title: Regression of AK7 malignant mesothelioma established in immunocompetent mice following intratumoral gene transfer of interferon gamma.
abstract: Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is a lethal tumor linked with a prior exposure to asbestos in which limited progress has been made so far using conventional therapies. MM is an example of a "nonimmunogenic" tumor characterized by a fibrous stroma and an absence of infiltrating T lymphocytes. High levels of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) produced by mesothelioma cells have been related to the immune tolerance towards the tumor. In order to evaluate the effect of local delivery of cytokines such as interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) by gene transfer, we characterized and used a murine model, AK7, which appeared very similar to human mesothelioma. AK7 cells expressed low levels of major histocompatibility class I and class II antigens and secreted high levels of latent TGF-beta. The TGF-beta pathway in AK7 cells is operative but inefficient because endogenous TGF-beta is predominantly inactive. Treatment of pre-established AK7 tumors by direct intratumoral injection of an adenovirus vector expressing murine IFN-gamma, Ad.mIFN-gamma, led to significant tumor regression. Peripheral tumor infiltration by CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes in the treated tumors appeared to be because of the induction of an immune response. Tumor relapse was observed, which could be due to local TGF-beta secretion by remaining tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Institut Gustave Roussy, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cordier Kellerman
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valeyrie
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Paule
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Opolon
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sabourin
authors.forename: Eve
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maubec
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Le Roy
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Legrand
authors.forename: Mohamed Amine
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Abina
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Descamps
authors.forename: Hédi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haddada
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002469:Cell Separation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D012313:RNA; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505409:Casp3 protein, mouse; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases