title: The inappropriate smile and zygomatic muscle activity.
abstract: Long-term recording of activity of the zygomatic muscle, the most important mimic muscle involved in smiling, was performed in 22 disorganized type schizophrenic patients with inappropriate smiles and 15 normal subjects in two separate experiments. During inappropriate smiles, the zygomatic muscle exhibited waxing and waning bursts of activity with an amplitude of 75 to 120 microV, which could not be distinguished from the activity observed during usual smiling in normal subjects. However, the duration of such activity tended to be longer when compared to that in usual smiling by normal subjects as well as by schizophrenic patients. In contrast to usual smiles, inappropriate smiles decreased with personal contact. When asked about their thoughts during smiling shortly after inappropriate smiles, more patients reported that they thought of nothing at all or something not necessarily pleasant rather than something pleasant that would be expected to induce smiling.
authors.affiliation: Kosaka Hospital.
authors.forename: Tukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwase
authors.forename: Osami
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kajimoto
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tatsumoto
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sumitsuji
mesh_terms: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012904:Smiling; D015050:Zygoma / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D002746:Chlorpromazine