title: Economic evaluation of enoxaparin as prophylaxis against venous thromboembolism in seriously ill medical patients: a US perspective.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the cost and cost effectiveness of adding venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis with enoxaparin, a low-molecular-weight heparin, to standard care for acutely ill, hospitalized medical patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pharmacoeconomic model was developed to simulate the 6- to 14-day course of enoxaparin prophylaxis evaluated in the MEDENOX trial in a US healthcare setting. Clinical results as reported for the trial were applied to resource use and treatment costs in a US healthcare environment. The model projects hospital length of stay and cost for an acute medical admission from a third-party payer perspective, as well as costs for the course of enoxaparin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VTE prophylaxis with enoxaparin would account for 1.2% to 2.4% of the cost of a hospital admission, with an additional $23 +/- $28 to $99 +/- $122 to complete the course of prophylaxis out of hospital. Incremental cost effectiveness of VTE prophylaxis relative to no prophylaxis ranges from $1249 to $3088 per VTE avoided. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis appears to be a break-even intervention, with the cost recouped through avoided treatment, if the rate of treated VTE without prophylaxis is at least 3-4%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MEDENOX trial demonstrated that prophylaxis with enoxaparin substantially decreases the risk of VTE among acutely ill, hospitalized medical patients. Economic analysis indicates that this protection represents a small increase in current treatment costs. Prophylaxis is cost effective in terms of incremental cost per VTE avoided. Furthermore, there is a reasonable likelihood that the cost of prophylaxis will be offset by avoided future VTE treatment.
authors.affiliation: MEDTAP International, Inc, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. delissovoy@medtap.com
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Lissovoy
authors.forename: Prasun
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Subedi
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000191:economics* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D016527:Drug Costs; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000191:economics* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017721:Hospital Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D011292:Premedication / Q000191:economics*; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014481:United States; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000191:economics / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D017984:Enoxaparin