title: A kinetic model for the glucose-fructose-glycine browning reaction.
abstract: The browning of glucose-fructose-glycine mixtures involves parallel glucose-glycine and fructose-glycine reactions, which share a common intermediate, the immediate precursor of melanoidins in the kinetic model. At pH 5.5, 55 degrees C glucose is converted into this intermediate in a two step process where k(1) = (7.8 +/- 1.1) x 10(-)(4) mol L(-)(1) h(-)(1) and k(2) = (1.84 +/- 0.31) x 10(-)(3) h(-)(1) according to established kinetics, whereas fructose is converted into this intermediate in a single step where k(4) = 5.32 x 10(-)(5)()()mol L(-)(1) h(-)(1). The intermediate is converted to melanoidins in a single rate limiting process where k(mix) = 0.0177 h(-)(1) and the molar extinction coefficient (based on the concentration of sugar converted) of the melanoidins so formed is 1073 +/- 4 mol(-)(1) L cm(-)(1). Whereas the value of k(mix) is the same when the individual sugars undergo browning, the value of the molar extinction coefficient is similar to that for melanoidins from the glucose-glycine reaction (955 +/- 45 mol(-)(1) L cm(-)(1)) but it is approximately double the value for melanoidins from the fructose-glycine reaction (478 +/- 18 mol(-)(1) L cm(-)(1)). This is the reason that the effects of glucose and fructose on the rate of browning are synergistic.
authors.affiliation: Procter Department of Food Science, University of Leeds, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mundt
authors.forename: Bronislaw L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Wedzicha
mesh_terms: D005632:Fructose / Q000737:chemistry*; D005947:Glucose / Q000737:chemistry*; D005998:Glycine / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D015416:Maillard Reaction; D011108:Polymers / Q000032:analysis; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; C011908:melanoidin polymers; D005632:Fructose; D005947:Glucose; D005998:Glycine