title: Increased estrogen-dependent expression of calcineurin in female SLE T cells is regulated by multiple mechanisms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Calcineurin is a key mediator of T cell activation. Previous studies in our laboratory showed a dose-dependent and hormone-specific increase in calcineurin expression in the T cells from females with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). This study investigates whether the estrogen-dependent increase in calcineurin expression is due to stabilization of the messenger RNA (mRNA).
  
  
  METHODS
  T cells from female patients with SLE and controls were cultured for 18 hours in a serum-free medium with and without estradiol-17 beta (10(-7) M). Some T cells were activated by further culture on anti-CD3-coated plates. Actinomycin D (25 micrograms/mL) was added to some cultures to inhibit new mRNA synthesis. Calcineurin mRNA stability was assessed by reverse-transcription polymerase chain amplification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resting SLE (n = 9, P = .59) and normal (n = 5, P = .90) T cells showed no significant differences in mRNA stability in response to estradiol. Calcineurin mRNA was not significantly stabilized in activated SLE (n = 10, P = .12) or activated normal (n = 8, P = .09) T cells in response to estradiol. However, the amount of calcineurin mRNA stabilized in activated normal T cells (n = 8) was significantly greater (P = .02) compared with SLE T cells (n = 10) only after culture in medium without estradiol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings highlight the complex gene regulatory mechanisms underlying the differential action of estrogen on SLE T cells. Furthermore, the data indicate that increased calcineurin expression in SLE T cells is not due solely to estrogen-dependent stabilization of the message, and probably involves additional transcriptional regulatory mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS 66762, USA. vrider@pittstate.edu
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rider
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Keltner
authors.forename: Nabih I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Abdou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000378:metabolism*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D019703:Calcineurin