title: Scaphoid fractures in children: problems and treatment.
abstract: From 1984 to 1999, the authors treated 64 cases of fracture of the scaphoid in children. Causes of injury were sports (n = 27), punching game machines or fighting (n = 22), and traffic accident or other trauma (n = 15). Most (46 cases) were nonunion cases. Eighteen cases were acute. Cast immobilization was performed in 10 acute cases and two nonunion cases. Screw fixation was performed in 52 cases, including 35 cases of bone graft. In 10 of these operated cases, freehand screw insertion was used. Ultimately, good bony fusion was achieved in all cases, but in two nonunion cases a secondary bone graft was necessary. Functional results in all cases were acceptable. A major problem is that children are not brought to clinics immediately after injury, so the percentage of nonunion is high.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Aomori, Japan. toh@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasumura
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsubo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001863:Bone Screws; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D011859:Radiography; D021361:Scaphoid Bone / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome