title: Monitoring of creatinine kinase during weaning of intrathecal baclofen and with symptoms of early withdrawal.
abstract: Abrupt withdrawal from intrathecal baclofen (ITB) can result in severe rebound spasticity, confusion, and seizures. It has been recently recognized that abrupt withdrawal from ITB may, in rare cases, result in life-threatening rhabdomyolysis, hyperthermia, autonomic disturbances, and sepsis-like presentations. Early recognition of the most severe forms of the withdrawal syndrome is essential for effective intervention. The common and unique features in such individuals seem to be severe increased spasticity and marked elevation in creatinine kinase levels. This case of an individual with T4 paraplegia with recurrent episodes of ITB withdrawal associated with severe spasticity and elevated creatinine kinase levels who required rapid weaning of high-dose ITB to allow removal of an infected pump and catheter illustrates the value of monitoring creatinine kinase levels in evaluation of suspected ITB withdrawal and during rapid weaning of ITB when necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation and SCI Rehabilitation, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Sam C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Colachis
authors.forename: Gary L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Rea
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001418:Baclofen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood*; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D006801:Humans; D015918:Infusion Pumps, Implantable / Q000382:microbiology; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008297:Male; D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D010264:Paraplegia / Q000150:complications; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D009125:Muscle Relaxants, Central; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D001418:Baclofen