title: Calreticulin--an endoplasmic reticulum protein with calcium-binding activity is also found in the extracellular matrix.
abstract: Previous studies have reported that calreticulin (CRT), a calcium-binding and chaperoning protein, is expressed only in the endoplasmatic reticulum, nucleus and at the cell surface. In this study we clearly show that odontoblasts and predentin matrix contain CRT. To our knowledge, this is the first time CRT has been described in the extracellular matrix. The expression of CRT was studied by immunohistochemistry, ultrastructural immunocytochemistry and in situ hybridization in developing rat teeth. CRT was detected as a 59-kDa protein in rat pulp cell culture medium and dentin extracellular matrix extract by Western blotting. The presence of the protein was shown in rat odontoblasts and predentin with immunohistochemistry. At the ultrastructural level, the labeling was distributed in the rat odontoblasts, ameloblasts and predentin. Northern blotting showed the presence of CRT mRNA in rat molars, which was confirmed by in situ hybridization in odontoblasts and ameloblasts. We now present the first convincing evidence that CRT is found in extracellular matrix where it may play an important role in mineralization.
authors.affiliation: Karolinska Institute, Center for Oral Biology, Box 4064, SE-141 04 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Eszter
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Somogyi
authors.forename: Ulrika
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Petersson
authors.forename: Kjell
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hultenby
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wendel
mesh_terms: D000565:Ameloblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D037282:Calreticulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000378:metabolism; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D003804:Dentin / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007180:Incisor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008437:Maxilla; D008963:Molar / Q000378:metabolism; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D037282:Calreticulin; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014807:Vitamin D