title: Prediction of PTZ-induced seizures using wavelet-based residual entropy of cortical and subcortical field potentials.
abstract: Our proposed algorithm for seizure prediction is based on the principle that seizure build-up is always preceded by constantly changing bursting levels. We use a novel measure of residual subband wavelet entropy (RSWE) to directly estimate the entropy of bursts, which is otherwise obscured by the ongoing background activity. Our results are obtained using a slow infusion anesthetized pentylenetetrazol (PTZ) rat model in which we record field potentials (FPs) from frontal cortex and two thalamic areas (anterior and posterior nuclei). In each frequency band, except for the theta-delta frequency bands, we observed a significant build-up of RSWE from the preictal period to the first ictal event (p < or = 0.05) in cortex. Significant differences were observed between cortical and thalamic RSWE (p < or = 0.05) subsequent to seizure development. A key observation is the twofold increase in mean cortical RSWE from the preictal to interictal period. Exploiting this increase, we develop a slope change detector to discern early acceleration of entropy and predict the approaching seizure. We use multiple observations through sequential detection of slope changes to enhance the sensitivity of our prediction. Using the proposed method applied to a cohort of four rats subjected to PTZ infusion, we were able to predict the first seizure episode 28 min prior to its occurrence.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Chirag B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Al-Nashash
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wendy C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Ziai
authors.forename: Marek A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mirski
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Sherman
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D008297:Male; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013788:Thalamus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D010433:Pentylenetetrazole