title: Clinical outcomes of patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis in NUH.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the clinical outcomes of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients with biopsy-proven lupus nephritis with regards to the histological features and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (1) with SLE, (2) had renal biopsy in NUH for lupus nephritis, and (3) on follow-up from the period of January 1998 to April 2001, were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty patients were reviewed with female to male ratio of 4:1. Mean age was 35.4 years. Sixty-eight percent had renal involvement at diagnosis of SLE. At least 50% had other major organ systems involvement. Forty-two patients had WHO Class IV lupus nephritis. Biopsy showed crescents in 17 patients, microangiopathy in 19, and vasculitis in two patients. All patients received prednisolone. Forty-one had IV cyclophosphamide, two had oral cyclophosphamide and seven had cyclosporin A. Azathioprine was used in 41 patients, pulse methylprednisolone in eight, IVIG in four, plasma exchange in three and mycophenolate in two patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-four percent were in complete remission, 26% in partial remission, 34% had relapsed nephritis, 4% had chronic renal failure and 12% progressed to ESRD. There were five deaths.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal involvement in SLE occurs early in the disease and is associated with other organ systems involvement. Only 44% were in complete remission. Thirty-four percent had relapsed. Renal survival was 88% in this cohort.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, National University Hospital, Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074. ganhwachau@yahoo.com
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hyoon
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Fong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D008181:Lupus Nephritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents