title: Selective, stable demethylation of the interleukin-2 gene enhances transcription by an active process.
abstract: A role for DNA demethylation in transcriptional regulation of genes expressed in differentiated somatic cells remains controversial. Here, we define a small region in the promoter-enhancer of the interleukin-2 (Il2) gene that demethylates in T lymphocytes following activation, and remains demethylated thereafter. This epigenetic change was necessary and sufficient to enhance transcription in reporter plasmids. The demethylation process started as early as 20 minutes after stimulation and was not prevented by a G1 to S phase cell cycle inhibitor that blocks DNA replication. These results imply that this demethylation process proceeds by an active enzymatic mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-0420, USA.
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bruniquel
authors.forename: Ronald H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology; D019175:DNA Methylation / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D020123:Sirolimus