title: Evaluation of the ocular hypotensive response of serotonin 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptor ligands in conscious ocular hypertensive cynomolgus monkeys.
abstract: Published investigations of serotonin-1A (5-hydroxytryptamine1A; 5-HT1A) receptor agonists and serotonin-2A (5-hydroxytryptamine2A; 5-HT2A) receptor antagonists in nonprimate species provide conflicting results with regard to their intraocular pressure-lowering efficacy. Thus, their therapeutic utility in the treatment of human glaucoma has been confusing. We evaluated the effect of selected 5-HT1A agonists and 5-HT2A receptor antagonists on intraocular pressure in a nonhuman primate model, the conscious cynomolgus monkey with laser-induced ocular hypertension. Neither selective 5-HT1A agonists [e.g., R-8-hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin and flesinoxan] nor selective 5-HT2 receptor antagonists [e.g., R-(+)-alpha-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1-[2-(4-fluorophenyl)ethyl]-4-piperidinemethanol (M-100907) and 6-chloro-2,3-dihydro-5-methyl-N-[6-[(2-methyl-3-pyridinyl)oxy]-3-pyridinyl]-1H-indole-1-carboxamide (SB-242084)] lowered intraocular pressure in the primate model following topical ocular administration. However, compounds that function as agonists at both the 5-HT1A and 5-HT2 receptors were found to effectively lower intraocular pressure in the model: 5-hydroxy-alpha-methyltryptamine, 5-methoxy-alpha-methyltryptamine, 5-hydroxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (bufotenine), and 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine. Furthermore, the selective 5-HT2 receptor agonist R-(-)-1-(4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-aminopropane lowered intraocular pressure in the primate model, demonstrating a pharmacological response associated with activation of the 5-HT2 receptor. These observations suggest that compounds that function as efficient agonists at 5-HT2 receptors should be considered as potential agents for the control of intraocular pressure in the treatment of ocular hypertension and glaucoma in humans.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmic Products Research, Alcon Research, Ltd., 6201 South Freeway, Ft. Worth, TX 76134, USA. jesse.may@alconlabs.com
authors.forename: Jesse A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: Marsha A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: Najam A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Sharif
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hellberg
authors.forename: Thomas R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Dean
mesh_terms: D017371:8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D044263:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008024:Ligands; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D044263:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT1; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; D017371:8-Hydroxy-2-(di-n-propylamino)tetralin