title: Soluble Fas: a novel marker of inflammation in uremia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammation has been associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD) and anemia in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Recent studies have shown that serum levels of soluble Fas (sFas), an antiapoptotic and proinflammatory molecule, are elevated in patients with cardiac disease and patients with ESRD. We therefore sought to investigate serum levels of sFas in uremic patients and its correlation with known markers of inflammation, anemia and CVD.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 25 ESRD patients (14 on hemodialysis, 11 on CAPD), 27 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD; creatinine clearance <50 ml/min/1.73 m2), and 14 normal control subjects. We measured serum levels of sFas, C-reactive protein (CRP), and albumin. We also investigated the association of serum sFas levels with the presence of CVD and with erythropoietin (EPO) dosage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of sFas were elevated in CKD and ESRD patients compared to controls. sFas levels correlated negatively with creatinine clearance. In the dialysis patients, we observed that sFas levels were higher among those with CVD. Serum levels of sFas correlated with serum levels of CRP (r=0.31; P=0.03), serum levels of albumin (r=-0.35, P=0.02), and EPO dosage (r=0.51; P=0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that sFas may be a marker of inflammation in CKD and ESRD patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Aparecida
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dalboni
authors.forename: Camila
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sardenberg
authors.forename: Maria Claudia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Andreoli
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Maria Eugênia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Canziani
authors.forename: Bento F C dos
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Orfeas
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Liangos
authors.forename: Bertrand L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Jaber
authors.forename: Sérgio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Draibe
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cendoroglo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D014511:Uremia / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012709:Serum Albumin; D019014:fas Receptor; D002097:C-Reactive Protein