title: Jumping versus nonjumping anterior cruciate ligament injuries: a comparison of pathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare pathology in knees with an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury as a result of a jumping mechanism with knees injured from a nonjumping mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective study of 263 consecutive patients with a complete ACL tear and no subsequent giving way episodes nor reinjuries prior to undergoing an ACL reconstruction. The patients were placed into one of two groups: those with knees injured as a result of a jumping injury, and those with knees injured as a result of a nonjumping injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was performed at the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees undergoing ACL reconstruction. Two hundred thirty-eight (91%) of the patients were injured while participating in sports.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intra-articular pathology documented prospectively at the time of arthroscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Knees injured as a result of a jumping mechanism had a higher incidence of medial (p = 0.05) and lateral (p = 0.03) meniscal tears and a lower incidence of medial collateral ligament injuries (p = 0.05). No difference in arthroscopic articular cartilage injuries was seen between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that identifying jumping as a mechanism of ACL tears is important, since a jumping mechanism is associated with a significantly increased meniscus tear rate and may predispose this population to future degenerative changes.
authors.affiliation: Section of Sports Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Kurt P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Spindler
authors.forename: Jack T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Andrish
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Secic
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bergfeld
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies