title: Usher syndrome type I G (USH1G) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding SANS, a protein that associates with the USH1C protein, harmonin.
abstract: Usher syndrome type I (USH1) is the most frequent cause of hereditary deaf-blindness in humans. Seven genetic loci (USH1A-G) have been implicated in this disease to date, and four of the corresponding genes have been identified: USH1B, C, D and F. We carried out fine mapping of USH1G (chromosome 17q24-25), restricting the location of this gene to an interval of 2.6 Mb and then screened genes present within this interval for mutations. The genes screened included the orthologue of the Sans gene, which is defective in the Jackson shaker deaf mutant and maps to the syntenic region in mice. In two consanguineous USH1G-affected families, we detected two different frameshift mutations in the SANS gene. Two brothers from a German family affected with USH1G were found to be compound heterozygotes for a frameshift and a missense mutation. These results demonstrate that SANS underlies USH1G. The SANS protein contains three ankyrin domains and a sterile alpha motif, and its C-terminal tripeptide presents a class I PDZ-binding motif. We showed, by means of co-transfection experiments, that SANS associates with harmonin, a PDZ domain-containing protein responsible for USH1C. In Jackson shaker mice the hair bundles, the mechanoreceptive structures of inner ear sensory cells, are disorganized. Based on the known interaction between USH1B (myosin VIIa), USH1C (harmonin) and USH1D (cadherin 23) proteins and the results obtained in this study, we suggest that a functional network formed by the USH1B, C, D and G proteins is responsible for the correct cohesion of the hair bundle.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Génétique des Déficits Sensoriels, CNRS URA1968, Institut Pasteur, 25 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weil
authors.forename: Aziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Amraoui
authors.forename: Saber
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masmoudi
authors.forename: Mirna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mustapha
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lainé
authors.forename: Sedigheh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delmaghani
authors.forename: Avital
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adato
authors.forename: Sellama
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nadifi
authors.forename: Zeineb Ben
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Zina
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hamel
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gal
authors.forename: Hammadi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ayadi
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yonekawa
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Petit
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001766:Blindness / Q000235:genetics*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D003638:Deafness / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010375:Pedigree
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C118970:USH1C protein, human; C477452:USH1G protein, human