title: Effect of vanadium on colonic aberrant crypt foci induced in rats by 1,2 dimethyl hydrazine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the chemo preventive effects of vanadium on rat colorectal carcinogenesis induced by 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Sprague-Dawley Rats were randomly divided into four groups. Rats in Group A received saline vehicle alone for 16 weeks. Rats in Group B were given DMH injection once a week intraperitoneally for 16 weeks; rats in Group C, with the same DMH treatment as in the Group B, but received 0.5-ppm vanadium in the form ammonium monovanadate ad libitum in drinking water. Rats in the Group D received vanadium alone as in the Group C without DMH injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were formed in animals in DMH-treated groups at the end of week 16. Compared to DMH group, vanadium treated group had less ACF (P<0.001). At the end of week 32, all rats in DMH group developed large intestinal tumors. Rats treated with vanadium contained significantly few colonic adenomas and carcinomas (P<0.05) compared to rats administered DMH only. In addition, a significant reduction (P<0.05) in colon tumor burden (sum of tumor sizes per animal) was also evident in animals of Group C when compared to those in rats of carcinogen control Group B. The results also showed that vanadium significantly lowered PCNA index in ACF (P<0.005). Furthermore, vanadium supplementation also elevated liver GST and Cyt P-450 activities (P<0.001 and P<0.02, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vanadium in the form of ammonium monovanadate supplemented in drinking water ad libitum has been found to be highly effective in reducing tumor incidence and preneoplastic foci on DMH-induced colorectal carcinogenesis. These findings suggest that vanadium administration can suppress colon carcinogenesis in rats.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700032 (Calcutta), India.
authors.forename: P-Suresh
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Kanna
authors.forename: C B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Mahendrakumar
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hemalatha
authors.forename: Pratik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Banerjee
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
mesh_terms: D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine / Q000633:toxicity; D000236:Adenoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014638:Vanadates / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D014638:Vanadates; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D019813:1,2-Dimethylhydrazine