title: Exercise training regulates SOD-1 and oxidative stress in porcine aortic endothelium.
abstract: Vascular oxidative stress contributes to endothelial dysfunction. Aerobic exercise training improves vascular function. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that exercise training would improve the balance of antioxidant to prooxidant enzymes and reduce markers of oxidative stress in aortic endothelial cells (AEC). Female Yucatan miniature pigs either remained sedentary (SED) or were exercise trained (EX) for 16-19 wk. EX pigs had increased AEC SOD-1 protein levels and Cu/Zn SOD activity of the whole aorta compared with SED pigs. Protein levels of other antioxidant enzymes (SOD-2, catalase) were not affected by exercise training. Protein levels of p67(phox), a subunit of the prooxidant enzyme NAD(P)H oxidase, were reduced in EX vs. SED AEC. These EX adaptations were associated with lower AEC malondialdehyde levels and decreased phosphorylation of ERK-1/2. Endothelial nitric oxide synthase protein, protein nitrotyrosine content, and heme oxygenase-1 protein were not different in EX vs. SED pigs. We conclude that chronic aerobic exercise training influenced both antioxidant and prooxidant enzymes and decreased indexes of oxidative stress in AEC. These adaptations may contribute to improved endothelial function with exercise training.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G. jwerush@uwaterloo.ca
authors.forename: James W E
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Rush
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Turk
authors.forename: M Harold
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Laughlin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001011:Aorta / Q000201:enzymology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000032:analysis; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016877:Oxidants; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C079789:neutrophil cytosol factor 67K; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases