title: Evaluation of fan-pattern spray nozzle wear using scanning electron microscopy.
abstract: Worn nozzles on spray equipment severely affect the efficiency of crop management systems while causing unnecessary pesticide contamination of non target areas. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) that has been applied for direct measurement of pesticide deposition, was used to observe worn and unused brass and stainless steel fan-pattern spray nozzles. Wear and other changes were observed in both nozzle materials. Scanning electron microscopy can provide nozzle manufacturers with greater insight and needed information on nozzle mechanics to improve performance. More reliable delivery of pesticide spray should enhance integrated pest and disease management and crop protection for growers.
authors.affiliation: USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Application Technology Research Unit, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center (OARDC), Wooster 44691, USA. krause.2@osu.edu
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Krause
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Reichard
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Brazee
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Fox