title: S1P3 receptors mediate the potent constriction of cerebral arteries by sphingosine-1-phosphate.
abstract: We characterized the effect of Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) on vascular tone. S1P selectively constricted isolated cerebral, but not peripheral arteries, despite ubiquitous expression of S1P(1), S1P(2), S1P(3) and S1P(5) receptor mRNA. Clostridium B and C3 toxins and the rho-kinase inhibitor Y27632 (trans-N-(4-pyridyl)-4-(l-aminoethyl)-cyclohexane carboxamide) reduced this vasoconstriction to S1P, indicating that the response was mediated through Rho. Pertussis toxin displayed only weak inhibition, suggesting minor involvement of G(i/o) protein. The S1P effect was specifically reduced by adenovirus bearing a s1p(3) but not s1p(2), antisense construct. Furthermore, suramin, which selectively blocks S1P(3) receptors, inhibited the vasoconstrictor effect of S1P, indicating that S1P(3) receptors account for at least part of S1P-mediated vasoconstriction in cerebral arteries. In vivo, intracarotid injection of S1P decreased cerebral blood flow, an effect prevented by suramin treatment. Because S1P constricts cerebral blood vessels and is released from platelets during clotting, the S1P/S1P(3) system constitutes a novel potential target for cerebrovascular disease therapy.
authors.affiliation: Stroke and Neurovascular Regulation Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, CNY 149 13th Street, Room 6403, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salomone
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Reuter
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: Sunu S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moskowitz
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Waeber
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013498:Suramin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008246:Lysophospholipids; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D013498:Suramin; D013110:Sphingosine