title: Direct interaction of Ca2+/calmodulin inhibits histone deacetylase 5 repressor core binding to myocyte enhancer factor 2.
abstract: Myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2) proteins play a pivotal role in the differentiation of cardiac and skeletal muscle cells. MEF2 factors are regulated by histone deacetylase enzymes such as histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5). HDAC5 in turn is responsive to Ca(2+) signaling mediated by the intracellular calcium sensor calmodulin. Here a combination of proteolytic fragmentation, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry, Edman degradation, circular dichroism, gel filtration, and surface plasmon resonance studies is utilized to define and characterize a stable core domain of HDAC5 and to examine its interactions with MEF2a and calmodulin. Results from real time binding experiments provide evidence for direct interaction of Ca(2+)/calmodulin with HDAC5 inhibiting MEF2a association with this enzyme.
authors.affiliation: ETH Zürich, Institut für Molekularbiologie und Biophysik, ETH-Hönggerberg, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Imre
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bieniossek
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schaffitzel
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hassler
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Santelli
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Richmond
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014357:Trypsin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D064326:MEF2 Transcription Factors; C578035:MEF2A protein, human; D018006:Myogenic Regulatory Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D014357:Trypsin; C404500:HDAC5 protein, human; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D002118:Calcium