Validation of habitual energy intake.
OBJECTIVE
To provide a framework for use of the doubly labelled water method to measure energy expenditure in order to validate dietary instruments for the assessment of energy.


METHODS
Review and description of the use of doubly labelled water method for use as a biomarker for habitual energy intake.


RESULTS
The doubly labelled water method has a relative accuracy of 1% and within-subject precision of 5 to 8%. Comparison of self-reported energy intake with energy expenditure demonstrated that over one-third of individuals may underreport energy intake by more than 25%.


CONCLUSIONS
The doubly labelled water method, although expensive and dependent on non-routine laboratory instrumentation, is an excellent biomarker of energy intake.
Schoeller
Dale A
DA
Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin, 1415 Linden Drive, Madison 53706, USA. dschoell@nutrisci.wisc.edu
Schoeller
Dale A
DA
D015415:Biomarkers; D004032:Diet; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
D015415:Biomarkers