title: The homogeneity of heavy metal deposition on glass fibre filters collected using a high-volume sampler in the vicinity of an opencast chrome mine complex at Kemi, Northern Finland.
abstract: The homogeneity of heavy metal (Cr, Ni, Cu, Fe and Cd) distribution on glass fibre filters (Munktell MG 160, 203 x 254 mm, 75 g m(-2)) collected using a high-volume sampler (Wedding & Associates) at an opencast chrome mine complex at Kemi, Northern Finland was studied. The heavy metals in the total suspended particulate (TSP) material were analysed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The glass fibre filters were digested in a microwave oven using a mixture of aqua regia+HF acids. There was significant non-uniform distribution of heavy metals on glass fibre filters. The TSP material containing chromite was very difficult to dissolve by acid digestion. The results from X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF), and from energy filtering transmission electron microscope (EFTEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS), showed that insoluble residue left after microwave oven digestion with aqua regia+HF acids was probably partly due to chemical reactions occurring during microwave heating.
authors.affiliation: Meri-Lappi Institute, Centre for Environmental Technology, University of Oulu, Tietokatu 6, 94600, Kemi, Finland. risto.poykio@kemi.fi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pöykiö
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perämäki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rönkkömäki
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005374:Filtration; D005387:Finland; D005898:Glass; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D013057:Spectrum Analysis
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; C009753:fiberglass; D002857:Chromium