title: Activation of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B is associated with the induction of inhibitory kappa B kinase-beta and involves differential activation of protein kinase C and protein tyrosine kinases during fatal murine cerebral malaria.
abstract: The levels of nuclear transcription factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) subunits p65 and p50 and its associated kinase, inhibitory kappa B kinase (IKK) alpha and beta were monitored in cytosolic and nuclear fraction of mice cerebral cortex and cerebellum using an experimental model of fatal murine cerebral malaria (FMCM). Since protein kinase C (PKC) and protein tyrosine kinases (PTK) are known to collaborately regulate the NF-kappaB activation, we also studied the activity of these two kinases in cytosol and membrane fraction. In parallel, the levels of two PKC isoforms (alpha and delta) and tyrosine phosphorylated proteins were monitored to correlate the observed changes in the activity. Our results underscore the involvement of IKK-beta as an essential mediator of NF-kappaB activation as evinced by the nuclear translocation of p65 and p50 during CM pathology. Additional findings confirm altered activity and levels of PKC and enhanced activation of PTK and tyrosine phosphorylation of proteins during CM pathology. These signaling intricacies involving an interplay between rel family (NF-kappaB) of transcription factors, PKC and PTK may serve as an important cue in understanding the possible continuation of the post receptor signaling events associated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha induction during FMCM pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.
authors.forename: Kota Arun
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Yadavalli
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Rajgopal
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.forename: Phanithi Prakash
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Babu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000201:enzymology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000201:enzymology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D016779:Malaria, Cerebral / Q000201:enzymology*; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; D051996:Transcription Factor RelA; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C496564:Chuk protein, mouse; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496562:Ikbkb protein, mouse; C496566:Ikbke protein, mouse; D011493:Protein Kinase C