title: [A small dose of intraperitoneal injection of zymosan induces systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ dysfunction following gut ischemia-reperfusion injury].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of a small dose of intraperitoneal injection of zymosan following gut ischemia-reperfusion injury on systemic inflammatory response and distant organ function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups: gut ischemia-reperfusion injury (I-R) alone, intraperitoneal injection of zymosan (Z) alone, and gut ischemia-reperfusion followed by intraperitoneal injection of zymosan (M). Gut (I-R) was produced by occluding superior mesenteric artery for 60 minutes followed by gut reperfusion. A small dose(125 mg/kg) of zymosan was given intraperitoneally at 12 hours after recovery of gut blood flow.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systemic inflammatory responses were found in all rats of three groups. The plasma level of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and activities of myeloperoxidase in lungs and intestines were significantly higher in animals in M group compared with those in I-R and Z groups. The incidence of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) and mortality rate at 72 hours postinjury in two-hits group were significantly higher than those in I-R and Z group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A small dose of intraperitoneal injection of zymosan could induce systemic inflammatory response and multiple organ dysfunction more readily when there is a precedent gut ischemia-reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: 304th Hospital of People's Liberation Army, Beijing 100037, China.
authors.forename: Sen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Zhi-yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Sheng
authors.forename: Jun-you
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jiang-yang
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Xiao-guo
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008297:Male; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D015054:Zymosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D015054:Zymosan