title: Unilateral fungal and mycobacterial keratitis after simultaneous laser in situ keratomileusis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of unilateral fungal and mycobacterial keratitis after simultaneous laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK).
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report of a 37-year-old woman who developed corneal infiltrates located at the flap-stroma interface in her left eye 3 weeks after LASIK for myopia. The infiltration progressed despite topical antibiotic therapy; therefore, the flap was lifted and irrigated with antibiotic solution. Parallel corneal scrapings were taken. The patient's condition deteriorated, prompting a lamellar keratoplasty.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Corneal scrapings demonstrated no growth. Microbiologic cultures of the corneal specimen were reported as negative, whereas histopathologic examination disclosed fungal filaments. Two months later, the patient presented corneal infiltrates of the left eye again. Because the situation worsened despite therapy, a penetrating keratoplasty was performed. Histopathologic examination of the host cornea revealed no pathogenic species; microbiologic cultures, however, demonstrated Mycobacterium chelonae.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fungi and M. chelonae are rare and insidious causes of infectious keratitis after LASIK. Our case emphasizes the possible difficulties in diagnosing and treating a combined or subsequent infection with both species.
authors.affiliation: University Eye Clinic, P.O. Box, CH-4012 Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Mona
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pache
authors.forename: Isac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schipper
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Flammer
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003319:Corneal Stroma / Q000382:microbiology; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D015821:Eye Infections, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007634:Keratitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D020731:Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D016926:Mycobacterium chelonae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents