title: Experimental evaluation of cross-contamination between cryotubes containing mouse 2-cell embryos and murine pathogens in liquid nitrogen tanks.
abstract: It has been suspected that embryos stored in liquid nitrogen tanks may become contaminated with murine pathogens, if some pathogens had been introduced to the tanks accidentally. To examine this, we stored tubes containing embryos with tubes containing mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) or Pasteurella pneumotropica in liquid nitrogen tanks and examined whether progeny mice derived from the embryos were contaminated with the pathogens or not. After storing for 6 months or 1 year the frozen embryos were thawed and implanted into the oviducts of pseudopregnant female mice, and the mice were bred in vinyl isolators. We could not detect serum antibodies to MHV and isolate Pasteurella pneumotropica in the progeny mice, suggesting that cross-contamination between tubes in a liquid nitrogen tank scarcely occurs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kyuwa
authors.forename: Takaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Takehito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Tatsuyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urano
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakagata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D006517:Murine hepatitis virus; D009584:Nitrogen; D015010:Yersinia pestis
chemical_list: D009584:Nitrogen