title: Quantitative immunohistochemical investigation of the intrinsic vasodilator innervation of the guinea pig lingual artery.
abstract: The vasculature of the guinea pig tongue is supplied by parasympathetic vasodilator nerve fibres of intrinsic origin. Here, we investigated first to what extent neuropeptides and the synthesizing enzymes of NO, CO and acetylcholine are contained and colocalized within periarterial lingual vasodilator axons of intrinsic origin. Then it was determined whether perivascular innervation by these fibre types changes with vascular diameter, in particular in comparison with the sensory substance P (SP)-positive and sympathetic noradrenergic vascular innervation. To this end, single, double and triple labelling histochemical techniques were performed on control tongues and tongues kept in short-term organotypic culture to induce degeneration of extrinsically originating nerve fibres. Cell bodies of intrinsic microganglia and their periarterial axons contained, simultaneously, NO synthase, vasoactive intestinal peptide and the acetylcholine-synthesizing enzyme choline acetyltransferase. Additionally, neuropeptide Y (NPY) was observed in a small percentage (12%) of neurons that increased to 39% after 36 h of organotypic culture. The CO synthesizing enzyme heme oxygenase-2 was detected only in perikarya but not in periarterial axons. Intrinsic vasodilator fibres were invariably present at arteries down to a luminal diameter of 150 microm, and reached 65% of section profiles of smallest arterioles, while noradrenergic and substance P-positive axons reached 80% of arteriolar profiles. These findings show that the intrinsic lingual vasodilator innervation of the guinea pig is far extending although slightly less developed than that by sensory and sympathetic axons, and differs both in this aspect and in patterns of colocalization from that reported for other organs, e.g. lung and pelvic organs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Justus-Liebig-University, Rudolf-Buchheim-Str 7, D-35385 Giessen, Germany. Michael.Henrich@anatomie.med.uni-giessen.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henrich
authors.forename: Rainer V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Haberberger
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hempelmann
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kummer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology; D001369:Axons / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000201:enzymology; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000032:analysis; D046508:Culture Techniques; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009249:NADP / Q000032:analysis; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000032:analysis; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000032:analysis; D010275:Parasympathetic Nervous System / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D013373:Substance P / Q000032:analysis; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D014059:Tongue / Q000098:blood supply*; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000032:analysis; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000032:analysis; D014664:Vasodilation
chemical_list: D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D013373:Substance P; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D009249:NADP; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); C105245:heme oxygenase-2; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase