TRAIL, a mighty apoptosis inducer.
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a membrane-bound cytokine molecule that belongs to the family of tumor necrosis factor (TNF). TRAIL has been shown to be a potent apoptosis inducer in a wide variety of cancer cells in vitro and to limit tumor growth efficiently in vivo without damaging normal tissues. These features have focused considerable attention on TRAIL as a potential therapeutic agent to treat human cancers. Recent data also suggest the implication of TRAIL in a natural defense mechanism since its abrogation results in certain autoimmune disorders. This review will summarize recent progress in TRAIL research, including understanding of apoptotic signaling, regulation of TRAIL action, and possible therapeutic applications.
Kim
Youngleem
Y
Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.
Seol
Dai-Wu
DW
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D004357:Drug Synergism; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000502:physiology; D053320:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 10c; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; C506386:CFLAR protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C506387:Cflar protein, mouse; C097041:DAP3 protein, human; C490762:Dap3 protein, mouse; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053320:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 10c; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C105190:TNFRSF10A protein, human; C505639:TNFRSF10B protein, human; C108661:TNFRSF10C protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; C505640:Tnfrsf10b protein, mouse; C505654:Tnfsf10 protein, mouse; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020169:Caspases