title: Anatomical variations of the frontal and supraorbital transcranial passages.
abstract: In this study, 500 frontal and supraorbital transcranial passages were studied in 50 cadavers and 200 crania of 500 samples. One hundred six specimens had a frontal foramen (notch), and all the samples had a supraorbital foramen (notch). The frontal passage was a foramen in 7 samples and a notch in 99 samples. As for the supraorbital passage, it was found as a foramen in 133 of specimens and as a notch in 358 of specimens. In 9 of the specimens, there were double notches or foramina. The distances from the foramina (notches) to angulus oculi medialis were measured in the cadavers. The average distance from the angulus oculi medialis to the frontal foramen (notch) was 4.50 mm, and the average distance to the supraorbital foramen (notch) was 9.87 mm. The distances from the foramina (notches) to the midline were measured in the crania. The average distances from the midline to the frontal foramen (notch) and the supraorbital foramen (notch) were 20.24 mm and 25.23 mm, respectively. The average distance between the frontal foramen (notch) and supraorbital foramen (notch) was 5.37 mm in cadavers and 4.99 mm in crania. In 200 crania, the distances of the frontal and supraorbital transcranial passages to the midline were measured. Types of these passages were also evaluated, and frequencies were calculated. Measurements were made using a digital compass, and the student t test was used in the statistical evaluation of results.
authors.affiliation: Division of Anatomy, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Canan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saylam
authors.forename: Mehmet Asim
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.forename: Cuneyt
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozek
authors.forename: Tahir
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gurler
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D002508:Cephalometry; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation; D006801:Humans; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply / Q000294:innervation