title: Antiangiogenic effect of KR-31372 by apoptosis via mediation of mitochondrial KATP channel opening and the phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 phosphorylation.
abstract: Antiangiogenic action of (2R,3R,4S)-N"-cyano-N-(6-nitro-3,4-dihydro-hydroxy-2-methyl-2-dimethoxymethyl-2H-1-benzopyran-4yl)-N'-benzyl guanidine (KR-31372) was examined with its proapoptotic action in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) compared with diazoxide. KR-31372 as well as diazoxide significantly suppressed the neovascularization in mice induced by the Matrigel-containing recombinant human vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)165 in vivo and the basal tube formation of HUVECs in vitro with suppression of proliferation of HUVECs stimulated by VEGF165. KR-31372 and diazoxide enhanced DNA fragmentation associated with increase in phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted from chromosome 10 (PTEN) and decrease in serine/threonine kinase phosphorylation, which were accompanied by augmented Bax and cytochrome c release, and suppressed Bcl-2 in HUVECs. In the U87-MG cells, when transfected with expression vectors for sense PTEN, KR-31372 enhanced DNA fragmentation, but not in naive U87-MG cells. The suppression by KR-31372 and diazoxide of these variables was significantly antagonized by 5-hydroxydecanoic acid, a mitochondrial KATP channel blocker. Taken together, KR-31372 strongly inhibited angiogenesis in HUVECs by proapoptotic mechanism via mediation of 5-hydroxydecanoic acid-inhibitable mitochondrial KATP channel opening and PTEN phosphorylation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, 10 Ami-Dong, 1-Ga, Seo-Gu Busan 602-739, Korea.
authors.forename: Ki Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yung Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Sun-Ok
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Sung-Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Ki Whan
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen; D003574:Cytochrome c Group / Q000378:metabolism; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007797:Laminin; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015221:Potassium Channels; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014471:Umbilical Veins; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; C494826:BAX protein, human; C494827:Bax protein, mouse; D001578:Benzopyrans; D003574:Cytochrome c Group; D004338:Drug Combinations; C419651:KR 31372; D007797:Laminin; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C117780:mitochondrial K(ATP) channel; C059485:matrigel; D003094:Collagen; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human