title: Novel enzymatic method for the production of xylitol from D-arabitol by Gluconobacter oxydans.
abstract: Microorganisms capable of producing xylitol from D-arabitol were screened for. Of the 420 strains tested, three bacteria, belonging to the genera Acetobacter and Gluconobacter, produced xylitol from D-arabitol when intact cells were used as the enzyme source. Among them, Gluconobacter oxydans ATCC 621 produced 29.2 g/l xylitol from 52.4 g/l D-arabitol after incubation for 27 h. The production of xylitol was increased by the addition of 5% (v/v) ethanol and 5 g/l D-glucose to the reaction mixture. Under these conditions, 51.4 g/l xylitol was obtained from 52.4 g/l D-arabitol, a yield of 98%, after incubation for 27 h. This conversion consisted of two successive reactions, conversion of D-arabitol to D-xylulose by a membrane-bound D-arabitol dehydrogenase, and conversion of D-xylulose to xylitol by a soluble NAD-dependent xylitol dehydrogenase. Use of disruptants of the membrane-bound alcohol dehydrogenase genes suggested that NADH was generated via NAD-dependent soluble alcohol dehydrogenase.
authors.affiliation: AminoScience Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi 210-8681, Japan.
authors.forename: Shun-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mihara
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashiguchi
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokozeki
mesh_terms: D050542:D-Xylulose Reductase; D020600:Gluconobacter oxydans / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013402:Sugar Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014993:Xylitol / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D014996:Xylulose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D013402:Sugar Alcohols; D014996:Xylulose; D013401:Sugar Alcohol Dehydrogenases; C022751:D-arabinitol dehydrogenase; D050542:D-Xylulose Reductase; D014993:Xylitol; C014999:arabitol