title: Antiviral activity of a hot water extract of black soybean against a human respiratory illness virus.
abstract: Significant antiviral activity against respiratory illness viruses has been found in a hot-water extract of black soybean. This black soybean extract showed significant antiviral activity against human adenovirus type 1 and coxsackievirus B1 in a dose-dependent manner, while the hot-water extract from common yellowish soybean showed only weak activity. The antiviral activity could not be extracted from the black soybean by 70% aqueous ethanol, suggesting that saponin in the seed did not contribute to this activity. The antiviral activity was only recovered from cotyledons and not from seed coats with the hot water, showing that the activity was distributed in the cotyledons and that antocyanins in the black soybean seed coats did not contribute to the antiviral activity. The antiviral compound(s) in the black soybean was partially purified by up to 166 times by a combination of gel filtration, reversed phase HPLC, and ion-exchange HPLC. The partially purified antiviral compound showed hydrophilic and anionic properties, and a maximum absorption at 260 nm, suggesting that this antiviral fraction may contain a phenyl group(s). On the other hand, an amino acid analysis with the acid hydrolyzate and a neutral sugar analysis showed that the antiviral compound from black soybean might not be a polypeptide or glycoconjugate bearing neutral sugar(s).
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomolecular Science, The Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tushima-Naka, Okayama 700-8530, Japan. m.yamai@taiyo-koryo.co.jp
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamai
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsumura
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000187:drug effects*; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000032:analysis; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018548:Cotyledon / Q000737:chemistry; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000187:drug effects*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000821:virology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents; D013025:Glycine max / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D002241:Carbohydrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water