Enhygromyxa salina gen. nov., sp. nov., a slightly halophilic myxobacterium isolated from the coastal areas of Japan.
Six isolates of novel marine myxobacteria, designated strains SHK-1T, SMK-1-1, SMK-1-3, SMK-10, SKK-2, and SMP-6, were obtained from various coastal samples (mud, sands and algae) collected around Japan. All of the isolates had Gram-negative rod-shaped cells, motile by gliding and grew aerobically. They showed bacteriolytic action, fruiting body formation, and NaCl requirement for growth with an optimum concentration of 1.0-2.0% (w/v). In addition, divalent cationic components of seawater, such as Mg2+ or Ca2+, were also needed for growth. The major respiratory quinone was MK-7. The G+C content of genomic DNA ranged from 65.6 to 67.4 mol% (by HPLC). The isolates shared almost identical 16S rDNA sequences, and clustered with a recently described marine myxobacterium, Plesiocystis pacifica, as their closest relative on a phylogenetic tree (95.9-96.0% similarity). Physiological and chemotaxonomic differences between the new strains and strains of the genus Plesiocystis justify the proposal of a new genus. Therefore, we propose to classify the six isolates into a new taxon of marine myxobacteria with the name, Enhygromyxa salina gen. nov., sp. nov. The type strain is SHK-1(T) (JCM 11769(T) = DSM 15217(T) = AJ 110011(T)).
Iizuka
Takashi
T
Microbiology Group, Institute of Life Sciences, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1 Suzuki-cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Japan. takashi_iizuka@ajinomoto.com
Jojima
Yasuko
Y
Fudou
Ryosuke
R
Tokura
Mitsunori
M
Hiraishi
Akira
A
Yamanaka
Shigeru
S
D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D002118:Calcium / Q000494:pharmacology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D007564:Japan; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009231:Myxococcales / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010140:Pacific Ocean; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D021521:Ribotyping; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013045:Species Specificity; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000032:analysis; D014871:Water Microbiology
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005227:Fatty Acids; D024482:Vitamin K 2; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium