title: Outcome of intracytoplasmic injection of fresh and frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa. A comparative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) with fresh and cryopreserved testicular spermatozoa in patients with obstructive and nonobstructive azoospermia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 60 ICSI treatment cycles (32 fresh, 28 frozen) using testicular sperm obtained by open biopsy were analyzed retrospectively. No statistically significant differences were noted in any of the parameters examined between ICSI cycles from fresh and frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa. Fertilization rates were 61.9% with fresh vs. 61.7% with frozen-thawed testicular sperm, pregnancy rates per embryo transfer 29.1% vs. 25.0%, respectively, and delivery rates 85.7% vs. 80.0%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intracytoplasmic sperm injection with frozen-thawed testicular spermatozoa permits the obtaining of satisfactory fertilization and pregnancy rates, and the cryopreserved sperm can be used as an effective sperm source in future ICSI cycles.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiology of Reproduction, Science Faculty of Bizerte, 7021 Jarzouna, Bizerte, Tunisia. khemais.benrhouma@fsb.rnu.tn
authors.forename: Khémais
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ben Rhouma
authors.forename: Hassen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Marrakchi
authors.forename: Habib
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khouja
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Attalah
authors.forename: Elyas
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ben Miled
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakly
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D005306:Fertilization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000628:therapy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012662:Semen Preservation; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic