title: A histologic and functional study on cauda equina adhesion induced by multiple level laminectomy.
abstract: METHODS
  A histologic and functional study on cauda equina adhesion induced by multiple-level laminectomy was performed using rats.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relation between the extent of laminectomy and histologic and functional changes of the cauda equina induced by laminectomy.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  It has been demonstrated that laminectomies may induce cauda equina adhesion, transiently or permanently. However, the relation between the extent of laminectomy and histologic and functional changes of the cauda equina induced by laminectomy is still unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sprague-Dawley rats (250-300 g) were used. They were divided into four groups: no-laminectomy group (n = 5) and single, double, and triple level laminectomy groups (n = 20, respectively). At 24 hours and 1, 3, and 6 weeks after laminectomy, rats in each group were killed, and specimens were obtained from L4 to L6. The histologic changes were assessed using the classification of Yamagami. Walking durations on treadmill test and ascending spinal nerve-evoked potential were assessed in laminectomy groups before laminectomy, then weekly for 1 to 6 weeks after laminectomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the greater extent of laminectomy, the decrease in cauda equina adhesions was more delayed. There was no difference in walking durations and ascending spinal nerve-evoked potential between pre- and postlaminectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extent of laminectomy was related to recovery time of induced cauda equina adhesion. However, a delay in recovery from cauda equina adhesion may not produce a recognizable delay in recovery from clinical symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konno
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002420:Cauda Equina / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D007796:Laminectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009043:Motor Activity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function; D013118:Spinal Cord Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology; D013995:Time; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*