title: Changing plans: a high density electrical mapping study of cortical control.
abstract: High density electrical mapping was used to index event-related brain activity in subjects performing parametric variations of the "AX"-type continuous performance task (AX-CPT) that differentially challenge control, and informative control conditions. In the AX-CPT, subjects must use context, created by a cue stimulus, to guide response to a target. Diseases such as schizophrenia and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with impaired AX-CPT performance. Event-related potentials (ERP) were analyzed as a function of both global and local stimulus context. The topographical analysis revealed that well-defined ERP are elicited under conditions where subjects must override a prepotent response. Activation patterns related to overriding a prepotent response (Go to No-Go) differed markedly from those associated with overriding a prepotent non-response (No-Go to Go). Dipole source mapping suggested that withholding a prepotent response is reflected primarily in anterior cingulate/dorsolateral prefrontal cortex activity during the 350-450 ms latency range following presentation of the No-Go. In contrast, preparing to respond is reflected in parietal (including area BA 40) activity during the same latency range, followed by a prolonged frontal negativity (contingent negative variation; CNV). Similar patterns of activation were observed whether the changes in preparation were triggered by cue or target stimuli, though target-elicited potentials peaked earlier.
authors.affiliation: Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Program in Cognitive Neurosciences and Schizophrenia, The Nathan Kline Institute for Psychiatric Research, 140 Old Orangeburg Rd, Orangeburg, NY 10962, USA. dias@nki.rfmh.org
authors.forename: Elisa C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Foxe
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Javitt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology