title: GOLD stage 0.
authors.forename: Isa
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cerveri
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corsico
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Zoia
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications*; D003371:Cough / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013183:Sputum / Q000378:metabolism*