title: Infection of human astrocytoma cells with simian-human immunodeficiency virus results in up-regulation of gene expression and altered growth properties.
abstract: Recent reports of human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection of astrocytes suggest a role for astrocytes in HIV encephalitis. In this study, we infected a human astrocytoma cell line with a pathogenic simian HIV (SHIV(50OLNV)) and examined growth patterns and immunomodulatory genes. Approximately 1% of uninfected cells in culture expressed glial fibrillary acid protein (GFAP) whereas 40% of the cells expressed GFAP at 7 days post-inoculation along altered growth patterns. Using targeted cytokine cDNA arrays, we found that SHIV(50OLNV) infection resulted in the up-regulation of several genes including metalloproteinase bone morphogenic protein 1 and chemokines monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and stromal cell derived factor 1alpha. These data suggest that astrocytic activation, altered morphology and up-regulation of immunomodulatory genes in response to SHIV infection may participate in initiation of inflammation and trafficking of infected monocytes/macrophages into the central nervous system, potentiating the development of HIV encephalitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA.
authors.forename: Dinesh K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Rajani
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chouduri
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pacyniak
authors.forename: Nancy E J
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: Edward B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Stephens
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein