title: Training and detraining effects of a combined-strength and aerobic exercise program on blood lipids in patients with coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate training and detraining effects on blood lipids and apolipoproteins induced by a specific program that combined strength and aerobic exercise in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).
  
  
  METHODS
  For this study, 14 patients participated in a supervised 8-month training program composed of two strength sessions (60% of 1 repetition maximum) and two aerobic training sessions (60%-85% of maximum heart rate), and 13 patients served as a control group. Blood samples for total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoproteins A1 (apo-A1) and B (apo-B), and lipoprotein (a) (Lp[a]) were obtained along with muscular strength at the beginning of the study, after 4 and 8 months of training and after 3 months of detraining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients in the intervention group showed favorable alterations after 8 months of training (TC, -9.4; TG, -18.6; HDL-C, 5.2; apo-A1, 11.2%; P <.05), but these were reversed after 3 months of detraining (TC, +3.7; TG, 16.1; HDL-C, -3.6; apo-A1, -5.5%). In addition, body strength also improved after training (27.8%) but reversed (-12.9%) after detraining (P <.05). The patients in the control group did not experience any significant alterations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that an 8-month training program combining strength and aerobic exercise induces favorable muscular and biochemical adaptations, on TC, TG, HDL-C, and apo-A1 levels, protecting patients with CAD. After 3 months of detraining, however, the favorable adaptations were reversed, underscoring the need of uninterrupted exercise throughout life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, Komotini 69100, Greece. stokmaki@phyed.duth.gr
authors.forename: Savvas P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Tokmakidis
authors.forename: Konstantinos A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Volaklis
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D001823:Body Composition; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001053:Apolipoproteins; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol