title: Docetaxel inhibits SMMC-7721 human hepatocellular carcinoma cells growth and induces apoptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the in vitro anti-hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) activity of docetaxel against SMMC-7721 HCC cells and its possible mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The HCC cells were given different concentrations of docetaxel and their growth was measured by colony forming assay. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy (acridine orange/ethidium bromide double staining, AO/EB), as well as electronic microscopy. The SMMC-7721 HCC cell reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH) were measured after given docetaxel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Docetaxel inhibited the hepatocellular carcinoma cells growth in a concentration dependent manner with IC(50) 5 x 10(-10)M. Marked cell apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest were observed after treatment with docetaxel >=10(-8)M. Docetaxel promoted SMMC-7721 HCC cells ROS generation and GSH deletion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Docetaxel suppressed the growth of SMMC-7721 HCC cells in vitro by causing apoptosis and G2/M phase arrest of the human hepatoma cells, and ROS and GSH may play a key role in the inhibition of growth and induction of apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Director of Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Chang-Xin
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Zhao-Chong
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Ji-Yao
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000633:toxicity*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077143:Docetaxel; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000032:analysis; D043823:Taxoids; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D005978:Glutathione; D017239:Paclitaxel