title: Racial differences in birth outcomes and costs in relation to prenatal WIC participation.
abstract: Wide disparities in birth outcomes persist between Black and non-Black women giving birth in the United States, despite medical and social interventions. This research, which examines birth outcomes and cost for infant hospitalization at delivery for Black and non-Black Medicaid clients in relation to the level of prenatal participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), lead to the conclusion that prenatal WIC participation was associated with lower costs to Medicaid and better birth outcomes, particularly for Blacks.
authors.affiliation: Research Division, Department of Family Medicine at UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, USA.
authors.forename: Patrice M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.forename: Maria Lourdes
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: de Jesus
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D007226:Infant Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008484:Medicaid / Q000191:economics*; D009515:New Jersey; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000191:economics* / Q000208:ethnology*; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*