title: An experimental model of coronary anastomosis without suturing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study is to explore the feasibility and mid-term patency of an easier anastomotic technique for Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Bypass Grafting (MIDCAB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight mongrel dogs (+/-15 kg) underwent direct anastomosis between the left internal thoracic artery (LITA) and the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) via inferior sternotomy on the beating heart. After positioning the graft, the distal part of the LAD was opened to allow retrograde filling of the LITA-graft. The anastomosis was secured by the use of biological glue (BioGlue, Cryolife, Marietta, GA, USA). No intravascular suture material was used. Ischemic time averaged 6 min. The proximal LAD was occluded upstream the arteriotomy. All survivors were angiographically controlled for patency after 6-8 weeks. Consequently, four dogs were sacrificed after 6 weeks and the remaining after 3 months for anatomo-pathological and histological examination by light and electron microscopy of the anastomotic site.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All procedures were successful except for one animal that died of uncontrollable bleeding at the anastomotic site. Another sustained post-operative transmural anterior myocardial infarction due to a late graft occlusion. All angiographically controlled grafts were patent with two vascular strings near the anastomotic site. Histology showed early macrophage infiltration into the glue. At post-mortem examination, new endothelialization was noticed in 80% of the cases. However, ultrastructural examination detected marked differences in endothelial fibroblastic lining compared to normal histology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Good mid-term permeability of the LITA grafts was observed in this new anastomotic technique for MIDCAB in the canine model. Although neo-endothelialization was present in most cases, ultrastructural differences were noticed after 3 months in the neo-intima compared to normal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Gent, Gent, Belgium.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Van Nooten
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Van Belleghem
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Foubert
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: François
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caes
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Overbeke
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taeymans
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000601:surgery; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013895:Thoracic Arteries / Q000601:surgery; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014654:Vascular Patency
chemical_list: D014014:Tissue Adhesives