title: Multidrug resistance transporters in the olfactory receptor neurons of Xenopus laevis tadpoles.
abstract: Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) are the only class of neurons that is directly exposed to the environment. Therefore, they need to deal with xenobiotic and potentially cytotoxic substances. Here we show for the first time that ORNs possess transporter systems that expel xenobiotics across the plasma membrane. Using calcein and calcium-indicator dyes as xenobiotics, we demonstrate that ORNs appear to express the multidrug resistance P-glycoprotein (MDR1) and multidrug resistance-associated proteins (MRP). This endows ORNs with the ability to transport a large number of substrates including calcium-indicator dyes and calcein across their plasma membranes. Conversely, blocking P-glycoprotein and MRP increases the net uptake of these dyes.
authors.affiliation: Physiologisches Institut, Universität Göttingen, Humboldtallee 23, 37073 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Manzini
authors.forename: Detlev
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schild
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D016257:Fura-2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007814:Larva / Q000378:metabolism; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000294:innervation; D018034:Olfactory Receptor Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D002118:Calcium; D005452:Fluoresceins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D016257:Fura-2; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C049925:fura-2-am; C071336:calcium green; C007740:fluorexon