Stenting of culprit lesions in unstable angina leads to a marked reduction in plaque burden: a major role of plaque embolization? A serial intravascular ultrasound study.
BACKGROUND
Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) studies have shown that a mechanism of plaque compression/embolization contributes toward the poststenting increase in lumen area. The aim of this IVUS study was to compare the mechanisms of lumen enlargement after coronary stenting in 54 consecutive patients with unstable angina (UA) (group 1) and 56 with stable angina (group 2) to verify whether plaque embolization plays a major role in the former.


RESULTS
Both groups underwent the IVUS assessment (speed, 0.5 mm/sec) before the intervention and after stent implantation. The lumen area, the external elastic membrane area, and the plaque+media area (PA) were measured at 0.5-mm intervals. PA reduction in the lesion site was significantly greater in group 1 (-2.50+/-1.97 versus -0.53+/-1.43 mm2, P<0.001). After stenting, 47% of the lumen area increase in group 1 was obtained by means of PA reduction, and 53% was attributable to external elastic membrane area increase; the corresponding figures in group 2 were 13% and 87% (P<0.05). Decrease in PA after stenting was the only significant predictor of the MB fraction of creatinine kinase (CK-MB) release in a multiple regression model (P=0.047).


CONCLUSIONS
Serial volumetric IVUS assessment revealed in UA lesions a marked poststenting reduction in plaque volume, which is significantly greater than in stable angina and is associated with postprocedural CK-MB release. The decrease in PA during the procedure predicts CK-MB release in a multiple regression model. These findings suggest that stent deployment is often associated with plaque embolization in patients with UA.
Prati
Francesco
F
San Giovanni Hospital and European Imaging Laboratory, Via Portuense, 700-00149, Rome, Italy. f.prati@libero.it
Pawlowski
Tomasz
T
Gil
Robert
R
Labellarte
Antonella
A
Gziut
Aneta
A
Caradonna
Eugenio
E
Manzoli
Alessandro
A
Pappalardo
Alessandro
A
Burzotta
Francesco
F
Boccanelli
Alessandro
A
D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000601:surgery; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000032:analysis; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D004617:Embolism / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014463:Ultrasonography
D007527:Isoenzymes; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form