title: The parathyroid hormone-related protein receptor is expressed in breast cancer bone metastases and promotes autocrine proliferation in breast carcinoma cells.
abstract: Overproduction of parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP) occurs in a high proportion of primary breast cancers (PBC) and is strongly implicated in their metastatic spread to bone. Although the PTHRP-receptor (PTHRP-R) is often coexpressed with PTHRP in PBC, its role in regulating breast cancer cell proliferation and metastases to bone remains unclear. The aims of this study were to determine the expression of the PTHRP-R in breast cancer bone metastases (BM) and to investigate the effects of PTHRP-R overexpression on breast cancer cell proliferation. PTHRP-R expression occurred in 85% (11 out of 13) of BM compared with 58% (39 out of 67) of PBC. Median expression was higher (P<0.05) in BM compared with PBC. PTHRP increased cAMP accumulation and DNA synthesis in MCF-7 cells stably overexpressing the PTHRP-R (MCF-7(WTR)) but not in MCF-7(VEC) control cells. The increase in DNA synthesis was mimicked by the cAMP pathway activator forskolin. The receptor antagonist PTHRP(7-34) reduced DNA synthesis in MCF-7(WTR) cells, but not MCF-7(VEC) cells, indicating that receptor overexpression promotes autocrine PTHRP activity. MCF-7(WTR) cells showed increased mitogenic responsiveness to fetal calf serum and reduced doubling times. PTHRP induced weak activation of ERK1 and ERK2 and potentiated their activation by serum growth factors. Collectively these results show that the PTHRP-R is frequently expressed in breast cancer BM and indicate that receptor overexpression drives proliferation via autocrine signals that are mediated via cAMP and ERK pathways.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Studies, School of Medicine, University of Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Hoey
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sanderson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iddon
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Bundred
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D019898:Autocrine Communication; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002455:Cell Division; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D044168:Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1; D018016:Receptors, Parathyroid Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D044168:Receptor, Parathyroid Hormone, Type 1; D018016:Receptors, Parathyroid Hormone; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases