title: Changes in the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha, TNFalpha receptor (TNFR) 2, and TNFR-associated factor 2 in granulosa cells during atresia in pig ovaries.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) alpha can induce both cell death and cell proliferation and exerts its effects by binding to either TNF receptor (TNFR) 1 or 2. When TNFalpha-bound TNFR2 interacts with TNFR-associated factor 2 (TRAF2), expression of survival/antiapoptotic genes is up-regulated. In the present study we determined the changes in localization of TNFalpha and TRAF2 and their mRNAs and the expression of TNFR2 in granulosa cells during follicular atresia in pig ovaries. In healthy follicles, intense signals for TNFalpha and TRAF2 and their mRNAs were demonstrated in the outer zone of the granulosa layer, where many proliferating cells and no apoptotic cells were observed. In atretic follicles, decreased or trace staining for TRAF2 and its mRNA and decreased expression of TNFR2 were observed in the granulosa layer, where many apoptotic cells were seen. These findings suggested that TNFalpha acts as a survival factor in granulosa cells during follicular atresia in pig ovaries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Mizuho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Manabe
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Toshikatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005260:Female; D005496:Follicular Atresia / Q000378:metabolism*; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism*; D047992:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D011506:Proteins; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D047992:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha