title: N-acetylcysteine reduces malondialdehyde levels in chronic hemodialysis patients--a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxidative stress has been implicated in the development of endothelial damage in hemodialysis (HD). We have assessed the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a compound with antioxidant effects, on malondialdehyde (MDA), a marker of oxidative stress on lipid peroxidation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A clinical trial was conducted in which 24 chronic HD patients were divided into 2 groups according to gender, age, time on HD and cause of renal failure. The NAC group (n = 12) received 600 mg of NAC twice a day for 30 days. The remaining patients constituted the control group (n = 12). MDA levels were measured pre- and post-dialysis at the beginning of the study (baseline) and on day 30 (30 days).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline pre- and post-dialysis MDA levels were not different between both groups and were above normal values. A significant decrease was found in the NAC group when either pre- or post-dialysis MDA levels were compared to the corresponding control group levels on day 30 (pre-dialysis NAC vs control group 3.01 +/- 0.6 vs 4.5 +/- 0.73 micromol/l, p < 0.0001, post-dialysis NAC vs control group 2.76 +/- 0.5 vs 4.39 +/- 0.7 micromol/l, p < 0.0001). Only in the NAC group were pre-dialysis MDA 30-day levels different from pre-dialysis baseline levels (3.01 +/- 0.6 vs 5.07 +/- 1.6 micromol/l, p < 0.002). Post-dialysis MDA 30-day concentrations were significantly lower than post-dialysis MDA baseline levels (2.76 +/- 0.5 vs 4.32 +/- 0.7 micromol/l, p < 0.002) and pre-dialysis MDA 30-day measurements (2.76 +/- 0.5 vs 3.01 +/- 0.6 micromol/l, p < 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MDA levels are elevated in chronic HD patients and are not significantly reduced by HD. NAC significantly reduces malondialdehyde levels in chronic HD patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Biochemistry Laboratory, Hospital Británico de Buenos Aires, Argentina. htrimarchi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Trimarchi
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mongitore
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baglioni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Forrester
authors.forename: E A R
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Freixas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schropp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pereyra
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alonso
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010865:Pilot Projects; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000111:Acetylcysteine