title: Validating polymerase chain reaction for detecting HPV in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis for detecting HPV in Mexican women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, grade 2 and 3 (CIN 2/3) versus histologic evidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  A diagnostic test study was carried out. A sample of 25 selected women who were diagnosed by histology as having CIN 2/3 was analyzed. Biopsies were examined for HPV infection using light microscopy. The histologic criteria used for HPV infection included koilocytosis, dyskeratosis cells, bi/multinucleation, and parakeratosis. PCR was performed on each sample using commercial probes (MY09 and MY11), and then HPV typing was carried out by restriction fragment length polymorphism analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PCR revealed that 88% (22/25) of the women were HPV positive (19 high risk and 3 low risk). In contrast, histology revealed that 28% (7/25) of the women were HPV positive. The number of women infected with HPV was 3.14 times (88/28) more frequently detected with PCR procedure than with the histology. Using PCR as the gold standard, 4 values (true positive, false positive, false negative and true negative) were obtained (7, 0, 15 and 3), and histology had a sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of .32, 1.00, 1.00 and .17, respectively. There was a correlation between low-risk and high-risk for PCR (chi 2 with Yates correction = 6.32, P = .012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCR is a powerful tool for the early detection of HPV infection and is independent of histologic criteria.
authors.affiliation: Genetics Division, Centro de Investigación Biomédica del Noreste, and Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico. elvairenecortes@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Elva I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Cortés-Gutiérrez
authors.forename: Ricardo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Cerda-Flores
authors.forename: Diana S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Leal-Klevezas
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hernández-Garza
authors.forename: Carlos H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Leal-Garza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral