title: Increased frequency of X-bearing sperm in males from an infertility clinic: analysis by two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization.
abstract: Semen samples from 34 men visiting the Lübeck infertility clinic were investigated using a two-color FISH method to determine the ratio of X- and Y-bearing sperm. The overall ratio was significantly shifted to a preponderance of X-containing sperm. A statistical comparison with seven reports from the literature which included 53 normal probands demonstrated in our patients a significant tendency of a preponderance of X-bearing sperm and significantly less Y-bearing sperm. Furthermore, the Lübeck sperm samples are remarkably more heterogeneous in respect to their variability of X- and Y-bearing spermatozoa than in the other mentioned studies with normal probands. These phenomena have to be evaluated in further studies on groups of infertile males showing similar infertility histories.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany. johannisson@patho.mu-luebeck.de
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Johannisson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leuschner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hüppe
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hinrichs
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Al-Hasani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Diedrich
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schwinger
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mennicke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007248:Infertility, Male; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012661:Semen / Q000166:cytology; D019849:Sex Determination Processes; D013094:Spermatozoa