title: Laser therapy of freckles and lentigines with quasi-continuous, frequency-doubled, Nd:YAG (532 nm) laser in Fitzpatrick skin type IV: a 24-month follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Newly developed lasers produce excellent results with minimal complications compared with traditional treatments for freckles and lentigines.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and safety of the frequency-doubled Nd:YAG (532 nm) laser in the treatment of freckles and lentigines in type IV skin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty adult patients (14 with freckles and six with lentigines) were subjected to a variable number of treatments with a minimum 4-week interval until no additional improvement occurred or > 75% improvement was obvious. Patients manifesting > 50% improvement were followed up once every 3 months for 24 months. The rest were regarded as treatment failures and not followed up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen (80%) of 20. patients (freckles, n = 10; lentigines, n = 6) manifested more than 50% improvement. They were treat- irradiated between three and eight times with a 4-12-week interval. Complications included hypopigmentation (25%), mild textural changes (15%) and hyperpigmentation (10%). All these were mild and resolved within 2-6 months. Of 10 patients with freckles followed up for 24 months, four (40%) patients showed partial recurrence. However, all the patients maintained > 50% improvement. None of the patients with lentigines showed recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quasi-continuous, frequency-doubled Nd:Y AG (532 nm) laser safely and effectively treats freckles and lentigines in Fitzpatrick skin type IV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, King Edward Medical College/Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. dderma@paknet4.ptc.pk
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rashid
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haider
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Haroon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005148:Facial Dermatoses / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007911:Lentigo / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D008297:Male; D008548:Melanosis / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome