title: Characterization of a recombinant Newcastle disease virus expressing the green fluorescent protein.
abstract: A recombinant Newcastle disease virus (NDV) expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP) was generated by applying reverse genetics techniques. The GFP open reading frame flanked by NDV transcription start and stop sequences was inserted between the fusion (F)- and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase genes in a full-length cDNA clone of NDV. This plasmid transcribing antigenome RNA was cotransfected with helper plasmids expressing viral nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein and large protein into cells stably expressing T7 RNA polymerase. The rescued virus was first propagated in embryonated eggs and the allantoic fluid was used to infect cells. Northern blot analysis of RNA isolated from infected cells demonstrated the proper transcription of the introduced GFP-mRNA. The appearance of GFP in live infected cells confirmed further the recovery of a recombinant NDV (rNDVGFP1) expressing the reporter gene. The expression of the heterologous gene was maintained stably for at least five passages in embryonated eggs. The replication kinetics in embryonated eggs and pathogenicity in chickens of rNDVGFP1 did not differ significantly from that of the parent virus. Using GFP autofluorescence, virus infected cells could be tracked easily in native preparations, organ explants and primary tracheal cell cultures. Taken together, these data demonstrate the use of GFP-expressing recombinant NDV for analysis of NDV dissemination and pathogenesis and indicate the potential usefulness of NDV as a vaccine vector.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institutes, Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, D-17498, Insel Riems, Germany.
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Engel-Herbert
authors.forename: Ortrud
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Jens P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Teifke
authors.forename: Teshome
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mebatsion
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Mettenleiter
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Römer-Oberdörfer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002645:Chickens; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004274:DNA, Recombinant / Q000235:genetics; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014773:Virology / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D004279:DNA, Viral; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins