title: Bacillus spores for vaccine delivery.
abstract: Spores of the genus Bacillus have been used for a long time as probiotics for oral bacteriotherapy both in humans and in animals. Spores are also employed in a veterinary vaccine against anthrax. Despite this long lasting and extensive use, the specific contribution of spores to the beneficial effects of probiotics and to the immunogenicity of the vaccine is not completely elucidated. This review focuses on the different aspects of the use of spore preparations. In particular the use of recombinant spores as vaccine delivery vehicles is described and discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Microbiologia Molecolare e Biotecnologia (LAMMB), Dipartimento di Biologia Molecolare, Università di Siena, Policlinico Le Scotte 1S, Italy. oggioni@unisi.it
authors.forename: Marco R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Oggioni
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ciabattini
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cuppone
authors.forename: Gianni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pozzi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000881:Anthrax / Q000517:prevention & control; D001407:Bacillus / Q000276:immunology*; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006801:Humans; D019936:Probiotics; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines