title: Comparing HLA antigen frequencies between two groups of patients.
abstract: For diseases that involve the immune system, the alleles of the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) complex can play a major role. For example, if responsiveness to therapy is immunologically mediated, one would think that responders and non-responders might tend to have different HLA alleles. However, comparing the frequencies between the two groups of patients at each allele can introduce a substantial multiple comparisons problem as the number of alleles is large. This paper proposes an efficient two-stage procedure for identifying alleles that may mediate response. In the first-stage, the distribution of all alleles for the patients are compared to a reference population and a few alleles are selected. These candidate alleles are then compared between the two groups of patients using a modest Bonferroni correction. The two-stage procedure strongly controls the type I error rate as the first-stage selection is statistically independent of the second-stage tests. We analyse a cohort of patients with bone marrow failure who are classified as responders or non-responders to immunosuppressive therapy. Published in 2003 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
authors.affiliation: Office of Biostatistics Research, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, NIH/DHHS, 2 Rockledge Center, Bethesda, MD 20892-7938, U.S.A. follmannd@nhlbi.nih.gov
authors.forename: Dean A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Follmann
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000940:Antigenic Variation / Q000276:immunology; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D015233:Models, Statistical
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens