Household smoking behavior and ETS exposure among children with asthma in low-income, minority households.
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure was measured among 242 children with asthma who live in homes where at least one person smokes. Subjects were identified through clinics, schools, community agencies, and hospitals serving low-income, medically underserved communities in Los Angeles. Parents were surveyed about smoking behaviors in the household, children's ETS exposure, and attitudes towards smoking and smoking behavior change. Validation measures included urine cotinine for the child with asthma and passive air nicotine monitors placed in the subjects' homes. Overall reported levels of household smoking and ETS exposure were low, with a significant amount of household smoking taking place outside rather than inside the home. Over 47% of the respondents reported absolute restrictions against smoking in the home, and these restrictions were associated with lower reported levels of smoking, ETS exposure, and air nicotine and urine cotinine concentrations.
Berman
Barbara A
BA
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Research, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California at Los Angeles, A2-125 CHS, Box 956900, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6900, USA. bberman@ucla.edu
Wong
Glenn C
GC
Bastani
Roshan
R
Hoang
Tuyen
T
Jones
Craig
C
Goldstein
Darlene R
DR
Bernert
J Thomas
JT
Hammond
Katherine S
KS
Tashkin
Donald
D
Lewis
Mary Ann
MA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000652:urine; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003367:Cotinine / Q000652:urine; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D015141:Los Angeles / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*
D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D003367:Cotinine