Detection of bloodstream pathogens in a bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG)-vaccinated pediatric population in Malawi: a pilot study.
Children in Malawi receive bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination within the first 3 days of life. Thus, we hypothesized that Malawian children infected with the human immunodeficiency type 1 virus (HIV-1) might be particularly vulnerable to dissemination of the BCG Mycobacterium bovis strain with which they were vaccinated. Following informed consent by parents, we studied children admitted to a Malawi general hospital during the 1998 wet and dry seasons. Blood from cohorts of acutely ill children was cultured for bacteria, including mycobacteria, and fungi, and tested for anti-HIV-1 antibodies. It was shown that non-typhi Salmonella and Escherichia coli were the predominant bloodstream pathogens during the wet and dry seasons, and that bloodstream dissemination of the BCG M. bovis strain is uncommon in HIV-1-infected children who receive the BCG vaccine.
Archibald
L K
LK
CDC Mailstop A-35, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. LCA6@CDC.GOV
Nwanyanwu
O
O
Kazembe
P N
PN
Mwansambo
C
C
Bell
M
M
Dobbie
H
H
Reller
L B
LB
Jarvis
W R
WR
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D000293:Adolescent; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology*; D001769:Blood / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003470:Culture Media; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D015497:HIV-1; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008295:Malawi; D008297:Male; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012621:Seasons; D014376:Tuberculosis; D014611:Vaccination
D001500:BCG Vaccine; D003470:Culture Media