title: Crystal structure of an inactive Akt2 kinase domain.
abstract: Akt/PKB represents a subfamily of three isoforms from the AGC serine/threonine kinase family. Amplification of Akt activity has been implicated in diseases that involve inappropriate cell survival, including a number of human malignancies. The structure of an inactive and unliganded Akt2 kinase domain reveals several features that distinguish it from other kinases. Most of the alpha helix C is disordered. The activation loop in this structure adopts a conformation that appears to sterically hinder the binding of both ATP and peptide substrate. In addition, an intramolecular disulfide bond is observed between two cysteines in the activation loop. Residues within the linker region between the N- and C-terminal lobes also contribute to the inactive conformation by partially occupying the ATP binding site.
authors.affiliation: Amgen Cambridge Research Center, One Kendall Square, Building 1000, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. hxin@amgen.com
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Begley
authors.forename: Kurt A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Morgenstern
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Huilin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiaotian
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; C494921:AKT2 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases