title: Immunohistochemical detection of an AGE, a ligand for macrophage receptor, in peritoneum of CAPD patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients on long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD), ultrafiltration (UF) capacity of peritoneal membrane may be impaired due to accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). This study aimed to elucidate the characteristics of a novel anti-AGE antibody, ODI-GLC19, and to demonstrate AGE accumulation in the peritoneum of CAPD patients using the antibody.
  
  
  METHODS
  A monoclonal anti-AGE antibody (ODI-GLC19) was prepared by immunizing female balb/c mice using D-glucose-modified keyhole limpet hemocyanin. The characteristics of ODI-GLC19 were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and receptor binding inhibition assay. Immunohistochemistry using ODI-GLC19 was performed to detect AGE in peritoneal tissues obtained from patients with nonrenal disease, and CAPD patients with normal and low UF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ODI-GLC19 reacted with glycolaldehyde-modified BSA (GA-BSA) and glucose-modified BSA (GLC-BSA), but not with imidazolone or N epsilon-(carboxymethyl)lysine. GA-BSA and GLC-BSA strongly bound to cultured macrophages. Time-dependent recognition of newly formed GA-BSA by ODI-GLC19 was similar to that by macrophages. The binding of GA-BSA to macrophages was inhibited by ODI-GLC19 in a dose-dependent manner. Immunohistochemical studies revealed that ODI-GLC19-positive AGE was exclusively detected in peritoneal cells including macrophages, and its staining intensity was more prominent in the peritoneum of CAPD patients, especially with low UF, than in patients with nonrenal disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A novel monoclonal anti-AGE antibody, ODI-GLC19, recognizes a ligand for an AGE receptor on macrophages. Incorporation of AGE into peritoneal cells including macrophages may be involved in progressive peritoneal dysfunction in CAPD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Sakurako
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tobita
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tachikawa
authors.forename: Suguru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akamatsu
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.forename: Misaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katsuragawa
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yasumura
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Yoshihei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirashawa
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niwa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006433:Hemocyanins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D008024:Ligands; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008024:Ligands; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D006433:Hemocyanins; C032808:keyhole-limpet hemocyanin