title: [Hormonal chemotherapy for hormone-refractory prostate cancer].
abstract: To our knowledge, no standard chemotherapy for patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer (HRPC) has been established. Since most patients with HRPC are elderly and have bone metastasis, cytotoxic chemotherapy causes them to be at high risk for myelosuppression. Therefore, chemotherapeutic agents with low toxicity and good compliance should be elected. We conducted three regimens for HRPC on an outpatient basis. Eligibility criteria were defined as serial rising PSA values on 3 or more occasions at least 2 weeks apart or radiological new or extensive lesions under hormonal therapy. The first regimen is comprised of cyclophosphamide (CPM), 100 mg/day, UFT, 400 mg/day, and estramustine phosphate (EMP), 560 mg/day in two daily fractions. The second regimen is comprised of an oral administration of dexamethasone (DEX) (0.5-2 mg/day). The third regimen is comprised of DEX, 1 mg/day, cyclophosphamide, 100 mg/day and UFT, 400 mg/day in two daily fractions. Post-therapy prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level in serum, objective response on bone scan or measurable disease, and symptomatic response on bone pain were assessed. All regimens showed clinical efficacy with mild toxicity. Indications and limitations of these regimens are discussed. Further, the combination trials of taxane and EMP in patients with HRPC are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University.
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Yasutomo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Kiyonori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tokizane
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Natsuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takaha
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nonomura
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okuyama
authors.forename: Kazumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamoi
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ukimura
authors.forename: Tsuneharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Takuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: Yasuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugao
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takatera
authors.forename: Kinya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004961:Estramustine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005641:Tegafur / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014498:Uracil / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D004338:Drug Combinations; C096910:UFT(R) drug; D005641:Tegafur; D004961:Estramustine; D014498:Uracil; D003907:Dexamethasone; D003520:Cyclophosphamide