title: Influence of systolic blood pressure and body mass index on left ventricular structure in healthy African-American and white young adults: the CARDIA study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study comprised of a generally healthy, biracial cohort of 28- to 40-year-old adults, we sought to characterize the distribution of left ventricular (LV) mass and LV geometry and the relationship of systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), and fasting insulin to LV mass and geometry.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Left ventricular mass is a risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-dimensionally guided M-mode echocardiograms were used to calculate LV mass index (g/height(2.7)) and geometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Black men had highest LV mass index followed by white men, black women, and white women. Blacks had higher LV wall thickness/diameter ratios than whites. Left ventricular hypertrophy was present in 2% of the cohort. Going from highest to lowest quartile for LV mass index and LV wall thickness/diameter ratio, SBP and BMI were highest in those with the highest LV mass index and LV wall thickness/diameter ratio. Increasing BMI and SBP over a 10-year interval was also strongly related to LV structure in most race/gender groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a generally healthy young adult cohort, LV structure as defined by LV mass and geometry is associated with SBP and BMI at levels generally considered normal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics at the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lorber
authors.forename: Samuel S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gidding
authors.forename: Martha L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Daviglus
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Colangelo
authors.forename: Kiang
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Julius M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gardin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000367:Age Factors; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000097:blood; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin