Leucocyte interferon-alpha for patients with chronic hepatitis C intolerant to other alpha-interferons.
BACKGROUND
Alpha-interferon (alpha-IFN) is the treatment of choice for chronic hepatitis C but most patients experience adverse effects which sometimes lead to the suspension of therapy. Recently, higher doses of alpha-IFN or prolonged therapy have increased the number of cases of intolerance.


METHODS
In this open study we evaluated the efficacy and safety of leucocyte interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) [6MU three times a week] in 43 patients with chronic hepatitis C who had been intolerant to previous treatment courses with recombinant or lymphoblastoid IFNalpha. All patients were treated for 6 months and followed-up for an additional 6 months.End of treatment responders were patients in whom hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA had been eradicated from the blood by the end of treatment, sustained responders were those patients who maintained negative HCV-RNA at the end of follow-up, and the remaining patients were considered non-responders. Adverse effects were monitored by interviews, laboratory and clinical examinations.


RESULTS
Five patients (11.6%) discontinued the treatment, four due to the reappearance of previous adverse effects, and one due to an ex novo adverse effect. In six patients the dose had to be halved. At the end of treatment 11 patients (25.6%) had negative serum HCV-RNA. After discontinuation of therapy, disease flared in four patients, thus seven patients were sustained responders.


CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that leucocyte IFNalpha at a dose of 6MU three times a week is well tolerated in patients previously intolerant to recombinant or lymphoblastoid IFNalpha, allowing a high percentage of them to complete a course of treatment in terms of duration and dose.
Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e delle Patologie Emergenti, Servizio di Prevenzione e Cura delle Malattie Epato-biliari e Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Università di Palermo, Via del Vespro 141, Palermo 90127, Italy.
Silvio
S
Tripi
Maurizio
M
Soresi
Giuseppa
G
Di Gaetano
Antonio
A
Carroccio
Lydia
L
Giannitrapani
Onofrio
O
Vuturo
Gaetana
G
Di Giovanni
Giuseppe
G
Montalto
D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha