title: Combined use of serum and urinary antibody for diagnosis of tuberculosis.
abstract: Efforts to devise immunoassays for tuberculosis (TB) that can be adapted to rapid formats are ongoing. The present study was aimed at determining whether urinary anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibodies are present in patients with TB, to evaluate the feasibility of developing a urine antibody-based diagnostic test. Urinary antibodies directed against the culture filtrate proteins of M. tuberculosis, MPT 32, and the 81-kDa GlcB protein were detectable in patients with TB, although the sensitivity of antibody detection was lower (53%-64%), compared with serum antibodies (68%-77%). Surprisingly, with all 3 antigens, the use of paired serum and urine samples provided higher sensitivities of antibody detection than either single specimen, and anti-GlcB antibodies were present in the serum and/or urine of 39 (90%) of 43 smear-positive patients with TB. Although, with the current methods and antigens, the level of sensitivity is insufficient to design a urinary antibody diagnostic test, these studies provide the foundation for further studies on the development of a urine antibody-based immunoassay for TB.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Krishna K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Yuxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hinds
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Keen
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Belisle
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zolla-Pazner
authors.forename: Jacqueline M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Achkar
authors.forename: Arthur J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Nadas
authors.forename: Vijay K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Arora
authors.forename: Suman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: C095715:45-47 kDa antigen complex, Mycobacterium; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C411108:Mtb81 protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis