title: [Distribution of DRD4 and DAT1 alleles from dopaminergic system in a mixed Chilean population].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genes for dopamine receptor DRD4 and dopamine transporter DAT1 are highly polymorphic. Two alleles of these genes, namely the DRD4.7 and the DAT1*9 are frequently associated to the attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity. In Europe, the allele for DRD4 receptor with four repetitions (DRD4.4) has the highest frequency, with a median of 69%, followed by DRD4.7, with a frequency of 15%. South American indigenous populations have higher frequencies for DRD4.7 (61%) than for DRD4.4 (29%). The ten repetition allele for DAT1 transporter has a high frequency among Europeans (72%) and Amerindians (100%). The allele DAT1*9 is the second most frequent allele.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the frequency of DRD4 and DAT1 alleles in a Chilean population sample.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred serum samples were obtained from blood donors in two public hospitals in Santiago. Polymorphic regions for DRD4 and DAT1 were amplified by polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The allele DRD4.4 had a frequency of 59% and DRD4.7 a frequency of 27%. The allele DAT1*10 had a frequency of 74%, followed by DAT 1*9, with a frequency of 23%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In a Chilean population sample, the frequency of DRD4 and DAT1 alleles was very similar to that of European populations.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Genética Humana, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 70061, Santiago 7, Chile.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vieyra
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moraga
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Henríquez
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Aboitiz
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rothhammer
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000235:genetics*; D002677:Chile; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American / Q000235:genetics; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics*; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4
chemical_list: C493599:DRD4 protein, human; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; C493214:SLC6A3 protein, human; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4
vernacular_title: Distribución de alelos de los genes DRD4 y DAT1 del sistema dopaminérgico en la población mixta de Santiago de Chile.