Clostridium caminithermale sp. nov., a slightly halophilic and moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from an Atlantic deep-sea hydrothermal chimney.
A strictly anaerobic, slightly halophilic and moderately thermophilic, sporulating rod designated strain DVird3T was isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal vent samples collected at a depth of approximately 800 m on the Atlantic Ocean Ridge. Strain DVird3T possessed a few laterally inserted flagella, had a DNA G + C content of 33.1 mol% and grew optimally at pH 6.6 and at 45 degrees C. Growth was observed at temperatures between 20 and 58 degrees C and at pH values between 5.8 and 8.2. The optimum NaCl concentration for growth was 3% sea salt (30 g l(-1)); no growth was observed in the presence of 15 or 60 g sea salt l(-1). Strain DVird3T is heterotrophic and utilizes some sugars and various single amino acids. Acetate was the main fatty acid detected from carbohydrate fermentation, together with H2 and CO2. Gelatin was used as an energy source. It performed the Stickland reaction. Phylogenetically, strain DVird3T branched with members of cluster XI of the order Clostridiales, with Clostridium halophilum as its closest relative (similarity of 94.6%). On the basis of its phenotypic, genotypic and phylogenetic characteristics, strain DVird3T (= DSM 15212T = CIP 107654T) is proposed as the type strain of a novel species of the genus Clostridium, Clostridium caminithermale sp. nov.
Brisbarre
Nadège
N
IRD, UR 101 Extrêmophiles, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, Marseille, France.
Fardeau
Marie-Laure
ML
IRD, UR 101 Extrêmophiles, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, Marseille, France.
Cueff
Valérie
V
IFREMER, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, Plouzané, France.
Cayol
Jean-Luc
JL
IRD, UR 101 Extrêmophiles, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, Marseille, France.
Barbier
Georges
G
IFREMER, Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, Plouzané, France.
Cilia
Valérie
V
Protéus S.A., Nîmes, France.
Ravot
Gilles
G
Protéus S.A., Nîmes, France.
Thomas
Pierre
P
IRD, UR 101 Extrêmophiles, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, Marseille, France.
Garcia
Jean-Louis
JL
IRD, UR 101 Extrêmophiles, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, Marseille, France.
Ollivier
Bernard
B
IRD, UR 101 Extrêmophiles, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL, Marseille, France.
D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D001482:Base Composition; D003013:Clostridium / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics
D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S