title: Long-term effectiveness of risperidone and olanzapine in resistant or intolerant schizophrenic patients. A mirror study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term effectiveness of the second generation antipsychotics, risperidone and olanzapine on hospitalization, clinical response, and adherence to therapy after switching from conventional antipsychotics or clozapine in a naturalistic setting of schizophrenic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were registered for periods of identical duration before and after switching.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-seven patients were included. Mean study period was 3.1 +/- 0.2 years. Mean number of in-patient days after switching declined by 78% of the level before switching (P=0.0002). There was no significant differences in ratio responders/non-responders between the subgroups. The number of patients with extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) was significantly reduced after switching. However, intolerable weight gain led to a lack of adherence to therapy in 18% of the olanzapine-treated patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term treatment with the second generation antipsychotics, risperidone and olanzapine significantly improved the clinical outcome. However, weight gain may be a significant reason for discontinuation of treatment and reducing the long-term adherence to therapy.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatric Department O, Psychiatric Clinic, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. bsoeholm@dadlnet.uk
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Søholm
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lublin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018967:Risperidone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010890:Pirenzepine; D018967:Risperidone; D018490:Serotonin Agents; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors