title: X-linked mild non-syndromic mental retardation with neuropsychiatric problems and the missense mutation A365E in PAK3.
abstract: We describe a family of 19 males in five generations with mild to borderline non-syndromic X-linked mental retardation (MRX). There were no clinical manifestations in the affected males other than mental impairment and relatively long ears, with neuropsychiatric problems in some cases. Linkage analysis carried out on part of the pedigree using 34 markers spanning the X chromosome localized the gene between DXS454 and DXS1001 in Xq23. The maximum two-point lod score was 3.21 at DXS1059. PAK3 is a known MRX gene mapping to the same region. The affected males and obligate carrier females were found to have a missense mutation c.1094C > A in exon 10 causing an A365E substitution in a highly conserved region of the protein. The C to A base change abolishes a PvuII restriction enzyme site providing the basis for a simple test, if required, for carrier detection and prenatal diagnosis in the extended family.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Medical Genetics, Department of Laboratory Genetics, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: Agi K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gedeon
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Jozef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gécz
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mulley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D005260:Female; D006580:Genetic Carrier Screening; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008126:Lod Score; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D038901:X-Linked Intellectual Disability / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010375:Pedigree; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D013577:Syndrome; D054462:p21-Activated Kinases
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054462:p21-Activated Kinases