Vascular endothelial growth factor gene polymorphism is associated with calcium oxalate stone disease.
Growth factor-related genes regulate cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis in the kidney in response to cellular injury. One of the theories of stone formation is that cellular injury, and thus growth factors, play a role. We therefore investigated the association between growth factor genes and calcium oxalate stone disease. The most frequently seen polymorphism of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) gene is Bst U I C/T, which is located upstream at the -460th nucleotide. Other growth factor-related gene polymorphisms include the cytochrome P450c17alpha enzyme (CYP17) gene MspA I C/T polymorphism at the 5'-UTR promoter region, the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene Bsr I polymorphism (A to T) at position 2,073, and the insulin-like growth factor-2 (IGF-2) gene Apa I A/G at exon 9. All four polymorphisms were used as genetic markers in this study in the search for an association between stone disease and growth factor related genes. A normal control group of 230 healthy people, and 230 patients with calcium oxalate stone, were examined. The polymorphism was seen following polymerase chain reaction based restriction analysis. The result revealed a significant difference between normal individuals and stone patients (P=0.0003, Fisher's exact test) in the distribution of the VEGF gene polymorphism as well as an odds ratio of 1.30 (95% confidence interval=0.993-1.715) per copy of the "T" allele. Whereas, the IGF-2, EGFR and CYP17 gene polymorphisms did not reveal a significant association with stone disease. We conclude that the VEGF gene Bst U I polymorphism is a suitable genetic marker of urolithiasis.
Chen
Wen-Chi
WC
Department of Urology, China Medical College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Chen
Huey-Yi
HY
Wu
Hsi-Chin
HC
Wu
Mei-Chen
MC
Hsu
Cheng-Der
CD
Tsai
Fuu-Jen
FJ
D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; D066246:ErbB Receptors