title: Laparoscopic sentinel lymph node procedure using a combination of patent blue and radioisotope in women with cervical carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors evaluated the feasibility of a laparoscopic sentinel lymph node (SN) procedure with combined radioisotopic and patent blue labeling in patients with cervical carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen women (median age, 52.5 years) with cervical carcinoma (Stage Ia2 in 1 patient, Stage Ib1 in 10 patients, Stage Ib2 in 1 patient, and Stage IIa in 1 patient) underwent a laparoscopic SN procedure using an endoscopic gamma probe after both radioactive isotope and patent blue injections. After the procedure, all patients underwent complete laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy and either laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (eight patients) or the Schauta-Amreich operation (five patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  SNs (mean, 1.7 SNs per patient; range, 1-3 SNs per patient) were identified in 12 of 13 patients. A median of 10.5 pelvic lymph nodes per patient (range, 4-17 pelvic lymph nodes per patient) were removed. No lymph node involvement was detected in SNs with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immunohistochemical studies identified four metastatic SNs in two patients, with micrometastases in two SNs from the first patient and isolated tumor cells in two SNs from the second patient. No false-negative SN results were obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that SN detection with a combination of radiocolloid and patent blue is feasible in patients with cervical carcinoma. The combination of laparoscopy and the SN procedure permitted minimally invasive management of early-stage disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France. barranger@tnn.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Barranger
authors.forename: Dany
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Grahek
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cortez
authors.forename: Jean Noel
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Talbot
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uzan
authors.forename: Emile
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Darai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid; C008769:sulfan blue