Alternative glucocorticoids for use in cases of adverse reaction to systemic glucocorticoids: a study on 10 patients.
BACKGROUND
Reactions to systemically administered corticosteroids are rare, despite their widespread use.


OBJECTIVE
To identify alternative glucocorticoids for emergency use in patients with adverse reactions to systemic glucocorticoids.


METHODS
Ten patients were identified as having adverse reactions after the use of systemic corticosteroids. Skin prick tests and intradermal tests to hydrocortisone (HC) and methylprednisolone (MP), and intradermal tests to betamethasone and dexamethasone, were performed in all patients, and oral challenge tests to betamethasone (n=10) and deflazacort (n=6).


RESULTS
Skin prick tests were negative in all patients, whereas intradermal tests to HC and MP were positive in eight; two patients showed only an isolated cutaneous sensitivity to MP. Intradermal tests to betamethasone and dexamethasone were negative, and oral challenge tests were negative in all patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results suggest the possibility of an IgE-mediated mechanism for allergic reactions to HC and MP, probably due, at least in part, to a steroid-glyoxal. We suggest that betamethasone and deflazacort could be reserved for emergency use in patients with adverse reactions to other corticosteroids.
Ventura
M T
MT
Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, University of Bari, Policlinico, Piazza G.Cesare 11, Italy. mt.ventura@allergy.uniba.it
Calogiuri
G F
GF
Matino
M G
MG
Dagnello
M
M
Buquicchio
R
R
Foti
C
C
Di Corato
R
R
D000328:Adult; D001623:Betamethasone / Q000009:adverse effects; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000009:adverse effects; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000209:etiology; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D011282:Pregnenediones / Q000009:adverse effects; D012882:Skin Tests / Q000379:methods
D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011282:Pregnenediones; D003907:Dexamethasone; D001623:Betamethasone; C021988:deflazacort; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D008775:Methylprednisolone