title: Primary endobronchial actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis.
abstract: Primary endobronchial actinomycosis is an extremely rare disease that presents with endobronchial mass. We report 2 cases of primary endobronchial actinomycosis associated with broncholithiasis. There was no foreign body material, suggesting that these broncholiths were formed endogenously. Even though it is very rare, endobronchial actinomycosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of calcified endobronchial mass, especially when there is no clinical or radiological evidence of a granulomatous infection, such as tuberculosis, and the yellowish materials obstructing the bronchi are seen during bronchoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gachon Medical School, Gil Medical Center, Inchon, South Korea.
authors.forename: Joon Beom
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Jae Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Jeong Woong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seong Hwan
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Gye Young
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000150:complications*; D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D020347:Lithiasis / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged