title: Care of the critically ill patient in a military unique environment: a program of research.
abstract: The goal of the Air Force Nursing Research Program at WHMC is to conduct research on topics unique to Air Force and military nursing. The nine stressors of flight and the military environment of care have been used as a conceptual model to guide the development of research studies. The studies conducted to date describe how the environment affects practice and when the environment directly affects the patient. The studies conducted are examples of the numerous military nursing research projects supported by funding from the TSNRP. The research funded by TSNRP contributes to the body of nursing knowledge by supporting scientific research, particularly knowledge that is unique to the military. As our nation faces the threat of chemical and biologic attacks, terrorism, and increased deployment of soldiers to battlefields in remote locations throughout the world, it is more important than ever that we ensure the advancement of military nursing research. Supporting research that advances healthcare in peace and in war is critical to the care of our military members and their families. This will require that research funds continue to be available to support military nursing research, that a strong infrastructure to provide resources in support of nursing research programs continues to exist, and that the military nursing corps continues to attract, train, and retain PhD prepared nurse researchers. Given the results of the research completed to date, the following evidence-based practice can be applied to the care of the patient described at the beginning of this article: The nurse positions the patient in the center of the cargo compartment, away from the bulkhead, toward the front of the aircraft, the warmest location during flight. While enroute, the patient will need to be positioned on an aerovac mattress, repositioned frequently, and have his/her heels elevated at all times. Additional padding may be needed for areas adjacent to the litter cross members to reduce pressure on the skin in areas prone to pressure ulcer formation. Should the patient need endotracheal suctioning, the nurse knows that hyperoxygenation-hyperinflation is effective in preventing suctioning-induced hypoxemia. In addition, the suction pressure will need to be increased to account for the effects of altitude without exceeding the pressure limits on the transport ventilator and causing catastrophic ventilator failure. Because there is not enough room on the litter for the chest tube drainage tubing to lay straight, it will be coiled and should dependent loops develop, they should be drained every 15 minutes. This is Air Force nursing research in practice.
authors.affiliation: 59th Clinical Research Squadron, Wilford Hall Medical Center, 1255 Wilford Hall Loop, Lackland Air Force Base, TX 78236, USA. Joseph.Schmelz@lackland.af.mil
authors.forename: Joseph O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Schmelz
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.forename: Diep N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Duong
authors.forename: Cathaleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ley
mesh_terms: D000337:Aerospace Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration; D003422:Critical Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D008888:Military Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration; D020380:Needs Assessment; D024802:Nurse's Role; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D013781:Texas