title: Optimization of low pre-operative hemoglobin reduces transfusion requirement in patients undergoing transurethral resection of prostate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify factors that influence peri-operative hemorrhage in view of reducing the need for transfusions in patients undergoing trans uretheral resection of prostate (TURP).
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients undergoing TURP between January 1997 and December 1999 were identified using ICD 9CM coding and indexing system. Overall 430 patients were identified, however, 384 charts were included and reviewed for demographics, pre and intra-operative data and post-operative morbidity. Patients were divided into two groups on the basis of presence of significant hemorrhage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall 384 patients were analyzed. Nineteen patients had hemorrhage--group I whereas 365 had no significant hemorrhage--group II. Mean age and co-morbidities in the two groups were similar. However, in group I, 58% presented with urinary retention compared to 33% in group II. In group I, factors that reached statistical significance include; operative time (p<0.05), mean resected tissue weight (p<0.02), and patient presentation (urinary retention) (p<0.032). There was no significant difference in the two groups with respect to type of anesthesia (regional versus general) and histology of the resected tissue. Patients with mean pre-operative hemoglobin of 10.6 % had a 37% transfusion rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Operative time, weight of resected prostate tissue are inter related and are only partly controllable. Low pre-operative hemoglobin is the only reversible factor in reducing transfusion following TURP.
authors.affiliation: Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, The Aga Khan University, Karachi.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ather
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Faruqui
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abid
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D006452:Hemoglobinometry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000009:adverse effects*