title: A possible paracrine hedgehog signalling pathway in neurofibromas from patients with neurofibromatosis type 1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hedgehogs (Hhs) and their receptors are involved in organ development as well as in tumorigenesis observed in basal cell carcinoma. Among Hhs, Desert hedgehog secreted from Schwann cells mediates the formation of peripheral nerve sheaths. However, there has been no study on the role of Hhs and their receptors in tumorigenesis of neurofibromas in neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the expression and localization of Hhs and their receptors in neurofibromas of NF1 patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of Hhs and their receptors was studied by immunohistochemistry using neurofibromas from NF1 patients and control normal skin samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In neurofibromas, CD57-positive tumour cells with delicate elongated processes were positive for the receptor PTCH2. Perineurial cells of involved nerves within neurofibromas as well as those of normal cutaneous nerves expressed Indian hedgehog and Sonic hedgehog. Schwann cells of normal cutaneous nerves were positive for PTCH2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that a paracrine Hh signalling pathway may be involved in tumorigenesis of neurofibromas in NF1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Biology of Extracellular Matrix, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8670, Japan. chw92121@syd.odn.ne.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Utani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shinkai
mesh_terms: D018959:CD57 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D000072082:Patched-2 Receptor; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000032:analysis*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018959:CD57 Antigens; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C000606238:PTCH2 protein, human; D000072079:Patched Receptors; D000072082:Patched-2 Receptor; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D009418:S100 Proteins; C509239:SHH protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators