title: Nitric oxide and inflammatory response in simulated extracorporeal circulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Simulated extracorporeal circulation (SECC) induces inflammatory reaction. Nitric oxide (NO) has pro-and anti-inflammatory properties. NO role in SECC-related inflammatory response is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify if NO affects the foreign-surface induced leukocyte activation during SECC.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human blood was circulated through SECC during 3 hours. Control group C was ventilated with oxygen/air mixture and the study group with oxygen/air mixture and NO. Leukocyte activation was measured as serum levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO), human neutrophil lipocalin (HNL), lactoferrin (LF), interleukin-1-beta (IL-1 beta) and interleukin-10 (IL-10). Oxygen free radical production capacity was evaluated with chemiluminescence. NO metabolites nitrite/nitrate were estimated in serum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Leukocyte granule release increased over time. Addition of NO significantly increased MPO, HNL and LF release. The average difference increased with SECC duration. NO addition did not significantly affect measured interleukins concentration or oxygen free radical production capacity. NO metabolites increased significantly in the NO circuits.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate that NO addition during SECC is pro-inflammatory and has no effect on oxygen free radical production and interleukin release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Sweden.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lahtinen
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Melki
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adamik
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Khamis
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Borowiec
mesh_terms: D005112:Extracorporeal Circulation; D005609:Free Radicals; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005609:Free Radicals; D007378:Interleukins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide