Association of estrogen and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms with tooth loss and oral bone loss in Japanese postmenopausal women.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between estrogen receptor (ER) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and tooth loss, oral bone loss, and postcranial bone mineral density (BMD) in Japanese postmenopausal women.


METHODS
Polymorphisms at the ER PvuII and XbaI and VDR BsmI gene sites, number of teeth remaining, oral bone mass, and BMD of the lumbar spine and the hip were evaluated in 149 Japanese postmenopausal women.


RESULTS
The distribution of ER PvuII and XbaI and VDR BsmI restriction fragment length polymorphisms was as follows: pp, 30.2%; Pp, 49.7%; PP, 20.1%; xx, 71.8%; Xx, 22.5%; XX, 2.7%; bb, 76.5%; Bb, 22.2%; and BB, 1.3%. Analysis of covariance adjusted for confounding variables revealed that participants with pp allele had fewer teeth remaining than did those with P allele. There were no significant differences in oral bone mass and postcranial BMD among three alleles at the PvuII site. Participants with X and bb allele had less oral bone mass and lower postcranial BMD than did those with xx and B allele, respectively. We could not clarify the positive associations between XbaI and BsmI polymorphism and number of teeth.


CONCLUSIONS
PvuII polymorphism was associated with tooth loss, but not with oral bone mass and postcranial BMD. XbaI and BsmI polymorphisms may be associated with bone mass or density; however, PvuII polymorphism might contribute to another unknown pathway related to tooth loss.
Taguchi
Akira
A
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Hiroshima University Dental Hospital, Japan. akiro@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
Kobayashi
Junya
J
Suei
Yoshikazu
Y
Ohtsuka
Masahiko
M
Nakamoto
Takashi
T
Tanimoto
Keiji
K
Sanada
Mitsuhiro
M
Tsuda
Mikio
M
Ohama
Koso
K
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000235:genetics*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D015519:Bone Density / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006615:Hip; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017698:Postmenopause; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics*; D016388:Tooth Loss / Q000235:genetics*
D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen