title: The association of subjective stress, urinary catecholamine concentrations and PC game room use and musculoskeletal disorders of the upper limbs in young male Koreans.
abstract: The use of PCs can cause health problems, including musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) of the upper limbs. This study was performed to investigate whether using PCs in PC game rooms may induce MSDs of the upper limbs. 284 young male Koreans were included. A self-administered, structured questionnaire was used to gather information about game room use, perceived subjective stress, and the symptoms related to MSDs. Urinary concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine were measured in spot urine. The symptom prevalence of MSDs of the upper limbs increased according to the increase of the duration of game room use. The intensity of perceived subjective stress showed a significant dose-response relationship with the frequency of MSDs symptoms in neck and shoulder areas. However, the urinary level of catecholamines was not significantly correlated with the symptom prevalence of MSDs in the upper limbs. These findings suggest that using PCs in game rooms produce physical stress on the upper limbs, strong enough to induce MSDs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Heon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soo-Hun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Myung-Koo
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong-Dae
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hong-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.forename: Chul-Ho
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000652:urine; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000652:urine; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000652:urine; D018910:Video Games / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine