Human and porcine early kidney precursors as a new source for transplantation.
Kidney transplantation has been one of the major medical advances of the past 30 years. However, tissue availability remains a major obstacle. This can potentially be overcome by the use of undifferentiated or partially developed kidney precursor cells derived from early embryos and fetal tissue. Here, transplantation in mice reveals the earliest gestational time point at which kidney precursor cells, of both human and pig origin, differentiate into functional nephrons and not into other, non-renal professional cell types. Moreover, successful organogenesis is achieved when using the early kidney precursors, but not later-gestation kidneys. The formed, miniature kidneys are functional as evidenced by the dilute urine they produce. In addition, decreased immunogenicity of the transplants of early human and pig kidney precursors compared with adult kidney transplants is demonstrated in vivo. Our data pinpoint a window of human and pig kidney organogenesis that may be optimal for transplantation in humans.
Dekel
Benjamin
B
Department of Immunology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel.
Burakova
Tatyana
T
Arditti
Fabian D
FD
Reich-Zeliger
Shlomit
S
Milstein
Oren
O
Aviel-Ronen
Sarit
S
Rechavi
Gideon
G
Friedman
Nir
N
Kaminski
Naftali
N
Passwell
Justen H
JH
Reisner
Yair
Y
D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016513:Mice, SCID; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D038081:Organogenesis; D010802:Phylogeny; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014556:Urine
D017252:CD3 Complex; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1