title: Low-cost antibiotic loaded systems for developing countries.
abstract: Treatment of osteomyelitis with local antibiotic delivery systems has become a common practice in orthopaedic surgery. This study attempted to show that locally produced pure or bioglass reinforced plaster of Paris, hydroxyapatite and sodium alginate are promising biomaterials and mainly because of economical reasons and availability, may be an alternative in clinical practice, especially for developing countries. A total of 32 rabbits were divided into four groups (n:8). In group A, sodium alginate + cephazoline; in group B, plaster of Paris + bioglass + cephazoline; in group C, plaster of Paris + hydroxyapatite + cephazoline and in group D, plaster of Paris + cephazoline were used. The blood serum cephazoline concentrations were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography on days 1 to 10 everyday and then at days 13, 17, 18, 24, 25 and 30. The mean values +/- standard deviations and median values of blood serum antibiotic concentrations for groups A, B, C and D were 1.45 +/- 0.40 (1.42) mcg/ml, 1.53 +/- 0.64 (1.31) mcg/ml, 1.92 +/- 0.39 mcg/ml (1.90) and 1.41 +/- 0.65 (1.25) mcg/ml, respectively. The detected antibiotic level was constantly over the minimum inhibitory concentration for Staphylococcus aureus. In conclusion, it can be stated that these materials are promising as a antibiotic delivery system even with simple production methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Suleyman Demirel University School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey. heybelin@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Nurettin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Heybeli
authors.forename: Faik Nuzhet
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Oktar
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozyazgan
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Akkan
authors.forename: Serhat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozsoy
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000191:economics; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000191:economics; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000191:economics; D002437:Cefazolin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000191:economics; D002516:Ceramics / Q000191:economics; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003906:Developing Countries; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000191:economics*; D004343:Drug Implants; D017886:Durapatite / Q000191:economics; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000191:economics; D011817:Rabbits; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C022107:Bioglass; D004343:Drug Implants; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D017886:Durapatite; D002437:Cefazolin; D002133:Calcium Sulfate