title: Localization of translational components at the ultramicroscopic level at postsynaptic sites of the rat brain.
abstract: We investigated the localization of components of translational machinery and their regulators in the postsynaptic region. We examined several components, especially those involved in translational regulation: components of (1) MAPK-Mnk-eIF4E, (2) PI3-kinase-PDK-Akt/PKB-FRAP/mTOR-PHAS/4EBP, (3) p70S6K-S6 ribosomal protein and (4) eEF2 kinase/CaMKIII-eEF2 pathways. Western blotting detected all the components examined in the synaptic fractions, and their differential localization to the synaptic subcompartments: initiation or elongation factors, except for eIF5, were detected predominantly in the dendritic lipid raft fraction, which contained ER marker proteins. In contrast, most of their regulatory kinases were distributed to both the postsynaptic density (PSD) and the dendritic lipid raft fractions, or enriched in the former fraction. Localization of eIF4E at synaptic sites was further examined immunohistochemically at the electron microscopic level. The eIF-4E-immunoreactivity was localized to the postsynaptic sites, especially to the microvesicle-like structures underneath the postsynaptic membrane in the spine, some of which were localized in close proximity to PSD. These results suggest that the postsynaptic local translational system, in at least four major regulatory pathways, is similar to those in the perinuclear one, and that it takes place, at least partly, immediately beneath the postsynaptic membrane. The results also suggest the presence of ER-associated type of translational machinery at the postsynaptic sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroplasticity, Research Center on Aging and Adaptation, Shinshu University, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto 390-8621, Japan.
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Asaki
authors.forename: Nobuteru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Usuda
authors.forename: Ayami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Kiyokazu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kametani
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003712:Dendrites / Q000378:metabolism; D004527:Egg Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D054736:Elongation Factor 2 Kinase; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron / Q000295:instrumentation; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010797:Phthalimides / Q000378:metabolism; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D038601:Ribosomal Protein S6 / Q000378:metabolism; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D000072216:Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004527:Egg Proteins; D054736:Elongation Factor 2 Kinase; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D010797:Phthalimides; D011166:Porphyrins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D038601:Ribosomal Protein S6; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000072216:Zona Pellucida Glycoproteins; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C414098:5,15-bis(N-(Kemp's triacid imido)-2-tolyl)-2,8,12,18-tetraethyl-3,7,13,17-tetramethylporphyrin; C065888:IFI44 protein, human; C106354:flotillins; C517689:EEF2K protein, human; C517691:Eef2k protein, rat; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat