Angiotensin-I-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and high urinary albumin concentration in French Type 2 diabetes patients.
OBJECTIVE
Family-based studies suggest a genetic basis for nephropathy in Type 2 diabetes. The angiotensin-I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is a candidate gene for Type 1 diabetes nephropathy. We assessed the association between high urinary albumin concentration and ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism, in French Type 2 diabetes patients.


METHODS
We studied 3139 micro/macroalbuminuric French patients recruited in the DIABHYCAR Study, an ACE inhibition trial in Type 2 diabetes patients with renal and cardiovascular outcomes. The main inclusion criteria were age >/= 50 years, urinary albumin concentration >/= 20 mg/l assessed centrally during two consecutive screening visits, and plasma creatinine concentration </= 150 micro mol/l. These patients were compared with 605 normoalbuminuric (NA; urinary albumin concentration < 10 mg/l at first screening for the DIABHYCAR Study) French patients. ACE I/D genotype was determined by nested polymerase chain reaction.


RESULTS
The ACE I/D polymorphism was in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The distribution of genotypes did not differ significantly between micro/macroalbuminuric and NA patients: 552 and 115 II, 1468 and 282 ID, 1119 and 208 DD (P = 0.67). However, the ACE D allele was more frequent among normotensive micro/macroalbuminuric patients than among NA patients (P = 0.039).


CONCLUSIONS
The ACE I/D polymorphism was not associated with high urinary albumin concentration in French Type 2 diabetes patients.
Hadjadj
S
S
Service de Médecine Interne, Endocrinologie, University Hospital, Poitiers, France.
Gallois
Y
Y
Alhenc-Gelas
F
F
Chatellier
G
G
Marre
M
M
Genes
N
N
Lievre
M
M
Mann
J
J
Menard
J
J
Vasmant
D
D
D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000235:genetics*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000235:genetics; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A