title: Surplus embryos, nonreproductive cloning, and the intend/foresee distinction.
abstract: There is, as some public figures have asserted, a real moral difference between creating embryos expressly for medical research and conducting research on embryos that are left over from infertility treatments. To create an embryo intending all along to destroy it is worse. But in the end, it isn't so much worse that we should ban all nonreproductive cloning.
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: FitzPatrick
mesh_terms: D026688:Bioethical Issues; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D032821:Commodification; D033041:Embryo Research / Q000941:ethics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000941:ethics*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology; D032984:Ethics, Research; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000941:ethics; D006801:Humans; D035845:Research Embryo Creation / Q000941:ethics*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology