title: Polymorphisms in CYP1A1, GSTM1, GSTT1 and lung cancer below the age of 45 years.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A genetic component of early-onset lung cancer has been suggested. The role of metabolic gene polymorphisms has never been studied in young lung cancer cases. Phase 1 and Phase 2 gene polymorphisms are involved in tobacco carcinogens' metabolism and therefore in lung cancer risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of metabolic gene polymorphisms on lung cancer at young ages was studied by pooling data from the Genetic Susceptibility to Environmental Carcinogens (GSEC) database. All primary lung cancer cases of both sexes who were Caucasian and </=45 years of age at diagnosis, and the corresponding controls were selected. We obtained 261 cases and 1452 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a marginally significant association between lung cancer and GSTT1 null genotype (OR=1.2; 95% CI:1.0-1.6), and a significant association between lung cancer and the homozygous CYP1A1 Msp1 variant allele (CYP1A1*2A and *2B) genotype (OR=4.7 95% CI:1.2-19.0). When data were stratified by smoking status, the association between CYP1A1 genotype and lung cancer was confined to never smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that metabolic genetic factors play a role in lung cancer developing at young ages.
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Ospedale Maggiore IRCCS, Italy.
authors.forename: E
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authors.lastname: Taioli
authors.forename: L
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authors.lastname: Gaspari
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authors.lastname: Benhamou
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authors.lastname: Boffetta
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authors.lastname: Brockmoller
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authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Butkiewicz
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authors.lastname: Cascorbi
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Clapper
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authors.lastname: Dolzan
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authors.lastname: Haugen
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authors.lastname: Husgafvel-Pursiainen
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authors.lastname: Kalina
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authors.lastname: Kremers
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authors.lastname: Le Marchand
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authors.lastname: London
authors.forename: A
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authors.lastname: Rannug
authors.forename: M
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authors.lastname: Romkes
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schoket
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seidegard
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Strange
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Stucker
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authors.lastname: To-Figueras
authors.forename: S
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authors.lastname: Garte
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1