title: Diagnosis of recent and relapsed cases of human brucellosis by PCR assay.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brucellosis affects human populations in many developing countries including the Middle East, and Latin America where it is still endemic. It has been prevalent in Jordan for years, where 7842 cases of human brucellosis were registered at the Ministry of Health during 10 year-period. This study was initiated by the recent increase in the number of human cases diagnosed in a rural area in the Northern Jordan to help assess the status of the disease in that area. For this purpose blood specimens from brucellosis suspected cases were tested by serology, culture and PCR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral blood specimens from 50 healthy control subjects and 165 seropositive patients having compatible signs and symptoms that were clinically diagnosed to have brucellosis were tested by blood culture, and by PCR. The PCR assay used genus-specific primers from the conserved region of the 16S rRNA sequence, which showed high specificity for the Brucella spp.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnosis of Brucella was established by PCR in 120 cases (72.7%). All of them were seropositive and 20 were positive by culture. Forty-eight of 58 (82.8%) of the relapsed cases two months after completing the treatment with an increase in the previous serological titers were positive by PCR. The assay has 85.7% positive predicative value, 100% sensitivity and specificity since it correctly identified all cases that were positive by blood cultures, 95.8% by serology and none of the control group was positive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results showed that PCR assay can be applied with serology for the diagnosis of brucellosis suspected cases and relapses regardless of the duration or type of the disease without relying on the blood cultures, especially in chronic cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Jordan University of Science and Technology, PO Box 3030, Irbid 22110, Jordan. nimri@just.edu.jo
authors.forename: Laila F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Nimri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002002:Brucella / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002006:Brucellosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D012008:Recurrence; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012698:Serologic Tests
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S