title: Negative-strand RNA viral vectors: intravenous application of Sendai virus vectors for the systemic delivery of therapeutic genes.
abstract: Treatment by gene replacement is critical in the field of gene therapy. Suitable vectors for the delivery of therapeutic genes have to be generated and tested in preclinical settings. Recently, extraordinary features for a local gene delivery by Sendai virus vectors (SeVV) have been reported for different tissues. Here we show that direct intravenous application of SeVV in mice is not only feasible and safe, but it results in the secretion of therapeutic proteins to the circulation, for example, human clotting Factor IX (hFIX). In vitro characterization of first-generation SeVV demonstrated that secreted amounts of hFIX were at least comparable to published results for retroviral or adeno-associated viral vectors. Furthermore, as a consideration for application in humans, SeVV transduction led to efficient hFIX synthesis in primary human hepatocytes, and SeVV-encoded hFIX proteins could be shown to be functionally active in the human clotting cascade. In conclusion, our investigations demonstrate for the first time that intravenous administration of negative-strand RNA viral vectors may become a useful tool for the wide area of gene replacement requirements.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine I, University Clinic Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany. michael.bitzer@uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bitzer
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ungerechts
authors.forename: Sascha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bossow
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Graepler
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sedlmeier
authors.forename: Sorin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Armeanu
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bernloehr
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spiegel
authors.forename: Christine D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gregor
authors.forename: Wolfgang J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Neubert
authors.forename: Ulrich M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Lauer
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005164:Factor IX / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006367:HeLa Cells; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008954:Models, Biological; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000235:genetics*; D029082:Sendai virus / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014162:Transfection; D019076:Transgenes; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014709:Vero Cells
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D005164:Factor IX