title: [Biofeedback in faecal incontinence].
abstract: Biofeedback training is a well established method for the treatment of faecal incontinence. Prior to any biofeedback training program, a definitive diagnostic study is essential. Idiopathic faecal incontinence is the main indication for biofeedback training. Additional indications are a menacing faecal incontinence after deep anterior rectal excision with restoration of the rectal reservoir by an ileoanal pouch, anal sphincter reconstruction, rectopexy and rectocele repair. Only four studies provide evidence-based medical criteria. These, as well as numerous uncontrolled studies, show the effectiveness of biofeedback training for the treatment of faecal incontinence. Electrical stimulation of the anal sphincter is only shown to be effective in one controlled study in which it was combined with biofeedback training.
authors.affiliation: Chirurgische Klinik I: Visceral-,Gefäss- und Thoraxchirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Benjamin Franklin, Freie Universität Berlin. kroesen@ukbf.fu-berlin.de
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kroesen
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Buhr
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology / Q000379:methods* / Q000502:physiology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000601:surgery