title: [Influenza activity in China from 2000 to 2001].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the epidemics and antigenic drift of influenza viruses in China from 2000 to 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  The viruses were grown in embryonated hen eggs with 9 - 10 days old. The egg allantoic fluids with influenza viruses were used. Virion RNA was transcribed into cDNA by reverse transcriptase while cDNA amplified by PCR. Products of PCR were purified. RNA sequence analysis was then performed. Finally, phylogenetic analysis of the sequencing data was performed with MegAlign (Version 1.03) and Editseq (Version 3.69) software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from comparison of amino acid sequence on HA1 domain of HA protein molecule between H1N1 viruses isolated in 2001 and A/Shanghai/7/99 (H1N1) strain indicated that there was only one difference of amino acid located at 190 position (antigenic determinant D). However, phylogenetic analysis showed that there were two distinguishable genetically lineages of H1N1 viruses co-circulating in men in China in 2001. Two antigenically distinct genetic lineages of influenza B viruses were still existing in men in China. Most of influenza B viruses were Yamagata-like strain and there were two different amino acid sequences located at 197 and 199 position on HA1 domain of HA protein molecule, between Victoria-like virus isolated and B/Shandong/7/97 strain. When comparing amino acid sequences on HA1 protein domain of H3N2 viruses isolated in 2000 with those of A/Sydeney/5/97 (H3N2) virus, it was revealed that there were 7 - 8 differences of amino acid sequences between them. However, there were four differences related to amino acid sequences on HA1 protein domain between H3N2 viruses isolated in 2000 and in 2001. These results were further demonstrated by analysis of phylogenic tree.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Influenza was not prevalent in China from 2000 to 2001. The antigenic drifts of H3N2 and B/Victoria-like viruses occurred. Two antigenically distinct genetic lineages of influenza B viruses were still co-circulating in men in China. Two genetically distinct lineages of influenza A (H1N1) virus were also co-circulating in men in China.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Preventiong, Beijing 100052, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun-feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Le-ying
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Yuan-ji
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009981:Influenza B virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus