title: Intraprostatic ethanol chemoablation via transurethral and transperineal injection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To further assess the safety and feasibility of prostatic chemoablation with ethanol and to address previous concerns associated with transperineal injection using a canine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 25 dogs; normal saline or 98% dehydrated ethanol were injected into the prostate using both routes, at volumes of 25-50% of the total prostate volume. The prostate and adjacent structures were examined grossly and histopathologically after the dogs were killed humanely at 4 h, 7 days and 12 weeks after injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transperineal injection resulted in tissue necrosis in all prostates and significant extraprostatic necrosis in two of three animals treated. With transurethral injection, the control groups showed minimal change, whereas the group injected with ethanol resulted in lesions with variable necrosis and location.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraprostatic chemoablation is possible with ethanol injection both transperineally and transurethrally. Transperineal ethanol injections were associated with more extraprostatic necrosis. Transurethral injections resulted in larger amounts of necrosis in the prostatic parenchyma with minimal extraprostatic effects. However, the extent of prostatic necrosis/ablation was inconsistent and further research is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Vermont College of Medicine, VT, USA. mark.plante@uvm.edu
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Plante
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kliment
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kida
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zvara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012997:Solvents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol