title: Crystal structure of human riboflavin kinase reveals a beta barrel fold and a novel active site arch.
abstract: Riboflavin kinase (RFK) is an essential enzyme catalyzing the phosphorylation of riboflavin (vitamin B(2)) to form FMN, an obligatory step in vitamin B(2) utilization and flavin cofactor synthesis. The structure of human RFK revealed a six-stranded antiparallel beta barrel core structurally similar to the riboflavin synthase/ferredoxin reductase FAD binding domain fold. The binding site of an intrinsically bound MgADP defines a novel nucleotide binding motif that encompasses a loop, a 3(10) helix, and a reverse turn followed by a short beta strand. This active site loop forms an arch with ATP and riboflavin binding at the opposite side and the phosphoryl transfer appears to occur through the hole underneath the arch. The invariant residues Asn36 and Glu86 are implicated in the catalysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Subramanian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karthikeyan
authors.forename: Qingxian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Faika
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mseeh
authors.forename: Nick V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Grishin
authors.forename: Andrei L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Osterman
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D017510:Protein Folding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D005486:Flavin Mononucleotide; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C022532:riboflavin kinase