title: Calicivirus enteritis in an intestinal transplant recipient.
abstract: Protracted diarrhea of uncertain etiology is a significant problem following intestinal transplantation. We report an infant who developed severe secretory diarrhea 178 days after intestinal transplantation that persisted for more than 120 days. Repeated allograft biopsies demonstrated only nonspecific inflammation. Enzyme immunoassay (for rotavirus), culture, and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction [calicivirus (Norwalk-like virus)] were used to identify the allograft viral infection. A heavy density of calicivirus RNA nucleotide sequences (genogroup II, strain Miami Beach) was isolated from the jejunal and ileal allograft. Following a reduction in immunosuppressive therapy, diarrhea and enteritis remitted in association with the disappearance of all calicivirus RNA sequences. Calicivirus may cause severe allograft dysfunction in intestinal transplant recipients.
authors.affiliation: Recanati/Miller Transplantation Institute, and Department of Pediatrics, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. stuart.kaufman@msnyuhealth.org
authors.forename: Stuart S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: Nando K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
authors.forename: Meghan E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fuschino
authors.forename: Margret S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Magid
authors.forename: Ronald E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Dale L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.forename: Betsy C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Herold
authors.forename: Neal S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: LeLeiko
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tschernia
authors.forename: Sander S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Florman
authors.forename: Gabriel E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Gondolesi
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Fishbein
mesh_terms: D017250:Caliciviridae Infections / Q000209:etiology*; D004751:Enteritis / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007422:Intestines / Q000637:transplantation*; D007579:Jejunal Diseases / Q000209:etiology*