title: High-density lipoprotein stimulates endothelial cell migration and survival through sphingosine 1-phosphate and its receptors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level is inversely correlated with the risk of atherosclerosis. However, the cellular mechanism by which HDL exerts antiatherogenic actions is not well understood. In this study, we focus on the lipid components of HDL as mediators of the lipoprotein-induced antiatherogenic actions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HDL and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) stimulated the migration and survival of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. These responses to HDL and S1P were almost completely inhibited by pertussis toxin and other specific inhibitors for intracellular signaling pathways, although the inhibition profiles of migration and survival were different. The HDL-stimulated migration and survival of the cells were markedly inhibited by antisense oligonucleotides against the S1P receptors EDG-1/S1P1 and EDG-3/S1P3. Cell migration was sensitive to both receptors, but cell survival was exclusively sensitive to S1P1. The S1P-rich fraction and chromatographically purified S1P from HDL stimulated cell migration, but the rest of the fraction did not, as was the case of the cell survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HDL-induced endothelial cell migration and survival may be mediated by the lipoprotein component S1P and the lipid receptors S1P1 and S1P3.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan.
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Enkhzol
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Malchinkhuu
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tomura
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamama
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Fumikazu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Okajima
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D017270:Lipoprotein(a) / Q000494:pharmacology; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000494:pharmacology; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017270:Lipoprotein(a); D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D013110:Sphingosine