title: Ultrasonic-induced nucleation of ice in water containing air bubbles.
abstract: Cavitation induced by ultrasonic vibrations can cause nucleation of ice in supercooled water. In this study, the time required for ultrasonic-induced nucleation of ice was measured for water containing two different size distributions of air bubbles. When the water was supersaturated with air bubbles, there was a time lag of about 0.5 s between the onset of ultrasonic irradiation and the onset of ice nucleation, and the probability of ice nucleation was unusually high within 0.5-1.1 s after the onset of ultrasonic irradiation. These results cannot be explained by conventional models alone, in which the collapse of a cavitation bubble triggers the nucleation of ice. Secondary effects appear to also influence ice nucleation.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Energy Utilization, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-2-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8564, Japan.
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inada
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tezuka