title: Comparative analysis of gene-expression patterns in human and African great ape cultured fibroblasts.
abstract: Although much is known about genetic variation in human and African great ape (chimpanzee, bonobo, and gorilla) genomes, substantially less is known about variation in gene-expression profiles within and among these species. This information is necessary for defining transcriptional regulatory networks that contribute to complex phenotypes unique to humans or the African great apes. We took a systematic approach to this problem by investigating gene-expression profiles in well-defined cell populations from humans, bonobos, and gorillas. By comparing these profiles from 18 human and 21 African great ape primary fibroblast cell lines, we found that gene-expression patterns could predict the species, but not the age, of the fibroblast donor. Several differentially expressed genes among human and African great ape fibroblasts involved the extracellular matrix, metabolic pathways, signal transduction, stress responses, as well as inherited overgrowth and neurological disorders. These gene-expression patterns could represent molecular adaptations that influenced the development of species-specific traits in humans and the African great apes.
authors.affiliation: The Institute for Genetic Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
authors.forename: Mazen W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Karaman
authors.forename: Marlys L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Houck
authors.forename: Leona G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Chemnick
authors.forename: Shailender
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagpal
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chawannakul
authors.forename: Dominick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sudano
authors.forename: Brian L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Pike
authors.forename: Vincent V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Oliver A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Ryder
authors.forename: Joseph G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hacia
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006071:Gorilla gorilla / Q000235:genetics; D015186:Hominidae / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D019974:Pan paniscus / Q000235:genetics; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000235:genetics; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics