title: Identification of the antibodies involved in B-cell crossmatch positivity in renal transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The significance of a positive B-cell crossmatch (BCM) in kidney transplantation has always been controversial in the evaluation of its implications on graft survival and specificity of the antibodies involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have investigated the sera of 62 recipients of a kidney allograft transplanted across a positive BCM (T negative) for the presence of autoantibodies and anti-human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I and II antibodies, using a combination of lymphocytotoxicity, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and flow cytometry tests. The controls were the 930 patients transplanted over the same period of time with a negative T and BCM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Autoantibodies were detected in 16%, and donor specific anti-HLA class II antibodies, mainly DQ, in 23% of the patients. None had antibodies against donor HLA class I. The target of the antibodies was not identified in 61%. Graft survival was comparable in the controls and in the +BCM patients, with nondonor-specific HLA reactivity. Patients with donor-specific anti-HLA class II antibodies had lower early graft survival and a higher incidence of vascular rejection. However, long-term allograft survival was similar to that of the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that in 77% of the patients, BCM positivity was not related with anti-HLA antibodies, and, in this case, graft survival was similar to that of the -BCM controls. In a minority of patients, anti-HLA class II antibodies were responsible for the +BCM, and their presence was associated with lower early, but not long-term, graft survival. Consequently, a +BCM should not systematically contraindicate kidney transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Histocompatibilité, Etablissement de Transfusion Sanguine, Nantes, France.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Le Bas-Bernardet
authors.forename: Maryvonne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hourmant
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Valentin
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Paitier
authors.forename: Magali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giral-Classe
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Curry
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Follea
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Soulillou
authors.forename: Jean-Denis
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bignon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000939:Epitopes; D005260:Female; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000276:immunology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D000939:Epitopes; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II