title: Preliminary evidence that copper inhibits the degradation of DDT to DDE in pip and stonefruit orchard soils in the Auckland region, New Zealand.
abstract: Orchards (n=13) were sampled as part of a larger survey investigating agrichemical residues (pesticides and trace elements) in cropping soils in the Auckland region, New Zealand. SigmaDDT concentrations in orchard soils ranged from <0.03 to 24.41 mg kg(-1). DDT (o,p'- and p,p'-) comprised at least 40% of the SigmaDDT residues in 67% of orchards in which DDT residues were detected. There was a highly significant negative correlation (-0.924, P<0.001) between copper concentration (21-490 mg kg-1) and the ratio of DDE:DDT (0.4-5.2) in pip and stonefruit orchard soils. In further investigations involving five pip and stone fruit orchard sites and one grazing paddock it was found that soil respiration and the ratio of soil microbial carbon to soil carbon (%Cmic/Org-C) in orchard soils decreased with increasing copper concentration. These findings are consistent with the conclusion that elevated soil copper concentrations in pip and stone fruit orchard soils in the Auckland region may have reduced the ability of the indigenous soil microbial community to degrade DDT to DDE
authors.affiliation: University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand. skg3@waikato.ac.nz
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Gaw
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Wilkins
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental / Q000187:drug effects; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D003634:DDT / Q000378:metabolism*; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene / Q000378:metabolism*; D005638:Fruit; D007306:Insecticides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D003633:Dichlorodiphenyl Dichloroethylene; D003300:Copper; D003634:DDT