title: [Spiral computed tomography in evaluation of arteriovenous fistula for hemodialysis. Preliminary report].
abstract: Failure of arteriovenous fistula (AVFf) still remains the "Achilles'heel" of chronic haemodialysis (HD) programme. Therefore, early, potentially non-invasive diagnosis and prompt surgical correction of AVFf are needed. For these purposes spiral computed tomographic angiography (SCTA) was used for evaluation of clinically suspected AVFf in 19 patients (10M/9F, aged 58.6 +/- 14.6 years, on HD for 34.4 +/- 29.3 months). SCTA was performed using Marconi MX8000 scanner covering whole AVF. After intravenous administration to the peripheral vein of the other leg of 100 ml of non-ionic lomeron 350 contrast (3 ml/s), axial CT images were obtained helically covering whole surface of AVF. Time delay was measured by Trigger function. Maximum Intensity Projections (MIP), 4D-Angio and virtual endoscopy (VE) techniques were used for reconstruction. MIP images demonstrated contrast-enhanced vascular structures and other high-density tissues (calcifications). VE enabled non-invasive simulation of endoscopic procedures and interactive intravascular navigation. Total number of 24 SCTA were performed. We found normal patency of AVF in 5 patients. In the remaining 14 subjects, the following abnormalities were found: stenosis of AVF at the site of anastomosis or in distal segment of efferent vein in 6 SCTA examinations, dilatation in 7 SCTA, acute or chronic thrombosis of AVF in 9 SCTA procedures including total occlusion of AVF in 2 cases. In 2 cases pseudoaneurysms of AVF were found. In 7 SCTA examinations more than one reason of AVFf was found. Photographs of every AVF complication are presented. We noted only one complication of SCTA-rupture of venous vessel on the opposite arm during contrast injection. There were no hypersensitivity reactions to the contrast.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Nefrologii ze Stacja Dializ Centralnego Szpitala Klinicznego WAM w Warszawie.
authors.forename: Przemysław
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wierzbicki
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zagrodzka
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prokopiuk
authors.forename: Grzegorz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kade
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maruszyński
authors.forename: Zofia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wańkowicz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods