title: The Escherichia coli lipB gene encodes lipoyl (octanoyl)-acyl carrier protein:protein transferase.
abstract: In an earlier study (S. W. Jordan and J. E. Cronan, Jr., J. Biol. Chem. 272:17903-17906, 1997) we reported a new enzyme, lipoyl-[acyl carrier protein]-protein N-lipoyltransferase, in Escherichia coli and mitochondria that transfers lipoic acid from lipoyl-acyl carrier protein to the lipoyl domains of pyruvate dehydrogenase. It was also shown that E. coli lipB mutants lack this enzyme activity, a finding consistent with lipB being the gene that encoded the lipoyltransferase. However, it remained possible that lipB encoded a positive regulator required for lipoyltransferase expression or action. We now report genetic and biochemical evidence demonstrating that lipB encodes the lipoyltransferase. A lipB temperature-sensitive mutant was shown to produce a thermolabile lipoyltransferase and a tagged version of the lipB-encoded protein was purified to homogeneity and shown to catalyze the transfer of either lipoic acid or octanoic acid from their acyl carrier protein thioesters to the lipoyl domain of pyruvate dehydrogenase. In the course of these experiments the ATG initiation codon commonly assigned to lipB genes in genomic databases was shown to produce a nonfunctional E. coli LipB protein, whereas initiation at an upstream TTG codon gave a stable and enzymatically active protein. Prior genetic results (T. W. Morris, K. E. Reed, and J. E. Cronan, Jr., J. Bacteriol. 177:1-10, 1995) suggested that lipoate protein ligase (LplA) could also utilize (albeit poorly) acyl carrier protein substrates in addition to its normal substrates lipoic acid plus ATP. We have detected a very slow LplA-catalyzed transfer of lipoic acid and octanoic acid from their acyl carrier protein thioesters to the lipoyl domain of pyruvate dehydrogenase. A nonhydrolyzable lipoyl-AMP analogue was found to competitively inhibit both ACP-dependent and ATP-dependent reactions of LplA, suggesting that the same active site catalyzes two chemically diverse reactions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Sean W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cronan
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001692:Biological Transport; D002210:Caprylates / Q000378:metabolism; D018387:Codon, Initiator; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006639:Histidine / Q000235:genetics; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008025:Ligases; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D008063:Thioctic Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002210:Caprylates; D018387:Codon, Initiator; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C490345:lplA protein, E coli; C089935:lplA protein, bacteria; D006639:Histidine; D008063:Thioctic Acid; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000217:Acyltransferases; C421483:LipB protein, E coli; D008025:Ligases; C031492:octanoic acid