The emotional distress in a community after the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center.
OBJECTIVE
To examine psychological impact of the September 11th disaster on the immediate neighborhood of the New York World Trade Center.


METHODS
555 residents from the local Chinatown community participated in the study. They were surveyed retrospectively on their emotional-distress immediately after the tragedy and five months later.


RESULTS
Prevalent anxiety was found in general community residents and additional depression in those who lost family members or friends. The mental health condition of the community improved tremendously five months later, with the initial 59% of general residents having 4 or more emotional symptoms dropping to 17%. However, more than half of the community residents had persistently shown one or more symptoms of emotional distress. Those who had lost a family member or friend in the disaster showed significantly higher distress, with 90% of them had four or more major psychiatric symptoms during the first few weeks right after the disaster, and the rate dropped to 35% five months later. Overall, those in their 40s and 50s seemed to have had relatively higher emotional distress than both younger and older groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Methodological limitations were discussed concerning retrospective reporting and sample characteristics.
Chen
Hongtu
H
Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School and Charles B. Wang Community Health Center, USA. hongtuchen@hotmail.com
Chung
Henry
H
Chen
Teddy
T
Fang
Lin
L
Chen
Jian-Ping
JP
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D023481:Terrorism / Q000523:psychology*