title: [Non-invasive ventilation in immunosuppressed patients].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In immunosuppressed patients with acute respiratory insufficiency (ARI) mechanical ventilation is associated with a high mortality. Therefore, in this situation, avoidance of intubation could be an important objective. However, experience of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) in the immunosuppressed remains limited.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The first descriptive studies have shown that NIV could be an alternative to intubation, particularly in patients with malignant haematological disorders. In a prospective randomised controlled study Antonelli et al. showed that the use of NIV significantly improved the prognosis of patients with ARI following organ transplantation. We have carried out a prospective randomised controlled trial in 52 immunosuppressed patients to determine whether NIV improved the prognosis in patients admitted to intensive care with pulmonary infiltrates, fever and ARI. The use of NIV was associated with significant reductions in the intubation rate, serious complications and ICU and hospital mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further studies are needed in order to better define the patients susceptible to benefit from NIV, and to establish variables predictive of the success or the failure of the method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NIV leads to an improvement in the prognosis of some immunosuppressed patients admitted to intensive care.
authors.affiliation: Département de Réanimation Médicale, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hilbert
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gruson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Valentino
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gbikpi-Benissan
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cardinaud
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guenard
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood; D003422:Critical Care; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008875:Middle Aged; D010092:Oximetry; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D018579:Patient Selection; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen
vernacular_title: La ventilation non invasive chez le patient immunodéprimé