Antimicrobial peptides in the first line defence of human colon mucosa.
Antimicrobial peptides and proteins are effector molecules in the protection of epithelial surfaces. We have evaluated the presence of antimicrobial peptides/proteins that can participate in human colonic defence against microbes. A peptide/protein extract of normal human colon mucosa was found to be active against Gram-positive bacteria, Gram-negative bacteria, and fungi. Four polypeptides with antimicrobial activity were isolated from this material and they were identified by N-terminal amino acid sequence analysis as ubiquicidin, histone H2B, eosinophil cationic protein, and phospholipase A(2) (PLA(2)). Using immunodetection and mass spectrometry, LL-37, HNP1-3, and HBD-1 were also identified. Combined, these results indicate that the colon mucosa is protected by a complex mixture of polypeptides, able to kill invading microbes and working in synergy as a barrier against bacterial invasion.
Tollin
Maria
M
Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Bergman
Peter
P
Svenberg
Torgny
T
Jörnvall
Hans
H
Gudmundsson
Gudmundur Hrafn
GH
Agerberth
Birgitta
B
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000276:immunology; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D054804:Cathelicidins; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology*; D023082:Defensins / Q000737:chemistry; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D047091:Eosinophil Granule Proteins; D006657:Histones / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000737:chemistry; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000737:chemistry; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D023084:alpha-Defensins / Q000737:chemistry; D023083:beta-Defensins / Q000737:chemistry
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D001798:Blood Proteins; D054804:Cathelicidins; C406407:DEFB1 protein, human; D023082:Defensins; D047091:Eosinophil Granule Proteins; D006657:Histones; D010455:Peptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D023084:alpha-Defensins; D023083:beta-Defensins; C406413:human neutrophil peptide 1; C040469:ribosomal protein S30; D012260:Ribonucleases; D010741:Phospholipases A