title: Superoxide anions induce the maturation of human dendritic cells.
abstract: Dendritic cells play a key role in immune responses. There is growing evidence that reactive oxygen species participate in signaling pathways involving nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB, leading to expression of important immune system genes. We found that, unlike H2O2, reactive oxygen species generated by the reaction of oxidase on xanthine induced early phenotypic maturation of dendritic cells by upregulating specific markers CD80, CD83, and CD86 and downregulating mannose receptor-mediated endocytosis. Maturation induced by xanthine oxidase was prevented by allopurinol, an inhibitor of xanthine oxidase activity, and by N-acetylcysteine. The proteasome inhibitor MG-132, which blocks NF-kappaB activation, also inhibited CD86 upregulation, but not endocytosis downregulation by reactive oxygen species. Finally, xanthine-xanthine oxidase enhanced or blocked antigen presentation by dendritic cells depending on whether they had been prepulsed or not with the antigen. Taken together, these results demonstrate that oxidative stress induces phenotypic and functional maturation of dendritic cells, partly through an NF-kappaB-dependent mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland. Salome.Kantengwa@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: Salome
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kantengwa
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jornot
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Devenoges
authors.forename: Laurent P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Nicod
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000276:immunology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000276:immunology*; D019820:Xanthine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; D019820:Xanthine; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase