title: Emergency department visits by demented patients with malfunctioning feeding tubes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Objective data indicate that feeding tubes in demented patients may not be efficacious and can have serious complications, but no study characterizes emergency department resource utilization for these patients. This study aimed to evaluate the incidence and resource utilization related to feeding tube malfunction in demented patients visiting the emergency department.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review for all demented patients visiting the emergency department with malfunctioning feeding tubes from September 1999 to May 2001 was conducted. Demographic data, diagnoses, type of tube, length of emergency department stay, method of transportation to the emergency department, consultations, laboratory evaluation, x-ray data, and total hospital and ambulance charges were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 138 emergency department visits by 33 patients occurred during this period (range of visits per patients, 1-21; mean, 4.1 +/- 4.3). Malfunctions occurred in 61 percutaneous endoscopically placed gastric tubes, 37 jejunostomy tubes, 34 gastric tubes, 4 endoscopically placed gastrostomy and jejunostomy tubes, and 2 percutaneous endoscopically placed jejunostomy tubes. This required 108 ambulance round-trips to and from the emergency department. The most frequent complication was unintentional dislodgement (n = 125). The average length of stay was 2.6 +/- 1.6 h. All the patients were seen by an emergency department physician. In addition, there were 99 surgical and 26 gastroenterology consultations about these patients. The total hospital charges, not including physician fees, were 86,234.48 dollars, and the total reimbursement (actual) from Medicare for ambulance charges was 57,664.00 dollars. During the same 21-month period, 42 feeding tubes were placed for dementia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expense of emergency department visits for tube dislodgment or malfunction is a previously unreported issue involved in the tube feeding of demented patients. Extrapolation of our data yields an estimated health care charge of almost $11 million for the country per year.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Stamford Hospital/Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 190 West Broad Street, Stamford, CT 06902, USA.
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Odom
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Docimo
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Bull
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jorgensson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D003704:Dementia / Q000150:complications*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004868:Equipment Failure / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014481:United States