title: Postoperative complications of pulmonary resection after platinum-based induction chemotherapy for primary lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the postoperative complications that developed in patients who underwent surgery after induction chemotherapy (IC) for primary lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven patients underwent surgery after receiving IC; for advanced non-small cell lung cancer in 16, and for small cell lung cancer in 11. All patients were given the platinum-based chemotherapy regimen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lobectomies were performed for 18 patients, bilobectomies for 4, pneumonectomies for 2, and partial resections or segmentectomies for 3. There were two postoperative deaths; one caused by adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and one caused by respiratory failure, resulting in a mortality rate of 7.4%. The postoperative complications included sputum retention in six patients, ARDS in two, anastomotic dehiscence after bronchoplasty in one, and pneumonia in one, resulting in 44.4% morbidity. The morbidity of patients who had received IC (IC group) was higher than that of a comparative group of 560 who underwent lung resection without IC during the same period (non-IC group), but the difference was not significant (44.4% vs 22.6%; P = 0.16). Both ARDS and bronchial insufficiency occurred more frequently in the IC group than in the non-IC group, but the differences were not significant ( P = 0.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate the feasibility of treating primary lung cancer with IC followed by surgery as long as a cautious operative procedure is used and careful postoperative management is given, paying particular attention to the risk of ARDS and bronchial complications.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muraoka
authors.forename: Tadayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akamine
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagayasu
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ayabe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D002945:Cisplatin