title: Posterior-anterior glide of the femoral head in the acetabulum: a cadaver study.
abstract: METHODS
  Descriptive study employing cadaver dissection and measurement of posterior-anterior (PA) glide of the femoral head in the acetabulum.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To quantify PA glide of the femoral head in the acetabulum in a cadaveric sample.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Posterior-anterior glide of the femoral head within the acetabulum is a joint mobilization procedure described in orthopaedic physical therapy texts, yet there is no published evidence that the joint structures of the hip allow such movement. This study attempted to quantify PA glide of the femoral head in the hip joints of embalmed cadavers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve hips, 3 male and 9 female, from 8 embalmed cadavers were employed in this study. Hips were dissected to the level of the joint capsule and a metal rod inserted through the femoral neck served as a mobilizing handle. A load cell was installed into this handle so that mobilizing forces could be monitored. A dial gauge, which recorded displacement of the femoral head, was mounted to the pelvis via bone pins and an external fixator.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using mobilizing forces of 89, 178, 267, and 356 N, mean femoral head displacements of 0.57, 0.93, 1.20, and 1.52 mm were recorded. Within the 89-N trials, PA displacement ranged from a minimum of 0.04 mm to a maximum of 1.54 mm. Within the 356-N trials, PA displacement of the femoral head ranged from a minimum of 0.25 mm to a maximum of 2.90 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In an embalmed cadaveric model, measurable PA glide of the femoral head within the acetabulum does exist and it is highly variable between individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, College of Allied Health Professions, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. lharding@westerni.org
authors.forename: Linn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harding
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barbe
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shepard
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ajai
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lardiere
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sweringa
mesh_terms: D000077:Acetabulum / Q000502:physiology*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D005270:Femur Head / Q000502:physiology*; D006617:Hip Dislocation / Q000503:physiopathology; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000379:methods*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology