title: A role for NF-kappaB essential modifier/IkappaB kinase-gamma (NEMO/IKKgamma) ubiquitination in the activation of the IkappaB kinase complex by tumor necrosis factor-alpha.
abstract: NEMO (NF-kappaB essential modifier)/IKKgamma (IkappaB kinase-gamma) is required for the activation of the IkappaB kinase complex (IKK) by inflammatory stimuli such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha). Here we show that TNF-alpha stimulates the ubiquitination of NEMO in a manner that does not appear to target it for degradation and that is impaired by mutations in the NEMO zinc finger. Mutations of the zinc finger are found in patients with hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (HED-ID) and lead to the impairment of TNF-alpha-stimulated IKK phosphorylation and activation. In addition, the ubiquitination of NEMO is mediated by c-IAP1, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein that is a component of the TNF receptor signaling complex. Thus, the ubiquitination of NEMO mediated by c-IAP1 likely plays an important role in the activation of IKK by TNF-alpha. Also, defective NEMO ubiquitination may be responsible for the impaired cellular NF-kappaB signaling found in patients with HED-ID.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA. edtang@umich.edu
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Cun-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Kun-Liang
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Guan
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes / Q000502:physiology; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D025801:Ubiquitin; C097310:UBE2D3 protein, human; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; C494833:BIRC2 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C496559:CHUK protein, human; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496560:IKBKB protein, human; C496565:IKBKE protein, human