title: ACBP and cholesterol differentially alter fatty acyl CoA utilization by microsomal ACAT.
abstract: Microsomal acyl CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) is stimulated in vitro and/or in intact cells by proteins that bind and transfer both substrates, cholesterol, and fatty acyl CoA. To resolve the role of fatty acyl CoA binding independent of cholesterol binding/transfer, a protein that exclusively binds fatty acyl CoA (acyl CoA binding protein, ACBP) was compared. ACBP contains an endoplasmic reticulum retention motif and significantly colocalized with acyl-CoA cholesteryl acyltransferase 2 (ACAT2) and endoplasmic reticulum markers in L-cell fibroblasts and hepatoma cells, respectively. In the presence of exogenous cholesterol, ACAT was stimulated in the order: ACBP > sterol carrier protein-2 (SCP-2) > liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP). Stimulation was in the same order as the relative affinities of the proteins for fatty acyl CoA. In contrast, in the absence of exogenous cholesterol, these proteins inhibited microsomal ACAT, but in the same order: ACBP > SCP-2 > L-FABP. The extracellular protein BSA stimulated microsomal ACAT regardless of the presence or absence of exogenous cholesterol. Thus, ACBP was the most potent intracellular fatty acyl CoA binding protein in differentially modulating the activity of microsomal ACAT to form cholesteryl esters independent of cholesterol binding/transfer ability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, Texas A&M University, TVMC College Station, TX 77843-4467, USA.
authors.forename: Hsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Minglong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Avery
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McIntosh
authors.forename: Friedhelm
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Ann B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Kier
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D026261:Diazepam Binding Inhibitor / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology; D000071438:Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D026261:Diazepam Binding Inhibitor; C493320:Fabp1 protein, mouse; C493321:Fabp1 protein, rat; C082667:Fabp5 protein, mouse; C086936:Fabp7 protein, mouse; C490174:Fabp7 protein, rat; D000071438:Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D002784:Cholesterol; D002785:Sterol O-Acyltransferase