title: Biosynthesis of calystegines: 15N NMR and kinetics of formation in root cultures of Calystegia sepium.
abstract: Calystegines are nortropane alkaloids bearing between three and five hydroxyl groups in various positions. [15N]Tropinone was administered to root cultures of Calystegia sepium and the incorporation into calystegines was followed. Increase of label in calystegines was measured by one-dimensional 15N NMR and inverse-detected 2D NMR techniques. The results show that tropinone and pseudotropine are metabolites in the biosynthetic pathway of calystegines. The velocity of calystegine accumulation was followed kinetically by transfer of root cultures from 15N-enriched medium to 14N-medium and analysis by GC-MS. A constant calystegine formation with no interference by excretion or degradation was observed. A biosynthetic rate for individual calystegines at each time point was calculated, the maximum was 0.4 mg/day/g of biomass. This allowed the velocity of individual biosynthetic steps to be estimated.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmazeutische Biologie, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Hoher Weg 8, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Scholl
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dräger
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D031253:Calystegia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007700:Kinetics; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / Q000379:methods; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D014326:Tropanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D003470:Culture Media; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D014326:Tropanes; C055033:calystegin; C016808:3-tropinone