title: Epidemiology and pathophysiology of minor traumatic brain injury.
abstract: This review article presents evidence from the current literature on the epidemiology and pathophysiology of concussion. The recent epidemiologic data for a variety of sports are presented relevant to the general population, and professional, college, and high school athletics. The evidence for the pathophysiology of head injury is presented using a mixture of current animal and human studies. A brief discussion on the benefits and limitations of the evidence is offered for the both the epidemiology and pathophysiology of concussion, and how it relates to current treatment options.
authors.affiliation: Primary Care Sports Medicine, Spectrum Health, Reed City Campus, 300 N. Patterson Road, Reed City, MI 49677-0075, USA. Obervellmar@surferie.net
authors.forename: Scott H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Grindel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001924:Brain Concussion / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008274:Magnesium / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012574:Schools / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium