title: Phosphatidylserine exposure in platelet concentrates during the storage period: differences between the platelets collected with different cell separators.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Platelet alterations occur during the production and storage of platelet concentrates, the so called "storage lesion". We studied the platelet alterations during the storage period in apheresis concentrates, employing flow cytometry for phosphatidylserine (PS) detection on platelets during the five days of storage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven single donor platelet concentrates harvested with the Cobe Trima, Baxter Amicus, or Haemonetics MCS+ were analyzed for PS exposure by flow cytometry on the day of production (day 1) and on days 3 and 5 of storage. Furthermore PS expression was analyzed in platelet donors' blood samples withdrawn before plateletpheresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PS expression on platelets gave the following median values: in blood donors before apheresis it was 1.12% (0.13-1.78) in platelets concentrates on the first day (2 h after apheresis) 2.06% (0.66-15.2), the third day 6.57% (1.98-51.13) and the fifth day 23.04% (3.86-80.23). All differences between median values of PS expression in blood samples before apheresis, and platelets concentrates on days 1, 3 and 5 of storage, are statistically significant. The expression of PS in platelet concentrates was analyzed in relation to the blood cell separator used for the collection procedure and showed the following results: on day 1 the median values of PS in platelet concentrates collected with the three different blood cell separators, Trima, Cobe and MCS, did not show statistically significant differences. On day 3, the platelets concentrates collected with the Trima and with the MCS showed differences that were statistically significant. Those were respectively 10.59% (4.56-51.13) and 3.53% (1.98-12.61), p = 0.005. The PS expression in platelet concentrates collected with the Trima and MCS showed differences that are also statistically significant on day 5 at respectively 32.4% (9.61-80.23) and 8.57% (3.86-48.42), p = 0.005.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PS exposure in platelet concentrates on days 3 and 5 rise to levels that could compromise the quality of the platelet units. Improvements in standardized platelet quality controls, and in platelet collection systems are required to reduce the storage lesions in platelets concentrates.
authors.affiliation: Immunohematology Laboratory, Chair of Hematology, Transfusion Center, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Largo Gemelli 8, Roma 00168, Italy. mlai@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rumi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Onofrio
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Puggioni
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Menichella
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Candido
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leone
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000737:chemistry*; D001793:Blood Preservation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000097:blood*; D010983:Plateletpheresis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011786:Quality Control; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008563:Membrane Lipids; D010718:Phosphatidylserines