Change in plasma levels of vitamin D after consumption of cod-liver and fresh cod-liver oil as part of the traditional north Norwegian fish dish "Mølje".
OBJECTIVE
To assess changes in plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations after ingestion of <<Mølje>>, a traditional north Norwegian fish dish rich in vitamin D.


METHODS
Thirty-three volunteers all living in the city of Tromsø, located in northern Norway (latitude 690), were served a "Mølje" meal consisting of cod, hard roe, cod liver, and fresh cod-liver oil. The amounts of liver, and cod-liver oil consumed were weighed and recorded. Blood samples were collected before the meal, and at 4 hours, 12 hours and 5 days after it. The cod liver and cod-liver oil were analysed for vitamin D content and the plasma samples for the metabolite 25(OH)D. Trends in plasma 25(OH)D levels during the five-day observation period were analysed. The study was conducted at the beginning of April of 2000.


RESULTS
Among the 33 participating subjects, 69.7% had baseline plasma 25(OH)D concentrations below 50 nmol/l and for one-quarter of the subjects, they were < 37.5 nmol/l The participants who acknowledged taking cod-liver oil supplements had significantly higher baseline 25(OH)D plasma levels at the outset of the study compared to those reporting not doing so (p = 0.02). Changes in plasma 25(OH)D levels relative to baseline concentrations were significantly associated with the body mass index (p < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Vitamin D status in populations living in circumpolar areas needs more research to investigate to what degree people living in the Arctic areas are at increased risk for vitamin D insufficiency and to determine the role of the traditional diet in preventing such deficiency.
Brustad
Magritt
M
Institute of Community Medicine, University of Tromsø, Norway. magritt.brustad@ism.uit.no
Sandanger
Torkjel
T
Wilsgaard
Tom
T
Aksnes
Lage
L
Lund
Eiliv
E
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D003060:Cod Liver Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003296:Cooking; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005399:Fishes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D013995:Time; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000097:blood
D014807:Vitamin D; D003060:Cod Liver Oil