Elucidation of signal transduction pathways by retroviral infection of cells with modified oncogenes.
This chapter will focus on understanding how various wild type (WT), dominant negative (DN), constitutively active (CA), and conditionally active (COND) oncogenes, as well as antisense (AS) genes contained in retroviral vectors may be used to elucidate signal transduction pathways. We will describe methods to introduce these genes into cells and subsequent analysis of inheritance, expression, and biological effects of the genes introduced. Furthermore, we will discuss various strong points about each of these different types of constructs, how they can be used to elucidate signal transduction, apoptotic, and drug resistance pathways as well as various pitfalls commonly encountered with their usage.
Steelman
Linda S
LS
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
Blalock
William L
WL
Wang
Xiao-Yang
XY
Moye
Phillip W
PW
Lee
John T
JT
Shelton
John G
JG
Navolanic
Patrick M
PM
Davis
Julianne M
JM
Knapp
Steven L
SL
Franklin
Richard A
RA
White
Martyn K
MK
McCubrey
James A
JA
D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D009857:Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods*