title: Biosynthesis of 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid from 5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid in the murine macrophage.
abstract: 5-Oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE) is a metabolite of arachidonic acid shown to possess important biological activities within different cell types. In the neutrophil, a specific NADP(+)-dependent dehydrogenase utilizes 5-lipoxygenase-derived 5-hydroxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5(S)-HETE) as the required substrate. In the present study, 5-hydroperoxy-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-HpETE), rather than 5-HETE, was found to be the biosynthetic precursor of 5-oxo-ETE in the murine macrophage. The macrophage was not able to convert 5-HETE into 5-oxo-ETE even when preincubated with phorbol ester or with other lipid hydroperoxides. The factor responsible for the conversion of 5-HpETE into 5-oxo-ETE was found predominantly in the cytosolic fraction of the macrophage, with an approximate molecular weight of 50,000-60,000, as assessed by size exclusion chromatography. Formation of 5-oxo-ETE was rapid and the catalytic protein was found to have an apparent K(m) of 5.3 microM for the eicosanoid. Furthermore, the protein could efficiently utilize 5(R,S)-HpETE as substrate and was heat and protease labile. This novel pathway of 5-oxo-ETE biosynthesis in the murine macrophage was consistent with reduction of a 5-hydroperoxy group to an intermediate alkoxy radical that could be subsequently oxidized to the 5-oxo product. Such a mechanism would enable racemic 5-HpETE, derived from free radical oxidation of arachidonic acid, to be efficiently converted into this potent chemotactic eicosanoid.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell Biology, Department of Pediatrics, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, Denver, Colorado 80206, USA.
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zarini
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D015289:Leukotrienes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013347:Subcellular Fractions
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D015289:Leukotrienes; C080828:5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid; C025348:arachidonic acid 5-hydroperoxide