title: [Post-surgical paediatric pain: Nursing- PCA vs continuous I.V. infusion of tramadol ].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficiency in the control of the post-surgical paediatric pain of the combination of a weak opioid [tramadol (T)] and an NSAID (paracetamol), comparing its administration through "Nursing-PCA" (NCA) techniques or through continuous i.v. infusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  The investigation has been carried out in 30 patients (mean 9.5 months) selected according to their foreseeable degree of moderate-hard pain. All of them consumed in the postoperative period: rectal paracetamol (20 mg/Kg) every 8 hours and tramadol in two groups. Group I: PCA pump with tramadol that was handled by the nurse. Initial dose: 0.5 mg/Kg NCA, bolus injection 0.3 mg/Kg with an interval of 10 minutes for security and a highest dose of 1.2 mg/Kg/4 h every 4 hours. Group II: continuous infusion i.v. of tramadol (6 mg/Kg/24 h). The pain was evaluated, as well as the sedative action, saturation oxygen, respiratory and hemodynamics parameters, adverse effects, and efficiency during the first 24 hours, as well as the number of total dose of drugs asked in the Nursing PCA group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pain decreased in both groups. There were more sedative effects in group II and the total dose of tramadol was higher. There were no cases of respiratory depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of tramadol and paracetamol through "Nursing PCA" has turned out to be an efficient method in the treatment of the post-surgical pain in little children and those whose are in their lacteal period. It is a possible alternative of the continuous infusion of Morphine in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Anestesiología, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Ctra. del Palmar s/n, Murcia.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aguirre Córcoles
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Durán González
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Zambudio
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: González Celdrán
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Castaño Collado
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Cárceles Barón
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez Cantó
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Ruiz Jiménez
mesh_terms: D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D014147:Tramadol / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D014147:Tramadol