Growth hormone regulated gene expression.
Growth hormone (GH) regulated gene expression contributes to many of the effects of GH on cellular metabolism, growth and differentiation. Study of model systems has revealed several mechanisms by which GH regulates gene expression. Regulation of expression of the proto-oncogene c-fos involves STAT-, MAPK, and PI-3K-mediated changes in transcripton factors. STAT 5 plays important roles in regulation of spi 2.1 expression and in the sexually dimorphic expression of some liver genes. GH-regulated STAT 5 has also been implicated in regulation of other physiologically important genes, including those encoding components of the IGF-I axis and insulin. Together, these studies provide insight into GH signaling mechanisms and diverse physiological roles of GH.
Schwartz
J
J
Department of Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0622, USA. jeschwar@umich.edu
Huo
J S
JS
Piwien-Pilipuk
G
G
D000818:Animals; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D016762:Genes, fos; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000502:physiology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008894:Milk Proteins; D008954:Models, Biological; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D051381:Rats; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology
D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D013006:Growth Hormone; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007328:Insulin; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D008894:Milk Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human