title: Oxidized LDL autoantibodies are related to apolipoprotein E phenotype, independently of postprandial change in plasma triglycerides and LDL size, among patients with angiographically verified coronary artery disease and healthy controls.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) autoantibodies (oxLDLab), apolipoprotein E (apoE) phenotype, postprandial triglyceride changes and LDL size are suggested to be risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). Our aim was to study the interaction between these new risk factors among patients with CAD and healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  oxLDLab from 31 men with angiographically verified CAD and 31 healthy men were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Isoelectric focusing and immunoblotting were used for apoE phenotyping. Triglyceride level was measured after 12 h of fasting and 3, 5 and 7 h after a high-fat meal. Nondenaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was used to separate LDL particles according to size.
  
  
  RESULTS
  oxLD- Lab levels increased according to apoE phenotype in the following order: E2 < E3 < E4 (p = 0.004, ANOVA). The postprandial response of triglycerides, the size of LDL particles and the concentration of LDL and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol did not differ between apoE phenotypes, and the use of these variables as covariates did not change the statistically significant difference in oxLDLab levels between apoE phenotypes (p = 0.01, ANCOVA). oxLDLab levels did not differ between the patient and control groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found an association between apoE allele epsilon2 and decreased levels of oxLDLab, which was independent of the postprandial response of triglycerides, the size of LDL particles and plasma LDL and HDL cholesterol levels. The mechanism by which apoE affects oxidation of LDL remains unknown.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Atherosclerosis Genetics, Centre for Laboratory Medicine, Tampere University Hospital, PO Box 2000, FIN-33521 Tampere, Finland. Saara.Metso@kotiposti.net
authors.forename: Saara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Metso
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nikkilä
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laippala
authors.forename: Olli
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jaakkola
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Solakivi
authors.forename: Terho
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lehtimäki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000378:metabolism*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D001323:Autoantibodies; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein