title: The association between body height and coronary heart disease among Finnish twins and singletons.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  An inverse association between body height and the incidence of coronary heart disease (CHD) has been observed. However, the mechanisms behind this association are still largely unknown. We will examine the role of genetic and familial factors behind the association in a large twin data set.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data were derived from the Finnish Twin cohort including 2438 singletons, 4073 monozygotic (MZ) twins, and 9202 dizygotic (DZ) twins aged 25-69 years at baseline in 1976. Incident CHD cases were derived from hospital discharge data and cause of death data between 1977 and 1995. Cox regression analysis and conditional logistic regression analysis were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In population-level analyses no differences in the general risk of CHD between zygosity groups were found. The association between body height and CHD was similar between sexes and zygosity groups. When men and women in all zygosity groups were studied together an increased risk of CHD was found only among the shortest quartile (hazard ratio [HR] = 1.34, 95% CI: 1.14-1.57). Among the twin pairs discordant for CHD a suggestive increased risk for the shorter twin was seen among DZ twins (odds ratio [OR] = 1.19, 95% CI: 0.95-1.48) when men and women were studied together.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An inverse association between body height and CHD was broadly similar between sexes and twin zygosity groups and was associated with short stature. Among discordant twin pairs we found a weak association among DZ twins but not MZ twins. This may suggest the role of genetic liability behind the association between body height and CHD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, USA. silventoinen@epi.umn.edu
authors.forename: Karri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Silventoinen
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaprio
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koskenvuo
authors.forename: Eero
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lahelma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001827:Body Height / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012306:Risk; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic; D014430:Twins, Monozygotic