title: Optical whole-cell biosensor using Chlorella vulgaris designed for monitoring herbicides.
abstract: An optical biosensor was designed for determination of herbicides as aquatic contaminants. Detection was obtained with immobilised Chlorella vulgaris microalgae entrapped on a quartz microfibre filter and placed in a five-membrane-home-made-flow cell. The algal chlorophyll fluorescence modified by the presence of herbicides was collected at the tip of an optical fibre bundle and sent to a fluorimeter. A continuous culture was set up to produce algal cells in reproducible conditions for measurement optimisation. Effects of flow rate, algal density, temperature, and pH on the biosensor response to atrazine were studied. Reversibility and detection limits were determined for DNOC and atrazine, simazine, isoproturon, diuron. Detection of photosystem II (PSII) herbicides was achieved at sub-ppb concentration level.
authors.affiliation: Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines, SPIN/PC2M/Enzyme engineering, 158, Cours Fauriel, 42023 Saint-Etienne cedex 2, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Védrine
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Leclerc
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Durrieu
authors.forename: Canh
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tran-Minh
mesh_terms: D001280:Atrazine / Q000032:analysis; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018914:Cells, Immobilized; D002708:Chlorella / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D001280:Atrazine