title: Spread of HTLV-I between lymphocytes by virus-induced polarization of the cytoskeleton.
abstract: Cell contact is required for efficient transmission of human T cell leukemia virus- type 1 (HTLV-I) between cells and between individuals, because naturally infected lymphocytes produce virtually no cell-free infectious HTLV-I particles. However, the mechanism of cell-to-cell spread of HTLV-I is not understood. We show here that cell contact rapidly induces polarization of the cytoskeleton of the infected cell to the cell-cell junction. HTLV-I core (Gag protein) complexes and the HTLV-I genome accumulate at the cell-cell junction and are then transferred to the uninfected cell. Other lymphotropic viruses, such as HIV-1, may similarly subvert normal T cell physiology to allow efficient propagation between cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Imperial College London, St. Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK.
authors.forename: Tadahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Igakura
authors.forename: Jane C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Stinchcombe
authors.forename: Peter K C
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Goon
authors.forename: Graham P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Jonathan N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Gillian M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Griffiths
authors.forename: Yuetsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osame
authors.forename: Charles R M
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bangham
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D002450:Cell Communication; D002460:Cell Line; D016764:Cell Polarity; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000821:virology; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000378:metabolism; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000378:metabolism; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000821:virology; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D022101:Microtubule-Organizing Center / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008870:Microtubules / Q000502:physiology; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020135:Peptide Nucleic Acids; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure* / Q000821:virology*; D016608:Talin / Q000378:metabolism; D014771:Virion / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D020135:Peptide Nucleic Acids; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D016608:Talin