title: Exploring self-concepts of persons with brain injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study explored the self-concepts of Hong Kong Chinese adults with brain injury.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The Adult Source of Self-concept Inventory (ASSEI) Chinese Version was adopted to identify the sources and basis of the self-conceptions of 120 persons with brain injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Adult Source of Self-Esteem Inventory (ASSEI), a self evaluation tool using open-ended questions and interviewing, was used to identify the sources and basis of the self-concept of persons with and without brain injury. The subjects' important life aspects were identified through interpreting their responses to open-ended questions and interviews. Moreover, a structured questionnaire on their subjective perceptions of importance and satisfaction in different life areas was used to identify the relationships between discrete self-concept variables. The subjects' responses to the 20 items of the ASSEI were also subjected to an exploratory factor analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five self-concept related factors, which accounted for 65.55% of the total variance, were successfully identified. They were family self, physical self, moral self, personal achievement and social self. The self-concept factors match the results of content analysis of the subjects' responses to the open-ended questions. The results showed that family, physical health, work and friends were the most important domains in lives of individuals with brain injury. Brain injury survivors felt good towards their family, work and friends in their daily life. However, the majority expressed the view that they felt bad due to deteriorating physical health, poor family relationships, emotional difficulties and poor working relationship with others.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Findings from this study identified the self-concept basis of persons with brain injury that can indicate self-concept enhancement strategies to improve their rehabilitation outcomes. Hopefully, they can develop more positive self-images and, thus, achieve better community integration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, PR China. rsdavid@polyu.edu.uk
authors.forename: D W K
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Man
authors.forename: A S F
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: E P Y
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012649:Self Concept; D012655:Self-Evaluation Programs; D016896:Treatment Outcome