title: Moderate antioxidant supplementation has no effect on biomarkers of oxidant damage in healthy men with low fruit and vegetable intakes.
abstract: The link between high fruit/vegetable intake and reduced chronic disease may be partly explained by antioxidant protection. To determine the effect of moderate antioxidant intake on biomarkers of oxidant damage, we assessed in vivo lipid and protein oxidation in 77 healthy men whose typical diet contained few fruits and vegetables (mean of 2.6 servings/d). The 39 nonsmokers and 38 smokers, age 20- 51 y, were given a daily supplement (272 mg vitamin C, 31 mg all-rac-alpha-tocopherol, and 400 micro g folic acid), or placebo, for 90 d with their usual diet. Blood and urine were taken at baseline and the end of the study for determination of lipid peroxidation products, including F(2)-total and 8-isoprostanes, and protein carbonyls. Urine thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) was the only oxidant damage marker that was significantly higher in smokers compared to nonsmokers (P < 0.05). Supplementation increased plasma ascorbate and tocopherol, but had no effect on the oxidant biomarkers. In healthy young men, the endogenous antioxidant defense system and a modest intake of dietary antioxidants are adequate to minimize levels of in vivo oxidant damage such that they cannot be differentiated by current methods.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Department of Agriculture/ARS Western Human Nutrition Research Center, University of California at Davis, 95616-8683, USA. rjacob@whnrc.usda.gov
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: Giovanna M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Aiello
authors.forename: Charles B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Stephensen
authors.forename: Jeffrey B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Blumberg
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Milbury
authors.forename: Lynn M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wallock
authors.forename: Bruce N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Ames
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000652:urine; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010919:Placebos; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D010919:Placebos; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D015237:Dinoprost; D001205:Ascorbic Acid