title: Bone mineral density in children and young adults with beta-thalassemia trait.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Homozygous beta-thalassemia is a hereditary hematological disease due to defective beta-globin synthesis. Consequently, there is ineffective erythropoiesis and increased peripheral hemolysis. Increased erythropoiesis in bone marrow results in expansion of marrow cavity and reduced bone mass. Patients with heterozygous beta-thalassemia or beta-thalassemia trait may have mild anemia, and consequently mildly increased erythropoiesis. Whether modestly increased erythropoiesis might decrease bone mass is not well established.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) in children and young adults with beta-thalassemia trait.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one healthy young adults aged 20-45 yr and 26 healthy children aged 8-15 yr with beta-thalassemia trait were enrolled in the study. BMD was determined by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Determinations of intact parathormone (PTH), 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25-OHD), and bone markers were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In adults, all had z-scores of BMD more than -2 above the mean. The mean z-scores of BMD of lumbar spine, radius and femoral neck were 0.11, -0.10 and 0.41, respectively. In children, only two of 26 had z-scores of lumbar spine BMD more than -2 below the mean. The mean z-scores of BMD of total body, lumbar spine, radius and femoral neck were 0.12, -0.28, 0.30 and -0.14, respectively. All subjects had normal PTH, 25-OHD and bone markers levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  beta-Thalassemia trait is not a contributing factor for osteopenia/osteoporosis in children and young adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. rapmw@mahidol.ac.th
authors.forename: Pat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mahachoklertwattana
authors.forename: Ampaiwan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chuansumrit
authors.forename: Lulin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Choubtum
authors.forename: Arpom
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sriphrapradang
authors.forename: Rojana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sirisriro
authors.forename: Rajata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rajatanavin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015519:Bone Density; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology; D017086:beta-Thalassemia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*