Phytocalpains: orthologous calcium-dependent cysteine proteinases.
A single calcium-dependent cysteine protease (calpain) gene, essential for aleurone cell development, has been identified recently in maize, although this activity had been described previously in Arabidopsis and maize roots associated with anoxia-induced root-tip death. Calpain genes are ubiquitous in animals and there are up to 12 paralogous genes in humans that exhibit molecular diversity outside of their catalytic domain. Calpain orthologous genes have been identified in 11 plant species. Like their animal counterparts, phytocalpains have significant homology within the catalytic domain, but lack the conserved calcium-binding domain IV, and some members have an N-terminal transmembrane receptor-like domain.
Margis
Rogério
R
Laboratório de Genética Molecular Vegetal, Departamento de Genética, UFRJ, 21944-970 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. margisr@ufrj.br
Margis-Pinheiro
Márcia
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D011487:Protein Conformation
D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D002118:Calcium