title: A randomized trial comparing induction chemotherapy followed by surgery with surgery alone for patients with stage IIIA N2 non-small cell lung cancer (JCOG 9209).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We performed a prospective randomized trial in patients with potentially resectable stage IIIA N2 non-small cell lung cancer to confirm the efficacy of induction chemotherapy before surgical resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with stage IIIA N2 non-small cell lung cancer, all with histologically or cytologically confirmed metastases to the ipsilateral mediastinal lymph nodes, were randomly assigned to receive either three cycles of induction chemotherapy (cisplatin at 80 mg/m(2) on 1 day and vindesine at 3 mg/m(2) on 2 days) followed by surgery or surgery alone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This trial was prematurely terminated because the accrual rate was too slow, which lowered the study's statistical power considerably. From June 1993 through April 1998, a total of 62 patients were enrolled, and 31 patients were assigned to each treatment group. The objective clinical response rate of induction chemotherapy was 28%. Complete resection was achieved in 20 patients in the induction chemotherapy group (65%) and 24 in the surgery alone group (77%). Median follow-up was 6.2 years. Median overall survivals were 17 months for the induction group and 16 months for the surgery alone group. The estimated 1-, 3-, and 5-year survivals, respectively, were 68% (95% confidence interval 51%-85%), 23% (95% confidence interval 8%-38%), and 10% (95% confidence interval 0%-20%) for the induction chemotherapy group and 65% (95% confidence interval 48%-82%), 26% (95% confidence interval 11%-41%), and 22% (95% confidence interval 7%-37%) for the surgery alone group. There was no statistically significant difference in survival between the groups (P =.5274). Treatment-related death was not observed in either group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This randomized trial to compare induction chemotherapy (cisplatin and vindesine) followed by surgery with surgery alone for patients with stage IIIA N2 non-small cell lung cancer did not demonstrate a survival difference between the groups, although this may have been because the statistical power was limited.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan. knagai@east.ncc.go.jp
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Yukito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: Teruaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Harubumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012074:Remission Induction; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014751:Vindesine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D002945:Cisplatin; D014751:Vindesine