title: Mediastinal polyembryoma associated with Klinefelter syndrome.
abstract: A 4.5-year-old boy presented with isosexual precocious puberty and an anterior mediastinal mass. Surgical resection demonstrated a teratoma with foci of malignant mixed germ cell tumor elements of polyembryoma. On further investigation he was found to have Klinefelter syndrome. Most mediastinal germ cell tumors are treated with adjuvant therapy. He was managed with surgical excision alone and is well at 2 years follow-up. The rationale for this approach is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Memorial University, St John's Newfoundland, Canada.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Beresford
authors.forename: Conrad V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cummings
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sanderson
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ming-Yu
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giacomantonio
mesh_terms: D018236:Carcinoma, Embryonal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D002465:Cell Movement; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000378:metabolism; D018237:Germinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D007713:Klinefelter Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D009386:Neoplastic Syndromes, Hereditary / Q000235:genetics*; D009384:Paraneoplastic Endocrine Syndromes / Q000209:etiology; D011629:Puberty, Precocious / Q000209:etiology*; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone