title: Fetal cardiac function assessed by Doppler myocardial performance index (Tei Index).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Tei Index (TI) is a useful, non-invasive, Doppler-derived myocardial performance tool which can be used to assess aspects of systolic and diastolic function. The aim of this study was to determine normal values of fetal left ventricular (LV) TI in second- and third- trimester fetuses and to compare these to other values reported in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Doppler waveforms of the LV outflow tracts were obtained in 74 second- and early third-trimester fetuses. The LV isovolumic contraction time (ICT), isovolumic relaxation time (IRT) and ejection time (ET) were measured and the TI calculated using the formula (ICT + IRT)/ET. The literature on LV myocardial function in the fetus was also reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The normal TI in second- and early third-trimester fetuses (18-31 weeks' gestation) was 0.53 +/- 0.13. The ICT was 43 +/- 14 ms, the ET was 173 +/- 16 ms and the IRT was 48 +/- 13 ms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The TI can be easily obtained in the fetus without the need for precise anatomic imaging. The TI may be a useful tool to explore fetal myocardial function in different clinical situations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics/Division of Pediatric Cardiology, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital, New York, NY 10025, USA. dfriedman@slrhc.org
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buyon
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Glickstein
mesh_terms: D003971:Diastole; D018619:Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D005318:Fetal Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology; D006340:Heart Rate, Fetal / Q000502:physiology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012016:Reference Values; D013599:Systole; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000592:standards*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*