title: Influence of iodine-131 dose on the outcome of hyperthyroidism in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Iodine-131 is an effective treatment for Graves' hyperthyroidism in children and adults. Yet the responses to treatment as related to iodine-131 dose in children are not well-defined. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the dose of iodine-131 in children with hyperthyroidism and thyroid status 1 year after treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the outcome of iodine-131 treatment in children and adolescents with Graves' disease, as related to dose. Three iodine-131 doses were compared: 72 to 108 Gy (80-120 microCi/g), 180 to 225 Gy (200-250 microCi/g), and 270 to 364 Gy (300-405 microCi/g) in 31 patients ranging in age from 7 to 18 years old. Thyroid status was assessed >1 year after therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that doses of 100 Gy (110 microCi/g), 200 Gy (220 microCi/g), and 300 Gy (330 microCi/g) resulted in hypothyroidism in 50%, 70%, and 95% of treated individuals, respectively. These data show that to insure ablation of thyroid tissue doses, >270 Gy (300 microCi/g) is needed, especially when the thyroid is large.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8081, USA. scott.rivkees@yale.edu
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Rivkees
authors.forename: Eugene A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Cornelius
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000532:radiotherapy; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000209:etiology; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes