title: Variable absorption of clavulanic acid after an oral dose of 25 mg/kg of Clavubactin and Synulox in healthy dogs.
abstract: The aims of this investigation were to calculate the pharmacokinetic parameters and to identify parameters, based on individual plasma concentration-time curves of amoxicillin and clavulanic acid in dogs, that may govern the observed differences in absorption of both drugs. The evaluation was based on the data from plasma concentration-time curves obtained following a single dose in an open, randomized, two-way crossover study involving 24 male Beagle dogs treated with two Amoxi-Clav formulations (A Clavubactin and B Synulox, each with 200/50 mg). Plasma amoxicillin and clavulanic acid concentrations were determined using validated bioassay methods. The half-life of elimination of amoxicillin was 1.5 h (t1/2 = 1.52 +/- 0.19 h, Cmax = 11.4 +/- 2.74 microg/mL), and that of clavulanic acid 0.76 h (t1/2 = 0.71 +/- 0.23 h, Cmax = 2.06 +/- 1.05 microg/mL). There was a fivefold variation in the AUCt of clavulanic acid for both formulations, while the AUCt of amoxicillin varied by a factor of 2. The mean ratio of the AUCt amoxicillin : clavulanic acid was 12.7 +/- 3.65 for formulation A and 11.8 +/- 5.22 for formulation B (P = 0.51).
authors.affiliation: Institute for Anaesthesiology, University Medical Center Sint Radboud, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. t.vree@anes.umcn.nl
authors.forename: T B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Vree
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dammers
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Van Duuren
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D019818:Clavulanic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D000658:Amoxicillin