title: The influence of a cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor on injured and uninjured ligaments in the rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Results of previous studies have shown that piroxicam, a cyclooxygenase-1-2 inhibitor, improves the strength of healing ligaments, whereas celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, impairs ligament healing.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The selective cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor, SC-560, will improve the strength of ligament healing in an in vivo rat model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent surgical transection of their medial collateral ligament. Postoperatively, 20 rats were given SC-560 at a low dose and 20 at a high dose for the first 6 days of recovery; the other 40 received a normal diet. The animals were sacrificed 14 days later, and both the injured and uninjured ligaments were mechanically tested to failure in tension.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in the strength of injured ligaments were found between drug and placebo treatment. However, the contralateral uninjured ligaments in the SC-560-treated groups failed at 27% higher energy and 22% higher load.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor did not improve the strength of ligament healing but did significantly improve the strength of the contralateral uninjured ligament.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A pure cyclooxygenase-1 inhibitor is probably not indicated as a positive influence on ligament healing but might provide benefits in ligament injury prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Victor B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Bogatov
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weinhold
authors.forename: Laurence E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Dahners
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008297:Male; D017888:Medial Collateral Ligament, Knee / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D023421:Models, Animal; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012016:Reference Values; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011720:Pyrazoles; C115461:SC 560; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496513:Ptgs1 protein, rat