Subjective qualities of memories associated with the picture superiority effect in schizophrenia.
Patients with schizophrenia (n = 24) matched with 24 normal subjects were presented with both words and pictures. On a recognition memory task, they were asked to give remember, know, or guess responses to items that were recognized on the basis of conscious recollection, familiarity, or guessing, respectively. Compared with normal subjects, patients exhibited a lower picture superiority effect selectively related to remember responses. Unlike normal subjects, they did not exhibit any word superiority effect in relation to guess responses; this explains why the overall picture superiority effect appeared to be intact. These results emphasize the need to take into account the subjective states of awareness when analyzing memory impairments in schizophrenia.
Huron
Caroline
C
Department of Psychology, Yale University, USA.
Danion
Jean-Marie
JM
Rizzo
Lydia
L
Killofer
Valérie
V
Damiens
Annabelle
A
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D021641:Recognition, Psychology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014796:Visual Perception; D014825:Vocabulary