title: Increased serum levels of YKL-40 in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Initiation of a fibrotic process has been suggested as part of the intestinal response to chronic inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease. YKL-40 has been proposed as a new serum marker of fibrosis. We studied compared the serum levels of YKL-40 in patients with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease with inflammatory and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  YKL-40 serum levels were measured in 179 patients with inflammatory bowel disease (94 ulcerative colitis, 85 Crohn's disease), in 23 with intestinal inflammation of other causes, and 70 matched healthy controls using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. YKL-40 levels were assessed in terms of disease activity, type and localization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean serum YKL-40 levels were 102.6+/-82.7 ng/ml in ulcerative colitis patients and 112.2+/-83.7 ng/ml in Crohn's disease patients, significantly higher than in healthy controls (64.1+/-21.4 ng/ml) but not significantly different from inflammatory controls (77.8+/-23.1 ng/ml). Disease activity and C-reactive protein levels were significantly correlated with YKL-40 levels in both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Crohn's disease patients with ileum localization had significantly higher YKL-40 levels than those with ileocolonic or colonic disease. Patients with stenotic disease had mean YKL-40 levels not significantly different than those with nonstenotic disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum levels of YKL-40 are increased in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, and this is associated with the inflammatory process rather than with the degree of fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Heraklion, P.O. Box 1352, 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece. ktjohn@her.forthnet.gr
authors.forename: Ioannis E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Koutroubakis
authors.forename: Efthymia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Petinaki
authors.forename: Philippos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dimoulios
authors.forename: Emmanouel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vardas
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roussomoustakaki
authors.forename: Antonios N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Maniatis
authors.forename: Elias A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kouroumalis
mesh_terms: D054392:Adipokines; D000328:Adult; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D037102:Lectins; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D054392:Adipokines; D001324:Autoantigens; D015415:Biomarkers; C084533:CHI3L1 protein, human; D000071451:Chitinase-3-Like Protein 1; D006023:Glycoproteins; D037102:Lectins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein