title: T:G mismatch-specific thymine-DNA glycosylase potentiates transcription of estrogen-regulated genes through direct interaction with estrogen receptor alpha.
abstract: Nuclear receptors (NR) classically regulate gene expression by stimulating transcription upon binding to their cognate ligands. It is now well established that NR-mediated transcriptional activation requires the recruitment of coregulator complexes, which facilitate recruitment of the basal transcription machinery through direct interactions with the basal transcription machinery and/or through chromatin remodeling. However, a number of recently described NR coactivators have been implicated in cross-talk with other nuclear processes including RNA splicing and DNA repair. T:G mismatch-specific thymine DNA glycosylase (TDG) is required for base excision repair of deaminated methylcytosine. Here we show that TDG is a coactivator for estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha). We demonstrate that TDG interacts with ERalpha in vitro and in vivo and suggest a separate role for TDG to its established role in DNA repair. We show that this involves helix 12 of ERalpha. The region of interaction in TDG is mapped to a putative alpha-helical motif containing a motif distinct from but similar to the LXXLL motif that mediates interaction with NR. Together with recent reports linking TFIIH in regulating NR function, our findings provide new data to further support an important link between DNA repair proteins and nuclear receptor function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Dongsheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Marie J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lucey
authors.forename: Fladia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Phoenix
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lopez-Garcia
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Régine
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Losson
authors.forename: Lakjaya
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buluwela
authors.forename: R Charles
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Coombes
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chambon
authors.forename: Primo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schär
authors.forename: Simak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ali
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D019556:COS Cells; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; D004260:DNA Repair; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008024:Ligands; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry*; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011485:Protein Binding; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D012326:RNA Splicing; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013936:Thymidine / Q000737:chemistry; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D004967:Estrogens; D008024:Ligands; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA; D015500:Chloramphenicol O-Acetyltransferase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; D009699:N-Glycosyl Hydrolases; D013936:Thymidine