Cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside protects myocardium and erythrocytes from oxygen radical-mediated damages.
The cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (C-3-G) antioxidant capacity towards reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated damages was assessed in tissue and cells submitted to increased oxidative stress. In the isolated ischemic and reperfused rat heart, 10 or 30 degreesM C-3-G protected from both lipid peroxidation (66.7 and 94% inhibition of malondialdehyde (MDA) generation in 10 and 30 microM C-3-G-reperfused hearts, respectively, in comparison with control reperfused hearts) and energy metabolism impairment (higher ATP concentration in 10 and 30 microM C-3-G-reperfused hearts than in control reperfused hearts). These effects were associated to C-3-G permeation within myocardial cells, as indicated by results obtained in the isolated rat heart perfused for 30 min in the recirculating Langendorff mode under normoxia with 10 and 30 microM C-3-G. Protective effects were exerted, in a dose-dependent manner, by C-3-G also in 2 mM hydrogen peroxide-treated human erythrocytes. With respect to MDA formation, an apparent IC50 of 5.12 microM was calculated for C-3-G (the polyphenol resveratrol used for comparison showed an apparent IC50 of 38.43 microM). The general indications are that C-3-G (largely diffused in dietary plants and fruits, such as pigmented oranges very common in the Mediterranean diet) represents a powerful natural antioxidant with beneficial effects in case of increased oxidative stress, and at pharmacological concentrations it is able to decrease tissue damages occurring in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.
Department of Chemical Sciences, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, Catania, Italy.
Angela Maria
AM
Amorini
Giuseppe
G
Lazzarino
Fabio
F
Galvano
Giovanna
G
Fazzina
Barbara
B
Tavazzi
Giacomo
G
Galvano
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D015427:Reperfusion Injury; D013997:Time Factors
D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D010100:Oxygen