title: Local tissue hypoxia and formation of nasal polyps.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the response of nasal mucosa epithelial cells to hypoxia in terms of formation of nasal polyps (NP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Epithelial cells of NP and inferior turbinate (IT) were cultured serum-free under normal oxygen and hypoxic circumstances with stimulation of IL-1 beta and TNF alpha. The vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA and VEGF protein levels of the cultured cells were detected using in situ hybridization and ELISA, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of VEGF mRNA was significantly higher in epithelial cells of NP than in IT exposed to pro-inflammatory cytokines or hypoxia (P < 0.01). VEGF levels were higher in NP epithelial cells than those of IT (P < 0.01) under hypoxia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEGF-induced by hypoxia is very important for the early stages of forming polyps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology & Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese-Japanese Union Hospital, Bethune Faculty of Medicine, Jilin University, Changchun 130031, China.
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Dongdong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Zhanquan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000235:genetics; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008222:Lymphokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D004921:Erythropoietin