title: Does oral contraceptive use affect the incidence of complications after extraction of a mandibular third molar?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated whether oral contraceptive use affects the incidence of complications (pain, trismus, dry socket) in women undergoing removal of impacted mandibular third molars.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and sixty seven women, aged 17 - 45 years, underwent removal of an impacted mandibular third molar. Eighty seven of the women were regular users of oral contraceptives. All patients were evaluated for postoperative pain, trismus and dry socket (localized alveolar osteitis).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean trismus values (measured as maximum interincisal distance) were similar in the two groups of patients. Postoperative pain was significantly more frequent among women taking contraceptives, both on day 1 (30% of women taking contraceptives used analgesics, versus 11% of women not taking contraceptives, p < 0.001) and on day 5 (14% versus 5%, p = 0.024). Similarly, dry socket occurred more frequently among women taking contraceptives than among women not taking contraceptives (11% versus 4%, p = 0.017).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study support the view that oral contraceptive use favours the appearance of dry socket and postoperative pain after extraction, but has no effect on trismus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain. ciabelgg@uscmail.usc.es
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Grana
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Sampedro
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Diago
authors.forename: J M G
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015897:Comorbidity; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004368:Dry Socket / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000601:surgery; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014313:Trismus / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral