title: Color Doppler sonography in hypothyroidism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The value of color Doppler sonography in thyroid disease continues to be a matter of debate. Over the past few years, several studies have proved unable to yield unequivocal results. Only a few studies concerning color Doppler sonography in patients with hypothyroidism have been published.
  
  
  METHODS
  89 patients with hypothyroidism have been evaluated. They were examined clinically; laboratory tests on thyroid function and color Doppler sonography have been performed. The color flow distribution and intensity were estimated and the fastest flow velocity (PSV) detectable with a pw-doppler was registered. The color pattern was graded from 0 to III as has been described by others and the color Doppler findings were then correlated to both the clinical picture and the laboratory results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  56 of the 89 hypothyroid patients showed pattern 0 with a PSV of 22 cm/s. In 33 patients different degrees of increased parenchymal color could be found with a concordant PSV: 16 patients showed pattern I with a PSV of 39 cm/s; 11 showed pattern II with PSV 58 cm/s, and 6 showed pattern III with PSV 63 cm/s. Regarding the corresponding clinical and laboratory variables, there was a very close correlation between color intensity and anti-Tg/anti-TPO antibody levels: pattern 0: anti-Tg 474 IU/ml, anti-TPO-Ab 810 IU/ml; pattern I: 1053/1733; pattern II: 1774/2432; pattern III: 1951/2633. Some correlation could also be found for the TSH values and the calculated volume of the thyroid gland, whereas the duration of hypothyroidism showed an inverse correlation to color intensity. (Pattern 0: TSH 3.1 mE/ml, volume 9.2 ml, duration 43 months; pattern I: 4.2 mE/l, 15.7 ml, 24 mos.; pattern II: 11.5 mE/l, 22.3 ml, 16 mos.; pattern III: 38.2 mE/l, 34.3 ml, 10 mos, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The color Doppler pattern of intense hypervascularization of the thyroid gland formerly attributed only to the hyperthyroid state of active Graves' Disease can also be seen in hypothyroidism. Our data support the concept that the color flow appearance is not the result of stimulated thyroid hormone production, but a measure of the activity of an autoimmune process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine III, Vivantes Klinikum Am Urban, Dieffenbachstrasse 1, 10967 Berlin, Germany. susanne.schulz@kau-berlin.de
authors.forename: Susanne L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Seeberger
authors.forename: Jürgen H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hengstmann
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013960:Thyroid Function Tests; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color