title: Appendicular fractures: a significant problem among institutionalized adults with developmental disabilities.
abstract: A high incidence of nontraumatic fracture in adults with developmental disabilities living in a state-run facility was described. Risk factors for fracture, including bone mineral density (BMD), were investigated to determine whether people at highest risk for fracture could be prospectively identified. There was a 7.3% incidence of fracture among 391 adults. Risk factors were examined for 23 residents with fracture and 23 age-, race-, and gender-matched controls. There was a trend for antiepileptic medication usage to be associated with fractures. Estimated BMD by heel ultrasound did not predict fracture; however, values were much lower than those for the general population. Fractures and low BMD are significant problems among institutionalized adults with severe developmental disabilities. Further studies to identify therapies to prevent fractures are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Memphis Metabolic Bone Center, University of Tennessee, Memphis, TN 38163, USA. kryder@utmem.edu
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Ryder
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Womack
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nasef
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Tylavsky
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Carbone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015519:Bone Density; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007326:Institutionalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants