title: Pars plana vitrectomy assisted by triamcinolone acetonide for refractory uveitis: a case series study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the outcome of a triamcinolone acetonide (TA) assisted pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) for refractory uveitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients suffering from proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) with refractory uveitis underwent a TA assisted PPV. The patients consisted of one with Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, one with acute retinal necrosis, one with Behçet's disease, and three with sarcoidosis. TA was inoculated into the vitreous cavity to visualise the vitreous. In four of six patients, 4 mg of TA were intentionally left in the vitreous cavity to reduce the degree of postoperative inflammation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The vitreous body was clearly seen using TA during surgery, which greatly helped us to perform a posterior hyaloid resection safely and thoroughly. As we previously observed in other disease, TA allowed us to visualise the transparent vitreous and thus was helpful in removing the vitreous cortex from the retina completely in uveitis. One patient (Behçet's disease, in whom TA was intentionally left) showed an elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) transiently after surgery which was controllable by topical eye drops. The remaining TA diminished day by day and had almost completely disappeared within a month from operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TA improved the visibility of the hyaloid and the safety of the surgical procedures and no serious complications were observed after TA assisted PPV in uveitis. Although the long term effects are still unknown, this method appears to be potentially useful as an improved treatment for PVR associated with refractory uveitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan. sonodak@med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K-H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Sonoda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Enaida
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Y-I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014605:Uveitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide