title: Low elementary movement speed is associated with poor motor skill in Turner's syndrome.
abstract: The article aims to discriminate between 2 features that in principle both may be characteristic of the frequently observed poor motor performance in girls with Turner's syndrome (TS). On the one hand, a reduced movement speed that is independent of variations in spatial accuracy demands and therefore suggests a problem in motor execution. On the other hand, a disproportional slowing down of movement speed under spatial-accuracy demands, indicating a more central problem in motor programming. To assess their motor performance problems, 15 girls with TS (age 9.6-13.0 years) and 14 female controls (age 9.1-13.0 years) were tested using the Movement Assessment Battery for Children (MABC). In additionally, an experimental procedure using a variant of Fitts' graphic aiming task was used to try and disentangle the role of spatial-accuracy demands in different motor task conditions. The results of the MABC reestablish that overall motor performance in girls with TS is poor. The data from the Fitts' task reveal that TS girls move with the same accuracy as their normal peers but show a significantly lower speed independent of task difficulty. We conclude that a problem in motor execution is the main factor determining performance differences between girls with TS and controls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Physical Therapy, University Medical Center St. Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. r.nijhuis@cukz.umcn.nl
authors.forename: Maria W G
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Nijhuis-van der Sanden
authors.forename: Bouwien C M
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Smits-Engelsman
authors.forename: Paul A T M
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Eling
authors.forename: Bianca J G
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Nijhuis
authors.forename: Gerard P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Van Galen
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005385:Fingers / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D019957:Motor Skills Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D011930:Reaction Time; D013028:Space Perception; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014953:Wrist / Q000503:physiopathology