title: Transesophageal echocardiographic diagnosis of carbon dioxide embolism during minimally invasive saphenous vein harvesting and treatment with inhaled epoprostenol.
abstract: We describe a patient scheduled for coronary artery bypass who developed carbon dioxide (CO2) embolism with acute pulmonary hypertension during endoscopic saphenectomy. Transesophageal echocardiography was useful in the diagnosis of CO2 embolism and to assess response to inhaled epoprostenol.
authors.affiliation: Departments of *Anesthesiology and †Surgery, Montreal Heart Institute, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martineau
authors.forename: Geneviève
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arcand
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couture
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Babin
authors.forename: Louis P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Perreault
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Denault
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000758:Anesthesia; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D019296:Capnography; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004618:Embolism, Air / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000601:surgery* / Q000637:transplantation*
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D011464:Epoprostenol