title: Deep venous thrombosis: diagnosis by using venous enhanced subtracted peak arterial MR venography versus conventional venography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess diagnostic accuracy and interobserver variability at venous enhanced subtracted peak arterial (VESPA) magnetic resonance (MR) venography compared with those at conventional venography for the diagnosis of femoral and iliac deep venous thrombosis (DVT).
  
  
  METHODS
  A single anteroposterior maximum intensity projection (MIP) venogram of the femoral and iliac veins was constructed by using VESPA MR venography in 55 symptomatic patients suspected of having lower limb DVT. All patients also underwent conventional venography, results of which were used as the standard of reference. VESPA MR venograms were interpreted by two independent reviewers (reviewers A and B) who were unaware of other results. Sensitivity and specificity of VESPA MR venography for the diagnosis of thrombus in the femoral and iliac veins were calculated. Interobserver variability was calculated for these observations by using weighted kappa with equally spaced weights for positive, nondiagnostic, and negative studies. Nondiagnostic studies were reinterpreted separately by reviewer A on the basis of source data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitivity of VESPA MR venography for the femoral veins (20 of 20) and iliac veins (seven of seven) was 100% for both reviewers. Specificity was 100% (39 of 39 for reviewer A, 40 of 40 for reviewer B) for the iliac veins and 97% (31 of 32) for the femoral veins for both reviewers. Segments in which the VESPA MR venograms were nondiagnostic were excluded from this analysis. Interobserver variability as calculated by using weighted kappa for positive, negative, and nondiagnostic studies was 0.85 for femoral veins and 0.97 for iliac veins. Interpretation of the source data led to correct diagnosis in six of six cases in which the VESPA MR venograms were nondiagnostic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VESPA MR venography yielded MIP venograms that were highly accurate for the diagnosis of DVT in femoral and iliac veins. Interpretation of the studies was also highly reproducible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Academic Radiology, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, England.
authors.forename: Douglas G W
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: Ian R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Anne L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D005260:Female; D005268:Femoral Vein; D006801:Humans; D007084:Iliac Vein; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010690:Phlebography; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis*