title: Laparoscopic surgery in women with endometrial cancer: the learning curve.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the effect of increasing surgeons's experience in the laparoscopic surgery of women with endometrial cancer (EC) on the surgical outcome of these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from a prospectively collected database of 108 patients two oncolaparoscopic centers in Czech Republic who underwent laparoscopically assisted surgical staging (LASS) from April 1996 to March 2001. Patients were arranged in chronological order and divided into three groups, based on the date of their surgery. The three groups were compared in patient characteristics and surgical outcome using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Wilcoxon rank sum test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Endoscopic Training Center, Baby Friendly Hospital Kladno, Czech Republic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three groups were similar in patient characteristics. Operative times for laparoscopic staging with pelvic lymphadenectomy (LN) decreased significantly from mean of 156.3 min for group 1 to 142.8 min for group 3 (P < 0.05). In cases LASS with pelvic lymphadenectomy was significant increase in the number lymph nodes harvested (12.4 for group 1, 13.9 for group 2, and 15.4 for group 3, P < 0.05). In cases LASS without lymphadenectomy was not significant difference in operating time, estimated blood loss, rate of conversion to laparotomy, operative complications, and length of hospital stay among the compared groups. The number of patients who underwent para-aortic lymphadanectomy was too small (n = 22), and their distribution was asymmetrical for comparison.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A learning curve is demonstrated in the LASS of women with endometrial cancer. With increasing surgeon's team experience, there is significant decrease in operative time for staging with pelvic lymph node dissection and increase in the number of pelvic lymph nodes removed. The para-aortic lymphadenectomy (PALN) was found to be more challenging than pelvic lymphadenectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Endoscopic Training Center, Baby Friendly Hospital, Kladno, Czech Republic. holubz@seznam.cz
authors.forename: Zdenek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Holub
authors.forename: Antonín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jabor
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bartos
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hendl
authors.forename: Stepán
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urbánek
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002983:Clinical Competence; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010388:Pelvis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome