Laparoscopic intersphincteric resection with coloplasty and coloanal anastomosis for mid and low rectal cancer.
BACKGROUND
The feasibility of laparoscopic rectal resection in patients with mid or low rectal cancer was studied prospectively with regard to quality of mesorectal excision, autonomic pelvic nerve preservation and anal sphincter preservation.


METHODS
Laparoscopic rectal excision was performed in 32 patients (21 men) with rectal carcinoma located 5 cm from the anal verge. Most patients had T3 disease and received preoperative radiotherapy. The surgical procedure was performed 6 weeks after radiotherapy and included total mesorectal excision, intersphincteric resection, transanal coloanal anastomosis with coloplasty and loop ileostomy.


RESULTS
Three patients needed conversion to a laparotomy. Postoperative morbidity occurred in ten patients, related mainly to coloplasty. Macroscopic evaluation showed an intact mesorectal excision in 29 of 32 excised specimens; microscopically, 30 of the 32 resections were R0. Sphincter preservation was achieved in 31 patients. The hypogastric nerves and pelvic plexuses were identified and preserved in 24 of the 32 patients. Sexual function was preserved in ten of 18 evaluable men.


CONCLUSIONS
A laparoscopic approach can be considered in most patients with mid or low rectal cancer.
Rullier
E
E
Department of Surgery, Saint-André Hospital, Bordeaux, France. eric.rullier@chu-bordeaux.fr
Sa Cunha
A
A
Couderc
P
P
Rullier
A
A
Gontier
R
R
Saric
J
J
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011351:Proctoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies