Student understanding of the relationship between the health professions and the pharmaceutical industry.
BACKGROUND
Pharmaceutical sales representatives and direct-to-consumer advertising may influence physician practices, particularly prescribing. Identifying the relevant knowledge and attitudes students possess about the pharmaceutical industry may help professional curricula address these influences.


OBJECTIVE
To assess knowledge and attitudes toward pharmaceutical industry marketing, ethical principles guiding drug company interactions, pharmaceutical sales representatives as a source of drug information, and confidence level in addressing consumers seeking a prescription from a direct-to-consumer advertisement among senior-level medical, PharmD, and nurse practitioner students.


METHODS
A cross-sectional survey design was used to assess student knowledge and attitudes of four domains associated with the pharmaceutical industry.


RESULTS
Significant deficiencies were noted in student knowledge of pharmaceutical marketing expenditures, professional ethics regarding interactions with drug companies, and accuracy of drug information from sales representatives.


CONCLUSIONS
Health professional students' knowledge and attitudes toward the pharmaceutical industry are formed prior to graduation. Professional curricula must address the influences of sales representatives before postgraduate training.
Monaghan
Michael S
MS
School of Pharmacy and Health Professions, School of Medicine, Center for Practice Improvement and Outcomes Research, Creighton University, Omaha, Nebraska, USA. msmonagh@creighton.edu
Galt
Kimberly A
KA
Turner
Paul D
PD
Houghton
Bruce L
BL
Rich
Eugene C
EC
Markert
Ronald J
RJ
Bergman-Evans
Brenda
B
D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D016265:Conflict of Interest; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003657:Decision Making / Q000941:ethics; D004345:Drug Industry; D004992:Ethics, Medical / Q000193:education; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D040541:Marketing / Q000379:methods; D010358:Patient Participation; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000941:ethics; D013336:Students, Health Occupations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States