Mediators of Immune Response.
The classification of mediators of immune response is referred to the organs, in which they are formed, to the cells-producers and target cells, to the character of their action, to the physico-chemical characteristics, to the phases and types of immune response, on which they exert their effects. The secretion of cytokines may be increased in many pathological conditions, and cytokines may appear in blood circulation. The high level of some cytokines, first of all with pro-inflammatory properties, is unfavorable sign. It has been shown that in some diseases the high level of cytokines is associated with the appearance of pathological forms of mediators, for example, acid labile interferon. Cytokines are broadly used for immune status correction, and the attempts are made to stimulate immune response in healthy individuals in vaccinal prevention. More marked effect from cytokine therapy may be seen after usage not only one, but several cytokines. Ideally, for every case the individual combination of cytokines should be recommended, which can provide stimulation or suppression of humoral and cell-mediated factors of immunity. Immunotherapy of some types of pathologies (allergy, autoimmune disorders and so on) may be based on the application of means, decreasing cytokine levels and inhibiting their activity. The system of cytokines has relationship not only to immunity, but has a broader biological sense: it supports definite (determined) level of proliferation, differentiation and active functional state of many (probably, all) types of cells.
Medunitsyn
Nikolay V.
NV
Tarasevich Institute of Standardization and Quality Examination of Biological Substances, Moscow, Russia.