title: Use of the Independence 3000 IBOT Transporter at home and in the community.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The INDEPENDENCE 3000 IBOT Transporter (IBOT) is an electronically stabilizing mobility device for people with disabilities. It operates in 4 functions: Standard, Balance (raised on 2 rear wheels), 4 Wheel (for inclines, curbs, and uneven terrain), and Remote (for loading into a vehicle).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to observe the IBOT at use in the home and in the community.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained via observations by trained clinicians, data recorded from a computerized data logger, and reports from each expert.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants included 10 unimpaired nonwheelchair users (6 men, 4 women) and 4 expert wheelchair users (men with spinal cord injuries, T7-L1). The participants used the IBOT to perform a variety of activities, including holding eye-level discussions with colleagues and shopping by balancing on 2 wheels, going up and down steep ramps, traversing outdoor surfaces (eg, grass, dirt trails), and climbing curbs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Balance and 4-Wheel functions were helpful and worked well. The IBOT required attention to control in the Standard function. The seat height was too high for most tables and desks, and the IBOT was challenging to use in the bathroom.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IBOT is a functional mobility device that expands the options of wheelchair users. It is most useful outdoors and where there is sufficient space to use its unique Balance function.
authors.affiliation: Human Engineering Research Laboratories, VA Pittsburgh Healthcare System, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15206, USA. rcooper+@pitt.edu
authors.forename: Rory A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Boninger
authors.forename: Rosemarie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Annmarie R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Dobson
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmeler
authors.forename: Shirley G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Fitzgerald
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D014910:Wheelchairs