title: Ectopic chromosome around centrosome in metaphase cells as a marker of high-risk human papillomavirus-associated cervical intraepithelial neoplasias.
abstract: This report describes the appearance of ectopic chromosome around centrosome (ECAC) in metaphase cell nuclei of high-risk HPV-associated cervical neoplasms. ECAC are clearly visible on HE-stained sections as a tiny (approx. 0.7 micro), round, dark structure or an aggregate of filamentous chromosome, often symmetrical at bilateral centrosomes. They appear in CINs from an early stage (CIN I), with the highest incidence in HPV16-associated CIN II-III (75%), and are less common in HPV-related invasive carcinomas (21%) and in lesions associated with high-risk HPV types other than 16. Rates for ECAC-positive nuclei in metaphase preparations (ECAC rate) for each lesion ranged 3.6-30%, the average being 14.5%. ECAC appeared very rarely in CINs associated with intermediate-risk HPVs and was never encountered in HPV6/11-induced condylomas or HPV-unrelated neoplasms in other organs. ECAC may be morphologic evidence of HPV-induced chromosomal instability working as a background mechanism in cervical carcinogenesis and also a useful marker for the histopathologic differentiation of high-risk CINs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Cancer Institute of the Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research (JFCR), Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirai
authors.forename: Katsuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katase
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tate
authors.forename: Tokuichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Futoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Yo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kumada
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwasaka
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yaegashi
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
mesh_terms: D000782:Aneuploidy; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018385:Centrosome; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D019044:Image Cytometry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008677:Metaphase; D008940:Mitotic Index; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D004279:DNA, Viral