title: Is instillation of anesthetic gel necessary in flexible cystoscopic examination? A prospective randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether urethral injection of anesthetic and lubricating agent before outpatient flexible cystoscopic examination is worthwhile regarding patient tolerance of pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized prospective study was conducted. A total of 133 consecutive men scheduled to undergo flexible cystoscopy were randomized to receive 11 mL of 0.2% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride gel (group 1), 11 mL of plain lubricating gel (group 2), or no gel injection (group 3). In every group, 2% lidocaine gel was applied to the fiberscope. Patients recorded the level of pain during gel instillation, scope insertion, and intravesical observation separately on a 100-mm visual analog self-assessment scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pain scores for gel instillation were approximately two thirds those for scope insertion and intravesical observation in groups 1 and 2. No significant difference was noted in the pain score of each group during either scope insertion or intravesical observation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pain during intraurethral gel instillation is significant. Anesthetic gel instillation has no advantage compared with no-gel injection in men when lubricating gel is applied to a flexible fiberscope.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hamamatsu Rosai Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogura
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005782:Gels / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008153:Lubrication; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011343:Procaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005782:Gels; D011343:Procaine; D008012:Lidocaine; C005298:benoxinate