title: Advanced pancreatic ductal cancer: fibrotic focus and beta-catenin expression correlate with outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Many investigators have examined prognostic factors for advanced pancreatic ductal cancer, but it is still difficult to accurately predict the outcome of the disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine correlation between histopathologic factors and outcome of advanced ductal carcinoma of the pancreas.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 23 patients who underwent resection of pancreatic ductal cancer classified as stage III according to pTNM classification. Fibrotic focus (which is evidence of intratumoral fibroblast proliferation), tumor size and differentiation, invasion to the portal vein, and immunohistologic expression of E-cadherin and alpha-, beta- andbgr;- and gamma-catenins were evaluated. Correlation between histologic and immunohistologic data and correlation between these data and liver metastasis-free survival and overall survival were assessed by means of the Kaplan-Meier method, the log-rank test, and the Cox proportional hazards regression model (for multivariate analysis).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of fibrotic focus correlated with reduced membranous beta-catenin expression. The presence of fibrotic focus, reduced membranous beta-catenin expression, and reduced cytoplasmic alpha-catenin expression were significantly associated with shorter liver metastasis-free survival. The presence of fibrotic focus also significantly correlated with shorter survival and was the only factor significantly associated with survival in multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of fibrotic focus and reduced beta-catenin expression closely correlated with poor survival of patients with advanced ductal carcinoma of the pancreas.
authors.affiliation: Surgery Division, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasebe
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakagohri
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Taira
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015820:Cadherins / Q000032:analysis; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000032:analysis*; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051176:beta Catenin