title: [The achievements of eminent Warsaw physicians in otolaryngology at the turn of the 19th and 20th century].
abstract: The scientific achievements of many Warsaw otolaryngologists in the second part of the 19th and in the beginning of the 20th century are presented. Karol Benni's (1843-1916) contribution to the world otology is described. The famous Warsaw laryngologist Teodor Heryng (1847-1925) was a creator of a new operating method of the larynx tuberculosis by curettage. He was also a propagator of the diaphanoscopy (transillumination) of maxillary sinuses. Ludwik Guranowski (1853-1926). a distinguished otiatrist performed a first myringoplasty in the Polish territories and explained the causes of external otitis by bacillus pyocyaneous. Jan Sedziak's (1861-1932) work on malignant neoplasms of larynx was given a prize at international congress in Tuluse in 1893. Zdzisław Dmochowski (1864-1924) described the pathologic anatomy changes in maxillary sinuses. Benni and Alfred Sokołowski (1849-1924) were the authors of several chapters in foreign medical textbooks. Heryng's inhalation apparatuses exhibited in Paris are described. Sedziak, Przemysław Pieniazek (1850-1916) and Teodor Heiman (1848-1917) were also the authors of articles in foreign otolaryngological journals written in connection with the jubilee of famous otolaryngologists: Leopold von Schroetter, Bernhard Fraenkel and Hermann Schwartze. The problem of focal infection in otolaryngology described by Feliks Erbrich (1874-1938) is briefly pointed out.
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kierzek
mesh_terms: D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000266:history*; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000266:history*; D010820:Physicians / Q000266:history*; D011044:Poland; D012955:Societies, Medical / Q000266:history