title: Beta-funaltrexamine affects cocaine self-administration in rats responding on a progressive ratio schedule of reinforcement.
abstract: Many studies have shown interactions between mu-opiates and the mesolimbic dopamine (DA) system. Mu-opiate receptor antagonists have been reported to either increase or decrease the rate of cocaine self-administration, and the interpretation of these data has been difficult. In an attempt to further characterize and localize the effect of opiate receptor blockade on the reinforcing effects of cocaine, the mu-opiate irreversible antagonist beta-funaltrexamine (betaFNA) was administered locally to different regions of the mesocorticolimbic system. Microinjection of betaFNA into the ventral tegmental area (VTA) or the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) had no effect on cocaine self-administration under a fixed ratio (FR) schedule of reinforcement. However, blockade of opiate receptors in both brain regions did attenuate responding for cocaine maintained by a progressive ratio (PR) schedule. Administration of betaFNA in the dorsal striatum had no effect under either schedule condition. The present findings suggest that endogenous opiate systems within the mesolimbic DA system modulate the reinforcing effects of cocaine; however, this modulation seems to be schedule dependent.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Program, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Sara Jane
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: David C S
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017072:Neostriatum; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012055:Reinforcement Schedule; D012646:Self Administration; D017557:Ventral Tegmental Area
chemical_list: D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009271:Naltrexone; C024524:beta-funaltrexamine; D003042:Cocaine