title: Obesity in a rural and an urban Palestinian West Bank population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the prevalence of obesity, household food consumption patterns, physical activity patterns and smoking between a rural and an urban community in the Palestinian West Bank and to describe the associations of the latter factors with body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based cross-sectional survey in a rural and an urban Palestinian West Bank community.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 549 women and 387 men aged 30-65 y, excluding pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obesity was defined as BMI >/=30 kg/m(2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of obesity was 36.8 and 18.1% in rural women and men, respectively, compared with 49.1 and 30.6% in urban women and men, respectively. The mean difference (s.e) in BMI levels was 1.6 (0.52) kg/m(2) between urban and rural women and 0.9 (0.46) kg/m(2) in men. At the household level, the mean energy consumption from 25 selected food items was 13.8 MJ (3310 kcal)/consumption unit/day in the rural community compared to 14.5 MJ (3474 kcal)/consumption unit/day in the urban community (P=0.021). BMI was positively associated with age in both men and women and with urban residence in women. BMI was negatively associated with smoking and physical activity in men and with educational level in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BMI was associated with urban residence in women after adjusting for age, smoking, education, physical activity and nutrition-related variables, suggesting that the differences in the conventional determinants of obesity could not fully explain the difference in the prevalence of obesity between the two communities. Among men, the measured determinants explained the rural-urban differences in BMI.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Community and Public Health, Birzeit University, West Bank, Palestinian Authority. hhalabi@birzeit.edu
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Abdul-Rahim
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Holmboe-Ottesen
authors.forename: L C M
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Stene
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Husseini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giacaman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jervell
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bjertness
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D018912:Arabs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008877:Middle East / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015995:Prevalence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012423:Rural Health; D014504:Urban Health