title: Structures of argininosuccinate synthetase in enzyme-ATP substrates and enzyme-AMP product forms: stereochemistry of the catalytic reaction.
abstract: Argininosuccinate synthetase reversibly catalyzes the ATP-dependent condensation of a citrulline with an aspartate to give argininosuccinate. The structures of the enzyme from Thermus thermophilus HB8 complexed with intact ATP and substrates (citrulline and aspartate) and with AMP and product (argininosuccinate) have been determined at 2.1- and 2.0-A resolution, respectively. The enzyme does not show the ATP-induced domain rotation observed in the enzyme from Escherichia coli. In the enzyme-substrate complex, the reaction sites of ATP and the bound substrates are adjacent and are sufficiently close for the reaction to proceed without the large conformational change at the domain level. The mobility of the triphosphate group in ATP and the side chain of citrulline play an important role in the catalytic action. The protonated amino group of the bound aspartate interacts with the alpha-phosphate of ATP and the ureido group of citrulline, thus stimulating the adenylation of citrulline. The enzyme-product complex explains how the citrullyl-AMP intermediate is bound to the active site. The stereochemistry of the catalysis of the enzyme is clarified on the basis of the structures of tAsS (argininosuccinate synthetase from T. thermophilus HB8) complexes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka 558-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Omi
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miyahara
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugahara
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirotsu
mesh_terms: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D001124:Argininosuccinate Synthase / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D016963:Thermus thermophilus / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D001124:Argininosuccinate Synthase