title: In vitro antioxidant and in vivo photoprotective effects of a lyophilized extract of Capparis spinosa L buds.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant and in vivo photoprotective activities of a lyophilized extract of Capparis spinosa L. (LECS) obtained by methanolic extraction from the flowering buds of this plant. For the in vitro experiments, LECS was tested employing three different models: (a). bleaching of the stable 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH test); (b). peroxidation, induced by the water-soluble radical initiator 2,2'-azobis(2-amidinopropane) hydrochloride, of mixed dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine/linoleic acid unilamellar vesicles (LUVs) (LP-LUV test); and (c). UV-induced peroxidation of phosphatidylcholine multilamellar vesicles (UV-IP test). The in vivo antioxidant/radical scavenger activity was assessed by determining the ability of topically applied LECS to reduce UVB-induced skin erythema in healthy human volunteers. From the results obtained in in vitro and in vivo tests, LECS showed a significant antioxidant effect. Furthermore, by chromatographic fractionation and spectroscopic methods, we identified the major constituents of LECS, and particularly some flavonols (kaempferol and quercetin derivatives) and hydroxycinnamic acids (caffeic acid, ferulic acid, p-cumaric acid, and cinnamic acid).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonina
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Puglia
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aquino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tortora
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sacchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saija
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tomaino
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pellegrino
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Caprariis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019607:Brassicaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents