Value priorities in American and British female and male university students.
Value priorities were analyzed as they relate to nationality (American vs. British) and gender in a study involving 207 university students from the 2 countries. Participants responded anonymously to S. H. Schwartz's Value Survey (1992, 1994), consisting of various individualistic and collectivistic values. American students assigned greater importance to the individualistic values of achievement, hedonism, self-direction, and stimulation than British students did; students from the 2 countries assigned equal importance to the power value type. Compared with men, women from both countries assigned greater value priorities to the collectivistic values of benevolence, universalism, security, and subordination of self to others. Women and men, however, did not differ on the individualistic values, and, in fact, women placed greater importance on achievement than men did. The results for the individualistic values are discussed primarily within the context of major changes in the career and work opportunities afforded women by society in the past 30 years.
Ryckman
Richard M
RM
Department of Psychology, University of Maine, Orono 04469-5742, USA. Ryckman@Maine.edu
Houston
Diane M
DM
D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004739:England / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D012945:Social Values; D013334:Students; D014481:United States / Q000208:ethnology