title: Early identification of individuals at risk for antisocial personality disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antisocial personality disorder is usually preceded by serious and persistent conduct problems starting in early childhood, and so there is little difficulty in identifying an at-risk group.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To address six key areas concerning the relationship between early conduct problems and antisocial personality disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of recent research into early identification of and intervention in child conduct problems, following up to possible adult antisocial behaviour.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Conduct problems are predictive of antisocial personality disorder independently of the associated adverse family and social factors. Prediction could be aided through identification of subtypes of conduct problems. There is limited evidence on which children have problems that are likely to persist and which will improve; children who desist from early conduct problems and those with onset in adolescence are also vulnerable as adults.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The predictive power of the childhood precursors of antisocial personality disorder provides ample justification for early intervention. Greater understanding of subgroups within the broad category of antisocial children and adults should assist with devising and targeting interventions.
authors.affiliation: University Child Mental Health Unit, Mulberry House, Alder Hey Hospital, Eaton Road, Liverpool L12 2AP, UK. jonathan.hill@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004644:Emotions; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D016487:Parenting; D012307:Risk Factors