title: [Exogenous nitric oxide induces apoptosis in tachyzoites of Toxoplasma gondii].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore whether NO is able to induce apoptosis in Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apoptosis induced by NO in T. gondii tachyzoites was investigated by TUNEL (terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated d-UTP nick end labeling) method, electron microscopy and agarose gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), was found to induce apoptosis in Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites in a time- and dose-dependent manner by TUNEL detection. N-acetylcysteine, a NO scavenger, could inhibit SNP-induced apoptosis in the tachyzoites while potassium ferricyanide could not induce apoptosis in the tachyzoite. Electron macroscopy showed that SNP-treated tachyzoites possessed typical morphological features of apoptosis, including chromatin condensation below the nuclear membrane, nuclear pyknosis, and formation of apoptotic body. Agarose gel electrophoresis revealed that SNP-treated tachyzoite DNA fragment exhibited characteristic "DNA ladder" after 15 to 20 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SNP, NO donor, might induce apoptosis in T. gondii tachyzoites in terms of characteristic morphological and biochemical features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000111:Acetylcysteine