title: Metal-ligand charge-transfer-promoted photoelectronic Bergman cyclization of copper metalloenediynes: photochemical DNA cleavage via C-4' H-atom abstraction.
abstract: Metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) photolyses (lambda > or = 395 nm) of copper complexes of cis-1,8-bis(pyridin-3-oxy)oct-4-ene-2,6-diyne (bpod, 1), [Cu(bpod)(2)]PF(6) (2), and [Cu(bpod)(2)](NO(3))(2) (3) yield Bergman cyclization of the bound ligands. In contrast, the uncomplexed ligand 1 and Zn(bpod)(2)(CH(3)COO)(2) compound (4) are photochemically inert under the same conditions. In the case of 4, sensitized photochemical generation of the lowest energy (3)pi-pi state, which is localized on the enediyne unit, leads to production of the trans-bpod ligand bound to the Zn(II) cation by photoisomerization. Electrochemical studies show that 1, both the uncomplexed and complexed, exhibits two irreversible waves between E(p) values of -1.75 and -1.93 V (vs SCE), corresponding to reductions of the alkyne units. Irreversible, ligand-based one-electron oxidation waves are also observed at +1.94 and +2.15 V (vs SCE) for 1 and 3. Copper-centered oxidation of 2 and reduction of 3 occur at E(1/2) = +0.15 and +0.38 V, respectively. Combined with the observed Cu(I)-to-pyridine(pi) MLCT and pyridine(pi)-to-Cu(II) ligand-to-metal charge transfer (LMCT) absorption centered near approximately 315 nm, the results suggest a mechanism for photo-Bergman cyclization that is derived from energy transfer to the enediyne unit upon charge-transfer excitation. The intermediates produced upon photolysis degrade both pUC19 bacterial plasmid DNA, as well as a 25-base-pair, double-stranded oligonucleotide. Detailed analyses of the cleavage reactions reveal 5'-phosphate and 3'-phosphoglycolate termini that are derived from H-atom abstraction from the 4'-position of the deoxyribose ring rather than redox-induced base oxidation.
authors.affiliation: Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
authors.forename: Pedro J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Benites
authors.forename: Rebecca C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.forename: Diwan S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rawat
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: Lee J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Dennis G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: H Holden
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Thorp
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zaleski
mesh_terms: D000475:Alkenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D000480:Alkynes / Q000737:chemistry*; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D003500:Cyclization; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry; D008024:Ligands; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D010777:Photochemistry; D010957:Plasmids / Q000737:chemistry; D011789:Quantum Theory; D015032:Zinc / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000475:Alkenes; D000480:Alkynes; D008024:Ligands; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D003300:Copper; D004247:DNA; D015032:Zinc