title: Bilateral pectoral myocutaneous advancement flaps and anatomic sternal wound reconstruction in cyanotic infants with mediastinitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the results and applicability of a modified chest closure technique employing bilateral pectoral myocutaneous advancement flaps after sternal re-approximation for postoperative mediastinitis in cyanotic infants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population is of a single surgeon's pediatric cardiac experience (n = 253) over a 2-year period. With retrospective hospital chart review six cases with deep sternal wound complications were identified (five mediastinitis and one hypoxemic wound necrosis). Sternal wound reconstruction was done with the above technique in all cases. Follow up was completed by outpatient record review and with telephone interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All six cases presented in this paper were neonates or infants with complex cyanotic cardiac malformations. Following chest wall reconstruction all had complete resolution of their mediastinitis with no mortality and no wound healing complications. Three of them have since undergone elective staged repair, with no evidence of residual wound infection. Two babies died during follow-up as a result of progressive respiratory compromise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For postcardiotomy mediastinitis in cyanotic infants we recommend limited debridement and anatomic sternal reconstruction supported by bilateral pectoral myocutaneous advancement flap closure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kollar
authors.forename: Davis C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Drinkwater
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003490:Cyanosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008480:Mediastinitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D010369:Pectoralis Muscles; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D013249:Sternum / Q000601:surgery; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing