Universal spectral statistics of Andreev billiards: semiclassical approach.
The symmetry classification of complex quantum systems has recently been extended beyond the Wigner-Dyson classes. Several of the novel symmetry classes can be discussed naturally in the context of superconducting-normal hybrid systems such as Andreev billiards and graphs. In this paper, we give a semiclassical interpretation of their universal spectral form factors in the ergodic limit.
Gnutzmann
Sven
S
Institut für Theoretische Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany. gnutz@physik.fu-berlin.de
Seif
Burkhard
B
von Oppen
Felix
F
Zirnbauer
Martin R
MR