title: Endodontic and surgical treatment of a geminated maxillary incisor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A geminated maxillary incisor required complex multidisciplinary treatment to preserve health and restore aesthetics. This report describes the coordination of coronal division, root extraction, bone grafting, endodontic treatment and orthodontics in achieving treatment goals. It is the intention of this report to show how a difficult case could be managed by properly coordinated multidisciplinary care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pulp testing of the geminated central right maxillary incisor gave a normal response. Radiographic investigation indicated a connection of the pulp chambers. Both the mesial and distal root were filled with gutta-percha. The connection between the two root canals was sealed with a flowable dentine-bonded resin. After dividing the crown with a diamond bur, the mesial part of the tooth was removed and the extraction socket was filled with beta-tricalcium phosphate ceramic (Cerasorb). Radiographs taken immediately after surgery and after 6 months showed no periodontal or periapical lesions. No signs of external resorption were identified. The diastema between the central incisors was closed by orthodontic treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Geminated teeth may present aesthetic and functional problems which require multidisciplinary care. Careful clinical and radiographic examination is essential to decide on the fate of the coronal and root halves involved. A proper coordination between endodontic and surgical treatment may result in maintaining one tooth half, even if a midroot connection between the pulp chambers becomes evident. Orthograde endodontic treatment, hemisection and orthodontics may solve the aesthetic problem of a geminated tooth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, University of Bonn, Welschnonnenstr. 17, D-53111 Bonn, Germany. a.braun@uni-bonn.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Appel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frentzen
mesh_terms: D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005671:Fused Teeth / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000379:methods; D019228:Tooth Crown / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes