title: What do hospital consultants value about their jobs? A discrete choice experiment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the strength of hospital consultants' preferences for various aspects of their work.
  
  
  METHODS
  Questionnaire survey including a discrete choice experiment.
  
  
  METHODS
  NHS Scotland.
  
  
  METHODS
  2923 hospital consultants in Scotland.
  
  
  METHODS
  Monetary valuations or prices for each job characteristic, based on consultants' willingness to pay and willingness to accept extra income for a change in each job characteristic, calculated from regression coefficients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The response rate was 61% (1793 respondents). Being on call was the most important attribute, as consultants would need to be compensated up to pound 18,000 (30% of their average net income) (P < 0.001) for a high on-call workload. Compensation of up to pound 9700 (16% of their net income) (P < 0.001) would be required for consultants to forgo opportunities to undertake non-NHS work. Consultants would be willing to accept pound 7000 (12% of net income) (P < 0.001) in compensation for fair rather than good working relationships with staff, and pound 6500 (11% of net income) (P < 0.001) to compensate them for a shortage of staff. The least important characteristic was hours of work, with pound 562 per year (0.9% of their net income) (P < 0.001) required to induce consultants to work one extra hour per week. These preferences also varied among specific subgroups of consultants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Important information on consultants' strength of preferences for characteristics of their job should be used to help to address recruitment and retention problems. Consultants would require increased payment to cover more intensive on-call commitments. Other aspects of working conditions would require smaller increases.
authors.affiliation: Health Economics Research Unit, Institute of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ubach
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: Morag
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Awramenko
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Needham
mesh_terms: D003253:Consultants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008297:Male; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000523:psychology*; D012606:Scotland; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires