title: Bone mineral density of the mandible in ovariectomized rats: analyses using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry and peripheral quantitative computed tomography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although previous studies have shown that maxillary molar extraction in ovariectomized (OVX) animals causes mandibular loss of bone, it is still questionable as to whether estrogen deficiency affects mandibles with functional occlusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  To answer this question, 13-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were bilaterally OVX or sham-operated. After 109 days, the bone mineral density (BMD) of the femurs and mandibles was measured using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) and peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In DEXA analysis, although the BMD of the total mandible of the OVX rats was similar to that of the sham-operated rats, the BMD of the condylar region in the OVX rats had decreased by 12.5%. In pQCT analysis, decrease in trabecular BMD of the mandibular bone was detectable but low in the molar region (maximal 13%), whereas no difference was seen in cortical BMD. In the femurs, the trabecular bone prominently decreased in OVX rats (30% decrease in pQCT analysis) as previously reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study revealed regional differences in the mandibular bone decrease in OVX rats. Although the mechanism of low susceptibility of the mandible to estrogen-deficient conditions remains unknown, it is likely that mechanical stress derived from functional occlusion is preventing bone loss in this pathological condition. Furthermore, this study demonstrated the advantage of pQCT in analyzing rat mandibular bone.
authors.affiliation: Masticatory Function Control, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. skuroda.mfc@tmd.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mukohyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohyama
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasugai
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010053:Ovary / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed