title: An efficient protocol for the production of triploid plants from endosperm callus of neem, Azadirachta indica A. Juss.
abstract: Triploid plants of neem were obtained by immature endosperm culture. Immature seeds, at the early dicotyledonous stage of embryo development, is the best explant to raise endosperm callus on MS + NAA (5 mumol/L) + BAP (2 mumol/L) + CH (500 mg L-1). Maximum shoot bud differentiation from the endosperm callus occurred on MS + 5 mumol/L BAP. Shoots were multiplied by forced axillary branching and rooted in vitro. The plants were established in soil. Over 66% of the plants were triploid with chromosome number 2n = 3x = 36. A characteristic feature of the shoots of endosperm origin is the presence of a large number of multi-cellular glands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi-110021, India. rakhi_chaturvedi@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Rakhi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chaturvedi
authors.forename: Maharaj K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Razdan
authors.forename: Sant S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bhojwani
mesh_terms: D031601:Azadirachta / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development*; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D011123:Polyploidy