title: Preoperative assessment of stenosis of the epiaortic vessels: can colour-Doppler ultrasound really supplant angiography?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic role of digital angiography compared with colour-Doppler US in the study of epiaortic vessel stenoses and the degree of morbidity associated with angiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Out of 2,000 angiographic examinations of the epiaortic vessels performed for the concurrent presence of clinical findings of cerebrovascular insufficiency and colour-Doppler US findings of carotid-vertebral stenosis, a randomized sample of 200 patients was evaluated. The retrospective review of medical records provided the surgical data of the stenosis which were subsequently compared with the angiography and colour-Doppler US findings, and with the clinical and laboratory data to identify the possible complications of angiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Diagnostic agreement was 75%. Colour-Doppler US underestimated stenosis in 16.5% and overestimated stenosis in 8% of cases. In 18% of cases there was a diagnostic gain of angiography (vascular lesions associated with main lesion), which also provided clinically important incidental findings (intracranial aneurysms, meningiomas) in 6.5% of patients. No relevant complications resulting from the angiographic procedure were recorded.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Angiography allowed a more accurate evaluation of the degree of stenosis compared with colour-Doppler ultrasound. Moreover, it allowed diagnosis of important associated conditions that may affect therapeutic planning. In our series, we recorded no important complications related to angiography. Therefore, angiography remains the standard of reference in the preoperative evaluation of patients with clinically diagnosed cerebral ischaemia. Though fairly reliable as a first-line investigation, Colour-Doppler US is not sufficiently exhaustive as a pre-operative evaluation tool.
authors.affiliation: Angiografia-Radiologia Interventistica, Ospedale Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza S. Giovanni Rotondo (Foggia), Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Florio
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nardella
authors.forename: Siverio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Balzano
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Strizzi
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lauriola
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falcone
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Volpe
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color