title: RNF5, a RING finger protein that regulates cell motility by targeting paxillin ubiquitination and altered localization.
abstract: RNF5 is a RING finger protein found to be important in the growth and development of Caenorhabditis elegans. The search for RNF5-associated proteins via a yeast two-hybrid screen identified a LIM-containing protein in C. elegans which shows homology with human paxillin. Here we demonstrate that the human homologue of RNF5 associates with the amino-terminal domain of paxillin, resulting in its ubiquitination. RNF5 requires intact RING and C-terminal domains to mediate paxillin ubiquitination. Whereas RNF5 mediates efficient ubiquitination of paxillin in vivo, protein extracts were required for in vitro ubiquitination, suggesting that additional modifications and/or an associated E3 ligase assist RNF5 targeting of paxillin ubiquitination. Mutant Ubc13 efficiently inhibits RNF5 ubiquitination, suggesting that RNF5 generates polychain ubiquitin of the K63 topology. Expression of RNF5 increases the cytoplasmic distribution of paxillin while decreasing its localization within focal adhesions, where it is primarily seen under normal growth. Concomitantly, RNF5 expression results in inhibition of cell motility. Via targeting of paxillin ubiquitination, which alters its localization, RNF5 emerges as a novel regulator of cell motility.
authors.affiliation: Ruttenberg Cancer Center, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Didier
authors.forename: Limor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Broday
authors.forename: Anindita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhoumik
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Israeli
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Sheila M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Christopher E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Hisataka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sabe
authors.forename: Ze'ev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ronai
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008025:Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D051419:Paxillin; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013997:Time Factors; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C496061:PXN protein, human; D051419:Paxillin; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C496062:Pxn protein, mouse; D025801:Ubiquitin; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; C489359:ubc-1 protein, C elegans; C111501:RNF5 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D008025:Ligases