title: Activation of the human endogenous retrovirus W long terminal repeat by herpes simplex virus type 1 immediate early protein 1.
abstract: The U3 region of the human endogenous retrovirus W long terminal repeat (HERV-W LTR) contains several putative regulatory sequences that regulate the transcription of neighboring cellular genes, as well as viral genes. We found that the LTR-directed transcription of the HERV-W can be induced by the herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection. The effect was partly mediated by the action of the HSV-1 immediate early protein 1 (IE1), and required an Oct-1 binding site that is located in the LTR. Results from the gel shift assay also suggest that HSV-1 stimulates the LTR through enhancing the DNA binding activity of Oct-1. This effect might be important in understanding both the HERV-W- and HSV-1-mediated pathogenesis, because HERVs represent an important class of retro-transpositional mutagens, and could also provide a new regulatory element for the nearby cellular genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, College of Natural Sciences, Pusan National University, Busan 609-735, Korea.
authors.forename: Woo Jung
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kwun
authors.forename: Hee Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung Lib
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Jang
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000235:genetics*; D017781:Genes, Immediate-Early; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006367:HeLa Cells; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051863:Host Cell Factor C1; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D008156:Luciferases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D050811:Octamer Transcription Factor-1; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018243:Teratocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D020079:Terminal Repeat Sequences; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497692:HCFC1 protein, human; D051863:Host Cell Factor C1; C050678:IE1 protein, Human herpesvirus 1; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D050811:Octamer Transcription Factor-1; C494165:POU2F1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014764:Viral Proteins; D004247:DNA; D008156:Luciferases