title: Argon plasma coagulation for successful treatment of early gastric cancer with intramucosal invasion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent years, there has been an increasing number of cases of early gastric cancer (T1, NX) with intramucosal invasion, which are untreatable by surgical or endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) because of their high risk. Currently, no adequate treatment is available for such patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The main objective of this study was to evaluate whether argon plasma coagulation (APC) is an effective and safe modality for treating early gastric cancer untreatable by surgical resection or EMR.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group comprised 20 men and seven women diagnosed with gastric cancer with intramucosal invasion who were considered poor candidates for surgical resection or EMR due to risk factors such as severe cardiac failure or thrombocytopenia. Irradiation conditions for APC treatment were determined using swine gastric mucosa. We used an argon gas flow of 2 l/min at a power setting of 60 W and a maximum irradiation time of 15 s/cm(2). The follow up period of the 27 patients ranged from 18 to 49 months (median 30 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  All lesions were irradiated easily, including areas anatomically difficult for EMR such as the gastric cardia or the posterior wall of the upper gastric body. In 26 of 27 patients (96%) there was no evidence of recurrence during the follow up period (median 30 months). One patient showed recurrence six months after the treatment but was successfully retreated. No serious complications were found in any of the 27 patients but three patients (11%) experienced a feeling of abdominal fullness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  APC is a safe and effective modality for treatment of early gastric cancer with intramucosal invasion untreatable by surgical resection or EMR. However, further observations are necessary to determine the long term prognosis of patients undergoing this treatment.
authors.affiliation: Fourth Department of Internal Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sagawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oku
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katsuki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niitsu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D004564:Electrocoagulation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013552:Swine; D016896:Treatment Outcome