Orthogonal properties of the redox siblings nitroxyl and nitric oxide in the cardiovascular system: a novel redox paradigm.
Endogenous formation of nitric oxide (NO) and related nitrogen oxides in the vascular system is critical to regulation of multiple physiological functions. An imbalance in the production or availability of these species can result in progression of disease. Nitrogen oxide research in the cardiovascular system has primarily focused on the effects of NO and higher oxidation products. However, nitroxyl (HNO), the one-electron-reduction product of NO, has recently been shown to have unique and potentially beneficial pharmacological properties. HNO and NO often induce discrete biological responses, providing an interesting redox system. This article discusses the emerging aspects of HNO chemistry and attempts to provide a framework for the distinct effects of NO and HNO in vivo.
Wink
David A
DA
Tumor Biology Section, Radiation Biology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 10, Rm. B3-B69, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. wink@box-w.nih.gov
Miranda
Katrina M
KM
Katori
Tatsuo
T
Mancardi
Daniele
D
Thomas
Douglas D
DD
Ridnour
Lisa
L
Espey
Michael G
MG
Feelisch
Martin
M
Colton
Carol A
CA
Fukuto
Jon M
JM
Pagliaro
Pasquale
P
Kass
David A
DA
Paolocci
Nazareno
N
D000818:Animals; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C039900:nitroxyl