title: Immunogenicity and protective efficacy of a formalin-inactivated rotavirus vaccine combined with lipid adjuvants.
abstract: The immunogenicity and protective efficacy of inactivated rotavirus vaccine administered intramuscularly with lipid adjuvants; MPL (monophosphoryl lipid A from Salmonella minnesota) or L3 (monooleate/lauric acid) was evaluated in an infant mouse model. Purified and formalin-inactivated rhesus rotavirus (I-RRV) combined with one of the adjuvants were administered to female balb/c mice at 0, 4 and 8 weeks. High serum IgG antibody titers developed in all vaccinated groups; I-RRV (GMT 45524+/-9819), I-RRV-MPL (GMT 190637+/-64250) and I-RRV-L3 (GMT 126266+/-27553). The formalin-inactivation procedure preserved neutralizing epitopes and elicited high neutralizing antibody titers; I-RRV (GMT 43053 S.E.M.+/-4189), I-RRV-MPL (GMT 66398 S.E.M.+/-20202) and I-RRV-L3 (GMT 60887 S.E.M.+/-10750). All offsprings to immunized dams were protected against clinical diarrhea upon oral challenge with RRV. The IgG1/IgG2a ratio was in all immunized groups approximately 1 suggesting development of a balanced Th1/Th2 response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Swedish Institute for Infectious Disease Control, Karolinska Institute, S-171 82, Solna, Sweden. kari.johansen@smi.ki.se
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Johansen
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Svensson
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde; D007114:Immunization; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D008055:Lipids; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008055:Lipids; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D005557:Formaldehyde