title: Delivery of radiofrequency energy to the lower oesophageal sphincter and gastric cardia inhibits transient lower oesophageal sphincter relaxations and gastro-oesophageal reflux in patients with reflux disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radiofrequency energy (RFe) treatment to the lower oesophageal sphincter (LOS) and gastric cardia is a new luminally delivered therapy proposed as an alternative treatment for gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD). However, it is unclear how RFe achieves its antireflux effect. This study investigated the effects of RFe on mechanisms of spontaneous reflux in patients with GORD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with GORD underwent endoscopy, symptom evaluation, and combined postprandial oesophageal manometry and pH monitoring before and six months after RFe, and 24 hour ambulatory pH monitoring before and at six and 12 months after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RFe reduced the rate of postprandial transient LOS relaxations from 6.8 (5.7-8.1) (median (interquartile range) per hour to 5.2 (4.2-5.8) per hour (p<0.01), and increased mean basal LOS pressure from 5.2 (SEM 0.3) mm Hg to 8.0 (SEM 0.4) mm Hg (p<0.01). The number of reflux events was reduced from 10 (2-15.3)/3 hours to 5 (3.5-8.5)/3 hours (p<0.05) and there was an associated significant reduction in acid exposure time from 5.4% (0.4-14.7) to 3.9% (0.4-6.6) (p<0.05). RFe significantly reduced ambulatory oesophageal acid exposure from 10.6% (7.8-13.0) to 6.8% (3.1-9.1) (p<0.01) at six months and 6.3% (4.7-10.9) (p<0.05) at 12 months. All patients required acid suppressant medication for symptom control before RFe. Six months after treatment, 15 patients (75%) were in symptomatic remission and 13 (65%) at 12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RFe has significant effects on LOS function that are associated with improvement in the antireflux barrier. Uncontrolled clinical data also suggest a beneficial effect in the control of reflux symptoms in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
authors.forename: W C E
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Schoeman
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rigda
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Utley
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Holloway
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000863:Antacids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002299:Cardia / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory; D009126:Muscle Relaxation; D019518:Postprandial Period; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000863:Antacids