Determination of conformer-specific partition coefficients in octanol/water systems.
The first conformer-specific experimental partition coefficients are presented for octanol/water, the most widespread solvent system to predict lipophilicity of drugs. Rotamer populations in octanol and water were elucidated from 1H NMR vicinal coupling constants and were combined with classical partition coefficients to obtain the conformer-specific ones. Feasibility of the determination of conformer-specific partition coefficients is exemplified on amphetamine and clenbuterol, two flexible drug molecules. Partition capacities of the amphetamine rotamers have been proven to be essentially equal. The conformers of clenbuterol, however, have been found to be greatly different in partition properties, which could be interpreted in terms of intramolecular interactions between the vicinal polar sites and the solvent-accessibility of the groups. The conformers could be put into order of their membrane-influx and -outflow propensities. Deviations between experimental and calculated log P values could also be interpreted in view of the species-specific partition coefficients.
Kraszni
Márta
M
Semmelweis University, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, H-1092 Budapest, Högyes E. u. 9., Hungary.
Bányai
István
I
Noszál
Béla
B
D000465:Algorithms; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000737:chemistry; D002976:Clenbuterol / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D000442:Octanols; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D014867:Water
D000442:Octanols; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D014867:Water; D000661:Amphetamine; D002976:Clenbuterol