title: Correlation of body temperature with protection against staphylococcal enterotoxin B exposure and use in determining vaccine dose-schedule.
abstract: The immunoprotective potential of a recombinant vaccine against the incapacitating effect of aerosolized staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in nonhuman primates is reported. SEB belongs to a family of structurally related superantigens responsible for serious, life threatening pathologies. Injecting the recombinant SEB vaccine did not induce temperature elevation in rhesus monkeys, a classical symptom of toxic-shock syndrome. No temperature elevation was noted following injection with control tetanus toxoid. In addition to 100% survival, we observed a clear correlation between vaccine dose and mitigation of temperature elevation after a lethal SEB aerosol challenge. We conclude that the recombinant SEB vaccine is non-pyrogenic and that monitoring changes in body temperature is an important biomarker of toxic shock in a primate animal model.
authors.affiliation: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Boles
authors.forename: M Louise M
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pitt
authors.forename: Ross D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: LeClaire
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: Sina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bavari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000276:immunology*; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D013209:Staphylococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology; D018089:Superantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D013686:Telemetry; D013997:Time Factors; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D004768:Enterotoxins; D013209:Staphylococcal Vaccines; D018089:Superantigens; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal