Assessment of genetic damage by methyl methacrylate employing in vitro mammalian test system.
Methyl methacrylate (MMA) is a volatile liquid widely used in the manufacture of acrylic polymers. In modern dentistry, MMA is the mainstream material in denture bases. MMA has been implicated as primary irritant and sensitizer, which can cause allergic eczematous reaction on the oral mucosa as well as skin. To date, there is growing concern that MMA may produce genetic damage by inducing mutation. In this study, colony forming efficiency, DNA synthesis, and cytogenetic assays were performed to investigate the adverse effects of MMA in cultured CHO cells. MMA was found to decrease colony formation in a dose- and time-dependent manner (P<0.05). MMA also inhibited DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.05). The chromosome aberrations induced by MMA were the chromatid-type aberrations in the treated cultures. Moreover, the gaps and breaks were the most common type of aberrations observed. The sister-chromatid exchange frequencies were found to increase in the concentration of MMA. In this study, MMA was found to be not only a cytotoxic agent but also a genotoxic agent. The effects observed following treatment with low dose for longer duration is of relevance to the condition of the oral mucosa of the denture wears. Denture base resin could constantly release MMA extended periods, possibly causing moderate toxic reactions and possibly contributing to adverse effects on the mucosa.
Yang
Hui-Wen
HW
Department of Prosthodontics, Oral Medicine Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
Chou
Lin Shin-Shen
LS
Chou
Ming-Yung
MY
Chang
Yu-Chao
YC
D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002842:Chromatids / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D004249:DNA Damage; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020366:Methylmethacrylate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000187:drug effects
D003764:Dental Materials; D020366:Methylmethacrylate; D004247:DNA