title: Cryptococcosis in ferrets: a diverse spectrum of clinical disease.
abstract: Cryptococcosis was diagnosed in seven ferrets (five from Australia; two from western Canada) displaying a wide range of clinical signs. Two of the ferrets lived together. One (5-years-old) had cryptococcal rhinitis and presented when the infection spread to the nasal bridge. Its sibling developed cryptococcal abscessation of the right retropharyngeal lymph node 12 months later, soon after developing a severe skin condition. DNA fingerprinting and microsatellite analysis demonstrated that the two strains isolated from these siblings were indistinguishable. Two ferrets (2- to 3-years-old) developed generalised cryptococcosis: one had primary lower respiratory tract disease with pneumonia, pleurisy and mediastinal lymph node involvement, while in the other a segment of intestine was the primary focus of infection with subsequent spread to mesenteric lymph nodes, liver and lung. The remaining three ferrets (1.75 to 4-years-old) had localised disease of a distal limb, in one case with spread to the regional lymph node. Cryptococcus bacillisporus (formerly C. neoformans var gattii) accounted for three of the four infections in Australian ferrets where the biotype could be determined. The Australian ferret with intestinal involvement and the two ferrets from Vancouver had C. neoformans var grubii infections.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Science, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006. R.Malik@vetc.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malik
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alderton
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Finlaison
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Krockenberger
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Karaoglu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: France
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McGill
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lester
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Love
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001955:British Columbia; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000662:veterinary; D017931:DNA Primers; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005289:Ferrets; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D009517:New South Wales; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D011859:Radiography; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers