[Pancreatic stem cells--a new therapeutic option for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus?].
The recent discovery of heretofore unknown, multipotential stem cells within the embryonic and adult islets of Langerhans suggests new therapeutic options for the treatment of diabetes mellitus type 1. These cells are characterised by the expression of the neural stem cell marker nestin and by their ability to differentiate ex vivo into pancreatic endocrine, exocrine and hepatic phenotypes with the expression of insulin, glucagon, amylase, cytokeratin-19 as well as liver specific proteins such as alpha-fetoprotein. The insulinotropic hormone glucagon-like peptide-1 enhances the differentiation of these nestin positive islet derived progenitor (NIP) cells into insulin secreting cells by activation of IDX-1, the key transcription factor for the differentiation into a beta-cell.
Zulewski
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Abteilung Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Klinische Ernährung, Departement Innere Medizin, Kantonsspital Basel, Basel. zulewski@bluewin.ch
D000328:Adult; D000681:Amylases / Q000032:analysis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000628:therapy*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology; D005453:Fluorescence; D005934:Glucagon / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064231:Nestin; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology*; D010641:Phenotype; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis
D007328:Insulin; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; C577484:NES protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064231:Nestin; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D007633:Keratins; D005934:Glucagon; D000681:Amylases