title: Reinforcing gastric staple-lines with bovine pericardial strips may decrease the likelihood of gastric leak after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Staple-line leakage is a potentially devastating complication of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP). Bovine pericardial strips (BPS) have been used to reinforce staple-lines in pulmonary resections and have been shown to decrease air-leaks. This study examined the use of BPS to decrease gastric staple-line leaks.
  
  
  METHODS
  250 consecutive patients undergoing laparoscopic RYGBP had BPS used for the gastric pouch. Ease of use, operative complications, and visual bleeding were recorded. In addition, the postoperative leak rate was compared to 100 consecutive patients operated on prior to the study when BPS was not used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient characteristics were the same for both groups and comparable with most published data. With the use of BPS, there were no operative complications and no meaningful increase in operating time. BPS reinforced staple-lines had no visual bleeding. In the 100 cases without BPS, there were 2 staple-line leaks (2%) both of which required emergency exploration. One additional patient was subsequently found to have a gastrogastric fistula. In the 250 patients who had BPS-reinforced staple-lines, there were no acute leaks. Three patients were subsequently found to have gastrogastric fistula. None required emergency surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this non-randomized trial, BPS were found to be easy and safe to use. In addition, staple-line hemorrhage was essentially non-existent. Although the reduction in gastric staple-line leak rate may also be attributed to learning curve, there were no acute leaks in 250 patients with BPS, which is below the published norms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Obesity Consult Center, Centerfor Minimally Invasive Obesity Surgery Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA. sshikora@lifespan.org
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Shikora
authors.forename: Julie J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Tarnoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000713:Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005747:Gastric Fistula / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery; D010496:Pericardium / Q000637:transplantation*; D017792:Surgical Stapling