title: Gender-related differences in the effects of nitric oxide donors on neuroleptic-induced catalepsy in mice.
abstract: It has been suggested that nigrostriatal dopaminergic transmission is modulated by nitric oxide (NO). Since there is evidence that gonadal hormones can affect extrapyramidal motor behavior in mammals, we investigated the effects of isosorbide dinitrate (ISD), linsidomine (SIN-1) and S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), three pharmacologically different NO donors, on neuroleptic-induced catalepsy in 60- to 80-day-old male and female albino mice. Catalepsy was induced with haloperidol (1 mg/kg, ip) and measured at 30-min intervals by means of a bar test. Drugs (or appropriate vehicle) were injected ip 30 min before haloperidol, with each animal being used only once. ISD (5, 20 and 50 mg/kg) caused a dose-dependent inhibition of catalepsy in male mice (maximal effect 120 min after haloperidol: 64% inhibition). In the females only at the highest dose of ISD was an attenuation of catalepsy observed, which was mild and short lasting. SIN-1 (10 and 50 mg/kg) did not significantly affect catalepsy in female mice, while a significant attenuation was observed in males at the dose of 50 mg/kg (maximal inhibition: 60%). SNAP (20 mg/kg) significantly attenuated catalepsy in males 120 min after haloperidol (44% inhibition), but had no significant effect on females. These results basically agree with literature data showing that NO facilitates central dopaminergic transmission, although the mechanisms are not fully understood. They also reveal the existence of gender-related differences in this nitrergic modulation in mice, with females being less affected than males.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Centro Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Vitória, ES, Brasil. jgppires@npd.ufes.br
authors.forename: J G P
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Saraiva
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bonikovski
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Futuro Neto
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002375:Catalepsy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; C002385:linsidomine; D026423:S-Nitroso-N-Acetylpenicillamine; D008981:Molsidomine; D007548:Isosorbide Dinitrate; D006220:Haloperidol