title: Evaluation of the in vivo disintegration of solid dosage forms of a bile acid sequestrant in dogs using gamma-scintigraphy and correlation to in vitro disintegration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  [corrected] To evaluate the in vivo disintegration behavior of tablets and capsules of a bile acid sequestrant, DMP 504, in beagle dogs and to assess the significance of the in vitro disintegration of the dosage forms on subsequent in vivo behavior in order to draw possible in vitro-in vivo correlations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tablet and capsule formulations of a bile acid sequestrant, DMP 504, were formulated with samarium oxide and neutron activated to produce radioactive 53Sm to noninvasively evaluate their in vivo behavior in beagle dogs by gamma-scintigraphy. A four-way crossover design was completed (n = 4) in which (a) tablets from two different batches were administered under the fasted condition and manufactured using different lots of drug substance where one batch exhibited relatively faster in vitro disintegration time (30 min) than the other tablet batch, which resulted in slower disintegration (45 min), (b) a capsule formulation was administered to fasted beagles, and (c) the tablet having slower in vitro disintegration was also administered in the fed state, and its in vivo disintegration was compared to that observed in the fasted state.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tablets manufactured using a lot of DMP 504 having relatively fast in vitro disintegration (approximately 30 min) resulted in relatively rapid in vivo disintegration time (15 min) in the fasted condition. This in vivo disintegration time was comparable to the in vivo disintegration of the capsules (17 min) even though the in vitro capsule disintegration time was considerably faster (2 min). Tablets prepared using a drug substance that provided a longer in vitro disintegration time (approximately 45 min) resulted in a slower in vivo disintegration (63 min). There was no difference observed in the in vivo disintegration behavior in fasted and fed dogs for the tablets that provided slower in vitro disintegration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vivo disintegration of tablets of the bile acid sequestrant DMP 504 correlated with in vitro disintegration times. Gamma-Scintigraphy continues to be a good tool to use during early stages of product development to investigate in vivo performance of dosage forms. The results of this study provided evidence that the physical chemical specifications of the drug substance may not always be indicative of in vitro or in vivo performance of tablet dosage form, even when formulation and process are not changed.
authors.affiliation: Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, Pharmaceutics R&D, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08903-0191, USA. munir.hussain@bms.com
authors.forename: Munir A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Rong-Kun
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sandefer
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Digenis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D001682:Biological Availability; D002214:Capsules; D004285:Dogs; D004339:Drug Compounding; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011108:Polymers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012995:Solubility; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002214:Capsules; C111415:DMP-504; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D011108:Polymers; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013607:Tablets