Elevated expression of 12/15-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 in a transgenic mouse model of prostate carcinoma.
Changes in expression of arachidonic acid (AA) metabolizing enzymes are implicated in the development and progression of human prostate carcinoma (Pca). Transgenic mouse models of Pca that progress from high-grade prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (HGPIN) to invasive and metastatic carcinoma could facilitate study of the regulation and function of these genes in Pca progression. Herein we characterize the AA-metabolizing enzymes in transgenic mice established with a prostate epithelial-specific long probasin promoter and the SV40 large T antigen (LPB-Tag mice) that develop extensive HGPIN and invasive and metastatic carcinoma with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation. Murine 8-lipoxygenase (8-LOX), homologue of the 15-LOX-2 enzyme that is expressed in benign human prostatic epithelium and reduced in Pca, was not detected in wild-type or LPB-Tag prostates as determined by enzyme assay, reverse transcription-PCR, and immunohistochemistry. The most prominent AA metabolite in mouse prostate was 12-HETE. Wild-type prostate (dorsolateral lobe) converted 1.6 +/- 0.5% [(14)C]AA to 12-HETE (n = 7), and this increased to 8.0 +/- 4.4% conversion in LPB-Tag mice with HGPIN (n = 13). Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR and immunostaining correlated the increased 12-HETE synthesis with increased neoplastic epithelial expression of 12/15-LOX, the leukocyte-type (L) of 12-LOX and the murine homologue of human 15-LOX-1. Immunostaining showed increased L12-LOX in invasive carcinoma and approximately one-half of metastatic foci. COX-2 mRNA was detectable in neoplastic prostates with HGPIN but not in wild-type prostate. By immunostaining, COX-2 was increased in the neoplastic epithelium of HGPIN but was absent in foci of invasion and metastases. We conclude that (a) AA metabolism in wild-type mouse prostate differs from humans in the basal expression of LOXs (15-LOX-2 in human, absence of its 8-LOX homologue in mouse prostate); (b) increased expression of 12/15-LOX in HGPIN and invasive carcinoma of the LPB-Tag model is similar to the increased 15-LOX-1 in high-grade human Pca; and (c) the LPB-Tag model shows increased COX-2 in HGPIN, and therefore, it may allow additional definition of the role of this enzyme in the subset of human HGPINs or other precursor lesions that are COX-2 positive, as well as investigation of its contribution to neoplastic cell proliferation and tumor angiogenesis in Pca.
Shappell
Scott B
SB
Department of Pathology, Vanderbilt Prostate Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-2561, USA. scott.shappell@vanderbilt.edu
Olson
Sandra J
SJ
Hannah
S Erin
SE
Manning
Suzanne
S
Roberts
Richard L
RL
Masumori
Naoya
N
Jisaka
Mitsuo
M
Boeglin
William E
WE
Vader
Virginia
V
Dave
Dhiren S
DS
Shook
M Frances
MF
Thomas
Tania Z
TZ
Funk
Colin D
CD
Brash
Alan R
AR
Matusik
Robert J
RJ
D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000727:Androgen-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming / Q000235:genetics; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D001091:Arachidonate Lipoxygenases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
D000727:Androgen-Binding Protein; D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; D007527:Isoenzymes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C027519:probasin; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; D001091:Arachidonate Lipoxygenases; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase; C054192:arachidonate 8-lipoxygenase; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases