title: Comparative bioavailability of two immediate-release tablets of lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide in healthy volunteers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Two formulations of lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide (20 mg/12.5 mg) were evaluated for bioequivalence after single dosing in healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted according to an open, randomized, 2-period crossover design with a 2-week washout interval between doses. Twenty-four volunteers participated and all completed the study successfully. Lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide were determined in plasma by HPLC. The pharmacokinetic parameters AUC(0-t), AUC(0-infinity), Cmax and Cmax/AUC(0-infinity) were tested for bioequivalence after logarithmic transformation of data and ratios of tmax were evaluated non-parametrically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For lisinopril, the parametric analysis revealed the following test/reference ratios and their confidence intervals (90% CI): 1.01 (0.84-1.22) for AUC(0-t), 0.98 (0.81-1.19) for AUC(0-infinity), 1.02 (0.83-1.25) for Cmax and 1.03 (0.99-1.08) for Cmax/AUC(0-infinity). The 90% CI for tmax was 0.94-1.07. All parameters showed bioequivalence between both formulations. As for hydrochlorothiazide, test/reference ratios and their confidence intervals (90% CI) were: 1.05 (0.95-1.17), 1.02 (0.93-1.12) for AUC(0-infinity), 0.99 (0.89-1.07) for Cmax and 0.97 (0.90-1.04) for Cmax/AUC(0-infinity). The 90% CI for tmax was 1.00-1.41. All parameters showed bioequivalence between both formulations except for tmax. A discrete fall in both systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure was observed after drug administration. The time course of both parameters was similar for the 2 formulations. Heart rates also followed a similar time profile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The bioequivalence of the 2 formulations of lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide was demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Txagorritxu Hospital, Vitoria, Spain.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gascón
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cuadrado
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Solinís
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ramírez
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dalmau
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pedraz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D017706:Lisinopril / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D013607:Tablets
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D013607:Tablets; D006852:Hydrochlorothiazide; D017706:Lisinopril