Volcanic emissions of mercury to the atmosphere: global and regional inventories.
A comprehensive, time-averaged inventory of subaerial emissions of mercury from volcanoes that were active between 1980 and 2000 is derived based on the Hg/SO(2) ratios of the exhalations. Worldwide flux of mercury from volcanic eruptions is estimated to be 57 t/year while the flux from degassing activities is 37.6 t/year. After correcting for 'unmeasured' SO(2) emissions, the total global flux of Hg to the atmosphere is estimated to be 112 t/year. There are regional differences in average emissions during the 20-year period, with the estimated fluxes being 29 t/year in South and Central America, 27 t/year in Southeast Asia; 24 t/year in North America (including Hawaii), 4.1 t/year in Australia, 3.4 t/year in Japan and northern Asia, 3.1 t/year in Europe and western Asia and 2.3 t/year in Africa.
Nriagu
Jerome
J
Department of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. jnriagu@umich.edu
Becker
Christian
C
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis*; D012016:Reference Values; D018707:Volcanic Eruptions
D000393:Air Pollutants; D008628:Mercury