title: Longitudinal assessment of changes in HIV-specific effector activity in HIV-infected patients starting highly active antiretroviral therapy in primary infection.
abstract: Both the magnitude and breadth of HIV-specific immunity were evaluated longitudinally on samples collected from six subjects starting highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) preseroconversion (group 1), 11 recently infected subjects starting HAART postseroconversion (group 2), five subjects starting HAART in the second half of the first year of infection (group 3), and six persons starting treatment in the chronic phase of infection (group 4). HIV-specific immunity was measured by IFN-gamma ELISPOT, detecting the frequency of cells responding to a panel of HLA-restricted HIV-1 peptides. Intracellular cytokine staining was used to detect the frequency of HIV-1 Gag p55-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in a subset of participants. The magnitude and breadth of HIV-specific responses persisted in all group 1 subjects and in 5 of 11 (45%) group 2 subjects. Both of these parameters declined in 6 of 11 (55%) group 2 and in all group 3 and 4 individuals. All persons who maintained detectable numbers of HIV-1 Gag p55-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells after starting HAART preserved the intensity and breadth of their HIV-specific effector response. Our results show that HIV-specific immunity can be preserved even if HAART is initiated beyond the acute phase of infection.
authors.affiliation: McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alter
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hatzakis
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Tsoukas
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pelley
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rouleau
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Baril
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dion
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lefebvre
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Côté
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lapointe
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Routy
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Sékaly
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: N F
authors.initials: NF
authors.lastname: Bernard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D007371:Interferon-gamma