title: Novel concepts in the staging of renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: The incidence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) continues to rise steadily; unfortunately, our ability to cure patients with metastatic RCC remains limited. When developing and evaluating new treatment protocols, it is important to consider the role of prognostic factors, often defined as pretreatment features, that are predictive of outcome. The complexity and variability of patients' individual clinical outcome and the recently recognized limitation of conventional staging systems have lead to the formulation of integrated prognostic staging systems. In this review, we discuss the evolution of various clinically relevant integrated staging systems for RCC.
authors.affiliation: Urology Department, Oncology Department, Assaf-Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin 70300, Israel.
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leibovici
authors.forename: Arie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.forename: Avishay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sella
authors.forename: Amnon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zisman
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate