title: The Gly-952 residue of Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA polymerase alpha is important in discriminating correct deoxyribonucleotides from incorrect ones.
abstract: Gly-952 is a conserved residue in Saccharomyces cerevisiae DNA polymerase alpha (pol alpha) that is strictly required for catalytic activity and for genetic complementation of a pol alpha-deficient yeast strain. This study analyzes the role of Gly-952 by characterizing the biochemical properties of Gly-952 mutants. Analysis of the nucleotide incorporation specificity of pol alpha G952A showed that this mutant incorporates nucleotides with extraordinarily low fidelity. In a steady-state kinetic assay to measure nucleotide misincorporation, pol alpha G952A incorporated incorrect nucleotides more efficiently than correct nucleotides opposite template C, G, and T. The fidelity of the G952A mutant polymerase was highest at template A, where the ratio of incorporation of dCMP to dTMP was as high as 0.37. Correct nucleotide insertion was 500- to 3500-fold lower for G952A than for wild type pol alpha, with up to 22-fold increase in pyrimidine misincorporation. The Km for G952A pol alpha bound to mismatched termini T:T, T:C, C:A, and A:C was 71- to 460-fold lower than to a matched terminus. Furthermore, pol alpha G952A preferentially incorporated pyrimidine instead of dAMP opposite an abasic site, cis-syn cyclobutane di-thymine, or (6-4) di-thymine photoproduct. These data demonstrate that Gly-952 is a critical residue for catalytic efficiency and error prevention in S. cerevisiae pol alpha.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cancer Cell Biology, Research Institute for Disease Mechanism and Control, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Siripan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Limsirichaikul
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Niimi
authors.forename: Shigenori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwai
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murate
authors.forename: Shonen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Motoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D020029:Base Pairing; D001665:Binding Sites; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D003460:Crystallization; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004256:DNA Polymerase I / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers; D003843:Deoxycytidine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D003848:Deoxyguanine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D003854:Deoxyribonucleotides / Q000378:metabolism*; D005998:Glycine / Q000235:genetics; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013698:Templates, Genetic; D013938:Thymidine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D013942:Thymine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D003848:Deoxyguanine Nucleotides; D003854:Deoxyribonucleotides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013942:Thymine Nucleotides; D003843:Deoxycytidine Monophosphate; D013938:Thymidine Monophosphate; C007257:2'-deoxyguanosine 5'-phosphate; D004247:DNA; D004256:DNA Polymerase I; C024157:thymidine 5'-triphosphate; D005998:Glycine