title: The fragile X mental retardation protein FMRP binds elongation factor 1A mRNA and negatively regulates its translation in vivo.
abstract: Loss of the RNA-binding protein FMRP (fragile X mental retardation protein) leads to fragile X syndrome, the most common form of inherited mental retardation. Although some of the messenger RNA targets of this protein, including FMR1, have been ascertained, many have yet to be identified. We have found that Xenopus elongation factor 1A (EF-1A) mRNA binds tightly to recombinant human FMRP in vitro. Binding depended on protein determinants located primarily in the C-terminal end of hFMRP, but the hnRNP K homology domain influenced binding as well. When hFMRP was expressed in cultured cells, it dramatically reduced endogenous EF-1A protein expression but had no effect on EF-1A mRNA levels. In contrast, the translation of several other mRNAs, including those coding for dynamin and constitutive heat shock 70 protein, was not affected by the hFMRP expression. Most importantly, EF-1A mRNA and hFMR1 mRNA were coimmunoprecipitated with hFMRP. Finally, in fragile X lymphoblastoid cells in which hFMRP is absent, human EF-1A protein but not its corresponding mRNA is elevated compared with normal lymphoblastoid cells. These data suggest that hFMRP binds to EF-1A mRNA and also strongly argue that FMRP negatively regulates EF-1A expression in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Ying Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dolzhanskaya
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Nolin
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Julia R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Currie
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Denman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1; D005600:Fragile X Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1; D005998:Glycine; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D020648:Peptide Elongation Factor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C497683:FMR1 protein, human; C497685:Fmr1 protein, rat; C084257:PC 12 ester