title: Ki-67 expression and prognosis for smokers with resected stage I non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The cigarette smoking status of patients before surgery is an important prognostic factor in evaluation of stage I non-small cell lung cancer, and the proliferative activity of lung tumors is also related to the patient's prognosis. This study evaluates relationships between various clinicopathologic factors, including tumor proliferative activity and smoking status, and the patient's prognosis in stage I non-small cell lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred eighty-seven stage I adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma cases were evaluated. The patients underwent complete resection between 1988 and 1993 at Chiba University Hospital. Expression levels of Ki-67 nuclear antigen, p53 protein, and retinoblastoma protein were determined immunohistochemically, and postoperative survival rates for patients in the categories of clinicopathologic factors were estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean Ki-67 labeling index (LI) for all cases was 19.3%. Labeling index values were significantly higher in squamous cell carcinoma than in adenocarcinoma (p < 0.0001). Postoperative survival of adenocarcinoma patients was significantly related to the LI values and to the patient's smoking status (p = 0.0164 and 0.0268, respectively). The LI values were also related to smoking status and the extent of histologic differentiation (p = 0.0112 and p < 0.0001, respectively). For non-smoking adenocarcinoma patients, higher LI values were associated with abnormalities in p53 expression (p = 0.0048). Retinoblastoma protein abnormalities were not related to LI values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In smokers with stage I pulmonary adenocarcinoma, tumor proliferative activity and smoking status before surgery were important prognostic determinants. The LI values were related to several clinicopathologic factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Pathology and Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. yukiko30@lapis.plala.or.jp
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haga
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiroshima
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iyoda
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibuya
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shimamura
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iizasa
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: Hidemi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohwada
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000032:analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53