title: Incidental and symptomatic renal tumors: impact on patient survival.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Renal cell carcinoma is the third most frequent genitourinary neoplasia, and there is currently an increase in the incidental diagnosis of tumors confined to the kidneys.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the survival of patients with incidental and symptomatic renal tumors who have undergone nephrectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital Sírio Libanês and Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo.
  
  
  METHODS
  115 patients with diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma, operated on by the same group of surgeons and evaluated by a single pathologist.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sex, age and diagnosis method, analyzed in two groups, according to the tumor diagnosis: Group 1 with incidental diagnosis and Group 2 with symptomatic tumors. The anatomopathological characteristics and patient survival in both groups were evaluated. A statistical analysis was performed using the Student t, chi-squared, log rank and Kaplan-Meyer tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the studied patients, 59(51%) had an incidental diagnosis, with 78% diagnosed by ultrasonography, 20% by computerized tomography scan and 2% during surgeries; 56 patients (49%) were symptomatic. Tumor locations were equally distributed between the two kidneys, and the surgery was conservative for 24% of the incidental and 9% of the symptomatic group. In the incidental group only one patient had tumor progression and there was no death, while in the symptomatic group there were 5 progressions and 10 deaths. The 5-year specific cancer-free survival was 100% in the incidental and 80% in the symptomatic group (p = 0.001) while the disease-free rate was 98% in the incidental and 62% in the symptomatic group (p < 0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incidental renal tumor diagnosis offers better prognosis, providing longer disease-free survival.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Sírio Libanês and Hospital Beneficência Portuguesa de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. marcosdalloglio@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Marcos Francisco
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Dall'Oglio
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Srougi
authors.forename: Pierre Damião
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Kátia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leite
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nesrallah
authors.forename: Flávio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hering
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis