title: Marital and parenting satisfaction and infant care self-efficacy during the transition to parenthood: the effect of infant sex.
abstract: The purpose of this follow-up study was to examine the effect of infant sex on changes in and differences between parents' reports of infant care self-efficacy and parenting and marital satisfaction from 4 months to 12 months after the birth of their first child. A convenience sample of 32 couples was selected from 44 couples who participated in a longitudinal study of the development of parenting satisfaction and infant care self-efficacy during the first 4 months after the birth of a first child (Brage Hudson, Elek, Fleck, 2001). Couples completed a demographic questionnaire, the Infant Care Survey (ICS, Froman Owen, 1989), the What Being the Parent of a New Baby is Like--Revised Questionnaire (WPBL-R, Pridham Chang, 1989), and the Dyadic Adjustment Scale (DAS, Spanier, 1976, 1989) 4 and 12 months postpartum. Infant care self-efficacy, but not parenting satisfaction, increased from 4 to 12 months; mothers reported higher infant care self-efficacy and parenting satisfaction than fathers at both times. Fathers of boys reported greater parenting satisfaction and infant care self-efficacy at 12 months than fathers of girls. Marital satisfaction decreased from 4 to 12 months for both mothers and fathers. Significant relationships existed among infant care self-efficacy, parenting satisfaction, and marital satisfaction at both 4 and 12 months postpartum. Implications for families and for nursing interventions are discussed.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA.
authors.forename: Susan M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Elek
authors.forename: Diane Brage
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Hudson
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouffard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005192:Family Health; D005219:Father-Child Relations; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007224:Infant Care; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008393:Marriage / Q000523:psychology*; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012727:Sex Characteristics