Renal cell carcinoma in long-term survivors of advanced stage neuroblastoma in early childhood.
BACKGROUND
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is rare in children and comprises only 1-3% of all pediatric primary renal tumors. Recently, several case reports have described RCC developing in patients previously treated for advanced stage neuroblastoma (NB).


RESULTS
Our experience with four patients treated for advanced stage NB during early childhood who developed RCC later in life are added to 14 others in the literature.


CONCLUSIONS
These patients and our review of the literature suggest an association between RCC and NB that warrants further study.
The Children's Hospital, 1056 East 19th Avenue, Denver, CO 80218, USA. julie.fleitz@uchsc.edu
Julie M
JM
Fleitz
Sandra L
SL
Wootton-Gorges
Josephine
J
Wyatt-Ashmead
Loris
L
McGavran
Martin
M
Koyle
Daniel C
DC
West
Eric A
EA
Kurzrock
Kenneth W
KW
Martin
Lorrie F
LF
Odom
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed