title: Cytotoxic sesquiterpene lactones from Centaurothamnus maximus and Vicoa pentanema.
abstract: The aerial parts of Centaurothamnus maximus yielded three cytotoxic guaianolides, chlorojanerin (1), cynaropicrin (2) and janerin (3). The structure elucidation of 1-3 was based on (1)H and (13)C NMR data, mainly 2D-NMR (1)H-(1)H COSY and (1)H-(13)C HETCOR experiments. Compounds 1-3 showed in vitro cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines of malignant melanoma (SK-MEL), epidermoid (KB), ductal (BT-549) and ovarian (SK-OV-3) carcinomas with IC(50) values of 2-6 microgram/mL. In addition, 12 sesquiterpene lactones (4-15), isolated previously from the aerial parts of Vicoa pentanema, were evaluated for cytotoxic and antimicrobial activities. 2alpha- Acetoxy-3beta-hydroxyalantolactone (10) and 8beta-hydroxyparthenolide (14) were found to be the main cytotoxic agents (IC(50) values of 2-6 microgram/mL against SK-MEL, BT-549 and SK-OV-3), while lactones 4, 5, 11 and 15 selectively inhibited the growth of human malignant melanoma (IC(50) value of 3.6-7.3 microgram/mL). Cell aggregation and cell adhesion assays, using HL-60 and HeLa cell lines, evaluated the effect of cytotoxic constituents 1-3, 10 and 14 on immune response and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Natural Products Research, University of Mississippi, 38677, USA.
authors.forename: Ilias
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takamatsu
authors.forename: Jaber S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Mossa
authors.forename: Farouk S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: El-Feraly
authors.forename: Larry A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Alice M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019659:Asteraceae; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007783:Lactones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018547:Plant Stems; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007783:Lactones; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012717:Sesquiterpenes