title: Rapid transport of phospholipids across the plasma membrane of Leishmania infantum.
abstract: The internalization of fluorescent phospholipid analogs of phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylserine (PS), and sphingomyelin (SM) in Leishmania infantum promastigotes was studied. We observed a rapid inward redistribution of NBD-PC, -PE, and -PS across the plasma membrane at 28 and 4 degrees C. This internalization was shown to be independent of the endocytic activity of parasites. Rapid inward movement was coupled to an energy-dependent transporter because it was almost inhibited by depletion of cellular ATP and was blocked after pretreatment with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). In contrast, NBD-SM traverses the plasma membrane by passive flip-flop. By comparing this pattern of phospholipid transbilayer movement with those known from other eukaryotic cells, candidate lipid transporters are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Parasitologi;a y Biomedicina López-Neyra, C.S.I.C., Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: José Ma
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Araújo-Santos
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gamarro
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Castanys
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pomorski
mesh_terms: D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D018314:Leishmania infantum / Q000378:metabolism*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000378:metabolism; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines / Q000378:metabolism; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism*; D013109:Sphingomyelins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C078632:1-acyl-2-(12-((7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)amino)dodecanoyl)phosphatidylcholine; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C034296:N-(7-nitro-2,1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl)phosphatidylserine; C041065:N-4-nitrobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazoleaminocaproyl sphingosylphosphorylcholine; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010714:Phosphatidylethanolamines; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D010743:Phospholipids; D013109:Sphingomyelins; C042077:N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl)phosphatidylethanolamine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D009327:4-Chloro-7-nitrobenzofurazan