title: Profile of female patients undergoing coronary angiogram at a tertiary centre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study clinical profile, risk factors and pattern of coronary artery involvement in females.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female patients undergoing coronary angiography at Apollo Hospitals, Chennai during 1996-1998 for angina were analysed for risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 5997 angiograms, 660 (11%) were females of which 574 (88%) post-menopausal. 48% had atypical chest pain, 11% had unstable angina, 1% had acute myocardial infarction (MI). Past history of MI was present in 48%. Risks factors were hypertension in 60%, diabetes in 52%, obesity in 41%, dyslipidemia in 32%, family history in 36%. 71% patients used oral contraceptive. None of the patients were smoker, 34.8% pre-menopausal and 72.2% post-menopausal had coronary artery disease. Single vessel disease 33% vs 22.1% two vessel disease 43.3 vs 31.2%. Triple vessel 22.3 vs 46.6% and diffuse disease 10% vs 38.7% was seen in pre-menopausal vs post-menopausal females, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Family history was the predominant risk factor in pre-menopausal and diabetes mellitus and hypertension in post-menopausal females. Diffuse and triple vessel disease were significantly common in post-menopausal females.
authors.affiliation: Apollo Hospitals, Greams Road, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oomman
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sathyamurthy
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.forename: Sunitha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verghese
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Subramanyan
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kalarickal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Najeeb
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors