title: Arf induces p53-dependent and -independent antiproliferative genes.
abstract: The tumor suppressor p19(Arf) (p14(ARF) in humans), encoded by the Ink4a/Arf locus, is mutated, deleted, or silenced in many forms of cancer. p19(Arf) induces growth arrest by antagonizing the activity of the p53-negative regulator, Mdm2, thereby inducing a p53 transcriptional response. p19(Arf) can also inhibit cell cycle progression of mouse embryo fibroblasts lacking Cip1 or lacking both Mdm2 and p53, although in the absence of p53, arrest occurs more slowly. Profiling with high-density oligonucleotide GeneChips and cDNA microarrays was used to interrogate mouse genes, the expression of which was induced or suppressed by a conditionally regulated Arf gene. Cluster analysis of temporal gene expression patterns and validation of the results by RNA analysis identified Arf-responsive genes whose induction was both p53-dependent and -independent. The latter included four members of the B-cell translocation gene family (Btg1, Btg2, Btg3, and Tob1) that were demonstrated to inhibit cell proliferation in primary mouse embryo fibroblasts expressing or lacking functional p53. Together, the results indicate that p19(Arf) induces a broad spectrum of proteins that likely act in concert to arrest cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA.
authors.forename: Mei-Ling
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Duncavage
authors.forename: Rose
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Willem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: den Besten
authors.forename: Deqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Deanna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Naeve
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sherr
authors.forename: Martine F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Roussel
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D012756:Sheep; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C417743:Cdkn2a protein, mouse; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C497207:Mdm2 protein, mouse; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2