title: Results of long-term experimental studies on the carcinogenicity of ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (Mancozeb) in rats.
abstract: Mancozeb, an ethylene-bis-dithiocarbamate (EBDC), has been one of the most commonly used fungicides in commercial use for several decades. Nevertheless, up to now, no adequate published experimental studies on the carcinogenicity of Mancozeb have been published. Because of the importance of the compound and of the number of people potentially exposed (workers engaged in the production and use of the fungicide, people living in agricultural areas where the compound is sprayed, and people consuming polluted products), a long-term experimental study of Mancozeb was begun at the Cancer Research Center of the Ramazzini Foundation. Groups of 150 male and female Sprague-Dawley rats, 8 weeks old at the start of the treatment, were administered Mancozeb at the concentration of 1000, 500, 100, 10, and 0 ppm in feed supplied ad libitum for 104 weeks. At the end of the treatment, animals were kept under controlled conditions until spontaneous death. Mancozeb caused an increase in (1) total malignant tumors, (2) malignant mammary tumors, (3) Zymbal gland and ear duct carcinomas, (4) hepatocarcinomas, (5) malignant tumors of the pancreas, (6) malignant tumors of the thyroid gland, (7) osteosarcomas of the bones of the head, and (8) hemolymphoreticular neoplasias. On the basis of these data, Mancozeb must be considered a multipotent carcinogenic agent.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Center, European Ramazzini Foundation for Oncology and Environmental Sciences, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Fiorella
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Belpoggi
authors.forename: Morando
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soffritti
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guarino
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lambertini
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cevolani
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maltoni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008344:Maneb / Q000633:toxicity*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015038:Zineb / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D008344:Maneb; C013099:mancozeb; D015038:Zineb