title: Relationship between oxidative stress and extrinsic coagulation pathway in haemodialyzed patients.
abstract: Enhanced oxidative stress (SOX), endothelial dysfunction and haemostatic abnormalities are common in end-stage renal failure patients undergoing maintenance haemodialysis (HD). We studied associations among circulating immunoreactive total lipid peroxides as a marker of short-time SOX, autoantibodies against oxidized LDL as a surrogate of prolonged SOX, copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) as a major antioxidant enzyme, tissue factor (TF) as a principal initiator of extrinsic coagulation pathway counteracted by its inhibitor (TFPI), and prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F 1+2) as a surrogate of activated haemostasis.Pre-dialysis blood levels of all the markers studied were higher in 24 clinically stable HD patients compared to 11 healthy controls. Spearman's correlations among the three SOX markers were positive but nonsignificant in both HD patients and controls. In HD subjects, increased Cu/Zn SOD levels directly correlated with those of TF (rho=0.551, p=0.005) and TFPI (rho=0.501, p=0.001); the coagulation markers were also positively associated with each other (rho=0.663, p=0.0004). In healthy subjects, the relations between Cu/Zn SOD, TF and TFPI levels were inverse but not significant, and the direct association between TF and TFPI was nonsignificant either. In conclusion, increased plasma levels of Cu/Zn SOD, the antioxidant enzyme with emerging endothelial cell-protective and antithrombotic properties, may be a novel part of the system counteracting activated extrinsic coagulation system in maintenance HD patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 14 Zurawia Street, 15-540 Bialystok, Poland. krystynapawlak@poctza.onet.pl
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pawlak
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borawski
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Naumnik
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mysliwiec
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000032:analysis; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000032:analysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C051928:lipoprotein-associated coagulation inhibitor; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; C045879:prothrombin fragment 1.2; D011516:Prothrombin; D013925:Thromboplastin; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase