title: Peripheral MR angiography: separation of arteries from veins with flow-spoiled gradient pulses in electrocardiography-triggered three-dimensional half-Fourier fast spin-echo imaging.
abstract: The authors evaluated a nonenhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiographic technique that allows separation of arteries from veins. In 15 healthy subjects, peripheral MR angiography was performed with readout flow-spoiled gradient pulses in electrocardiography-triggered three-dimensional half-Fourier fast spin-echo MR imaging. Appropriate flow-spoiled gradient pulses were measured and applied in the three-dimensional acquisition to differentiate arteries and veins in the peripheral vasculature. Subtraction of the diastolic bright-blood arteries from the systolic black-blood arteries allowed visualization of the arteries by cancelling the veins, which are constantly depicted as bright blood throughout the cardiac cycle. Stronger flow-spoiled gradient pulses improved the depiction of slow-flow arteries even in the distal foot and hand vessels.
authors.affiliation: MR Imaging Department, Toshiba Medical Research and Development Center, 1385 Shimoishigami, Otawara-city, Tochigi 324-8550, Japan. miyazaki@mr.nasu.toshiba.co.jp
authors.forename: Mitsue
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugiura
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuwahara
authors.forename: Joji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Urata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001158:Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D014680:Veins / Q000033:anatomy & histology