title: Relationship of clinical features and laboratory parameters to thyroid echogenicity measured by standardized grey scale ultrasonography in patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hashimoto's thyroiditis is associated with a diffuse reduction in thyroid echo levels. The purpose of this study was to determine the degree of hypoechogenicity in correlation to clinical features and laboratory parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  52 patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis under substitutive therapy with levothyroxine (50-200  g daily) and 100 normal euthyroid volunteers (with no features of autoimmune disease who were not taking any thyroid medication) as controls were investigated. Determination of plasma free thyroxine (FT4) and TSH as well as peroxidase- (TPO), thyroglobulin- and TSH receptor (TSH-R) antibodies were performed. Thyroid volume was measured by conventional ultrasonography. Tissue echogenicity was characterized by standardized grey scale ultrasonography under defined operating conditions. Mean densities were given in a histogram range of grey scales between 0-63 GWE (= Grauwerteinheiten).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with Hashimoto's thyroiditis revealed significantly lower echo levels (19.6+/-2.6 GWE) than controls (25.6+/-2.0 GWE, p<0.001). High graded hypoechogenicity was associated with large goiters, persistently increased TSH levels (subclinical hypothyroidism) and highly elevated TPO-antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Standardized grey scale ultrasonography allows for reproducable correlations between functional status and morphological characteristics of the thyroid gland in Hashimoto's thyroiditis. The results hint at a stronger inflammatory process in higher grades of hypoechogenicity.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik B, Westfälische-Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schiemann
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Avenhaus
authors.forename: Jan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Konturek
authors.forename: Reinhold
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gellner
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hengst
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000906:Antibodies / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013954:Thyroglobulin / Q000097:blood; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin; D013972:Thyrotropin; D013954:Thyroglobulin; D009195:Peroxidase; D013974:Thyroxine