title: Expression of RANK is dependent upon differentiation into the macrophage/osteoclast lineage: induction by 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and TPA in a human myelomonocytic cell line, HL60.
abstract: Receptor activator of nuclear factor (RANK) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily indispensable for osteoclast differentiation. However, little is known about the regulatory mechanism of RANK expression. In the present study, RANK expression during macrophage/osteoclast differentiation was investigated using a human myelomonocytic cell line, HL60, capable of differentiating into mature osteoclasts under appropriate conditions. RANK mRNA expression was barely detectable in growing HL60 cells. We found that treatment with 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D(3) and TPA resulted in an apparent induction of RANK mRNA and protein in association with differentiation into the macrophage/osteoclast lineage. Induction of RANK was time and dose dependent and lineage specific. Moreover, RANK induction was blocked by an RNA polymerase II inhibitor, suggesting an involvement of a transcriptional mechanism. The induced RANK was functional as it was able to bind RANK ligand and activate NF-kappaB. In the induced HL60 cells expressing both c-Fms and RANK, RANK mRNA expression was further enhanced by RANKL, but not by macrophage colony-stimulating factor. These results suggest a positive feedback regulation of RANK expression by its own intracellular signaling. The in vitro system described here may be a useful model to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of RANK expression and its role in human osteoclastogenesis.
authors.affiliation: University of Tokushima, Graduate School of Medicine, Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Sciences, 3-18-15 Kuramoto-Cho, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiura
authors.forename: Wilde
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Javier
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C116441:2-methyl-1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; D006023:Glycoproteins; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; D014807:Vitamin D; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator