title: Impaired facial emotion recognition in early-onset right mesial temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anteromedial temporal lobe regions, particularly the amygdala, participate in the recognition of emotions from facial expressions. The authors studied the ability of facial emotion recognition (ER) in subjects with symptomatic epilepsy, evaluating whether mesial temporal lobe damage is related to an impairment in the recognition of specific emotions and whether the onset of seizures in a critical period of life could prevent the development of ER.
  
  
  METHODS
  Groups included patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) with MRI evidence of mesial temporal sclerosis (MTS) (n = 33); patients with TLE with MRI evidence of temporal lobe lesions other than MTS (n = 30); and patients with extratemporal epilepsy (n = 33). Healthy volunteers (n = 50) served as controls. ER was tested by matching a facial expression with the name of one of the following basic emotions: happiness, sadness, fear, disgust, and anger. A face-matching task was used to control visuoperceptual abilities with face stimuli.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No subject showed deficits in the face-matching task. ER was impaired in patients with right MTS, especially for fearful faces. Patients presenting left MTS, right or left temporal lobe lesions other than MTS, or extratemporal seizure foci showed ER performances similar to controls. In all subjects with right TLE, the degree of emotion recognition impairment was related to age at first seizure (febrile or afebrile) and age at epilepsy onset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early-onset right-sided mesial temporal lobe epilepsy is the key substrate determining a severe deficit in recognizing emotional facial expressions, especially fear.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, Department of Neurosciences, Bellaria Hospital, University of Bologna, Italy. stefano.meletti@neuro.unibo.it
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meletti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benuzzi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rubboli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cantalupo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stanzani Maserati
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nichelli
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tassinari
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000377:Agnosia / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000679:Amygdala / Q000503:physiopathology; D003423:Critical Period, Psychological; D004644:Emotions; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005145:Face; D005260:Female; D005556:Form Perception; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D021641:Recognition, Psychology; D012016:Reference Values; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology