Prostate cancer biomarkers: a current perspective.
Genomic- and proteomic-based studies have led to the identification of a large number of candidate biomarkers, as well as signature patterns of multiple markers for prostate cancer diagnosis, disease progression and prediction of survival. While these candidates include the usual suspects, including oncogenes, proliferation markers and cytoskeletal proteins, there are many additional unexpected molecules such as those involved in processes such as transcriptional repression and fatty acid metabolism. Patterns of expression serving as useful biomarkers is a new and, as yet, clinically untested concept which promises to permit a consideration of the complex milieu of cancer. Exciting as these developments are, clinical application will have to await careful validation of these candidates by independent biochemical approaches over large and diverse samples.
Kumar-Sinha
Chandan
C
Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor 48109, USA. chakumar@umich.edu
Rhodes
Daniel R
DR
Yu
Jianjun
J
Chinnaiyan
Arul M
AM
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001798:Blood Proteins; D020543:Proteome