Advances in the pharmacologic treatment of bipolar depression.
The pharmacologic treatment of bipolar depression has not been well studied in randomized, controlled trials. Thus important clinical questions regarding the efficacy in bipolar depression of mood stabilizers, antidepressants, and new antiepileptic and atypical antipsychotic agents have been relatively unaddressed. Until recently there were few data regarding the degree to which mood stabilizers reduce the risk of switching associated with antidepressant treatment. Likewise, although treatment guidelines have often recommended limiting antidepressant exposure in the maintenance treatment of bipolar depression, the potential risks of depressive relapse after antidepressant discontinuation were largely unknown. We review here data from new randomized, controlled trials published or presented during the past 5 years regarding the efficacy of antidepressants, mood stabilizers, lamotrigine, and olanzapine in the acute and maintenance treatment of bipolar depression. We also review new studies clarifying the protective effect of coadministration of mood stabilizers from antidepressant-associated switching and the risk of depressive relapse when antidepressants are discontinued during maintenance treatment.
Keck
Paul E
PE
Division of Psychopharmacology Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0559, USA.
Nelson
Erik B
EB
McElroy
Susan L
SL
D000208:Acute Disease; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D055502:Secondary Prevention
D000928:Antidepressive Agents