Temperature-modulated diversity of TRPV4 channel gating: activation by physical stresses and phorbol ester derivatives through protein kinase C-dependent and -independent pathways.
The TRPV4 calcium-permeable channel was cloned from mouse kidney M-1 cells, and the effect of temperature modulation on channel gating/activation by physical and chemical signals was evaluated. A TRPV4 cDNA construct with a C-terminal V5 epitope was stably transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK) 293 and Chinese hamster ovary cells resulting in high levels of expression at the plasma membrane. Channel activation was assessed from changes in calcium influx (fura-2 fluorescence measurements) or whole cell currents (patch clamp analysis). At room temperature (22-24 degrees C), exposure of TRPV4-transfected cells to hypotonic medium (225 mOsm/liter) or a non-protein kinase C (PKC)-activating phorbol ester derivative, 4alpha-phorbol 12,13-decanoate (100 nm), induces modest channel activation, whereas phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (100 nm), a PKC-activating phorbol ester, and shear stress (3-20 dyne/cm2) had minimal or no effect on channel activation. In contrast, at elevated temperatures (37 degrees C) the channel was rapidly activated by all stimuli. Inhibition of PKC by calphostin C (50 nm) or staurosporine (500 nm) abolished phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate-induced activation of the channel without affecting the response to other stimuli. Ruthenium red (1 microm) effectively blocked the channel activity by all stimuli. It is concluded that temperature is a critical modulator of TRPV4 channel gating, leading to activation of the channel by a diverse range of microenvironmental chemical and physical signals utilizing a least two transduction pathways, one PKC-dependent and one PKC-independent. The convergence of multiple signals and transduction pathways on the same channel indicate that the channel functions as a molecular integrator of microenvironmental chemical and physical signals.
Gao
Xiaochong
X
Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Wu
Ling
L
O'Neil
Roger G
RG
D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006224:Cricetinae; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000494:pharmacology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012430:Ruthenium Red / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; D013696:Temperature; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection
D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D050916:TRPV Cation Channels; C416986:TRPV4 protein, human; C486576:Trpv4 protein, mouse; D012430:Ruthenium Red; C008876:phorbol-12,13-didecanoate; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D002118:Calcium