title: [Intraoperative complications of endoscopic sinus surgery].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the complications occurring in endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The complications occurred in 25 cases from 307 patients who accepted ESS, performed by author, were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The complications were periorbital injury (n = 16), medial rectus injury (n = 2), optic nerve injury (n = 1), retrobulbar haematoma (n = 1), inferior turbinate feared partially (n = 2) and severe hemorrhage(n = 3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The causes of complications occurring in ESS were following: lack of experience, hemorrhage, blind operation, unsuitable instrument and reckless in manipulation. In addition, the complications, even serious complications, occurred in the hands of experienced surgeon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, PLA 202 Hospital, Shenyang 110003, China. ebyh@sina.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000601:surgery; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000601:surgery*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000601:surgery