title: Composition and oligosaccharides of a milk sample of the giant panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca.
abstract: A milk sample from a captive giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca), obtained at 13 days postpartum, contained 7.1% protein, 1.6% carbohydrate, 10.4% lipid and 0.9% ash. The ratio of casein to whey proteins was 5.0:2.1. Sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of the whey protein fraction showed the presence of at least two major proteins other than alpha-lactalbumin and beta-lactoglobulin. SDS-PAGE and urea-gel electrophoresis showed that alphas-casein is not a major component. The proportions of triacylglycerol, cholesterol, cholesterol esters and phospholipid were 90.5, 5.3, 0.96 and 3.1%, of the total lipid, respectively. The dominant saccharide in the panda milk was Gal(alpha1-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc (isoglobotriose). The milk contained, in addition, lesser amounts of lactose, Gal(alpha1-3)Gal(beta1-4)[Fuc(alpha1-3)]Glc (fucosyl isoglobotriose), Neu5Ac(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)Glc (3'-N-acetylneuraminyl-lactose), Neu5Ac(alpha2-6)Gal(beta1-4)Glc (6'-N-acetylneuraminyl-lactose) and Neu5Ac(alpha2-3)Gal(beta1-4)[Fuc(alpha1-3)]Glc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioresource Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, Hokkaido, 080-8555, Japan. nakamura@obihiro.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Tadasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Urashima
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizukami
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Ikichi
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arai
authors.forename: Tatsudo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Senshu
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imazu
authors.forename: Tatsuko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Kongju
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002364:Caseins / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001503:Ursidae; D000067816:Whey Proteins
chemical_list: D002364:Caseins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008894:Milk Proteins; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D000067816:Whey Proteins