title: Dystocia in a referral hospital setting: approach and results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dystocia in the mare is an emergency in which duration has a profound effect on survival of the foal. Specific examination of the effects of dystocia duration on foal survival provides information to enable horse care personnel and veterinarians to manage these cases more effectively and maximise the chances of obtaining a live foal.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Dystocia duration would have a negative impact on foal survival while method of dystocia resolution would not have an effect on foal survival. Additionally, we were interested in determining the effects of dystocia on subsequent fertility.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the years 1986-1999, 247 dystocias were admitted. Of these, 91 % resulted in survival and discharge of the mare, 42% in delivery of a live foal, and 29% of foals survived to discharge. Period from hospital arrival to delivery for foals alive at discharge (23.0 +/- 14.1 mins) was not significantly different than for foals not surviving (24.8 +/- 10.6 mins) (P > 0.05); and from chorioallantoic rupture to delivery for foals alive at discharge (71.7 +/- 343 mins) was significantly less than for foals not surviving (853 +/- 37.4 mins) (P < 0.05). Average predystocia live foaling rates for all mares with available records was 84%. Overall post dystocia live foaling rates over the entire period of this study were 67%. Of mares bred in the year of the dystocia, 59% had a live foal in the year following.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on these results, dystocia duration has a significant effect on foal survival and resolution methods should be chosen to minimise this time, as the difference between mean dystocia duration for foals that lived and those that did not in this study was 13.6 mins. Post dystocia foaling rates reported here are higher than previously reported for both same-season and overall breedings, indicating same-season breeding may be rewarding for select dystocia cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dystocia resolution methods that minimise delivery time may maximise foal survival. Post dystoicia breeding may be rewarding in select cases.
authors.affiliation: Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital, PO Box 12070, 2150 Georgetown Road, Lexington, Kentucky 40580, USA.
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Byron
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Embertson
authors.forename: W V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hance
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Bramlage
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hopper
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004420:Dystocia / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D006736:Horses; D006762:Hospitals, Animal; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors