Family 1 G protein-coupled receptor function in the CNS. Insights from gene knockout mice.
Family 1 G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are activated by a large number of ligands including photons, odorants, neurotransmitters and hormones and are involved in a wide variety of central and peripheral functions. Due to their wide distribution in the central nervous system (CNS), family 1 GPCRs play a major role in the regulation of neuronal activity and behaviour. In general, the lack of selective ligands for each member of the GPCR subfamilies has made it difficult to assign specific central functions to each receptor subtype. Advances in gene targeting techniques have allowed the inactivation of receptor genes in the mouse through homologous recombination leading to the generation of mouse 'knockout' models lacking one or more GPCRs. In this review, we have listed the family 1 GPCR knockout models produced in the past decade and we have summarized the findings obtained from studies on these mice with respect to CNS function.
Karasinska
Joanna M
JM
Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, 1 King's College Circle, Room 4353,Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
George
Susan R
SR
O'Dowd
Brian F
BF
D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D023421:Models, Animal; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology
D008024:Ligands; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017981:Receptors, Neurotransmitter; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins