title: A simplified risk-based approach for process screening in municipal wastewater reclamation and reuse.
abstract: Reuse of municipal wastewater has become a promising solution to relieve the tension of increasing fresh water demand in many metropolitans. Although different advanced technologies are available to reclaim wastewater into premium quality, associated health effects are usually not properly assessed in reclamation process selection. A simplified risk-based approach developed for process screening and adaptation of health impacts as a consideration in reclamation process selection is discussed in this paper. This approach can be used to screen out unqualified processes and those with poor cost benefits. As a result, the design of wastewater reclamation could be enhanced to control the associated health impacts in wastewater reuse.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering Research Centre, School of Civil & Structural Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798.
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kao
mesh_terms: D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000191:economics; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D011634:Public Health; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000191:economics; D014881:Water Supply