title: An electrophysiological study on the anti-ventricular arrhythmic effect of adenosine in the guinea pig.
abstract: Using whole-cell patch clamp technique this study investigated the effects of adenosine (Ado) on action potential, L-type calcium current (I(Ca.L)), delayed afterdepolarizations (DADs), and transient inward current (I(ti)) induced by isoproterenol (Iso) in guinea pig isolated single ventricular myocytes. The results showed: (1) Ado alone had no significant direct effects on action potential and I(Ca.L) in guinea pig ventricular myocytes at 20-100 micromol/L. However, Ado significantly attenuated the prolongation of action potential duration (APD) and the increase of the peak amplitude of I(Ca.L) induced by Iso. Iso (10 nmol/L) markedly increased APD(50) and APD(90) from 340+/-21 ms to 486+/-28 ms and from 361+/-17 ms to 501+/-29 ms, respectively (P<0.01), and increased the amplitude of I(Ca.L) from 6.53+/-1.4 pA/pF to 18.28+/-2.4 pA/pF (P<0.01). The peak potential of current-potential relationship shifted to the left. Ado (50 micromol/L) abbreviated APD(50), APD(90) to 403+/-19 ms and 419+/-26 ms (P<0.01), and decreased the peak amplitude of I(Ca.L) to 10.2+/-1.5 pA/pF (P<0.01 vs Iso), but did not change resting membrane potential (RMP), action potential amplitude (APA), and overshoot (OS). (2) Iso (30 nmol/L) reproducibly elicited DADs with 100% incidence of DADs under this condition. Ado (50 micromol/L) completely inhibited Iso from inducing DADs. Iso (30 nmol/L) elicited I(ti) with 2-second depolarizing voltage-clamp pulses rising to +20 mV from a holding potential of -40 mV, the incidence of I(ti) being 100%, and the I(ti) was suppressed in the presence of Ado (50 micromol/L) with the incidence of I(ti) decreased to 14.3% (P<0.05). These data indicate that Ado antagonizes the stimulatory effect of Iso, and that the antiarrhythmic mechanism of Ado preventing Iso-induced DADs is due to the inhibition of intracellular Ca(2+) overload through attenuating the prolongation of APD, the enhance of I(Ca.L) and I(ti).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Xi an Jiaotong University, Xi an 710061.
authors.forename: Zheng-Hang
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Wei-Jin
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.forename: Xiao-Jiang
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yi-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zang
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects*; D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000503:physiopathology; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000166:cytology; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008297:Male; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D000241:Adenosine; D007545:Isoproterenol