title: Determination of elemental composition of substance lost following wear of all-ceramic materials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to test the possible elemental release of four different all-ceramic materials in a wear machine to predict results about their long-term behavior in the oral environment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four different all-ceramic materials with different chemical compositions were selected for the wear testing. A total of 20 cylindric samples, five for each ceramic group, were prepared according to the manufacturers' instructions. These were subjected to two-body wear testing in an artificial saliva medium under a covered unit with a computer-operated wear machine. The artificial saliva solutions for each material were analyzed for the determination of amounts of sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and lithium elements released from the glass-ceramic materials. The differences between and within groups were statistically analyzed with a one-way ANOVA, followed by Duncan tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The statistical analyses revealed no significant differences among Na, K, Ca, or Mg levels (P > .05) released from the leucite-reinforced groups, while there was a significant (P < .05) increase in Li release from the lithium disilicate group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Considerable element release to the artifical saliva medium was demonstrated in short-term wear testing. The lithia-based ceramic was more prone to Li release when compared with other elements and materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. minedundar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dündar
authors.forename: Celal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Artunç
authors.forename: Suna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toksavul
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ozmen
authors.forename: Nevbahar
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Turgan
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D019554:Dental Restoration Wear; D008094:Lithium / Q000032:analysis; D018020:Lithium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D003188:Composite Resins; C118557:Empress 2; C477382:Evopress; C075815:IPS-Empress ceramic; D018020:Lithium Compounds; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D003776:Dental Porcelain; C037884:finesse; D008094:Lithium; D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium