title: Purine and deazapurine nucleosides: synthetic approaches, molecular modelling and biological activity.
abstract: A number of ligands for the adenosine binding sites has been obtained by using nucleoside convergent and divergent synthesis. Most of our nucleosides have been synthesized by coupling 2,6-dichloropurine (1), 2,6-dichloro-1-deazapurine (2), 2,6-dichloro-3-deazapurine (3) with ribose, 2- and 3-deoxyribose and 2,3-dideoxyribose derivatives. The use of these versatile synthons allowed the introduction of various substituents in 2- and/or 6-positions. The glycosylation site and the anomeric configuration of the obtained nucleosides were assigned on the basis of spectroscopic studies and confirmed by molecular models. A series of potent adenosine receptor ligands has been obtained by using divergent approaches, mostly starting from guanosine. Substitutions in 2, 6, 8, and 5' position of adenosine molecule led to ligands selective for the different adenosine receptor subtypes. Furthermore, we investigated the molecular bases of the different behavior of 2- and 8-alkynyl adenosines, by means of NMR experiments and molecular modeling studies. With docking experiments, we demonstrated that the two class of molecules should have different binding modes that explain their different degree of affinity and the shift of their activity from agonistic (2-substituted derivatives) to antagonistic (8-substituted derivatives).
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Camerino, via S Agostino 1, 62032 Camerino, MC, Italy. gloria.cristalli@unicam.it
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cristalli
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Costanzi
authors.forename: Catia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lambertucci
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taffi
authors.forename: Sauro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vittori
authors.forename: Rosaria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Volpini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000502:physiology; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011684:Purine Nucleosides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014372:Tubercidin / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011684:Purine Nucleosides; D014372:Tubercidin