Ground deposition impact of aerially applied fenthion on the fiddler crabs, Uca pugilator.
Caged fiddler crabs, Uca pugilator, were exposed to field ULV applications to measure the impact of fenthion. Two nozzle systems, conventional flat-fan nozzles (Tee Jet 8002SS) and high-pressure hydraulic nozzles (1/8 MIS), were compared using single spray swaths. Fenthion residues were detected throughout the 4.83-km test zone for both systems. Heavy ground deposits (650-1,670 microg/m2) of fenthion were found within 1 km using the flat-fan nozzle systems, which resulted in 80% fiddler crab mortality. Less than 100 microg/m2 fenthion ground deposits were detected during the high-pressure nozzle trials. No fiddler crab mortality was observed within the first 1-km zone following 3 single swath applications repeated during 3 consecutive nights. We found also that when the fiddler crabs were exposed to 700-800 microg/m2 fenthion, mortality occurred. Significant crab mortality (>50%) was observed when residues exceeded 1,000 microg/m2.
Zhong
He
H
John A. Mulrennan, Sr., Public Health Entomology Research and Education Center, Florida A&M University, 4000 Frankford Avenue, Panama City, FL 32405, USA.
Dukes
James
J
Greer
Mike
M
Hester
Phil
P
Shirley
Michael
M
Anderson
Beverly
B
D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D003386:Brachyura / Q000187:drug effects*; D005284:Fenthion / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005431:Florida; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014919:Wind
D000336:Aerosols; D007306:Insecticides; D005284:Fenthion