title: Moral identity and the expanding circle of moral regard toward out-groups.
abstract: This article examines moral identity and reactions to out-groups during intergroup conflict Four studies suggest that a highly self-important moral identity is associated with an expansive circle of moral regard toward out-group members (Study 1) and more favorable attitudes toward relief efforts to aid out-group members (Study 2). Study 3 examines moral identity and national identity influences on the provision of financial assistance to out-groups. Study 4 investigates the relationship between moral identity and (a) the willingness to harm innocent out-group members not involved in the conflict and (b) moral judgments of revenge and forgiveness toward out-group members directly responsible for transgressions against the in-group. Results are discussed in terms of self-regulatory mechanisms that mitigate in-group favoritism and out-group hostility.
authors.affiliation: Marketing Department, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104-6371, USA. amreed@wharton.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Americus
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Karl F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Aquino
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009014:Morals; D012649:Self Concept; D012931:Social Environment; D012938:Social Perception