title: In vitro activity of gemifloxacin against clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae with and without mutations in the gyrA gene.
abstract: The MIC of gemifloxacin and five other quinolones was tested against 31 clinical isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae; strains were analyzed for the presence of mutations in both the gyrA and parC genes. Only seven strains were resistant to nalidixic acid due to a mutation in the gyrA gene but not in the parC gene, with six and two considered intermediate to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin, respectively. The activity of gemifloxacin was similar to that of trovafloxacin and moxifloxacin, but was more active than nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin or levofloxacin against the gyrA mutant strains. Gemifloxacin is a valid therapeutic alternative to treat infections with N. gonorrhoeae, retaining its activity against strains already presenting a mutation in gyrA.
authors.affiliation: Servei de Microbiologia, Institut Clinic d'Infeccions i Immunologia, IDIBAPS, Hospital Clínic, Villarroel 170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Joaquim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marco
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sierra
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aguilar
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garcia-Mendez
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mensa
authors.forename: M Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Jiménez De Anta
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vila
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001372:Aza Compounds; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics*; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV / Q000235:genetics; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D000077735:Gemifloxacin; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D009154:Mutation; D009268:Nalidixic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011804:Quinolines
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009287:Naphthyridines; D011804:Quinolines; D009268:Nalidixic Acid; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D064704:Levofloxacin; C080163:trovafloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV; D027081:DNA Gyrase; D000077735:Gemifloxacin; D000077266:Moxifloxacin