title: Smoking-induced squamous-cell cancer of the nose.
abstract: Squamous-cell cancer (SCC) isolated to the anterior nose is uncommon. Numerous industrial and environmental contaminants have been implicated as causative factors in nasal carcinoma. The association between nasal cancer and smoking was recognized in the 1980s, but results have not been consistent and no possible mechanisms have been suggested. The case histories of 11 patients with SCC limited to the anterior nasal cavity were reviewed. The authors found no relationship with exposures to chemicals previously implicated in nasal cancer. Nine patients with SCC were exposed to cigarette smoke (mean = 103 pack-years). Cigarette smoke may induce cancer directly, thus affecting the mucosa, or by inducing genetic alterations. The authors favor the former mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel. ytalmi@012.net.il
authors.forename: Yoav P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Talmi
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Zeev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: Lev
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bedrin
authors.forename: Jona
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kronenberg
authors.forename: M Raphael
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pfeffer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome