title: Comparison of condylar guidance setting obtained from a wax record versus an extraoral tracing: a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Protrusive condylar angles can be determined by use of wax protrusive records (WPR), pantographic tracings (PT), and occlusal wear facets. These methods generate different angles in the same patient.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the condylar inclination angles found by use of the WPR in a Hanau articulator with those found by use of the Whip-Mix PT quick-set recorder. The occlusal wear facet method was not part of this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten subjects were chosen at random from a dental school patient population. All subjects had a majority of maxillary and mandibular teeth present and according to the examination criteria used in the school's Division of Occlusion, they were healthy with no signs/symptoms of temporomandibular disorders. The WPR was accepted when it was evident that the patient had protruded straight forward at least 6 mm anterior to centric relation, as shown on the Hanau articulator by the condylar spheres having moved anteriorly an equal distance of 6 mm on both sides. The condylar inclination on the articulator was adjusted accordingly. The PT was used according to the manufacturer's directions, which included the use of an intraoral clutch adapted to the mandibular arch, connected to an extraoral facebow with bilateral inscribing pointers. A holder frame was adapted to the face with bilateral flags where the inscribing pointers traced the protrusive movement of the jaw. All the readings were in degrees. No control was used in this project. To test whether there was a significant difference between the 2 independent samples, a Mann-Whitney U test was performed (P=.01).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean results for the WPR were as follow: right side (28.1 degrees, SD 8.94); left side (31.50 degrees, SD 9.73). For the PT, results were: right side (41.10 degrees, SD 7.53); left side (35.5 degrees, SD 6.43). When right and left side protrusive condylar angles were combined, the values were: WPR (29.80 degrees, SD 9.25); PT (38.30 degrees, SD 6.98). The differences on the right condylar values were significant (P=.01). There was no statistical difference on the left side.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of this study, it was concluded that the PT technique yielded greater values for the protrusive condylar inclination than the WPR.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Occlusion, 78229, USA. santos@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nowlin
mesh_terms: D016302:Centric Relation; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D003725:Dental Articulators; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007574:Jaw Relation Record / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008334:Mandible / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D009068:Movement; D010865:Pilot Projects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014885:Waxes
chemical_list: D014885:Waxes