Oligodendroglial-derived stress signals recruit microglia in vitro.
Rat oligodendrocytes cultured without the essential survival factors serum and insulin die over a 48 h period. Analysis of supernatants from these dying cultures reveals a microglial chemokine released in advance of significant cell death. The observed microglial chemotactic effect is dose-dependent and not due to release of cellular debris. Interferon (IFN)-gamma activated microglia are more sensitive to the microglial chemokine. We show in co-culture that recruited non-activated microglia can enhance oligodendroglial survival whereas IFN-gamma activation of microglia induces contact-dependent oligodendroglial death. Thus, whilst the initial recruitment of microglia by stressed oligodendroglia may represent part of a survival process engaged by injured cells, this does not necessarily ensure survival.
Nicholas
Richard
R
University of Cambridge, Neurology Unit, Addenbrookes' Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 2QQ, UK.
Stevens
Sarah
S
Wing
Mark
M
Compston
Alastair
A
D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000378:metabolism*