title: [Effects of Fränkel II appliance on sagittal dimensions of upper airway in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Fränkel II appliance on the upper airway of children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects consisted of 20 patients with Angle Class II, division I malocclusion (10 males and 10 females). The ages of all cases were ranged in 9-10 years. Each experimental subject was also served as self-control and cephalometric analysis was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with the results of pretreatment, the distance of PNS-Ba, SPP-SPPW, P-T, V-LPW and the Mcnamara line increased remarkably.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Fränkel II appliance can improve the sagittal dimensions of the upper airway in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Danna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Zhihe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010614:Pharynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D011859:Radiography; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012886:Skull / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging