title: The value of color Doppler ultrasound in the prenatal diagnosis of hypoplastic umbilical artery.
abstract: The prenatal diagnosis of hypoplastic umbilical artery has recently been reported, based on the visualization of discordant size between both umbilical arteries in association with discordant umbilical artery flow velocity waveforms. In this report we present two cases of hypoplastic umbilical artery and describe the use of color flow imaging and Doppler ultrasound in the prenatal evaluation of this condition. The principal advantages of these techniques include the confirmation of blood flow within the hypoplastic artery, thus ruling out the possibility of an atrophic non-functional artery, and the demonstration of size discrepancy at the level of the intra-abdominal portion of the umbilical arteries, validating the intra-amniotic cord findings. Color Doppler ultrasound is an important tool for diagnosing and evaluating vascular anomalies affecting the umbilical cord.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Fetal Care, Royal Postgraduate Medical School, Institute of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Queen Charlotte's and Chelsea Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sepulveda
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Flack
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bower
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Fisk