[From gene to disease; 'frame shift'-mutation in the CARD15-gene and Crohn's disease].
A pericentromeric region on chromosome 16 (IBD1 locus) has been linked with Crohn's disease (CD). Very recently, three genetic variants in the CARD15 gene within the IBD1 locus have been identified which were highly associated with CD. Carriage increases the relative risk of developing CD. One specific mutation (3020insC) leads to a stop codon and truncation of the C-terminal tandem leucine-rich repeats (LRR) of the CARD15 protein. Of all patients with Crohn's disease, 11-19% are heterozygous and 3-7% homozygous for this frameshift mutation. The CARD15 gene is expressed in monocytes. The LRR-domain is thought to be involved in the binding of bacterial lipopolysaccharide and subsequent activation of nuclear factor kappa-B (NF kappa B). NF kappa B plays a central role in the regulation of the expression of other genes involved in the inflammatory response. In vitro, embryonic kidney cells transfected with the CARD15 3020insC mutant showed a reduced activity of NF kappa B after exposure to lipopolysaccharide compared to cells transfected with the wild-type CARD15 gene. How the reduced response to lipopolysaccharide contributes to CD is not yet clear.
van der Linde
K
K
Afd. Maag-, Darm- en Leverziekten, Erasmus Medisch Centrum-locatie Dijkzigt, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam. k.v.d.linde@znb.nl
Kuipers
E J
EJ
de Rooij
F W M
FW
Wilson
J H P
JH
D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002885:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D016368:Frameshift Mutation; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; C429018:NOD2 protein, human; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein