title: A randomized prospective clinical trial of the effect of infant orthopedics in unilateral cleft lip and palate: prevention of collapse of the alveolar segments (Dutchcleft).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of infant orthopedics (IO) on maxillary arch form and position of the alveolar segments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective two-arm randomized, controlled trial in parallel with three participating academic cleft palate centers. Treatment was assigned by means of a computerized balanced allocation method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cleft palate centers of Amsterdam, Nijmegen, and Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
  
  
  METHODS
  Infants with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate and no other malformations.
  
  
  METHODS
  One group (IO+) wore passive maxillary plates during the first year of life; the other group (IO-) did not. All other interventions were the same.
  
  
  METHODS
  The presence of contact and/or overlap (collapse) between the maxillary segments at maxillary casts made shortly after birth, at 15, 24, 48, 58, and 78 weeks. Survival experience of contact and collapse with time as well as the frequencies of different arch forms and severity of collapse were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparable arch forms with no contact or overlap of the maxillary segments were seen at birth in both groups. With time the frequency of collapse increased, with no significant differences between groups. No significant group differences were found with respect to the survival experience of contact and collapse or for the severity of collapse at the end of the observational period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infant orthopedics does not prevent collapse and can be abandoned as a tool to improve maxillary arch form.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Oral Biology, University Medical Center St Radboud, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prahl
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kuijpers-Jagtman
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Van 't Hof
authors.forename: Birte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Prahl-Andersen
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008437:Maxilla; D009973:Orthodontics, Preventive; D010158:Palatal Obturators / Q000191:economics; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome