title: Transvaginal gray scale and color Doppler sonography in primary ovarian cancer and metastatic tumors to the ovary.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare gray scale and color Doppler features of primary and metastatic ovarian carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical, sonographic (gray scale and color Doppler), and histopathologic data of 143 patients with primary (n = 127 adnexal masses) and metastatic (n = 34 adnexal masses) ovarian cancer were reviewed. Morphologic gray scale parameters assessed were bilaterality, tumor volume, echogenicity, and presence of septa, papillary projections, or solid areas. Color Doppler parameters were presence of blood flow, tumor blood flow location (central versus peripheral), subjective impression of blood flow amount (scanty, moderate, or abundant), lowest resistive index, lowest pulsatility index, and maximal peak systolic velocity (centimeters per second).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistical differences were found in bilaterality, tumor volume, presence of septa, papillary projections or solid areas, presence of blood flow, tumor blood flow location, subjective impression of blood flow amount, lowest resistive index, lowest pulsatility index, and maximal peak systolic velocity. Metastatic carcinomas were more frequently purely solid tumors (47% versus 26%; P = .001; likelihood ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval, 1.2-4.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of a purely solid tumor indicates a higher probability of metastatic carcinoma than primary ovarian cancer. However, with the use of gray scale and color Doppler sonography, it is difficult to differentiate primary ovarian carcinomas from metastatic tumors to the ovary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clínica Universitaria de Navarra School of Medicine, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Juan Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Alcázar
authors.forename: María José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Galán
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ceamanos
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Manero
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D018284:Cystadenocarcinoma, Serous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary*; D010053:Ovary / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013030:Spain; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D014621:Vagina / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D016387:Women's Health