14-3-3 protein regulation of proton pumps and ion channels.
In addition to their regulation of cytoplasmic enzymes, the 14-3-3 proteins are important regulators of membrane localised proteins. In particular, many of the cells' ion pumps and channels are either directly or indirectly modulated by 14-3-3 proteins. Binding of 14-3-3 can lead to the activation of pump activity as in the case of the plasma membrane H+-ATPase or inhibition as in the case of the F-type ATP synthase complexes. 14-3-3 binding can also lead to surprising results such as the recruitment of 'sleepy' outward rectifiying K+ channels in tomato cells. Our present knowledge extends to an initial understanding of isoform-specific binding of 14-3-3 to certain membrane proteins and a perception of the protein kinases and phosphatases that maintain the regulatory process in a state of flux.
Bunney
Tom D
TD
Department of Developmental Genetics, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1087, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands.
van den Wijngaard
Paul W J
PW
de Boer
Albertus H
AH
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D000818:Animals; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000502:physiology; D004330:Drosophila / Q000502:physiology; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology; D017494:Proton Pumps / Q000378:metabolism*; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000502:physiology*; D031307:Vicia faba / Q000502:physiology
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D015221:Potassium Channels; D017494:Proton Pumps; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D006180:Proton-Translocating ATPases