title: Persistent indocyanine green fluorescence after vitrectomy for macular hole.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the persistence of indocyanine green (ICG) autofluorescence after ICG-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling for macular hole surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interventional case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective institutional study. Four eyes of four patients who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with ICG-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling for macular hole repair were imaged for ICG autofluorescence at 795 nm with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope. The main outcome measure was persistence of ICG autofluorescence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All four patients demonstrated persistent ICG fluorescence in the central macula up to 8 months postsurgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Persistent ICG signal was noted in the macula months after vitrectomy for macular hole surgery. The persistence of ICG autofluorescence could be responsible for delayed photochemical damage to the retinal pigment epithelium. Further studies must quantify the risk of retinal pigment epithelium injury when ICG-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling is used in macular hole surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Edward S. Harkness Eye Institute, New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, New York, USA. aciardella@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Antonio P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Ciardella
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schiff
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barile
authors.forename: Orit
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vidne
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sparrow
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Langton
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005453:Fluorescence; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007368:Interferometry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014054:Tomography; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green