title: Bone ingrowth fixation of artificial intervertebral disc consisting of bioceramic-coated three-dimensional fabric.
abstract: METHODS
  The bone-bonding characteristic of the new artificial intervertebral disc consisting of bioceramic-coated three-dimensional fabric was evaluated mechanically and histologically in an in vivo sheep model.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the mechanical properties and the histologic appearance of the interface between the three-dimensional fabric disc and the vertebral body, and to evaluate these alterations in vivo under a spinal segmentally mobile condition.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Bone ingrowth to the bioceramic-coated three-dimensional fabric surface had been demonstrated already under a stable environment in preliminary animal studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  For this study, 20 sheep underwent two-level lumbar intervertebral disc replacement with three-dimensional fabric discs (Group I) or bioceramic spacers as a comparative material (Group II). All operative segments were stabilized temporarily with spinal instrumentation for the initial ingrown phase. Four animals each were killed at 4, 6, 15, and 24 months in Group I and at 6 months in Group II, and the operative segments were subjected to either a detachment test or histologic evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The interfacial tensile strength at 6 months was significantly higher in Group I than in Group II. No significant decrease in tensile strength was detected until 24 months after surgery in Group I. Histologically, bone ingrowth to the three-dimensional fabric surface was observed 4 months after surgery, and no aseptic loosening occurred until 24 months after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings show that the three-dimensional fabric disc was firmly fixed to the vertebral body by bone ingrowth, and that this biologic fixation was preserved even under the spinal segmentally mobile condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahata
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kotani
authors.forename: Kuniyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abumi
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shikinami
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kadosawa
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneda
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minami
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002516:Ceramics / Q000009:adverse effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000009:adverse effects; D020007:Implants, Experimental / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000601:surgery*; D008161:Lumbosacral Region; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D023421:Models, Animal; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D020959:Polyethylene; D012756:Sheep; D013123:Spinal Fusion; D013131:Spine / Q000601:surgery; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013526:Surgical Mesh / Q000009:adverse effects; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D020959:Polyethylene