title: Mild cognitive impairment in the oldest old.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No data exist on whether the syndrome of amnestic mild cognitive impairment occurs in the oldest old, or if the relationships for functional status and neuropsychometric performance based on clinical diagnosis hold true in this age group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors performed comprehensive neurologic evaluations, neuropsychometric testing, and functional assessments on a sample of 90- to 100-year-old residents of Rochester, MN. Subjects were diagnosed as normal or with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or dementia according to well-accepted criteria. Data on the following measures were collected and analyzed: Record of Independent Living (ROIL), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Dementia Rating Scale (DRS), Trailmaking Test (TMT), and modified version of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test (FCSRT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data on 111 subjects (56 normal, 13 MCI, and 42 dementia) were analyzed. On the ROIL, functional capacity to carry out activities of daily living was worse for patients with dementia compared to patients with MCI and normal subjects, but did not differ between MCI and normal subjects. Scores on the MMSE, DRS, and TMT-A were worse in the dementia group compared to the normal group, and in the dementia group compared to MCI, but scores on these measures for normal subjects compared to patients with MCI were not different. Scores on the FCSRT and memory subtest of the DRS showed differences among all three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In spite of the advanced age of the cohort, the relationship between cognitive and functional performance and clinical diagnosis follows patterns previously described in younger samples of normal subjects, subjects with amnestic mild cognitive impairment, and subjects with dementia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Mayo Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. bboeve@mayo.edu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boeve
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ferman
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rummans
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ivnik
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kokmen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tangalos
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Edland
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Knopman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003704:Dementia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012016:Reference Values; D017678:Sex Distribution