title: Fatigue in employees with diabetes: its relation with work characteristics and diabetes related burden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relations between work characteristics as defined by the Job Demand-Control-Support model (JDCS) (that is, job demands, decision latitude, and social support), diabetes related burden (symptoms, seriousness of disease, self care activities, and disease duration), and fatigue in employees with diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Employees (n = 292) aged 30-60 years, with insulin treated diabetes, filled in self administered questionnaires that assess the above mentioned components of the JDCS model and diabetes related burdens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both work and diabetes related factors are related to fatigue in employees with diabetes. Regression analyses revealed that work characteristics explain 19.1% of the variance in fatigue; lack of support, and the interaction of job demands and job control contribute significantly. Diabetes related factors explain another 29.0% of the variance, with the focus on diabetes related symptoms and the burden of adjusting insulin dosage to circumstances. Fatigue is more severe in case of lack of social support at work, high job demands in combination with a lack of decision latitude, more burden of adjusting insulin dosage to circumstances, and more diabetic symptoms. Furthermore, regression analysis revealed that diabetic symptoms and the burden of adjusting the insulin dosage to circumstances are especially relevant in combination with high job demands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both diabetes and work should be taken into consideration-by (occupational) physicians as well as supervisors-in the communication with people with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands. i.weijman@med.uu.nl
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Weijman
authors.forename: W J G
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ros
authors.forename: G E H M
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Rutten
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Schaufeli
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Schabracq
authors.forename: J A M
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Winnubst
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health; D012944:Social Support; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance