Situations and moods associated with smoking in everyday life.
On 4 days, in everyday situations, 21 female and 26 male smokers used an electronic diary to record situations and moods at times of smoking and at control nonsmoking occasions. Self-reports of particular locations, activities, posture, consumption, social context, moods, and internal states were specifically associated with smoking. Real-time assessments in everyday situations provide useful information about the interplay of environmental factors and internal states in smoking. The findings suggest that conditioning and learning processes play a role in smoking and should be considered in smoking cessation programs.
Shapiro
David
D
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1759, USA. dshapiro@ucla.edu
Jamner
Larry D
LD
Davydov
Dmitry M
DM
James
Porsha
P
D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012919:Social Behavior; D012931:Social Environment