title: Physical exercise increases urinary excretion of lipoxin A4 and related compounds.
abstract: Lipoxins (LX) are lipoxygenase-derived eicosanoids with potent anti-inflammatory activities and vascular bed-dependent vasodilatory actions. LX can be formed in vitro and in vivo in a number of conditions, and we have reported that immunoreactive LXA(4) (iLXA(4)) is physiologically excreted with human urine. Using a recently developed LX extraction method coupled to an ELISA, we examined whether iLXA(4) excretion was modified by strenuous exercise, which is known to trigger potential LX-forming events. Maximal exertion significantly increased iLXA(4) urinary excretion in nine healthy volunteers (0.061 +/- 0.023 vs. 0.113 +/- 0.057 ng/mg creatinine; P = 0.028). iLXA(4) levels returned to baseline after 6 h and increased, although at a smaller extent, after 24 h. A significant correlation (r = 0.988) was denoted between iLXA(4) ELISA measurements and reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography quantitation of a previously described urinary tetraene, confirming its LXA(4)-related nature. These findings show for the first time that an increase in excretion of LXA(4)-related compounds can be observed in response to strenuous exercise. This may be the reflection of an enhanced LX biosynthesis, which may represent a safeguard mechanism that keeps the inflammatory reaction triggered by physical stress under control.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Pathology, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
authors.forename: Sebastiano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gangemi
authors.forename: Graziella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luciotti
authors.forename: Etrusca
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: D'Urbano
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mallamace
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Santoro
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bellinghieri
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davi
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids / Q000652:urine*; D044045:Lipoxins; D008297:Male; D010807:Physical Endurance; D012016:Reference Values; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006893:Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acids; D044045:Lipoxins; C040527:lipoxin A4