title: Longitudinal analysis of serum insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in antiphospholipid syndrome and in healthy pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the concentrations of serum insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 in pregnancies that are complicated with primary antiphospholipid syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal blood samples were collected from 8 weeks of gestation in 28 women with treated primary antiphospholipid syndrome and 19 control women. Serum insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 were measured by immunoradiometric assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three antiphospholipid syndrome pregnancies miscarried, four pregnancies had intrauterine growth restriction and preeclampsia, six pregnancies had a thrombotic event, and one pregnancy had abruptio placentae. Mean (+/-SD) birth weight in antiphospholipid syndrome group was 2867 +/- 914 g (control, 3492 +/- 527 g; P =.02), and the mean gestation at delivery was 36.5 +/- 5.2 weeks (control, 40.3 +/- 0.7 weeks; P =.002). Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 and insulin-like growth factor-I concentrations increased with gestational age in both groups (2.8% and 2.4% per week), but insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 was 61% higher in the antiphospholipid syndrome group (95% CI, 16%-122%; P =.004). Insulin-like growth factor-I was not significantly different (8% higher in antiphospholipid syndrome; 95% CI, -10% to 30%; P =.41).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum concentrations of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1 are abnormal in the antiphospholipid syndrome group and may reflect abnormalities in trophoblast invasion.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Maternal and Fetal Research Unit, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' School of Medicine, King's College, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Langford
authors.forename: Paul T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Seed
authors.forename: Munther A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khamashta
authors.forename: Beverley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: Lucilla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Poston
mesh_terms: D000022:Abortion, Spontaneous / Q000453:epidemiology; D000037:Abruptio Placentae / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000453:epidemiology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome
chemical_list: D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D001241:Aspirin