mRNA expression of the five membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases MT1-MT5 in human prostatic cell lines and their down-regulation in human malignant prostatic tissue.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to assess the expression of membrane-type matrix metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs) 1-5 in the human prostatic cell lines BPH-1, LNCaP, DU 145, PC-3, in malignant and non-malignant prostatic tissue samples, and in epithelial cells cultured from these tissue samples.


METHODS
Matched malignant and non-malignant tissue specimens were obtained from 12 men with untreated prostate carcinoma after radical prostatectomy. Expression of mRNA for the five MT-MMPs was quantified by real-time PCR technique and normalized to the expression of the housekeeping gene glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH).


RESULTS
The expression of the five MT-MMPs was distinctly different not only between the prostate cell lines but also varied in the same cell line. There was a general higher expression of all MT-MMPs except for MT3-MMP in the androgen-insensitive cells DU 145 and PC-3 compared with that in the androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells. Their relatively high expression in the benign prostatic cell line BPH-1 and also in the primary cell cultures from malignant and non-malignant tissue samples argues against a simple association between MT-MMP expression and invasiveness. In malignant tissue samples and their corresponding cell cultures, the expression of most MT-MMPs was down-regulated in comparison to the normal counterparts. There was no correlation between tumor classification data and the MT-MMP expression results.


CONCLUSIONS
In contrast to other carcinoma, the down-regulation of most MT-MMPs is typical for prostate carcinoma. It seems to occur mainly in epithelial cells and has to be examined as special characteristic of this tumor entity in further studies.
Jung
Monika
M
Department of Urology, University Hospital Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Berlin, Germany. monika.jung@charite.de
Römer
Andreas
A
Keyszer
Gernot
G
Lein
Michael
M
Kristiansen
Glen
G
Schnorr
Dietmar
D
Loening
Stefan A
SA
Jung
Klaus
K
D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D053513:Matrix Metalloproteinase 16; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D053504:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011467:Prostate / Q000201:enzymology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism
C507102:MMP16 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C402225:MMP17 protein, human; C492243:MMP24 protein, human; D053513:Matrix Metalloproteinase 16; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D053504:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases