title: Inducible nitric oxide synthase is responsible for nitric oxide release from murine pituicytes.
abstract: This study investigated whether pituicytes were able to produce and release nitric oxide (NO), and which type of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) would be responsible for this phenomenon. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) 1 micro g/ml was used as inflammatory mediator. Because pituicytes are known to secrete interleukin (IL)-6 upon stimulation with LPS, this parameter was also investigated. Cultured pituicytes, from 4-week-old male mice, were stimulated with LPS for 6 h or 24 h. At 24 h, there was a significant increase in accumulated nitrite indicating NO formation. In contrast, IL-6 release was already significantly higher 6 h after stimulation and further increased at 24 h. The correlation between accumulated nitrite and secreted IL-6 was 0.84 after 24 h of incubation with LPS. The expression of inducible NOS (iNOS) mRNA in the pituicytes was significantly higher than the control level after 6 h and 24 h of exposure to LPS, with levels at 6 h being significantly higher than those at 24 h. There was no detected expression of endothelial NOS or neuronal NOS mRNA. Cultured pituicytes were also subjected to immunocytochemistry for iNOS protein at 6, 12, and 24 h after stimulation with LPS. Most cells were positive for iNOS, but there were no observable differences with the time points that we used. Collectively, these results show that pituicytes are able to produce NO, and that the inducible form of NOS is responsible for this production. Furthermore, there is a weak correlation between NO and IL-6 released from pituicytes after 24 h of stimulation with LPS.
authors.affiliation: Clayton Foundation Laboratories for Peptide Biology, The Salk Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. tikl@dfh.dk
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Kjeldsen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rivier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moesby
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D010904:Pituitary Gland, Posterior / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009573:Nitrites; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496321:Nos1 protein, mouse; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse