title: Assessing expressed emotion in mothers of preschool AD/HD children: psychometric properties of a modified speech sample.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the reliability and validity of a modified coding measure of expressed emotion (Preschool Five Minute Speech Sample [PFMSS]), suitable for parents of preschool AD/HD children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mothers of preschool AD/HD children identified through a three-stage screening programme were compared with mothers of non-AD/HD children on the PFMSS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mothers of 80 AD/HD and 20 non-AD/HD children participated in the PFMSS. They had 10 mins of play interaction with their child and completed the Feelings on Parenting scales from the Family Impact Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the exception of emotional over-involvement, the PFMSS demonstrated acceptable code-recode and inter-rater reliability, and adequate test-retest reliability. It also demonstrated acceptable validity, being associated with less affection and greater maternal direction during play interaction and discriminated between the parents of preschool AD/HD and non-AD/HD children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that in a revised form, the Five Minute Speech Sample can provide a useful measure of expressed emotion during the preschool period.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Research into Psychological Development, Department of Psychology, University of Southampton, UK. dmd@soton.ac.uk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Daley
authors.forename: E J S
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Sonuga-Barke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000628:therapy*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D015588:Observer Variation; D016487:Parenting; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013060:Speech; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires