title: Comparison of PCR, enzyme immunoassay and conventional culture for adenovirus detection in bone marrow transplant patients with hemorrhagic cystitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adenovirus-associated hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) has become a recognized sequel of immunosuppression. The diagnosis of viral infection is usually determined by viral cultures.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Analysis of different diagnostic methods for adenovirus (AdV) detection in bone marrow transplant patients with hemorrhagic cystitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a prospective study for AdV detection in the urine of patients with hematuria in the first 100 days after bone marrow transplant (BMT), comparing different laboratory techniques, PCR, enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and conventional culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 143 urine samples were analyzed, 75 collected in the pre-transplant period with and without hematuria and 68 post-transplant, only with microscopic or macroscopic hematuria. After BMT, hematuria occurred in 38.9% of patients, being more frequent in unrelated donor transplants. AdV was isolated in one pre-transplant patient without symptoms and in three post-transplant patients with HC grades 3 and 4 (severe), who were in month 2 or 3 post-transplant. Compared to culture as the gold standard, the accuracy, specificity and sensitivity of EIA were 95, 30 and 100% and for PCR were 63, 100 and 60%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that despite technical difficulties and the long time that elapsed before results were obtained, cell culture still remains the best method for adenovirus detection in the urine of patients with hemorrhagic cystitis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Federal do Paraná, R. Padre Camargo, C.E.P 82060-240, Alto da XV, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. virologi@saude.ufpr.br
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Raboni
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Siqueira
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Portes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pasquini
mesh_terms: D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003556:Cystitis / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006417:Hematuria / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014556:Urine / Q000821:virology; D014776:Virus Cultivation