title: Increased incidence of proximal aortic atherosclerotic disease in patients with internal carotid occlusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atherosclerotic involvement of the proximal aorta is a major cause of embolic operative stroke in cardiac surgery. Its incidence is less well known in patients with severe carotid disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the incidence of proximal atherosclerotic aortic disease in patients with internal carotid occlusion (group 1) and then compared it to a group of patients with normal carotids undergoing cardiac surgery (group 2). Both groups had preoperative carotid Doppler and epiaortic ultrasound analysis at the time of surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Epiaortic ultrasound results showed that the degree of atherosclerosis in group 1 was normal in 9 patients (10.2%), mild in 34 (38.6%), moderate in 29 (33%), and severe in 16 (18.2%). In group 2, the degree of atherosclerosis was normal in 70 patients (9.3%), mild in 466 (61.8%), moderate in 150 (19.9%), and severe in 68 (9.0%). Stroke rate was higher in group 1 at 4.5% versus 1.1% for group 2 (P =.029). No difference in surgical mortality was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with internal carotid occlusions undergoing heart surgery have a higher incidence of proximal aortic atherosclerotic disease. Epiaortic ultrasound examination is strongly recommended.
authors.affiliation: Catholic Medical Center, Manchester, New Hampshire 03102, USA. baribeau@nhheart.com
authors.forename: Yvon R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Baribeau
authors.forename: Benjamin M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Westbrook
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Charlesworth
authors.forename: Christopher T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Maloney
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography