Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel inhibitor of apoptosis protein from Xenopus laevis.
A novel inhibitor of apoptosis protein family member termed SIX was identified in Xenopus containing a single baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domain and no COOH-terminal RING finger domain. It exhibited striking amino acid sequence similarity with human survivin, mouse TIAP, and recently found Xenopus survivin, especially a part of BIR domain was highly conserved. Interestingly, SIX interacted with RXRalpha through the AF2 domain in the absence of ligand, which was weakened when the ligand was present. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that SIX mRNA was not detectable in adult with exception of the ovary and testis, and whole-mount in situ hybridization and Northern blot analyses revealed strong and homogeneous expression of SIX in the developing oocytes. In the embryos, the expression of SIX was observed in the animal hemisphere from one-cell to yolk plug stages and high level of expression was detected in the future brain and dorsal region of the neural tube at the neurula stage and early tail-bud stage. These results strongly support the fact that survivin is evolutionarily conserved in structure and SIX is likely to be the Xenopus counterpart of human and mouse survivin.
Song
KwangHoon
K
Hormone Research Center, Chonnam National University, Kwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
Kim
Tae-Moon
TM
Kim
Han-Jong
HJ
Kim
Jung Woo
JW
Kim
Hong-Hee
HH
Kwon
Hyuk Bang
HB
Kim
Won Sun
WS
Choi
Hueng-Sik
HS
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011485:Protein Binding; D011506:Proteins; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D000077022:Survivin; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000502:physiology*
C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D000077022:Survivin; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C472712:birc5.2 protein, Xenopus