title: The value of anal endosonography compared with magnetic resonance imaging following the repair of anorectal malformations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgery for anorectal malformations (ARMs) attempts to position the neo-anus anatomically within the anal sphincter complex. Currently, MRI is the imaging modality of choice in determining the position of the neo-anus after reconstructive surgery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of anal endosonography (AES) with conventional MRI in demonstrating the anatomy of the neo-anus following repair of ARMs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen children (ten girls, four boys), born with ARMs (four low, ten high) underwent both AES and pelvic MRI following anorectoplasty. The results of both investigations were compared with muscle stimulation and were reported blindly by a clinician and a radiologist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AES findings were comparable with MRI in 9 of the 14 cases. In four cases, MRI and AES findings differed, with nerve stimulation supporting AES but not MRI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AES is an accurate alternative to MRI in the assessment of anorectoplasty. It provides more detailed information and can be performed under anaesthesia in combination with a surgical procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, The John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX39DU, UK. njones@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: Niall M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: M Smilgin
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Goodman
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Hugh W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Grant
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000002:abnormalities; D001004:Anus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004065:Digestive System Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012002:Rectal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D012007:Rectum / Q000002:abnormalities*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome