title: Effect of saponification on the anaerobic digestion of solid fatty residues.
abstract: In France, fatty residues considered as "non-ultimate" waste will not be accepted in landfill from 2002, in accordance with French legislation. Anaerobic digestion appears as an alternative process to mobilize and profitably use such fermentable waste. In this work, the effect of an alkaline pretreatment on the degradation of hexane extractible matter (HEM) and the production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) was compared in reactors working at pH 6.5 and 8.5. The results obtained showed that 40% (+/- 0.1) of HEM were degraded at pH 8.5 versus 10% (+/- 0.3) at pH 6.5, regardless of the alkali agent used to saponify the greasy wastes. The highest performances of VFA production (8.45% +/- 0.3) were obtained at pH 8.5 with greases saponified by potassium hydroxide, compared to results (4.25% +/- 0.1) with greasy waste saponified by sodium hydroxide. This difference in VFA production might be attributable to biotoxic molecules generated during the saponification of greases by soda, limiting consequently the VFA production process.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute for Agronomic Research (INRA), Avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mouneimne
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Carrère
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bernet
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Delgenès
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005223:Fats / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D006868:Hydrolysis; D006878:Hydroxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012915:Soaps / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005223:Fats; D006878:Hydroxides; D007220:Industrial Waste; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D012915:Soaps; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D012972:Sodium Hydroxide; C029943:potassium hydroxide