title: Precursor-protein convertase 1 gene expression in the mouse hypothalamus: differential regulation by ob gene mutation, energy deficit and administration of leptin, and coexpression with prepro-orexin.
abstract: The expression of precursor-protein convertase (PC)1, PC2 and paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme four mRNA was studied by in situ hybridisation in regions of the hypothalamus involved in energy regulation in relation to obese (ob) gene mutation and energy deficit. PC1 gene was differentially expressed in hypothalamic nuclei of mice from different genetic backgrounds or energetic status, whereas no differences in expression were observed for either the PC2 or paired basic amino acid cleaving enzyme four genes. In obese ob/ob mice, PC1 mRNA levels were increased in the paraventricular nucleus, decreased in the lateral hypothalamus and unchanged in the ventromedial nucleus and arcuate nucleus relative to lean controls. In response to intraperitoneal injection of murine leptin, PC1 mRNA levels in obese ob/ob mice decreased in the arcuate nucleus, increased in the lateral hypothalamus and were unchanged in both the paraventricular nucleus and ventromedial nucleus. In mice deprived of food for 24 h, PC1 mRNA levels were reduced in the ventromedial nucleus, increased in the lateral hypothalamus and unchanged in the paraventricular nucleus and arcuate nucleus relative to ad libitum-fed controls. Overall, whilst the data show effects related to leptin and energetic status, they do not support a strong and consistent link between PC1 gene expression and energy balance. This suggests that if PC1 is important to the control of energy balance then protein expression and activity, rather than gene expression may be the more critical parameters of regulation. The relationship between PC1 and candidate energy balance-related genes in the lateral hypothalamus was investigated by dual in situ hybridisation. PC1 mRNA was localised in prepro-orexin mRNA expressing neurons in the lateral hypothalamus, which suggests a functional relationship.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neuroendocrinology Group, Rowett Research Institute, Aberdeen Centre for Energy Regulation and Obesity (ACERO), Greenburn Road, AB21 9SB, Scotland, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, UK.
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Nilaweera
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Mercer
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000235:genetics; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005508:Food Deprivation / Q000502:physiology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000235:genetics; D007026:Hypothalamic Area, Lateral / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008820:Mice, Obese; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics*; D000068797:Orexins; D045664:Proprotein Convertase 1; D043484:Proprotein Convertases; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin; D009479:Neuropeptides; D000068797:Orexins; D011498:Protein Precursors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043484:Proprotein Convertases; C473656:Pcsk1 protein, mouse; D045664:Proprotein Convertase 1; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases