title: The reliability of different formulae to predict creatinine clearance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Creatinine clearance (CCR) is a commonly used tool to measure glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in clinical practice. This tool requires collection of 24-h urine, which is quite bothersome. Several different formulae have been used to estimate GFR using plasma creatinine and other easy formulae to obtain biometrical data. We examined 10 formulae and compared them with actually measured CCR in a large sample of the general population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital outpatient clinic, a population based study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 8592 inhabitants of the city of Groningen, 28-75 years of age. The cohort is enriched for microalbuminuria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In general, the formulae did not give an accurate estimation of CCR, particularly not in male and in obese subjects. Six formulae, including the Cockcroft-Gault gave a fairly good estimation of CCR in the overall population and in subgroups of specific gender, body mass index and age. All formulae however, gave an underestimation of the measured CCR in higher ranges of CCR and an overestimation in the lower ranges. Moreover, the age-related decline of CCR is hard to approximate with a formula.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that formulae to estimate CCR in the general population, although giving a fairly good estimate of mean CCR, do not offer reliable data on CCR in the upper and lower ranges and do not adequately estimate the age-related decline in CCR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen University The Netherlands.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Verhave
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Baljé-Volkers
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Hillege
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Zeeuw
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: de Jong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine