title: Successful transarterial Guglielmi detachable coil embolization of posttraumatic posterior communicating artery-cavernous sinus fistula: technical note.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Carotid-cavernous fistulae are uncommon but well-documented sequelae of craniofacial trauma. A rare subset may arise from the posterior communicating artery instead of from the carotid artery proper. The presentation is similar to that of carotid-cavernous fistulae, with ocular pain, chemosis, and proptosis being the common symptoms. The first successful transarterial coil embolization of this type of lesion is described.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 42-year-old man presented with severe craniocerebral injury, including multiple craniofacial fractures, after an industrial accident. He required emergent craniotomy for an open depressed cranial fracture and epidural hematoma. Six weeks after presentation, the patient began to exhibit progressive chemosis and proptosis. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed findings consistent with a carotid-cavernous fistula.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Angiography revealed a fistula between the posterior communicating artery and the cavernous sinus. The origin of the fistula in the posterior communicating artery was successfully obliterated with Guglielmi detachable coiling. Subsequent studies demonstrated no flow through the fistula and good opacification of the ipsilateral posterior cerebral artery by the vertebrobasilar system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Posterior communicating artery-cavernous fistulae are a rare sequel of trauma. They may be treated successfully with the use of transarterial coil embolization.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Kyle D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.forename: Matthew G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Ewend
authors.forename: Sten
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Solander
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020216:Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D002426:Cavernous Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging