title: Demographic, autoimmune, and clinical profiles of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus in Oman.
abstract: Seventy female and three male Omani systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients are described. At disease onset, 45 (62%) were under 20 years of age, and the remainder were between 20 and 44. Of all cases, 48% were familial. Over 5 years, the cumulative frequencies of autoantibodies was: antinuclear antibodies (ANA) 97%, anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies 92%, extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) antibodies 64%, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) 58%, antiphospholipid (APL) antibodies 80%, and rheumatoid factor (Rf) 22%. Ribonucleoprotein (RNP) antibodies were found in 15/45 younger-onset and 2/28 older-onset patients (chi(2)=6.63, P<0.02). The mean SLE disease activity score (SLEDAI) was 13.5+11.4, and the cumulative frequencies of systemic involvement were: neurological 33.8%, vascular 10.4%, musculoskeletal 53.9%, renal 50.7%, dermal 80.5%, serosal 23.9%, immunological 95%, constitutional 31.3%, and haematological 26.0%. Linear regression analysis showed that high-titre ANA were predictors for pyuria (odds ratio [OR] 9.06, P=0.01). Antiextractable nuclear antigen antibodies were predictors for disease of the neurological (OR 26.3, P=0.008) and serosal (OR 27.7, P=0.005) systems, and anti-Sm antibodies for alopecia (OR 5.93, P=0.088) and hypocomplementaemia (OR 14.6, P= 0.016). Antibodies of known diagnostic utility may also give insights into the pathogenesis of SLE.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, College of Medicine, Sultan Qaboos University, P.O. Box 35 Al-Khod, Muscat 123, Sultanate of Oman.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Al-Maini
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: El-Ageb
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Al-Wahaibi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Al-Farsi
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Richens
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009850:Oman / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers