title: Randomized controlled study of rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy as second-line treatment for Helicobacter pylori infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the efficacy of rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin triple therapy vs. quadruple therapy for the second-line treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and nine patients who had failed previous H. pylori eradication were randomized to receive: (i) rabeprazole, 20 mg b.d., rifabutin, 300 mg once daily, and levofloxacin, 500 mg once daily, for 7 days (triple therapy); or (ii) rabeprazole, 20 mg b.d., metronidazole, 400 mg t.d.s., bismuth subcitrate, 120 mg q.d.s., and tetracycline, 500 mg q.d.s., for 7 days (quadruple therapy). Endoscopy and culture were performed before treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clarithromycin (79% vs. 21%, P < 0.001) and metronidazole (89% vs. 40%, P < 0.001) resistance rates were significantly higher in patients with previous exposure than in those with no previous exposure. The intention-to-treat and per protocol eradication rates were 91%/91% for the triple therapy group and 91%/92% for the quadruple therapy group. For patients with double resistance to metronidazole and clarithromycin, the eradication rates were 85% (17/20) in the triple therapy group and 87% (13/15) in the quadruple therapy group. Compliance was greater than 95% for both regimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rabeprazole, levofloxacin and rifabutin-based triple therapy and quadruple therapy were equally effective as second-line treatments for H. pylori infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: F M Y
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: W H C
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: H H X
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: B C Y
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D064750:Rabeprazole; D017828:Rifabutin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D017828:Rifabutin; D064750:Rabeprazole; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D009853:Omeprazole