title: Evaluation of a childhood lead questionnaire in predicting elevated blood lead levels in a rural community.
abstract: The accuracy of a lead screening questionnaire in predicting elevated blood lead levels was examined in a pediatric practice in a rural part of New York state. A retrospective chart review was used to collect data on children ages 9 to 24 months who presented for well-child visits. Children with both questionnaire and lead level results available in the chart were included in the study (n = 171). The mean blood lead level among all children was 1.6 microg/dl (median = 2.0 microg/dl, range 0 to 24 microg/dl). Four children (2.3%) had elevated lead levels (greater than 10 microg/dl), with levels for two of these children being greater than 20 microg/dl. Although our lead screening questionnaire was expanded from the standard 1991 CDC questionnaire by the inclusion of six additional items, it was not especially useful in predicting elevated blood lead levels above 10 microg/dl. However, the questionnaire exhibited some utility in predicting marked elevations in blood lead levels (over 20 microg/dl). Although results in other geographic areas might differ, the lead questionnaire may have value by enhancing parents' awareness of potential lead hazards in their children's environment and may prove to be more useful in areas of high risk to lead exposure.
authors.affiliation: Rural Family Medicine Program, State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.
authors.forename: Marco A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñiz
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dundas
authors.forename: Martin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mahoney
mesh_terms: D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood*; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012423:Rural Health; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D007854:Lead