title: Association between a promoter dopamine D2 receptor gene variant and the personality trait detachment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Personality traits have shown considerable heritable components. Striatal dopamine D(2) receptor density, as determined by positron-emission tomography, has been associated with detached personality, as assessed by the Karolinska Scales of Personality. A putative functional promoter polymorphism in the dopamine D(2) receptor gene (DRD2), -141C ins/del, has been associated with dopamine D(2) receptor density.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study healthy subjects (n = 235) who filled in at least one of several personality questionnaires (Karolinska Scales of Personality, Swedish Universities Scales of Personality, Health-relevant Five-factor Personality Inventory, and Temperament and Character Inventory) were analyzed with regard to the DRD2 -141C ins/del variant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an association (p =.001) between the DRD2 -141C ins/del variant and Karolinska Scales of Personality Detachment scale, indicating higher scores in subjects with the -141C del variant. There were also associations between the DRD2 -141C ins/del variant and a number of Karolinska Scales of Personality and Swedish Universities Scales of Personality Neuroticism-related scales, but of these only Swedish Universities Scales of Personality Lack of Assertiveness scale (p =.001) survived correction for multiple testing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results add further support for the involvement of dopamine D(2) receptor in certain personality traits. The results should be treated with caution until replicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Psychiatry Section, HUBIN project, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Erik G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Jönsson
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cichon
authors.forename: J Petter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Gustavsson
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grünhage
authors.forename: Kaj
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Forslund
authors.forename: Marja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mattila-Evenden
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rylander
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asberg
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Farde
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Propping
authors.forename: Markus M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Nöthen
mesh_terms: D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics*; D013548:Sweden; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2