title: Photocrosslinked hyaluronic acid hydrogels: natural, biodegradable tissue engineering scaffolds.
abstract: Ideally, rationally designed tissue engineering scaffolds promote natural wound healing and regeneration. Therefore, we sought to synthesize a biomimetic hydrogel specifically designed to promote tissue repair and chose hyaluronic acid (HA; also called hyaluronan) as our initial material. Hyaluronic acid is a naturally occurring polymer associated with various cellular processes involved in wound healing, such as angiogenesis. Hyaluronic acid also presents unique advantages: it is easy to produce and modify, hydrophilic and nonadhesive, and naturally biodegradable. We prepared a range of glycidyl methacrylate-HA (GMHA) conjugates, which were subsequently photopolymerized to form crosslinked GMHA hydrogels. A range of hydrogel degradation rates was achieved as well as a corresponding, modest range of material properties (e.g., swelling, mesh size). Increased amounts of conjugated methacrylate groups corresponded with increased crosslink densities and decreased degradation rates and yet had an insignificant effect on human aortic endothelial cell cytocompatibility and proliferation. Rat subcutaneous implants of the GMHA hydrogels showed good biocompatibility, little inflammatory response, and similar levels of vascularization at the implant edge compared with those of fibrin positive controls. Therefore, these novel GMHA hydrogels are suitable for modification with adhesive peptide sequences (e.g., RGD) and use in a variety of wound-healing applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Jennie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baier Leach
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Bivens
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Patrick
authors.forename: Christine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002477:Cells; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000209:etiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000209:etiology; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000209:etiology; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D020100:Hydrogels; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid