Vaccinoprophylaxis on the Eve of Centuries.
The aims and tasks of mass vaccinoprophylaxis in global (and, respectively, in national) scale are determined by Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI), which was formulated by World Health Organization (WHO) in 1974, and then it continuously was replenished meanwhile accumulating the experience and the development of scientific and technical base. At present, three stages of EPI development are under consideration: 1974-1990 (EPI-1), 1990-2000 (EPI-2) and the first decade of XXI century (projects under discussion EPI-3). The purpose of EPI-1 was oriented to the substantial decrease of morbidity with measles, poliomyelitis, diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus and tuberculosis. This aim was planned to be achieved by vaccination of 80% children of the first years old. EPI-2 was aimed to the control of morbidity with six above mentioned infections, as well as with hepatitis B. EPI-3 projects are supposed the extension of the list of eradicated infections, using vaccines. The experience of the former USSR and Russia gives an evidence that the results of mass vaccination, if they don't result in disease eradication, are reversible in that cases when immunization is ceased or not carried out in full volume. There is an activization of long not registered or registered on sporadic level of controlled infections by vaccines. Mass immunoprophylaxis, as Russia experience is evidenced, gives clear epidemiological result even under conditions of unfavorable socioeconomical state.
Semenov
Boris F.
BF
I.I. Mechnikov Scientific Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera of RAMS, Moscow, Russia.