title: Long-term prognostic value of the hemorheological profile in transmural myocardial infarction survivors: 60-month clinical follow-up.
abstract: Previous reports have shown several hemorheological and hemostatic abnormalities in acute coronary syndrome survivors. Some of these abnormalities were related to cardiovascular events during a 24-month follow-up. The aim of the present work is to evaluate, in transmural myocardial infarction survivors, the long-term (60 months) prognostic value of the biohemorheological profile determined at hospital discharge. Sixty-four patients (59 men), mean age of 58 +/- 12.0 years, transmural myocardial infarction survivors, were prospectively studied for 60 months (32.0 +/- 17 months, median 33 months). The following cardiovascular events (CVE) were analyzed: death, non-fatal infarction, unstable angina, and stroke. Twenty-nine patients had a CVE (nine died). The following parameters were determined at hospital discharge: plasma viscosity, whole blood viscosity, erythrocyte membrane fluidity, erythrocyte aggregation, protein C, plasminogen inhibitor type I (PAI-1), leukocyte count and elastase. The quartiles were determined for each parameter, grouping patients according to these values.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group-t-test, Kaplan-Meier survival curve (with log rank test), and Cox logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1) Leukocyte count (p < 0.01), protein C activity (p < 0.05) and erythrocyte membrane fluidity (p < 0.05) were predictors of the CVE curve; 2) The higher the value of the leukocyte count quartile, the higher the risk for a CVE (p < 0.05). Patients with a leukocyte count above the median had 4 times more risk for a CVE; 3) The lower the protein C activity, the higher the risk for a CVE. Those with protein C activity lower than the lowest quartile had double the risk; 4) The higher the membrane polarization value (membrane rigidity), the higher the risk of a CVE; 5) By multivariate analysis the 3 parameters were independent predictors of a CVE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present group of transmural myocardial infarction survivors a close relationship was established between hemorheologic, hemostatic and inflammatory factors and the cardiovascular events curve during long-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Cardiologia do Hospital Santa Maria e Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa, Lisboa.
authors.forename: Luís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sargento
authors.forename: Henrique Sobral
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Do Rosário
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perdigão
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: Carlota
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saldanha
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martins e Silva
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018056:Hemorheology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D013997:Time Factors