title: DNA immunization via intramuscular and intradermal routes using a gene gun provides different magnitudes and durations on immune response.
abstract: We investigated the antibody (Ab) and cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses to gene gun (GG)-mediated DNA immunization via the intramuscular (i.m.) and intradermal (i.d.) routes. BALB/c mice were immunized five times at weekly intervals with plasmid DNA encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP). EGFP production was rapidly detected in the target tissues after injection via either delivery route. There were significant differences in the magnitude and duration of the Ab and CTL responses according to the route employed. Intradermal injection elicited higher Ab and CTL responses to EGFP than i.m. injection 1 week after the last immunization. However, both immune responses were reduced rapidly 5 weeks after the last immunization via i.d. injection. In contrast, in mice injected via the i.m. routes, Ab and CTL responses 5 weeks after the last immunization remained at levels similar to those detected after 1 week. All mice generated a predominantly IgG1 Ab response via either route. These findings suggest that a combination of these two routes of DNA immunization would provide optimal conditions for induction of a broad immune response, and this information is expected to be very important for future applications of DNA vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Kitasato University School of Medicine, 1-15-1 Kitasato, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 228-8555, Japan. koichi@med.kitasato-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Nobukata
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Seishi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D019470:Biolistics; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006046:Gold; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D007114:Immunization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008863:Microspheres; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006046:Gold