title: Genital skin fibroblasts (GF) of patients with androgen insensitivity syndrome express higher insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-2, -3 and -5 than GF of normally virilized males.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the effects of androgens, estradiol (E2) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I on IGF-II, insulin-like growth factor binding protein (IGFBP)-2, -3 and -5 and mRNA in genital fibroblasts (GF) from patients with complete androgen insensitivity (CAIS) and normally virilized males (C).
  
  
  METHODS
  Proteins were measured by specific RIA and Western ligand blot, and specific mRNA levels by RT-PCR normalized by GAPDH levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Secretion of IGF-II was lowered in CAIS (p<0.001) GF and by testosterone + IGF-I in C GF. Secretion of IGFBP-2 was higher (p<0.001) in CAIS GF and IGFBP-2 mRNA levels were increased by E2 in C GF (p<0.05). E2 stimulated IGFBP-2, -3 and -5 expression in CAIS GF. CAIS GF also secreted more IGFBP-3 (p<0.001) and accumulated 3-5 times more IGFBP-5 mRNA than C GF (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to C GF, the availability of IGF-II in CAIS GF is apparently decreased by two facts: by the decreased expression and by increased expression of IGFBP-2, -3 and -5. Furthermore, E2 and IGF-I modulate the expression of IGF-II and IGFBP in GF. This may play a role in the failure to develop male external genitals in CAIS patients.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology, University Children's Hospital, Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Diesing
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Elmlinger
authors.forename: B S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Schuett
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weidemann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romalo
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Schweikert
authors.forename: K-D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Spindler
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ranke
mesh_terms: D013734:Androgen-Insensitivity Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D005837:Genitalia, Male; D006801:Humans; D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D018975:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5 / Q000378:metabolism; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018971:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 2; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D018975:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 5; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II