title: Comparison of clinical efficacy and safety of three professional at-home tooth whitening systems.
abstract: A three-cell, randomized, parallel, investigator-blinded clinical trial was conducted to compare the efficacy and safety of three professional at-home tooth whitening systems, including Crest Professional Whitestrips (6.5% H2O2), Day White 2 (7.5% H2O2) and Nite White Excel 2 (16% carbamide peroxide equivalent). Ninety subjects were randomly assigned to three groups (30/group). Subjects were instructed to use the assigned whitener following the manufacturers' instructions. Clinical examinations at baseline, and on days 3, 7, 14, and 18 (Day White), or 21 (Crest Professional Whitestrips and Nite White) included the following parameters: 1) oral tissues; 2) tooth shade by the Vitapan Classical shade guide; 3) tooth shade by a chromameter with a jig; and, 4) tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation. The results showed significant shade reductions with time in all three groups. Nite White resulted in significantly greater shade reductions in periods between days 7, 14, or 21 and baseline than did the other two systems. Tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation, which were mostly mild and transient, occurred in all groups. It is concluded that all three whitening systems evaluated are effective and safe. Nite White Excel is superior to the other two systems because it provides a greater whitening efficacy with comparable or lower incidence of tooth sensitivity and gingival irritation.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Program, Loma Linda University, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, California, USA.
authors.forename: Yiming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Sean S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Cartwright
authors.forename: Alisa C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003116:Color; D003807:Dentin Sensitivity / Q000139:chemically induced; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016877:Oxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010545:Peroxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012449:Safety; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014070:Tooth / Q000187:drug effects; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000145:classification / Q000379:methods*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014508:Urea / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide