title: Bivalvular mechanical mitral-aortic valve replacement in 254 patients: long-term results--a 22-year follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have retrospectively studied 254 patients who underwent a bivalvular mechanical mitral-aortic replacement in the cardiovascular and thoracic surgery unit of Nantes from 1979 to 1989. The follow-up was 22 years (1979 to 2001). The last patient was operated on 12 years before the end of the follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  All mitral prostheses were St. Jude Medical (SJM) bileaflet valves, and the aortic prostheses were 124 monodisc Björk-Shiley valves, 3 Sorin prostheses, and 127 St. Jude Medical bileaflet prostheses. The mean age was 56.8 +/- 8.5 years with a sex ratio equal to 1. Rheumatism as the etiology predominated with 79.5%. Ninety-seven percent of the patients were followed for a total of 2,779 patient-years and a mean of 11.7 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Operative mortality was 7.08%. Freedom from overall mortality and valve-related mortality at 22 years were 45.7% +/- 3.6% and 73.1% +/- 3%, respectively. The linearized rates of thromboembolic and hemorrhagic events were 1.07% and 0.9% per patient-year, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed age (p < 0.002), sex (p < 0.01), and degenerative etiology (p = 0.04) as independent factors of late mortality, and age, sex, degenerative disease, and tricuspid pathology were related to valve-related mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows good results after mechanical mitral-aortic replacement in terms of survival rate and quality of life in surviving patients, and outlines the factors influencing long-term results as compared with isolated mitral valve replacement.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Surgery Unit, G and R Läennec University Hospital, Nantes, France. remadi.jean-paul@chu-amiens.fr
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Remadi
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tribouilloy
authors.forename: Jean C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Roussel
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Al-Habasch
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Despins
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Duveau
mesh_terms: D000206:Actuarial Analysis; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001705:Bioprosthesis; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome