title: Genetic abnormalities of cell proliferation, invasion and metastasis, with special reference to gynaecological cancers.
abstract: This review focuses on molecular events with the progression of gynaecological malignancies. The association of genetic abnormalities in cell cycle regulator genes, tumor suppressor genes and gene coding for growth factor receptors, with the progression of gynaecological cancers is reviewed. The possibility that some of these genes, cell cycle regulator genes in particular, could be co-operating with human papilloma virus genes in the induction and progression of gynaecological cancers is also discussed. The clinical effectiveness and reliability of these genes as markers of cancer progression and predictors of disease prognosis have been evaluated.
authors.affiliation: School of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Merz Court, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, U.K. gajanan.sherbet@ncl.ac.uk  gsherbet@immed.org
authors.forename: Gajanan V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Sherbet
authors.forename: Dilip
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Patil
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D018450:Disease Progression; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016161:Genes, Retinoblastoma; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D018816:Genes, cdc; D016158:Genes, p53; D011905:Genes, ras; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000235:genetics*; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics; D011379:Prognosis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D054778:NM23 Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D009701:Nucleoside-Diphosphate Kinase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human; D020559:Monomeric GTP-Binding Proteins