title: Heterozygosity or homozygosity for 2 HLA class II haplotypes predict favorable outcomes for renal cell carcinoma treated with cytokine therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Durable responses to cytokine therapy occur in a small subset of patients with renal cell carcinoma. We determined if a common HLA genotype existed among these patients which might be associated with response and survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 80 patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma who had received cytokine therapy. DNA obtained from these patients was used for high resolution typing of HLA A, B, C, DRB1, DQA1 and DQB1 alleles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The class II alleles from patients with prolonged disease-free survival were predominantly composed of haplotype DRB1*0301/DQA1*0501/DQB1*0201 and DRB1*1501/DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602. The frequency of heterozygosity or homozygosity for these alleles was significantly greater in the good outcome group of patients than in those whose disease progressed during therapy. Heterozygosity or homozygosity at these loci was also associated with significant prolongation of survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that heterozygosity or homozygosity for the class II haplotypes DRB1*0301/DQA1*0501/DQB1*0201 and DRB1*1501/DQA1*0102/DQB1*0602 is associated with durable response and survival in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma treated with cytokine therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioimmunotherapy, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ellerhorst
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hildebrand
authors.forename: Joshua W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Cavett
authors.forename: Marcelo A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Vina
authors.forename: Sherie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Poindexter
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Grimm
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006239:Haplotypes; D006579:Heterozygote; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics*; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007372:Interferons / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007372:Interferons