The Aging Males' Symptoms (AMS) scale: update and compilation of international versions.
BACKGROUND
The interest of clinical research in aging males increased in recent years and thereby the interest to measure health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and symptoms of aging men. The Aging Males' Symptoms scale (AMS) became the most commonly used scale to measure HRQoL and symptoms in aging males in many countries worldwide. The aim of this paper is to review the current state of the instrument particularly concerning versions of the scale in different languages in the light of the quality of the translation process.
Most of the translations were performed following international methodological recommendations for linguistic & cultural adaptation of HRQoL instruments. Mainly the English version was used as source language for the translation into Dutch, Spanish, Portuguese, Italian, Swedish, and Japanese (attached as additional PDF-files). Preliminary versions that were derived only from forward translations are of secondary quality and available in Finnish, Flemish, and Russian. It is recommended to complete the translation process for the latter languages before using them in international studies.
The AMS scale is in the process of consensus finding of two existing French versions, and the versions in the Korean, Thai, and Indonesian languages have not yet been completed in the translation process.


CONCLUSIONS
The AMS scale is obviously a valuable tool for assessing health related quality of life in aging men, because it is used worldwide. It is a standardized scale according to psychometric norms. Most of the currently available language versions were translated following international standards for linguistic and cultural translation of quality of life scales. Assistance is offered to help interested parties in the translation process.
Heinemann
Lothar A J
LA
ZEG - Center for Epidemiology & Health Research Berlin, Invalidenstr. 115, 10115 Berlin, Germany. Heinemann@zeg-berlin.de
Saad
Farid
F
Zimmermann
Thomas
T
Novak
Annoesjka
A
Myon
Eric
E
Badia
Xavier
X
Potthoff
Peter
P
T'Sjoen
Guy
G
Pöllänen
Pasi
P
Goncharow
Nikolai P
NP
Kim
Sehyun
S
Giroudet
Christelle
C
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D014177:Translations