title: Comparison of once-daily, niacin extended-release/lovastatin with standard doses of atorvastatin and simvastatin (the ADvicor Versus Other Cholesterol-Modulating Agents Trial Evaluation [ADVOCATE]).
abstract: This study compared the relative efficacy of a once-daily niacin extended-release (ER)/lovastatin fixed-dose combination with standard doses of atorvastatin or simvastatin, with a special emphasis on relative starting doses. Subjects (n = 315) with elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol blood levels (defined as LDL cholesterol blood levels > or =160 mg/dl without coronary artery disease, or > or =130 mg/dl if coronary artery disease was present, and HDL cholesterol <45 mg/dl in men and <50 mg/dl in women) were randomized to atorvastatin, simvastatin, or niacin ER/lovastatin for 16 weeks. The primary efficacy variables were the mean percent change in LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol levels from baseline. After 8 weeks, the starting dose niacin ER/lovastatin 1,000/40 mg and the 10-mg starting dose atorvastatin both lowered mean LDL cholesterol by 38%. After 12 weeks, niacin ER/lovastatin 1,000/40 mg lowered LDL cholesterol by 42% versus 34% with the 20-mg starting dose of simvastatin (p <0.001). Niacin ER/lovastatin increased HDL cholesterol significantly more than atorvastatin or simvastatin at all compared doses (p <0.001). Niacin ER/lovastatin also provided significant improvements in triglycerides, lipoprotein(a), apolipoprotein A-1, apolipoprotein B, and HDL subfractions. A total of 6% of study subjects receiving niacin ER/lovastatin withdrew because of flushing. No significant differences were seen among study groups in discontinuance due to elevated liver enzymes. No drug-induced myopathy was observed. Niacin ER/lovastatin was comparable to atorvastatin 10 mg and more effective than simvastatin 20 mg in reducing LDL cholesterol, was more effective in increasing HDL cholesterol than either atorvastatin or simvastatin, and provided greater global improvements in non-HDL cholesterol, triglycerides, and lipoprotein(a).
authors.affiliation: Louisville Metabolic and Atherosclerosis Research Center, Louisville, Kentucky 40213, USA.
authors.forename: Harold E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Bays
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dujovne
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: McGovern
authors.forename: T Eric
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Moti L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kashyap
authors.forename: A Gene
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Hutcheson
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Crouse
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008148:Lovastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009525:Niacin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006538:Heptanoic Acids; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D011758:Pyrroles; C451780:lovastatin-niacin combination; D009525:Niacin; D008148:Lovastatin; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D019821:Simvastatin