Effect of various doses of palm vitamin E and tocopherol on aspirin-induced gastric lesions in rats.
This study examined the effects of vitamin E on the prevention of aspirin-induced gastric lesions. The study was divided into two phases. Phase 1 determined the effects of various doses of palm vitamin E on the factors affecting mucosal integrity. Thirty-two male rats of the Sprague-Dawley strain (200-250 g) were randomly divided into four groups. Group I was fed a normal diet (control), Groups II, III and IV were fed a diet supplemented with palm vitamin E in a dose of 60 mg/kg food, 100 mg/kg food and 150 mg/kg food, respectively. The rats were killed after 4 weeks of feeding for the determination of gastric malondialdehyde (MDA), acid and mucus content. There was a significant decrease in gastric MDA and gastric acid in all the palm vitamin E supplemented groups compared to control. However, these doses of palm vitamin E had no significant effect on gastric mucus. The phase 2 study determined the effect of multiple doses of palm vitamin E and tocopherol on the prevention of aspirin-induced gastric lesions. Fifty rats of the same weight and strain were randomized into seven groups. Group I was fed a normal diet; groups II to IV were fed with a palm vitamin E enriched diet in doses of 60 mg, 100 mg and 150 mg/kg food, respectively; groups V to VII were fed with a tocopherol-enriched diet in doses of 20 mg, 30 mg and 50 mg/kg food, respectively. After 4 weeks of feeding with the respective diets the rats were challenged with a single intra-gastric dose of 400 mg/kg body weight aspirin suspended in propylene glycol. The rats were killed 6 h post-aspirin exposure for the determination of gastric lesion index and gastric parameters as mentioned in the phase I study. The gastric lesions index was significantly lower in all the vitamin E groups compared to control. The lowest ulcer index was observed in the groups that received 100 mg of palm vitamin E and 30 mg tocopherol in the diet. However, there was no significant difference in ulcer indices between palm vitamin E and tocopherol-treated groups. The lower ulcer index was only accompanied by lower gastric MDA content. We conclude that both palm vitamin E in doses of 60 mg, 100 mg and 150 mg/kg food as well as tocopherol in doses of 20 mg, 30 mg and 50 mg/kg food are equally effective in preventing aspirin-induced gastric lesions. The most probable mechanism is through their ability in limiting the lipid peroxidation that is involved in aspirin-induced gastric lesions.
Jaarin
Kamsiah
K
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. kamsiah@medic.ukm.my
Gapor
M T
MT
Nafeeza
M I
MI
Fauzee
A M
AM
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000032:analysis; D000073878:Palm Oil; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010938:Plant Oils; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013997:Time Factors; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014945:Wound Healing
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010938:Plant Oils; D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000073878:Palm Oil; D024505:Tocopherols; D001241:Aspirin