title: Transcriptional activation of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase by phosphorus deficiency in tobacco.
abstract: Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC), which catalyses the carboxylation of phosphoenolpyruvate using HCO(3)(-) to generate oxaloacetic acid, is an important enzyme in the primary metabolism of plants. Although the PEPC genes (ppc) comprise only a small gene family, the function of each gene is not clear, except for roles in C(4) photosynthesis and CAM. Three PEPC genes (Nsppc1-3) from the C(3) plant Nicotiana sylvestris were used to investigate their roles and regulation in a C(3) plant, and their regulation by phosphorus depletion in particular. First, the induction of PEPC by phosphorus depletion was confirmed. Next, Nsppc1 was determined to be mainly responsive to phosphorus deficiency at the transcriptional level. Further studies using transgenic tobacco harbouring a chimeric gene consisting of the 2.0 kb promoter region of Nsppc1 and the beta-glucuronidase (GUS) reporter showed that PEPC is transcriptionally induced. It was also found that sucrose had a synergistic effect on the induction of PEPC by phosphorus deficiency. A series of transgenic tobacco containing 5'-deletion mutants of Nsppc1 promoter::GUS fusion revealed that the -539 to -442 bp Nsppc1 promoter region, relative to the translation start site, was necessary for the response to phosphorus deficiency. Gain-of-function analysis using a construct containing three tandem repeats of the -539 to -442 bp region confirmed that this region was sufficient to induce the phosphorus-deficiency response in tobacco.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Department of Applied Life Sciences, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toyota
authors.forename: Nozomu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010730:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000172:deficiency / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D045322:Photosynthetic Reaction Center Complex Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D010758:Phosphorus; D005966:Glucuronidase; D010730:Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxylase