title: Absence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in the tumor cells of European hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: The Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) has recently been associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arising in Japanese patients. We analyzed 82 cases of HCC from Germany and the U.K. for the presence of EBV DNA and viral gene products within tumor cells. Initial screening of whole sections using quantitative (Q)-PCR detected EBV DNA in 9/58 U.K. cases and in 9/24 German cases; in positive cases viral load was very low, ranging between 1.4 and 49.1 copies of the EBV genome/1000 cell equivalents, compared to much higher values for EBV-positive Hodgkin's disease and nasopharyngeal carcinoma controls (range, 714-3259/1000 cells). EBV DNA was not detected in the tumor cells of any of the Q-PCR-positive cases either by Q-PCR of pure tumor cell populations isolated by laser capture microdissection or by isotopic in situ hybridization. Furthermore, none of the German or U.K. HCC tumors tested positive for EBER or EBNAI expression in tumor cells. Our results provide strong evidence that HCCs from the U.K. or Germany are not associated with EBV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Birmingham, B15 2TT, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Junying
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lissauer
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Timms
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Stefan G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Hubscher
authors.forename: Lawrence S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Niedobitek
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005060:Europe; D016679:Genome, Viral; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000821:virology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; C067169:RPL22 protein, human; C417029:EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 1