Transcriptome profile of murine gammaherpesvirus-68 lytic infection.
The murine gammaherpesvirus-68 genome encodes 73 protein-coding open reading frames with extensive similarities to human gamma(2) herpesviruses, as well as unique genes and cellular homologues. We performed transcriptome analysis of stage-specific viral RNA during permissive infection using an oligonucleotide-based microarray. Using this approach, M4, K3, ORF38, ORF50, ORF57 and ORF73 were designated as immediate-early genes based on cycloheximide treatment. The microarray analysis also identified 10 transcripts with early expression kinetics, 32 transcripts with early-late expression kinetics and 29 transcripts with late expression kinetics. The latter group consisted mainly of structural proteins, and showed high expression levels relative to other viral transcripts. Moreover, we detected all eight tRNA-like transcripts in the presence of cycloheximide and phosphonoacetic acid. Lytic infection with MHV-68 also resulted in a significant reduction in the expression of cellular transcripts included in the DNA chip. This global approach to viral transcript analysis offers a powerful system for examining molecular transitions between lytic and latent virus infections associated with disease pathogenesis.
Ebrahimi
Bahram
B
Laboratory for Clinical and Molecular Virology, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
Dutia
Bernadette M
BM
Laboratory for Clinical and Molecular Virology, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
Roberts
Kim L
KL
Laboratory for Clinical and Molecular Virology, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
Garcia-Ramirez
Jose J
JJ
Scottish Centre for Genomic Technology and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
Dickinson
Paul
P
MRC Centre for Inflammation Research, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.|Scottish Centre for Genomic Technology and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
Stewart
James P
JP
Laboratory for Clinical and Molecular Virology, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
Ghazal
Peter
P
Scottish Centre for Genomic Technology and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
Roy
Douglas J
DJ
Scottish Centre for Genomic Technology and Informatics, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
Nash
Anthony A
AA
Laboratory for Clinical and Molecular Virology, The University of Edinburgh, Summerhall Square, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000821:virology; D018142:Gammaherpesvirinae / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D020543:Proteome; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017735:Virus Latency
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D020543:Proteome; D014764:Viral Proteins; D003513:Cycloheximide; D010746:Phosphonoacetic Acid