title: Parametric mixture model for analysing relative survival of patients with multiple cancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study aimed to provide a parametric mixture model for analysing relative survival and cure rates of patients with multiple cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A new model was introduced by extending a parametric mixture model on relative survival of patients with a single cancer. The model was applied to empirical data on lung cancer as a first and second tumour after a first localised colorectal cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Survival and cure from subsequent cancer are estimatable with the parametric mixture model on relative survival of patients with multiple cancers. Survival from lung cancer does not differ between the first and second tumour, but there is suggestive evidence that survival from second lung cancer is higher than that from the first lung cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Relative survival analysis of patients with multiple cancers can be extended to incorporate cure rates and excess hazards related to the individual cancers. Prognostic factors can be included in the model.
authors.affiliation: Finnish Cancer Registry, Liisankatu, Helsinki.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heinävaara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hakulinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000401:mortality*; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000401:mortality*; D012306:Risk; D016019:Survival Analysis