title: Synthetic organic hard capsule colouring agents: in vitro effect on human true and pseudo-cholinesterases.
abstract: Hard capsules are made of pure gelatin and small quantities of additives, including colouring agents permitted for use in food. In this study, the effects of three colouring agents (sunset yellow, quinoline yellow and erythrosine) on true and pseudo-cholinesterases (ChE) are assessed in erythrocytes and plasma, respectively. Results indicated that the synthetic compounds affected both true and pseudo ChE activity. The concentration of sunset yellow which caused 50% inhibition (IC50) of true ChE was about 64% that of pseudo-ChE; for erythrosine, IC50 was approximately the same for both true and pseudo-ChE; and for quinoline yellow, IC50 for true ChE was 25% of pseudo-ChE, although its effect on both true and pseudo-ChE was greater than seen with the other two dyes. Inhibitions of both true and pseudo-ChE were of mixed type (competitive and non-competitive). The enzyme-inhibitor dissociation constant (Ki) indicated that quinoline yellow was most potent and erythrosine was least potent out of the three compounds. Inhibition of both true and pseudo-ChE by each of the three dyes was abolished by dialysis, indicating that the effects were reversible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Medical Research Institute, Alexandria University, El-Hadara, Alexandria, Egypt. wafaa1962@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Mohamed Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Osman
authors.forename: Iman A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Sharaf
authors.forename: Wafm M Abd
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: el-Rehim
authors.forename: Awatef M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: el-Sharkawi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002214:Capsules / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005505:Food Coloring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D005505:Food Coloring Agents; D002802:Cholinesterases