title: A function for Egf receptor signaling in expanding the developing brain in Drosophila.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In invertebrates and vertebrates, neural midline cells secrete signals that pattern the central nervous system (CNS). However, an important part of the developing insect brain, involved in functions such as olfaction and feeding behavior, is positioned lateral to the foregut and lacks neural cells at the midline. Could the foregut substitute for neural midline cells and secrete signals that pattern this part of the brain?
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Drosophila embryos, the neural midline marker Single-minded is expressed in foregut cells adjacent to the brain, as are members of the Egf receptor signaling pathway. Removing the function of these molecules results in aberrant proliferation and reduced size in the brain lateral to the foregut.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cells of the brain lateral to the foregut receive an Egf signal from the midline and proliferate in response. A likely source of this signal is the foregut. These findings raise the possibility that the brain lateral to the foregut is an evolutionarily recent addition to the arthropod brain, and that the anterior boundary of the brain neural midline is a conserved feature in bilaterally symmetric animals.
authors.affiliation: MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QH, United Kingdom. paged@mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Damon T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Page
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C089449:sim protein, Drosophila