title: Successful immunotherapy in early relapse of acute myeloid leukemia after nonmyeloablative allogeneic stem cell transplantation.
abstract: We report on a 35-year-old woman who underwent allogeneic stem cell transplantation (SCT) in second complete remission (CR) of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) after reduced-intensity conditioning with fludarabine and 2 Gy of total body irradiation. For graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis, cyclosporin A (CsA) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) were given. On day 27 after SCT complete hematological remission and donor chimerism was documented. However, in CD34(+) bone marrow cells 28% of recipient hematopoiesis persisted. On day +59 leukemic relapse occurred. After discontinuation of CsA and onset of GVHD, complete donor chimerism and hematological CR were achieved which has been maintained for 14 months.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine I, Bone Marrow Transplantation, University Hospital of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. e.prinz@lks.at
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Prinz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Keil
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kalhs
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitterbauer
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rabitsch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosenmayr
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moser
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulenburg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lechner
authors.forename: H T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Greinix
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000628:therapy*; D012008:Recurrence; D012074:Remission Induction; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents