title: Effects of antibiotics that inhibit the bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis pathway on moss chloroplast division.
abstract: Moss chloroplasts should prove useful for studying the cyanobacteria-derived system in chloroplasts. To determine the effects of antibiotics that inhibit bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis, the numbers of chloroplasts in treated Physcomitrella patens cells were counted. Ampicillin and D-cycloserine caused a rapid decrease in the number of chloroplasts per cell. Fosfomycin affected half of the cells, while vancomycin affected a few cells. Conversely, bacitracin had no effect. With the decrease in chloroplast number, macrochloroplasts appeared in antibiotic-treated cells. Removal of the antibiotics resulted in the recovery of chloroplast number, suggesting that the decrease in number was directly dependent on the antibiotic treatment. Microscopic observations showed that the decrease in the number of chloroplasts resulted from cell division without chloroplast division. These results suggest that enzymes derived from the bacterial peptidoglycan synthesis pathway are related to moss chloroplast division.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 860-8555 Japan.
authors.forename: Nami
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Motoji
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takio
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuroiwa
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ono
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001414:Bacitracin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019068:Bryopsida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003523:Cycloserine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005578:Fosfomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D001414:Bacitracin; D005578:Fosfomycin; D014640:Vancomycin; D000667:Ampicillin; D003523:Cycloserine