title: High circulating levels of cytokines (IL-6 and TNFalpha), adhesion molecules (VCAM-1 and ICAM-1) and selectins in patients with peripheral arterial disease at rest and after a treadmill test.
abstract: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) is a common manifestation of atherosclerosis that is associated with systemic inflammation. The aim of our study was to assess whether plasma markers of inflammation increased after exercise in patients with PAD. The study was conducted on two groups of 20 subjects each: one group (mean age 68.4 +/- 5.09 years) was affected by PAD with claudication, while the other group consisted of healthy controls (66.9 +/- 6.1 years). Concentrations of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha) were determined in plasma, in supernatants and in cells stimulated with 1 mg lipopolysaccharide in all patients. E-selectin (ES), L-selectin (LS) and P-selectin (PS) concentrations and plasma concentrations of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 were also determined. All determinations were performed in patients at rest and after the treadmill exercise. Resting values of soluble mediators were greater in PAD patients than in controls. They increased in both groups after the treadmill test, even if post-treadmill concentrations were significantly higher in PAD patients (PAD p < 0.001 or 0.0001, controls p < 0.05 or 0.001). These results confirm that white blood cell activation is characteristic of systemic atherosclerosis and that these inflammation markers increase in conditions of hemodynamic stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties, Faculty of Medicine, University of Catania, Catania, Italy. ssignore@unict.it
authors.forename: Salvatore Santo
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Signorelli
authors.forename: Maria Clorinda
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mazzarino
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Pino
authors.forename: Grazia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Malaponte
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Porto
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pennisi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marchese
authors.forename: Maria Pia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Digrandi
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Celotta
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Virgilio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000097:blood*; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012146:Rest / Q000502:physiology*; D019087:Selectins / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D019087:Selectins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1