title: Value of [11C]choline-positron emission tomography for re-staging prostate cancer: a comparison with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared [11C]choline-positron emission tomography (PET) with [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET for re-staging prostate cancer in a group of 100 patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 100 consecutive patients referred for whole body [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET for clinical prostate re-staging after radical treatment for prostate cancer were retrospectively included in the study. Mean prostate specific antigen (PSA) was 6.57 ng./ml. In all cases [11C]choline-PET was also performed. PET studies were done with a multiring device 5 minutes after intravenous injection of approximately 370 MBq. [11C]choline and 60 minutes after injection of approximately 370 MBq. [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose. PET findings were compared with those obtained with different conventional imaging and with PSA assessed at the time of PET and 1 year later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Areas of abnormal focal increases were noted in 47% of patients on [11C]choline-PET and in 27% on [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET. Of the 100 patients 49 had positive conventional imaging findings. All except 14 [11C]choline-PET findings were concordant with conventional imaging, including 6 negative and 8 positive conventional imaging results. All except 1 [11C]choline-PET negative cases also had negative conventional imaging after 1 year. PSA at 1 year remained stable or decreased in 80% and 62% of [11C]choline-PET negative and positive cases, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  [11C]choline-PET seems to be useful for re-staging prostatectomy cases with increasing serum PSA levels. It is superior to [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-PET and complementary to conventional imaging but with the advantage of staging disease at a single step.
authors.affiliation: Institute H. San Raffaele, University of Milano-Bicocca, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Picchio
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Messa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Landoni
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gianolli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sironi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brioschi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matarrese
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Matei
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Cobelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Del Maschio
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rocco
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rigatti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fazio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002794:Choline; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D002794:Choline