title: Effect of fluoridated dentifrice and acidulated phosphate fluoride application on early artificial carious lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of a combination of fluoride dentifrice and acidulated phosphate fluoride (APF) on enamel with incipient caries lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bovine dental enamel blocks with artificial caries lesions were divided into four treatment groups and submitted to a pH-cycling model: (1) Placebo non-fluoridated dentifrice (PD); (2) Fluoridated dentifrice (FD), 1,100 ppm F; (3) APF (12,300 ppm F, pH 3.5) + PD; 4) APF+FD. APF was applied to enamel blocks of groups APF+PD and APF+FD before the pH-cycling regimen and all of them were exposed to dentifrice during the cycling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that 61-81% of the fluoride previously deposited in enamel by APF was released to the media during the pH-cycling. The final concentration of fluoride in enamel in the group APF+PD was lower than that before the cycling (P < 0.05), but in the group APF+FD the reduction was not significant (P> 0.05). FD treatment was significantly more efficient than PD in rehardening the enamel surface and increasing the hardness of the caries lesions. APF+PD treatment was not more efficient than PD in increasing enamel hardness and an additive effect of APF+FD was not observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Adriana Franco
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Paes Leme
authors.forename: Cinthia Pereira Machado
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Tabchoury
authors.forename: Domenick Thomas
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Zero
authors.forename: Jaime Aparecido
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cury
mesh_terms: D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000378:metabolism; D003747:Dental Enamel Solubility; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006244:Hardness; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D000149:Acidulated Phosphate Fluoride; D005459:Fluorides