HIV-associated nephropathy: clinical characteristics and therapeutic options.
HIV-associated nephropathy is a unique form of renal disease specific to HIV infection. Proteinuria and rapidly worsening azotemia in the absence of edema and hypertension are characteristic. Renal biopsy reveals collapsing and/or sclerotic glomeruli, microcystic tubular dilatation, and cellular interstitial infiltrates. Direct cytopathic effects of HIV in the setting of a particular cytokine milieu appears to be the mechanism responsible for the renal injury. There is limited therapeutic experience, but trials with steroids and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors are encouraging. Dialysis is the main form of renal replacement therapy. Better understanding of the disease should improve treatment and prognosis.
Bologna
R M
RM
Rogosin Institute, Department of Nephrology, New York Presbyterian Hospital-Cornell University Medical College, New York, NY, USA.
D016263:AIDS-Associated Nephropathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006435:Renal Dialysis