title: Drug-resistant malaria in Bangladesh: an in vitro assessment.
abstract: Forty-four Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Bangladesh and 22 from western Thailand were successfully tested for their drug susceptibility. High degrees of resistance were observed against chloroquine with geometric mean IC50s of 114.25 and 120.5 nM, respectively, for Bangladesh and western Thailand. Most isolates from both sites were sensitive to quinine, and all were sensitive to artesunate. Many isolates were considered in vitro resistant to mefloquine, but the geometric mean IC50 for the Thai isolates (98.79 nM) was 1.6 times (P = 0.002) higher than that of isolates from Bangladesh (60.3 nM). The high prevalence of in vitro mefloquine resistance in Bangladesh suggests that close surveillance is necessary to delay widespread multidrug resistant problems in the area.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Medical Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noedl
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Faiz
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Yunus
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hossain
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Samad
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: L W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wongsrichanalai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077332:Artesunate; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015767:Mefloquine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects*; D011803:Quinine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D000077332:Artesunate; D002738:Chloroquine; D011803:Quinine; D015767:Mefloquine