title: Treatment of "swing point stenoses" in hemodialysis arteriovenous fistulae.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This is a retrospective study of percutaneous transluminal balloon angioplasty (PTA) efficacy for treatment of surgical vein mobilization site ("swing point") stenoses in hemodialysis arteriovenous fistulae (AVF) that fail to mature or are poorly functioning.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between February 1, 1999, and February 28, 2001, 65 non-maturing or poorly functioning AVF were studied in 63 consecutive hemodialysis patients (30 male, 33 female, aged 26-92 years). All AVF underwent contrast angiography to study the inflow artery, AVF, outflow and central veins. PTA of stenotic sites was performed to initiate or restore AVF function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-eight venous and 2 arterial stenoses were found and treated with PTA in the 65 AVF. All PTA were technically successful. A total of 55 stenoses were identified in the vein at the site of surgical mobilization ("swing point"). Additionally, 19 cephalic and 4 central venous stenoses were found. During the study, 13 AVF underwent repeat PTA at the "swing point". Of the 65 AVF treated, 50 were being successfully used as an access site, 4 AVF were lost during follow-up (34-688 days; mean: 258 days) and 8 patients died within the study period. The duration of functional patency of the treated AVF was 39-660 days (mean: 280 days).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-maturing or poorly functioning AVF frequently have stenoses in the outflow vein at the original site of surgical vein mobilization. These "swing point stenoses" are amenable to PTA, which is a safe and effective treatment for prolonging AVF patency and function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mount Sinai-NYU Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA. abigailfalk123@pol.net
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Teodorescu
authors.forename: W Y W
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Uribarri
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Vassalotti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D001132:Arm / Q000098:blood supply; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; D003974:Diatrizoate Meglumine; D005260:Female; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014654:Vascular Patency
chemical_list: D003974:Diatrizoate Meglumine