title: Gaze-evoked amaurosis: a report of five cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To highlight the various causes of gaze-evoked amaurosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective noncomparative interventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients treated at our facility over the past 6 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical presentation, radiologic studies, surgical management, and postsurgical results are presented.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visual acuity, clinical findings of gaze-evoked amaurosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only two patients had classic intraorbital etiologies, one with an intraconal cavernous hemangioma and one with an intraconal foreign body. Three patients had extraorbital processes, two with orbital fractures and one with a sinus tumor. Only two of our patients initially were aware of the gaze-evoked amaurosis at presentation. Appropriate surgery was curative in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gaze-evoked amaurosis is a rare condition, classically implicating intraconal orbital pathology. In one of the largest case series published to date, we found extraorbital etiologies are also capable of producing gaze-evoked vision loss. Gaze-evoked amaurosis should be suspected and tested for in any orbital condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, WA 98431, USA.
authors.forename: Clifton S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: George L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Coppit
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mazzoli
authors.forename: Vincent D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Eusterman
authors.forename: Karen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Nixon
authors.forename: Darryl J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Ainbinder
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Raymond
authors.forename: Thaddeus J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Krolicki
authors.forename: Marybeth A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Grazko
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018322:Angiofibroma / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001766:Blindness / Q000209:etiology*; D005129:Eye Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005133:Eye Movements; D005260:Female; D006392:Hemangioma, Cavernous / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008440:Maxillary Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery