Therapeutic benefit of bisphosphonates in the management of prostate cancer-related bone disease.
A diversity of bone pathology is present in men with prostate cancer. Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) can cause significant and progressive osteopoenia and osteoporosis. Bone is also the primary site for metastases leading to associated pain, skeletal fractures and hypercalcaemia. Bisphosphonate therapy decreases bone resorption, which may prevent or reverse loss of bone mineral density. Both pamidronate and zoledronic acid have proven efficacy in preventing ADT-induced bone loss. In a randomised, placebo-controlled trial, in men with hormone-refractory prostate cancer, there was a decreased incidence of skeletal- related adverse events in men receiving zoledronic acid. So far, randomised trials have failed to show improved pain control. Formalised guidelines are needed to help clinicians decide which patients should be treated with bisphosphonates, when to initiate therapy and for what duration.
Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, USA. ndawson@umm.edu
Nancy A
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Dawson
D000728:Androgens / Q000172:deficiency; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
D000728:Androgens; D004164:Diphosphonates