title: C-reactive protein and the future risk of thromboembolic stroke in healthy men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence suggests that C-reactive protein (CRP) is related to thromboembolic (TE) stroke. Whether associations are altered in the presence of other risk factors is unclear. The purpose of this study was to additionally assess the relation between CRP and TE stroke.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the basis of 20 years of follow-up after CRP measurement, 259 cases of TE stroke were identified and compared with 1348 controls. Subjects were aged 48 to 70 years when CRP was measured. Levels of CRP were positively associated with TE stroke throughout the 20 years of follow-up. Although associations were modest within 5 years of CRP measurement, the odds of stroke in the top versus bottom CRP quartile increased over time to a 3.8-fold excess by 10 to 15 years into follow-up (P<0.001). For men without hypertension or diabetes, the overall corresponding odds were 1.6 to 1.7 (P<0.05). In men <or=55 years of age, the odds increased to a 3-fold excess (P=0.006), and in nonsmokers, there was a 5.8-fold excess (P<0.001). Associations in past and current smokers, in men >55 years of age, and in those with hypertension or diabetes were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings suggest that elevated CRP in middle adulthood and in men with healthier risk factor profiles may be important as a risk factor for TE stroke. Use of CRP levels as a clinical screen to identify an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in otherwise healthy men warrants consideration.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Health Research Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii 96813, USA. curb@phri.hawaii-health.com
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Curb
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: Beatriz L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sakkinen
authors.forename: Jordan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Popper
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Russell P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Tracy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006254:Hawaii / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D020767:Intracranial Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007564:Japan / Q000208:ethnology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein