title: Type 1 diabetes islet autoantibody markers.
abstract: The diagnosis of type 1 diabetes versus other forms of diabetes such as type 2 diabetes is paramount to guiding proper therapy. Several islet autoantibodies have been identified that serve to diagnose immune-mediated, type 1a diabetes in clinically ambiguous cases. These autoantibodies also serve to predict type 1 diabetes in nondiabetic individuals. The most useful islet autoantibodies include islet cell cytoplasmic autoantibodies, insulin autoantibodies, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies, and insulinoma-associated-2 autoantibodies. Once type 1 diabetes can be safely and reliably prevented, large-scale islet autoantibody screening programs of the general pediatric population may be warranted. It is controversial whether islet autoantibodies influence the course of type 1 diabetes following diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Laboratory Medicine & Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610-0275, USA. winter@pathology.ufl.edu
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Desmond
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schatz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology*; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000276:immunology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; C096322:ICA512 autoantibody; D007328:Insulin; C024211:islet cell antibody; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase