title: Induction of interleukin-6 gene expression by pro-inflammatory cytokines and black-pigmented Bacteroides in human pulp cell cultures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of pro-inflammatory cytokines and black-pigmented Bacteroides on the expression of IL-6 gene in human pulp fibroblasts.
  
  
  METHODS
  IL-1alpha, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) and the supernatants of Porphyromonas endodontalis, P. gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia were used to evaluate IL-6 gene expression in human pulp fibroblasts. The levels of mRNAs were measured by the quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Investigations of the time dependence of IL-6 mRNA expression in pro-inflammatory cytokines-treated cells revealed a rapid accumulation of the transcript after 2 h of exposure and remained elevated throughout the 24-h incubation period. In addition, black-pigmented Bacteroides also induced IL-6 gene expression in human pulp fibroblasts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pro-inflammatory cytokines and black-pigmented Bacteroides may be involved in developing pulpal inflammation through the stimulation of IL-6 production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry, Department of Oral Pathology, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: L-C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: C-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: F-M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: C-M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: C-C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Y-C
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001439:Bacteroides / Q000235:genetics*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000502:physiology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000235:genetics*; D017861:Porphyromonas / Q000235:genetics; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000235:genetics; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha