Mechanisms of oxidative stress and vascular dysfunction.
The endothelium regulates vascular homoeostasis through local elaboration of mediators that modulate vascular tone, platelet adhesion, inflammation, fibrinolysis, and vascular growth. Impaired vascular function contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and acute coronary syndromes. There is growing pathophysiological evidence that increased generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative stress participates in proatherogenic mechanisms of vascular dysfunction and atherothrombosis. In this review, the role of oxidative stress in mechanisms of vascular dysfunction is discussed, and potential antioxidant strategies are reviewed.
Evans Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Z S
ZS
Nedeljkovic
N
N
Gokce
J
J
Loscalzo
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002450:Cell Communication; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D014815:Vitamins / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D014815:Vitamins