title: Synergistic effects of cellulosomal xylanase and cellulases from Clostridium cellulovorans on plant cell wall degradation.
abstract: Plant cell walls are comprised of cellulose and hemicellulose and other polymers that are intertwined, and this complex structure presents a barrier to degradation by pure cellulases or hemicellulases. In this study, we determined the synergistic effects on corn cell wall degradation by the action of cellulosomal xylanase XynA and cellulosomal cellulases from Clostridium cellulovorans. XynA minicellulosomes and cellulase minicellulosomes were found to degrade corn cell walls synergistically but not purified substrates such as xylan and crystalline cellulose. The mixture of XynA and cellulases at a molar ratio of 1:2 showed the highest synergistic effect of 1.6 on corn cell wall degradation. The amounts both of xylooligosaccharides and cellooligosaccharides liberated from corn cell walls were increased by the synergistic action of XynA and cellulases. Although synergistic effects on corn cell wall degradation were found in simultaneous reactions with XynA and cellulases, no synergistic effects were observed in sequential reactions. The possible mechanism of synergism between XynA and cellulases is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Section of Molecular Biology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murashima
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kosugi
authors.forename: Roy H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Doi
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002480:Cellulase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002482:Cellulose / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D003013:Clostridium / Q000201:enzymology*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; D014990:Xylans / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D014995:Xylosidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003313:Zea mays / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014990:Xylans; D002482:Cellulose; D014995:Xylosidases; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; D002480:Cellulase