title: An analysis of factors influencing short-term and sustained response to infliximab treatment for Crohn's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  59-81% of patients given infliximab for Crohn's disease will respond. Although now in widespread use, little consensus exists regarding the optimal place in patient care. Recently developed guidelines have identified need for markers that predict response.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to identify markers of response to infliximab given for Crohn's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Markers of response (defined at 4 weeks) were prospectively assessed in 74 infliximab-treated patients with Crohn's disease. Patients were followed-up to 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-four of 74 (73%) patients responded. Univariate analysis identified that smokers were less likely to respond than non-smokers [P = 0.005, odds ratio (OR) 0.22]. Patients established on immunosuppression (P = 0.034, OR 7.31) and with isolated colonic disease (P = 0.042, OR 3.83) were more likely to respond. Multiple logistic regression confirmed smoking (P = 0.035, OR 0.24) and colonic disease (P = 0.035, OR 4.87) as independent markers of response. One-year relapse rates differed significantly between smokers and non-smokers (100% vs. 39.6%, P = 0.0026, relative risk 3.2) and between patients established on immunomodulators or not (58.0% vs. 92.8%, P = 0.0054, relative risk 2.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smoking has a strong adverse effect on the response rates and maintenance of response to infliximab. Patients on immunomodulators have a more favourable short- and long-term response. These results have important implications for clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Unit, University Department of Medical Sciences, Western General Hospital, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: I D R
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Arnott
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McNeill
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Satsangi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007412:Intestinal Fistula / Q000209:etiology; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D000069285:Infliximab