title: Quality of life six years after intensive care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the degree of change in long-term quality of life (QOL) in critically ill patients 1 and 6 years after discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A ten-bed medical-surgical ICU in a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of the 591 consecutive patients admitted in 1995 the study comprised those 169 who responded to both QOL questionnaires, sent in 1996 and 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A generic scale assessing health-related QOL, the RAND 36, sent by mail. Six years after discharge 9% of the patients considered their present health status as excellent, 37% as good, 45% as satisfactory and 9% as poor. The absolute values of the different QOL domains revealed worse physical functioning ( p<0.001), pain ( p=0.008) and general health ( p=0.012), but less emotional role limitation ( p=0.006) as compared with the 1996 values. Compared with the age- and gender-matched general population (controls), a marked improvement was detected in physical and emotional role limitations, and in vitality. However, 6 years after ICU discharge pain was worse, and physical functioning and general health were still reduced as compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When evaluating the long-term outcome of ICU patients, the timing of QOL assessment is essential; especially the emotional domains seem to improve slowly. Further studies focusing on the effect of time on various QOL domains and the predictive factors for a long-term QOL are therefore warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Meilahti Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, P.O. Box 340, 00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland. anne.kaarlola@hus.fi
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaarlola
authors.forename: Ville
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pettilä
authors.forename: Pertti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kekki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003422:Critical Care; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015996:Survival Rate