title: Occurrence of acute lower limb injuries in artistic gymnasts in relation to event and exercise phase.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To record the incidence of lower limb injuries (acute and overuse syndromes) in Greek artistic gymnasts in relation to the event and exercise phase.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 162 gymnasts (83 male and 79 female athletes) participating in the Greek artistic gymnastic championships were observed weekly for the 1999-2000 season.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety three (61.6%) acute injuries and 58 (38.4%) overuse syndromes were recorded. The most common anatomical location was the ankle (69 cases, 45.7%), followed by the knee (40 cases, 26.5%). The rate of mild injuries was 26.6% (25 cases), that of moderate injuries was 44% (41 cases), and that of major injuries was 29% (27 cases). The incidence of injury to the ankle and knee was significantly higher in the floor exercise, especially during the landing phase, than in the other events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  By its nature, gymnastics predisposes to acute injuries, but up to 75% are mild or moderate. Special attention should be paid to the floor exercise, especially the landing phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Greece.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kirialanis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malliou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beneka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Giannakopoulos
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D006173:Gymnastics / Q000293:injuries*; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence