[Locomotion of CV-1 cytoplasts with or without a centrosome].
The movement of cultured cells along the substratum is a convenient model for studying cell movement in the organism, occurring during embryogenesis, angiogenesis, metastasis, wound closure, etc. The moving cells must control their pseudopodial activity along the perimeter, regulate the attachment and reattachment to the substratum, and pull their body following pseudopodium during their movement along the substratum. As proven by numerous investigations, these processes directly depend on the actomyosin system of cells. The role of microtubules as components of cytoskeleton in cell locomotion still remains obscure. The role of microtubules in cell movement is commonly investigated using microtubule-destructive drugs. Therefore in the final results the accessory drug effect on, for example, signal cascades cannot be excluded. Another mode of action on the microtubule dynamics is centrosome removal from the cells, which is easily realized by their removal together with the nucleus. It has been shown that in cytoplasts of centrosome containing fibroblasts, dynamic instability of microtubules remains. Unlike, in non-centriolar cytoplasts tread milling is observed. Some literature evidence suggests that cytoplasts of cultured cells move along the substratum not worse that intact cells do. In this study cytoplasts with and without centrosome were obtained and identified, and parameters of movement along the substratum (speed, direction) were registered for both these two populations of cytoplasts, and for control intact cells and cells involved in the experiment. The model of experimental wound of monolayer was used, because it guaranteed cell synchronization in respect to movement direction and speed. Centrosome-containing CV-1 cytoplasts displayed radial microtubule array, and centrosome-lacking cytoplasts exhibited chaotic distribution of microtubules, which is characteristic of microtubule tread milling. In addition, both kinds of cytoplasts appeared to move along the substratum much slower than the whole cells. No difference was found is speed and keeping direction between centriolar and non-centriolar cytoplasts.
A. N. Belozersky Institute for Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University. antburakov@cmail.ru
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D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D018385:Centrosome / Q000502:physiology*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006224:Cricetinae; D015638:Cytochalasin D / Q000494:pharmacology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D007700:Kinetics; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000502:physiology; D014709:Vero Cells
D015638:Cytochalasin D