title: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in patients with end-stage renal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) often show lipid abnormalities that may promote atherosclerosis. Although the standard lipid marker is low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in official recommendations, the need of fasting blood sampling has prevented routine screening for plasma lipids in hemodialysis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We therefore evaluated the power of non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) in predialysis (non-fasting) serum as a predictor of cardiovascular mortality in a cohort of 525 hemodialysis patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the mean follow-up of 64 months, 120 deaths, including 44 fatal cardiovascular events, occurred. Patients in the highest tertile of non-HDL-C (137 to 285 mg/dL) had a significantly higher risk for cardiovascular mortality (HR, 3.065; 95% CI, 1.357 to 6.925; P = 0.007) [correction] in a univariate Cox analysis. The association between non-HDL-C and cardiovascular mortality remained significant in multivariate Cox models, which included HDL-C, age, gender, duration of hemodialysis, blood pressure, presence of diabetes mellitus, serum albumin, C-reactive protein, and body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-HDL-C in predialysis serum was a significant and independent predictor of cardiovascular mortality in hemodialysis patients. Non-HDL-C may be a useful marker for risk assessment in routine practice, although predictive powers of this and the standard fasting LDL-C should be compared in future studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Molecular Medicine, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. yynisizawa@med.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shoji
authors.forename: Ryusuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kakiya
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ishimura
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakatani
authors.forename: Takami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inaba
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL / Q000097:blood*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL