title: The role of disinfectant resistance of Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis in recurring infections in Pennsylvania egg quality assurance program monitored flocks.
abstract: The Pennsylvania egg quality assurance program (PEQAP) has made major gains in the reduction of Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis (S. enteritidis). However, S. enteritidis continues to be a major food safety concern for the commercial egg laying industry. Despite intensive control efforts through PEQAP, some commercial egg layer houses still remain positive for S. enteritidis. The primary objective of this study was to determine whether S. enteritidis isolates obtained from historically environmentally S. enteritidis-positive houses were resistant to commonly used disinfectants. Archived S. enteritidis isolates (environmental, rodent, or egg) were compared with recently obtained isolates from the environment, rodents, or eggs from the same S. enteritidis-positive house. In addition, the isolates were compared with archived isolates from those premises that appeared to have eliminated S. enteritidis from their layer facilities. The official methods of the use-dilution analysis of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists were used to evaluate each disinfectant product. Two phenolic, one quaternary ammonium, and one combination product containing quaternary ammonium and formaldehyde were evaluated, in addition to one sodium hypochlorite detergent. All products diluted according to the manufacturers' recommendations killed the S. enteritidis isolates in this test system. There was no difference in susceptibility or resistance to the disinfectants used between the isolates from those facilities that remained S. enteritidis-positive and those that appeared to have eliminated S. enteritidis from their facility.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Avian Medicine and Pathology, University of Pennsylvania, Kennett Square, PA 19438, USA.
authors.forename: Sherrill
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: Donald S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Munro
authors.forename: Shelly C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Rankin
authors.forename: Andre E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ziegler
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Eckroade
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004531:Eggs / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000592:standards; D005516:Food Microbiology / Q000592:standards; D010414:Pennsylvania / Q000453:epidemiology; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants