title: The relationship between blood lead, bone lead and child intelligence.
abstract: We report associations between serial measures of blood lead and intelligence in children age 10-12 years, half heavily exposed to lead from the prenatal period onward, and half relatively unexposed. For a subsample, we examine bone lead-IQ associations, comparing them with bone lead associations. Both blood and bone lead levels were associated with intelligence decrements, small relative to the contribution of social factors. For each doubling of Tib-Pb, Full Scale, Performance, and Verbal IQ decreased by an estimated 5.5, 6.2, and 4.1 points, respectively. Bone lead-IQ associations were stronger than those for blood lead, which nonetheless provide robust analogues. Current BPb, easy to obtain, provides a useful means for assessing Pb exposure/IQ associations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, and New York State Pyschiatric Institute, New York City, 10032, USA. wassermg@child.cpmc.columbia.edu
authors.forename: Gail A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Wasserman
authors.forename: Pam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Factor-Litvak
authors.forename: Xinhua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.forename: Jennie K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kline
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Slavkovich
authors.forename: Dusan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Popovac
authors.forename: Joseph H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Graziano
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence / Q000187:drug effects*; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D007854:Lead / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis
chemical_list: D007854:Lead