On-line monitoring of opaque liquids by photoacoustic spectroscopy.
A new photoacoustic sensor system for on-line monitoring of highly concentrated and optical opaque liquid samples is presented. The dyeing of textiles is performed with highly concentrated dye solutions with concentrations ranging from 50 mg L(-1) up to 40 g L(-1). For process optimization and control of the wastewater, an on-line monitoring of the dye concentration is needed. Optical transmission measurements allow the determination of the dye concentration in a relatively small range. Samples with concentrations in the upper mg L(-1) and g L(-1) range have to be diluted before the measurement due to their optical opacity. Additionally, light-scattering particles have a strong effect on the transmitted light intensity. By photoacoustic spectroscopy, concentrations in condensed matter can be determined over several orders of magnitude. Furthermore, scattering particles do not generate any photoacoustic signal.
Schmid
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T
Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Marchioninistrabetae 17, 81377, Munich, Germany.
Helmbrecht
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C
Haisch
C
C
Panne
U
U
Niessner
R
R