title: Human uveal melanoma expresses NG2 immunoreactivity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  NG2 is the rat homologue of the human melanoma proteoglycan (HMP), also known as the high molecular weight melanoma associated antigen. Most cutaneous melanomas, as well as glioblastomas, chondrosarcomas, and some leukaemias express NG2 immunoreactivity, recognised using monoclonal antibody (mAb) 9.2.27. This antibody has also been used for molecular targeting in targeted alpha therapy for melanoma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the expression of NG2 immunoreactivity in human uveal melanoma and normal ocular tissue using mAb 9.2.27.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enucleated eyes from 26 patients with choroidal or ciliary body melanoma (n=26) were available as paraffin sections, and stained with haematoxylin and eosin to assess for tumour cell type and histopathology. Additional slides were investigated for NG2 immunoreactivity using mAb 9.2.27 and alkaline phosphatase anti-alkaline phosphatase (APAAP) immunostaining. Two independent observers graded immunostaining using a semiquantitative scale from 0 (negative) to 3 (strong).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunostaining for mAb 9.2.27 could not be graded in 7/26 cases with dense pigmentation of the tumour. For the remaining cases, grade 2 (moderate) or more immunostaining was seen in 18/19 tumours (95%). The retina, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), and choroid displayed weak immunostaining (grade 0.5-1.5) in the majority of melanoma affected eyes. Normal retina and choroid (n=5) appeared negative for mAb 9.2.27. Optic nerve axon bundles in both control and melanoma affected eyes displayed moderate immunostaining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, the majority of human uveal melanomas expressed NG2 immunoreactivity, as detected using mAb 9.2.27. This antibody may be a suitable candidate for radioimmunotherapy to target ocular melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Experimental Radiation Oncology, Cancer Care Centre, St George Hospital, Gray Street, Kogarah, NSW, Australia.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Madigan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Billson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Crouch
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D002829:Choroid / Q000276:immunology; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000276:immunology; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000276:immunology; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000032:analysis*; D012160:Retina / Q000276:immunology; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D000099216:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000941:Antigens; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D011509:Proteoglycans; D000099216:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycan 4