title: Differentiating anxiety and depression in older adults with generalized anxiety disorder.
abstract: To examine affect and cognition in differentiating anxiety and depression, 83 older participants with generalized anxiety disorder completed the Cognitive Checklist (CCL) and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule (PANAS). A 3-factor solution was found for the PANAS: positive affect (PA), anxiety and anger (Negative Affect 1 [NA-1]), and guilt and shame (Negative Affect 2 [NA-2]). A 2-factor structure was noted for the CCL. Correlations with anxiety and depression measures suggested that the CCL Depression (CCL-D) subscale showed stronger correlations with depression, whereas the CCL Anxiety subscale did not uniquely correlate with anxiety. The NA-1 subscale correlated positively with measures of depression and anxiety, whereas the PA subscale showed negative correlations. Hierarchical regression suggested that the CCL-D subscale was a significant predictor of self-reported depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Park Hall, Buffalo, New York 14260, USA. jgbeck@buffalo.edu
authors.forename: J Gayle
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Novy
authors.forename: Gretchen J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Diefenbach
authors.forename: Melinda A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: Patricia M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Averill
authors.forename: Alan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Swann
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires