title: TagA, a putative serine protease/ABC transporter of Dictyostelium that is required for cell fate determination at the onset of development.
abstract: The tag genes of Dictyostelium are predicted to encode multi-domain proteins consisting of serine protease and ATP-binding cassette transporter domains. We have identified a novel tag gene, tagA, which is involved in cell type differentiation. The tagA mRNA accumulates during the first four hours of development, whereas TagA protein accumulates between two and ten hours of development and decreases thereafter. Wild-type cells express tagA in prespore cells and mature spores, defining tagA expression as prespore specific. However, tagA mutant cells that activate the tagA promoter do not sporulate, but instead form part of the outer basal disc and lower cup of the fruiting body. tagA mutant aggregates elaborate multiple prestalk cell regions during development and produce spores asynchronously and with low viability. tagA mutants produce about twice as many prestalk cells as the wild type as judged by a prestalk cell reporter construct. When mixed with wild-type cells, tagA(-) cells become overrepresented in the prestalk cell population, suggesting that this phenotype is cell-autonomous. These results suggest that TagA is required for the specification of an initial population of prespore cells in which tagA is expressed. Expression profiling uncovered a delay in the transcriptional program between 2 and 6 hours, coincident with TagA expression, revealing an early function for TagA. TagA also appears to play a general role in cell fate determination since tagA mutants express a spore coat protein gene (cotB) within vacuolated cells that form part of the stalk and they express a prestalk/stalk-specific gene (ecmB) within cells that become spores. The expression of TagA at two hours of development, the observed coincident delay in the transcriptional program and the subsequent mis-expression of cell-type specific genes provide evidence for cell fate determination beginning in some cells much earlier than previously believed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: J Randall
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Good
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.forename: Sujata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Van Driessche
authors.forename: Chad A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Gad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shaulsky
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuspa
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases