title: [Do men and women have different perceptions of pain?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate possible differences between men and women's perception of a painful stimulus (venous puncture).
  
  
  METHODS
  Transversal, analytic and observational study.Setting. Primary care.Participants. 709 people over 14 who attended three health centres for blood extraction. 98 cases were rejected (most because they received more than one puncture).
  
  
  METHODS
  Age, sex, tobacco habit, perception of pain (through visual analogic scale from 1 to 10), complaints expressed (oral and/or by gestures) and patient's prior expectations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age: 47.4; 60.1% women. The intensity of pain had an average of 1.35 (SD, 1.60; mode, 0; median, 0.8). 14.7% expressed a complaint. Median of pain was 0.95 (Q3-Q1, 1.9-0.4) in men, whereas it was 0.70 (Q3-Q1, 1.725-0.3) in women (U=40.48; P=.095). No correlation was found between valuation of pain and age (R=0.055). No differences were found for smokers (median, 0.925; Q3-Q1, 1.725-0.35) or non-smokers (0.75; 1.825-0.325) (P.05). There were statistically significant valuations that varied according to the prior expectations of pain. Equally, pain was assessed as more intense by those who expressed a complaint (median, 2.1; Q3-Q1, 3.85-0.475) versus those who did not (0.625; 1.55-0.3) (P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no significant differences between men and women's perception of painful stimulus. In any case, differences were clinically irrelevant. There is wide individual variability, which suggests that the essential factors are psycho-social. We have to assess and treat properly a patient in pain, regardless of his/her gender.
authors.affiliation: Médico de Familia. Unidad Docente de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Gerencia de Atención Primaria de Toledo. España. flopez@gapto08.insalud.es
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: López de Castro
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Alcalá
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Méndez Gallego
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mancebo Pardo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gómez Calcerrada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold; D012727:Sex Characteristics