title: Periocular gene transfer of sFlt-1 suppresses ocular neovascularization and vascular endothelial growth factor-induced breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a critical stimulus for both retinal and choroidal neovascularization, and for diabetic macular edema. We used mouse models for these diseases to explore the potential of gene transfer of soluble VEGF receptor-1 (sFlt-1) as a treatment. Intravitreous or periocular injection of an adenoviral vector encoding sFlt-1 (AdsFlt-1.10) markedly suppressed choroidal neovascularization at rupture sites in Bruch's membrane. Periocular injection of AdsFlt-1.10 also caused significant reduction in VEGF-induced breakdown of the blood-retinal barrier, but failed to significantly inhibit ischemia-induced retinal neovascularization. Periocular delivery of an adenoviral vector encoding pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF), another secreted protein, resulted in high levels of PEDF in the retinal pigmented epithelium and choroid, but not in the retina. This may explain why periocular injection of AdsFlt-1.10 inhibited choroidal, but not retinal neovascularization. Periocular delivery offers potential advantages over other routes of delivery and the demonstration that sFlt-1 enters the eye from the periocular space in sufficient levels to achieve efficacy in treating choroidal neovascularization and retinal vascular permeability is a novel finding that has important clinical implications. These data suggest that periocular gene transfer of sFlt-1 should be considered for treatment of choroidal neovascularization and diabetic macular edema.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-9277, USA.
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gehlbach
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Demetriades
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Tye
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deering
authors.forename: Wei Hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Elia J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Duh
authors.forename: Hoseong S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kovesdi
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrion
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Campochiaro
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae; D000818:Animals; D001813:Blood-Retinal Barrier / Q000502:physiology*; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D005123:Eye / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008222:Lymphokines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB; C103815:nonmuscle myosin type IIB heavy chain; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains