title: Interferon-alpha receptor-1 (IFNAR1) variants are associated with protection against cerebral malaria in the Gambia.
abstract: The chromosome 21q22.11 cytokine receptor cluster contains four genes that encode subunits of the receptors for the cytokines interleukin-10 and interferon-alpha, -beta and -gamma that may have a role in malaria pathogenesis. A total of 15 polymorphic markers located within these genes were initially genotyped in 190 controls and 190 severe malaria cases from The Gambia. Two interferon-alpha receptor-1 (IFNAR1) gene SNPs (17470 and L168 V) showed evidence for an association with severe malaria phenotypes and were typed in a larger series of samples comprising 538 severe malaria cases, 338 mild malaria cases and 562 controls. Both the 17470-G/G and L168V-G/G genotypes were associated with protection against severe malaria, in general, and cerebral malaria, in particular (P=0.004 and 0.003, respectively). IFNAR1 diplotypes were then constructed for these two markers using the PHASE software package. The (17470-G L168V-G/17470-G L168V-G) diplotype was found to be associated with a reduced risk of cerebral malaria and the (17470-C L168V-C/17470-G L168V-G) diplotype with an increased risk of cerebral malaria (overall 3 x 2 chi(2)=12.8, d.f.=2, P=0.002 and 3 x 2 chi(2)=15.2, d.f.=2, P=0.0005, respectively). These data suggest a role for the type I interferon pathway in resistance to cerebral malaria.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Henry Wellcome Building of Genomic Medicine, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK. aucan@well.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aucan
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Walley
authors.forename: B J W
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Hennig
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fitness
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frodsham
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kwiatkowski
authors.forename: A V S
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005714:Gambia / Q000453:epidemiology; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D007223:Infant; D016779:Malaria, Cerebral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; C507964:IFNAR1 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta