title: The use of small titanium screws for orthodontic anchorage.
abstract: The use of conventional dental implants for orthodontic anchorage is limited by their large size. The purpose of this study was to quantify the histomorphometric properties of the bone-implant interface to analyze the use of small titanium screws as an orthodontic anchorage and to establish an adequate healing period. Overall, successful rigid osseous fixation was achieved by 97% of the 96 implants placed in 8 dogs and 100% of the elastomeric chain-loaded implants. All of the loaded implants remained integrated. Mandibular implants had significantly higher bone-implant contact than maxillary implants. Within each arch, the significant histomorphometric indices noted for the "three-week unloaded" healing group were: increased labeling incidence, higher woven-to-lamellar-bone ratio, and increased osseous contact. Analysis of these data indicates that small titanium screws were able to function as rigid osseous anchorage against orthodontic load for 3 months with a minimal (under 3 weeks) healing period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1, Shikata-cho, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deguchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takano-Yamamoto
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kanomi
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hartsfield
authors.forename: W E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Garetto
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001863:Bone Screws; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004285:Dogs; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D007568:Jaw; D008297:Male; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D016348:Osseointegration; D014025:Titanium; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium