title: Simvastatin-fluconazole causing rhabdomyolysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of rhabdomyolysis after concomitant use of simvastatin, a commonly used hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitor, and fluconazole, an azole antifungal agent.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 83-year-old white man with a history of congestive heart failure and hyperlipidemia presented to the hospital 1 week following the addition of fluconazole to a medication regimen that included simvastatin 40 mg once daily. The patient had severe muscle weakness and a markedly elevated serum creatine kinase activity, which resolved following discontinuation of simvastatin and fluconazole.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rhabdomyolysis is a recognized adverse effect of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), commonly caused by their interaction with other drugs, such as azole antifungals, that inhibit the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme family. An objective causality assessment revealed that the adverse drug event was probable. Although drug interactions have been described for combinations of other HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors and azole antifungals, rhabdomyolysis likely caused by the interaction between simvastatin and fluconazole has not yet been reported. This case reinforces the importance of being vigilant for drug interactions, particularly in connection with commonly prescribed medications such as statins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients receiving statins who have cancer may receive azole antifungals and other drugs that inhibit CYP3A4 during treatment, predisposing them to toxicity. These patients should therefore be monitored closely for drug interactions.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. medasha@acsu.buffalo.edu
authors.forename: Aasma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shaukat
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benekli
authors.forename: Georgirene D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Vladutiu
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Slack
authors.forename: Meir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wetzler
authors.forename: Maria R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Baer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D012206:Rhabdomyolysis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D015725:Fluconazole; D019821:Simvastatin; D003402:Creatine Kinase