title: [Clinical trial to verify the value of the CD14(+) monocyte human leukocyte antigen DR as a marker in evaluating immunosuppression in patients with severe sepsis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify that CD14(+) monocyte human leukocyte antigen DR (HLA-DR) may serve as a reliable index for immunosupression, and for prediction of prognosis as well as to evaluate the efficacy of Thymopentin (TP-5) to enhance immunologic function in patients with severe sepsis, and to evaluate the validity of compensatory anti-inflammatory response syndrome (CARS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients in a SICU with symptoms and signs of severe sepsis conforming to the criteria set forth by ACCP/SCCM were enrolled in this clinical trial. CD14(+) monocyte HLA-DR was determined by flow cytometry. To those with HLA-DR<30%, TP-5, 1 mg, q.d. was administered till HLA-DR raised or death occurred. Before the treatment was begun and ended, CD14(+) monocyte HLA-DR(+) and cytokines[tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, IL-13] were respectively measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally, 20 patients were enrolled in this study. Among them 15 survived and 5 died. After treatment with TP-5, CD14(+) monocyte HLA-DR was elevated in almost all the patients, including the nonsurvivors. However, only a statistically significant difference between the initial values and the final values was noted in the survivors. The levels of TNF-alpha and IL-6 dropped significantly concomitantly with the elevation of the CD14(+) monocyte HLA-DR in survivors. On the contrary, in the patients who died there was a tendency of an elevation of levels of these cytokines. No significant difference was found between the initial and final levels of both IL-10 and IL-13 with the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1. It was reconfirmed that the CD14(+) monocyte HLA-DR could be a reliable and valuable index to judge immunosupression in septic patients and determine the effectiveness of immunostimulative therapy. 2. It was reconfirmed that the level of CD14(+) monocyte HLA-DR can serve as an index to predict the outcome of septic patients. 3. TP-5, as a new immunostimulative agent used in sepsis, might be effective to revert immunosupression. However, a further clinical trial with a larger number of patients and a better control should be done to finally verify it. 4. It is found that immunosupression do not seem to be related with the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting that the hypothesis of CARS should be further appraised.
authors.affiliation: Trauma Center, 304th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100037, China.
authors.forename: Hong-yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Xu-sheng
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yong-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Wei-xin
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Zhi-hua
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Wen-tao
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Zhi-yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Sheng
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000276:immunology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D016305:Thymopentin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D015415:Biomarkers; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D018793:Interleukin-13; D015850:Interleukin-6; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016305:Thymopentin