title: Human UVA exposures estimated from ambient UVA measurements.
abstract: The methods presented in this paper allow for the estimation of human UVA exposure using measured UVA irradiance values. Using measured broadband UVA irradiances over the period of a year, it was estimated that for humans in an upright posture and not moving the head with respect to the body, the nose received 26.5% of the available ambient UVA radiation, whilst the shoulders and vertex of the head received 81% and 100% respectively of the available ambient UVA radiation. Measurement of the exposure ratios for a series of solar zenith angles between 90 degrees and 0 degrees will allow extension of this technique to other latitudes.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Astronomy, Solar Radiation and Climate, Faculty of Sciences, University of Southern Queensland, Toowoomba 4350, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kimlin
authors.forename: Alfio V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.forename: Nathan D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Downs
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D005145:Face / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays