title: T and B lymphocyte subsets in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion: IVIG versus placebo treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate circulating lymphocyte subsets in women with recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) in relation to pregnancy outcome and to treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one women with a history of unexplained RSA were examined during first trimester of pregnancy before IVIG or placebo treatment and after pregnancy. The results were compared with five healthy, non-pregnant women and five women in the first trimester of normal pregnancy. Circulating lymphocyte subsets with focus on T-cell subpopulations were determined by flow cytometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The proportions of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR positive T cells (CD3+ HLA-DR+), T-killer/effector cells (CD8+ S6F1+) and B cells (CD19+) were increased, whereas the proportion of T-suppressor/inducer cells (CD4+ CD45RA+) was decreased during first trimester pregnancy of RSA women compared with pregnant normal controls. T and B lymphocyte subsets did not correlate with pregnancy outcome on either IVIG or placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In RSA patients, the immune system seems to be activated in contrast to the suppression noted in normal pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Health and Environment, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden. barbara.jablonowska@lio.se
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jablonowska
authors.forename: Miodrag
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palfi
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Matthiesen
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Selbing
authors.forename: Svante
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kjellberg
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ernerudh
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous