title: Increase of morphine withdrawal in mice lacking A2a receptors and no changes in CB1/A2a double knockout mice.
abstract: CB1 cannabinoid and A2a adenosine receptors are highly expressed in the central nervous system where they modulate numerous physiological processes including emotional behaviour and the responses of several drugs of abuse. To investigate the contribution of these receptors in emotional-like responses and opioid dependence we have generated CB1/A2a double deficient mice (CB1-/-/A2a-/-). The spontaneous locomotor activity was reduced in double knockout as compared to wild-type animals. Emotional-like responses of CB1-/-/A2a-/- mice were investigated using the elevated plus-maze and the lit-dark box. Mutant mice exhibited an increased level of anxiety in both behavioural models. The specific involvement of CB1 and A2a receptors in morphine dependence was evaluated by using A2a knockout mice and CB1/A2a double mutant mice. The severity of naloxone-precipitated morphine withdrawal syndrome was significantly increased in the absence of A2a adenosine receptors whereas no modifications were observed in the double knockout mice. These results suggest that both receptors participate in the control of emotional behaviour and seem to play an opposite role in the expression of opioid physical dependence.
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Neurofarmacologia, Facultat de Ciències de la Salut i de la Vida, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, C/Doctor Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berrendero
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Castañé
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ledent
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parmentier
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Valverde
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009020:Morphine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009154:Mutation; D009270:Naloxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009294:Narcotics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009294:Narcotics; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D018047:Receptors, Purinergic P1; D009270:Naloxone; D009020:Morphine