title: Role of kappa opioid receptor in cardioprotection of preconditioning: implications in cardiac surgery.
abstract: Kappa-opioid receptor mediates both immediate and delayed cardioprotection of ischemic/metabolic inhibition preconditioning. Both PKC and mitochondria ATP-sensitive K+ channel, mediate the protective action of kappa-opioid receptor stimulation. In delayed cardioprotection, PKC-epsilon may produce its effect via mitochondria ATP-sensitive K+ channel, and a stress inducible heat stress protein 70 may also be involved. Metabolic inhibition causes cell death which is accompanied by Ca2+ overload and mobilization of Ca2+ from sarcoplasmic reticulum to cytoplasm. The altered Ca2+ homeostasis is restored partially by kappa-opioid receptor or metabolic inhibition preconditioning. The finding indicates that opioids such as morphine may be used in the treatment of ischemic heart diseases and in open heart surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Institute of Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China. wongtakm@hkucc.hku.hk
authors.forename: Tak Ming
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D009020:Morphine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000628:therapy; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D017473:Receptors, Opioid, kappa; D009020:Morphine; D002118:Calcium