title: Nucleus isthmi enhances calcium influx into optic nerve fiber terminals in Rana pipiens.
abstract: We examined the role of nucleus isthmi in enhancing intracellular calcium concentrations in retinotectal fibers in the frog optic tectum in vitro. The intracellular calcium levels were measured using the fluorescent calcium-sensitive dye, Calcium Green-1 3000 mw dextran conjugate (CG-1), which was injected into one optic nerve. Electrical stimulation of the labeled optic nerve alone increased tectal CG-1 fluorescence whereas electrical stimulation of nucleus isthmi alone had no effect on CG-1 fluorescence. Electrical stimulation of the nucleus isthmi ipsilateral to the labeled tectum, followed by electrical stimulation to the optic nerve can enhance calcium uptake more than a double pulse stimulation of the optic nerve alone. Maximum enhancement of the calcium signal by nucleus isthmi occurs when optic nerve stimulation follows the ipsilateral nucleus isthmi stimulation by 10 ms. These results suggest that nucleus isthmi input can facilitate retinotectal neurotransmission, and the mechanism could be used to allow the frog to attend to a single prey stimulus in an environment of several prey stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Division of Science, Commonwealth College, Pennsylvania State University, 25 Yearsley Mill Road, Media, PA 19063, USA. ead9@psu.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Dudkin
authors.forename: Edward R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Gruberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007839:Functional Laterality; D008839:Microelectrodes; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000502:physiology; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000502:physiology; D011894:Rana pipiens / Q000502:physiology*; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000502:physiology*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009930:Organic Chemicals; C071336:calcium green; D002118:Calcium