title: Imaging fecal incontinence.
abstract: Fecal incontinence is the inability to defer release of gas or stool from the anus and rectum by mechanisms of voluntary control. It is an important medical disorder affecting the quality of life of up to 20% of the population above 65 years. The most common contributing factors include previous vaginal deliveries, pelvic or perineal trauma, previous anorectal surgery, and rectal prolapse. Many physicians lack experience and knowledge related to pelvic floor incontinence disorders, but advancing technology has improved this knowledge. Increased experience with endoanal ultrasound and endoanal magnetic resonance imaging have given us a better understanding not only of the anatomy of the anal canal but also of the underlying morphological defects in fecal incontinence. Current imaging methods are emphasized and recent literature is reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. michael.fuchsjaeger@univie.ac.at
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Fuchsjäger
authors.forename: Andrea G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Maier
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019841:Defecography; D019160:Endosonography; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged