title: Effects of repeated anaesthesia on central cholinergic function in the rat cerebral cortex.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  General anaesthesia may contribute to postoperative cognitive decline in the elderly. The aim was to determine the effects of repeated pentobarbital anaesthesia throughout life on central cholinergic function in the rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Young Lewis rats were randomly allocated to two groups. The anaesthesia group (n = 15) was anaesthetized with pentobarbital 20 mg kg(-1) intraperitoneally at 6, 8.5, 11, 13.5, 16, 18.5, 21 and 23.5 months of age. The control group (n = 12) was treated identically, apart from the anaesthesia. At 26 months of age, the animals were killed and the brain dissected and stored for analysis. Central cholinergic function in the cortex and hippocampus was assessed by measuring [3H]-epibatidine and [125I]alpha-bungarotoxin binding to nicotinic receptors and choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tissue from nine rats in the anaesthesia group and eight in the control group was available for analysis. There was a significant reduction in alpha-bungarotoxin binding in the anaesthetized compared with the control group in the superior cortex (P < 0.0002) and molecular cortex (P < 0.04). There were no significant differences between the groups for epibatidine binding or ChAT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repeated anaesthesia in rat reduces central nicotinic cholinergic binding in the cortex. The findings may have implications for postoperative cognitive function studies.
authors.affiliation: Leicester General Hospital, Department of Anaesthesia, Leicester, UK. cdh4@le.ac.uk
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Hanning
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blokland
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Perry
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000378:metabolism; D002038:Bungarotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000378:metabolism; D010424:Pentobarbital / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D002038:Bungarotoxins; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D011725:Pyridines; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D010424:Pentobarbital; C082748:epibatidine