[Generation of new nerve cells in the adult human brain].
Generation of new nerve cells (neurogenesis) is normally considered to be limited to the fetal and early postnatal period. Thus, damaged nerve cells are not expected to be replaced by generation of new cells. The brain is, however, more plastic than previously assumed. This also includes neurogenesis in the adult human brain. In particular two brain regions show continuous division of neural stem and progenitor cells generating neurons and glial cells, namely the subgranular zone of the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zones of the lateral ventricles. From the latter region newly generated neuroblasts (immature nerve cells) migrate toward the olfactory bulb where they differentiate into neurons. In the dentate gyrus the newly generated neurons become functionally integrated in the granule cell layer, where they are believed to be of importance to learning and memory. It is at present not known whether neurogenesis in the adult human brain can be manipulated for specific repair after brain damage.
Poulsen
Frantz Rom
FR
Institut for Medicinsk Biologi, Syddansk Universitet, Winsløwparken 21, DK-5000 Odense C. fpoulsen@health.sdu.dk
Meyer
Morten
M
Rasmussen
Jens Zimmer
JZ
D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation
D006133:Growth Substances; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin
Dannelse af nye nerveceller i den voksne hjerne.