title: Cholesterol crystal embolic disease in renal allografts.
abstract: Cholesterol embolic disease in the renal allograft is not recognized as an important cause of graft dysfunction. We describe here two renal transplant patients with cholesterol embolization in their allograft biopsies. The first, a 48-year-old patient, received a renal transplant from a 62-year-old donor with a history of hypertension and tobacco use. On account of initial non-function, a renal biopsy was taken, which showed acute tubular necrosis and cholesterol emboli. The second, a 55-year-old man, presented chronic allograft failure six years after transplantation; ultrasonography showed a solid renal mass. Nephrectomy specimens revealed renal carcinoma and a combination of chronic rejection and multiple cholesterol emboli. Cholesterol embolic disease is probably an under-reported cause of renal graft dysfunction. The source of the emboli may be either the donor or the recipient's vessels. Since the current tendency is to accept older donors and recipients with more advanced atherosclerotic disease, this condition is likely to become more frequent in the future. Particular care must be taken at the time of organ procurement and during the evaluation of organ donors, in order to reduce the risk of embolization.
authors.affiliation: Spedali Civili and University, Brescia, Italy. fscolar@tin.it
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scolari
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tardanico
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pola
authors.forename: Consuela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mazzucchelli
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maffeis
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bonardelli
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maiorca
authors.forename: Ezio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Movilli
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sandrini
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017700:Embolism, Cholesterol / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants