title: Caries inhibitory effect of fluoridated sugar in a trial in Indonesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In some regional areas of Indonesia, caries prevalence is increasing rapidly. As water, salt or milk fluoridation were not considered suitable for use throughout Indonesia, and fluoridated tooth paste is mostly too expensive, a fluoride co-crystallised sugar containing 10 ppm fluoride was prepared. Its efficacy in inhibiting caries development was tested in a field trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  The field trial was established in Medan, Sumatera. All dietary background data necessary to ensure the safety of a trial were collected. Subjects chosen were 176 children who were residents of two orphanages and a boarding school for children of poor rural families. The trial used a double-blind format. Close monitoring of fluoride consumption was maintained, and fluoride excretion rates were assessed six monthly by urinary fluoride analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Records of total tooth surface caries present initially and after 18 months of sugar supply showed that the children using fluoridated sugar had significantly fewer carious lesions than those who used normal sugar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This result indicates that sugar might be considered as a further vehicle for supplementary dietary fluoride in communities where there is a high caries prevalence or high caries risk and little exposure to fluoride.
authors.affiliation: The University of North Sumatera, Medan, Indonesia.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mulyani
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McIntyre
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D003460:Crystallization; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000145:classification / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005504:Food Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D015588:Observer Variation; D018579:Patient Selection; D016300:Radiography, Bitewing; D012424:Rural Population; D012449:Safety; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D019422:Dietary Sucrose; D005459:Fluorides