title: Cytokines and other soluble factors in dialysate -- indicators of altered peritoneal function?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The bioincompatibility of dialysis solutions and recurrent episodes of peritonitis may alter peritoneal function. Cytokines and growth factors may play a role in inflammatory and fibrotic processes. We therefore investigated whether there is a correlation between peritoneal function and excretion of cytokines and other soluble factors in dialysate.
  
  
  METHODS
  A personal dialysis capacity test was performed in 40 stable peritoneal dialysis patients. Tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 (IL-6), hyaluronan, soluble intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 and transforming growth factor-beta1 were analysed from overnight and 24-h dialysates during the test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found little evidence for a direct correlation between cytokines and other soluble factors in dialysate and dialysis adequacy. There was, however, a strong correlation between the measured soluble factors and characteristics of the peritoneal membrane. Furthermore, IL-6 correlated with the number of previous episodes of peritonitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Soluble factors in dialysate may indicate ongoing inflammatory processes in the peritoneal membrane, which may gradually lead to alterations in peritoneal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Terhi Anneli
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Martikainen
authors.forename: Agneta Vivianne
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Ekstrand
authors.forename: Anna-Maija
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Teppo
authors.forename: Eero Olavi
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Honkanen
authors.forename: Carola
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grönhagen-Riska
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D015314:Dialysis Solutions / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000502:physiology*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000503:physiopathology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D015850:Interleukin-6; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid