title: Improved antitumour immunity in murine neuroblastoma using a combination of IL-2 and IL-12.
abstract: Neuroblastoma immunotherapy using cytokine-modified tumour cells has been tested in clinical trials. However, because of the complex nature of antitumour immune responses, a number of therapies may be required for complete tumour eradication and generation of systemic immunity. We report here the improved antitumour effect of two cytokines, interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interleukin-12 (IL-12), when coexpressed by neuroblastoma cell lines. Initially, transfection of human and mouse neuroblastoma cell lines resulted in high expression levels of biologically active IL-2 and IL-12 in vitro. These cytokines when expressed by transfected Neuro-2A cells completely abolished their in vivo tumorigenicity in a syngeneic neuroblastoma model. Vaccination of established tumours with IL-12-producing cells exhibited a clear effect with reduced tumour growth in the presence of IL-2. In vivo depletion studies showed that CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells mediate the response against cytokine-producing cells. These results suggest that IL-2 and IL-12, when cotransfected in tumour cells, are effective against established disease and provide a promising immunotherapeutic approach for the treatment of neuroblastoma.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Immunology Unit, Institute of Child Health, London, UK.
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Siapati
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kinnon
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michalski
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brickell
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Thrasher
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hart
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D007167:Immunotherapy; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007376:Interleukin-2; D018664:Interleukin-12