title: Oilcakes as protein sources in supplementary diets for the growth of Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.) fingerlings: laboratory and field studies.
abstract: Five isonitrogenous diets (1-5) with 40% protein using oilcakes as protein sources were formulated and fed to Cirrhinus mrigala fingerlings maintained both under laboratory and field conditions. Water soaking of oilcakes for 24 h before incorporation in the diets helped in the reduction of antinutrient factors (phytase and tannins). Live weight gain in fish fingerlings fed on a diet containing groundnut oilcake (GNOC) was significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced in comparison to the other dietary treatments when examined at the end of a feeding schedule. Laboratory studies have further revealed that APD, PER, GPR and GER values were significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced, while those of feed conversion ratio were significantly (P < 0.05) reduced in fish fed on diet 1 containing GNOC. An analysis of water samples collected at two hourly interval from the aquaria revealed low levels of total ammonia (N-NH4+) excretion and reactive phosphate (O-PO4) production in fish fed on diet 1. Proximate carcass composition also revealed high accumulation of protein, fat, energy and phosphorus in fingerlings fed on a diet containing GNOC. Even in field studies a significant (P < 0.05) increase in mean fish weight gain and specific growth rate (SGR% d(-1)) was observed in fingerlings fed on diet 1, followed by canola (2), sunflower (3), mustard oilcake (4) and sesame (5). Water and sediment quality characteristics also correlated well with fish growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology and Aquaculture, Laboratory of Aquaculture Management, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar 125004, India.
authors.forename: Kashmir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Garg
authors.forename: Alok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalla
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhatnagar
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture; D003530:Cyprinidae / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005223:Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000032:analysis; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005223:Fats; D010710:Phosphates; D010938:Plant Oils; D011506:Proteins; D000641:Ammonia