title: Conventional and molecular typing of Salmonella typhi strains from Brazil.
abstract: Phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of Salmonella Typhi were studied in 30 strains, isolated in different years, from some areas in Brazil. Conventional typing methods were performed by biochemical tests, Vi phage-typing scheme, and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Molecular typing methods were performed by analysis of plasmid DNA and by random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD-PCR). For the latter, an optimization step was performed to ensure the reproducibility of the process in genetic characterization of S. Typhi. The predominance of 76.7% of biotype I (xylose +, arabinose -) was noticed in all studied areas. Three phage types were recognized, with prominence for the phage types A (73.3%) and I+IV (23.3%). All the strains were susceptible to the drugs used. However, 36.7% of the strains contained plasmids, with predominance of the 105 Kb plasmid. RAPD was capable of grouping the strains in 8 genotypic patterns using primer 784, in 6, using primer 787 and in 7, using primer 797. Conventional phenotypic typing methods, as well as the DNA plasmid analysis, presented nonsignificant discriminatory power; however, RAPD-PCR analysis showed discriminatory power, reproducibility, easy interpretation and performance, being considered as a promising alternative typing method for S. Typhi.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bacteriologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brasil.
authors.forename: Bianca R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Quintaes
authors.forename: Nilma C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Eliane M F
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Erica L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hofer
mesh_terms: D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D001434:Bacteriophage Typing; D001938:Brazil; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D010957:Plasmids; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D012703:Serotyping / Q000379:methods