title: Combined physico-chemical and biological sensing in environmental monitoring.
abstract: Single-use conductivity and microbial sensors were used to investigate the effect of both species (chloride, nitrate, and sulphate) and concentration/osmolarity of anions on the metabolic activity of Escherichia coli. A new disposable, single-use conductivity sensor is described which is compatible with the CellSense mediated amperometric biosensor system. The effect of changing salinity and nitrate concentration on the response of E. coli to 3,5-dichlorophenol and mercuric chloride was determined. The implications for toxicity assessment of a hybrid sensing system, allowing the simultaneous monitoring of physico-chemical and biological data, are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Luton Institute for Research in the Applied and Natural Sciences, University of Luton, 2 Adelaide Street, LU1 5DU, Luton, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Dilleen
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rawson
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008627:Mercuric Chloride / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000032:analysis*; D018511:Systems Integration; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014159:Transducers
chemical_list: D002733:Chlorophenols; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008627:Mercuric Chloride; C116190:3,5-dichlorophenol