title: [Initiation of systemic administration of antibiotics in treatment of invasive infection of burns].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To optimize the systemic antibiotics in the treatment of the invasive infection of burns based on the successive monitoring of bacterial species harvested from the burn wound and subeschar tissues and their resistance to antibiotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data of bacteriological monitoring of burn wound and subeschar tissues in our burn center from 1995 to 2000 were retrospectively analyzed, and the characteristics of distribution and resistance to antibiotics of 1 109 strains from the wound in 612 patients and subeschar tissues in 146 patients were compared statistically by dividing them into two periods, i.e. from 1995 to 1997 and 1998 to 2000, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of Gram negative bacilli in identified strains was significantly higher than that of Gram positive cocci, and the majority of them were Pseudomonas and Enterobacteriaceae; Staphylococcus aureus comprised the majority of Gram positive cocci from 1998 to 2000, compared with the data collected in the period of from 1995 to 1997. The resistance of the Gram negative bacilli to Cephalosporins and Amikacin was increasing while the resistance of Pseudomonas to Netilmicin was decreasing from 18.52% of the tested strains down to 5.83%, and the resistance of Enterobacteriaceae to it was increasing from 18.75% to 55.79%. In addition, the resistance of Staphylococcus aureus to Netilmicin was down from 28.13% to 4.70%. Enterobacteriaceae were still sensitive to Imipenem, while the resistance of Pseudomonas to it became higher than that in the period from 1995 to 1997.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The percentage of Gram negative bacilli in identified strains is significantly higher than that of Gram positive cocci and the pattern of their resistance to the antibiotics is changed meanwhile. Therefore, the choice of antibiotics for initial treatment of invasive infection in severe burns is a combination of Netilmicin and Imipenem, and, if Gram positive cocci is highly suspected, the first choice is Vancomycin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Burn, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Li-ying
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Pei-yao
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Zhen-jiang
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Wei-shi
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ji-xiang
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D002056:Burns / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents