title: Aortomyoplasty: hemodynamics and comparison to the intraaortic balloon pump.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aortomyoplasty (AMP), a procedure in which the latissimus dorsi muscle (LDM) is wrapped around the aorta and stimulated during diastole, is a potential method of chronic counterpulsation. Counterpulsation by the intraaortic balloon pump (IABP) is a proven treatment for ischemic coronary syndrome and heart failure but cannot be used chronically. This study examined the long-term potential of a unique AMP configuration and compared its performance to the IABP.
  
  
  METHODS
  AMP was done using a wringer configuration (AMP-W) in nine dogs. Six and 12 months later, acute hemodynamic augmentation was evaluated by measuring differences in mean diastolic aortic pressure (mDAP), peak left ventricular pressure (pLVP), and the endocardial viability ratio (EVR) between stimulated and unstimulated beats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The diastolic augmentation obtained by AMP-W at 6 months and by AMP-W and IABP at 12 months was statistically significant. Additionally, the enhancements in EVR (16.1 +/- 4.3%), mDAP (8.6 +/- 2.5%), and pLVP (-1.8 +/- 1.0%) at 6 months were similar to those in EVR (19.1 +/- 5.2%), mDAP (13.1 +/- 3.6%), and pLVP (-0.8 +/- 1.3%) at 12 months. Most importantly, the augmentation obtained by AMP-W at 12 months was similar to that of the IABP: EVR (17.1 +/- 5.9%), mDAP (13.4 +/- 6.7%), and pLVP (-1.5 +/- 0.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AMP-W is a safe, robust procedure, capable of providing counterpulsation equivalent to the IABP, 12 months following surgery. The potential for AMP-W to offer chronic counterpulsation and to benefit the ischemic heart should be investigated further.
authors.affiliation: Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-5011, USA.
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Sherwood
authors.forename: Steve J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Schomisch
authors.forename: Dirk R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Brian L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Cmolik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D007423:Intra-Aortic Balloon Pumping; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*