title: Perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the brain: techniques and application in children.
abstract: Perfusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (PWI) has been proposed as an attractive non-invasive tool for evaluating cerebral haemodynamics. Quantitative maps of cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), mean transit time (MTT), time to peak (TTP) and various other haemodynamic parameters can be obtained. Recent advances in hard- and software made PWI available for clinical routine. Although PWI became common in adult neuroradiology, it remains challenging in pediatric neuroradiology. In this article, the different PWI techniques that render haemodynamic maps of the brain are presented and discussed. The normal developmental changes of the cerebral haemodynamics in children as measured by PWI are presented as well as the application of PWI in cerebral ischaemia, primary and secondary cerebral vasculopathies and in cerebral tumours.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. thierry.huisman@kispi.unizh.ch
authors.forename: Thierry A G M
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Huisman
authors.forename: A Gregory
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Sorensen
mesh_terms: D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003287:Contrast Media; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010477:Perfusion; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA