title: Evaluation of fresh and frozen-thawed semen of individual ganders by assessment of spermatozoa motility and morphology.
abstract: Individual differences in gander Anser anser L. reaction to semen collection procedure, quality and quantity of fresh semen and its susceptibility to the freezing process are discussed. Semen was collected individually by dorso-abdominal massage, from 1-year old White Koluda ganders (n = 12) every 2-3 days. Ganders' reactions to massage were observed during the entire reproductive cycle (from 11 February to 13 June, from every male 40 semen collections were performed). For individual evaluation and freezing purpose semen was collected 13 times from every male. In the fresh semen, the following parameters were evaluated: ejaculate volume, color, density, blood or fecal contamination, motility, concentration and morphology of spermatozoa. Motility and spermatozoa morphology were evaluated in the frozen-thawed semen. Semen diluted in 2:1 ratio with EK diluent was frozen with 6% of dimethyl-formamide (DMF) to -140 degrees C at a rate 60 degrees C/min. Semen was thawed by placing the straws in a 60 degrees C water-bath for 4-5 s. Ten out of 12 ganders had from 67.5 to 100.0% positive reactions resulting in semen ejaculation. Significant (P < or = 0.01) differences in fresh semen quality of particular ganders were observed for all evaluated traits. In 1-year-old gander semen morphologically intact spermatozoa constitute only 27.8-45.2% of all cells. Therefore, the sperm quality factor (SQF), proposed by the authors, which includes ejaculate volume, sperm concentration and the percentage of live normal spermatozoa, seems to be a good predictor of gander semen fertilizing ability. The SQF of individual ganders varied from 7.7 to 11.5. The percentage of live normal spermatozoa in the frozen-thawed semen depended mainly on fresh semen quality. In relation to the fresh semen average from 57.2 to 63.2% of spermatozoa survived freezing process and from 23.9 to 38.5% remained morphologically intact.
authors.affiliation: Poultry Breeding Department, Institute of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Wroclaw, Poland. ewa@gen.ar.wroc.pl
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Łukaszewicz
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kruszyński
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005777:Geese / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D012661:Semen / Q000166:cytology*; D012662:Semen Preservation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000662:veterinary; D013076:Sperm Count / Q000662:veterinary; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004126:Dimethylformamide