Safety evaluation of an extract from Salacia oblonga.
Plant extracts from the Salacia genus have been found to have intestinal alpha-glucosidase inhibitor activity, which may have application to the development of medical foods for people with diabetes. We evaluated the safety of a hot water extract of S. oblonga (salacinol extract) supplemented to or processed into a medical food. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned among one of three treatments: (1) EN-0178 (control, liquid diet), (2) EN-0178+salacinol (as 1 plus 500 mg of salacinol extract per 253 g diet, which was added to product immediately prior to feeding), (3) EN-0195 (as 1 plus 500 mg of salacinol extract per 253 g diet, which was added during product manufacture). After 14 days of free access to dietary treatments, rats were sacrificed, blood collected and organs weighed. Rats consuming salacinol extract had reduced (P <0.05) weight gain and feed intake. The relative (% of body weight) testicular weight was higher (P<0.05) for rats consuming salacinol extract, whereas, the relative liver and spleen weight was lower (P<0.05) for rats consuming salacinol extract. Of the serum chemistries analyzed, blood urea nitrogen and alkaline phosphatase was lower (P<0.05) for rats consuming salacinol extract. No differences in blood hematology were found. We conclude that salacinol extract, in a medical food consumed for 2 weeks in amounts estimated at 10-fold greater than proposed for human intake, did not result in clinical chemistry or histopathologic indications of toxic effects in male Sprague-Dawley rats.
Wolf
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Ross Products Division of Abbott Laboratories, Department 105670/RP3-2, 625 Cleveland Avenue, Columbus, OH 43215-1724, USA. bryan.wolf@abbott.com
Weisbrode
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D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D029753:Celastraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases / Q000378:metabolism
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D065089:Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000520:alpha-Glucosidases