title: Long-term durability of the Hancock II porcine bioprosthesis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Survival and prosthetic complications of patients receiving the Hancock II second-generation bioprosthesis (Medtronic, Inc, Minneapolis, Minn) in the aortic, mitral, mitral-aortic, and tricuspid positions were analyzed at 15 years' follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between May 1983 and December 1993, 212 patients (104 men and 108 women; mean age, 63 +/- 9 years; age range, 29-81 years) received 66 aortic, 114 mitral, 26 mitral-aortic, and 6 tricuspid Hancock II valves. Thirty-one percent of patients had previous valve operations, 15% had concomitant cardiac procedures, and 87% were in New York Heart Association class III or IV. Follow-up included 1704 patient-years and was 98% complete, with a median of 9 patient-years (range, 0.013-17.4 years). Forty-six patients were at risk at 14 to 15 years, and 30 were at risk after 15 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred twenty-two (57%) of 212 patients died, 20 of them perioperatively. Fifteen-year actuarial Kaplan-Meier survival was 35.2% +/- 3.8%, and freedom from valve-related mortality was 84% +/- 3.5%, with no difference on the basis of position or age (<65 or >or=65 years). Percentages for freedom from thromboembolism, anticoagulant-related hemorrhage, endocarditis, and paravalvular leak were, respectively, 78.2% +/- 4%, 83.5% +/- 3.6%, 95.7% +/- 2%, and 97.3% +/- 1.4%, with no significant difference between the aortic and mitral positions. Freedom from structural valve deterioration was 71.8% +/- 5.6%: 88.9% +/- 6.2% in the aortic position versus 59.5% +/- 3.9% in the mitral position (P =.01) and 64.3% +/- 3% in the mitral-aortic position. In patients younger than 65 years, actual freedom from structural valve deterioration was less than that seen in older patients (84.5% +/- 3.5% vs 95% +/- 3.0%) and was better in the aortic versus the mitral position (92% +/- 4.5% vs 82% +/- 4.2%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Hancock II porcine valve showed excellent 15-year durability. We recommend its use in patients 65 years of age, as well as in younger patients undergoing aortic replacement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Padua Medical School, Italy. giulio.rizzoli@unipd.it
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rizzoli
authors.forename: Tomaso
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bottio
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thiene
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Toscano
authors.forename: Dino
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Casarotto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D004389:Durable Medical Equipment; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012086:Reoperation; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013995:Time; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants