title: Pharmacological characterisation of cannabinoid receptors inhibiting interleukin 2 release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
abstract: The effects of a range of cannabinoid receptor agonists and antagonists on phytohaemagglutinin-induced secretion of interleukin-2 from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells were investigated. The nonselective cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN55212-2 ((R)-(+)-[2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-[4-morpholinylmethyl]pyrrolo[1,2,3-de]1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl](1-naphthyl) methanone mesylate) and the selective cannabinoid CB(2) receptor agonist JWH 015 ((2-methyl-1-propyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-napthalenylmethanone) inhibited phytohaemagglutinin (10 microg/ml)-induced release of interleukin-2 in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(1/2max), WIN55212-2=8.8 x 10(-7) M, 95% confidence limits (C.L.)=2.2 x 10(-7)-3.5 x 10(-6) M; JWH 015=1.8 x 10(-6) M, 95% C.L.=1.2 x 10(-6)-2.9 x 10(-6) M, n=5). The nonselective cannabinoid receptor agonists CP55,940 ((-)-3-[2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethyl-hepthyl)-phenyl]4-[3-hydroxypropyl]cyclo-hexan-1-ol), Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol and the selective cannabinoid CB(1) receptor agonist ACEA (arachidonoyl-2-chloroethylamide) had no significant (P>0.05) inhibitory effect on phytohaemagglutinin-induced release of interleukin-2. Dexamethasone significantly (P<0.05) inhibited phytohaemagglutinin-induced release of interleukin-2 in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(1/2max)=1.3 x 10(-8) M, 95% C.L.=1.4 x 10(-9)-3.2 x 10(-8) M). The cannabinoid CB(1) receptor antagonist SR141716A (N-(piperidin-1-yl)-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide hydrochloride) (10(-6) M) did not antagonise the inhibitory effect of WIN55212-2 whereas the cannabinoid CB(2) receptor antagonist SR144528 (N-(1,S)-endo-1,3,3-trimethyl bicyclo(2,2,1)heptan-2-yl)-5-(4-chloro-3-methylphenyl)-1-(4-methylbenzyl)-pyrazole-3-carboxamide) antagonised the inhibitory effect of WIN55212-2 (pA(2)=6.3+/-0.1, n=5). In addition, CP55,940 (10(-6) M) and Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol (10(-6) M) also antagonised the inhibitory effects of WIN55212-2 (pA(2)=6.1+/-0.1, n=5 and pA(2)=6.9+/-0.2, n=5). In summary, WIN55,212-2 and JWH 015 inhibited interleukin-2 release from human peripheral blood mononuclear cells via the cannabinoid CB(2) receptor. In contrast, CP55,940 and Delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinol behaved as partial agonists/antagonists in these cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, CP Snow Building, Hatfield Campus, University of Hertfordshire, College Lane, UK.
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ihenetu
authors.forename: Areles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Molleman
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: Clifford
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Whelan
mesh_terms: D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D048588:Benzoxazines; D001892:Camphanes / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003511:Cyclohexanols / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D000077285:Rimonabant
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D048588:Benzoxazines; D001892:Camphanes; D003511:Cyclohexanols; D007211:Indoles; D007376:Interleukin-2; D009025:Morpholines; D009281:Naphthalenes; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D010880:Piperidines; D011720:Pyrazoles; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D011955:Receptors, Drug; C110630:SR 144528; C119325:arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide; C070417:(3R)-((2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-3-((4-morpholinyl)methyl)pyrrolo-(1,2,3-de)-1,4-benzoxazin-6-yl)(1-naphthalenyl))methanone; D013759:Dronabinol; C054649:3-(2-hydroxy-4-(1,1-dimethylheptyl)phenyl)-4-(3-hydroxypropyl)cyclohexanol; D000077285:Rimonabant; C402944:JHW 015