title: Interaction of triclosan with eukaryotic membrane lipids.
abstract: The possibility that triclosan and PVM/MA (polyvinylmethyl ether/maleic acid) copolymer, additives to dentrifrices, could interact with eukaryotic membrane lipids was studied by two methods: first, by determining the pressure/molecular area isotherms at 37 degrees C of glycerophospholipid monolayers, using the Langmuir technique; and second, by phase-transition parameters in liposomes of the same lipids, using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Triclosan interacted, in a concentration-independent manner, with monolayers of saturated phosphatidylcholines (PC; i.e. markers of the outer membrane leaflet of eukaryotic cells). Triclosan and PVM/MA copolymer mixtures were shown to clearly interact in a concentration-dependent manner with PC. Triclosan was found to interact with liposomes of saturated and unsaturated phosphatidylcholines and phosphatidylserines (PS; i.e. markers of the inner membrane leaflet of eukaryotic cells), and saturated ethanolamines (PE; i.e. markers of the inner membrane leaflet of eukaryotic cells), resulting in a decrease of the lipid melting temperature (Tm). PVM/MA copolymer changed the Tm of PS, PC, and PE in different manners. By adding PVM/MA or triclosan-PVM/MA copolymer mixtures to 1-stearoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoserine (SOPS) no lipid transitions were detected. A biphasic change of the PC transition temperature resulted when triclosan or triclosan PVM/MA copolymer mixtures were added, indicating domain formation and change of the lipid polymorphism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Odontology-Oral Pharmacology, University of Bergen, Armauer Hansens Hus, N-5021 Bergen, Norway. henning.lygre@odont.uib.no
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lygre
authors.forename: Grete
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Moe
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Skålevik
authors.forename: Holm
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Holmsen
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020404:Glycerophospholipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008298:Maleates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011095:Polyethylenes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D014260:Triclosan / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D020404:Glycerophospholipids; D008081:Liposomes; D008298:Maleates; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D011095:Polyethylenes; D014260:Triclosan; C043105:poly(methyl vinyl ether-co-maleic anhydride)