title: MyoD stimulates RB promoter activity via the CREB/p300 nuclear transduction pathway.
abstract: The induction of RB gene transcription by MyoD is a key event in the process of skeletal muscle differentiation, because elevated levels of the retinoblastoma protein are essential for myoblast cell cycle arrest as well as for the terminal differentiation and survival of postmitotic myocytes. We previously showed that MyoD stimulates transcription from the RB promoter independently of direct binding to promoter sequences. Here we demonstrate that stimulation by MyoD requires a cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE) in the RB promoter, bound by the transcription factor CREB in differentiating myoblasts. We also show that both the CREB protein level and the level of phosphorylation of the CREB protein at Ser-133 rapidly increase at the onset of muscle differentiation and that both remain high throughout the myogenic process. Biochemical and functional evidence indicates that in differentiating myoblasts, MyoD becomes associated with CREB and is targeted to the RB promoter CRE in a complex also containing the p300 transcriptional coactivator. The resulting multiprotein complex stimulates transcription from the RB promoter. These and other observations strongly suggest that MyoD functions by promoting the efficient recruitment of p300 by promoter-bound, phosphorylated CREB.
authors.affiliation: CNR, Istituto Neurobiologia e Medicina Molecolare, I-00137 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Magenta
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cenciarelli
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Santa
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fuschi
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martelli
authors.forename: Maurizia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Felsani
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001483:Base Sequence; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050881:E1A-Associated p300 Protein; D016161:Genes, Retinoblastoma; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor
chemical_list: D000123:Acetyltransferases; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004247:DNA; D050881:E1A-Associated p300 Protein; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D017570:MyoD Protein; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor; C494361:Ep300 protein, mouse