title: Geochemical evaluation of different groundwater-host rock systems for radioactive waste disposal.
abstract: The geochemical suitability of a deep bedrock repository for radioactive waste disposal is determined by the composition of geomatrix and groundwater. Both influence radionuclide solubility, chemical buffer capacity and radionuclide retention. They also determine the chemical compatibility of waste forms, containers and backfill materials. Evaluation of different groundwater-host rock systems is performed by modeling the geochemical environments and the resulting radionuclide concentrations. In order to demonstrate the evaluation method, model calculations are applied to data sets available for various geological formations such as granite, clay and rocksalt. The saturation state of the groundwater-geomatrix system is found to be fundamental for the evaluation process. Hence, calculations are performed to determine if groundwater is in equilibrium with mineral phases of the geological formation. In addition, corrosion of waste forms in different groundwater is examined by means of reaction path modeling. The corrosion reactions change the solution compositions and pH, resulting in significant changes of radionuclide solubilities. The results demonstrate that geochemical modeling of saturation state and compatibility of the host formation environment with the radioactive waste proves to be a feasible tool for evaluation of various sites considered as deep underground repositories.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, PO Box 3640, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany. volker@ine.fzk.de
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kienzler
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schüssler
mesh_terms: D003343:Corrosion; D055593:Geological Phenomena; D005844:Geology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive; D018505:Waste Management; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive
chemical_list: D011850:Radioactive Waste; D012990:Soil Pollutants, Radioactive; D014875:Water Pollutants, Radioactive