Stroop dilution but not word-processing dilution: evidence for attention capture.
Stroop dilution refers to the observation that the impact of a color word on the naming of a color bar is reduced if another word-like object is displayed simultaneously. Recently, Brown, Roos-Gilbert, and Carr (1995) concluded that Stroop dilution is due to early-visual interference. This conclusion was evaluated in three experiments. Experiment 1 showed that, contrary to the predictions of an early-visual interference account, (a) diluters that are similar in terms of visual complexity induced different amounts of dilution and (b) the size of the dilution effect is proportional to the size of the Stroop interference effect when the diluters are used as single distractors. Experiments 2 and 3 revealed that when the position of the color bar is pre-cued, Stroop dilution disappears. We argue that these findings support Van der Heijden's (1992) attention-capture account of Stroop dilution.
Mitterer
Holger
H
Universiteit Maastricht, Faculteit der Psychologie, Department of Neurocognition, Postbus 6 16, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. h.mitterer@psychology.unimaas.nl
La Heij
Wido
W
Van der Heijden
A H C
AH
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention; D003118:Color Perception; D003463:Cues; D006801:Humans; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009426:Netherlands; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D010470:Perceptual Masking; D011930:Reaction Time