title: Association of co-occurring psychosocial health problems and increased vulnerability to HIV/AIDS among urban men who have sex with men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We measured the extent to which a set of psychosocial health problems have an additive effect on increasing HIV risk among men who have sex with men (MSM).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional household probability telephone sample of MSM in Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and San Francisco.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Psychosocial health problems are highly intercorrelated among urban MSM. Greater numbers of health problems are significantly and positively associated with high-risk sexual behavior and HIV infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AIDS prevention among MSM has overwhelmingly focused on sexual risk alone. Other health problems among MSM not only are important in their own right, but also may interact to increase HIV risk. HIV prevention might become more effective by addressing the broader health concerns of MSM while also focusing on sexual risks.
authors.affiliation: Prevention Research Branch, Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. rstall@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stall
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Lance
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pollack
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Binson
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Osmond
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Catania
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002641:Chicago / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005191:Family Characteristics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D015141:Los Angeles / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D021841:Safe Sex / Q000523:psychology*; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012495:San Francisco / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health