title: Intracytoplasmic sperm injection in cases with history of in vitro fertilization failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in the management of cases with a history of conventional in vitro fertilization (IVF) failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of patients, 19 with normal semen parameters and a history of IVF failure (metaphase II oocytes: 0-30 %) and 28 with severe male factor infertility received ICSI technology during the same period. Ovarian stimulation was achieved by conventional procedure. Transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte collection was done 35-37 h after human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) injection. Only metaphase II oocytes were selected for microinjection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fertilization was achieved with ICSI in all the patients. The fertilization rate (75.6 % +/-21.1 % vs. 73.9 % +/-19.2 %), cleavage rate (85.1 % +/-19.3 % vs. 82.7 % +/-22.1 %), clinical pregnancy rate per embryo transfer cycle (31.6 % vs. 28.6 %) and implantation rate per embryo (15.3 % vs. 14.4 %) did not differ significantly between the two groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICSI is a valuable method for couples with a history of IVF failure. These patients may have a similar ICSI result as in severe male infertility.
authors.affiliation: Reproduction Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China. lizhilin@pub.shantou.gd.cn
authors.forename: Zhi-Ling
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Xin-Neng
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wan-Fen
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D013094:Spermatozoa; D017211:Treatment Failure