The Nogo-66 receptor: focusing myelin inhibition of axon regeneration.
CNS myelin inhibits axonal outgrowth in vitro and is one of several obstacles to functional recovery following spinal cord injury. Central to our current understanding of myelin-mediated inhibition are the membrane protein Nogo and the Nogo-66 receptor (NgR). New findings implicate NgR as a point of convergence in signal transduction for several myelin-associated inhibitors. Additional studies have identified a potential coreceptor for NgR as p75(NTR), and a second-messenger pathway involving RhoA that inhibits neurite elongation. Although these findings expand our understanding of the molecular determinants of adult CNS axonal regrowth, the physiological roles of myelin-associated inhibitors in the intact adult CNS remain ill-defined.
McGee
Aaron W
AW
Departments of Neurology and Neurobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208018, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. stephen.strittmatter@yale.edu
Strittmatter
Stephen M
SM
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000502:physiology*; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein / Q000378:metabolism; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; D051381:Rats; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology*; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C571326:MOG protein, human; C571327:Mog protein, mouse; C571328:Mog protein, rat; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; C000603199:RTN4 protein, human; C486580:RTN4R protein, human; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; C000603201:Rtn4 protein, mouse; C000603197:Rtn4 protein, rat; C419790:Rtn4r protein, mouse; C486581:Rtn4r protein, rat; C010781:acute-phase protein rho