title: Regulation of elongating RNA polymerase II by forkhead transcription factors in yeast.
abstract: The elongation phase of transcription by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) is highly regulated and tightly linked to pre-messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) processing. Recent studies have implicated an early elongation checkpoint that facilitates the link to pre-mRNA processing. Here we show that the yeast forkhead transcription factors, Fkh1p and Fkh2p, associate with the coding regions of active genes and influence, in opposing ways, transcriptional elongation and termination. These events are coordinated with serine-5 and -2 phosphorylation of the heptad repeat of the carboxy-terminal domain (CTD) of RNAPII. Our results suggest that, in addition to their documented promoter function, Fkh1p and Fkh2p coordinate early transcription elongation and pre-mRNA processing. This may reflect a general feature of gene regulation in eukaryotes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
authors.forename: Antonin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morillon
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: Abul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azad
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Proudfoot
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mellor
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019926:Cyclin B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010768:Phosphoserine / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism*; D012322:RNA Precursors / Q000378:metabolism; D012331:RNA, Fungal / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014498:Uracil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C093749:CLB2 protein, S cerevisiae; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D019926:Cyclin B; C464906:Fkh1 protein, S cerevisiae; C464958:Fkh2 protein, S cerevisiae; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D012322:RNA Precursors; D012331:RNA, Fungal; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D010768:Phosphoserine; D014498:Uracil; D012319:RNA Polymerase II; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; C116022:carboxy-terminal domain phosphatase; C100248:azauracil