title: Production of haploids of neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) by anther culture.
abstract: Androgenic haploids of the neem tree (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) were produced by anther culture at the early- to late-uninucleate stage of pollen. Haploid formation occurred via callusing. The best medium for inducing callusing in the anther cultures was Murashige and Skoog's basal medium (MS) (9% sucrose) supplemented with 1 microM 2,4-D, 1 microM NAA and 5 microM BAP, while anther callus multiplied best on MS medium supplemented with 1 microM 2,4-D and 10 microM Kn. These calli differentiated shoots when transferred to a medium containing BAP; 5 microM BAP was optimum for young calli (75% cultures differentiated shoots), but older calli showed the best regeneration with 7.5 microM BAP. Shoots elongated at a lower concentration of BAP-0.5 microM. These shoots were multiplied by forced axillary branching and rooted in vitro. The plants were subsequently established in soil. Of the plants that regenerated from anther callus 60% were haploid, 20% were diploid and 20% were aneuploid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, 110 021 Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, India. rakhi_chaturvedi@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chaturvedi
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Razdan
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Bhojwani
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D031601:Azadirachta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D001593:Benzyl Compounds; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D035264:Flowers / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology*; D006238:Haploidy; D007701:Kinetin; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D011687:Purines; D012038:Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001593:Benzyl Compounds; D009280:Naphthaleneacetic Acids; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D011687:Purines; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; C034182:1-naphthaleneacetic acid; D000225:Adenine; C480551:benzylaminopurine; D007701:Kinetin