Evolution of oxidative stress and inflammation during hemodialysis and their contribution to cardiovascular disease.
End-stage renal disease patients have increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. These patients have many unique risk factors, such as an accumulation of uremic toxins, electrolyte imbalances, metabolic disturbances, anemia, chronic inflammation, and thrombogenic disturbances. Oxidative stress has been implicated in many of these disturbances. This review will focus on some of the factors that may accelerate cardiovascular disease in uremic patients, with an emphasis on mechanisms and interactions of various components of oxidative stress and inflammation. Understanding the mechanisms of these pathways may be useful in developing effective prevention and treatment strategies.
Wratten
Mary Lou
ML
Clinical and Laboratory Research Department, Bellco, Mirandola (MO) Italy. marylou.wratten@bellcospa.it
Galaris
Dimitrios
D
Tetta
Ciro
C
Sevanian
Alex
A
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D015897:Comorbidity; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors
D008078:Cholesterol, LDL