title: Therapeutic effect of AdCMVCD/5-FC system and metabolism of 5-FC in the treatment of human tongue squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the therapeutic effect and metabolism of 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) in human tongue squamous carcinoma cells after treatment with adenovirus-mediated cytosine deaminase (AdCMVCD)/5-FC system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human tongue squamous carcinoma cells (Tca8113 cell line) and its xenografts in BALB/c nude mice were treated with AdCMVCD/5-FC system. The killing effect in vitro and bystander effect were detected by microculture tetrazolium (MTT) assay. Tumor inhibition effect and histopathological changes were observed in vivo. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was performed to determine the metabolism of 5-FC in vitro and in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AdCMVCD/5-FC system had strong killing effect and bystander effect on Tca8113 cells. Both condition media and cell extracts showed two peaks identified as 5-FC and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) by HPLC and a time-dependent generation of 5-FU and concomitant time-dependent decreases of 5-FC. Compared to the control groups, mice treated with AdCMVCD/5-FC system demonstrated significant tumor regression (P < 0.001); the tumor doubling time prolonged and inhibition rate was 92.62%. There were substantial tumor necrotic areas and infiltrative lymphocytes around necrotic areas in the AdCMVCD/5-FC treated group under light microscope. There was a significantly low concentration of 5-FC and high concentration of 5-FU in tumor tissue, but only 5-FC was found in blood.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AdCMVCD/5-FC suicide gene system had significant in vitro and in vivo anti-tumor effect on human tongue squamous cell carcinoma due to convert 5-FC into 5-FU.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Maxillofacial Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Anxun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongzhang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase; D005260:Female; D005437:Flucytosine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases / Q000235:genetics*; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D005437:Flucytosine; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase