title: Prognostic significance of CYFRA 21-1 in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CYFRA 21-1 has been reported as a useful tumor marker for esophageal carcinoma, but little information was reported about the clinicopathologic importance of CYFRA 21-1. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinicopathologic and prognostic significance of preoperative CYFRA 21-1 in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  The CYFRA 21-1 levels were measured before surgery by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays in 157 patients with primary esophageal squamous cell carcinomas using 3.5 ng/mL as the upper limit of normal. All patients underwent radical surgical procedures without any preoperative therapy. The association between the clinicopathologic factors assessed and the CYFRA 21-1 level was determined. The CYFRA 21-1 values were monitored after surgery in 45 available patients. The prognostic values were determined by multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazards model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one of the 157 patients (19.7%) had high CYFRA 21-1 levels (> or =3.5 ng/mL). CYFRA 21-1 levels were significantly increased in patients with large tumors (> or =40 mm, p = 0.009), deep tumors (T2-T4, p = 0.003), and node-positive tumors (p = 0.003). CYFRA 21-1 levels significantly decreased after surgery (p < 0.001). A high CYFRA 21-1 level before surgery was an independent prognostic factor for survival (p = 0.043).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high CYFRA 21-1 level is associated with tumor progression and poor survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Academic Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuou-ku, Chiba, Japan 260-8677.
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nabeya
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okazumi
authors.forename: Hisahiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Yukimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyazawa
authors.forename: Tooru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiratori
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gunji
authors.forename: Takenori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochiai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053539:Keratin-19; D007633:Keratins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053539:Keratin-19; C102012:antigen CYFRA21.1; D007633:Keratins