title: The Simon effect with wheel-rotation responses.
abstract: The authors examined clockwise and counterclockwise wheel-rotation responses to high- or low-pitched tones presented in participants' (N = 96, Experiment 1; N = 48, Experiment 2; N = 48, Experiment 3) left and right ears. In Experiment 1, a Simon effect (fastest responding when tone location and direction of wheel turn corresponded) was obtained when participants' hands were at the top or middle of the wheel but not at the bottom. With the bottom hand placement, a Simon effect was induced by instructions emphasizing hand movements but not by instructions emphasizing wheel movements (Experiment 2), and by a visual cursor controlled by the wheel but not one triggered by the response (Experiment 3). The results of the experiments showed that the nature of the task and the instructed action goal influence the direction of the Simon effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, 703 3rd Street, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2004, USA. wdy92@ psych.purdue.edu
authors.forename: Dong-Yuan Debbie
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Proctor
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Pick
mesh_terms: D005246:Feedback; D006801:Humans; D009039:Motion Perception; D011930:Reaction Time; D012399:Rotation; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D013037:Spatial Behavior; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*