title: Effects of ectopically expressed neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein domains on Rickettsia rickettsii actin-based motility.
abstract: Neuronal Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) and the actin-related protein 2/3 (Arp2/3) complex have emerged as critical host proteins that regulate pathogen actin-based motility. Actin tail formation and motility in Listeria monocytogenes require the Arp2/3 complex but bypasses N-WASP signaling. Motility of Shigella flexneri and vaccinia virus requires both N-WASP and the Arp2/3 complex. Functional roles for these cytoskeletal regulatory proteins in actin-based motility of Rickettsia rickettsii have not been established. In this study, functional domains of N-WASP tagged with green fluorescent protein that have characterized effects on Shigella and vaccinia virus actin-based motility were ectopically expressed in HeLa cells infected with R. rickettsii to assess their effects on rickettsial motility. S. flexneri-infected cells were used as a control. Expressed N-WASP domains did not localize to R. rickettsii or their actin tails. Expression of N-WASP missing the VCA domain (for "verprolin homology, cofilin homology, and acidic domains"), which acts as a dominant-negative form of N-WASP, completely inhibited actin-based motility of S. flexneri while only moderately inhibiting motility of R. rickettsii. Similarly, expression of the VCA domain, which acts as a dominant-negative with respect to Arp2/3 complex function, severely inhibited actin-based motility of S. flexneri (no motility observed in the majority of expressing cells) but only moderately inhibited R. rickettsii motility. These results, taken together with the differential effects on motility observed upon expression of other N-WASP domains, suggest that actin-based motility of R. rickettsii is independent of N-WASP and the Arp2/3 complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming 82071-3944, USA.
authors.forename: Ronald S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Harlander
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Way
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Dale
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Howe
authors.forename: Scott S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Grieshaber
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Heinzen
mesh_terms: D051377:Actin-Related Protein 2; D051378:Actin-Related Protein 3; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D009068:Movement; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D012284:Rickettsia rickettsii / Q000502:physiology*; D012763:Shigella flexneri / Q000502:physiology; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D051317:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein, Neuronal
chemical_list: C495926:ACTR2 protein, human; C495928:ACTR3 protein, human; D051377:Actin-Related Protein 2; D051378:Actin-Related Protein 3; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C495771:WASL protein, human; D051317:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein, Neuronal