title: Secondary myelodysplastic syndrome after treatment for promyelocytic leukemia: clinical and genetic features of two cases.
abstract: Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) represents a biologic and clinically well-defined subtype of acute nonlymphocytic leukemia with specific morphologic and karyotypic characteristics. Although secondary leukemia and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are the most frequent secondary neoplasms following chemotherapy for acute leukemia, their development after complete remission in patients with APL is uncommon. We describe the clinical and genetic features of two APL patients who achieved CR after chemotherapy and all-trans retinoid acid treatment and subsequently developed a MDS. Therapy-related MDS karyotype changes such as abnormalities of chromosomes 5 and 7 were found in the cytogenetic analysis. Since TP53 alteration was detected in one case, possible implications of these findings in the onset of MDS are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, University Clinic of Navarra, University of Navarra, Navarra, Spain. cpanizo@unav.es
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Panizo
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patiño
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lecumberri
authors.forename: María José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Calasanz
authors.forename: María Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Odero
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bendandi
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rocha
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D005260:Female; D016161:Genes, Retinoblastoma / Q000235:genetics; D019942:Genes, p16; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology