title: Sum1 and Ndt80 proteins compete for binding to middle sporulation element sequences that control meiotic gene expression.
abstract: A key transition in meiosis is the exit from prophase and entry into the nuclear divisions, which in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae depends upon induction of the middle sporulation genes. Ndt80 is the primary transcriptional activator of the middle sporulation genes and binds to a DNA sequence element termed the middle sporulation element (MSE). Sum1 is a transcriptional repressor that binds to MSEs and represses middle sporulation genes during mitosis and early sporulation. We demonstrate that Sum1 and Ndt80 have overlapping yet distinct sequence requirements for binding to and acting at variant MSEs. Whole-genome expression analysis identified a subset of middle sporulation genes that was derepressed in a sum1 mutant. A comparison of the MSEs in the Sum1-repressible promoters and MSEs from other middle sporulation genes revealed that there are distinct classes of MSEs. We show that Sum1 and Ndt80 compete for binding to MSEs and that small changes in the sequence of an MSE can yield large differences in which protein is bound. Our results provide a mechanism for differentially regulating the expression of middle sporulation genes through the competition between the Sum1 repressor and the Ndt80 activator.
authors.affiliation: Waksman Institute and Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: Kirsten R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.forename: Sherwin P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Montano
authors.forename: Millie M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Georgiadis
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: Andrew K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Vershon
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D008540:Meiosis / Q000235:genetics; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C097071:NDT80 protein, S cerevisiae; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C100925:SUM1 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C443670:Smk1 protein, S cerevisiae