title: Low-dose gadobenate dimeglumine versus standard dose gadopentetate dimeglumine for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the liver: an intra-individual crossover comparison.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA) has a two-fold higher T1 relaxivity compared with gadopentetate dimeglumine (Gd-DTPA) and can be used for both dynamic and delayed liver MRI. This intraindividual, crossover study was conducted to compare 0.05 mmol/kg Gd-BOPTA with 0.1 mmol/kg Gd-DTPA for liver MRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients underwent two identical MR examinations separated by >or= 72 hours. Precontrast T1-FLASH-2D and T2-TSE sequences and postcontrast T1-FLASH-2D sequences were acquired during the dynamic and delayed (1-2 hours) phases after each contrast injection. Images were evaluated on-site by two independent, blinded off-site readers in terms of confidence for lesion detection, lesion number, character and diagnosis, enhancement pattern, lesion-to-liver contrast, and benefit of dynamic and delayed scans. Additional on-site evaluation was performed of the overall diagnostic value of each agent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Superior diagnostic confidence was noted by on-site investigators and off-site assessors 1 and 2 for 6, 4 and 2 patients with Gd-BOPTA, and for 3, 1 and 2 patients with Gd-DTPA, respectively. No consistent differences were noted for other parameters on dynamic phase images whereas greater lesion-to-liver contrast was noted for more patients on delayed images after Gd-BOPTA. More correct diagnoses of histologically confirmed lesions (n = 26) were made with the complete Gd-BOPTA image set than with the complete Gd-DTPA set (reader 1: 68% vs. 59%; reader 2: 78% vs. 68%). The overall diagnostic value was considered superior after Gd-BOPTA in seven patients and after Gd-DTPA in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The additional diagnostic information on delayed imaging, combined with the possibility to use a lower overall dose to obtain similar diagnostic information on dynamic imaging, offers a distinct clinical advantage for Gd-BOPTA for liver MRI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University Hospital, Kirrberger Strasse, Homburg/Saar, Germany. ragsne@uniklinik-saarland.de
authors.forename: Gunther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schultze Kool
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rummeny
authors.forename: Hans-Bjorn
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Gehl
authors.forename: Klaus-Peter
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lodemann
authors.forename: Miles A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kirchin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C064572:gadobenic acid; D008536:Meglumine; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA