title: Potentiation of nerve growth factor-induced neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells by a Coptidis Rhizoma extract and protoberberine alkaloids.
abstract: A methanol extract of Coptidis Rhizoma effectively enhanced the outgrowth of neurite in PC12 cells induced by nerve growth factor (NGF). Following solvent partition and preparative HPLC, berberine was isolated as the major active compound. Berberine enhanced the proportion of neurite-bearing cells in a dose-dependent manner without cytotoxicity. Its structural relatives, palmatine and coptisine, showed a slightly weaker NGF-enhancing effect than berberine. These three alkaloids inhibited acetylcholinesterase activity at a level comparable to that of physostigmine, but this inhibition was not responsible for the potentiation of NGF-induced neurite outgrowth. It is demonstrated for the first time that protoberberine alkaloids potentiated the NGF-induced differentiation of neural cells.
authors.affiliation: School of Bioresources, Hiroshima Prefectural University, 562 Nanatsuka, Shobara 727-0023, Japan.
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shigeta
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ootaki
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tatemoto
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inada
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001599:Berberine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D000089042:Coptis chinensis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; C034384:coptisine; D001599:Berberine; C009090:protoberberine; C107393:Coptidis rhizoma extract; C005413:palmatine