title: Effect of lipopolysaccharides on vascular endothelial growth factor expression in mouse pulp cells and macrophages.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a potent pro-angiogenic factor, might regulate the neovascularization observed in the pulp of teeth with deep caries. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) on VEGF expression in dental pulp cells. Mouse odontoblast-like cells (MDPC-23) or undifferentiated pulp cells (OD-21) were exposed to 0-20 microg ml-1Escherichia coli LPS or 0-80 microg ml-1Prevotella intermedia LPS. As controls, mouse macrophages or gingival fibroblasts were exposed to LPS, since these cells are known to secrete VEGF. The VEGF expression was evaluated by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The baseline expression levels of VEGF protein were higher in MDPC-23 and OD-21 than in fibroblasts or macrophages. Vascular endothelial growth factor protein expression was upregulated in MDPC-23 and macrophages exposed to E. coli LPS, but not in OD-21 cells or fibroblasts. Higher concentrations of P. intermedia LPS were required to induce VEGF expression in MDPC-23 cells. Treatment with LPS did not affect VEGF expression at the mRNA level in any of the cells evaluated. These results demonstrate that bacterial LPS upregulates VEGF expression in odontoblast-like cells and macrophages, and suggest that the regulation of VEGF expression occurs primarily at a post-transcriptional level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Endodontics, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, 1011 North University, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA.
authors.forename: Tatiana M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Botero
authors.forename: Maria G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mantellini
authors.forename: Wenying
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Carl T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Hanks
authors.forename: Jacques E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Nör
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008222:Lymphokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009804:Odontoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors
chemical_list: D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008222:Lymphokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors