Resource loss, resource gain, and emotional outcomes among inner city women.
The authors examined a dynamic conceptualization of stress by investigating how economic stress, measured in terms of material loss, alters women's personal and social resources and how these changed resources impact anger and depressive mood. Resource change in women's mastery and social support over 9 months was significantly associated with changes in depressive mood and anger among 714 inner city women. Greater loss of mastery and social support was associated with increased depressive mood and anger. Loss of mastery and social support also mediated the impact of material loss on depressive mood and anger. Resource loss and worsening economic circumstances had more negative impact than resource gain and improving economic circumstances had positive impact, suggesting the greater saliency of loss than gain.
Hobfoll
Stevan E
SE
Department of Psychology, Kent State University, Ohio 44242-0001, USA. shobfall@kent.edu
Johnson
Robert J
RJ
Ennis
Nicole
N
Jackson
Anita P
AP
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger; D003863:Depression / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008960:Models, Psychological; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011203:Poverty / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D014481:United States; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology*