title: Site-specific positive margins at radical prostatectomy: assessing cancer-control benefits of wide excision of the neurovascular bundle on a side with cancer on biopsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the potential risk of biopsy-selected nerve-sparing surgery based on the findings of site-specific extracapsular extension (ECE) and positive surgical margins (PSMs) in the area of the neurovascular bundle in radical prostatectomy specimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlling for surgical technique and pathological interpretation, 221 consecutive patients had their neurovascular bundles removed on the side with a positive biopsy. The surgical specimens were reviewed for ECE and PSM status, specifically in the area of the neurovascular bundle, from apex to base.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 221 patients, 38% had ECE and 43 (20%) had a PSM in the area of the neurovascular bundle. This equates to a ratio of 51% for PSM/ECE. An additional 42 men (18%) had ECE with negative margins, but would have been at potential risk for PSMs if the neurovascular bundle had been preserved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preserving the neurovascular bundle on the side with a positive biopsy could result in a significantly greater incidence of PSM than with wide excision. Optimizing cancer control may require excision of the neurovascular bundle on a side known to have cancer on biopsy. In future site-specific analyses, the PSM/ECE ratio could be used as a marker comparing cancer-control outcomes from studies with differing technical approaches and indications for nerve-sparing surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery/Urology, The University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, 1501 N. Campbell Avenue, Tucson, AZ 85724-5077, USA.
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dalkin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Escobar
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Nagle
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen