title: Synergistic antiviral effect of a combination of mouse interferon-alpha and interferon-gamma on mouse hepatitis virus.
abstract: Although interferon (IFN)-alpha and IFN-gamma have been reported to exhibit a synergistic antiviral effect through the different signaling pathways in vitro, their therapeutic efficacy is not well defined in vivo. The current study was carried out to investigate the combined antiviral effect in a model of mouse hepatitis virus Type 2 (MHV-2) infection, in which fulminant hepatitis is developed. MHV-2 was injected intraperitoneally into 4-week-old ICR mice, IFN or the vehicle was administered intramuscularly for 5 days, and the antiviral effect was evaluated based on survival periods, liver histology, serum alanine transaminase (ALT) levels, and MHV-2 virus titers in the liver tissues. The animals in the group treated with a combination of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma survived for longer periods than the groups treated with IFN-alpha alone and IFN-gamma alone (IFN-alpha 10(3) (IU/mouse)/-gamma 10(3) vs. IFN-alpha 10(3), P < 0.005; IFN-alpha 10(3)/-gamma 10(3) vs. IFN-gamma 10(3), P < 0.001). This is consistent with the lower levels of hepatocellular necrosis and serum ALT and the decreased titers of MHV-2 virus in the liver tissues (48 hr, P < 0.001; 72 hr, P < 0.001). These findings indicate that a combination of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma exhibits a synergistic antiviral effect on MHV-2 infection. The biology of MHV-2 is quite different from that of human hepatitis viruses; however, these results suggest the beneficial combined therapy of IFN-alpha and IFN-gamma for the treatment of human viral hepatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Ishikawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Uichiro
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Fuchizaki
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Yasunari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamoto
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imagawa
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018352:Coronavirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006524:Hepatitis, Viral, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D006517:Murine hepatitis virus / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma