title: p27(Kip1) is an independent predictor of recurrence after surgical resection in patients with small hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Alterations in p27(Kip1) (p27) and cyclin E (cycE) expression are found in tumors and are related to poor prognosis. This study assesses the role of these cell cycle regulators in the development of recurrence after surgical resection in 46 cirrhotic patients (age: 61.3+/-7 years, 30 males, 44 Child-Pugh's A, 30 HCV-positive) with small hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC, size: 3.1+/-1.5cm, 40 solitary at pathological examination).
  
  
  METHODS
  p27 and cycE expression in tumoral and non-tumoral liver were analyzed by Western blot (WB). p27 was also assessed by immunohistochemistry (IHC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor p27 underexpression (50% decreased vs. non-tumoral liver) occurred in 12 cases. Throughout follow-up, 26 patients developed recurrence, which was significantly higher in patients with p27 underexpression than in those without (3-year recurrence: 80 vs. 44%, respectively, P=0.026). IHC showed concordant inverse findings: 13 tumors showed high p27 staining that was related to lower recurrence rate (P=0.019). Multivariate analysis identified p27 measured by WB as an improved predictor of recurrence (OR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.26-7.08, P=0.016). By contrast, cycE, increased in 66% of the tumors, had no impact on recurrence but was associated to poor differentiation (P=0.015) and microvascular invasion (P=0.016).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  p27 underexpression is frequent in relatively early stages of HCC and constitutes an independent predictor of recurrence after surgical resection.
authors.affiliation: Barcelona Clínic Liver Cancer (BCLC) Group, Liver Unit, Digestive Disease Institute, Hospital Clínic, Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), University of Barcelona, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Armengol
authors.forename: Loreto
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boix
authors.forename: Oriol
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bachs
authors.forename: Manel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Solé
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fuster
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sala
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Llovet
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodés
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bruix
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division; D019927:Cyclin E / Q000378:metabolism; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D019927:Cyclin E; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27