title: Sodium nitroprusside-induced deliberate hypotension to facilitate patent ductus arteriosus ligation in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the use of sodium nitroprusside to induce deliberate hypotension to reduce hemorrhage and facilitate surgical ligation of complicated patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hemorrhage occurred during surgical ligation of PDA in 5 dogs. Surgical dissection and isolation of the PDA were very difficult in a sixth dog that was considered to be at increased risk for ductus rupture. Sodium nitroprusside (5 to 25 microg/kg/min intravenously) was administered to these 6 dogs to induce hypotension to reduce blood loss and facilitate surgical ligation of the PDA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sodium nitroprusside infusion reduced blood pressure (mean arterial pressure, 45 to 60 mm Hg) within 5 to 10 minutes and hemorrhage from the PDA, facilitating its surgical ligation. Recovery from surgery and anesthesia was uneventful in all 6 dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sodium nitroprusside infusion can be used to induce deliberate hypotension in dogs to facilitate surgical ligation of PDA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sodium nitroprusside infusion produces hypotension within 5 to 10 minutes and is easy to control, rapidly abates, and should help to facilitate surgical ligation of PDA.
authors.affiliation: Section of Surgery, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, The Ohio State University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Suzanne L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Lindsey B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Culp
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Muir
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lerche
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Birchard
authors.forename: Daniel D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Smeak
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McLoughlin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011996:Records / Q000662:veterinary; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside