title: Reliability and validity of the Canadian Neurological Scale in retrospective assessment of initial stroke severity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stroke severity is an important determinant of outcome, however, quantitative data on the initial neurological status might be lacking in retrospective studies. We wanted to assess the reliability and validity of the retrospective use of the Canadian Neurological Scale (CNS).
  
  
  METHODS
  In 181 patients with validated stroke, two raters scored the CNS based on medical record review. We assessed interrater reliability and construct validity of the CNS. Predictive validity was assessed by the ability of the CNS to predict 30-day and 1-year mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Interrater reliability was high (kappa or weighted kappa 0.76-0.96). Correlations between similar items of prospective Scandinavian Stroke Scale scores and retrospective CNS scores ranged from 0.54 to 0.85. CNS total score was a strong predictor of death within 30 days and 1 year in multivariate models.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The retrospective algorithm for the CNS had a high to substantial interrater reliability and predictive validity. Accordingly, in retrospective stroke studies using medical record information, the CNS can be a feasible instrument to adjust for differences in stroke severity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Akershus University Hospital, Nordbyhagen, Norway. knut.stavem@klinmed.uio.no
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stavem
authors.forename: Morten
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lossius
authors.forename: Ole Morten
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Rønning
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002170:Canada; D003943:Diagnostic Techniques, Neurological; D005260:Female; D006748:Hospital Departments; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009462:Neurology; D015588:Observer Variation; D010343:Patient Admission; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy