title: Report of eight new cases of hypnic headache and mini-review of the literature.
abstract: Hypnic headache is a rare condition first described by Raskin in 1988. This headache is not included in the first edition of the International Headache Society classification (IHC 1st Edition). We describe eight new Italian hypnic headache cases and consider our findings in the light of literature data. Our cases do not completely fulfil the diagnostic criteria for the syndrome proposed in 1997 by Goadsby and Lipton: four of our patients reported an attack duration longer than 60 minutes (ranging from 3 to 10 hours) and five reported unilateral pain. These data are in line with an analysis of all 61 cases published in the literature to date, which reveals a pain duration of over 60 minutes in 45.9% of the cases and unilateral attacks in 36%. Hypnic headache will be included in the fourth chapter (Other Primary Headaches) of the revised edition of the above-mentioned classification (IHC 2nd Edition).
authors.affiliation: Headache Treatment and Diagnosis Centre, University Centre for Adaptive Disorders and Headache, IRCCS C. Mondino Institute of Neurology, Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Natascia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ghiotto
authors.forename: Grazia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sances
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Lorenzo
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Trucco
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loi
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sandrini
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nappi
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D000588:Amines; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002936:Cinnarizine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D000077206:Gabapentin; D006261:Headache / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020178:Sleep Disorders, Circadian Rhythm / Q000503:physiopathology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013577:Syndrome; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D000588:Amines; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D002936:Cinnarizine; D002110:Caffeine; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D000077206:Gabapentin; D008550:Melatonin; D011241:Prednisone