title: Analysis of the phenotypes of Jurkat clones with different TRAIL-sensitivities.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been shown to exert potent cytotoxic activity against many tumor cells but not normal cells. However, some tumor cells are resistant to TRAIL, and it has not been determined how this occurs. In the present study, we obtained three subgroups of Jurkat clones with TRAIL-sensitive, -partial resistant and -resistant phenotypes. We found that most TRAIL-resistant and -partial resistant clones expressed low levels of DR5, whereas most TRAIL-sensitive clones expressed high levels of Death Receptor (DR5). However, there were clones with a range of different TRAIL-sensitivities that had similar levels of DR5 expression. The expression levels of DR4 and the decoy receptors, DcR1 and DcR2, did not correlate with TRAIL sensitivities. We also compared the subgroups in terms of the expression of Fas-associated death domain protein (FADD), the levels of activation of Receptor Interacting Protein (RIP) and caspases, and cleavage of Poly (ADP-Ribose)Polymerase (PARP). Basal expression levels of FADD were not significantly different among the subgroups. After treatment with TRAIL, both TRAIL-sensitive and partial resistant clones showed high levels of activation of caspase-3, caspase-8, RIP and PARP. Relative basal level and induced level of Phosphoprotein over Expressed in Diabetes/Phosphoprotein Enriched in Astrocytes (PED/PEA-15) after TRAIL treatment were compared in the clones. Basal levels of PED/PEA-15 expression were similar among sensitive, partial resistant and resistant clones. TRAIL did not change the PED/PEA-15 level in the clones. In addition, transduction and expression of the dominant negative form of the I-kBalpha gene did not change TRAIL-sensitivities. Our results showed that the expression levels of DR5, the activation levels of caspase-8, -3 and RIP were critical factors in determining TRAIL-sensitivities in Jurkat cells. The results of our study also suggest that cells with different TRAIL-sensitivities arise through multiple mechanisms even within a single cell line.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology, Institute for Medical Science, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon 442-721, South Korea. jangyj@madang.ajou.ac.kr
authors.forename: Young-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Kill Soon
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hee-Yong
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Hyung-Il
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D007700:Kinetics; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D004396:Coloring Agents; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011506:Proteins; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505639:TNFRSF10B protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C084083:Fad7 protein, Arabidopsis; C506249:RIPK1 protein, human; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases; C022616:thiazolyl blue