title: Epiretinal membrane formation is a late manifestation of shaken baby syndrome.
abstract: Shaken baby syndrome is a constellation of injuries resulting from the intentional shaking type movement of a child who is usually younger than 3-years-old. This rapid acceleration-deceleration movement of the head is responsible for lesions attributed to shearing forces placed on the vitreoretinal structures and meningeal vessels across the dura. The ophthalmic findings include intraocular hemorrhages, perimacular retinal folds, and peripheral retinoschisis in the presence of intracranial injuries such as subdural hematomas without obvious external signs of head trauma. We describe a case of late development of an epiretinal membrane in a child with a history of shaken baby syndrome and propose a differential diagnosis list for epiretinal membrane formation in the pediatric age group.
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Alberta Children's Hospital, University of Calgary, Canada.
authors.forename: Anna L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ells
authors.forename: Amine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kherani
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000473:pathology; D009896:Optic Atrophy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D038642:Shaken Baby Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D013997:Time Factors