Postnatal human herpesvirus 8 and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection in mothers and infants from Zambia.
The specific route and timing of human herpesvirus (HHV) 8 infection in regions where Kaposi sarcoma is endemic are not known. HHV-8 infection and any risk factors that may be associated with HHV-8, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 infection, were monitored during the 12-month postdelivery period for 416 mothers and 485 infants from Lusaka, Zambia. HHV-8 incident infection rates during this period were 3.2 and 5.3 infections/100 person-years for infants and mothers, respectively. HHV-8 infection among infants was not associated with HHV-8 or HIV-1 infection in the mother. Among the HHV-8-positive infants, 2 of 12 tested were found to have HHV-8 DNA in their peripheral blood mononuclear cells at birth, which suggests that in utero infection is possible. However, most HHV-8-positive infants appeared to have acquired infection either intrapartum or postpartum. The present study indicates that transmission of HHV-8 to infants can occur early and is likely via multiple routes.
Brayfield
Brad P
BP
Nebraska Center for Virology, School of Biological Sciences, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA.
Phiri
Saul
S
Kankasa
Chipepo
C
Muyanga
Jubra
J
Mantina
Hamakwa
H
Kwenda
Geoffrey
G
West
John T
JT
Bhat
Ganapati
G
Marx
Dave B
DB
Klaskala
Winslow
W
Mitchell
Charles D
CD
Wood
Charles
C
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D015024:Zambia / Q000453:epidemiology
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015483:HIV Antibodies