title: DOTS-Plus for multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in the Philippines: global assistance urgently needed.
abstract: METHODS
  The Philippines, a high burden country for tuberculosis (TB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Health Operational Study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe preliminary data from the Makati Medical Center (MMC)-DOTS Plus pilot project.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were consecutively enrolled after confirmation of MDR-TB status. Individualized treatment regimens were based on drug susceptibility testing and history of previous intake for the other drugs that were not tested. Treatment outcome in those who had completed at least 18 months of therapy and interim outcome for those who received more than 12 months but less than 18 months were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred forty-nine patients with MDR-TB were enrolled from April 1999 to 30 May 2002 at the MMC DOTS Clinic. Referrals were from private institutions and practicing physicians in 73.2% of cases. Approximately 30% of isolates tested were resistant to all five first-line drugs, 39.4% to four, 16.8% to three, 12.1% to two. Fluoroquinolone resistance was noted in 40.9% of all the isolates, including 54.5% of those resistant to five drugs and 34.6% of those resistant to four drugs. The outcome of 23 patients who completed therapy and 62 who have received more than 12 months therapy showed cure and likely cure in 73.4% of cases and failure in 3.8% and likely failure in 6.3%. Death occurred in 3.8% and default was observed in 11.4%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MMC DOTS-Plus pilot project is a public-private collaboration in TB Control. Response to therapy was encouraging. Complete subsidy of medicines and laboratory and clinic services and DOT were essential in the successful implementation of the program. DOTS-Plus and DOTS should go hand in hand in TB control if MDR-TB is highly prevalent.
authors.affiliation: Tropical Disease Foundation, Makati Medical Center, 2 Amorsolo St., Makati 1200, Philippines. tdf@info.com.ph
authors.forename: T E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Tupasi
authors.forename: M I D
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Quelapio
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Orillaza
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alcantara
authors.forename: N R C
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Mira
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Abeleda
authors.forename: V T
authors.initials: VT
authors.lastname: Belen
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Arnisto
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rivera
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Grimaldo
authors.forename: J O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Derilo
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dimarucut
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arabit
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Urboda
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023801:Directly Observed Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D010679:Philippines; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents