title: Oxidative stress and altered antioxidant defenses in children with acute exacerbation of atopic dermatitis.
abstract: The underlying mechanisms of skin inflammation in atopic dermatitis (AD) are not completely understood. The purpose of the present study was to examine the involvement of oxidative stress and antioxidant defenses in children with acute exacerbation of AD. We studied 13 children who were hospitalized for acute exacerbation of AD with purulent skin infection by Staphylococcal aureus (age, 1.5 to 10.0 years), and 28 age-matched healthy subjects (controls). Urine samples obtained from the patients on admission, on 2nd and 7th-9th hospital days, as well as from the controls were analyzed for 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) (a marker of oxidative DNA damage), acrolein-lysine adducts (a marker of lipid peroxidation), bilirubin oxidative metabolites (BOM) (a marker of antioxidant activity of bilirubin under oxidative stress) and nitrite/nitrate (NO(x)(-)) (a marker of endogenous nitric oxide production). Of these, urinary concentrations of 8-OHdG, acrolein-lysine adducts and BOM, but not NO(x)(-), were significantly higher in AD children on admission than those in control subjects. Response to treatment was associated with significant falls in the concentrations of 8-OHdG and acrolein-lysine adducts. Urinary concentrations of acrolein-lysine adducts, but not 8-OHdG, were still significantly higher in AD patients on the 7th-9th hospital day relative to the control. Urinary BOM remained almost constant and significantly high in AD children during hospitalization. Our findings indicate that oxidative stress and altered antioxidant defenses are involved in the pathophysiology of acute exacerbation of AD, and that suppression of oxidative stress might be a potentially useful strategy for the treatment of AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Fukui Medical University, 910-1193, Fukui, Japan. htsuka@fmsrsa.fukui-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsukahara
authors.forename: Rumiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Yusei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohshima
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Todoroki
authors.forename: Shuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Sankei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishima
authors.forename: Mitsufumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mayumi
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000171:Acrolein / Q000652:urine; D000208:Acute Disease; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000652:urine; D015415:Biomarkers; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008239:Lysine / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D009566:Nitrates / Q000652:urine; D009573:Nitrites / Q000652:urine; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D000171:Acrolein; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; D008239:Lysine; D001663:Bilirubin