title: Association of 17q21-q24 gain in ovarian clear cell adenocarcinomas with poor prognosis and identification of PPM1D and APPBP2 as likely amplification targets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although tumor stage is considered a prognosticfeature for ovarian clear cell adenocarcinomas (OCCAs), it is not likely to fully account for the clinical and biological variability characteristic of the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate aberrations of DNA copy number in OCCA tumors and identify genetic markers that would increase our understanding of the pathogenesis of OCCA and assist in more accurately predicting the outcome for an individual patient with this disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined copy number aberrations among 20 primary OCCA tumors by means of comparative genomic hybridization and investigated their relationship to clinicopathological data. We also measured expression levels of candidate target genes within critical regions by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCRs and compared those data with copy number status and patient outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified several nonrandom chromosomal aberrations among the 20 primary OCCA tumors examined. Among them, gain of DNA at 17q21-q24 showed significantly negative correlation with disease-free and overall survival (P = 0.0012 and 0.0039, respectively, log-rank test). This correlation held even for patients with stage I tumors. Among 15 candidate genes within the 17q21-q24 region, we found significantly elevated expression of PPM1D and APPBP2, and their heightened expression correlated negatively with disease-free survival (P = 0.0090, log-rank test adjusted for multiple comparisons).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Information gained from our relatively large panel of OCCA tumors suggested that 17q21-q24 gain and consequent overexpression of two potential targets, PPM1D and APPBP2, are associated with malignant phenotypes of this tumor and may be useful predictors for prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cytogenetics, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirasawa
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saito-Ohara
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Susumu
authors.forename: Tetsuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.forename: Johji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Inazawa
authors.forename: Issei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Imoto
mesh_terms: D018262:Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17; D005260:Female; D018628:Gene Dosage; D006801:Humans; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C
chemical_list: D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C000607458:PPM1D protein, human; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D000071636:Protein Phosphatase 2C