title: Antiviral treatment of human immunodeficiency virus infection: update for 2003.
abstract: Highly-active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) nowadays consists of 21 approved drugs in the USA. The medications belong to four classes: (1) Nucleoside/nucleotide analogues, (2) Non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, (3) Protease inhibitors, and (4) a fusion inhibitor. At least three effective drugs are required to reduce the viremia, aiming at nondetectable, and thus, raise the immune reserve, i.e. the CD4 lymphocyte count. HAART effectively extends the life of patients infected with HIV, in essence converting a fatal disease into a chronic infection, as eradication of HIV is not yet possible. The laurels of HAART are shadowed by its toxicity. Non-compliance with treatment is also an important contributor to its failure. HAART is continuing in development, change, benefiting the patients affected with HIV/AIDS, HCV and HBV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, 2 Medical Park, Suite 502, Columbia, South Carolina 29203, USA.
authors.forename: Bosko
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Postic
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Horvath
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Talwani
mesh_terms: D000140:Acidosis, Lactic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D011115:Polyneuropathies / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents