Phenolic diterpenes, flavones, and rosmarinic acid distribution during the development of leaves, flowers, stems, and roots of Rosmarinus officinalis. Antioxidant activity.
The distribution of six compounds with three different polyphenol skeletons have been studied in Rosmarinus officinalis: phenolic diterpenes (carnosic acid, carnosol, and 12-O-methylcarnosic acid), caffeoyl derivatives (rosmarinic acid), and flavones (isoscutellarein 7-O-glucoside and genkwanin), each showing a characteristic behavior and distribution during the vegetative cycle. Only in leaves were all six compounds present, and the highest accumulation rate was related with the young stages of development. Rosmarinic acid showed the highest concentrations of all the polyphenols in all organs. The distribution of this acid in leaves, flowers, and stems suggests that in the first stages of flower growth, levels were due to in situ biosynthesis, and in the last stages, the contribution of transport phenomena was increased. The antioxidant activity of six extracts with different polyphenolic composition was evaluated in aqueous and lipid systems. The results clearly suggest that rosemary extracts are excellent antioxidants in both aqueous and lipid systems.
del Baño
María José
MJ
Research and Development Department of Nutrafur-Furfural Español S.A., Camino Viejo de Pliego s/n, 80320 Alcantarilla, Murcia, Spain.
Lorente
Juan
J
Castillo
Julián
J
Benavente-García
Obdulio
O
del Río
José Antonio
JA
Ortuño
Ana
A
Quirin
Karl-Werner
KW
Gerard
Dieter
D
D045784:Abietanes; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000032:analysis*; D053630:Depsides; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000032:analysis*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis*; D035264:Flowers / Q000254:growth & development; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000032:analysis; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000254:growth & development; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000254:growth & development; D018547:Plant Stems / Q000254:growth & development; D011108:Polymers / Q000032:analysis; D027542:Rosmarinus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
D045784:Abietanes; D000975:Antioxidants; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D004224:Diterpenes; D005419:Flavonoids; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011108:Polymers; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; C068623:carnosol; C018381:salvin