title: Differences in norepinephrine clearance in cerebellar slices from low-alcohol-sensitive and high-alcohol-sensitive rats.
abstract: High-alcohol-sensitive (HAS) and low-alcohol-sensitive (LAS) rats were bred for sensitivity and insensitivity, respectively, to the sedative/hypnotic effects of ethanol. These rats also display differential sensitivity to the depressant effects of locally applied ethanol on cerebellar Purkinje neurons in vivo. We have found that LAS animals exhibit a greater influence of endogenous beta-adrenergic activity on neuronal responses to gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and ethanol than do HAS animals. In the current study, we investigated the possibility that the regulation of synaptic norepinephrine levels by norepinephrine transporters could contribute to a differential beta-adrenergic influence on GABA and ethanol sensitivity between HAS and LAS rats. We locally applied norepinephrine from a glass micropipette into the various layers of cerebellar brain slices prepared from LAS and HAS rats, and recorded the levels of norepinephrine clearance by using Nafion-coated carbon-fiber microelectrodes. Norepinephrine clearance was significantly faster by approximately 64% in the Purkinje cell layer of HAS rats. No differences in norepinephrine clearance were found in the molecular or the granule layer between LAS and HAS rats. The catecholamine uptake inhibitor nomifensine reduced norepinephrine clearance in both rat lines. These findings support the hypothesis that regulation of synaptic norepinephrine levels by norepinephrine transporter activity in the Purkinje cell layer may contribute to the differential sensitivity of Purkinje neurons to ethanol and GABA in LAS and HAS rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Box C-236, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East 9th Avenue, Denver, CO 80262, USA. Ron.Freund@UCHSC.edu
authors.forename: Ronald K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Freund
authors.forename: Greg A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Gerhardt
authors.forename: Kriste E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Palmer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism*; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004563:Electrochemistry; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008839:Microelectrodes; D009627:Nomifensine / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism*; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D009627:Nomifensine; D000431:Ethanol; D009638:Norepinephrine