title: Characterization of Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract effects on the rumen fungus Neocallimastix frontalis, EB 188. Part 2. Carbon source utilization and effects on zoospore production.
abstract: The effect of a commercial Aspergillus oryzae fermentation extract on the utilization of carbon source and zoospore production by the rumen fungus Neocallimastix frontalis EB 188 was determined. In addition, the composition of a soluble extract prepared from the commercial product was analyzed. This extract was added to N. frontalis EB 188 cultures grown on a variety of substrates and periodically assayed for protein, enzymes, zoospore production, and carbon source utilization. The powdered product contained 93% dry matter, more than 3,000 A. oryzaespores per gram, and did not contain strong buffers or high concentrations of salt. Measurable concentrations of DNA, protein, carbohydrate and several enzymes including cellulase and amylase were also found. Soluble extract increased fungal physiology and treated cultures produced significantly higher levels of supernatant protein and enzymes including amylase, cellulase and beta-glucosidase. The fungal response depended on culture carbon source. However, culture zoospore production was increased regardless of substrate provided. Culture utilization of glucose was more rapid in treated cultures, yet high levels of the extract greatly inhibited glucose utilization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and School of Molecular BioSciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-6353, USA.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Albright
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Calza
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Calza
mesh_terms: D000681:Amylases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001236:Aspergillus oryzae / Q000378:metabolism*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002480:Cellulase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004798:Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D020088:Neocallimastix / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012417:Rumen / Q000382:microbiology; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000254:growth & development*; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism; D001617:beta-Glucosidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D002482:Cellulose; D013213:Starch; D000681:Amylases; D001617:beta-Glucosidase; D002480:Cellulase; D005947:Glucose