title: Bioavailability of oral vs intramuscular iodinated oil (Lipiodol UF) in healthy subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In order to fight against iodine deficiency, the essential cause of endemic goiter and cretinism, several health organizations promoted campaigns of iodinated oil (Lipiodol UF) administration using iodinated oil administered intramuscularly. However, it seems preferable to administer iodinated oil orally, as this is more appropriate and since the efficacy of this route has been demonstrated as well as for intramuscular route by controlled clinical trials.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the bioavailability of iodinated oil (Lipiodol UF) administered via two different administration routes and the safety profile of this agent.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized bioavailability study was performed comparing a single oral dose of 3 capsules (570 mg of iodine) vs a single intramuscular injection of 1 ml of Lipiodol UF (480 mg of iodine) in 36 healthy subjects followed for 9 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results show that, at these dosages, the 24 h urinary iodine values are above baseline for both oral and intramuscular administrations (im: >12 months/oral: 6 months) for prolonged period of time. In terms of safety, Lipiodol, administered by im injection or orally, did not induce any undesirable effects or any alteration of thyroid function tests in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, this study shows that im or oral administration of a single dose of Lipiodol provides a significant and prolonged iodine supplement. The results obtained confirm the possibility of protection of exposed populations after annual administration of an appropriate single oral dose, without inducing any clinical or laboratory adverse effects. The product, by either route of administration, has a prolonged efficacy in iodine-deficient subjects (im: 2-3 years/oral: 1 year).
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Toxicologie et de Pharmacologie Clinique, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leverge
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Simoneau
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tillet
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bonnemain
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001682:Biological Availability; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007455:Iodine / Q000652:urine; D007459:Iodized Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012016:Reference Values; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D007459:Iodized Oil; D007455:Iodine