title: Which treatment for whom for ADHD? Moderators of treatment response in the MTA.
abstract: Using receiver operating characteristics, the authors examined outcome predictors (variables associated with outcome regardless of treatment) and moderators (variables identifying subgroups with differential treatment effectiveness) in the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD; MTA). Treatment response was determined using parent- and teacher-reported ADHD and oppositional defiant symptoms, with levels near or within the normal range indicating excellent response. Among 9 baseline child and family characteristics, none predicted but 3 moderated treatment response. In medication management and combined treatments, parental depressive symptoms and severity of child ADHD were associated with decreased rates of excellent response; when these 2 characteristics were present, below-average child IQ was an additional moderator. No predictors or moderators emerged for behavioral and community comparison treatments. The authors discuss conceptual and clinical implications of research on treatment moderators.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Development, University of California, Berkeley 94720-1690, USA. lizowens@uclink4.berkeley.edu
authors.forename: Elizabeth B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Owens
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Hinshaw
authors.forename: Helen C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: L Eugene
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Howard B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Abikoff
authors.forename: Dennis P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Cantwell
authors.forename: C Keith
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Conners
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: Laurence L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Greenhill
authors.forename: Lily
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hechtman
authors.forename: Betsy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoza
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: March
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Newcorn
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Pelham
authors.forename: Joanne B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Severe
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Benedetto
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vitiello
authors.forename: Karen C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wigal
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000150:complications; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants