title: Effects of ylang-ylang essential oil on the relaxation of rat bladder muscle in vitro and white rabbit bladder in vivo.
abstract: Current and primary treatment modality in overactive bladder includes the administration of anticholinergics. The demand for new agents has been rising since anticholinergics have proven to come with many side effects. This study was designed to investigate the effects of ylang-ylang essential oil (YYEO) on the relaxation of urinary bladder muscle in vitro and in vivo. Effects of YYEO were assessed on resting tension, and electrical field stimulation- and various drug-induced contraction in vitro by checking the isometric tension changes of muscle strips and same procedures were repeated in the presence of methylene blue, Nw-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME), or N-ethylmaleimide, and in vivo. YYEO decreased significantly the contractility of strips. There was no statistically significant difference between the treated group only with YYEO and the pretreated group with YYEO and methylene blue or L-NAME. When N-ethylmaleimide was employed, there was a statistically significant decrease in the rate of contraction. In vivo studies showed the same results compared with in vitro study. The results of this study indicate that YYEO has a relaxing effect on the bladder, and such mechanism is thought to be brought about by a pathway mediated by c-AMP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea. bluesky@dku.edu
authors.forename: Hyung-Jee
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Dong-Hee
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyung-Gun
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won-Cheol
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Young-Rahn
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029061:Annonaceae; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile; D028321:Plant Preparations