title: Nocardiosis with brain abscess due to an unusual species, Nocardia transvalensis.
abstract: The identification of Nocardia transvalensis, an unusual and probably underrecognized cause of nocardial infection, is clinically significant because of this species' resistance to aminoglycosides, a standard antinocardial therapy. Diagnosis requires analytic methods available predominately in reference laboratories. We report a case of disseminated infection with N transvalensis with primary pulmonary involvement and subsequent development of brain abscesses, and review the literature to date. Familiarity with the epidemiology, pathologic findings, and clinical significance of this and other unusual Nocardia species may increase early identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing in cases of nocardial infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Yorke
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rouah
mesh_terms: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001922:Brain Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D002421:Caudate Nucleus / Q000098:blood supply / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D020806:Central Nervous System Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D003388:Cranial Fossa, Posterior / Q000098:blood supply / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009615:Nocardia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009617:Nocardia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000098:blood supply / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013045:Species Specificity; D013687:Telencephalon / Q000098:blood supply / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D020293:Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents