Expression of bone morphogenetic proteins during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rabbits.
OBJECTIVE
We examined the expression pattern of bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rabbits and also investigated the mechanism of membranous bone distraction.


METHODS
Twenty-three rabbits underwent mandibular distraction (protocol; no latency period, a 1-week distraction at 0.5 mm/d, and a 2-week consolidation period). Samples were collected at 3, 5, and 7 days of distraction and at 1-week and 2-week consolidation. We prepared undecalcified fresh-frozen sections and immunohistochemically evaluated the expression of BMPs 2 through 8.


RESULTS
Both endochondral ossification and intramembranous ossification were observed. The expression of BMPs 2, 4, 5, and 6 was observed continuously from the beginning of distraction. BMP-7 was expressed weakly. The expression of BMP-3 was not observed conspicuously during distraction but was strongly expressed at 1- and 2-week consolidation.


CONCLUSIONS
The expression pattern of BMPs during membranous bone distraction was similar to that during long bone distraction, but it differed from the expression pattern of long bone distraction in that the expression of BMPs was maintained for 2 weeks after the completion of distraction.
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. yazawa@sc.itc.keio.ac.jp
Masaki
M
Yazawa
Kazuo
K
Kishi
Hideo
H
Nakajima
Tatsuo
T
Nakajima
D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055398:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 3; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D055417:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 5; D055418:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000379:methods; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis
D000906:Antibodies; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D055398:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 3; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D055417:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 5; D055418:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D006133:Growth Substances; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta