title: Repair of bone defects using synthetic mimetics of collagenous extracellular matrices.
abstract: We have engineered synthetic poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based hydrogels as cell-ingrowth matrices for in situ bone regeneration. These networks contain a combination of pendant oligopeptide ligands for cell adhesion (RGDSP) and substrates for matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) as linkers between PEG chains. Primary human fibroblasts were shown to migrate within these matrices by integrin- and MMP-dependent mechanisms. Gels used to deliver recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to the site of critical- sized defects in rat crania were completely infiltrated by cells and were remodeled into bony tissue within five weeks. Bone regeneration was dependent on the proteolytic sensitivity of the matrices and their architecture. The cell-mediated proteolytic invasiveness of the gels and entrapment of rhBMP-2 resulted in efficient and highly localized bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Engineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Matthias P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Lutolf
authors.forename: Franz E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Hugo G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Schmoekel
authors.forename: Jason C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Schense
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hubbell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D051381:Rats; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C525720:Bmp2 protein, rat; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D003094:Collagen