title: Sodium crocetinate does not alter gut hypercapnic responses or renal energy stores during transient sub-diaphragmatic ischaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the protection afforded by trans-sodium crocetinate against dysoxia in an animal model of recurrent sub-diaphragmatic ischaemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective experimental animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University research laboratory
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve adult male Sprague-Dawley rats (340-510 g) were anaesthetised with sodium pentobarbitone 60 mg/kg i.p. and ventilated with oxygen and isoflurane via tracheostomy. Six 2-min episodes of sub-diaphragmatic hypotension (mean pressure 30 mmHg) were induced using a sling around the proximal aorta. Before the third and sixth episodes, saline 1.5 ml/kg was injected into the aortic cannula. In six rats, this saline contained trans-sodium crocetinate 50 microg/ml.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ileal luminal PCO(2) and distal aortic pressure were monitored continuously. Following ischaemic episodes trans-sodium crocetinate had no discernible effect on either degree of PCO(2) elevation or the time to peak PCO(2). No effects on renal energy charge or nucleotide concentrations were detected. UV-visible spectroscopy of the crocetinate preparation showed that some cis isomer was present.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings, although limited to one drug dosage in one animal model, bring into question whether trans-sodium crocetinate affects plasma oxygen diffusivity in vivo. Alternative explanations for the negative findings include a TSC-induced exacerbation of arterio-venous oxygen shunting, the brevity of the dysoxic episodes, and the presence of cis isomer.
authors.affiliation: Adult Intensive Care, Mater Misericordiae Health Services, Raymond Terrace, 4101, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. thomas_morgan@mater.org.au
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: Balasubramanian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Venkatesh
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crerar-Gilbert
authors.forename: Desley
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Willgoss
authors.forename: Zoltan H
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Endre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: C487773:trans-sodium crocetinate; D014801:Vitamin A; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002338:Carotenoids