title: Regulatory strategies to reduce tobacco addiction in youth.
abstract: Preventing tobacco addiction and achieving cessation in established users are the cornerstones of efforts to reduce tobacco use and disease. It has been increasingly recognised that reducing tobacco toxin exposure has theoretical potential to reduce disease in continuing tobacco users. This has been controversial because such approaches also carry the potential to undermine prevention and cessation. As complicated as harm reduction issues are for adults, they are still more complicated for youth. Harm reduction is not a singular approach, but rather a concept that encompasses an extremely diverse array of potential approaches. These carry equally diverse potential risks and benefits. The regulatory framework (for example, whether or not the Food and Drug Administration regulates the approach) is also predicted to be a major factor in determining the consequences of harm reduction approaches. This paper examines the various issues and potential approaches concerning the application of harm reduction to youth. We conclude that although some carry great risk, others may actually support broader tobacco control efforts to prevent tobacco use and foster cessation in youth and adults.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Pinney Associates, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. jhenning@pinneyassociates.com
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Henningfield
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Moolchan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000639:trends; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000009:adverse effects; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000009:adverse effects; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D014118:Toxins, Biological; D009538:Nicotine