title: Protective effect of Gingko biloba extract against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in mice.
abstract: Doxorubicin (DXR) causes dose dependent cardiotoxicity in experimental animals and in humans. In chronic doxorubicin cardiotoxicity model mice, the role of G. biloba extract (Gbe) which has an antioxidant property, was investigated. Doxorubicin treated animals showed higher mortality (68%), increased ascites, marked bradycardia, prolongation of ST and QT intervals and widening of QRS complex. Myocardial SOD and glutathione peroxidase activity were decreased and lipid peroxidation was increased. Ultrastructure of heart of DXR treated animals showed loss of myofibrils, swelling of mitochondria, vacuolization of mitochondria. G. biloba extract significantly protected the mice from cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin as evidenced by lowered mortality, ascites, myocardial lipid peroxidation, normalization of antioxidant enzymes, reversal of ECG changes and minimal ultrastructural damage of the heart. The results indicate that administration of G. biloba extract protected mice from doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: M U R
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Naidu
authors.forename: K Vijay
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: I Krishna
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sundaram
authors.forename: Shashi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000633:toxicity*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D020441:Ginkgo biloba / Q000737:chemistry*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D051379:Mice; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D004317:Doxorubicin; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase