title: Nigella sativa (black cumin) ameliorates potassium bromate-induced early events of carcinogenesis: diminution of oxidative stress.
abstract: Potassium bromate (KBrO3) is a potent nephrotoxic agent. In this paper, we report the chemopreventive effect of Nigella sativa (black cumin) on KBrO3-mediated renal oxidative stress, toxicity and tumor promotion response in rats. KBrO3 (125 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) enhances lipid peroxidation, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, hydrogen peroxide and xanthine oxidase with reduction in the activities of renal antioxidant enzymes and renal glutathione content. A marked increase in blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine has also been observed. KBrO3 treatment also enhances ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity and [3H] thymidine incorporation into renal DNA. Prophylaxis of rats orally with Nigella sativa extract (50 mg/kg body weight and 100 mg/kg body weight) resulted in a significant decrease in renal microsomal lipid peroxidation (P < 0.001), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (P < 0.001), H2O2 (P < 0.001) and xanthine oxidase (P < 0.05). There was significant recovery of renal glutathione content (P < 0.01) and antioxidant enzymes (P < 0.001). There was also reversal in the enhancement of blood urea nitrogen, serum creatinine, renal ODC activity and DNA synthesis (P < 0.001). Data suggest that Nigella sativa is a potent chemopreventive agent and may suppress KBrO3-mediated renal oxidative stress, toxicity and tumour promotion response in rats.
authors.affiliation: Section of Chemoprevention and Nutrition Toxicology, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard, Hamdard University, New Delhi 110 062, India.
authors.forename: Naghma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Sarwat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sultana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D001959:Bromates / Q000633:toxicity*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008861:Microsomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D031881:Nigella sativa; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000931:Antidotes; D001959:Bromates; D002273:Carcinogens; D010936:Plant Extracts; C019536:potassium bromate; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D005978:Glutathione