title: A potent novel anti-HIV protein from the cultured cyanobacterium Scytonema varium.
abstract: A new anti-HIV protein, scytovirin, was isolated from aqueous extracts of the cultured cyanobacterium Scytonema varium. The protein displayed potent anticytopathic activity against laboratory strains and primary isolates of HIV-1 with EC50 values ranging from 0.3 to 22 nM. Scytovirin binds to viral coat proteins gp120, gp160, and gp41 but not to cellular receptor CD4 or other tested proteins. This unique protein consists of a single 95-amino acid chain with significant internal sequence duplication and 10 cysteines forming five intrachain disulfide bonds.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Targets Discovery Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, Maryland 21702-1201, USA.
authors.forename: Heidi R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Bokesch
authors.forename: Barry R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: O'Keefe
authors.forename: Tawnya C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: McKee
authors.forename: Lewis K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Pannell
authors.forename: Gregory M L
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Roberta S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Gardella
authors.forename: Raymond C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Sowder
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Turpin
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Buckheit
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Boyd
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002648:Child; D002686:Chitin / Q000378:metabolism; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000737:chemistry; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000737:chemistry; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D037102:Lectins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011485:Protein Binding; D011817:Rabbits; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004220:Disulfides; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D037102:Lectins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C474342:scytovirin protein, S varium; D002686:Chitin