title: Combination treatment with an alpha-blocker plus an anticholinergic for bladder outlet obstruction: a prospective, randomized, controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluate the effect of tolterodine combined with tamsulosin on quality of life in patients with bladder outlet obstruction and concomitant detrusor instability.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 50 consecutive patients with urodynamically proven mild or moderate bladder outlet obstruction and concomitant detrusor instability. All patients were initially treated with 0.4 mg. tamsulosin orally once a day. A week later the patients were randomly allocated into group 1-25 who continued treatment with tamsulosin only and, group 2-25 who also received 2 mg. tolterodine orally twice daily. Reevaluation with a quality of life questionnaire and urodynamic study was performed after 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients from group 2 stopped tolterodine while 1 patient from each group stopped tamsulosin because of hypotension. Analysis revealed statistically significant improvement in quality of life scores only in group 2 patients (mean score 525.0 and 628.4 before and after treatment, respectively, 2-sided t test p = 0.0003). A significant difference was noted in both groups after treatment for maximum flow rate and volume at first contraction. Additionally, in group 2, a statistically significant difference was observed for maximum detrusor pressure and maximum unstable contraction pressure after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combination treatment with an alpha-blocker (tamsulosin) plus an anticholinergic (tolterodine) improves quality of life in patients with bladder outlet obstruction and concomitant detrusor instability. Interestingly, no acute urinary retention was observed and tolterodine did not affect the quality of urine flow or residual urine volume. The proposed combination appears to be an effective and relatively safe treatment option in patients with bladder outlet obstruction and detrusor instability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Patras, School of Medicine, Patras, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Athanasopoulos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gyftopoulos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Giannitsas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fisfis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perimenis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barbalias
mesh_terms: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000368:Aged; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003408:Cresols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications; D011788:Quality of Life; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000077409:Tamsulosin; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D058668:Adrenergic alpha-1 Receptor Antagonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003408:Cresols; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D013449:Sulfonamides; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; D000077409:Tamsulosin