title: Validation of a blind transpyloric feeding tube placement technique in pediatric intensive care: rapid, simple, and highly successful.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nasogastric feeding in intensive care is poorly tolerated as a result of gastroparesis. Transpyloric (TP) feeding has been limited by difficulty in tube placement. This study was to independently validate the success rate of a previously published bedside TP feeding tube (FT) placement technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective interventional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) in a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children whose intensivist requested TP feeding, and who were without known fundoplication, pharyngeal trauma, or gastric ulceration.
  
  
  METHODS
  After informed consent, an unweighted polyurethane feeding tube with a flexible wire stylet was inserted using a standard technique with metoclopramide, right lateral position, and air insufflation during advancement until <2 mL air could be aspirated after insufflation of 5-10 mL air. The tubes were inserted by one of the authors, whose training was only to observe one insertion, then perform one insertion with supervision.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient demographics, procedural data, and success rate based on radiography were prospectively recorded. There were 71 insertions on 38 patients from February 1999 to October 1999. Patients were aged 56 +/- 69.8 months, weighed 17.8 +/- 18 kg, 69% were ventilated, and 56% received procedural sedation. Success rate for TP-FT placement was 63/71 insertions (88.7%) in an average of 7.43 +/- 6.85 mins (median, 5 mins; range, <1-45 mins); of 38 patients, 36 had a successful TP- FT (95%). Insertion was well tolerated. Of the successful TP-FTs, on day 1 (n = 63) the FT was in distal duodenum or jejunum in 51% and by days 3-5 (n = 51), this increased to 75%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bedside placement of a TP-FT with this technique is simple, rapid, well tolerated, and highly successful with little training. Immediate radiograph to confirm TP placement may not always be necessary. In our experience, this technique has obviated the need to search for another method to achieve a transpyloric feeding tube.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, the University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Joffe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gresiuk