title: Novel carotenoid glucoside esters from alkaliphilic heliobacteria.
abstract: Pigments of three species of alkaliphilic heliobacteria of the genus Heliorestis, H. daurensis, H. baculata and an undescribed species Heliorestis strain HH, were identified using spectroscopic methods. In these species, bacteriochlorophyll g esterified with farnesol was present, as for other heliobacteria. The carotenoids consisted of 4,4'-diaponeurosporene, also found in other heliobacteria, plus the novel pigments OH-diaponeurosporene glucoside esters (C16:0 and C16:1). In addition, trace amounts of biosynthetic intermediates, OH-diaponeurosporene and OH-diaponeurosporene glucoside, were found. Trace amounts of a carotenoid with 20 carbon atoms, 8,8'-diapo-zeta-carotene, were also found in these species as well as in the non-alkaliphilic heliobacteria. The non-alkaliphilic species Heliophilum fasciatum also contained trace amounts of the two OH-diaponeurosporene glucoside esters. The results are used to predict the pathway of carotenoid biosynthesis in heliobacteria.
authors.affiliation: Biological Laboratory, Nippon Medical School, Nakahara, Kawasaki 211-0063, Japan. takaichi@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takaichi
authors.forename: Hirozo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oh-Oka
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maoka
authors.forename: Deborah O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Madigan
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D001429:Bacteriochlorophylls / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D016937:Gram-Positive Endospore-Forming Rods / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008958:Models, Molecular; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D001429:Bacteriochlorophylls; D004952:Esters; D005960:Glucosides; D014315:Triterpenes; D002338:Carotenoids; C091058:4,4'-diaponeurosporene