title: Interleukin-1beta regulation of gonadotropin-releasing hormone messenger ribonucleic acid in cultured human endometrial stromal cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) in regulating GnRH mRNA expression in cultured human endometrial stromal cells using a modified semiquantitative competitive reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  
  
  METHODS
  A controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and academic research setting in a university medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women undergoing hysterectomy for nonmalignant indications.
  
  
  METHODS
  Confluent stromal cell cultures treated with steroid hormones were stimulated with IL-1beta and attenuated by anti-IL-1beta antibody or IL-1 receptor antagonist.
  
  
  METHODS
  The human endometrial stromal cell expression of GnRH and its receptor were determined by PCR. Interleukin-1beta-mediated regulation of stromal cell GnRH mRNA expression was determined by quantitative competitive PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The GnRH and GnRH receptor mRNA expression were amplified in cultured stromal cells by PCR and two rounds of nested PCR, respectively. Treatment with IL-1beta stimulated stromal cell GnRH mRNA expression at concentrations of IL-1beta above 10 IU/mL. Recombinant IL-1 receptor antagonist and anti-IL-1beta antibody attenuated the increase of gene expression of GnRH initiated by IL-1beta.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide indirect evidence that IL-1beta may play a crucial role at the level of embryo-maternal interaction by regulating stromal cell expression of GnRH and its receptor, both known to be important in mediating trophoblast invasion and placental hormone regulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lin-Kou Medical Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. hongyuan@adm.cgmh.org.tw
authors.forename: Hong-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raga
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Jan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kruessel
authors.forename: Yung-Kuei
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Soong
authors.forename: Mary Lake
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Polan
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D017931:DNA Primers; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011388:Prolactin / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011966:Receptors, LHRH / Q000235:genetics*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D017931:DNA Primers; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011966:Receptors, LHRH; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011388:Prolactin