Acyl sulfonamides as potent protease inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus full-Length NS3 (protease-helicase/NTPase): a comparative study of different C-terminals.
Synthesis and inhibitory potencies of three types of protease inhibitors of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) full-length NS3 (protease-helicase/NTPase) are reported: (i) inhibitors comprising electrophilic serine traps (pentafluoroethyl ketones, alpha-keto acids, and alpha-ketotetrazoles), (ii) product-based inhibitors comprising a C-terminal carboxylate group, and (iii) previously unexplored inhibitors comprising C-terminal carboxylic acid bioisosteres (tetrazoles and acyl sulfonamides). Bioisosteric replacement with the tetrazole group provided inhibitors equally potent to the corresponding carboxylates, and substitution with the phenyl acyl sulfonamide group yielded more potent inhibitors. The hexapeptide inhibitors Suc-Asp-D-Glu-Leu-Ile-Cha-Nva-NHSO(2)Ph and Suc-Asp-D-Glu-Leu-Ile-Cha-ACPC-NHSO(2)Ph with K(i) values of 13.6 and 3.8 nM, respectively, were approximately 20 times more potent than the corresponding inhibitors with a C-terminal carboxylate and were comparable to the carboxylate-based inhibitor containing the native cysteine, Suc-Asp-D-Glu-Leu-Ile-Cha-Cys-OH (K(i)=28 nM). The acyl sulfonamide group constitutes a very promising C-terminal functionality that allows for prime site optimization.
Johansson
Anja
A
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, BMC, Box 574, SE-751 23 Uppsala, Sweden.
Poliakov
Anton
A
Akerblom
Eva
E
Wiklund
Karin
K
Lindeberg
Gunnar
G
Winiwarter
Susanne
S
Danielson
U Helena
UH
Samuelsson
Bertil
B
Hallberg
Anders
A
D000215:Acylation; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011485:Protein Binding; D020365:RNA Helicases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D043583:Nucleoside-Triphosphatase; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D000085242:Viral Proteases
D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D020365:RNA Helicases; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D013449:Sulfonamides; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; C084422:NS3 protein, hepatitis C virus; D043583:Nucleoside-Triphosphatase; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D000085242:Viral Proteases