title: Serum antibodies induced by intranasal immunization of mice with Plasmodium vivax Pvs25 co-administered with cholera toxin completely block parasite transmission to mosquitoes.
abstract: Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) targeting ookinete surface proteins expressed on sexual-stage malaria parasites are considered one promising strategy for malaria control. To evaluate the prospect of developing non-invasive and easy-to-administer mucosal malaria transmission-blocking vaccines, mice were immunized intranasally with a Plasmodium vivax ookinete surface protein, Pvs25 with a mucosal adjuvant cholera toxin (CT). Immunization induced significant serum IgG with high IgG1/IgG2a ratio (indicative of Th-2 type immune response). Feeding Anopheles dirus mosquitoes with mixtures of immune sera and gametocytemic blood derived from vivax-infected volunteer patients in Thailand significantly reduced both the number of midgut oocysts as well as the percentage of infected mosquitoes. The observed transmission-blocking effect was dependent on immune sera dilution. This study demonstrates for the first time that the mucosally induced mouse immune sera against a human malaria ookinete surface protein can completely block parasite transmission to vector mosquitoes, suggesting the possibility of non-invasive mucosal vaccines against mucosa-unrelated important pathogens like malaria.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Microbiology, Center of Molecular Biosciences, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, 903-0213, Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.forename: Ayano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: Jetsumon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sattabongkot
authors.forename: Nantavadee
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suwanabun
authors.forename: Thanaporn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rungruang
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Naotoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hisaeda
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stowers
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shimabukuro
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Motomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torii
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000469:parasitology*; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000276:immunology*; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000276:immunology; D017780:Malaria Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D051379:Mice; D033661:Oocysts / Q000254:growth & development; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D017780:Malaria Vaccines; C121473:Pvs25 protein, P vivax; D002772:Cholera Toxin