title: [Excess mortality associated with antibiotic resistant Salmonella typhimurium].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of antimicrobials in food production has been associated with drug-resistance in foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella and Campylobacter. However, little is known about the health impact of antimicrobial drug-resistance in these pathogens. In a matched cohort study, we determined the mortality associated with drug-resistance in Salmonella Typhimurium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the Danish Surveillance Registry for Enteric Pathogens were linked with the Civil Registration System and the Danish National Patient Registry. By survival analysis, the two-year mortality among patients was compared with a matched sample of the general Danish population adjusted for differences in comorbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 2047 cases of S. Typhimurium, 59 deaths were identified. Patients with pan-susceptible strains of S. Typhimurium were 2.3 times (95 per cent confidence interval [CI] 1.5-3.5) more likely to die in the two-year follow-up period after infection than persons in the general Danish population. Patients infected with strains resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulfonamide, and tetracycline were 4.8 times (95 per cent CI 2.2-10.5) more likely to die, whereas quinolone-resistance was associated with a 10.3 times (95 percent CI 2.8-37.8) higher mortality than the general population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, infections with S. Typhimurium were associated with excess mortality. Patients infected with multi-drug resistant strains had a tendency towards higher mortality than patients infected with non-multiresistant strains. Particular risk was associated with quinolone-resistance in foodborne S. Typhimurium, and the excess mortality among patients infected with multi-drug resistant S. Typhimurium could be attributed to additional quinolone resistance in many of the multi-drug resistant isolates.
authors.affiliation: Statens Serum Institut, Afdeling for Epidemiologisk Forskning og Afdeling for mave-tarm infektioner, København.
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Helms
authors.forename: Pernille
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vastrup
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gerner-Smidt
authors.forename: Kåre
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mølbak
mesh_terms: D042462:4-Quinolones; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D042462:4-Quinolones; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents