title: Incidence of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-associated opportunistic diseases and the effect of treatment on a cohort of 1115 patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus, 1989-1997.
abstract: Temporal trends in the incidence of opportunistic diseases (ODs) related to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were studied during 1989-1997 in 1115 outpatients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (331 of whom had AIDS) in a hospital in Madrid, Spain. We analyzed the effect of adherence to antiretroviral therapy and Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) prophylaxis on the incidence of OD. Diseases that showed a significant decreasing trend were esophageal candidiasis, pulmonary and extrapulmonary tuberculosis, and cerebral toxoplasmosis. Patients who adhered to antiretroviral therapy had a smaller risk of OD. Patients who adhered to PCP prophylaxis had a reduced risk of cerebral toxoplasmosis and PCP. A reduction in the incidence of AIDS-related ODs was observed, mainly in patients who underwent prophylaxis. Adherence to antiretroviral treatment and PCP prophylaxis was associated with a reduction in the risk of disease.
authors.affiliation: Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Potes, Guadalajara 19003, Spain. maxjavibi2@saludalia.com
authors.forename: Francisco-Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: San-Andrés
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castilla
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pulido
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palao
authors.forename: Inmaculada
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: de Pedro
authors.forename: José-Ramón
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: del Palacio
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018890:Chemoprevention; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009017:Morbidity; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents