Treatment of intraocular retinoblastoma with vincristine and carboplatin.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of chemoreduction using vincristine and carboplatin in preventing or delaying external-beam radiotherapy (EBRT) or enucleation in patients with intraocular retinoblastoma.


METHODS
Twenty-five patients (43 eyes) with newly diagnosed intraocular retinoblastoma received primary treatment with eight courses of vincristine and carboplatin. Focal treatments were delayed until documentation of disease progression. Outcome measures for each eye were length of time to disease progression, avoidance or delay of EBRT, and globe survival. Event-free survival was defined as the length of time to EBRT or enucleation.


RESULTS
Disease in all eyes responded to chemotherapy and progressed in only two patients before completion of the eight courses of therapy. Disease in all but four eyes progressed and required focal treatments. Event-free survival estimates at 2 years were 59.2% +/- 12.0% for Reese-Ellsworth group I, II, and III eyes and 26.3% +/- 9.2% for group IV and V eyes. Nineteen eyes (44.2%) required EBRT and 13 eyes (30.2%) were enucleated. The ocular salvage rate was 83.3% for Reese-Ellsworth group I to III eyes and 52.6% for group IV and V eyes. For those patients receiving EBRT, the median time from enrollment to EBRT was 9.5 months (median age at EBRT, 21 months).


CONCLUSIONS
In combination with appropriate early intensive focal treatments, chemoreduction with vincristine and carboplatin, without etoposide, may be an alternative treatment for patients with early-stage intraocular retinoblastoma, although additional studies are needed. Patients with advanced intraocular disease require more aggressive treatments.
Rodriguez-Galindo
Carlos
C
Department of Hematology-Oncology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 North Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. Carlos.Rodriguez-Galindo@stjude.org
Wilson
Matthew W
MW
Haik
Barrett G
BG
Merchant
Thomas E
TE
Billups
Catherine A
CA
Shah
Nirali
N
Cain
Alvida
A
Langston
James
J
Lipson
Mindy
M
Kun
Larry E
LE
Pratt
Charles B
CB
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D015353:Eye Enucleation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D013714:Tennessee; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
D014750:Vincristine; D016190:Carboplatin