title: Functional characterisation of the recombinant tumor necrosis factors in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) is a key mediator in regulating the inflammatory response. Previously two TNF genes have been cloned and sequenced from rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. In this study, the mature peptides of the two TNF molecules were produced in bacteria, purified under native conditions and their bioactivities evaluated in vitro. Both trout rTNF1 and rTNF2 induced gene expression of a number of proinflammatory factors including IL1beta, TNF1, TNF2, IL8 and COX2 in freshly isolated head kidney leucocytes and the macrophage cell line RTS11. The stimulatory doses of both rTNFs were >or=10 ng/ml. Moreover, leucocyte migration and phagocytic activity were enhanced in vitro by the rTNFs in a dose dependent manner. Western blot analysis revealed the presence of multiple forms of rTNF structures including monomeric, dimeric and trimeric forms, suggesting that formation of a homotrimeric structure may be essential for the TNF bioactivities.
authors.affiliation: Scottish Fish Immunology Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, Zoology Building, Tillydrone Avenue, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, AB24 2TZ, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peddie
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scapigliati
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Bols
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Secombes
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000906:Antibodies; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha