title: Rapid recurrence of endometrioma after transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ultrasound-guided aspiration is a less invasive management option for recurrent endometrioma. We postulated that the endometriotic tissue in the epithelial lining of endometrioma had undergone pressure atrophy after a period of observation, and resolution of the endometrioma can be achieved by aspiration of its content.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study was carried out in which patients with recurrent endometrioma that remain stationary in size for a period of at least 6 months were included. Ultrasound-guided aspiration of endometrioma was performed transvaginally under conscious sedation. Ultrasound scan examination was performed at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months after aspiration to detect recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight endometriomas were aspirated in six patients. The mean diameter and volume of endometrioma at aspiration were 31.0 mm (range, 18.0-46.3 mm) and 21.9 ml (range, 3.16-52.0 ml), respectively. There were no major complications. Cytological examination revealed hemosiderin-laden macrophages; neither malignant cells nor endometrial cells were detected in all cases. Six ovarian cysts recurred in five women (83.3%), all recurrence were detected within 3 months after aspiration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that although transvaginal ultrasound-guided aspiration is a safe procedure, but the recurrence rate after aspiration is unacceptably high, and hence cannot be recommended as a treatment option for recurrent endometrioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Hong Kong, China. lyschan@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: Louis Y
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: Terence T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Lao
mesh_terms: D004715:Endometriosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010048:Ovarian Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D013396:Suction / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography