title: Mixing in vortical, chaotic and turbulent flows.
abstract: Mixing is discussed in relation to stirring as reflected in the geometry of advected interfaces, the behaviour of fluid-element pairs and their separation rates. Stirring is different in vortical, chaotic and turbulent flows because of qualitative differences in spatio-temporal flow structure, thus giving rise to different mixing laws. Important applications of the mixing and stirring properties discussed in this review are chlorine deactivation and ozone depletion in stratospheric mid-latitudes.
authors.affiliation: Turbulence and Mixing Group, Department of Aeronautics, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, London SW7 2BY, UK.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Vassilicos