title: Nickel uptake and utilization by microorganisms.
abstract: Nickel is an essential nutrient for selected microorganisms where it participates in a variety of cellular processes. Many microbes are capable of sensing cellular nickel ion concentrations and taking up this nutrient via nickel-specific permeases or ATP-binding cassette-type transport systems. The metal ion is specifically incorporated into nickel-dependent enzymes, often via complex assembly processes requiring accessory proteins and additional non-protein components, in some cases accompanied by nucleotide triphosphate hydrolysis. To date, nine nickel-containing enzymes are known: urease, NiFe-hydrogenase, carbon monoxide dehydrogenase, acetyl-CoA decarbonylase/synthase, methyl coenzyme M reductase, certain superoxide dismutases, some glyoxylases, aci-reductone dioxygenase, and methylenediurease. Seven of these enzymes have been structurally characterized, revealing distinct metallocenter environments in each case.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, 6193 Biomedical Physical Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
authors.forename: Scott B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Mulrooney
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Hausinger
mesh_terms: D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006864:Hydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017136:Ion Transport; D015080:Mesna / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009532:Nickel / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D014510:Urease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C023349:methyl coenzyme M; D000105:Acetyl Coenzyme A; D009532:Nickel; D006864:Hydrogenase; D014510:Urease; D015080:Mesna