title: Influence of age and run training on cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchange.
abstract: Effects of age and training on myocardial Na+/Ca2+ exchange were examined in young sedentary (YS; 14-15 mo), aged sedentary (AS; 27-31 mo), and aged trained (AT; 8- to 11-wk treadmill run training) male Fischer Brown Norway rats. Whole heart performance and isolated cardiocyte Na+/Ca2+ exchange characteristics were measured. At the whole heart level, a small but significant slowing of late isovolumic left ventricular (LV) relaxation, which may be indicative of altered Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity, was seen in hearts from AS rats. This subtle impairment in relaxation was not observed in hearts from AT rats. At the single-cardiocyte level, late action potential duration was prolonged, resting membrane potential was more positive, and overshoot potential was greater in cardiocytes from AS rats than from YS rats (P < 0.05). Training did not influence any of these age-related action potential characteristics. In electrically paced cardiocytes, neither shortening nor intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i) dynamics was influenced by age or training. Similarly, neither age nor training influenced the rate of [Ca2+]i clearance via forward (Nain+ /Caout2+) Na+/Ca2+ exchange after caffeine-induced Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum or cardiac Na+/Ca2+ exchanger protein (NCX1) expression. However, when whole cell patch-clamp techniques combined with fluorescence microscopy were used to evaluate the ability of Na+/Ca2+ exchange to alter cytosolic [Ca2+] ([Ca2+]c) under conditions where membrane potential (Vm) and internal and external [Na+] and [Ca2+] could be controlled, we observed age-associated increases in forward Na+/Ca2+ exchange-mediated [Ca2+]c clearance (P < 0.05) that were not influenced by training. The age-related increase in forward Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity provides a hypothetical explanation for the late action potential prolongation observed in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, Colorado 80309-0354, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Mace
authors.forename: Bradley M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Korinne N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Jew
authors.forename: Joshua M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Jason M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Glunt
authors.forename: Todd A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: Joseph Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Russell L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005080:Exercise Test; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000502:physiology*; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000502:physiology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; C110374:sodium-calcium exchanger 1; D002110:Caffeine; D012964:Sodium; D002118:Calcium