title: TGFbeta-induced factor: a candidate gene for high myopia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the coding exons of transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta-induced factor (TGIF) for mutations in Chinese patients with high myopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-one individuals with high myopia of -6.00 D or less and 105 control subjects were screened by DNA sequencing for sequence alterations. Univariate analysis and logistic regression were performed to identify single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their interactions in TGIF that may be associated with myopia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six SNPs showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between patient and control subject in univariate analysis. Four of them cause codon changes: G223R, G231S, P241T, and A262G. Among all the SNPs that entered multivariate analysis, only 657(T-->G) showed statistical significance in the logistic regression model (odds ratio 0.133; 95% confidence interval 0.037-0.488; P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TGIF is a probable candidate gene for high myopia. Further studies are needed to identify the underlying mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: Dennis Shun Chiu
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Wing Shan
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yuk Fai
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Pancy Oi Sin
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: Dorothy S P
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Bao Jian
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Chi Pui
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18 / Q000235:genetics; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D009216:Myopia / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C097504:TGIF1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta