title: A new adhesive technology for all-ceramics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Evaluation of a new surface treatment method to obtain a good bond strength between a luting composite and several ceramics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimen preparation and test procedure were done according to ISO 10477 Amendment 1. The surfaces of Empress II, InCeram-Alumina, InCeram-Zirconia and Frialit (ZrO2) were ground under water-cooling with 400 grit grinding paper, afterwards polished with 800 grit and air-dried. Each ceramic material investigated was divided into three groups of 10 specimens each. Group 1 was flame-treated with the PyrosilPen for 2.5 s, group 2 for 5 s and group 3 for 10 s/cm(2). After the flame treatment, a methacryl silane was applied followed by a luting composite. Prior to measuring shear bond strength, the specimens were thermocycled 5,000 times in a water-bath between +5 and +55 degrees C. Furthermore, SEM- and Fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer (FT-IR)-investigations were done. As a control, Empress II etched and silaned was used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Shear bond strength measurements indicated that the optimal treatment time was 5 s/cm(2). Regarding this time the following bond strength values between the luting composite and the various ceramics were obtained: Empress II 23 (5)MPa, InCeram-Alumina 23 (5)MPa, InCeram-Zirconia 13 (8)MPa, and Frialit 16 (6)MPa. The control achieved 27 (6)MPa. On all surfaces of the flamed specimens Si could be detected by FT-IR.Significance. The PyrosilPen-Technology is an easy and effective method for surface-treating silicate, aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide ceramics to obtain good bonding to luting composites.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Medicine, Humboldt-University Berlin (Charité), D-13353 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Janda
authors.forename: J-F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Roulet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wulf
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Tiller
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D003762:Dental Instruments; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D019279:Resin Cements; D033081:Shear Strength; D012821:Silanes; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: C118557:Empress 2; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C103502:Variolink; D015040:Zirconium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; C028541:zirconium oxide