title: Alterations in water and electrolyte absorption in the rat colon following neutron irradiation: influence of neutron component and irradiation dose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the absorptive function of rat colon following whole-body exposure to neutron irradiation, either to the same total dose with varying proportion of neutrons or to the same neutron proportion with an increasing irradiation dose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Different proportions of neutron irradiation were produced from the reactor SILENE using a fissile solution of uranium nitrate (8, 47 and 87% neutron). Water and electrolyte fluxes were measured in the rat in vivo under anaesthesia by insertion into the descending colon of an agarose gel cylinder simulating the faeces. Functional studies were completed by histological analyses. In the first set of experiments, rats received 3.8 Gy with various neutron percentages and were studied from 1 to 14 days after exposure. In the second set of experiments, rats were exposed to increasing doses of irradiation (1-4Gy) with a high neutron percentage (87%n) and were studied at 4 days after exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The absorptive capacity of rat colon was diminished by irradiation at 3-5 days, with a nadir at 4 days. The results demonstrate that an increase in the neutron proportion is associated with an amplification of the effects. Furthermore, a delay in the re-establishment of normal absorption was observed with the high neutron proportion (87%n). A dose-dependent reduction of water absorption by rat colon was also observed following neutron irradiation (87%n), with a 50% reduction at 3 Gy. Comparison of this dose-effect curve with the curve obtained following gamma (60)Co-irradiation indicates an RBE of 2.2 for absorptive colonic function in rat calculated at 4 days after exposure.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Radioprotection et de Sureté Nucléaire, Département de Protection de la santé de l'Homme et de Dosimétrie, IRSN, BP no. 17, F-92262 Fontenay-aux-Roses Cedex, France. isabelle.dublineau@irsn.fr
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dublineau
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ksas
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Joubert
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aigueperse
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gourmelon
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption / Q000528:radiation effects; D000818:Animals; D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D003106:Colon / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009502:Neutrons; D011874:Radiometry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D014502:Uranyl Nitrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D004573:Electrolytes; D014867:Water; D014502:Uranyl Nitrate