title: Comparison of different decellularization procedures of porcine heart valves.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tissue engineering of heart valves should avoid the disadvantages of conventional prostheses. In this study we tested different decellularization procedures for their potential of cell removal and their ability to preserve the matrix.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens of porcine aortic and pulmonary roots were treated with either trypsin or sodium-dodecyl-sulfate (SDS) or Triton-X 100 and sodium-deoxycholate with a range of concentrations. Tissue samples were then processed for scanning electron microscopy and laser scanning microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Trypsin achieved only incomplete decellularization and caused severe structural alterations of the matrix. In contrast SDS removed cells completely but caused strong structural alterations. Treatment with Triton-X100 and sodium-deoxycholate achieved both complete decellularization and preservation of the matrix structure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Techniques of decellularization are highly variable in efficiency and matrix preservation and was best achieved in our study with Triton-X100 and sodium deoxycholate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cardiosurgical Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Kasimir
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rieder
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Seebacher
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Silberhumer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wolner
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Weigel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Simon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011664:Pulmonary Valve / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014357:Trypsin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D014357:Trypsin