title: Efficacy of commercial and field-strain Mycobacterium paratuberculosis vaccinations with recombinant IL-12 in a bovine experimental infection model.
abstract: The efficacy of commercial (Strain 18) and field-isolate paratuberculosis vaccine preparations was investigated. The effect of prior exposure to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis and the adjuvant effect of rIL-12 on vaccine efficacy were also tested. Both Strain 18 and field-isolate vaccines induced strong local, systemic and enteric IFN-gamma responses. A significant reduction in mycobacterial colonization was observed when calves were vaccinated with the field-isolate prior to challenge, but not following vaccination with Strain 18 vaccine. Vaccination with rIL-12 prevented infection in some calves but its overall effect on IFN-gamma response and total mycobacterial load was not statistically significant. Efficacy of paratuberculosis vaccines may be enhanced if calves are vaccinated prior to M. paratuberculosis exposure with field-isolate vaccine instead of Strain 18 vaccine currently in use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Studies, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, New Bolton Center, 382 West Street Road, 19348, Kennett Square, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Jude E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Uzonna
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chilton
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Whitlock
authors.forename: Perry L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Habecker
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Raymond W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Sweeney
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma