title: Induction of ATP-binding cassette A1 by all-trans retinoic acid: possible role of liver X receptor-alpha.
abstract: ATP binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) is involved in the lipid metabolism of macrophages and has been suggested to play an important role in the development of foam cells and in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. We have investigated the effects of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) on the mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1 in THP-1 cells. Our results show that both mRNA and protein levels of ABCA1 were significantly increased upon treatment with atRA. Since ABCA1 is highly regulated by liver X receptor (LXR) we also analysed the mRNA and protein expressions of LXR-alpha and LXR-beta in the THP-1 cells after treatment with atRA. Also the levels of LXR-alpha were increased by atRA. In conclusion, our results show that LXR-alpha and ABCA1 are simultaneously induced by atRA. The results also imply that the induction of ABCA1 by atRA may in part depend on the induction of LXR.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedicine, Department of Caring Sciences, University of Orebro, S-701 82 Orebro, Sweden.
authors.forename: Dick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wågsäter
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dimberg
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sirsjö
mesh_terms: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D000070998:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006801:Humans; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C577836:ABCA1 protein, human; C419353:ABCG1 protein, human; D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D000070998:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605213:NR1H3 protein, human; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014212:Tretinoin