title: Discoid lupus erythematosus in children: clinical, histopathologic, and follow-up features in 27 cases.
abstract: Among 27 pediatric patients with a clinicopathologic diagnosis of discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), 15 had localized cutaneous lesions and 12 had disseminated lesions. During a mean follow-up period of 36 months, seven patients (26%) developed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Four of these patients were less than 10 years of age. No correlation was found between localized and disseminated lesions and evolution to SLE. Three of four patients with a positive family history for rheumatoid disease developed SLE (p < 0.05). Hyperpigmentation was significantly more frequent (p < 0.04) in children less than 10 years of age. There was a female predominance of 5:1 among patients less than 10 years of age. Our findings suggest that onset of DLE prior to 10 years of age does not indicate a greater risk of developing SLE. The occurrence of localized or disseminated lesions does not seem to influence the outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dermatology, National Institute of Pediatrics, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Celia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moises-Alfaro
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berrón-Pérez
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carrasco-Daza
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Castrellón
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Maldonado
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015994:Incidence; D008179:Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents