title: Resolution limit for two-dimensional crossed-grating patterns projected by a coherent beam.
abstract: The resolution limit for two-dimensional crossed-grating patterns created by projecting mask objects by using a coherent beam has been investigated. We consider first two conventional mask types, a binary-amplitude mask and a two-level phase-shifting mask, in analyzing relationships between a diffraction-beam configuration and an image-intensity distribution. Then we derive, as a mask that overcomes the resolution limit of the conventional ones, a four-level phase-shifting structure with which the minimum image period can be reduced to square root(2)/2 time that of the two-level phase-shifting mask.
authors.affiliation: Canon Development Americas, Inc., 3300 North First Street, San Jose, California 95134-1900, USA.
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Unno