title: [Study on etiology of retinoic acid-induced cleft palate in mouse].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the morphologic changes of embryonic palatal development exposed to retinoic acid (RA) in mouse, and to detect the significance of the expression of TGFbeta1, TGFbeta3, EGF and BCL2.
  
  
  METHODS
  The stage of palatal development was examined by light microscopy. S-P immunohistochemistry and in-situ hybridization was used to detect spatio-temporal patterns of expression of TGFbeta1, TGFbeta3, EGF and BCL2 in embryonic palate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fetus exposed to RA resulted in formation of small palatal shelves without contact and fusion of each other to form and intact palate. RA can regulate the embryonic palatal expression of genes involved in RA-induced cleft palate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RA can inhibit the proliferation of MEPM cell to form small palatal shelves and induce abnormal differentiation of MEE cell causing the bi-palatal shelves no contact and fuse with each other, then induce the formation of cleft palate. RA can regulate the spatio-temporal patterns of expression of TGFbeta1, TGFbeta3 and EGF in embryonic palatal processes and the change of special expression of these genes in embryonic palatal processes are involved in RA-induced cleft palate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yet-sen University, Guangzhou 510120, China.
authors.forename: Hong-zhang
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Bao-hui
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Lü
authors.forename: Yi-yang
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gui-qing
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000209:etiology; D000818:Animals; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000196:embryology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010159:Palate / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014212:Tretinoin; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor