Protection against ischemic brain damage by GDNF affecting cell survival and death signals.
Neuroprotective effects of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) on cell survival and death signals were investigated after 90 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in rats. Immunoreactivities of phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt), cleaved caspase-9 (c-cas9), and -3 (c-cas3) increased after the reperfusion in the penumbra in vehicle group with peaks at 3 h, 8 h, and 1 day, respectively. Topical application of GDNF (6.8 micrograms/9 microliters) on brain surface potentiated and prolonged p-Akt activation, but suppressed activation of the caspases, and reduced the number of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUDP-biotin in situ nick labeling (TUNEL) positive cells. These results suggest that GDNF plays a protective role against ischemic injury by controlling the balance between Akt pathway and caspase cascades.
Jin
G
G
Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikatacho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
Omori
N
N
Li
F
F
Nagano
I
I
Manabe
Y
Y
Shoji
M
M
Abe
K
K
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors
C495041:Gdnf protein, rat; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; C506435:Casp9 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases