title: Characterization of calmodulin binding to the orphan nuclear receptor Errgamma.
abstract: The estrogen receptor-related receptor gamma (ERRgamma/ ERR3/NR3B3), a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily, activates transcription in the absence of ligands. In order to identify ligand-independent mechanisms of activation, we tested whether calmodulin (CaM), a key regulator of numerous cellular processes and a predominant intracellular receptor for Ca2+-signals, interacts with ERRgamma. In vitro pull-down experiments with calmodulin-Sepharose demonstrated a Ca2+-dependent interaction with cellularly expressed ERRgamma. As shown by truncation analysis, the CaM binding site is highly unusual in that it is composed of two discontinuous elements. Moreover, by surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor technology, we detected a direct interaction of immobilized bacterially expressed ERR-gamma fusion protein with Ca2+-calmodulin. This is best described by a model which assumes a conformational change of the initially formed complex to a more stable form. Whereas in vitro DNA binding was calmodulin-independent, transient transfection analysis revealed a Ca2+-influx-dependent ERRgamma-mediated transcriptional activation of a luciferase reporter gene. Thus, we propose that CaM acts as a mediator in the Ca2+-dependent modulation of ERRgamma.
authors.affiliation: Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie Hamburg (ZMNH), Universität Hamburg, Martinistrasse 52, D-20246 Hamburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Moritz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hentschke
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Süsens
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Borgmeyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D002147:Calmodulin; C490917:ESRRG protein, human; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors