title: Transthoracic sonography of the lung and pleura in view of a suspected pulmonary embolism: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnostic performance of transthoracic sonography of the lung in view of an acute suspicion of pulmonary embolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The diagnosis of pulmonary embolism was made within 48 hours of admission with the use of a validated strategy that combined a lung scan, lower limb sonography, helical computed tomography, and pulmonary angiography in 74 consecutive patients. All patients had a 3-month follow-up. Transthoracic sonography of the lung and pleura was performed in a blinded fashion by investigators unaware of the diagnostic process. It was interpreted as suggestive or not suggestive of pulmonary embolism on the basis of previously published descriptions. The results were kept apart from the patient files until the end of the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pulmonary embolism was confirmed in 31 (42%) of the 74 patients. None of the patients classified as pulmonary embolism-negative had a thromboembolic event during the 3-month follow-up. The diagnostic performance of transthoracic sonography was as follows: sensitivity, 71% (95% confidence interval, 52%-85%); specificity, 77% (95% confidence interval, 61%-88%); positive predictive value, 69% (95% confidence interval, 50%-83%); and negative predictive value, 79% (95% confidence interval, 63%-89%). The finding of an isolated pleural infarction was significantly more frequent in pulmonary embolism-positive patients compared with pulmonary embolism-negative patients (P = .0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from this study suggest that transthoracic sonography of the lung does not fulfill satisfactory performance criteria in view of a clinical suspicion of pulmonary embolism.
authors.affiliation: Groupe d'Etude de la Thrombose de Bretagne Occidentale, Department of Internal Medicine and Chest Diseases, Hôpital de la Cavale Blanche, Brest, France.
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohn
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Quiot
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nonent
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lacut
authors.forename: Grégoire
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Le Gall
authors.forename: Francis
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Couturaud
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leroyer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010994:Pleura / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*