title: The study between the dynamics and the X-ray anatomy and regularizing effect of gallbladder on bile duct sphincter of the dog.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relationship between the radiological anatomy and the dynamics on bile duct sphincter in bile draining and regularizing effect of gallbladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen healthy dogs weighing 18 kg to 25 kg were divided randomly into control group and experimental group (cholecystectomy group). Cineradiography, manometry with perfusion, to effect of endogenous cholecystokinin and change of ultrastructure were employed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  According to finding of the choledochography and manometry, in control group the intraluminal basal pressure of cephalic cyclic smooth muscle of choledochal sphincter cCS was 9.0+/-2.0 mmHg and that of middle oblique smooth muscle of choledochal sphincter (mOS) was 16.8+/-0.5 mmHg, the intraluminal basal pressure of cCS segment was obviously lower than that of mOS (P<0.01) in the interval period of bile draining, but significative difference of intraluminal basal pressure of the mOS segment was not found between the interval period of bile draining (16.8+/-0.5 mmHg) and the bile flowing period (15.9+/-0.9 mmHg) (P>0.05). The motility of cCS was mainly characterized by rhythmically concentric contraction, just as motility of cCS bile juice was pumped into the mOS segment in control group. And motility of mOS segment showed mainly diastolic and systolic activity of autonomically longitudinal peristalsis. There was spasmodic state in cCS and mOS segment and reaction to endogenous cholecystokinin was debased after cholecystectomy. The change of ultrastructure of cCS portion showed mainly that the myofilaments of cell line in derangement and mitochondria is swelling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During fasting, the cCS portion has a function as similar cardiac "pump" and it is main primary power source in bile draining, and mOS segment serves mainly as secondary power in bile draining. The existence of the intact gallbladder is one of the important factors in guaranteeing the functional coordination between the cCS and mOS of bile duct sphincter. There is dysfunction in the cCS and mOS with cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department of Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China. tdradio1@fmmu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Jing-Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Yao-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-Min
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bao-Ying
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jia-Kuan
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Song
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001652:Bile Ducts / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D002765:Cholecystography / Q000662:veterinary; D004285:Dogs / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D008365:Manometry / Q000662:veterinary; D009068:Movement; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D009803:Sphincter of Oddi / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*