title: Physical activity during leisure and commuting in Tianjin, China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate physical activity during leisure time and commuting among persons aged 15-69 years in the urban population of Tianjin, China, and to assess its associations with demographic and health-related characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1996 a cross-sectional survey of 2002 males and 1974 females provided information on physical activity during leisure time and commuting and on demographics and health behaviours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No leisure-time physical activity was engaged in by 67% of females and 61% of males. However, only 4% of females and 9% of males reported an absence of physical activity during commuting. The mean duration of leisure-time physical activity for the whole population was about 10 min per day. The average commuting time on foot or by bicycle was about 30 min. Leisure-time physical activity was more frequent among highly educated people, people with high incomes, white-collar workers, married people, non-smokers, or people commuting on foot or by bicycle than among other people. Persons with low incomes, male blue-collar workers and married people were more likely than others to engage in 30 min or more per day of physical activity on foot or by bicycle when commuting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  People in Tianjin engaged in a high level of physical activity when commuting and a low level of leisure-time physical activity.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland. hu.gang@ktl.fi
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pekkarinen
authors.forename: Osmo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hänninen
authors.forename: Zhijie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Huiguang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Zeyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Aulikki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nissinen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001642:Bicycling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002681:China; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014186:Transportation; D016138:Walking / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*