title: Flexible migration program regulates gamma delta T-cell involvement in humoral immunity.
abstract: gamma delta T cells are inadequately defined both in terms of their migration potential and contribution to antimicrobial immunity. Here, we have examined the migration profile of human blood gamma delta T cells and related cell lines and correlated these findings with their distribution in secondary lymphoid tissues and their function in B-cell cocultures. We find that resting gamma delta T cells are characterized by an inflammatory migration program similar to cells of the innate immune system. However, T-cell receptor (TCR) triggering resulted in the rapid but transient induction of a lymph node (LN)-homing program, as evidenced by functional CCR7 expression and concomitant reduction in expression and function of CCR5 and, to a lesser degree, CCR2. Moreover, the LN-homing program was reflected by the presence of gamma delta T cells in gastrointestinal lymphoid tissues, notably in clusters within germinal centers of B-cell follicles. In line with these findings, V gamma V delta-TCR triggering resulted in prominent expression of essential B-cell costimulatory molecules, including CD40L, OX40, CD70, and ICOS. Furthermore, gamma delta T cells were shown to provide potent B-cell help during in vitro antibody production. Collectively, our findings agree with a role for gamma delta T cells in humoral immunity during the early phase of antimicrobial responses.
authors.affiliation: Theodor-Kocher Institute, University of Bern, CH-3000 Bern 9, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Marlene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brandes
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Willimann
authors.forename: Alois B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Ki-Hoan
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Chenggang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Craig T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Moser
mesh_terms: D000917:Antibody Formation; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000276:immunology*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004064:Digestive System / Q000166:cytology; D018858:Germinal Center / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000276:immunology*; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000032:analysis; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic