title: Angiotensin II enhances adenylyl cyclase signaling via Ca2+/calmodulin. Gq-Gs cross-talk regulates collagen production in cardiac fibroblasts.
abstract: Cardiac fibroblasts regulate formation of extracellular matrix in the heart, playing key roles in cardiac remodeling and hypertrophy. In this study, we sought to characterize cross-talk between Gq and Gs signaling pathways and its impact on modulating collagen synthesis by cardiac fibroblasts. Angiotensin II (ANG II) activates cell proliferation and collagen synthesis but also potentiates cyclic AMP (cAMP) production stimulated by beta-adrenergic receptors (beta-AR). The potentiation of beta-AR-stimulated cAMP production by ANG II is reduced by phospholipase C inhibition and enhanced by overexpression of Gq. Ionomycin and thapsigargin increased intracellular Ca2+ levels and potentiated isoproterenol- and forskolin-stimulated cAMP production, whereas chelation of Ca2+ with 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N', N'-tetraacetic acid/AM inhibited such potentiation. Inhibitors of tyrosine kinases, protein kinase C, or Gbetagamma did not alter this cross-talk. Immunoblot analyses showed prominent expression of adenylyl cyclase 3 (AC3), a Ca2+-activated isoform, along with AC2, AC4, AC5, AC6, and AC7. Of those isoforms, only AC3 and AC5/6 proteins were detected in caveolin-rich fractions. Overexpression of AC6 increased betaAR-stimulated cAMP accumulation but did not alter the size of the ANG II potentiation, suggesting that the cross-talk is AC isoform-specific. Isoproterenol-mediated inhibition of serum-stimulated collagen synthesis increased from 31 to 48% in the presence of ANG II, indicating that betaAR-regulated collagen synthesis increased in the presence of ANG II. These data indicate that ANG II potentiates cAMP formation via Ca2+-dependent activation of AC activity, which in turn attenuates collagen synthesis and demonstrates one functional consequence of cross-talk between Gq and Gs signaling pathways in cardiac fibroblasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla 92093-0636, USA.
authors.forename: Rennolds S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Ostrom
authors.forename: Jennifer E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Naugle
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hase
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gregorian
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Swaney
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Insel
authors.forename: Laurence L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Brunton
authors.forename: J Gary
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Meszaros
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000502:physiology*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology*; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000502:physiology*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology*; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D000804:Angiotensin II; D003094:Collagen; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; D007545:Isoproterenol; D002118:Calcium