title: The role of coping in maintaining the psychological well-being of mothers of adults with intellectual disability and mental illness.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mothers who have a child with intellectual disability (ID) or mental illness face a lifetime of caregiving responsibilities and challenges. The present study investigated changes over time in how mothers cope with the challenges of caring for an adult child with disabilities and the effects of changes in coping on maternal well-being.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 246 ageing mothers of adults with ID and 74 mothers of adults with mental illness was drawn from two parallel longitudinal studies of later-life caregiving.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was considerable variability at the individual level in the degree to which mothers changed over time in their use of problem-focused and emotion-focused coping strategies. For both groups, an increase in their use of emotion-focused coping led to declining levels of well-being. For the parents of adults with ID, an increase in their use of problem-focused coping resulted in a reduction in distress and an improvement in the quality of the relationship with their adult child. For the parents of adults with mental illness, an increase in the use of problem-focused coping had no effect on levels of distress, but led to an improved relationship with their adult child.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study underscores the importance of coping in the lives of older mothers of adults with disabilities.
authors.affiliation: School of Social Work, University of Indiana, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA. heakim@iupui.edu
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Greenberg
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Seltzer
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Krauss
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability; D001523:Mental Disorders; D008875:Middle Aged; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D012917:Social Adjustment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires