title: Genetic variability of porcine parvovirus isolates revealed by analysis of partial sequences of the structural coding gene VP2.
abstract: The 3'-terminal 853 nt (and the putative 283 aa) sequence of the VP2-encoding gene from 29 field strains of porcine parvovirus (PPV) were determined and compared both to each other and with other published sequences. Sequences were examined using maximum-parsimony and statistical analyses for nucleotide diversity and sequence variability. Among the nucleotide sequences of the PPV field strains, 26 polymorphic sites were encountered; 22 polymorphic sites were detected in the putative amino acid sequence. Mapping polymorphic sites of protein data onto the three-dimensional (3D) structure of PPV VP2 revealed that almost all substitutions were located on the external surface of the viral capsid. Mapping amino acid substitutions to the alignment between PPV VP2 sequences and the 3D structure of canine parvovirus (CPV) capsid, many PPV substitutions were observed to map to regions of recognized antigenicity and/or to contain phenotypically important residues for CPV and other parvoviruses. In spite of the high sequence similarity, genetic analysis has shown the existence of at least two virus lineages among the samples. In conclusion, these results highlight the need for close surveillance on PPV genetic drift, with an assessment of its potential ability to modify the antigenic make-up of the virus.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Professor Dr Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 CEP 05508-900 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Martins
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Professor Dr Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 CEP 05508-900 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortez
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Agronomia e Medicina Veterinária, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília-DF, Brazil.
authors.forename: Marcos Bryan
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Heinemann
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sidnei Myioshi
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista campus Rio Claro-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vanderlei Geraldo
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais, Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Estadual Paulista campus Rio Claro-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maurício
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bacci
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Ictiogenética, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Flora Maria
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: de Campos Fernandes
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia da Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Professor Dr Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87 CEP 05508-900 Cidade Universitária, São Paulo-SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo José
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Richtzenhain
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001938:Brazil; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005814:Genes, Viral; D040961:Genetic Drift; D014644:Genetic Variation; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D028323:Parvovirus, Porcine / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D034421:Sus scrofa; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins