title: Abnormal reactions of free radicals and oxidative damages in the bodies of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the abnormal reactions of a series of free radicals and the oxidative damages induced by free radical abnormal reactions in the bodies of patients with chronic glomerulonephritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty chronic glomerulonephritis patients (CGNP) and eighty healthy adult volunteers (HAV) were enrolled in a random control study, in which concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) in plasma, lipoperoxides (LPO) in plasma and in erythrocytes, and vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE) and beta-carotene (beta-CAR) in plasma as well as activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPX) in erythrocytes were determined with spectrophotometric assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the average values of the above biochemical parameters in the HAV group, the average values of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes in the CGNP group were significantly increased (P = 0.0001), while those of VC, VE and beta-CAR in plasma as well as those of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the CGNP group were significantly decreased (P = 0.0001). Pearson product-moment correlation analysis showed that with increase of the concentration of blood creatinine as well as prolongation of the course of disease in the CGNP, the concentrations of NO in plasma, and LPO in plasma and erythrocytes in the CGNP increased gradually, while the concentrations of VC, VE and beta-CAR in plasma as well as the activities of SOD, CAT and GPX in erythrocytes in the CGNP decreased gradually (P = 0.002454-0.000001). The relative risk ratio (RR) of the above biochemical parameters reflecting oxidative damages in the bodies of CGNP ranged from 6.061 to 72.429. The reliability coefficient (alpha) that the above biochemical parameters were used to reflect the oxidative damages of the CGNP was 0.8137, standardized item alpha = 0.9728, Hotelling's T-Squared = 1135680.191, F = 53274.6478, P = 0.000001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings in this study show that in the bodies of CGNP a series of free radical chain reactions result in severe pathological aggravation and induce oxidative damages in their bodies. Therefore, suitable dose of antioxidants should be supplemented to them so as to alleviate oxidative damages in their bodies.
authors.affiliation: Second Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Hangzhou, 310009, Zhejiang, China. zhuojun88@sina.com
authors.forename: Jun-Fu
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jia-Xi
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Han-Chao
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002374:Catalase / Q000494:pharmacology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase