title: Delayed nonmatch-to-sample performance in HIV-seropositive and HIV-seronegative polydrug abusers.
abstract: Working memory (WM) deficits are common in HIV-seropositive (HIV+) individuals and can be amplified by manipulating a variety of task parameters, such as increasing memory load or information complexity. The authors investigated the role of timing in HIV-associated WM defects by varying the amount of time required to maintain information online while holding memory load and information complexity constant. The authors studied 50 HIV+ and 35 HIV-seronegative (HIV-) polydrug abusers abstinent at testing and well-matched on demographic variables. The HIV- group outperformed the HIV+ group across all stimulus-response time delays. HIV-associated WM defects are not critically dependent on the amount of time stimulus representations must be maintained and might be attributed to impaired encoding or retrieval of stimulus representations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois at Chicago and Chicago Veterans Health Care System-West Side Division, 60612, USA. EMMartin@uic.edu
authors.forename: Eileen M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Pitrak
authors.forename: Niles
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rains
authors.forename: Silvana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grbesic
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pursell
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nunnally
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bechara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D018023:HIV Seronegativity / Q000502:physiology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*