title: Laboratory and field testing of particle size-selective sampling methods for mineral dusts.
abstract: The performances of eight sampling devices were tested with mineral dusts in the laboratory and in a talc production plant. The IOM sampler was chosen as the reference method for inhalable dust, and the IOM samplers provided with the porous plastic foam media were used as the reference methods for both the thoracic and respirable aerosols. The other size-selective instruments tested included the Respicon virtual impactor, the optical GRIMM aerosol monitor, and a two-stage cascade impactor with cut points of 10 and 4 microm. The 37-mm cassettes were also included both as open- and closed-face versions. The study confirmed the usability of the IOM samplers for mineral dust, not only in its original version for the inhalable fraction but also its modified versions for the thoracic and respirable fractions. A high correlation with the two-stage impactor results is an indication of good reproducibility. The results increased the evidence that the 37-mm cassette is a poor indicator of inhalable aerosol. The concentrations obtained with both cassette methods were not only systematically too low but also showed large collection efficiency variability. Therefore, the results cannot be corrected by using correction factors. The concentrations of inhalable aerosol measured with the Respicon were generally low, but its performances for the thoracic and respirable fractions were closer to those for the reference samplers. The results also indicate that the GRIMM monitor is well-suited for such mineral dust determinations when very good accuracy is not required, but the immediate availability of the result is more important.
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Arinatie 3A, FIN-00370 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Marja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Teikari
authors.forename: Markku
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Linnainmaa
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laitinen
authors.forename: Pentti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kalliokoski
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Petri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tiitta
authors.forename: Taisto
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Raunemaa
mesh_terms: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis*; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008903:Minerals; D010316:Particle Size; D013627:Talc; D020711:Threshold Limit Values; D017132:Workplace
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D004391:Dust; D008903:Minerals; D013627:Talc