title: The use of lidocaine for fetocide in late termination of pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the use of lidocaine (1%) to induce permanent fetal cardiac asystole for fetocide in late termination of pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  One tertiary referral fetal medicine unit in France.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients undergoing termination of pregnancy between 20 and 36 weeks of gestation for severe abnormalities or severe maternal conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fetocide was performed by umbilical vein puncture under ultrasound guidance with injection of sufentanil (5 microg) followed by 7 to 30 mL of lidocaine (1%).
  
  
  METHODS
  Percentage of successful procedures to obtain permanent fetal cardiac asystole and maternal side effects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The procedure was successful in 92% of cases (46/50) with complete cessation of heart activity. The mean amount of lidocaine was 15.3 (6.5) mL. In three cases, fetocide was performed by cardiocentesis and in one case lidocaine was unsuccessful and fetocide was performed with KCl. There were no maternal side effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lidocaine is an effective drug to perform fetocide with doses below the toxic dose for the mother.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetric and Gynecology, CHI, Poissy, France.
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Senat
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ville
mesh_terms: D000021:Abortifacient Agents, Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D000328:Adult; D000577:Amides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D017409:Sufentanil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014471:Umbilical Veins
chemical_list: D000021:Abortifacient Agents, Steroidal; D000577:Amides; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D015735:Mifepristone; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D008012:Lidocaine; D017409:Sufentanil