title: [The synergistic action of guanghuoxiang volatile oil and sodium artesunate against Plasmodium berghei and reversal of SA-resistant Plasmodium berghei].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the synergistic action of a combination of guanghuoxiang volatile oil (B) and sodium artesunate (SA) against Plasmodium berghei (P. b) and the resistance-reversal activity against SA-resistant P. b (P. b SA-R).
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice infected with P. b N or P. b R were treated with a combination of B and SA respectively by 4-day suppressive test method and linear regression to calculate the SD50 of B and SA for each drug alone and in combination (equally effective dose compatibility).
  
  
  RESULTS
  B alone, N:SD50 = 87.64 +/- 19.58(GKD), R:SD50 = 43.24 +/- 7.71(GKD); SA alone, N:SD50 = 0.88 +/- 0.01(MGKD), R:SD50 = 27.69 +/- 0.93(MGKD). B and SA combination, N:B SD50 = 36.89 +/- 4.57(GKD), SA SD50 = 0.39 +/- 0.05 (MGKD); R:B SD50 = 7.40 +/- 1.30(GKD), SA SD50 = 4.21 +/- 0.74(MGKD). The synergistic indexes of B and SA in combination were 2.2 for N and 6.6 for R, respectivly. The multiple of resistance reversal of B vs SA was 6.6. The relative reversal rate was 87.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combination of B and SA may enhance the antimalarial effect against P. b and reverse the SA-resistance of P. b and delay the occurrence of resistance to SA in N.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Material Media of Shandong, Jinan 250014.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Z Y
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Sui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077332:Artesunate; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D019686:Lamiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000187:drug effects; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D000077332:Artesunate