title: Resistance of Aedes aegypti to organophosphates in several municipalities in the State of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, Brazil.
abstract: Chemical insecticides have been widely used in Brazil for several years. This exposes mosquito populations to an intense selection pressure for resistance to insecticides. In 1999, the Brazilian National Health Foundation started the first program designed to monitor the resistance of Aedes aegypti to insecticides. We analyzed populations from 10 municipalities (from 84 selected in Brazil) in the states of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo. Exposure of larvae to a diagnostic dose of temephos showed in alterations in susceptibility in all populations. Mosquitoes from eight municipalities exhibited resistance, with mortality levels ranging from 74% (Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro) to 23.5% (São Gonçalo, Rio de Janeiro). The resistance ratios of mosquitoes from three municipalities ranged from 3.59 to 12.41. Adults from only one municipality (Nova Iguaçu, Rio de Janeiro) remained susceptible to both fenitrothion and malathion. These results are being used to define new local vector control strategies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Transmissores de Hematozoários, Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: José Bento Pereira
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Marcella Pereira
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Da-Cunha
authors.forename: Ronaldo Carneiro Júnior
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Da Silva
authors.forename: Allan Kardec Ribeiro
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Galardo
authors.forename: Sidinei da Silva
authors.initials: Sda S
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Ima Aparecida
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Braga
authors.forename: Ricardo Pimentel
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Valle
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000254:growth & development; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D001938:Brazil; D005278:Fenitrothion; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides; D007814:Larva; D008294:Malathion
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D008294:Malathion; D005278:Fenitrothion