title: Characterization of a cellobiose phosphorylase from a hyperthermophilic eubacterium, Thermotoga maritima MSB8.
abstract: The cepA putative gene encoding a cellobiose phosphorylase of Thermotoga maritima MSB8 was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli BL21-codonplus-RIL and characterized in detail. The maximal enzyme activity was observed at pH 6.2 and 80 degrees C. The energy of activation was 74 kJ/mol. The enzyme was stable for 30 min at 70 degrees C in the pH range of 6-8. The enzyme phosphorolyzed cellobiose in an random-ordered bi bi mechanism with the random binding of cellobiose and phosphate followed by the ordered release of D-glucose and alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate. The Km for cellobiose and phosphate were 0.29 and 0.15 mM respectively, and the kcat was 5.4 s(-1). In the synthetic reaction, D-glucose, D-mannose, 2-deoxy-D-glucose, D-glucosamine, D-xylose, and 6-deoxy-D-glucose were found to act as glucosyl acceptors. Methyl-beta-D-glucoside also acted as a substrate for the enzyme and is reported here for the first time as a substrate for cellobiose phosphorylases. D-Xylose had the highest (40 s(-1)) kcat followed by 6-deoxy-D-glucose (17 s(-1)) and 2-deoxy-D-glucose (16 s(-1)). The natural substrate, D-glucose with the kcat of 8.0 s(-1) had the highest (1.1 x 10(4) M(-1) s(-1)) kcat/Km compared with other glucosyl acceptors. D-Glucose, a substrate of cellobiose phosphorylase, acted as a competitive inhibitor of the other substrate, alpha-D-glucose-1-phosphate, at higher concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Enzyme Laboratory, National Food Research Institute, 2-1-12 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8642, Japan.
authors.forename: Eranna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rajashekhara
authors.forename: Motomitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitaoka
authors.forename: Yeon-Kye
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D004795:Enzyme Stability; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D020124:Thermotoga maritima / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C034714:cellobiose phosphorylase; D005947:Glucose