title: TNF-induced death of adult human oligodendrocytes is mediated by c-jun NH2-terminal kinase-3.
abstract: Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) induces death of oligodendrocytes, the putative cell target in multiple sclerosis. We defined that the intracellular transduction pathway involved in TNF-induced death of human adult oligodendrocytes (hOLs) is dependent on c-jun NH(2)-terminal kinase (JNK) activation, but not the other mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), p38. JNK activation, measured by c-jun phosphorylation and induction of the phosphorylated form of JNK, was enhanced, prolonged and correlated with cell death in hOLs exposed to TNF. Comparative autoradiographic analysis revealed that JNK-3, but not JNK-1 or JNK-2, is responsible for prolonged JNK activation in TNF exposed hOLs. Expression of a dominant-negative mutant of JNK upstream kinase, MKK4/SEK1, inhibited apoptosis induced by TNF, whereas expression of a constitutive active mutant of MEKK1, an upstream kinase to JNK, accelerates TNF-induced apoptosis. JNK activation occurred prior to changes of mitochondrial membrane potential in hOLs exposed to TNF. These results demonstrate that TNF-induced death in adult hOLs depends on prolonged JNK-3 activation, and that this apoptosis requires the mitochondrial dysfunction that occurs after JNK activation. This is the first evidence that a JNK-3 isoform is involved in oligodendrocyte death and might have significant importance in designing new molecules to protect hOLs demise in multiple sclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jurewicz
authors.forename: Mariola
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matysiak
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tybor
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Selmaj
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000502:physiology; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology; D048057:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 10; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010539:Permeability; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048057:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 10; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; C482576:MAP3K1 protein, human