title: Orascopic visualization technique for conventional and surgical endodontics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present a technique of integrating fibre optic orascope and rod-lens endoscope for visualization in conventional and surgical endodontic treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Innovative advancements in fibre optic and rod-lens endoscope technology have allowed for the development and evolution of orascopic endodontics. The use of orascopy in conventional and surgical endodontic treatments has enabled the endodontist to become more discerning about the endodontic aetiology and the treatment procedures. Orascopy is a procedure that uses an orascope or a rod-lens endoscope for visualization in the oral cavity. An orascope is made up of fibre optics and an endoscope is made up of glass rods. Orascopic endodontics is the use of orascopy for visualization in conventional or surgical endodontic treatment. A 0.8 mm lens diameter, 0 degree, 10K fibre optic orascope and a 4 mm lens diameter, 30 degree, 4 cm rod-lens endoscope are used for visualization in conventional endodontics. The 2.7 mm lens diameter, 70 degree, 3 cm long rod-lens endoscope is used for visualization in surgical endodontics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53201-1881, USA. james.bachall@marquette.edu
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bahcall
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barss
mesh_terms: D019723:Endoscopes; D004867:Equipment Design; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation; D005898:Glass; D006801:Humans; D007909:Lenses; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013499:Surface Properties