title: Restoration of binocular single vision after long-term fusion disruption.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the most difficult situations faced by orthoptists and pediatric ophthalmologists is attempting to restore binocular single vision to a patient who has experienced a long-term disruption of fusion. Initial poor results with standard treatment modalities, including prisms and strabismus surgery, may lead to a diagnosis of intractable diplopia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined, treated, and followed up 5 patients with strabismus after an extended period of monocular vision loss. All patients were diplopic after the restoration of visual acuity in the affected eye.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 5 patients experienced a period of uncomfortable intermittent fusion with the initial prismatic correction. After many months of close follow-up with prism and orthoptic therapy, comfortable fusion was restored for 3 patients. Convergence amplitudes improved with the orthoptic exercises, and we were eventually able to eliminate most or all of the horizontal prism in the 3 patients who regained binocular single vision; however vertical fusion was less responsive and most often required permanent prismatic correction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combination of prism therapy, orthoptic treatment, and follow-up during a period of many months to years can restore fusion in some patients who have experienced a long-term disruption of fusion.
authors.affiliation: Orthoptics Clinic, King Kahled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Leonard G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Digout
authors.forename: Abdulaziz H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Awad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003290:Convergence, Ocular; D004172:Diplopia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005139:Eyeglasses; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009988:Orthoptics; D020127:Recovery of Function; D015348:Vision, Binocular