Two-photon imaging to a depth of 1000 microm in living brains by use of a Ti:Al2O3 regenerative amplifier.
It is shown that two-photon fluorescence images can be obtained throughout almost the entire gray matter of the mouse neocortex by using optically amplified femtosecond pulses. The achieved imaging depth approaches the theoretical limit set by excitation of out-of-focus fluorescence.
Theer
Patrick
P
Max-Planck Institute for Medical Research, Johnstrasse 29, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. ptheer@mpimf-heidelberg.mpg.de
Hasan
Mazahir T
MT
Denk
Winfried
W
D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003911:Dextrans; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010487:Periaqueductal Gray / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D017785:Photons; D014025:Titanium
D003911:Dextrans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; C015219:fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D014025:Titanium; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D000537:Aluminum Oxide