[The role played by parents in the development and learning of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder].
BACKGROUND
The parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) undergo high levels of stress, frequent quarrels amongst themselves and limitations in their social life, which are factors that exert an influence on the progress of the disorder and constitute a high priority therapeutic goal.


OBJECTIVE
1. To analyse the impact ADHD has on family life: economy, the relations between parents and children and between brothers and sisters, social life, and the feelings and attitudes parents have towards their child. 2. To study possible changes in the use of behavioural modification techniques and in the attributions/expectations of the parents following a programme of counselling.


METHODS
In order to accomplish the first objective, 36 couples filled in a questionnaire about family impact, and percentage analyses were carried out. To achieve the second aim, 28 couples, who received counselling in small groups, filled in questionnaires before and after the programme, and comparative analyses were performed using the Wilcoxon interval test.


RESULTS
89% of parents suffer from stress, 64% feel uncomfortable about their child's behaviour, for 68% of them the psychoeducational cost of the child is higher, 50% have quarrels with their partner and 44% report that it makes it more difficult for their brothers and sisters to take part in activities. Significant changes have also been observed in the knowledge parents have about the nature of the disorder and the attributions/expectations they have about their child, together with improvements in the application of behavioural modification techniques.


CONCLUSIONS
ADHD exerts a negative effect on the family system; parent counselling has proved to be effective in understanding the pathology and bringing about positive changes in expectations/attributions.
Roselló
B
B
Hospital Infantil La Fe, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia, España.
García-Castellar
R
R
Tárraga-Mínguez
R
R
Mulas
F
F
D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires