title: Aspergillus niger citric acid accumulation: do we understand this well working black box?
abstract: This Mini-Review summarizes the current knowledge on the biochemical and physiological events leading to massive citric acid accumulation by Aspergillus niger under industrially comparable conditions, thereby particularly emphasizing the roles of glycolytic flux and its control, excretion of citric acid from the mitochondria and the cytosol, and the critical fermentation variables. The potential of novel techniques for metabolic analysis and genomic approaches in understanding this fermentation is also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Debrecen, P.O. Box 63, 4010, Debrecen, Hungary.
authors.forename: Levente
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Karaffa
authors.forename: Christian P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Kubicek
mesh_terms: D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002244:Carbon / Q000378:metabolism; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D005285:Fermentation; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019343:Citric Acid; D002244:Carbon