title: Trefoil peptides as proangiogenic factors in vivo and in vitro: implication of cyclooxygenase-2 and EGF receptor signaling.
abstract: We previously established that the trefoil peptides (TFFs) pS2, spasmolytic polypeptide, and intestinal trefoil factor are involved in cellular scattering and invasion in kidney and colonic cancer cells. Using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay and the formation of tube-like structures by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) plated on the Matrigel matrix substratum, we report here that TFFs are proangiogenic factors. Angiogenic activity of TFFs is comparable to that induced by vascular endothelial growth factor, leptin, and transforming growth factor-alpha. Stimulation of angiogenesis by pS2 in the CAM assay is blocked by pharmacological inhibitors of cyclooxygenase COX-2 (NS-398) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGF-R) tyrosine kinase (ZD1839), but is independent of KDR/Flk-1 and thromboxane A2 receptors. In contrast, the morphogenic switch induced by pS2 in HUVEC cells could be inhibited by the specific KDR heptapeptide antagonist ATWLPPR and by inhibitors of COX-2 and EGF-R signaling. These results implicate TFFs in the formation of new blood vessels during normal and pathophysiological processes linked to wound healing, inflammation, and cancer progression in the digestive mucosa and other human solid tumors associated with aberrant expression of TFFs.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U482, Signal Transduction and Cellular Functions in Diabetes and Digestive Cancers, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 75571 Paris Cedex 12, France.
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Aken
authors.forename: Saskia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Bocxlaer
authors.forename: Samir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Attoub
authors.forename: Quang-Dé
authors.initials: QD
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bruyneel
authors.forename: Bruce R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Westley
authors.forename: Felicity E B
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thim
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mareel
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gespach
authors.forename: Shahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Emami
mesh_terms: D000482:Allantois / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002196:Capillaries / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002823:Chorion / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077156:Gefitinib; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009024:Morphogenesis; D009077:Mucins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D009479:Neuropeptides; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000071164:Trefoil Factor-2; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006133:Growth Substances; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009077:Mucins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D010455:Peptides; D011799:Quinazolines; D013449:Sulfonamides; C099037:TFF3 protein, rat; C000604008:Tff2 protein, rat; D000071164:Trefoil Factor-2; D000071165:Trefoil Factor-3; C080955:N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D000077156:Gefitinib