Cardiac autonomic reactivity and salivary cortisol in men and women exposed to social stressors: relationship with individual ethological profile.
The degree of cardiovascular stress responsivity and its possible implications for the onset and progression of cardiovascular pathologies seem to be linked to the individual strategy of behavioral coping with stressors. This study was designed to investigate the relationship among cardiac autonomic, endocrine and behavioral responses to real-life stress episodes. Thirty university students were exposed to two brief social challenges (stress interviews), during which the state of sympathovagal balance (time-domain indexes of heart rate variability) and a number of non-verbal behaviors were quantified. Psychometric measurements were also obtained via SPRAS questionnaire, administered just after each stress interview. Samples of saliva were collected for cortisol determination immediately prior and after the experimental session. Subjects showing higher levels of sympathetic dominance were characterized by higher scores of submissive behavior, larger cortisol increments, and higher perception of psychophysiological arousal. A clear consistency in the individual response to the two stress interviews was found, at the behavioral, physiological and psychophysiological level. Finally, the gender of the subjects did not clearly influence their stress responsivity. These results support the hypothesis of a close relationship between the degree of physiological arousal and the style of behavioral adaptation to social stressors.
Sgoifo
Andrea
A
Department of Evolutionary and Functional Biology, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Science 11/A, Parma, Italy. andrea.sgoifo@unipr.it
Braglia
Francesca
F
Costoli
Tania
T
Musso
Ezio
E
Meerlo
Peter
P
Ceresini
Graziano
G
Troisi
Alfonso
A
D000328:Adult; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis*; D007206:Individuality; D007407:Interviews as Topic / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000379:methods; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism*; D012931:Social Environment; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014743:Videotape Recording / Q000379:methods
D006854:Hydrocortisone