title: Yeast, a model organism for iron and copper metabolism studies.
abstract: Virtually all organisms on earth depend on transition metals for survival. Iron and copper are particularly important because they participate in vital electron transfer reactions, and are thus cofactors of many metabolic enzymes. Their ability to transfer electrons also render them toxic when present in excess. Disturbances of iron and copper steady-state levels can have profound effects on cellular metabolism, growth and development. It is critical to maintain these metals in a narrow range between utility and toxicity. Organisms ranging from bacteria and plants to mammals have developed sophisticated mechanisms to control metal homeostasis. In this review, we will present an overview of the current understanding of iron and copper metabolism in yeast, and the utility of yeast as a model organism to investigate iron and copper metabolism in mammals and plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Science, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Jeane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Freitas
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wintz
authors.forename: J Hyoun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Poynton
authors.forename: Tama
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vulpe
mesh_terms: D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008664:Metal Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D003300:Copper; D007501:Iron