title: Residual soil nitrate after potato harvest.
abstract: Nitrogen loss by leaching is a major problem, particularly with crops requiring large amounts of N fertilizer. We evaluated the effect of N fertilization and irrigation on residual soil nitrate following potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) harvests in the upper St-John River valley of New Brunswick, Canada. Soil nitrate contents were measured to a 0.90-m depth in three treatments of N fertilization (0, 100, and 250 kg N ha(-1)) at two on-farm sites in 1995, and in four treatments of N fertilization (0, 50, 100, and 250 kg N ha(-1)) at four sites for each of two years (1996 and 1997) with and without supplemental irrigation. Residual soil NO3-N content increased from 33 kg NO3-N ha(-1) in the unfertilized check plots to 160 kg NO3-N ha(-1) when 250 kg N ha(-1) was applied. Across N treatments, residual soil NO3-N contents ranged from 30 to 105 kg NO3-N ha(-1) with irrigation and from 30 to 202 kg NO3-N ha(-1) without irrigation. Residual soil NO3-N content within the surface 0.30 m was related (R2 = 0.94) to the NO3-N content to a 0.90-m depth. Estimates of residual soil NO3-N content at the economically optimum nitrogen fertilizer application (Nop) ranged from 46 to 99 kg NO3-N ha(-1) under irrigated conditions and from 62 to 260 kg NO3-N ha(-1) under nonirrigated conditions, and were lower than the soil NO3-N content measured with 250 kg N ha(-1). We conclude that residual soil NO3-N after harvest can be maintained at a reasonable level (<70 kg NO3-N ha(-1)) when N fertilization is based on the economically optimum N application.
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Soils and Crops Research and Development Centre, 2560 Hochelaga Boulevard, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada G1V 2J3. Belangergf@agr.gc.ca
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bélanger
authors.forename: Noura
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ziadi
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Richards
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Milburn
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005308:Fertilizers; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D011198:Solanum tuberosum
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D009566:Nitrates; D012989:Soil Pollutants