title: Regulation of growth-hormone-receptor gene expression by growth hormone and pegvisomant in human mesangial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mice transgenic for growth hormone develop mesangial proliferation, glomerular hypertrophy, and progressive glomerular sclerosis suggesting that the growth hormone-insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) pathway plays an important role. Therefore, we studied the impact of variable concentrations of 22 kD, 20 kD growth hormone, as well as of the growth hormone receptor antagonist pegvisomant (B2036-PEG), on both the growth hormone receptor (GHR/GHBP) gene expression and growth hormone binding protein (GHBP) formation in a human glomerular mesangial cell line. Further, the impact on collagen, IGF-I and IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) formation was studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  In order to assess transcription, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physiologic doses of 22 kD or 20 kD growth hormone caused a dose-dependent and significant (P < 0.01) up-regulation of GHR/GHBP gene transcription, whereas supraphysiologic doses (50 and 500 ng/mL) resulted in down-regulation (P < 0.001). Whenever pegvisomant was used, there was no increase in GHR/GHBP expression. These data were confirmed using run-on experiments. Further, the assessment of GHBP presented a constant, dose-dependent increase, which was completely abolished in the experiments where pegvisomant was used.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We present data showing that growth hormone has a direct impact on GHR/GHPB gene transcription and that pegvisomant is a potent growth hormone receptor antagonist in human mesangial cells. In addition, although the GHR/GHBP gene transcription is down-regulated by supraphysiologic growth hormone concentrations, this effect was not found when GHBP levels were measured. This finding may reflect a self-inhibitory effect of growth hormone on the level of GHR/GHBP gene transcription, which does not involve the regulation of the shedding of GHBP and may, therefore, be of physiologic interest.
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Endocrinology, University Children's Hospital, Inselspital, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Meinhardt
authors.forename: Andrée
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eblé
authors.forename: Amélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Besson
authors.forename: Christian J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Strasburger
authors.forename: Jean-Daniel
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sraer
authors.forename: Primus E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Mullis
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000378:metabolism; D003470:Culture Media; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D003470:Culture Media; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D011986:Receptors, Somatotropin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; C406545:pegvisomant