title: The use of tolterodine in children after oxybutynin failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the safety and efficacy of tolterodine tartrate prescribed to children who previously failed to tolerate oxybutynin chloride.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 34 children, followed for>1 year, who were prospectively crossed-over from oxybutynin to tolterodine because of side-effects. The initial diagnosis was dysfunctional voiding in 31 patients. All patients were placed on a behavioural modification protocol. When their symptoms did not improve after 6 months, treatment with an anticholinergic agent was considered. Urodynamic studies were conducted in 20 patients, confirming uninhibited contractions in 19. The remaining 14 patients were empirically started on antimuscarinic or anticholinergic agents. The 34 patients were treated with oxybutynin for a median (range) of 6 (2-84) months. When significant side-effects were reported, they were crossed over to tolterodine. The efficacy of tolterodine was assessed as defined by the International Children's Continence Society, with tolerability assessed and side-effects documented using a questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age at the first dose of tolterodine was 8.9 years; the dose was 1 mg twice daily for 12 patients and 2 mg twice daily for 22. The median treatment with tolterodine was 11.5 months, with 20 (59%) patients reporting no side-effects; six described the same but tolerable side-effects as with oxybutynin. Eight patients discontinued tolterodine because of side-effects after a median (range) of 5 (1-11) months. The efficacy of tolterodine was comparable with that of oxybutynin, as reported by the questionnaire and voiding diaries. The reduction in wetting episodes at 1 year was> 90% in 23 (68%), more than half in five and less than half (or failure) in six patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tolterodine is tolerated well in children. In this subgroup of patients who could not tolerate oxybutynin, 77% were able to continue tolterodine treatment with no significant side-effects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bolduc
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Upadhyay
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Payton
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Bägli
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: McLorie
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Khoury
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Farhat
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003408:Cresols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004775:Enuresis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013644:Tartrates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D003408:Cresols; D008333:Mandelic Acids; D013644:Tartrates; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; C005419:oxybutynin