title: Circadian rhythm of tumor promotion in the two-stage model of mouse tumorigenesis.
abstract: The question of whether cancer risk is influenced by time-of-day exposure to potentially carcinogenic agents was approached in this study by exposing mouse skin to a single initiating dose of 7,12-dimethylbenz [A-]anthracene, followed by a 12 week regime of bi-weekly skin treatments with the tumor promoter, 12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol acetate (TPA), given at four different circadian clock times (CCTs). Tumor incidence, average number of tumors per mouse and tumor size showed a dominant circadian component with an acrophase occurring at 23:00 h CCT. Pre-treatment with all trans-retinoic acid, prior to bi-weekly TPA promotion, reduced tumor incidence, average number and size of tumors per animal by greater than 80%, but did not suppress the underlying circadian rhythm of sensitivity to TPA-induced tumor formation.
authors.affiliation: Kettering-Meyer Cancer Research Laboratory, Southern Research Institute, Birmingham, AL 35255, USA. jjwille@aol.com
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wille
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D051379:Mice; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate