title: In vitro testing of xylitol as an anticariogenic agent.
abstract: A number of studies involving xylitol chewing gum have demonstrated that xylitol is both noncariogenic and anticariogenic. The ability of xylitol to act as an anticariogenic agent most likely is due to its ability to be transported into caries-causing oral bacteria and inhibiting fermentation either by depleting the cell of high-energy phosphate or by poisoning the glycolytic system. In vitro tests were conducted to determine the concentration of xylitol required to inhibit the growth of three strains of oral streptococcus (S. mutans, S. salivarius, and S. sanguis). All three strains were inhibited significantly at xylitol concentrations of 12.5% and higher; however, only S. mutans was inhibited significantly at a xylitol concentration of 1.56%.
authors.affiliation: Indiana University, Indianapolis, USA.
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sahni
authors.forename: M Jane
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: Ronald W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Botto
authors.forename: Allen S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Otsuka
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002638:Chewing Gum; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D006019:Glycolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013298:Streptococcus sanguis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014993:Xylitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D002638:Chewing Gum; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D014993:Xylitol