title: Synthesis of tripodal [2]rotaxanes: high concentration principlet.
abstract: Symmetrical and non-symmetrical tripodal [2]rotaxanes (1) incorporating 1,1'-disubstituted-4,4'-bipyridinium cations (2) and 34-crown-10 (3) have been prepared directly from 4,4'-bipyridine or from monocationic intermediates in high yields at room temperature and atmospheric pressure under conditions that permit the use of high reagent concentrations (0.1-0.2 M, 150-200 g(-1)).
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
authors.forename: Kirill
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nikitin
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fitzmaurice