title: Psychogenic movement disorders.
abstract: Psychogenic movement disorders (PMD) are challenging to diagnose and to treat. Since the nineteenth century, PMDs were recognized and described in painstaking detail. In the modern neurology clinic, PMDs may comprise 2-25% of the patient population. Recognition of the various types of PMDs, differentiation from organic illness and an approach to PMDs are described in this article.
authors.affiliation: Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Centre, Toronto Western Hospital, Department of Medicine (Neurology), University of Toronto, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Janis M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Miyasaki
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sa
authors.forename: Nestor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Galvez-Jimenez
authors.forename: Anthony E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D020233:Gait Disorders, Neurologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D011602:Psychophysiologic Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D011613:Psychotherapy; D014202:Tremor / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy