title: Prenatal diagnosis of femur-fibula-ulna complex by ultrasound examination at 20 weeks of gestation.
abstract: We describe the prenatal sonographic diagnosis of femur-fibula-ulna complex at 20 weeks of gestation. On targeted ultrasound examination, a severe malformation of the lower limbs was observed. Further sonographic exploration demonstrated bilateral asymmetrical femoral hypoplasia, hypoplasia of both tibiae, bilateral aplasia of the fibulae and oligosyndactyly of the right hand with absence of the 4th and 5th rays. The prenatal sonographic features and differential diagnosis are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Prenatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Bonn, University Medical School Bonn, Germany. annegeipel@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geipel
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Germer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krokowski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smrcek
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gembruch
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005360:Fibula / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D017880:Limb Deformities, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D014457:Ulna / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods