title: Facilitation of both stretch reflex and corticospinal pathways of the tibialis anterior muscle during standing in humans.
abstract: Excitability of both stretch reflex (SR) and motor evoked potential (MEP) elicited in the tibialis anterior (TA) muscle by transcranial magnetic stimulation were tested in standing humans. The results demonstrated significantly greater values for both SR and MEP in the TA while standing than while in the supine posture, although background electromyographic activity was silent in the two conditions. Taken together with previous reports that both pathways are facilitated in the TA at the early stance phase of human walking, our findings suggest that a common neural mechanism underlies both observations, one that might be functionally relevant for securing ankle joint stabilization during upright standing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Motor Dysfunction, Research Institute of National Rehabilitation Center for the Disabled, 4-1 Namiki, Tokorozawa 359-8555, Japan. nakazawa@rehab.go.jp
authors.forename: Kimitaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Obata
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Daichi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011712:Pyramidal Tracts / Q000502:physiology*; D012026:Reflex, Stretch / Q000502:physiology*; D016683:Supine Position / Q000502:physiology