title: Impact of mass treatment on syphilis transmission: a mathematical modeling approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since 1997 Vancouver (British Columbia, Canada) has experienced an outbreak of heterosexually transmitted infectious syphilis, which prompted a mass treatment campaign in early 2000 in an attempt to control the disease. By 1 year postintervention, syphilis cases had rebounded significantly. We investigate the cause of this postintervention rebound.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We argue that the observed rebound postintervention may have been the result of the natural dynamics of disease transmission in an open population, in response to the partial application of mass treatment in the sexually active subgroup.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a mathematical model that describes the transmission dynamics of syphilis in a population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The observed postintervention rebound is related to the mass treatment intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that mass treatment may not be an optimal strategy to control the transmission of syphilis if complete coverage of high-frequency transmitters cannot be achieved and if population mobility is relatively high.
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, Canada. babak.pourbohloul@bccdc.ca
authors.forename: Babak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pourbohloul
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rekart
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Brunham
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001955:British Columbia / Q000453:epidemiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion; D020010:Heterosexuality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D013587:Syphilis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission