title: Chronic cardiovascular and renal actions of leptin during hyperinsulinemia.
abstract: Hyperinsulinemia and hyperleptinemia occur concurrently in obese subjects, and both have been suggested to mediate increased blood pressure associated with excess weight gain. The goal of this study was to determine whether chronic hyperleptinemia exacerbates the effects of insulin on arterial pressure and renal function. Group I and II rats were infused with insulin (1.5 mU. kg(-1). min(-1)) for 21 days while maintaining euglycemia. After 7 days of insulin infusion, group II rats received leptin (1.0 microg. kg(-1). min(-1)) for 7 days, concomitant with insulin. Insulin plus glucose infusion reduced food intake to 55 +/- 7% of control, while leptin + insulin lowered food intake further to 22 +/- 4% of the initial control. Insulin initially raised mean arterial pressure (MAP) by 12 +/- 1 mmHg; then MAP declined to 5-8 mmHg above control during continued hyperinsulinemia. Leptin + insulin infusion increased MAP by 7 +/- 2 mmHg above the level observed in rats infused with insulin alone. Insulin raised heart rate (HR) by 17 +/- 5 beats/min, whereas leptin + insulin increased HR by 34 +/- 5 beats/min. Thus leptin appears to increase the effects of insulin to suppress appetite and to raise arterial pressure and HR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, USA. jkuo@physiology.umsmed.edu
authors.forename: Jay J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: O Barrett
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000187:drug effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects*; D020738:Leptin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin