title: An integrative review of substance abuse among nurses from 1981-1997.
abstract: The body of literature suggests that the prevalence of substance abuse among nurses and nursing students is less than or similar to the general population, but that younger nurses may be more at risk. Male nurses may be at increased risk for substance abuse. Prevalence of substance abuse by clinical specialty remains unclear. Several risk factors for impairment including depression and lack of social support were identified in the descriptive and qualitative studies. Perceptions and attitudes toward impaired nurses and colleagues reveal a lack of optimism about treatment by nursing management. Acceptance of the illness concept varied by ethnicity. Impaired nurses did not feel supported by nursing management. Peer assistance groups may be an effective means of addressing substance abuse among nurses.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smardon