title: Effect of food on gastrointestinal transit of liquids in cynomolgus monkeys.
abstract: We investigated the gastrointestinal transit of liquids, as well as various gastric pH profiles, in fed cynomolgus monkeys. Twelve grams of a biscuit-type solid food were provided 1 h before the test. The acetaminophen method was used to determine the gastric half-emptying time (t(50%)), which provided an estimate of the gastric emptying rate. The gastric emptying rate of liquids was significantly reduced after food intake in monkeys. The mean t(50%) value was 143.5 min and comparable to that of humans after eating. However, there was a large variability in the t(50%) between individual animals as shown by the coefficient of variance of approximately 80%. Next, the median oro-caecal transit time in fed monkeys was determined to be 1.8 h, using the sulfasalazine-sulfapyridine method. There was no significant difference in oro-caecal transit time between unfed and fed monkeys; thus, food intake has no significant effect on the oro-caecal transit time of liquids in either monkeys or humans. However, the oro-caecal transit time in humans is about 2 h longer than that in monkeys. Our experiments using several different foods suggested that the typical human gastric pH profile could not be simulated in fed monkeys.
authors.affiliation: Novel Pharmaceutical Laboratories, Institute for Technology Development, Yamanouchi Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 180 Ozumi, Yaizu-shi, Shizuoka 425-0072, Japan. kondo@yamanouchi.co.jp
authors.forename: Hiromu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Shigeharu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokohama
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D005502:Food; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination; D005746:Gastric Emptying; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D013427:Sulfapyridine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012460:Sulfasalazine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000082:Acetaminophen; D012460:Sulfasalazine; D013427:Sulfapyridine