title: The molecular epidemiology of tuberculosis in western Canada.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To define the molecular epidemiology of TB in western Canada, and in particular the risk factors for clustering.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively identified all positive cultures from newly diagnosed cases of TB diagnosed between February 1995 and January 1997 and carried out restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) testing on all isolates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 956 cases identified, 944 fulfilled the entry criteria. The mean age was 49.65 years (+/- 22.33), and 508 (53.6%) were males. Three hundred and three (32.1%) subjects were clustered; this varied from 20.2% of the foreign born, 48.4% of Canadian non-Aboriginal and 61.1% of all Aboriginal persons. Younger persons (P = 0.0001), males (P = 0.015), those with pulmonary disease (P < 0.001), living in a shelter in the past year (P < 0.001), drug-susceptible disease (P < 0.036), predisposing factors (P < 0.001), prior contact (P < 0.001), and prior skin test (P < 0.002) were more likely to cluster. Among specific risk factors, HIV infection, injection drug use, alcohol excess, and weight loss were all significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this description of the molecular epidemiology of TB in Western Canada, previous results have been confirmed and extended. These results highlight the importance of identifying specific high risk groups, especially in the context of renewed efforts to target persons for treatment of latent TB infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Tuberculosis Control, British Columbia Centres for Disease Control (BCCDC), Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Evaluation, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. markf@interchange.ubc.ca
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: FitzGerald
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fanning
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hoepnner
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hershfield
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kunimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044467:American Indian or Alaska Native; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology