title: Association study of the estrogen receptor polymorphisms with tardive dyskinesia in schizophrenia.
abstract: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is an involuntary movement disorder induced by long-term antipsychotic treatments. Estrogen is suggested to modulate dopamine receptors in the central nervous system and may decrease the incidence and/or relieve the symptoms of TD. In this study, 118 schizophrenia patients with antipsychotic-induced TD and 128 sex- and age-matched non-TD schizophrenia patients were recruited. All patients were assessed by the Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale and genotyped for the polymorphisms of estrogen receptor-alpha gene (ESR 1). There was a marginal association of the genotypes determined by PVU II between TD and non-TD patients (p = 0.057), but not of the genotypes determined by XBA I (p = 0.896). However, further studies on other polymorphisms of ESR 1 or other estrogen receptors are necessary to clarify the role of estrogen in the pathogenesis of TD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yuli Veterans Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC. Hannah@love.url.com.tw
authors.forename: I-Ching
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Ding-Lieh
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Ya-Mei
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Chao-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shun-Chieh
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jen-Yeu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ying-Chieh
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004409:Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen