title: [Carotid-carotid bypass. Indications and results].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to evaluate the indications for a carotid-carotid bypass and its therapeutic efficacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1995 and December 2001, 42 out of 782 patients with obstructive lesions of carotid vessels were submitted to carotid-carotid bypass. Preoperative investigations included Duplex scanning, transcranial Doppler and cerebral CT in all the patients, angiography in 24, spiral CT in 8, MR angiography in 6. Carotid bypass was planned pre-operatively in 13 cases due to internal carotid occlusion in 4, to pseudo-occlusion in 8 and to restenosis in 1. In the remaining 29, due to a too thin residual wall or to the lack of a good clivage plane, a carotid bypass was planned intraoperatively. A PTFE graft was employed in 30 cases while the autologous saphenous vein in 12. Four patients were lost in a 12-80-month follow-up. No intra or postoperative mortality was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three patients died during the follow-up. In 1 patient the death followed an ischemic stroke due to bypass occlusion. Four bypasses became occluded, in 3 cases without clinical signs. Eight patients suffered by transient superior laryngeal nerve iniury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carotid bypass, as an alternative to CEA, provides good results in the treatment of the patients with carotid stenosis, pseudo-occlusion or segmental occlusion. In most of the cases the surgical technique is planned intraoperatively but in selected cases angiographic findings, spiral CT and color flow duplex can suggest in the preoperative phase that carotid bypass is the best choice.
authors.affiliation: II Cattedra di Chirurgia Vascolare, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Irace
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stumpo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Trenti
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Fornasin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laurito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benedetti-Valentini
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Iocca
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Dionisi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Benedetti-Valentini
mesh_terms: D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000601:surgery*; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures