title: Comparison of assays for the detection of West Nile virus antibodies in chicken serum.
abstract: Six tests for the detection of West Nile virus (WNV) antibodies in the serum of experimentally infected chickens were compared. The tests included the hemagglutination-inhibition test (HIT), immunoglobulin M (IgM)-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with WNV-infected mouse brain antigen, immunoglobulin G (IgG) indirect ELISA with tickborne encephalitis viral antigen, the microtitre virus neutralization test, the standard plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT), and the microtitre PRNT (micro-PRNT). Thirty adult chickens, intravenously and intramuscularly inoculated with 10(7) plaque-forming units (PFU) of WNV strain Egypt 101, were bled and given a booster of 10(7) PFU at 7,15, and 21 d postinoculation; the final blood collection was on day 28. Although the micro-PRNT is capable of detecting the highest antibody titres during both early and late infection, because of the technical complexity and time requirements of this test a combination of IgM and IgG ELISAs is recommended for serologic screening. Serum samples that give positive results in the ELISAs can then be tested by the micro-PRNT to determine the specificity of antibodies to WNV.
authors.affiliation: NCFAD, CFIA, CSCHAH, Health Canada, 1015 Arlington Street, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3E 3M4. hweingartl@inspection.gc.ca
authors.forename: Hana M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Weingartl
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Drebot
authors.forename: Zdenĕk
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hubálek
authors.forename: Jirí
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Halouzka
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Andonova
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dibernardo
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cottam-Birt
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Larence
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marszal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002645:Chickens; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M