title: Development of a leishmaniasis vaccine: the importance of MPL.
abstract: The parasite Leishmania has been used for pioneering work to define T-cell subsets and cytokine patterns mediating susceptibility or resistance to infectious pathogens. This understanding has been essential for the development of a new generation of candidate vaccines for major diseases, such as leishmaniases themselves, tuberculosis and others. It is clear that effective vaccines can be developed through a combination of both antigen and adjuvant selection. Until recently, no adjuvants acceptable for use in human T-cell vaccines were available. However, one such adjuvant, monophosphoryl lipid A, has been shown to be safe and effective. Just as the understanding of T-cell responses has been necessary for the development of a new generation of vaccines, an understanding of signaling by antigen-presenting cells has been essential for adjuvant selection. A combination of antigens and an adjuvant that is effective at promoting durable T-helper 1 responses and is safe for human use comprise a promising vaccine candidate, Leish-111f. This vaccine has potential application in both the prevention and treatment of leishmaniasis.
authors.affiliation: Corixa Corporation, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Steven G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Rhea N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Coler
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campos-Neto
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007891:Leishmania / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007896:Leishmaniasis / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D008050:Lipid A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D051379:Mice; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D008050:Lipid A; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines; C048436:monophosphoryl lipid A