title: Radium in Wisconsin drinking water: an analysis of osteosarcoma risk.
abstract: Epidemiological studies of radium dial painters have found an association between exposure to high-dose radium and bone cancers. However, only limited data exist on the relationship between low doses of radium, as are found in some drinking water sources, and osteosarcoma. The authors conducted a population-based case-control study to examine the association between exposure to radium in drinking water and the occurrence of osteosarcoma. Estimates of radium exposure and covariates used were based on subjects' residential ZIP codes. The median radium level was not significantly associated with osteosarcoma (odds ratio = .98; 95% confidence interval = .93, 1.04; p = .56). The authors found no evidence that radium, at current levels in Wisconsin drinking water, resulted in excess cases of osteosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA. cguse@mcw.edu
authors.forename: Clare E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Guse
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Marbella
authors.forename: Varghese
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Layde
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011883:Radium / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014881:Water Supply; D014922:Wisconsin / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D011883:Radium