title: Effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization on apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of preoperative transcatheter arterial chemoembolization(TACE) on apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 136 patients with HCC underwent liver resection. One to five courses of TACE prior to liver resection were performed in 79 patients (TACE group), in which one to four courses of chemotherapy alone were performed in 11 patients (group A), one to five courses of chemotherapy combined with iodized oil were performed in 33 patients (group B), one to three courses of chemotherapy combined with iodized oil and gelatin sponge were performed in 23 patients group C) and one to three courses of chemotherapy combined with iodized oil, ethanol and gelatin sponge were performed in 12 patients (group D). The other 57 patients only received liver resection (non-TACE group). The extent of apoptosis was analyzed by transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining. The expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax protein were detected by immunohistochemical method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The apoptotic index(AI) and level of Bax protein in HCC cells were significantly higher in groups A, B, C and D than those in the non-TACE group (P < 0.05). The level of Bcl-2 protein and ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax protein of HCC cells were significantly lower in Groups A, B, C and D than those in the non-TACE group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative TACE regimens may enhance apoptosis of HCC cells by up-regulating the expression of Bax protein and down-regulating the expression of Bcl-2 protein and ratio of Bcl-2 to Bax protein expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China. xiaogdk@sohu.com
authors.forename: Enhua
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Detai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shubin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Shunke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yunhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jianguang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Yuzhi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Changlian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007459:Iodized Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D000431:Ethanol; D007459:Iodized Oil