title: Correlation of the genotypes for N-acetyltransferases 1 and 2 with double bladder and prostate cancers in a case-comparison study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The arylamine N-acetyltransferases play a major role in the metabolic activation of carcinogenic amines that are present in cigarette smoke and a variety of other exogenous sources. The objective of this study was to determine the association of rapid or slow arylamine N-acetyltransferase (NAT) genotypes with smoking history and the risk for developing both bladder and prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects analyzed were a case group of 17 double-cancer patients and 34 age-matched controls who had benign prostatic hypertrophy, but were asymptomatic for prostate or bladder cancers. Genotyping of NAT1 and NAT2 alleles was done by restriction fragment length polymorphism and/or sequencing of NAT genes amplified from genomic DNAs by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant correlation was found between NAT1 genotypes, double cancer, and smoking history. While NAT2-smoking interaction gave an odds ratio of only 1.70 (p = 0.117), a disproportionate number of cancer cases were genotypically rapid: 12 of 17 cancer cases vs. 13 of 34 controls (odds ratio 3.88; p = 0.040).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rapid NAT2 genotype correlated significantly with the development of double prostate-bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, VA Medical Center, Syracuse, NY, USA. wangc@upstate.edu
authors.forename: Ching Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Richard F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Debiec-Rychter
authors.forename: Gyorgyike
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soos
authors.forename: Gabriel P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Haas
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; C089384:N-acetyltransferase 1; C478900:NAT2 protein, human