The violent matrix: a study of structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal violence among a sample of poor women.
One goal of this paper is to present an integrated tripartite model of violence, with a focus on structural violence within an oppression paradigm. Using qualitative and quantitative data from 27 women (70% African American and 30% European American) who participated in a national substance abuse treatment demonstration program, we describe a model of violence in which structural violence is presented within a transactional relationship with interpersonal, and intrapersonal violence. We suggest that the effects of structural, interpersonal, and intrapersonal violence are magnified when race and poverty are considered. The second goal of the paper is to present a preliminary test of the new model of violence. Results indicated that different levels and types of violence are interrelated. Implications of these findings for empowering solutions are suggested.
The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University, New York 10017, USA. sjames@casacolumbia.org
Susan E
SE
James
Janice
J
Johnson
Chitra
C
Raghavan
Tessa
T
Lemos
Michele
M
Barakett
Diana
D
Woolis
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D011203:Poverty; D012946:Social Welfare; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*