Does initial surveillance in early prostate cancer reduce the chance of cure by radical prostatectomy?--A case control study.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate whether initial surveillance followed by prostatectomy impairs pathological stage compared to immediate surgery in men with prostate cancer detected as a result of early screening.


METHODS
A total of 26 patients with prostate cancer [T1c-T2, Gleason score <7, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) 3-13 ng/ml] who were managed by means of initial surveillance (mean 23.4 months, range 8-55 months) followed by radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) were evaluated. For each of these cases two matched control cases were selected from patients who were operated on without prior surveillance. The two groups were matched for PSA, age, T stage and Gleason score at biopsy. Evaluation of prostatectomy specimens included measurement of tumour volume, pT stage and Gleason score.


RESULTS
Tumour volume did not differ significantly between cases and controls: 1.35 vs 1.05 cm (3), respectively. The frequency of extracapsular growth, Gleason score and time to progression after RRP within a mean follow-up period of 2 years were also similar between the two groups.


CONCLUSIONS
In selected patients with very early prostate cancer it seems that close surveillance followed by prostatectomy when signs of progression appear is a low-risk option. However, before this strategy can be generally recommended longer follow-up periods should be used and a randomized study should be performed.
Khatami
Ali
A
Department of Urology, Sahlgrenska Universitetssjukhuset, Göteborg, Sweden. a.khatami@urology.gu.su
Damber
Jan-Erik
JE
Lodding
Pär
P
Pihl
Carl-Gustaf
CG
Hugosson
Jonas
J
D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D019370:Observation; D011336:Probability; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D015996:Survival Rate; D013548:Sweden; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen