title: [Intro-extro cranial approach treat serious post fronto-orbital fracture deformities].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the method of treating serious secondary fronto-orbital fracture deformities through intro-extra cranial approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  The fronto-orbital fracture was divided into two types according to whether there were any large scale fronto-orbital bone defects: type I: Large scale fronto-orbital bone defect; type II: Concave fronto-orbital fracture deformity without large scale bone defect. Both types were treated through intro-extra cranial approach to expose the fracture site. For type I deformity, the bone defects were repaired and reconstructed with outer table of cranial bone and artificial bone. For type II, the deformity was repaired by osteotomy, bone reposition and internal rigid fixation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  18 cases were treated from June 1998 to October 2000, include type I, 12 cases, and type II, 6 cases. All the patients recovered well and the post-operative appearance were greatly improved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intro-extra cranial approach can expose the fractured site better than the simple extrocranio approach, and make the operation more easily done. Combined with the technique of cranio maxillo facial surgery, the treatment can be more complete and the results can be more satisfactory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cranio Maxillo Facial Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100041, China.
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Lai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gui
authors.forename: Zhi-yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Lu-ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xiao-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Bing-zhi
authors.initials: BZ
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000379:methods*; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome