title: Comparison of thermodilution bolus cardiac output and Doppler cardiac output in the early post-cardiopulmonary bypass period.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the accuracy of measuring cardiac output (CO) in the early post-cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) period by comparing thermodilution with Doppler methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective and blinded human trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty adult patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thermodilution CO (TCO) was obtained in triplicate. Doppler CO (DCO) in triplicate was obtained at the left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT), aortic valve (AV), and right ventricular outflow tract (RVOT). CO measurements were made (1). before CPB (baseline), (2). immediately after CPB, (3).15 minutes after CPB, and (4). 30 minutes after CPB. Before CPB, the DCO at LVOT, RVOT, and AV showed good correlations (r = 0.87, r = 0.88, and r = 0.84, respectively) with TCO. Bias analysis showed no significant difference among TCO and 3 DCOs (p > 0.05 each). Correlation between DCO and TCO decreased but remained significant after CPB (r between 0.57 and 0.85, p < 0.001). The bias among TCO and each of the DCOs at the LVOT, RVOT, and AV increased immediately after CPB (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.05, respectively) and remained significant at 15 minutes and 30 minutes post-CPB except for DCO at the AV. TCO exceeded DCO by 0.44 to 0.72 L/min immediately after CPB. The CO measured by both thermodilution and Doppler methods gradually decreased over time post-CPB. The decrease in CO was significant at 30 minutes post-CPB (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study adds further support that DCO is a clinically acceptable method to accurately assess the CO in patients even during periods of uneven regional body temperatures as may occur in the early post-CPB period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA. xiaoqinzhao@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Xiaoqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Mashikian
authors.forename: Pete
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Panzica
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lerner
authors.forename: Kyung W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Comunale
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D015982:Bias; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013815:Thermodilution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013997:Time Factors; D016276:Ventricular Function / Q000502:physiology