title: Interleukin-10 induces the upregulation of the inhibitory receptor ILT4 in monocytes from HIV positive individuals.
abstract: A characteristic of human immunodeficiency virus infected individuals is an impairment of immune responses, which can result in opportunistic infections. Elevated levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), produced by virally infected monocytes, are found in the sera of HIV infected individuals. Such elevated levels have been associated with the impaired function of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, and antigen presenting cells (APC), such as monocytes. IL-10 has been reported to upregulate the cell surface expression of the inhibitory receptors ILT3 and ILT4 on monocytes and dendritic cells. This study demonstrates that the decreased antigen presenting ability of monocytes in HIV(+) individuals is in part due to the upregulation of ILT4 on the monocytes caused by the elevated serum IL-10 levels seen in these individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vlad
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piazza
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colovai
authors.forename: Raffaello
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cortesini
authors.forename: Fatima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Della Pietra
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suciu-Foca
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Manavalan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C491341:LILRB2 protein, human; C107907:LILRB4 protein, human; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D016753:Interleukin-10