title: Botulinum toxin for spastic GI disorders: a systematic review.
authors.affiliation: Enteric Neuromuscular Disorders and Pain (END Pain) Program, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaotuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Pankaj Jay
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Pasricha
mesh_terms: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004931:Esophageal Achalasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D009128:Muscle Spasticity; D018579:Patient Selection; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D001905:Botulinum Toxins