title: Effects of topiramate in two models of genetically determined generalized epilepsy, the GAERS and the Audiogenic Wistar AS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The antiepileptic effects of topiramate (TPM) were assessed in two models of genetically determined generalized epilepsy. The model of nonconvulsive epilepsy used was a model of absence seizures, the GAERS (Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rat from Strasbourg); and the model of convulsive seizures was an audiogenic rat model, the Wistar Audiogenic Sensitive (AS) rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  GAERS were equipped with four cortical electrodes over the frontoparietal cortex, and the duration of spike-and-wave discharges (SWDs) on the EEG was recorded for periods of 20 to 120 or 300 min. In Wistar AS, the occurrence of, latency to, and duration of one or two wild running episodes and tonic seizures were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the 16 GAERS studied, TPM (10, 30, and 60 mg/kg) dose-dependently reduced the expression of SWD that almost totally disappeared at the two highest doses between 40 and 120 min. SWD duration returned to control levels by 180 and 280 min after the injection of 30 and 60 mg/kg TPM, respectively. In Wistar AS, 10 mg/kg TPM induced the occurrence of a second running episode not present in control rats, indicative of a decrease in sensitivity of the rats to the stimulus and increased by 330% the latency to the tonic seizure that still occurred in the eight rats studied. At 30 and 60 mg/kg, the latency to wild running increased by 140%; the second running episode was suppressed in six and seven rats, respectively, whereas the tonic seizure occurred only in one of the eight rats studied at these two doses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support the broad spectrum of antiepileptic activity of TPM, confirming its efficacy in primary generalized seizures of both tonic-clonic and of the absence type.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U 398, Faculty of Medicine, Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Aude
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rigoulot
authors.forename: Any
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Boehrer
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nehlig
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects*; D004832:Epilepsy, Absence / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020195:Epilepsy, Reflex / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004830:Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D005632:Fructose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077236:Topiramate
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose