title: Risk factors of nosocomial catheter-associated urinary tract infection in a polyvalent intensive care unit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk factors for catheter-associated urinary tract infection in a polyvalent intensive care unit (ICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study in a 16-bed polyvalent ICU in a French university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective patient surveillance of patients included in two successive studies of two urine drainage systems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacteriuria occurrence in 553 ICU patients requiring a bladder catheter for longer than 48 h. The following variables were analyzed as possible risk factors: age, sex, severity score at admission, diagnosis on admission, duration of bladder catheterization, length of ICU stay, prior exposure to antibiotics, and system of urine drainage. The frequency of catheter-associated bacteriuria was 9.6%. From the multivariate analysis, five independent risk factors were determined: sex female, length of ICU stay, use of an antimicrobial therapy, severity score at admission, and duration of catheterization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study the drainage system did not influence the occurrence of bacteriuria. To decrease the rate of catheter-associated bacteriuria in polyvalent ICU patients removal of the bladder catheter must be performed as soon as possible.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit and Trauma Center, Nord Hospital AP-HM, Marseilles University Hospital System, Marseilles School of Medicine, 13915, Marseille cedex 20, France. marc.leone@ap-hm.fr.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit and Trauma Center, Nord Hospital AP-HM, Marseilles University Hospital System, Marseilles School of Medicine, 13915, Marseille cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Albanèse
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit and Trauma Center, Nord Hospital AP-HM, Marseilles University Hospital System, Marseilles School of Medicine, 13915, Marseille cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Garnier
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Epidemiology and Statistics, Marseilles University Hospital System, Marseilles School of Medicine, 13915, Marseille cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sapin
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Epidemiology and Statistics, Marseilles University Hospital System, Marseilles School of Medicine, 13915, Marseille cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barrau
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit and Trauma Center, Nord Hospital AP-HM, Marseilles University Hospital System, Marseilles School of Medicine, 13915, Marseille cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bimar
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit and Trauma Center, Nord Hospital AP-HM, Marseilles University Hospital System, Marseilles School of Medicine, 13915, Marseille cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D001437:Bacteriuria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D004322:Drainage / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D017053:Infection Control; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013997:Time Factors; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents