title: Butyrivibrio hungatei sp. nov. and Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans sp. nov., butyrate-producing bacteria from the rumen.
abstract: Two novel Gram-negative, anaerobic, non-spore-forming, butyrate-producing bacterial species, strains Mz 5T and JK 615T, were isolated from the rumen fluid of cow and sheep. Both strains were curved rods that were motile by means of single polar or subpolar flagellum and common in the rumen microbial ecosystem. Strain Mz 5T produced high xylanase, proteinase, pectin hydrolase and DNase activities; 1,4-beta-endoglucanase was also detected in the culture medium. The bacterium utilized a wide range of carbohydrates. Glucose was fermented to formate, butyrate, lactate, succinate and ethanol. The DNA G + C content was 42.1 mol%. The complete 16S rDNA sequence was obtained and phylogenetic relationships were determined. Strain Mz 5T and related isolates were located in clostridial cluster XIVa and were closely related to Pseudobutyrivibrio ruminis, Butyrivibrio crossotus, Roseburia cecicola and Eubacterium rectale. The name proposed for this novel bacterium is Pseudobutyrivibrio xylanivorans; the type strain is Mz 5T (=DSM 14809T =ATCC BAA-455T). Strain JK 615T produced no fibrolytic activity, but utilized a wide range of carbohydrates. Glucose was fermented to formate, acetate, butyrate and ethanol. The DNA G + C content was 44-8 mol%. The complete 16S rDNA sequence was obtained and phylogenetic relationships were determined. Strain JK 615T was located in clostridial cluster XIVa and was closely related to Clostridium proteoclasticum, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and Eubacterium halii. The name proposed for this novel bacterium is Butyrivibrio hungatei; the type strain is JK 615T (=DSM 14810T =ATCC BAA-456T).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Přátelství 560, 104 00, Prague 10, Uhříněves, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kopečný
authors.affiliation: University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Zootechnical Dept, Domžale, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Maša
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zorec
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Přátelství 560, 104 00, Prague 10, Uhříněves, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jakub
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mrázek
authors.affiliation: Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Agriculture, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.affiliation: University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Zootechnical Dept, Domžale, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Romana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marinšek-Logar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001482:Base Composition; D001483:Base Sequence; D002087:Butyrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005285:Fermentation; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D016965:Gram-Negative Anaerobic Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S