title: Effects of acetyl-L-carnitine and myo-inositol on high-energy phosphate and membrane phospholipid metabolism in zebra fish: a 31P-NMR-spectroscopy study.
abstract: Acetyl-L-carnitine (ALCAR) and myo-inositol are reported to enhance motor activity in animal models; modulate membrane phospholipid metabolism (ALCAR and myo-inositol) and high-energy phosphate metabolism (ALCAR) back to normal; and be effective treatments of major depression in humans. Fish in general and zebra fish in particular present unique animal models for the in vivo study of high-energy phosphate and membrane phospholipid metabolism by noninvasive in vivo 31P NMR. This 31P NMR study of free-swimming zebra fish showed that both ALCAR and myo-inositol decreased levels of phosphodiesters and inorganic orthophosphate and increased levels of PCr in the fish. These findings demonstrate both ALCAR and myo-inositol modulate membrane phospholipid and high-energy phosphate metabolism in free-swimming zebra fish.
authors.affiliation: Neurophysics Laboratory, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Panchalingam
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: McClure
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gershon
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Pettegrew
mesh_terms: D000108:Acetylcarnitine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007294:Inositol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D010758:Phosphorus; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D008563:Membrane Lipids; D010755:Organophosphates; D010710:Phosphates; D010743:Phospholipids; D010725:Phosphocreatine; D010758:Phosphorus; D007294:Inositol; D000108:Acetylcarnitine