title: An outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in a neonatal intensive care unit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the epidemiologic and molecular investigations that successfully contained an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  Isolates of MRSA were typed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and S. aureus protein A (spa).
  
  
  METHODS
  A level III-IV, 45-bed NICU located in a children's hospital within a medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Incident cases had MRSA isolated from clinical cultures (eg, blood) or surveillance cultures (ie, anterior nares).
  
  
  METHODS
  Infected and colonized infants were placed on contact precautions, cohorted, and treated with mupirocin. Surveillance cultures were performed for healthcare workers (HCWs). Colonized HCWs were treated with topical mupirocin and hexachlorophene showers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From January to March 2001, the outbreak strain of MRSA, PFGE clone B, was harbored by 13 infants. Three (1.3%) of 235 HCWs were colonized with MRSA. Two HCWs, who rotated between the adult and the pediatric facility, harbored clone C. One HCW, who exclusively worked in the children's hospital, was colonized with clone B. From January 1999 to November 2000, 22 patients hospitalized in the adult facility were infected or colonized with clone B. Spa typing and PFGE yielded concordant results. PFGE clone B was identified as spa type 16, associated with outbreaks in Brazil and Hungary.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A possible route of MRSA transmission was elucidated by molecular typing. MRSA appears to have been transferred from our adult facility to our pediatric facility by a rotating HCW. Spa typing allowed comparison of our institution's MRSA strains with previously characterized outbreak clones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics Columbia University and New York Presbyterian Medical Center, Children's Hospital of New York, New York, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saiman
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cronquist
authors.forename: Fann
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Juyan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rubenstein
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Eisner
authors.forename: Barry N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Kreiswirth
authors.forename: Phyllis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Della-Latta
mesh_terms: D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*