title: [Utility of endoscopic follow-up after resection of colorectal cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients resected for colorectal cancer are at increased risk for an anastomotic recurrence, for adenomatous polyps and for a metachronous cancer. A regular colonoscopic surveillance in these patients is justified for early detection and potential resection of anastomotic recurrences, new primary cancer and adenomatous polyps.
  
  
  METHODS
  322 patients were observed and resected for colorectal cancer between 1970 and 1988, with complete staging agreed to be included in a follow-up program (median follow-up: 105 months). To December 1993 all the patients were submitted to colonoscopy once yearly for the first 5 years and then every 2 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Anastomotic recurrence was observed in 22 of the 253 patients who underwent resection for rectal or sigmoid adenocarcinoma (8.7%). Sixteen of these patients were submitted to a second curative resection with a median survival of 35 months; the median survival was 6 months in the 6 patients who could not undergo this operation (p = 0.0018). Metachronous adenomas of the residual colon were found in 24 patients (7.4%) and metachronous cancers in 5 (1.5%) at Stage A, according to Dukes' classification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients resected for rectal or sigmoid carcinoma, a sigmoidoscopy should be performed every 6 months for the first 2 years for the early detection of anastomotic recurrences. In all cases, a colonoscopy should be performed every 5 years after surgery to detect metachronous lesions at early stage. Before surgery, a "clean colon" should always be established to detect possible synchronous lesions.
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa di Gastroenterologia ed Endoscopia Digestiva, Polo Oncologico Istituto Regina Elena, Roma, Italia.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stigliano
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fracasso
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grassi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lapenta
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Citarda
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tomaselli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giannarelli
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Casale
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003082:Colectomy; D003113:Colonoscopy; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000517:prevention & control; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome