title: Comparison of the axonal and glial reactions between the caudal and rostral border in the cryoinjured dorsal funiculus of the rat spinal cord.
abstract: Axonal and glial reactions to traumatic injury were compared between the caudal and rostral border of the lesion after freeze-injury to the C3 dorsal funiculus by attaching a liquid nitrogen-cooled copper probe to the dorsum of the rat spinal cord. The axonal and glial changes were examined up to 60 days postoperative by light and electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry for neurofilaments. Regenerative axonal changes and the appearance of numerous undifferentiated cells were found at the caudal border 7 days after cryoinjury. In contrast, such axonal and cellular reactions were scarce at the rostral border. Undifferentiated cells clearly manifested their phenotypes by differentiating into oligodendrocytes or astrocytes 11 days postinjury. The results indicated that glial cell reactions occurred in association with regenerative axonal changes at the proximal stump of the injured nerve fibers, suggesting that regenerating and demyelinated naked axons could be responsible for the appearance of the immature glial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Yoshidakonoe-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitada
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mizoguchi
authors.forename: Koujiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tohyama
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohtsubo
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Shushovan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakrabortty
authors.forename: Chizuka
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ide