title: Novel bacterial ratio for predicting faecal age.
abstract: This study presents an extension of ongoing research into the utility of the ratio of colonies isolated on membrane filters during the total coliform test using m-Endo broth media. Investigations into the relative shifts in concentrations of indicator bacterial populations over time, in laboratory-based survival studies conducted with filtered river water, were undertaken. Also, analysis of Kentucky River water quality data collected from the inlet of a local water treatment plant was carried out. Survival studies found that the ratio between the raw concentrations of atypical colonies (AC) and total coliform colonies (TC) was directly related to the amount of time coliform spiked river water had been held in open jars in the laboratory. The AC/TC ratio in the jars would rise from < 1 at the time of coliform spiking to > 200 within 4d. The rise in AC/TC ratio with time in river water was confirmed in the analysis of two years of Kentucky River water quality data where the average AC/TC ratio during months with high river flow (rain) was 3.37 and rose to an average of 27.58 during months with low flow. The average AC/TC ratio during high flow months compared to that of raw human sewage (3.9) and the ratio increased to values associated with animal impacted urban runoff (18.9) during low flow months.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Civil Engineering, University of Kentucky, 161 Raymond Bldg., Lexington, KY 40506-0281, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nieman
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Brion
mesh_terms: D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011891:Rain; D012621:Seasons; D013997:Time Factors; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014872:Water Movements; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial