title: Aminoglycoside complexation with a DNA.RNA hybrid duplex: the thermodynamics of recognition and inhibition of RNA processing enzymes.
abstract: Spectroscopic and calorimetric techniques were employed to characterize and contrast the binding of the aminoglycoside paromomycin to three octamer nucleic acid duplexes of identical sequence but different strand composition (a DNA.RNA hybrid duplex and the corresponding DNA.DNA and RNA.RNA duplexes). In addition, the impact of paromomycin binding on both RNase H- and RNase A-mediated cleavage of the RNA strand in the DNA.RNA duplex was also determined. Our results reveal the following significant features: (i) Paromomycin binding enhances the thermal stabilities of the RNA.RNA and DNA.RNA duplexes to similar extents, with this thermal enhancement being substantially greater in magnitude than that of the DNA.DNA duplex. (ii) Paromomycin binding to the DNA.RNA hybrid duplex induces CD changes consistent with a shift from an A-like to a more canonical A-conformation. (iii) Paromomycin binding to all three octamer duplexes is linked to the uptake of a similar number of protons, with the magnitude of this number being dependent on pH. (iv) The affinity of paromomycin for the three host duplexes follows the hierarchy, RNA.RNA > DNA.RNA >> DNA.DNA. (v) The observed affinity of paromomycin for the RNA.RNA and DNA.RNA duplexes decreases with increasing pH. (vi) The binding of paromomycin to the DNA.RNA hybrid duplex inhibits both RNase H- and RNase A-mediated cleavage of the RNA strand. We discuss the implications of our combined results with regard to the specific targeting of DNA.RNA hybrid duplex domains and potential antiretroviral applications.
authors.affiliation: Contribution from the Department of Pharmacology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, 675 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854-5635, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: Tsai-Kun
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Shallop
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Gengcheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Barbara L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Gaffney
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Pilch
mesh_terms: D002151:Calorimetry; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D010303:Paromomycin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D016914:Ribonuclease H / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D009692:Nucleic Acid Heteroduplexes; D010303:Paromomycin; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA; D016914:Ribonuclease H; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic