title: Physiologic cyclic stretch inhibits apoptosis in vascular endothelium.
abstract: Since apoptosis of endothelial cells (ECs) plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, we investigated the effect of cyclic stretch on EC apoptosis. Application of moderate, physiologic levels of cyclic stretch (6-10% at 1 Hz) inhibited EC apoptosis. This anti-apoptotic effect was dependent on the activation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and associated with the activation of Akt and the phosphorylation of Bad. Interestingly, a higher potentially pathologic level of cyclic stretch (20% at 1 Hz) stimulated EC apoptosis. The ability of physiologic cyclic stretch to inhibit EC apoptosis may provide a previously unrecognized mechanism by which hemodynamic forces exert an anti-atherogenic effect.
authors.affiliation: VA Medical Center and the Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Xiao-ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ensenat
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Andrew I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Schafer
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Durante
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D010507:Periodicity; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D013314:Stress, Mechanical
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; C494918:AKT1 protein, human