title: Effects of oral administration of manganese on the kidneys and urinary bladder of Sprague-Dawley rats.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of oral administration of manganese acetate on the kidneys and urinary bladder of Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Male and female SD rats (150 to 175 g), 6 weeks old, were administered varying doses of manganese acetate for 63 days by oral gavage. At the end of 63 days, 50% of the animals were sacrificed and kidney tissue was isolated and fixed for histopathological studies (study A). The remaining 50% were cross-mated and dosing ceased. Animals were sacrificed after 2 weeks (study B). Male treated animals were noted to have viscous, gritty urine in the urinary bladder, and the high-dose groups had urinary bladder stones (uroliths). Histopathologically, the most striking lesions were observed in the kidneys and prostate glands of male animals. Mild-to-moderate tubulointerstitial nephritis with tubular proteineous and glomerulosclerosis was observed in animals of all treatment groups. Urolithiasis in the urinary bladder was confirmed in 33% to 66% of treated animals. Female animals did not show a significant difference above controls in renal tissues. Results of this study suggest that male rats are more sensitive to the effects of high levels of manganese given orally than female rats and that the genitourinary structures represent target organs of toxicity.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Xavier University of Louisiana, New Orleans, Louisiana 70125, USA. tponnapa@xula.edu
authors.forename: Tulasi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ponnapakkam
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iszard
authors.forename: Gerelyn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Henry-Sam
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008345:Manganese / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009395:Nephritis, Interstitial / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D011467:Prostate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D001744:Urinary Bladder Calculi / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D008345:Manganese