title: Health-related quality of life of cancer and noncancer patients in Medicare managed care.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Data from the Health Care Financing Administration's (HCFA) Medicare Health Outcomes Survey (MHOS) of patients enrolled in managed care services through Medicare were analyzed. The MHOS provided baseline estimates of quality of life of cancer survivors in comparison to a frequency age-matched cohort of noncancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1998, the MHOS was mailed to a random sample of 279,135 beneficiaries. Completed surveys were received from 167,096 respondents (60%). Some 22,747 respondents who had been diagnosed with cancer were frequency age matched to an equal number of noncancer patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cancer survivors had statistically significantly poorer scores than noncancer patients on all eight subscales as well as on the Physical Component and Mental Component summary measures of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-36 (MOS SF-36). Comparisons by type and number of cancers for which an individual was currently in treatment showed lowest quality of life for those in treatment for lung carcinoma, followed by those who were in treatment for more than one type of cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that cancer shows negative effects on health-related quality of life that are not explainable by simple effects of age because frequency age-matched cancer survivors had statistically significantly lower scores on all 10 scores of the MOS SF-36. Effect sizes are evaluated to determine the clinical significance of these differences in health-related quality of life. The MHOS offers useful data for planning and improving cancer policy and programs.
authors.affiliation: Behavioral Research Center, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. fbaker@cancer.org
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Samuel C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Haffer
authors.forename: Maxine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Denniston
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004194:Disease / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008329:Managed Care Programs; D006278:Medicare; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States