In vivo cloning and characterization of a new growth suppressor protein TOE1 as a direct target gene of Egr1.
Egr1, an immediate early transcription factor, responds to diverse stimuli and affects gene transcription to accomplish its biological effects. One important effect of Egr1 expression is to decrease the growth and tumorigenic potential of several tumor cell types. To identify important Egr1 target genes, we have adapted a methodology involving formaldehyde-induced protein-DNA cross-linking, chromatin immunoprecipitation, and multiplex PCR. Using this approach, we report the cloning of a new Egr1 target gene that is able to account, at least in part, for the growth inhibitory activity of Egr1. We have named this new protein TOE1 for target of Egr1.
De Belle
Ian
I
Burnham Institute, La Jolla Cancer Research Center, California 92037, USA. idebelle@burnham.org
Wu
Jie-Xin
JX
Sperandio
Sabina
S
Mercola
Dan
D
Adamson
Eileen D
ED
D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D015723:Gene Library; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
D002843:Chromatin; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497325:EGR1 protein, human; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011506:Proteins; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; C474027:TOE1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D005557:Formaldehyde; D004247:DNA; D008156:Luciferases