title: Transcriptional regulation by activation and repression elements located at the 5'-noncoding region of the human alpha9 nicotinic receptor subunit gene.
abstract: The alpha9 subunit is a component of the neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptor gene superfamily that is expressed in very restricted locations. The promoter of the human gene has been analyzed in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y, where alpha9 subunit expression was detected, and in C2C12 cells that do not express alpha9. A proximal promoter region (from -322 to +113) showed maximal transcriptional activity in SH-SY5Y cells, whereas its activity in C1C12 cells was much lower. Two elements unusually located at the 5'-noncoding region exhibited opposite roles. A negative element located between +15 and +48 appears to be cell-specific because it was effective in C2C12 but not in SH-SY5Y cells, where it was counterbalanced by the presence of the promoter region 5' to the initiation site. An activating element located between +66 and +79 and formed by two adjacent Sox boxes increased the activity of the alpha9 promoter about 4-fold and was even able to activate other promoters. This element interacts with Sox proteins, probably through a cooperative mechanism in which the two Sox boxes are necessary. We propose that the Sox complex provides an initial scaffold that facilitates the recruiting of the transcriptional machinery responsible for alpha9 subunit expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad Miguel Hernández-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Valor
authors.forename: Mar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castillo
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Criado
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000235:genetics*; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; C498540:CHRNA9 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; C527923:SOX10 protein, human; D055757:SOXE Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors