title: Pediatric Visine (tetrahydrozoline) ingestion: case report and review of imidazoline toxicity.
abstract: Visine, an over-the-counter, tetrahydrozoline topical ophthalmic decongestant, possesses central and peripheral alpha2-adrenergic properties. We present a case of accidental pediatric oral exposure with resultant neurological and cardiovascular complications. Visine is not marketed in childproof containers, despite the potential severity of an accidental ingestion. Over-the-counter medications with potent pharmacological properties should be stored in areas out of the reach of children, and manufacturers should package these products in childproof containers.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Medicine Residency Program of the University of Pittsburgh, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daggy
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roberge
authors.forename: Jawaid
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Akhtar
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D004638:Emergency Treatment; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000633:toxicity*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D012965:Sodium Chloride; C005810:tetrahydrozoline