title: Case-control study of early-term abortions (early fetal losses) associated with mare reproductive loss syndrome in central Kentucky.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify factors associated with abortions during early gestation classified as mare reproductive loss syndrome (MRLS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  324 broodmares from 43 farms in central Kentucky, including 121 mares from 25 farms that had early-term abortions (ETAs) associated with MRLS (case horses), 120 mares from the same farms but that did not abort, and 83 mares from 18 farms that were not severely Impacted by MRLS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Farm managers were interviewed to obtain data on various management practices and environmental exposures for the mares. Data for case and control horses were compared to identify risk factors for mares having MRLS-associated ETAs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Several factors increased the risk of MRLS-associated ETAs, including feeding hay in pasture, greater than usual amounts of white clover in pastures, more eastern tent caterpillars in pastures, abortion during a previous pregnancy, and sighting deer or elk on the premises.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Analysis indicates that certain characteristics of pastures predisposed mares to MRLS-associated ETAs. Methods for limiting exposure to pasture (keeping mares in stalls longer) during environmental conditions similar to those of 2001 (ie, sudden freezing in mid-April following warmer-than-usual springtime temperatures and larger-than-usual numbers of eastern tent caterpillars in and around pastures) should reduce the risk of mares having MRLS-associated ETAs. It was not possible to determine whether exposure to white clover or caterpillars were causal factors for MRLS or were merely indicators of unusual environmental conditions that resulted in exposure of mares to a toxic or infectious agent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4475, USA.
authors.forename: Noah D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Donahue
authors.forename: Vincent J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: Janyce L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Seahorn
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Piercy
authors.forename: Judith K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Donahoe
authors.forename: Deborah M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Stuart E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Riddle
mesh_terms: D000034:Abortion, Veterinary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D000821:Animal Feed / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003670:Deer; D005260:Female; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006736:Horses; D006799:Housing, Animal; D007629:Kentucky / Q000453:epidemiology; D029902:Medicago / Q000009:adverse effects; D009036:Moths; D006109:Poaceae / Q000009:adverse effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000662:veterinary; D012307:Risk Factors; D013577:Syndrome; D014887:Weather