title: Cardiovascular responses to chemical stimulation of the lateral tegmental field and adjacent medullary reticular formation in the rat.
abstract: Relatively few studies have been done to characterize cardiovascular responses to the chemical stimulation of sites located in the medullary lateral tegmental field (LTF) and most of them have been carried out in anesthetized animals. Our experiments were carried out in decerebrated, artificially ventilated, adult male Wistar rats. In the LTF, two types of cardiovascular responses were elicited. One type consisted of pressor responses accompanied by bradycardia. Such responses were elicited from a region 0.4 mm caudal to 0.8 mm rostral to the calamus scriptorius (CS); maximum responses were elicited from a site 0.6 mm rostral to the CS, 1.2 mm lateral to the midline and 1.2 mm deep from the dorsal medullary surface. Another type consisted of pressor responses without any change in heart rate; such responses were elicited from a region 1-1.6 mm rostral to the CS. Nucleus ambiguus (nAmb) and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus (nDMX) and the reticular formation surrounding these areas were the main sites from which bradycardia (accompanied by either no or small changes in BP) was elicited. In the nAmb, maximum bradycardia was elicited from a site 0.6 mm rostral to the CS, 1.8 mm lateral to the midline and 2.4 mm deep from the dorsal medullary surface. In the nDMX, most prominent bradycardic responses were elicited at 0-0.6 mm rostral to the CS, and 0.6 mm lateral to the midline and 1 mm deep from the dorsal medullary surface. Cardiovascular effects elicited from sites in other well-known areas, such as the rostral ventrolateral medullary pressor area (RVLM) and caudal ventrolateral medullary depressor area (CVLM), and the nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS) were also included for comparison of different responses. These results are expected to prove useful in studies in which the microinjection technique is used to characterize cardiovascular responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, MSB H-586, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103-2757, USA.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marchenko
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Sapru
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000139:chemically induced; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003655:Decerebrate State / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008845:Microinjections; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011190:Potassium Cyanide / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012154:Reticular Formation / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000139:chemically induced; D013681:Tegmentum Mesencephali / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D010656:Phenylephrine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D011190:Potassium Cyanide