title: Gene-expression profiles of human tumor xenografts in nude mice treated orally with the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor ZD1839.
abstract: To date, no single or multiple molecular markers have been successful in predicting sensitivity of individual patients to anti-cancer drugs. As the nature of a specific cancer is considered to be defined by the proteins being expressed in the tumor cells, systematic analysis of gene-expression profiles may provide information reflecting sensitivity of a given tumor to certain drugs. Recent progress in genome technology has enabled us to examine expression profiles of thousands of genes in a single experiment. We used this approach to examine 13 xenografts of human tumors implanted into nude mice for sensitivity to an orally active, selective epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), ZD1839 (Iressa). To identify genes that might be associated with sensitivity to this drug we used a cDNA microarray representing 23,040 genes to analyze expression profiles of the 13 xenografts and identified 114 genes whose expression levels correlated significantly with sensitivity of the tumors to ZD1839. We then investigated alteration of expression profiles in response to the ZD1839 treatment in four non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) xenografts, of which two (LC6 and LC11) were sensitive and the other two (Lu116 and L27) were resistant to this EGFR-TKI. Systematic analysis of expression at various time points during oral treatment for 14 days, compared with corresponding untreated samples, identified a set of genes whose expression levels changed in the two sensitive tumors but not in the two resistant tumors. The data obtained here should provide useful information on the molecular mechanism underlying clinical responses to EGFR-TKIs, aid the development of novel therapies for lung cancer, and potentially identify predictive molecular markers for sensitivity to ZD1839.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Human Genome Center, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zembutsu
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Yataro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Daigo
authors.forename: Toyomasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katagiri
authors.forename: Takefumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Soji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kakiuchi
authors.forename: Chiyoko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nishime
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D000077156:Gefitinib; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D011799:Quinazolines; D012313:RNA; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000077156:Gefitinib