Sources and significance of plasma levels of catechols and their metabolites in humans.
Human plasma contains several catechols, including the catecholamines norepinephrine, epinephrine, and dopamine, their precursor, L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA), and their deaminated metabolites, dihydroxyphenylglycol, the main neuronal metabolite of norepinephrine, and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid, a deaminated metabolite of dopamine. Products of metabolism of catechols include 3-methoxytyrosine (from L-DOPA), homovanillic acid and dopamine sulfate (from dopamine), normetanephrine, vanillylmandelic acid, and methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol (from norepinephrine), and metanephrine (from epinephrine). Plasma levels of catechols and their metabolites have related but distinct sources and therefore reflect different functions of catecholamine systems. This article provides an update about plasma levels of catechols and their metabolites and the relevance of those levels to some issues in human health and disease.
Goldstein
David S
DS
Clinical Neurocardiology Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1620. goldsteind@ninds.nih.gov
Eisenhofer
Graeme
G
Kopin
Irwin J
IJ
D000818:Animals; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood; D002396:Catechols / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / Q000097:blood; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D009647:Normetanephrine / Q000097:blood; D014642:Vanilmandelic Acid / Q000097:blood
D002395:Catecholamines; D002396:Catechols; D009647:Normetanephrine; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; D014642:Vanilmandelic Acid; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; D009638:Norepinephrine