title: Validation of the Welch Allyn 'Vital Signs' blood pressure measurement device in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the accuracy the Welch Allyn 'Vital Signs' blood pressure monitor in pregnancy and pre-eclampsia according to a modified British Hypertension Society protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maternity Unit/Obstetric Ward, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-three pregnant women of whom 12 had pre-eclampsia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine sequential same-arm measurements were taken from each woman by two trained observers, alternating between a mercury sphygmomanometer and the device. The last seven readings were analysed according to the British Hypertension Society protocol. The accuracy of the device was determined using the grading scale indicated by the British Hypertension Society protocol (grade A/B = pass, grade C/D = fail).
  
  
  METHODS
  Grading criteria of the British Hypertension Society Protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Welch Allyn 'Vital Signs' monitor achieved a grade A for both systolic and diastolic pressures in pregnant women who did not have pre-eclampsia. In those women with pre-eclampsia, it achieved a grade D and B for systolic and diastolic pressures, respectively. The mean differences between the observers and the device in women without pre-eclampsia were -2.6 (6.4) and -1.5 (7.2) mmHg for systolic and diastolic pressures [and in pre-eclamptic women -7.8 (6.3) and -5.5 (6.5)mmHg]. It therefore fulfils criteria set by the Association for the Advancement of Medical Instrumentation (mean <5 mmHg and standard deviation <8 mmHg) in pregnancy, but not in pre-eclampsia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first automated device suitable for robust clinical use that can be recommended for use in pregnancy. However, it should be borne in mind that-similar to other devices--it significantly under--recorded readings obtained in pre-eclamptic women.
authors.affiliation: Maternal and Fetal Research Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medicine, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reinders
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Cuckson
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Poet
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Shennan
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D015924:Blood Pressure Monitors / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity