title: Evaluation of emergency medicine resident death notification skills by direct observation.
abstract: Emergency physicians commonly perform death notifications. Physician training in death notification has been limited. Resident physicians are rarely evaluated in their performance of death notifications.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate death notification skills by direct observation of actual notifications performed by trained emergency medicine (EM) residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective, observational study of EM resident death notification performance. EM residents received training and then were directly observed and evaluated by trained evaluators during actual death notifications in a 64,000-visit community teaching hospital emergency department.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 327 evaluations of 70 different EM residents. Overall performance evaluations were 55% excellent, 40% satisfactory, and 5% unsatisfactory. Third-year EM residents and female EM residents were more likely to be rated excellent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Death notification is a skill that can be evaluated like other EM skills. Trained EM residents performed well in actual death notifications when directly observed and evaluated. Senior residents and female residents were more likely to be rated excellent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, York Hospital, York, PA 17405, USA. rbenenson@wellspan.org
authors.forename: Ronald S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Benenson
authors.forename: Marc L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pollack
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D003142:Communication; D003643:Death; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000193:education* / Q000592:standards; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D006764:Hospitals, Community; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000592:standards*; D008485:Medical Audit; D010414:Pennsylvania; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014193:Trauma Centers