title: A comparison of lactated ringer's solution to hydroxyethyl starch 6% in a model of severe hemorrhagic shock and continuous bleeding in dogs.
abstract: In this randomized, controlled study in dogs, we examined the short-term effects of blood pressure targeted fluid resuscitation with colloids or crystalloids solutions on systemic oxygen delivery, and lactate blood concentration. Fluid resuscitation using hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 6% to a mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) of 60 mm Hg was compared with lactated Ringer's solution (LR) to a MAP of 60 or 80 mm Hg (LR60 and LR80, respectively). The model was one of withdrawal of blood to a MAP of 40 mm Hg through an arterial catheter that was then connected to a system allowing bleeding to occur throughout the study whenever MAP exceeded 40 mm Hg. Target MAP was maintained for 60 min with a continuous infusion of the designated fluid replacement. All 15 dogs (5 in each group) survived until the last measurement. Blood loss in the LR80 group (2980 +/- 503 mL) (all values mean +/- SD) was larger than in the LR60 and HES60 groups (1800 +/- 389 mL, and 1820 +/- 219 mL, respectively) (P < 0.001). Whereas 840 +/- 219 mL of HES60 was needed to maintain target MAP, 1880 +/- 425 mL of LR was needed in the LR60 group, and 4590 +/- 930 mL in the LR80 group (P < 0.001). Lactate blood concentrations were smaller and delivered O(2) higher in the HES60 group (35 +/- 17 mg/dL and 239 +/- 61 mL/min, respectively) in comparison to the LR60 group (89 +/- 18 mg/dL and 140 +/- 48 mL/min, respectively) and the LR80 group (75 +/- 23 mg/dL and 153 +/- 17 mL/min, respectively) (P = 0.02 and P = 0.026). In conclusion, fluid resuscitation during uncontrolled bleeding, to a target MAP of 60 mm Hg, using HES60 resulted in larger oxygen delivery and smaller systemic lactate A resuscitation to a target MAP of 60 or 80 mm Hg using LR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluid resuscitation to a target mean arterial blood pressure of 60 mm Hg during uncontrolled bleeding resulted in larger oxygen delivery and smaller systemic lactate concentrations when hydroxyethyl starch 6% was used, in comparison to lactated Ringer's solution resuscitation to a target mean arterial blood pressure of 60 or 80 mm Hg.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel (affiliated with the Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University).
authors.forename: Zeev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Haim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Berkenstadt
authors.forename: Sergei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Preisman
authors.forename: Azriel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000503:physiopathology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004285:Dogs; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012151:Resuscitation; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D012771:Shock, Hemorrhagic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D000077325:Ringer's Lactate; D019344:Lactic Acid; D010100:Oxygen