title: Increased expression of neuronal apolipoprotein E in human brain with cerebral infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cellular origin of apolipoprotein E (ApoE) in the human brain and its roles in physiological and pathological conditions remain to be clarified.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunolocalization of ApoE was investigated in a series of autopsied human brains with or without infarction. ApoE expression was also estimated on immunoblot on protein extracts from autopsied brains and a cultured neuroblastoma cell line of human origin (GOTO) subjected to an oxidative stress induced by exposure to hydrogen peroxide (0.2 mmol/L).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In addition to astrocytes and microglia, neurons and degenerated axons in and around the ischemic foci contained ApoE-like immunoreactivity, which was more intense in recent ischemic foci. Immunoblot demonstrated an increase in expression of ApoE in brain extracts from ischemic lesion, and this increase was also pronounced in the cultured neuroblastoma cell line after the stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Accumulation of ApoE in neurons in and around ischemic foci of the human brain is related to an increase in ApoE synthesis in neurons, as seen in cultured neuronal cells after oxidative stress. Intrinsic regenerative activity of neuron in reaction to external insults may be related to this increase in ApoE of neuronal origin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropathology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Fuchu, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchihara
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sanjo
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wakayama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E