title: Daily use of dentifrice with and without xylitol and fluoride: effect on glucose retention in humans in vivo.
abstract: The effect of daily use of three different dentifrices on glucose retention after glucose mouth rinsing was tested in this study regarding xylitol and fluoride. Six experimental groups used three different dentifrices produced by two different companies: xylitol- and fluoride-containing dentifrice (XF), non-xylitol- and fluoride-containing dentifrice (F), and non-xylitol- and non-fluoride-containing dentifrice (NonX-NonF). Subjects were divided at random and rinsed their mouths for 15s with 20ml of 0.5M glucose solution. Glucose and lactate retention were determined by collecting samples of saliva from the approximal areas of the maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth and using the enzyme membrane test. Samples were collected 0, 1 and 2 months after the start of regular dentifrice use. There were significant differences in glucose retention in relation to the dentifrice used, month of sampling, site of sampling, and time since start of rinsing. Their contribution ratios were 2.0, 4.4, 11.7 and 7.4%, respectively (P<0.01). There were significant differences observed between the XF and NonX-NonF groups, with the XF group presenting lower glucose retention than the NonX-NonF group. The XF group presented lower glucose retention than the F group. The F group showed lower glucose retention than the NonX-NonF group. There were significant differences in lactate retention in relation to the month and site of sampling, and their contribution ratios were 3.3 and 2.8%, respectively (P<0.01). There were, however, no significant differences in glucose and lactate retention in relation to the dentifrice manufacturer. It was concluded that the XF dentifrice was the most effective, and the F dentifrice was more effective in reducing glucose retention than the NonX-NonF dentifrice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Dentistry and Dental Public Health, School of Dentistry, Aichi-Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagaki
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekiya
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goshima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Isogai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hanaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuwahara
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatematsu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000378:metabolism; D003802:Dentifrices; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D013549:Sweetening Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013997:Time Factors; D014993:Xylitol / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D003802:Dentifrices; D013549:Sweetening Agents; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005947:Glucose; D005459:Fluorides; D014993:Xylitol