title: Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of different antidepressants in the rat.
abstract: The present study was designed to compare the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of different classes of antidepressant drugs on the carrageenan paw oedema and tail-electric stimulation assays in the rat. Drugs were intraperitoneally administered 30 min prior to carrageenan or nociceptive testing. The non-selective noradrenaline (NA) and serotonin (5-HT) reuptake inhibitors imipramine, amitriptyline and clomipramine displayed anti-inflammatory activity in the carrageenan model of paw inflammation. The maximal degree of oedema inhibitions seen with these agents were 28.8, 41.5 and 46.8% for 5, 10 and 20 mg kg(-1) amitriptyline, 26.2, 38.2 and 51.4% for 3.75, 7.5 and 15 mg kg(-1) imipramine and 51.2 and 54.1% for 16 and 32 mg kg(-1) clomipramine, respectively. The heterocyclic agent trazodone significantly inhibited paw oedema by 46 and 41% at 1 and 2h after dosing at the highest dose (40 mg kg(-1)) examined. Fluoxetine, a selective 5-HT reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) caused dose-related reduction of paw oedema, with 20.7% inhibition at the dose of 10 mg kg(-1). In contrast, sertraline, another SSRI caused dose-dependent enhancement of paw oedema. All antidepressant drugs in the study showed anti-nociceptive properties in the tail-electric stimulation assay with amitriptyline and trazodone being the most effective in this respect. Taken together, data in the present study confirm anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effect for some antidepressant drugs and indicate that SSRIs differently affects inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, National Research Centre, Tahrir Street, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. omasalam@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Omar M E
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Abdel-Salam
authors.forename: Salwa M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Nofal
authors.forename: Siham M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: El-Shenawy
mesh_terms: D000639:Amitriptyline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan; D002997:Clomipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004597:Electroshock; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007099:Imipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020280:Sertraline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014196:Trazodone / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D005473:Fluoxetine; D000639:Amitriptyline; D002351:Carrageenan; D002997:Clomipramine; D007099:Imipramine; D020280:Sertraline; D014196:Trazodone