title: Isolation of null alleles of the Caenorhabditis elegans gly-12, gly-13 and gly-14 genes, all of which encode UDP-GlcNAc: alpha-3-D-mannoside beta1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I activity.
abstract: UDP-GlcNAc: alpha-3-D-mannoside beta1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnT I) is a Golgi-resident enzyme which transfers a GlcNAc residue in beta1,2 linkage to the Manalpha1,3Manbeta-terminus of (Manalpha1,6(Manalpha1,3)Manalpha1,6)(Manalpha1,3)Manbeta1,4GlcNAcbeta1,4GlcNAc-Asn-protein, thereby initiating the synthesis of hybrid N-glycans. Three Caenorhabditis elegans genes homologous to mammalian GnT I (designated gly-12, gly-13 and gly-14) have been cloned. All three cDNAs encode proteins with GnT I enzyme activity. We report in this paper the preparation by ultra-violet (UV) light irradiation in the presence of trimethylpsoralen, of mutants lacking either gly-12, gly-13 or gly-14. A double null mutation in the gly-12 and gly-14 genes (gly-14; gly-12) has also been prepared. These mutations are intragene deletions, removing large portions of the GnT I catalytic domain, and are therefore, all molecular nulls. The gly-12 and gly-14 mutants as well as the gly-14; gly-12 double mutant all displayed wild-type phenotypes, indicating that neither gly-12 nor gly-14 is necessary for worm development under standard laboratory conditions. In contrast, about 60% of the mutants lacking the gly-13 gene arrested as L1 larvae at 20 degrees C and the remaining 40% homozygous worms grew to adulthood but displayed severe morphological and behavioral defects despite the presence of the other two GnT I genes, gly-12 and gly-14. Attempts to rescue the gly-13 null phenotype with the wild type transgene were not successful. However, lethality co-segregated with the gly-13 deletion within 0.02 map units (mu) in genetic mapping experiments, suggesting that the gly-13 mutation is responsible for the phenotype.
authors.affiliation: The Burnham Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Shihao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Spence
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schachter
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D017238:Genes, Helminth; D005804:Genes, Lethal; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth; D017351:N-Acetylglucosaminyltransferases; C024850:alpha-1,3-mannosyl-glycoprotein beta-1,2-N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I