title: Multiple sclerosis and depression: influence of interferon beta therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Depression is frequently part of the clinical picture of multiple sclerosis (MS). Major depression affects one in two patients with MS during the course of their lifetime. Our objectives were to determine first, whether interferon beta-1a (IFNbeta-1a) treatment increases the risk or level of depression and, secondly, whether depression status and depression evolution are related to the clinical characteristics of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated 106 consecutive patients with relapsing remitting MS treated with IFNbeta-1a (Avonex). Patients with evidence of severe depression were excluded. The depression status, scored on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II) (stratified as minimum, mild, moderate or severe level), and disability, scored on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS), were evaluated before and after 12 months of IFNbeta-1a treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, 85% of patients had a minimum or a mild depression status and after 12 months of treatment most of them (83%) retained their baseline status. Beck scores before and after treatment were not significantly different (P = 0.63). There was no correlation between age, gender, duration of illness or EDSS score and Beck score at baseline (P = 0.696). Patients with disability progression after one year of IFNbeta-1a treatment had a significantly higher Beck score at baseline than patients without disability progression (P = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IFNbeta-1a (Avonex) does not seem to significantly influence the depression status of MS patients even in those with disability progression.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital R. Salengro, CHRU Lille, 59037 Lille Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Hélène
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zephir
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Seze
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stojkovic
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Delisse
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferriby
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cabaret
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vermersch
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016899:Interferon-beta; D000068556:Interferon beta-1a