title: Effect of culture water hardness on the sensitivity of Ceriodaphnia dubia to copper toxicity.
abstract: We examined whether the sensitivity of Ceriodaphnia dubia to copper toxicity was influenced by the hardness of the water in which they were reared or in which they were exposed. Organisms cultured in very hard water were 1.5-fold less sensitive to copper than those in moderately hard water. However, the hardness of the exposure water had a greater (2.5-fold) effect on copper median effective concentration (EC50s).
authors.affiliation: ENSR International, 4303 West LaPorte Avenue, Fort Collins, Colorado 80521, USA. rnaddy@ensr.com
authors.forename: Rami B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Naddy
authors.forename: Gina R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Gensemer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D033361:Cladocera / Q000187:drug effects*; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute / Q000379:methods; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D003300:Copper