title: P53 expression in spontaneous and estradiol-induced endometrial hyperplasia during menopause.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the percentage of endometrial hyperplasia positive for p53 expression in both spontaneously occurring cases or following the use of unopposed estradiol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four postmenopausal patients with endometrial hyperplasia diagnosed by endometrial biopsy and hysteroscopy were recruited to this study. Thirty-three patients had used unopposed estradiol for periods of time from 1 to 3 years. P53 expression was detected in paraffin-embedded endometrial specimens by immunohistochemical methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of endometrial hyperplasia positive for p53 expression was significantly greater in spontaneously occurring hyperplasia than in cases induced by the unopposed use of estradiol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endometrial hyperplasia caused by the unopposed use of estradiol during menopause probably harbors fewer genomic errors than those cases occurring spontaneously.
authors.affiliation: Endoscopy Unit, Centro de Pesquisa e Assistência em Reprodução Humana - CEPARH, Rua Caetano Moura, 35, Salvador, 40210-341, Bahia, Brazil. ceparh@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maia
authors.forename: Amélia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maltez
authors.forename: Célia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Athayde
authors.forename: Genevieve
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: Elsimar M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Coutinho
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004714:Endometrial Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000737:chemistry; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D004958:Estradiol