Indicators of benzene emissions and exposure in Bangkok street.
Ambient benzene measurements were conducted for the first time at four air monitoring sites in the Bangkok metropolitan region (BMR), from January to December 2001. Analytical results show that the mean benzene concentrations range from 42.4 micro g/m(3) at the Din Daeng urban site to 15.1 micro g/m(3) at the Chaeng Wattana suburban site. The monitoring results show that at a larger distance from the roadside or a higher level from the street surface, the level of benzene decreases. Analysis of the ambient benzene concentrations was carried out with reference to meteorological influences and traffic density. In traffic analysis, the combined effects of street topography and traffic flows established high impact on the overall benzene concentration in Bangkok. Statistical analysis shows good correlations of blood benzene levels and trans, trans-muconic acid with ambient benzene and demonstrated substantial exposure from traffic.
Leong
Shing Tet
ST
School of Environment, Resource and Development, Urban Environmental Engineering and Management Program, Asian Institute of Technology, G.P.O. Box 4, Klong Luang, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand. tet@ait.ac.th
Laortanakul
Preecha
P
D000388:Air / Q000032:analysis; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D001554:Benzene / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D013011:Sorbic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D013785:Thailand; D014504:Urban Health; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis
D000393:Air Pollutants; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; C005939:muconic acid; D001554:Benzene; D013011:Sorbic Acid