title: Gene content and organization of an 85-kb DNA segment from the genome of the phytopathogenic mollicute Spiroplasma kunkelii.
abstract: Spiroplasma kunkelii, the causative agent of corn stunt disease in maize (Zea maysL.), is a helical, cell wall-less prokaryote assigned to the class Mollicutes. As part of a project to sequence the entire S. kunkelii genome, we analyzed an 85-kb DNA segment from the pathogenic strain CR2-3x. This genome segment contains 101 ORFs and two tRNA genes. The majority of the ORFs code for predicted proteins that can be assigned to respective clusters of orthologous groups (COGs). These COGs cover diverse functional categories including genetic information storage and processing, cellular processes, and metabolism. The most notable gene cluster in this genome segment is a super-operon capable of encoding 24 ribosomal proteins. The organization of genes in this operon reflects the unique evolutionary position of the spiroplasma. Gene duplications, domain rearrangements, and frameshift mutations in the segment are interpreted as indicators of phase variation in the spiroplasma. To our knowledge, this is the first analysis of a large genome segment from a plant pathogenic spiroplasma.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Ave., Room 118, Bldg 004, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jomantiene
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Dally
authors.forename: I-M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kenton
authors.forename: F Z
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Najar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Roe
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D003062:Codon; D004261:DNA Replication; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D020440:Gene Duplication; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D020161:Physical Chromosome Mapping; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013149:Spiroplasma / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D009711:Nucleotides; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins