Combined use of serum and urinary antibody for diagnosis of tuberculosis.
Efforts to devise immunoassays for tuberculosis (TB) that can be adapted to rapid formats are ongoing. The present study was aimed at determining whether urinary anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis antibodies are present in patients with TB, to evaluate the feasibility of developing a urine antibody-based diagnostic test. Urinary antibodies directed against the culture filtrate proteins of M. tuberculosis, MPT 32, and the 81-kDa GlcB protein were detectable in patients with TB, although the sensitivity of antibody detection was lower (53%-64%), compared with serum antibodies (68%-77%). Surprisingly, with all 3 antigens, the use of paired serum and urine samples provided higher sensitivities of antibody detection than either single specimen, and anti-GlcB antibodies were present in the serum and/or urine of 39 (90%) of 43 smear-positive patients with TB. Although, with the current methods and antigens, the level of sensitivity is insufficient to design a urinary antibody diagnostic test, these studies provide the foundation for further studies on the development of a urine antibody-based immunoassay for TB.
Singh
Krishna K
KK
Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Dong
Yuxin
Y
Hinds
Laura
L
Keen
Marc A
MA
Belisle
John T
JT
Zolla-Pazner
Susan
S
Achkar
Jacqueline M
JM
Nadas
Arthur J
AJ
Arora
Vijay K
VK
Laal
Suman
S
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000652:urine
C095715:45-47 kDa antigen complex, Mycobacterium; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C411108:Mtb81 protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis