title: Different subtype distributions in two cities in Myanmar: evidence for independent clusters of HIV-1 transmission.
abstract: A molecular epidemiological investigation was conducted in two major cities in Myanmar (Yangon and Mandalay). The study revealed a unique predominance of HIV-1 subtype B' (Thailand variant of subtype B) among injecting drug users in Yangon, indicating the strong founder effect of this variant. In contrast, multiple lineages of HIV-1 strains were found in Mandalay, leading to the evolution of various forms of intersubtype recombinants. The results showed independent clusters of HIV-1 transmission in Myanmar.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Epidemiology, AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Motomura
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusagawa
authors.forename: Hla Htut
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lwin
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thwe
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Myint
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaw
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagatake
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takebe
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D002052:Myanmar / Q000453:epidemiology; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous