title: Venospasm in contrast venography-guided axillary vein puncture for pacemaker lead implantation.
abstract: Venospasm is a recognized complication in right heart catheterization and the reported incidence is 2%. Contrast venography guided axillary vein puncture was a recently described technique for pacemaker lead implantation. This report describes a case of venospasm of the axillary vein during pacemaker implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine & Geriatrics, Princess Margaret Hospital, Princess Margaret Hospital Rd., Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, PR China. nywfchan@netvigator.com
authors.forename: Ngai-Yin
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Wai-Suen
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Leung
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001367:Axillary Vein; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D010690:Phlebography; D011677:Punctures; D014661:Vasoconstriction