title: Cancer of the penis at Kenyatta National Hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine how common cancer of penis is in this locality compared to all other malignant tumours and urological malignancies, and to determine and comment on the various methods of treatment available at KNH.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kenyatta National Referral Hospital, Nairobi.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients with histologically confirmed cancer of penis at the Kenyatta National hospital between January 1970 and December 1999.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 55 patients with penile cancer representing 0.1% of all malignancies during the study period. The mean age was 47.9 years with a peak incidence between 40-61 year age groups. Penile cancer was the most rare urological tumour representing 5.1%. The most common was prostate cancer (56.0%), followed by bladder cancer (25.0%), kidney cancer (7.9%), and testicular cancer (6.1%). Thirty eight patients (69.1%) presented with advanced disease, Jacksons stages III and IV. The majority (96.4%) of the patients had glandular and preputial involvement. Histologically, 56.4% had well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma, (23.6%) had moderately differentiated and (20.0%) had undifferentiated carcinoma. Forty patients (72.7%) were circumcised, nine patients (16.4%) were circumcised as adolescents and three patients (5.5%) circumcised as adults. Twenty five patients had partial penectomy with radiotherapy and or chemotherapy. Eight patients had total penectomy and radiotherapy while four patients had local excision and radiotherapy. Eleven other patients had radiotherapy either alone or combined with chemotherapy. Two patients had circumcision only and inguinal lymphadenectomy was effected on five patients after penectomy and radiotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Penile cancer is rare and the least common urological malignancy in this locality. It occurs in younger men with a mean age of 47.9 years, and presents as advanced Jackson's stages III and IV disease. The majority of patients had penectomy and local excision followed by radiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676, Nairobi.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Magoha
authors.forename: Z W
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Ngumi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007630:Kenya / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010412:Penile Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies