title: Insulin resistance highly associates with hypertension in IgA nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Insulin resistance has been reported to induce hypertension. Previous studies described that there was no relationship between insulin resistance and hypertension in patients with chronic renal diseases with mild to moderate renal dysfunction. The aim of the present study is to clarify the relationship between insulin resistance and blood pressure, renal function, histopathological changes and other characteristics in IgA nephropathy (IgAN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-eight IgAN patients were included in this cross-sectional study. Hypertension was diagnosed according to the WHO/ISH criteria. Insulin resistance was evaluated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Male gender, age, body mass index, serum creatinine, urinary protein excretion, triglycerides and HOMA-IR were positively correlated with hypertension. C(Cr), serum albumin and HDL cholesterol were negatively correlated with blood pressure by Spearman's simple correlation test. By logistic multivariate analysis, C(Cr), insulin resistance, age and male gender were significantly correlated with hypertension, independently of all other variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin resistance is not directly related to renal dysfunction, but is also independently associated with hypertension in IgAN. Since hypertension is considered as a risk factor for renal disease progression, insulin resistance may be an indirect deteriorating factor for IgAN. To identify and improve insulin resistance may be another therapeutic target in the clinical management of IgAN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eiro
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asahi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011507:Proteinuria; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; D003404:Creatinine