title: Microemulsions are highly effective anti-biofilm agents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The demonstration of the antibiofilm effects of pharmaceutical microemulsions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microemulsions were prepared as physically stable oil/water systems. Previous work by this group has shown that microemulsions are highly effective antimembrane agents that result in rapid losses of viability in planktonic populations of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. In this experiment a microemulsion preparation was used upon established biofilm cultures of Ps. aeruginosa PA01 for a period of 4 h. The planktonic MIC of sodium pyrithione and the planktonic and biofilm MICs of cetrimide were used as positive controls and a biofilm was exposed to a volume of normal sterile saline as a treatment (negative) control. Results indicate three log-cycle reductions in viability within the microemulsion treated biofilm, as compared to those observed in control treatments of similar biofilms (one log-cycle reduction in viabilities).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that the microemulsions are highly effective antibiofilm agents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that microemulsions may have a role in the treatment of industrial and environmental biofilms.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy & Medical Technology, University of Petra, Amman, Jordan, School of Contemporary Sciences, University of Abertay Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: I S I
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Al-Adham
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Al-Hmoud
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kierans
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Collier
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects*; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004655:Emulsions