title: Non-oral drug delivery in Parkinson's disease: a summary from the symposium at the 7th International Congress of Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders. 10-14 November 2002, Miami, FL, USA.
abstract: This symposium reviewed the issues of non-oral therapy in the late stage Parkinson's disease (PD). The accepted standard treatment of PD is oral levodopa or oral dopamine agonists. However, the long-term complications and limitations of this treatment might be improved by changing therapy from the present pulsatile stimulation to a more constant stimulation of central dopamine receptors. Stimulation of these receptors may be possible with non-oral drug delivery treatments. Many of these non-oral options have been evaluated during the last few decades to find a more continuous drug delivery. The non-oral treatment options include invasive measures such as intraduodenal levodopa, subcutaneous apomorphin and most recently, the non-invasive transdermal (patch) delivery system, with the novel dopamine agonist rotigotine (Aderis Pharmaceuticals Inc.). The benefits of the non-oral, more continuous dopaminergic treatment of PD needs to be demonstrated in clinical trials and long-term clinical practice, before they can be considered as potential replacements of the standard oral therapy.
authors.affiliation: Schwarz Biosciences, Inc., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Behrens
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sommerville
mesh_terms: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003226:Congresses as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007980:Levodopa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D013876:Thiophenes; D007980:Levodopa; C047508:rotigotine