VEGF-mediated angiogenesis is impaired by angiotensin type 1 receptor blockade in cardiomyopathic hamster hearts.
OBJECTIVE
Coronary microcirculation plays an important role in the progression of cardiac remodeling. Among angiogenic factors, it has been reported that angiotensin II may contribute to neovascularization. However, it is unknown whether inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system suppresses angiogenesis, especially within the heart. Our aim was to evaluate the effects of the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor enalapril and the angiotensin II receptor type I blocker valsartan on cardiac microvasculature, function, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression, and survival in cardiomyopathic hamsters.


METHODS
Male cardiomyopathic hamsters (BIO TO2) were administered either a placebo (group C), enalapril (30 mg/kg/day) (group E), or valsartan (40 mg/kg/day) (group V), starting at the age of 6 weeks. This continued until death. Hemodynamic study, histological analysis, and northern blot analysis were performed at 39 weeks.


RESULTS
Group V showed significant increases in percent fibrosis, end diastolic pressure, and LV dP/dt min, and significant decreases in percent fractional shortening, LV dP/dt max, capillary density, and the level of mRNA expression of VEGF compared with group C. Group E showed significant increases in percent fractional shortening while the capillary density and level of mRNA expression of VEGF were unchanged. The 300-day survival rate was significantly lower in group V (25.0%) but higher in group E (100%) than that of group C (66.7%).


CONCLUSIONS
Therapy with valsartan may have adverse effects on survival rate concomitant with the progression of cardiac remodeling owing to impaired VEGF-mediated angiogenesis. Therapy with enalapril has a neutral effect on VEGF-mediated angiogenesis, leading to the suppression of cardiac remodeling and an increase in life expectancy.
Shimizu
Toshihiro
T
Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Okamoto
Hiroshi
H
Chiba
Satoru
S
Matsui
Yutaka
Y
Sugawara
Takeshi
T
Akino
Masatoshi
M
Nan
Jia
J
Kumamoto
Hideki
H
Onozuka
Hisao
H
Mikami
Taisei
T
Kitabatake
Akira
A
D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D004656:Enalapril / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068756:Valsartan; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008222:Lymphokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D013777:Tetrazoles; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D004656:Enalapril; D000068756:Valsartan; D014633:Valine