title: Tenofovir-related nephrotoxicity in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients: three cases of renal failure, Fanconi syndrome, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.
abstract: We report 3 cases of renal toxicity associated with use of the antiviral agent tenofovir. Renal failure, proximal tubular dysfunction, and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus were observed, and, in 2 cases, renal biopsy revealed severe tubular necrosis with characteristic nuclear changes. Patients receiving tenofovir must be monitored closely for early signs of tubulopathy (glycosuria, acidosis, mild increase in the plasma creatinine level, and proteinuria).
authors.affiliation: Service de Néphrologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75475 Paris cedex 10, France. alexandre.karras@sls.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karras
authors.forename: Matthieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lafaurie
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Furco
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bourgarit
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Droz
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sereni
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Legendre
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Jean-Michel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Molina
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000209:etiology; D000225:Adenine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D018500:Diabetes Insipidus, Nephrogenic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D005198:Fanconi Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006029:Glycosuria / Q000209:etiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000209:etiology; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D000068698:Tenofovir
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D000068698:Tenofovir; D003404:Creatinine; D000225:Adenine