title: [In vitro metabolic studies of the novel anti-anxietic drug AF-5 and its metabolites in human liver microsome incubation system].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the metabolism of a novel anti-anxietic drug AF-5 and its metabolites (I, II) in human liver microsome incubation system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human liver microsomes were prepared, the enzyme activity was determined to be 8.79 mg.mL-1 by Lowry's method. The human liver microsome incubation system consisted of: human liver microsomes 2 mg.mL-1, glucose-6-phosphate (G-6-P) 0.01 mmol.mL-1, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PDH) 1 U.mL-1, magnesium chloride (MgCl2) 4.0 mumol.mL-1, coenzyme II in oxidized form (NADP) 0.5 mumol.mL-1, and coenzyme I in reduced form (NADH) 1.0 mumol.mL-1. Two milligrams of AF-5 solubilized by Tween 80 was then added, the mixture was diluted to 5 mL with Tris-HCl solution and the mixture was incubated in a 37 degrees C water bath with shaking. Oxygen was passed over the liquid surface for 0.5 min every 20 minutes. The incubation was carried out for 40 min and 100 min respectively. Three volumes of ethyl ether were added to stop the metabolism, and more ethyl ether was used to extract the metabolites for 3 times. The ether extracts were pooled together, dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, then evaporated to dryness. The residue was dissolved in 0.5 mL n-hexane and analyzed by GC/MS under the following conditions: 150 degrees C (1 min)[formula: see text]180 degrees C (1 min)[formula: see text]260 degrees C (2 min), in the total ion current mode, EI: 70 eV, interface temperature: 250 degrees C, ion source temperature: 200 degrees C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two major metabolites were found and identified in this incubation system, and demonstrated that the in vitro metabolic pathway was that the carbon 4 was first oxidized to hydroxyl group, then further oxidized to a carbonyl group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In human liver microsome incubation system AF-5 was completely metabolized in 100 min to the hydroxy derivative I and carbonyl derivative II, with hydroxymetabolite as the major metabolite. Metabolite I was further transformed to metabolite II, which was not metabolized any further by the human liver microsomes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006575:Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D015394:Molecular Structure
chemical_list: C481920:AF-5 compound; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D006575:Heterocyclic Compounds, 3-Ring