title: Cytokines and BMP-4 promote hematopoietic differentiation of human embryonic stem cells.
abstract: Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) randomly differentiate into multiple cell types during embryoid body (EB) development. To date, characterization of specific factors capable of influencing hematopoietic cell fate from hESCs remains elusive. Here, we report that the treatment of hESCs during EB development with a combination of cytokines and bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4), a ventral mesoderm inducer, strongly promotes hematopoietic differentiation. Hematopoietic progenitors of multiple lineages were generated from EBs and were found to be restricted to the population of progeny expressing cell surface CD45. Addition of BMP-4 had no statistically significant effect on hematopoietic differentiation but enabled significant enhancement in progenitor self-renewal, independent of cytokine treatment. Hematopoietic commitment was characterized as the temporal emergence of single CD45+ cells first detectable after day 10 of culture and was accompanied by expression of hematopoietic transcription factors. Despite the removal of cytokines at day 10, hematopoietic differentiation of hESCs continued, suggesting that cytokines act on hematopoietic precursors as opposed to differentiated hematopoietic cells. Our study establishes the first evidence for the role of cytokines and BMP-4 in promoting hematopoietic differentiation of hESC lines and provides an unprecedented system to study early developmental events that govern the initiation of hematopoiesis in the human.
authors.affiliation: Robarts Research Institute, Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, 100 Perth Dr, London, ON N6A 5K8, Canada.
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chadwick
authors.forename: Lisheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Menendez
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murdoch
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rouleau
authors.forename: Mickie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bhatia
mesh_terms: D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology*; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells; D006801:Humans; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: C525809:BMP4 protein, human; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D014157:Transcription Factors; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens