Characteristics of African American women caregivers of children with asthma.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the attributes and characteristics of African American women who were the primary caregivers of children with asthma.


METHODS
Descriptive qualitative ethnography. Data collection consisted of formal interviews, participant observation, and fieldnotes. Each study participant was formally and informally interviewed (audiotaped) during a 1-year period. The researchers also observed and participated in family activities in various naturalistic settings.


RESULTS
Six themes emerged that depict the characteristics of these women: (1) Knowledge about the child's asthma; (2) Gatekeepers to the child's care; (3) Being religious; (4) Support; (5) Roles as teacher, counselor, and advisor to the child; and (6) Self-sufficiency and industriousness.


CONCLUSIONS
Nurses should use the information in this study to examine the ways in which they interact with caregivers of asthmatic children. The caregivers personal beliefs, need for information, and previous experiences with asthma and family illness should be assessed. These mothers and grandmothers should be respected as the gatekeeper to the family's healthcare. Nurses should be nonjudgmental and supportive of caregivers when they express their religious beliefs and practices. Nurses who understand how mothers cope can reinforce these coping skills and provide better nursing care.
Sterling
Yvonne M
YM
Department of Family Nursing, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center School of Nursing, New Orleans, 70118, USA. ysterl@lsuhsc.edu
Peterson
Jane W
JW
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000451:nursing / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D020380:Needs Assessment; D015205:Northwestern United States; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012944:Social Support; D015206:Southwestern United States