Pericardial involvement in end-stage renal disease.
Pericardial involvement in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is manifested most commonly as acute uremic or dialysis pericarditis and infrequently as chronic constrictive pericarditis. The causes of uremic and dialysis pericarditis remain uncertain. The clinical and laboratory manifestations of acute pericarditis, pericardial effusion, cardiac tamponade, and constrictive pericarditis in patients with chronic renal failure are similar to those observed in nonuremic patients with similar pericardial involvement, except that chest pain occurs less frequently in those with ESRD. Therapeutic interventions for acute uremic or dialysis pericarditis with or without pericardial effusion include intensive hemodialysis, pericardiocentesis (infrequently used), pericardiostomy with or without instillation of intrapericardial glucocorticoids, pericardial window, and pericardiectomy. Chronic constrictive pericarditis is treated with pericardiectomy.
Alpert
Martin A
MA
Department of Medicine, St John's Mercy Medical Center, St Louis, Missouri 63141, USA. alpema@stlo.smhs.com
Ravenscraft
Mark D
MD
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D010493:Pericarditis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D010496:Pericardium / Q000601:surgery; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014511:Uremia / Q000150:complications
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005938:Glucocorticoids