title: Biogeochemical evidence that thermophilic archaea mediate the anaerobic oxidation of methane.
abstract: Distributions and isotopic analyses of lipids from sediment cores at a hydrothermally active site in the Guaymas Basin with a steep sedimentary temperature gradient revealed the presence of archaea that oxidize methane anaerobically. The presence of strongly (13)C-depleted lipids at greater depths in the sediments suggests that microbes involved in anaerobic oxidation of methane are present and presumably active at environmental temperatures of >30 degrees C, indicating that this process can occur not only at cold seeps but also at hydrothermal sites. The distribution of the membrane tetraether lipids of the methanotrophic archaea shows that these organisms have adapted their membrane composition to these high environmental temperatures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Biogeochemistry and Toxicology, Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research, PO Box 59, 1790 AB Den Burg, Texel, The Netherlands. schouten@nioz.nl
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.forename: Stuart G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Wakeham
authors.forename: Ellen C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Hopmans
authors.forename: Jaap S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Sinninghe Damsté
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001105:Archaea / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002247:Carbon Isotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006358:Hot Temperature; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D008697:Methane