title: Ethanol- and Fe(+2)-induced membrane lipid oxidation is not additive in developing chick brains.
abstract: In order to study the effects of exogenous EtOH and/or Fe(+2) on membrane lipid peroxidation, exogenous EtOH, FeCl(2), FeCl(2) & EtOH, NaCl and NaCl & EtOH were injected into fertile chicken eggs. Controls were either shams or injected with saline. These injections were made at 0 days or 0-2 days of development and tissue removed at stage 37 (11 days of development). Embryonic exposure to exogenous EtOH and/or Fe(+2) promoted decreased brain mass, decreased levels of brain membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids, elevated levels of brain lipid hydroperoxides, and elevated levels of Fe(+2) within embryonic brain and liver. These alterations were more severe in triple-injected embryos (E0-2/E11) as compared to single-injected embryos (E0/E11). While exogenous treatments of either EtOH and/or FeCl(2) promoted increased levels of endogenous brain Fe(+2), the effects were not additive. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that embryonic exposure to exogenous EtOH and/or Fe(+2) promotes brain membrane lipid peroxidation.
authors.affiliation: Biology Department, Hillsdale College, 33 E College, Hillsdale, MI 49242-1205, USA. bob.miller@hillsdale.edu
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Coughlin
authors.forename: Elisabeth Sabrina
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Fraser-Thomson
authors.forename: Elizabeth C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Noe
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palenick
authors.forename: Emily B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Voorhees
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D000431:Ethanol