title: Uniformly sized molecularly imprinted polymer for (S)-nilvadipine. Comparison of chiral recognition ability with HPLC chiral stationary phases based on a protein.
abstract: Uniformly sized molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) for (S)-nilvadipine have been prepared by a multistep swelling and polymerization method using methacrylic acid, 2-(trifluoromethyl)acrylic acid, 2-vinylpyridine, or 4-vinylpyridine (4-VPY) as a functional monomer and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EDMA) as a cross-linker. The chiral recognition abilities of the MIPs for nilvadipine and other dihydropyridine calcium antagonists were evaluated using a mixture of sodium phosphate buffer (or water) and acetonitrile or only acetonitrile as the mobile phase. The (S)-nilvadipine-imprinted 4-VPY-co-EDMA polymers gave the highest resolution for nilvadipine among the MIPs prepared. In addition, the enantioseparation of nilvadipine was attained using the (S)-nilvadipine-imprinted EDMA polymers, without use of a functional monomer. 1H NMR and molecular modeling studies suggested a one-to-one hydrogen-bonding-based complex formation of (S)-nilvadipine with 4-VPY in chloroform. These results reveal that the (S)-nilvadipine-imprinted EDMA polymers could recognize the template molecule by its molecular shape, and that in addition to this recognition, hydrophobic and hydrogen-bonding interactions seems to play important roles in the retention and chiral recognition of nilvadipine on the 4-VPY-co-EDMA polymers in hydroorganic mobile phases. By optimizing chromatographic conditions such as column temperature and flow rate, the baseline separation of nilvadipine enantiomers was attained with a short analysis time and with a column efficiency comparable to commercially available chiral stationary phases based on a protein, such as ovomucoid or alpha1-acid glycoprotein.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, 11-68, Koshien Kyuban-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan.
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Haruyo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sanbe
authors.forename: Chino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kagawa
authors.forename: Ko-Ki
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kunimoto
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hagina
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D011108:Polymers; D011506:Proteins; C035100:nilvadipine; D009543:Nifedipine