title: [Observation of nasal mucosal cilia ultrastructure of Kartagener's syndrome].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the ultrastructure of nasal mucosal cilia of Kartagener's syndrome and the operative results of 2 cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both two cases were underwent endoscopic sinus surgery. Transmission and scanning electron microscopic examinations of nasal mucosa for case 1 were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 2 cases presented situs inversus, chronic paranasal sinusitis and bronchiectasis. The electron microscopic examination showed that the shape of nasal cilia and "9 + 2" structure were normal, but the lack of inner dynein arm of cilia and confused arrangement of central pair of microtubules were confirmed. The recurrent of nasal polyps after 1-year follow-up was observed in case 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The disturbance of mucociliary clearance due to congenital ciliary structure defect might be the cause of chronic sinusitis and polyps, which might be one of reasons for poor prognosis after operation and we should pay more close attention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolarngology, Affiliated Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002923:Cilia / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007619:Kartagener Syndrome / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance / Q000502:physiology; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000473:pathology; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000473:pathology