title: Trends in the subsite and morphology of oesophageal and gastric cancer in England and Wales 1971-1998.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The incidence of adenocarcinoma of the oesophagus and gastric cardia has increased in many countries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the trends in the subsite and morphology of oesophageal and gastric cancer using cancer registry data from 1971 to 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  We calculated the overall age-standardised incidence in each year; the age-standardised incidence by subsite, by morphology and by subsite and morphology; and the ratio of the rates in men and women in 1971 and 1998.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of oesophageal adenocarcinoma increased from 1.5 to 7.0 per 100,000 men and from 0.4 to 1.5 per 100,000 women. The incidence of cancer at the cardia also increased, from 2.0 to 5.4 per 100,000 men and from 0.6 to 1.4 per 100,000 women, but the incidence of gastric cancer without a specified subsite decreased markedly from 21.3 to 9.3 per 100,000 men and from 10.7 to 4.2 per 100,000 women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although some of the increase in the incidence of adenocarcinoma of the gastric cardia is probably real, this interpretation is limited by the proportion of cancers without specified subsites or morphologies.
authors.affiliation: Thames Cancer Registry, Division of Cancer Studies, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medicine, King's College London, UK. angela.newnham@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Newnham
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Quinn
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Babb
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Majeed
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D017677:Age Distribution; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D002299:Cardia; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014852:Wales / Q000453:epidemiology