title: Intracellular expression of CD69 in endometrial and peripheral T cells represents a useful marker in women with recurrent miscarriage: modulation after allogeneic leukocyte immunotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize in fertile women and women with recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA) the expression and functional status of T cells expressing the CD69 molecule.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed by flow cytometry in peripheral blood and endometrium from fertile and RSA women, the surface and cytoplasmic expression of CD69 on gated T cells. In addition, we investigated by three-color flow cytometry the expression of cytokines, and subsets of memory T cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In T cells, CD69 was restricted to the intracellular compartment with a higher frequency in RSA than in fertile women (68.2 +/- 12% versus 23.7 +/- 22%, P < 0.001, and 20 +/- 9.5% versus 2.1 +/- 3.8%, P < 0.005, in endometrium and peripheral blood, respectively). In contrast, the number of interferon-gamma+ (IFN-gamma+) secreting cells was higher (16 +/- 5% versus 6 +/- 1%) in fertile women. All 11 RSA women alloimmunized with parental leukocytes reached values of CD3 +/- CD69+ cells similar to those observed in fertile women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CD69 might represent a useful marker in the diagnosis and the follow up of RSA patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunogenetics, Hospital de Clinicas José de San Martin, University of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramhorst
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Agriello
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corigliano
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Etchepareborda
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irigoyen
authors.forename: Gómez
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pasanante
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fainboim
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015415:Biomarkers; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D017710:Lymphocyte Transfusion; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D015415:Biomarkers; D017252:CD3 Complex; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D016207:Cytokines; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D007976:Leupeptins; D000099192:CD69 Antigens; C032854:leupeptin