title: Campylobacter transmission in a Peruvian shantytown: a longitudinal study using strain typing of campylobacter isolates from chickens and humans in household clusters.
abstract: Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of pediatric diarrhea in developing countries-free-ranging chickens are presumed to be a common source. Campylobacter strains from monthly surveillance and diarrhea cases were compared by means of restriction-fragment length polymorphism (RFLP), rapid amplified polymorphic DNA, and Lior serotyping. RFLP analysis of 156 human and 682 avian strains demonstrated identical strains in chickens and humans in 29 (70.7%) of 41 families, and 35%-39% of human isolates from diarrhea and nondiarrhea cases were identical to a household chicken isolate. Isolation of the same RFLP type from a household chicken and a human within 1 month was highly protective against diarrhea (odds ratio, 0.07; P<.005). Campylobacter strains from symptomatic humans were unlikely to be identical to strains recently carried by household chickens, limiting the potential benefits from household-based control measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tropical Medicine, Tulane School of Public Health, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA. oberhel@tulane.edu
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Oberhelman
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gilman
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sheen
authors.forename: Julianna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cordova
authors.forename: David N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zimic
authors.forename: Rina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Meza
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perez
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: LeBron
authors.forename: Lilia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.forename: Frank G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Woodward
authors.forename: Lawrence J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Price
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002167:Campylobacter / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000635:transmission* / Q000662:veterinary; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D002648:Child; D006799:Housing, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D012307:Risk Factors; D012703:Serotyping; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000635:transmission*