title: Autologous chondrocyte implantation using a bilayer collagen membrane: a preliminary report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present preliminary clinical experience with Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation, a new tissue-engineering technique for treatment of deep cartilage defects, in which autologous chondrocytes are seeded on a tridimensional scaffold provided by a bilayer type I-III collagen membrane.
  
  
  METHODS
  From December 1999 to January 2001, 13 patients underwent implantation procedure for deep cartilage defects. Age of patients ranged from 18 to 49 years (mean age, 35 years). The mean defect size was 3.5 cm(2) (range, 2.0-4.5 cm(2)). Clinical and functional evaluation were performed using various score systems for the ankle and the knee, and magnetic resonance imaging was performed at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Membrane structure and cellular population were investigated by light microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and electrophoresis before implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-up was 6.5 months (range, 2-15 months). No complications were observed in the postoperative period. The 6 patients with a minimum follow-up of 6 months showed an improvement in clinical and functional status after surgery. Magnetic resonance images showed the presence of hyaline-like cartilage at the site of implantation; there was evidence of chondroblasts and type II collagen inside the seeded membrane.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Matrix-induced autologous chondrocyte implantation offers several advantages with respect to the traditional cultured cell procedure. These include technical simplicity, short operating time, minimal invasiveness, and easier access to difficult sites. It appears to be a reliable method for the repair of deep cartilage defects.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University of Insubria, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cherubino
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Grassi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bulgheroni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ronga
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002356:Cartilage / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000637:transplantation*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008566:Membranes; D008875:Middle Aged; D010008:Osteochondritis Dissecans / Q000628:therapy*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III