Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors beta/delta: emerging roles for a previously neglected third family member.
OBJECTIVE
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors alpha, beta/delta and gamma are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily. They mediate the effects of fatty acids and their derivatives at the transcriptional level, and are considered to be lipid sensors that participate in the regulation of energy homeostasis. Compared with the alpha and gamma peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor isotypes, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta functions have long remained an enigma. In this review, we focus on emerging knowledge about peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta activation and roles.


RESULTS
We review recent data that suggest key roles in basic cell functions, such as proliferation, differentiation and survival, and in embryonic development and lipid metabolism in peripheral tissues.


CONCLUSIONS
The newly unveiled roles of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta in important basic cell functions certainly justify a further exploration of its potential as a therapeutic target in pathologies such as metabolic syndrome X or skin diseases.
Michalik
Liliane
L
Center for Integrative Genomics, NCCR Frontiers in Genetics, University of Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Desvergne
Béatrice
B
Wahli
Walter
W
D000818:Animals; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
D020033:Protein Isoforms; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors