title: Utilization of a particle gun DNA introduction system for the analysis of cis-regulatory elements controlling the spatial expression pattern of the arylsulfatase gene (HpArs) in sea urchin embryos.
abstract: We applied a particle gun method to introduce DNA into fertilized sea urchin eggs for the analysis of cis-regulatory elements responsible for spatial gene expression during development. We introduced HpArs (sea urchin arylsulfatase gene) -GFP and HpArs-LacZfusion constructs into the fertilized eggs and obtained high expression levels of the fusion genes. Using this assay system, we demonstrated that a fragment of HpArs (-3,484 to +4,636) is sufficient for aboral ectoderm-specific expression, and that the region in the first intron from +406 to +1,993 contains the control elements responsible for the repression of the HpArs promoter activity in secondary mesenchyme cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematical and Life Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondoh
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsunaga-Nakatsubo
authors.forename: Taishin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimotori
authors.forename: Naoaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Hiraku
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Akasaka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019677:Artificial Gene Fusion; D001192:Arylsulfatases / Q000235:genetics*; D019470:Biolistics; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D005697:Galactosides; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics*; D007211:Indoles; D012617:Sea Urchins / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics*; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D005697:Galactosides; D007211:Indoles; D001192:Arylsulfatases; C044888:5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl beta-galactoside