title: In vitro folding of alpha-helical membrane proteins.
abstract: For large-scale production, as required in structural biology, membrane proteins can be expressed in an insoluble form as inclusion bodies and be refolded in vitro. This requires refolding conditions where the native form is thermodynamically stable and where nonproductive pathways leading to aggregation are avoided. Examples of successful refolding are reviewed and general guidelines to establish refolding protocols of membrane proteins are presented.
authors.affiliation: m-phasys GmbH, Vor dem Kreuzberg 17, D-72070 Tübingen, Germany. hans.kieer@m-phays.com
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiefer
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization; D003902:Detergents; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells; D006801:Humans; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D008823:Micelles; D017510:Protein Folding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D012995:Solubility; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008823:Micelles