title: Enzymatic preparation of ginsenosides Rg2, Rh1, and F1.
abstract: During investigation of the hydrolysis of a protopanaxatriol-type saponin mixture by various glycoside hydrolases, crude preparations of beta-galactosidase from Aspergillus oryzae and lactase from Penicillium sp. were found to produce two minor saponins, ginsenoside Rg(2) [6-O-(alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl)-20(S)-protopanaxatriol] and ginsenoside Rh(1) (6-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxatriol), respectively, in high yields. Moreover, a naringinase preparation from Penicillium decumbens readily gave an intestinal bacterial metabolite, ginsenoside F(1) (20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxatriol), as the main product, with a small amount of 20(S)-protopanaxatriol from a protopanaxatriol-type saponin mixture. Also, a hesperidinase from Penicillium sp. selectively hydrolyzed ginsenoside Re into ginsenoside Rg(1). This is the first report on the enzymatic preparation of minor saponins, ginsenosides Rg(2) and Rh(1), and of an intestinal bacterial metabolite, ginsenoside F(1), with high efficiency from a protopanaxatriol-type saponin mixture.
authors.affiliation: Korea Ginseng and Tobacco Research Institute, Yusong-ku, Taejon, Korea.
authors.forename: Sung-Ryong
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Kang-Ju
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005894:Panax / Q000201:enzymology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D010936:Plant Extracts; C055327:ginsenoside F1; C026474:ginsenoside Rg2; C425564:ginsenoside Rh1; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases