title: Paraneoplastic syndromes: detection of malignant tumors using [(18)F]FDG-PET.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Paraneoplastic syndromes (PS) comprise a variety of clinical symptoms and diseases associated with underlying malignancy. Differentiation towards benign autoimmune diseases is necessary due to different therapeutic options. This diagnostic challenge includes cost- and time-consuming methods and is not successful in many cases. The aim of this study was the evaluation of [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography ([(18)F]FDG-PET) for detecting or ruling out malignancy in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this retrospective work-up a total of 30 patients with suspected PS (m:f = 17:13, mean age 55, range 22-76 years) were examined with [(18)F]FDG-PET between 1996 and 2001. Diagnoses were erythrodermia, cerebellar degeneration, dermatomyositis, polyneuropathia and others. PET scans were compared to histopathological (n=14), radiological and follow up data (mean follow up 3.6 years, range 1-6 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 7 out of 30 patients (23%) an underlying malignancy was detected. Six out of 7 malignant neoplasms showed a distinctly increased glucose consumption. One benign neoplasm caused increased tracer uptake, another PET positive patient refused biopsy and showed no growth of a malignant tumour during clinical follow up of 28 months. The remaining 21 patients without suspicious glucose consumption did not demonstrate a malignancy in other diagnostic modalities or during subsequent clinical follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  [(18)F]FDG-PET seems to be a useful tool in the diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected paraneoplastic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hospital of the Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany. u.berner@em.uni-frankfurt.de
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Menzel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rinne
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kriener
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamscho
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Döbert
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Diehl
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaufmann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grünwald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D011859:Radiography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18