title: Sonographic evaluation for peripheral pulmonary nodules during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The clinical value of sonographic guidance during video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) was studied in 26 patients with peripheral pulmonary nodules.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients underwent VATS between June 2000 and March 2001 for primary lung cancer (n = 15), pulmonary metastasis (n = 6), and various benign tumors (n = 5).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sonographic guidance successfully visualized peripheral pulmonary tumors in 21 of the 26 patients (81%). Among them, rich intratumoral blood flow signal was identified in 8 of the 15 primary lung cancers by using color Doppler sonography. The peak velocity was 26 +/- 12.8 cm/s in primary lung cancer and 9.4 +/- 1.7 cm/s in pulmonary metastasis, respectively (p <0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sonographic guidance during VATS is helpful for locating lesions and determining the extent of surgical resection. The color Doppler method was also useful for evaluating intratumoral blood flow, which yielded significant information for differentiating primary lung cancer, metastatic tumors, and various benign tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kobe West City Hospital, Kobe 653-0013, Japan. mitsuo-yama@sannet.ne.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meguro
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period / Q000379:methods; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*