title: Healthy body mass index values often underestimate body fat in men with spinal cord injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the relation between body mass index (BMI) and adiposity in men with spinal cord injury (SCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient study in 2 centers in New Zealand.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen men with traumatic SCI were age-, height-, and weight-matched with 19 able-bodied men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  BMI (kg/m(2)) and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry measures of total and regional lean tissue mass and fat mass.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the groups had similar BMIs, the total lean tissue mass was 8.9kg lower (95% confidence interval [CI], -12.7 to -5.2; P<.001) whereas total fat mass was 7.1kg greater (95% CI, 1.3-12.8; P<.05) in the SCI group. Body fat percentage was 9.4% (95% CI, 3.6-15.1; P<.01) greater in the SCI group. Regional measures showed a similar pattern. Truncal fat mass increased 3.7kg (95% CI, 0.5-6.9; P<.05) in the SCI group compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Body fat mass was greater for any given BMI in the SCI group. Many patients with SCI do not appear to be obese, yet they carry large amounts of fat tissue. BMI is widely used to estimate adiposity, but it may underestimate body fat in men with SCI.
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Education, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand. ljones@pooka.otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: Lynnette M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Legge
authors.forename: Ailsa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goulding
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015982:Bias; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications*