title: [Surgical treatment and reconstruction for the patients with advanced-stage tonsillar cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the operative approach and reconstruction for the patients with advanced-stage tonsillar cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  7 cases with advanced-stage tonsillar cancer were operated from Dec. 1994 to May 1999. Among them, 5 cases were operated through combined neck-mandible-oral cavity approach (CNMOCA) and with immediate reconstruction. Forearm free skin (FFS) flaps were applied in 3 cases. Pectoralis major myocutaneous (PMM) flaps were applied in 2 cases. 2 other cases were operated separately through approach of oral cavity or lateral pharynx. 6 cases were operated with radical neck dissection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  5 cases who were operated through CNMOCA or with reconstruction were followed up from 1 year to 5 years and 3 months. They had not recurrence of tumor and complication. All had function recovery of speech. Swallowing or appearance is satisfactory in the 3 cases with FFS flaps. 2 Other cases died as recurrence of tumor in 1 year and 2 years and 10 months post-operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CNMOCA is able to provide a good exposure method to remove the extensive tumors completely for the patients with advanced stage tonsillar cancer. It is necessary to reconstruct immediately for the patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Second Affiliated Hospital, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014067:Tonsillar Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*