title: Development of a model of the tobacco industry's interference with tobacco control programmes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To construct a conceptual model of tobacco industry tactics to undermine tobacco control programmes for the purposes of: (1) developing measures to evaluate industry tactics, (2) improving tobacco control planning, and (3) supplementing current or future frameworks used to classify and analyse tobacco industry documents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Web based concept mapping was conducted, including expert brainstorming, sorting, and rating of statements describing industry tactics. Statistical analyses used multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. Interpretation of the resulting maps was accomplished by an expert panel during a face-to-face meeting.
  
  
  METHODS
  34 experts, selected because of their previous encounters with industry resistance or because of their research into industry tactics, took part in some or all phases of the project.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maps with eight non-overlapping clusters in two dimensional space were developed, with importance ratings of the statements and clusters. Cluster and quadrant labels were agreed upon by the experts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The conceptual maps summarise the tactics used by the industry and their relationships to each other, and suggest a possible hierarchy for measures that can be used in statistical modelling of industry tactics and for review of industry documents. Finally, the maps enable hypothesis of a likely progression of industry reactions as public health programmes become more successful, and therefore more threatening to industry profits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Policy Analysis & Management, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. wmt1@cornell.edu
authors.forename: W M K
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Trochim
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Stillman
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Schmitt
mesh_terms: D005104:Expert Testimony; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D007600:Judgment; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011050:Policy Making; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D019460:Tobacco Industry