title: [Oral hydratation with a low osmolality solution in dehydrated children with diarrheic diseases: controlled clinical trial].
abstract: A clinical trial was conducted to compare the efficacy of a low-osmolarity solution (245 mOsm/L), and a standard oral rehydration solution (ORS) recommended by WHO for children dehydrated by diarrhea. Group 1 (69 children) received WHO/ORS (311 mOsml/L) and group 2 (71 children) received a low-osmolarity solution (245 mOsm/L). Rehydration was successful in 88.4% in group 1 and 92.9% in group 2 (p = 0.35). Rehydration was completed in 5.2 h (SD +/- 1.8) in group 1 and 5.5 (SD +/- 1.7) in group 2 (p = 0.31). Stool output was 6.3 g/kg/h (SD +/- 5.0) in group 1 and 5.6 g/kg/h (SD +/- 5.1) in group 2 (p = 0.94). Sodium at rehydration-completion was 139.3 mEq/L (SD +/- 7.1) in group 1 and 136.7 mEq/L (SD +/- 4.3) in group 2 (p = 0.014). Group 1 was under observation for 21 hours (SD +/- 5.7) and group 2, for 22 hours (SD +/- 5.6). Stool output in group 1 was 5.2 g/kg/h (SD 4.1) and 4.2 gr./kg/h (SD +/- 4.1) in group 2 (p = 0.16). In group 1, 23.1% required intravenous solutions and 9.8% in group 2 (p = 0.03). In treating dehydrated children, the low-osmolarity solution diminished the need for intravenous solutions, corrected most plasmatic sodium disorders, and produced no-risk of developing hyponatremia.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatría y Puericultura, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia. cabp@epm.net.co
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bernal
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Velásquez
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Uribe
authors.forename: Carlos Mauricio
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Palacio
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003681:Dehydration / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003968:Diarrhea, Infantile / Q000150:complications*; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration
vernacular_title: Hidratación oral con una solución de baja osmolaridad en niños deshidratados por enfermedades diarreicas: un estudio clínico controlado.