest dose of D-003. Assessments of platelet aggregation to collagen were performed at baseline and at 6 months, and assessments of bleeding time were done at baseline, after 3 and 6 months of treatment, and after 30 days' washout.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As expected, D-003 significantly inhibited platelet aggregation. Bleeding time was increased after 3 months of treatment with D-003; this increase was maintained at 6 months, and was reversible after washout. Coagulation factors such as prothrombin time and kaolin-activated thromboplastin-time, which were determined in eight male animals from each group, were unaffected by D-003. Data analyses of bodyweight gain, food consumption, clinical observations, blood biochemistry, haematology, organ weight ratios and histopathological findings did not show trends related to D-003 dose or significant differences between control and treated groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It was concluded that the highest studied dose of D-003 (1,000 mg/kg/day) represented a non-toxic dose level in the present chronic toxicity study in rats.
authors.affiliation: Center of Natural Products, National Center for Scientific Research, Playa, Havana City, Cuba.
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gámez
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Más
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noa
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Menéndez
authors.forename: Haydee
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Yohany
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Eddy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goicochea
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001760:Bleeding Time; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; C418063:D-003 sugarcane wax acid mixture; D005227:Fatty Acids; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors