title: Short-term correlations between clinical and MR imaging findings in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite extensive use of MR imaging to provide markers of multiple sclerosis (MS) activity and accumulated disease burden, the magnitude of the relationship between clinical and MR findings is still debated. Using data from the European/Canadian glatiramer acetate (GA) trial, we investigated short-term correlations between clinical and MR measures of disease activity in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a 9-month, double-blinded, placebo-controlled study, 239 patients with RRMS were randomly assigned to receive 20 mg GA (n = 119) or placebo (n = 120). Clinical assessment included monthly neurologic examinations with Expanded Disability Status Scale scoring and visits for symptoms suggestive of relapse. Dual-echo T2-weighted and pre- and postcontrast T1-weighted brain MR images were obtained at baseline and monthly during follow-up. Contrast-enhancing and new T2-hyperintense lesions were counted, and total T2-hyperintense and T1-hypointense lesion volumes were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant univariate correlations were found between the number of relapses during the study period and the number of enhancing lesions at baseline (r = 0.25) and during follow-up (r = 0.30) in the study population as a whole. Multivariable analysis showed that two independent factors were more strongly correlated with relapse frequency: the number of relapses during the 2 years before entry and the number of on-trial enhancing lesions, in the whole study population and in the placebo group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In RRMS, MR imaging measures of inflammatory activity are modestly but significantly correlated with the occurrence of clinical attacks over the short term. Clinical and MR imaging assessment can provide complementary outcome measures for RRMS trials.
authors.affiliation: Neuroimaging Research Unit, Department of Neuroscience, Scientific Institute and University Ospedale San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rovaris
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Comi
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ladkani
authors.forename: Jerry S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wolinsky
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filippi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000187:drug effects; D010455:Peptides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010455:Peptides; D000068717:Glatiramer Acetate