Epidemiology and pathophysiology of minor traumatic brain injury.
This review article presents evidence from the current literature on the epidemiology and pathophysiology of concussion. The recent epidemiologic data for a variety of sports are presented relevant to the general population, and professional, college, and high school athletics. The evidence for the pathophysiology of head injury is presented using a mixture of current animal and human studies. A brief discussion on the benefits and limitations of the evidence is offered for the both the epidemiology and pathophysiology of concussion, and how it relates to current treatment options.
Grindel
Scott H
SH
Primary Care Sports Medicine, Spectrum Health, Reed City Campus, 300 N. Patterson Road, Reed City, MI 49677-0075, USA. Obervellmar@surferie.net
D000818:Animals; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012574:Schools / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium