title: [Follow-up observation on relapse of smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis after short-course chemotherapy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of the tuberculosis (TB) control project supported by WPRO/WHO in Jiangsu province, China, and to analyze the factors associated with relapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  All registered patients with smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis which were diagnosed and cured in the project, were examined for bacteriological relapse after 2 to 3 years. The relationships among relapse rate, bacterial load and the time of sputum negative conversion were analyzed by historical cohort study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty seven cases of 1,730 patients who were followed for 2 - 3 years were found smear positive, the relapse rate being 3.29%. The relapse rates in patients whose sputum became negative within two months, within three months and beyond three months after the start of therapy were 2.1%, 5.3% and 8.8% (P < 0.01), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term result of the TB control project in Jiangsu was good. The relapse rates in patients whose sputum converted negative within three months and beyond three months after the start of therapy were significantly higher than that in patients whose sputum converted negative within two months.
authors.affiliation: Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing 210009, China.
authors.forename: Wei-guo
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Ben-da
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011718:Pyrazinamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012008:Recurrence; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology*; D013307:Streptomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D011718:Pyrazinamide; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin; D013307:Streptomycin