title: Assessment of oral transmission using cell-free human immunodeficiency virus-1 in mice reconstituted with human peripheral blood leucocyte.
abstract: Oral-genital contact is one of the risk factors for the transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in adults. In recent reports, oral exposure to simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) was found to have important implications for the achievement of mucosal transmission of HIV in a rhesus monkey animal model. In the present study, we aimed first to establish a small animal model which did not develop tonsils suitable for HIV oral mucosa transmission, using non-obese diabetic/severe combined immunodeficiency (NOD/SCID) mice and NOD/SCID B2m(null) mice grafted with human peripheral blood leucocytes (hu-PBL) and stimulated with interleukin (IL)-4, and second to investigate whether oral exposure to cell-free R5 and X4 HIV-1 could lead to oral transmission of HIV through intact or traumatized mucosal tissues in humanized mice. Both low and high concentrations of cell-free R5 and X4 viruses failed to cause oral transmission with or without trauma in hu-PBL-NOD/SCID and NOD/SCID Beta2m(null) mice, which presented a number of CD4+ cells in gingival tissues and oral cavities with or without tissue injury. The present results show that IL-4-administrated NOD/SCID B2m(null) mice are useful as a small-humanized model for the study of HIV oral infection, which may help to define the window of opportunity for oral transmission by the HIV virus in animal model experiments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Function, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Md
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdus Salam
authors.forename: Khairul
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matin
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimazu
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakasone
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Horibata
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoba
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Amagasa
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Senpuku
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D002474:Cell-Free System; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000293:injuries / Q000821:virology*; D010519:Periodontium / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000637:transplantation
chemical_list: D015847:Interleukin-4