title: Blood/gas partition coefficients of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in horse blood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Blood/gas partition coefficients (lambda(b/g)) for volatile agents in horse blood are reported for halothane but not for isoflurane and sevoflurane. We measured the lambda(b/g) of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in the blood of fasted horses. The correlation with age, weight and some haematological and biochemical variables was studied. The temperature correction factor for isoflurane solubility was calculated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four horses were randomly allocated to halothane (n=8), isoflurane (n=8) or sevoflurane (n=8). Blood samples were taken after 10 h' fasting. Calculation of lambda(b/g) was based on the measurement of anaesthetic partial pressures in blood at 37 degrees C, which was achieved with tonometer equilibration and headspace gas chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean lambda(b/g) was 1.66 (SD 0.06) for halothane, 0.92 (0.04) for isoflurane, and 0.47 (0.03) for sevoflurane. The lambda(b/g) values were all significantly lower than in humans (P<0.001). No correlation was found between lambda(b/g) and weight, age, haematocrit, plasma triglycerides, cholesterol or total bilirubin. The change in isoflurane solubility per 1 degrees C temperature increase was -2.63 (0.13)%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lambda(b/g) values of halothane, isoflurane and sevoflurane in fasted horses are significantly lower than those reported in humans. The lambda(b/g) for halothane in this study agrees with values reported in the literature but a positive correlation with plasma triglycerides could not be confirmed. Knowledge of lambda(b/g) can refine models of anaesthetic uptake.
authors.affiliation: University of Berne, Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Anaesthesiology Division, Länggassstrasse 124, Postfach 8466 CH-3001, Bern, Switzerland. alessandra.bergadano @ knp.unibe.ch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bergadano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lauber
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zbinden
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schatzmann
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Moens
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006221:Halothane / Q000097:blood; D006736:Horses / Q000097:blood*; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D006221:Halothane