title: Implementation of potentially better practices for the prevention of brain hemorrhage and ischemic brain injury in very low birth weight infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Using an evidence-based approach, a Vermont Oxford Network focus group whose goal was to reduce brain injury developed and implemented a number of potentially better practices. Each center approached implementation of the practices differently. Reducing the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia are important for improving long-term outcomes for low birth weight infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  Implementation approaches for some but not all of the practices at the various centers are discussed. The practices reviewed include optimal peripartum management, such as resuscitation, avoidance of hypothermia, optimal surfactant delivery, early neonatal management by the most experienced providers, and measures to minimize pain and stress. Additional practices include maintenance of neutral head positioning, fluid volume therapy for hypotension, indomethacin prophylaxis, ventilator management, avoidance of routine suctioning, and limiting the use of sodium bicarbonate and postnatal dexamethasone.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approaches to implementation were center specific, and results vary. Although some practices were easier to implement than others, communication, education, and leadership were critical to the process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quality improvement multidisciplinary approach is a useful tool for finding ways to reduce the incidence of intraventricular hemorrhage and periventricular leukomalacia.
authors.affiliation: New Hanover Regional Medical Center, Wilmington, North Carolina 28402, USA. debra_mclendon@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McLendon
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Check
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carteaux
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moehring
authors.forename: Joel W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Secrest
authors.forename: Sue E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Sharon A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okuno-Jones
authors.forename: Debora S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: Pam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McKinley
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Whitfield
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019985:Benchmarking; D001831:Body Temperature; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006284:Health Plan Implementation / Q000379:methods*; D006612:High-Frequency Ventilation; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009936:Organizational Innovation; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017749:Total Quality Management / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D007213:Indomethacin