title: Importance of IgG2c isotype in the immune response to beta-amyloid in amyloid precursor protein/transgenic mice.
abstract: A careful analysis of the immune response to immunization of amyloid precursor protein/transgenic (APP/Tg) mice with beta-amyloid (Abeta) may provide insights into why a subset of the patients in a clinical trial receiving Abeta-immunotherapy developed encephalomyelitis. Characterization of isotypic immune responses have been reported in different APP/Tg models. In these studies the relative ratios of IgG1 to IgG2a anti-Abeta antibodies has been used as an indirect measure of T helper 1 (Th1) and Th2 types immune responses. However, it has previously been shown that certain strains of mice, C57Bl/6, C57Bl/10, SJL, and NOD, have an IgG2c rather than an IgG2a gene. Since a substantial number of Abeta-immunization studies rely on APP/Tg mice that have at least one parental C57Bl/6 strain, we have investigated whether antibodies specific for IgG2a can be used for characterization of antibody isotypes in APP/Tg2576 mice. Our results suggest that APP/Tg2576 and major histocompatibilty complex-matched parental strains are not expressing IgG2a, producing instead IgG2c anti-Abeta antibodies.
authors.affiliation: The Institute for Brain Aging and Dementia, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4540, Irvine USA.
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Petrushina
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Nadya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sadzikava
authors.forename: Anahit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghochikyan
authors.forename: Vitaly
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vasilevko
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Agadjanyan
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Cribbs
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes