title: Detection of TT virus (TTV) in children and youth with chronic viral hepatitis B and C.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  TTV is a newly discovered virus and little is known about the frequency of TTV infection in children in Poland. The aim of our study was to investigate the frequency of TTV infection in children with chronic viral hepatitis B and C.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patient groups were tested: 74 patients with chronic hepatitis B aged 4 to 20 years, and 13 patients with chronic hepatitis C aged 10 to 18 years. Nucleic acids were extracted from serum using the spin column technique (QIAGEN(r), Hilden, Germany), and TTV DNA sequences were amplified by nested PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TTV DNA was found in 47.3% of patients with chronic hepatitis B and in 53.8% of patients with hepatitis C. Among those patients with chronic B hepatitis there was no statistical difference between the frequency of coinfection with TTV and clinical-histopathological diagnosis, activity of aminotransaminases, frequency of seroconversion of HBeAg to antiHBe, or interferon alpha therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In Poland, TTV viremia is frequent in patients with chronic viral hepatitis B and C. TTV coinfection did not modify the course and activity of chronic hepatitis B or influence the outcome of interferon therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Medical University, Wrocłow, Poland. szenborn@zak.am.wroc.pl
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Szenborn
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoehne
authors.forename: Izabela
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zalewska
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gruszka
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kacprzak-Bergman
authors.forename: Eckart
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schreier
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000378:metabolism; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000378:metabolism; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D022783:Torque teno virus / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D016898:Interferon-alpha