Use of a biomimetic strategy to engineer bone.
Engineering trabecular-like, three-dimensional bone tissue throughout biodegradable polymer scaffolds is a significant challenge. Using a novel processing technique, we have created a biodegradable scaffold with geometry similar to that of trabecular bone. When seeded with bone-marrow cells, new bone tissue, the geometry of which reflected that of the scaffold, was evident throughout the scaffold volume and to a depth of 10 mm. Preseeded scaffolds implanted in non-healing rabbit segmental bone defects allowed new functional bone formation and bony union to be achieved throughout the defects within 8 weeks. This marks the first report of successful three-dimensional bone-tissue engineering repair using autologous marrow cells without the use of supplementary growth factors. We attribute our success to the novel scaffold morphology.
Holy
C E
CE
Institute for Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, 4 Taddle Creek Road, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G9.
Fialkov
J A
JA
Davies
J E
JE
Shoichet
M S
MS
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D001842:Bone and Bones; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017102:Fracture Healing; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008422:Materials Testing; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers; D011817:Rabbits; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011108:Polymers; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid