title: FLIP is expressed in mouse testis and protects germ cells from apoptosis.
abstract: Apoptosis control in adult testis is crucial to achieve normal spermatogenesis. In this study c-FLIP, an apoptosis-modulating protein, was investigated. In Western blot and immunohistochemical analyses, the 55 KDa c-FLIP long isoform (c-FLIP(L)) was found to be expressed strongly in spermatocytes and spermatids, at low levels in spermatogonia and at almost undetectable levels in Sertoli cells. This expression pattern was confirmed by Northern blot analyses. Further experiments carried out on GC-1spg germ cell line revealed that reducing c-FLIP(L) expression increases Fas-dependent apoptosis. Conversely, restoring c-FLIP(L) expression reduces this response to control levels. Caspase-10 expression was found to match c-FLIP(L) expression pattern; further, caspase-10 activation upon anti-Fas treatment inversely correlated with c-FLIP(L) expression. Finally, TUNEL staining of seminiferous tubules incubated with anti-Fas antibody showed that apoptosis occurs mostly in basally located germ cells, indicating that such cells, expressing low levels of c-FLIP(L), are sensitive to Fas-mediated apoptosis. These data indicate for the first time that c-FLIP(L) might control germ cell apoptosis and caspase activity in the adult testis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Embryology, University of Rome 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy. claudia.giampietri@uniromal.it
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Giampietri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petrungaro
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coluccia
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Alessio
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Starace
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riccioli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Padula
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Srinivasula
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alnemri
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Palombi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Filippini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ziparo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Cesaris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005854:Germ Cells / Q000166:cytology; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D012671:Seminiferous Tubules; D012708:Sertoli Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D013087:Spermatids / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D013090:Spermatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D013093:Spermatogonia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D013737:Testis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C506387:Cflar protein, mouse; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D019014:fas Receptor; D020169:Caspases