title: Temporary threshold shift in military pilots measured using conventional and extended high-frequency audiometry after one flight.
abstract: Noise of such a high level that it can result in hearing deterioration is an inherent characteristic of military flying. Susceptibility to hearing impairment was studied using 51 Finnish Air Force military personnel as subjects. The test persons flew missions on a British Aerospace Hawk 51 advanced jet trainer, Boeing F-18 Hornet, Mikoyan & Gurevich MiG-21bis and Saab 35 Draken interceptors, and a Valmet Redigo turboprop liaison aircraft. The duration of noise exposure was one flight mission, which varied from 30 to 60 min. Noise doses and levels were measured using a miniature microphone at the inlet of the ear canal, while a second microphone was located at the level of the subject's shoulder. Hearing thresholds were measured before each flight using conventional (0.125-8 kHz) and extended high-frequency (EHF) (8.20 kHz) audiometry. The measurements were repeated as soon as possible after the flight. The study showed that the pre-flight threshold levels of the subjects were good. Both conventional and EHF audiometry revealed statistically significant temporary threshold shifts (TTS) at several frequencies and with all aircraft types involved. The changes were, however, minor. The risk of noise-induced hearing impairment at the studied exposure levels is, in all probability, rather small. The role of extended high-frequency audiometry would be in research, and it might be performed for flying personnel upon entering service and every fifth year thereafter.
authors.affiliation: Finnish Air Force Headquarters, PO Box 30, FI-41161 Tikkakoski, Finland. pentti.kuronen@pp.inet.fi
authors.forename: Pentti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuronen
authors.forename: Martti J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sorri
authors.forename: Rauno
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pääkkönen
authors.forename: Arto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muhli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone / Q000379:methods*; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D001359:Aviation; D005260:Female; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors