title: [Early diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism after total joint replacement: report of five cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the early diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism (PE) after total joint replacement (TJR).
  
  
  METHODS
  >From April 1987 to December 2001, we performed 1,336 total knee replacements (TKR(s)) in 926 patients and 1,745 total hip replacements (THR(s)) in 1,566 patients. In this group there were 5 PE patients after operation. Two patients died (all after TKR), and 3 patients salvaged successfully (2 after TKR, 1 after THR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total incidence of PE after TJR was 0.2% (5/2,492), the incidence of PE after TKR was 0.4% (4/926), and the incidence of PE after THR was 0.06% (1/1,556). In the patients who suffered PE, 2 died. The incidence of PE before 2000 was 0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Death after total joint replacement is due to pulmonary embolism (PE), especially massive PE. The incidence of PE after TKR is higher than that after THR. Pulmonary angiography is the gold standard for the diagnosis of PE. With more understanding on PE and more popularity of joint replacement, the diagnosis of PE after TJR is increased. More attention should be paid to PE in the patients with high risk after TJR.
authors.affiliation: Arthritis Clinic and Research Center, People's Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100044, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-peng
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Hou-shan
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tie-zheng
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Bo-long
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Kou
authors.forename: Yan-lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy