title: Role of heparan sulfate proteoglycan (syndecan-1) on the renal epithelial cells during calcium oxalate monohydrate crystal attachment.
abstract: We have reported that heparan sulfate (HS)/heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG, syndecan-1) expression significantly increased in the rat kidney during calcium oxalate (CaOx) nephrolithiasis. Although the exact role of syndecan still remains unclear, HS/syndecan-1 is thought to have some important role in the CaOx crystal formation. Mardin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are most commonly used in kidney stone research. It was reported that MDCK cells do not express syndecan-1. In the present study, we established a novel MDCK cell line (KIC-synd-1) that expressed the human syndecan-1 gene. In this cell line, we confirmed stable expression of both sndecan-1 gene and core protein. Immunohistochemical study revealed positive staining of syndecan-1 monoclonal antibody in the basolateral and cytosolic area of the KIC-synd-1 cells. We also investigated the composition of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) side chains in MDCK cells and KIC-synd-1 cells by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Four types of HS chains were identified in both cells as follows; delta diHS-NS, delta diHS-6S, delta diHS-diS1, delta diHS-diS2. Increased production of delta diHS-NS and delta diHS-diS2 were shown in KIC-synd-1 cells compared with production in MDCK cells (p < 0.05). In contrast, only a small amount of delta diHS-6S and delta diHS-diS1 was contained in both cell lines. Total amount of HS was significantly increased in the KIC-synd-1 cells compare with that in the wild type MDCK cells (p < 0.05). Scanning electron microscopy revealed no significant difference between cell surface of wild type MDCK cells and that of KIC-synd-1 cells in normal conditions. However, calcium oxalate crystal attachment was apparently decreased in the KIC-synd-1 cells. These results suggested that cell surface HS/syndecan-1 has preventive role for calcium oxalate nephrolithiasis via creation of a charge barrier against COM crystal attachment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan.
authors.forename: Shumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chikama
authors.forename: Shizuka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Michiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Nobutoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawagoe
authors.forename: Katsuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomiyasu
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Shinshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noda
authors.forename: Isoko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takazono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D004285:Dogs; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C508241:SDC1 protein, human; C508243:Sdc1 protein, rat; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans; D002129:Calcium Oxalate