title: Sp1- and Krüppel-like transcription factors.
abstract: Sp1-like proteins and Krüppel-like factors (KLFs) are highly related zinc-finger proteins that are important components of the eukaryotic cellular transcriptional machinery. By regulating the expression of a large number of genes that have GC-rich promoters, Sp1-like/KLF transcription regulators may take part in virtually all facets of cellular function, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and neoplastic transformation. Individual members of the Sp1-like/KLF family can function as activators or repressors depending on which promoter they bind and the coregulators with which they interact. A long-standing research aim has been to define the mechanisms by which Sp1-like factors and KLFs regulate gene expression and cellular function in a cell- and promoter-specific manner. Most members of this family have been identified in mammals, with at least 21 Sp1-like/KLF proteins encoded in the human genome, and members are also found in frogs, worms and flies. Sp1-like/KLF proteins have highly conserved carboxy-terminal zinc-finger domains that function in DNA binding. The amino terminus, containing the transcription activation domain, can vary significantly between family members.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA.
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaczynski
authors.forename: Tiffany
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Raul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Urrutia
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D016335:Zinc Fingers / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors