title: Unnatural amino acid mutagenesis of green fluorescent protein.
abstract: Unnatural amino acid mutagenesis has been used to selectively substitute tyrosine 66 of green fluorescent protein (GFP) with five novel amino acids: p-amino-L-phenylalanine, p-methoxy-L-phenylalanine, p-iodo-L-phenylalanine, p-bromo-L-phenylalanine, and L-3-(2-naphthyl)alanine. The absorbance and emission maxima of the resulting mutant GFPs span the range from 375 to 435 nm and 428 to 498 nm, respectively. The spectral properties of the mutant GFPs, including the absorbance and fluorescence maxima and quantum yields, correlate with the structural and electronic properties of the substituents on the amino acids.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Ashok A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Deniz
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Schultz
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D014443:Tyrosine