title: Pharmacogenomics of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors in renal disease--pathophysiological considerations.
abstract: Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors preserve native kidney function in patients with renal disease better than other antihypertensive drugs, most likely because they more effectively reduce proteinuria. The plasma concentration of the ACE inhibitors target is, at least in part, under genetic control. A polymorphism of the ACE gene based on the presence or absence of a 287 base pair element in intron 16 accounts for 47% of the total phenotypic variance in the plasma ACE levels of healthy individuals. Unfortunately, pharmacogenetic studies performed so far do not provide a clear answer as to whether the efficacy of the reduction of proteinuria by ACE inhibitors is influenced by the ACE genotype - probably because these studies were not primarily designed to answer this question. This paper will try to outline some aspects that should be considered before an appropriate study on this topic is initiated.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Leopold Franzens Universität Innsbruck, Anichstrasse 35, A 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rudnicki
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mayer
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D010641:Phenotype; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D012083:Renin