title: Evidence for rotation of V1-ATPase.
abstract: V(o)V(1)-ATPase is responsible for acidification of eukaryotic intracellular compartments and ATP synthesis of Archaea and some eubacteria. From the similarity to F(o)F(1)-ATP synthase, V(o)V(1)-ATPase has been assumed to be a rotary motor, but to date there are no experimental data to support this. Here we visualized the rotation of single molecules of V(1)-ATPase, a catalytic subcomplex of V(o)V(1)-ATPase. V(1)-ATPase from Thermus thermophilus was immobilized onto a glass surface, and a bead was attached to the D or F subunit through the biotin-streptavidin linkage. In both cases we observed ATP-dependent rotations of beads, the direction of which was always counterclockwise viewed from the membrane side. Given that three ATP molecules are hydrolyzed per one revolution, rates of rotation agree consistently with rates of ATP hydrolysis at saturating ATP concentrations. This study provides experimental evidence that V(o)V(1)-ATPase is a rotary motor and that both D and F subunits constitute a rotor shaft.
authors.affiliation: ATP System Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, 5800-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-0026, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noji
authors.forename: Eiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muneyuki
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohkuma
authors.forename: Masasuke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001710:Biotin / Q000737:chemistry; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D005898:Glass; D008954:Models, Biological; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D019809:Streptavidin / Q000737:chemistry; D016963:Thermus thermophilus / Q000201:enzymology; D013997:Time Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D001710:Biotin; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D019809:Streptavidin; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases