title: Renal medullary carcinoma: a report of 2 cases and review of the literature.
abstract: Renal medullary carcinoma is a recently described aggressive neoplasm of the kidney. With the exception of 2 patients, all other reported cases have been associated with sickle cell hemoglobinopathies, mainly sickle cell trait and hemoglobin SC disease. Renal medullary carcinoma is a highly malignant tumor with evidence of angiolymphatic and distant metastasis at the time of diagnosis. No specific genetic abnormality has been identified in this neoplasm despite its close association with a genetic disease. We describe 2 cases of renal medullary carcinoma, one associated with hemoglobin SC disease, and the other with what we believe to be the first reported case associated with sickle cell disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
authors.forename: Haytham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dimashkieh
authors.forename: Jong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Choe
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mutema
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006450:Hemoglobin SC Disease / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D012805:Sickle Cell Trait / Q000150:complications