Bioassay of a Mixture of 1,2,3,6,7,8-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and 1,2,3,7,8,9-Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (Dermal Study) for Possible Carcinogenicity (CAS No. 57653-85-7; CAS No. 19408-74-3).
Hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (HCDD) is formed as a byproduct during the manufacture of certain chlorophenols and has been found in trichlorophenol, tetrachlorophenol, pentachlorophenol and in the chlorophenol-derived herbicides 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4,5-T). From 1967 to 1970, the concentration of HCDD in commercial pentachlorophenol ranged from 0.03 to 38 ppm. Since then, HCDD levels in pentachlorophenol have been reduced to less than 1 ppm. A bioassay of a mixture of 1,2,3,6,7,8-and 1,2,3,7,8,9-hexachlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (HCDD) for possible carcinogenicity was conducted by dermal application of a suspension of this substance to Swiss-Webster mice. HCDD (0.01 &mgr;g) suspended in 0.1 ml acetone was applied to the backs of 30 mice of each sex 3 days per week for 104 weeks. During the first 16 weeks, doses were 0.005 &mgr;g HCDD per application. An additional 30 mice of each sex were pretreated with one application of 50 &mgr;g DMBA in 0.1 ml acetone 1 week before the initiation of the HCDD applications. As vehicle controls, 45 mice of each sex received 0.1 ml of acetone three times per week. Thirty animals of each sex served as untreated controls. Mean body weights of all test and vehicle control mice were comparable throughout the bioassay; mean body weights of untreated controls were higher than those of the test and vehicle-control groups. In male mice, the incidence of alveolar/bronchiolar carcinomas in the group administered only HCDD was significantly higher (P=0.045) than that in the vehicle-control group; however, the incidence was not significantly higher when compared with untreated controls. In female mice, the incidences of fibrosarcomas of the skin were significantly higher (P=0.044) in animals administered HCDD (both with and without pretreatment with DBMA) than in the untreated-control group; however, when the incidences were compared with those of the vehicle controls (relative risk=3.037) the results were not significant. Under the conditions of this bioassay, HCDD was not carcinogenic for male or female Swiss-Webster mice. Levels of Evidence of Carcinogenicity: Male Mice: Negative Female Mice: Negative Synonym: HCDD