title: Fluvastatin prevents renal dysfunction and vascular NO deficit in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of fluvastatin on atherosclerosis, systemic and regional hemodynamics, and vascular reactivity in apolipoprotein E-deficient (ApoE(-/-)) mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hemodynamics (fluospheres) and vasomotor responses of thoracic aorta and carotid artery were evaluated in male wild-type (WT) and untreated (ApoE(-/-) Control) or fluvastatin-treated (50 mg/kg per day for 20 weeks) ApoE(-/-) mice, all fed a Western-type diet. Plasma cholesterol and aortic root atherosclerotic lesions (ALs) were greater in ApoE(-/-) Control mice (19+/-1 mmol/L and 63,0176+/-38,785 micro m(2), respectively) than in WT mice (2+/-1 mmol/L and 1+/-1 micro m(2), respectively, P<0.01). Fluvastatin significantly decreased plasma cholesterol (-53%) but failed to limit ALs. Renal blood flow was significantly reduced in ApoE(-/-) Control versus WT (-25%, P<0.05) mice. This reduction was prevented by fluvastatin. Aortic and carotid endothelium-dependent relaxations to acetylcholine were not altered in ApoE(-/-) Control versus WT mice. In carotid arteries from WT mice, these responses were abolished after nitro-L-arginine (L-NA), whereas those from ApoE(-/-) Control were only partially inhibited after L-NA but fully abolished after L-NA+diclofenac. Thus, in carotid arteries from ApoE(-/-) mice, vasodilating prostanoids compensate the deficit in NO availability. Fluvastatin prevented this carotid NO deficit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In ApoE(-/-) mice, chronic fluvastatin treatment preserved renal perfusion and vascular NO availability independently from atherosclerotic lesion prevention.
authors.affiliation: Département de Pharmacologie, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud and INSERM E00.01, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gervais
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pons
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicoletti
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cosson
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Giudicelli
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Richer
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077340:Fluvastatin; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010477:Perfusion; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D008055:Lipids; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000077340:Fluvastatin; D000109:Acetylcholine