title: Clinicopathological characteristics of superficial spreading type early gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Superficial spreading type early gastric cancer is characterized by its atypical growth pattern and occasionally indistinct tumor margin. Because it is a rare form of early gastric cancer, the clinicopathological details are not apparent. The aim of this study was to clarify the clinicopathological features of the superficial spreading type of early gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted in 1,062 surgically resected patients with early gastric cancer. Hospital records were compared between patients with superficial spreading type early gastric cancer and those with more common types of early gastric cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty-nine patients (6.9%) had superficial spreading lesions. The male to female ratio was 1.2:1. The most frequent histological type was signet-ring cell carcinoma (32%). The distinguishing histopathological features were submucosal invasion (67%), lymphatic invasion (32%), and lymph node metastasis (30%). There were discrepancies in tumor area between surgical findings and pathological diagnosis in 24 patients (35%) with superficial spreading type. More extensive lymph node dissection was performed and all patients survived in the group with superficial spreading lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most appropriate treatment for the superficial spreading type of early gastric cancer is wide surgical resection with extensive lymph node dissection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Sapporo Kosei General Hospital, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Yukifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osawa
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishizu
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuko
authors.forename: Tsunetake
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Kazuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kina
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Gentaro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hino
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016019:Survival Analysis