title: Role of manganese accumulation in increased brain glutamine of the cirrhotic rat.
abstract: Cirrhosis promotes increases of both manganese and glutamine in brain. Manganese is a modulator and glutamine is the product of glutamine synthetase. This work studies the relationship between manganese and glutamine synthetase in a model of cirrhosis in the rat. We administered manganese (1 g/L) in the drinking water of sham-operated and bile-duct obstructed rats. We evaluated the manganese and glutamine accumulation and the glutamine synthetase activity in frontal cortex, striatum, and pallidum after 2, 4, and 6 weeks of biliary obstruction or sham surgery. Cirrhotic rats receiving manganese increased their brain content of metal about 400%-600% after 4 weeks of treatment (P < .05) and also remarkably accumulated glutamine through time in the three regions studied (P < .05 at week 6). Interestingly, bile-duct obstructed rats treated with manganese showed no effect on glutamine synthetase activity. Results from this study suggest that manganese induces increases of brain glutamine independently of its synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Neuroquímica, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y, Neurocirugía "Manuel Velasco Suárez", Mexico.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Montes
authors.forename: Mireya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alcaraz-Zubeldia
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muriel
authors.forename: Camilo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rios
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008106:Liver Cirrhosis, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000378:metabolism*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005973:Glutamine; D008345:Manganese; D005974:Glutamate-Ammonia Ligase