title: Glycoprotein A-80 in the human prostate: immunolocalization in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia, carcinoma, radiation failure, and after neoadjuvant hormonal therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the expression of A-80 in prostate cancer and prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia and compare it with that of normal and hyperplastic prostatic tissue. The ability to recognize cancer after androgen deprivation therapy and residual and/or recurrent cancer after radiotherapy using A-80 staining was also examined. A-80 is a glycoprotein linked to exocrine differentiation that shows little or no expression in normal exocrine cells, but is selectively overexpressed in dysplasias and adenocarcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 277 prostate samples with a monoclonal antibody (MAb) to A-80. We applied this MAb to paraffin sections of specimens of fetal (n = 12), benign prostatic hyperplasia (n = 26, from transurethral prostate resection specimens), atypical adenomatous hyperplasia (n = 11), prostate cancer (n = 103, from radical prostatectomy specimens), and autopsy (n = 7) tissue. In addition, 54 prostatectomy specimens after androgen-deprivation therapy and 64 specimens after radiotherapy were similarly studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MAb A-80 stained the epithelial component of all 12 prostate specimens from fetal tissue; no staining was seen in normal adult prostatic tissue (0 of 7). In benign prostatic hyperplasia, sporadic cells reacted in 13% of cases (4 of 30); the atypical adenomatous hyperplasia samples were all negative (0 of 11). In patients with prostate cancer, more than 99% (102 of 103) stained positive, regardless of the grade or stage of cancer. Low and high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia reacted in 73% (38 of 52) and 92% (77 of 84) of cases, respectively. All 64 (100%) salvage prostatectomy samples after external beam radiotherapy stained positive for A-80. Carcinoma subsequent to neoadjuvant hormonal therapy stained positive in 98% (53 of 54) of cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A-80 is useful in differentiating benign prostatic hyperplasia and atypical adenomatous hyperplasia from prostate cancer. Also, the strong A-80 reactions in most high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia provide strong molecular support to the precancerous nature of the lesion. In particular, A-80 staining of biopsies may be useful in detecting residual and/or recurrent prostate carcinoma after radiation or hormonal therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Rush-Presbyterian St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Coogan
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Bostwick
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Bloom
authors.forename: Victor E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Gould
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000601:surgery; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019048:Prostatic Intraepithelial Neoplasia / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D006023:Glycoproteins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen