title: Promicromonospora pachnodae sp. nov., a member of the (hemi)cellulolytic hindgut flora of larvae of the scarab beetle Pachnoda marginata.
abstract: Intestinal microorganisms play an important role in plant fiber degradation by larvae of the rose chafer Pachnoda marginata. In the hindgut of the larvae 2.5 to 7.4 x 10(8) bacteria per ml of gut content with xylanase or endoglucanase activity were found. Bacteria in the midgut were not (hemi)cellulolytic, but the alkaline environment in this part of the intestinal tract functions as a precellulolytic phase, solubilizing part of the lignocellulosic material. Accordingly, the degradation of lignocellulose-rich material in Pachnoda marginata larvae appeared to be a combination of a physico-chemical and microbiological process. A number of different facultative anaerobic and strictly anaerobic bacteria with (hemi)cellulolytic activity were isolated from the hindgut. A dominant (hemi)cellulolytic species was a Gram positive, irregular shaped, facultative aerobic bacterium. Further physiological identification placed the isolate in the genus Promicromonospora. Comparative 16S rDNA analysis and phenotypic features revealed that the isolate represented a new species for which the name Promicromonospora pachnodae is proposed. P. pachnodae produced xylanases and endoglucanases on several plant derived polymers, both under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, Nijmegen NL-6525, ED, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anne E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Cazemier
authors.forename: Jan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Verdoes
authors.forename: Frans A G
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Reubsaet
authors.forename: Johannes H P
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hackstein
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van der Drift
authors.forename: Huub J M
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Op den Camp
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002480:Cellulase; D002482:Cellulose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000254:growth & development / Q000382:microbiology*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D007814:Larva / Q000382:microbiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; D014995:Xylosidases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002482:Cellulose; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D014995:Xylosidases; D043325:Xylan Endo-1,3-beta-Xylosidase; D002480:Cellulase; C019826:carboxymethylcellulase