title: Effects of 1,25(OH)2D3 on turnover, mineralization, and strength of bone in growing rats with liver cirrhosis induced by administration of carbon tetrachloride.
abstract: To clarify the effects of 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) (1,25(OH)(2)D(3)) on bone growth, strength, and turnover in growing rats with liver cirrhosis induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4)) injection, groups of 4-week-old male Wistar rats (n = 10, each) were injected intraperitoneally with CCl(4) twice weekly for 7 weeks. One group was treated with the vehicle alone (Group 1). Three CCl(4)-injected groups were orally administered 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) at doses of 0, 0.05, and 0.1 micro g/kg, respectively (Groups 2, 3, and 4). At the end, serum levels of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3), IGF-I, and osteocalcin were reduced in Group 2 compared to Group 1, and the corresponding values in Group 4 were larger than those in Group 2. Urinary deoxypyridinoline levels increased in Group 2 compared to Group 1, and did not significantly differ in Groups 2-4. The values for bone sizes, mineral content (BMC) in the lumbar vertebra and femur, and ultimate bending load in the femur were reduced in Group 2 compared to Group 1, and lumbar BMC in Group 3 and bone sizes in Group 4 were larger than those in Group 2. The values for lumbar trabecular bone volume in Group 2 were reduced compared to Group 1, and the corresponding values in Group 4 were larger than those in Group 2. Bone formation rates, reduced in Group 2 compared to Group 1, did not differ in Groups 2-4. Parameters for trabecular osteoclasts did not differ among all groups. In the proximal tibia, the value of activation frequency (Ac.f) in Group 2 significantly decreased compared to Group 1. Ac.f values in Groups 3 and 4 were larger than that in Group 2. These data demonstrated that retardation of bone growth in CCl(4)-injected rats was associated with reduced serum 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and IGF-I levels. The trabecular bone in the rats exhibited low turnover osteopenia. 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) administration partially prevented the growth disturbance, but did not substantially affect bone turnover. Factors other than 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) and IGF-I appeared to be critical in the low turnover osteopenia evident in liver cirrhosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan. tnk-sny@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsurukami
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Nobukazu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okimoto
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Otomo
authors.forename: Toshitaka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013977:Tibia / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists; D002251:Carbon Tetrachloride; D002117:Calcitriol