title: Integration of a transposon into the Gli3 gene in the Pdn mouse.
abstract: The phenotype of the genetic polydactyly/ arhinencephaly mouse (Pdn/Pdn) is similar to Greig cephalopolysyndactyly syndrome (GCPS), whose responsible gene is GLI3. Suppression of Gli3 gene expression has been observed in the Pdn/Pdn and integration of retrotransposon in Gli3 gene in the Pdn mouse has been reported. Thus, the responsible gene for Pdn/Pdn is thought to be Gli3, but the site of mutation within the gene has not been demarcated. In the present study, we demonstrated that 5442 bp of early retrotransposon was inserted into intron 3 of Gli3 gene in the Pdn mouse (Gli3 (Pdn) ). This transposon had almost the same sequence as MMY17106 (EMBL). It had 317-bp long terminal repeat at both ends followed by the identical 6-bp target duplication sequence, GAGACT. Forward and reverse PCR primers were constructed in intron 3 near the insertion point, and a forward primer in the transposon was also constructed. These primers allowed us to discriminate +/+, Pdn/+ and Pdn/Pdn embryos by the PCR products. Morphological determination of the genotypes in the Pdn mouse embryos is impossible before day 12 of gestation. Quick discrimination method of genotypes developed in the present study allows us to investigate the early dysmorphogenetic mechanisms in the brain and limbs in the Pdn/Pdn embryos. Then, the dysmorphogenetic mechanisms in the Pdn/Pdn may be extrapolated to those in GCPS.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Science, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ueta
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nanba
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Naruse
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017931:DNA Primers; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D030561:Databases, Nucleic Acid; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D000074290:Zinc Finger Protein Gli3
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C465571:Gli3 protein, mouse; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000074290:Zinc Finger Protein Gli3