title: Mutagenic and cytotoxic effectiveness of diisopropyl xanthogen polysulphide in human lymphocyte cultures.
abstract: The mutagenic and cytotoxic effectiveness of the new rubber vulcanisation accelerator diisopropyl xanthogen polysulphide (Robac AS 100) was tested in human lymphocyte cultures of four healthy probands. The concentrations of Robac AS 100 were 0.57, 5.7 and 57.0 microg/ml. Higher concentrations showed too high cytotoxicity to be evaluable. Without external activation, incubation time with Robac AS 100 was 21 h. In the presence of rat liver microsomes from aroclor-induced rats (2mg microsomal protein/ml), incubation of the test compound was 2h. Mutagenicity testing was performed by analysis of micronuclei (MN), structural chromosome aberrations (CAs) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs). The MN-rate was determined using the cytochalasin B (cyt B) block method. For evaluation of cytotoxicity, mitotic index (MI) and nuclear division index (NDI) were determined. The validity of the test methods was ascertained by positive controls: mitomycin C (MMC) and bleomycin (BLM) were used in experiments without exogenous activation and cyclophosphamide (CP) in experiments with exogenous activation. The presence of rat liver microsomes increased the mutagenic effect of Robac AS 100 in the SCE- and MN-test. But only the highest Robac AS 100-concentration (57.0 microg/ml) showed significantly increased mutagenic activity in all tests. However, cytotoxicity at this concentration was already substantial. Therefore, we consider the evidence for mutagenicity of Robac AS 100 as limited.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology and Genetics, The University, P.O. Box 3049, D-67653, Kaiserslautern, Germany. vzenzen@rhrk.uni-kl.de
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zenzen
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuproth
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zankl
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Janzowski
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eisenbrand
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D013440:Sulfides / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D013440:Sulfides; C472467:diisopropyl xanthogen polysulphide