title: Pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin administered i.v. as Myocet (TLC D-99; liposome-encapsulated doxorubicin citrate) compared with conventional doxorubicin when given in combination with cyclophosphamide in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
abstract: Myocet (TLC D-99) is a liposomal formulation of the anti-neoplastic drug doxorubicin with an improved therapeutic index compared with conventional doxorubicin. The objective of this study was to assess the plasma disposition of doxorubicin when administered i.v. as TLC D-99 and to compare this to conventional drug. Metabolite (doxorubicinol) plasma levels were also quantitated in both treatment groups. Plasma was collected during the first course of treatment from 10 patients receiving TLC D-99 60 mg/m and 10 receiving conventional doxorubicin 60 mg/m2, each with cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2. Samples were assayed for total doxorubicin (all doxorubicin regardless of whether it is encapsulated or not), encapsulated doxorubicin (TLC D-99 group only) and doxorubicinol using high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasma concentrations of total doxorubicin were higher in patients receiving TLC D-99 than in patients receiving conventional doxorubicin. The clearance of total doxorubicin after administration of TLC D-99 was lower (approximately 9-fold) and the volume of distribution at steady state was less (25-fold) than that of doxorubicin after conventional drug. Doxorubicinol was detected in the plasma of all patients in both treatment groups. The mean AUC(0-infinity) of doxorubicinol for patients receiving TLC D-99 (1.5+/-0.4 M x h) was not statistically different than that in patients receiving conventional doxorubicin (1.8+/-0.4 M x h), although the appearance of the peak doxorubicinol concentration occurred later and was lower in patients receiving TLC D-99. There was a correlation between the plasma AUC(0-infinity) of total doxorubicin and the degree of myelosuppression in patients receiving conventional doxorubicin, but this correlation was not found in patients receiving TLC D-99.
authors.affiliation: Elan Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA. christine.swenson@elan.com
authors.forename: Christine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Swenson
authors.forename: Lois E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Bolcsak
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Batist
authors.forename: Troy H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Guthrie
authors.forename: Katherine H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Tkaczuk
authors.forename: Harold
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boxenbaum
authors.forename: Lauri
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Welles
authors.forename: Shein-Chung
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: Rupinder
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhamra
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaikin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008081:Liposomes; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis
chemical_list: D008081:Liposomes; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; C010013:adriamycinol