Diverticular disease of the colon: new perspectives in symptom development and treatment.
Diverticular disease of the colon is a common disease worldwide. Although the disease is asymptomatic in about 70-80 % of patients, it represents, at least in Western countries, one of the most important gastrointestinal diseases in terms of direct and indirect health costs. Pathogenesis of the disease is still unknown. However, it is the result of complex interactions between colonic structure, intestinal motility, diet and genetic factors. Whilst efficacious preventive strategies remain to be identified, fibre supplementation in the diet is recommended. Why symptoms develop is still unclear. Results of recent experimental studies on irritable bowel syndrome speculated that low grade inflammation of colonic mucosa, induced by changes in bacterial microflora, could affect the enteric nervous system, which is crucial for normal gut function, thus favouring symptom development. This hypothesis could be extrapolated also for diverticular disease, since bacterial overgrowth is present, at least in a subgroup of patients. These perspectives on symptom development are reviewed and new therapeutic approaches are hypothesized.
Colecchia
Antonio
A
Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology, University of Bologna, Italy.
Sandri
Lorenza
L
Capodicasa
Simona
S
Vestito
Amanda
A
Mazzella
Giuseppe
G
Staniscia
Tommaso
T
Roda
Enrico
E
Festi
Davide
D
D004239:Diverticulitis, Colonic / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D005762:Gastroenterology / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans