title: [Dose-response effect of a dentifrice formulation with low fluoride concentration - an in vitro study].
abstract: The utilization of dentifrices with low fluorine concentration, for children under 6 years of age, has been suggested to reduce the risks of dental fluorosis. However, in order to have anticariogenic potential, the dentifrice should form loosely-bound fluorine (CaF2) on dental enamel. Considering that the formation of CaF2 is a function inversely related to pH, dentifrices with pH 5.5, with 275, 550 and 1,100 ppm F (NaF/silica) were developed in order to assess dose-response effects. A comparison between those dentifrices, a placebo product and the Crest toothpaste (positive control - standard) was carried out. Furthermore, the bioavailability of dentifrices, in terms of formation of total fluorine (TF), CaF2, and fluorapatite (FA) on human dental enamel, was evaluated. An ion-specific electrode was utilized for the determination of the dosage of fluorine. The results revealed that the dentifrice with 550 ppm F was more effective than both the placebo and the dentifrice with 275 ppm, presenting no difference in relation to the positive control (p > 0.05). A dose-effect correlation was observed as to the CaF2 formed. In conclusion, the modified formulation with 550 ppm F can be considered as effective as the standard dentifrice with 1,100 ppm, and its utilization would be safer with regard to dental fluorosis.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, Brasil.
authors.forename: Helena Maria Decico
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Negri
authors.forename: Jaime Aparecido
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cury
mesh_terms: D001031:Apatites / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005459:Fluorides / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D005461:Fluorine / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008964:Molar, Third; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D014100:Toothpastes; D005461:Fluorine; C025105:fluorapatite; D005459:Fluorides