title: Ischaemic heart disease in Turkish migrants with type 2 diabetes mellitus in The Netherlands: wait for the next generation?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence of ischaemic heart disease in Turkish and Surinam-Asian migrants with type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Netherlands as compared with Europeans.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a consecutive case-control study, 59 Turkish and 62 Surinam-Asian patients were compared with 185 Europeans referred to a diabetes clinic for treatment of type 2 diabetes in the period 1992 to 1998. Main outcome measures were ischaemic heart disease and its associated risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of ischaemic heart disease was lower (9%) in the Turks (p < 0.02), but higher (29%) in the Surinam-Asians compared with the Europeans (23%). The Turks (52 +/- 10 years) and Surinam-Asians (46 +/- 12 years) were younger than the Europeans (64 +/- 11 years, p < 0.001). Body mass index was 32 +/- 5 (p < 0.001) in the Turks, 27 +/- 5 in the Surinam-Asians (p < 0.05) and 29 +/- 5 in the Europeans. Turkish patients smoked less (23%, p < 0.05) and used less alcohol (4%, p < 0.05) than the Europeans. Proteinuria was found in 24% of the Turks (p < 0.05), 37% of the Surinam-Asians (NS) and 46% of the Europeans. In univariate analysis ischaemic heart disease was related to Turkish origin, OR 0.34 (0.14-0.83) p < 0.02, to Surinam-Asian origin, OR 1.84 (1.00-3.38) p = 0.05, and smoking, OR 1.78 (1.18-2.68) p < 0.01. Other variables were not related to ischaemic heart disease. Multivariate analysis in a model with ethnicity and smoking showed significant relations between ischaemic heart disease and Turkish ethnicity, OR 0.19 (0.06-0.65) p = 0.007, Surinam-Asian origin, OR 2.77 (1.45-5.28) p = 0.002, and smoking, OR 1.79 (1.20-2.66) p = 0.004.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Type 2 diabetes mellitus in different ethnic groups results in a significant difference in incidence of ischaemic heart disease. The most remarkable finding is a low incidence of ischaemic heart disease in the Turkish patients with type 2 diabetes, independent of smoking. The high prevalence of ischaemic heart disease in young migrant Asians with diabetes is confirmed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Rijnmond Zuid Medical Centre, Groene Hilledijk 315, 3075 EA Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klok
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van Hoogenhuyze
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Sauerwein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berghout
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013532:Suriname / Q000208:ethnology; D014421:Turkey / Q000208:ethnology