N-cyanomethyl-2-chloroisonicotinamide induces systemic acquired resistance in arabidopsis without salicylic acid accumulation.
Systemic acquired resistance (SAR) is a potent innate immunity system in plants that is induced through the salicylic acid-mediated pathway. N-cyanomethyl-2-chloroisonicotinamide (NCI) is able to induce a broad range of disease resistance in tobacco and rice and induces SAR marker gene expression without SA accumulation in tobacco. To clarify the detailed mode of action of NCI, we analyzed its ability to induce defense gene expression and resistance in Arabidopsis mutants that are defective in various defense signaling pathways. Wild-type Arabidopsis treated with NCI exhibited increased expression of several pathogenesis-related genes and enhanced resistance to the bacterial pathogen, Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000. NCI induced disease resistance and PR gene expression in NahG transgenic plants, but not in the npr1 mutant. NCI could induce PR gene expression in the etr1-1, ein2-1 and jar1-1 mutants. Thus, NCI activates SAR, independently from ethylene and jasmonic acid, by stimulating the site between SA and NPR1.
Plant Functions Laboratory, RIKEN Institute, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
Michiko
M
Yasuda
Hideo
H
Nakashita
Satoru
S
Hasegawa
Masanori
M
Nishioka
Yuko
Y
Arai
Masakazu
M
Uramoto
Isamu
I
Yamaguchi
Shigeo
S
Yoshida
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010935:Plant Diseases; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000472:pathogenicity; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
C466947:N-cyanomethyl-2-chloroisonicotinamide; D010940:Plant Proteins; D009536:Niacinamide; D020156:Salicylic Acid