title: Correlation of haemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion protein content with protective antibody response after immunisation with inactivated Newcastle disease vaccines.
abstract: The correlation between the antigen content of inactivated Newcastle disease (ND) oil emulsion-vaccines and the serological response after immunisation was studied. The haemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and fusion (F) proteins of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) were quantified in 33 inactivated oil-adjuvanted ND vaccines using isopropylmyristate (IPM)-extraction and antigen ELISAs. These commercial vaccines differed in NDV-vaccine strain, the method applied to inactivate the vaccine virus, the vaccine valence and the composition of the oil emulsions. Large differences, up to 100-fold, in the antigen quantities present in different vaccines were found. The NDV-HN content and the NDV-F content of the vaccines both highly correlated with the haemagglutination-inhibiting (HI) antibody titres after immunisation. These correlation's were found over a 10,000-fold range of applied antigen. The antigen content of the oil emulsion-vaccines also highly correlated with virus neutralising antibody titres. The presence of serum HI antibody titres in individual specific pathogens free (SPF)-chickens after immunisation with inactivated ND vaccines was highly indicative for clinical protection against challenge with the virulent NDV-Herts strain. Our results are the first to demonstrate that the protective serological response after immunisation highly correlates with the antigen content of oil-adjuvanted vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Central Institute of Animal Disease Control Lelystad (CIDC-Lelystad), P.O. Box 2004, 8203 AA, Lelystad, The Netherlands. h.a.maas@id.wag-ur.nl
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Maas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Diepen
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Oei
authors.forename: I J T M
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Claassen
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D002645:Chickens; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004655:Emulsions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007114:Immunization; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology*; D009821:Oils; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004655:Emulsions; D006388:Hemagglutinins; D009821:Oils; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D009439:Neuraminidase