title: Comparison of atraumatic restorative treatment and conventional restorative procedures in a hospital clinic: evaluation after 30 months.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate two glass-ionomer cements placed in the occlusal surfaces of permanent molar teeth, using two cavity preparation methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three dentists placed 149 restorations for 68 patients in a hospital clinic. Atraumatic restorative treatment or conventional cavity preparation methods were used for two encapsulated, high-strength conventional glass-ionomer cements: Fuji IX GP and Ketac-Molar. Non-gamma 2 amalgam alloy was used in conventional preparations for comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The restorative procedures were uneventful, but cavity preparations made with atraumatic restorative treatment hand instruments took approximately twice as long as did conventional rotary instrumentation. After 30 months, only one glass-ionomer cement restoration had failed. Both glass-ionomer cements showed high early losses of sealant material, but caries was not detected in the exposed fissures. Both glass-ionomer cements also showed relatively high restoration wear. At 30 months, the mean cumulative net occlusal wear was 119 +/- 12 mm for Fuji IX GP and 96 +/- 13 mm for Ketac-Molar; the difference was not statistically significant. Color matching improved significantly by 6 months; there was no significant difference in color match between the two glass-ionomer cements by 12 months. Minor surface tarnishing and marginal discrepancies were present in the amalgam restorations and increased with time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The occlusal restorations performed satisfactorily over periods of up to 30 months. However, the continued deterioration of the cements requires longer-term studies to be undertaken.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Stomatology, Beijing Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Roger J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Smales
authors.forename: Kevin H K
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yip
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003116:Color; D003343:Corrosion; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000737:chemistry; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D019554:Dental Restoration Wear; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D003796:Dental Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008963:Molar; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C439808:Fuji IX GP Fast; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; C110712:ketac-molar; D003723:Dental Amalgam