title: Assessment of fluid status in peritoneal dialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the influence of abnormalities in fluid status and body composition on agreement between multifrequency bioimpedance analysis (MF-BIA), segmental BIA (sigmaBIA), the Watson formula, and tracer dilution techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 patients (29 males, 11 females) on peritoneal dialysis (PD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Agreement between the various techniques used to assess total body water (TBW) [MF-BIA, deuterium oxide (D2O), and the Watson formula] and extracellular water (ECW) [MF-BIA, bromide dilution (NaBr), and sigmaBIA], also in relation to the relative magnitude of the body water compartments [ECW (NaBr):body weight (BW) and TBW (D2O):BW] and body composition (DEXA). Second, the relation between body water compartments with echocardiographic parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Wide limits of agreement were observed between tracer dilution techniques and MF-BIA [TBW (D2O - MF-BIA) 2.0 +/- 3.9 L; ECW (NaBr - MF-BIA) -2.8 +/- 3.9 L], which were related to the relative magnitude of the body water compartments: r = 0.70 for ECW and r = 0.40 for TBW. sigmaBIA did not improve the agreement [ECW (NaBr-sigmaBIA): 3.7 +/- 2.9 L]. Also, wide limits of agreement were observed between D2O and the Watson formula (-2.3 +/- 3.3 L). The difference between D2O and Watson was related to hydration state and to percentage of fat mass (r = 0.70 and r = -0.53, p < 0.05). Both ECW and TBW as assessed by BIA and tracer dilution were related to echocardiographic parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wide limits of agreement were found between MF-BIA and sigmaBIA with dilution methods in PD patients, which were related to hydration state itself. The disagreement between the Watson formula and dilution methods was related to both hydration state and body composition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands. ckonin@sint.azm.nl
authors.forename: Constantijn J A M
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Konings
authors.forename: Jeroen P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kooman
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schonck
authors.forename: Petronella L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Cox-Reijven
authors.forename: Bernardus
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: van Kreel
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gladziwa
authors.forename: Joris
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wirtz
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Gerlag
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hoorntje
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wolters
authors.forename: Guido A K
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Heidendal
authors.forename: Frank M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: van der Sande
authors.forename: Karel M L
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Leunissen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001825:Body Fluid Compartments / Q000502:physiology; D001834:Body Water / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017097:Electric Impedance; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*