title: Laboratory and field performance of an indoxacarb bait against German cockroaches (Dictyoptera: Blattellidae).
abstract: Experimental indoxacarb powder and gel baits were evaluated in the laboratory, and a gel bait was evaluated in subsequent field studies against the German cockroach, Blattella germanica (L.). In continuous exposure tests, LT50 values were 1.90 and 1.10 d for 0.25 and 1% indoxacarb powder baits, respectively. However, 0.25% indoxacarb gel bait had an LT50 value of 0.68 d, similar to a 0.05% abamectin gel bait formulated with the same bait base. There was no difference in toxicity between fresh and 7-d-old gel bait deposits. A pyrethroid-resistant strain of German cockroaches was significantly resistant to both abamectin and indoxacarb gel baits. Gel bait contained approximately 40% water, desiccated rapidly at 25-28 degrees C and 30-45% RH, but did not rehydrate when held at 56.7% RH for 3 d. Powder indoxacarb baits contained <1% water and did not desiccate or gain water. Indoxacarb gel bait (0.25%) was relatively nonrepellent (approximately 30%) and had positive maximum performance index values (approximately 100) in Ebeling choice box experiments. In field experiments in cockroach-infested kitchens, the 0.25% indoxacarb gel bait significantly reduced visual counts of German cockroaches approximately 74% at 3 d and >95% at 14 d. Indoxacarb baits are toxic, relatively nonrepellent, and can significantly reduce German cockroach populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5413, USA. aappel@acesag.auburn.edu
authors.forename: Arthur G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Appel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003058:Cockroaches / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005782:Gels; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D010078:Oxazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D007306:Insecticides; D010078:Oxazines; D011722:Pyrethrins; C401104:indoxacarb; C048324:abamectin; D007559:Ivermectin