title: N-acetylcysteine infusion alters blood redox status but not time to fatigue during intense exercise in humans.
abstract: Infusion of the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) reduces fatigability in electrically evoked human muscle contraction, but due to reported adverse reactions, no studies have investigated NAC infusion effects during voluntary exercise in humans. We investigated whether a modified NAC-infusion protocol (125 mg. kg(-1). h(-1) for 15 min, then 25 mg. kg(-1). h(-1)) altered blood redox status and enhanced performance during intense, intermittent exercise. Eight untrained men participated in a counterbalanced, double-blind, crossover study in which they received NAC or saline (control) before and during cycling exercise, which comprised three 45-s bouts and a fourth bout that continued to fatigue, at 130% peak oxygen consumption. Arterialized venous blood was analyzed for glutathione status, hematology, and plasma electrolytes. NAC infusion induced no severe adverse reactions. Exercise decreased the reduced glutathione (P < 0.005) and increased oxidized glutathione concentrations (P < 0.005); NAC attenuated both effects (P < 0.05). NAC increased the rise in plasma K(+) concentration-to-work ratio (P < 0.05), indicating impaired K(+) regulation, although time to fatigue was unchanged (NAC 102 +/- 45 s; saline 107 +/- 53 s). Thus NAC infusion altered blood redox status during intense, intermittent exercise but did not attenuate fatigue.
authors.affiliation: Muscle, Ions, and Exercise Group, Centre for Rehabilitation, Exercise, and Sport Science, School of Human Movement, Recreation, & Performance, Victoria University of Technology, Victoria, Australia 8001.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Medved
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bjorksten
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Leppik
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sostaric
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: McKenna
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium; D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003545:Cysteine / Q000097:blood; D003553:Cystine / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D005978:Glutathione / Q000097:blood*; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010807:Physical Endurance; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D003553:Cystine; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine; D011188:Potassium; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide; D000111:Acetylcysteine