title: Neoadjuvant docetaxel and estramustine chemotherapy in high-risk/locallyadvanced prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant docetaxel and estramustine in patients with high-risk, newly diagnosed, prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible patients had prostate cancer with one or more of the following criteria: clinical Stage T2b or greater, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 15 ng/mL or greater, and/or Gleason score of 8 to 10. Chemotherapy consisted of docetaxel (70 mg/m(2)) on day 1 and estramustine (280 mg three times daily) on days 1 to 3 every 21 days for three to six courses. This was followed by local therapy, as deemed appropriate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one patients with a median age of 60 years, median PSA level of 16.1 ng/mL (range 2.4 to 175), and median baseline testosterone of 3.4 ng/mL were enrolled. Seven patients met one of the inclusion criteria, 10 met two, and 4 met three. The Gleason score was 8 or greater in 14 patients. A median of five cycles of chemotherapy was delivered. The most frequent high-grade toxicities were grade 3 (8 patients) and 4 (1 patient) neutropenia and deep venous thrombosis (grade 3 in 2 patients) before institution of low-dose warfarin. All patients responded as determined by protocol-defined criteria. Ten patients underwent radical prostatectomy, with negative surgical margins in 7 patients, and 11 received radiotherapy with negative preradiotherapy biopsies in 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Induction docetaxel and estramustine is well tolerated and feasible in patients with newly diagnosed, high-risk prostate cancer. This combination is active; however, its efficacy relative to hormonal therapy will require a controlled randomized trial.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Wayne State University and Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Basil F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: El-Rayes
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Ulka
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Vaishampayan
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fontana
authors.forename: Wael
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sakr
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004961:Estramustine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D043823:Taxoids; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004961:Estramustine; D013739:Testosterone; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D017239:Paclitaxel