Interactions of bacterial pathogens with dendritic cells during invasion of mucosal surfaces.
Recent studies of mucosal immunity suggest a key role for dendritic cells in the regulation of gut immune responses, in both physiological and pathological conditions. Dendritic cells are widely distributed in the lamina propria of the gut and are involved in direct bacterial uptake across mucosal surfaces, which questions the role of dendritic cells in innate mucosal responses. Approximately 400 commensal microbial species are present in the gut lumen. So how do dendritic cells distinguish pathogens from luminal microflora? Are the cytokines and chemokines induced in dendritic cells tailored to the class of microbes being recognized? Several very important questions still need to be addressed.
Granucci
Francesca
F
Department of Biotechnology and Bioscience, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza della Scienza, 2-20126-Milano, Italy.
Ricciardi-Castagnoli
Paola
P
D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000166:cytology / Q000382:microbiology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors