title: Rehabilitation programs and prevention strategies in adolescent throwing athletes.
abstract: A specific and early diagnosis must be made in the injured skeletally immature throwing athlete. A well-outlined program of rest, rehabilitation, and proper throwing techniques should be implemented and continued. Overuse injuries are preventable when biomechanics are sound and pitch counts are done with the limits enforced. Guidelines for inning limits, number of pitches, rest intervals, and throwing programs should be followed for adolescent pitchers because adolescents differ from adults. Information is included for specifications of the ball and helmet, as well as chest protective equipment. The goal should be for the Little League players to have fun and be injury free as they are competing, which gives them the best experience and allows continuation of athletic activities for a lifetime.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Medicine and Shoulder Surgery, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Edward G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: McFarland
authors.forename: Mary Lloyd
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ireland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D001134:Arm Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001484:Baseball / Q000293:injuries*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002648:Child; D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D011482:Protective Devices