title: Boosting for tumor classification with gene expression data.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microarray experiments generate large datasets with expression values for thousands of genes but not more than a few dozens of samples. Accurate supervised classification of tissue samples in such high-dimensional problems is difficult but often crucial for successful diagnosis and treatment. A promising way to meet this challenge is by using boosting in conjunction with decision trees.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We demonstrate that the generic boosting algorithm needs some modification to become an accurate classifier in the context of gene expression data. In particular, we present a feature preselection method, a more robust boosting procedure and a new approach for multi-categorical problems. This allows for slight to drastic increase in performance and yields competitive results on several publicly available datasets.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Software for the modified boosting algorithms as well as for decision trees is available for free in R at http://stat.ethz.ch/~dettling/boosting.html.
authors.affiliation: Seminar für Statistik, ETH Zürich, CH-8092, Switzerland. dettling@stat.math.ethz.ch
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dettling
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bühlmann
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D003663:Decision Trees; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity