title: Audit on stillbirths in women with pregestational type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To audit stillbirth cases in women with type 1 diabetes to search for specific characteristics in order to improve antenatal care and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospectively identified cases of stillbirths in women with type 1 diabetes during 1990-2000 were analyzed regarding characteristics of the mother, the pregnancy, glycemic control, and the stillborn. The cause of stillbirth was categorized as explainable, likely, or without obvious cause.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 22 women with 25 stillbirths among 1,361 singleton births by women with type 1 diabetes. In seven stillbirths the cause was categorized as explainable and in six as likely. In 12 cases no obvious cause was found; however, glycemic control was suboptimal in 9 of these cases. A total of 14 women reported daily smoking, and 10 of 19 with low education were unemployed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women experiencing stillbirth were characterized by a high incidence of suboptimal glycemic control, diabetic nephropathy, smoking, and low social status.
authors.affiliation: Obstetric Clinic, the Juliane Marie Center, National University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. lauenborg@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Jeannet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lauenborg
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mathiesen
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ovesen
authors.forename: Jes G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Westergaard
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ekbom
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mølsted-Pedersen
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Damm
mesh_terms: D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008485:Medical Audit / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin