CtBP family proteins: more than transcriptional corepressors.
CtBP family proteins predominantly function as transcriptional corepressors. Studies with mutant mouse suggest that the two mouse genes, Ctbp1 and Ctbp2, play unique and redundant gene regulatory roles during development.1 Ctbp1-deficient mice are viable, but are small and die early, while Ctbp2 deficiency leads to embryonic lethality. Ctbp2-null mutation causes defects in axial patterning, heart morphogenesis and neural development. The Ctbp2 mutant phenotype is more severe in the absence of Ctbp1. The studies with Ctbp2 mutant embryos suggest that CtBP can also activate transcription. A plant CtBP homolog, Angustifolia (AN), has recently been identified.2,3 AN controls polar elongation of leaf cells via the microtubule cytoskeleton. Microarray analysis suggests that AN also functions as a transcriptional repressor. Thus, the CtBP family proteins control cellular processes by serving as transcriptional activators and regulators of the cytoskeleton as well as transcriptional corepressors.
Chinnadurai
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Institute for Molecular Virology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, 3681 Park Avenue, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. chinnag@slu.edu
D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010641:Phenotype; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; C111341:Ctbp2 protein, mouse; C096794:C-terminal binding protein