title: 2.4 A resolution crystal structure of the prototypical hormone-processing protease Kex2 in complex with an Ala-Lys-Arg boronic acid inhibitor.
abstract: This paper reports the first structure of a member of the Kex2/furin family of eukaryotic pro-protein processing proteases, which cleave sites consisting of pairs or clusters of basic residues. Reported is the 2.4 A resolution crystal structure of the two-domain protein ssKex2 in complex with an Ac-Ala-Lys-boroArg inhibitor (R = 20.9%, R(free) = 24.5%). The Kex2 proteolytic domain is similar in its global fold to the subtilisin-like superfamily of degradative proteases. Analysis of the complex provides a structural basis for the extreme selectivity of this enzyme family that has evolved from a nonspecific subtilisin-like ancestor. The P-domain of ssKex2 has a novel jelly roll like fold consisting of nine beta strands and may potentially be involved, along with the buried Ca(2+) ion, in creating the highly determined binding site for P(1) arginine.
authors.affiliation: Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, Massachusetts 02454, USA.
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Holyoak
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Fenn
authors.forename: Charles A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kettner
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Petsko
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ringe
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001665:Binding Sites; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D043484:Proprotein Convertases; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D055672:Static Electricity; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013381:Subtilisins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D001897:Boronic Acids; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D043484:Proprotein Convertases; D013381:Subtilisins; C058751:KEX2 protein, S cerevisiae; D002118:Calcium