title: Multi-dimensional liquid phase based separations in proteomics.
abstract: This review covers recent developments towards the implementation of multi-dimensional (MuD) liquid phase based systems for proteome investigations. Although two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) has been used as a standard approach in proteomics, its drawbacks including the limited dynamic range and molecular mass range, together with lack of on-line integration with biological mass spectrometery (Bio-MS) have limited its widespread use and applications in proteomics. In the meantime, various liquid-phase based multi-dimensional separation techniques have been explored. Especially, with the emergence of the combination of nanoflow capillary high-performance liquid chromatography (cHPLC) and Bio-MS, attention is again refocused on utilizing multi-dimensional liquid-phase based separation of proteins. Some remarkable applications of on-line analysis of intact proteins and on-column digested proteins, and the emergence of approaches such as multiple HPLC-electrospray ionization tandem MS and capillary array electrophoresis-matrix assisted laser desorption ionization MS, have stimulated thinking towards developing a automated multi-dimensional system (MuDSy) that integrates liquid phase based separation, digestion and identification of proteins in complex biological mixtures.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Department of Pediatrics, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0656, USA.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hanash
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D011506:Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins