In vitro evaluation of the mitogenic effect of platelet-derived growth factor-BB on human periodontal ligament cells cultured with various bone allografts.
BACKGROUND
Several studies have documented the role of growth factors in periodontal regeneration. It has been shown that platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is a potent stimulator of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells. A variety of bone graft materials are used to treat osseous defects caused by periodontal disease. We evaluated the mitogenic effect of PDGF on human PDL cells cultured with different allografts to determine which of the allografts with or without PDGF promoted periodontal regeneration.


METHODS
Two human demineralized freeze-dried allografts of cortical (DFDBA) and cancellous (DFBA) bone and a non-demineralized freeze-dried allograft (FBA) from cancellous bone were used alone or supplemented with PDGF-BB. Human PDL cultures were derived from the mid-root of 2 maxillary premolars extracted for orthodontic reasons. Cells were grown separately in 24-well dishes with or without 20 mg of each bone allograft. On day 2 of quiescence, new medium was added with 10 ng/ml of PDGF-BB. DNA synthesis was estimated by measuring [3H] thymidine incorporation to determine the effects of the test agents on cell proliferation. Cells were processed and subjected to scintillation counting after 48 hours of incubation. Counts per minute (cpm/well) were determined for each sample.


RESULTS
There was no statistically significant difference (P<0.05) on PDL cell proliferation when the allografts were used alone. PDL cells exhibited significantly greater proliferative responses to the 2 demineralized bone allografts, DFDBA and DFBA, when combined with PDGF-BB. A statistically significant difference on DNA synthesis was noticed when PDGF-BB was added to PDL cells cultured with FBA. PDL cells displayed no significant increase in mitogenic activity when cultured with PDGF-BB alone.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings of this study demonstrate the beneficial role of DFDBA, DFBA, and FBA as synergic agents with PDGF-BB to periodontal regeneration. The significant ability of the 2 decalcified bone allografts, DFDBA and DFBA, combined with PDGF to stimulate PDL cell proliferation might be a useful adjunct in the treatment of periodontal defects.
Papadopoulos
C E
CE
Department of Periodontology, University of Athens Dental School, Athens, Greece.
Dereka
X E
XE
Vavouraki
E N
EN
Vrotsos
I A
IA
D000328:Adult; D000077214:Becaplermin; D018775:Bone Demineralization Technique; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D005612:Freeze Drying; D006801:Humans; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
D008934:Mitogens; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D000077214:Becaplermin; D004247:DNA