title: Alcohol's effects on female reproductive function.
abstract: Mild-to-moderate alcohol use has numerous negative consequences for female reproductive function. Animal studies have shown that alcohol consumption disrupts female puberty, and drinking during this period also may affect growth and bone health. Beyond puberty, alcohol has been found to disrupt normal menstrual cycling in female humans and animals and to affect hormonal levels in postmenopausal women. Research has explored the mechanisms of these effects and the implications of these effects for bone health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology, and Anatomy, Loyola University Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Emanuele
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wezeman
authors.forename: Nicholas V
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Emanuele
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects*; D006066:Gonads / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011627:Puberty / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol