title: Dendritic cells and pattern of cytokines in paracoccidioidomycosis skin lesions.
abstract: We demonstrated and quantified by immunohistochemistry epidermal Langerhans cells, CD34+ dermal dendrocytes (DDs), and cells expressing TNFalpha, interferon-gamma (IFNgamma), IL-5, and IL-10 in skin lesions of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM). Sixty-one biopsies were classified in three groups according to the pattern of tissue response: Group 1, well-organized granuloma; Group 2, poorly organized granuloma; and Group 3, both kinds of granuloma. Langerhans cells had short and irregular dendrites in all groups and were decreased in number in Groups 1 and 2. CD34+ DDs did not differ in number from the control group. Group 1 was characterized by many cells expressing IFNgamma. Groups 2 and 3 exhibited large numbers of cells expressing IL-5 and IL-10. The data obtained suggest that well-organized granulomas reflect a better cellular immune response, and the large number of cells expressing IL-5 and IL-10 in Group 2 indicate an ineffective response in PCM skin lesions. Both kinds of granuloma in the same cutaneous lesion probably represent an intermediate response between the anergic and hyperergic poles. Group 3 also showed higher numbers of cells expressing TNFalpha when compared with the control group. Some cells expressing TNFalpha were dendritic and localized around the granuloma similar to the factor XIIIa+ DD localization that we previously described.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pagliari
authors.forename: Mírian N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Sotto
mesh_terms: D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D006099:Granuloma / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000032:analysis; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000473:pathology; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34; D016207:Cytokines; D015848:Interleukin-5; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007371:Interferon-gamma