Neuropharmacological sequelae of persistent CNS viral infections: lessons from Borna disease virus.
Borna Disease Virus (BDV) is a neurotropic RNA virus that is worldwide in distribution, causing movement and behavior disorders in a wide range of animal species. BDV has also been reported to be associated with neuropsychiatric diseases of humans by serologic study and by recovery of nucleic acid or virus from blood or brain. Natural infections of horses and sheep produce encephalitis with erratic excited behaviors, hyperkinetic movement or gait abnormalities; naturally infected cats have ataxic "staggering disease." Experimentally infected primates develop hyperactivity, aggression, disinhibition, then apathy; prosimians (lower primates) have hyperactivity, circadian disruption, abnormal social and dominance behaviors, and postural disorders. However, the neuropharmacological determinants of BD phenotypes in laboratory and natural hosts are incompletely understood. Here we review how experimentally infected rodents have provided models for examining behavioral, pharmacologic, and biochemical responses to viral challenge, and how rodents experimentally infected as neonates or as adolescents are providing models for examining age-specific neuropharmacological adaptations to viral injury.
Solbrig
Marylou V
MV
Department of Neurology and Pharmacology, University of California at Irvine, 3107 Gillespie Neuroscience Research Building, Irvine, CA 92697-4292, USA. msolbrig@uci.edu
Koob
George F
GF
D000818:Animals; D001890:Borna Disease / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D001891:Borna disease virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D020805:Central Nervous System Viral Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans