[Evaluation and first aid of burned patients].
First cares of burned patients depend of an accurate evaluation of the injury severity. Total body surface area burned can be estimated taking into account the fact that the area of one hand face is equivalent to 1% of the total body surface (TBS) of the individual. Second-degree burns are characterized by the occurrence of phlyctena, third-degree burns appear like adhering necrosis without any sensibility. Smoke inhalation injuries are frequent and can be recognized on the presence of tare deposits inside the mouse and on the respiratory conducts. Taking care of the patient begins with making the victim safe from the thermal aggression. Then, cooling the burn is to be performed. The emergency medical care consists in securing respiratory function, and, as early as possible, in beginning perfusions of Ringer Lactate Lavoisier exceeding 20 mL/kg during the first post-burn hours for patient suffering of burns exceeding 10% of the total body area. Pain must be controlled using preferentially morphine or related products. Transport to the specialized unit, in case of severe injury, will be performed assuring thermal comfort, wound protection and vital function monitoring.
Wassermann
Daniel
D
Service des brûlés Hôpital Cochin 75679 Paris. daniel.wassermann@cch.ap-hop-paris.fr
D002053:Burn Units; D002056:Burns / Q000145:classification / Q000628:therapy*; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D005392:First Aid / Q000379:methods; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D012774:Shock, Traumatic / Q000628:therapy