title: DNA-adduct formation in lungs, nasal mucosa, and livers of rats exposed to urban roadside air in Kawasaki City, Japan.
abstract: The potency of ambient air for DNA-adduct formation was estimated using Wistar rats. The animals were maintained in a small-animal facility located beside a main highway intersection in Kawasaki City, Japan, for up to 60 weeks and were exposed to roadside air contaminated mainly with automobile emission (exposure group, EG) or to clean air (control group, CG). Compared to CG, the relative adduct levels (RAL) were increased significantly in EG lungs (17.1-fold (P<0.05)), nasal mucosa, and livers after exposure for 4 weeks. However, there were no significant differences in RAL between EG and CG after exposure for 12 weeks, but they were elevated again in EG after exposure for 48 or 60 weeks. These results suggest that roadside air in this region can cause the generation of DNA adducts. This activity of ambient roadside air can be estimated using experimental animals, indicating that biological monitoring of DNA-adduct formation may be a powerful tool to assess the effect of ambient air on human health.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Environmental Risk, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kazuo T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hideko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamano
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kagawa
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aoki
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007564:Japan; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014505:Urban Population; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D018736:DNA Adducts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D002244:Carbon; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2