title: [Study of quinolones resistance in Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas areuginosa].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the factors of quinolone-resistance mediating in Escherichia coli(E. coli), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas areuginosa(P. areuginosa) and examine the characteristic changes and quinolones resistance of these bacteria after exposing them to quinolones, dye-materials, and ultraviolet respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  The agar plate inoculating on surface and tube broth two-fold dilution methods were adopted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Quinolone-resistance was mainly mediated by repeated exposure of the bacteria to low level concentration of quinolone. No quinolone-resistance was found after exposure of the bacteria to ultra-violet and dye materials such as Ethidium bromide and Acry-orange. Among the three kinds of bacteria, E. coli tended to have stable high level of quinolone- resistance(MICs > or = 256 mg/L). S. aureus acquired mediate level of quinolone-resistance(MICs < or = 32 mg/L). P. aeruginosa acquired a high but not stable level(MICs > or = 256 mg/L) of resistance. These bacteria were cultured in the concentration of 1/2 x MIC, 1 x MIC, 2 x MIC, 4 x MIC, 5 x MIC ciprofloxacin, and were compared with those cultured in the same concentration of sparfloxacin and cefotaxime. After being affected by ciprofloxacin, the E. coli underwent apparent morphologic changes, such as becoming wider(2-3 times), longer(10-30 times), thread-like, and fewer in number. These changes were consistent with the increase of quinolone concentrations. The morphologic changes in P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were not so obvious as those in E. coli. Sparfloxacin and cefotaxime mainly led to the decrease in the numbers of bacteria. When the concentration of Sparfloxacin and cefotaxime were 4 x MICs, the changes of P. aeruginosa and S. aureus were less obvious.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The bacteria's quinolone-resistance is mainly induced by the quinolone itself. The quinolone-resistance is more likely occur in E. coli than in P. aeruginosa and S. aureus. After exposure of the bacteria to ciprofloxacin, E. coli might have most apparent morphologic changes and occurrence resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital, WCUMS, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin