title: Cytoagglutination and cytotoxicity of Wheat Germ Agglutinin isolectins against normal lymphocytes and cultured leukemic cell lines--relationship between structure and biological activity.
abstract: The relationships between degree of lectin-cell binding, cytotoxicity and cytoagglutinating activity of three Wheat Germ Agglutinin isolectins (WGA-1, WGA-2, WGA-3) against normal lymphocytes and cultured leukemic cell lines (Jurkat, MOLT-4, Raji, Daudi, K-562) were studied. All WGA-isolectins interacted in a similar degree with normal lymphocytes, while in the case of leukemic cells, the degree of isolectin-cell binding increased in the order: WGA-1< or =WGA-3<WGA-2 at isolectin concentrations 0.5 microM and higher, and WGA-3<WGA-2< or =WGA-1 at 0.25 microM isolectin concentration. The WGA interacted in higher degree with Jurkat, Raji, Daudi and K-562, followed by MOLT-4 and normal lymphocytes. The velocity of cytoagglutination in the presence of 0.25 microM WGA-isolectins increased in the order: WGA-3<WGA-2< or =WGA-1, and was better expressed in Jurkat, Raji, Daudi and K-562, followed by MOLT-4 and normal lymphocytes. The cytotoxicity of isolectins was very well expressed against Jurkat, MOLT-4, Raji and Daudi, and less expressed against K-562 and normal lymphocytes. In the case of leukemic cells, the cytotoxic effect of WGA-isolectins increased in the order: WGA-3<WGA-2=WGA-1. A very good positive correlation was determined between velocity of cytoagglutination and degree of lectin-cell binding (r=0.77, P<0.001). A good inverse correlation was found between cytotoxicity and degree of lectin-cell binding (r=-0.34, P<0.001), and poor correlation was observed between cytotoxicity and cytoagglutinating activity of WGA-isolectins (r=0.16, P<0.01). The results suggest that the WGA-isolectins, structurally distinguishable in only several amino acid sequences, interacted in different degrees with leukemic cells and manifested different cytoagglutinating and cytotoxic activity.
authors.affiliation: Natural Substance-Composed Materials Group, Institute for Structural and Engineering Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, AIST-Kyushu, 807-1 Shuku, Tosu, Saga, Kyushu 841-0052, Japan. h.ooba@aist.go.jp
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: Rumiana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bakalova
authors.forename: Michiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muraki
mesh_terms: D000372:Agglutination Tests; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D011485:Protein Binding; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014909:Wheat Germ Agglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D037102:Lectins; D014909:Wheat Germ Agglutinins; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate