title: SOX9 exerts a bifunctional effect on type II collagen gene (COL2A1) expression in chondrocytes depending on the differentiation state.
abstract: As a key transcription factor in cartilage formation, SOX9 is a potent activator of type II collagen expression, a phenotypic marker of articular chondrocytes. This study was designed to determine the potential role of SOX9 on COL2A1 gene transcription during chondrocyte dedifferentiation, a characteristic feature of osteoarthritic cartilage that can be partially mimicked in vitro by subculturing primary chondrocytes. Constructs containing different regions from the promoter and the first intron of human COL2A1 gene were transfected in differentiated (primary) and dedifferentiated (passaged) rabbit articular chondrocytes (RAC), together with an expression vector containing or not the SOX9 cDNA. As expected, low levels of SOX9 overexpression were capable of enhancing COL2A1 gene transcription in both fully differentiated and slightly phenotypically altered chondrocytes, through the specific intronic enhancer. In contrast, when overexpressed at high levels, SOX9 induced an inhibition of COL2A1 gene expression, mediated by the -266 bp promoter region, whatever the differentiation state of chondrocytes. However, in the advanced stages of dedifferentiation, SOX9, independently of its expression level, depressed COL2A1 transcriptional activity through the -63 bp short promoter. Although SOX9 has a crucial role in chondrocyte differentiation, our findings indicate that this factor cannot restore the phenotype of osteoarthritic chondrocytes by itself.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie du Tissu Conjonctif, Faculté de Médecine, Caen Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Magdalini
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kypriotou
authors.forename: Magali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fossard-Demoor
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chadjichristos
authors.forename: Chafik
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ghayor
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: de Crombrugghe
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pujol
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galéra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011817:Rabbits; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: C499177:COL2A1 protein, human; D024043:Collagen Type II; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors