title: Genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in cattle in Michigan: implications for understanding the transmission dynamics.
abstract: Epidemiological and molecular data on 248 bovine, 17 human, and 16 water samples of Cryptosporidium spp. collected from the lower peninsula of Michigan between 1997 and 2000 were analysed. Cryptosporidium parvum bovine genotype and Cryptosporidium andersoni were found in 56 and four cattle samples, respectively. A total of six C. parvum subgenotypes were found in 34 bovine samples, and five of the eight farms had two or three subgenotypes in cattle. Six water samples from these farms had C. andersoni, five had the C. parvum bovine genotype, and one had Cryptosporidium muris. In contrast, four PCR-positive human samples produced the C. parvum bovine genotype and two had the C. parvum human genotype. Among the C. parvum bovine genotype samples, two human samples and one water sample had subgenotypes identical to those found on cattle farms. The results of this study demonstrate the potential use of molecular methods in tracking the transmission of Cryptosporidium.
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitic Diseases, Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Meshnick
authors.forename: Altaf A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lal
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000469:parasitology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008824:Michigan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal