title: Graft survival following living-donor renal transplantation: a comparison of tacrolimus and cyclosporine microemulsion with mycophenolate mofetil and steroids.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Registry databases offer the statistical power to analyze differences in graft survival rates that may not be detected in randomized clinical trials. This study analyses 2-year graft survival using tacrolimus (tac) or cyclosporine (CsA) with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and steroids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data reported to the United Network for Organ Sharing Renal Transplant Registry for living-donor kidney patients receiving a transplant during 1998 to 1999 were included. The primary end point was graft survival after adjustment for confounding variables. A Cox model multivariate analysis was used to adjust for potential confounding factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients receiving CsA-MMF (n=4,686) and tac-MMF (n=2,393) were included. Unadjusted all-cause 2-year graft survival rate was significantly higher with CsA-MMF than tac-MMF (94.3% vs. 92.2%, P=0.0006). After adjustment for potential confounding factors, risk of graft failure at 2 years was significantly higher in patients receiving tac-MMF versus CsA-MMF for both all-cause graft failure (hazards ratio [HR] 1.28, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.49, P=0.002) and death-censored graft failure (HR 1.25, 95% CI 1.05-1.49, P=0.013). Other independent risk factors for graft failure were recipient or donor age greater than 55 years, female sex, pretransplant blood transfusions, one or two haplotype mismatches compared with zero haplotype mismatch, and panel reactive antibody (PRA) greater than 30%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings demonstrate that 2-year renal allograft survival is significantly higher in living-donor recipients receiving CsA compared with tac as initial immunosuppression in combination with MMF.
authors.affiliation: Multiorgan Transplant Program, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Suphamai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bunnapradist
authors.forename: Adarsh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Daswani
authors.forename: Steven K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Takemoto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007223:Infant; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D044469:Racial Groups; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D016559:Tacrolimus