title: Response of a calcium sulfate bone graft substitute in a confined cancellous defect.
abstract: Calcium sulfate, plaster of Paris, has a long clinical history for use as a bone graft substitute in various skeletal sites. The current authors examined the in vivo response of calcium sulfate pellets alone or in combination with autogenous bone graft in a bilateral critical-size distal femoral cancellous defect in an adult sheep model. New thick bone formation was seen in defects filled with calcium sulfate pellets alone. Increased immunostaining for bone morphogenetic protein-2, bone morphogenetic protein-7, transforming growth factor-beta, and platelet derived growth factor was seen in defects filled with calcium sulfate pellets alone and in combination with autograft. The local acidity during calcium sulfate resorption is proposed as a possible in vivo mechanism for this type of material.
authors.affiliation: Orthopaedic Research Laboratories, Orthopaedic Department, Prince of Wales Hospital, Edmund Blacket Building Level 2, University of New South Wales, Randwick, Sydney, NSW, Australia 2031. W.Walsh@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morberg
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Haggard
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Sheath
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svehla
authors.forename: W J M
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Bruce
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000378:metabolism; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D002133:Calcium Sulfate