title: Neural expression and increased lavage fluid levels of secretoneurin in seasonal allergic rhinitis.
abstract: Secretoneurin is a neuropeptide potentially involved in migration of eosinophils, monocytes, and dendritic cells. Whether secretoneurin is present in the human airway mucosa and whether it is released at ongoing allergic airway inflammation is currently unknown. In patients with allergic rhinitis, we have explored the occurrence of secretoneurin in nasal mucosal biopsies and lavage fluids before and during natural allergen exposure. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an abundance of nerves displaying secretoneurin immunoreactivity, which were distributed predominantly around blood vessels and submucosal glands. A majority of nerve fibers containing vesicular acetylcholine transporter, tyrosine hydroxylase, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and vasoactive intestinal peptide were also secretoneurin-immunoreactive, indicating a localization of secretoneurin in cholinergic, adrenergic, and sensory nerves. Lavage fluid levels of secretoneurin were increased at allergen exposure (p < 0.01-0.05). Levels of secretoneurin did not correlate with eosinophil cationic protein (rho = 0.1, p = 0.7). We conclude that secretoneurin has a widespread occurrence in nasal mucosal nerves of patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis and that increased nasal lavage fluid levels of secretoneurin may characterize ongoing allergen exposure. These data favor a role of secretoneurin in the local traffic of immune cells in human airway mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. magnus.korsgren@klinfarm.lu.se
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korsgren
authors.forename: Jonas S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Erjefält
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hinterholzl
authors.forename: Reiner
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fischer-Colbrie
authors.forename: Cecilia Ahlström
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Emanuelsson
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Carl G A
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mackay-Sim
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sundler
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Greiff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D047091:Eosinophil Granule Proteins; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D017817:Nasal Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D011058:Pollen; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012260:Ribonucleases; D053381:Secretogranin II
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D047091:Eosinophil Granule Proteins; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D009479:Neuropeptides; D053381:Secretogranin II; C081159:secretoneurin; D012260:Ribonucleases