title: Novel approach to minimizing trocar sites during challenging hand-assisted laparoscopic surgery utilizing the Gelport: trans-gel instrument insertion and utilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We present a novel technique for modified application of a hand-assist device, the Gelport (Applied Medical Resources, Rancho Santa Margarita, CA), which uses a gel for intra-abdominal access.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 53-year-old woman with a history of rectal cancer treated by abdominoperineal resection, ileostomy, subsequent reanastomosis, chemotherapy, and radiation presented with a 6-cm upper-pole left renal mass. Staging was negative, and a CT scan showed no evidence of lymphadenopathy or renal vein involvement. The patient elected to undergo a hand-assisted laparoscopic radical nephrectomy. Numerous intra-abdominal adhesions were encountered during initial periumbilical hand port placement. The initial adhesions were taken down in an open fashion; however, the proposed trocar sites still could not be exposed. The Gelport was placed, and a laparoscope was passed directly through the established central opening and the gel. A working instrument was then passed through the gel itself, allowing adhesiolysis under direct laparoscopic vision.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The nephrectomy was completed laparoscopically in 4 hours and 15 minutes with lysis of adhesion occupying 90 minutes of the operative time. The estimated blood loss was 150 mL. Despite the technical difficulty of the case, the procedure was completed laparoscopically with two standard 12-mm trocars and a 5-mm lateral retraction trocar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Gelport permits simultaneous insertion of the surgeon's hand and a working laparoscopic instrument. This allows for maximally efficient utilization of the incision made for hand-assist device placement and may minimize the need for additional trocars during challenging laparoscopic cases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: David I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Landman
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D005782:Gels