title: Differential effects of maternal betamethasone and cortisol on lung maturation and growth in fetal sheep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We asked whether maternal or fetal cortisol treatments induced fetal lung maturation and growth restriction compared with betamethasone and whether medroxyprogesterone (MPA) influenced lung maturation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnant sheep were randomized to receive MPA or saline solution at 100 days of gestation. At 117 days of pregnancy, ewes were randomized to receive maternal or fetal treatments with 0.5 mg/kg betamethasone, four injections of hydrocortisone given over 4.5 hours or saline solution. Body weight and lung maturation were evaluated at 125 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal betamethasone decreased in birth weight by 16% and induced lung maturation. Fetal cortisol or betamethasone induced only lung maturation. Maternal cortisol caused neither growth restriction nor lung maturation. MPA did not alter lung function in control lambs or in betamethasone-treated preterm lambs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Maternal cortisol treatments had no apparent effects on the fetus, suggesting that growth restriction caused by betamethasone may result from unidentified effects on the maternal-placental unit.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, and the School of Women's and Infant's Health, University of Western Australia. alan.jobe@chmcc.org
authors.forename: Alan H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Jobe
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Newnham
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: Machiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikegami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001623:Betamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry; D005325:Fetal Organ Maturity / Q000187:drug effects*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D008168:Lung / Q000196:embryology*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D011247:Pregnancy; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D001623:Betamethasone; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; D006854:Hydrocortisone