Kinetics of hematopoiesis in bone marrow cultures from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia: effect of recombinant cytokines in dexter-type long-term cultures.
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematological neoplasia that results from the transformation of a hematopoietic stem cell. It is characterized by the expansion of the myeloid lineage, which results in the accumulation of mature and immature granulocytes in peripheral blood and bone marrow. However, when CML marrow cells are cultured in Dexter-type long-term cultures (LTMC) hematopoiesis is defective and can be sustained for only a few weeks. One possible explanation for the deficient growth of hematopoietic cells in CML LTMC is that some factors that act as key regulators of hematopoiesis are absent in this experimental system. Thus, we tested this hypothesis by adding recombinant cytokines to these cultures. As a first approach, we added recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (rhGM-CSF), rhGranulocyte-CSF (rhG-CSF) and rhErythropoietin (rhEPO); each factor was added individually once a week. Addition of rhGM-CSF and rhG-CSF resulted in a significant increase in the levels of nucleated cells and myeloid progenitors; the highest effects were seen in the presence of rhGM-CSF. Interestingly, such a cytokine also induced a significant decrease in the levels of erythroid progenitors. Recombinant hEPO had no significant effects on nucleated cells or myeloid progenitors, however, it induced a significant, although transient, increase in the levels of erythroid cells. The above results indicate that the hematopoietic regulators used here (rhGM-CSF, rhG-CSF and rhEPO) are capable of stimulating the growth of hematopoietic cells in LTMC from CML patients. Thus, this study demonstrates that it is, indeed, possible to manipulate CML LTMC by the addition of recombinant cytokines; this observation may be of particular relevance, since this in vitro experimental system has already been used as a method for purging of leukemic cells in autologous transplant settings. By using specific recombinant hematopoietic modulators it might be possible to make LTMC a more efficient system for such a clinical purpose.
Oncological Research Unit, Oncology Hospital, Nationa Medical Center, IMSS, Mexico City, Mexico.
Fernando
F
Luna-Bautista
Elizabeth
E
Sánchez-Valle
Manuel
M
Ayala-Sánchez
Manuel
M
Morales-Polanco
Luis
L
Meillon-García
Luis
L
Benítez-Bribiesca
Hector
H
Mayani
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016465:Bone Marrow Purging; D019070:Cell Lineage; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay
D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor