title: Involvement of actin polymerization in vesicle recruitment at the calyx of Held synapse.
abstract: Depletion and replenishment of pools of synaptic vesicles are important determinants of short-term synaptic plasticity, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are not yet clear. As a first step toward understanding the process of vesicle recruitment, we have applied various specific agents directly to the presynaptic terminal of the calyx of Held synapse. Here we show that the nonhydrolyzable ATP analog ATP-gammaS retards the recovery from vesicle pool depletion, as does latrunculin A. Phalloidin has no effects on recovery, suggesting that dynamic actin reorganization is not necessary. Unexpectedly, neither N-ethylmaleimide nor staurosporine affected the recovery, calling into question the role of N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor and protein kinases. The results suggest that intact actin polymerization is involved in vesicle recruitment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Membrane Biophysics, Max-Planck-Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, D-37077, Germany.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakaba
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Neher
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005033:Ethylmaleimide / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D052066:N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Proteins; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010590:Phalloidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D053778:Thiazolidines; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D013844:Thiazoles; D053778:Thiazolidines; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D010590:Phalloidine; C022571:adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate); D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D052066:N-Ethylmaleimide-Sensitive Proteins; C498737:Nsf protein, rat; D019311:Staurosporine; D005033:Ethylmaleimide; C037067:latrunculin A