Shock-wave-induced jetting of micron-size bubbles.
Free gas bubbles in water with radii between 7 and 55 microm subjected to a shock wave exhibit a liquid jetting phenomenon with the jet pointing in the direction of the propagating shock wave. With increasing bubble radius, the length of the jet tip increases and a lower estimate of the averaged jet velocity increases linearly from 20 to 150 m/s. At a later stage, the jet breaks up and releases micron-size bubbles. In the course of shock wave permeabilization and transfection of biological cells, this observation suggests a microinjection mechanism when the cells are near bubbles exposed to a shock wave.
Ohl
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CD
Department of Applied Physics, Physics of Fluids, TU Twente, Postbus 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
Ikink
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D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D000922:Immunotoxins / Q000737:chemistry; D008096:Lithotripsy; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D054789:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1; D000076985:Saporins; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods
D000922:Immunotoxins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D054789:Ribosome Inactivating Proteins, Type 1; C025674:GEL protein, Gelonium multiflorum; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; D000076985:Saporins