SELECT: the selenium and vitamin E cancer prevention trial.
OBJECTIVE
Growing evidence suggests that both selenium and vitamin E may reduce the risk of prostate cancer. SELECT is a randomized, prospective, double-blind study designed to determine if selenium and vitamin E can reduce the risk of prostate cancer among healthy men.


METHODS
The preclinical and epidemiologic evidence regarding chemoprevention with selenium and vitamin E were reviewed. Secondary analyses from randomized trials of both agents were included in the analysis. Data from these analyses as well as evidence from the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial were used to develop the schema of SELECT.


RESULTS
Preclinical, epidemiologic, and Phase III data suggest that both selenium and vitamin E have potential efficacy in prostate cancer prevention. The experience of the Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial and the rapid accrual of SELECT during its first year demonstrate the interest and dedication of healthy men to long-term studies of cancer prevention. A total of 32,400 men are planned to be randomized in SELECT.


CONCLUSIONS
SELECT is the second large-scale study of chemoprevention for prostate cancer. Enrollment began in 2001 with final results anticipated in 2013.
Klein
Eric A
EA
Section of Urologic Oncology, Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA. kleine@ccf.org
Thompson
Ian M
IM
Lippman
Scott M
SM
Goodman
Phyllis J
PJ
Albanes
Demetrius
D
Taylor
Philip R
PR
Coltman
Charles
C
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018120:Finasteride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D018579:Patient Selection; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D012107:Research Design; D012306:Risk; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D014810:Vitamin E; D018120:Finasteride; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D012643:Selenium