title: Antibody microarray profiling of human prostate cancer sera: antibody screening and identification of potential biomarkers.
abstract: We developed a practical strategy for serum protein profiling using antibody microarrays and applied the method to the identification of potential biomarkers in prostate cancer serum. Protein abundances from 33 prostate cancer and 20 control serum samples were compared to abundances from a common reference pool using a two-color fluorescence assay. Robotically spotted microarrays containing 184 unique antibodies were prepared on two different substrates: polyacrylamide based hydrogels on glass and poly-1-lysine coated glass with a photoreactive cross-linking layer. The hydrogel substrate yielded an average six-fold higher signal-to-noise ratio than the other substrate, and detection of protein binding was possible from a greater number of antibodies using the hydrogels. A statistical filter based on the correlation of data from "reverse-labeled" experiment sets accurately predicted the agreement between the microarray measurements and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measurements, showing that this parameter can serve to screen for antibodies that are functional on microarrays. Having defined a set of reliable microarray measurements, we identified five proteins (von Willebrand Factor, immunoglobulinM, Alpha1-antichymotrypsin, Villin and immunoglobulinG) that had significantly different levels between the prostate cancer samples and the controls. These developments enable the immediate use of high-density antibody and protein microarrays in biomarker discovery studies.
authors.affiliation: The Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA.
authors.forename: Jeremy C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Heping
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwekel
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cavallo
authors.forename: Jocelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: E Brian
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.forename: Bin S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Teh
authors.forename: Brian B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Haab
mesh_terms: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D000514:alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001798:Blood Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D000514:alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; C026615:villin; D014841:von Willebrand Factor