title: Progressive transformation of germinal centers: a clinicopathological study of 42 Japanese patients.
abstract: To clarify the clinicopathological features of progressive transformation of germinal center (PTGC) unrelated to nodular lymphocyte predominant Hodgkin's lymphoma in Japanese patients, we reviewed 42 cases and compared the results with those of the United States and Germany. Our results were similar to theirs, with male predominance (M/F ratio, 3:1) and the presentation of a solitary asymptomatic enlarged lymph node in the head and neck area as the common features. However, in Japan, PTGC occurs more frequently in elderly patients. In this study, 12 (29%) of the patients with PTGC were aged 60 years or more. Thirteen patients (31%) with lymphadenopathy in the neck and head area had developed localized chronic inflammation (chronic sialoadenitis=4, chronic tonsillitis=3, infectious epidermal cyst=2) or an autoimmune disorder (hyperthyroidism=2 and bronchial asthma=2). None of the patients developed a malignant lymphoma during the follow-up period of 5 to 238 months (median 27 months). Histologically, in a single longitudinal section of the lymph node, the PTGC occupied up to 5% of the total follicles in 22 patients, 5-10% in 10, 10-20% in 7, and more than 20% in 3. In 5 (12%) patients, an association with prominent marginal zone hyperplasia was also noted. This study also indicates that nodal involvement by various low-grade B-cell lymphomas exhibiting marginal zone distribution patterns should be considered as a differential diagnosis of PTGC. Moreover, in Japan, PTGC is thought to be involved in the etiology of florid reactive follicular hyperplasia in elderly patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, Gunma Cancer Center Hospital, Ohta, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Motoori
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamane
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ban
authors.forename: Katsue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Kazue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: Tetsunari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimano
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugihara
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Nobuhide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004814:Epidermal Cyst / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D018858:Germinal Center / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007564:Japan; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000502:physiology; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012466:Salivary Gland Diseases / Q000150:complications; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000150:complications