title: Reactivation of the silenced and imprinted alleles of ARHI is associated with increased histone H3 acetylation and decreased histone H3 lysine 9 methylation.
abstract: ARHI has been identified as a maternally imprinted tumor suppressor gene that maps to chromosome 1p31 and whose expression is markedly down-regulated in breast cancer. To explore possible mechanisms that could silence ARHI expression, we have tested the importance of DNA methylation, histone acetylation and histone methylation in regulating ARHI expression. We found that treatment with CpG demethylating agents and/or histone deacetylase inhibitors could reactivate both the silenced and the imprinted alleles of this tumor suppressor gene. Reactivation of ARHI expression by these reagents is related to the methylation status of the CpG islands in the ARHI promoter, especially CpG island II. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed that histone H3 lysine 9/18 acetylation levels associated with ARHI in normal cells were significantly higher than those in breast cancer cell lines that lacked ARHI expression. Treatment with a CpG demethylating agent and/or histone deacetylase inhibitor could increase ARHI expression in breast cancer cells, with a corresponding increase in histone H3 lysine 9/18 acetylation and decrease in histone H3 lysine 9 methylation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Robert Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Jiuhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Mitsutaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kadota
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oshimura
authors.forename: Sharon R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre J
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Issa
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bast
authors.forename: Yinhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000483:Alleles; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002843:Chromatin; D015257:DNA-Cytosine Methylases / Q000378:metabolism; D040461:Gene Components; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000378:metabolism; D008745:Methylation; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; C117386:DIRAS3 protein, human; D006657:Histones; D012313:RNA; C081573:DNA modification methylase SssI; D015257:DNA-Cytosine Methylases; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins; D008239:Lysine