title: Equally unequal: gender discrimination in the workplace among adults with mental retardation.
abstract: Gender discrimination in the work place has been widely reported. Women are usually discriminated against both with respect to level of occupation and salary. The current study explored the correlation between gender and employment among adults with mental retardation, specifically, whether gender discrimination in the work place is as prominent among people with mental retardation as in the general population. Level of occupation and salary earned were studied in 227 adults with mild and moderate mental retardation residing in institutions, hostels, and sheltered homes in Israel. The findings suggest a correlation between gender and employment similar to that in the general population. Women were found to be employed mainly in sheltered workshops and lower levels of occupation, and to earn significantly less than the men. However, closer examination of each work place revealed that within each level of occupation there were no significant gender differences in salary. The finding suggests that while women with mental retardation earn lower salaries than men, this is mainly the result of their lower level of occupation. Rehabilitation efforts should therefore be directed toward ensuring higher levels of occupation as well as community employment among women with mental retardation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
authors.forename: Elona
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Julius
authors.forename: Hagit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wolfson
authors.forename: Shira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yalon-Chamovitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011287:Prejudice; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D017132:Workplace