title: Seventeen-point dermal ultrasound scoring system--a reliable measure of skin thickness in patients with systemic sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to develop a 17-site ultrasound method of measuring skin thickness in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) and to assess its inter- and intra-observer variability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dermal thickness (using a 22 MHz ultrasound probe) was measured at 17 sites (corresponding to those assessed in the modified Rodnan skin score) in 39 patients with SSc (26 limited cutaneous, 13 diffuse) and 34 healthy controls. The sum of the thicknesses (at the 17 sites) and the maximal thickness were also documented. Because skin thickness varies between sites, each measurement was converted to a z-score. Inter- and intra-observer variability were assessed in 35 patients/33 controls, and 20 patients/15 controls respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Measurement precision was good for the dermal measurements-intraclass correlation coefficients at the 17 sites ranged from 0.65 to 0.94 for the inter-observer variability (0.86 for maximum thickness) and from 0.55 to 0.96 for the intra-observer variability (0.92 for maximum thickness).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that the 17-point dermal ultrasound scoring system is extremely reliable and may therefore be a useful measure of outcome, including in clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester Rheumatic Diseases Centre, Hope Hospital, Salford, UK.
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lunt
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: McManus
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Herrick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004817:Epidermis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D045745:Scleroderma, Limited / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D012867:Skin / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014463:Ultrasonography