title: Acetylsalicylic acid pretreatment, concomitant heparin therapy and the risk of early intracranial hemorrhage following systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The risk of intracerebral hemorrhage in systemic thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke after acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) pretreatment or with subsequent heparin is controversially discussed.
  
  
  METHODS
  300 consecutive stroke patients were treated with recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA) in a prospective open study (92 pretreated with ASA, 202 ASA nonusers) with 3 months of follow-up. After thrombolysis, 122 patients received low-dose, 153 patients high-dose heparin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Logistic regression analysis showed no relationship of hemorrhagic complications within the first 48 h to ASA pretreatment (p = 0.15), or heparin application (p = 0.38), but dependency on stroke severity (NIHSS) at baseline (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ASA pretreatment does not increase the risk of symptomatic bleeding after systemic thrombolysis with rt-PA, even if thrombolysis is followed by anticoagulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schmülling
authors.forename: Jobst
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rudolf
authors.forename: Timm
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Strotmann-Tack
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grond
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schneweis
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sobesky
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thiel
authors.forename: Wolf-Dieter
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Heiss
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006493:Heparin; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D001241:Aspirin