title: Antibodies to Schistosoma mansoni in human cerebrospinal fluid.
abstract: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum samples from patients suspected of having neuroschistosomiasis (NS) were evaluated by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Monoclonal antibodies of various immunoglobulin isotypes (IgM, IgA, IgE, total IgG, IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4) were used to detect antibodies against Schistosoma mansoni soluble egg antigen (SEA) and soluble worm adult preparation (SWAP). Of the 83 CSF samples tested, 55% were reactive to SEA (26% were reactive only to SEA and 29% to both SEA and SWAP), 34% were reactive to SWAP (5% only to SWAP and 29% to both SEA and SWAP), and 40% were not reactive with any antigen. Cases that tested positive for SWAP in CSF and negative in serum were not found. Samples with high specific IgG antibody titers were selected for immunoglobulin isotype profiling. In the CSF samples, the antibodies against SEA and SWAP were mainly IgM, IgG1, and IgG4, although other immunoglobulins were also detected. Interestingly, nine patients had high levels of IgG1 only in the CSF. These results suggest that there is local synthesis of IgG1, and that this isotype could be an important immunologic marker in the diagnosis of NS.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz-FIOCRUZ, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
authors.forename: Isis F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Magalhães-Santos
authors.forename: Denise C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Lemaire
authors.forename: Antonio S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Andrade-Filho
authors.forename: Aristides C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.forename: Otávio M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Theomira M A
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Carmo
authors.forename: Isadora C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.forename: Débora M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Michely F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Rego
authors.forename: Ana Paula T
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Guedes
authors.forename: Mitermayer G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Reis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000469:parasitology; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000276:immunology*; D012552:Schistosomiasis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D007132:Immunoglobulin Isotypes