title: New paradigm for optical imaging: temporally encoded maps of intrinsic signal.
abstract: We present a new technique for acquiring and analyzing intrinsic signal optical images of brain activity, using continuous stimulus presentation and data acquisition. The main idea is to present a temporally periodic stimulus and to analyze the component of the response at the stimulus frequency. Advantages of the new technique include the removal of heart, respiration, and vasomotor artifacts, a dramatic increase in spatial resolution, and a 30-fold or greater reduction in acquisition time. We also present a novel approach to localizing instantaneous neuronal responses using time-reversed stimuli that is widely applicable to brain imaging. To demonstrate the power of the technique, we present high-resolution retinotopic maps of five visual areas in mouse cortex and orientation maps in cat visual cortex.
authors.affiliation: W.M. Keck Foundation Center for Integrative Neuroscience, Department of Physiology, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Valery A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Kalatsky
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Stryker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D002415:Cats; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014793:Visual Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*