title: The eukaryotic initiation factor 5A is involved in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis induced by interferon-alpha and EGF in human cancer cells.
abstract: Interferon-alpha (IFNalpha) can induce apoptosis, a process regulated by a complex network of cell factors. Among these, eukaryotic initiation factor-5A (eIF-5A) is peculiar because its activity is modulated by the post-translational formation of the amino acid hypusine. Here we report the effects of IFNalpha and epidermal growth factor (EGF) on apoptosis and eIF-5A activity in human epidermoid oropharyngeal KB and lung H1355 cancer cells. We found that 48-h exposure to 1000 and 2000 IU/ml IFNalpha induced about 50% growth inhibition and apoptosis in H1355 and KB cells, respectively, and the addition of EGF completely antagonized this effect. When IFNalpha induced apoptosis, a hyperactivation of MEK-1 and ERK signalling and a decrease of the hypusine-containing form and, thus, of eIF-5A activity were recorded. The latter effect was again antagonized by the addition of EGF to IFNalpha-pretreated cells, probably through the activation of the EGF-->ERK-dependent pathway, since the addition of the specific MEK-1 inhibitor PD098059 abrogated the recovery of intracellular hypusine content induced by EGF in IFNalpha-pretreated cancer cells. Subsequently, we evaluated if the hypusine synthesis inhibitor (and eIF-5A inactivator) N1-guanyl-1,7-diaminoheptane (GC7) synergized with IFNalpha in the induction of cell growth inhibition and apoptosis. The analysis of the isobologram of IFNalpha and GC7 demonstrated a strong synergism between the two drugs in inducing cell growth inhibition. We also found that GC7 and IFNalpha had a synergistic effect on apoptosis. These data suggest that the apoptosis induced by IFNalpha could be regulated by eIF-5A that, therefore, could represent a useful target for the potentiation of IFNalpha antitumor activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, II University of Naples, Via Costantinopoli 16, 80132, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Caraglia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marra
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giuberti
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: D'Alessandro
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baldi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tassone
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Venuta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tagliaferri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abbruzzese
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007624:KB Cells; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D000097574:Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5A
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D006147:Guanine; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D008239:Lysine; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D000097574:Eukaryotic Translation Initiation Factor 5A; C100667:N(1)-guanyl-1,7-diaminoheptane; C100028:hypusine