title: Effects of low-toxicity particulate matter on human nasal function.
abstract: Chronic nasal and paranasal sinus problems affect approximately 15% of the population in industrialized countries. Recent studies suggest that particulate matter might contribute to this condition. The effects of acute exposure to low-toxicity particulate matter on human nasal airflow, mucociliary transport, and nasal discomfort should be assessed. Thirty-two healthy volunteers were exposed to 0 (control), 500, 1000, and 5000 micrograms/m3 calcium carbonate dust for 3 hours and nasal saccharin transport time (STT), rhinomanometry, and visual analog scales (VAS) on nasal discomfort were obtained. A dose dependent decrease of STT (P = 0.02) and nasal patency (P = 0.04), and increased sensation of nasal obstruction (P = 0.002) and dryness (P = 0.03) was observed. The results indicate that acute exposure to low-toxicity particulate matter in concentrations frequently encountered in western agglomeration areas may affect nasal functions and cause nasal symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Ulm, Medical School, Prittwitzstr. 43, Ulm 89075, Germany. herbert.riechelmann@medizin.uni-ulm.de
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Riechelmann
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rettinger
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weschta
authors.forename: Tilman
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keck
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deutschle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance; D009666:Nose / Q000502:physiology*; D010316:Particle Size; D025363:Rhinomanometry
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants