title: Elevated C-reactive protein levels are associated with endothelial dysfunction in chronic cocaine users.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relationship of the serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and endothelial function and their associations with coronary artery calcification, lipid profile and cardiac changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analyses for serum lipids and CRP, echocardiography, spiral computed tomography scans and endothelial function assay were performed in 53 participants with a history of chronic cocaine use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in demographic characteristics and drug use between CRP normal (<1.9 mg/l) and abnormal groups. The brachial artery diameter percentage changes in the third scan (immediately after deflation of cuff) and the fourth scan (90 s after deflation of cuff) were significantly associated with the CRP levels (the third: beta=-0.054, S.E.=0.027; P=0.028; the fourth: beta=-0.065, S.E.=0.026; P=0.016). The multiple regression models showed that CRP was the only significant predictor of artery diameter changes (%) in these two scans. The CRP abnormal group had more coronary artery calcification (calcium scores >5, 16.7 vs. 0%; P=0.036) and more cardiac diastolic dysfunction expressed as deceleration time >240 ms (16.7 vs. 0%; P=0.036).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated serum CRP levels are associated with endothelial dysfunction, coronary artery calcification and cardiac diastolic dysfunction in chronic cocaine users.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
authors.forename: Qingyi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Joao A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vlahov
authors.forename: David D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Celentano
authors.forename: Joseph B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Margolick
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004452:Echocardiography; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein