title: Effect of tibolone treatment on intima-media thickness and the resistive indices of the carotid arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of tibolone treatment on the intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery (CCA) and the resistive indices (RIs) of the CCA and internal (ICA) and external (ECA) carotid and the vertebral arteries (VAs) in postmenopausal women as sonographic markers of atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty postmenopausal women who had no cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Noninvasive measurements of the IMT of the CCA and the RI of the CCA, ICA, ECA, and VA were made with ultrasound at baseline and after 12 weeks of tibolone treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  IMT of the CCA and RI of the CCA, ICA, ECA, and VA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three months of tibolone treatment decreased the IMT of the CCA (mean +/- SD) from 0.70 +/- 0.22 mm (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.60-0.80) to 0.47 +/- 0.17 mm (95% CI, 0.39-0.55) by 28%. Resistive indices of the CCA, ICA, and VA also decreased significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study showed that tibolone treatment decreases both the IMT of the CCA and RI of the CCA, ICA, and VA, which appears to be related to its anti-atherosclerotic effect. Nevertheless, the clinical implications of these findings are yet to be investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. erenus@superonline.com
authors.forename: Mithat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erenus
authors.forename: A Hakan
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ilhan
authors.forename: Koray
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001161:Arteriosclerosis; D015415:Biomarkers; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009652:Norpregnenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017698:Postmenopause; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020847:Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D009652:Norpregnenes; C027385:tibolone