title: Metaphase II transgenesis.
abstract: Since its advent in 1974, at least 11 methods have been developed to introduce potentially heritable exogenous DNA (transgenes; tgs) into mammals. These methods are now briefly reviewed in the context of a nascent method that has been demonstrated by microinjection of membrane-depleted sperm heads and tg DNA into metaphase II (mII) oocytes: mII transgenesis. The efficiency of mII transgenesis is at least as high as that of the well-established and prevailing alternative, pronuclear microinjection. Moreover, mII transgenesis promises to facilitate large tg delivery to assist with the generation of disease models and other paradigms in mammalian genome engineering.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Cell Technology, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605, USA. tony@cdb.riken.go.jp
authors.forename: Anthony C F
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Perry
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D008540:Meiosis / Q000235:genetics*; D008677:Metaphase; D019076:Transgenes