Therapeutic extradural cortical stimulation for movement disorders: a review.
Extradural motor cortex stimulation was introduced in 1989 for control of central pain. In recent years this has been found useful in several patients with movement disorders. This paper attempts to bring together all the relevant literature, discuss mechanisms and lay out guidelines for future research and clinical applications.
Canavero
Sergio
S
Neuromodulation Unit, Department of Neurosciences, Departments of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Molinette, Hospital, Turin, Italy. solara@infinito.it
Bonicalzi
Vincenzo
V
Paolotti
Riccardo
R
Castellano
Giancarlo
G
Greco-Crasto
Stefania
S
Rizzo
Laura
L
Davini
Ottavio
O
Maina
Raffaella
R
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004388:Dura Mater; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000628:therapy*