title: Opioid agonists have different efficacy profiles for G protein activation, rapid desensitization, and endocytosis of mu-opioid receptors.
abstract: The differential ability of various mu-opioid receptor (MOP) agonists to induce rapid receptor desensitization and endocytosis of MOP could arise simply from differences in their efficacy to activate G proteins or, alternatively, be due to differential capacity for activation of other signaling processes. We used AtT20 cells stably expressing a low density of FLAG-tagged MOP to compare the efficacies of a range of agonists to 1) activate G proteins using inhibition of calcium channel currents (ICa) as a reporter before and after inactivation of a fraction of receptors by beta-chlornaltrexamine, 2) produce rapid, homologous desensitization of ICa inhibition, and 3) internalize receptors. Relative efficacies determined for G protein coupling were [Tyr-D-Ala-Gly-MePhe-Glyol]enkephalin (DAMGO) (1) > or = methadone (0.98) > morphine (0.58) > pentazocine (0.15). The same rank order of efficacies for rapid desensitization of MOP was observed, but greater concentrations of agonist were required than for G protein activation. By contrast, relative efficacies for promoting endocytosis of MOP were DAMGO (1) > methadone (0.59) >> morphine (0.07) > or = pentazocine (0.03). These results indicate that the efficacy of opioids to produce activation of G proteins and rapid desensitization is distinct from their capacity to internalize mu-opioid receptors but that, contrary to some previous reports, morphine can produce rapid, homologous desensitization of MOP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, The University of Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia.
authors.forename: Stephanie L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Borgland
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.forename: Peregrine B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Furness
authors.forename: MacDonald J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Christie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D020875:Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)- / Q000494:pharmacology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D008691:Methadone / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D010423:Pentazocine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009294:Narcotics; D017450:Receptors, Opioid, mu; D020875:Enkephalin, Ala(2)-MePhe(4)-Gly(5)-; D009271:Naltrexone; C017120:chlornaltrexamine; D009020:Morphine; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D010423:Pentazocine; D008691:Methadone