title: Integration host factor (IHF) mediates repression of flagella in enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli.
abstract: The flagellar apparatus consists of components that function as a type III secretion system (TTSS). Enteropathogenic and enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EPEC and EHEC, respectively) produce an additional TTSS, which is involved in virulence via the translocation of effector proteins into infected host cells. This system is encoded by the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE). The authors observed that EPEC and EHEC grown in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium to the mid- and late-exponential growth phase at 37 degrees C are non-motile. At the same time these conditions trigger the expression of the LEE-encoded TTSS. Furthermore, it was found that EPEC with an inactivated ihfA, which encodes the IHFalpha subunit of the integration host factor (IHF), becomes hyperflagellated and motile. Similar hypermotility was seen upon inactivation of the ihfA of EHEC strains. IHF-mediated repression of the EPEC flagella involves down-regulation of flhDC, which encodes a positive regulator of the flagellar regulon. IHF indirectly mediates flhDC repression, via a putative EPEC-unique regulator which is not encoded by LEE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, The Hebrew University, Faculty of Medicine, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yona-Nadler
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, The Hebrew University, Faculty of Medicine, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Tatiania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umanski
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences, Teikyo University, 1-1 Toyosatodai, Utsunomiya 320-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Shin-Ichi
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, The Hebrew University, Faculty of Medicine, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Devorah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Friedberg
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, The Hebrew University, Faculty of Medicine, POB 12272, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Ilan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rosenshine
mesh_terms: D003470:Culture Media; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D020895:Enterocytes / Q000382:microbiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005407:Flagella / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D034982:Integration Host Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D034982:Integration Host Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators; C090552:flhC protein, E coli; C090553:flhD protein, E coli; C440502:integration host factor, E coli