title: Addressing generalization and maintenance of stuttering treatment in the schools: a critical look.
abstract: Generalization and maintenance are a widely recognized challenge for stuttering treatment. There are many reasons why this is the case. First, there is no accepted model of recovery, though self-efficacy may be a helpful construct and, secondly, the client's age, stuttering severity, and negative attitudes may be complicating factors. Three strategies for promoting generalization and maintenance in school settings are suggested based on current research evidence. They include probing and training for generalization, incorporating real-life elements into therapy, and training clients to self-regulate their behavior. These strategies appear to be viable and practical, but further research is needed to fully evaluate their effectiveness for school settings.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Readers will learn about (1) typical approaches to managing stuttering in the school setting, (2) barriers to generalization and maintenance of stuttering treatment gains, and (3) three strategies for promoting generalization and maintenance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Speech & Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, P.O. Box 210071, Tucson, AZ 85721-0071, USA. pfinn@email.arizona.edu
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Finn
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005793:Generalization, Psychological; D006801:Humans; D012572:School Health Services; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D013070:Speech Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D013342:Stuttering / Q000628:therapy*