Hepatic lipase and dyslipidemia: interactions among genetic variants, obesity, gender, and diet.
Hepatic lipase (HL) plays a central role in LDL and HDL remodeling. High HL activity is associated with small, dense LDL particles and with reduced HDL2 cholesterol levels. HL activity is determined by an HL gene promoter polymorphism, by gender (lower in premenopausal women), and by visceral obesity with insulin resistance. The activity is affected by dietary fat intake and selected medications. There is evidence for an interaction of the HL promoter polymorphism with visceral obesity, dietary fat intake, and with lipid-lowering medications in determining the level of HL activity. The dyslipidemia with high HL activity is a potentially proatherogenic lipoprotein profile in the metabolic syndrome, in Type 2 diabetes, and in familial combined hyperlipidemia.
Deeb
Samir S
SS
Divisions of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. sdeeb@u.washington.edu
Zambon
Alberto
A
Carr
Molly C
MC
Ayyobi
Amir F
AF
Brunzell
John D
JD
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D006950:Hyperlipidemia, Familial Combined / Q000235:genetics; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D008049:Lipase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012737:Sex Factors
D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008049:Lipase