title: Modulation of mutagenicity of various mutagens by lignin derivatives.
abstract: The effect of lignin on cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and SOS response induced by 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (4NQO), 3-(5-nitro-2-furyl)acrylic acid (5NFAA), 2-nitrofluorene (2NF) as well as hydrogen peroxide was investigated in bacterial assay systems, i.e. the Ames test with Salmonella typhimurium TA98, TA100, TA102 and the SOS chromotest with Escherichia coli PQ37. Lignin preparations obtained from beech wood significantly decreased the mutagenicity induced by 4NQO, 2NF and H(2)O(2). In the case of mutagenicity induced by 5NFAA the effect was lower. Antimutagenic properties of lignin samples tested were shown also by SOS chromotest where lignin inhibited the ability of both 4NQO and H(2)O(2) to induce the SOS response. Derivatives of lignin including those from soft and hard wood, as well as from annual plants differ in their efficiency to inhibit the induction of the SOS response. The modified lignins isolated from beech and spruce wood exhibit a high level of protection. Lignins from annual plants-corn cobs and straw-only marginally evoked an antimutagenic response, but their effect was increased by hydrothermic treatment of both annual plants. The results obtained indicate the prospective utilization of lignin preparations as additive in chemo-prevention. The antimutagenic effect of lignin samples varies with the method of isolation and modification, as well as with the genetic origin of the lignin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37, Bratislava, Slovak Republic. mikulas@chtf.stuba.sk
authors.forename: Mária
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mikulásová
authors.forename: Bozena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kosíková
mesh_terms: D015112:4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D000179:Acrylates / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008031:Lignin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009154:Mutation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009581:Nitrofurans / Q000494:pharmacology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D005449:Fluorenes; D009153:Mutagens; D009581:Nitrofurans; C019499:2-nitrofluorene; D015112:4-Nitroquinoline-1-oxide; C222012:nitrofurylacrylic acid; D008031:Lignin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide