title: Overexpression of mutated MRP4 in cisplatin resistant small cell lung cancer cell line: collateral sensitivity to azidothymidine.
abstract: Cisplatin (CDDP) resistance is one of the major impediments in cancer chemotherapy. In an attempt to define this complex mechanism(s) of resistance, we have identified 7 cDNA fragments which are overexpressed in CDDP resistant small cell lung cancer cell line (SR-2) using PCR selected cDNA subtraction. One of these fragments was identical with nucleotide 3657-4042 of MRP4. The other fragments share sequence homology with elongation factor alpha, human placenta villi cDNA, heat shock protein (Hsp70), ribosomal RNA, BNP1 brain specific Na-dependent inorganic phosphate cotransporter and telomeric catalytic subunit. Examination of other MRP members (MRP1, 2, 3, 5, 6) did not show discernable differences in their expression between the parental (SCLC1) and the CDDP-resistant variant (SR-2). Full length MRP4 cDNA was obtained from SCLC1 and SR-2. Both cell lines carry a point mutation at nucleotide 3532 while SR-2 carries two additional mutations at 3228 and 3246. Since MRP4 is known to transport azidiothymidine (AZT) and overexpression of MRP4 confers AZT resistance, we have studied growth inhibitory effects of AZT and [3H]-AZT accumulation. Interestingly, SR-2 is more sensitive to AZT while accumulating lesser amounts of [3H]-AZT. The thymidine kinase activity is similar in both cell lines. Thus, the increased sensitivity to AZT in SR-2 could not be solely due to mutation of MRP4. These findings are most likely due to the inhibitory effects of telomere catalytic subunit by AZT. Thus, certain biochemical changes induced by CDDP can be explored for future treatment to overcome this form of resistance.
authors.affiliation: Hematology/Oncology, VA Medical Center, Room D1010, 1201 NW 16th Street, Miami, FL 33125, USA. nsavaraj@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Niramol
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Savaraj
authors.forename: Chunjing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Medhi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wangpaichitr
authors.forename: Macus Tien
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lampidis
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robles
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Furst
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feun
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D002384:Catalysis; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D004351:Drug Resistance; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D009154:Mutation; D017354:Point Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D013937:Thymidine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D002945:Cisplatin; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D013937:Thymidine Kinase; D015215:Zidovudine; C073492:ABCC4 protein, human