title: Metabolic and ventilatory parameters of four activities of daily living accomplished with arms in COPD patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The upper limbs are involved in the activities of daily living (ADLs). Normal subjects usually perform such activities without noticing the energy cost, but patients with COPD report tiredness when performing them. This study was designed to assess the metabolic and ventilatory demands in patients with COPD during the performance of four ADLs involving the upper limbs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were tested on two different days. Oxygen uptake (O(2)), carbon dioxide output (CO(2)), minute ventilation (E), and heart rate were measured while performing four ADLs for 5 min each: sweeping, erasing a blackboard, lifting pots, and replacing lamps.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten normal, young, male subjects (mean age, 27.9 years) were selected for testing the reproducibility of the methods, and 9 male patients with COPD (FEV(1), 32.5%; mean age, 58.9 years) entered the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tests were reproducible for both groups. Patients with COPD presented a significant increase (p < 0.05) in O(2) (mean, 50.2% of maximum O(2)) and in E (mean, 55.7% of maximum voluntary ventilation [MVV]) in relation to initial resting conditions for all four activities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that when performing these four activities, patients with moderate-to-severe COPD present a high O(2), which may explain the tiredness reported by them during simple activities involving the upper limbs; the high E/MVV may be associated to dyspnea.
authors.affiliation: Disciplina de Pneumologia (Respiratory Division)-UNIFESP, Centro de Reabilitação Pulmonar UNIFESP/Lar Escola São Francisco, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velloso
authors.forename: Sérgio Garcia
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Stella
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cendon
authors.forename: Antônio Carlos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: José R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jardim
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D001132:Arm; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics