title: Tissue reaction initiated by different sealers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the type and degree of inflammatory reaction initiated by four sealers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four root canals of Macaca mulatta monkeys were filled within the canal and eight were overfilled with AH26, Apexit, Endomethasone or Grossman's sealers. The result of the treatment was evaluated after 6 months by histological assessment of the periapical tissues.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the group of root canals filled within the root, no inflammatory reaction was detected in specimens of Apexit and Grossman's sealers, but the other two sealers initiated different degrees of lymphocytic/plasmocytic tissue reactions. Endomethasone initiated a mild lymphocytic/plasmocytic reaction in three of the nine cases and AH26 caused mild lymphocytic/plasmocytic infiltration in two of the seven cases. In the group of overfilled root canals, all four sealers initiated inflammatory reactions. The periapical tissue reactions of overfilled root canals were similar to reactions detected in cases filled within the canal. However, additional histological features developed in specimens of Endomethasone and AH26: Endomethasone initiated a foreign body-type granulomatous reaction around the sealer particles and AH26 particles were engulfed by macrophages. The overfilled root canals of Apexit and Grossman's sealers initiated only lymphocytic/plasmocytic reactions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that sealers with different chemical compositions initiate different histological reactions. It also emphasizes the importance of confining root filling to the canal system because all sealers initiate inflammatory reactions when they are present in the apical tissues
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pécs University, Pécs, Hungary. bernath@konfog.sote.hu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernáth
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szabó
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D001729:Bismuth / Q000633:toxicity; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000633:toxicity; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000633:toxicity; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000150:complications; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000633:toxicity; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000009:adverse effects; D012834:Silver / Q000633:toxicity; D013943:Thymol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D014025:Titanium / Q000633:toxicity; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C074418:Apexit; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C011244:corticosteroid methanetriol mixture; C045432:Grossman's sealer; D005557:Formaldehyde; D013943:Thymol; D012834:Silver; C028044:epoxy resin AH-26; D003907:Dexamethasone; D014025:Titanium; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D001729:Bismuth; D006854:Hydrocortisone