title: Supercritical extraction of essential oil from aniseed (Pimpinella anisum L) using CO2: solubility, kinetics, and composition data.
abstract: Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) from aniseed using carbon dioxide was performed at 30 degrees C and pressures of 80-180 bar. The chemical composition of the SFE extract was determined by GC-MS; the quantitative analysis was done by GC-FID and TLC. The total amount of extractable substances or global yield (mass of extract/mass of feed) for the SFE process varied from 3.13 to 10.67% (mass). The solubilities of the anise essential oil in CO(2) were 0.0110, 0.0277, 0.0143, and 0.0182 kg of solute/kg of CO(2) at 80, 100, 140, and 180 bar, respectively. The major compounds identified and quantified in the extracts were anethole ( approximately 90%), gamma-himachalene (2-4%), p-anisaldehyde (<1%), methylchavicol (0.9-1.5%), cis-pseudoisoeugenyl 2-methylbutyrate ( approximately 3%), and trans-pseudoisoeugenyl 2-methylbutyrate ( approximately 1.3%). The Sovová model described quite well the experimental overall extraction curves.
authors.affiliation: LASEFI-DEA/FEA-UNICAMP, Caixa Postal 6121, CEP 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vera M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Paulo T V
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: Marcia O M
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Ademir J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Petenate
authors.forename: M Angela A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Meireles
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007700:Kinetics; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000737:chemistry*; D028042:Pimpinella / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D002245:Carbon Dioxide