title: Food restriction and fish oil suppress atherogenic risk factors in lupus-prone (NZB x NZW) F1 mice.
abstract: Atherosclerosis-mediated coronary artery disease is a significant cause of mortality in lupus patients. Both an activated immune system and hyperlipidemia are implicated in the pathogenesis of the atherosclerotic lesions of lupus. In this study, the increases in anticardiolipin antibodies, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol with age were significantly lowered by fish oil and food restriction, either alone or in combination. Food restriction also significantly decreased the elevation in anti-dsDNA antibody production seen with age in ad libitum groups. Interestingly, effects of food restriction and fish oil on both lipid profile and autoantibody production were seen from a young age. Accumulation of leukocytes in the blood vessels and deposition of IgG in the glomerular mesangium also were suppressed by food restriction. Thus, beneficial effects of fish oil and food restriction on lupus nephritis and survival could be, at least in part, due to their selective effect on atherogenic risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, USA.
authors.forename: Alagarraju
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muthukumar
authors.forename: Khaliquz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zaman
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Jeffery L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004247:DNA / Q000276:immunology; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008814:Mice, Inbred NZB
chemical_list: D005395:Fish Oils; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D004247:DNA; D002784:Cholesterol