title: Aortic arch origin of the left external carotid artery and type II proatlantal fetal anastomosis.
abstract: This case report demonstrates a rare vascular pattern of a left external carotid artery (ECA) that arises directly from the aortic arch (AA), along with a type II proatlantal-vertebral artery anastomosis. Our research shows no report of an ECA arising from the AA. This, in association with a type II proatlantal anastomosis, is interesting because of its apparent rarity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery and Radiology, Presbyterian Hospital, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: Surendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bansal
authors.forename: Kush
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dastur
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002342:Carotid Artery, External / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001270:Cervical Atlas / Q000098:blood supply; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D014715:Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*