title: The influence of various physiological challenges on permanent changes to the cardiovascular system.
abstract: The concept of fetal programming provides an intellectual framework that links physiological adaptations that occur during development to permanent changes in postnatal regulatory systems. Recent research in the area of cardiovascular programming has highlighted the mechanisms by which these changes exert their effects. The aim of this review is to integrate some of the literature on nutritional changes, exposure to excess glucocorticoids and other challenges during development as they provide support for various mechanisms of programming of the cardiovascular system.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Thornburg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000235:genetics; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000196:embryology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004703:Endocrine System / Q000196:embryology; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D039401:Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids