title: Comparison of L-bupivacaine 0.75% and lidocaine 2% with bupivacaine 0.75% and lidocaine 2% for peribulbar anaesthesia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  L-Bupivacaine has a safer side-effect profile than bupivacaine. We compared the efficacy of a mixture of L-bupivacaine 0.75% and lidocaine 2% with bupivacaine 0.75% and lidocaine 2% for peribulbar anaesthesia in cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety patients were allocated randomly to receive 8 ml of a mixture of equal parts of bupivacaine 0.75% and lidocaine 2% or an equal volume of L-bupivacaine and lidocaine 2%. Hyaluronidase 15 IU ml(-1) was added to both solutions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences between the groups in clinical end-points. The median time at which the block was adequate to start surgery was 4 min (interquartile range 4-8 min) in the bupivacaine group and 8 min (5-12 min) in the L-bupivacaine group (P=0.002). Median ocular and eyelid movement scores were similarly significantly decreased in the bupivacaine group compared with the L-bupivacaine group at all times (P</=0.03). There was no difference between groups in the incidence of minor complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A mixture of bupivacaine 0.75% and lidocaine 2% provides faster onset time than a mixture of L-bupivacaine 0.75% and lidocaine 2%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sutton
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nicholson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001767:Blinking / Q000187:drug effects; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007536:Isomerism; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine; D002045:Bupivacaine