title: Desflurane and sevoflurane attenuate oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced neuronal cell death.
abstract: Neuronal cell death may occur via two pathways: those causing necrosis or those causing apoptosis. Apoptosis can be activated during periods of stress such as oxygen and glucose deprivation. Anesthetic agents such as desflurane or sevoflurane can attenuate early neuronal necrotic death, but their effect on oxygen and glucose deprivation-induced apoptosis has not been investigated. Neuronal cell cultures were prepared from neonatal rat cortex and were used between 10 and 14 days in vitro. The neuronal cell cultures were pretreated 30 minutes prior to oxygen and glucose deprivation with either desflurane or sevoflurane (N = 18). Three concentrations of each anesthetic were evaluated. The cultures were then deprived of oxygen and glucose for 30, 60, or 90 minutes. Treatment with desflurane or sevoflurane was continued during the period of oxygen and glucose deprivation. Forty-eight hours after exposure, the cells were examined for apoptosis using TUNEL and DNA gel electrophoresis. Comparisons were made to neuronal cortical cell cultures exposed to oxygen and glucose deprivation alone (N = 9). This in vitro model of oxygen and glucose deprivation was successful in producing neuronal cell death during the exposure times examined. During 30-, 60-, and 90-minute periods of oxygen and glucose deprivation, both desflurane and sevoflurane significantly ( approximately 98%) attenuated neuronal cell death regardless of concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wise-Faberowski
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Raizada
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sumners
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects*; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000077335:Desflurane; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000172:deficiency*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D005947:Glucose; D010100:Oxygen