title: Rapid determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin in water samples by using solid-phase microextraction followed by gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: A rapid and simple method of using solid-phase microextraction was developed for determination of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) in water samples. In this method, the target analyte is extracted from the sample into the polymeric coating of the fused-silica fiber. After exposure, the fiber is thermally desorbed in the heated injection port of the gas chromatograph, and a chromatographic analysis is performed by using low-resolution tandem mass spectrometry. Parameters that may affect the extension of the microextraction process, such as sampling mode, sample volume, temperature, agitation, and sampling time, were studied. Extraction efficiencies for 3 coating fibers were investigated: 100 microm poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS), 65 microm PDMS-divinylbenzene, and 75 microm carboxen-PDMS. Linearity was evaluated (R = 0.999) for a 250-fold concentration range from the fg/mL to the pg/mL level. The 2,3,7,8-TCDD was detected at the fg/mL level when the headspace over the water sample was sampled for 60 min; the limit of detection obtained was better than that of Method 8280B of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The proposed method performed well when applied to the analysis of tap water, lake water, and seawater samples.
authors.affiliation: Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, E-15706, Instituto de Investigación y Análisis Alimentarios, Facultad de Química, Nutrición y Bromatología, Departamento de Química Analítica, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. qblvrlgb@usc.es
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Landín
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Llompart
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lourido
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: García-Jares
authors.forename: Nieves
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Carro
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cela
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002138:Calibration; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D014867:Water; D012822:Silicon Dioxide