title: Stereotactic radiosurgery for CNS nongerminomatous germ cell tumors. Report of four cases.
abstract: In this study, we evaluated the results in four patients with nongerminomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCT) of the pineal region. All underwent radiosurgery in conjunction with surgical resection, fractionated radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Four male patients with pineal region NGGCT were treated with radiosurgery. The mean age was 16.5 years. Three patients had histological confirmation by stereotactic biopsy or craniotomy prior to radiosurgery. One patient was diagnosed by serum and CSF tumor markers. The mean tumor volume was 10.5 cm(3). Radiosurgery was performed with mean maximum and marginal doses of 28 and 14 Gy, respectively. At last follow-up, three patients were alive and one was dead. The mean follow-up after diagnosis and after radiosurgery was 34 and 25 months, respectively. At last follow-up, two tumors had regressed, one was unchanged and one had progressed. No patient had complications after radiosurgery. Radiosurgery can play an important adjuvant role for NGGCT patients who also undergo multimodal management. In the case of prepubertal patients, radiosurgery may play an important role by reducing the radiation dose to the surrounding normal brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Center for Image-Guided Neurosurgery, Pa, USA.
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kondziolka
authors.forename: Constantinos G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Hadjipanayis
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Flickinger
authors.forename: L Dade
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Lunsford
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D018237:Germinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010871:Pinealoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000295:instrumentation*