title: Mechanical effect of muscle spindles in the canine external intercostal muscles.
abstract: High-frequency mechanical vibration of the ribcage increases afferent activity from external intercostal muscle spindles, but the effect of this procedure on the mechanical behaviour of the respiratory system is unknown. In the present study, we have measured the changes in external intercostal muscle length and the craniocaudal displacement of the ribs during ribcage vibration (40 Hz) in anaesthetized dogs. With vibration, external intercostal inspiratory activity increased by approximately 50 %, but the respiratory changes in muscle length and rib displacement were unaltered. A similar response was obtained after the muscles in the caudal segments of the ribcage were sectioned and the caudally oriented force exerted by these muscles on the rib was removed, thus suggesting that activation of external intercostal muscle spindles by vibration generates little tension. Prompted by this observation, we also examined the role played by the external intercostal muscle spindles in determining the respiratory displacement of the ribs during breathing against high inspiratory airflow resistances. Although resistances consistently elicited prominent reflex increases in external intercostal inspiratory activity, the normal inspiratory cranial displacement of the ribs was reversed into an inspiratory caudal displacement. Also, this caudal rib displacement was essentially unchanged after section of the external intercostal muscles, whereas it was clearly enhanced after denervation of the parasternal intercostals. These findings indicate that stretch reflexes in external intercostal muscles confer insufficient tension on the muscles to significantly modify the mechanical behaviour of the respiratory system.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cardiorespiratory Physiology, Brussels School of Medicine, and Intensive Care Unit, Saint-Pierre University Hospital, Belgium.
authors.forename: Dimitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Leduc
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Troyer
mesh_terms: D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004285:Dogs; D004576:Electromyography; D007366:Intercostal Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009470:Muscle Spindles / Q000502:physiology*; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology; D012272:Ribs / Q000502:physiology; D014732:Vibration