title: Carotenoids in cancer chemoprevention.
abstract: Various natural carotenoids, besides beta-carotene, were proven to have anticarcinogenic activity, and some of them showed more potent activity than beta-carotene. Thus, these carotenoids (alpha-carotene, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, beta-cryptoxanthin, fucoxanthin, astaxanthin, capsanthin, crocetin and phytoene), as well as beta-carotene, may be useful for cancer prevention. In the case of phytoene, the concept of 'bio-chemoprevention', which means biotechnology-assisted method for cancerchemoprevention, may be applicable. In fact, establishment of mammalian cells producing phytoene was succeeded by the introduction of crtB gene, which encodes phytoene synthase, and these cells were proven to acquire the resistance against carcinogenesis. Antioxidative phytoene-containing animal foods may be classified as a novel type of functional food, which has the preventive activity against carcinogenesis, as well as the ability to reduce the accumulation of oxidative damages, which are hazardous for human health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kawaramachi-Hirokoji, Kamigyoku, Kyoto, Japan. hnishno@basic.kpu-m.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hoyoku
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.forename: Michiaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakosh
authors.forename: Tsunehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ii
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuchide
authors.forename: Motohiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: Xiao Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Mou
authors.forename: Saeri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Mitsuharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Yasuhito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohsaka
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yogosawa
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satomi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jinno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D002338:Carotenoids