title: Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography during pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the appearance of fetal and placental vascular anatomic structures by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-dimensional multiplanar imaging, surface rendering, and volume rendering were combined with power Doppler ultrasonography to show the methods, imaging artifacts, and diagnostic potential of this technology during pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fetuses with normal and abnormal vascular anatomic structures were evaluated by three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography. The combination of several imaging modalities (e.g., three-dimensional multiplanar imaging, surface rendering, and volume rendering) with power Doppler ultrasonography is shown.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three-dimensional power Doppler ultrasonography is an important adjunctive method that can be used to characterize normal vascular development and circulatory anomalies of the fetus.
authors.affiliation: Division of Fetal Imaging, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, William Beaumont Hospital, 3601 W Thirteen Mile Rd, Royal Oak, Ml 48073-6769, USA.
authors.forename: Wesley
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Karim D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Kalache
authors.forename: Tinnakorn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chaiworapongsa
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Londono
authors.forename: Marjorie C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Treadwell
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000098:blood supply*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D011247:Pregnancy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging