title: Process monitoring of anaerobic azo dye degradation by high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detection continuously coupled to membrane filtration sampling modules.
abstract: Process integrated microfiltration and ultrafiltration based membrane sampling modules were compared by means of HPLC with diode array detection based monitoring of an anaerobic azodye biodegradation process. The sampling matrix consisted of anaerobic sludge from a municipal wastewater treatment plant. The hydrolysed azo dye Reactive Black 5 (RB5-H) and three products (ionic and nonionic) released from reductive cleavage under anaerobic conditions were continuously monitored by simultaneously separation by ion-pair chromatography. Microfiltration membrane-based sampling showed no retention for any compound observed. Sampling by ultrafiltration significantly retained the observed ionic compounds between 58 and 83% whereas a nonionic compound was not retained. On-line monitoring of an oxygen-sensitive compound was possible whereas off-line detection failed. Robust long time monitoring could be performed for up to 1 week without cleaning the membrane.
authors.affiliation: University of Applied Sciences Cologne, Faculty of Process Engineering, Energy and Mechanical Systems, Institute of Chemical Engineering and Plant Design, Betzdorfer Strasse 2, D-50679 Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plum
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rehorek
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents