title: Physiological and foliar injury responses of Prunus serotina, Fraxinus americana, and Acer rubrum seedlings to varying soil moisture and ozone.
abstract: Sixteen black cherry (Prunus serotina, Ehrh.), 10 white ash (Fraxinus americana, L.) and 10 red maple (Acer rubrum, L.) 1-year old seedlings were planted per plot in 1997 on a former nursery bed within 12 open-top chambers and six open plots. Seedlings were exposed to three different ozone scenarios (ambient air: 100% O3; non-filtered air: 98% ambient O3; charcoal-filtered air: 50% ambient O3) within each of two different water regimes (nine plots irrigated, nine plots non-irrigated) during three growing seasons. During the 1998 and 1999 growing season, leaf gas exchange, plant water relations, and foliar injury were measured. Climatic data,ambient- and chamber-ozone-concentrations were monitored. We found that seedlings grown under irrigated conditions had similar (in 1998) but significantly higher gas exchange rates (in 1999) than seedlings grown within non-irrigated plots among similar ozone exposures. Cherry and ash had similar ozone uptake but cherry developed more ozone-induced injury (< 34% affected leaf area, LAA) than ash (<5% LAA), while maple rarely showed foliar injury, indicating the species differed in ozone sensitivity. Significantly more severe injury on seedlings grown under irrigated conditions than seedlings grown under non-irrigated conditions demonstrated that soil moisture altered seedling responses to ambient ozone exposures.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Ecology Program, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schaub
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Skelly
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Pennypacker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ferdinand
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Savage
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Stevenson
mesh_terms: D031002:Acer / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031661:Fraxinus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010126:Ozone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D027861:Prunus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D012987:Soil; D014197:Trees / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D012987:Soil; D014867:Water; D010126:Ozone