title: One- and two-photon fluorescence resonance energy transfer microscopy to establish a clustered distribution of receptor-ligand complexes in endocytic membranes.
abstract: One- and two-photon fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) microscopy, using different bandwidth emission filters and a novel spectral spillover correction algorithm (PFRET algorithm), provides the basis for a quantitative approach to measure receptor clustering in endocytic membranes. Emission filters with wider bandwidth allow for an increased FRET signal and corresponding spillover. Treatment with the PFRET correction algorithm results in increasing correction levels and comparable energy transfer efficiency (E%) values, thus validating our algorithm-based approach. The relationship between E% and acceptor and donor levels and donor:acceptor (D:A) ratio is used to characterize the distribution of receptor-ligand complexes in endocytic membranes. In addition to the standard test for clustering (E%'s independence from acceptor levels), we describe a second parameter: the negative dependence of E% on increasing donor levels and D:A ratio. A donor geometric exclusion hypothesis is proposed to explain this phenomenon. One- and two-photon FRET microscopy assays show that polymeric IgA-receptor-ligand complexes are organized in clusters within apical endocytic membranes of polarized Madin-Darby canine kidney cells.
authors.affiliation: University of Virginia, Department of Biology, Gilmer Hall, 057, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA.
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wallrabe
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stanley
authors.forename: Ammasi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Periasamy
authors.forename: Margarida
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barroso
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D016477:Artifacts; D002232:Carbocyanines; D002462:Cell Membrane; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004285:Dogs; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000502:physiology; D011992:Endosomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004735:Energy Transfer; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D006834:Hydrazines; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000379:methods*; D011817:Rabbits; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: C417561:Alexa 488 hydrazide; D002232:Carbocyanines; D006834:Hydrazines; C045281:IgA receptor; D011961:Receptors, Fc; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C089187:cyanine dye 3