title: [Nanobacteria in serum, bile and gallbladder mucosa of cholecystolithiasis patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find the distribution of nanobacteria in the serum, bile and gallbladder mucosa of cholecystolithiasis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The infection rate of nanobacteria was identified by ELISA in the serum samples from 338 healthy people and 76 patients with cholecystolithiasis (chi(2) = 0.89, P > 0.05). Nanobacteria were cultured from the bile samples in 57 patients with cholecystolithiasis and 18 non-cholelithiasis patients and identified by immunohistochemical staining and TEM (chi(2) = 29.80, P < 0.05). Forty samples of gallbladder mucosa randomly selected from the 57 cholecystolithiasis patients were identified by immunohistochemical staining and compared with the corresponding bile samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The infection rate of nanobacteria was 8.0% and 31.6% for the serum samples of the healthy people and cholecystolithiasis patients, respectively. The positive rate of nanobacteria in the bile samples was 61.3% and there was no significant difference in the bile of the cholecystolithiasis patients and the control group (61.4% vs. 61.1%). Fourteen positive patients had infection of nanobacteria in the gallbladder mucosa, submucosa, and calcific field.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The infection rate of nanobacteria was 8% in the serum samples from the healthy people. There are nanobacteria in the serum, bile, and gallbladder mucosa. The infection of the nanobacteria may result in calcification and fibrosis of the gallbladder.
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Diseases Laboratory, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central-South University, Changsha 410011, China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Yong-guo
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhu-lin
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xue-jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ai-ling
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Xiong-ying
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Miao
authors.forename: Qun-wei
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Sheng-fu
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: E Olavi
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Kajander
authors.forename: Neva
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ciftcioglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001646:Bile / Q000382:microbiology*; D041761:Cholecystolithiasis / Q000097:blood* / Q000382:microbiology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008875:Middle Aged; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000382:microbiology; D055815:Young Adult