title: Drug-resistant tuberculosis in Poland in 2000: second national survey and comparison with the 1997 survey.
abstract: METHODS
  Three years after the last survey of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Poland, a nationwide survey was conducted by the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory in cooperation with all TB laboratories.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence and patterns of primary and acquired drug resistance among Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates recovered from tuberculosis patients in Poland in 2000 and to compare the results with an earlier survey carried out in 1997.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective survey based on the questionnaires and strains of M. tuberculosis from all 16 regional centres participating in the study, 3705 questionnaires and cultures were obtained from 3037 new and 668 previously treated patients excreting TB bacilli during the 12-month period of 2000. Tests of resistance to isoniazid, rifampicin, streptomycin and ethambutol were performed using Löwenstein-Jensen and the Bactec system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with the previous survey in 1997, the current survey showed a twofold increase in tuberculosis resistance in new cases: any resistance was 3.6% in 1997 vs. 6.1% in 2000 (P < 0.001), multidrug resistance was 0.6% vs. 1.2% (P < 0.01), and no cases of four-drug resistance in 1997 vs. 15 cases in 2000. No statistical differences were observed in the rate of acquired resistance in both surveys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases, Warsaw, Poland. e.kopec@igichp.edu.pl
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Augustynowicz-Kopec
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zwolska
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jaworski
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kostrzewa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klatt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003625:Data Collection; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology