title: Humoral and cellular immune responses to Trypanosoma cruzi-derived paraflagellar rod proteins in patients with Chagas' disease.
abstract: Sera and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from patients displaying different clinical symptoms as well as from normal uninfected individuals (NI) were used to evaluate the humoral and cellular responses of Chagas' disease patients to Trypanosoma cruzi-derived paraflagellar rod proteins (PFR). Our results show that sera from both asymptomatic Chagas' disease patients (ACP) and cardiac Chagas' disease patients (CCP) have higher levels of antibodies to PFR than sera from NI. Immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) and IgG3 were the main Ig isotypes that recognized PFR. We also tested three recombinant forms of PFR, named rPAR-1, rPAR-2, and rPAR-3, by Western blot analysis. Sera from seven out of eight patients with Chagas' disease recognized one of the three rPAR forms. Sera from 75, 50, and 37.5% of Chagas' disease patients tested recognized rPAR-3, rPAR-2, and rPAR-1, respectively. PFR induced proliferation of 100 and 70% of PBMC from ACP and CCP, respectively. Further, stimulation of cells from Chagas' disease patients with PFR enhanced the frequencies of both small and large CD4(+) CD25(+) and CD4(+) CD69(+) lymphocytes, as well as that of small CD8(+) CD25(+) lymphocytes. Finally, we evaluated the ability of PFR to elicit the production of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) by PBMC from patients with Chagas' disease. Fifty percent of the PBMC from ACP as well as CCP produced IFN-gamma upon stimulation with PFR. PFR enhanced the percentages of IFN-gamma-producing cells in both CD3(+) and CD3(-) populations. Within the T-cell population, large CD4(+) T lymphocytes were the main source of IFN-gamma.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunopathology, René Rachou Research Center-Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Michailowsky
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Luhrs
authors.forename: Manoel Otávio C
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Rocha
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fouts
authors.forename: Ricardo T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Gazzinelli
authors.forename: Jerry E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Manning
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000032:analysis; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000032:analysis; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000276:immunology*; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D017252:CD3 Complex; D016207:Cytokines; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C045519:paraflagellar rod proteins, Trypanosoma brucei