title: Effect of restraint and footshock stress and norepinephrine treatment on gastric emptying in rats.
abstract: We investigated the effects of restraint and footshock stress and norepinephrine treatment on gastric emptying. The gastric emptying was significantly inhibited by restraint stress. beta(3)-adrenergic antagonist canceled the inhibition of gastric emptying caused by restraint stress, while beta(1)-, beta(2)-, alpha(1)-, and alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonists did not affect the inhibition. Norepinephrine treatment also inhibited gastric emptying. The inhibition by norepinephrine treatment was canceled by beta(1)-, beta(2)-, and beta(3)-adrenergic antagonists, but not by alpha(1)- and alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonists. On the other hand, footshock stress did not affect gastric emptying. These results suggest that beta(3)-adrenoceptors play an important role in the inhibition of gastric emptying caused by restraint stress, while nonspecific beta-adrenoceptors are involved in that caused by norepinephrine treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiopharmacy, Tohoku Pharmaceutical University, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Fumitake
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagura
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Yasuhito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012149:Restraint, Physical / Q000662:veterinary; D013270:Stomach / Q000187:drug effects; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D009638:Norepinephrine