title: Expression of mouse Tbx22 supports its role in palatogenesis and glossogenesis.
abstract: TBX22 belongs to the T-box family of transcription factors and was originally found in an in silico approach designed to identify new genes on the human Xq12-q21 region. Mutations in TBX22 have been reported in families with X-linked cleft palate and ankyloglossia (CPX), but the underlying pathogenetic mechanism remained unknown. We have identified mouse Tbx22 and analyzed its expression during embryogenesis by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and in situ hybridization. In mouse embryos, it is expressed in distinct areas of the head, namely the mesenchyme of the inferior nasal septum, the posterior palatal shelf before fusion, the attachment of the tongue, and mesenchymal cells surrounding the eye anlage. The localization in the tongue frenulum perfectly correlates with the ankyloglossia phenotype in CPX. Furthermore, we identified positionally conserved binding sites for transcription factors, two of which have been implicated previously in palatogenesis (MSX1, PRX2).
authors.affiliation: Max-Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Herr
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meunier
authors.forename: Ines
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rump
authors.forename: Reinald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fundele
authors.forename: H-Hilger
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Ropers
authors.forename: Ulrike A
authors.initials: UA
authors.lastname: Nuber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000196:embryology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010159:Palate / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014059:Tongue / Q000196:embryology* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020825:T-Box Domain Proteins; C416943:TBX22 protein, human