title: Urinalysis for interleukin-8 in the non-invasive diagnosis of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Given its role in mediating inflammation, the use of urinary interleukin-8 (IL-8) was assessed in the non-invasive diagnosis of acute and chronic inflammatory diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  IL-8 was measured by an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay in random urine samples (1 ml each) carrying code numbers and taken from 208 patients: 177 adults and 31 children presenting with a range of active or inactive inflammatory conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the appropriate controls and in patients with inactive inflammation, the median urinary IL-8 levels ranged from 7-12 pg/ml, compared with 104 pg/ml in active ulcerative colitis (p = 0.002), 54 in active Crohn's disease (p = 0.025), 93 in active rheumatoid arthritis (p = 0.001), 107 in acute cholecystitis (p<0.0001), 127 in acute appendicitis (p = 0.0001), and 548 pg/ml in urinary tract infection (p<0.0001). Children with non-viral inflammation/infection also had higher IL-8 values (median, 199 pg/ml; p = 0.0001) than those with viral infection (median, 7 pg/ml) or non-specific conditions (median, 10 pg/ml). In the study group as a whole urinary IL-8 values correlated positively with peripheral blood white cell count (r = 0.32; p < 0.001), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (r = 0.41; p<0.001), and C-reactive protein (r = 0.33; p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taking the appropriate clinical situation into account, urinary IL-8 measurement helps in the non-invasive assessment of active inflammation in at least a number of common acute and chronic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Crosshouse Hospital, Kilmarnock, Scotland, UK. astaha@globalnet.co.uk
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Kelly
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000652:urine*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D016209:Interleukin-8; D002097:C-Reactive Protein