title: Bone formation in hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate ceramic implants used in the treatment of the postenucleation socket syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the histopathologic changes in coralline hydroxyapatite tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP) blocks used in the treatment of the postenucleation socket syndrome (PESS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four patients were treated with HA-TCP blocks placed directly into the orbital fat to correct the PESS. Eight of these patients required partial removal of the material for various reasons between 32 and 371 days after the initial operation. The orbital implants were decalcified and processed for light and electron microscopic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Light microscopy demonstrated fibrovascular ingrowth into the pores of the implant in all cases. Osteogenesis was observed in three cases in the periphery of the implant. Ossification occurred in the implants after a mean implantation duration of 276 days versus 67 days in cases without ossification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implants of HA-TCP, a new material used in ophthalmology, demonstrate the presence of fibrovascular ingrowth, reflecting the excellent biointegration of this material.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Dupuytren University Hospital, Avenue Martin Luther King, 87042 Limoges, France. pradenis@unilim.fr
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Adenis
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Camezind
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pilon
authors.forename: P Y
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Boncoeur-Martel
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Camezind-Vidal
authors.forename: N Ben
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Rayanachekir
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Labrousse
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001846:Bone Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D015353:Eye Enucleation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D020273:Orbital Implants; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D006882:Hydroxyapatites