title: In vitro evaluation of apical microleakage following canal filling with a coated carrier system compared with lateral and thermomechanical Gutta-Percha condensation techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The apical sealing ability of a coated carrier system was evaluated in extracted human teeth and compared with lateral and thermomechanical condensation techniques using dye penetration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four extracted single-rooted teeth were instrumented to an apical size 30 using 4% taper Hero 642 trade mark instruments (Micromega, Besançon, France). The sample was divided into three experimental groups. Twenty teeth were randomly obturated with lateral condensation, 20 with thermomechanical compaction and 20 teeth with the Herofill trade mark Soft-Core system. Four teeth were used as positive and negative controls. The teeth were covered with nail varnish up to 2 mm from the apical foramen and immersed in a 2% aqueous methylene blue dye solution for 1 week and then washed, dehydrated and embedded in resin. The apical 1 mm of each tooth was removed to reveal the apical limit of the preparation. Transverse sections of the teeth were taken at 500, 1000 and 1500 micro m from this point and evaluated for apical leakage. Significant differences between the preparations were analysed with a semiautomatic analyser and the ratio of the dye-penetrated surface to the total dentinal surface was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis of the results demonstrated significantly less leakage for the Herofill trade mark Soft-Core system compared to lateral condensation in terms of total mean dentinal surface and at the 500 micro m level. No other differences were noted between Herofill trade mark Soft-Core and thermomechanical or lateral condensation, either for the total mean value or at each level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Herofill trade mark Soft-Core system was a reliable obturation system in the apical portion and compared favourably with other gutta-percha filling techniques.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire du Développement des Tissus Dentaires, Department of Oral Biology, University Lyon1, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boussetta
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romeas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boivin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Magloire
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Farge
mesh_terms: D004396:Coloring Agents; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification*; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000473:pathology; D003804:Dentin / Q000473:pathology; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008751:Methylene Blue; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019227:Tooth Apex / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D008751:Methylene Blue