title: Quantitative evaluation of antioxidant components in prunes (Prunus domestica L.).
abstract: Prunes are known to show high antioxidant activity on the basis of the oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and their major antioxidant components are caffeoylquinic acid isomers. The aim of this study is to prove the contribution of caffeoylquinic acid isomers to the ORAC of prunes, and to investigate the existence of other antioxidant components. Caffeoylquinic acid isomers in ethanol (EtOH) extracts of prunes were quantified by HPLC analysis, and the degree of contribution of these isomers to the ORAC was found to be 28.4%; hence, it was speculated that the remaining ORAC is dependent on other antioxidant compounds. EtOH extract was partitioned between hexane and H(2)O. The H(2)O layer was further separated into H(2)O and 2-100% methanol (MeOH) eluates by Diaion HP-20 column chromatography. Both the H(2)O and 50% MeOH eluates showed high values of total phenolics and ORAC, although the contribution of caffeoylquinic acid isomers to the ORAC was low. Therefore, it was predicted that unknown antioxidants exist in these fractions, and several compounds were identified by HPLC analysis. Furthermore, hydrolysis of EtOH extract residue led to higher levels of total phenolics and ORAC, and these results suggested the existence of conjugated antioxidant components in prunes.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Institute, MIKI Corporation, 12-4, Naruohama 3, Nishinomiya 663-8142, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kayano
authors.forename: Naoko Fukutsuka
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Tomoo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikami
authors.forename: Kochiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shioaki
authors.forename: Hiroe
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kikuzaki
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mitani
authors.forename: Nobuji
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakatani
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D000431:Ethanol; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry*; D011801:Quinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000737:chemistry; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C472707:caffeoylquinic acid; D011801:Quinic Acid; D014867:Water; C013221:proanthocyanidin; D000431:Ethanol