title: Endosonography of upper gastrointestinal tract cancer on demand using miniprobes or endoscopic ultrasound.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether endosonography on demand with miniprobes and conventional endoscopic ultrasound improves the accuracy of endosonographic staging of upper gastrointestinal tract cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Altogether, 173 patients underwent endoscopic ultrasonography for preoperative staging of esophageal (n = 63) or gastric cancer (n = 110). Depending on the endoscopic appearance (i.e., size and growth pattern), tumors were examined with a linear-array echoendoscope (7.5 MHz) or with high-resolution miniprobes (12.5 MHz). The results of preoperative staging were correlated with histopathology of the resection specimen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall accuracy of miniprobe ultrasonography and endoscopic ultrasound in assessing the infiltration depth of upper gastrointestinal cancer was 87% and 81%, respectively. Miniprobe ultrasonography was superior to conventional endoscopic ultrasound in the staging of early cancers, particularly T1 tumors (accuracy, 81% vs 56%). The combined accuracy of both techniques for all tumor stages was 82%. Correct diagnosis of lymph node involvement was obtained with miniprobe ultrasonography or endoscopic ultrasound in 76% and 71% of the cases, respectively. The combined accuracy in assessing the lymph node status was 73% (sensitivity, 68%; specificity, 81%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endosonography on demand using either miniprobes or conventional endoscopic ultrasound may result in more effective and less invasive staging of esophageal and gastric cancer. Selective use of high-resolution miniprobes and conventional endoscopic ultrasound offers accurate staging of all tumor stages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, Röbert Rössle Hospital, Charité University Hospital, Campus Buch, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hünerbein
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ulmer
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Handke
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schlag
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019160:Endosonography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology