title: Transfection of NFkappaB-decoy oligodeoxynucleotides using efficient ultrasound-mediated gene transfer into donor kidneys prolonged survival of rat renal allografts.
abstract: Nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB) plays a pivotal role in the coordinated transactivation of a series of genes of cytokines and adhesion molecules that are highly involved in the onset of acute rejection in organ transplantation. We previously developed decoy cis-elements oligo deoxyribonucleic acid against NFkappaB (NFkappaB-decoy) that effectively inhibited the activation of major inflammatory mediators in vitro and in vivo. Accordingly, we hypothesized that transfection of NFkappaB-decoy into the donor kidney would prevent acute rejection and prolong graft survival, and thus provide effective therapy for renal acute rejection. To transfect NFkappaB-decoy, we employed a novel approach using ultrasound exposure with an echocardiographic contrast agent, Optison, and clearly demonstrated successful transfection of NFkappaB-decoy into renal tissue. The therapeutic effect of NFkappaB-decoy on renal allografts was then evaluated in a rat renal allograft model (Wistar-Lewis). In the control group, graft function significantly deteriorated with marked destruction of renal tissue, accompanied by increased production of major inflammatory mediators, and all animals died of renal failure by 9 days. In contrast, graft function (serum creatinine on day 2, NFkappaB-treated: 0.97+/-0.16 versus control: 1.84+/-0.23 mg/dl, P<0.01) and histological structure were well preserved with significantly decreased expression of NFkappaB-regulated cytokines and adhesion molecules, including IL-1, iNOS, MCP-1, TNF-alpha, and ICAM-1, in allografts transfected with NFkappaB-decoy. As a result, animal survival was significantly prolonged in this group as compared to controls (14.2+/-5.2 versus 7.1+/-1.2 days, P<0.01). Thus, we established a novel ultrasound-Optison-mediated gene transfection approach and demonstrated the significant prolongation of graft survival by the successful transfection of NFkappaB-decoy into the donor kidney in a rat renal allograft model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Osaka Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaneda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogihara
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katsuoka
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morishita
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006085:Graft Survival; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D003287:Contrast Media; C099458:FS 069; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides