A diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia prompted by cutaneous lymphocytic infiltrates present in mohs micrographic surgery frozen sections.
BACKGROUND
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is the most common form of leukemia in the United States. Patients with CLL are at an increased risk for the development of second malignant neoplasms, the most common of which is cuta-neous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Cutaneous infiltrates of CLL have been reported in association with primary cutaneous neoplasms, including SCC, basal cell carcinoma, and actinic keratosis. The finding of a dense lymphocytic infiltrate surrounding a cutaneous neoplasm should prompt consideration of possible underlying CLL.


OBJECTIVE
To review the relationship of CLL to cutaneous SCC and to raise awareness of the possible coexistence of these two neoplasms.


METHODS
The case report describes a patient with a SCC of the left cheek treated with Mohs micrographic surgery. A dense lymphocytic infiltrate was noted on the frozen sections, and a complete blood count was obtained.


RESULTS
A lymphocytosis was detected, leading to the diagnosis of CLL, stage 0.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with CLL are at an increased risk for the development of cutaneous neoplasms. An infiltrate of leukemic cells in documented CLL patients can be associated with cutaneous neoplasms such as SCC. We present a patient with no known hematologic malignancy who demonstrated a dense lymphocytic infiltrate on Mohs sections. The diagnosis of CLL was considered based on the appearance of this infiltrate. Subsequently, a new case of CLL was confirmed with appropriate testing. The finding of a dense subcutaneous infiltrate of lymphocytes on Mohs frozen sections should raise the possibility of CLL and lead to appropriate screening tests.
Padgett
Julia K
JK
Department of Dermatology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908-0718, USA.
Parlette
Harry L
HL
English
Joseph C
JC
D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005629:Frozen Sections; D006801:Humans; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D017254:Leukemic Infiltration / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D015580:Mohs Surgery