Legal and regulatory concerns about transgenic plants in Brazil.
Brazil has a biosafety law that was approved in 1995. This law provides for a horizontal type of regulation that coordinates other existing regulatory frameworks in the areas of agriculture, health and environment. Various federal government departments are responsible for implementing the law. The National Technical Biosafety Commission is the national competent authority on biosafety with overall responsibility. In the case of Bt plants or any insecticidal organism, the Agrochemical Law also applies and authorization for laboratory, greenhouse and field studies must be obtained from the Plant Protection Secretariat, the Brazilian Institute of Environment and the National Agency of Health. Furthermore, the National Environmental Council must issue a license for commercialization of any GMO. There is pressure needed for capacity building and to harmonize the regulatory and administrative frameworks among the different federal departments involved. Some perspectives and challenges for the commercial registration of transgenic crops are discussed.
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Eliana M G
EM
Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, C.P. 01372/02372, Brasília, DF CEP 70849-970, Brazil. eliana@cenargen.embrapa.br
D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D001938:Brazil; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics / Q000592:standards*; D004731:Endotoxins; D030841:Food, Genetically Modified / Q000592:standards*; D033161:Government Regulation; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified
D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis