title: Trigemino-cervical reflex in patients with headache.
abstract: Neurophysiological studies have shown abnormal activity of some brainstem nuclei in headache patients. The trigemino-cervical reflex is an anti-nociceptive reflex that gives an opportunity for evaluation of the brainstem interneurone activity. It has not been previously examined in headache patients. We studied 15 patients with predominantly unilateral chronic tension-type headache, 15 patients with migraine without aura and 32 healthy subjects. The trigemino-cervical reflex was recorded bilaterally from the resting sternocleidomastoid muscle using surface electromyographic recordings. In all headache patients the trigemino-cervical reflex on the painful side was with shortened latency compared with the non-painful side and with healthy persons. The results suggest decreased activity of the brainstem inhibitory interneurones. We suggest that although the pathophysiological mechanisms of tension-type headache and migraine are different, they share common mechanisms of abnormal pain control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, University Hospital of Neurology and Psychiatry 'St Naum', Sofia, Bulgaria. milanovivan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Milanov
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bogdanova
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007395:Interneurons / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000294:innervation*; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000503:physiopathology; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D018781:Tension-Type Headache / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014278:Trigeminal Nuclei / Q000503:physiopathology*