title: The familial contribution to non-syndromic ocular coloboma in south India.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the proportion of familial cases of isolated ocular colobomatous malformations in a case series from south India.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children with ocular coloboma without systemic features were recruited from multiple sources in Andhra Pradesh, India. Their families were traced, pedigrees drawn, and family members examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  56 probands, 25 females (44.6%) and 31 males (57.4%) with a colobomatous malformation were identified. In 12 cases (21.4%) another family member was affected. The risk to siblings was 3.8%. The parents were consanguineous in 25 cases (44.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  21.4% of cases of isolated ocular coloboma in this highly consanguineous population of south India were familial, with both autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive mechanisms likely in different families.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and International Eye Health, Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK. stella.hornby@virgin.net
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hornby
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dandona
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Gilbert
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003103:Coloboma / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D003241:Consanguinity; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree; D012307:Risk Factors; D035781:Siblings