title: Ocular and visual defects amongst people with intellectual disabilities participating in Special Olympics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse data from vision screening of people with intellectual disabilities from the UK participating in Special Olympics during the National Summer Games in Cardiff 2001, in order to determine visual status and access to eye care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Athletes were invited to take part in vision screening, according to Special Olympics protocols.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Testability rates were high. Findings confirmed the high prevalence of eye and vision defects reported in other studies of people with intellectual disabilities. In particular, visual acuity was below normal for most athletes. Significant improvement to acuity could be achieved with spectacles although correction after full refraction did not always provide normal vision. Over 40% of athletes undergoing full refraction had below normal corrected acuity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Athletes with intellectual disabilities were no more likely to access eye care and have adequate spectacle correction than other people with intellectual disabilities. Optometrists and carers need to be aware of the high prevalence of defects and the importance of regular eye examinations in people with intellectual disabilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Optometry & Vision Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3NB, UK.
authors.forename: J Margaret
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Woodhouse
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duignan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019989:Persons with Intellectual Disabilities; D012030:Refractive Errors; D013177:Sports; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014787:Vision Tests; D014792:Visual Acuity