title: An experimental study on the growth of condylar cartilage, using a new vascularized mandible heterotopic transplant model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the influence of external and dynamic factors on the growth of mandibular condyle, we developed vascularized mandible heterotopic transplant (VMHT) model. In this report, we discuss histologic changes in the mandibular condylar cartilage in the absence of external factors, using VMHT models.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty VMHT model using male Lewis rats aged 6 weeks were produced. Six VMHT rats were randomly selected for death at 1, 2, 4, 7, and 14 days after transplantation. We histologically investigated the mandibular condyles of the grafts and controls, the left mandibles of recipient rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the transplanted mandibular condyle of VMHT models, the cell arrangement became increasingly irregular with the passage of time, with a concomitant, irregular thickening or thinning of the cartilage layer. There was heterotopic fibrous ossification, extending horizontally under the proliferative cell layer in these regions of thin cartilage. After these events, cartilage cells had disappeared almost completely by 14 days after transplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicated that external and dynamic factors are not necessary for the differentiation and proliferation of the condylar cartilage cells. Instead, these factors affect the maintenance of the orderly growth of the cartilage cells and may serve a critical role in the differentiation of undifferentiated mesenchymal cells into chrondroblasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan. kajikawa@fmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kajikawa
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: Kiyonori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harii
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000098:blood supply / Q000637:transplantation*; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development*; D023421:Models, Animal; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew