Multiple tumor marker analyses (PSA, hK2, PSCA, trp-p8) in primary prostate cancers using quantitative RT-PCR.
The identification of new diagnostic markers and potential treatment targets for prostate carcinoma (PCa) necessitates the evaluation of expression patterns in both malignant and non-malignant tissue specimens. In this study, we compared the mRNA expression of recently identified prostate-associated genes, prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) and transient receptor potential p8 (trp-p8), to the mRNA expression of the most commonly used markers for PCa, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and human kallikrein 2 (hK2). For these four candidates we performed highly specific quantitative real-time LightCycler RT-PCR assays with cDNA originating from matched tissue specimens of 40 patients with primary PCa. The highest transcript amounts were found for PSA in malignant as well as in non-malignant tissue specimens followed by hK2, trp-p8 and PSCA with an mRNA expression remarkably lower. The relative transcript levels of PSA, hK2 and trp-p8 were elevated in malignant in comparison to non-malignant tissues, but only for trp-p8 this increased expression was statistically significant. Focussing on organ confined tumors, we found a significant difference of the mRNA expression of PSA and trp-p8 between malignant and non-malignant tissue specimens. The marker trp-p8 is also suited to differentiate between the tumor stages when quantifying its transcript levels within tumor tissue specimens. The evaluation of the mRNA expression patterns of these markers by quantitative real-time RT-PCR could provide new tools for differential diagnosis and molecular staging. According to our data, the novel marker trp-p8 seems to represent a highly prostate-specific and PCa-associated gene qualifying it as a potential target for specific therapies.
Fuessel
Susanne
S
Department of Urology, Technical University Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
Sickert
Denise
D
Meye
Axel
A
Klenk
Ulrich
U
Schmidt
Uta
U
Schmitz
Marc
M
Rost
Anne-Katrin
AK
Weigle
Bernd
B
Kiessling
Andrea
A
Wirth
Manfred P
MP
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; D020840:Tissue Kallikreins / Q000096:biosynthesis
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C110843:PSCA protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; C425966:TRPM8 protein, human; D020840:Tissue Kallikreins; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen