title: The helical axis of the mandible during the opening and closing movement of the mouth.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The movement of a rigid body through space may be comprehensively described by constructing a "finite helical axis" (FHA). The rigid body carries out a rotation around this axis for discrete periods of time while at the same time moving along this axis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The free opening and closing movement of the mouth was registered in eight asymptomatic test persons, using the CADIAX electronic axiography system (GAMMA-DENTAL, Klosterneuburg, Austria). Subsequently, the position of the FHA in space, the angle of rotation around this axis, and the amount of translation along the FHA were determined for each subject, using the coordinates of the measuring styluses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the initial phase of the mouth-opening movement, the FHAs were near the condyle. Over the course of the opening movement, they moved toward downward backward, downward and downward forward, and finally to forward upward toward the condyle upon reaching maximum mouth opening. During the closing movement, the FHAs shifted back in the reverse direction. During both the opening and the closing movement, there was a slight translational movement along the FHAs, which provided an indication of mandibular deviation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Hamburg, Germany. khonsari@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sadat-Khonsari
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fenske
authors.forename: Bärbel
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kahl-Nieke
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kirsch
authors.forename: Hans Dieter
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Jüde
mesh_terms: D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007574:Jaw Relation Record / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008334:Mandible / Q000502:physiology; D008432:Mathematical Computing; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D012984:Software; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000502:physiology*