title: A randomized controlled trial of a probiotic, VSL#3, on gut transit and symptoms in diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of a probiotic formulation, VSL#3, on gastrointestinal transit and symptoms of patients with Rome II irritable bowel syndrome with predominant diarrhoea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome were randomly assigned to receive VSL#3 powder (450 billion lyophilized bacteria/day) or matching placebo twice daily for 8 weeks after a 2-week run-in period. Pre- and post-treatment gastrointestinal transit measurements were performed in all patients. Patients recorded their bowel function and symptoms daily in a diary during the 10-week study, which was powered to detect a 50% change in the primary colonic transit end-point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in mean gastrointestinal transit measurements, bowel function scores or satisfactory global symptom relief between the two treatment groups, pre- or post-therapy. Differences in abdominal bloating scores between treatments were borderline significant (P = 0.09, analysis of covariance). Further analysis revealed that abdominal bloating was reduced (P = 0.046) with VSL#3 [mean post- minus pre-treatment score, - 13.7; 95% confidence interval (CI), - 2.5 to - 24.9], but not with placebo (P = 0.54) (mean post- minus pre-treatment score, - 1.7; 95% CI, 7.1 to - 10.4). With the exception of changes in abdominal bloating, VSL#3 had no effect on other individual symptoms: abdominal pain, gas and urgency. All patients tolerated VSL#3 well.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VSL#3 appears to be promising in the relief of abdominal bloating in patients with diarrhoea-predominant irritable bowel syndrome. This is unrelated to an alteration in gastrointestinal or colonic transit.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational & Epidemiological Research Program, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camilleri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McKinzie
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lempke
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Burton
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Thomforde
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Zinsmeister
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003109:Colonic Diseases, Functional / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D019936:Probiotics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome