title: Influence of host factors on survival in dogs with malignant mammary gland tumors.
abstract: The purpose of our study was to determine if specific host factors, such as age at diagnosis, obesity, and hormone status, influence the prognosis of canine mammary gland carcinomas and to confirm if previously reported risk factors (ie, histologic subtype, tumor size, and World Health Organization [WHO] stage) were important in a large series of affected dogs. Ninety-nine female dogs with mammary gland carcinomas, no previous therapy, an excisional biopsy, and known cause of death were studied. No significant association with survival was noted for age at diagnosis (chronologic or physiologic), obesity, or hormone status (ie, spayed versus intact, regardless of time of being spayed). Of the tumor factors analyzed, the histologic subtype anaplastic carcinoma (P = .02), WHO stage I (P = .01), evidence of metastasis at the time of diagnosis (P = .004), and tumor size of 3 cm or smaller (P = .005) all significantly influenced survival. Dogs that were classified as having tumor-related mortality had a shorter postoperative survival compared to dogs that died of other causes (14 months versus 23 months; P = .03). In conclusion, histologic subtype, WHO stage, and tumor size remain important prognostic factors in canine mammary gland tumors. Further study of other prognostic factors is needed to determine which tumors are adequately addressed with local therapy only and which dogs may require adjuvant treatment with chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Purdue University School of Veterinary Medicine, West Lafayette, IN, USA. jphilibert@nevog.com
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Philibert
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Nita
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Glickman
authors.forename: Larry T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Glickman
authors.forename: Deborah W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Knapp
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Waters
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000032:analysis; D007044:Hysterectomy; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones