title: The efferent connections of the pupillary constriction area in the rat medial frontal cortex.
abstract: This study investigated, in the rat, the efferent projections of the pupillary constriction area, which is located within the medial frontal cortex. In order to identify the location of the pupillary constriction area, in preliminary experiments the medial frontal cortex was microstimulated. Intracortical microstimulation elicited pupillary constriction in a thin strip of cortex near the interhemispheric fissure and bordering the frontal eye field and vibrissae area of the somatomotor cortex. Seven animals received a single iontophoretic injection of Phaseolus vulgaris leucoagglutinin in the pupillary constriction area. In these cases, anterogradely labelled fibres and terminal-like elements were found in both hemispheres. The densest labeling was seen in several areas of the injected hemisphere, where labeled fibers prevailed in the secondary visual cortex. Dense labeled fibers were also found in the retrosplenial and cingulate cortex. In the thalamus, labeled fibers were seen in the intralaminar nuclei and posterior nuclear group. In the midbrain and pons, labeled fibers were located in the anterior pretectal area, superior colliculus and in the dorsolateral portion of the central gray. Contralaterally to the injection site, labeled fibers were distributed in the homotopic region. These findings led us to assume that, in the medial frontal cortex of the rat, besides controlling pupillary constriction, the pupillary constriction area may also be involved in controlling orientation and exploring behavior.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche e Terapie Avanzate, Sezione di Fisiologia umana, Università di Ferrara, Via Fossato di Mortara 17/19, I-44100 Ferrara, Italy. gnp@unife.it
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Guandalini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004525:Efferent Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D015877:Miosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques
chemical_list: D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; C100156:leukoagglutinins, plants