title: Development of interface in hydroxyapatite implanted in the middle ear of the rat: a light and scanning microscopy study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this work is to study the chronology in the biological covering of the hydroxyapatite bioprostheses in the healthy middle ear of the rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dense hydroxyapatite is implanted into the middle ear of 45 Long-Evans rats, between stapes and tympanic membrane. The sample was divided into 3 groups for morphologic, functional, and chemical studies at 15 days, 3 months, and 6 months after surgery, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The short-term studies reveal that the prostheses is surrounded by a fibrous epithelial tissue referred as the interface; it presents a marked inflammatory reaction that decreases gradually in the medium-term and long-term studies; in this way, we observe a progressive adhesion between implant and the contact tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This model has enabled us to study the cell reaction produced by the contact of the prostheses with bone and soft tissue and their impact on the functional qualities of the prostheses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Clínica Puerta de Hierro, Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain. mpinilla@mi.madritel.es
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinilla
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Camacho
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Salas
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: López-Cortijo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vergara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000601:surgery; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008853:Microscopy / Q000379:methods; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning / Q000379:methods; D009998:Ossicular Prosthesis; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D006882:Hydroxyapatites