title: Inhibiting effects of low-molecular weight heparin and adrenocortical hormone on hemolysis of red cells in patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effects of low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and adrenocortical hormone (dexamethasone) on the hemolysis of red cells of patients with paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using Ham's test and micro-complement lysis sensitive test (mCLST), the changes in hemolysis of red cells from 6 typical PNH cases were examined after adding LMWH and dexamethasone in different concentrations into the test solution in vitro. The effects of LMWH and dexamethasone on the coagulation of the tested blood samples were also studied using the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both LMWH and dexamethasone inhibited the hemolysis of PNH red cells, and they also showed a synergistic effect. The inhibiting effects were dose-dependent. Moreover, a tolerable dose of LMWH induced a limited prolongation of APTT. Dexamethasone showed two possible mechanisms in the inhibition of PNH red cells hemolysis through Ham's test and mCLST, respectively: (1) inhibiting both antibodies binding to red cells and (2) the initiation of the activation of complement 3 (C3). LMWH could inhibit hemolysis as determined by both Ham's test and mCLST, which indicated that LMWH could block the activation of complement cascade.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both LMWH and dexamethasone could inhibit hemolysis in PNH, and they showed a synergistic effect. Their mechanisms of inhibiting hemolysis differed from each other. Furthermore, a tolerable dose of LMWH induced a limited prolongation of APTT. LMWH might be useful for controlling acute hemolysis in patients with PNH and reducing the dose of adrenocortical hormone.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Blood Disease Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300020, China.
authors.forename: Mingfeng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zonghong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Guangsheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Tianying
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006457:Hemoglobinuria, Paroxysmal / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time
chemical_list: D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D003907:Dexamethasone