title: Amplification of erbB2 and erbB2 expression are superior to estrogen receptor status as risk factors for distant recurrence in pT1N0M0 breast cancer: a nationwide population-based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relative importance of 10 prognostic factors in pT1N0M0 breast cancer (< or =2 cm in diameter, node negative).
  
  
  METHODS
  Women diagnosed with breast cancer in Finland from 1991 to 1992 were identified from the files of the Finnish Cancer Registry, and individual clinicopathological data were collected from the hospital case records of women living in five regions comprising about one-half of the Finnish population. Of the women with minimum required information available (n = 2842), 852 had unilateral pT(1)N(0)M(0) cancer. The median follow-up time was 9.5 years, and only 5% had received systemic adjuvant therapy. Estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor, erbB2, p53, and Ki-67 expression was determined from tumor tissue microarrays using immunohistochemistry, and the erbB2 (HER-2) amplification status was determined using chromogenic in situ hybridization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary tumor size < or =5 mm and histological grade 1 were associated with 100 and 95% (95% confidence interval, 92-98%) 9-year distant disease-free survival, respectively, whereas strong erbB2 expression or the presence of >20% Ki-67-positive cells was associated with >20% risk. ER and progesterone receptor values obtained from the hospital case records or tumor microarrays showed weaker association with outcome than the erbB2 status. Small (< or =10 mm) erbB2-negative cancers were associated with >90% 9-year distant disease-free survival, irrespective of histological grade.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prognosis of pT(1)N(0)M(0) breast cancer is generally well defined by the histological grade and primary tumor size. The erbB2 status was superior to ER as a prognostic factor in these tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 4, PO Box 180, FIN-00029 Helsinki, Finland. heikki.joensuu@hus.fi
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Joensuu
authors.forename: Jorma
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Isola
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lundin
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Salminen
authors.forename: Kaija
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Holli
authors.forename: Vesa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kataja
authors.forename: Liisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pylkkänen
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Turpeenniemi-Hujanen
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: von Smitten
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lundin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018734:Genes, erbB-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D034622:RNA Interference; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53