title: Frequent E-cadherin gene inactivation by loss of heterozygosity in pleomorphic lobular carcinoma of the breast.
abstract: Pleomorphic lobular carcinoma of the breast is a variant of infiltrating lobular carcinoma that has poor prognosis. The pleomorphic appearance of this variant hinders its correct identification and differentiation from ductal carcinoma. The analysis of E-cadherin glycoprotein expression is a powerful tool for distinguishing lobular from ductal carcinomas, because complete loss of E-cadherin expression occurs in most infiltrating lobular tumors and lobular carcinomas in situ, but not in ductal tumors. In the present study, we have evaluated E-cadherin expression by immunohistochemistry in a series of 29 pleomorphic lobular breast carcinomas, including 7 cases with an in situ component. Complete loss of E-cadherin expression was observed in all the cases (29/29, 100%), in invasive and in situ components. To understand better the mechanisms underlying E-cadherin inactivation in this tumor type, the frequency of loss of heterozygosity at the E-cadherin gene locus (16q22.1) was analyzed. All informative tumors (27/27, 100%) showed loss of heterozygosity, thus implying a strong association between loss of E-cadherin expression and loss of heterozygosity at 16q22.1. Moreover, loss of heterozygosity was detected in all in situ components analyzed. These results imply that in terms of E-cadherin inactivation, pleomorphic lobular tumors are identical to classic infiltrating lobular carcinomas and distinct from ductal tumors, and therefore they should be considered a variant of lobular carcinoma of the breast, despite their aggressive behavior.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Breast and Gynecological Cancer, Molecular Pathology Program, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncológicas, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palacios
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sarrió
authors.forename: María C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: García-Macias
authors.forename: Bonita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sobel
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Merino
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D042282:Microdissection; D009367:Neoplasm Staging
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm