title: Accuracy of antenatal fetal ultrasound in the diagnosis of duplex kidneys.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the accuracy of ultrasound diagnosis of duplex kidneys in the fetus and to identify prognostic features of antenatal sonography associated with this diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective identification of cases with an antenatal diagnosis of duplex kidney was made from computerized databases. Results of postnatal radiological investigations were obtained from the unit where delivery took place.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 75% of cases seen in a multidisciplinary fetal renal clinic were correctly diagnosed as having a duplex kidney. Prognostic sonographic features are described. Detection of two separate poles or a ureterocele were strongly associated with a correct diagnosis. Accuracy was increased when two or more prognostic features were seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Accurate sonographic diagnosis of duplex kidneys in the fetus is possible in a dedicated multidisciplinary setting. Antenatal counseling and planning of postnatal care for the infant can be made with a high degree of certainty.
authors.affiliation: Fetal Medicine Unit, Elizabeth Garrett Anderson and Obstetric Hospital, London, UK. m.whitten@ich.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Whitten
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McHoney
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Wilcox
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: New
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Chitty
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000592:standards*