title: Bioadhesive microspheres as a controlled drug delivery system.
abstract: The concept of controlled drug delivery has been traditionally used to obtain specific release rates or spatial targeting of active ingredients. The phenomenon of bioadhesion, introduced by Park and Robinson [Park, K., Robinson, J.R., 1984. Bioadhesive polymers as platforms for oral controlled drug delivery: method to study bioadhesion. Int. J. Pharm. 198, 107-127], has been studied extensively in the last decade and applied to improve the performance of these drug delivery systems. Recent advances in polymer science and drug carrier technologies have promulgated the development of novel drug carriers such as bioadhesive microspheres that have boosted the use of "bioadhesion" in drug delivery. This article presents the spectrum of potential applications of bioadhesive microspheres in controlled drug delivery ranging from the small molecules, to peptides, and to the macromolecular drugs such as proteins, oligonucleotides and even DNA. The development of mucus or cell-specific bioadhesive polymers and the concepts of cytoadhesion and bioinvasion provide unprecedented opportunities for targeting drugs to specific cells or intracellular compartments. Developments in the techniques for in vitro and in vivo evaluation of bioadhesive microspheres have also been discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160062, India.
authors.forename: Jaspreet Kaur
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Vasir
authors.forename: Kaustubh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tambwekar
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008863:Microspheres; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D011108:Polymers