title: Good results from combining etanercept to prevailing DMARD therapy in refractory juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of etanercept added to prevailing drug therapy in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) whose disease was refractory to conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drug (DMARD) treatment, including combinations of different DMARDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on 31 JIA patients with a disease resistant to conventional DMARD treatment were retrospectively collected from medical records and assessed for a one-year period after the introduction of etanercept or to the time of cessation of the drug due to a lack of efficacy or side effects. Efficacy was assessed based on the normal laboratory indexes of inflammation and changes in the following parametres: number of DMARDs used and intraarticular (i.a.) glucocorticoid injections. The numbers of inpatient days needed were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Etanercept was well tolerated. Only two patients stopped discontinued the treatment because of allergic rash, after 3 weeks of treatment in one case and after 4 months in another. In two cases the treatment was discontinued because of a lack of efficacy. During the treatment, there was a significant decrease in the number of DMARDs used and the i.a. glucocorticoid injections needed as well as in the dose of per oral glucocorticoids. The laboratory parameters also improved. In addition, there was a significant decrease in the number of inpatient days per 3-month period before and during the etanercept treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The addition of etanercept to conventional DMARD therapy in children with the most severe cases of JIA leads to an excellent clinical response during the first 12 months. The tolerability of the drug is good in combination therapy with various DMARDs.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatism Foundation Hospital, FIN-18120 Heinola, Finland. jarkko.haapasaari@reuma.fi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haapasaari
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kautiainen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hannula
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pohjankoski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hakala
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D000068800:Etanercept; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D000068800:Etanercept