Is all of the endoplasmic reticulum created equal? The effects of the heterogeneous distribution of endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-handling proteins.
The endoplasmic reticulum is a heterogeneous compartment with respect to the distribution of its Ca2+-handling proteins, namely the Ca2+-binding proteins, the Ca2+ pumps and the Ca2+ release channels. The nonuniform distribution of these proteins may explain the functional heterogeneity of the endoplasmic reticulum, such as the generation of spatially complex Ca2+ signals, Ca2+ homeostasis, and protein folding and quality control.
Papp
S
S
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8. sylvia.papp@utoronto.ca
Dziak
E
E
Michalak
M
M
Opas
M
M
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
D015220:Calcium Channels; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D002118:Calcium