title: GI complications after lung transplantation in patients with cystic fibrosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lung transplantation is now available for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and end-stage lung disease. While pulmonary graft function is often considered the major priority following transplantation, the nonpulmonary complications of this systemic disease also continue. We examined the GI complications in a cohort of patients who underwent transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective study of all patients with CF who underwent transplantation between March 1988 and December 1998 in Toronto. Medical records were reviewed, and a short questionnaire was mailed to patients who were alive as of December 1998.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 80 bilateral lung transplants performed in 75 patients. The questionnaire was distributed to 43 patients, of whom 27 patients (63%) responded. Pancreatic insufficiency requiring enzyme intake was evident in 72 of 75 patients (96%) at the time of surgery. Of three pancreatic-sufficient patients (4%), pancreatic insufficiency was diagnosed in two patients later. Biliary cirrhosis was diagnosed in three patients prior to transplantation. Distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS) was recorded for 15 patients (20%). Ten patients had a single episode, of which eight episodes occurred early in the postoperative period. Five patients had recurrent episodes. All were medically treated, except for two patients who underwent surgery. Other complications included cholecystitis (n = 3), mucocele of the appendix (n = 1), peptic ulcer disease (n = 3), and colonic carcinoma (n = 1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GI complications after lung transplantation are common in patients with CF, and attention should be paid to the risk for DIOS in the early postoperative period. Prevention and early medical treatment are important in order to avoid acute surgery. Close collaboration with the CF clinic, in order to diagnose and treat CF-related complications, is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg University, Goteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gilljam
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chaparro
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tullis
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Shaf
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keshavjee
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hutcheon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies