title: [[123I]beta-CIT SPECT imaging of dopamine and serotonin transporters in Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Definition of the regional pattern of dopamine transporter (DAT) dysfunction in advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) and evaluation of a potential correlation between DAT binding and symptoms; elucidation of the role of DAT imaging in the differential diagnosis of PD and multiple system atrophy (MSA); assessment and comparison of serotonin transporter (SERT) binding in PD and MSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  [(123)I]beta-CIT SPECT was performed in 14 patients with advanced PD, 10 with moderate MSA and 20 healthy persons. Specific to nonspecific tracer binding ratios (V(3)") were calculated via ROI analysis of uptake images at 4 h (SERT binding) and 24 h (DAT binding) p. i.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In PD bilateral reduction of striatal DAT binding (63-70%) was seen. The caudate ipsilateral to the clinically predominantly affected side showed relatively the least impairment. Significant correlations (r = -0.54 to -0.64) between DAT binding and Hoehn and Yahr stage, UPDRS-scores and duration of disease were found. In MSA DAT binding was less reduced (40-48%) targeting the putamen contralateral to the side of clinical predominance. Significantly lower SERT binding was observed in PD midbrain and MSA hypothalamus compared to controls -- and in MSA relative to PD mesial frontal cortex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In advanced PD striatal DAT binding is markedly reduced with the least reduction in caudate ipsilateral to the clinically predominantly affected side. In moderate MSA with asymmetrical symptoms DAT dysfunction is predominant in the contralateral putamen, a pattern seen in early PD. The reduction of SERT in the midbrain area of PD patients suggests additional tegmental degeneration while in MSA the serotonergic system seems to be more generally affected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, University School of Medicine, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany. berding.georg@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berding
authors.forename: Th
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brücke
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Odin
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kolbe
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gielow
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harke
authors.forename: B O
authors.initials: BO
authors.lastname: Knoop
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dengler
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Knapp
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019578:Multiple System Atrophy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C493214:SLC6A3 protein, human; C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; C069723:2beta-carbomethoxy-3beta-(4-iodophenyl)tropane; D003042:Cocaine