title: Uremic malnutrition: new insights into an old problem.
abstract: Uremic malnutrition is highly prevalent and is associated with poor clinical outcomes in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Inadequate diet and a state of persistent catabolism play major roles in predisposing these patients to uremic malnutrition and appear to have an additive effect on overall outcome. Recent studies highlight the existence of a complex syndrome involving chronic inflammation, metabolic abnormalities, and hormonal derangements contributing to the increased morbidity and mortality observed in ESRD patients. Novel strategies such as appetite stimulants, anti-inflammatory drugs, and anabolic hormones along with conventional nutritional supplementation may provide potential interventions to improve clinical outcome in ESRD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Lara B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Pupim
authors.forename: T Alp
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Ikizler
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D014511:Uremia / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines