title: Effect of formulation on the topical delivery of alpha-tocopherol.
abstract: The objective of this research was to investigate the effect of concentration and delivery system on skin permeation of alpha-tocopherol (alpha-T). Also, the addition of sunscreens and oleic acid on alpha-T permeation was studied using an in vitro micro-Yucatan pig skin model. Various delivery systems of alpha-T (1%) were formulated, which included simple solution, gels, emulsions, and microemulsions. The experimental design chosen for this study was a statistical randomized complete block design. alpha-T delivery was proportional to its concentration. The hydroalcoholic gel delivered significantly higher amounts of alpha-T into the receptor than the other gels used. A microemulsion containing isopropyl myristate emerged as the best delivery system for alpha-T among all the systems studied. Pig skin is a suitable in vitro model for studying the permeation of alpha-T and possibly other antioxidants, though in vivo experiments in humans are required to further corroborate the data.
authors.affiliation: Organon USA, 375 Mt. Pleasant Avenue, West Orange, NJ 07052, USA.
authors.forename: Meera
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rangarajan
authors.forename: Joel L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Zatz
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D004304:Dosage Forms; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D004304:Dosage Forms; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol