title: Laparoscopic intervention for intrathoracic stomach in infants.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intrathoracic stomach is an uncommon condition in infants. We report our experience managing such a condition successfully by laparoscopy in four patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients' ages at the time of operation ranged from 30 days to 14 months. In all cases, the intrathoracic stomach was easily pulled down into the abdominal cavity. The phrenoesophageal ligament was completely resected, and the enlarged hiatus was narrowed by intraabdominal suturing technique. The esophagus was wrapped with the mobilized fundus in a floppy fundoplication. Anchoring sutures were placed between the wrapping cuff and crura.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One patient had paraesophageal hernia (type 2), whereas the other had combined hiatal hernia (type 3). No adverse complications were observed in any of the cases. Symptomatic gastroesophageal reflux and radiographic recurrence of hernia were not seen in any case. The cosmesis was excellent in all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that laparoscopic repair for intrathoracic stomach is a safe and feasible method when preoperative evaluation is conducted adequately.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Kinki University, School of Medicine, 377-2 Ohno-Higashi, Osaka-Sayama, 589-8511, Japan. yagim@med.kindai.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yagi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nose
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nogami
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okuyama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohyanagi
mesh_terms: D006551:Hernia, Hiatal / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D013270:Stomach / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome