title: Immuno-gene therapy with adenoviruses expressing fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand and CD40 ligand for mouse hepatoma cells in vivo.
abstract: Introduction of genes encoding immuno-stimulatory cytokines into cancer cells is known to enhance antitumor immunity. CD40 ligand (CD40L, CD154) and fms-like tyrosine kinase 3 ligand (Flt3L) are recently identified cytokines, which have been demonstrated to stimulate antitumor immunity in several cancer models. However little is known about antitumor activity of Ftl3L and CD40L against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In the present study, we constructed replication-defective adenoviruses expressing Flt3L and CD40L and examined their therapeutic efficacy on mouse HCC, MH134 cells. Subcutaneous injection of MH134 cells genetically engineered to express Flt3L and/or CD40L developed tumors in all the syngeneic immunocompetent mice, but tumor growth was significantly delayed as compared to control mice. Partial inhibition of this antitumor effect in athymic nude mice suggests that both innate and adaptive immunity appear to play a role. It was shown by immunodepletion of NK cells with anti-asialo-GM1 antibody that the effector cells involved in innate immunity are NK cells. In a therapeutic setting, however, injection of adenovirus expressing Flt3L or CD40L into pre-established MH134 tumors exhibited no efficacy. These data demonstrate that Flt3L and CD40L induce significant, but only weak, antitumor immunity against MH134 cells presumably through both innate and adaptive immunity. Our results suggest that immuno-gene therapy with Flt3L and CD40L may need adjuvant modalities to achieve strong immune response.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagi
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagayama
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saeki
authors.forename: Koujirou
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Tatsuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamasaki
authors.forename: Nobuko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Katsumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eguchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D003673:Defective Viruses / Q000235:genetics; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D017921:Mastadenovirus / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000637:transplantation
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C084881:flt3 ligand protein; D023201:CD40 Ligand