title: MR imaging with quantitative diffusion mapping of tacrolimus-induced neurotoxicity in organ transplant patients.
abstract: Our objective was to investigate brain MR imaging findings and the utility of diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging in organ transplant patients who developed neurologic symptoms during tacrolimus therapy. Brain MR studies, including DW imaging, were prospectively performed in 14 organ transplant patients receiving tacrolimus who developed neurologic complications. In each patient who had abnormalities on the initial MR study, a follow-up MR study was performed 1 month later. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values on the initial MR study were correlated with reversibility of the lesions. Of the 14 patients, 5 (35.7%) had white matter abnormalities, 1 (7.1%) had putaminal hemorrhage, and 8 (57.1%) had normal findings on initial MR images. Among the 5 patients with white matter abnormalities, 4 patients (80.0%) showed higher than normal ADC values on initial MR images, and all showed complete resolution on follow-up images. The remaining 1 patient (20.0%) showed lower than normal ADC value and showed incomplete resolution with cortical laminar necrosis. Diffusion-weighted imaging may be useful in predicting the outcomes of the lesions of tacrolimus-induced neurotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoinkawahara-cho Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. shimono@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimono
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Egawa
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uemoto
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Mitsunori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanagaki
authors.forename: Kyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Konishi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D007223:Infant; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016377:Organ Transplantation; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity*; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016559:Tacrolimus