A novel substance purified from Perilla frutescens Britton inhibits an early stage of HIV-1 replication without blocking viral adsorption.
Pf-gp6, a 6 kDa anti-degranulation glycoprotein purified from the extract of Perilla frutescens, was examined for its antiviral activity against HIV-1 and HIV-2 in vitro. HIV-1-induced cytopathic effect and proviral DNA synthesis were inhibited in the presence of Pf-gp6. The 50% inhibitory concentrations of Pf-gp6 for various HIV-1 strains, including clinical isolates and CCR5-using (R5) HIV-1, ranged between 1.3 and 71.0 microg/ml, depending on the combination of viral strain and host cell. Furthermore, Pf-gp6 did not directly inactivate infectious viral particles. A time-of-addition experiment revealed that Pf-gp6 lost its activity before zidovudine but after the CXCR-4 antagonist AMD3100 during the early stage of viral infection. Although the pinpoint target of Pf-gp6 remains to be elucidated, it may interfere with a step between viral entry and reverse transcription.
Kawahata
T
T
Department of Microbiology, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan. kawahata@iph.pref.osaka.jp
Otake
T
T
Mori
H
H
Kojima
Y
Y
Oishi
I
I
Oka
S
S
Fukumori
Y
Y
Sano
K
K
D000327:Adsorption / Q000187:drug effects; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015726:Giant Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D031344:Perilla frutescens / Q000737:chemistry*; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D006023:Glycoproteins; D015728:Receptors, HIV