title: Changes in personality pathology after pharmacotherapy and combined therapy for depressed patients.
abstract: The central question addressed by this article is whether courses of treatment consisting of pharmacotherapy or pharmacotherapy combined with psychotherapy (combined therapy) produce different changes in personality pathology at follow-up after 40 weeks. We also examined whether recovery from depression has an influence on outcome. The study population consisted of 128 outpatients in whom personality pathology and severity of depression were determined at the start of the study. For 72 patients, personality pathology and severity of depression were determined again after 40 weeks. Of the group of 72 patients, 25 patients received only pharmacotherapy for 6 months, and 47 patients received combined treatment (pharmacotherapy and psychodynamic supportive psychotherapy). The antidepressant protocol provides for three successive steps in case of intolerance or inefficacy: fluoxetine, amitriptyline, and moclobemide. The combined therapy condition consisted of 16 sessions of Short Psychodynamic Supportive Psychotherapy in addition to pharmacotherapy. In the combined therapy condition there was a significant reduction in personality pathology in patients who recovered from depression but also in patients who had not. In the pharmacotherapy condition the significant decrease was restricted to patients who recovered from depression. The results were most striking for Cluster C psychopatology. Patients with cluster B pathology changed the least. Depressed patients with comorbid personality pathology appear to benefit most from a combination of pharmacotherapy and a form of short, psychodynamic, supportive psychotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Mentrum Mental Health Organization Amsterdam, The Netherlands. simone.kool@mentrum.nl
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kool
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.forename: Inge J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Duijsens
authors.forename: Frans
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Jonghe
authors.forename: Barteld
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Puite
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents