title: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) agonist treatment reverses PPARalpha dysfunction and abnormalities in hepatic lipid metabolism in ethanol-fed mice.
abstract: Proper function of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) is essential for the regulation of hepatic fatty acid metabolism. Fatty acid levels are increased in liver during the metabolism of ethanol and should activate PPARalpha. However, recent in vitro data showed that ethanol metabolism inhibited the function of PPARalpha. We now report that ethanol feeding impairs fatty acid catabolism in the liver in part via blocking PPARalpha-mediated responses in C57BL/6J mice. Ethanol feeding decreased PPARalpha/retinoid X receptor alpha binding in electrophoretic mobility shift assay of liver nuclear extracts. mRNAs for PPAR-regulated genes were reduced (long chain and medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenases) or failed to be induced (acyl-CoA oxidase, liver carnitine palmitoyl-CoA transferase, very long chain acyl-CoA synthetase, very long chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase) in livers of the ethanol-fed animals, and ethanol feeding did not increase the rate of fatty acid beta-oxidation. Wy14,643, a PPARalpha agonist, restored the DNA binding activity of PPARalpha/retinoid X receptor alpha, induced mRNA levels of PPARalpha target genes, stimulated the rate of fatty acid beta-oxidation, and prevented fatty liver in ethanol-fed animals. Impairment of PPARalpha function during ethanol consumption contributes to the development of alcoholic fatty liver, which can be overcome by Wy14,643.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine and Richard Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Michinaga
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Crabb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D019281:Dimerization; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000819:agonists / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000819:agonists / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators; D011743:Pyrimidines; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000431:Ethanol; C006253:pirinixic acid; D004247:DNA; D010100:Oxygen