title: Predicting bacterial transcription units using sequence and expression data.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A key aspect of elucidating gene regulation in bacterial genomes is identifying the basic units of transcription. We present a method, based on probabilistic language models, that we apply to predict operons, promoters and terminators in the genome of Escherichia coli K-12. Our approach has two key properties: (i) it provides a coherent set of predictions for related regulatory elements of various types and (ii) it takes advantage of both DNA sequence and gene expression data, including expression measurements from inter-genic probes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our experimental results show that we are able to predict operons and localize promoters and terminators with high accuracy. Moreover, our models that use both sequence and expression data are more accurate than those that use only one of these two data sources.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. joebock@biostat.wisc.edu
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bockhorst
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glasner
authors.forename: Mingzhu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blattner
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Craven
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D003062:Codon; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D009875:Operator Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D012984:Software; D013728:Terminator Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors