Accumulation of the proinflammatory cytokine endothelial-monocyte-activating polypeptide II in ramified microglial cells in brains of Borna virus infected Lewis rats.
Borna disease virus (BDV) infection of adult Lewis rats induces a severe and often fatal neurologic disease characterized by a massive mononuclear meningo-encephalitis, and activation of microglial cells. Therefore, we analyzed expression of endothelial monocyte activating polypeptide II (EMAP II) by immunohistology as a marker for activation of microglial cells in BDV infected rat brains. EMAP II is a chemotactic peptide, inducing activation of macrophages and endothelial cells, and is considered a proinflammatory mediator of the innate immune system. An up to 30-fold increase in numbers of EMAP II+ microglial cells and a massive expression by infiltrating macrophages at perivascular inflammatory foci was observed in infected brains, with a maximum on day 25 after infection. These results provide evidence that EMAP II contributes to immune responses in inflammatory processes caused by viral infections.
Mueller
Christian A
CA
Institute of Brain Research, University of Tuebingen, Calwerstrasse 3, D-72076 Tuebingen, Germany. 3113@gmx.de
Richt
Jürgen A
JA
Meyermann
Richard
R
Deininger
Martin
M
Schluesener
Hermann
H
D000818:Animals; D001891:Borna disease virus; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017628:Microglia / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew
D016207:Cytokines; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C077219:small inducible cytokine subfamily E, member 1