title: Serum procalcitonin and interleukin-6 levels may help to differentiate systemic inflammatory response of infectious and non-infectious origin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of using procalcitonin (PCT) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) to differentiate sepsis from non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We made a prospective study in a general intensive care unit at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Twenty patients with sepsis and 31 patients with non-infectious SIRS were enrolled in this study. Serum concentrations of PCT, IL-6 and C-reactive protein (CRP) were determined within 24 h after clinical onset of sepsis or non-infectious SIRS. Leukocyte count, percentage of neutrophils, and absolute neutrophil count, as well as maximal body temperature were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum concentrations of PCT, IL-6, and CRP, as well as maximal body temperature, were significantly higher in septic patients [3.6 (1.8, 27.5) micro g/L, 810 +/- 516 ng/L, 180 +/- 108 g/L, 38.6 +/- 1.2 degrees C] than non-infectious SIRS patients [0.5 (0.2, 1.8) micro g/L, 235 +/- 177 ng/L, 109 +/- 70 g/L, 37.9 +/- 0.9 degrees C]. IL-6 and PCT exhibited the best discriminative power between sepsis and non-infectious SIRS, with sensitivity above 80% and specificity above 70%. A sepsis score with combination of IL-6 and PCT showed the best discriminative power with the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.923.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessing IL-6 and PCT levels are more reliable ways to differentiate sepsis from non-infectious SIRS, compared with conventional inflammatory parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Critical Care Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China. dubin98@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Jiaqi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Dechang
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000097:blood*; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood*; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood*; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: C000606589:CALCA protein, human; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011498:Protein Precursors; D002116:Calcitonin; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide