title: [Applied anatomy of anterior ethmoid relevant to endoscopic transnasal dacryocystorhinostomy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study provided clinical guidance for the endoscopic transnasal dacryocystorhinostomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  16 adult cadavers were studied on the applied anatomy of between anterior ethmoid and fossa of lacrimal sac and the anatomic relationship between uncinate process and medial wall of orbit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to the anatomic relationship between anterior ethmoid sinus and fossa of lacrimal sac, the cells of anterior ethmoid sinus were classified into three typies, The results was that type I accounted for 31.2%, type II 50.0% type III 18.8%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT scans should be performed to determine the anatomic relationships between fossa of lacrimal sac and anterior ethmoid and between uncinate process and medial wall of orbit before operation for patients with different typies of obstruction of nasocrimal duct, thus the proper bony opening was located during dacryocystorhinostomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000718:Anatomy, Regional; D002102:Cadaver; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy; D004724:Endoscopy; D005005:Ethmoid Sinus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000601:surgery*; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology