title: An information theoretic approach for analyzing temporal patterns of gene expression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Arrays allow measurements of the expression levels of thousands of mRNAs to be made simultaneously. The resulting data sets are information rich but require extensive mining to enhance their usefulness. Information theoretic methods are capable of assessing similarities and dissimilarities between data distributions and may be suited to the analysis of gene expression experiments. The purpose of this study was to investigate information theoretic data mining approaches to discover temporal patterns of gene expression from array-derived gene expression data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Kullback-Leibler divergence, an information-theoretic distance that measures the relative dissimilarity between two data distribution profiles, was used in conjunction with an unsupervised self-organizing map algorithm. Two published, array-derived gene expression data sets were analyzed. The patterns obtained with the KL clustering method were found to be superior to those obtained with the hierarchical clustering algorithm using the Pearson correlation distance measure. The biological significance of the results was also examined.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Software code is available by request from the authors. All programs were written in ANSI C and Matlab (Mathworks Inc., Natick, MA).
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. jkasturi@cse.psu.edu
authors.forename: Jyotsna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kasturi
authors.forename: Raj
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Acharya
authors.forename: Murali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramanathan
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000379:methods*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D012984:Software; D013997:Time Factors; D015003:Yeasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics