title: Neuregulin 1-erbB2 signaling is required for the establishment of radial glia and their transformation into astrocytes in cerebral cortex.
abstract: Radial glial cells and astrocytes function to support the construction and maintenance, respectively, of the cerebral cortex. However, the mechanisms that determine how radial glial cells are established, maintained, and transformed into astrocytes in the cerebral cortex are not well understood. Here, we show that neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) exerts a critical role in the establishment of radial glial cells. Radial glial cell generation is significantly impaired in NRG mutants, and this defect can be rescued by exogenous NRG-1. Down-regulation of expression and activity of erbB2, a member of the NRG-1 receptor complex, leads to the transformation of radial glial cells into astrocytes. Reintroduction of erbB2 transforms astrocytes into radial glia. The activated form of the Notch1 receptor, which promotes the radial glial phenotype, activates the erbB2 promoter in radial glial cells. These results suggest that developmental changes in NRG-1-erbB2 interactions modulate the establishment of radial glia and contribute to their appropriate transformation into astrocytes.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina Neuroscience Center and Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Ralf S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Bridget E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Berechid
authors.forename: Becky
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boyles
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marchionni
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sestan
authors.forename: Eva S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Anton
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000235:genetics; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020890:Neuregulin-1 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D008156:Luciferases; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D020890:Neuregulin-1; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D051881:Receptor, Notch1; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D014157:Transcription Factors; C497762:Notch1 protein, mouse