title: Impact of beta-blocker therapy on functional capacity criteria for heart transplant listing.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peak exercise oxygen consumption is a widely used parameter to determine the need for transplant listing in patients with severe heart failure. Currently, beta-blocker therapy is known to benefit patients with severe heart failure, although it has minimal or no effects on peak exercise oxygen consumption. This raises the hypothesis that peak exercise oxygen consumption transplant-listing criteria are not valid for patients with heart failure who receive beta-blocker therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared outcomes in patients with chronic heart failure who underwent heart transplant evaluation with peak exercise oxygen consumption </= 14.0 ml/kg/min and who were treated with beta-blockers (n = 48) or who were not treated with beta-blockers (n = 55).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Outcomes were significantly better for patients treated with beta-blockers (combined end-points of death, transplantation as United Network for Organ Sharing [UNOS] Status 1 or 2, and ventricular assist device placement, p = 0.0001). The 1-year survival was 92% and 3-year survival was 71% in the patients treated with beta-blockers, and 69% and 48% in the patients not treated with beta-blockers (compared with UNOS transplant survival data of 92% 1-year and 77% 3-year survival rates).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with chronic heart failure and severe functional impairment who were treated with beta-blockers have significantly better outcomes compared with similarly functionally impaired patients who were not treated with beta-blockers, and these patients would not be expected to derive a survival benefit from transplantation. Thus, in patients treated with beta-blockers, the use of peak exercise oxygen consumption as a criterion to list for heart transplantation may no longer be valid. Alternatively, non-usage of beta-blockers may be a criterion to list for transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Amar L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Pohwani
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murali
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mathier
authors.forename: Tammy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tokarczyk
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kormos
authors.forename: Dennis M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: McNamara
authors.forename: Guy A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: MacGowan
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists