title: Relationships among subjective and objective measures of tongue strength and oral phase swallowing impairments.
abstract: A growing literature documents the relationship between tongue strength and oral phase swallowing function. Objective measures of strength have been recommended as more valid and reliable than subjective measures for the assessment of tongue function, yet subjective measures remain the more commonly used clinical method for assessing tongue strength. This study assessed the relationships among subjective and objective measures of tongue strength and oral phase swallowing impairments. Both subjective and objective measures of tongue strength were observed to be good predictors of the presence of oral phase swallowing impairments. The specific oral phase swallowing functions of bolus manipulation, mastication, and clearance were moderately correlated with subjective ratings of tongue strength. Experienced and inexperienced raters appeared to judge tongue strength differently, with the ratings of experienced raters being more predictive of swallowing function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Language, Reading, and Exceptionalities, P.O. Box 32085, Appalachian State University, Boone, NC 28608, USA. clarkhm@appstate.edu
authors.forename: Heather M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Pamela A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Henson
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.forename: Julie A G
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stierwalt
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sherrill
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014059:Tongue / Q000503:physiopathology*