title: Tumour necrosis factor-alpha-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 on human eosinophilic leukaemia EoL-1 cells is mediated by the activation of nuclear factor-kappaB pathway.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) has been shown to mediate the adhesion and migration of eosinophils to the site of allergic inflammation. However, molecular mechanisms regulating the expression of ICAM-1 in eosinophils are still being elucidated. We investigated the effect of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) on ICAM-1 expression of eosinophils.
  
  
  METHODS
  The surface expression of ICAM-1 on a human eosinophilic leukaemic cell line, EoL-1, was assessed by immunocytochemical staining. The phosphorylation of inhibitor kappa B-alpha (IkappaB-alpha) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) was detected by Western blot. Nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-kappaB) pathway-related genes were evaluated by the cDNA expression array system, whereas the activity of NF-kappaB was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  TNF-alpha was found to induce the cell surface expression of ICAM-1. A specific proteasome inhibitor N-cbz-Leu-Leu-leucinal (MG-132), but not a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB 203580), was found to suppress the TNF-alpha-induced expression of ICAM-1 on EoL-1 cells. The gene expressions of ICAM-1, NF-kappaB and IkappaBalpha were up-regulated after the stimulation with TNF-alpha. Further, TNF-alpha was shown to induce IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation and degradation, thereby indicating the activation of NF-kappaB. In EMSA, there was a shifted NF-kappaB band on TNF-alpha-treated cells with or without SB 203580, but no shifted band was observed on MG-132-treated cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vitro studies of EoL-1 cells, an eosinophilic leukaemic cell line, confirmed that NF-kappaB plays an important role in the expression of ICAM-1 and recruitment of eosinophils in allergic inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Pathology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
authors.forename: W K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: C W K
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lam
mesh_terms: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D017681:Hypereosinophilic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D007093:Imidazoles; D007976:Leupeptins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606204:NFKBIA protein, human; D011725:Pyridines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580; C072553:benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde