Hydroxyapatite cement (BoneSource) for repair of critical sized calvarian defects--an experimental study.
OBJECTIVE
In an experimental study the hydroxyapatite cement BoneSource was tested for the ability in relation to the defect size and for its resorption properties.


METHODS
In an animal study, BoneSource was applied to repair bicortical defects of different sizes in frontal bones of six Goettingen minipigs. The area was evaluated radiographically and histologically 12, 18 and 40 weeks postoperatively.


RESULTS
After 40 weeks approximately 90% of the hydroxyapatite cement had been resorbed and replaced with bone. After 12 weeks, approximately 30% had been degraded, and 40% after 18 weeks. In small bone defects, the mucosa of the frontal sinus lined the bone substitute (BoneSource). In the reconstruction of large areas, a membrane was used to stabilize the material. Despite this membranous support, BoneSource material prolapsed into the frontal sinus.


CONCLUSIONS
Hydroxyapatite cement is for the repair of bone defects. It can be moulded to shape the reconstruction. Its use is limited by the defect size and the need for a dry bed.


CONCLUSIONS
BoneSource is well suited to repair small defects with proven high biocompatibility. However, in large defects, the material is not sufficiently stable.
Rupprecht
Stephan
S
Department of Oral & Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Erlangen-Nuremberg University, Glueckstr 11, Erlangen, Germany. stephan.rupprecht@mkg.imed.uni-erlangen.de
Merten
Hans-Albert
HA
Kessler
Peter
P
Wiltfang
Jörg
J
D000818:Animals; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology; D003399:Craniotomy; D017886:Durapatite / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000601:surgery; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery*; D013552:Swine; D013556:Swine, Miniature
D001843:Bone Cements; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C475044:hydroxyapatite cement; D017886:Durapatite