title: Mapping sentinel nodes in patients with early-stage gastric carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nodal status in gastric carcinoma is related not only to prognosis but also to the extent of nodal dissection. However, a method for accurate assessment of nodal status during operation has not been established. This study aimed to map the sentinel nodes of gastric carcinoma and to estimate the clinical usefulness of sentinel node biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following laparotomy, a vital dye (0.2 ml 2 per cent patent blue) was injected through a gastroscope into the submucosal layer at four sites around a clinical T1 gastric carcinoma. The dye immediately appeared at the serosal surface and stained lymphatic vessels and nodes. The stained nodes were removed and examined by frozen sectioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The assay was successful in mapping the lymphatic basins in 203 (96.2 per cent) of 211 patients. The dye stained one or more metastatic nodes in 31 patients, but failed to indicate a metastatic node in four patients with a large involved node. Meticulous postoperative examination of all resected nodes in the standard paraffin slices revealed no new metastases. The accuracy of the assay was 98.0 per cent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method was accurate in predicting nodal status in patients with early-stage gastric carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Division of Cancer Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan. kmiwa@surg2.m.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kinami
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fushida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nonomura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome