title: Purification and characterization of loxnecrogin, a dermonecrotic toxin from Loxosceles gaucho brown spider venom.
abstract: The most common manifestation of Loxosceles spider envenoming is a dermonecrotic lesion at the bite site. Dermonecrotic toxins from Loxosceles gaucho venom were purified and characterized by mass spectrometry (capillary liquid chromatography followed by mass spectrometry detection). Two components were purified: a major one of 31,444 Da, called loxnecrogin A, and a minor one of 31,626 Da, called loxnecrogin B, being probably two isoforms of the toxin. The N-terminal sequence of loxnecrogin A showed similarity with N termini of other sphingomyelinolytic dermonecrotic toxins isolated from venoms of different Loxosceles species. The internal sequences did not present any statistically significant hits in sequence databases searches. However, loxnecrogin A partial sequence showed high similarity to regions of L. intermedia LiD1 recombinant protein sequence, recently described in the literature but not yet deposited in databanks.
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Center for Protein Research, Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Brasília, Brasília, DF, 70910-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ricardo Bastos
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Katia Cristina
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Barbaro
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Fernanda Calheta Vieira
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Portaro
authors.forename: Wagner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fontes
authors.forename: Marcelo Valle
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: de Sousa
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003885:Dermotoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D019476:Insect Proteins; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity; D011817:Rabbits; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013111:Spider Venoms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D013112:Spiders; D014357:Trypsin
chemical_list: D003885:Dermotoxins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011506:Proteins; D013111:Spider Venoms; C481030:loxnecrogin protein, Loxosceles gaucho; C055161:loxosceles venom; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D014357:Trypsin