Universal scaling for ripple formation in granular media.
The wavelength scaling of ripple patterns formed by granular materials underneath flowing fluids is investigated. Experimental results from five systems involving substantially different experimental conditions are compared to each other. The data analysis reveals that all systems display a common, global scaling behavior for the onset of ripple formation on short time scales. This suggests the existence of common physical mechanisms governing ripple formation in these systems.
Zoueshtiagh
F
F
Laboratoire de Physique et Mécanique des Milieux Hétérogène (LPMMH), Ecole Supérieure de Physique et Chimie Industrielles (ESPCI), 10 Rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France. farzam@pmmh.espci.fr
Thomas
P J
PJ