title: Regulation of muscarinic receptor function in developing oligodendrocytes by agonist exposure.
abstract: 1 Oligodendrocytes, the myelin forming cells in the CNS, express muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChR), primarily M3, coupled to various signal transduction pathways. 2 In the present study we have investigated whether mAChR undergo functional agonist-induced regulation in cultured oligodendrocyte progenitors and differentiated oligodendrocytes. 3 The muscarinic agonist, carbachol (CCh) caused a time-dependent desensitization of phosphoinositide (PI) hydrolysis, and the internalization and down-regulation of receptors. Short-time desensitization (5 min) of PI hydrolysis occurred without receptor internalization and reached 54% by 1 h. The same treatment decreased cell surface receptors labelled with the non-permeable ligand [(3)H]-NMS by 47%, while total receptor density ([(3)H]-scopolamine binding) decreased by 30%. Longer CCh treatment down-regulated receptors by 70% and desensitized the PI response by 80%. 4 Although protein kinase C (PKC) activation desensitized mAChR, CCh-mediated desensitization was independent of PKC. 5 Inhibition of receptor endocytosis by low temperature during the pre-stimulation period or in the presence of hyperosmotic sucrose (0.5 M) blocked desensitization, receptor internalization and down-regulation. 6 Recovery of surface mAChR and their functional activity following down-regulation was slow, returning to control levels by 24 h after agonist removal. In progenitor cells, dose-response curves for CCh-mediated PI hydrolysis and c-fos mRNA expression showed that newly synthesized mAChR were supersensitive after recovery. 7 Overall, the present results provide evidence of functional agonist-mediated mAChR regulation in brain oligodendroglial cells.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Cajal (CSIC), Avenida Doctor Arce 37, 28002 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molina-Holgado
authors.forename: Amani
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khorchid
authors.forename: Hsueh-Ning
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Guillermina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Almazan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016762:Genes, fos / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic / Q000378:metabolism*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D011976:Receptors, Muscarinic; D002217:Carbachol