title: Low activity of superoxide dismutase and high activity of glutathione reductase in erythrocytes from centenarians.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to compare the activities of antioxidative enzymes in erythrocytes between centenarians and a younger group of elderly subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  county of Funen, Denmark.
  
  
  METHODS
  41 centenarians aged between 100 and 105 years and 52 community control subjects aged between 60 and 79 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  enzyme activities of superoxide dismutase (CuZn-SOD), glutathione peroxidase, catalase and glutathione reductase (GR) in erythrocytes. Functional capacity among the centenarians was evaluated by Katz' index of activities of daily living, the Physical Performance Test and Mini-Mental State Examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the mean CuZn-SOD activity was significantly lower and the mean GR activity was significantly higher in centenarians than in the group of elderly people. The centenarians with the lowest cognitive and physical functional capacity and who did not survive at least 1 year after blood sampling tended to have the lowest CuZn-SOD activities. The range of GR activity was shifted toward higher values in the centenarian group than in the younger group and those centenarians having the best functional capacity tended to have the highest GR activity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CuZn-SOD activity is decreased in centenarians, probably because of reduced demand for the enzyme at lower metabolic rate and oxygen consumption. Subjects with high GR activity occur more frequently among centenarians than expected, possibly due to their better survival. The role of GR in disease prevention and as a predictor for longevity deserves to be further explored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, Odense University, Winsløwparken 17, DK-5000 Odense C, Denmark. HR.ANDERSEN@Winsloew.OU.DK
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jeune
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nybo
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andersen-Ranberg
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grandjean
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over / Q000502:physiology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000097:blood; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008136:Longevity / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase