Water safety plans for small systems: a model for applying HACCP concepts for cost-effective monitoring in developing countries.
The development of water safety plans (WSPs) for small systems should be based on a thorough understanding of the relationships between risk factors and contamination events. This can be achieved through the use of well-designed assessments of water quality that provide better evidence to support the identification of control measures, performance limits, monitoring parameters and verification procedures. Training of community operators is critical to the success of the WSP and the understanding gained from the assessments provides a sound basis for addressing these needs. The WSP approach provides for more effective control of water quality and the use of targeted assessments is cost-effective in improving the design of WSPs.
Howard
G
G
WEDC, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK. A.G.Howard@lboro.ac.uk
D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003906:Developing Countries; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011361:Professional Competence; D011786:Quality Control; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012449:Safety; D014881:Water Supply / Q000592:standards*