title: [Decrease in nickel sensitization in young patients--successful intervention through nickel exposure regulation? Results of IVDK, 1992-2001].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the early 1990s, the prevalence of nickel contact allergy was high-almost 20% on a population level, and some 40% in contact dermatitis patients. Around that time, nickel exposure was starting to be regulated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive and bivariate analyses of patch test results of all patients tested with nickel sulfate (5% pet.) in the departments joining the Network of Departments of Dermatology (IVDK) 1992-2001 (n=82,991, women: 52,709; men: 30,282). The annual frequency of sensitization to nickel was analyzed in women and men in four age subgroups (<31/31 to <44/44 to 58= or >58).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In young women less than 31 (n=13.909) the prevalence of contact allergy to nickel decreased significantly from 36.7% in 1992 to 25.8% in 2001. In young men in the same age group (n=7087), the prevalence dropped from 8.9% in 1992 to 5.2% in 2001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed decline indicates that measures to limit the release of nickel from costume jewelry helped reduce the prevalence of nickel allergy. In general term, allergen elimination or reduction is an effective primary prevention strategy which does not depend on individual behavior modifications.
authors.affiliation: Zentrale des IVDK, Institut an der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. aschnuch@med.uni-goettingen.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schnuch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geier
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lessmann
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Uter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009532:Nickel / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011322:Primary Prevention; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D009532:Nickel