title: Valine/valine genotype at position 247 of the beta2-glycoprotein I gene in Mexican patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome: association with anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the polymorphism at position 247 of the beta(2)-glycoprotein I (beta(2)GPI) gene in Mexican patients with antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and to compare these data in patients with or without antibodies to beta(2)GPI and with the clinical manifestations of APS.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 39 patients with primary APS and compared them with 106 clinically healthy subjects. Polymorphism was determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The presence of "true" anticardiolipin (aCL) antibodies, beta(2)GPI-dependent aCL antibodies (IgG and IgM), and phospholipid-free anti-beta(2)GPI antibodies (IgG isotype) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) utilizing nonirradiated ELISA plates. Clinical manifestations associated with antiphospholipid antibodies were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no significant differences in the genotype expression between the control group and the primary APS patients (13% with VV, 52% with VL, and 35% with LL versus 23% with VV, 51% with VL, and 26% with LL, respectively). In contrast, anti-beta(2)GPI-positive patients had significantly higher frequencies of the VV genotype and V allele expression than the control subjects and the anti-beta(2)GPI-negative patients. These genotype and allele frequencies were also significantly higher in patients with arterial thrombosis than in patients without it. Anti-beta(2)GPI-negative patients without arterial thrombosis did not express the VV genotype. We found no differences in the Val/Leu(247) polymorphism of the beta(2)GPI gene in primary APS patients with or without "true" aCL antibodies or in primary APS patients with or without beta(2)GPI-dependent aCL antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the VV genotype at position 247 of the beta(2)GPI gene may play a role in the generation of anti-beta(2)GPI antibodies and perhaps in the expression of arterial thrombosis in primary APS.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: G Aleph
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: Antonio R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.forename: Martín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zapata-Zuñiga
authors.forename: Abraham J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Simón
authors.forename: Antonio R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Donato
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alarcón-Segovia
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cabiedes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D000939:Epitopes / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014633:Valine / Q000235:genetics; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D006023:Glycoproteins; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; D014633:Valine