The status of serotonin-selective pharmacotherapy in the treatment of alcohol dependence.
Research performed during the past 20 years has shown that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) neurotransmission is related to alcohol dependence. Both theoretical and empirical research have supported the idea that alcohol dependence is a chronic disease and that, in addition, biological vulnerabilities contribute to the pathogenesis of alcohol dependence. Preclinical studies have consistently demonstrated that there is a relationship between 5-HT function and alcohol consumption. Furthermore, there is evidence building that lends support for the existence of distinct alcoholic subtypes that may be differentiated by the type or complexity of their 5-HT dysfunction. Beyond excessive drinking, behaviors that are indicators of 5-HT dysregulation are depression, anxiety, impulsiveness, and early-onset problem drinking. This chapter will discuss the usefulness of 5-HT-selective pharmacotherapy in treating alcohol dependence and will provide both historical and current perspectives on its use.
Pettinati
Helen M
HM
Center for the Study of Addictions, Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Kranzler
Henry R
HR
Madaras
Julie
J
D000437:Alcoholism / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012701:Serotonin / Q000502:physiology; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D012701:Serotonin; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors