The efficacy of permethrin-treated bed nets on child mortality and morbidity in western Kenya II. Study design and methods.
This paper describes the study design and methods used in a large community-based, group-randomized, controlled trial of permethrin-treated bed nets (ITNs) in an area with intense, perennial malaria transmission in western Kenya conducted between 1996 and 1999. A multi-disciplinary framework was used to explore the efficacy of ITNs in the reduction of all-cause mortality in children less than five years old, the clinical, entomologic, immunologic, and economic impact of ITNs, the social and behavioral determinants of ITN use, and the use of a geographic information system to allow for spatial analyses of these outcomes. Methodologic difficulties encountered in such large-scale field trials are discussed.
Phillips-Howard
Penelope A
PA
Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341, USA.
ter Kuile
Feiko O
FO
Nahlen
Bernard L
BL
Alaii
Jane A
JA
Gimnig
John E
JE
Kolczak
Margarette S
MS
Terlouw
Dianne J
DJ
Kariuki
Simon K
SK
Shi
Ya Ping
YP
Kachur
S Patrick
SP
Hightower
Allen W
AW
Vulule
John M
JM
Hawley
William A
WA
D001512:Bedding and Linens; D002648:Child; D003695:Delivery of Health Care; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D008288:Malaria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010348:Patient Care Team; D026023:Permethrin / Q000494:pharmacology*
D007306:Insecticides; D026023:Permethrin