title: Four-year follow-up of body compostion in lung transplant patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both undernutrition and overnutrition can affect the quality of life and survival of patients with pulmonary disease and lead to quantitative and functional alterations of fat-free mass (FFM). This longitudinal study determines the changes in weight, FFM, and body fat before and up to 4 years after lung transplant (LTR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Height, weight, and body composition measurements (bioelectrical impedance) were obtained in 37 LTR patients. FFM and body fat were measured before and at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, and 48 months after LTR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Weight changed by +16.6%, +3.2%, -0.2%, and -3.2% and FFM by +14.0%, +2.5%, -0.3%, and -1.0% during years 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. A diagnosis of obliterative bronchiolitis after LTR was associated with loss of body weight, FFM, and body fat, compared with stable weight or gain in weight, FFM, and body fat in obliterative bronchiolitis-negative subjects; 76.2% and 85.7%, and 28% and 38% of men and women, respectively, demonstrated low FFM at 1 month and at 2 years after LTR, respectively. The FFM change was higher (39% of weight) during year 1 than during year 2 (25%) or year 3 (21%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After LTR, patients gained weight, FFM, and body fat, and two-thirds reached normal levels of FFM by year 2. A weight increase resulted in an FFM increase. Contrary to studies after heart or liver transplantation, our results suggest that despite posttransplant infections and grafts rejection, LTR permits FFM recovery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Nutrition, Geneva University Hospital, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Ursula G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Kyle
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nicod
authors.forename: Jacques A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Romand
authors.forename: Daniel O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Slosman
authors.forename: Anastase
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spiliopoulos
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pichard
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010809:Physical Fitness; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids