title: A framework for developing reproductive health policies and programmes in Nepal.
abstract: Based on experience in Nepal from 1996-2001, this paper presents a six-element framework to support governments in poor countries in developing and implementing reproductive health programmes. The six elements of the framework are: (i) collaborative planning and programming; (ii) strategic assessment; (iii) policy and strategy development; (iv) guideline and material development; (v) reproductive health programme management; and (vi) policy review. Its implementation calls for collaborative work between policymakers and programme managers at all levels of the health system, external donors and development agencies. Change in Nepal is constrained by poor human and financial resources, extremely difficult geography and strong cultural, religious and social traditions. An informal assessment at district level and below found that information tools, clinical protocols and operational guidelines were highly relevant, though problems with utilisation and motivation were noted. Utilisation of strategy and policy documents and tools was reported to be high at national level, but no causal link can be drawn between instruments in the framework and changes in reproductive health indicators. However, access to the tools described in this article can contribute to improvements in coverage and quality of reproductive health services in the hands of motivated people; improved indicators in family planning use, antenatal care and assisted delivery in Nepal in this period support this view.
authors.affiliation: UNFPA, Asmara, Eritrea. campbell@unfpa.org
authors.forename: Bruce B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Ietje H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Reerink
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Jenniskens
authors.forename: Laxmi R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Pathak
mesh_terms: D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D003906:Developing Countries; D006285:Health Planning / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D009390:Nepal; D011050:Policy Making; D016730:Program Development / Q000379:methods*; D034121:Reproductive Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*