title: Value of IgA anticardiolipin and anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibody testing in patients with pregnancy morbidity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence of IgA antiphospholipid antibodies, particularly anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) and anti-beta(2)-glycoprotein I (abeta(2)GPI), in a cohort of patients with pregnancy morbidity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum samples from four groups of patients were studied by an in house enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Group I: 28 patients with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (PAPS) (median age 32.5 years, range 25-34). Twelve patients had a history of thrombosis. All were positive for IgG/M aCL or lupus anticoagulant (LA), or both. Group II: 28 patients with unexplained pregnancy morbidity (median age 35 years, range 23-48). Seven had history of thrombosis. Nine patients were positive for IgG/M aCL. None from this group fulfilled Sapporo criteria for APS. Group III: 28 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) (median age 34 years, range 25-52). Eleven had a history of thrombosis. Twenty one patients had IgG/M aCL and/or LA, but only 19 fulfilled Sapporo criteria for APS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IgA aCL were found in 12, 6, and 14 patients from the groups with PAPS, unexplained pregnancy morbidity, and SLE, respectively. Most patients had these antibodies together with IgG/IgM aCL. Three patients from the group with unexplained pregnancy morbidity and two with SLE had IgA aCL alone. IgA abeta(2)GPI was present in one patient from each group. All IgA abeta(2)GPI were present together with IgG and/or IgM abeta(2)GPI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of IgA aCL is high in patients with pregnancy morbidity, although IgA aCL are usually present together with IgG and/or IgM aCL. IgA abeta(2)GPI are not useful in identifying additional women with APS and pregnancy morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Lupus Research Unit, The Rayne Institute, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carmo-Pereira
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bertolaccini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Escudero-Contreras
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khamashta
authors.forename: G R V
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Hughes
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000276:immunology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000276:immunology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000276:immunology*; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D001323:Autoantibodies; D015415:Biomarkers; D006023:Glycoproteins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I