title: Differential impact of late-stage HIV-1 infection on in vitro and in vivo maturation of myeloid dendritic cells.
abstract: The functional and phenotypic maturation of myeloid dendritic cells (DCs), circulating and monocyte-derived, from subjects at different stages of HIV-1 infection was evaluated. The results showed that the capacity of circulating DCs was significantly impaired in subjects with CD4+ T cell counts of <200/microL, correlated with the potential of CD40 ligand expression on CD4+ T cells (R = 0.84; P = 0.002), and improved with successful antiretroviral therapy. However, the function and phenotype of monocyte-derived DCs generated by in vitro culture from subjects at any stage of HIV-1 infection were similar to those in uninfected healthy subjects. Our findings suggest that although the potential of myeloid DC precursors to achieve full maturation is preserved in subjects with late-stage HIV-1 infection, in vivo maturation of myeloid DCs was impaired in these subjects, which may be due to decreased potential of CD40 ligand expression on CD4+ T cells. That myeloid DCs fail to achieve full maturation in vivo in late-stage HIV-1 infection may contribute to the failure to induce effective cellular immunity against HIV-1 and opportunistic pathogens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. hsmaids@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Szu-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Sung-Ching
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Chien-Ching
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Mao-Yuan
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shan-Chwen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D016655:HIV Core Protein p24 / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016655:HIV Core Protein p24; D023201:CD40 Ligand