Isolation and association of Escherichia coli AIDA-I/STb, rather than EAST1 pathotype, with diarrhea in piglets and antibiotic sensitivity of isolates.
To identify emerging Escherichia coli that have the potential to cause diarrhea in pigs, the prevalence of E. coli pathotypes was determined among 170 and 120 isolates from diarrheic and nondiarrheic piglets, respectively. The isolates were tested for F4, F5, F6, F18, and F41 fimbriae, for E. coli attaching and effacing (EAE), porcine attaching and effacing-associated (Paa), and adhesin involved in diffuse adherence (AIDA-I) factors, for LT, STa, STb, and enteroaggregative heat-stable (EAST1) enterotoxins, and for Shiga toxins (Stxl, Stx2, and Stx2e), using DNA hybridization and polymerase chain reaction. All isolates were O-serotyped and tested for antibiotic resistance against 10 drugs. Seventeen different pathotypes, accounting for 40.0% of the isolates, were recovered from diarrheic piglets. The main pathotypes included EAST1 (13.5%), F4/LT/STb/EAST1 (6.5%), AIDA-I/STb/EAST1 (4.1%), F5/STa (2.9%), EAE/EAST1 (2.9%), and AIDA-I/F18 (2.3%). Only 3 pathotypes, EAE (11.7%), EAST1 (10.8%), and EAE/EAST1 (3.3%), were recovered from nondiarrheic piglets. Paa factor was detected in 8.8% and 7.5% of isolates from diarrheic and nondiarrheic piglets, respectively, and always was associated with other virulence determinants. Overall, 22.9% of isolates from diarrheic piglets appeared to be enteropathogens: enterotoxigenic E. coli (11.7%), enteropathogenic E. coli (3.5%), and E. coli isolates (3.0%) for which none of the above adherence factors was detected. Pathotypes AIDA-I/STb/EAST1 and AIDA-I/STb were isolated only from diarrheic piglets and accounted for 4.7% of isolates. Strains of these pathotypes induced diarrhea when inoculated into newborn colostrum-deprived pigs, in contrast to an isolate positive only for EAST1, which did not induce diarrhea. Antibiotic sensitivity test showed that isolates of the AIDA-I/STb/EAST1 and AIDA-I/STb pathotypes were the only strains sensitive to enrofloxacin, gentamicin, neomycin, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. This study showed that at least 20.5% of isolates from diarrheic piglets appeared to be associated with AIDA-I/STb pathotype and that EAST1 pathotype is probably not an important marker for diarrhea in piglets.
Prairie Diagnostic Services, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4, Canada.
Musangu
M
Ngeleka
Jane
J
Pritchard
Greg
G
Appleyard
Dorothy M
DM
Middleton
John M
JM
Fairbrother
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021821:Communicable Diseases, Emerging / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D007082:Ileum / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D012703:Serotyping; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents