title: Anxiety scores before and after prenatal testing for congenital anomalies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prenatal diagnosis has psychological effects on the pregnant woman. We studied the state of anxiety levels in 332 pregnant women presenting between the 12th and 20th week of gestation before and after prenatal examination with negative and positive prenatal findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prenatal examination produced a positive finding in 37 cases (11.1%). Both before and after prenatal examination pregnant women with a positive finding showed significantly higher anxiety-scales when compared to women with a negative result. After the examination state-anxiety levels were significantly reduced with a negative prenatal scan, whereas anxiety levels remained constant with a positive result.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prenatal testing for fetal anomalies presents an anxiety-inducing situation for the parents-to-be. If the results are negative, anxiety is reduced. Pregnant women who are confronted with a positive malformation scan show unchanged levels of anxiety after the examination.
authors.affiliation: Unit for Prenatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Lübeck, Germany. Kowalcek@t-online-de
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kowalcek
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lammers
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brunk
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bieniakiewicz
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gembruch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008423:Maternal Age; D011247:Pregnancy; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires