Stress and vascular responses: endothelial dysfunction via lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1: close relationships with oxidative stress.
Endothelial dysfunction is associated with pathological vascular conditions including atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes. The oxidatively modified form of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is recognized as a major cause of endothelial dysfunction in atherogenesis. As the receptor for oxidized LDL in endothelial cells, we have identified the lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1). LOX-1 is up-regulated by products of oxidative stresses and the molecules that induce oxidative stresses. Activation of LOX-1 induces the generation of reactive oxygen species and decreases NO released from endothelial cells. LOX-1 activation further induces the expression of endothelin-1, AT(1) receptor, and cell adhesion molecules. Together with these properties, LOX-1 works as an adhesion molecule for activated platelets and neutrophils. Thus, LOX-1, within the close relationships between oxidative stress generation and response, enhances functional changes in endothelial cells that are relevant to the disturbed vascular homeostasis under pathological settings.
Sakurai
Kanako
K
Department of Bioscience, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Osaka, Japan.
Sawamura
Tatsuya
T
D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D051131:Receptors, Oxidized LDL; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E; D015854:Up-Regulation
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C495137:OLR1 protein, human; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D051131:Receptors, Oxidized LDL; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E; D009569:Nitric Oxide