title: Development and validation of a simulation model for blowfly strike of sheep.
abstract: A comprehensive simulation model for sheep blowfly strike due to Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera: Calliphoridae), which builds on previously published versions but also incorporates important new empirical data, is used to explain patterns of lamb and ewe strike recorded on 370 farms in south-west, south-east and central England and Wales. The model is able to explain a significant percentage of the variance in lamb strike incidence in all four regions, and ewe strike in three of the four regions. The model is able to predict the start of seasonal blowfly strike within one week in three of the four regions for both ewes and lambs, and within 3 weeks in the fourth region. It is concluded that the accuracy of the model will allow it to be used to assess the likely efficacy of new control techniques and the effects of changes in existing husbandry practices on strike incidence. The model could also be used to give sheep farmers advance warning of approaching strike problems. However, the ability to forecast future strike patterns is dependent on the accuracy of the weather projections; the more long-term the forecast, the more approximate the prediction is likely to be. When applied on a regional basis, model forecasts indicate expected average patterns of strike incidence and may not therefore be appropriate for individual farmers whose husbandry practices differ substantially from the average.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, UK. richard.wall@bristol.ac.uk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cruickshank
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Holme
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002980:Climate; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004175:Diptera / Q000502:physiology*; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D008297:Male; D009198:Myiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012621:Seasons; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D034561:Sheep, Domestic / Q000469:parasitology*; D014852:Wales / Q000453:epidemiology