title: The endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatographic manifestations of histopathologically diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma with obstructive jaundice.
abstract: To study the manifestations of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in patients of obstructive jaundice associated with HCC, 32 cases of histopathologically diagnosed HCC with obstructive jaundice were successfully examined with routine ERCP. 31 patients were demonstrated by ERCP as having malignant obstructive jaundice. Among them, 19 were hepatic perihilar bile duct stricture, 7 bile ductile tumorous thrombus, 3 perihilar bile duct stricture complicated with thrombus, 2 metastasis to hilar lymph node, and 1 common bile duct stone as proven by sphincterotomy. The malignant perihilar stricture was all of type III and IV by Bismuth standard of Klastin tumor. In patients identified as having bile duct tumor thrombus, by the Ueda classification, none was of type I and II; 1 type III a; 4 III b; 2 type IV. HCC with obstructive jaundice was mainly caused by the malignant infiltration of tumor, and most stricture was of serious nature. When major extra-hepatic bile duct was involved by tumor thrombus, obstructive jaundice might develop. Malignant perihilar stricture and tumor thrombus might coexist in some patients. Jaundice was rarely caused by hepatic hilar lymph node metastasis. Jaundice was not necessarily caused by tumors and sometimes, it might be caused by common bile stones. Care should be exercised in differentiation diagnosis in such patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030.
authors.forename: Qiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Biao
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Naixi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Nanzhi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D041781:Jaundice, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged