title: The influence of gender-related beliefs and conceptions of ability on women learning the hockey wrist shot.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability on perceived and actual competene and patterns of behavior during practice of the hockey wrist shot. Sixty-eight undergraduate women formed four treatment conditions based on their beliefs about gender appropriateness and conceptions of ability. Four teachers taught across the treatment conditions for a total of 16 learning groups. Data were collected through a three-part questionnaire and from audio-video taping of the entire episode to ascertain the paticipants' competency beliefs, effort, and performance. Gender appropriateness impacted the participants' perceptions of competence and actual performance in the study, while beliefs about conceptions of ability did not produce a significant difference. This study reaffirms that educators must work diligently to combat the stereotypical beliefs many hold with respect to the gender appropriateness of physical activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa 35487-0312, USA. dbelcher@bamaed.ua.edu
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Belcher
authors.forename: Amelia M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Melinda A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Solmon
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harrison
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006688:Hockey / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D015588:Observer Variation; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis