title: Improved erectile function after Rho-kinase inhibition in a rat castrate model of erectile dysfunction.
abstract: Androgens are reported to act as strong modulators of erectile function influencing both nitric oxide and vasoconstrictor signaling. Castration results in a depressed erectile response that is associated with a loss of nitric oxide production and increased responsiveness to constrictive agents. The increased vasoconstrictor response may be a result of an active RhoA/Rho-kinase signaling pathway. We report here results of studies designed to test the hypothesis that inhibition of the Rho-kinase pathway restores erectile function in a castrate model by relaxing the smooth muscle. Mean arterial (MAP) and corpus cavernosal (CCP) pressures were monitored during intracavernosal injection of the Rho-kinase inhibitor Y-27632. Castration reduced the maximal erectile response (CCP/MAP) by 33%, and testosterone replacement restored the response (intact, 0.736 +/- 0.040; castrate, 0.492 +/- 0.022; testosterone, 0.681 +/- 0.073). Injection of Y-27632 increased CCP in all experimental groups; it also left shifted the voltage response curve and increased the maximal CCP/MAP response (intact, 0.753 +/- 0.091; castrate, 0.782 +/- 0.081; testosterone treated, 0.894 +/- 0.033). Y-27632 dose dependently relaxed phenylephrine-stimulated cavernosal tissues. Cavernosal tissues showed increased RhoA and Rho-kinase protein levels after castration. Our data support the hypothesis that an active Rho/Rho-kinase pathway contributes to the reduced erectile response after castration due to an upregulation of RhoA/Rho-kinase protein levels and that inhibition of this pathway may serve as an effective treatment for erectile dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, Georgia 30912, USA. Cwingard@mail.mcg.edu
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wingard
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Prikosh
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009919:Orchiectomy; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013739:Testosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011725:Pyridines; C108830:Y 27632; D013739:Testosterone; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein