title: The horizontal and vertical attributes of individualism and collectivism in a Spanish population.
abstract: The authors examined the dimensionality and factorial structure of individualism and collectivism in Spanish participants (N = 526). A series of confirmatory factor analyses were performed on responses to the 32-item individualism-collectivism measure reported by T. M. Singelis, H. C. Triandis, D. S. Bhawuk, and M. Gelfand (1995). Consistent with earlier data, the best fitting model was multidimensional: a vertical versus a horizontal attribute crossed with individualism and collectivism dimensions. Whereas the overall fit of the data to a LISREL model was moderate, additional self-report data on respondents' interpersonal experiences supported the construct validity of the 4 factors. The authors suggest that the additional complexity is useful in explaining Spanish social behavior.
authors.affiliation: Federal University of Paraiba, Brazil. vgouveia@cchla.ufpb.br
authors.forename: Valdiney V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Gouveia
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Espinosa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D012924:Social Conditions; D013030:Spain