title: Molecular cloning and expression analysis of dystroglycan during Xenopus laevis embryogenesis.
abstract: Dystroglycan is a transmembrane receptor protein that provides a structural linkage between extracellular matrix components and cytoskeletal proteins. It was originally characterized as a member of dystrophin associated protein complex in muscle but, unlike other proteins of this complex, mutations in the dystroglycan gene have not been implicated as a cause of muscular dystrophies. Indeed, dystroglycan is an essential gene, expressed early in development that, if removed in knockout mice, provokes lethal defects before the onset of myogenesis. Dystroglycan is synthesized as a precursor propeptide that is post-translationally cleaved and glycosylated to yield alpha and beta subunits. We have cloned and characterized a cDNA clone, containing the complete coding region of the dystroglycan precursor, from a Xenopus laevis cDNA library. We have performed a spatial and temporal analysis of its expression in X. laevis embryos, using whole-mount in situ hybridization and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. Early expression of dystroglycan in a variety of tissues of different embryological derivation suggests a crucial role in morphogenetic events, especially during central nervous system differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Biochimica, Sezione di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, University of Pisa, Via G. Carducci 13, Ghezzano, Pisa 56010, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lunardi
authors.forename: Luciana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dente
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004027:Diencephalon / Q000378:metabolism; D049030:Dystroglycans; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013687:Telencephalon / Q000378:metabolism; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D049030:Dystroglycans