title: Human pancreatic precursor cells secrete FGF2 to stimulate clustering into hormone-expressing islet-like cell aggregates.
abstract: Development of the endocrine pancreas includes a series of early events wherein precursor cells cluster, that is migrate to form cell aggregates, which subsequently differentiate into islets of Langerhans. We show that PANC-1 cells, a human pancreatic cell line, differentiates into hormone-producing islet-like cell aggregates after exposure to a defined serum-free medium. These cells were used to provide the following evidence that fibroblast growth factor (FGF)2 is a paracrine chemoattractant during PANC-1 cell clustering: (i) FGF2 is secreted and remains bound to the extracellular matrix from where it may diffuse to form chemoattractive gradients; (ii) a subset of cells expresses FGF receptors (FGFRs) -1, -2, -3, and -4; (iii) inhibition of FGFR tyrosine kinase inhibits cell clustering; and (iv) FGF2 neutralizing antibody inhibits clustering. In addition, adult human islet-derived precursor cells, which cluster and differentiate in a manner similar to PANC-1 cells, also secrete FGF2 and express FGFRs. We conclude that FGF2, acting as a paracrine chemoattractant, stimulates clustering of precursor cells, an early step leading to islet-like cell aggregate formation. Similar processes may occur during development of the islet of Langerhans in humans.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Anandwardhan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hardikar
authors.forename: Bernice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marcus-Samuels
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Geras-Raaka
authors.forename: Bruce M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Raaka
authors.forename: Marvin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gershengorn
mesh_terms: D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases