title: Immunomodulating principles from shark cartilage. Part 1. Isolation and biological assessment in vitro.
abstract: Extracts from shark cartilage exhibiting powerful immunostimulating activity in vitro are described. The study shows that a simple extraction with water is very effective in producing the immunostimulating principles and implies that it is ideal for scale-up and manufacturing on a large scale. The extracts are potent stimulators of B cells and macrophages isolated from BALB/c mice spleen while stimulation of T cells was insignificant in our in vitro models. The study demonstrates that the active principles are thermally stable proteoglycans with molecular masses exceeding 100 kDa. This in vitro study represents an important step needed for further assessment of the products in vivo and their value for nutraceutical use.
authors.affiliation: Bioscience Enterprise Centre, Ocean Nutrition Canada Ltd., 1721 Lower Water Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada B3J 1S5. jkralovec@ocean-nutrition.com
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Kralovec
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Metera
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Carr
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000606:Amino Sugars / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002356:Cartilage / Q000737:chemistry*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002847:Chromatography, Agarose; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012754:Sharks / Q000378:metabolism*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014462:Ultrafiltration
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000596:Amino Acids; D000606:Amino Sugars; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009573:Nitrites; D011506:Proteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; D014020:Tissue Extracts