title: Bioelectronic DNA detection of human papillomaviruses using eSensor: a model system for detection of multiple pathogens.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We used human papillomaviruses (HPV) as a model system to evaluate the utility of a nucleic acid, hybridization-based bioelectronic DNA detection platform (eSensor) in identifying multiple pathogens.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two chips were spotted with capture probes consisting of DNA oligonucleotide sequences specific for HPV types. Electrically conductive signal probes were synthesized to be complementary to a distinct region of the amplified HPV target DNA. A portion of the HPV L1 region that was amplified by using consensus primers served as target DNA. The amplified target was mixed with a cocktail of signal probes and added to a cartridge containing a DNA chip to allow for hybridization with complementary capture probes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two bioelectric chips were designed and successfully detected 86% of the HPV types contained in clinical samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This model system demonstrates the potential of the eSensor platform for rapid and integrated detection of multiple pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. svernon@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Suzanne D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Vernon
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Farkas
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Unger
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Donna L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Yin-Peng
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gary F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Blackburn
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Reeves
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D017931:DNA Primers; D015344:DNA Probes, HPV; D006801:Humans; D008828:Microbiological Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D015344:DNA Probes, HPV