title: Screening for preexisting cognitive impairment in older intensive care unit patients: use of proxy assessment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of preexisting cognitive impairment (CI) in patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit (ICU) and compare two different proxy measures of preexisting CI in ICU patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional comparative study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban university teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty patients aged 65 and older admitted to the medical ICU.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two previously validated proxy measures of CI: the Modified Blessed Dementia Rating Scale (MBDRS) and the Informant Questionnaire on Cognitive Decline in the Elderly (IQCODE).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of preexisting CI in the ICU, determined using a combination of the measures, was 42%. Agreement between the two CI measures was 86%, with a kappa of 0.69, with discrepancies being related to the different domains measured by each instrument.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a high prevalence of preexisting CI in patients admitted to the medical ICU. Both the MBDRS and IQCODE can be used to screen for preexisting CI in situations where direct patient assessment is not feasible. Future studies are needed to address physician recognition of CI and its effect on patient care decisions and outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School ofMedicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. Margaret.Pisani@yale.edu
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pisani
authors.forename: Sharon K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Inouye
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: McNicoll
authors.forename: Carrie A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Redlich
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D019727:Proxy; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population