title: The effect of antibiotics on elevated serum prostate specific antigen in patients with urinary symptoms and negative digital rectal examination: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  65-70% of patients with abnormal prostate specific antigen (PSA) do not have cancer on prostate needle biopsy. Prostate biopsy is a potentially morbid procedure. Prostatitis is commonly reported on needle biopsies. To cut down on the number of unnecessary prostate biopsies we evaluated the effect of antibiotic on PSA level in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), normal digital rectal examination (DRE), normal urinalysis and elevated PSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  48 selected patients with LUTS, normal DRE, normal urinalysis and elevated PSA (range 5.0-28.5 ng/ml), that usually will undergo prostate biopsy, received 2 weeks of Ciprofloxacin. An alpha-blocker was added if the patient was bothered. PSA was repeated and prostate biopsy was performed if PSA did not drop.
  
  
  RESULTS
  25/48 patients (52%) dropped their PSA (median of 42% drop), with 80% improvement in LUTS, were not biopsied. 23/48 patients (48%) did not drop their PSA, with 65% improvement in LUTS, were biopsied. 9/23 patients (39%) had prostate cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Almost 50% of patients with LUTS, normal DRE and elevated PSA will drop their PSA following 2 weeks of Ciprofloxacin thus by avoiding prostate biopsy. This needs to be done in a very strict manner with careful follow-up of those patients dropping their PSA especially not to normal levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Division of Urology, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon. surgery@aub.edu.lb
authors.forename: Muhammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bulbul
authors.forename: Wassim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wazzan
authors.forename: Adonis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hijaz
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shaar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013997:Time Factors; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen