title: Expression of survivin in astrocytic tumors: correlation with malignant grade and prognosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Astrocytic tumors are the most common tumors of the central nervous system. The mechanisms of genetic change of astrocytic tumors have not been understood completely. Recently, survivin has been identified as a member of the inhibitor-of-apoptosis family. Survivin expression is considered an important prognostic factor of many tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors investigated 43 astrocytic tumors (8 diffuse astrocytomas; 15 anaplastic astrocytomas; 20 glioblastomas). The authors examined survivin mRNA expression in tumor specimens by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction amplification. The authors analyzed the relationship between survivin expression and other molecular changes commonly found in astrocytic tumors [p53 alteration, overexpression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and bcl-2 expression].
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-four of 43 (79.1%) astrocytic tumors expressed survivin. The distributions included 3 of 8 (37.5%) diffuse astrocytomas, 13 of 15 (86.7%) anaplastic astrocytomas, and 18 of 20 (90.0%) glioblastomas. Expression of survivin (P = 0.0057) and EGFR (P = 0.0112) was significantly associated with malignant grade of astrocytic tumors, but expression of p53 (P = 0.1893) and bcl-2 (P = 0.2552) was not. Furthermore, patients with survivin-positive astrocytic tumors had significantly shorter overall survival times compared with patients who had survivin-negative tumors (P = 0.0271).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survivin expression in astrocytic tumors varies with histologic malignancy and may play an important role in the oncogenesis and progression of astrocytic tumors. These data suggest that survivin has great potential as a therapeutic target in astrocytic tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kajiwara
authors.forename: Fumiyuki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hama
authors.forename: Kaita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yahara
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arita
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurisu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011379:Prognosis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077022:Survivin; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D066246:ErbB Receptors; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D000077022:Survivin; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; C064740:epidermal growth factor receptor-neu receptor