title: Parent-adolescent interactions after traumatic brain injury: their relationship to family adaptation and adolescent adjustment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine changes in parent-adolescent interactions after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and their relationship to parent and adolescent adjustment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concurrent cohort, cross-sectional study. Analysis of variance was used to examine group differences and regression analysis to assess associations between interactional measures and concurrent adjustment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hospitals in north-central Ohio.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescents with severe TBI (25), moderate TBI (22), and orthopedic injuries (35) and their parents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observer ratings of parent-adolescent interactions, Conflict Behavior Questionnaire (CBQ), Family Burden of Injury Interview (FBII), Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), Family Assessment Device (FAD), Child Behavior Checklist, Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale, and Children's Depression Inventory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No group differences were found on ratings of parent-adolescent interaction or the parent or child CBQ. However, observed criticism/coldness and self-rated conflict had stronger associations with the FBII, BSI, and FAD in the severe TBI group than in the orthopedic injury group, suggesting that conflict is more disruptive after TBI. Ratings of criticism/coldness and parent and adolescent CBQ scores were also associated with parent and adolescent adjustment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results support the utility of observational measures in assessing dyadic interactions after TBI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA. wades0@chmcc.org
authors.forename: Shari L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wade
authors.forename: H Gerry
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drotar
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stancin
authors.forename: Keith Owen
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Yeates
authors.forename: Nori M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Minich
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003220:Conflict, Psychological; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012494:Sampling Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014741:Video Recording