title: Bispectral index-derived facial electromyography-guided fentanyl titration in the opiate-exposed patient.
abstract: A 34-yr-old man, possibly opiate tolerant, underwent the second part of a scoliosis repair. We describe a narcotic titration protocol by using facial electromyography data derived from the bispectral index monitor that resulted in a good clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, St. Vincents Catholic Medical Center-St. Vincent's Manhattan, New York, New York.
authors.forename: Donald M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.forename: Karthic R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Kumaran
authors.forename: George G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Neuman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects*; D004576:Electromyography / Q000187:drug effects*; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000187:drug effects*; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D005283:Fentanyl