title: Coexistence of group I and group II chaperonins in the archaeon Methanosarcina mazei.
abstract: Two distantly related classes of cylindrical chaperonin complexes assist in the folding of newly synthesized and stress-denatured proteins in an ATP-dependent manner. Group I chaperonins are thought to be restricted to the cytosol of bacteria and to mitochondria and chloroplasts, whereas the group II chaperonins are found in the archaeal and eukaryotic cytosol. Here we show that members of the archaeal genus Methanosarcina co-express both the complete group I (GroEL/GroES) and group II (thermosome/prefoldin) chaperonin systems in their cytosol. These mesophilic archaea have acquired between 20 and 35% of their genes by lateral gene transfer from bacteria. In Methanosarcina mazei Gö1, both chaperonins are similarly abundant and are moderately induced under heat stress. The M. mazei GroEL/GroES proteins have the structural features of their bacterial counterparts. The thermosome contains three paralogous subunits, alpha, beta, and gamma, which assemble preferentially at a molar ratio of 2:1:1. As shown in vitro, the assembly reaction is dependent on ATP/Mg2+ or ADP/Mg2+ and the regulatory role of the beta subunit. The co-existence of both chaperonin systems in the same cellular compartment suggests the Methanosarcina species as useful model systems in studying the differential substrate specificity of the group I and II chaperonins and in elucidating how newly synthesized proteins are sorted from the ribosome to the proper chaperonin for folding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18a, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Klunker
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirtreiter
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: Dean J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Naylor
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pfeifer
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Deppenmeier
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gottschalk
authors.forename: F Ulrich
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Hartl
authors.forename: Manajit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayer-Hartl
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000737:chemistry; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001105:Archaea; D018835:Chaperonin 10 / Q000378:metabolism; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008027:Light; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D017020:Methanosarcina / Q000378:metabolism*; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017510:Protein Folding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013884:Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018835:Chaperonin 10; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D013884:Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D008274:Magnesium