[Epizootic characteristic of rabies today].
During the 23 year period rabies was registered in the Moscow region in 163 cases among foxes, 22 cases among racoon-like dogs, 92 cases among dogs, 54 cases among cats. In 1991-2000 ten cases of rabies were registered among other wild animal other than foxes and raccoon-like dogs (hares, hedge-hogs, polecats, badgers, hamsters, martens, rats). Under today conditions the generalized epizootological pattern of rabies is characterized by the vector "natural foci-->anthropurgic foci" with wild and domestic animals playing an alternative role in the epizootic process and the circulation of the infective agent. Wild carnivorous animals maintain natural focal infection in time and space, while all domestic animals are a direct or indirect ecological impasse and took no part in the maintenance of the infection. Foxes are the main source of infection for the animals of the anthropurgic cycle: they play a special role in the development of the epizootic situation in the region as the main reservoir and source of the causative agent of rabies as a natural focal infection. Among other wild animals, raccoon-like dogs are involved into epizootic and epidemic chains. Dogs are the main objects to be infected in the anthropurgic cycles, while cats--a progressing group of risk. During the period of 25 years a decrease in the probability of natural rabies was noted.
Makarov
V V
VV
Peoples' Friendship University, Research Institute of Experimental Veterinary, Moscow, Russia.
Dzhupina
S I
SI
Vedernikov
V A
VA
Zavodskikh
A V
AV
Afonin
V N
VN
D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000835:Animals, Wild; D002335:Carnivora; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D002415:Cats; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D004285:Dogs; D005589:Foxes; D015994:Incidence; D011818:Rabies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D018881:Suburban Health