title: Early and late outcome of myocardial revascularization with and without cardiopulmonary bypass in high risk patients (EuroSCORE > or = 6).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate 30-day and late results in high risk patients (European score (EuroSCORE) > or = 6) who underwent isolated myocardial revascularization with and without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
  
  
  METHODS
  From November 1994 to December 2001, 1266 patients with EuroSCORE > or = 6 underwent isolated myocardial revascularization. Among them, applying the propensity score, we were able to select 1020 patients operated on without CPB (group A, n=510) and with CPB (group B, n=510) with the same preoperative characteristics. The only differences were the higher incidence of patients with age between 61 and 65 years (9.4% in group A vs. 13.9% in group B, P=0.025) and the lower number of anastomoses/patient in group A (1.8+/-0.9 vs. 2.8+/-0.9, P<0.001). EuroSCORE were identical in both groups (7.8%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-day mortality was higher in group B (5.9 vs. 3.1%, P=0.035). Group A showed a lower incidence of cerebrovascular accidents (CVAs) (0.6 vs. 3.1%, P=0.003), whereas incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was similar (2.0% in group A vs. 2.5% in group B, P=ns). Early negative primary end-points and early major events incidences were higher in group B (8.2 vs. 3.9%, P=0.004, and 14.5 vs. 7.1%, P<0.001, respectively). Stepwise logistic regression confirmed that CPB was an independent predictor for higher early mortality (Odds ratio (OR) 2.0) and CVA, negative primary end-points and early major events incidences (OR 4.6, 2.3 and 2.4, respectively). Five-year freedom from the events explored (death due to any cause, cardiac death, AMI, AMI on a grafted area, redo/percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA), redo/PTCA on a grafted area, target cardiac events (cardiac death, AMI in a grafted area and redo/PTCA in a grafted area) and any event were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In high risk patients myocardial revascularization without CPB shows better early outcome and similar clinical late results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University G. D'Annunzio, S. Camillo de' Lellis Hospital, via C. Forlanini, 50, 66100 Chieti, Italy. calafiore@unich.it
authors.forename: Antonio Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Calafiore
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Di Mauro
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Canosa
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Giammarco
authors.forename: Angela Lorena
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Iaco
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Contini
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D000075202:Contraindications; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000379:methods*; D018579:Patient Selection; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome