title: The role of invasive electrophysiology in the management of patients with chronic heart failure.
abstract: It is well known that both atrial and ventricular arrhythmias play a key role in morbidity and overall mortality among patients with heart failure. In addition to pharmacological treatment, up-to-date and evidence-based use of invasive electrophysiology, including implantable cardioverter defibrillator implantation, is recommended in the global management of patients with heart failure. This article will review current clinical indications for invasive electrophysiology, either acknowledged or under evaluation, focusing on the scientific background and some technical and practical aspects. The discussion is organized in an arrhythmia-based manner so that ventricular-, atrial-, and heart transplant-related arrhythmias will be discussed separately.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy. elettrofisiologia@smatteo.pv.it
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landolina
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cantù
authors.forename: Gaetano M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: De Ferrari
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Foresti
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tavazzi
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D002908:Chronic Disease; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac / Q000295:instrumentation; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans