title: Differential regulation of cathepsin S and cathepsin L in interferon gamma-treated macrophages.
abstract: Cathepsin S (catS) and cathepsin L (catL) mediate late stages of invariant chain (Ii) degradation in discrete antigen-presenting cell types. Macrophages (Mphis) are unique in that they express both proteases and here we sought to determine the relative contribution of each enzyme. We observe that catL plays no significant role in Ii cleavage in interferon (IFN)-gamma-stimulated Mphis. In addition, our studies show that the level of catL activity is significantly decreased in Mphis cultured in the presence of IFN-gamma whereas catS activity increases. The decrease in catL activity upon cytokine treatment occurs despite the persistence of high levels of mature catL protein, suggesting that a specific inhibitor of the enzyme is up-regulated in IFN-gamma-stimulated peritoneal Mphis. Similar inhibition of activity is observed in dendritic cells engineered to overexpress catL. Such enzymatic inhibition in Mphis exhibits only partial dependence upon Ii and therefore, other mechanisms of catL inhibition are regulated by IFN-gamma. Thus, during a T helper cell type 1 immune response catL inhibition in Mphis results in preferential usage of catS, such that major histocompatibility complex class II presentation by all bone marrow-derived antigen-presenting cell is regulated by catS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University of Washington, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Courtney
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beers
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honey
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Forbush
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rudensky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte / Q000378:metabolism; D056668:Cathepsin L; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000944:Antigens, Differentiation, B-Lymphocyte; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C045084:invariant chain; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D002403:Cathepsins; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D056668:Cathepsin L; C534278:Ctsl protein, mouse; C028217:cathepsin S