title: Penetration of surface-inoculated bacteria as a result of electrically generated hydrodynamic shock wave treatment of boneless skinless chicken breasts.
abstract: The top surface of boneless skinless chicken breasts was inoculated with either green fluorescent protein (GFP)-labeled Escherichia coli (E. coli-GFP) or rifampicin-resistant E. coli (E. coli-Rif) and subjected to electrically generated hydrodynamic shock wave treatment (HVADH). Cryostat sampling in concert with laser scanning confocal microscopy or plating onto antibiotic selective agar was used to determine if HVADH treatment resulted in the movement of the inoculated bacteria from the outer inoculated surface to the interior of intact boneless skinless chicken breasts. In HVADH-treated boneless skinless chicken breasts, marker bacteria were detected within the first 200 microm below the inoculated surface, 50 to 100 microm beyond the depth of untreated surface inoculated boneless skinless chicken breasts. The exact depth at which the marker bacteria were found was dependent on the cryostat sampling distance used. These results suggest that HVADH treatments affect the movement of surface bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA. yerma@vt.edu
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lorca
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Claus
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Eifert
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Marcy
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Sumner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D005519:Food Preservation; D005524:Food Technology; D005615:Freezing; D015870:Gene Expression; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008460:Meat / Q000382:microbiology*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000382:microbiology; D013048:Specimen Handling
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins