title: A small prospective study of chordomas treated with radiotherapy and razoxane.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the local effect of conventional photon irradiation in chordomas if the radiosensitizing agent razoxane is added. The rationale for this procedure were improved results previously seen in soft tissue and chondrosarcomas with this combination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1988 and 1996, five patients with histologically confirmed chordomas of the skull base or the spine (three females, two males) were irradiated with 6- and 25-MeV photons under razoxane medication, one patient was treated with a telecobalt unit. Single doses of 180-200 cGy were given five times a week. The median total tumor dose was 63 Gy (range 54-67 Gy). Concomitantly, the radiosensitizer razoxane was administered at a dose of 125 mg twice daily p.o., median total dose 7.6 g. The drug was started 3-5 days before the first irradiation, and continued until the end of radiotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a potential median follow-up time of 10 years, three of the five patients are alive and show neither symptoms nor signs of recurrence in CT or MR images. One patient with persistent sacral chordoma died after 8 years from cardiac insufficiency, and another patient died after 6.5 years from a bleeding complication following surgery for recurrence. The patients remained locally controlled for 5, 5.5+, 6.4, 11+, and 13+ years, respectively. Objective tumor regressions were noted in three of four patients with measurable disease. Acute side effects included mucosal reactions, two of five patients developed a leukopenia WHO grade 3 due to razoxane. Serious long-term complications were not observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the patient series is small, there is an interesting trend in local control and survival. The cases are unselected, and the follow-up time is of considerable duration. The treatment can easily be performed at any institution and is tolerated fairly well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiooncology, General Hospital, Feldkirch, Austria. walter.rhomberg@lkhf.at
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rhomberg
authors.forename: Franz-Karl
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Böhler
authors.forename: Hansjörg
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dertinger
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Breitfellner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002817:Chordoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D017785:Photons / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011867:Radioisotope Teletherapy; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D011929:Razoxane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012447:Sacrum; D019292:Skull Base Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D003037:Cobalt Radioisotopes; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D011929:Razoxane