title: Preparation of uniform titanium dioxide (TiO2) polystyrene-based composite particles using the glass membrane emulsification process with a subsequent suspension polymerization.
abstract: Uniform titanium dioxide (TiO(2))-polystyrene-based composite particles were prepared using the glass membrane emulsification process followed by a subsequent suspension polymerization. The oil phase, consisting of anatase TiO(2) fine powder, monomers, methyl laurate as the hydrophobic additive, Disperbyk-180 and the poly(styrene-co-2-ethyl hexylacrylate) were emulsified through the membrane pores into the aqueous phase containing stabilizers to form a (solid-in-oil)-in-water (S/O/W) emulsion of monomer droplets. The suspension polymerization was carried out at 343 K for 24 h under a nitrogen atmosphere. An SPG membrane with a pore size of 5.25 microm was employed and 20-25 microm TiO(2)-polystyrene based composite particles were obtained depending on the composition of polymerizing oil phase. The effects of the co-monomer, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate and the cross-linking agent, divinyl benzene on the dispersion stability of TiO(2) in the oil phase, the surface feature of the particle and the encapsulation loading were investigated in this study. The membrane emulsification process was capable of preparing the composite particles with approximately 5 wt% of TiO(2) encapsulated, which accounts for with at least 85 wt% of TiO(2) in the oil phase.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bio-Applications and Systems Engineering, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, 2-24-16 Nakamachi, Koganei, Tokyo, 184-8588, Japan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Supsakulchai
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Omi
mesh_terms: D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D004655:Emulsions; D005898:Glass; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008863:Microspheres; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D011208:Powders; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes; D011208:Powders; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium