title: Potential roles of galectins in myeloid differentiation into three different lineages.
abstract: Little is known about the roles of galectins, a family of beta-galactoside-binding lectins, in myeloid cell differentiation. In the present experiments, we used HL-60 cells as a model of myeloid cell differentiation. The HL-60 cells were differentiated into eosinophil-, monocyte-, and neutrophil-like cells by coculture with sodium butyrate under a mild alkaline condition, phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate, and dimethyl sulfoxide, respectively. Thus, the expression of galectins in HL-60 cells during differentiation into three different lineages was assessed. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction analyses revealed that undifferentiated HL-60 cells expressed galectin-1, -3, -8, -9, and -10 (identical to Charcot Leyden crystal) mRNAs, and galectin-2, -4, and -7 were negligible before and after the differentiations. We failed to detect evident changes in the mRNA levels of galectin-1 and -8 during the differentiations. However, during the eosinophilic differentiation, galectin-9 mRNA expression was gradually decreased, whereas galectin-10 mRNA expression was increased. During the course of monocytic differentiation, galectin-9 mRNA expression was down-regulated, whereas galectin-3 mRNA expression was up-regulated. Moreover, only galectin-10 mRNA expression was enhanced in the process of neutrophilic differentiation. These changes in galectin expressions were confirmed by Western blot and flow cytometry analyses. It is thus suggested that changes in the expressions of galectin-3, -9, and -10 are potentially important for myeloid cell differentiation into specific lineages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology and Immunopathology, Kagawa Medical University, Kita-Gun, Japan.
authors.forename: Mohammad J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Abedin
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kashio
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Mitsuomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirashima
mesh_terms: D002087:Butyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D019070:Cell Lineage; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000166:cytology; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D037161:Galectins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008245:Lysophospholipase; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D022423:Myeloid Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002087:Butyrates; D037502:Galectin 3; D037161:Galectins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C105032:LGALS9 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D008245:Lysophospholipase; C011711:lysolecithin acylhydrolase; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide