title: Molecular genetics of central nervous system malformations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Each of the processes involved in the development of the central nervous system is under genetic control and some mutations are responsible for severe malformations. For example, holoprosencephaly is associated with HPE genes, hydrocephalus with L1-CAM and lissencephaly with LIS-1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Molecular genetics has brought new insights into the etiology and pathogenesis of nervous system malformations and has provided new tools for accurate prenatal diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Marcel Mérieux, 17/19 Avenue Tony Garnier, BP 7322, 69357 Lyon Cedex 07, France. fforestier@lab-merieux.fr
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forestier
mesh_terms: D000649:Amniocentesis / Q000379:methods; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000378:metabolism; D002824:Chorionic Villi / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D003582:Cytogenetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D009421:Nervous System Malformations / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis