title: Serum levels of endostatin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 associated with high stage and grade primary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the preoperative serum levels of endostatin and matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in patients with primary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder according to tumor stage and grade and to evaluate their clinical diagnostic application.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative serum levels of endostatin and MMP-9 were determined in 52 patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder (13 with superficial carcinoma and 39 with advanced carcinoma) and 32 healthy controls by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum levels of endostatin and MMP-9 were significantly greater in the 52 patients with bladder cancer than in the healthy controls (endostatin 46.8 ng/mL versus 30.6 ng/mL, P <0.001; MMP-9 786 ng/mL versus 417 ng/mL, P <0.001). The endostatin level correlated positively with the MMP-9 level (R = 0.55, P <0.01). Furthermore, the levels of endostatin and MMP-9 were associated with the tumor stage and grade. Patients with distant metastasis (n = 7) had significantly greater levels of endostatin and MMP-9 than patients without metastasis (n = 45) (endostatin 69.8 ng/mL versus 43.3 ng/mL, P <0.001; MMP-9 1529 ng/mL versus 674 ng/mL, P <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated endostatin and MMP-9 levels are associated with a greater stage and grade of primary transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Kao-Peng
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Hai-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shu-Kun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hou
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D003094:Collagen / Q000097:blood*; D043169:Endostatins; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D043169:Endostatins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D003094:Collagen; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9