title: Efficacy of prophylactic use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in autoimmune neutropenia in infancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Most children with autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) have a benign clinical course because of the spontaneous resolution of neutropenia. The authors observed the clinical course of AIN in infancy accompanied by the prophylactic use of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) during neutropenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight infants with AIN were followed by serial tests for antineutrophil antibodies and management of infectious complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The spontaneous disappearance of antineutrophil antibodies that preceded the normalization of the neutrophil count was found in all patients. Until the resolution of neutropenia, TMP-SMX was administered in five patients, resulting in a reduction in the incidence of infection with no adverse effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations demonstrate the possibility of the safety and usefulness of TMP-SMX treatment in patients with AIN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Education, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima, 739-8524 Japan. masak@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kihara
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.forename: Misae
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanihiro
authors.forename: Kikuyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis / Q000379:methods*; D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic / Q000097:blood*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D003140:Communicable Disease Control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007239:Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D019268:Antibodies, Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic; D001323:Autoantibodies; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination