title: Increase of hippocampal acetylcholine release at the onset of dark phase is suppressed in a mutant mice model of evening-type individuals.
abstract: We have previously reported that clock mutant mice on Jcl:ICR background show about 2-h delayed circadian profiles in body temperature, spontaneous activity and sleep-wake rhythm, and that they appear to be useful as a model of evening-type of individual. Hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) release which is positively correlated with attention, learning and memory shows a circadian variation. In this study, changes in hippocampal ACh release in transitional phase from light (rest) to dark (active) period in clock mutant mice were monitored using an in vivo microdialysis method. Compared with wild mice, the increase in hippocampal ACh in the first 2 h of the active period in the mutant mice was suppressed in parallel with peak frequency in electroencephalogram theta rhythm. The molecular basis of the circadian system appears to have a strong effect on hippocampal cholinergic function, and is probably associating with individual temporal differences in voluntary behavior, cognition, learning and/or memory performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Tokushima, 770-8503, Tokushima, Japan. sei@basic.med.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sei
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujihara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morita
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D056926:CLOCK Proteins; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics*; D003623:Dark Adaptation / Q000235:genetics*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015534:Trans-Activators; D056926:CLOCK Proteins; C538944:Clock protein, mouse; D000109:Acetylcholine