title: Dysfunctionality of a tobacco mosaic virus movement protein mutant mimicking threonine 104 phosphorylation.
abstract: Replication of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is connected with endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated membranes at early stages of infection. This study reports that TMV movement protein (MP)-specific protein kinases (PKs) associated with the ER of tobacco were capable of phosphorylating Thr(104) in TMV MP. The MP-specific PKs with apparent molecular masses of about 45-50 kDa and 38 kDa were revealed by gel PK assays. Two types of mutations were introduced in TMV MP gene of wild-type TMV U1 genome to substitute Thr(104) by neutral Ala or by negatively charged Asp. Mutation of Thr(104) to Ala did not affect the size of necrotic lesions induced by the mutant virus in Nicotiana tabacum Xanthi nc. plants. Conversely, mutation of Thr to Asp mimicking Thr(104) phosphorylation strongly inhibited cell-to-cell movement. The possible role of Thr(104) phosphorylation in TMV MP function is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory Moscow 119899, Russia.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Karger
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory Moscow 119899, Russia.
authors.forename: O Yu
authors.initials: OY
authors.lastname: Frolova
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory Moscow 119899, Russia.
authors.forename: N V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Fedorova
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory Moscow 119899, Russia.
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Baratova
authors.affiliation: M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institut of Bioorganic Chemistry, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Ovchinnikova
authors.affiliation: Joint Biotechnology Laboratory, Biocity, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Susi
authors.affiliation: University of Helsinki, Institute of Biotechnology, Biocenter, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Makinen
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Institute of Cancer Research, Biomedical Center, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ronnstrand
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory Moscow 119899, Russia.
authors.forename: Yu L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Dorokhov
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and A. N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Vorobiovy Gory Moscow 119899, Russia.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Atabekov
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D001692:Biological Transport; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000201:enzymology; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009154:Mutation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013912:Threonine / Q000378:metabolism*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000821:virology; D014027:Tobacco Mosaic Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053830:Plant Viral Movement Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D013912:Threonine; D011494:Protein Kinases