title: Retrospective study of the utility of nuclear scintigraphic-labelled red cell scanning for lower gastrointestinal bleeding.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the utility of nuclear scintigraphic-labelled red cell scanning in the management of bleeding in patients with acute lower gastrointestinal haemorrhage (GIH) who require surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective database was used to source data on all patients with lower GIH who underwent technetium-99m (99mTc)-labelled red cell scanning over a 10-year period. A subgroup was identified from cross-reference with the medical records identifying only those patients who continued to bleed and subsequently required laparotomy for further detailed retrospective study. One key question was asked: did the labelled red cell scan influence the type of operation performed by the operating surgeon?
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study identified 249 patients who underwent 287 labelled red cell scans for GIH. Forty patients (16%) underwent laparotomy for ongoing bleeding; 28/40 (70%) of the red cell scans were positive for bleeding. Six patients (15%) died postoperatively, none because of continued bleeding. The 99mTc-labelled red cell scan was deemed to have been unhelpful in 22 (55%) cases. Twelve of the 22 scans were negative and 10 of the 22 scans were positive but were ignored by the surgeon. The 99mTc-labelled red cell scan influenced the choice of operation in 18 out of 40 patients (45% of the operated group but only 7.2% of the total scanned group). Of these, 15 patients underwent colonic resection and three patients underwent small bowel resection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates that labelled red cell scanning has only a small role to play in managing lower GIH. The 99mTc-labelled red cell scanning should be used much more selectively. Its use should be limited to patients who continue to bleed after conservative management; it may allow these patients to be effectively treated by segmental bowel resection. Its most critical role, however, is probably to prevent suspected small bowel bleeding from being missed at operation.
authors.affiliation: University of Newcastle Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Surgery John Hunter Hospital, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Walid
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Barto
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gani
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007813:Laparotomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018579:Patient Selection; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies