title: [Aminoglycosides].
abstract: Aminoglycosides remain as a efficacious class of antimicrobials, commonly used in the clinical practice. In spite of the existence of several mechanisms of resistance, they continue being active against most of the aerobic Gram-negative bacilli. Currently, although aminoglycosides may be used as monotherapy in the urinary tract infections, they are mainly used in combination with b-lactam antibiotics in severe infections caused by Gram-negative bacilli. The knowledge about the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters of aminoglycosides has suggested their use in an once-daily dosing regimen. This dosing has shown as efficacious as multiple-daily dosing regimen in several studies, which also have shown a trend toward a lower toxicity. Among the adverse events, nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity require a careful evaluation during its administration.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla. España. jnicas@cica.es
authors.forename: Julián
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palomino
authors.forename: Jerónimo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pachón
mesh_terms: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006088:Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents