title: An improved approach for measurement of stroke volume during treadmill exercise.
abstract: In this study, a new ensemble averaging technique was developed to measure cardiac output during treadmill exercise. Each dz/dt peak is used as a starting point for ensemble averaging, instead of the conventionally used R point of ECG, in order to prevent the peak dz/dt waveform (C point) to be smoothed, which results in increased dz/dtmax. When using the R point as a reference, time interval from the R point to the peak dz/dt varies for each heart beat. Signal to noise ratios (SNR) of the five subjects with the new technique were 12.9, 16. 4, 10.6, 14.0, and 4.6% higher than those with the conventional one at rest and during four levels of exercise, respectively. Power density spectra of the averaged dz/dt waveforms by the peak dz/dt and R point referencing were also analyzed. Stroke volumes of the five subjects averaged by the peak dz/dt were 4.9, 6.8, 7.6, 7.4, and 9.8% higher than those by the R point at rest and during four levels of exercise, respectively.
authors.affiliation: School of Electronics and Information Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 664-14, 1 Ga, Deokjin-dong, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju 561-756, South Korea. cgsong@moak.chonbuk.ac.kr
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D002307:Cardiography, Impedance / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology*