title: Mineralization of aged atrazine, terbuthylazine, 2,4-D, and mecoprop in soil and aquifer sediment.
abstract: The effect of aging of the herbicides atrazine, terbuthylazine, 2,4-D, and mecoprop on their bioavailability to degrading microorganisms was studied in soil and aquifer sediment. 14C-ring-labeled herbicide (2.5 mg/kg) was added to sterilized soil or aquifer sediment and stored at 10 degrees C for up to 103 d before inoculation with either the atrazine and terbuthylazine-degrading Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP (atrazine-degrading Pseudomonas) or an enriched culture able to mineralize 2,4-D and mecoprop. The initial mineralization rate and recovery of 14CO2 after 62 to 113 d of incubation were used as measures of the availability of the compounds to the microorganisms. Aging in soil reduced the initial mineralization of atrazine. Thus, only 17% of the added 14C-atrazine had been mineralized after 21 h of incubation when aged for 88 d as compared with 33% when the atrazine had been aged for 1 d. 14CO2 recovery was only 58% after 88 d of aging as compared with 81% when aged for 1 d. A similar effect of aging was seen with terbuthylazine. With 2,4-D, the effect of aging in soil on mineralization by the enriched culture was much smaller. Aging had no effect on mineralization of mecoprop in soil or on mineralization of any of the herbicides in aquifer sediment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geochemistry, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, Oster Voldgade 10, DK 1350 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Helle
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Johannesen
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aamand
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008456:2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001280:Atrazine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014227:Triazines; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; C008340:mecoprop; D008456:2-Methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic Acid; C037565:terbutylazine; D001280:Atrazine