title: Nuclear localization and function of polypeptide ligands and their receptors: a new paradigm for hormone specificity within the mammary gland?
abstract: The specific effects triggered by polypeptide hormone/growth factor stimulation of mammary cells were considered mediated solely by receptor-associated signaling networks. A compelling body of new data, however, clearly indicates that polypeptide ligands and/or their receptors are transported into the nucleus, where they function directly to regulate the expression of specific transcription factors and gene loci. The intranuclear function of these complexes may contribute to the explicit functions associated with a given ligand, and may serve as new targets for pharmacologic intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. clevengc@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Charles V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Clevenger
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D036361:Peptide Hormones; D018000:Receptors, Peptide