title: Apparent life-threatening episodes as the first manifestation of epilepsy.
abstract: Apparent life-threatening episodes (ALTE) can be the first manifestation of an epileptic seizure in children. However, the diagnosis of ALTE is generally delayed because the interictal EEG often appears normal and the presence of gastroesophageal reflux may mislead the diagnosis of the epileptic manifestation. We report 6 children with epilepsy who presented an ALTE as their first seizure manifestation. The retrospective analysis of our cases demonstrated that ictal EEGs, when available, appeared to be the most helpful test to confirm the diagnosis, although an abnormal-appearing cerebral imaging was also contributive in the patients when only interictal EEGs were available.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Neurology, Hospital São Lucas, PUCRS School of Medicine, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Magda Lahorgue
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: Carla Calcagnoto
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Appel
authors.forename: Jaderson Costa
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: da Costa
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016638:Critical Illness; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants