title: Electrical coupling of single cardiac rat myocytes to field-effect and bipolar transistors.
abstract: A novel bipolar transistor for extracellular recording the electrical activity of biological cells is presented, and the electrical behavior compared with the field-effect transistor (FET). Electrical coupling is examined between single cells separated from the heart of adults rats (cardiac myocytes) and both types of transistors. To initiate a local extracellular voltage, the cells are periodically stimulated by a patch pipette in voltage clamp and current clamp mode. The local extracellular voltage is measured by the planar integrated electronic sensors: the bipolar and the FET. The small signal transistor currents correspond to the local extracellular voltage. The two types of sensor transistors used here were developed and manufactured in the laboratory of our institute. The manufacturing process and the interfaces between myocytes and transistors are described. The recordings are interpreted by way of simulation based on the point-contact model and the single cardiac myocyte model.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Microelectronics and Solid-State Electronics, Technical University Berlin, D-10587 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kind
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Issing
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Bernt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000669:Amplifiers, Electronic; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000502:physiology; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D008959:Models, Neurological; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D014173:Transistors, Electronic
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible