title: Vascular endothelial growth factor increases heme oxygenase-1 protein expression in the chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane.
abstract: (1) Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic factor. It has been recently suggested that the inducible heme oxygenase (HO-1) isoform may play a role in angiogenesis. (2) The aims of this study were to determine, in chicken embryo chorioallantoic membranes (CAM), whether VEGF increases HO-1 protein expression, and, if so, by which molecular mechanism, and whether HO-1 activity is required for VEGF-induced angiogenesis. (3) Treatment of CAMs with VEGF for 48 h caused a significant increase in HO-1 protein expression, simultaneously with angiogenesis. (4) VEGF-stimulated angiogenesis in CAMs was markedly attenuated by the HO inhibitor zinc mesoporphyrin (ZnMP). This inhibitory effect of ZnMP was not observed with copper mesoporphyrin (CuMP), a metalloporphyrin that has a similar structure to ZnMP but does not inhibit HO enzymatic activity. (5) Overexpression of HO-1 protein elicited by VEGF in CAMs was significantly attenuated by the intracellular calcium chelator 1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid-acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM). The effects of BAPTA-AM were, in turn, compensated by the calcium ionophore A-23187. (6) In addition, the protein kinase C inhibitor staurosporine significantly attenuated, in a dose-dependent manner, the VEGF-stimulated HO-1 induction observed in CAMs. (7) These results demonstrate, for the first time, that VEGF upregulates HO-1 protein expression in vivo in CAMs by a mechanism dependent on an increase in cytosolic calcium levels and activation of protein kinase C. Our findings also suggest that HO-1 activity is necessary for VEGF-induced angiogenesis in CAMs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. mlobato@medicina.ub.es
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Herbert L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Bonkovsky
mesh_terms: D000482:Allantois / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002823:Chorion / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology*; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C496541:HMOX1 protein, human; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1