title: Acute upper GI bleeding: did anything change? Time trend analysis of incidence and outcome of acute upper GI bleeding between 1993/1994 and 2000.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine recent time trends in incidence and outcome of upper GI bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective data collection on all patients presenting with acute upper GI bleeding from a defined geographical area in the period 1993/1994 and 2000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Incidence decreased from 61.7/100,000 in 1993/94 to 47.7/100,000 persons annually in 2000, corresponding to a 23% decrease in incidence after age adjustment (95% CI = 15-30%). The incidence was higher among patients of more advanced age. Rebleeding (16% vs 15%) and mortality (14% vs 13%) did not differ between the two time periods. Ulcer bleeding was the most frequent cause of bleeding, at 40% (1993/94) and 46% (2000). Incidence remained stable for both duodenal and gastric ulcer bleeding. Almost one half of all patients with peptic ulcer bleeding were using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or aspirin. Also, among patients with ulcer bleeding, rebleeding (22% vs 20%) and mortality (15% vs 14%) did not differ between the two time periods. Increasing age, presence of severe and life-threatening comorbidity, and rebleeding were associated with higher mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Between 1993/1994 and 2000, among patients with acute upper GI bleeding, the incidence rate of upper GI bleeding significantly decreased, but no improvement was seen in the risk of rebleeding or mortality in these patients. The incidence rate of ulcer bleeding remained stable. Prevention of ulcer bleeding is important.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: van Leerdam
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Vreeburg
authors.forename: E A J
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Rauws
authors.forename: A A M
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Geraedts
authors.forename: J G P
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Tijssen
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Reitsma
authors.forename: G N J
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Tytgat
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment