title: The duration component of the stress effect in stuttering.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether there is a relationship between stuttering on stressed syllables and the duration of these syllables. Sixteen adults who stutter read a text consisting of 226 syllables. The relative stress of each syllable was rated, and syllables were categorized into long- and short-stressed syllables, unstressed syllables and intermediate syllables lying in-between. In order to isolate effects caused by within-word position from those caused by linguistic stress, syllables in initial and in subsequent positions were analyzed separately. In both word position categories stressed syllables were stuttered more often than unstressed syllables. Stuttering frequency of intermediate syllables seems to be in-between stressed and unstressed syllables, just as their stress level is rated in-between. Results regarding the duration of stressed syllables do not allow final conclusions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The reader will learn about and be able to describe (1) language factors related with stuttering events, (2) the stress effect in adults who stutter, and (3) methods to control for its confounding variables.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Experimental Psychology, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany. natke@uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Natke
authors.forename: Juliane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grosser
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandrieser
authors.forename: Karl Theodor
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Kalveram
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004496:Education, Continuing; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D013060:Speech; D013068:Speech Production Measurement; D013066:Speech-Language Pathology / Q000193:education; D013342:Stuttering / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D013997:Time Factors