title: Cloning, characterization and expression of two alternatively splicing isoforms of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I gamma in the rat brain.
abstract: Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase I (CaMKI), originally identified as a protein kinase phosphorylating synapsin I, has been shown to constitute a family of closely related isoforms (alpha, beta and gamma). Here, we have isolated and determined the complete primary structures of two alternatively splicing isoforms of CaMKI termed CaMKI gamma 1 and -gamma 2. CaMKI gamma 1 and -gamma 2 contain an identical N-terminal catalytic domain with different C-terminal regions due to the deletion of the 425-bp nucleotide sequence of CaMKI gamma 1 in CaMKI gamma 2. In vitro kinase assay has demonstrated the marked enhancement of the Ca2+/CaM-dependent activity of CaMKI gamma 1 by the preincubation with Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaMKK), but no significant activation of CaMKI gamma 2. Northern blot analysis has demonstrated the predominant expression of CaMKI gamma in the brain. RT-PCR analysis has revealed similar expression patterns between CaMKI gamma 1 and CaMKI gamma 2 in various brain regions. In situ hybridization analysis has demonstrated that CaMKI gamma mRNA is expressed in a distinct pattern from other isoforms of CaMKI with predominant expression in some restricted brain regions such as the olfactory bulb, hippocampal pyramidal cell layer of CA3, central amygdaloid nuclei, ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus and pineal gland. In the primary hippocampal neurons and NG108-15 cells, transfected CaMKI gamma 1 and -gamma 2 are localized primarily in the cytoplasm and neurites but not in the nucleus. These findings suggest that both isoforms of CaMKI gamma may be involved in Ca2+ signal transduction in the cytoplasmic compartment of certain neuronal population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Histology, Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakagami
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uezu
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukunaga
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Hisatake
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019556:COS Cells; D054729:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015870:Gene Expression; D006822:Hybrid Cells; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054729:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 1; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; C475663:Camk1g protein, rat