title: [Epidemiologic profile of Haemophilus influenzae infection in Tunisia].
abstract: Haemophilus influenzae, a commensal bacteria, is frequently incriminated in broncho--pulmonary surinfections and severe diseases as meningitis, pneumonia and septic arthritis, particularly in young children. A multicenter study was conducted to establish the epidemiological profile of Haemophilus influenzae diseases, to determine the rate of antibiotics resistance for guide therapeutic and preventive strategies. The identification was based on the requirements for X and V factors, and the serotype b determined by agglutination. The betalactamase production was done by nitrocefin test. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was determined on Muller Hinton chocolate agar with isovitalex. During the two year period, (January 1998 December 1999), 192 isolates of H. Influenzae were collected, 61% were recovered from invasive infections (44 meningitis, 8 bacteremia, 2 arthritis). The serotype b was identified in 55.7% of cases, 67.3% were invasive strains. 24.5% of isolates were producing betalactamase particularly invasive serotype b strains. All isolates of H. influenzae were susceptible to cefotaxim and to ofloxacin. Resistance rates to other antibiotics were: erythromycin 56.2%, tetracyclin 10.3%, rifampin 12%, chloramphénicol 1%, cotrimoxazole 16.5%, 11.5% amikacin and 20% gentamicin. The incidence of meningitis remained frequent in our country, involving the introduction of the vaccination in official calendar. Nevertheless, the surveillance of H. influenzae invasives infections and the serotyping of isolates were necessary to evaluate the impact of the immunization.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Recherche Résistance aux antibiotiques Faculté de Médecine 1006 de Tunis.
authors.forename: Lamia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thabet
authors.forename: Ilhem
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Boutiba
authors.forename: Aouatef
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kammoun
authors.forename: Lobna
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Khelif
authors.forename: Faouzia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mahjoubi
authors.forename: Hanene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Smaoui
authors.forename: Amel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kechrid
authors.forename: Saida
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ben Redjeb
authors.forename: Adnene
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hammami
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008583:Meningitis, Haemophilus / Q000453:epidemiology; D012621:Seasons; D014416:Tunisia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines
vernacular_title: Profil épidémiologique des infections à H. influenzae en Tunisie.