title: Use of complementary and alternative medicine by patients with localized prostate carcinoma: study at a single institute in Japan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of complementary/alternative medicine (CAM) has recently received considerable attention throughout the world. We evaluated the prevalence and predictors of CAM use among Japanese patients with localized prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 177 patients with localized prostate carcinoma underwent radical retropubic prostatecotomy or external beam radiation therapy between January 1994 and January 2001. Of them, 138 (78%) answered a self-administered questionnaire on CAM use and were eligible for this study. The overall prevalence, types of CAM used, and costs of CAM were assessed. The effects of age, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) level, clinical stage, pretreatment Gleason score, patients' income, patients' final educational status, and general health-related quality of life at baseline and 1 year after treatment, as estimated using the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Prostate Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire on the prevalence of CAM use, were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven patients (20%) had once used or had been using some types of CAM. Herbal medicine and vitamins were the most common types of CAM used. Preoperative Gleason score was significantly associated with CAM use, as determined by the chi(2) test ( P = 0.0198), and PSA level and posttreatment physical function domain were marginally associated with CAM use, as determined by the Mann-Whitney U-test ( P = 0.0734 and P = 0.0597, respectively). Patient age, income, and final educational status had no impact on CAM use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A relatively small proportion of Japanese patients with localized prostate cancer have tried CAM compared with the proportions of patients described in previous reports from Western countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, 1-1-1 Miwa, Kurashiki, Okayama 710-8602, Japan. ky7527@kchnet.or.jp
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ichioka
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Akito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terai
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000145:classification / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D011881:Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D016729:Leuprolide