title: Reproductive factors, glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genetic polymorphism and breast cancer risk.
abstract: We conducted a hospital-based case-control study to evaluate the interactive effect of reproductive factors and glutathione S-transferase (GST) M1 and T1 genetic polymorphisms in individual susceptibility to breast cancer. The study population consisted of 189 incident breast cancer cases and 189 age-matched controls with no known malignant diseases. GSTM1/T1 genotypes were determined by a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method, and odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated by conditional logistic regression model. The parity factors were grouped as (1) high-risk status defined as nullipara or para with experience of first full-term pregnancy (FFTP) at or over 30 years, and (2) low-risk status defined as para with experience of FFTP under 30 years. A significant multiplicative interaction was observed between GSTM1 and GSTT1 null genotypes and high-risk status of parity factor in all women and in premenopausal women (P < or = 0.01), but not in postmenopausal women (P > 0.05). The interaction between the combined genotypes of GSTM1 and GSTT1 and status of parity factor was also significant in all women and in premenopausal women (P < 0.01). Our findings suggest that genetic polymorphisms GSTM1/T1 could modify estrogen-related breast cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Konkuk University College of Medicine, Chungju, Korea.
authors.forename: Sue-Kyung
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Daehee
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Dong-Young
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.forename: Kyoung-Mu
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sook-Un
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Ji-Yeob
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: In-Mi
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Se-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Kuk-Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirvonen
authors.forename: Paul T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Strickland
authors.forename: Keun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002979:Climacteric / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D010298:Parity / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000235:genetics*; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase