title: [Experience with the artificial iris diaphragm in hypotonic eyes].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As a result of a partial or complete loss of the natural iris diaphragm,longstanding silicone oil tamponade frequently causes keratopathy. An artificial iris diaphragm can avoid such a complication. In hypotony, with insufficient circulation of aqueous humor, the "closed" artificial iris diaphragm is used.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective study 41 patients (41 eyes) were reviewed. Each patient had a single aphakic eye, in which a closed iris diaphragm was implanted after silicone oil surgery. The underlying diagnosis included in these 41 cases included trauma (22 eyes, 54%), retinal detachment due to proliferative vitreoretinopathy (12 eyes, 29%), severe uveitis (4 eyes, 10%), and proliferative diabetic retinopathy (3 eyes, 7%). The mean follow-up time was 12 month.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 25 eyes (61%) silicone oil was retained behind the diaphragm. In 14 eyes (34%), silicone oil prolapsed in the anterior chamber. In 2 eyes (5%) the silicone oil could not been assessed due to a corneal opacity.A deteriorated corneal situation after implantation of the diaphragm was observed in 11 eyes (27%). As a longstanding complication permanent hypotony (< or = 5 mmHg) developed in 29 eyes (71%), fibrous reaction in 13 eyes (32%) within fibrotic membranes (9 eyes, 22%). The visual acuity remained stable in 39 eyes (95%), improved in none, and deteriorated in 2 eyes (5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite all complications, the artificial iris diaphragm represents an important progress in the salvage of severely traumatized eyes though persistent hypotony remains in 29 eyes (71%). Contact of silicone oil with the endothelium was avoided in 25 eyes (61%). There was no phthisis bulbi or enucleation. Improvement of anterior-posterior separation is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Augenklinik des Universitätsklinikums der RWTH Aachen. gkikeller@aol.com
authors.forename: G K I
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dahlke
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuckelkorn
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Schrage
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015814:Ocular Hypotension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000601:surgery; D012827:Silicone Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D012827:Silicone Oils