title: Efficacy of permethrin-impregnated uniforms in the prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iranian soldiers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One approach for prevention of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the creation of a barrier between the insect vector (phlebotoms) and the host. Many but not all researchers claim that permethrin-impregnated uniforms are effective for prevention of CL. We determined the efficacy of permethrin-impregnated uniforms for prevention of CL in Iranian soldiers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 324 soldiers were randomized to two equal groups, of which 272 soldiers completed the study. In group A, 134 soldiers were issued permethrin-impregnated uniforms. In group B, 138 soldiers were issued uniforms washed in water. The soldiers wore uniforms day and night for 3 months, and were observed for an additional period of 6 months. All the soldiers remained in the leishmania-endemic area of Isfahan during the 3 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine (6.5%) of 138 soldiers wearing control uniforms and six (4.4%) of 134 soldiers wearing permathrin-impregnated uniforms acquired CL. The difference between two groups was not statistically significant (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Permethrin-impregnated uniforms are not effective for the prevention of CL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asilian
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sadeghinia
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shariati
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imam Jome
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ghoddusi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D026023:Permethrin; D011481:Protective Clothing; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D026023:Permethrin