title: Cross-linking in the living cell locates the site of action of oxazolidinone antibiotics.
abstract: Oxazolidinone antibiotics, an important new class of synthetic antibacterials, inhibit protein synthesis by interfering with ribosomal function. The exact site and mechanism of oxazolidinone action has not been elucidated. Although genetic data pointed to the ribosomal peptidyltransferase as the primary site of drug action, some biochemical studies conducted in vitro suggested interaction with different regions of the ribosome. These inconsistent observations obtained in vivo and in vitro have complicated the understanding of oxazolidinone action. To localize the site of oxazolidinone action in the living cell, we have cross-linked a photoactive drug analog to its target in intact, actively growing Staphylococcus aureus. The oxazolidinone cross-linked specifically to 23 S rRNA, tRNA, and two polypeptides. The site of cross-linking to 23 S rRNA was mapped to the universally conserved A-2602. Polypeptides cross-linked were the ribosomal protein L27, whose N terminus may reach the peptidyltransferase center, and LepA, a protein homologous to translation factors. Only ribosome-associated LepA, but not free protein, was cross-linked, indicating that LepA was cross-linked by the ribosome-bound antibiotic. The evidence suggests that a specific oxazolidinone binding site is formed in the translating ribosome in the immediate vicinity of the peptidyltransferase center.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacia Corporation, 301 Henrietta Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49001, USA. jrcolca@pharmacia.com
authors.forename: Jerry R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Colca
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Waldon
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Thomasco
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Gadwood
authors.forename: Eric T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: Gregory S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Cavey
authors.forename: W Rodney
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Mathews
authors.forename: Lonnie D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Eric T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Cecil
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bock
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Mott
authors.forename: Dean L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Shinabarger
authors.forename: Liqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Mankin
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S / Q000378:metabolism; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000378:metabolism; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D010455:Peptides; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D012338:RNA, Ribosomal, 23S; D014157:Transcription Factors; D012313:RNA; D012343:RNA, Transfer