title: Cost analysis in the diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present treatment regimen for a diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis involves a prolonged course of antibiotic therapy along with other adjunctive therapy. The decision to start treatment is made after diagnosis of chronic rhinosinusitis, which is based on subjective symptoms. The working hypothesis of this study is that the diagnosis based on subjective symptoms is inaccurate, leading to inappropriate antibiotic therapy and unnecessary health care expense.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred patients were evaluated prospectively to determine which patients qualified for this study. Seventy-eight patients satisfied current criteria for a diagnosis of rhinosinusitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-three percent (41 patients) of the 78 patients did not have a diagnosis of chronic sinusitis based on same-day computed tomography (CT) scanning. A charge analysis comparing treatment after diagnosis with medical therapy alone and CT scan for failures versus CT scanning with medical treatment for positive scans was performed. Although the most economical method of treatment was initiating medical therapy, it was also the least sensitive and specific in that 52% of patients didn't require the treatment. Endoscopy and/or CT screening with medical therapy were much better at appropriate diagnosis and targeted therapy but charge analysis indicated a much higher cost.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Presently, the current subjective diagnostic paradigm for chronic rhinosinusitis is most cost-effective but least accurate. Objective evaluations (endoscopy and CT scanning) to aid in diagnosis are more accurate but more costly. Where cost constraints are important, careful considerations of alternatives are important.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Illinois 60153, USA.
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stankiewicz
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004180:Direct Service Costs; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000191:economics*; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000191:economics*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents