title: The novel human MOST-1 (C8orf17) gene exhibits tissue specific expression, maps to chromosome 8q24.2, and is overexpressed/amplified in high grade cancers of the breast and prostate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate genes that participate in the process of oncogenesis, primers based on the E6 genes of genital human papillomaviruses (HPVs) were used to amplify potential expressed sequence tags (ESTs) from the MOLT-4 T lymphoblastic leukaemia cell line.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with human papillomavirus E6 gene primers, an EST from the MOLT-4 T lymphoblastic leukaemia cell line was amplified. Via rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) and cycle sequencing from MOLT-4 and fetal lung cDNA libraries, overlapping cDNAs of 2786 bp and 2054 bp of the corresponding novel human intronless gene designated MOST-1 (for MOLT-4 sequence tag-1) were characterised and assigned the symbol C8orf17 by the HUGO Nomenclature Committee.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both cDNAs contained a potential open reading frame (ORF) of 297 bp incorporating a methionine codon with an ideal Kozak consensus sequence for translation initiation, and encoding a putative hydrophilic polypeptide of 99 amino acids. Although reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) demonstrated MOST-1 expression in all 19 cancer and two normal cell lines tested, differential expression was seen in only nine of 16 normal tissues tested (heart, kidney, liver, pancreas, small intestine, ovary, testis, prostate, and thymus). A 388 bp fragment was amplified from the NS-1 mouse myeloma cell line, the sequence of which was identical to that within the MOST-1 ORF. The MOST-1 gene was mapped by fluorescent in situ hybridisation to chromosome 8q24.2, a region amplified in many breast cancers and prostate cancers, which is also the candidate site of potential oncogene(s) other than c-myc located at 8q24.1. Analysis of paired biopsies of invasive ductal breast cancer and adjacent normal tissue by semiquantitative and real time RT-PCR revealed average tumour to normal ratios of MOST-1 expression that were two times greater in grade 3 cancers than in grade 1 and 2 cancers. Quantitative real time PCR of archival prostatic biopsies displayed MOST-1 DNA values that were 9.9, 7.5, 4.2, and 1.4 times higher in high grade carcinomas, intermediate grade carcinomas, low grade carcinomas, and benign hyperplasias, respectively, than in normal samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest a role for MOST-1 in cellular differentiation, proliferation, and carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Human Genome Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge 117597, Singapore.
authors.forename: J M M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: E P C
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Tock
authors.forename: V T K
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002460:Cell Line; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D002898:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 / Q000235:genetics*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm