title: Serotonin availability is increased in mucosa of guinea pigs with TNBS-induced colitis.
abstract: 5-HT released from enterochromaffin cells acts on enteric nerves to initiate motor reflexes. 5-HT's actions are terminated by a serotonin reuptake transporter (SERT). In this study, we tested the hypothesis that inflammation leads to altered mucosal 5-HT signaling. Colitis was induced by 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS), and experiments were conducted on day 6. 5-HT content, number of 5-HT-immunoreactive cells, and the proportion of epithelial cells that were 5-HT-immunoreactive increased twofold in colitis. The amount of 5-HT released under basal and stimulated conditions was significantly increased in colitis. SERT inhibition increased the 5-HT concentration in media bathing-stimulated control tissue to a level comparable to that of the stimulated colitis tissue. mRNA encoding SERT and SERT immunoreactivity were reduced during inflammation. Slower propulsion and reduced sensitivity to 5-HT-receptor antagonism were observed in colitis. These data suggest that colitis alters 5-HT signaling by increasing 5-HT availability while decreasing 5-HT reuptake. Altered 5-HT availability may contribute to the dysmotility of inflammatory bowel disease, possibly due to desensitization of 5-HT receptors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Linden
authors.forename: Jing-Xian
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Gershon
authors.forename: Keith A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Sharkey
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Mawe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D012701:Serotonin; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid