title: Efficacy of cervical endplay assessment as an indicator for spinal manipulation.
abstract: METHODS
  Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of manual endplay assessment on neck pain and stiffness outcomes in neck pain patients receiving spinal manipulation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  There have been no studies on the efficacy of palpation used as an indicator for manipulation in the management of back and neck pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neck pain patients (n = 104) were randomly assigned to two groups. The study group received manipulation targeted to individual cervical vertebrae according to endplay restriction noted by the examining clinician. The control group received manipulation determined by sham, computer-generated examination findings; endplay examination was ignored and served as a placebo assessment. Treatment was rendered on a single occasion by a chiropractor. Outcomes were neck pain and stiffness assessed before and after manipulation and at least 5 hours following treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study and control groups showed clinically important improvement in neck pain and stiffness. However, there were no clinically important or statistically significant differences between the study and control groups in terms of pain or stiffness outcomes. Findings were robust across patient, complaint, and treatment characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endplay assessment in and of itself did not contribute to the same-day pain and stiffness relief observed in neck pain patients receiving spinal manipulation. The impact on a longer course of treatment remains to be investigated. The data suggest that pain modulation may not be limited to mechanisms associated with manipulation of putative motion restrictions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Research, Western States Chiropractic College, Portland, Oregon 97230, USA. mhaas@wschiro.edu
authors.forename: Mitchell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Elyse
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Groupp
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Panzer
authors.forename: Lester
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Partna
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lumsden
authors.forename: Mikel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aickin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000503:physiopathology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020393:Manipulation, Spinal / Q000009:adverse effects; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010173:Palpation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D018401:Sample Size; D016896:Treatment Outcome