title: Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori antibodies in medical students and residents in Recife, Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The epidemiology of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) still constitutes a relevant subject of investigation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to determine the seroprevalence rate of Hp antibodies in medical students and residents, and its relationship with medical practice, age, gender and parents' formal education level.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out from March 1999 to March 2000, on a population of 1,119 medical students and residents, from which a randomized and stratified sample was drawn. Each stratum comprised students attending the basic training level, students attending the professional training level, and residents. Independent samples were calculated for each group, making a total of 405 subjects. Each participant was interviewed using a questionnaire. After the interview, serum samples were collected and stored at -20 degrees C for detecting IgG antibodies against Hp by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 31.4% seroprevalence rate of Hp antibodies was observed, which significantly increased during the graduation course according to the medical practices, ranging from 23.4% in students up to 38.6% in residents. Seroprevalence rate increased according to the age (p = 0.002), where older individuals had spent more time in practical activities. Seroprevalence was higher in males and was smaller among those whose parents had a university degree.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The seroprevalence rate of Hp antibodies amongst medical students and residents increases from the basic up to residence level, suggesting that contact with patients during clinical practice may constitute a risk factor for acquiring Hp infection.
authors.affiliation: Departmento Medicina Clínica, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Univeridade de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil. ene@hotlink.com.br
authors.forename: Ene T C
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.forename: Edmundo P A
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: J Roberto
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: M Fátima P M
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.forename: Izolda M F
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Moura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D013337:Students, Medical
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D015415:Biomarkers