title: Rectal dihydroartemisinin versus intravenous quinine in the treatment of severe malaria: a randomised clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the clinical efficacy and safety of rectal dihydroartemisinin (DATM--Cotecxin) and intravenous quinine in the treatment of severe malaria in children and adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Moi Teaching and Referral Hospital, Eldoret, Kenya between July and November 1998.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of sixty seven patients aged two to sixty years with severe malaria were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an open randomised comparative clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  These were parasite clearance time, fever clearance time, efficacy and the side effect profile of the two drugs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups were comparable on admission on the clinical and laboratory parameters. The parasite clearance time was shorter in the rectal DATM group than quinine group. There was no statistical difference on the fever clearance time and cure rates in the two groups. The adverse reaction profile was better with rectal DATM than with quinine, tinnitus observed more in the quinine group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rectal DATM is faster in parasite clearance than quinine and is a safe and convenient alternative to quinine in the treatment of severe malaria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health and Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Moi University, P.O. Box 4606, Eldoret, Kenya.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Esamai
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ayuo
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Owino-Ongor
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rotich
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ngindu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Obala
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ogaro
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quoqiao
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xingbo
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guangqian
mesh_terms: D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011803:Quinine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; C039060:artenimol; D011803:Quinine