title: Influence of interleukin-12 receptor beta1 polymorphisms on tuberculosis.
abstract: Host genetic factors may be important determinants of susceptibility to tuberculosis, and several candidate gene polymorphisms have been shown to date. A series of recent reports concerning rare human deficiencies in the type-1 cytokine pathway suggest that more subtle variants of relevant genes may also contribute to susceptibility to tuberculosis at the general population level. To investigate whether polymorphisms in the interleukin-12 receptor (IL-12R) gene predispose individuals to tuberculosis, we studied these genes by single-strand conformational polymorphism analysis and direct sequencing. Although no common polymorphisms could be identified in the IL-12R beta 2 gene ( IL-12RB2), we confirmed four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs; 641A-->G, 684C-->T, 1094T-->C, and 1132G-->C) causing three missense variants (Q214R, M365T, G378R) and one synonymous substitution in the extracellular domain of the IL-12R beta 1 gene ( IL12RB1). All SNPs were in almost perfect linkage disequilibrium (D'=0.98), and two common haplotypes of IL12RB1(allele 1: Q214-M365-G378; allele 2: R214-T365-R378) were revealed. Polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequence analyses were used to type IL12RB1polymorphisms in 98 patients with tuberculosis and 197 healthy controls in Japanese populations. In our case-control association study of tuberculosis, the R214-T365-R378 allele (allele 2) was over-represented in patients with tuberculosis, and homozygosity for R214-T365-R378 (the 2/2 genotype) was significantly associated with tuberculosis (odds ratio: 2.45; 95% CI: 1.20-4.99; P=0.013). In healthy subjects, homozygotes for R214-T365-R378 had lower levels of IL-12-induced signaling, according to differences in cellular responses to IL-12 between two haplotypes. These data suggest that the R214-T365-R378 allele, i.e., variation in IL12RB1, contribute to tuberculosis susceptibility in the Japanese population. This genetic variation may predispose individuals to tuberculosis infection by diminishing receptor responsiveness to IL-12 and to IL-23, leading to partial dysfunction of interferon-gamma-mediated immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Biosystemic Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuteru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akahoshi
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Katsuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyake
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Sakiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000409:Alanine / Q000235:genetics; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003545:Cysteine / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005998:Glycine / Q000235:genetics; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007564:Japan; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D053707:Receptors, Interleukin-12; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013912:Threonine / Q000235:genetics; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C508438:IL12RB1 protein, human; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053707:Receptors, Interleukin-12; D013912:Threonine; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D003545:Cysteine; D000409:Alanine; D005998:Glycine