title: Surfactant homeostasis is maintained in vivo during keratinocyte growth factor-induced rat lung type II cell hyperplasia.
abstract: Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) induces transient proliferation of alveolar type II cells (AEII) associated with surfactant alterations. To test the hypothesis that homeostasis of intracellular phospholipid stores is maintained under KGF-induced hyperplasia, we (1) collected tissue from adult rat lungs, fixed for light and electron microscopy 3 days after intratracheal instillation of 5 mg recombinant human (rHu) KGF/kg body weight or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), and from untreated control animals (five animals/group) for design-based stereology of AEII and lamellar body (LB) ultrastructure; and (2) we analyzed uptake and distribution of instilled radiolabeled phospholipids. After rHuKGF, AEII-coverage of alveolar walls (PBS:8.3 +/- 3.0%; rHuKGF:30.6 +/- 4.8%) and number of AEII/ml lung volume (PBS:28.5 +/- 6.5 x 10(6); rHuKGF:48.2 +/- 5.8 x 10(6)) were increased (p < 0.008). Number (PBS:97 +/- 25; rHuKGF:54 +/- 7) and volume (PBS:45.3 +/- 13.8 microm(3); rHuKGF:21.0 +/- 4.7 microm(3)) of LBs per cell were decreased (p < 0.008), but not total amount/ml lung volume (PBS:128 +/- 46. 4 x 10(7) microm(3); rHuKGF:103 +/- 34. 7 x 10(7) microm(3)). This was paralleled by a shift to larger LBs. After rHuKGF, radiolabeled phospholipids accumulated in whole lung tissue relative to lavage fluid (p < 0.01). However, less radiolabel was incorporated per cell (p < 0.01). We conclude that under rHuKGF-induced AEII proliferation intracellular surfactant was decreased per single cell, whereas a constant amount was maintained per unit lung volume. We suggest that surfactant homeostasis is regulated at the level of phospholipid transport processes, for example, secretion and reuptake.
authors.affiliation: Division of Electron Microscopy, Center of Anatomy, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fehrenbach
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bube
authors.forename: Jens M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hohlfeld
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tschernig
authors.forename: Heinz G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Hoymann
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krug
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fehrenbach
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014132:Trachea
chemical_list: C496455:Fgf7 protein, rat; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors