title: The validity of computerized orthognathic predictions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  utilizing OPAL cephalometric prediction software.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective investigation involving the random selection of Class II orthognathic patients from surgical records.
  
  
  METHODS
  These 25 cases had undergone treatment aimed at producing Class I incisors. This involved fixed orthodontic appliances and a mandibular advancement osteotomy with rigid internal fixation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lateral cephalographs from three key stages were digitized and processed using the OPAL software. Pre-treatment predictions were generated and compared with the actual clinical changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prediction of some of the principal OPAL variables (SNA, ANB, LAFH%, OJ, OB) was reasonably accurate in terms of mean values. However, there were large individual variations for most measurements, and prediction of Wits, MxP/MnP, LAFH, and LPFH was prone to systematic error. In particular, there was a tendency towards over-prediction of the surgically-induced backward mandibular rotation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In lieu of further validation caution should be exercised with the interpretation of individual OPAL predictions, especially vertical skeletal changes, and an explanation given to patients that orthognathic predictions are based on generalizations.
authors.affiliation: York District Hospital, York, UK. Richard.Cousley@pbh-tr.nhs.uk
authors.forename: R R J
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Cousley
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kindelan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D010027:Osteotomy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012399:Rotation; D012986:Software Validation; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted; D016896:Treatment Outcome