title: Enhanced blood compatibility of polymers grafted by sulfonated PEO via a negative cilia concept.
abstract: In our laboratory sulfonated PEO (PEO-SO(3)) was designed as a "negative cilia model" to investigate a synergistic effect of PEO and negatively charged SO(3) groups. PEO-SO(3) itself exhibited a heparin-like anticoagulant activity of 14% of free heparin. Polyurethane grafted with PEO-SO(3) (PU-PEO-SO(3)) increased the albumin adsorption to a great extent but suppressed other proteins, while PU-PEO decreased the adsorption of all the proteins. The platelet adhesion was decreased on PU-PEO but least on PU-PEO-SO(3) to demonstrate an additional effect of SO(3) groups. The enhanced blood compatibility of PU-PEO-SO(3) in the ex vivo rabbit and in vivo canine implanting tests was confirmed. Furthermore, PU-PEO-SO(3) exhibited an improved biostability and suppressed calcification in addition to the enhanced antithrombogenicity. The in vivo antithrombogenicity and biostability were improved in the order of PU<PU-PEO<PU-PEO-SO(3). The calcium amounts deposited was decreased in the order of PU>PU-PEO>PU-PEO-SO(3) in spite of the possible attraction between negative SO(3) groups and positive calcium ions. The bioprosthetic tissue (BT) was grafted with H(2)N-PEO-SO(3) via glutaraldehyde (GA) residues after conventional GA fixation. BT-PEO-SO(3) also displayed the decreased calcification by in vivo animal models. The application of PEO-SO(3) was extended by designing amphiphilic copolymers containing PEO-SO(3) moiety and hydrophobic long alkyl groups as anchors. The superior effect of PEO-SO(3) groups on thromboresistance compared to PEO was confirmed also in the case of copolymers coated or blended with other polymers and the systems coupled by UV irradiation, photoreaction or gold/sulfur or silane coupling technology, and therefore it might be very useful for the medical devices.
authors.affiliation: Biomaterials Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 130-650, Republic of Korea. yhakim@kist.re.kr
authors.forename: Young Ha
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Keun
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Ki Dong
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Soo Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000502:physiology*; D001790:Blood Physiological Phenomena; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006648:Histocompatibility; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000502:physiology; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D019737:Transplants
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001798:Blood Proteins; D011108:Polymers; D013451:Sulfonic Acids; C426021:amino-polyethyleneoxide-sulfonate; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols