title: Can salivary composition and high flow rate explain the low caries rate in children with familial dysautonomia?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Extremely low caries rate and increased major salivary gland flow rare have been previously reported in children with familial dysautonomia (FD). The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility that, in addition to increased salivary flow, children with FD have alterations in their salivary components, which may suggest an explanauon to their low caries rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Whole unstimulated and stimulated saliva samples were collected from 13 children with FD who were found to be caries free, and from 28 age- and ethnic-matched healthy children, 15 caries-free children and 13 caries-affected children. The electrolyte and protein content of the unstimulated saliva and the microbial count and buffering capacity of the stimulated saliva were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with FD had the highest salivary flow rate and the lowest levels of mutans streptococci and lactobacilli, as well as the lowest concentration of chloride, magnesium, total protein and IgA. Healthy caries-affected children displayed the highest mutans streptococci and lactobacilli levels and lysozyme concentration, concomitantly with the lowest potassium and calcium concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this investigation suggest that the caries-free state in FD may be associated with high salivary flow rate, while in healthy children, low caries rate may be associated with high salivary calcium concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, The Maurice and Gabriela Goldschleger School of Dental Medicine Tel Aviv, Israel. elimas@post.tau.ac.il
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mass
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gadoth
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harell
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolff
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002021:Buffers; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002712:Chlorides / Q000032:analysis; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004245:DMF Index; D004402:Dysautonomia, Familial / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000032:analysis; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000254:growth & development; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009113:Muramidase / Q000032:analysis; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis; D012636:Secretory Rate / Q000502:physiology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D002712:Chlorides; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D009113:Muramidase; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium