title: Morphological assessment of the development of multinucleated giant cells in glioma by using mitosis-specific phosphorylated antibodies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The nature and origin of multinucleated giant cells in glioma have not been made clear. To investigate the phosphorylation of intermediate filaments, the authors studied multinucleated giant cells in vitro and in vivo by using mitosis-specific phosphorylated antibodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cultured human glioma cells were immunostained with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) 4A4, KT13, and TM71, which recognized the phosphorylation of vimentin at Ser55, glial fibrillary acidic protein at Serl3, and vimentin at Ser71, respectively. Subsequently, the nature of multinucleated giant cells was investigated using laser scanning confocal microscopy. In addition, paraffin-embedded tissue sections obtained in three patients with giant cell glioblastoma were also investigated. Multinucleated giant cells were immunoreacted with the mAb 4A4 and not with KT13 and TM71 in vitro and in vivo. In addition, the authors obtained these results in multinucleated giant cells under natural conditions, without drug treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings in this investigation indicated that multinucleated giant cells are those remaining in mitosis between metaphase and telophase, undergoing neither fusion nor degeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenkou
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Syuntarou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takasu
authors.forename: Tetsurou
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagasaka
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inagaki
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018773:Genes, erbB-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D008938:Mitosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D021141:Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010770:Phosphotransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D014746:Vimentin / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D014746:Vimentin; D010770:Phosphotransferases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human