title: Gene expression changes following androgen receptor elimination in LNCaP prostate cancer cells.
abstract: We have shown recently that inhibition of androgen receptor (AR) expression with an antisense AR oligonucleotide (ODN) inhibits LNCaP prostate tumor cells in vitro as well as in vivo. In this study, we investigated gene expression changes that occur after AR signaling blockade, either through AR elimination by antisense treatment or through complete androgen receptor inhibition by androgen deprivation combined with the antiandrogen bicalutamide, in order to search for genes that are directly or indirectly regulated through the AR. Gene expression changes were investigated with cDNA NIH 10K gene microarrays in response to treatment over 48 h. Expression of selected genes was further analyzed by real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Western blotting, and radioimmunoassay. A comparison of antisense-treated and androgen-deprived cells revealed several concordances such as significant downregulation of prostate-specific genes, cell-cycle regulatory genes, genes of the cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, and several cytoskeletal genes. However, there were also several genes that were differentially regulated. Among the genes that were exclusively changed by treatment with the antisense AR ODN were the insulin-like growth factor binding protein 2 (IGFBP2) and the phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase type I alpha (PIP5KIA). On the other hand, complete androgen receptor blockade induced changes in the expression of the prostate overexpressed gene 1 and the S100 calcium binding protein P. In summary, we identified a cohort of interesting genes whose expression was highly affected by elimination of the AR in LNCaP prostate cancer cells. Further investigations are warranted to clarify their role in the AR signaling pathway and their susceptibility as a target for the treatment of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Iris E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Eder
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haag
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Basik
authors.forename: Spyro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mousses
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bektic
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartsch
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Klocker
mesh_terms: D000813:Anilides / Q000494:pharmacology; D003470:Culture Media; D015870:Gene Expression; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism*; D014105:Tosyl Compounds; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000813:Anilides; D003470:Culture Media; D009570:Nitriles; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D014105:Tosyl Compounds; C053541:bicalutamide