title: No acute impact of lipid apheresis treatment on free radical scavenging enzyme gene expression in white blood cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lipid apheresis (LA) treatment has been suggested to cause oxidative stress. Defense against oxygen-radical-mediated damage is provided by nonenzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants. In the present investigation we have investigated whether gene expression of free radical scavenging enzymes (FRSE) is affected in leukocytes of patients undergoing LDL-apheresis.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this purpose cellular glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1), phospholipid glutathione peroxidase (GPx-4), glutathione reductase (GSSG-R), glutathione synthetase (GSH-S), Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD-1) and catalase (CAT) mRNA expression were followed at the start (SA) and immediately after (EA) LA treatment (n = 25). Gene expression was determined by quantitative RT-PCR with the LightCycler(R) instrument (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) and transcription elongation factor-2 as reference gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of GPx-1, GPx-4, GSSG-R, GSH-S, SOD-1, CAT mRNA was not affected by a single LA treatment. Free radical scavenging enzymes mRNAs were significantly (P < 0.05) increased in the LA patients (GPx-1: 2.00 +/- 1.37; GPx-4: 0.52 +/- 0.46; GSSG-R: 0.07 +/- 0.03; GSH-S: 0.04 +/- 0.03; SOD-1: 1.12 +/- 0.74; CAT: 0.15 +/- 0.07) when compared with 26 healthy blood donors (GPx-1: 1.1 +/- 0.6; GPx-4: 0.35 +/- 0.19; GSSG-R: 0.02 +/- 0.01; GSH-S: 0.03 +/- 0.01; SOD-1: 0.16 +/- 0.08; CAT: 0.09 +/- 0.05; mean +/- SD).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that the LA procedure does not acutely affect the antioxidant defense system on the gene level but suggests that the chronic stress resulting from hyperlipidaemia and/or LA may cause FRSE gene induction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany. vschett@gwdg.de
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schettler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krontal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scheel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wieland
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001781:Blood Component Removal; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000097:blood*; D015870:Gene Expression; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology / Q000628:therapy*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000097:blood*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010088:Oxidoreductases