title: Cryopreservation-induced decrease in heat-shock protein 90 in human spermatozoa and its mechanism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the protein changes of spermatozoa associated with sperm motility during sperm cryopreservation and its mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 18 healthy men, the seminal sperm motility and HSP90 levels were studied before and after cryopreservation using SDS-PAGE, Western blotting and computerized image analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sperm motility declined significantly after cryopreservation (P<0.01). The average grey level and the integrated grey level of sperm HSP90 before cooling were 34.1+/-3.2 and 243.0+/-21.6, respectively, while those after thawing were 23.2+/-2.5 and 105.7+/-28.5, respectively. Both parameters were decreased significantly (P<0.01). No HSP90 was found in the seminal plasma before and after cryopreservation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HSP90 in human spermatozoa was decreased substantially after cryopreservation. This may result from protein degradation, rather than leakage into the seminal plasma.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Andrology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200001, China. caowenlei@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Wen-Lei
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Yi-Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zu-Qiong
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D015925:Cryopreservation; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012662:Semen Preservation; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins