title: Determination of pyronaridine in whole blood by automated solid phase extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography.
abstract: A new extraction procedure for the analysis of pyronaridine in whole blood is presented. A weak cation exchanger with a carboxylic acid (CBA) sorbent was found to be a suitable solid phase sorbent for the extraction of pyronaridine. High-performance liquid chromatography with UV detection at 278 nm and an electrochemical detector at +0.75 V is used. The electrochemical detector gives higher selectivity than the UV detector. The separation was performed using a C18 reversed phase column with mobile phase of acetonitrile-phosphate buffer (0.01 mol/L, pH 2.5)- sodium perchlorate (1.0 mol/L; 22:77:1, v/v/v). The within-day RSDs were below 5% at all concentration levels between 75 nmol/L and 1500 nmol/L, and the between-day RSDs were below 14% at all concentration levels. The limit of quantification was about 50 nmol/L in 1000 microL whole blood with an RSD of 20% or less on a day-to-day basis. The stability of pyronaridine is increased if the pH is less than 3 in water solutions. In whole blood, the concentration decreases by about 10% for each freeze-thaw cycle performed. At room temperature (about 22 degrees C), pyronaridine concentration in whole blood decreases by about 10% within 12 to 24 hours.
authors.affiliation: Dalarna University College, Borlänge, Sweden.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Blessborn
authors.forename: Niklas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lindegårdh
authors.forename: Orjan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ericsson
authors.forename: Urban
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hellgren
authors.forename: Yngve
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bergqvist
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009287:Naphthyridines; C027871:pyronaridine