title: Hammett studies of enantiocontrol by PHOX ligands in Pd-catalyzed allylic substitution reactions.
abstract: Electronically modified PHOX ligands 3a-e were synthesized to probe the mechanism of the enantioselective palladium-catalyzed allylic alkylation and amination reactions. Alkylation with dimethyl sodiomalonate produced only a small variation in the ee (89.3% to 93.4%), but amination with benzylamine gave a much wider variation in the ee (16.4% to 66.6%). Hammett analysis suggests that the substituents interact more significantly with phosphorus and supports a combined electronic and steric basis for enantioselection. [reaction: see text]
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Middlebury College, Middlebury, VT 05753, USA.
authors.forename: Ryan N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Constantine
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Richard C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bunt