Antioxidative and antiplatelet effects of aqueous inflorescence Piper betle extract.
Piper betle, belonging to the Piperaceae family, is a tropical plant, and its leaf and inflorescence are popularly consumed by betel quid (BQ) chewers in Taiwan and many other South and Southeast Asian countries. However, little is known about the biochemical properties of inflorescence Piper betle (IPB) toward reactive oxygen species (ROS) and platelet functions. In the present work, aqueous IPB extract was shown to be a scavenger of H(2)O(2), superoxide radical, and hydroxyl radical with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of about 80, 28, and 73 microg/mL, respectively. IPB extract also prevented the hydroxyl radical induced PUC18 plasmid DNA breaks at concentrations higher than 40 microg/mL. Since ROS are crucial for platelet aggregation, we further found that IPB extract also inhibited the arachidonic acid (AA) induced and collagen-induced platelet aggregation, with an IC(50) of 207 and 335 microg/mL, respectively. IPB extract also inhibited the AA-, collagen- (>100 microg/mL of IPB), and thrombin (>250 microg/mL of IPB)-induced thromboxane B(2) (TXB(2)) production by more than 90%. However, IPB extract showed little effect on thrombin-induced aggregation. These results indicated that aqueous components of IPB are potential ROS scavengers and may prevent the platelet aggregation possibly via scavenging ROS or inhibition of TXB(2) production.
Lei
Daniel
D
Laboratory of Dental Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University, College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Chan
Chiu-Po
CP
Wang
Ying-Jan
YJ
Wang
Tong-Mei
TM
Lin
Bor-Ru
BR
Huang
Chun-Hsun
CH
Lee
Jang-Jaer
JJ
Chen
Hsin-Ming
HM
Jeng
Jiiang-Huei
JH
Chang
Mei-Chi
MC
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D031721:Piper betle / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000096:biosynthesis
D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010936:Plant Extracts; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D013929:Thromboxane B2