title: Synthesis of new uracil-5-sulfonamide derivatives and immunostimulatory effect of a chemically modified hemolymph of Biomphalaria alexandrina on Schistosoma mansoni infected mice.
abstract: Some N-p-substituted phenyl uracil-5-sulphonamide derivatives have been synthesized to be evaluated as molluscicides against Biomphalanaria alexandrina snails, the intermediate host of Schistosoma mansoni. Schistosoma mansoni infected mice were treated with hemolymph obtained from pre-treated Biomphalana alexandrina snails with the products 4a, 10a, 10b and 4b or obtained from non-treated snails. The selection of the concentration based on the predetermined dose which caused mortality of less than 50% of snails/24 h. LC50 of compounds 4a, 10a, 10b and 4b was 50, 100, 200 and 50 ppm respectively. The result showed that immunostimulatory effect of treated hemolymph with compounds 4a, 10a and 4b was related to significant protective effects (44.4, 34.6 and 50.4% reduction in worm burden respectively). In addition, mean total worm burdens were significantly reduced in non treated hemolymph by 33.8%. The effect of hemolymph obtained from treated or non treated snails on S. mansoni adult worms antigens was studied by indirect immunofluorescence technique using chronic mouse sera (CMS). The results indicated that there was a strong reaction with epitopes in gut epithelium, tubercles, teigument and subtegumental musculature of untreated and treated S. mansoni adult worms antigens. Therefore, treatment of hemolymph obtained from pre-treated snails with compounds 4a, 10a, and 4b can stimulate specific immune response and induce protective effects against S. mansoni infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutical Chemistry, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt. omarfathalla@yahoomail.com
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Fathalla
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Haiba
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Maghraby
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D001700:Biomphalaria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D003643:Death; D005260:Female; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008975:Molluscacides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000502:physiology; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012744:Sex Ratio; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014498:Uracil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D000977:Antiparasitic Agents; D008975:Molluscacides; D013449:Sulfonamides; D014498:Uracil