title: Effects of autologous serum on osteoblastic differentiation in human bone marrow cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Expanding cells ex vivo is an important step in tissue engineering and the culture medium is usually supplemented with bovine serum. When a patient receives bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) grown in a medium containing bovine serum, infection of bovine diseases and/or the patient's unfavorable immune reaction to bovine proteins are of concern. To overcome these problems, we examined whether a patient's autologous serum could support the growth and differentiation of his/her BMSCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bone marrow was collected from the iliac by aspiration and cultured in a medium supplemented with 10% autologous serum or 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS). Number and area of the colonies of fibroblast-like cells (colony-forming unit fibroblast, CFU-f) were measured 8 days after the cell inoculation (day 8). Number and area of the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) positive colonies were measured on day 10. On day 40, the cultures were stained with alizarin red S. RNA was prepared from the culture on day 20, and the mRNA expression of osteoblastic genes was examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BMSCs, which were cultured in the medium supplemented with autologous serum, produced CFU-f, ALP-positive area and mineralized nodules, which is comparable to the BMSCs in the culture supplemented with FBS. The mRNA expressions of osteopontin, parathyroid hormone receptor, osteocalcin, and bone sialoprotein were detected in the culture supplemented with autologous serum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A patient's autologous serum could expand BMSCs without losing their potentiality for osteoblastic differentiation. Patients' autologous serum could be efficient to expand BMSCs and to be utilized safely for bone regeneration therapy.
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial Surgery, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. n-yamamoto.mfs@tmd.ac.jp
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Masatsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: Akihide
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Negishi
authors.forename: Hidemi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshimasu
authors.forename: Hitoyata
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohya
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amagasa
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasugai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001769:Blood; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D002417:Cattle; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D008297:Male; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000637:transplantation*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053495:Osteopontin; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: C546871:IBSP protein, human; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; C506895:SPP1 protein, human; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase