title: The role of mannitol in alleviating renal injury during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determined the role of mannitol in preventing or alleviating renal injury during extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL, Dornier Medical Systems, Inc., Marietta, Georgia).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing ESWL were randomized to receive mannitol or control. Change in the levels of urinary enzymes, beta 2-microglobulin and microalbumin were compared in the groups before and after the procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mannitol treated patients had a statistically significant decrease in beta 2-microglobulin excretion after ESWL compared with the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mannitol may serve a protective function by decreasing the amount of renal injury caused by ESWL for renal calculous disease.
authors.affiliation: Squier Urological Clinic, New York-Presbyterain Hospital, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Jason S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ogiste
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Nejat
authors.forename: Hani H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.forename: Tricia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Greene
authors.forename: Mantu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000293:injuries*; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000628:therapy*; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020011:Protective Agents; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin; D008353:Mannitol