title: Motor vehicle driver injury and socioeconomic status: a cohort study with prospective and retrospective driver injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between motor vehicle driver injury and socioeconomic status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study with prospective and retrospective outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  New Zealand.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 525 adults (volunteer sample of a multi-industry workforce, n=8008; and a random sample of urban electoral rolls, n=2517).
  
  
  METHODS
  Motor vehicle driver injury resulting in admission of the driver to hospital or the driver's death, or both, during the period 1988-98; hospitalisation and mortality data were obtained by record linkage to national health databases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjustment for age and sex, driver injury risk was inversely associated with both occupational status (p for linear trend <0.0001) and educational level (p for linear trend =0.007). Participants in the lowest approximate quartile of occupational status were four times as likely (HR 4.17, 95% CI 2.31 to 7.55) to have experienced a driver injury during follow up as participants in the highest approximate quartile. Participants who had been to secondary school for less than two years were twice as likely (HR 2.26, 95% CI 1.34 to 3.81) to have experienced a driver injury as those who had been to university or polytechnic. There was little evidence that driver injury risk was associated with neighbourhood income (p for linear trend =0.12) CONCLUSIONS: Occupational status and educational level seem to be important determinants of driver injury risk. Driver injury countermeasures should be targeted to people in low status occupations, as well as to people with comparatively little formal education.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Trials Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, New Zealand. gary.whitlock@ctsu.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Whitlock
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pledger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: MacMahon
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D012923:Social Class; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology*