title: Pretest-posttest designs and measurement of change.
abstract: The article examines issues involved in comparing groups and measuring change with pretest and posttest data. Different pretest-posttest designs are presented in a manner that can help rehabilitation professionals to better understand and determine effects resulting from selected interventions. The reliability of gain scores in pretest-posttest measurement is also discussed in the context of rehabilitation research and practice.
authors.affiliation: 507 White Hall, College of Education, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242-0001, USA. ddimitro@kent.edu
authors.forename: Dimiter M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Dimitrov
authors.forename: Phillip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Rumrill
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D012046:Rehabilitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012107:Research Design; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States