title: Intraoperative angiography in the surgical treatment of cerebral arteriovenous malformations and fistulas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of intraoperative angiography in the surgical treatment of cerebrovascular malformations remains controversial. The authors report on their experiences with intraoperative angiography in a series of 20 cases with cerebrovascular malformation to determine whether the use of intraoperative angiography has a favorable impact on the surgical treatment of cerebrovascular malformations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intraoperative angiography was performed in the surgical resection of arteriovenous malformation in 18 patients and in the surgical obliteration of arteriovenous fistula in 2 patients. The incidence of unexpected findings, such as residual nidus, demonstrated by intraoperative angiography was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High-quality subtraction images were obtained by intraoperative angiography in every case and the findings prompted an additional procedure in 1 case that displayed an unexpected residual nidus (5.6%). There were no complications from the intraoperative angiography procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative assessment of technical results prior to wound closure offers the neurosurgeon the opportunity to resect or obliterate a vascular malformation completely, obviating a second operation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan. kyanaka@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanaka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumaru
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asakawa
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Anno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nose
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D002550:Cerebral Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures