title: HIV-related pulmonary infections: a review of the recent literature.
abstract: Antimicrobial prophylaxis and highly active antiretroviral therapy have changed the epidemiology and impact of pulmonary infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, pulmonary infection remains a significant contributor to the morbidity and mortality of such patients. Bacterial pneumonia and tuberculosis remain common lung infections in this setting, especially where appropriate prophylaxis is unavailable or when compliance with such therapy is poor. Pneumonia related to Pneumocystis carinii also remains a significant problem, especially as a presenting illness in patients not yet known to be infected with HIV. Recrudescence of "treated" infection as a manifestation of the immune reconstitution syndrome may become more commonly encountered as more patients are treated with highly active therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine Georgetown University Medical Center Washington, DC 20007, USA.
authors.forename: Armand J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: Anne E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000379:methods*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011019:Pneumonia, Mycoplasma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents