title: Accumulation, assimilation and growth inhibition of copper on freshwater alga (Scenedesmus subspicatus 86.81 SAG) in the presence of EDTA and fulvic acid.
abstract: Accumulation and growth inhibition of Cu to fresh water alga (Scenedesmus subspicatus 86.81 SAG) and the influences of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and fulvic acid (FA) were examined. These results demonstrated that both EDTA and FA could reduce toxicity of Cu to alga by the way of preventing Cu from being adsorbed by cell wall of alga. When dissolved Cu (Cu(dissolved)), extracellular Cu (Cu(extracellular)), and intracellular Cu (Cu(intracellular)) were differentiated, our results showed that the concentration level of extracellular Cu ([Cu(extracellular)]) was a good indicator for measuring the toxic effects of Cu on alga growth in complex matrix. Either in the absence or in the presence of EDTA and FA, the concentration of intracellular Cu increased to 0.6-1.5 x 10(-8) microM per cell when the growth inhibition reached to about 50%. We found that the acute toxicity of copper on unicellular alga could be interpreted by its accumulation at a discrete site or biotic ligand at alga cell wall and critical accumulation of Cu associated with EC(50) was determined to be 1 x 10(-8) microM per cell. Therefore, the Biotic Ligand Model (BML) could be extended to predict the influence of copper on growth inhibition of alga.
authors.affiliation: SKLEAC, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, PO Box 2871, Beijing 100085, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Wangzhao
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Zijian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Geert J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Witkamp
mesh_terms: D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000737:chemistry*; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D005618:Fresh Water; D008024:Ligands; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D008024:Ligands; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003300:Copper; D004492:Edetic Acid; C005023:fulvic acid