title: Ha-ras oncogene mutation associated to progression of papillomavirus induced lesions of uterine cervix.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Epidemiological and virological surveys suggest that the HPV presence is not enough condition to generate anogenital cancer, others factors (genetic, environmental, hormonal, etc) may have an important role. Mutations of ras genes were observed in several human neoplasias, including cervical cancer.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess the frequency of Ha-ras oncogene mutations in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade III and invasive squamous cell carcinomas and to examine this genetic factor in relation to HPV infection and the clinical evolution of cervical lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  They were selected for (a) evaluation of the frequency of Ha-ras mutations: 39 cases of invasive carcinomas (InCa), 47 CIN III and 12 normal tissues taken from areas adjacent to the tumor (NT). (b) Retrospective follow-up: 18 cases of lesion progression; 9 cases of persistence and 12 of regression to mature or immature metaplasia after specific treatment. All biopsies obtained from each patient during the follow-up done between 5 and 10 years were included. HPV typing and scanning of possible mutations in Ha-ras were made by single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis/polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPV-DNA was detected in 95% of InCa and 84% of CIN III; HPV 16/18 was found in 65% of patients, mainly associated with persistent infection and lesion progression. The undetermined HPV types (18%) could indicate the circulation in our country of types other than those screened (6, 11, 16, 18, 31 and 33). Twenty percent of CIN III and 41% of InCa had patterns compatible with Ha-ras mutations. Mutated Ha-ras was detected in 61 and 44% of progression and persistence cases, respectively, including early stages of progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ha-ras mutations were detected in CIN II-III lesions; in mutated cases, the progression took place in under 2 years, then this detection may be an early predictive marker of rapid progression.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Infecciosas ANLIS 'Carlos G. Malbrán', Departamento Virologia, (1281) Av. Vélez Sársfield 563, Buenos Aires, Argentina. alonio@anlis.gov.ar
authors.forename: Lidia Virginia
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Alonio
authors.forename: Maria Alejandra
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Picconi
authors.forename: Delia
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dalbert
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mural
authors.forename: Ofelia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bartt
authors.forename: Graciela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bazán
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dominguez
authors.forename: Angélica Rita
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Teyssié
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology