Oral ivermectin treatment in two cases of scabies: effective in crusted scabies induced by corticosteroid but ineffective in nail scabies.
We report two cases of scabies treated with oral ivermectin (200 micro g/kg). Case 1, a 72-year-old man, developed crusted scabies with the use of oral corticosteroids due to a misdiagnosis by an earlier physician. The patient was successfully treated with two doses of oral ivermectin at a 7 day interval with concomitant topical use of crotamiton and keratolytic agents. However, the nail scabies in this patient failed to respond to these treatments. Live mites were detected from all his toenails two weeks after the second dose of ivermectin. A complete cure of the nail scabies was achieved by occlusive dressing of 1% gamma-BHC on all toenails for one month. Case 2, a 52-year-old woman, had been treated with oral corticosteroid for mesangial nephritis. She developed common scabies, but a topical scabicide, crotamiton, was not effective. Two weeks after treatment with a single dose of oral ivermectin, eggs were still detected from a burrow on her trunk. Her treatment was completed after a further two doses of oral ivermectin were administered at 7 day intervals. In both patients, the administration of oral ivermectin did not induce any clinical or laboratory side effects. Oral ivermectin is effective for crusted scabies, but not effective for nail scabies. Two doses of oral ivermectin, administered with a one-week interval, is an appropriate treatment regimen.
Ohtaki
Noriko
N
Department of Dermatology, Kudanzaka Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Taniguchi
Hiroko
H
Ohtomo
Hiroshi
H
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009260:Nail Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D009779:Occlusive Dressings; D012520:Sarcoptes scabiei; D012532:Scabies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D014052:Toluidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D014052:Toluidines; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D007559:Ivermectin; C005553:crotamiton