title: Transgenic overexpression of the oncofetal RNA binding protein KOC leads to remodeling of the exocrine pancreas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the function of the oncofetal RNA-binding protein, K-homologous (KH) domain containing protein overexpressed in cancer (KOC), we studied the effect of a constitutive reexpression of KOC in transgenic mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transgenic mouse lines expressing KOC under the control of the mouse metallothionein promoter were generated and were shown to express the 69-kilodalton protein. Two mouse lines with moderate to strong gene expression of the transgene were further analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pancreas of KOC-transgenic mice showed progressive morphologic alterations, including an increased proliferation of acinar cells, acinar-ductal metaplasia, net loss of acinar tissue, and the appearance of numerous interstitial cells. Acinar-ductal metaplasia led to the development of duct-like structures exhibiting the characteristics of normal intralobular ducts. Interstitial cells expressed markers of endocrine or ductal differentiation. Nerve growth factor alpha (NGF-alpha) and the GTPase kir/Gem were identified as potential targets of KOC by expression profiling analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reexpression of KOC in the transgenic model is apparently incompatible with the maintenance of a fully differentiated, adult acinar phenotype and may lead to a more fetal ductal phenotype via acinar-ductal metaplasia. This and the appearance of interstitial cells with a ductal and endocrine differentiation capacity suggest that transgenic reexpression of the oncofetal gene KOC may recapitulate a developmental program active during embryogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Ulm, Robert-Koch-Strasse 8, 89081 Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kunsch
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Duerschmied
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beil
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Friederike
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Gress
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000032:analysis; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010179:Pancreas / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D005353:Fibronectins; C498777:Igf2bp3 protein, mouse; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7