title: HCV replication in PBMC and its influence on interferon therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study hepatic virus C (HCV) RNA and HCV protein expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of patients with HCV infection, and explore the relationship between the HCV RNA in the PBMCs and response to interferon (IFN) therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Type-specific primers were designed and RT-nested PCR was used to detect the plus- and minus- strands of HCV RNA in PBMCs of 54 patients with HCV infection; Indirect immunofluorescence assay was applied to identify HCVNS5 protein expression in PBMCs; 6 month-, 3 MU-IFN regiment was administrated to observe the responses to IFN in 35 chronic hepatitis C patients with different HCV RNA status in PBMCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HCV plus strand RNA was found in 10 of 19 (52.6 %) acute hepatitis C patients and 22 of 35 (62.9 %) chronic hepatitis C patients. HCV minus strand RNA was detected in 14 of 35 (40.0 %) chronic hepatitis C patients, but only one patient (5.3 %) with acute HCV infection was found to be minus HCV RNA positive. Though no HCV NS5 protein expression was found in the examined 10 cases of acute HCV infection, it was positive in 17 of 20 (85.0 %) chronic hepatitis C patients by indirect immunofluorescence assay. There are significant differences of positive rate of the minus-strand and HCVNS5 protein between acute and chronic hepatitis C groups (u=2.07, P<0.05 and u=4.43, P<0.01 respectively). The patients with minus-strand HCV RNA showed a significantly lower 6-month sustained response (SR-6) to IFN compared to those without minus-strand HCVRNA in PBMCs (biologically 14.3 % vs 42.8 %, chi(2)=4.12, P<0.05 and virologically 7.1 % vs 23.9 %, chi(2)=4.24, P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HCV is capable of infecting and replicating in PBMCs, and HCVNS5 protein was expressed in PBMCs. The patients with minus strand HCV RNA in PBMCs showed a significantly lower 6-month sustained response to IFN, suggesting that minus-strand HCV RNA in PBMCs may be one of the factors influencing response to IFN therapy.
authors.affiliation: Center for Liver Diseases, Second Xiangya Hospital, Xiangya Medical School, Central South University, 86 Middle Renmin Street, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China. guozhong_gong@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Guo-Zhong
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Li-Ying
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Yong-Fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xian-Shi
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000502:physiology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000821:virology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007372:Interferons