title: Bedside burr hole for intracranial pressure monitoring performed by anaesthetist-intensive care physicians. Extending the practice to the entire ICU team.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To evaluate the effects of extending the practice of bedside burr hole for intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring to the entire ICU team.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  a 10-year observational cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A general-neurologic 12-bed ICU of a University Hospital with 10 full-time specialists in anaesthesia-intensive care.
  
  
  METHODS
  patients admitted for acute neurologic lesions requiring ICP monitoring.
  
  
  METHODS
  ICP monitoring was performed by means of intraparenchymal fiberoptic cathe-ters. Rates of successfully performed procedures and complications were compared between 2 study periods: January 1990 - August 1997, in which the procedure was performed by 2 experienced physicians (group 1), and September 1997-July 2000 in which the procedure was extended to the entire team (group 2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred and seventy patients had 293 catheters positioned (group 1=180; 2=113). The procedure was successfully performed in all cases. Occurrence of complications was similar in the 2 groups: minor surgical wound infections (3.3%; 2.6%); meningitis (0.5%; 0); scalp (3.9%; 2.6%) and dural (5.0%; 6.2%) bleeding; intracranial haematoma (1.1%; 1.8%). Two of these latter (1 for each group) required surgical evacuation. Twelve anaesthetist-intensive care physicians were trained, and they were able to perform burr hole for ICP monitoring without help after 2-3 assisted procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extending the practice of ICP monitoring to the entire ICU team is safe and feasible. To decide whether or not to implement this technique, one should consider the high costs on one side and prompt availability of ICP monitoring on the other. Haemorrhagic and infectious complications are comparable to those of neurosurgical series.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anaesthesia-Intensive Care, University of Brescia, Spedali Civili, Brescia, Italy. latronic@med.unibs.it
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Latronico
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marino
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Rasulo
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stefini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schembari
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Candiani
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000458:organization & administration; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems