title: New sensitive method for the measurement of lysozyme and lactoferrin to explore mucosal innate immunity. Part II: time-resolved immunofluorometric assay used in HIV patients with oral candidiasis.
abstract: The aim of this study was to explore lysozyme and lactoferrin concentrations in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients with oropharyngeal candidiasis (OPC). These proteins were measured by time-resolved immunofluorometric assay, validated in Part I of this study, in paired serum and salivary secretions of 30 patients. Eleven HIV-positive patients without OPC, eight HIV-positive patients with OPC and eleven HIV-negative healthy subjects were included in the study. The relative coefficient of excretion of salivary albumin was used to establish protein origin. In serum, the low lactoferrin concentrations in HIV-infected patients with and without OPC (0.610 mg/l (p < 0.05) and 0.896 mg/l (p < 0.01) vs. 1.439 mg/l in healthy subjects) were probably due to a decrease in nonspecific immunity, particularly the polymorphonuclear cells. In HIV-infected patients with OPC, the high salivary lysozyme and lactoferrin concentrations (170.94 mg/l and 66.48 mg/l vs. 23.35 mg/l and 10.20 mg/l in healthy subjects, respectively) and their mean relative coefficient of excretion of above 1 indicated a high local production of lysozyme and lactoferrin in saliva. The development of OPC in HIV-infected patients could be a consequence of inefficient lysozyme and lactoferrin concentrations and of decreased cooperation between innate and adaptative immune systems.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoires de Parasitologie-Mycologie (EA 482) et Immunologie (EA 3181), Faculté de Médecine-Pharmacie, Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Sophy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laibe
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bard
authors.forename: Sabéha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biichlé
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vielle
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Millon
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Drobacheff
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Seilles
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meillet
mesh_terms: D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015200:Fluoroimmunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D009113:Muramidase / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012015:Reference Standards; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009113:Muramidase; D007781:Lactoferrin