title: Transepithelial migration of neutrophils in response to leukotriene B4 is mediated by a reactive oxygen species-extracellular signal-regulated kinase-linked cascade.
abstract: The epithelial cells that form a barrier lining the lung airway are key regulators of neutrophil trafficking into the airway lumen in a variety of lung inflammatory diseases. Although the lipid mediator leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4)) is known to be a principal chemoattractant for recruiting neutrophils to inflamed sites across the airway epithelium, the precise signaling mechanism involved remains largely unknown. In the present study, therefore, we investigated the signaling pathway through which LTB(4) induces transepithelial migration of neutrophils. We found that LTB(4) induces concentration-dependent transmigration of DMSO-differentiated HL-60 neutrophils and human polymorphonuclear neutrophils across A549 human lung epithelium. This effect was mediated via specific LTB(4) receptors and was inhibited by pretreating the cells with N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an oxygen free radical scavenger, with diphenylene iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of NADPH oxidase-like flavoproteins, or with PD98059, an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) inhibitor. Consistent with those findings, LTB(4)-induced ERK phosphorylation was completely blocked by pretreating cells with NAC or DPI. Taken together, our observations suggest LTB(4) signaling to transepithelial migration is mediated via generation of reactive oxygen species, which leads to downstream activation of ERK. The physiological relevance of this signaling pathway was demonstrated in BALB/c mice, in which intratracheal instillation of LTB(4) led to acute recruitment of neutrophils into the airway across the lung epithelium. Notably, the response to LTB(4) was blocked by NAC, DPI, PD98059, or CP105696, a specific LTB(4) receptor antagonist.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Biotechnology, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Chang-Hoon
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Min-Hyuk
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Sung-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yeung-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.forename: Chu-Myong
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.forename: Jae-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D015194:Diffusion Chambers, Culture; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases