title: [Radiofrequency ablation ex vivo: comparison of the efficacy of impedance control mode versus manual control mode by using an internally cooled clustered electrode].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of pulsed (impedance control mode) and non-pulsed (manual control mode) radiofrequency ablation (RFA) by using an internal cooled-clustered electrode.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ex vivo RF ablations (n = 93) were performed with a 200 W RF generator (Model-Cooled Tip, Radionics, USA) in 10 bovine livers, using the impedance and manual control mode. In the impedance control mode, the generator automatically adjusted the applied RF power to the tissue impedance measured during RF ablation. In the manual control mode, the application of the RF power was constant. Both applications were investigated in a capacity range between 5 and 200 W. The duration for each RF ablation was between 2 and 60 minutes. After RF ablation, the short axis diameter of the necrosis was determined macroscopically and the peripheral zone of the necrosis histologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The impedance control mode produced lesions with short axis diameters of 5.3 +/- 0.3 cm at a power of 200 W after 60 minutes of RF ablation and the manual control mode lesions with short axis diameters of 4.1 +/- 0.4 cm at a power of 70 W after 8 +/- 2 minutes of RF ablation. The impedance control mode increased significantly the time of RF ablation with higher power and the size of necrosis (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In comparison to non-pulsed RF ablation, pulsed RF ablation with internal cooled-clustered electrodes significantly increases the size of the lesions and represents a methodical optimization in our opinion.
authors.affiliation: Uniklinik Tübingen, Radiologische Klinik, Abteilung für Radiologische Diagnostik. diethardt.schmidt@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trübenbach
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brieger
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duda
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Pereira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D002417:Cattle; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000295:instrumentation*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D009336:Necrosis; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013997:Time Factors