title: Cortical blindness after contrast-enhanced CT: complication in a patient with diabetes insipidus.
abstract: Transient cortical blindness is an uncommon but well-known complication following cerebral angiography. One possible cause of this complication is an adverse reaction to contrast agent, resulting in an osmotic disruption of the blood-brain barrier that seems to be selective for the occipital cortex. We report the case of a 16-year-old male patient with cortical blindness after intravenous application of nonionic contrast agent during CT angiography performed because of seizure that was attributed to thrombosis of the basilar artery on the basis of clinical findings. To our knowledge, the development of cortical blindness after CT angiography has not been described in the literature. The patient's symptoms were triggered by hyponatriemia and diabetes insipidus.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Jena, Bachstrasse 18, 07740 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Hans-Joachim
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Mentzel
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blume
authors.forename: Ansgar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malich
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fitzek
authors.forename: Jürgen R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Reichenbach
authors.forename: Werner A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Kaiser
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016080:Arachnoid Cysts / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019575:Blindness, Cortical / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D004830:Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D007089:Image Enhancement; D007472:Iohexol / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009778:Occipital Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D012075:Remission, Spontaneous; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014715:Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007472:Iohexol; C038192:iopromide