title: Molecular cloning and characterization of a novel inhibitor of apoptosis protein from Xenopus laevis.
abstract: A novel inhibitor of apoptosis protein family member termed SIX was identified in Xenopus containing a single baculoviral IAP repeat (BIR) domain and no COOH-terminal RING finger domain. It exhibited striking amino acid sequence similarity with human survivin, mouse TIAP, and recently found Xenopus survivin, especially a part of BIR domain was highly conserved. Interestingly, SIX interacted with RXRalpha through the AF2 domain in the absence of ligand, which was weakened when the ligand was present. Northern blot analysis demonstrated that SIX mRNA was not detectable in adult with exception of the ovary and testis, and whole-mount in situ hybridization and Northern blot analyses revealed strong and homogeneous expression of SIX in the developing oocytes. In the embryos, the expression of SIX was observed in the animal hemisphere from one-cell to yolk plug stages and high level of expression was detected in the future brain and dorsal region of the neural tube at the neurula stage and early tail-bud stage. These results strongly support the fact that survivin is evolutionarily conserved in structure and SIX is likely to be the Xenopus counterpart of human and mouse survivin.
authors.affiliation: Hormone Research Center, Chonnam National University, Kwangju 500-757, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: KwangHoon
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Tae-Moon
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Han-Jong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jung Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hong-Hee
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyuk Bang
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Won Sun
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hueng-Sik
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011485:Protein Binding; D011506:Proteins; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D000077022:Survivin; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D000077022:Survivin; D014157:Transcription Factors; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C472712:birc5.2 protein, Xenopus