title: [Transbrachial selective carotid DSA in outpatients: safety and efficacy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe safety and efficacy of transbrachial selective carotid digital subtraction angiography (DSA) in outpatients.
  
  
  METHODS
  From July 1999 to November 2001, selective carotid angiography was performed in 141 outpatients preferably using a left brachial arterial approach. The average age of the patients was 68 years (range: 39 - 89 years). After flush aortography through a 4F-pigtail catheter, bilateral selective common carotid artery (CCA) catheterization was performed with 4F-Sidewinder-1 or Sidewinder-2 catheters. In 49 patients, Doppler-sonography was performed before or after arteriography. A total of 41 patients underwent carotid surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Selective catheterization of the CCA was successful in 96 % of the cases. The diagnostic quality of the opacified aorta and CCA images was good to excellent. The overall complication rate did not exceed 2.1 %, and severe complications were not observed. One patient showed transient neurological symptoms and another mild nausea and agitation, probably as toxic reaction to the contrast medium. A single local hematoma developed after unsuccessful puncture of the brachial artery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transbrachial selective carotid DSA is safe, reliable and well-tolerated in outpatients and achieves a superimposition-free CCA visualization.
authors.affiliation: Institut für diagnostische und interventionelle Radiologie des Klinikums Ingolstadt. thomas.rosen@Klinikum.ingolstadt.de
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Poretti
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Krawczynski
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vorwerk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001916:Brachial Artery; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation; D004869:Equipment Safety; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011677:Punctures; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional