title: Continuous outflow devices for macular translocation with 360-degree retinotomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Separation of the retina from retinal pigment epithelium is the most difficult step in macular translocation surgery. To complete this critical step, we have developed two specially designed continuous outflow needles, a rigid needle for creating retinal detachment and a liquid perfluorocarbon injection needle with a soft tip.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study, new instrument development.
  
  
  METHODS
  To permit continuous outflow during separation of the retina from the retinal pigment epithelium, the shaft of the continuous outflow needle is smaller than 20 gauge in diameter to allow continuous flow of fluid from the vitreous cavity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These instruments have been used successfully in 54 eyes that underwent macular translocation with 360-degree retinotomy. The rigid needle creates safe retinal detachment by keeping intraocular pressure lower, which is strictly needed for this step. The injection needle facilitates injection of perfluorocarbon liquid while manipulating the retina gently with its soft tip.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous outflow instruments are useful tools because they facilitate critical steps in the delicate process of macular translocation surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka University Medical School, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cekiç
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohji
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tano
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000601:surgery; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000637:transplantation*; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000601:surgery; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000601:surgery