title: Characterization of DNA strand transfer promoted by Mycobacterium smegmatis RecA reveals functional diversity with Mycobacterium tuberculosis RecA.
abstract: The RecA-like proteins constitute a group of DNA strand transfer proteins ubiquitous in eubacteria, eukarya, and archaea. However, the functional relationship among RecA proteins is poorly understood. For instance, Mycobacterium tuberculosis RecA is synthesized as a large precursor, which undergoes an unusual protein-splicing reaction to generate an active form. Whereas the precursor was inactive, the active form promoted DNA strand transfer less efficiently compared to EcRecA. Furthermore, gene disruption studies have indicated that the frequencies of allele exchange are relatively lower in Mycobacterium tuberculosis compared to Mycobacterium smegmatis. The mechanistic basis and the factors that contribute to differences in allele exchange remain to be understood. Here, we show that the extent of DNA strand transfer promoted by the M. smegmatis RecA in vitro differs significantly from that of M. tuberculosis RecA. Importantly, M. smegmatis RecA by itself was unable to promote strand transfer, but cognate or noncognate SSBs rendered it efficient even when added prior to RecA. In the presence of SSB, MsRecA or MtRecA catalyzed strand transfer between ssDNA and varying lengths of linear duplex DNA with distinctly different pH profiles. The factors that were able to suppress the formation of DNA networks greatly stimulated strand transfer reactions promoted by MsRecA or MtRecA. Although the rate and pH profiles of dATP hydrolysis catalyzed by MtRecA and MsRecA were similar, only MsRecA was able to couple dATP hydrolysis to DNA strand transfer. Together, these results provide insights into the functional diversity in DNA strand transfer promoted by RecA proteins of pathogenic and nonpathogenic species of mycobacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ganesh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muniyappa
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020102:Mycobacterium smegmatis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes / Q000737:chemistry; D011938:Rec A Recombinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D005971:Glutamates; D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D011938:Rec A Recombinases; D008274:Magnesium