title: Treatment options for the twin-twin transfusion syndrome: a review.
abstract: This article reviews the treatment options of the twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS). No single therapy is associated with a uniformly improved outcome for the involved twins and success is primarily related to gestational age and severity at diagnosis. Treatment options for severe cases include digitalization, ligation of the umbilical cord, serial amniocenteses, septostomy, laser occlusion of placental vessels, and selective feticide. These modalities are associated with significant risks of complications, and variable results of fetal morbidity and mortality. Therefore, they should be considered when risks of withholding treatment clearly outweigh those associated with intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology and Gynecology, University School of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ropacka
authors.forename: Wiesław
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Markwitz
authors.forename: Isaac
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Blickstein
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005330:Fetofetal Transfusion / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy