title: The PedsQL in type 1 and type 2 diabetes: reliability and validity of the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Generic Core Scales and type 1 Diabetes Module.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) is a modular instrument designed to measure health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents aged 2-18 years. The PedsQL 4.0 Generic Core Scales are child self-report and parent proxy-report scales developed as the generic core measure to be integrated with the PedsQL disease-specific modules. The PedsQL 3.0 Type 1 Diabetes Module was designed to measure diabetes-specific HRQOL.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PedsQL Generic Core Scales and Diabetes Module were administered to 300 pediatric patients with type 1 or type 2 diabetes and 308 parents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Internal consistency reliability for the PedsQL Generic Core Total Scale score (alpha = 0.88 child, 0.89 parent-report) and most Diabetes Module scales (average alpha = 0.71 child, 0.77 parent-report) was acceptable for group comparisons. The PedsQL 4.0 distinguished between healthy children and children with diabetes. The Diabetes Module demonstrated intercorrelations with dimensions of generic and diabetes-specific HRQOL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate the reliability and validity of the PedsQL in diabetes. The PedsQL may be used as an outcome measure for diabetes clinical trials and research.
authors.affiliation: Colleges of Architecture and Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-3137, USA. jvarni@archone.tamu.edu
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Varni
authors.forename: Tasha M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Burwinkle
authors.forename: Jenifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gottschalk
authors.forename: Francine
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000523:psychology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards