EEG deficits in chronic marijuana abusers during monitored abstinence: preliminary findings.
Cognitive, cerebrovascular, and psychiatric impairments have been documented with chronic marijuana users. To better understand the nature and duration of these neurocognitive changes in marijuana abusers, we recorded the resting EEG of 29 abstinent chronic marijuana abusers and 21 control subjects. The marijuana abusers were tested twice: the first evaluation occurred within 72 hours of admission to the inpatient research unit; the second evaluation occurred after 28 to 30 days of monitored abstinence. A three-minute period of EEG was recorded during resting eyes-closed conditions from eight electrodes (F(3), C(3), P(3), O(1), F(4), C(4), P(4), and O(2)). The artifacted EEG was converted to six frequency bands (delta, theta, alpha(1), alpha(2), beta(1), and beta(2)) using a fast Fourier transform. During early abstinence, absolute power was significantly lower (p < 0.05) for the marijuana abusers than for the control subjects for the theta and alpha(1) bands. These reductions in theta and alpha(1) power persisted for 28 days of monitored abstinence. These EEG changes, together with cerebral blood flow deficits, might underlie the cognitive alterations observed in marijuana abusers. Additional research is needed to determine how long these deficits persist during abstinence and if treatment with neuroprotective agents may reverse them.
Herning
Ronald I
RI
Molecular Neuropsychiatry Section, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA. rherning@intra.nida.nih.gov
Better
Warren
W
Tate
Kimberly
K
Cadet
Jean L
JL
D000328:Adult; D002188:Cannabis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology*