title: Maximum acceptable dose of ultraviolet radiation: a safety limit for cataract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a method for experimental estimation of toxicity for continuous dose-response relationships. To apply this method to cataract induced by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) in young rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  After establishing experimentally the frequency distribution of light scattering of normal physiologically clear lenses, the lower limit of pathological light scattering is defined such that a certain fraction, for example 97.5%, of normal lenses scatter less light.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dose-response function for UVR and cataract is determined experimentally. With this function, the dose corresponding to the lower limit of pathological light scattering may be determined as the maximum acceptable dose (MAD). The MAD0.975 for UVR 300 nm was determined to be 2.2 kJ/m2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The method can serve as a basis for establishing safety standards for UVR-induced cataract and probably other continuous dose-response functions.
authors.affiliation: St Erik's Eye Hospital, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. per.soderberg@ste.ki.se
authors.forename: Per G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Söderberg
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Merriam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002386:Cataract / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D007908:Lens, Crystalline / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012449:Safety; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays