title: Cyclosporin A-induced gingival overgrowth in renal transplant patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The incidence of gingival overgrowth (GO) associated with the use of cyclosporin A (CsA) is controversial. In the present study, we determined the incidence of GO in Brazilian renal transplant patients treated with CsA and the possible associations between periodontal and pharmacological variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  The test group consisted of 20 renal transplant patients, and the control group included 20 non-transplant patients. Periodontal conditions were evaluated based on the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), and the rate of gingival overgrowth, together with pharmacological variables (daily CsA dose and duration of treatment).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant difference in PI (P < 0.0001) and PD (P < 0.0001) was observed between groups, while GI (P = 0.15) did not differ significantly. Using the Pearson correlation coefficient, a significant correlation was observed not only between GI (P < 0.001; r = 0.8141) and GO, but also for PD (P < 0.001; r = 0.866) and GO. The other correlations were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that GO induced by CsA may vary according to the individual sensitivity of each patient and may or may not be correlated with other local factors (periodontal variables).
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnosis and Oral Surgery, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Mônica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afonso
authors.forename: Vilber de Oliveira
authors.initials: Vde O
authors.lastname: Bello
authors.forename: Jamil Awad
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shibli
authors.forename: Maria Regina
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sposto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D019214:Gingival Overgrowth / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification; D010781:Photography; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine