title: Spirometry in young children: should computer-animation programs be used during testing?
abstract: Currently, computer-animation programs are frequently used to instruct and stimulate young children in performing maximal expiratory flow/volume (MEFV) curves. The reproducibility and maximal performance of MEFV manoeuvres with and without the use of two computer-animation programs (the "candles" and the "balloon" programs) were evaluated. Eighty-eight children, aged 4-8 yrs, were randomly assigned to one of the two animation programs. All children performed two series of at least three technically acceptable curves, one series with the incentive and one without, in random order. With the use of computer-animation programs, a lower proportion of children were able to fulfil international criteria for forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) reproducibility. The use of incentives improved reproducibility and performance of peak expiratory flow (PEF). Performance of FVC decreased significantly in 6-8-yr-old children using the animation programs. Training with a program for a short period of time before the formal lung-function test may be valuable. According to the results, however, the use of these programs during tests under the guidance of an experienced lung-function technician cannot be routinely recommended because of possible deteriorating effects on reproducibility and performance of forced expiratory manoeuvres.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Paediatric Pulmonology, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gracchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Laag
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: van der Ent
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011897:Random Allocation; D012984:Software; D013147:Spirometry / Q000379:methods*; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis