title: A new epitope-based HLA-DPB matching approach for cadaver kidney retransplants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several years ago a significant impact of matching for HLA-DPB1 alleles on the survival of cadaver kidney retransplants was shown. Here we report the results of a new approach, based on matching for HLA-DPB1 epitopes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The analysis is based on 1,478 patients who received a cadaver kidney retransplant between 1988 and 1998. DNA methodology (polymerase chain reaction, sequence-specific oligonucleotides) was used to perform HLA-DPB1 typing. Epitope matching was facilitated with the aid of sequence databases and computer calculations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Matching for the HLA-DP epitopes A, B, E, and F, corresponding to the homonymous hypervariable regions of the second exon of the DPB1 gene, seems to have a greater influence on graft survival than matching for the epitopes C and D. Within a group of 529 retransplants with exactly one allelic HLA-DPB1 mismatch, a significantly better graft outcome was observed when less than two epitope mismatches were found, compared with the group with more than three epitope mismatches (at 2 years: 77.8% vs. 65.8%, P=0.0112). Importantly, patients with two DPB1 allele mismatches who had less than or equal to two epitope mismatches exhibited a significantly better graft outcome than recipients who had one HLA-DPB1 allelic mismatch but more than three epitope mismatches (at 2 years: 77.1% vs. 65.8%, P=0.0488).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings indicate that the impact of HLA-DPB1 matching on the outcome of kidney retransplants is a result of the predominant immunogenicity of certain epitopes of the HLA-DP molecule. Matching for immunogenic HLA-DPB1 epitopes seems to be functionally more relevant than classical matching at the allelic level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Transplantation Immunology, Institute of Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Germany. gunter.laux@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Laux
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mansmann
authors.forename: Ariane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deufel
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Opelz
authors.forename: Joannis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mytilineos
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D018604:Epitope Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D006085:Graft Survival; D006682:HLA-DP Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D059868:HLA-DP beta-Chains; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D006682:HLA-DP Antigens; D059868:HLA-DP beta-Chains; C071170:HLA-DPB1 antigen