title: Interpreting spatial variation in ozone symptoms shown by cutleaf cone flower, Rudbeckia laciniata L.
abstract: Visible injury caused by ozone is recorded every year in native plant species growing in Great Smoky Mountains National Park (USA). One of the most sensitive species, cutleaf coneflower (Rudbeckia laciniata L.), shows great variation in symptoms between and within populations but the causes of this variation and its ecological significance are currently unknown. This paper presents data relating to genetic variation, ozone concentrations, stomatal conductance and light (PAR) within populations. The data show that populations differ in genetic diversity, one consisting of only three genets while another was very diverse. In the former population, symptoms varied greatly within a single genet, pointing to a large micro-environmental influence. Measurements of ozone, stomatal conductance and PAR within plant canopies suggest that variation in symptom expression is unlikely to be due to differences in ozone flux and more likely to be due to variation in light. The variation in visible symptoms raises the question of what bioindicators actually indicate, and it suggests that symptoms should be interpreted with great caution until the underlying causes of that variation are fully understood.
authors.affiliation: School of Biology, Ridley Building, University of Newcastle, NE1 7RU, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. a.w.davison@ncl.ac.uk
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Neufeld
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Chappelka
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Finkelstein
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D010126:Ozone / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects; D036582:Rudbeckia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D013714:Tennessee
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D010126:Ozone