title: Sonography of the common bile duct and the gallbladder during ceruletid infusion.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated a new sonographic test to confirm or exclude partial common bile duct (CBD) obstruction, hereinafter called "dynamic cholangio-cholecysto sonography (DCCS)." Healthy controls (6) and patients with low- to intermediate probability for partial CBD obstruction (17) were investigated. DCCS started with three baseline masurements of gallbladder volume and CBD diameter, which were then repeated every 2 to 3 min for 45 min during a 30-min infusion of ceruletid. According to CBD diameter change during gallbladder contraction, DCCS was considered positive (> 1 mm), negative (< 0.5 mm) or equivocal (remainder). After DCCS, all patients underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP) and all but one patient had endoscopic sphincterotomy (EST). A follow-up examination was performed at least 4 weeks after ERCP. Based on these results, an outcome score was calculated to classify the patients as having a flow-relevant CBD obstruction or not. DCCS was true positive in 4 patients (sensitivity 66%, positive predictive value 100%). DCCS was false-negative in 1 patient and equivocal in another patient. DCCS was true-negative in 9 patients (specifity 82%, negative predictive value 90%). Two patients without flow-relevant CBD obstruction had equivocal DCCS test results. DCCS might be used as a noninvasive test for further workup of patients with low- to intermediate probability of flow relevant CBD obstruction, helping to avoid unnecessary ERCP and to serve as an additional indication for ERCP and EST.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Justus-Liebig University, Giessen, Germany. nils.hackstein@radiol.med.uni-giessen.de
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hackstein
authors.forename: Dinh-Nguyen
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hardt
authors.forename: Wigbert Stefan
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Rau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014670:Ampulla of Vater / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002108:Ceruletide; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001651:Cholestasis, Extrahepatic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003137:Common Bile Duct Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D002108:Ceruletide