title: Detection of paralytic shellfish poison by rapid cell bioassay: antagonism of voltage-gated sodium channel active toxins in vitro.
abstract: Although cytotoxicity assays provide several advantages over mouse bioassays, sodium channel-blocking marine toxins, such as those associated with paralytic shellfish poison (PSP), require prolonged incubation periods of 24-48 h. This is in marked contrast to in vitro detection of sodium channel-enhancing marine toxins such as ciguatoxins or brevetoxins which can be accomplished in as few as 4-6 h. We developed a modified PSP cell bioassay that is as rapid as in vitro methods for sodium channel-enhancing toxins. The cell bioassay is based on a saxitoxin-dependent antagonism of the rapid in vitro effects of brevetoxin or ciguatoxin. Comparative analysis of naturally incurred PSP residues by both antagonism cell bioassay and the mouse bioassay demonstrated significant correlation. The simplicity, sensitivity, and enhanced kinetics of the new antagonism cell bioassay format provide the basis for development of a practical alternative to conventional mouse testing for PSP.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Seafood Products Research Center, 22201 23rd Dr, SE, Bothell, WA 98041-3012, USA. rmanger@fhcrc.org
authors.forename: Ronald L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Manger
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Leja
authors.forename: Sue Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hungerford
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasumoto
authors.forename: Marleen M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Wekell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D012530:Saxitoxin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D012530:Saxitoxin