title: Multimodality therapy including radiotherapy and chemotherapy improves event-free survival in stage C esthesioneuroblastoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the efficacy of multimodality therapy in patients with esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB).
  
  
  METHODS
  From 01/1979 through 08/2001, 47 patients with ENB (20 men, 27 women, age 5-81 years), were registered from 18 oncologic centers. There were 14 tumors stage B and 33 stage C according to the Kadish classification. Initial treatment included surgery alone in seven patients, radiotherapy (RT) with or without chemotherapy (CTX) in twelve, surgery plus postoperative RT in 15, and multimodality therapy (surgery plus pre- or postoperative CTX plus postoperative RT) in 13.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year overall survival (OS) for the whole group was 64 +/- 8% and the 5-year event-free survival (EFS) 50 +/- 8%. Patients with multimodality treatment had a significantly better 5-year EFS (74 +/- 13%) compared to the other patients (41 +/- 9%; p = 0.05), while the 5-year OS was not significantly different between the treatment groups (p = 0.39). For patients with Kadish stage C, multimodality therapy (n = 11) resulted in superior 5-year EFS (72 +/- 14% vs 17 +/- 9%; p = 0.01). These patients tended to have an improved OS (69 +/- 15% vs 47 +/- 12%; p = 0.19) compared to the other treatment groups. None of the patients with multimodality treatment had a metastatic relapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multimodality treatment (surgery plus pre- or postoperative CTX plus postoperative RT) appears to be highly efficient in preventing local and systemic relapse in patients with advanced ENB. Timing and optimal agents of CTX need to be further evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy, University of Cologne, Germany. Hans-Theodor.Eich@medizin.uni-koeln.de
authors.forename: Hans Theodor
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Eich
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hero
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Staar
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Micke
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seegenschmiedt
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mattke
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berthold
authors.forename: Rolf-Peter
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents