title: Dose-independent pharmacokinetics of a candidate for diabetic neuropathy, SR-4668, after intravenous and oral administration to rats: Intestinal first-pass effect.
abstract: Dose-independent pharmacokinetic parameters of SR-4668 were observed after intravenous (i.v.) administrations at doses of 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg and oral administrations at doses of 50, 100, and 150 mg/kg to rats. The hepatic, gastric, and intestinal first-pass effects of SR-4668 were also measured after i.v., intraportal (i.p.), intraduodenal (i.d.), and intragastric (i.g.) administrations at a dose of 50 mg/kg to rats. Although a considerable amount of orally administered SR-4668 was absorbed, the F was low--only 33%. This indicates considerable first-pass (gastric, intestinal, and/or hepatic) effects of SR-4668 in rats. After i.v. administrations, the total body clearances of SR-4668 were considerably slower than the reported cardiac output in rats, suggesting that the first-pass effects of SR-4668 in the lung and heart could be negligible, if any, in rats. The AUCs of SR-4668 were comparable between i.v. and i.p. administrations, suggesting that the hepatic first-pass effect of SR-4668 was not considerable in rats. The AUCs were also comparable between i.d. and i.g. administrations, suggesting that gastric first-pass effect was almost negligible in rats. However, the AUC after an i.d. administration was significantly smaller (approximately 55% decrease) than that after an i.p. administration, suggesting that the intestinal first-pass effect was approximately 55% of oral dose. The rests of the orally administered dose could be mainly due to degradation of SR-4668 in gastric juices; 77.3-95.6% of the spiked amount of SR-4668 were recovered after 4-h incubation in five human gastric juices. The above data suggested that the low F of SR-4668 could be mainly due to considerable intestinal first-pass effect in rats.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shinlim-Dong, Kwanak-Gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eun J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soo K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Hee J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yoon G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sun-O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Myung G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000188:drug therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004355:Drug Stability; D005750:Gastric Juice / Q000378:metabolism; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D006207:Half-Life; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018373:Peripheral Nervous System Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D018373:Peripheral Nervous System Agents; C480528:SR 4668; D013876:Thiophenes