title: Analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in soil and sediment with on-line coupled pressurised hot water extraction, hollow fibre microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction and gas chromatography.
abstract: Pressurised hot water extraction (PHWE) was coupled on-line via hollow fibre microporous membrane liquid-liquid extraction (HF-MMLLE) to gas chromatography (GC) and applied in the analysis of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in soil and sediment. In this combination, the MMLLE unit serves as a trapping device for the extracted compounds. Simultaneously it cleans and concentrates the extract, which is then transferred on-line to the GC. No extra clean-up steps are required between the trapping and the transfer to GC. The on-line system gives excellent sensitivity while allowing small sample size. The method was linear, with limits of detection in the range 50-890 pg and limits of quantification 0.11-1.22 microg g(-1). The concentration enrichment factors obtained with the method ranged from 9 to 55. Comparison of the results with those obtained by other techniques confirmed the good performance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Kati
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuosmanen
authors.forename: Tuulia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hyötyläinen
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hartonen
authors.forename: Marja-Liisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Riekkola
mesh_terms: D001322:Autoanalysis; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods; D019015:Geologic Sediments; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants