title: Cardiorespiratory fitness modifies the association between dietary fat intake and plasma fatty acids.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relation between (1) cardiorespiratory fitness and plasma saturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and (2) the interactions between cardiorespiratory fitness, dietary fat intake and plasma fatty acid composition.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were randomly selected, 127 middle-aged Finnish men participating in the DNASCO exercise intervention study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiorespiratory fitness was determined spiroergometrically, dietary intake of macro- and micronutrients by 4-day food records and plasma fatty acids by gas chromatography. The subjects were divided into tertiles of aerobic fitness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences between fitness tertiles were not observed for dietary intake of total fat, and saturated, monounsaturated or polyunsaturated fatty acids (percent of total energy). In contrast, plasma saturated fatty acids were significantly lower (P <0.01) and polyunsaturated fatty acids significantly higher (P <0.05) in the highest fitness tertile compared to the lowest tertile. Dietary saturated fat intake was positively associated with plasma saturated fatty acids (r=0.342; P <0.05) and inversely with plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids (r=-0.453; P <0.01) only in the lowest fitness tertile. In addition, a positive correlation between body mass index and plasma saturated fatty acids (r=0.516; P <0.01) as well as a negative correlation between body mass index and plasma polyunsaturated fatty acids (r=-0.516; P <0.01) was observed in the lowest tertile solely.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different levels in cardiorespiratory fitness are associated with different levels in plasma saturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids and lead to modifications in the association between dietary and plasma fatty acids. These findings can perhaps be explained by a reduced hepatic fatty acid and lipoprotein synthesis as well as by an enhanced muscular lipid utilization, which are commonly seen in those who are physically active and who exhibit a higher level of fitness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prevention, Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine, Center for Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Hugstetter Strasse 55, D-79106 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany. Dani@msml.ukl.uni-freiburg.de
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Väisänen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bouchard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Halle
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lakka
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Baumstark
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rauramaa
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015930:Diet Records; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D013147:Spirometry
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated