title: Treatment of attention-deficit disorder, cerebral palsy, and mental retardation in epilepsy.
abstract: Epilepsy in childhood is often associated with other neurologic disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, cerebral palsy, and mental retardation. A single pathologic process may explain both epilepsy and these associated disorders. However, in some cases, distinct etiologies may be present. Recognition of these problems is essential, as is individualized treatment. Proper classroom placement; behavior modification, speech, occupational, and physical therapies; pharmacological agents; and even surgical procedures have a role in the management of these comorbid disorders. Diagnostic criteria and therapeutic modalities used in these syndromes will be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, New York University Comprehensive Epilepsy Center, New York University School of Medicine, 403 East 34th Street, EPC 4th Floor, 10016-4998, New York, NY, USA
authors.forename: Josiane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: LaJoie
authors.forename: Daniel K.
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Miles