title: [The effects of axotomy on the nociceptive neurons of the leech].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been described several similarities between mammalian and invertebrate nociceptors. Lateral N neuron, in the segmental ganglion of the leech Hirudo medicinalis, behave like polimodal nociceptors in mammals, meanwhile medial N cells is similar to mechano nociceptors (Pastor, Soria, Belmonte 1996). The effects of axotomy in sensory neurons in leeches are poorly understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We have focused on the electrophysiological properties of leech nociceptive neurons after axotomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In N lateral neurons, axotomy induced an increase in the total membrane capacitance, membrane time constant, decrease in the steady state/maximum hyperpolarization rate, increment in the time constant of voltage relaxation of inward rectifier, increase in action potential duration, dV/dtmax, dV/dtmin, and maximum amplitude and duration of after hyperpolarization; firing threshold (always in not axotomized) and an increment in adaptation spike frequency. In N medial cells, axotomy produced a slight depolarization and a decrease in Rinput, a rise in the time constant of voltage relaxation of inward rectifier, a decrement of action potential maximum amplitude, dV/dtmax, dV/dtmin, and after hyperpolarization maximum amplitude, with an increase in action potential and after hyperpolarization duration. Finally, firing threshold increased both in axotomized and not axotomized after axotomy. Axotomy not only induced changes in injured cells, but modified neurons whose axons did not run into the cutting nerves.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  axotomy induces different changes in N lateral and N medial nociceptive cells, and it is suggested some kind of communication between axotomized and not axotomized cells
authors.affiliation: Servicion de Neurofisiología. Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Madrid, España. jpastor@hlpr.insalud.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pastor-Gómez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López de Armentia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mendioroz
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D019771:Axotomy; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D007865:Leeches / Q000502:physiology*; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors