title: Removal of urinary catheter on postoperative day 3 or 4 after radical retropubic prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility and safety of removing the urinary catheter on postoperative day (POD) 3 or 4 after radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2001 and August 2001, gravity cystography was performed on POD 3 or 4 after RRP by a single surgeon (H.L.) on 151 men. The urinary catheter was removed on POD 3 or 4 providing no extravasation was evident on cystography. Urinary catheters were replaced over a guidewire placed into the bladder under flexible cystoscopic guidance in cases of acute urinary retention (AUR). Continence was assessed at 3 months after RRP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 151 cystograms performed on POD 3 or 4, 116 (76.8%) revealed no evidence of extravasation. The indwelling catheters were removed in 114 of these cases (98.3%). Twenty-two (19.3%) of the 114 men whose catheters were removed on POD 3 or 4 developed AUR within 48 hours of catheter removal, requiring catheter replacement. Two of these patients required repeated surgery secondary to complications related to AUR. At 3 months after RRP, 75% of the men whose catheters were removed on POD 3 or 4 required no pads or a single pad during a 24-hour interval, and 77.6% reported none or slight bother from incontinence. Of the 37 men whose catheters were removed on POD 7 or later, 1 patient (2.7%) developed AUR, and the catheter was replaced without complications. At 3 months after RRP, 65.7% of men whose catheters were removed on POD 7 or later required no pads or a single pad during a 24-hour interval, and 71.4% reported none or slight bother from incontinence. The incidence of anastomotic stricture in men whose catheters were removed on POD 3 or 4 and POD 7 or later was 12.1% and 22.6%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most men will have a watertight anastomosis on POD 3 or 4 after RRP. Early catheter removal does not have a negative impact on continence or the rate of anastomotic strictures. Because of the high incidence of AUR, requiring replacement of the urinary catheter, and the potential for disruption of the anastomosis or bladder neck reconstruction, we currently recommend delaying catheter removal until POD 7 or later.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Rupa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lepor
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D020878:Device Removal; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D013997:Time Factors; D014521:Urethra / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery