title: Contribution of Na+/H+ exchange to Na+ overload in the ischemic hypertrophied hyperthyroid rat heart.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mechanisms responsible for intracellular ion homeostasis in ischemic hypertrophied myocardium are not fully known. Moderately hypertrophied hyperthyroid hearts (T3) are characterized by the bioenergetic changes and increased Na+/H+ exchange (NHE) activity comparable with those observed in humans and experimental models of hypertrophy. Here we test the hypothesis whether NHE inhibition in T3 heart improves ion homeostasis during ischemia and contractile function during recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared intracellular H+ (H+i) and Na+ (Na+i) accumulations during 28 min global ischemia in isolated perfused T3 and euthyroid (EUT) rat hearts with and without NHE inhibition by using 31P and 23Na NMR. Heart function was measured during control perfusion and 30 min following ischemic insult.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In T3 hearts ischemia caused: (1) faster and greater Na+i accumulation (534+/-25% of preischemic level versus 316+/-22% in EUT, P<0.001); (2) lower acidification (pH(i) 6.66+/-0.66 versus 6.12+/-0.12 in EUT, P<0.001); and (3) faster hydrolysis of ATP. NHE inhibition (amiloride 1 mM) in T3 hearts lead to: (1) delayed and lower Na+i accumulation by 35+/-5%; (2) faster and greater acidification (pH(i) 6.45+/-0.15, P<0.05); (3) delayed ATP degradation; and (4) improved heart function during recovery. When NHE was inhibited, all T3 hearts (n=11) recovered 68+/-10% of their preischemic rate pressure product (RPP), while only two untreated T3 hearts (from 11) recovered approximately 40% of preischemic RPP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that NHE inhibition could be useful intervention for the prevention of ischemic/reperfusion cell injury and could improve the function of the hypertrophied heart after acute ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, NMR Laboratory for Physiological Chemistry, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 221 Longwood Ave, Room BLI 247, Boston, MA 02115, USA. mbak@amwaw.edu.pl <mbak@amwaw.edu.pl>
authors.forename: Marianna I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Bak
authors.forename: Joanne S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Ingwall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D012964:Sodium