[Auguste Lumière, pioneer of the modern cicatrization].
At the "Grand Café" in Paris, on december 28, 1895 Louis and Auguste Lumiere displayed the cinematograph, a technical innovation that revolutionized the nascent motion picture. It was the first public projection of a film. While Louis continues his work on pictures and invents autochrome plates for colour photography, Auguste focused his interests on biology and medicine. Since Ambroise Paré, few doctors have been interested in the healing process. Although Carrel and Lecomte Du Nouy published the first studies in the early twentieth century, Auguste Lumière was a pioneer in the modern research and treatment of wounds. He applied the principles of experimental medicine. In his research he used 44 dogs to study the healing speed and the scar quality in certain areas and under general conditions. In the winter of 1914-1915 he studied in Lyon several hundred wounds of war casualties. In 1922 he established and published in a marvellous book the principles of normal healing. In the department of Pr Leon Bérard he was shocked by the fetidness of the wards where the dried bandages were changed once a week. In 1915 he perfected a revolutionary sterilized "treatment-bandage" consisting of 2 mm stitched gauze saturated with Vaseline and Perou's balsam: the "Tulle Gras. In order to disinfect wounds, he used an iodized solution, sprayed in little droplets. The lives of Auguste and Louis Lumière were full of projects and inventions. When Auguste died in 1954 he had registered more than one hundred patents.
Salazard
B
B
Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique du Pr Magalon, hôpital de la Conception, 147, boulevard Baille, 13385 cedex 05, Marseille, France. bruno.salazard@wanadoo.fr <bruno.salazard@wanadoo.fr>
Casanova
D
D
Zuleta
J
J
Desouches
C
C
Magalon
G
G
D002921:Cicatrix / Q000266:history* / Q000628:therapy; D005197:Famous Persons; D005602:France; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D009040:Motion Pictures / Q000266:history; D013518:Surgery, Plastic / Q000266:history*; D014945:Wound Healing