title: [Mitral stenosis].
abstract: The decrease in the incidence of acute rheumatic fever in western countries has led to a sharp decrease in the incidence of mitral stenosis. This decrease also modifies the clinical presentation and mitral stenosis is now encountered in older patients who have severe impairment of valve anatomy. In developing countries, mitral stenosis remains a frequent disease. The management of patients with mitral stenosis has been modified by the development of percutaneous mitral commissurotomy whose safety and efficacy have been demonstrated in a number of studies with a follow-up of up to ten years. Percutaneous mitral commissurotomy is now the reference treatment for mitral stenosis with pliable valves in young patients and its efficacy has been validated in randomised trials versus surgery. Mitral stenosis in older patients, as it is encountered in western countries, is a more heterogeneous group. Predictive analysis has shown that the predictions of immediate and late results are multifactorial. This has led to consider the indications for percutaneous mitral commissurotomy in patients who do not have ideal anatomic conditions, when their other characteristics are favourable. This is particularly the case in young patients who do not have a very tight mitral stenosis (1-1.5 cm2) and who do not have an advanced heart disease. When the conditions are favourable, percutaneous mitral commissurotomy can be considered in patients who have few symptoms, in particular in order to reduce the thromboembolic risk.
authors.affiliation: Service de cardiologie, hôpital Bichat, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75877 Paris, France. bernard.iung@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Iung
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vahanian
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D012214:Rheumatic Heart Disease / Q000150:complications