title: Whole-body fat oxidation rate and plasma triacylglycerol concentrations in men consuming an ad libitum high-carbohydrate or low-carbohydrate diet.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-carbohydrate diets may increase plasma triacylglycerol concentrations either by increasing production of triacylglycerols or by reducing their clearance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We assessed whether the changes in plasma triacylglycerol concentrations induced by dietary interventions were associated with the changes in whole-body fat oxidation rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a parallel study, 37 healthy male subjects [body mass index (in kg/m(2)): 28 +/- 5, age: 34 +/- 11 y (x +/- SD)] consumed an ad libitum high-carbohydrate (60% of energy; n = 19) or low-carbohydrate (46% of energy), high-fat (41% of energy, 23% as monounsaturated fatty acids; n = 18) diet for 7 wk. The following variables were measured before and after the dietary interventions: 1) plasma triacylglycerols before and 2, 4, 6, and 8 h after a meal (containing 40% of daily energy needs and 41% fat); 2) indirect calorimetry throughout the 8-h test; and 3) postheparin plasma lipoprotein lipase (phLPL) activity at time 8 h of the test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diets induced changes in 1) body weight: -2.5 +/- 2.8 kg (P < 0.01) and -1.7 +/- 3.1 kg (P < 0.05) and 2) fasting plasma triacylglycerols: 0.0 +/- 0.4 mmol/L (NS) and -0.3 +/- 0.3 mmol/L (P < 0.05) for the high-carbohydrate and the low-carbohydrate diets, respectively. In normoinsulinemic subjects (fasting insulin < 100 pmol/L), dietary changes in postprandial triacylglycerols were significantly predicted by changes in phLPL, body weight, respiratory quotient (or fat oxidation), and the type of diet (stepwise multiple linear regression).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postprandial plasma triacylglycerol concentrations may depend at least partly on fat oxidation, body weight, and LPL activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Landry
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bergeron
authors.forename: Roodly
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Samson
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corneau
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bergeron
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dériaz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002153:Calorimetry, Indirect; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005215:Fasting / Q000378:metabolism; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D014280:Triglycerides; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase