Adaptive and inflammatory immune responses in patients infected with strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus.
In patients with diarrhea caused by Vibrio parahaemolyticus, antibody-secreting cell responses to thermostable direct hemolysin (TDH), lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and whole-cell bacteria were seen. TDH- and LPS-specific responses were seen in serum samples, and immunoglobulin A antibody responses were observed in stool. Levels of C-reactive protein and nitric oxide metabolites increased in the systemic circulation at the onset of illness. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and lactoferrin levels were high during the acute stage in mucosal secretions and in plasma, whereas interleukin-1beta levels were high only in mucosal secretions. Duodenal and rectal biopsy specimens obtained at the onset of illness showed an acute inflammatory response. The lamina propria showed edema, congestion of blood vessels, and hemorrhage, with an increase in levels of polymorphonuclear neutrophils and macrophages. Strains belonging to different serotypes exhibited varying resistance to killing by serum; the O8:K21 strain was most sensitive. Infection with V. parahaemolyticus results in B cell responses and an acute inflammatory response that is self-limiting.
Qadri
Firdausi
F
International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, GPOBox 128, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. fqadri@icddrb.org
Alam
Muhammad Shamsul
MS
Nishibuchi
Mitsuaki
M
Rahman
Taufiqur
T
Alam
Nur Haque
NH
Chisti
Jobayer
J
Kondo
Seiichi
S
Sugiyama
Junichi
J
Bhuiyan
Nurul Amin
NA
Mathan
Minnie M
MM
Sack
David A
DA
Nair
G Balakrish
GB
D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000276:immunology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D007422:Intestines / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D014735:Vibrio Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D014736:Vibrio parahaemolyticus / Q000276:immunology*
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C068489:thermostable direct hemolysin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein