title: [Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the prevalence, drug resistance, gene typing, and epidemicity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli isolates.
  
  
  METHODS
  559 strains of K. pneumoniae and 427 strains of E.coli were isolated form Huanshan Hospital from 1 January to 31 December 1999. The ESBL-producing strains were detected by double disc test and confirmed by minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC). The MIC of ESBL-producing strains was detected by agar dilution test. The beta-lactamase genes were detected by PCR. DNA fingerprinting was made by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of ESBL-producing strains was 51% among the isolated K. pneumoniae (285/559) and 23.6% among the isolated E. coli (101/427), most of which were collected from the patients in the intensive care unit and neurosurgical ward. 63.5% of the ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae strains were collected from sputum specimens, and 64.3% of the ESBL-producing E. coli strains were collected from the urine specimens. Most ESBL-producing strains were resistant to most beta-lactam antibiotics, including the third-generation cephalosporins, and non- beta-lactam antimicrobial drugs, such as fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, tetracycline, and chloramphenicol. Most of the ESBL-producing strains were susceptible to imipenam, cefmetazole, and beta-lactam antibiotic/clavulanic acid. TEM type beta-lactamase was the main type among those EBSL-producing strains, followed by SHV type and CTX-M type. Some ESBL-producing E. coli and most ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae produced more than one type of beta-lactamase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESBL-producing strains are common among hospital strains of E. coli and K. pneumoniae. Most of them are multidrug resistant. Prevalence and transmission of these strains exist in hospital.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Antibiotics, Huanshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China. Xiongzzh@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Zizhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Demei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yingyuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047090:beta-Lactams
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D047090:beta-Lactams; D001618:beta-Lactamases