title: Transgluteal approach for percutaneous drainage of deep pelvic abscesses: 154 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effectiveness of a computed tomographic (CT) image-guided transgluteal approach for percutaneous drainage of deep pelvic abscesses as an alternative to surgical drainage.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 140 patients who underwent percutaneous CT-guided transgluteal drainage of 154 deep pelvic abscesses were reviewed to determine the origins, location, and size of the abscesses; volume of initial aspirate; organisms identified in fluid culture; duration of catheter drainage; incidence of catheter-related pain and procedure-related complications; and short- and long-term outcomes. The resultant data were analyzed with a Fisher exact test for difference in the incidence of postprocedural catheter-site pain between transpiriformis and infrapiriformis approaches.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The origins of the pelvic abscesses included postoperative fluid collection (n = 115), perforating appendicitis (n = 6), diverticulitis (n = 16), tubo-ovarian inflammation (n = 5), Crohn disease (n = 10), and internal bowel fistula due to irradiation (n = 2). The abscesses were 4-12 cm in diameter. The volume of the aspirate was 5-310 mL. Laboratory cultures of the aspirate grew mixed flora, but the organism most frequently isolated was Escherichia coli. Catheters were removed after a mean of 8 days. In 134 (96%) of 140 patients, there was complete resolution of the abscess following transgluteal drainage, without subsequent surgery. In six of 140 (4%) patients, incomplete resolution necessitated subsequent surgery for postoperative fluid collection (n = 3), diverticulitis (n = 2), or perforating appendicitis (n = 1). Complications of transgluteal drainage were rare and included hemorrhage in three (2%) of the 140 patients. There was no procedure-related mortality. A transpiriformis approach was significantly more likely to be associated with postprocedural pain (P <.001) than was an infrapiriformis approach.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous CT-guided transgluteal drainage is a safe and effective alternative to surgery for deep pelvic abscesses. Major complications are rare.
authors.affiliation: Division of Abdominal Imaging and Intervention, Massachusetts General Hospital, 55 Fruit St, White 270, Boston, MA 02114, USA. mharisinghani@partners.org
authors.forename: Mukesh G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Harisinghani
authors.forename: Debra A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Gervais
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Maher
authors.forename: Che Hee
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Peter F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D000038:Abscess / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery*; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000150:complications; D002081:Buttocks; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000150:complications; D004238:Diverticulitis / Q000150:complications; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010388:Pelvis; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome