title: Cloning, mapping, and retinal expression of the canine ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor alpha (CNTFRalpha).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clone, map, and determine the site of expression (mRNA and protein) of the alpha subunit of the receptor for ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTFRalpha) in the normal adult canine retina.
  
  
  METHODS
  The complete coding sequence of the canine CNTFRalpha cDNA was cloned, and radiation hybrid (RH) mapping was used to determine the chromosomal localization of the gene. CNTFRalpha mRNA expression in retina and other tissues was examined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The cellular distribution of CNTFRalpha in the canine retina was studied by in situ hybridization and immunocytochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Canine CNTFRalpha shares a high degree of homology with the human, mouse, and rat coding sequences, both at the nucleotide and amino acid level, but has lower homology with the chicken. CNTFRalpha was RH mapped to CFA 11 (Canis familiaris autosome 11) in the dog, a region showing homology to the short arm of human chromosome 9 (9p13). The gene is transcribed in retina, brain, spleen, lung, liver, and kidney. In the retina, CNTFRalpha was highly expressed by photoreceptors, but both the transcript and protein were also found in the RPE, inner nuclear layer, and ganglion cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that CNTFRalpha is expressed by rods and cones in the normal adult canine retina and suggest that ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) could have a direct photoreceptor rescue effect by binding to CNTFRalpha in these cells. This could open novel pathways for the treatment of retinal degeneration in animal models and humans.
authors.affiliation: James A. Baker Institute for Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Beltran
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kijas
authors.forename: Danian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rohrer
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: Gustavo D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Aguirre
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004285:Dogs / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D015151:Immunoblotting / Q000662:veterinary; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D021101:Radiation Hybrid Mapping / Q000662:veterinary; D020801:Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020801:Receptor, Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor