title: A comparison of four intravenous sedation techniques and Bispectral Index monitoring in sinonasal surgery.
abstract: This study was performed to investigate the quality of different intravenous sedation techniques, and the correlation between the Bispectral Index (BIS) values and the Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation (OAA/S) scores. Eighty patients undergoing sinonasal surgery were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Group MF received midazolam and fentanyl, group PF received propofol and fentanyl, group MR received midazolam and remifentanil, and group PR received propofol and remifentanil. Heart rate and mean arterial pressure values were not different among the groups. SpO2 decreased only after intravenous medication in groups MF and MR (P < 0.017). Emesis was less common with propofol. A positive relationship existed between the BIS values and OAA/S scores during the operation in all groups and the strongest correlation was observed in group PR (r = 0.565 and P < 0.001). In conclusion, these four intravenous sedation techniques did not change mean arterial pressure, heart rate or SpO2 clinically and produced a similar level of light sedation. The BIS was useful for monitoring of sedation during sinonasal surgery under local anaesthesia with intravenous sedation.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, General Surgery, and Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Kirikkale University, School of Medicine, Kirikkale, Turkey.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Buyukkocak
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Daphan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Apan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000601:surgery*; D010880:Piperidines; D015742:Propofol; D000077208:Remifentanil
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D010880:Piperidines; D000077208:Remifentanil; D008874:Midazolam; D005283:Fentanyl; D015742:Propofol