title: [Post-radiotherapy hyperthyroidism: a rare complication of cancer treatment in the child].
abstract: Abnormalities of thyroid function, specially hypothyroidism, are common complications of head and neck irradiation for childhood cancer. Hyperthyroidism is rare and can be misdiagnosed. We report two observations of this condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  The first patient received conventional craniospinal irradiation for a localized medulloblastoma. Three years later, he presented with profuse sweating, irritability and paroxysmal tachycardia. Biologic evaluation revealed a peripheral hyperthyroidism. The patient was treated with antithyroidian hormonal treatment. The second patient received an irradiation for an undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Three years later, she developed a progressive thyrotoxicosis which was attributed to hyperthyroidism after six months of evolution. Hormonal treatment improved the clinical state after several weeks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperthyroidism is a rare complication of head and neck irradiation. This condition justifies a periodic and prolonged evaluation of thyroid function.
authors.affiliation: Institut Gustave Roussy, 39, rue Camille-Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Slacmeulder
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brauner
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guilhaume
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Habrand
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kalifa
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hartmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002528:Cerebellar Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008527:Medulloblastoma / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011832:Radiation Injuries; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects