title: Nucleotide binding site/leucine-rich repeats, Pto-like and receptor-like kinases related to disease resistance in grapevine.
abstract: Nucleotide Binding Site/Leucine-Rich Repeat (NBS-LRR) and Serine/Threonine Kinase (STK) genes are two of the known classes of resistance (R-) genes in plants, and occur in large multigene families. Systematic identification of genes for NBS-LRRs and STKs provides a means of access to genomic regions that may be involved in disease resistance. Here we present a picture of these two families of R-gene analogs (RGAs) in grape with the aim of developing a set of resistance-related sequence-tagged-site (STS) markers. One hundred and three NBS-LRR sequences were isolated. They included members of the CC (coiled-coil) and TIR (Toll-interleukin receptor) sub-classes. A comparative analysis with other angiosperm NBSs is provided. Fifty-three genes for receptor-like kinases (RLKs) with serine/threonine specificity were identified. RLK sequences formed a putative monophyletic group within the kinase superfamily. They were similar to both cytoplasmic RLKs, such as Pto, and RLKs with LRR, S-locus, lectin-like and thaumatin-like extracellular binding-domains. The latter resembled the products of the R-related genes Xa21, FLS2, Rlk10, SFR2, and PR5K. Forty-five reference RGAs were converted into STSs by using appropriately designed specific primers. RGA-STSs were present in diverse grape genotypes, and >85% of the primers were capable of amplifying the STSs across the taxa Vitis and Muscadinia. DNA sequence polymorphism among these RGAs was assessed by SSCP (single-strand conformation polymorphism) analysis in over 20 Vitis spp. Finally, 45 universal primers for grape RGAs are proposed that should permit tagging of R-related regions in any grape genome.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale e Tecnologie Agrarie, Università di Udine, Via delle Scienze 208, 33100 Udine, Italy. gabriele.digaspero@dpvta.uniud.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Di Gaspero
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cipriani
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D017343:Genes, Plant; D005819:Genetic Markers; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D007930:Leucine; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; D008957:Models, Genetic; D005810:Multigene Family; D009711:Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D020449:Repetitive Sequences, Amino Acid; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D016324:Sequence Tagged Sites; D027843:Vitis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D000090263:Leucine-Rich Repeat Proteins; D009711:Nucleotides; D011506:Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D007930:Leucine