title: The significance of prostate-specific antigen alpha-1-antichymotrypsin complex and its indices for the detection of prostate cancer.
abstract: We examined the usefulness of prostate specific antigen alph-1-antichymotrypsin complex (PSA-ACT) and its indices for the detection of prostate cancer in patients with a prostate specific antigen (PSA) level between 2.1 and 10.0 ng/ml. Between July 1999 and October 2001, 151 patients with a PSA level between 2.1 and 10.0 ng/ml underwent a systematic biopsy under transrectal ultrasound (TRUS) guidance. The clinical values of total PSA, PSA-ACT, PSA density (PSAD), PSA-ACT density (PSA-ACTD), PSA transition zone density (PSATZD) and PSA-ACT transition zone density (PSA-ACTTZD) for the detection of prostate cancer were compared by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Of the 151 patients, 36 (23.8%) were histologically confirmed as having prostate cancer. The differences between patients with prostate cancer and benign prostatic disease were significant with respect to the PSA and PSA-ACT related parameters examined in this study. According to ROC curve analysis, the area under the curve (AUC) of PSA-ACTTZD was the greatest of all the parameters. The differences was significant between the AUC of PSA-ACTTZD and total PSA (p < 0.05). The cutoff value of PSA-ACTTZD with 0.20 ng/ml2 showed the highest sum of sensivitity (90%) and specificity (55%). Also, in 86 patients with a PSA level between 2.1 and 6.0 ng/ml, the AUC of PSA-ACTTZD was the greatest of all the parameters. Measuring the level of PSA-ACT and its indices may provide a better differentiation of prostate cancer and benign prostatic disease than total PSA alone in patients with intermediate PSA levels. PSA-ACTTZD is the most useful indicator among PSA-ACT and its volume indices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hyogo Prefectural Awaji Hospital.
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Yoshizumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takechi
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chikahira
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019540:Area Under Curve; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000514:alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D000514:alpha 1-Antichymotrypsin; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen