title: Differentiation of benign and malignant breast microcalcifications: mammography versus mammography-sonography combination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the diagnostic contribution of high-frequency sonography in the diagnosis of isolated clustered microcalcifications detected by mammography.
  
  
  METHODS
  238 women (aged 3198) with isolated clustered microcalcifications were examined by mammography and subsequently by high frequency sonography (13 MHz) at the site of microcalcification. 170 underwent surgery. 94 were affected by cancer and 76 by benign pathology. The other 68 were considered to have benign microcalcifications after three years follow-up. The ROC statistical technique was employed to compare the diagnostic role of mammography alone versus the combination of mammography and sonography. The area under the ROC curves was calculated by the Wilcoxon method, without any hypothesis on the distribution of the statistical data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The microcalcifications were neoplastic in 39.5% of cases. The difference between the areas under the mammography ROC curve (area = 0.807, standard error = 0.03) and the mammography-sonography ROC curve (area = 0.819, standard error = 0.028) was not statistically significant (p > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The higher sensitivity of mammography-sonography combination demonstrates that it may be useful to perform sonography following mammography when mammography yields a diagnosis of non malignant pathology.
authors.affiliation: Divisione di Diagnostica e Radiologia Interventistica, Dipartimento di Oncologia, Trapianti e Tecnologie Avanzate in Medicina, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Traino
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cilotti
authors.forename: Manuela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roncella
authors.forename: Giuditta
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Campori
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bartolozzi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary