title: HIV type 1 infection in Pygmy hunter gatherers is from contact with Bantu rather than from nonhuman primates.
abstract: To investigate the route of zoonotic transmission of HIV-1, we isolated three and seven HIV-1 strains from 449 Pygmy hunter gatherers and 169 neighboring Bantu, respectively, in southern Cameroon. Phylogenetic analysis based on pol-integrase and env-C2V3 sequences revealed that strains from Pygmies were 1CRF02_AG/CRF02_AG, 1 subtype G/CRF02 AG (pol/env), and 1 CRFll_cpx/CRF11_cpx, and that those from Bantu were 2 CRF02_AG/CRF02_AG, 1 CRF02_AG/CRF01_AE/A, 1 CRF02_AG/subtype A, 1 G/A, 1G/CRF02_AG, and 1 unclassified fH. CRF02_AG and CRF11_cpx have been identified in Cameroon. The results suggest that HIV-1 has been introduced into Pygmies through their neighboring Bantu rather than directly from nonhuman primates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Viral Infection and International Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Japan. ndembinic@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Nicaise
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ndembi
authors.forename: Yumo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Habakkuk
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takehisa
authors.forename: Taichiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ngansop
authors.forename: Elijah
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Songok
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ido
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayami
authors.forename: Lazare
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaptue
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ichimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002163:Cameroon / Q000208:ethnology; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000235:genetics; D015684:Gene Products, pol / Q000235:genetics; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology; D019427:HIV Integrase / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D044468:Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D044469:Racial Groups; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D015686:Gene Products, env; D015684:Gene Products, pol; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019427:HIV Integrase