title: Cyrus Levinthal, the Kluge and the origins of interactive molecular graphics.
abstract: In the mid-1960s, a group of scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, led by Cyrus Levinthal, took hold of one of the early interactive graphics terminals and used it to visualize, study and model the structure of proteins and nucleic acids. From this encounter between cutting-edge computer technology and molecular biology emerged the crucial elements for the development of a research-technology field known today as interactive molecular graphics. The following account is not only about how computer graphics technology has literally changed the way scientists view the molecular realm, but also a look at how an epistemic and institutional space was created to integrate this technology into scientific research.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for the Hitory of Science, Berlin. efranc65@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Francoeur
mesh_terms: D000047:Academies and Institutes / Q000266:history; D003196:Computer Graphics / Q000266:history*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D014481:United States; D014584:User-Computer Interface
chemical_list: D009696:Nucleic Acids; D011506:Proteins