title: In vitro screening of two Nigerian medicinal plants (Vernonia amygdalina and Annona senegalensis) for anthelmintic activity.
abstract: Vernonia amygdalina and Annona senegalensis, two plants used by local/smallholder livestock farmers in Nigeria as anthelmintic were screened for in vitro anthelmintic activity using Haemonchus contortus eggs. The extract of V. amygdalina did not show any significant activity at concentrations up to 11.2mg/ml. The extract of A. senegalensis showed significant (P<0.001) reduction in egg hatch at a concentration of 7.1mg/ml. The in vitro fecal culture of eggs with A. senegalensis showed significant (P<0.001) reductions in larval recovery with increasing concentrations from 1 to 10% ((w/w) in fecal culture) when whole ground plant material was used. Although traditional veterinary healers and local livestock farmers claim both plants are effective as anthelmintics, our result indicate that only A. senegalensis showed promising anthelmintic activity especially with use of ground whole plant materials as used by some farmers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
authors.forename: C B I
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Alawa
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Adamu
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Gefu
authors.forename: O J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Ajanusi
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Abdu
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Chiezey
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Alawa
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Bowman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031041:Annona / Q000737:chemistry*; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006189:Haemonchus / Q000187:drug effects; D009549:Nigeria; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects; D008517:Phytotherapy; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D035741:Vernonia / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D010936:Plant Extracts