title: Light augments tooth whitening with peroxide.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors tested the adjunctive use of light with a 15 percent peroxide gel as a single-visit, in-office tooth whitening system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subject (N = 87) with stained (> shade D4, Vita Zahnfabrik, Bad Säckingen, Germany) anterior teeth were randomly assigned to test (peroxide and light), peroxide control (peroxide gel) or light control (placebo gel and light) groups and were treated for one hour. The researchers evaluated tooth shade, color and subject response at baseline and posttreatment and at three and six months posttreatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The initial shade unit reduction of combined light and peroxide treatment (8.4) was greatest compared with that of peroxide alone (5.9) and of light alone (4.9). Approximately 88 percent of these effects persisted for six months. Lightness was increased and yellowness decreased to a significantly greater extent in the test group than in either control. These findings were corroborated by subject evaluation. One week after treatment, moderate to greatly increased tooth sensitivity occurred in 20 percent of test subjects, 21.7 percent of peroxide control subjects and none of the light control subjects. Neither tooth sensitivity nor gingival redness was present at the three- and six-month visits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peroxide and light treatment significantly lightened the color of teeth to a greater extent than did peroxide or light alone, with a low and transient incidence of tooth sensitivity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Light can increase the tooth-whitening effect of peroxide, thereby increasing the effectiveness of tooth-whitening procedures.
authors.affiliation: The Forsyth Institute, Boston, Mass 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.forename: Jacyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stultz
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carpino
authors.forename: Jo Max
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Goodson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003116:Color; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016877:Oxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010789:Phototherapy; D010919:Placebos; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014070:Tooth / Q000473:pathology; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000379:methods*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D016877:Oxidants; D010919:Placebos; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide