title: Occurrence and distribution of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) crops from organic production.
abstract: Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were quantified by GC-ECD in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) during a vegetation period. Plants were harvested at 15, 60, and 151 days after seed germination. Leaves, stem, roots, and fruit (peel and flesh) were analyzed separately. The results showed that tomato plants were able to accumulate OCPs from soils, and a trend to reach the equilibrium among tissues at mature stages was also observed. Endosulfans comprised the main OCP group, probably due to its spray during summer months in the surrounding areas. Banned pesticides such as DDTs, heptachlor, and dieldrin were found. OCPs levels in the fruit were below the maximum residues limits (MRL) considered by the Codex Alimentarius. DDE/DDT and alpha-/gamma-HCH ratios of <1 would indicate recent inputs of DDT and lindane in the environment. The occurrence of OCPs in the study farm, where agrochemicals have never been used, is a result of atmospheric deposition of those pesticides.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Ecotoxicología, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata, Funes 3350, Argentina. marigonz@mdp.edu.ar
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Karina S B
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Miglioranza
authors.forename: Julia E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Aizpún de Moreno
authors.forename: Víctor J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D003634:DDT / Q000032:analysis; D004026:Dieldrin / Q000032:analysis; D004726:Endosulfan / Q000032:analysis; D058870:Food, Organic / Q000032:analysis*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006533:Heptachlor / Q000032:analysis; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D012987:Soil; D006533:Heptachlor; D003634:DDT; D004026:Dieldrin; D004726:Endosulfan