title: Expression of tetraspanin adaptor proteins below defined threshold values is associated with in vitro invasiveness of mammary carcinoma cells.
abstract: Tetraspanins are transmembrane adaptor proteins involved in the regulation of various fundamental cellular processes. For a number of malignant diseases, the level of expression of members of the tetraspanin family was found to correlate with tumor cell invasiveness, ability to form metastases, and poor clinical outcome. We describe the exact quantification of mRNAs coding for the tetraspanins CD9, CD63, CD82 and CD151 expressed by mammary carcinoma-derived cell lines that were classified as invasive or non-invasive according to their ability to penetrate collagen-fibroblast gels in vitro. The mean of beta2-microglobulin-normalized expression of CD9 was about 10-fold higher than the mean calculated for CD63 and about 20-fold higher than expression of CD82 and CD151. Direct comparison of tetraspanin expression of invasive and non-invasive cell lines with the Mann-Whitney test revealed a significant correlation for CD63. Grouping of cell lines in relation to threshold values of expression resulted in significant correlations for CD63 (Fisher's exact test p=0.004) and CD151 (p=0.02) but not for CD82 (p=0.065) and CD9 (p=0.168). Expression of CD9, C63 and CD151 was found to be coupled whereas CD82 was expressed independently. This highly significant association points to common mechanisms of gene regulation for this subgroup of tetraspanins. We showed that on basis of absolute amounts of tetraspanin mRNAs, at least in vitro invasiveness is clearly predictable. Our results support the assumption that downregulation of tetraspanins in breast cancer cells is an important step of tumor progression to more malignant phenotypes and underline their important role as mediators in multimolecular membrane protein complexes regulating cell adhesion and migration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm Medical School, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sauer
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kurzeder
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grundmann
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kreienberg
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zeillinger
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deissler
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051861:Kangai-1 Protein; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D060185:Tetraspanin 24; D060245:Tetraspanin 29; D060149:Tetraspanin 30; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C554715:CD151 protein, human; C554586:CD63 protein, human; C497688:CD82 protein, human; C554869:CD9 protein, human; D017931:DNA Primers; D051861:Kangai-1 Protein; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D060185:Tetraspanin 24; D060245:Tetraspanin 29; D060149:Tetraspanin 30