title: Cloning, sequencing and expression analysis of the mouse NOD2/CARD15 gene.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mutations in the human NOD2/CARD15 gene have been associated with Crohn's disease and Blau syndrome. The objective of the present study was to clone the murine form of NOD2 and characterize its tissue distribution, function and response to inflammatory stimuli.
  
  
  METHODS
  Murine NOD2 was isolated using anchored polymerize chain reaction (PCR). Sequence analysis confirmed the identification of full-length cDNA representing the murine NOD2 gene. Using this sequence to search a Mus musculus supercontig database, NOD2 genomic DNA was identified. NOD2 was transfected into human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation was measured using a reporter assay. Tissue distribution and changes in transcription in mouse monocytes in response to inflammatory stimuli was determined by real time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The NOD2 gene spans 39 KB and contains 12 coding exons on chromosome 8. Expression of mouse NOD2 into HEK cells resulted in NF-kappaB activation. NOD2 was found to be expressed in all mouse tissues analyzed except skin, with highest levels in lung, thymus and spleen. NOD2 mRNA levels increased greater than two-fold in a monocyte cell line in response to lipopolysaccharide, lipoteichoic acid, interferon-g and tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Common structural and functional features between human and mouse NOD2 were identified. This should allow for development of relevant animal models to evaluate the role of NOD2 in chronic inflammatory disorders.
authors.affiliation: Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon 97201, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwanaga
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Davey
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Planck
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: DePriest
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Baugh
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Suing
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Rosenbaum
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000235:genetics; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D006099:Granuloma / Q000235:genetics; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014605:Uveitis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C429018:NOD2 protein, human; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger