title: Novel therapy of focal glomerulosclerosis with mycophenolate and angiotensin blockade.
abstract: Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome of childhood poses a dilemma in attempting to balance toxicity of medications against long-term prognosis. This report presents our preliminary experience with the novel use of combined mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and angiotensin blockade (AB) in the treatment of nine children and young adults with focal glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). All patients were steroid resistant and had failed conventional treatment regimens. Prior to the initiation of the MMF-AB protocol, the patients were pre-treated with weekly intravenous methylprednisolone (MP) (15 mg/kg per week) for 4-8 weeks. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors and/or angiotensin receptor blockers were begun when intravascular volume was restored. MMF was given at a dose of 250-500 mg/m(2) per day. Proteinuria, as measured by urine protein/creatinine ratios (Up/c), decreased by 43% following MP ( P<0.05). After 6 months of MMF-AB protocol, the Up/c was 72% below baseline ( P<0.01). This level was maintained for a minimum of 24 months of observation. Similarly, hyperlipidemia, as measured by total cholesterol and triglycerides, improved significantly with treatment (536+/-163 to 265+/-70 mg/dl, 447+/-168 to 230+/-92 mg/dl, respectively, P<0.01). Our data support the use of MMF and AB for treatment of steroid-resistant FSGS when other conventional treatments have failed and/or induced toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Nephrology, University of Miami/ Jackson Children's Hospital, P.O. Box 016960 (M-714), Miami, Florida 33101, USA. bmontane@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Montané
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abitbol
authors.forename: Jayanthi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chandar
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: Gastón
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zilleruelo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005923:Glomerulosclerosis, Focal Segmental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D057911:Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D011241:Prednisone; D008775:Methylprednisolone