title: Analysis of epitope recognition of antibodies induced by DNA immunization against hemagglutinin protein of influenza A virus.
abstract: In an effort to find efficient DNA vaccine candidates, cDNA of influenza A virus hemagglutinin (HA) gene and several derived mutants were injected into mice using a gene gun. Mice immunized with HA1 DNA, with or without a membrane domain, showed a humoral immune response and the survival rate against homologous virus challenge was comparable to that of mice injected with HA DNA. In order to analyze epitopes recognized by antibodies induced by gene gun immunization, we used a binding assay employing the chimeric HA protein method. Serum antibodies of mice immunized with HA DNA recognized the HA1 domain but not the HA2 domain. In addition, antisera obtained from mice immunized with HA1 DNA reacted with each of the known antigenic sites on the HA1 domain, similar to the results obtained with HA DNA immunization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Bioregulation, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-chou, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, 467-8601, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tonegawa
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nobusawa
authors.forename: Katsuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kutsuna
authors.forename: Kazumichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Toshikatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itoh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007114:Immunization; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D000939:Epitopes; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014765:Viral Vaccines