title: Bmi-1 is required for maintenance of adult self-renewing haematopoietic stem cells.
abstract: A central issue in stem cell biology is to understand the mechanisms that regulate the self-renewal of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs), which are required for haematopoiesis to persist for the lifetime of the animal. We found that adult and fetal mouse and adult human HSCs express the proto-oncogene Bmi-1. The number of HSCs in the fetal liver of Bmi-1-/- mice was normal. In postnatal Bmi-1-/- mice, the number of HSCs was markedly reduced. Transplanted fetal liver and bone marrow cells obtained from Bmi-1-/- mice were able to contribute only transiently to haematopoiesis. There was no detectable self-renewal of adult HSCs, indicating a cell autonomous defect in Bmi-1-/- mice. A gene expression analysis revealed that the expression of stem cell associated genes, cell survival genes, transcription factors, and genes modulating proliferation including p16Ink4a and p19Arf was altered in bone marrow cells of the Bmi-1-/- mice. Expression of p16Ink4a and p19Arf in normal HSCs resulted in proliferative arrest and p53-dependent cell death, respectively. Our results indicate that Bmi-1 is essential for the generation of self-renewing adult HSCs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
authors.forename: In-kyung
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Dalong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiel
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pihalja
authors.forename: Irving L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Weissman
authors.forename: Sean J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002455:Cell Division; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C069077:BMI1 protein, human; C489421:Bmi1 protein, mouse; C417743:Cdkn2a protein, mouse; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D063150:Polycomb Repressive Complex 1