Spiral CT and radiation dose.
Recent studies in the USA and Europe state that computed tomography (CT) scans compromise only 3-5% of all radiological exams, but they contribute 35-45% of total radiation dose to the patient population. These studies lead to concern by several public authorities. Basis of CT-dose measurements is the computed tomography dose index (CTDI), which was established 1981. Nowadays there are several modifications of the CTDI values, which may lead to confusion. It is suggested to use the standardized CTDI-100 w. value together with the dose length product in all CT-examinations. These values should be printed on all CT-images and allows an evaluation of the individualized patient dose. Nowadays, radiologist's aim must be to work at the lowest maximal diagnostic acceptable signal to noise ratio. To decrease radiation dose radiologist should use low kV and mA, but high pitches. Newly developed CT-dose-reduction soft-wares and filters should be installed in all CT-machines. We should critically compare the average dose used for a specific examination with the reference dose used in this country and/or Europe. Greater differences should caution the radiologist. Finally, we as radiologists must check very carefully all indications and recommend alternative imaging methods. But we have also to teach our customers-patients and medical doctors who are non-radiologists-that a 'good' image is not that which show all possible information, but that which visualize 'only' the diagnostic necessary information.
Imhof
H
H
Department of Osteology, University Klin. f. Radiodiagnostik, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. mr@univie.ac.at
Schibany
N
N
Ba-Ssalamah
A
A
Czerny
C
C
Hojreh
A
A
Kainberger
F
F
Krestan
C
C
Kudler
H
H
Nöbauer
I
I
Nowotny
R
R
D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000592:standards; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014481:United States