title: Induced expression of manganese superoxide dismutase by non-toxic concentrations of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) protects against oxLDL-mediated cytotoxicity.
abstract: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) affects macrophages and plays a critical role in the development of atherosclerosis. In the present paper, we demonstrate that high concentrations of oxLDL provoked apoptosis of human Mono-Mac-6 cells, which was blocked by diphenylene-iodonium (DPI), an inhibitor of flavin-containing enzymes, such as NADPH oxidase, suggesting the involvement of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Importantly, pre-treatment of cells with low concentrations of oxLDL prevented apoptosis in response to high concentrations of oxLDL by up-regulating manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD). DPI prevented expression of MnSOD by oxLDL, whereas inhibitors of cytochrome P450 (methoxalen) or xanthine oxidase (allopurinol) did not, thus pointing to a role of NADPH-oxidase-derived ROS in oxLDL-induced MnSOD expression. Transfection of cells with MnSOD antisense, but not scrambled antisense, oligonucleotides significantly attenuated oxLDL-mediated MnSOD expression and hindered cytoprotective effects of non-toxic oxLDL concentrations. Our findings suggest that up-regulation of MnSOD by low concentrations of oxLDL is critical for protection towards oxLDL-mediated cytotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schroedinger-Strasse, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: Vladimir A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Shatrov
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brüne
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008345:Manganese / Q000737:chemistry*; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D008345:Manganese; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase