title: Transforming growth factor-beta and interleukin 10 in oral implant sites in humans.
abstract: Cross-talk between cells and cytokines in peri-implant tissue is largely unknown. The immune response in the gingival mucosa appears to favor implant integration over rejection, since titanium-implant-retained overdentures show long-term success. This study evaluates pro-inflammatory (interleukin [IL]-2, interferon [IFN]-gamma, IL-12) and anti-inflammatory (IL-4, IL-10, transforming growth factor [TGF]-beta1) cytokine mRNA expression and tissue morphometry in peri-implant soft tissue from patients before and during treatment with Brånemark titanium implants. Immediately after treatment with endosseous implant and overdenture, TGF-beta1 mRNA increased in peri-implant mucosa specimens; transcript accumulation for IL-10 was elevated at 4 months and decreased dramatically thereafter. Transcripts for IL-2, IFN-gamma, IL-12, and IL-4 were absent. Healthy osseointegrated implants showed no histological inflammation in most patients. These findings suggest that newly classified TGF-beta and/or IL-10 secreting T regulatory (r)/T helper (h)-3 cells may populate implant insertion sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, University of Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schierano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bellone
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cassarino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pagano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Preti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Emanuelli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015921:Dental Implants; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D003828:Denture, Overlay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005881:Gingiva / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000032:analysis; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000276:immunology; D014025:Titanium; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D007376:Interleukin-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016753:Interleukin-10; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D014025:Titanium