title: tRNA modification by S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase. Assay development and characterization of the recombinant enzyme.
abstract: The enzyme S-adenosylmethionine:tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase catalyzes the penultimate step in the biosynthesis of the hypermodified tRNA nucleoside queuosine (Q), an unprecedented ribosyl transfer from the cofactor S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) to a modified-tRNA precursor to generate epoxyqueuosine (oQ). The complexity of the reaction makes it an especially interesting mechanistic problem, and as a foundation for detailed kinetic and mechanistic studies we have carried out the basic characterization of the enzyme. Importantly, to allow for the direct measurement of oQ formation, we have developed protocols for the preparation of homogeneous substrates; specifically, an overexpression system was constructed for tRNA(Tyr) in an E. coli queA deletion mutant to allow for the isolation of large quantities of substrate tRNA, and [U-ribosyl-(14)C]AdoMet was synthesized. The enzyme shows optimal activity at pH 8.7 in buffers containing various oxyanions, including acetate, carbonate, EDTA, and phosphate. Unexpectedly, the enzyme was inhibited by Mg(2+) and Mn(2+) in millimolar concentrations. The steady-state kinetic parameters were determined to be K(m)(AdoMet) = 101.4 microm, K(m)(tRNA) = 1.5 microm, and k(cat) = 2.5 min(-1). A short minihelix RNA was synthesized and modified with the precursor 7-aminomethyl-7-deazaguanine, and this served as an efficient substrate for the enzyme (K(m)(RNA) = 37.7 microm and k(cat) = 14.7 min(-1)), demonstrating that the anticodon stem-loop is sufficient for recognition and catalysis by QueA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, Oregon 97207, USA.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Van Lanen
authors.forename: Sylvia Daoud
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Kinzie
authors.forename: Sharlene
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matthieu
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Link
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Culp
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Iwata-Reuyl
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007535:Isomerases; D007700:Kinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D010430:Pentosyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012343:RNA, Transfer; D010430:Pentosyltransferases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C082572:S-adenosylmethionine - tRNA ribosyltransferase-isomerase; D007535:Isomerases; D008274:Magnesium