title: Dental and periodontal lesions in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dental erosion has been considered an extraesophageal manifestation of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, but few reports have studied the relationship between this disease and other periodontal or dental lesions. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dental and periodontal lesions in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 253 subjects were prospectively studied between April 1998 and May 2000. Two study groups were established: 181 patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and 72 healthy volunteers. Clinical assessment, including body mass index and consumption of tobacco and alcohol, was performed in all subjects, as well as a dental and periodontal examination performed by a dentist physician, blind as to the diagnosis of subjects. Parameters evaluated were: (a) presence and number of dental erosion, location and severity, according to the Eccles and Jenkins index [Prosthet Dent 1979;42:649-53], modified by Hattab [Int J Prosthes 2000;13:101-71; (b) assessment of dental condition by means of the CAO index; and (c) periodontal status analysed by the plaque index, the haemorrhage index, and gingival recessions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical parameters were similar in both groups (p > 0.05). Age was statistically associated with the CAO index, presence of dental erosion, and gingival recession (p < 0.001, Student's t-test). Compared with the control group, the percentage of dental erosion was significantly higher in the gastro-oesophageal reflux disease group (12.5 vs. 47.5%, p < 0.001, chi2-test), as was the number and severity of dental erosions (p < 0.001, Student's t-test). Location of dental erosion was significantly different between groups. Age was not statistically related to either the amount or severity of dental erosion. CAO and periodontal indices were similarly distributed between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dental erosion may even be considered as an extraesophageal manifestation of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. The fact that the prevalence of caries and periodontal lesions is similar in patients with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and in healthy volunteers suggests a lack of relationship with gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Clinic University Hospital, University of Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibanez 17, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Herreros
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sanchiz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Amoros
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mora
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minguez
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Bagan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benages
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010512:Periodontal Index; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014077:Tooth Erosion / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology