title: [Expression of transforming growth factor-beta 1 matrix metalloproteinase-1 and its inhibitor in human middle ear cholesteatoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1), tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) and transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-beta 1) in human middle ear cholesteatoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of TGF-beta 1, MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in the cholesteatoma (41 cases) and the skin of external auditory meatus (15 cases).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percent of positive expression of TGF-beta 1, MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in cholesteatoma was 95.12%, 85.37% and 9.76%, respectively. There was significant difference of the expression of MMP-1 and TGF-beta 1 between cholesteatoma and external auditory meatus skin (P < 0.05). But there was no statistic significance for TIMP-1 (P > 0.05). There was correlation between the expression of TGF-beta 1 and MMP-1, but no correlation between TGF-beta 1 and TIMP-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The imbalance between the expression of MMP-1 and TIMP-1 in cholesteatoma may cause directly proteolytic activity involved in pathologic osteolytic mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, First Affiliated Hospital, Shanxi Medical College, Taiyuan 030001, China. yxr519@sohu.com
authors.forename: Xiangru
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Liping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qinna
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Binquan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1