title: Comparison of the cardiovascular effects of intracellular cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-modulating agents in isoflurane-anesthetized cats.
abstract: The inotropic, chronotropic, and vasodilatory effects of five commonly used cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cAMP)-modulating agents were evaluated. Hemodynamic functions were measured continuously in isoflurane-anesthetized cats during infusion of the following: dobutamine (DOB; 2.5, 5 and 10 microg/kg/min; n=8), dopamine (DOP; 1.25, 2.5, 5 and 10 microg/kg/min; n=5), milrinone (MIL; 2.5, 5 and 10 microg/kg/min; n=8), 6-(3-dimethyl-aminopropionyl) forskolin hydrochloride (COL; 0.2, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.6 microg/kg/min; n=7), and bucladesine sodium (BUC; 10, 20, and 40 microg/kg/min; n=9). At the highest infusion rate, DOB and DOP produced the greatest positive inotropic (increase in left ventricular (LV) dP/dt = 89 +/- 4% and 75 +/- 6%, respectively) and chronotropic (increase in heart rate (HR) = 42 +/- 4% and 22 +/- 6%, respectively) effects. MIL and COL produced similar albeit less pronounced positive inotropic (increase in LV dP/dt = 18 +/- 3% and 22 +/- 6%, respectively) and chronotropic (increase in HR = 13 +/- 4% and 21 +/- 4%, respectively) effects. Both also had significant vasodilatory effects (decrease in peripheral resistance (PR) = -30 +/- 2% and -35 +/- 7%, respectively). In contrast, BUC produced only vasodilatation (decrease in PR = -33 +/- 6%). Hence, MIL, COL, and BUC had significant vasodilatory effects and less-pronounced inotropic effects than the catecholamines DOB and DOP. The vasodilatory effects of non-catecholamine drugs for treatment of congestive heart failure should translate into beneficial decreases in both pre-load and after-load. In contrast, the strong inotropic effects of DOB and DOP should be beneficial in the treatment of acute heart failure and anesthetic crisis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine & Animal Science, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aramaki
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uechi
authors.forename: Katsuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takase
mesh_terms: D000777:Anesthetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002415:Cats; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D020105:Milrinone / Q000494:pharmacology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004280:Dobutamine; D003994:Bucladesine; D007530:Isoflurane; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D020105:Milrinone; D004298:Dopamine