title: Notes on antipsychiatry.
abstract: The present paper aims to provide a review of the history and basic principles of the antipsychiatric movement, as well as to discuss the work of its most important theorists. The authors searched recent literature, as well as drawing upon some of the basic antipsychiatric texts. Antipsychiatry emerged as an international movement during the 1960s as part of the historic tumult of the period rather than as a result of the evolution of scientific ideas. Antipsychiatrists radically opposed what they understood as a hospital-centered medical specialty legally empowered to treat and institutionalize mentally disordered individuals. Indeed, many antipsychiatrists argued against the very existence of mental disorders themselves. After the 1970s, the antipsychiatry movement became increasingly less influential, due in particular to the rejection of its politicized and reductionistic understanding of psychiatry.
authors.affiliation: mberlim@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Marcelo T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Berlim
authors.forename: Marcelo P A
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Fleck
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shorter
mesh_terms: D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000266:history* / Q000628:therapy; D011287:Prejudice; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000266:history* / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D012922:Social Change / Q000266:history*; D006113:United Kingdom; D014481:United States