title: LDL receptor relatives at the crossroad of endocytosis and signaling.
abstract: For many years, the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor and the LDL receptor-related protein (LRP) have been considered to be prototypes of cargo receptors which deliver, via endocytosis, macromolecules into cells. However, the recent identification of additional members of this gene family and examination of their biology has revealed that at least some of these proteins are also signaling receptors. Very low density lipoprotein receptor and ApoER2 transmit the extracellular reelin signal into migrating neurons, and thus are key components of the reelin pathway which governs neuronal layering of the forebrain during embryonic brain development. LRP5 and LRP6 are integral components of the Wnt signaling pathway which is central to many processes of metazoan development, cell proliferation, and tumor formation. Adaptor proteins interacting with the cytosolic domains of these receptors might orchestrate their ability to deliver their cargo or a signal.
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Genetics, BioCenter and University of Vienna, Dr Bohrgasse 9/2, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nimpf
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004527:Egg Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D060492:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-5; D060488:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D018110:Receptors, Lipoprotein / Q000502:physiology; D000091042:Reelin Protein; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004527:Egg Proteins; D026502:LDL-Receptor Related Proteins; C555482:LRP5 protein, human; C555475:LRP6 protein, human; D008074:Lipoproteins; D060492:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-5; D060488:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-6; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D018110:Receptors, Lipoprotein; D000091042:Reelin Protein; C036053:VLDL receptor; C098773:low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 8; C030474:vitellogenin receptor; C000717127:RELN protein, human