title: Effect of pinaverium bromide on stress-induced colonic smooth muscle contractility disorder in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of pinaverium bromide, a L-type calcium channel blocker with selectivity for the gastrointestinal tract on contractile activity of colonic circular smooth muscle in normal or cold-restraint stressed rats and its possible mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cold-restraint stress was conducted on rats to increase fecal pellets output. Each isolated colonic circular muscle strip was suspended in a tissue chamber containing warm oxygenated Tyrode-Ringer solution. The contractile response to ACh or KCl was measured isometrically on ink-writing recorder. Incubated muscle in different concentrations of pinaverium and the effects of pinaverium were investigated on ACh or KCl-induced contraction. Colon smooth muscle cells were cultured from rats and (Ca(2+))(i) was measured in cell suspension using the Ca(2+) fluorescent dye fura-2/AM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During stress, rats fecal pellet output increased 61 % (P<0.01). Stimulated with ACh or KCl, the muscle contractility was higher in stress than that in control. Pinaverium inhibited the increment of (Ca(2+))(i) and the muscle contraction in response to ACh or KCl in a dose dependent manner. A significant inhibition of pinaverium to ACh or KCl induced (Ca(2+))(i) increment was observed at 10(-6) mol/L. The IC(50) values for inhibition of ACh induced contraction for the stress and control group were 1.66X10(-6) mol/L and 0.91X10(-6) mol/L, respectively. The IC(50) values for inhibition of KCl induced contraction for the stress and control group were 8.13X10(-7) mol/L and 3.80X10(-7) mol/L, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increase in (Ca(2+))(i) of smooth muscle cells is directly related to the generation of contraction force in colon. L-type Ca(2+) channels represent the main route of Ca(2+) entry. Pinaverium inhibits the calcium influx through L-type channels; decreases the contractile response to many kinds of agonists and regulates the stress-induced colon hypermotility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, first Hospital of Peking University, Beijing 100034, China. caolanzi@263.net
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Jian-Xiang
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jun-Xia
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yun-Feng
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003106:Colon / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D009025:Morpholines; C013199:pinaverium