title: Death receptor 4 and bladder cancer risk.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand stimulates the extrinsic apoptoticpathway by binding to death receptors 4 (DR4) and 5 (DR5). In DR4 exon 4, a C-->G polymorphism at amino acid 626 located immediately 3' to one of the main receptor ligand interface regions, results in a threonine-->arginine change. We found that the DR4 exon 4 G/G genotype was associated with an overall decreased risk of bladder cancer in Caucasians [odds ratio (OR) = 0.58; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.38-0.88]. This protective effect was more apparent in younger individuals (OR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.20-0.87) than in older individuals (OR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.35-1.02) and in women (OR = 0.45; 95% CI, 0.20-0.99) than in men (OR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.36-0.99). Moreover, the protective effect was greater for light smokers (OR = 0.19; 95% CI, 0.06-0.59) compared with heavy smokers (OR = 0.83; 95% CI, 0.41-1.69). These data provide the first large-scale molecular epidemiological evidence that the DR4 polymorphism is associated with environmental exposure and bladder cancer risk, possibly through modulating the capacity of the receptor ligand complex to engage the apoptotic pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, The University of Texas M D Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Aditi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hazra
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Chamberlain
authors.forename: H Barton
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Grossman
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Margaret R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Spitz
authors.forename: Xifeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C105190:TNFRSF10A protein, human