Incidental pancreatic cysts: clinicopathologic characteristics and comparison with symptomatic patients.
OBJECTIVE
Widespread use of computed tomography and ultrasound has led to the identification of increasing numbers of patients with asymptomatic cystic lesions of the pancreas.


METHODS
Retrospective case series of patients with pancreatic cystic lesions.


METHODS
University-affiliated tertiary care referral center.


METHODS
Two hundred twelve patients with pancreatic cystic lesions seen in our surgical practice during 5 years (April 1997-March 2002).


METHODS
Presence or absence of symptoms, cyst size and location, cytologic or pathologic diagnosis, surgical treatment, and outcome.


RESULTS
Seventy-eight (36.7%) of 212 patients were asymptomatic. Incidental cysts were smaller (3.3 +/- 1.9 vs 4.6 +/- 2.7 cm; P<.001) and were found in older patients (65 +/- 13 vs 56 +/- 15 years; P<.001). Seventy-eight percent of the asymptomatic patients and 87% of those with symptoms underwent surgery, with a single operative death in the entire group (0.5%). Seventeen percent of asymptomatic cysts were serous cystadenomas; 28%, mucinous cystic neoplasms; 27%, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms; and 2.5%, ductal adenocarcinomas. The respective numbers for symptomatic cysts were 7%, 16%, 40%, and 9%. Ten percent of asymptomatic patients had a variety of other cystic lesions, and in 12%, no definitive cytologic or pathologic diagnosis was obtained. Overall, 17% of asymptomatic patients had in situ or invasive cancer, and 42% had a premalignant lesion. When evaluated as a function of size, only 1 (3.5%) of 28 asymptomatic cysts smaller than 2 cm had cancer compared with 13 (26%) of 50 cysts larger than 2 cm (P =.04). The proportion of premalignant lesions, however, remained high in both groups (46% and 38%, respectively). Pseudocysts comprised only 3.8% of asymptomatic cysts compared with 19.4% of symptomatic cysts (P =.003).


CONCLUSIONS
Incidental pancreatic cysts are common, occur in older patients, are smaller than symptomatic cysts, and are unlikely to be pseudocysts. More than half of them are either malignant or premalignant lesions and therefore cannot be dismissed.
Fernández-del Castillo
Carlos
C
Department of Surgery and Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital ACC/336, 15 Parkman Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA. cfernandez@partners.org
Targarona
Javier
J
Thayer
Sarah P
SP
Rattner
David W
DW
Brugge
William R
WR
Warshaw
Andrew L
AL
D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010181:Pancreatic Cyst / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies