title: Immediate functional loading of Brånemark System implants with enhanced initial stability: a prospective 1- to 2-year clinical and radiographic study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The interest in the benefits of immediate loading of titanium implants has recently involved fixed prostheses for partially edentulous areas. The advantages of this approach well justify the need for extending the procedure to all regions of the mouth. Current available clinical literature on this subject is incomplete.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical outcome of the immediate loading of Brånemark System implants (Nobel Biocare AB, Gothenburg, Sweden) inserted with enhanced initial stability principally in posterior sites (78%).
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study was conducted in 26 consecutively treated patients. A total of 50 Brånemark System machined surface implants were placed supporting 30 fixed temporary partial dentures in light occlusion. All implants were followed up for a minimum of 1 year of function. Minimum requirements for immediate loading were proposed. Bone quality and quantity were classified according to Lekholm and Zarb's criteria. Stability of the marginal bone level, both mesial and distal, was measured on the basis of radiographic analysis. Implant survival rate was calculated according to Kaplan-Meier analysis. The peak insertion torque employed during fixture placement was between 40 and 72 Ncm, except in the case of one implant that was lost.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall survival rate was 98%. An unpaired t-test revealed bone remodeling conforming to biologic width establishment (p <.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limit of this study, immediate loading appears to be a viable procedure in posterior sites and for a growing number of clinical indications. Enhanced implant stability and light occlusion seem to be security factors. In spite of unfavorable conditions such as the presence of quality 4 bone and a lack of splinting, all implants with enhanced primary stability survived.
authors.affiliation: roberto.calandriello@libero.it
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Calandriello
authors.forename: Massimiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomatis
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rangert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003794:Dental Restoration, Temporary; D003825:Denture, Complete, Immediate; D003831:Denture, Partial, Immediate; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants