Screening strategies for group B streptococcus in the third trimester of pregnancy.
OBJECTIVE
To identify the best screening protocol to prevent neonatal group B streptococcal (GBS) sepsis through literature review.


METHODS
Selected research articles, texts, and Internet sources.


CONCLUSIONS
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), and American College of Nurse Midwives (ACNM) have issued guidelines describing methods to identify pregnant women at risk of intrapartum transmission of GBS to their babies. Studies have been conducted to discover the superiority of one prevention method over the other but no consensus has been reached.


CONCLUSIONS
Before widely used prevention methods, approximately 8,000 babies each year became infected with GBS; of those, 400 died and many survivors suffered life-long sequelae. Adoption of an appropriate protocol can prevent transmission of GBS from a colonized mother to her infant. Clinicians should implement either universal culture-based or risk factor-based screening guidelines for prenatal diagnosis and intrapartum prophylaxis of GBS disease.
Woltjen
Mary Gerner
MG
cnmmary@erols.com
D000465:Algorithms; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003663:Decision Trees; D004282:Documentation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007258:Informed Consent; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D009722:Nurse Practitioners; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D012307:Risk Factors; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D013292:Streptococcus agalactiae
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents