title: Evaluation of personal, environmental and biological exposure of paediatric anaesthetists to nitrous oxide and sevoflurane.
abstract: Paediatric anaesthetists are at higher risk of exposure to waste anaesthetic gases, which often exceed set safety limits. Recommended personal diffusive sampling techniques for monitoring exposure to waste anaesthetic gases may not give a true profile of exposure and hence biological sampling may also be necessary. We evaluated the exposure of paediatric anaesthetists to nitrous oxide and sevoflurane as assessed by personal environmental and biological samples. The influence of venue and technique, and the strength of the relationship among the various sampling techniques were analysed. The study found that exposure to nitrous oxide during paediatric anaesthetic inductions is still a major problem, although exposure to sevoflurane was usually within the accepted limits. The type of breathing system used and the presence of scavenging seem to influence this exposure, though surprisingly, the induction technique or the methods of airway control do not. No significant relationship was found between the various biological indicators measured.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthetics, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harmer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hutchings
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D015920:Gas Scavengers; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D009873:Operating Rooms; D012044:Regression Analysis; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014852:Wales
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D009609:Nitrous Oxide