Neurogenic tumors in the abdomen: tumor types and imaging characteristics.
There is a broad spectrum of neurogenic tumors that involve the abdomen. These tumors can be classified as those of (a) ganglion cell origin (ganglioneuromas, ganglioneuroblastomas, neuroblastomas), (b) paraganglionic system origin (pheochromocytomas, paragangliomas), and (c) nerve sheath origin (neurilemmomas, neurofibromas, neurofibromatosis, malignant nerve sheath tumors). Abdominal neurogenic tumors are most commonly located in the retroperitoneum, especially in the paraspinal areas and adrenal glands. All of these tumors except neuroblastomas and ganglioneuroblastomas are seen in adult patients. Abdominal neurogenic tumor commonly manifests radiologically as a well-defined, smooth or lobulated mass. Calcification may be seen in all types of neurogenic tumors. The diagnosis of abdominal neurogenic tumor is suggested by the imaging appearance of the lesion, including its location, shape, and internal architecture. Benign and malignant neurogenic tumors are difficult to differentiate unless distant metastatic foci are seen. For malignant tumors, imaging modalities other than computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging may be necessary for staging. However, because most neurogenic tumors in adults are benign, CT and MR imaging can be used to develop a differential diagnosis and help determine the immediate local extent of tumor.
Rha
Sung Eun
SE
Department of Radiology, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul 137-040, South Korea.
Byun
Jae Young
JY
Jung
Seung Eun
SE
Chun
Ho Jong
HJ
Lee
Hae Giu
HG
Lee
Jae Mun
JM
D000008:Abdominal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018305:Ganglioneuroblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D005729:Ganglioneuroma / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009380:Neoplasms, Nerve Tissue / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009442:Neurilemmoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D009455:Neurofibroma / Q000175:diagnosis; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000175:diagnosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed