title: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase inhibitor, LY294002, induced senescence-like changes in human diploid fibroblasts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To reveal the role of Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases (PI3Ks) in regulating human diploid fibroblast (2BS cell) senescence as well as the possible mechanisms involved.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a PI3Ks specific inhibitor, LY294002, cell cycle, apoptosis, proliferation, senescence association beta-galactosidase staining as well as senescence association CKIs, p16(INK4) and p21(Cip1) protein expressions were all measured in the low passages of 2BS cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both 25 micro mol/L and 50 micro mol/L concentrations of LY294002 could cause a significant decrease in cells entering into S phase, and this cell cycle of G(1) phase arrest was dose-dependent. Meanwhile, LY294002 contributed to apoptosis, caused 2BS cell growth arrest, and activated senescence association beta-galactosidase (P < 0.05). In addition, LY294002 could induce time-course expressions of p16(INK4) and p21(Cip1) in 2BS cell lines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PI3Ks inhibitor LY294002 could induce senescence-like changes in 2BS cell lines. Two senescence associated CKIs, p16(INK4) and p21(Cip1), might be involved in this senescence phenotype proceeding in 2BS cell lines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Shuping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zongyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tanjun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000187:drug effects*; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000032:analysis; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000032:analysis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D002867:Chromones; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009025:Morpholines; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one