[Hallucinogens, amphetamines and entactogens].
MDMA ("Ecstasy") and its analogues such as MDE and MDA are amphetamine derivatives reported to produce an altered state with emotional overtones. Since more than ten years, ecstasy is after cannabis the most frequently used recreational drug by young adults, particularly in the so-called techno-scene. However, according to a recent survey there is an increasing trend for a revival of classic amphetamine and hallucinogen abuse, possibly due to the concern about the potential neurotoxicity and somatic risks associated with ecstasy use. Of the hallucinogens consumed, psilocybin containing mushroom ("magic mushrooms"), but also LSD are at the forefront. The present contribution summarizes the psychological and somatic effects of hallucinogens, amphetamines, and entactogens.
Vollenweider
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FX
Psychiatrische Universitätsklinik Zürich, Klinische Forschung, Lenggstrasse 31, CH-8029 Zürich. vollen@bli.unizh.ch
Vollenweider-Scherpenhuyzen
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MF
D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D000662:Amphetamines / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006213:Hallucinogens / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013557:Switzerland
D000662:Amphetamines; D006213:Hallucinogens