title: Radiologic evaluation of the rheumatoid hand after synovectomy and extensor carpi radialis longus transfer to extensor carpi ulnaris.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study we radiologically evaluated the effects of extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) tendon transfer on the stability and deformity of joints of rheumatoid hands in cases with a postoperative period of more than 5 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Synovectomy concomitant with tendon transfer of the ECRL to the extensor carpi ulnaris (Clayton's procedure) was performed in 28 wrists of 23 patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The follow-up period was 8.8 +/- 2.8 years. Pre- and postoperative x-rays were reviewed and measured. Follow-up evaluation included Steinbrocker's classification of the radiocarpal joints, Larsen's grade of the third metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint, radial angulation of the wrist, ulnar translocation of the carpus, and ulnar drift of the fingers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen of 28 wrists (68%) were ankylosed (radius-proximal carpal row fusion or radiolunate limited fusion). Radial angulation of the wrist was reduced from 131 degrees +/- 8.8 degrees before surgery to 121 degrees +/- 7.9 degrees after surgery. Dislocation and ulnar translocation of the carpus (UTC) were prevented by surgery (UTC: 1.05 +/- 0.10 before and 1.07 +/- 0.09 after surgery). The mean ulnar drift of the fingers was maintained at the preoperative level (UDF: 14 degrees +/- 5.7 degrees before and 14 degrees +/- 12.9 degrees after surgery). The incidence of alteration (increase and decrease) of UDF of more than 5 degrees between pre- and postoperative evaluation was significantly higher in the group with worsening of Larsen grade of MCP joints than in the group without worsening (with worsening: 7 of 8 MCP joints, without worsening: 8 of 20 MCP joints).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ECRL tendon transfer (Clayton's procedure) provided effective stabilization at more than 5 years (mean, 8.8 y) after surgery. In addition, this method may help to prevent ulnar drift of the fingers if combined with correction of local factors at the MCP joints.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Tomihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koshino
authors.forename: Renzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017746:Joint Capsule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013709:Tendon Transfer; D013710:Tendons / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014955:Wrist Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*