Simplified meta-analysis of clinical trials in resuscitation.
OBJECTIVE
To present and demonstrate a new simplified method for synthesizing results of multiple clinical trials in resuscitation research.


METHODS
The mean difference across studies in the proportion of favorable outcomes between experimental and control groups is calculated. This difference is shown to have a t-distribution. Its significance can be ascertained with a simple t-test. The analysis can be implemented in a one-page computer spreadsheet.


RESULTS
Simplified meta-analysis provides high sensitivity and can be extended to include weighting of studies according to size or quality, comparison of subgroups of studies, tests for outliers, and calculation of the power of the meta-analysis. Sample analyses are presented for two experimental forms of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR): interposed abdominal compression (IAC) CPR and active compression-decompression (ACD) CPR.


CONCLUSIONS
Traditional narrative reviews, taking note of the proportion of individual studies with statistically significant results, can lead to erroneous conclusions and unnecessary delays in the clinical use of research findings. Simplified meta-analysis can provide rapid, quantitative, and accurate estimates of the amount of benefit or harm from an experimental intervention and can further empower physicians to practice evidence-based medicine.
Babbs
Charles F
CF
Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Purdue University, 1246 Lynn Hall, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1246, USA. babbs@purdue.edu
D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome