title: The effect of bone-associated growth factors and cytokines on the growth of prostate cancer cells derived from soft tissue versus bone metastases in vitro.
abstract: Prostate cancer metastasis to bone may be mediated by preferential proliferation of these cells in the bone's microenvironment. We hypothesize that this preferential proliferation is mediated by bone-associated growth factors (GFs) and cytokines. To test our hypothesis, human prostate cancer cells, derived from both soft tissue (LNCaP, DuCaP, DU145) and bone metastases (PC-3, VCaP, MDA-2a, MDA-2b), were treated with bone-associated GFs and cytokines (PDGF, IGF-1, TGF-beta, EGF, bFGF, TNF-alpha, IL-1, and IL-6) for 48 h, and their growth responses were compared. The responses of soft tissue-derived prostate cancer cell lines to bone GFs and cytokines were variable. LNCaP cell growth was stimulated by IGF-1 but was inhibited by TNF-alpha. DU145 cell growth was stimulated with EGF. Prostate cancer cell lines derived from bone metastases also responded variably to bone GFs and cytokines. IL-1 stimulated the growth of MDA-2a and 2b cell lines in a dose-dependent manner. PDGF and bFGF both demonstrated variable effects on bone-derived prostate cancer cell lines. TNF-alpha inhibited proliferation of the VCaP cells. These findings demonstrate that human prostate cancer cell lines derived from bone metastases may not respond preferentially to bone-associated GFs and cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-Lae
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Pienta
authors.forename: Wun-Jae
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Carlton R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D002455:Cell Division; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006133:Growth Substances; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I