title: Quality control in the endoplasmic reticulum.
abstract: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has a quality-control system for 'proof-reading' newly synthesized proteins, so that only native conformers reach their final destinations. Non-native conformers and incompletely assembled oligomers are retained, and, if misfolded persistently, they are degraded. As a large fraction of ER-synthesized proteins fail to fold and mature properly, ER quality control is important for the fidelity of cellular functions. Here, we discuss recent progress in understanding the conformation-specific sorting of proteins at the level of ER retention and export.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH) Zürich, Hönggerberg, CH - 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ellgaard
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Helenius
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037281:Calnexin / Q000378:metabolism; D037282:Calreticulin / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017510:Protein Folding; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D037282:Calreticulin; D011506:Proteins; D037281:Calnexin