NFAT regulation in smooth muscle.
First identified in activated T cells, the calcium (Ca2+)-dependent transcription factor, nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFAT), has since been shown to play a role in nonimmune cells, including cells of the cardiovascular system. In arterial smooth muscle, the diverse array of calcium-signaling modalities, the functional interplay between smooth muscle and endothelial cells, and the influence of intravascular pressure on calcium and other signaling pathways creates a calcium-regulatory environment that is arguably unique. This review focuses on mechanisms that control the initial Ca2+/calcineurin-dependent events in NFAT activation, with a particular emphasis on NFAT regulation in native vascular smooth muscle. Also addressed is the role of additional mechanisms that act to modulate calcineurin-dependent NFAT nuclear import/export, mechanisms that may have particular relevance in this tissue.
Hill-Eubanks
David C
DC
Department of Pharmacology, University of Vermont, 89 Beaumont Avenue, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
Gomez
Maria F
MF
Stevenson
Andra S
AS
Nelson
Mark T
MT
D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000503:physiopathology; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000166:cytology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors