title: Secondary hyperparathyroidism: a case report.
abstract: A thorough diagnostic examination is essential before providing endodontic treatment. The sequence of diagnostic procedures must begin with a well-organized review of the medical history. In the early screening process, a health history that reveals a systemic disorder must be investigated further because it may have a significant impact on the dental diagnosis and ultimate endodontic treatment. There are a number of systemic diseases that can cause bone lesions throughout the body. Chronic renal failure is one disorder that may stimulate a secondary hyperparathyroidism that can cause a variety of bone lesions. In some instances these lesions appear in the periapical region of teeth and can lead to a misdiagnosis of a lesion of endodontic origin. The following case report of a patient referred for endodontic treatment demonstrates the importance of understanding the effects of end-stage renal disease on the dental structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta 30912-1244, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Loushine
authors.forename: R Norman
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Weller
authors.forename: W Frank
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Kimbrough
authors.forename: Frederick R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Liewehr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006962:Hyperparathyroidism, Secondary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D010485:Periapical Periodontitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011859:Radiography