title: The role of work simulation tests in a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation program.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the goals of a comprehensive cardiac rehabilitation (CR) program is the patient's return to his or her usual activities. The aims of this paper were to implement an occupational evaluation protocol in a CR and to assess patients' hemodynamic responses and ventricular arrhythmias during work simulation tests.
  
  
  METHODS
  After an 8-week outpatient CR, 132 patients performed work simulation, lifting (MH-L) and carrying (MH-C) tests. ECG, heart rate and blood pressure were constantly monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The comparison of physiological responses during work simulation and a standard exercise testing provided the following results: 1) maximal heart rate, blood pressure and double product values during WS and MH tests were significantly lower (p < 0.001) than those measured during exercise testing; 2) higher (p < 0.001) double product values were achieved during MH-C as compared to MH-L and work simulation; 3) arrhythmias were more frequent during MH-L as compared to exercise test (p < 0.001). The increment of double product was reached much faster during work simulation and MH tests as compared to exercise testing: according to the multivariate analysis this was a predictor of a greater incidence of arrhythmias. The incidence of arrhythmias during work simulation tests and MH was significantly higher in patients with reduced tolerance to effort, valvular replacement, arrhythmias during holter monitoring, low ejection fraction and effort silent ischaemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Work simulation test provide a more personal functional assessment, complementary to the exercise testing. It appears particularly useful in patients with higher functional impairment who are at a higher risk of arrhythmias.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Rehabilitation Ospedale Beauregard, Via Vaccari 5 11100 Aosta. margheritavona@yahoo.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vona
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Capodaglio
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iannessa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Carra
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iannino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Marchi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ceci
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014937:Work