title: Radiation dosimetry results and safety correlations from 90Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan radioimmunotherapy for relapsed or refractory non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: combined data from 4 clinical trials.
abstract: Ibritumomab tiuxetan is an anti-CD20 murine IgG1 kappa monoclonal antibody (ibritumomab) conjugated to the linker-chelator tiuxetan, which securely chelates (111)In for imaging or dosimetry and (90)Y for radioimmunotherapy (RIT). Dosimetry and pharmacokinetic data from 4 clinical trials of (90)Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan RIT for relapsed or refractory B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) were combined and assessed for correlations with toxicity data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 179 patients were available for analysis. Common eligibility criteria included <25% bone marrow involvement by NHL, no prior myeloablative therapy, and no prior RIT. The baseline platelet count was required to be > or = 100,000 cells/mm(3) for the reduced (90)Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan administered dose (7.4-11 MBq/kg [0.2-0.3 mCi/kg]) or > or = 150,000 cells/mm(3) for the standard (90)Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan administered dose (15 MBq/kg [0.4 mCi/kg]). Patients were given a tracer administered dose of 185 MBq (5 mCi) (111)In-ibritumomab tiuxetan on day 0, evaluated with dosimetry, and then a therapeutic administered dose of 7.4-15 MBq/kg (0.2-0.4 mCi/kg) (90)Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan on day 7. Both ibritumomab tiuxetan administered doses were preceded by an infusion of 250 mg/m(2) rituximab to clear peripheral B-cells and improve ibritumomab tiuxetan biodistribution. Residence times for (90)Y in blood and major organs were estimated from (111)In biodistribution, and the MIRDOSE3 computer software program was used, with modifications to account for patient-specific organ masses, to calculate radiation absorbed doses to organs and red marrow.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median radiation absorbed doses for (90)Y were 7.42 Gy to spleen, 4.50 Gy to liver, 2.11 Gy to lung, 0.23 Gy to kidney, 0.62 Gy (blood-derived method) and 0.97 Gy (sacral image-derived method) to red marrow, and 0.57 Gy to total body. The median effective blood half-life was 27 h, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 25 h. No patient failed to meet protocol-defined dosimetry safety criteria and all patients were eligible for treatment. Observed toxicity was primarily hematologic, transient, and reversible. Hematologic toxicity did not correlate with estimates of red marrow radiation absorbed dose, total-body radiation absorbed dose, blood effective half-life, or blood AUC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Relapsed or refractory NHL in patients with adequate bone marrow reserve and <25% bone marrow involvement by NHL can be treated safely with (90)Y-ibritumomab tiuxetan RIT on the basis of a fixed, weight-adjusted dosing schedule. Dosimetry and pharmacokinetic results do not correlate with toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. gwiseman@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Wiseman
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kornmehl
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leigh
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Erwin
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Podoloff
authors.forename: Stewart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spies
authors.forename: Richard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Sparks
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Stabin
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Witzig
authors.forename: Christine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D018951:Antigens, CD20 / Q000276:immunology; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000528:radiation effects; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D007668:Kidney / Q000528:radiation effects; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D016499:Radioimmunotherapy; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012008:Recurrence; D000069283:Rituximab; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D018951:Antigens, CD20; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D007205:Indium Radioisotopes; D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes; D000069283:Rituximab; C422802:ibritumomab tiuxetan