Dendrotoxin poisoning in a neurobiochemist.
BACKGROUND
Dendrotoxin is a highly potent blocker of KV1.1, KV1.2, and KV1.6 potassium channels that is derived from the venom of the green mamba (Dendroaspis angusticeps). It is commonly used to inhibit the function of whole nerve preparations in vitro. Despite the widespread use and potency of this compound, neurotoxicity in humans has not been described from refined toxin. We report a case of dendrotoxin toxicity from dermal exposure.


METHODS
A healthy 40-year-old female neurobiochemist presented with complaints of progressive numbness of the left malar region and lateral orbit that progressed to include the medial orbit and tongue. One hour prior to presentation she used her bare hands to remove residual petroleum jelly from a dish that had previously contained 500 nanoliters of 500 nanomolar dendrotoxin. She recalled rubbing her left eye prior to the onset of symptoms. Before touching the dish, she had washed it with running water and then 70% ethanol while using latex gloves. Physical examination was remarkable only for weakness to superior gaze and some mild tongue fasciculations. Within 12 hours of exposure, she was completely asymptomatic.


CONCLUSIONS
Dendrotoxin is a highly potent neurotoxin that can cause localized impairment of nerve function after mucous membrane exposure.
Munday
Stephen W
SW
California Poison Control System, San Diego Division, San Diego, California, USA.
Williams
Saralyn R
SR
Clark
Richard F
RF
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*
D004546:Elapid Venoms; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; C020273:dendrotoxin