title: HNF-6-independent differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells into insulin-producing cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Embryonic stem cells, when grown as embryoid bodies, spontaneously generate insulin-producing cells which could be used in therapy of diabetes mellitus, provided that their selection and differentiation are optimized. To achieve such optimization, one needs to know whether the differentiation of cells in embryoid bodies mimicks that of pancreatic beta cells in embryos. To address this question we verified if the differentiation of the insulin-producing cells in embryoid bodies requires Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-6 (HNF-6), a transcription factor known to control pancreatic endocrine differentiation in embryos.
  
  
  METHODS
  We generated mouse Hnf6-/- embryonic stem cells and grew them as embryoid bodies. The expression of HNF-6, insulin, and transcription factors that are regulated by HNF-6 in developing pancreas was compared in wild-type and Hnf6-/- embryoid bodies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No difference was observed in the expression of insulin between wild-type and Hnf6-/-embryoid bodies. In both cases insulin was expressed in the outer layer of cells, which is similar to the visceral endoderm. In wild-type embryoid bodies HNF-6 was transiently expressed in the outer layer of cells, but was not co-expressed with insulin. The expression of genes that are targets of HNF-6 in developing pancreas was unaffected in Hnf6-/-embryoid bodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to the development of pancreatic beta cells, the differentiation of insulin-producing cells in embryoid bodies did not require HNF-6. Thus, the differentiation mechanism of insulin-producing cells in embryoid bodies differs from that of the beta cells and it is likely to resemble that of insulin-producing cells in the visceral endoderm.
authors.affiliation: HORM Université Catholique de Lourain and Institute of Cellular Pathology, 75 Avenue Hippocrate, box 7529, 1200 Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Houard
authors.forename: G G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Rousseau
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Lemaigre
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D051559:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 6; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051559:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 6; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D007328:Insulin; C496606:Onecut1 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015534:Trans-Activators