Treatment of saphenous vein bypass grafts with ultrasound thrombolysis: a randomized study (ATLAS).
BACKGROUND
Percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in saphenous vein grafts (SVGs) with thrombus have a high frequency of distal embolization. Acolysis (therapeutic ultrasound) can break up thrombus in vitro in animal models and humans. Whether this is beneficial during percutaneous SVG interventions is unknown.


RESULTS
We performed a trial of coronary ultrasound thrombolysis in which patients with an acute coronary syndrome undergoing PCI in SVGs were randomly assigned to receive acolysis or abciximab. The primary end point was a successful procedure, defined as final luminal diameter stenosis 30% or less with Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction grade 3 flow and freedom from major adverse cardiac events (composite of death, Q-wave, and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction [MI], emergency bypass procedure, disabling stroke, and target lesion revascularization). Of 181 enrolled, 92 received acolysis and 89 abciximab. Angiographic procedural success was achieved in 63% of acolysis patients and 82% of abciximab patients (P=0.008). Incidence of major adverse cardiac events at 30 days was 25% with acolysis and 12% with abciximab (P=0.036), attributable mainly to a greater frequency of non-Q-wave MI with acolysis (19.6% versus 7.9%, P=0.03). The incidence of Q-wave MI was also higher with acolysis (5.4% versus 2.2%, P=nonsignificant). The primary end point was achieved in 53.8% of acolysis patients and 73.1% of abciximab patients (P=0.014).


CONCLUSIONS
Use of therapeutic ultrasound in vein graft lesions in patients with acute coronary syndrome had poor angiographic outcome and increased the incidence of acute ischemic complications.
Division of Cardiovascular Diseases and Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
Mandeep
M
Singh
Uri
U
Rosenschein
Kalon K L
KK
Ho
Peter B
PB
Berger
Richard
R
Kuntz
David R
DR
Holmes
D000077284:Abciximab; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000637:transplantation*; D015607:Stents; D013577:Syndrome; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D000077284:Abciximab