title: Lung perfusion, shunt fraction, and oxygenation during one-lung ventilation in pigs: the effects of desflurane, isoflurane, and propofol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study how desflurane, isoflurane, and propofol affect pulmonary perfusion, shunt fraction, and systemic oxygenation during one-lung ventilation (OLV) in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective animal study with a crossover design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal laboratory of a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve female pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The pigs were anesthetized, tracheally intubated, and mechanically ventilated. After placement of femoral arterial and thermodilution pulmonary artery catheters, a left-sided, double-lumen tube (DLT) was placed via tracheotomy. After DLT placement, F(I)O(2) was adjusted at 0.8, and anesthesia was continued in random order with 1 minimal alveolar concentration of desflurane, 1 minimal alveolar concentration of isoflurane, or propofol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Measurements of respiratory and hemodynamic parameters were made after stabilization at each anesthetic. During OLV, perfusion of the nonventilated lung and shunt fraction were comparable during all 3 anesthetics. PaO(2) was lower during desflurane and isoflurane anesthesia as compared with propofol anesthesia. Mixed venous PO(2) and cardiac output were lower with desflurane and isoflurane as compared with propofol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a clinically relevant model of OLV cardiac output, PaO(2) and mixed venous PO(2) decreased during desflurane and isoflurane as compared with propofol, whereas perfusion of the nonventilated lung and shunt fraction remained comparable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schwarzkopf
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schreiber
authors.forename: Niels-Peter
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Preussler
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaser
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hüter
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.forename: Waheedullah
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Karzai
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D000077335:Desflurane; D005260:Female; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D010100:Oxygen; D015742:Propofol