title: Quantification of angiogenesis as a prognostic marker in human carcinomas: a critical evaluation of histopathological methods for estimation of vascular density.
abstract: Chalkley counts have been suggested as the primary method for immunohistochemical evaluation of angiogenesis, however, most studies have used microvessel density (MVD). We present paired Chalkley and MVD estimates in carcinomas of the prostate, breast, bladder and lung. The clinical data has previously been reported. In prostate carcinomas, high MVD indicated poor prognosis, whereas high Chalkley counts in breast carcinoma were associated with a poor prognosis. In bladder carcinoma, high estimates using both methods showed good prognosis and were associated with a high degree of inflammation. Neither of the counts revealed prognostic value in lung carcinomas, where the vascular pattern indicated that this cancer was non-angiogenic. We highlight methodological problems with both counting methods. Since angiogenic processes in lung and bladder cancers may be different from those occuring in prostate cancer, we suggest that future analyses also focus on measuring angiogenic factors to obtain more information on the biology of angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Danish Cancer Society, Department of Experimental Clinical Oncology, Aarhus University Hospital, Nørrebrogade 44, bld. 5, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. bvo@oncology.dk
authors.forename: B V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Offersen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borre
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Overgaard
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor