title: Soy and isoflavone consumption in relation to prostate cancer risk in China.
abstract: This case-control study in China evaluated the effect of soy food consumption and isoflavones (genistein and daidzein) on the risk of prostate cancer. One hundred and thirty-three cases and 265 age- and residential community-matched controls between the ages of 50 and 89 years were interviewed in person between 1989 and 1992. Usual consumption of soy foods and isoflavones was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire developed in China and a nutrient database developed and validated in Asian-American populations. The age- and total calorie-adjusted odds ratio (OR) of prostate cancer risk comparing the highest tertile of tofu intake to the lowest tertile was 0.58 [95% confidence interval (CI), 0.35-0.96]. There were also statistically significant associations comparing the highest quartile of intake of soy foods (OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.28-0.95) and genistein (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.29-0.97) with the lowest quartiles. There was also an indication of a reduced risk associated with intake of daidzein (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.31-1.04 for the highest versus lowest quartile). Our results indicate a reduced risk of prostate cancer associated with consumption of soy foods and isoflavones. These findings should be confirmed in longitudinal follow-up studies in populations with varying risk of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California at San Francisco, 94143-0560, USA. mmlee@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Marion M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Scarlett Lin
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Mercy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wey
authors.forename: Run-Tian
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ann W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hsing
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004032:Diet; D019833:Genistein / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D045730:Soy Foods; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D007529:Isoflavones; C004742:daidzein; D019833:Genistein