title: Cigarette smoking and cervical cancer: Part II: a geographic variability study.
abstract: Cigarette smoking is considered a causative factor in a variety of cancers. However, the role of smoking in cervical cancer is disputed, in part because women who smoke may have other risk factors for cervical cancer, particularly HPV infection. We reviewed cigarette smoking prevalence, cervical and lung cancer incidence, and gross domestic product (GDP) per capita in the US and 73 other countries. It appears that smoking may play a prominent role in cervical cancer in developing countries, but less of a role in other countries.
authors.affiliation: The Intramural Research Program (Addiction Research Center), National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, MD, Baltimore, USA.
authors.forename: Stacey L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Steckley
authors.forename: Wallace B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Pickworth
authors.forename: Harry W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Haverkos
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D019371:Topography, Medical; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*