Telemedicine in ophthalmology.
OBJECTIVE
To give an overview of telemedical applications in ophthalmology and to provide background information on new tele-ophthalmological applications.


METHODS
We carried out a literature review, a database search and an Internet search.


RESULTS
According to published research, the cost-efficiency of telemedicine in ophthalmology has not been established. It has been found to have educational benefits and patients have been satisfied with the possibility of obtaining specialist care without having to travel.


CONCLUSIONS
Most studies have been pilot studies and telemedicine is still seldom the primary mode of operation. Technical problems have not been significant, but many open questions about organizational and operational issues remain. Further studies should be directed towards solving these problems and establishing technical standards.
Lamminen
Heikki
H
Department of Ophthalmology, Tampere University Hospital, Finland Primary Health Care Centre, Ikaalinen, Finland. heikki.lamminen@uta.fi
Voipio
Ville
V
Ruohonen
Keijo
K
Uusitalo
Hannu
H
D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D009885:Ophthalmology / Q000191:economics; D012106:Research; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods