title: Oxidized products of linoleic acid stimulate adrenal steroidogenesis.
abstract: Adrenal steroidogenesis is under complex control, and clinical observations suggest that not all regulators have been identified. We postulated that fatty acid oxidation products found in the diet or formed in the body could affect steroidogenesis. Linoleic acid is a prominent constituent of animal fat and is readily oxidized. We found that several products of linoleic acid oxidation affect production of aldosterone and corticosterone by isolated cells from rat adrenals. We characterized one linoleic acid derivative by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. It is 12,13-epoxy-9-oxo-10(trans)-octadecenoic acid ("EKODE"). At concentrations between 1 and 30 microM, EKODE stimulated production of aldosterone by zona glomerulosa cells, but at concentrations above 50 microM, it was inhibitory. In zona fasciculata cells, EKODE stimulated corticosterone production at concentrations of 5 microM or greater, and there was no evidence of inhibition at high concentrations. Stimulation of steroidogenesis was observed after 15 min of incubation and continued for at least 2 hrs. The potential relevance of our findings to the hypertension of obesity is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Wm. S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI 53705, USA. theodore.goodfriend@med.va.gov
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Goodfriend
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Raff
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Bruder
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Gardner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spiteller
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D015383:Zona Fasciculata / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015384:Zona Glomerulosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C474654:12,13-epoxy-9- keto-10-octadecenoic acid; D009829:Oleic Acids; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D000450:Aldosterone; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D003345:Corticosterone