title: Selective control of the estrous cycle of the dog through suppression of estrus and reduction of the length of anestrus.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of testosterone in suppressing estrus in the bitch, and of cabergoline in shortening the length of the subsequent anestrous period. In Experiment 1, 12 diestrual Beagle bitches were randomly divided into two groups when plasma progesterone (P(4)) concentration was <1 ng/ml (Day 0). Starting on Day 0, bitches in Group 1 (n=6) were treated with testosterone cypionate every 14 days for a total of 239 days, and bitches in Group 2 served as untreated controls. On Day 274, bitches in both groups were treated with cabergoline for 40 days and blood samples were obtained on Days 274, 276 and 279 for determination of plasma prolactin (PRL) concentrations using RIA. All bitches were observed for proestrual bleeding during treatment with cabergoline. In Experiment 2, 12 Greyhound bitches previously treated with testosterone within the last 6 months were randomly divided into two groups. At the initiation of this experiment, P(4) concentration was determined to verify that all bitches had a concentration of <1 ng/ml (Day 0). Starting on Day 0, bitches in Group 1 (n=6) were treated with cabergoline for 36 days, and bitches in Group 2 (n=6) served as untreated controls. Blood samples were obtained on Days 0, 2 and 5 to determine PRL concentrations. All bitches were observed for proestrual bleeding during treatment with cabergoline. In Experiment 1, one bitch (Group 1) exhibited estrus after treatment with testosterone (1mg/kg body weight) for 43 days, and one bitch (Group 1) exhibited estrus after treatment with testosterone (2mg/kg body weight) for 113 days. None of the other four bitches in Group 1 exhibited estrus during the period of testosterone treatment (239 days). All bitches in Group 2 (control) exhibited estrus during the 239 days of the study. In addition, five of the six testosterone-treated bitches showed signs of proestrual bleeding within an average of 12.6 days (range of 5-25 days) after treatment with cabergoline; and, four of the six nontestosterone bitches showed signs of proestrual bleeding within an average of 28 days (range of 6-46 days). Prolactin concentrations in bitches in both Groups 1 and 2 significantly decreased after treatment with cabergoline. In Experiment 2, one of the six bitches showed signs of proestrual bleeding within 15 days after treatment with cabergoline. From the results of this study, it was concluded that exogenous testosterone was moderately effective (66%) in suppressing estrus in Beagle bitches, and cabergoline was effective in shortening the length of the anestrous period of Beagle bitches whose estrous cycle was previously suppressed with exogenous testosterone, but less effective in shortening the length of the anestrous period in Greyhound bitches previously treated with testosterone to suppress estrus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0136, USA.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Strachan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Samuelson
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Shille
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Archbald
mesh_terms: D000780:Anestrus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000077465:Cabergoline; D004285:Dogs / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D004873:Ergolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004971:Estrus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D013739:Testosterone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004873:Ergolines; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D013739:Testosterone; D011374:Progesterone; D011388:Prolactin; D000077465:Cabergoline