Oligodendrocyte progenitor migration in response to injury of glial monolayers requires the polysialic neural cell-adhesion molecule.
Injury to the nervous system results in reactive astrogliosis that is a critical determinant of neuronal regeneration. To analyze glial responses to mechanical injury and the role of the polysialic neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) in this process, we established primary glia cultures from newborn rat cerebral cortex. Scratching a confluent monolayer of primary glial cells resulted in two major events: rapid migration of oligodendrocyte progenitor-like (O-2A) cells into the wounded area and development of polarized morphology of type 1 astrocytes at the wound edge. Migrating O-2A progenitors had a bipolar morphology and exhibited A2B5 and O4 immunolabeling. Once these cells were established inside the wounded area, they lost A2B5 immunoreactivity and differentiated into glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes. Migrating O-2A cells expressed PSA-NCAM, but type 1 astrocytes at the wound edge did not. Treatment of wounded cultures with Endo-N, which specifically removes PSA from the surface of cells, resulted in a significant decrease in O-2A cell migration into the wounded area and completely blocked the wound closure. Video time-lapse analysis showed that, in the presence of Endo-N, O-2A cells remained motile and migrated short distances but did not move away from the monolayer. These results demonstrate that O-2A progenitors contribute to reactive astrogliosis in culture and that PSA-NCAM is involved in this process by regulating cell migration.
Barral-Moran
M-J
MJ
Departamento de Ciencias Morfologicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Calaora
V
V
Vutskits
L
L
Wang
C
C
Zhang
H
H
Durbec
P
P
Rougon
G
G
Kiss
J Z
JZ
D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005911:Gliosis / Q000378:metabolism; D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012794:Sialic Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*
D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1; D012794:Sialic Acids; C103469:polysialyl neural cell adhesion molecule