title: Digital imaging: a promising tool for mushroom identification.
abstract: Mushroom poisoning is a diagnostic and treatment dilemma for health care professionals. Decisions regarding treatment following ingestions are usually made without a firm identification of the fungus and tend to be more aggressive than necessary. The identification of mushrooms is beyond the scope of health care professionals, and a mycologist is essential to make an accurate identification. Telemedicine and digital imaging is an emerging technology that can assist in mushroom identification and facilitate patient care. The efficacy of using digital images sent over the Internet was tested in a pilot project. This article describes three cases in which digital images and verbal descriptions assisted in mushroom identification. When the actual specimen was sent to a mycologist, a definitive identification was obtained and compared with the presumptive identification. Digital images alone do not permit definitive identification; however, they often contain sufficient information to help the clinician rule out the possibility of a severely toxic species. Data accumulated to date indicate that digital imaging can be an important tool in the diagnosis and treatment of mushroom ingestion, and possibly other biologicals such as plants, insects, and reptiles.
authors.affiliation: Illinois Poison Center, Chicago, IL 60606, USA. cfischbein@aol.com
authors.forename: Connie B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Fischbein
authors.forename: Gregory M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Patrick R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Leacock
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wahl
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Aks
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000363:Agaricales / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009145:Mushroom Poisoning / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000379:methods*