Retrospective analysis of canine miniature total hip prostheses.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the practicality and clinical outcome of miniature total hip replacement (THR) in dogs.


METHODS
Retrospective study. Sample Population- Seventeen client-owned dogs that had miniature THR.


METHODS
Patient data surveyed included signalment, body weight, diagnosis, implant size, surgical technique, and intraoperative and postoperative complications. Radiographic evaluation included angle of lateral opening of the acetabular component, implant positioning, cement mantle quality, and femoral displacement measurement and ratio. Client questionnaire and orthopedic examination were used to obtain long-term follow-up information.


RESULTS
Miniature THR was performed to address hip dysplasia and secondary osteoarthritis. In 1 dog, a staged bilateral procedure was performed. Mean body weight was 19 kg (range, 12 to 25 kg). Penetration or fissure of the femoral cortex was the most common intraoperative complication and occurred in 3 dogs. In 3 dogs, there was excessive coxofemoral laxity after reduction of the prosthesis. This instability was addressed specifically in 2 dogs by capsulorrhaphy or capsular prosthesis. Postoperative convalescent complications (craniodorsal luxation, 2 dogs; acetabular cup displacement, 1 dog) were related to surgical errors. Aseptic loosening of the femoral implant was diagnosed in 1 dog at 18 months. Mean follow-up time was 17 months (range, 4 to 42 months). Fifteen of 18 (83%) miniature THRs had good or excellent outcomes.


CONCLUSIONS
Miniature THR should be considered a satisfactory alternative to femoral head and neck ostectomy in medium-size dogs affected by hip dysplasia and secondary osteoarthritis. The population of medium-size dogs that might derive more benefit from THR than FHO has yet to be defined.


CONCLUSIONS
Miniature THR is a viable treatment option in medium-size dogs with hip dysplasia.
Warnock
Jennifer J
JJ
Department of Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Dyce
Jonathan
J
Pooya
Hooman
H
Schulz
Kurt S
KS
D000818:Animals; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000662:veterinary*; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D004285:Dogs; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006619:Hip Dysplasia, Canine / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006622:Hip Prosthesis / Q000662:veterinary*; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011859:Radiography; D011996:Records / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014768:Virginia / Q000453:epidemiology