title: Biomechanical model predicting electromyographic activity in three shoulder muscles from 3D kinematics and external forces during cleaning work.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The shoulder region is a common site of work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Biomechanical models may reveal the relative importance of force, joint-moments, and angular velocity for predicting muscle activity, thereby contributing to identify risk factors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to predict muscle activity patterns from joint kinetics during cleaning work and to identify the most important variables requesting muscle activity.Design. A comparative study of six cleaners performing five different floor cleaning tasks (combinations of tool and working method) in a laboratory setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Net forces and moments at the glenohumeral joint were estimated using a video-based 3D link segment model together with 3D force-transducers at each hand, separately. Angular velocities of the upper arm were calculated, and electromyographic activity was recorded bilaterally from the muscles trapezius, deltoideus, and infraspinatus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The biomechanical model revealed abduction moment in the glenohumeral joint to be the most important factor for development of muscle activity in m. deltoideus and m. infraspinatus, while for m. trapezius vertical force was most important.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Muscle specific determinants for shoulder muscle activity could be identified from glenohumeral joint kinetics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study documents that mechanical work requirements in terms of joint forces, moments of force and angular velocities can predict major fractions of muscle activity patterns in the upper extremities. The biomechanical model used for this prediction revealed different factors of importance for individual muscles. This knowledge is fundamental for work place interventions aiming at minimizing overloading of specific muscles to prevent or rehabilitate muscle disorders.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Public Health, Svanemøllevej 25, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Laursen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Søgaard
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sjøgaard
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006796:Household Work; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D016272:Occupational Health; D012782:Shoulder / Q000502:physiology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D019415:Torque