title: Intravenous epinephrine in life-threatening asthma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intravenous epinephrine is a potentially vital therapy for patients with life-threatening asthma but is often avoided because of concerns about its safety. We evaluated the safety of intravenous epinephrine in a series of adults with life-threatening asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed an explicit retrospective chart review on a case series of 27 emergency department patients aged 19 to 58 years (mean 25 years) who were treated with intravenous epinephrine for a life-threatening exacerbation of asthma between 1989 and 1997. Explicit criteria for adverse effects, including cardiac arrhythmia or ischemia, hypotension or hypertension, neurologic injury, and death, were defined before chart review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No patient had an arrhythmia other than sinus tachycardia, and there were no cases of cardiac ischemia, hypotension, neurologic deficit, or death.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenous epinephrine was safe in this small series of younger adults with acute life-threatening asthma. A prospective trial of its use to better define an efficacy and risk-benefit relationship is justified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California-Los Angeles Medical Center, USA. djsmithmd@cox.net
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riel
authors.forename: Ira
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tilles
authors.forename: Russ
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kino
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lis
authors.forename: Jerome R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004630:Emergencies; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D004837:Epinephrine