title: New insights in beta-tubulin sequence analysis in non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: Scarce data are available regarding the molecular mechanisms implicated in paclitaxel resistance. There is controversial data about beta-tubulin mutations role in paclitaxel resistance. We have conducted this trial to address the influence of beta-tubulin mutations in paclitaxel resistance in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A group of 15 patients were biopsied and diagnosed of stages IIIB and IV NSCLC. Tumor specimens were used for DNA isolation and exon 4 of HM40 beta-tubulin isotype was amplified and automatically sequenced, using both intronic and exonic primers. Next, the chemotherapy schedule consisted of weekly paclitaxel (100 or 150 mg/m(2) x 6) followed 2 weeks later by cisplatin 100 mg/m(2) on day 1, gemcitabine 1000 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 14, and vinorelbine 25 mg/m(2) on days 1 and 14, every 28 days. Using exonic primers, gene sequence alterations were found in 13/15 (87%) patients, including transitions (codons 180 and 182) and one silent transversion (codon 195). Also, three transversions (codons 231, 234, and 235) were found in all patients and controls. All alterations disappeared when sequenced with intronic primers. Our results suggest that point mutations demonstrated with exonic primers but not with intronic ones are probably due to beta-tubulin pseudogenes present in advanced NSCLC specimens. Even so, when these beta-tubulin pseudogenes are found there is a clear relation with clinical response. Although these changes could be relevant in paclitaxel resistance, this observation must be proven in future clinical trials to resolve "the tubulin dilemma".
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, La Paz University Hospital, Paseo de la Castellana 261, Madrid 28046, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Castro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Belda-Iniesta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cejas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Casado
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fresno Vara
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hardisson
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feliu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ordóñez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nistal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: González-Barón
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018287:Carcinoma, Large Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014404:Tubulin / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D014404:Tubulin; D017239:Paclitaxel