title: New assistive devices for MR-guided microwave thermocoagulation of liver tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to develop and test new assistive devices to aid in the performance of safe, easy, and accurate microwave thermocoagulation therapy guided by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open-configuration MR imager with an optical tracking system for image plane control and a microwave coagulator operating at 2.45 GHz were used. Liver tumors were percutaneously punctured under the guidance of MR images and ablated. Handpiece adapters were then prepared for the optical tracking system. An MR-compatible endoscopic system also was used. Navigation software was installed and customized. These devices were combined to provide near-real-time MR image-guided navigation during thermocoagulation therapy for liver tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The handpiece adapters improved the flexibility of approaches for percutaneous puncture of tumors. The MR-compatible endoscope was used as a thoracoscope, and tumors just below the diaphragm were safely and easily punctured through the diaphragm. The customized navigation software displayed near-real-time MR images together with two reformatted images (on the same plane and on a perpendicular plane) from the registered high-resolution three-dimensional data, enabling accurate MR imaging navigation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These new assistive devices made it easier to perform safe, easy, and accurate MR-guided thermocoagulation therapy of liver tumors.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neuroscience Research Center, Shiga University of Medical Science, Seta Tsukinowa-cho, Ohtsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morikawa
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inubushi
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurumi
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naka
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tani
authors.forename: Hasnine A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Haque
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tokuda
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hata
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D004564:Electrocoagulation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods