title: Comparison of vehicle exhaust emissions from modified diesel fuels.
abstract: Three diesel fuels, one oil sand-derived (OSD) diesel serving as base fuel, one cetane-enhanced base fuel, and one oxygenate [diethylene glycol dimethyl ether (DEDM)]-blended base fuel, were tested for their emission characterizations in vehicle exhaust on a light-duty diesel truck that reflects the engine technology of the 1994 North American standard. Both the cetane-enhanced and the oxygenate-blended fuels were able to reduce regulated [CO, particulate matter (PM), total hydrocarbon (THC)] and nonregulated [polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), carbonyls, and other volatile organic chemicals] emissions, except for nitrogen oxides (NO(x)), compared with the base fuel. Although burning a fuel that contains oxygen could conceivably yield more oxygenated compounds in emissions, the oxygenate-blended diesel fuel resulted in reduced emissions of formaldehyde along with hydrocarbons such as benzene, 1,3-butadiene, and PAHs. Reductions in nitro-PAH emissions have been observed in both the cetane-enhanced and oxygenated fuels. This further demonstrates the benefits of using a cetane enhancer and the oxygenated fuel component.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Research Division, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. jiping_zhu@hc-sc.gc.ca
authors.forename: Jiping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xu-Liang
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pigeon
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004738:Engineering; D005742:Gasoline / Q000032:analysis*; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005742:Gasoline; D001335:Vehicle Emissions