title: Comparative studies on in vitro sperm decondensation and pronucleus formation in egg extracts between gynogenetic and bisexual fish.
abstract: A cell-free system based upon the egg extracts from gynogenetic gibel carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) or bisexual red common carp (Cyprinus carpio red variety) was developed to investigate developmental behaviors of the demembranated sperm nuclei. Both red common carp and gibel carp sperm nuclei could decondense fully and form pronuclei in the red common carp egg extracts. Gibel carp sperm nuclei could also decondense fully and form pronuclei in the gibel carp egg extracts, but red common carp sperm nuclei could not decondense sufficiently in the same extracts. The significant differences of morphological changes were further confirmed by ultrastructural observation of transmission electron microscopy. The data further offer cytological evidence for gonochoristic reproduction in the gynogenetically reproducing gibel carp. In addition, the sperm nuclei in vitro decondensation is dependent on the pH in the extracts, and the decondensed efficiency is optimal at pH 7. However, no DNA replication was observed in the two kinds of egg extracts during the incubation period of the sperm nuclei. It is suggested that the egg extracts prepared from the gynogenetic gibel carp should be a valid in vitro system for studying molecular mechanism on gynogenesis and reproduction mode diversity in fish.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Wuhan Center for Developmental Biology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
authors.forename: Chang Jian
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian Fang
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Gui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010063:Ovum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D004247:DNA