title: Human invasive trophoblasts transformed with simian virus 40 provide a new tool to study the role of PPARgamma in cell invasion process.
abstract: Invasive cytotrophoblasts play a key role in the development of human placenta and is therefore essential for subsequent development of the embryo. Human implantation is characterized by a major trophoblastic invasion that offers a unique model of a controlled and oriented tumor-like process. The ligand-activated nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) modulates cell growth and differentiation and might be therefore considered as a tumor suppressor. We have recently reported that PPARgamma, in synergy with its dimerization partner retinoid X receptor (RXR)alpha, controls the invasion of human primary cytotrophoblasts. Because these cells are unable to replicate in culture, we have, in the present study, transformed these primary cells with the simian virus 40 large T antigen for studying the role of PPARgamma in cell invasion process. Our results show that the cell line human invasive proliferative extravillous cytotrophoblast (HIPEC) 65 expressed markers of human invasive primary cytotrophoblast as determined by immunocytochemistry, immunobloting and real-time RT-PCR, and were highly invasive in vitro. We have next studied the role of PPARgamma/RXRalpha heterodimers in cell proliferation and invasion. Our results show that PPARgamma and RXRalpha are co-expressed by HIPEC 65 and that, as commonly observed, activation of PPARgamma/RXRalpha heterodimers with the specific PPARgamma agonist rosiglitazone induced lipid droplet accumulation as revealed by oil red O staining. Treatment with rosiglitazone or with the natural PPARgamma agonist 15-deoxy-delta-(12,14) PGJ2 did not modify cell growth, but interestingly, activation of PPARgamma by this synthetic (rosiglitazone) or natural (15d-PGJ2) ligand markedly inhibited cell invasion in a concentration-dependent manner. Finally, we showed that other potential natural PPARgamma ligand such as oxidized-but not native-low-density lipoprotein inhibited cell invasion. This proliferative and invasive human cytotrophoblast cell line from extravillous origin provides a new tool for studying specifically the role of PPARgamma in the control of cell invasion.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U427, Faculté des Sciences Pharmaceutiques et Biologiques, Université René Descartes, Paris 5, F-75006 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Laëtitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pavan
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tarrade
authors.forename: Axelle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hermouet
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delouis
authors.forename: Mattias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Titeux
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vidaud
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thérond
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Evain-Brion
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fournier
mesh_terms: D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000502:physiology; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D013539:Simian virus 40 / Q000502:physiology*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: C097240:15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2; D000952:Antigens, Polyomavirus Transforming; D017931:DNA Primers; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D013844:Thiazoles; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D015230:Prostaglandin D2