title: Detection of segmental internal fat by bioelectrical impedance analysis in a biological phantom.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Quantification of internal adipose tissue such as visceral adipose tissue currently relies on expensive, cross-sectional imaging modalities. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that surface impedance, determined by bioimpedance analysis, might be used to predict regional internal fat content change in a phantom model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fresh hollowed-out cucumbers were used as cylindrical biological phantoms to test this hypothesis. After removal of the seeds, the cucumbers were filled with normal saline, mixture of saline and corn oil, or porcine adipose tissue bathed in saline. Surface resistance and reactance were measured with a bioimpedance analyzer accurate to 0.1 Omega (Quantum 10X, RJL Systems), and impedance was calculated. A linear regression model was used to interpret the association between composition and impedance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surface impedance varied linearly with changes in the relative internal corn oil portions (r- = 0.98). A similar relation was noted with porcine adipose tissue bathed in saline (r(2) = 0.95) regardless of the specific position of adipose tissue within the cucumber.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surface impedance measured by bioimpedance analysis can detect variations in fat content in the interior of a cylindrical phantom.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, 1111 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, NY 10025, USA.
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ellen S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Engelson
authors.forename: Donald P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Kotler
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000818:Animals; D001823:Body Composition; D003314:Corn Oil; D018553:Cucumis sativus; D017097:Electric Impedance; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013552:Swine; D014781:Viscera
chemical_list: D003314:Corn Oil