title: Detection of human viruses in patients with chronic periodontitis and the relationship between viruses and clinical parameters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies have demonstrated that various human viruses, especially cytomegalovirus (HCMV), Epstein-Barr virus type-1 (EBV-1), and herpes simplex virus (HSV), seem to play a part in the pathogenesis of human periodontitis. Little information is available on the relationship between these viruses and clinical periodontal parameters in patients with chronic periodontitis. This study examined the occurrence of HCMV, EBV-1, and HSV in patients with chronic periodontitis and the relationship between these viruses and clinical parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  A nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method determined the presence of HCMV, EBV-1, and HSV. Subgingival plaque samples from 30 patients with chronic periodontitis and 21 randomly selected healthy controls were collected by paper points, and clinical measurements were recorded from both sampling sites and entire dentition. The following indices were measured: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment loss (CAL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HCMV was detected in 44.3% of chronic periodontitis patients and 14.3% of healthy persons (P < 0.05); EBV-1 in 16.7% of chronic periodontitis patients and 14.3% of healthy persons (P = 1.00); and HSV in 6.7% of chronic periodontitis patients and in no healthy persons. HCMV and EBV-1 detected and undetected sites in patients with periodontitis showed statistically significant differences in sampling clinical depth (SPD) and sampling clinical attachment loss (SCAL). Differences in the measurements of PI of entire dentition and GI of entire dentition between HSV detected and undetected sites were statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings of the present study confirm the frequent presence of HCMV in crevicular samples of chronic periodontitis lesions, and suggest a strong relationship between the presence of HCMV and EBV-1 in subgingival areas and the measurements of probing depth and probing attachment loss.
authors.affiliation: Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Department of Periodontology, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Işil
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saygun
authors.forename: Sermet
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sahin
authors.forename: Atilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Bolent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kurtiş
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yapar
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kubar
authors.forename: Gönen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ozcan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000821:virology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000821:virology; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000821:virology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral