title: Multigated contrast-enhanced power Doppler to measure blood flow in mice tumors.
abstract: This study evaluated an image-gating method using contrast-enhanced power Doppler ultrasound (US) to estimate blood perfusion in mice tumors. A mathematical model that compensates for the effect of bubble destruction by US pulses was used to determine contrast flow through an image plane. Multigated power Doppler images were obtained following contrast injection. Contrast flow index (CFI) was determined by measuring the area under the color level vs. time curve for each gating frequency. CFI was compared with true flow. The method was first evaluated using a flow phantom with variable flow rates, and then verified in a mouse model with implanted tumors. Color levels in Doppler images were modulated with gating frequency due to variable destruction of microbubbles by US pulses. CFI measured from the images correlated strongly with true flow in the flow phantom (r(2) = 0.87). The proposed method yielded reproducible CFI for mice tumors, suggesting that multigated contrast-enhanced power Doppler imaging may provide noninvasive measurement of tumor perfusion in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamotani
authors.forename: William M F
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Peter H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Arger
authors.forename: Theodore W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Cary
authors.forename: Chandra M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sehgal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D007089:Image Enhancement; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*