title: Individual assessment of intake of energy, nutrients and water in 54 elderly multidiseased nursing-home residents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Examination of the individual intake of energy, nutrients and water in clinically stable multidiseased nursing-home residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comprehensive clinical assessment of 54 elderly nursing-home residents (80 +/- 10 years, mean +/- SD). The intake of food and beverages was measured by the weighed food intake method during five consecutive week days followed by computerized transformation to energy, 21 different nutrients, dietary fiber, alcohol and water. The resting energy expenditure was determined by indirect calorimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was at least 2-3-fold, variation in intake of energy, nutrients and water, present also when expressed per kg body weight. For some micronutrients the relative intake variation was more than 8-fold. The results are compared with the present swedish recommended dietary allowances as well as with seven other studies of dietary intake in elderly using the weighed food intake method. The residents had on average 14.1 (range 6-31) different current clinical problems and were treated with a mean of 9.5 different drugs. The nursing staff spent 40 % of the total daytime working hours (7 am to 7 pm) on nutrition related issues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The nursing-home residents exhibited a large interindividual heterogeneity regarding intake of energy, nutrients and water. More emphasis should be given to individualized nutrition assessment in clinical geriatric care as a more solid base for nutrition treatment programmes integrated with the regular medical management and evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Research and Development Unit for the Elderly NorthWest, Dept of Geriatric Medicine, Karolinska Hospital, Karolinska Institute, 171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. gunnar.akner@chello.se
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Akner
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Flöistrup
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004326:Drinking / Q000502:physiology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009735:Nursing Homes; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D018977:Micronutrients