title: Brain delivery of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) following nasal administration to rats.
abstract: The aim of this work was to study in rats the nasal route for the brain delivery of the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) neuropeptide. After evaluating VIP stability in solutions obtained from nasal washes, the effect of formulation parameters (pH 4-9, 0-1% (w/v) lauroylcarnitine (LC), hypo- or isoosmolality) on the brain uptake of intranasally administered VIP (10(-8)M)/125I-VIP (300,000 cpm/ml) was studied, using an in situ perfusion technique. Brain radioactivity distribution was assessed by quantitative autoradiographic analysis. Results were compared to intravenously administered VIP. With a hypotonic formulation at pH 4 containing 0.1% LC and 1% bovine serum albumin, VIP stability was satisfactory and loss by adsorption was minimal. Using this formulation, around 0.11% of initial radioactivity was found in the brain after 30 min perfusion and was located in the olfactory bulbs, the midbrain and the cerebellum. HPLC analysis of brain and blood extracts demonstrated the presence of intact VIP in brain and its complete degradation in the blood compartment. By intravenous administration, no intact VIP was found either in brain or in blood. In conclusion, intact VIP could be delivered successfully to the brain using the intranasal route for administration.
authors.affiliation: Equipe émergente Médicaments Anti-infectieux et Barrière Hématoencéphalique, Laboratoire de Pharmacie Galénique et Biopharmacie, Faculté de Médecine et de Pharmacie, 34 rue du Jardin des Plantes, BP199, 86005 Poitiers Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dufes
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Olivier
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaillard
authors.forename: Afsaneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaillard
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Couet
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D001345:Autoradiography; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002331:Carnitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004355:Drug Stability; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D007848:Laurates; D008297:Male; D017817:Nasal Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010539:Permeability; D010592:Pharmaceutic Aids; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D007848:Laurates; D010592:Pharmaceutic Aids; D014020:Tissue Extracts; C091947:lauroylcarnitine; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D002331:Carnitine