title: Adipocyte-derived hormone levels in HIV lipodystrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite evidence for the role of adipocyte-derived hormones in insulin resistance, little is known about their levels in human lipodystrophic states. We examined the relationships of plasma leptin and adiponectin levels to fat distribution and insulin sensitivity in the HIV lipodystrophy syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV primary care practices
  
  
  METHODS
  HIV-infected men with (n=13) and without (12) lipodystrophy and healthy uninfected controls (12).
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma adiponectin and leptin levels were measured in the fasting state. Body composition was assessed by physical examination, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and computed tomography. Insulin sensitivity (S(I)) was measured using the insulin-modified frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leptin levels were significantly higher in HIV-infected men with lipodystrophy as compared to HIV-infected controls (5.2 vs 3.0 ng/ml, P=0.01). Across the entire study population, leptin levels were positively correlated with measures of general adiposity. In the HIV-infected patients, leptin levels were negatively correlated with S(I) after adjustment for fat mass (r=-0.38, P=0.07). Adiponectin levels were significantly lower in HIV-infected men with lipodystrophy as compared to both HIV-infected and healthy controls (1.6 vs 3.4 microg/ml, P<0.05 and 1.6 vs 6.7 microg/ml, P<0.001, respectively). Adiponectin levels, after adjustment for fat mass, were correlated with measures of fat distribution. Finally, in the HIV-infected patients, adiponectin levels were significantly and positively correlated with S(I) after adjustment for fat mass (r=0.75, P < or = 0.001), and adiponectin level was also an independent determinant of S(I).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma leptin and adiponectin levels are altered in the HIV lipodystrophy syndrome. Adiponectin deficiency may play a role in the insulin resistance associated with HIV lipodystrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Col., USA. Lisa.Kosmiski@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kosmiski
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuritzkes
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lichtenstein
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eckel
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D039682:HIV-Associated Lipodystrophy Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin; D011506:Proteins