title: A role for Drosophila LKB1 in anterior-posterior axis formation and epithelial polarity.
abstract: The PAR-4 and PAR-1 kinases are necessary for the formation of the anterior-posterior (A-P) axis in Caenorhabditis elegans. PAR-1 is also required for A-P axis determination in Drosophila. Here we show that the Drosophila par-4 homologue, lkb1, is required for the early A-P polarity of the oocyte, and for the repolarization of the oocyte cytoskeleton that defines the embryonic A-P axis. LKB1 is phosphorylated by PAR-1 in vitro, and overexpression of LKB1 partially rescues the par-1 phenotype. These two kinases therefore function in a conserved pathway for axis formation in flies and worms. lkb1 mutant clones also disrupt apical-basal epithelial polarity, suggesting a general role in cell polarization. The human homologue, LKB1, is mutated in Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and is regulated by prenylation and by phosphorylation by protein kinase A. We show that protein kinase A phosphorylates Drosophila LKB1 on a conserved site that is important for its activity. Thus, Drosophila and human LKB1 may be functional homologues, suggesting that loss of cell polarity may contribute to tumour formation in individuals with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.
authors.affiliation: The Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research UK.
authors.forename: Sophie G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: St Johnston
mesh_terms: D000091162:AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning; D016764:Cell Polarity; D003224:Congo Red; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D017344:Genes, Insect / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010580:Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome / Q000201:enzymology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003224:Congo Red; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C109790:STK11 protein, human; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D000091162:AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases