title: DNA hypomethylation and imbalanced expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, 3A, and 3B) in human uterine leiomyoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite the high prevalence of uterine leiomyoma in women, little is known about the pathophysiology of this tumor. This study intends to define the epigenetic modulation of this tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three pairs of leiomyomas and their adjacent myometria were collected. Status of DNA global methylation was determined by using DNA methyl acceptance assay and immunohistochemistry staining with 5-methylcytidine antibody. MRNA level of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, 3A, and 3B) was assessed by quantitative real time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DNA global hypomethylation was detected in the leiomyoma tissues as compared with the adjacent myometria. DNMT1 expression was increased in 47.5% and was equal in 47.5% in leiomyomas compared to the adjacent myometria. On the other hand, over 74% of cases showed decreased expression of DNMT3A and 3B in leiomyomas compared to the adjacent myometria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Global hypomethylation and imbalanced expression of DNMTs in uterine leiomyoma suggested a potential mechanism of epigenetic modulation in the development of this tumor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Tulane/Xavier Universities, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112-2699, USA. li2@niehs.nih.gov
authors.forename: Shuanfang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tung-chin
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Richard-Davis
authors.forename: J Carl
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mclachlan
mesh_terms: D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation; D000090205:DNA Methyltransferase 3A; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D000097584:DNA Methyltransferase 3B
chemical_list: D000076123:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferase 1; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases; D000090205:DNA Methyltransferase 3A; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000097584:DNA Methyltransferase 3B; C000717967:DNMT3A protein, human; C000619380:DNMT1 protein, human