title: The effect of poly (adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase inhibitors on biochemical changes in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Poly (adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase inhibitors have been used successfully to decrease ischemia-reperfusion injury in several organ systems. We evaluated the efficacy of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors on biochemical changes in testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 9 groups of 6 each. One group served to determine baseline values of biochemical parameters, 1 that underwent sham operation served as a control, 1 underwent 2 hours of testicular torsion and 4 hours of detorsion, 2 received pretreatment with vehicle (saline or dimethyl sulfoxide) before detorsion and 4 received pretreatment with the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitor nicotinamide, 3-aminobenzamide, 1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline or 4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide before detorsion. Lipid peroxidation products, nitric oxide content and myeloperoxidase activity, an indicator of neutrophil accumulation, were assessed in testicular and renal tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Testicular torsion-detorsion caused a significant increase in lipid peroxidation products, nitric oxide content and myeloperoxidase activity in ipsilateral testes (p <0.01) but not in the contralateral testes or kidneys. Animals treated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors had a significant decrease in these biochemical parameters compared with vehicle treated animals (p <0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data emphasize that poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase may have a role in testicular damage caused by ischemia-reperfusion and the inhibition of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase may be a novel approach to therapy for ischemia-reperfusion injury of the testis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Mersin School of Medicine, Zeytinlibahce Caddesi, 33079-Mersin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bozlu
authors.forename: Gülçin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Eskandari
authors.forename: Selahittin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cayan
authors.forename: Bülent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Canpolat
authors.forename: Erdem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akbay
authors.forename: Uğur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Atik
mesh_terms: D015057:1-Naphthylamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D053644:Naphthalimides; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D015363:Quinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D013086:Spermatic Cord Torsion / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology; D013737:Testis / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D007546:Isoquinolines; D053644:Naphthalimides; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D015363:Quinolones; C086538:4-amino-1,8-naphthalimide; D009536:Niacinamide; C095653:1,5-dihydroxyisoquinoline; C025160:3-aminobenzamide; D015057:1-Naphthylamine