title: Components of the Rb pathway are critical targets of UV mutagenesis in a murine melanoma model.
abstract: Epidemiological studies support a link between melanoma risk and UV exposure early in life, yet the molecular targets of UV's mutagenic actions are not known. By using well characterized murine models of melanoma, we provide genetic and molecular evidence that identifies components of the Rb pathway as the principal targets of UV mutagenesis in murine melanoma development. In a melanoma model driven by H-RAS activation and loss of p19(ARF) function, UV exposure resulted in a marked acceleration in melanoma genesis, with nearly half of these tumors harboring amplification of cyclin-dependent kinase (cdk) 6, whereas none of the melanomas arising in the absence of UV treatment possessed cdk6 amplification. Moreover, UV-induced melanomas showed a strict reciprocal relationship between cdk6 amplification and p16(INK4a) loss, which is consistent with the actions of UV along the Rb pathway. Most significantly, UV exposure had no impact on the kinetics of melanoma driven by H-RAS activation and p16(INK4a) deficiency. Together, these molecular and genetic data identify components of the Rb pathway as critical biological targets of UV-induced mutagenesis in the development of murine melanoma in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Karuppiah
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kannan
authors.forename: Norman E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Sharpless
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ronan C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: O'Hagan
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bosenberg
authors.forename: Lynda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051361:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D008545:Melanoma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C417743:Cdkn2a protein, mouse; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; C495912:Cdk6 protein, mouse; D051361:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 6; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; D018631:ras Proteins