title: On-line solid-phase extraction with molecularly imprinted polymers to selectively extract substituted 4-chlorophenols and 4-nitrophenol from water.
abstract: Three polymers have been synthesised using 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) as the template, following different protocols (non-covalent and semi-covalent) and using different functional co-monomers, 4-vinylpyridine (4-VP) and methacrylic acid (MAA). The polymers were evaluated to check their selectivity as molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) in solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled on-line to liquid chromatography. The solid-phase extraction procedure using MIPs (MISPE), including the clean-up step to remove any interferences, was optimised. The 4-VP non-covalent polymer was the only one which showed a clear imprint effect. This MIP also showed cross-reactivity for the 4-chloro-substituted phenols and for 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) from a mixture containing the 11 priority EPA (Environmental Protection Agency) phenolic compounds and 4-chlorophenol. The MIP was applied to selectively extract the 4-chloro-substituted compounds and 4-NP from river water samples.
authors.affiliation: Department de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Imperial Tarraco 1, 43005 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caro
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Marcé
authors.forename: Peter A G
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cormack
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Sherrington
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Borrull
mesh_terms: D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D002733:Chlorophenols; D009596:Nitrophenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C029107:4-chlorophenol; C024836:4-nitrophenol