title: No association between preeclampsia or cesarean section and incidence of type 1 diabetes among children: a large, population-based cohort study.
abstract: The objective was to investigate whether selected perinatal factors, as indicators of perinatal exposures, are associated with the risk of type 1 diabetes in children. Specifically, we tested whether maternal preeclampsia, Rhesus-immunization, induced labor, cesarean section, and multiple birth were associated with incidence of type 1 diabetes. A cohort study was designed by linking records of the Medical Birth Registry and the National Childhood Diabetes Registry of Norway. Live births in the study period were followed for a maximum of 15 y and contributed 8,166,731 person-years between 1989 and 1998. Altogether, 1824 cases of type 1 diabetes diagnosed between 1989 and 1998 were identified within the cohort. There was a suggestive, but nonsignificant, increase in risk of type 1 diabetes associated with Rhesus-immunization. Maternal preeclampsia, cesarean section, and the other perinatal factors investigated in this study were not significantly associated with incidence of type 1 diabetes in the children. Previous indications that cesarean section and preeclampsia are associated with type 1 diabetes were not supported by this large study. The majority of routinely recorded perinatal factors are only weakly associated with type 1 diabetes, or not at all.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Research Centre, Ullevål Hospital, Oslo, Norway. lars.christian.stene@fhi.no
authors.forename: Lars C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Stene
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magnus
authors.forename: Rolv T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Lie
authors.forename: Oddmund
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Søvik
authors.forename: Geir
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Joner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002585:Cesarean Section; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D018743:Perinatal Care; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors