title: Longitudinal investigation of soft palate and nasopharyngeal airway relations in different rotation types.
abstract: The relationship between the soft palate and the nasopharyngeal airway in different mandibular growth rotation models was investigated. A total of 72 lateral cephalograms were obtained three years longitudinally from 24 individuals. The subjects had a mean age of 10.7 +/- 1.2 years and showed a normal (n = 8), posterior (n = 8), and anterior (n = 8) mandibular rotation pattern. Linear and angular measurements of the soft palate and nasopharyngeal airway were recorded by using PORDIOS computer program and were examined by means of descriptive statistics and paired t-tests. A linear increase in the soft palate length (SPL) was observed in all groups, with the posterior mandibular rotation group showing the largest increase within the observation period (28.56 +/- 4.83 to 34.98 +/- 2.87; P < .01). According to the paired t-test, palatal plane (ANS-PNS)/soft palate tip (SPT) angle showed a statistically significant decrease in the posterior rotation group (P < .01). The ratio between SPL and superior nasopharyngeal space (SPS) did not show a statistically significant difference among the groups. Although various amounts of soft palate and nasopharyngeal airway growth occurred in the different mandibular rotation types, the ratio between SPL and SPS (SPL/SPS), which plays an indispensable role in velopharyngeal functions, did not show a statistically significant difference in the groups. This assured velopharyngeal closure throughout the active growth period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey. akcam@dentistry.ankara.edu.tr
authors.forename: M Okan
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Akcam
authors.forename: T Ufuk
authors.initials: TU
authors.lastname: Toygar
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wada
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development*; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000254:growth & development*; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D012016:Reference Values; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*