The psychosocial determinants of hypertension.
OBJECTIVE
To present currently available evidence on the role that adverse psychosocial factors play in the pathogenesis of hypertension. The specific objectives of the review were to (1) provide a picture of what is known about the relationship between psychosocial factors and hypertension, (2) summarize the major methodological and conceptual pitfalls, and (3) identify gaps in the literature and suggest areas for future research.


RESULTS
The scope of the literature review was adults and the literature published since 1990 (acknowledging that some articles published earlier would need to be taken into account). A number of journal searches were carried out. They included Medline, PsychInfo, and SocioFile, with keywords, such as hypertension, blood pressure, psychosocial, psychological, social, acculturation, occupation, socio-economic status, social class, education, depression, anger, and anxiety. The search included articles related to hypertension in developed countries and was limited to studies in the English language.


CONCLUSIONS
A growing body of evidence supports the thesis that psychosocial factors play a role in the pathogenesis for hypertension.
Kaplan
M S
MS
School of Community Health, Portland State University, P.O. Box 751, Portland, Oregon 97207, USA. kaplanm@pdx.edu
Nunes
A
A
D000786:Anger; D001007:Anxiety; D003469:Culture; D003863:Depression; D004522:Educational Status; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D016239:MEDLINE; D009790:Occupations; D011584:Psychology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological