title: Minimum fungicidal concentrations of amphotericin B for bloodstream Candida species.
abstract: Minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFCs) of amphotericin B were obtained for 165 bloodstream isolates (104 Candida parapsilosis, 14 C.glabrata, 13 C.tropicalis, 15 C.krusei, and 19 C.albicans) and 36 C.dubliniensis from oropharyngeal infections. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined by the M27-A microdilution method. MFCs (> or =99.9% killing) were obtained following MIC determination (inoculum size, 10(4) CFU/ml) by seeding the entire volume of all clear wells. The best fungicidal activity was for C. albicans, (MFC90 1 microg/ml) and the lowest for C.parapsilosis, C.tropicalis and C.glabrata (MFC90 16 microg/ml). Although MFCs were > or =16x MIC for some isolates, including C. glabrata, the overall MFCs were > or =2x MICs. However, major differences between MICs and MFCs were observed for C.parapsilosis and C.dubliniensis (3.8% and 8.9%, respectively, were tolerant: MFC > or =32MIC). MFCs for C.tropicalis and C. glabrata were > or =2 microg/ml. By this more stringent method we found substantial differences from those previously reported between amphotericin B MIC and MFCs for Candida spp.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Microbiología Experimental-Centro de Investigación, Hospital Universitario La Fe, 46009, Valencia, Spain. canton_emi@gva.es <canton_emi@gva.es>
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cantón
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pemán
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viudes
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Quindós
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gobernado
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Espinel-Ingroff
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005260:Female; D016469:Fungemia / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B