Molecular dynamics simulation studies of cytochrome b5 from outer mitochondrial and microsomal membrane.
Two forms of cytochrome b(5) have been identified, associated with the outer membrane of liver mitochondria (OM cyt b(5)) and with the membrane of the endoplasmic reticulum (microsomal, Mc cyt b(5)). These proteins have very similar structures, but differ significantly in physical properties, with the OM cyt b(5) exhibiting a more negative reduction potential, higher stability, and stronger interactions with the heme. We perform molecular dynamics simulations to probe the structures and fluctuations of the two proteins in solution, to help explain the observed physical differences. We find that the structures of the two proteins, highly similar in the crystal, differ in position of a surface loop involving residues 49-51 in solution. Hydrophobic residues Ala-18, Ile-32, Leu-36, and Leu-47 tend to cluster together on the surface of rat OM cyt b(5), blocking water access to the protein interior. In bovine Mc cyt b(5), two of these positions, Ser-18 and Arg-47, are occupied by hydrophilic residues. This leads to breaking the hydrophobic cluster and allowing the protein to occupy a more open conformation. A measure of this structural transition is the opening of a cleft on the protein surface, which is 5 A wider in the OM cyt b(5) simulation compared to the Mc form. The OM protein also appears to have a more compact hydrophobic core in its beta-sheet region. These effects may be used to explain observed stability differences between the two proteins.
Lee
Kyung-Hoon
KH
Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Room 2010, Malott Hall, Lawrence, KS 66045-7582, USA.
Kuczera
Krzysztof
K
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003198:Computer Simulation; D015786:Cytochromes b5 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006418:Heme / Q000737:chemistry; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008861:Microsomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011487:Protein Conformation; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D012997:Solvents; D055672:Static Electricity; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D000596:Amino Acids; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D006418:Heme; D015786:Cytochromes b5