title: 1,1'-Dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium-smectites as a novel adsorbent of phenols from water through charge-transfer interactions.
abstract: The adsorption of 2,4-dichlorophenol onto the 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium-saponite, a smectite group of clay minerals, from dilute aqueous solution occurred effectively through charge-transfer interactions and such interactions resulted in the change in the color of the 1,1'-dimethyl-4,4'-bipyridinium-saponite.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Nishiwaseda 1-6-1, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8050, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogawa