title: Phase II study of capecitabine plus cisplatin as first-line chemotherapy in advanced biliary cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A phase II study was conducted to assess the efficacy and tolerability of substituting capecitabine for 5-fluorouracil in combination with cisplatin in patients with advanced biliary cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with previously untreated metastatic or unresectable measurable biliary adenocarcinoma received oral capecitabine 1250 mg/m(2) twice daily on days 1-14, and intravenous cisplatin 60 mg/m(2) on day 1. This cycle was repeated every 21 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two patients were enrolled in this study. Of these, 38 were assessable for efficacy and 41 were assessable for safety. A median of three cycles of treatment (range one to eight) were administered. One patient achieved a complete response, and eight had partial responses, giving an overall response rate of 21.4% in the intention-to-treat population (95% confidence interval 9.1% to 33.9%). The median response duration was 5.1 months. The median time to progression and median overall survival were 3.7 and 9.1 months, respectively. The most common grade 3/4 adverse events were neutropenia (20% of patients), vomiting (12%), diarrhea (7%) and stomatitis (5%). There were no treatment-related deaths.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of capecitabine and cisplatin has promising antitumor activity and is well tolerated in patients with advanced biliary cancer.
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. twkimmd@amc.seoul.kr
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000069287:Capecitabine; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069287:Capecitabine; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil