title: Treatment of systemic hypertension in patients with pulmonary disease: COPD and asthma.
abstract: We present a two-part review of the English-language literature pertaining to drug therapy for systemic high BP in patients with pulmonary diseases. Part I examines the literature pertaining to the use of antihypertensive drugs in patients with systemic hypertension and coexisting pulmonary conditions, especially COPD and asthma. Part II of the series reviews studies assessing the relationship between sleep-disordered breathing (including the role of the sympathetic nervous system) and systemic hypertension, and presents an approach to the management of these patients. It is the aim of both parts of this review to make qualified conclusions and recommendations applying a methodologic critique to assess the current literature. In the first part of this series, we review the demographics of hypertension in patients with COPD. This is followed by an extensive review of the use of specific classes of antihypertensive drug therapies in patients with pulmonary disease. The antihypertensive agents reviewed include diuretics, calcium antagonists, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and angiotensin II receptor antagonists, beta-adrenergic blocking agents, and alpha-beta-blockers and other non-beta-blocker classes. Additionally, the renin angiotensin system is briefly reviewed, with a discussion of how angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors induce cough, especially in pulmonary and congestive heart failure patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Marshfield Clinic, Marshfield, WI 54449, USA. dart.richard@marshfieldclinic.org
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dart
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gollub
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lazar
authors.forename: Chandra
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Steven H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Woolf
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents