Effects of stress management on PNI-based outcomes in persons with HIV disease.
A pretest-posttest, repeated-measures design was used to evaluate the effects of two stress management interventions on a battery of outcomes derived from a psychoneuroimmunological (PNI) framework. The effects of cognitive-behavioral relaxation training groups (CBSM) and social support groups (SSG) were compared with a WAIT-listed control group on the outcomes of psychosocial functioning, quality of life, neuroendocrine mediation, and somatic health. Participants were 148 individuals (119 men, 29 women), diagnosed with HIV disease; 112 (76%) completing the study groups. Using analysis of covariance, the CBSM group was found to have significantly higher postintervention emotional well-being and total quality-of-life scores than did either the SSG or WAIT groups. SSG participants had significantly lower social/family well-being scores immediately postintervention and lower social support scores after 6 months. The findings point to a pressing need for further, well-controlled research with these common intervention modalities.
McCain
Nancy L
NL
School of Nursing, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Nursing, Richmond, VA 23298-0567, USA.
Munjas
Barbara A
BA
Munro
Cindy L
CL
Elswick
R K
RK
Robins
Jo L Wheeler
JL
Ferreira-Gonzalez
Andrea
A
Baliko
Beverly
B
Kaplowitz
Lisa G
LG
Fisher
Evelyn J
EJ
Garrett
Carleton T
CT
Brigle
Kevin E
KE
Kendall
Linda C
LC
Lucas
Valentina
V
Cochran
Katherine L
KL
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008873:Mid-Atlantic Region; D008960:Models, Psychological; D011598:Psychoneuroimmunology; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*
D003687:Dehydroepiandrosterone; D006854:Hydrocortisone