title: Distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes among HBV carriers in the Cote d'Ivoire: complete genome sequence and phylogenetic relatedness of HBV genotype E.
abstract: The characteristics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype E are not well known because only a few studies have been carried out by complete genome analysis. The aim of this study was to elucidate the distribution of HBV genotypes in Cote d'Ivoire, and to clarify the genotype-related characteristics of genotype E. The distribution of HBV genotypes among 48 HBV carriers in Cote d'Ivoire was determined using serological and genetic methods. The characteristics of genotype E were evaluated by complete genome sequences, and further investigations of small S gene, basic core promoter (BCP) mutation, and precore mutation were undertaken. HBV genotype distribution among the 48 carriers was 6.3% for genotype A, 6.3% for genotype D, and 87.4% for genotype E. Complete genomes of two genotype E strains were sequenced, and found to have 98.2% to 99.2% homology at the nucleotide level when compared with genotype E strains reported previously. In 24 genotype E carriers, the precore mutation was detected in 75% of the patients without HBeAg, in contrast to only 25% of the patients with HBeAg (P < 0.05). All 24 strains have T at nucleotide 1858 in the precore region. In contrast, BCP double mutation was detected in 17% of the patients with HBeAg, and 33% of the patients without HBeAg. These results indicated as the following: (1) genotypes A, D, and E of HBV exist in Cote d'Ivoire and genotype E is the most prevalent; (2) genotype E spread with low genetic diversity over the complete genome in West Africa; (3) HBV precore and/or BCP double variants were common among the patients with genotype E infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Molecular Informative Medicine, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Fuminaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sugauchi
authors.forename: Etsuro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Orito
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Sadakazu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Usuda
authors.forename: Liliane
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Siransy
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arita
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Namiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshihara
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Gohary
authors.forename: Ryuzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizokami
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D002353:Carrier State / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire / Q000453:epidemiology; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins