title: Diagnoses, clinical classification, and proposed treatment of spontaneous early exposure of submerged implants.
abstract: Spontaneous early exposure of implants can become a serious complication during the initial healing phase. These early perforations and partial exposure of the coverscrews are a foci for plaque accumulation which, if left untreated, may result in inflammation, damage to the periimplant mucosa, and possible bone loss. Sometimes, these exposures are so small so as not to be clinically visible. This article presents methods of diagnoses of perforated mucosa around submerged implants. In addition, an easy-to-use classification of the spontaneous early exposure is proposed. Treatment modalities to prevent or intercept mucositis during the initial healing phase, when early exposures occur, are suggested.
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Institute of Periodontology, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. barbozae@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Eliane P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Barboza
authors.forename: André Luis
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Caúla
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000044:Dental Abutments; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003777:Dental Prophylaxis; D006801:Humans; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010519:Periodontium / Q000473:pathology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013492:Suppuration / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D015921:Dental Implants