title: Clinical evaluation of in-office and at-home bleaching treatments.
abstract: This three-month, single-blind clinical study compared two whitening treatments, at-home with 10% carbamide peroxide and in-office with 35% hydrogen peroxide, for the degree of color change of teeth, color relapse and tooth and gum sensitivity. The degree of color change and color relapse was evaluated by using a colorimeter, shade guide and color slide photography. Teeth and gum sensitivity were self-evaluated by the subjects, who recorded daily the tooth and gum sensitivity they experienced during the two weeks of treatment and one week post-treatment. A 14-day at-home treatment was compared with 60 minutes of in-office treatment (two appointments, each with three 10-minute applications). The at-home treatment produced significantly lighter teeth than the in-office treatment during all active-treatment periods and follow-up visits according to all three-color evaluation methods. Color relapse for both treatments stabilized by six weeks. At-home treatment resulted in statistically significant higher gum sensitivity than in-office treatment during the latter part of the first week. For tooth sensitivity there were no significant differences between the treatments. Eighty four percent of the subjects reported at-home treatment to be more effective and 16% found no difference between the treatments. There were no subjects who reported the in-office treatment to be superior in tooth whitening to the at-home treatment.
authors.affiliation: Indiana University School of Dentistry, Indianapolis, IN, USA. rzekonie@iupui.edu
authors.forename: Ruta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zekonis
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Matis
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cochran
authors.forename: Sala E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Al Shetri
authors.forename: George J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Eckert
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Carlson
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003116:Color; D003124:Colorimetry; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004867:Equipment Design; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005881:Gingiva / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016877:Oxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010545:Peroxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010781:Photography; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D014070:Tooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D014508:Urea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide