title: Injury-associated induction of two novel and replication-defective murine retroviral RNAs in the liver of mice.
abstract: Injury can alter the expression of numerous genes in affected tissues as well as in distant organs. The mouse genome harbors numerous copies of endogenous murine leukemia virus (MuLV)-related retroviral sequences. Mouse liver tissues harvested after burn injury were subjected to RT-PCR analysis to investigate the regulation of MuLV-related sequences using a primer set capable of amplifying the full-length transcript. A doublet of approximately 5-kb was transiently up-regulated at 3 and 6 h after injury. Sequence analyses revealed that these are novel defective endogenous retroviral sequences (MuLV(LI-8) and MuLV(LI-12)), which are predominantly characterized by major deletions in pol and env genes. The MuLV(LI-8) clone is 4.85 kb long and the deduced gag polypeptide sequence was almost identical to a previously reported replication-defective retroviral sequence associated with immunesuppression. In the MuLV(LI-12) clone of 5.06 kb, there were two truncated gag open reading frames (ORFs) and 1 pol ORF fused to the C-terminus of the env p15E. Furthermore, the ORFs for the unique gag p12 presumed to be responsible for the immunesuppression were present in both clones. These novel replication-defective MuLVs may participate in the pathogenesis of distant organs after injury.
authors.affiliation: Burn Surgery, Shriners Hospitals for Children Northern California and Department of Surgery, University of California at Davis, 2425 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
authors.forename: Kiho
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Greenhalgh
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002056:Burns; D003673:Defective Viruses / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D009052:Leukemia Virus, Murine / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D008099:Liver / Q000293:injuries* / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral