title: Vocal fold motion impairment in patients with multiple system atrophy: evaluation of its relationship with swallowing function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vocal fold motion impairment (VFMI), especially vocal fold abductor paralysis, is frequently seen in multiple system atrophy (MSA). Since the regulation system of laryngeal function is closely related to swallowing function, swallowing function is considered to be more involved in MSA patients with VFMI than in patients that do not have VFMI. However, the relationship between dysphagia and VFMI in MSA patients has not been systematically explored.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the relationship between VFMI and dysphagia in MSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated swallowing function of 36 MSA patients with and without VFMI, by videofluoroscopy, and investigated the relationship between VFMI and pharyngeal swallowing function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VFMI was found in 17 patients (47.2%). Patients with VFMI had advanced severity of the disease. Although there was a tendency for bolus stasis at the pyriform sinus and the upper oesophageal sphincter opening to be more involved in patients with VFMI, statistical analysis did not show significant differences in swallowing function of MSA patients between with and without VFMI. In contrast, patients who underwent a tracheotomy ultimately required tube feeding or a laryngectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Appearance of VFMI is a sign of disease progression but does not necessary mean patients should change their way of taking nutrition. However, MSA patients who need a tracheotomy might have advanced to a high-risk group for dysphagia. Appropriate evaluation and treatment for VFMI and dysphagia are required to maintain patients' quality of life in MSA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan. rhigo-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Higo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tayama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nitou
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019578:Multiple System Atrophy / Q000150:complications*; D010614:Pharynx / Q000502:physiology; D014741:Video Recording; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology