title: Short-term aerobic training and circulatory function in women: age and hormone-replacement therapy.
abstract: The physiological basis of training responses in women, and particularly older women, is not well understood. Short-term aerobic training (STAT) was used to probe the effects of age and hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) on women's ability to rapidly change peak uptake ( VO(2max)), plasma volume and cardiac function. A total of 39 females participated in the STAT programme: 15 younger (Y; aged 19-29 years), 12 postmenopausal women undergoing HRT and 12 non-medicating postmenopausal (PM) women (aged 60-75 years). Training consisted of ten sessions of cycling over a 2-week period, which progressed in duration from 20 to 60 min and in intensity from 60-75% of maximum heart rate. Plasma volume (PV; as determined by Evan's Blue dye dilution), VO(2max) (cycle ergometry) and cardiac function (radionuclide ventriculography) were analysed using analysis of covariance or repeated measures ANOVA. All groups demonstrated similar increase in VO(2max) (Y, 13%; PM, 17%; HRT, 13%), but without a significant change in left-ventricular ejection fraction and diastolic function or volumes during supine exercise. PV expansion was observed among the Y group (7%; P <0.05) but not the PM group (2%; P >0.05) or women undergoing HRT (1%; P >0.05). Age and hormone-replacement status did not affect the magnitude of VO(2max) change. This study suggests that STAT improves VO(2max), independent of central adaptations.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Department of Rehabilitation Science, University of Toronto, 256 McCaul Street, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1W5.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katyal
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: Judith A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Scott G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010953:Plasma Volume / Q000502:physiology; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology