title: Epitope-specific humoral immunity to Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein.
abstract: Erythrocyte invasion by Plasmodium vivax is completely dependent on binding to the Duffy blood group antigen by the parasite Duffy binding protein (DBP). The receptor-binding domain of this protein lies within a cysteine-rich region referred to as region II (DBPII). To examine whether antibody responses to DBP correlate with age-acquired immunity to P. vivax, antibodies to recombinant DBP (rDBP) were measured in 551 individuals residing in a village endemic for P. vivax in Papua New Guinea, and linear epitopes mapped in the critical binding region of DBPII. Antibody levels to rDBP(II) increased with age. Four dominant linear epitopes were identified, and the number of linear epitopes recognized by semi-immune individuals increased with age, suggesting greater recognition with repeated infection. Some individuals had antibodies to rDBP(II) but not to the linear epitopes, indicating the presence of conformational epitopes. This occurred in younger individuals or subjects acutely infected for the first time with P. vivax, indicating that repeated infection is required for recognition of linear epitopes. All four dominant B-cell epitopes contained polymorphic residues, three of which showed variant-specific serologic responses in over 10% of subjects examined. In conclusion, these results demonstrate age-dependent and variant-specific antibody responses to DBPII and implicate this molecule in partial acquired immunity to P. vivax in populations in endemic areas.
authors.affiliation: Center for Global Health and Diseases, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4983, USA.
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xainli
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cole-Tobian
authors.forename: Moses
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baisor
authors.forename: Will
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kastens
authors.forename: Moses
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bockarie
authors.forename: Syed Shams
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Yazdani
authors.forename: Chetan E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Chitnis
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000276:immunology*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C066001:Duffy antigen binding protein, Plasmodium; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface