title: Carbohydrate-derived chlorinated compounds in ECF bleaching of hardwood pulps: formation, degradation, and contribution to AOX in a bleached kraft pulp mill.
abstract: Five monochlorinated compounds derived from glucuronoxylan were identified in the liquid process streams of a kraft pulp mill producing hardwood pulp with ECF bleaching, representing ca. 15-20% of the AOX of the bleaching filtrates. The environmental risk of such compounds is negligible because a major fraction (70-80%) is degraded during effluent mixing and neutralization, and about 20-30% is degraded during the biological treatment of the mixed effluent. Only less than 3.5% (0.009-0.017 kg/ tAD) of the compounds formed in the bleaching leave the mill in the final effluent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistrym University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
authors.forename: Carmen S R
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Freire
authors.forename: Armando J D
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Silvestre
authors.forename: Carlos Pascoal
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Neto
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D005544:Forecasting; D007220:Industrial Waste; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014934:Wood; D014990:Xylans / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D014990:Xylans; C038910:glucuronoxylan