title: Formation of organic by-products during chlorination of natural waters.
abstract: Natural water from six sources in Mytilene, Greece, was chlorinated in order to identify and quantify some of the organic by-products formed. The compounds examined were trihalomethanes, haloacetic acids, haloacetonitriles, haloketones, chloral hydrate and chloropicrin. The factors tested were time and chlorine dose. The presence of bromide ion in some of the waters studied resulted in significant changes in the by-product speciation, with enhanced brominated species formation. In addition, UV absorbance, measured at three wavelengths, led to correlation of organic matter content with the concentrations of by-products produced. The species formed, varying among different water sources, increased with increasing chlorine dose. Most of the species also increased with increasing contact time, although there were some exceptions due to hydrolysis reactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Studies, University of the Aegean, Karadoni 17, 81100 Mytilene, Greece. nnikol@aegean.gr
authors.forename: Anastasia D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Nikolaou
authors.forename: Spyros K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Golfinopoulos
authors.forename: Themistokles D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Lekkas
mesh_terms: D017606:Chlorine Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D018508:Water Purification; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical