Biological activities of synthetic saponins and cardiac glycosides.
Comparisons of the biological activities of diosgenyl (DIO) beta-D-xylopyranosyl- (1 --> 2)-alpha-D-glucopyranoside (2DXalpha) and beta-D-glucopyranosyl- (1 --> 3)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (3GLbeta) or methyl glycyrrhetinate (GAM) 2DXalpha and 3GLbeta with those of the other DIO- or GAM- glycosides confirmed our assumption that both haemolytic and antifungal activities of DIO-glycosides (steroid saponins) generally parallel each other, while almost all haemolytic GAM-glycosides (triterpenoid saponins) have no antifungal activity. By comparisons of digitoxigenyl (DIG) 2DXalpha, beta-D-xylopyranosyl- (1 --> 2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2DXbeta) and 3GLbeta with the other DIG-glycosides, the previous supposition on DIG-diglycosides (cardiac diglycosides) has been developed into the assumption that those having a (1 --> 4), (1 --> 3) or (1 --> 2)beta sugar linkage show stronger anti-ATPase and antiviral activities than those with a (1 --> 6) or (1 --> 2)alpha linkage.
Takechi
Masayuki
M
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, Higashiosaka, Japan. takechi@phar.kindai.ac.jp
Doi
Kyoko
K
Wakayama
Yoshiki
Y
D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000187:drug effects; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004144:Diosgenin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D006027:Glycosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000187:drug effects
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D006027:Glycosides; D012503:Saponins; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D004144:Diosgenin; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid