title: Expression of Runx1, -2 and -3 during tooth, palate and craniofacial bone development.
abstract: We describe the expression of three Runt-related RUNX genes (previously termed AML, Cbfa, or Pebp2alpha) Runx1 and Runx3 during the development of teeth and other craniofacial tissues and compare them to Runx2 expression reported earlier. All three genes were expressed in mesenchymal condensates. Runx1 was expressed in several cartilage primordia earlier than Runx3, and Runx2 was intense in all mesenchymal condensations of bones and teeth. Only Runx1 was expressed in epithelia, and in tooth germs transcripts were detected in outer dental epithelium. Runx1 was also intensely expressed in the midline epithelium of palatal shelves. In early tooth morphogenesis Runx3 was coexpressed with Runx2 in a thin layer of mesenchymal cells underlying dental epithelium. Unlike Runx2, Runx3 was expressed in odontoblasts. However, Runx3 mutant mice did not show obvious tooth phenotype or deviations of Runx1 and Runx2 expression patterns in the tooth.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, 00014, Helsinki, Finland. yamat@md.okayama-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashiro
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aberg
authors.forename: Ditsa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levanon
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Groner
authors.forename: Irma
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Thesleff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D050677:Core Binding Factor Alpha 3 Subunit; D050657:Core Binding Factor alpha Subunits; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051379:Mice; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D012886:Skull / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014070:Tooth / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D050676:Core Binding Factor Alpha 2 Subunit; D050677:Core Binding Factor Alpha 3 Subunit; D050657:Core Binding Factor alpha Subunits; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C493726:Runx1 protein, mouse; C493730:Runx3 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors