title: [Transcranial magnetic stimulation].
abstract: Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) allows non-invasive study and modulation of cortical excitability in humans. Changes in cortical excitability in physiological and pathological conditions can be tracked by measurements such as motor threshold, motor evoked potentials, recruitment curves, intracortical facilitation and inhibition. The central motor conduction time can estimate neural transmission in central motor pathways. Changes in areas of representation in sensorimotor cortex can be studied with cortical mapping. Modulation of cortical processing can be used to evaluate different brain functions. Therapeutic use in depression, Parkinson's disease and epilepsy has raised great interest over the past decade. Non-invasive cortical mapping may be achieved by combining TMS to other neurophysiological/ neuroimaging techniques. TMS has great potential both as an investigational and as a therapeutical tool in Neurology and Psychiatry.
authors.affiliation: Divisão de Clínica Neurológica, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. abcong@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Adriana B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Conforto
authors.forename: Suely K N
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Marie
authors.forename: Leonardo G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Milberto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scaff
mesh_terms: D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D004576:Electromyography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D019054:Evoked Potentials, Motor / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D009431:Neural Conduction; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
vernacular_title: Estimulação magnética transcraniana.