title: Specific absorption rate and temperature elevation in a subject exposed in the far-field of radio-frequency sources operating in the 10-900-MHz range.
abstract: The exposure of a subject in the far field of radiofrequency sources operating in the 10-900-MHz range has been studied. The electromagnetic field inside an anatomical heterogeneous model of the human body has been computed by using the finite-difference time-domain method; the corresponding temperature increase has been evaluated through an explicit finite-difference formulation of the bio-heat equation. The thermal model used, which takes into account the thermoregulatory system of the human body, has been validated through a comparison with experimental data. The results show that the peak specific absorption rate (SAR) as averaged over 10 g has about a 25-fold increase in the trunk and a 50-fold increase in the limbs with respect to the whole body averaged SAR (SARWB). The peak SAR as averaged over 1 g, instead, has a 30- to 60-fold increase in the trunk, and up to 135-fold increase in the ankles, with respect to SARWB. With reference to temperature increases, at the body resonance frequency of 40 MHz, for the ICNIRP incident power density maximum permissible value, a temperature increase of about 0.7 degrees C is obtained in the ankles muscle. The presence of the thermoregulatory system strongly limits temperature elevations, particularly in the body core.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electronic Engineering, University of Rome La Sapienza, Via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy. bernardi@die.uniroma1.it
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cavagnaro
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pisa
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Piuzzi
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional / Q000592:standards; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001833:Body Temperature Regulation / Q000528:radiation effects; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011846:Radio Waves; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013696:Temperature; D014915:Whole-Body Counting / Q000379:methods*; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation / Q000379:methods