title: Pharmacological versus nonpharmacological techniques in reducing venipuncture psychological trauma in pediatric patients.
abstract: Peripherally inserted central catheters (PICCs) provide reliable access for pediatric patients requiring infusion therapy. Our multidisciplinary team includes nurses, physicians, child life specialists, and radiology technicians. In preparing and educating the patient and parent for the procedure, cultural and developmental levels are assessed and planned accordingly.
authors.affiliation: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, OH 45229, USA. darcy.doellman@cchmc.org
authors.forename: Darcy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Doellman
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000451:nursing; D002648:Child; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D006801:Humans; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010348:Patient Care Team / Q000458:organization & administration; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D010371:Pediatric Nursing / Q000379:methods; D018962:Phlebotomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000451:nursing; D002666:Psychology, Child; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local