Suppressed prolactin response to dynorphin A1-13 in methadone-maintained versus control subjects.
Dynorphin A1-13, a shortened sequence of the natural peptide dynorphin A1-17, is a primarily kappa-opioid receptor-preferring peptide. Previously, we showed that dynorphin A1-13 administered to normal volunteers causes a prompt dose-dependent elevation in serum prolactin that may reflect a reduction in tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic tone. This study was conducted to determine whether tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic tone is reduced in methadone-maintained patients. Eight former heroin addicts on stable-dose methadone maintenance with no ongoing drug or alcohol abuse or dependence and 15 normal volunteer controls with no history of drug or alcohol dependence received dynorphin A1-13 intravenously at doses of 120 microg/kg and 500 microg/kg. Studies began one hour before methadone dosing to avoid the expected increase in prolactin that coincides with peak plasma levels of methadone. After intravenous dynorphin A1-13, a dose-response increase in serum prolactin, which peaked within 20 min, was observed in both groups. There was no difference in prolactin between the two groups at baseline or following a placebo. The prolactin response to each dose of dynorphin A1-13 was significantly lower in the methadone-maintained volunteers compared with the controls. These results suggest that tuberoinfundibular dopaminergic tone is altered in methadone-maintained subjects. It is unknown whether altered dopaminergic tone existed before opiate addiction, is a result of heroin addiction, or is reflective of methadone maintenance. Whether methadone-maintained subjects also have decreased dopaminergic response to dynorphin and other kappa-opioid receptor ligands in mesolimbic-mesocortical and nigrostriatal dopaminergic systems cannot be determined from this study.
Bart
Gavin
G
The Laboratory of the Biology of Addictive Diseases, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021-6399, USA. bartg@rockefeller.edu
Borg
Lisa
L
Schluger
James H
JH
Green
Mark
M
Ho
Ann
A
Kreek
Mary Jeanne
MJ
D000328:Adult; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004399:Dynorphins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008691:Methadone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism*
D009294:Narcotics; D004399:Dynorphins; D011388:Prolactin; D008691:Methadone; D004298:Dopamine