title: Genetic differentiation within metapopulations of Euphydryas aurinia and Melitaea phoebe in China.
abstract: We analyzed genetic differentiation within metapopulations of two species of checkerspot butterfly, Euphydryas aurinia and Melitaea phoebe, in China. To generate genetic information, we used a new molecular technique, DALP - direct amplified length polymorphism. AMOVA results showed that most of the variation occurred among individuals within local populations of both E. aurinia and M. phoebe. However, while there was differentiation among local population in E. aurinia (P < 0.001), there was no subdivision in metapopulation of M. phoebe (P = 0.210). This is consistent with the behavior of M. phoebe adults being more dispersive than E. aurinia. Within the M. phoebe metapopulation, three neighboring patches were always occupied during the observation period (1998-2000). In addition, the number of individuals in these three populations accounted for the majority of M. phoebe larvae, and hence we conclude that the M. phoebe metapopulation might exist as a source-sink metapopulation. On the other hand, the E. aurinia metapopulation is an example of a classical metapopulation. Therefore, the conservation management of these two species should reflect these differences.
authors.affiliation: College of Life Sciences, Peking University, 100871 Beijing, People's Republic of China. rjwang@bio.pku.edu.cn
authors.forename: Rongjiang
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yifei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guangchun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Rumei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jodie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Painter
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002080:Butterflies / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D007814:Larva; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic