Antibiotic therapy in preterm premature rupture of membranes: Are seven days necessary? A preliminary, randomized clinical trial.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to determine whether 3 days of broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, which is intended to prolong latency in patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes, is comparable to 7 days of therapy.


METHODS
Patients with preterm premature rupture of membranes at three separate study sites were asked to participate in this intent-to-treat, prospective, randomized trial. They were assigned randomly to either 3 or 7 days of ampicillin-sulbactam (3 g intravenously every 6 hours). The primary outcome of interest was the latency period from membrane rupture to delivery.


RESULTS
Forty-two individuals were enrolled in each group. No difference was noted in the latency interval between the two groups (3 days, 214 +/- 225 hours, vs 7 days, 229 +/- 218 hours). A significantly higher number of patients in the 3-day group completed therapy (80.1% vs 47.6%, P =.003). No other parameters were significantly different between the two groups. No adverse events or trends were noted in either group.


CONCLUSIONS
There appears to be no difference in the latency period between 3 and 7 days of ampicillin-sulbactam antibiotic therapy. More patients are needed to exclude a type II error.
Lewis
David F
DF
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kentucky Chandler Medical Center, Lexington, USA. dlewi1@lsuhsc.edu
Adair
C David
CD
Robichaux
Alfred G
AG
Jaekle
Ronald K
RK
Moore
Jodi A
JA
Evans
Arthur T
AT
Fontenot
M Todd
MT
D000328:Adult; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007629:Kentucky; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013407:Sulbactam / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013714:Tennessee; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
C035444:sultamicillin; D000667:Ampicillin; D013407:Sulbactam