title: Variable frequencies of t(11;18)(q21;q21) in MALT lymphomas of different sites: significant association with CagA strains of H pylori in gastric MALT lymphoma.
abstract: t(11;18)(q21;q21) is a specific chromosomal translocation associated with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma. It fuses the amino terminal of the API2 gene to the carboxyl terminal of the MALT1 gene and generates a chimeric fusion product. Although the translocation is frequently detected in gastric and pulmonary MALT lymphoma, its incidence in MALT lymphomas from other sites is largely unknown. It also remains unknown whether the occurrence of the translocation is influenced by the nature of preceding diseases associated with MALT lymphomas. We screened for t(11; 18)(q21;q21) in 417 cases of MALT lymphoma from 8 major sites by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. t(11;18)(q21;q21) was found at highest frequencies in MALT lymphomas from the lung (38%) and stomach (24%), and at moderate frequencies in those from the conjunctiva (19%) and orbit (14%). However, the translocation was found only rarely in MALT lymphomas from the salivary gland (1%) and was absent in those from the thyroid, skin, liver, and other rare sites, and in immunoproliferative small intestinal disease (IPSID). In gastric MALT lymphoma, t(11;18)(q21;q21) was significantly associated with infection by CagA-positive strains of Helicobacter pylori. As CagA-positive strains of H pylori are much more potent in induction of host inflammatory responses, including activation of neutrophils, which release highly genotoxic oxygen reactive species, we therefore examined neutrophil infiltration in recognized precursors of MALT lymphoma including H pylori-associated gastritis, lymphoepithelial sialadenitis, and Hashimoto thyroiditis. Neutrophil infiltration was prominent in H pylori-associated gastritis but not in lymphoepithelial sialadenitis and Hashimoto thyroiditis. Our results demonstrate that t(11;18)(q21; q21) occurs at markedly variable frequencies in MALT lymphoma of different sites and suggest that the occurrence of the translocation is influenced by the nature of premalignant diseases associated with MALT lymphoma. Oxidative damage might play a role in development of t(11;18)(q21; q21).
authors.affiliation: Department of Histopathology, University College London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Hongtao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Hongxiang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ayoma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Attygalle
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Wotherspoon
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Charlotte
authors.forename: Veronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leblond
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Speight
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goodlad
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lavergne-Slove
authors.forename: Jose Ignacio
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Martin-Subero
authors.forename: Reiner
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Siebert
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Isaacson
authors.forename: Ming-Qing
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Du
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D000074018:B-Cell CLL-Lymphoma 10 Protein; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018375:Neutrophil Activation; D009928:Organ Specificity; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000074018:B-Cell CLL-Lymphoma 10 Protein; C118591:BCL10 protein, human; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C080866:cagA protein, Helicobacter pylori