title: Nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma with disseminated disease treated with aggressive combined therapy.
abstract: Thirty-two patients with nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma and disseminated disease (lung, skin, and bone marrow) were treated with an intensive combined therapy that consisted of three cycles of CMED (cyclophosphamide 2 g/m(2), metothrexate 200 mg/m(2), etoposide 600 mg/m(2), and dexamethasone 80 mg/m(2) with leucovorin rescue administered 24 h after) every 14 d, following high-dose radiotherapy: 55 Gy in 20 sesions to centrofacial region and three cycles more of the same chemotherapy regimen. To ameliorate the presence of severe granulocytopenia, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, 5 microg/kg, daily for 14 d, begun on d 2 after chemotherapy, was administered. Complete response was achieved in 21 cases (65%); failure or progression was observed in 11 cases (35%). With a median follow-up of 69.1 mo, relapse has not been observed; thus, actuarial curves at 5 yr showed that event-free survival (EFS) is 100% in 21 patients and overall survival (OS) is 65%. Granulocytopenia grade IV was observed in 15% cycles, Nonhematological toxicity was mild and well tolerated. Radiotherapy was well tolerated; only mild mucositis was observed. Nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma is an rare presentation of malignant lymphoma (<1% of all cases) with a worse prognosis; less than 5% patients are alive free of disease at 1 yr. The use of intensive more specific chemotherapy and high dose of local radiotherapy, appear to be an excellent therapeutic approach with improvement in EFS and OS.
authors.affiliation: Oncological Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, National Medical Center, IMSS, México. agaviles@avantel.net
authors.forename: Agustin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avilés
authors.forename: Natividad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Calva
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huerta-Guzmán
authors.forename: M Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Nambo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000380:Agranulocytosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019046:Bone Marrow Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012074:Remission Induction; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D005047:Etoposide; D003907:Dexamethasone; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D002955:Leucovorin; D008727:Methotrexate