Sequential interaction of actin-related proteins 2 and 3 (Arp2/3) complex with neural Wiscott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) and cortactin during branched actin filament network formation.
The WASP and cortactin families constitute two distinct classes of Arp2/3 modulators in mammalian cells. Physical and functional interactions among the Arp2/3 complex, VCA (a functional domain of N-WASP), and cortactin were examined under conditions that were with or without actin polymerization. In the absence of actin, cortactin binds significantly weaker to the Arp2/3 complex than VCA. At concentrations of VCA 20-fold lower than cortactin, the association of cortactin with the Arp2/3 complex was nearly abolished. Analysis of the cells infected with Shigella demonstrated that N-WASP located at the tip of the bacterium, whereas cortactin accumulated in the comet tail. Interestingly, cortactin promotes Arp2/3 complex-mediated actin polymerization and actin branching in the presence of VCA at a saturating concentration, and cortactin acquired 20 nm affinity for the Arp2/3 complex during actin polymerization. The interaction of VCA with the Arp2/3 complex was reduced in the presence of both cortactin and actin. Moreover, VCA reduced its affinity for Arp2/3 complex at branching sites that were stabilized by phalloidin. These data imply a novel mechanism for the de novo assembly of a branched actin network that involves a coordinated sequential interaction of N-WASP and cortactin with the Arp2/3 complex.
Uruno
Takehito
T
Department of Experimental Pathology, Jerome H. Holland Laboratory for the Biomedical Sciences, American Red Cross, Rockville, Maryland 20855, USA.
Liu
Jiali
J
Li
Yansong
Y
Smith
Nicole
N
Zhan
Xi
X
D051377:Actin-Related Protein 2; D051378:Actin-Related Protein 3; D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D051356:Cortactin; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008954:Models, Biological; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors; D051317:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein, Neuronal
C495926:ACTR2 protein, human; C495928:ACTR3 protein, human; D051377:Actin-Related Protein 2; D051378:Actin-Related Protein 3; D000199:Actins; C495927:Actr2 protein, mouse; C495929:Actr3 protein, mouse; C495868:CTTN protein, human; D051356:Cortactin; C495869:Cttn protein, mouse; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C495771:WASL protein, human; C495772:Wasl protein, mouse; D051317:Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein, Neuronal; D005982:Glutathione Transferase