title: MR imaging-guided adrenal biopsy using an open low-field-strength scanner and MR fluoroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to test the feasibility and specific properties of MR imaging-guided adrenal biopsy using an open 0.2-T scanner and MR fluoroscopic fast imaging with steady-state free precession sequences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR imaging-guided biopsy of the adrenal gland is feasible and safe. In all patients, appropriate specimens were obtained with full diagnostic yield and accuracy. MR fluoroscopy is particularly useful to establish an oblique paravertebral access without pleural transgression. For final needle placement, supplementary breath-hold multislice sequences are required in most cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Str.3, Germany. claudius.koenig@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: Claudius W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: Philippe L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trübenbach
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: Stephan H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Duda
authors.forename: Fritz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schick
authors.forename: Claus D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003199:Computer Systems; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors