title: Serum S 100 B: a marker of brain damage in traumatic brain injury with and without multiple trauma.
abstract: This prospective clinical study was conducted to determine whether S 100 B is a reliable serum marker for traumatic brain injury (TBI) with and without multiple trauma. Fifty-five trauma patients (Injury Severity Score [ISS] > or = 24 and Glasgow Coma Score [GCS] < or = 8) were classified by radiography, computer tomography, ultrasound, and neurology as TBI without multiple trauma (n = 23), TBI with multiple trauma (n = 23), or multiple trauma without TBI (n = 9). S 100 B was measured initially after trauma and daily for a maximum of 21 days. Both survivors and nonsurvivors had markedly increased S 100 B initially. All survivors returned to normal or moderately increased S 100 B levels within the first 48 h after trauma. In contrast, all nonsurvivors of isolated TBI had S 100 B values that either increased consistently or dropped and then increased again 48 h after the initial increase after trauma. There was no relationship between localization, extent, or severity of TBI and S 100 B. According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis and calculation of the area under the curve (AUC), S 100 B is equally accurate for mortality prediction at 24, 48, and 72 h after trauma and is most accurate >84 h after trauma. Sensitivity/specificity for mortality prediction are more accurate in TBI without multiple trauma (AUC 0.802-0.971) than in TBI with multiple trauma (AUC 0.693-0.783). Thus, though S 100 B may be a reliable marker of brain damage in TBI without multiple trauma 24 h after trauma and thereafter, it appears to be less reliable in TBI with multiple trauma.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Research Center for Traumatology of the Austrian Workers' Compensation Board, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Linda E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Pelinka
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toegel
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Mauritz
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Redl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000097:blood* / Q000401:mortality; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins