title: High- and low-alcohol-preferring mice show differences in conditioned taste aversion to alcohol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genetic differences in sensitivity to the aversive effects of alcohol may contribute to alcohol drinking behavior. The present study examined the development of conditioned taste aversion (CTA) to various doses of alcohol in two pairs of mouse lines selectively bred for high (HAP) and low (LAP) alcohol preference.
  
  
  METHODS
  Alcohol-naïve, male and female HAP and LAP mice from both replicate 1 (HAP n = 29; LAP n = 28) and replicate 2 (HAP n = 34; LAP n = 35) were adapted to a 2-hr per day water restriction regimen. During five conditioning trials at 48 hr intervals, mice received an intraperitoneal injection of saline or 2 g/kg or 4 g/kg alcohol immediately following 1 hr of access to a 0.20 M NaCl solution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LAP mice of both replicates showed a significantly greater magnitude of CTA to both 2 g/kg and 4 g/kg alcohol compared with HAP mice of both replicates. There were no line differences in consumption of the NaCl solution in the saline control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that mice selectively bred for low alcohol preference are more sensitive to the development of alcohol CTA than mice selectively bred for high alcohol preference. The present findings indicate that common genes mediate both alcohol preference and the aversive effects of alcohol as measured in the CTA paradigm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, 462023, USA.
authors.forename: Julia A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Chester
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lumeng
authors.forename: Ting-Kai
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Grahame
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013045:Species Specificity; D013649:Taste / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol