title: Extended virulence genotype of pathogenic Escherichia coli isolates carrying the afa-8 operon: evidence of similarities between isolates from humans and animals with extraintestinal infections.
abstract: The afimbrial AfaE-VIII adhesin is common among Escherichia coli isolates from calves with intestinal and/or extraintestinal infections and from humans with sepsis or pyelonephritis. The virulence genotypes of 77 Escherichia coli afa-8 isolates from farm animals and humans were compared to determine whether any trait of commonality exists between isolates of the different host species. Over half of the extraintestinal afa-8 isolates were associated with pap and f17Ac adhesin genes and contained virulence genes (pap, hly, and cnf1) which are characteristic of human extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC). PapG, which occurs as three known variants (variants I to III), is encoded by the corresponding three alleles of papG. Among the pap-positive strains, new papG variants (papGrs) that differed from the isolates with genes for the three adhesin classes predominated over isolates with papG allele III, which in turn were more prevalent than those with allele II. The data showed the substantial prevalence of the enteroaggregative E. coli heat-stable enterotoxin gene (east1) among afa-8 isolates. Most of the afa-8 isolates harbored the high-pathogenicity island (HPI) present in pathogenic Yersinia; however, two-thirds of the HPI-positive strains shared a truncated HPI integrase gene. The presence of ExPEC-associated virulence factors (VFs) in extraintestinal isolates that carry genes typical of enteric strains and that express O antigens associated with intestinal E. coli is consistent with transfer of VFs and O-antigen determinants between ExPEC and enteric strains. The similarities between animal and human ExPEC strains support the hypothesis of overlapping populations, with members of certain clones or clonal groups including animal and human strains. The presence of multiple-antibiotic-resistant bovine afa-8 strains among such clones may represent a potential public health risk.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Centre de Recherche, INRA de Clermont-Ferrand-Theix, 63122 St Genès Champanelle, France. girard@clermont.inra.fr
authors.forename: Jean Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Girardeau
authors.forename: Lila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lalioui
authors.forename: A Mohamed Ou
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Said
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Champs
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Bouguénec
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001770:Blood Bactericidal Activity; D002417:Cattle; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D051719:MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein; D019081:O Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D009876:Operon; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015995:Prevalence; D012703:Serotyping; D012808:Sigma Factor / Q000235:genetics; D013552:Swine; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D019081:O Antigens; D012808:Sigma Factor; C069567:sigma factor KatF protein, Bacteria; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D051719:MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein; C497175:MutS protein, E coli