Genetic diversity of microsatellite loci in fifty-six Chinese native pig breeds.
The genetic diversity of fifty-six indigenous pig breeds in China, and three introduced pig breeds (Duroc, Landrace and Large White) was surveyed using twenty-seven microsatellites recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics (IS-AG) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). By means of the allele frequencies, mean heterozygosity, effective number of alleles, estimator of gene differentiation, polymorphism information content, genetic distance and dendrogram analysis, the genetic variability and population structure of native pig breeds were estimated. Genetic variabilities within native pig breeds are as follows: Effective number of alleles vary from 2.12 to 9.03, from 0.44 to 0.87 for mean heterozygosity, from 0.39 to 0.86 for polymorphism information content. Nei's genetic distance and Nei's standard genetic distance were estimated and used to construct UPGMA and NJ dendrograms, which were evaluated by the bootstrap test. Fifty-six Chinese indigenous pig breeds were clustered into twelve groups based on the dendrogram. Compared with the classification in Pig Breeds in China, I, II and III groups in the study are equivalent to North-China type, IV group basically accords with Lower-Changjiang River Basin type, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX groups quite correspond with Central-China type, X and XI group largely correspond to South-China type, the last group, XII is equal to South-west type at large. Suggestions that the conservation farms together with conservation areas are appropriate methods for the preservation of native pig breeds in our country were proposed. The results could provide basic molecular data for the research on the germplasm characteristics of local breeds in our country and scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of those breeds.
Zhang
Gui-Xiang
GX
Center of Preservation and Utilization of Germplasm Resources of Domestic Animals and Forage, National Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Service, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100094, China. gxzhang27@hotmail.com
Wang
Zhi-Gang
ZG
Sun
Fei-Zhou
FZ
Chen
Wei-Sheng
WS
Yang
Guo-Yi
GY
Guo
Shi-Jian
SJ
Li
Yong-Jun
YJ
Zhao
Xiao-Li
XL
Zhang
Yuan
Y
Sun
Jun
J
Fan
Bin
B
Yang
Shu-Lin
SL
Li
Kui
K
D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*
D004247:DNA