title: Transcellular transport is not required for transmucosal bacterial passage across the intestinal membrane ex vivo.
abstract: The mechanisms underlying the process of bacterial translocation are poorly defined. Possible routes for transmucosal passage of bacteria include transcellular and paracellular channels. Bacterial engulfment is a prerequisite for transcellular transport. To determine whether transcellular transport is required for transmucosal bacterial passage, we examined the effect of various inhibitors of endocytosis, such as colchicine, cytochalasin B, and sodium fluoride on transmucosal passage of bacteria across an ileal mucosal membrane mounted in the Ussing chamber. Colchicine and sodium fluoride increased the rate of decline of the potential difference across the membranes. However, neither colchicine, cytochalasin B, nor sodium fluoride affected the incidence of transmucosal bacterial passage. Sodium fluoride, which depletes intracellular ATP, significantly decreased the number of bacteria that passed per membrane. Our data suggest that transcellular transport may not be required for spontaneous transmucosal passage of bacteria, and furthermore bacterial passage may be, at least in part, an energy-dependent process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: E P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Nadler
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Go
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beer-Stolz
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Schall
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Ford
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003078:Colchicine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003571:Cytochalasin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D003571:Cytochalasin B; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D003078:Colchicine