title: [Synergetic effect of mitogen-activated protein kinase pathway on expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha gene in RAW 264.7 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the molecular mechanism of the synergetic effect of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway on expression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TFG-alpha) gene in murine monocyte (RAW264.7 cells) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
  
  
  METHODS
  RAW264.7 cells were cultured, transfected with vectors with mutants of different constitutively active MAPK kinases, i. e., ERK, JNK, and p38, vectors with inactivated mutants of MAPK kinase, and murine TNF-alpha driven report gene pGL2TNFLuc, and then stimulated by LPS. Protein kinase assay was used to analyze the activity of MAPKs. Western blotting was used to detect the amount of target proteins. RT-PCR was used to detect the influence of the MEK/REK inhibitor PD98059, JNK inhibitor SP600125, and p38 inhibitor SB203580 on the expression of TNF-alpha gene induced by LPS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ERK1, JNK1, and p38 MAPKs were transiently activated by LPS. After the vectors with activated MAPK mutants were co-transfected with murine TNF-alpha driven report gene pGL2TNFLuc into RAW264.7 cells, the transcription activity of TNF-alpha promoter was induced to different degrees. After the vectors with inactivated MAPK mutants were co-transfected with murine TNF-alpha driven report gene pGL2TNFLuc into RAW264.7 cells, the transcription activity of TNF-alpha promoter was inhibited.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transactivity of TNF-alpha promoter stimulated by LPS involves ERK, JNK, and p38 pathways. These three major MAPK pathways exert synergetic effects on the gene regulation of TNF-alpha expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology and Key Laboratory for Shock and Microcirculation of People's Liberation Army, First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China. yjiang@public.guangzhou.gd.cn
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qinghe
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Zhimin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000873:Anthracenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D007093:Imidazoles; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011725:Pyridines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C432165:pyrazolanthrone; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one