title: Screening for sexually transmitted infections in substance abuse treatment programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the prevalence of the sexually transmitted infections (STIs) chlamydia and gonorrhea in clients at a methadone maintenance program and a residential detoxification program.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected urine specimens for chlamydia and gonorrhea ligase chain reaction testing and assessed sexual, substance abuse and STI histories.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 700 subject assessments, 490 occurred among detoxification clients and 210 in methadone maintenance. Chlamydia trachomatis was detected in 5/700 (0.9, 95% CI=0.1-1.8%) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in none. All chlamydia infected subjects were recruited from the detoxification program. Subjects reported high risk sexual behavior: 17% reported commercial sex exchange, and 22% reported inconsistent condom use with multiple sexual partners during the prior 2 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on prevalence in Boston, MA, universal screening for STI in substance abuse treatments programs is not warranted. However, routine screening for younger substance abusers and in communities with high prevalence should be considered.
authors.affiliation: Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA 02118, USA. jliebs@bu.edu
authors.forename: Jane M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Liebschutz
authors.forename: Erin P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Finley
authors.forename: Phillip G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Braslins
authors.forename: Demian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Christiansen
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Horton
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Samet
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001900:Boston / Q000453:epidemiology; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015995:Prevalence; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000652:urine; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D008691:Methadone