title: Calcium intake of Asian, Hispanic and white youth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine calcium intake and food sources among Asian, white and Hispanic youth, in order to develop and target interventions to improve calcium intake.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey with two 24-hour dietary recalls one week apart. Calcium intake was evaluated in 167 male and female adolescents of Asian, Hispanic and white ethnicity, ages 10-18 years, from six states. Main outcome measures were mean daily calcium intake (mg/day).
  
  
  METHODS
  t tests, Chi-square and analysis of variance for differences by age, ethnicity and gender, multiple regression of factors influencing calcium intake.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall median calcium intake was 938 mg/day with 868 mg/day for Asians, 1180 mg/day for whites and 896 mg/day for Hispanics. Daily milk intake was the primary predictor of calcium intake with Asian ethnicity and female gender each showing a negative association to calcium intake in multiple regression models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Milk intake was the primary factor positively influencing calcium intake, while Asian ethnicity and female gender negatively influenced calcium intake. Thus, interventions to improve calcium intake should focus on improving milk intake of Asians and females.
authors.affiliation: University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Novotny
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boushey
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bock
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peck
authors.forename: Garry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Auld
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bruhn
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gustafson
authors.forename: Kathe
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gabel
authors.forename: James Keith
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Scottie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Misner
authors.forename: Marsha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Read
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001213:Asian; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000208:ethnology; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008892:Milk; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary