title: Oligodendrocyte progenitor migration in response to injury of glial monolayers requires the polysialic neural cell-adhesion molecule.
abstract: Injury to the nervous system results in reactive astrogliosis that is a critical determinant of neuronal regeneration. To analyze glial responses to mechanical injury and the role of the polysialic neural cell adhesion molecule (PSA-NCAM) in this process, we established primary glia cultures from newborn rat cerebral cortex. Scratching a confluent monolayer of primary glial cells resulted in two major events: rapid migration of oligodendrocyte progenitor-like (O-2A) cells into the wounded area and development of polarized morphology of type 1 astrocytes at the wound edge. Migrating O-2A progenitors had a bipolar morphology and exhibited A2B5 and O4 immunolabeling. Once these cells were established inside the wounded area, they lost A2B5 immunoreactivity and differentiated into glial fibrillary acidic protein-positive astrocytes. Migrating O-2A cells expressed PSA-NCAM, but type 1 astrocytes at the wound edge did not. Treatment of wounded cultures with Endo-N, which specifically removes PSA from the surface of cells, resulted in a significant decrease in O-2A cell migration into the wounded area and completely blocked the wound closure. Video time-lapse analysis showed that, in the presence of Endo-N, O-2A cells remained motile and migrated short distances but did not move away from the monolayer. These results demonstrate that O-2A progenitors contribute to reactive astrogliosis in culture and that PSA-NCAM is involved in this process by regulating cell migration.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias Morfologicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
authors.forename: M-J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Barral-Moran
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Calaora
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vutskits
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Durbec
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rougon
authors.forename: J Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Kiss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005911:Gliosis / Q000378:metabolism; D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012794:Sialic Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D039842:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecule L1; D012794:Sialic Acids; C103469:polysialyl neural cell adhesion molecule