title: Bond failure and decalcification: A comparison of a cyanoacrylate and a composite resin bonding system in vivo.
abstract: This prospective, in vivo study compared bond failure and enamel decalcification with a cyanoacrylate bracket bonding system (SmartBond, Gestenco International, Gothenburg, Sweden) and a traditional light-cured composite system (Light Bond, Reliance Orthodontic Products, Itasca, Ill). A total of 327 teeth were evaluated after a period of 12 to 14 months; 163 experimental teeth were bonded with the cyanoacrylate bonding system, and 164 control teeth were bonded with the light-cured composite resin. All teeth were evaluated for breakage (bond failure). The average percentage of bracket failures with cyanoacrylate was 55.6% compared with 11.3% with composite resin (P <.001). All maxillary anterior teeth (94) were evaluated for enamel decalcification on a graded scale. Occurrence of enamel decalcification between the 2 bonding systems after 1 year of orthodontic treatment was similar. The cyanoacrylate bonding material had more than 4 times as many bond failures and a similar amount of decalcification as the traditional composite material. Cyanoacrylate as a routine orthodontic bonding agent is not a suitable bonding material for clinical practice at this time. It is important to test new bonding systems in vivo in several studies before using them in routine clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Maxwell S. Fogel Department of Dental Medicine, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Phialdelphia, PA 19141-3098, USA.
authors.forename: Phu T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Borislow
authors.forename: Leonard E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Braitman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003487:Cyanoacrylates / Q000737:chemistry*; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000473:pathology; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003487:Cyanoacrylates; D003738:Dental Cements; C429652:Reliance Light Bond; D019279:Resin Cements; C449140:Smartbond