title: Regulation of dynamic behavior of cardiac ryanodine receptor by Mg2+ under simulated physiological conditions.
abstract: Mg2+, an important constituent of the intracellular milieu in cardiac myocytes, is known to inhibit ryanodine receptor (RyR) Ca2+ release channels by competing with Ca2+ at the cytosolic activation sites of the channel. However, the significance of this competition for local, dynamic Ca2+-signaling processes thought to govern cardiac excitation-contraction (EC) coupling remains largely unknown. In the present study, Ca2+ stimuli of different waveforms (i.e., sustained and brief) were generated by photolysis of the caged Ca2+ compound nitrophenyl (NP)-EGTA. The evoked RyR activity was measured in planar lipid bilayers in the presence of 0.6-1.3 mM free Mg2+ at the background of 3 mM total ATP in the presence or absence of 1 mM luminal Ca2+. Mg2+ dramatically slowed the rate of activation of RyRs in response to sustained (> or =10-ms) elevations in Ca2+ concentration. Paradoxically, Mg2+ had no measurable impact on the kinetics of the RyR response induced by physiologically relevant, brief (<1-ms) Ca2+ stimuli. Instead, the changes in activation rate observed with sustained stimuli were translated into a drastic reduction in the probability of responses. Luminal Ca2+ did not affect the peak open probability or the probability of responses to brief Ca2+ signals; however, it slowed the transition to steady state and increased the steady-state open probability of the channel. Our results indicate that Mg2+ is a critical physiological determinant of the dynamic behavior of the RyR channel, which is expected to profoundly influence the fidelity of coupling between L-type Ca2+ channels and RyRs in heart cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Physiology and Genetics, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Vlárska 5, 833 34 Bratislava, Slovak Republic. alexandra.zahradnikova@savba.sk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zahradníková
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dura
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Györke
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Escobar
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zahradník
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Györke
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium