title: Surgical skills training in middle-ear surgery.
abstract: Until recently the practice of otological procedures on cadaver temporal bones was a common occurrence in otolaryngology departments. The difficulty in acquiring specimens has led to alternative techniques which involve artificial and computer-aided models. This article looks at the present situation in these rapidly developing areas and describes an artificial model developed by the senior author for training in middle-ear procedures.
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology Unit, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation / Q000639:trends; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007188:Incus / Q000601:surgery; D008307:Malleus / Q000601:surgery; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods; D013201:Stapes Surgery / Q000193:education; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000601:surgery; D014433:Tympanoplasty / Q000193:education / Q000379:methods