title: The magnitude and cost of global blindness: an increasing problem that can be alleviated.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the potential effect on global economic productivity of successful interventions, that are planned as part of the "VISION 2020-right to sight" initiative. The initiative aims to eliminate avoidable blindness.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study used economic and epidemiologic modeling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Existing data and assumptions about blindness prevalence, national populations, gross domestic product (GDP) per capita, labor force participation, and unemployment rates were used to project the economic productivity loss associated with unaccommodated blindness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Without extra interventions, the global number of blind individuals would increase from 44 million in the year 2000 to 76 million in 2020. A successful VISION 2020 initiative would result in only 24 million blind in 2020 and lead to 429 million blind person-years avoided. A conservative estimate of the economic gain is $102 billion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The VISION 2020 initiative has the potential to increase global economic productivity.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. kfrick@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: Kevin D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Frick
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001766:Blindness / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017281:Cost of Illness; D019049:Developed Countries; D003906:Developing Countries; D004467:Economics; D014943:Global Health; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D018803:Models, Economic; D015995:Prevalence