title: Sister chromatid exchanges in lymphocytes of nuclear medicine physicians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess whether occupational exposure to chronic, low doses of Iodine 131 (I-131) and Technetium 99m (Tc-99m) may lead to genotoxicity. Medical personnel occupied in nuclear medicine departments are occupationally exposed to low doses of I-131 and Tc-99m. The determination of the frequency of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and of cells with a high frequency of SCEs (HFC) is considered to be a sensitive indicator for detecting genotoxic potential of mutagenic and carcinogenic agents. Therefore, we examined peripheral lymphocytes from nuclear medicine physicians for the presence of both SCE and HFC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen exposed nuclear medicine physicians (non-smokers) were compared to 16 physicians (non-smokers) who had not been exposed to chemical or physical mutagens in their usual working environment at the same hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant difference was found between SCE frequencies and HFC percentages measured in lymphocytes from the exposed and control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present observation on the effect of chronic low doses of I-131 and Tc-99m indicates the possibility of genotoxic implications of this type of occupational exposure. Hence, the personnel who work in nuclear medicine departments should carefully apply the radiation protection procedures and should minimize, as low as possible, radiation exposure to avoid possible genotoxic effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biology, Trakya University Medical Faculty, 22030, Edirne, Turkey. gokayb@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Gokay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Mahmut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuksel
authors.forename: Goksel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karabogaz
authors.forename: Necdet
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sut
authors.forename: Fatma Oguz
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Savran
authors.forename: Sukru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palanduz
authors.forename: Omer Necmi
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Yigitbasi
authors.forename: Cetin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Algunes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000633:toxicity; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009683:Nuclear Medicine; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010820:Physicians; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*; D013667:Technetium / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D013667:Technetium