title: Antioxidative properties of Jaffa sweeties and grapefruit and their influence on lipid metabolism and plasma antioxidative potential in rats.
abstract: The effective substances (polyphenols, phenolic and ascorbic acids, flavonoids and dietary fibers) and antioxidative activities, using different radical-scavenging tests, were determined for Jaffa sweeties and grapefruit. The antioxidative activities comprised the contributions from polyphenols, phenolic acids, flavonoids and ascorbate components, and were well-correlated with polyphenols and flavonoids. The correlation coefficient between the polyphenols and antioxidative activity varied from 0.73 to 0.99. All applied methods showed that sweeties had higher antioxidative activity than grapefruit. Experiments on laboratory animals show that diets supplemented with sweeties, and to a lesser extent with grapefruit, increased the plasma antioxidative potential and improved the lipid metabolism, especially in the rats fed with added cholesterol. These findings provide additional characterization of the nutritional value of citrus fruits and their influence on the lipid metabolism in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem 91120, Israel. gorin@cc.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: Shela
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gorinstein
authors.forename: Kazutaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katrich
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leontowicz
authors.forename: Antonin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lojek
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leontowicz
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cíz
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goshev
authors.forename: Uri
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Shalev
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trakhtenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D032083:Citrus paradisi / Q000737:chemistry; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D007557:Israel; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D011108:Polymers / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D008055:Lipids; D010636:Phenols; D011108:Polymers; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002784:Cholesterol