title: Clinical comparison of the stain-removal efficacy of a novel liquid whitening gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide and a commercially available whitening dentifrice.
abstract: The objective of this examiner-blind clinical study was to compare the extrinsic tooth-stain removal efficacy of a novel, nontray, "paint-on" liquid whitening gel containing 18% carbamide peroxide (Colgate Simply White Clear Whitening Gel) with a commercially available whitening dentifrice. After a baseline examination for extrinsic tooth stain, qualifying adult men and women from Canada were randomized into two treatment groups balanced for age, gender, and level of extrinsic tooth stain. Subjects were instructed to brush their teeth twice daily (morning and evening) for 1 minute with their assigned dentifrice (Group 1: nonwhitening dentifrice; Group 2: whitening dentifrice). The subjects in Group 1 also were instructed to use the paint-on whitening gel for 30 minutes twice daily. Examinations for extrinsic tooth stain were repeated after 2 and 3 weeks. Ninety-seven subjects complied with the protocol and completed the entire study. At both the 2- and 3-week examinations, subjects assigned to the liquid whitening gel-treatment group exhibited statistically significant reductions in extrinsic tooth stain (P < .05) with respect to stain area (22.7% reduction at 3 weeks), stain intensity (26.3% reduction at 3 weeks), and overall stain removal (32% reduction at 3 weeks) compared with the commercially available whitening dentifrice group. Thus, the results of the examiner-blind clinical study support the conclusion that Colgate Simply White Clear Whitening Gel provides a significantly greater level of extrinsic tooth-stain removal efficacy than a commercially available whitening dentifrice.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for General Dentistry, Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ayad
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giniger
authors.forename: Howard M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Proskin
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Santarpia
authors.forename: Bernal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: DeVizio
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petrone
authors.forename: Anthony R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Volpe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D045424:Complex Mixtures; D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016877:Oxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010545:Peroxides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010710:Phosphates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: C475021:Colgate Simply White Clear Whitening Gel; D045424:Complex Mixtures; C438183:Crest Dual Action Whitening dentifrice; D003802:Dentifrices; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005782:Gels; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D010710:Phosphates; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea; D012969:Sodium Fluoride