Aspergillosis caused by non-fumigatus Aspergillus species: risk factors and in vitro susceptibility compared with Aspergillus fumigatus.
Invasive aspergillosis (IA) caused by inherently more antifungal-resistant non-fumigatus Aspergillus species has become an important life-threatening complication in severely immunocompromised patients with cancer. The purpose of this study was to compare the relative incidence of, risk factors for, and in vitro correlation of amphotericin B and itraconazole with the clinical outcome of IA caused by Aspergillus fumigatus with those of IA caused by non-fumigatus Aspergillus spp. in patients with cancer. A retrospective search of our tertiary care cancer center's microbiology laboratory reports from 1998-2001 revealed 40 patients with cancer and IA. A non-fumigatus Aspergillus species caused IA in 28 (70%) of those patients. A. fumigatus was the predominant cause of late-onset IA after bone marrow transplantation (p = 0.05), whereas IA due to non-fumigatus Aspergillus spp. was more common in patients with neutropenia (p = 0.01). The minimum inhibitory concentration (50/90) and minimum fungicidal concentration (50/90) for amphotericin B were higher in the non-fumigatus Aspergillus spp. group than in the A. fumigatus one. The Aspergillus species distribution in IA cases in our institution shows a predominance of the more antifungal-resistant or -tolerant non-fumigatus Aspergillus spp.
Torres
Harrys A
HA
Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
Rivero
Gustavo A
GA
Lewis
Russell E
RE
Hachem
Ray
R
Raad
Issam I
II
Kontoyiannis
Dimitrios P
DP
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016469:Fungemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000935:Antifungal Agents