title: Respiratory muscle workload in intubated, spontaneously breathing patients without COPD: pressure support vs proportional assist ventilation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the respiratory muscle workload associated with pressure support ventilation (PSV) and proportional assist ventilation (PAV) in intubated and spontaneously breathing patients without COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study, intensive care unit university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty intubated patients, during early weaning, PSV settings made by clinician in charge of the patient, and two levels of PAV, set to counterbalance 80% (PAV 80) and 50% (PAV 50) of both elastic and resistive loads, respectively. The patients were ventilated in the following order: 1) PSV; 2) PAV 50 or PAV 80; 3) PSV; 4) PAV 80 or PAV 50; 5) PSV. PSV settings were kept constant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Arterial blood gases, breathing pattern and respiratory effort parameters at the end of each of the five steps.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PSV and PAV 80 had the same effects on work of breathing (WOB). The pressure-time product (PTP) was significantly higher during PAV 80 than during PSV (90+/-76 and 61+/-56 cmH(2)O.s.min(-1), respectively, P <0.05). Tidal volume was comparable, albeit more variable with PAV 80 than with PSV (variation coefficient, 43% vs 25%, respectively, P <0.05). PAV 50 entailed a higher respiratory rate, lower tidal volume, and higher WOB and PTP than PSV and PAV 80. PaO(2)/FiO(2) and SaO(2) were lower with PAV 50 than with PSV and PAV 80.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a group of intubated spontaneously breathing non-COPD patients, PAV 80 and PSV were associated with comparable levels WOB, whereas PTP was higher during PAV 80. PAV 50 provided insufficient respiratory assistance.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Department, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delaere
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Department, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roeseler
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Department, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: D'hoore
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Department, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Matte
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Department, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reynaert
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Medical ICU Division, University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jolliet
authors.affiliation: , Clinique Notre-Dame de Grâce, Gosselies, Belgium.
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sottiaux
authors.affiliation: Pneumology Unit, Cliniques Universitaires St Luc (UCL), Université Catholique de Louvain, 10 Avenue Hippocrate, 1200 , Brussels, Belgium. giuseppe.liistro@clin.ucl.ac.be.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liistro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000403:Airway Resistance; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D005260:Female; D005540:Forced Expiratory Flow Rates; D006801:Humans; D007385:Intermittent Positive-Pressure Ventilation / Q000379:methods*; D008170:Lung Compliance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013990:Tidal Volume; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014939:Work of Breathing