title: The role of ACE gene polymorphism in rapidity of progression of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism of angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) gene has been associated with progression of renal diseases.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated its role in the rate of progression of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) due to FSGS were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The distribution of ACE genotype was II-25.5%, ID-55.5%, and DD-19%, as compared to 40 controls with genotype of 7.5%, 60%, and 32.5%, respectively (p= NS). In African Americans (AA) the gene frequencies among patients and controls were I-43%, D-57% vs I-36%, D-64%, respectively. This was different than the gene frequencies in White/Hispanic (W/H) patients I-61.5%, D-38.5% vs I-38.6%, D-61.4%, in controls (P < 0.05). In 22 patients with rapid progression (RP) of FSGS to ESRD the genotype distribution was II-18%, ID -64%, and DD-18%. In 25 patients with FSGS who progressed slowly (SP) the genotype was similar (II-32%, ID-48% and DD-20%, P >0.05). With respect to rate of progression, D allele frequency was similar in AA patients (RP 64% vs SP 50%) and W/H patients (RP 36% vs SP 40%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study reveals no association between the I/D polymorphism of the ACE gene and the presence of and rapidity progression of FSGS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Steele Memorial Children's Research Centre, University of Arizona, Tucson AZ 85724, USA. mdixit@peds.arizona.edu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dixit
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mansur
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dixit
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gilman
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Santarina
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Glicklich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A