Penetration of intravenous hydroxyethyl starch into the cerebrospinal fluid in patients with impaired blood-brain barrier function.
Hypovolemic patients with impairment of the blood-brain barrier may receive IV hydroxyethyl starch (HES) to stabilize cardiovascular function and to increase cerebral perfusion pressure. It is not known whether HES can penetrate into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) under those conditions. We investigated plasma and CSF levels of HES after IV infusion in patients with suspected disturbance of the blood-brain barrier. Eight adult patients were studied who were being treated for head trauma or subarachnoid hemorrhage, with an external CSF drain in place. All patients exhibited radiographic signs of blood-brain barrier impairment diagnosed by cerebral computed tomography. After IV infusion of 500 to 1000 mL of HES 200,000/0.5, plasma HES levels were measured. Additionally, all CSF that was drained within 8 h after the HES infusion was collected, and HES concentrations were measured. All patients had detectable HES plasma concentrations (3.41 to 9.95 mg/mL). In contrast, no HES could be detected in the CSF of any patient. These data indicate that IV HES 200,000/0.5 does not penetrate into the CSF in patients with disturbed blood-brain barrier function after subarachnoid hemorrhage or head trauma. Further study is required to determine whether HES penetrates into the intracranial interstitium, despite the absence of HES in the CSF.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients may receive IV hydroxyethyl starch (HES) after head trauma or subarachnoid hemorrhage. The results of the present study indicate that in patients with suspected blood-brain barrier impairment, HES does not penetrate from the plasma into the cerebrospinal fluid.
Dieterich
Hans-Jürgen
HJ
*Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Tübingen; †Department of Anesthesiology, University of Munich Medical Center, Germany; and ‡Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative, and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.
Reutershan
Jörg
J
Felbinger
Thomas W
TW
Eltzschig
Holger K
HK
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology*; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D010952:Plasma Substitutes