title: Excessive noise levels in the neonatal ICU: potential effects on auditory system development.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several recent studies have found exceedingly high noise levels in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and in incubators. The purpose of this study was to perform a detailed noise assessment in a Canadian NICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  A noise level meter was used to evaluate ambient noise levels in three rooms of the NICU and to compare those levels with measurements taken inside an occupied incubator.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean hourly noise levels measured inside the incubator (61 dB) were significantly higher than those measured outside (55 dB). Ambient noise levels were also significantly higher in rooms where staff activity was greatest (59 dB). In addition, peak noise levels in excess of 120 dB were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings are consistent with those of previous studies and suggest that noise levels in the NICU are excessive. Furthermore, staff activity is a significant contributor. The suggestion that noise in the NICU is detrimental to both auditory and central nervous system development is discussed and intervention strategies are recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario.
authors.forename: William D T
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: Andre K W
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Maxine C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bardell
mesh_terms: D002657:Child Development / Q000502:physiology*; D006317:Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006749:Hospital Design and Construction; D006801:Humans; D007186:Incubators, Infant / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D009420:Nervous System / Q000254:growth & development*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009622:Noise / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009864:Ontario; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013637:Tape Recording