Partial restoration of cytokine profile despite reconstitution of cytomegalovirus-specific cell-mediated immunity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients during highly active antiretroviral treatment.
We reconstituted cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific T-cell responses in human immunodeficiency virus-1-positive, CMV-positive patients receiving highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART). We used several combinations of functionality parameters to determine the degree of T-lymphocyte reconstitution obtained during 1 year of treatment. Untreated patients displayed CMV-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) activity despite the absence of CMV-specific lymphoproliferative responses (LPRs) and despite the fact that interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) were not secreted. The absence of LPRs, IFN-gamma and IL-2 before antiretroviral treatment suggests that CMV-specific immunity was deregulated despite the high CD4+ T-cell counts presented by our cohort, which are critical to the reactivation of CMV disease. After 6 months of HAART, CTL activity had increased compared with the baseline, as had the levels of secreted IFN-gamma and LPR. However, the levels of specific IL-2 produced did not change during therapy, and no specific IL-2 was detected during the follow-up period. Taken together, our findings suggest that 1 year of HAART led to the recovery of some, but not all, CMV-specific responses in our cohort of patients.
Alfonzo
M
M
Unité d'Immuno-Hématologie et d'Immunopathologie, Institut Pasteur, 25 Rue du Dr. Roux, Paris, France.
Blanc
D
D
Troadec
C
C
Eliaszewicz
M
M
Gónzalez
G
G
Scott-Algara
D
D
D000328:Adult; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D012367:RNA, Viral