title: Characterization of MTHFR, GSTM1, GSTT1, GSTP1, and CYP1A1 genotypes in childhood acute leukemia.
abstract: The role of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR C677T), glutathione S-transferases (GSTM1 and GSTT1 null, GSTP1 Ile105Val), and cytochromes p450 (CYP1A1*2A) genotypes in the etiology of childhood leukemia was simultaneously investigated. 144 Turkish children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and 33 with acute nonlymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL) were studied and compared with 185 healthy pediatric controls. The frequency of MTHFR genotype was insignificantly higher in ALL (7.7%) and ANLL (6.3%) than in controls (4.4%). Equal distribution of the GSTM1 null genotype was detected between ALL patients and controls (55%), while its incidence was slightly higher in ANLL patients (61.3%). Although GSTT1 null genotype was insignificantly lower in ALL patients (20.9%) than controls (22.7%), it was significantly underrepresented in ANLL patients (6.5%) (P = 0.05, OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.05-1.03). The homozygous frequency of GSTP1 genotype did not differ significantly between groups of ALL (3.7%), ANLL patients (9.1%) and controls (4.9%). Homozygous CYP1A1*2A genotype was underrepresented in ALL patients (1%) as compared to control (4.8%) but the differences did not reach to statistical significance (OR 0.21; 95% CI 0.03-1.72). Homozygosity for this genotype was not detected in ANLL patients. No particular association was noted between different combinations of combined genotypes and risk of development of childhood ALL and ANLL. These results suggested that there are no significant associations between the studied genotypes and the risk of developing either form of acute leukemia except GSTT1 null and homozygosity for CYP1A1 genotypes that may play protective roles in the development of ANLL in Turkish children.
authors.affiliation: Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Child Health and Section of Pediatric Hematology, Ankara, Turkey. gbalta@hacettepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: Gunay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Balta
authors.forename: Nazmiye
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yuksek
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozyurek
authors.forename: Ulya
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ertem
authors.forename: Gonul
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hicsonmez
authors.forename: Cigdem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Altay
authors.forename: Aytemiz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gurgey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D007527:Isoenzymes; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D000587:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human