title: Estrogen receptor classification for hepatocellular carcinoma: comparison with clinical staging systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several scoring systems to evaluate patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exist. A good scoring system should provide information on prognosis and guide therapeutic decisions. The presence of variant liver estrogen receptor (ER) transcripts in the tumor has been shown to be the strongest negative predictor of survival in HCC. The aim of this study was to compare the predictive value of the commonly applied clinical scoring systems for survival of patients with HCC with that of the evaluation of ER in patients with HCC (molecular scoring system).
  
  
  METHODS
  HCC was staged according to the Okuda classification, Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification, Italian classification system (CLIP), French classification, and ER status in 96 patients. Analysis of survival was performed according to the Kaplan-Maier test and was made for each classification system and ER. A comparison between classifications was made by univariate and multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the clinical classification systems, only the CLIP was able to identify patient populations with good, intermediate, and poor prognosis. On multivariate analysis, ER classification was shown to be the best predictive classification for survival of patients with HCC (P <.0001). This difference was the result of a better allocation of patients with ominous prognosis (variant ER) having nevertheless good clinical score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The evaluation of the presence of wild-type or variant ER transcripts in the tumor is the best predictor of survival in patients with HCC. Its accuracy in discriminating patients with good or unfavorable prognosis is significantly greater than that of the commonly used scoring systems for the staging of HCC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Department of Surgery, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. villa.erica@unimo.it
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colantoni
authors.forename: Calogero
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cammà
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grottola
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Buttafoco
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gelmini
authors.forename: Ilva
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manenti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000145:classification*; D013534:Survival
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen