title: Candida albicans phospholipomannan promotes survival of phagocytosed yeasts through modulation of bad phosphorylation and macrophage apoptosis.
abstract: The surface of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans is coated with phospholipomannan (PLM), a phylogenetically unique glycolipid composed of beta-1,2-oligomannosides and phytoceramide. This study compared the specific contribution of PLM to the modulation of signaling pathways linked to the survival of C. albicans in macrophages in contrast to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. C. albicans endocytosis by J774 and disregulation of the ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway was associated downstream with a reduction in Bad Ser-112 phosphorylation and disappearance of free Bcl-2. This suggested an apoptotic effect, which was confirmed by staining of phosphatidylserine in the macrophage outer membrane. The addition of PLM to macrophages incubated with S. cerevisiae mimicked each of the disregulation steps observed with C. albicans and promoted the survival of S. cerevisiae. Externalization of membranous phosphatidylserine, loss of mitochondrial integrity, and DNA fragmentation induced by PLM showed that this molecule promoted yeast survival by inducing host cell death. These findings suggest strongly that PLM is a virulence attribute of C. albicans and that elucidation of the relationship between structure and apoptotic activity is an innovative field of research.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Mycologie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Inserm EMI0360, Université de Lille II, and Inserm U459, Faculté de Médecine H. Warembourg, Place Verdun, 59037 Lille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibata-Ombetta
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Idziorek
authors.forename: Pierre-André
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Trinel
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poulain
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jouault
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000502:physiology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology*; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein
chemical_list: C494820:Bad protein, mouse; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006017:Glycolipids; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein; C400188:phospholipomannan