title: Ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol as potent modulators on arsenic induced toxicity in mitochondria.
abstract: Arsenic exists ubiquitously in our environment and various forms of arsenic circulate in air, water, soil and living organisms. Since arsenic compounds have shown to exert their toxicity chiefly by generating reactive oxygen species, we have evaluated the effect of antioxidants ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol on lipid peroxidation, antioxidants and mitochondrial enzymes in liver and kidney of arsenic exposed rats. A significant increase in the level of lipid peroxidation and decrease in the levels of antioxidants and in the activities of mitochondrial enzymes were observed in arsenic intoxicated rats. Co-administration of arsenic treated rats with ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol showed significant reduction in the level of lipid peroxidation and elevation in the levels of ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, glutathione and total sulfhydryls and in the activities of isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinate dehydrogenase, NADH-dehydrogenase and cytochrome c oxidase. From our results, we conclude that ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol alleviate arsenic- induced alterations in mitochondria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr. AL Mudaliar Post Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Kadirvel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ramanathan
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shila
authors.forename: Sundaram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumaran
authors.forename: Chinnakkannu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Panneerselvam
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001151:Arsenic / Q000633:toxicity*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000378:metabolism; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D007655:Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D007521:Isocitrate Dehydrogenase; D007655:Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D001151:Arsenic; D001205:Ascorbic Acid