title: Assessment of skin lesions and skin cancer using simple electrical impedance indices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Purpose of this investigation was to assess benign pigmented cellular nevus (BEN), basal cell carcinoma (BCC), dermatofibroma (DER), dysplastic nevus (DYS), and seborrheic keratoses (SEB) using in vivo non- invasive electrical impedance technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electrical impedance was measured at 258 BEN, 34 BCC, 17 DER, 35 DYS, and 26 SEB lesions. Controls were measured at healthy skin close to the lesions. The impedance was measured between 1 kHz and 1 MHz at five depth settings. After the impedance measurements the lesions were histopathologically diagnosed. The impedance spectra were parameterized to four indices prior to the statistical analysis of the data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences between the lesions and their controls for BEN (P < 0.001), BCC (P < 0.001), DYS (P < 0.01), and SEB (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are clear statistical differences between impedance of common lesions and control skin. With some further developments, the impedance technique can be useful as a diagnostic decision support tool for skin cancer assessment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Engineering, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden. peter.aberg@labtek.ki.se
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aberg
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nicander
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Holmgren
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Geladi
authors.forename: Stig
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ollmar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017097:Electric Impedance; D004568:Electrodiagnosis / Q000295:instrumentation; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*