title: Regional response leading to tumorigenesis after sulindac in small and large intestine of mice with Apc mutations.
abstract: Sulindac and other NSAIDs have been widely studied as potential chemopreventive agents for colon cancer. Short-term studies have shown adenomatous polyps to regress in patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). In this study the effect of sulindac on cancer as an endpoint was evaluated in ApcMin mice, a preclinical model of FAP with an Apc mutation in codon 850 that leads to gastrointestinal adenomas and carcinomas. Three groups of mice were studied all of which were fed AIN-76A diet: one group was fed AIN-76A diet alone, a second group received sulindac 200 p.p.m. premixed in the diet and a third group received sulindac 180 p.p.m. added in drinking water. ApcMin mice were killed 9 weeks after feeding was initiated. Mice receiving sulindac developed fewer tumors in the intestine overall; the major decrease in tumor development after sulindac was seen in the small intestine regardless of route of administration. In the large intestine, however, sulindac significantly increased the incidence, multiplicity and volume of tumors in the colon of ApcMin mice, a regional response to sulindac differing from previous reports. Quantitative measurements of apoptosis, Bax and Bcl-xL protein expression in the ApcMin mice revealed the ratio of Bax/Bcl-xL expression and apoptosis increased in the small intestine but decreased in the cecum, consistent with the regional tumorigenesis observed after sulindac. These findings thus suggest involvement of Bax and apoptosis in tumors developing after sulindac treatment in this mouse model.
authors.affiliation: Strang Cancer Research Laboratory at The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA. yangk@mail.rockefeller.edu
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kunhua
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: Hiroharu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shinozaki
authors.forename: Basil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rigas
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Augenlicht
authors.forename: Levy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kopelovich
authors.forename: Winfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Edelmann
authors.forename: Raju
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kucherlapati
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lipkin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017491:Genes, APC; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013467:Sulindac / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; C494827:Bax protein, mouse; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D013467:Sulindac