title: High intakes of trans monounsaturated fatty acids taken for 2 weeks do not influence procoagulant and fibrinolytic risk markers for CHD in young healthy men.
abstract: Dietary trans fatty acids are associated with increased risk of CHD. We hypothesized that the changes in plasma lipids associated with a high intake of trans fatty acids would cause adverse effects on procoagulant and fibrinolytic activities. A randomized crossover controlled feeding study was conducted in twenty-nine men. A trans-rich diet supplying 10 % energy as trans- 18:1 was compared with diets in which the trans fatty acids were replaced either with carbohydrate or oleate; each diet was taken for 2 weeks in random order. Fasting fibrinogen and d-dimer concentrations and factor VII coagulant, plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 and tissue plasminogen activator did not differ between diets. Postprandially, tissue plasminogen activator activity increased and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 activity decreased on all diets. Factor VIIc increased postprandially by 15 and 17 % on the trans and oleate diets respectively, compared with an 11 % increase on the carbohydrate diet; the mean difference between oleate and carbohydrate diets was 6 (95 % CI 0.2, 11.9) %. The LDL-cholesterol:HDL-cholesterol and apolipoprotein B : apolipoprotein A-I ratios increased by 13 (95 % CI 5.7, 21.8) and 10 (95 % CI 3.1, 17.2) % respectively on the trans diet compared with the oleate diet and by 6 (95 % CI 0.1,12.7) and 7 (95 % CI 0, 13.5) % respectively compared with the carbohydrate diet. Plasma HDL2-cholesterol concentration was 18 (95 % CI 0.7, 35.9) % lower on the trans diet compared with the oleate diet. The results confirm adverse effects of trans fatty acids on HDL-cholesterol concentrations, but suggest that trans fatty acids do not have any specific effects on known haemostatic risk markers for cardiovascular disease in healthy young men in the short-term.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition Food and Health Research Centre, King's College London, Franklin-Wilkins Building, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NN, UK. Tom.Sanders@kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Thomas A B
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Francesca R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Oakley
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crook
authors.forename: Jackie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: George J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001054:Apolipoproteins A / Q000032:analysis; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000032:analysis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D005167:Factor VII / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D005342:Fibrinolysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012307:Risk Factors; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D015415:Biomarkers; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D019301:Oleic Acid; D005167:Factor VII; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002784:Cholesterol; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator