title: Local release of eosinophil peroxidase following segmental allergen provocation in asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Eosinophil peroxidase (EPO) is an eosinophilic basic protein, which leads to increased permeability and damage of bronchial epithelial cells in asthma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  As little is known about its local expression and release in humans the intracellular expression in lung and peripheral eosinophils and the concentrations of EPO in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and serum was investigated in patients with asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve mild atopic asthmatic and nine control subjects underwent segmental sham and allergen challenge. EPO concentrations in BAL fluid and serum were determined by immunoassay and flow cytometry was used to determine the intracellular expression of EPO in BAL-derived and peripheral eosinophils.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In asthmatic patients a large increase in BAL eosinophils--total cells: median 9.5 x 10(6) (range: 0.5 to 455.0 x 10(6)); relative: 38% (1 to 91%)--was detectable 24 h following allergen challenge, but peripheral blood eosinophil counts did not change. Concentrations of EPO in BAL fluid increased from 1 microg/L (1.0 to 6.8 microg/L) to 42 microg/L (5.6 to 379.6 microg/L; P < 0.01) after allergen but not after saline challenge (1.5 microg/L; 1.0 to 21.9 microg/L), whereas in control subjects all measurements were below the detection limit. Serum concentrations of EPO increased slightly from 18.3 microg/L (3.0 to 56.8 microg/L) to 27 microg/L (3.8 to 133.9 microg/L; P < 0.05) 24 h after allergen challenge in asthmatic patients. Furthermore, the intracellular expression of EPO (measured as mean fluorescence intensity) was decreased in BAL eosinophils compared with blood eosinophils (mean fluorescence intensity 29 (7 to 71) vs. 48 (20 to 85); P < 0.01) after allergen challenge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding of increased EPO concentrations in the BAL fluid and decreased intracellular EPO expression in pulmonary eosinophils of asthmatic patients reflects the allergen-triggered release of EPO into the bronchial space.
authors.affiliation: Fraunhofer Institute of Toxicology and Aerosol Research, Nikolai-Fuchs-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany. Erpenbeck@ita.fraunhofer.de
authors.forename: V J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Erpenbeck
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hohlfeld
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petschallies
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eklund
authors.forename: C G B
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fabel
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krug
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests / Q000379:methods; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D047209:Eosinophil Peroxidase; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012882:Skin Tests; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D047209:Eosinophil Peroxidase; D010544:Peroxidases