title: Effects of intestinal survival surgery on systemic and mucosal immune responses in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.
abstract: Evaluation of cellular immunity in the intestinal lamina propria of rhesus macaques has been used previously to assess protective immunity against mucosal simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) challenges. As this technique requires survival surgery to obtain jejunal tissue, effects of surgical stress on the immune system were investigated. SIV-specific immune responses, including IgG and IgA binding antibodies in sera and mucosal secretions, IgG and IgA secreting cells in peripheral blood, IgG neutralizing antibodies, T-cell proliferative responses, and interferon-gamma secretion by peripheral blood mononuclear cells, were evaluated pre- and post-surgery in macaques immunized with adenovirus-SIV recombinant vaccines and SIV envelope protein and in SIV-infected macaques. No differences in these immune parameters were observed in SIV-naïve, immunized macaques or healthy SIV-infected macaques with regard to surgery. A dramatic increase in total IgA antibody level following surgery in the rectal secretions of one SIV-infected macaque that was rapidly progressing to AIDS and failed to recover from surgery was attributed to an abscess that developed at the intestinal site. To date, nearly 30 other macaques have undergone the intestinal survival surgery, some on more than one occasion, without experiencing any clinical difficulty. Overall, our results suggest that in healthy macaques, intestinal resection survival surgery can be conducted safely. Further, the method can be used to reliably sample the intestinal mucosa without major or persistent impact on humoral or cellular immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Basic Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: Yvette Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Edghill-Smith
authors.forename: Kristine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aldrich
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pinczewski
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Kalyanaraman
authors.forename: Monae
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Aliya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heyliger
authors.forename: R Preston
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Perrin
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Woodward
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robert-Guroff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division; D005260:Female; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018449:SAIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000592:standards; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral; D018449:SAIDS Vaccines; D007371:Interferon-gamma