title: Enhancement of aminopeptidase A expression during angiotensin II-induced choriocarcinoma cell proliferation through AT1 receptor involving protein kinase C- and mitogen-activated protein kinase-dependent signaling pathway.
abstract: Angiotensin II (Ang II) is a bioactive peptide of the renin-angiotensin system, exerting its actions not only as a vasoconstrictor, but also as a growth promoter. In human placenta, type 1 Ang II receptors (AT(1)R) are predominantly expressed in trophoblasts, and we previously reported that aminopeptidase A (APA), a cell surface peptidase that converts Ang II to Ang III, is also expressed in both normal and neoplastic trophoblasts. However, the roles of Ang II and APA in trophoblast function remain to be clarified. In the present study we examined the effects of Ang II on proliferation and APA expression in trophoblast-like BeWo choriocarcinoma cells. Treatment of BeWo cells with Ang II significantly increased DNA synthesis in a dose-dependent manner. Ang II also enhanced APA mRNA and cell surface expression in BeWo cells analyzed by Northern blotting, flow cytometry, and enzyme activity assay. The Ang II-induced proliferation and APA up-regulation were blocked by the AT(1)R antagonist candesartan, but not by the AT(2)R antagonist PD123319. Furthermore, these Ang II effects were abolished by the protein kinase C inhibitor bisindolylmaleimide I and the MAPK inhibitor PD98059. Immunohistochemistry using choriocarcinoma tissues demonstrated that APA was expressed on the cell surface of AT(1)R-positive cytotrophoblastic cells in vivo. With these findings we demonstrate that Ang II stimulates the proliferation of trophoblastic cells via AT(1)R that are linked to protein kinase C /MAPK-dependent signaling pathways, and that the Ang II-degrading enzyme APA is up-regulated during Ang II-induced cell proliferation. These observations suggest the possible regulatory mechanism by the local renin-angiotensin system, especially the Ang II-AT(1)R-APA system, for the growth of human choriocarcinoma cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. kazuino@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ino
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: Fumitaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kikkawa
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kajiyama
authors.forename: Kiyosumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Ei Ei
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Khin
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Mikihito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Itakura
authors.forename: Shigehiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mizutani
mesh_terms: D000626:Aminopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002822:Choriocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D043384:Glutamyl Aminopeptidase; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology*; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D044140:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 1; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000804:Angiotensin II; D012313:RNA; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000626:Aminopeptidases; D043384:Glutamyl Aminopeptidase