title: Resuscitating hypothermic dogs after 2 hours of circulatory arrest below 6 degrees C.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ultraprofound hypothermia may have a place in trauma rescue and resuscitation. We describe resuscitation of dogs after asanguineous perfusion and circulatory arrest of 2 hours at 2 degrees to 4 degrees C.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine dogs were cooled using a bypass apparatus and their circulating blood replaced with bicarbonated Hextend (Abbott, North Chicago, IL). Perfusion was continued to 2 degrees to 4 degrees C, and 60 mL of 2 mol/L KCl and 20 mL of 50% MgSO(4).7H(2)O were infused intra-arterially, and circulation was arrested for 2 hours. The dogs were then rewarmed, transfused, defibrillated, weaned from bypass, and allowed to awaken. Preoperative and postoperative biochemistry and hematology were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six dogs recovered fully. One of these dogs died of an infection 2 weeks later. Three other dogs never recovered because of technical or procedural difficulties. Biochemical and hematologic parameters were normal by 3 weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypothermic blood substitution with Hextend allows resuscitation after 2 hours of ice-cold circulatory arrest in dogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University of Texas Medical Center, Houston, USA.
authors.forename: George V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Letsou
authors.forename: Eugene M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Breznock
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Whitehair
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kurtz
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Marc L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Leavitt
authors.forename: Hal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sternberg
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shermer
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kehrer
authors.forename: Judith M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Segall
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Voelker
authors.forename: Harold D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Waitz
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Segall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012151:Resuscitation; D012769:Shock / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010952:Plasma Substitutes