title: Lymphoma of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses: treatment and outcome of early-stage disease.
abstract: The records of 23 patients diagnosed and treated at the Massachusetts General Hospital for extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the paranasal sinus and nasal cavity were reviewed. The majority of patients were Ann Arbor stage I and approximately evenly divided in T1 or T2 (n = 10) and T3 or T4 (n = 13). Eight patients had nasal-type NK/T cell and 15 patients had diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). The patients with nasal-type NK/T cell lymphoma predominately involved the nasal cavity (5/8), whereas the DLBCL more often had the paranasal sinuses as the primary site (12/15). All patients received radiation as part of their treatment. Only three patients received chemotherapy as part of their initial treatment for three cycles using a cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone-based regimen. By coincidence, the estimated overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival rates for both 5 and 10 years were all the same for all analyses. The OS for the entire group at 10 years was 78%. Significant prognostic factors were Ann Arbor stage IEA versus IIEA ( p = 0.0001) and T stage with (T1 or T2) versus (T3 or T4) (p = 0.0243). Combining Ann Arbor stage and T stage created a highly significant prognostic variable (IEA & [T1 or T2], IEA & [T3 or T4], IIEA & [T1 or T2], IIEA & [T3 or T4]) at p = 0.0001, regardless of site or histology. Patients with local-regional disease appear to be well controlled with radiation alone, but distant failure remains a problem. A combined-modality approach with local-regional radiation and systemic chemotherapy is recommended for these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Proulx
authors.forename: Ivone
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Caudra-Garcia
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferry
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: Unsal
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome