title: The pathogenesis and diagnosis of foot-and-mouth disease.
abstract: The pathogenesis of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is reviewed, taking account of knowledge gained from field and experimental studies and embracing investigations at the level of the virus, the cell, the organ, the whole animal and the herd or flock. The review also addresses the immune response and the carrier state in FMD. Progress made in understanding the pathogenesis of the disease is highlighted in relation to developments in diagnosis and methods of control.
authors.affiliation: Pirbright Laboratory, Institute for Animal Health, Ash Road, Pirbright, Woking, Surrey GU24 ONF, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alexandersen
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Donaldson
authors.forename: A J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Garland
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002353:Carrier State; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*