title: Dysautonomia in the joint hypermobility syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Extraarticular manifestations of the joint hypermobility syndrome may include the peripheral nervous system. The purpose of this study was to investigate autonomic function in patients with this syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight patients with the joint hypermobility syndrome who fulfilled the 1998 Brighton criteria and 30 healthy control subjects answered a clinical questionnaire designed to evaluate the frequency of complaints related to the autonomic nervous system. Next, 27 patients and 21 controls underwent autonomic evaluation: orthostatic testing, cardiovascular vagal and sympathetic functions, catecholamine levels, and adrenoreceptor responsiveness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Symptoms related to the autonomic nervous system, such as syncope and presyncope, palpitations, chest discomfort, fatigue, and heat intolerance, were significantly more common among patients. Orthostatic hypotension, postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome, and uncategorized orthostatic intolerance were found in 78% (21/27) of patients compared with in 10% (2/21) of controls. Patients with the syndrome had a greater mean (+/- SD) drop in systolic blood pressure during hyperventilation than did controls (-11 +/- 7 mm Hg vs. -5 +/- 5 mm Hg, P = 0.02) and a greater increase in systolic blood pressure after a cold pressor test (19 +/- 10 mm Hg vs. 11 +/- 13 mm Hg, P = 0.06). Patients with the syndrome also had evidence of alpha-adrenergic (as assessed by administration of phenylephrine) and beta-adrenergic hyperresponsiveness (as assessed by administration of isoproterenol).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The autonomic nervous system-related symptoms of the patients have a pathophysiological basis, which suggests that dysautonomia is an extraarticular manifestation in the joint hypermobility syndrome.
authors.affiliation: J. Recanati Autonomic Dysfunction Center, Rambam Medical Center, Bat-Galim, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gazit
authors.forename: A Menahem
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nahir
authors.forename: Rodney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grahame
authors.forename: Giris
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jacob
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D001342:Autonomic Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines