title: [Parity and wind impact on the frequency of Anopheles marajoara, São Paulo, Brazil].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the impact of wind velocity on the behavior of An. marajoara population and its parity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collections were made bimonthly from January 1999 to February 2000 in the municipality of Ilha Comprida, Brazil. Adult mosquitoes were captured with a battery hand aspirator. Mann-Whitney test was applied to verify the wind impact on mosquito behavior. Polovodova technique and Christophers and Mer's follicular development analysis were used to determine parity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 11,833 mosquitoes were captured, including 3,072 An. marajoara specimens. The peak of activity of An. marajoara occurred from 2 to 5 AM. Amongst 1,006 An. marajoara females who had their ovarioles dissected, it was found 530 (52.7%) nulliparous, 432 (42.9%) uniparous, 24 (2.4%) biparous and 1 multiparous. According to Christophers and Mer analysis, 982 (97.6%) had their follicles in phases I and II, 7 in phases III and IV, and 17 in phase V. The frequency of An. marajoara was significantly lower when wind velocity was 3 km/h or more or below 3 km/h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An. marajoara mosquitoes were more active at night. About 50% of dissected An. marajoara females were oniparous. Another important finding was the high proportion of females (97.6%) with follicles in the Christophers and Mer's phases I and II, suggesting the presence of gonotrophic concordance. Wind velocity equal or higher than 3 km/h considerably reduced the frequency of An. marajoara.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil. tani@usp.br
authors.forename: Iná
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kakitani
authors.forename: Helene Mariko
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Oswaldo Paulo
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Forattini
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000502:physiology*; D001938:Brazil; D005260:Female; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000502:physiology*; D011156:Population Density; D012098:Reproduction; D012621:Seasons; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014919:Wind