The interleukin-1 polymorphism, smoking, and the risk of periodontal disease in the population-based SHIP study.
Several studies have shown a role for interleukin-1 gene cluster polymorphisms in the risk assessment for periodontal diseases. In the Study of Health in Pomerania (SHIP), 3148 subjects were randomly selected from the population and assessed for a broad range of diseases and environmental/behavioral risk factors. From the complete study group in the age 40 to 60 years, N = 1085 subjects were genotyped for the interleukin-1 genotype composite polymorphism in relation to periodontal parameters. The study objective was to elucidate the gene-environment interaction between the risk factors smoking and IL-1 polymorphism. An increased risk of periodontal disease was found for IL-1 genotype-positive smokers: odds ratio adjusted for age, sex, education, and plaque OR = 2.50 (95% C.I. 1.21 to 5.13; p = 0.013). This was not the case with subjects who never smoked: OR = 1.09 (0.73-1.62; p = 0.676). These results support the hypothesis of gene-environmental interaction in periodontitis.
Meisel
P
P
Department of Pharmacology, Ernst Moritz Arndt University, F-Loeffler-Str. 23d, D-17487 Greifswald, Germany. meiselp@uni-greifswald.de
Siegemund
A
A
Grimm
R
R
Herrmann
F H
FH
John
U
U
Schwahn
C
C
Kocher
T
T
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*
D007375:Interleukin-1