title: Effect of oral vitamin E supplementation in children with cholestasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Malabsorption and deficiency of vitamin E are common consequences of chronic cholestasis. The objective of this study was to determine vitamin E status by using plasma vitamin E/total lipid ratio (E/L) in children with cholestasis during supplementation with 20 IU/kg/day and 100 IU/kg/day of oral vitamin E capsule, and 50 IU/kg/day of cold water soluble form (CWSIF) of vitamin E.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children with cholestasis who were being supplemented with 20 IU/kg/day of oral vitamin E capsule (dl-alpha-tocopherol) were enrolled into this study. After initial evaluation for vitamin E status and liver function, doses of oral vitamin E supplementation were increased to 100 IU/kg/day for 1 month. Then, supplementation was switched to 50 IU/kg/day of CWS/F vitamin E for 1 month. Vitamin E status was assessed by using plasma E/L after each period of supplementation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven children with biliary atresia, aged between 2 and 18 months, were studied. Their median weight standard deviation score (SDS) was -1.35 and median height SDS was -1.26. The medians of serum direct bilirubin and total bilirubin were 6.5 and 12.9 mg/dl, respectively. Only 2 and 3 out of 9 children had plasma E/L above normal cut-off levels during supplementation with 20 and 100 IU/kg/day of vitamin E capsule, respectively. Additionally, 4 of 9 children had plasma E/L above normal cut-off level after one month's supplementation with 50 IU/kg/day of CWS/F vitamin E. All the responders had serum bilirubin levels less than 4 mg/dl while the remainder with serum direct bilirubin level more than 4 mg/dl had their plasma E/L below normal cut-off levels in spite of any vitamin E supplementation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral vitamin E supplementation with 20 IU/kg/day and 100 IU/kg/day of vitamin E capsule and with 50 IU/kg/day of CWS/F vitamin E were able to normalize vitamin E status in a few cholestatic children who had serum direct bilirubin levels less them 4 mg/dl. In cases of serum direct bilirubin more than 4 mg/dl, neither of vitamin E supplementations was able to correct the vitamin E deficiency status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
authors.forename: Rawiwan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roongpraiwan
authors.forename: Umaporn
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Suthutvoravut
authors.forename: Belen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Feungpean
authors.forename: Pornpimon
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Phuapradit
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014810:Vitamin E