title: Intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin therapy for stage T1 grade 3 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder: recurrence, progression and survival in a study of 57 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Stage T1 grade 3 transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder is associated with a high risk of tumor recurrence and progression. We report our experience with stage T1 grade 3 bladder tumors treated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) therapy in the last 10 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the outcome in 57 consecutive patients treated with intravesical BCG for stage T1 grade 3 bladder cancer between 1991 and 2001. After initial transurethral resection all patients received a 6-week course of BCG therapy consisting of 1 instillation weekly. All patients underwent systematic biopsies at the end of the first BCG course. Patients with negative biopsies received maintenance BCG therapy, consisting of intravesical instillations each week for 3 weeks given 3, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months after the first course. Patients with residual tumor received a second course of 6 weekly instillations. Time to tumor recurrence and progression, and the rate of patient survival were retrospectively analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median followup was 53 months (range 9 to 110). Minimum followup was 2 years in 36 cases (63.2%) and 5 years in 28 (49.1%). After the first BCG course 50 patients (87.7%) had no residual disease, while 7 (12.3%) had residual tumor. The recurrence and progression rates were 42.1% and 22.8%, respectively. The rate of delayed cystectomy was 14%. The rate of disease specific survival was 87.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study confirms that BCG therapy is effective conservative treatment for patients with stage T1 grade 3 bladder tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peyromaure
authors.forename: Florent
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guerin
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Amsellem-Ouazana
authors.forename: Djillali
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saighi
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Debre
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zerbib
mesh_terms: D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015653:Cystectomy; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D001500:BCG Vaccine