Periostitis secondary to interleukin-11 (Oprelvekin, Neumega). Treatment for thrombocytopenia in pediatric patients.
Interleukin-11 (Oprelvekin, Neumega) is a newly introduced thrombopoietic growth factor that stimulates production, differentiation, and maturation of megakaryocytes and platelets. Reversible periostitis has been reported as the side effect of the drug in primates and in the phase I/II trials. We report our experience with 5 cases of periostitis, occurring in thrombocytopenic children with three non-malignant and two malignant conditions, out of 24 pediatric patients treated with IL-11 at 75 micro g/kg per day for a median of 17 days. The findings were noted in the clavicle or the proximal humerus. Two patients also had forearm and lower-extremity long-bone involvement. All patients had normal bones before IL-11 was given, changes occurred in both non-malignant and malignant diseases, and periostitis disappeared after use of the drug was discontinued. The distribution and appearance of the changes are similar to prostaglandin E1 and hypervitaminosis A. The changes are reversible after termination of treatment and are most noted in younger patients. The exact mechanism is not clear. The detection of periostitis makes it essential for the radiologists to inquire as to what medications patients are receiving. The pediatric doses (75 g/kg/d) are above those recommended for adult patients (50 g/kg/d) and this may account for the pediatric bone changes of periostitis.
Milman
Edward
E
Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Children's Hospital of New York-Presbyterian, 3959 Broadway, CHN 3-325, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Berdon
Walter E
WE
Garvin
James H
JH
Cairo
Mitchell S
MS
Bessmertny
Olga
O
Ruzal-Shapiro
Carrie
C
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010522:Periostitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017370:Interleukin-11; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C105308:oprelvekin