title: Methionine-enkephalin and leucine-enkephalin increase interleukin-1 beta release in mixed glia cultures.
abstract: Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is synthesized in the brain in response to LPS. Excessive IL-1 beta expression is observed in neurodegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of methionine-enkephalin (ME) and leucine-enkephalin (LE) on the baseline and LPS-activated release of IL-1 beta in rat mixed glia cultures. ME and LE increased LPS-induced IL-1 beta release, which was not blocked by naloxone. Both ME and LE increased the baseline release of IL-1 beta, which was completely blocked by naloxone pretreatment. Mixed glia cultures deprived of microglia (by shaking and incubating with L-leucine methyl ester) did not release IL-1 beta, which indicates microglia as a source of the changes in IL-1 beta release. The results of the study suggest that neurons may regulate glial activity through releasing enkephalins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Silesia, Medyków, Poland. farmkin@infomed.slam.katowice.pl
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kowalski
authors.forename: Bozena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gabryel
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Łabuzek
authors.forename: Zbigniew S
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Herman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D004743:Enkephalin, Leucine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004744:Enkephalin, Methionine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009270:Naloxone; D004744:Enkephalin, Methionine; D004743:Enkephalin, Leucine