Ultimate state of thermal convection.
The ultimate regime of thermal convection, the so-called Kraichnan regime [R. H. Kraichnan, Phys. Fluids 5, 1374 (1962)]], hitherto has been elusive. Here numerical evidence for that regime is presented by performing simulations of the bulk of turbulence only, eliminating the thermal and kinetic boundary layers and replacing them with periodic boundary conditions.
Lohse
Detlef
D
Department of Applied Physics and J. M. Burgers Centre for Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, P.O.Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
Toschi
Federico
F