title: A new turn in Rho GTPase activation by Escherichia coli cytotoxic necrotizing factors.
abstract: Various bacterial protein toxins and effectors target Rho GTPases, which are eukaryotic regulators of signal transduction pathways. Many toxins inactivate these GTPases but some, such as the cytotoxic necrotizing factors (CNFs) from Escherichia coli, activate them by deamidation. Recent studies have provided exciting new clues to the functional consequences of the activation of Rho GTPases by CNFs and its effect on the host-pathogen interaction.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Universität Freiburg, Otto-Krayer-Haus, Albertstrasse 25, 79104 Freiburg, Germany. klaus.aktories@pharmakol.uni-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aktories
authors.forename: Gudula
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006801:Humans; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D003603:Cytotoxins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C086995:cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 2; C060296:cytotoxic necrotizing factor type 1; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins