title: Characterization of the interleukin-1beta system during porcine trophoblastic elongation and early placental attachment.
abstract: Conceptus-uterine communication is established during trophoblastic elongation when the conceptus synthesizes and releases estrogen, the maternal recognition signal in the pig. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is a differentially expressed gene during rapid trophoblastic elongation in the pig. The current investigation determined conceptus and endometrial changes in gene expression for IL-1beta, IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Rant), IL-1 receptor type 1 (IL-1RT1), and IL-1 receptor accessory protein (IL-1RAP) in developing peri- and postimplantation conceptuses as well as uterine endometrium collected from cyclic and pregnant gilts. Conceptus IL-1beta gene expression was enhanced during the period of rapid trophoblastic elongation compared with earlier spherical conceptuses, followed by a dramatic decrease in elongated Day 15 conceptuses. IL-1RT1 and IL-1RAP gene expression was greater in Day 12 and 15 filamentous conceptuses compared with earlier morphologies while IL-1Rant gene expression was unchanged by conceptus development. The uterine lumenal content of IL-1beta increased during the process of trophoblastic elongation on Day 12. Uterine IL-1beta content declined on Day 15, reaching a nadir by Day 18 of pregnancy. IL-1beta gene expression in porcine conceptuses was temporally associated with an increase in endometrial IL-1RT1 and IL-1RAP gene expression in pregnant gilts. Endometrial IL-1beta and IL-1Rant gene expression were lowest during Days 10-15 of the estrous cycle and pregnancy. The temporal expression of IL-1beta during conceptus development and the initiation of conceptus-uterine communication suggests conceptus IL-1beta synthesis plays an important role in porcine conceptus elongation and the establishment of pregnancy in the pig.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Oklahoma Agriculture Experiment Station, Stillwater 74078, USA.
authors.forename: Jason W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Jerry R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Malayer
authors.forename: Jerry W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Ritchey
authors.forename: Rodney D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Geisert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D013552:Swine; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D014599:Uterus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D011506:Proteins; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D053573:Receptors, Interleukin-1 Type I; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins