title: Characteristics and application of established luciferase hepatoma cell line that responds to dioxin-like chemicals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish a luciferase reporter cell line that responds dioxin-like chemicals (DLCs) and on this basis to evaluate its characteristics and application in the determination of DLCs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A recombinant luciferase reporter plasmid was constructed by inserting dioxin-responsive element (DREs) and MMTV promoter segments into the pGL(3)-promoter plasmid immediately upstream of the luciferase gene, which was structurally demonstrated by fragment mapping analysis in gel electrophoresis and transfected into the human hepatoma cell line HepG(2), both transiently and stably, to identify the inducible expression of luciferase by 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). The time course, responsive period, sensitivity, structure-inducibility and dose-effect relationships of inducible luciferase expression to DLCs was dynamically observed in HepG(2) cells stably transfected by the recombinant vector (HepG(2)-Luc) and compared with that assayed by ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) in non-transfected HepG(2) cells (HepG(2)-wt).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The inducible luciferase expression of HepG(2)-Luc cells was noted in a time-, dose-, and AhR-dependent manner, which peaked at 4 h and then decreased to a stable level at 14 h after TCDD treatment. The responsiveness of HepG(2)-Luc cells to TCDD induction was decreased with culture time and became undetectable at 10th month of HepG(2)-Luc cell formation. The fact that luciferase activity induced by 3, 3', 4, 4'-PCB in HepG(2)-Luc cells was much less than that induced by TCDD suggests a structure-inducibility relationship existing among DLCs. Within the concentrations from 3.5 x 10(-12) to 5 x 10(-9) mol/L, significant correlations between TCDD doses and EROD activities were observed in both HepG(2)-luc and HepG(2)-wt cells. The correlation between TCDD doses from 1.1 x 10(-13) to 1 x 10(-8) mol/L and luciferase activities was also found to be significant in HepG(2)-luc cells (r=0.997, P<0.001), but not in their HepG(2)-wt counterparts. For the comparison of the enzyme responsiveness between cell lines to TCDD, the luciferase sensitivity and reproducibility in HepG(2)-luc cells were both better than that of EROD in HepG(2)-wt cells, the former was at 1.1 x 10(-13) mol/L and 3.5 x 10(-12) mol/L, and the coefficients of variation (CV) of the latter was 15-30 % and 22-38 %, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The luciferase expression of HepG(2)-luc cells established in the present study could sensitively respond to the DLCs stimulation and might be a prospective tool for the determination of DLCs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, Hubei Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhi-Ren
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Shun-Qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yong-Jun
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiao-Kun
authors.initials: XK
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Zhi-Wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiang-Lin
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yi-Kai
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jun-Yue
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004147:Dioxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004147:Dioxins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D008156:Luciferases