title: Development of selective, visible light-excitable, fluorescent magnesium ion probes with a novel fluorescence switching mechanism.
abstract: Novel fluorescent Mg2+ probes, 2'-carboxyfluorescein (2'-CF) and its derivatives, that are excitable by visible light, were designed, synthesized and characterized. After complexation with Mg2+, the absorption and emission maxima of these fluorescent probes were red-shifted and the fluorescence intensity was increased 11-fold at neutral pH. The apparent dissociation constant (Kd) of the Mg2+-2'-CF complex was 15.8 mM at neutral pH. The Kd of the Ca2+-2'-CF complex was about 10 times larger than that of the Mg2+ complex and the other derivatives showed similar characteristics. In contrast, all the commercially available fluorescent Mg2+ probes have a higher affinity for Ca2+ than Mg2+. 2'-CF fluoresced in alkaline solution (pH > 8) and the pK, value was 8.8. The pKa value of the Mg2+-2'-CF complex was 6.8, and the fluorescence intensity was increased in the neutral conditions. Thus, the addition of Mg2+ resulted in a lowering of the pKa, and also an increase of the fluorescence intensity.
authors.affiliation: The Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan. ff17005@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shoda
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Hirotatsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Yasuteru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urano
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagano
mesh_terms: D019793:Fluorescein / Q000032:analysis; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C477780:2'-carboxyfluorescein; D008274:Magnesium; D019793:Fluorescein