title: Prevention of transthyretin amyloid disease by changing protein misfolding energetics.
abstract: Genetic evidence suggests that inhibition of amyloid fibril formation by small molecules should be effective against amyloid diseases. Known amyloid inhibitors appear to function by shifting the aggregation equilibrium away from the amyloid state. Here, we describe a series of transthyretin amyloidosis inhibitors that functioned by increasing the kinetic barrier associated with misfolding, preventing amyloidogenesis by stabilizing the native state. The trans-suppressor mutation, threonine 119 --> methionine 119, which is known to ameliorate familial amyloid disease, also functioned through kinetic stabilization, implying that this small-molecule strategy should be effective in treating amyloid diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and The Skaggs Institute of Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hammarström
authors.forename: R Luke
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Wiseman
authors.forename: Evan T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: Jeffery W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D000686:Amyloidosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D011228:Prealbumin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D017510:Protein Folding; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D021122:Protein Subunits; D013489:Suppression, Genetic; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D011228:Prealbumin; D021122:Protein Subunits