title: Clinical significance of allelotype profiling for urothelial carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a global loss of heterozygosity (LOH) analysis on a cohort of urothelial carcinoma to investigate the clinical implication of specific chromosomal loss. Allelic deletions detected as LOH have been used to study the markers for carcinogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the allelic loss on 14 chromosomal regions in a total of 71 cases of urothelial carcinoma. The results were analyzed in relation to biologic indicators of urothelial carcinoma and the clinical outcome with a mean follow-up of 101 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of LOH in order of frequency was 9p (54.9%), 9q (49.3%), 13q (40.8%), 14q (40.8%), 10q (39.4%), 17p (39.4%), 8p (38.0%), 21q (36.6%), 11p (31.0%), 18q (23.9%), 4q (21.1%), 3p (16.9%), 6q (14.1%), and 1q (8.5%). Positive association with one of the indicators was observed in 3p, 9p, 9q, 10q, 14q, and 18q. The chromosomes that correlated with two biologic indicators were 4q, 6q, 11p, 17p, and 21q. Univariate analysis found that patients having combined 9p and 14q deleted tumors had particularly poor long-term survival compared with those with other patterns of chromosomal alterations (P = 0.01). In the multivariate model, nonpapillary tumors had a greater risk of recurrence, and stage classification was the only important indicator in predicting patient survival (P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LOH assessment does not provide independent prognostic value compared with stage classification. However, chromosomes 4q, 6q, 9p, 11p, 14q, 17p, and 21q may harbor important tumor suppressor genes involved in the progression of urothelial carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzong-Shin
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Tzai
authors.forename: Helen Hai-Wen
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shih-Huang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Chung-Liang
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Yuh-Shyan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Hong-Lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yuan-Chang
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Johnny Shinn-Nan
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Wen-Hong
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Nan-Haw
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014516:Ureteral Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology