title: Retrospective seroepidemiological survey for human babesiosis in an area in Japan where a tick-borne disease is endemic.
abstract: A total of 1,335 archived human sera collected in 1985 from an area in Japan where a tick-borne disease is endemic were examined by indirect immunofluorescence antibody test (IFAT) to estimate seroprevalence against three serologically distinct types of Babesia microti-like parasites; namely, Hobetsu, Kobe, and U.S. types. Eighteen sera (1.3%) were found to be IFAT-positive (titer 1:100-1:6,400), of which 14 and three were ascertained by Western blot analysis to be positive against the Hobetsu and Kobe types, respectively. In addition, four sera showed an IFAT titer of 1:100 against the U.S. type, but they appeared to be false-positive because they were cross-reactive against the Hobetsu and Kobe types, and also because a U.S.-type parasite has not been found in Japan. Our results suggest that human babesiosis in Japan occurred prior to the discovery of the index case in 1999 and that the infections were caused mainly by Hobetsu-type parasites.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kaiho
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murayama
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zamoto
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okabe
authors.forename: Tsuneo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ishihara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D001096:Arachnid Vectors / Q000469:parasitology; D001403:Babesia / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001404:Babesiosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D017282:Tick-Borne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D013987:Ticks / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan