title: The effect of a 10% carbamide peroxide home bleaching system on the gingival health.
abstract: Esthetics plays an important role in dentistry today. Because of an increased emphasis on beauty and health, cosmetic dentistry has been the thrust to the forefront of many practices. Many health products are used for bleaching teeth, but all side effects are not known. Tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation are the most common side effects, but they are typically mild and transient in nature. The aim of this investigation was to evaluate objectively the effect of 10% carbamide peroxide gel (Opalescence Utradent Inc, USA) on gingival health by measuring changes in Bleeding Index, Plaque Index, and Gingival Index. Eighteen subjects, 11 female and 7 male, age range 15-30 years (mean 24 years), were selected for the study as a convenient sample. Their teeth had either fluorosis, dental stains, smoking, or tetracycline staining. The Opalescence system was used as office monitored, at-home bleaching for three weeks. There was a statistically significant reduction in bleeding on probing (1% - 37%, p < or = 0.003), Plaque Index (4% - 50%, p < or = 0.000), and Gingival Index (2.5% - 34%, p < or = 0.002). Only two subjects reported tooth hypersensitivity, and none of the subjects complained about gingival irritation. There was a positive change in tooth color as far as staining was concerned. Further research including randomized controlled, double blind clinical trials is needed to confirm these findings and to examine other factors related to bleaching of teeth.
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontics of the Department of Preventive Dental Sciences at the King Saud University, College of Dentistry in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Khalidalmas@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Khalid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Almas
authors.forename: Mawahib
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Harbi
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Gunaim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000139:chemically induced; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016877:Oxidants / Q000009:adverse effects; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010545:Peroxides / Q000009:adverse effects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014508:Urea / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea