title: Expression of HIF-1 and ubiquitin in conventional renal cell carcinoma: relationship to mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor gene.
abstract: Conventional clear cell renal cell carcinomas (cRCC) have mutations of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor gene at 3p25 in approximately 50% of cases. The VHL gene normally regulates ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha (HIF-1alpha); in cell lines, VHL inactivation blocks HIF-1alpha proteolysis, resulting in increased HIF-1 expression. This study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between VHL mutations and the expression of ubiquitin and HIF-1alpha in cRCC. Eleven cRCC were studied with microsatellite analysis for 3p deletions and with sequencing for VHL mutations. Immunohistochemistry was performed for HIF-1alpha and ubiquitin. Deletions at 3p25 were found in 10 tumors, and VHL mutations were identified in 6 of these cases. There was staining for ubiquitin and HIF-1alpha in all tumors with VHL mutations. Among the five cases without VHL mutations, staining for ubiquitin or HIF-1alpha was not present in three cases but was present in two tumors, both of which had 3p deletions. The findings support a role for VHL mutations promoting cRCC development by an impairment of HIF-1alpha proteolysis. The findings also suggest that a 3p tumor suppressor gene other than VHL may also influence HIF-1alpha degradation and that there is an additional tumorigenic pathway for cRCC that does not involve VHL or HIF-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA. mhughson@pathology.umsmed.edu
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Hughson
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: W Bruce
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Shingleton
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008025:Ligases / Q000235:genetics*; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein; D008025:Ligases; C497446:VHL protein, human