title: Determining the position of the cell division plane.
abstract: Proper positioning of the cell division plane during mitosis is essential for determining the size and position of the two daughter cells--a critical step during development and cell differentiation. A bipolar microtubule array has been proposed to be a minimum requirement for furrow positioning in mammalian cells, with furrows forming at the site of microtubule plus-end overlap between the spindle poles. Observations in other species have suggested, however, that this may not be true. Here we show, by inducing mammalian tissue cells with monopolar spindles to enter anaphase, that furrow formation in cultured mammalian cells does not require a bipolar spindle. Unexpectedly, cytokinesis occurs at high frequency in monopolar cells. Division always occurs at a cortical position distal to the chromosomes. Analysis of microtubules during cytokinesis in cells with monopolar and bipolar spindles shows that a subpopulation of stable microtubules extends past chromosomes and binds to the cell cortex at the site of furrow formation. Our data are consistent with a model in which chromosomes supply microtubules with factors that promote microtubule stability and furrowing.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina, Department of Biology, 607 Fordham Hall, CB #3280, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27699-3280, USA.
authors.forename: Julie C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Canman
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Maddox
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Straight
authors.forename: Jennifer S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Tirnauer
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Mitchison
authors.forename: Guowei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Tarun M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Salmon
mesh_terms: D000705:Anaphase / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013871:Thiones / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D011743:Pyrimidines; D013871:Thiones; C400223:monastrol