title: A routine high-performance liquid chromatography method for carotenoid determination in ultrafrozen orange juices.
abstract: An isocratic reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method was developed for routine analysis of the main carotenoids related to the color of orange juice, using a more selective wavelength (486 nm) in which the absorption in the red-orange region of the visible spectra is maximum. Separation was carried out using as the mobile phase the mixture methanol:acetonitrile:methylene chloride:water (50:30:15:5, v/v/v/v), to which small amounts of butylated hydroxytoluene and triethylamine were added (0.1%). Identification was made by comparison either with standards obtained by thin-layer chromatography or with spectral data previously reported. The reproducibility of the method was remarkable; coefficients of variation for the most polar xanthophylls were under 1 and 4% for retention times and areas, respectively. Its application to Valencia late ultrafrozen orange juices has shown that major carotenoids are lutein + zeaxanthin (36%), lutein 5,6-epoxide (16%), antheraxanthin (14%), and beta-cryptoxanthin (12%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Seville, 41012 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Meléndez-Martínez
authors.forename: Isabel M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Vicario
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Heredia
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D005615:Freezing; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D002338:Carotenoids