title: Menstrual-related changes expected by premenarcheal girls living in rural and urban areas of Mexico.
abstract: Most women experience changes surrounding the start of menstruation. These changes are influenced by sociocultural context. Consequently, certain changes are more pronounced in some cultures than in others. Girls enter menarche with a clear set of paramenstrual expectations that may alter their menstrual cycle-related experiences when they become postmenarcheal. This study explored expectations concerning the paramenstrual changes of 1,173 premenarcheal girls living in rural and urban areas of Mexico. In accordance with the findings of studies conducted in other countries, Mexican premenarcheal girls associate menstruation with a set of mostly negative expectations. A comparison of the results from urban and rural girls revealed that urban girls expected negative paramenstrual changes more, while rural ones expected positive changes more. These differences suggest that the cultures in which girls are brought up have an impact on their expectations. Urban girls are more exposed to media which present a picture of menses as a debilitating event, while rural girls link menses with health because it is associated with the ability to have children.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Psicología, Universidad de las Américas-Puebla, Sta Catarina Mártir, Cholula, Puebla, 72820 Mexico. mmarvan@mail.udlap.mx
authors.forename: María Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marván
authors.forename: Angeles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vacio
authors.forename: Graciela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Espinosa-Hernández
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D003469:Culture; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008572:Menarche / Q000208:ethnology / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008598:Menstruation / Q000208:ethnology / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D008800:Mexico; D000297:Psychology, Adolescent; D012424:Rural Population; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology; D014505:Urban Population