title: Distribution of the secondary type III secretion system locus found in enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolates among Shiga toxin-producing E. coli strains.
abstract: The ability of the complete genome sequence of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli O157 led to the identification of a 17-kb chromosomal region which contained a type III secretion system gene cluster at min 64.5. This locus contains open reading frames whose amino acid sequences show high degrees of similarity with those of proteins that make up the type III secretion apparatus, which is encoded by the inv-spa-prg locus on a Salmonella SPI-1 pathogenicity island. This locus was designated ETT2 (E. coli type III secretion 2) and consisted of the epr, epa, and eiv genes. ETT2 was found in enteropathogenic E. coli strains and also in some non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC) strains, but most of them contained a truncated portion of ETT2. Most O157 isolates had a complete collection of toxin-encoding genes eae and hlyA and the ETT2 locus, while most O26 strains had toxin-encoding genes eae and hlyA genes but an incomplete ETT2 locus. Thus, an intact copy of ETT2 might mark a pathogenic distinction for particular STEC strains. Therefore, the presence of the ETT2 locus can be used for identification of truly pathogenic STEC strains and for molecular fingerprinting of the epidemic strains in humans and animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Veterinary Science, Research Center for Animal Hygiene and Food Safety, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido Institute of Public Health, Hokkaido, Japan. smakino@obihiro.ac.jp
authors.forename: Sou-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Makino
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tobe
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asakura
authors.forename: Masahisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watarai
authors.forename: Testuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeshi
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sasakawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002417:Cattle; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D022621:Shiga Toxin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D022621:Shiga Toxin