Microalbuminuria in diabetes: focus on cardiovascular and renal risk reduction.
Albuminuria has long been recognized as a harbinger for the progression of diabetic nephropathy. Recently, it has become increasingly recognized that albuminuria is a powerful risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke. In this article we explore evidence for albuminuria being an integral component of the cardiometabolic syndrome and a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and stroke.
Bakris
George L
GL
Rush University Hypertension Center, Department of Preventive Medicine, Rush Presbyterian/St. Luke's Medical Center, 1700 W. Van Buren Street, Suite 470, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. gbakris@rush.edu
Sowers
James R
JR
D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000652:urine*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D012307:Risk Factors