title: The collaborative initial glaucoma treatment study: baseline visual field and test-retest variability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the baseline Collaborative Initial Glaucoma Treatment Study (CIGTS) visual field (VF) score and mean deviation (MD), investigate test-retest variability, and identify variables associated with VF loss and VF measurement variability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baseline data from a randomized clinical trial of 607 patients with newly diagnosed open-angle glaucoma were collected at 14 clinical centers. The CIGTS VF score and MD were obtained from 24-2 VF tests (Zeiss-Humphrey Systems, Dublin, CA) at two visits approximately 2 weeks apart.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although most baseline CIGTS VF scores showed limited field loss, 15% (91/607) of patients showed a substantial deficit (VF score >10 on a 0-20 scale). A small but significant learning effect was seen over the two baseline measures for CIGTS VF score and MD. CIGTS VF score and MD correlate highly (r = -0.93); both have high test-retest correlation (0.83 and 0.91, respectively). Variables associated with greater baseline VF loss for both CIGTS VF score and MD include (probabilities for VF only): male sex (P = 0.018), black race (P <or= 0.0001), lower visual acuity (P <or= 0.0001), higher intraocular pressure if more than 30 mm Hg (P = 0.0034), poor field reliability score (P <or= 0.0001), cardiovascular disease (P = 0.015), reduced patient-reported alertness (P = 0.023), and CIGTS clinical center (P <or= 0.0001). Predictors of increased CIGTS VF score variability include a midrange VF score (P <or= 0.0001), first-tested eye (P = 0.0027), reduced patient-reported alertness (P = 0.0177), increasing age (P = 0.0040), current smoker (P = 0.0014), and CIGTS clinical center (P = 0.0215).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CIGTS VF score provides a measure of VF strikingly similar to the MD. Variables associated with VF loss and VF variability may help identify patients who need greater clinical scrutiny.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. bgillesp@umich.edu
authors.forename: Brenda W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Musch
authors.forename: Kenneth E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Guire
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Lichter
authors.forename: Nancy K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Janz
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Wren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000592:standards*; D014794:Visual Fields
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents