title: Regioselective synthesis of 1,N(2)-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine and its generation in oligomeric DNA.
abstract: Chloroethylene oxide and chloroacetaldehyde, reactive intermediates derived from vinyl chloride, and the epoxy-hydroxy-alkanals, produced endogenously in the metabolism of polyunsaturated fatty acids, react with nucleic acid bases in DNA to form exocyclic etheno derivatives of 2'-deoxyadenosine, 2'-deoxyguanosine, and 2'-deoxycytidine. This paper describes an efficient method for the synthesis of the exocyclic 1,N(2)-etheno adduct of 2'-deoxyguanosine and its incorporation into DNA oligomers using automated synthesis techniques. The synthesis was initiated by a high-yield alkylation of N(2)-protected 2'-deoxyguanosine at the 1-position with 1,2-diacetoxy-3-bromopropane. The product was converted to the 5'-O-dimethoxytrityl-3'-O-phosphoramidite using published techniques and incorporated site specifically into DNA oligomers with 99% coupling efficiency. Ring closure to yield the 6-hydroxyethano derivative was accomplished by oxidation with sodium periodate, and facile dehydration then afforded DNA oligomers containing 1,N(2)-etheno-2'-deoxyguanosine. All oligomers were characterized fully by physicochemical methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacological Sciences, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA.
authors.forename: Yanhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: M Cecilia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Iden
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000737:chemistry*; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D018736:DNA Adducts; D009841:Oligonucleotides; C054579:1,N(2)-ethenodeoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine