title: Oxidized galectin-1 stimulates the migration of Schwann cells from both proximal and distal stumps of transected nerves and promotes axonal regeneration after peripheral nerve injury.
abstract: Oxidized galectin-1 has recently been identified as a key factor that plays important roles in initial axonal growth in injured peripheral nerves. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of oxidized galectin-1 on regeneration of rat spinal nerves using acellular autografts (containing no viable cells) and allografts (containing no cell membranes) with special attention to the relationship between axonal regeneration and Schwann cell migration. Immunohistochemically, endogenous galectin-1 was expressed in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, spinal cord motoneurons, and axons and Schwann cells in normal sciatic nerves. Administration of oxidized recombinant human galectin-1 (rh-gal-lox, 5 ng/ml) in autograft model promoted axonal regeneration from motoneurons as well as from DRG neurons; this was confirmed by a fluorogold tracer study (p < 0.05). Anti-rh-gal-1 antibody (30 microg/ml) strongly inhibited axonal regrowth (p < 0.05). Pretreatment of allografts with rh-gal-lox stimulated the migration of Schwann cells not only from proximal stumps but also from distal stumps into the grafts, resulting in accelerated axonal regeneration (p < 0.05). Moreover, Schwann cell migration preceded the axonal growth in the presence of exogenous rh-gal-lox in the grafts. These results strongly suggest that local administration of exogenous rh-gal-lox promotes the migration of Schwann cells followed by axonal regeneration from both motor and sensory neurons, resulting in acceleration of neuronal repair. This technique may also be of value in the repair of human nerves.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukaya
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mashitani
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kadoya
authors.forename: Hidenori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tachibana
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kida
authors.forename: Junkoh
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000870:Anterior Horn Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D037483:Galectin 1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020426:Sciatic Neuropathy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D016378:Tissue Transplantation; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D037483:Galectin 1