title: The Mosaic bioprosthesis in the aortic position: seven years' results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Mosaic bioprosthesis is a stented porcine aortic valve, which combines glutaraldehyde fixation with zero-pressure and root-pressure techniques and anti-mineralization treatment with amino-oleic acid for improved hemodynamics and tissue durability. The study aim was to collect intermediate-term data of the Mosaic bioprosthesis in the aortic position, the first device having been implanted in February 1994 at the authors' institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 100 patients (49 females, 51 males) underwent aortic valve replacement with the Mosaic bioprosthesis between February 1994 and May 1999. Mean age at implant was 73.4 +/- 7.3 years. Concomitant procedures were performed in 40.0% of cases. Patients were followed up within 30 days postoperatively, after six months, and at annual intervals thereafter. Mean follow up was 3.8 years (range: 0.1-7.1 years); total follow up was 383.1 patient-years (pt-yr) and 100% complete.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Early mortality (< or = 30 days) was 3.0%; late mortality was 4.6%/pt-yr, including a valve-related mortality of 0.6%/pt-yr. Freedom from event at seven years was 96.8 +/- 1.8% for thromboembolic events, 97.2 +/- 2.0% for thrombosed bioprosthesis, 96.6 +/- 2.6% for structural valve deterioration, 98.2 +/- 1.8% for nonstructural dysfunction, 95.9 +/- 2.0% for anti-thromboembolic hemorrhage, 98.9 +/- 1.1% for endocarditis, and 93.9 +/- 3.2% for reoperation/explant. After one year, the mean systolic pressure gradient was 15.3 +/- 6.7, 14.5 +/- 5.7, 12.7 +/- 4.1 and 12.9 +/- 4.8 mmHg for 21, 23, 25 and 27 mm valves respectively; the effective orifice area (EOA) was 1.4 +/- 0.4, 1.7 +/- 0.4, 1.8 +/- 0.4 and 2.6 +/- 0.4 cm2 for 21, 23, 25 and 27 mm valves respectively; and the EOA index was 0.8 +/- 0.3, 0.9 +/- 0.2, 0.9 +/- 0.2 and 1.3 +/- 0.1 cm2/m2 respectively. The mean left ventricular mass index was decreased significantly, from 159.7 +/- 56.8 g/m2 to 137.3 +/- 40.8 g/m2, for all valve sizes after one year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical and hemodynamic performance of the Mosaic bioprosthesis was highly satisfactory during the first seven years after clinical introduction.
authors.affiliation: Krankenhaus München-Bogenhausen, Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gansera
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Botzenhardt
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Günzinger
authors.forename: Kyriakos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spiliopoulos
authors.forename: Ilias
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Angelis
authors.forename: Bernhard M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kemkes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome