title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha-induced interleukin-8 (IL-8) expression in endometriotic stromal cells, probably through nuclear factor-kappa B activation: gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist treatment reduced IL-8 expression.
abstract: Endometriosis, a common disease among women of reproductive age, is characterized by the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside the uterus. We previously reported that TNFalpha promoted proliferation of endometriotic stromal cells by inducing IL-8 gene and protein expression. We hypothesize that TNFalpha may induce IL-8 production in endometriotic cells through nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) activation. Western blot analyses and electrophoretic mobility shift assays revealed that incubation with TNF alpha induced the expression of phosphorylated inhibitor kappa B (p-I kappa B) and activation of NF-kappa B in endometriotic stromal cells. The NF-kappa B inhibitor, N-tosyl-L-phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone, reduced TNFalpha-induced IL-8 gene and protein expression. The medical treatment of endometriosis with GnRH agonist (GnRHa) has been shown to induce hypoestrogenemia and reduce the observable number of endometriotic implants. We compare the expression of IL-8 gene and protein in endometriotic stromal cells of patients treated with GnRHa and those of patients without treatment before laparoscopic cystectomy for endometrioma. The addition of TNFalpha (0.1 ng/ml) significantly increased protein and gene expression of IL-8 in the cells of patients without GnRHa treatment, but this expression was not observed in the cells of patients with GnRHa. The addition of estradiol (E2; 10(-7) M) enhanced the expression of IL-8. However, in the cells of patients who received GnRHa treatment, TNFalpha and E2 did not show any significant effect. In endometriotic stromal cells without GnRHa treatment, TNFalpha and E2 increased the expression of p-I kappa B. In contrast, TNFalpha and E2 had no significant effect on the expression of p-I kappa B in cells that received GnRHa treatment. These findings demonstrate that NF-kappa B activation is critical for TNFalpha-induced IL-8 expression in endometriotic stromal cells. The current study showed for the first time that GnRHa treatment attenuated the expression of IL-8 by reducing TNFalpha-induced NF-kappa B activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tottori University School of Medicine, Yonago 683-8504, Japan. sakayasu@grape.med.tottori-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Tasuku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Sayako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horie
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iba
authors.forename: Fuminori
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Souichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Tomio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwabe
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terakawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists*; D006801:Humans; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics*; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D014108:Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004967:Estrogens; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606204:NFKBIA protein, human; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D014108:Tosylphenylalanyl Chloromethyl Ketone