title: Pulmonary coinfection by Trichomonas vaginalis and Pneumocystis sp. as a novel manifestation of AIDS.
abstract: A 41-year-old man was hospitalized, presenting increasing dyspnea and extensive ground-glass opacities on chest X-ray. Infection by human immunodeficiency virus was confirmed. Cytologic examination of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid revealed numerous trichomonads and aggregates of Pneumocystis sp. Treatment was followed by rapid improvement of respiratory symptoms and chest X-ray. The trichomonad species found in the lungs was identified as Trichomonas vaginalis by small-subunit rRNA gene amplification and sequencing. With the exception of rare cases of contamination of newborn babies during delivery, T. vaginalis has never been found in lungs in healthy or immunocompromised adults. In the present case, T. vaginalis is found as coinfecting agent. Our data, like those found in the literature, suggest that trichomonads are overlooked parasites that may be regularly implicated in diverse human pathologies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Pneumology, Infectioud Diseases and Bacteriology, Saint-Germain-en-Laye Hospital, Saint-Germain-en-Laye, France.
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duboucher
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Noël
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Durand-Joly
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gerbod
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delgado-Viscogliosi
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jouveshomme
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leclerc
authors.forename: Gian-Luigi
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Cartolano
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dei-Cas
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Capron
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Viscogliosi
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000469:parasitology; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000469:parasitology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014245:Trichomonas Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis / Q000302:isolation & purification*