title: Defect-determined regenerative options for treating periodontal intrabony defects in baboons.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In an effort to regenerate periodontal intrabony defects, the healing potential of the defect should determine what therapeutic modalities and materials are employed. The purpose of this study was to compare regenerative outcomes in baboon intrabony defects that were contained versus non-contained, using various regenerative therapies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine adult baboons (Papio anubis) in good health were treated. Eighty-six interproximal, intrabony defects were surgically created: 43 contained by 3 walls of bone; 43 non-contained with a missing buccal wall. Chronicity and plaque accumulation were encouraged with wire ligature placement for 8 weeks. After ligature removal, scaling, and a 2- to 4-week healing period, the defects were treated with the following therapies: collagen membrane (GTR), human demineralized freeze-dried bone (DFDB) grafting (BG), combined therapy (GTR + BG) and a DFDB-glycoprotein sponge matrix (MAT). Clinical healing responses were evaluated in 58 sites by changes in soft tissue (recession, probing, clinical attachment) and hard tissue (resorption, defect fill) parameters 6 months post-treatment. Histologic evaluation (defect regeneration, connective tissue attachment, epithelial migration) was done on 26 sites.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For contained defects, no real significant clinical (ANOVA) or histologic differences existed among treatments. However, for non-contained defects, combined therapy (GTR + BG) demonstrated clinically significant (P < or = 0.05, ANOVA) and histologically superior healing results over the other therapies tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm a defect morphology directed rationale for periodontal intrabony therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Neil M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Blumenthal
authors.forename: Mario E A F
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Salah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Huwais
authors.forename: Ann Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hofbauer
authors.forename: Rebecca D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Koperski
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003094:Collagen; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000150:complications; D012534:Dental Scaling; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004846:Epithelial Attachment / Q000473:pathology; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D010215:Papio; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery; D014021:Tissue Preservation; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D003094:Collagen