title: Potentiation of lipid peroxidation in B16F10 and B16F1 melanoma cells by caffeine, a methylxanthine derivative: relationship to intracellular glutathione.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caffeine has shown an inhibitory role in invasion and proliferation in melanoma pulmonary metastasis as well as in high-grade tissue sarcoma. However, little is known about its mechanism and possible role in metastatic cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  B16F10 and B16F1 cell lines of high and low metastatic potential were treated with caffeine at different time intervals with different doses. Reduced glutathione, glutathione S-transferase and lipid peroxides were estimated to evaluate the effect of caffeine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Caffeine treatment showed glutathione depletion and increased lipid peroxidation with higher glutathione S-transferase activity in both B16F10 and B16F1 cell lines. However the effect of caffeine was dependent on the time factor as well as on the dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Caffeine was an effective inhibitor of metastatic activity. Glutathione depletion in conjunction with increased lipid peroxidation was a potent indicator in the regulation of metastatic behavior of B16F10 and B16F1 melanoma cell lines.
authors.affiliation: Chemotherapy Division, Cancer Research Institute, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shukla
authors.forename: Rajiv P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Gude
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000187:drug effects*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D002110:Caffeine; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione