title: Multimodal spatial representations engaged in human parietal cortex during both saccadic and manual spatial orienting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent neuroimaging studies have found that several areas of the human brain, including parietal regions, can respond multimodally. But given single-cell evidence that responses in primate parietal cortex can be motor-related, some of the human multimodal activations might reflect convergent activation of potentially motor-related areas, rather than multimodal representations of space independent of motor factors. Here we crossed sensory stimulation of different modalities (vision or touch, in left or right hemifield) with spatially directed responses to such stimulation by different effector-systems (saccadic or manual).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fMRI results revealed representations of contralateral space in both the posterior part of the superior parietal gyrus and the anterior intraparietal sulcus that activated independently of both sensory modality and motor response. Multimodal saccade-related or manual-related activations were found, by contrast, in different regions of parietal cortex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whereas some parietal regions have specific motor functions, others are engaged during the execution of movements to the contralateral hemifield irrespective of both input modality and the type of motor effector.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, 17 Queen Street, United Kingdom. e.macaluso@fil.ion.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Emiliano
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Macaluso
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Driver
authors.forename: Chris D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Frith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology*; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*