title: Determination of salbutamol using on-line solid-phase extraction and sequential injection analysis. Comparison of chemiluminescence and fluorescence detection.
abstract: Determination of salbutamol using sequential injection analysis (SIA) with chemiluminescence and fluorescence detection has been devised. The chemiluminescence signal was emitted during the oxidation of salbutamol by potassium permanganate in sulfuric acid medium. Sodium polyphosphate was used as chemiluminescence enhancer. The fluorescence signal (excitation wavelength 230 nm) was also measured in sulfuric acid medium. Both detection techniques were compared with respect to the application of the methods to the determination of salbutamol in biological materials. The sample pre-treatment takes place directly in the SIA system, when salbutamol is adsorbed on the solid-phase (Baker-carboxylic acid) microcolumn integrated into the system. Sulfuric acid serves both as the reagent and the eluent. The lab-made SIA system consisted of a 2.5-mL Cavro syringe pump, ten-port Vici Valco selection valve and Spectra-Physics FS 970 fluorescence detector, which was lab-modified for chemiluminescence detection. The system was controlled by a PC using originally compiled LabVIEW-supported software. Concentrations, volumes of reagents and flow rates were optimised by a simplex method. Salbutamol was determined in the linear range 0.05-10 microg mL(-1) (RSD 1.53%), with the detection limit (3 sigma) 0.03 microg mL(-1) and sample throughput of 42 samples per hour with chemiluminescence detection in standard solutions. The fluorescence detection enabled the determination of salbutamol in standard solutions in the linear range 0.5-100 microg mL(-1) (RSD 2.69%), with the detection limit 0.2 microg mL(-1) and sample throughput of 24 h(-1). The proposed methods were applied to the determination of salbutamol in human serum and urine. However, serum is a very complicated matrix and the SIA-SPE analysis did not provide satisfactory results. It was possible to determine salbutamol in human urine using this technique. Better recovery was achieved with fluorescence detection.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Charles University, Heyrovského 1203, Hradec Králové 500 05, Czech Republic. huclova@faf.cuni.cz
authors.forename: Jitka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huclová
authors.forename: Dalibor
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Satínský
authors.forename: Hana
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sklenárová
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karlícek
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D000420:Albuterol / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D002138:Calibration; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D012015:Reference Standards; D012016:Reference Values; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D000420:Albuterol