title: Longterm control of advanced and recurrent gastric cancer (ARGC) by S-1.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An oral tegafur compound, S-1 (TS-1), was developed to potentiate antitumor activity and to reduce gastrointestinal toxicities for patients with gastric cancer. It has achieved a high response rate against advanced and recurrent gastric cancer (ARGC) in Japan; however, the efficacy and adverse reactions of longterm administration of S-1 remain to be elucidated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-nine patients with ARGC treated with S-1 were studied; 58 patients had measurable lesions, while 11 patients did not. S-1 was orally administered at doses of between 40 and 60 mg/body twice daily for 28 days, followed by 14 days' rest, as one course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall response rate was 38% (complete response [CR], 2/58; partial response [PR], 25/58; stable disease [SD], 9/58 progressive disease [PD] 23/58). Response rate by target organ was 40% for the primary lesion, 45% for lymph node metastasis, 38% for peritoneal metastasis, and 25% for liver metastasis. When S-1 was administered as second-line chemotherapy (n = 25), the response rate was 36%. Of the 69 patients, 14 received S-1 for more than a year. The median survival time (MST) after S-1 administration in these 14 patients, including 3 patients with stable disease, was 918 days (range, 536 to 1107 days). There were no grade 3 to 4 toxicities in these 14 patients receiving longterm therapy with S-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S-1 therapy was performed with a high response rate, irrespective of the target organ or the presence of prior chemotherapy. Longterm administration of S-1 may benefit patients with ARGC, providing prolonged disease control with acceptable toxicities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, 1-1-2 Nakao, Asahi-ku, Yokohama 241-0815, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsuburaya
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Motonori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sairenji
authors.forename: Hisahiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Motohashi
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D010094:Oxonic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000556:secondary; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D016019:Survival Analysis; D005641:Tegafur / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013995:Time; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011725:Pyridines; C079198:S 1 (combination); D005641:Tegafur; D010094:Oxonic Acid