title: Direct demonstration of negative regulation of tumor growth and metastasis by host-inducible nitric oxide synthase.
abstract: Inducible nitric oxide synthase (NOS) II expression can be induced in the tumor bed, predominantly in host cells that infiltrate and surround a tumor. However, the impact of this physiological NOS II expression in host cells on tumor growth and metastasis remains unclear because of a lack of appropriate experimental approaches. In the present study, three NOS II-null (NOS II(-/-)) tumor cell lines, KX-dw1, KX-dw4, and KX-dw7, were established and verified using Southern, Northern, and Western blot analysis, and nitric oxide production assays. Cells from these lines were then s.c. and i.v. injected into NOS II(+/+) and NOS II(-/-) C57BL/6 mice. NOS II protein expression and enzyme activity were clearly detected in the tumors that formed in NOS II(+/+) mice but not in those that formed in NOS II(-/-) mice. Consistent with the absence of NOS II expression in the tumor stroma, KX-dw1, KX-dw4, and KX-dw7 cells grew much faster and produced many more experimental lung metastases in NOS II(-/-) mice than in NOS II(+/+) mice. Therefore, physiological expression of NOS II in host cells directly inhibits tumor growth and metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Daoyan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Erica L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Keyi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Yanjuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Suyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Keping
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008264:Macrophages / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse