title: Evaluation of electronic microarrays for genotyping factor V, factor II, and MTHFR.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genetic risk factors associated with venous thrombosis include mutations in the factor V (Leiden), factor II (prothrombin), and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) genes. We evaluated a method using electronically addressable microarrays for the detection of mutations in these genes that have been associated with vascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The NanoChip Molecular Biology Workstation (Nanogen) uses electronic microarrays for mutation detection. Factor V, factor II, and MTHFR genotypes identified in the NanoChip system on 225 samples were compared with genotypes from LightCycler assays (Roche). We determined within- and between-cartridge signal and ratio variation and analyzed the effect of additional mutations at or near the detection area used for the NanoChip assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotypes determined for all three mutations on the NanoChip platform were in complete concordance with LightCycler results. Within-cartridge signal variation as measured by the CV of fluorescence signals was <10% for each allele when present. The within-cartridge CV for heterozygous mutant/wild-type ratios was <8.5%, and between-cartridge CV was <18%. A dilution study showed that results could be obtained in this assay with 6 ng of nucleic acid per PCR, the lowest input tested. The presence of additional sequence variations near the expected mutations can produce equivocal or discrepant results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mutation detection using the NanoChip Molecular Biology Workstation was accurate and reproducible for the three assays evaluated.
authors.affiliation: ARUP Institute for Clinical and Experimental Pathology, 500 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA. eralimc@aruplab.com
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Erali
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wittwer
mesh_terms: D004581:Electronics; D005165:Factor V / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D009154:Mutation; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005165:Factor V; D011516:Prothrombin; D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2)