title: New treatment options for lymphangioma in infants and children.
abstract: Lymphangiomas are congenital malformations of the lymphatic system. These lesions occur most often in the head and neck area, and their treatment continues to be a challenge. Fortunately, a number of advances have occurred in the diagnosis and management of lymphatic malformations in the past decade. The purpose of this article is to clarify the embryology, pathogenesis, histopathology, and classification of these lesions, as well as to describe their various forms of clinical presentation. We provide a complete review of the diagnostic measures available and thoroughly discuss new therapeutic interventions proposed to treat lymphangiomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA.
authors.forename: Chantal M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Giguère
authors.forename: Nancy M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Bauman
authors.forename: Richard J H
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D002648:Child; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008202:Lymphangioma / Q000145:classification / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000196:embryology / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008487:Medical History Taking; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018579:Patient Selection; D010808:Physical Examination; D010844:Picibanil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013396:Suction; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C; D010844:Picibanil