title: Antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae: are they useful in clinical practice?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae are associated with Crohn's disease. The aim of this study was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae for Crohn's disease in an Italian population and to evaluate their clinical role.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae serum levels were assessed in 72 inflammatory bowel disease patients (30 Crohn's disease; 42 ulcerative colitis) and 35 age-matched controls. Patients were divided into subgroups on the basis of disease behavior and clinical feature were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae sensitivity and specificity for Crohn's disease patients were 50% (31-68) and 91% (77-98), for IgG and 56% (37-64) and 94% (80-99), respectively, for IgA. No correlation was observed between the presence of antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and clinical features. Antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae were more prevalent in Crohn's disease than in ulcerative colitis patients (IgA: 57% vs. 26%; IgG: 50% vs. 17%; p < 0.05). Interestingly, in Crohn's disease patients, the prevalence of antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae was higher in patients with small bowel involvement than in patients with pure colonic disease (IgA: 66% vs. 17%; IgG: 58% vs. 17%). No difference in antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae prevalence was observed between ulcerative colitis and pure colonic Crohn's disease patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show an association between Crohn's disease and antibodies to Saccharomyces cerevisiae. However, it does not seem useful in discriminating between ulcerative colitis and colic Crohn's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Catholic University of Sacred Heart, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Candelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papa
authors.forename: E C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Nista
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Danese
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Armuzzi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bartolozzi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tondi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ojetti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gasbarrini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gasbarrini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000908:Antibodies, Fungal / Q000097:blood*; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000276:immunology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000908:Antibodies, Fungal; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G