New aspects for the role of physical training in the management of patients with chronic heart failure.
Recent experimental and clinical data have shown that physical training is an important therapeutic intervention in the management of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), improving central hemodynamics and attenuating peripheral abnormalities (endothelial dysfunction and skeletal myopathy) characterizing the progression of the syndrome. Additionally, physical training seems to beneficially modulate peripheral immune responses of CHF expressed by elevated circulating proinflammatory cytokines, soluble cellular adhesion molecules and soluble apoptosis signaling molecules, resulting in improvement in exercise capacity of CHF patients. This article summarizes current knowledge about the beneficial role of physical training in CHF, as well as about traditional and novel mechanisms contributing to the physical training-induced improvement in clinical performance of CHF patients.
Adamopoulos
Stamatis
S
Second Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Onassis Cardiac Surgery Center, Athens, Greece. sadamo@bigfoot.com
Parissis
John T
JT
Kremastinos
Dimitrios Th
DT
D002908:Chronic Disease; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans