title: Highly conserved Drosophila ananassae timeless gene functions as a clock component in Drosophila melanogaster.
abstract: The behavior and physiology of Drosophila are subject to rhythms that are controlled by the circadian clock genes, period, timeless, clock and cycle, all of which are thought to participate in central pacemaker control. The molecular mechanism of rhythm in Drosophila has been studied in detail. However, rhythm and clock genes have mostly been analyzed in Drosophila melanogaster. To confirm whether the tim gene exists and works as a clock component in other Drosophila species, we cloned a tim homolog from Drosophila ananassae that shared 85.9% similarity with Drosophila melanogaster tim at the amino acid level. In addition, the PER interaction domains and NLS were highly conserved. Introduction of the D. ananassae tim homolog rescued the rhythm of the locomotor activity of about 44% of a population of D. melanogaster tim(01) flies. At the molecular level, hs-tim introduced not only TIM but PER oscillation in transgenic flies. These results indicate that the tim gene in D. ananassae functions as a component of the circadian clock in D. melanogaster.
authors.affiliation: Clock Cell Biology Group, Institute for Biological Resource and Functions, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, Central 6, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba 305-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Izumi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nishinokubi
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kako
authors.forename: Takaomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukamizu
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishida
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000235:genetics*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics; D017124:Conserved Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D017344:Genes, Insect / Q000235:genetics; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D008124:Locomotion / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C539040:PER protein, Drosophila; D056950:Period Circadian Proteins; C096445:tim protein, Drosophila; D004247:DNA