title: [An eight-factor analysis of early skeletal Class II malocclusion using Fränkel appliance].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the change of eight-factor after Fränkel appliance treatment in skeletal class II malocclusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  X-ray cephalometric film.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fränkel appliance can be used to enhance the growth of ramus (Factor 2) and body (Factor 1) of the mandible, decrease the angle of cranial base (Factor 8) and made the maxilla rotate (Factor 4) anteriorly, which were benefit to the treatment of class II malocclusion. However, neither the vertical (Factor 5) and sagittal (Factor 3) growth of maxilla nor the height of posterior alveolar bone (Factor 6) can be inhibited by use of Fränkel appliance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fränkel appliance is suitable to the treatment of class II patients with deficient mandible and almost normal maxilla, while Fränkel appliance would rather not be used for patients with overgrown maxilla or vertical growth pattern.
authors.affiliation: College of Stomatology, West China University of Medical Sciences.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000254:growth & development; D008437:Maxilla / Q000254:growth & development; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional