Bone matrix proteins: their function, regulation, and relationship to osteoporosis.
Bone is a unique tissue composed of numerous cell types entombed within a mineralized matrix each with its own unique functions. While the majority of the matrix is composed of inorganic materials, study of the organic components has yielded most of the insights into the roles and regulation of cell and tissue specific functions. The goal of this review will be to describe some of the major known organic components of the bone matrix and discuss their functions as currently perceived. The potential usefulness of bone matrix protein assays for diagnosing the status of bone diseases and our current understanding of how these proteins could be related to diseases such as osteoporosis will also be reviewed.
Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute of Dental Research, National Institutes of Health, MD 20892, Bethesda, USA. myoung@dir.nidcr.nih.gov
Marian F
MF
Young
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000737:chemistry; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000502:physiology*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000502:physiology; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000502:physiology
D015415:Biomarkers; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D015675:Osteocalcin; D003094:Collagen