title: Chronic hepatitis C patients with a post-treatment virological relapse re-treated with an induction dose of 18 MU interferon-alpha in combination with ribavirin and amantadine: a two-arm randomized pilot study.
abstract: Thirty-seven chronic hepatitis C patients with virological relapse (VR) after previous interferon-alpha (IFN) or IFN/ribavirin (Riba) therapy, were re-treated. Patients were randomized for either IFN/Riba and amantadine (Ama) including a 2-week initial high IFN induction course (18 MU IFN daily) (group A) or the same 2-week IFN induction course combined with Riba/Ama, followed by Riba/Ama without IFN (group B). Treatment duration for both groups was 24 weeks with a 24-week follow-up thereafter. The inclusion in group B was prematurely stopped because all patients (n = 10) relapsed within 2 weeks after stopping IFN. Therefore, all subsequent patients were included in group A (n = 27). In group A, 44% achieved a sustained virological response (SVR) and 29% of the patients with an end-of-treatment virological response had a VR again. Of all pretreatment characteristics, only genotype non-1 patients had a significantly higher chance of achieving SVR (P < 0.001). Of the characteristics during treatment only a negative hepatitis C virus (HCV)-RNA test result in transcription-mediated amplification (TMA) at week 6 had a high predictive value for SVR, 80% in all patients and 92% in genotype non-1 patients. In conclusion, hepatitis C patients with a VR to previous antiviral treatment can be successfully re-treated with IFN induction combined with Riba/Ama for only 6 months, when they have genotype non-1 and a negative HCV-RNA test result in TMA 6 weeks after the start of therapy. Riba/Ama combination therapy without IFN does not prevent VR after 2 weeks high IFN induction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastro-enterology and Hepatology, Academic Medical Center (AMC), Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. c.j.weegink@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Weegink
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Sentjens
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Beld
authors.forename: M G W
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Dijkgraaf
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Reesink
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000547:Amantadine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012008:Recurrence; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin; D000547:Amantadine