title: Composite cure and shrinkage associated with high intensity curing light.
abstract: This study investigated the effectiveness of cure and post-gel shrinkage of three visible light-cured composite resins (In Ten-S [IT], Ivoclar Vivadent; Z100 [ZO], 3M-ESPE; Tetric Ceram [TC], Ivoclar Vivadent) when polymerized with a very high intensity (1296 +/- 2 mW/cm2) halogen light (Astralis 10, Ivoclar Vivadent) for 10 seconds. Irradiation with a conventional (494 +/- 3 mW/cm2) halogen light (Spectrum, Dentsply) for 40 seconds was used for comparison. The effectiveness of cure was assessed by computing the hardness gradient between the top and bottom surfaces of 2-mm composite specimens after curing. A strain-monitoring device was used to measure the linear polymerization shrinkage associated with the various composites and curing lights. A sample size of five was used for both experiments. Data was analyzed using ANOVA/Scheffe's post-hoc and Independent Samples t-tests at significance level 0.05. Results showed that the effect of the curing method on the effectiveness of cure and shrinkage was material-dependent. Polymerization of IT and TC with Spectrum for 40 seconds resulted in significantly more effective cure than polymerization with Astralis for 10 seconds. Polymerization of ZO with Spectrum for 40 seconds resulted in significantly more shrinkage than polymerization with Astralis for 10 seconds. In view of the substantial time saving, using high intensity lights may be a viable method to polymerize composites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore. rsdyapuj@nus.edu.sg
authors.forename: Adrian U J
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: N Y
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Siow
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003748:Dental Equipment; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006219:Halogens; D006244:Hardness; D008027:Light; D008422:Materials Testing; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000528:radiation effects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013674:Technology, Dental; D015040:Zirconium / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D006219:Halogens; C477684:In Ten-S composite resin; D011108:Polymers; C121818:Tetric ceram; C083568:Z100 composite resin; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015040:Zirconium