title: Suppressive effects of a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor on pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease characterized by dysfunction and destruction of the pancreatic beta cells. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) has been reported to cause suppression of insulin secretion from pancreatic islets via induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) followed by nitric oxide (NO) production. In this study, we investigated the effects of inhibition of iNOS on pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction in non-obese diabetic (NOD) mice and IL-1beta-treated isolated rat pancreatic islets using a novel specific inhibitor, ONO-1714.
  
  
  METHODS
  Female NOD mice which received subcutaneous infusion of ONO-1714 (4 microg/kg/day or 40 microg/kg/day) from 10 to 14 weeks after birth were compared with untreated NOD mice. In addition, pancreatic islets were isolated from Sprague-Dawley rats and cultured for 24 h with IL-1beta (100 U/mL) with or without ONO-1714 or the non-selective NOS inhibitor NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA). We measured insulin secretion and insulin content of the islets by ELISA, iNOS mRNA expression by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and NO generation by Griess Reagent System.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hyperglycaemia was observed in NOD mice. ONO-1714 treatment blunted this increase and tended to preserve insulin secretion, although body weight increase did not differ between the groups. Insulitis was also attenuated in the ONO-1714-administered group compared to the control group. Furthermore, in isolated rat pancreatic islets ONO-1714 prevented IL-1beta-induced inhibition of insulin secretion, this protection being evident in much lower concentrations than with L-NMMA. While ONO-1714 completely inhibited IL-1beta-induced NO production, it did not reduce expression of islet iNOS mRNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that ONO-1714 is promising as a therapeutic agent for autoimmune diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oiso
mesh_terms: D000578:Amidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006574:Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects*; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C407360:7-chloro-3-imino-5-methyl-2-azabicyclo(4.1.0)heptane; D000578:Amidines; D001786:Blood Glucose; D017931:DNA Primers; D006574:Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring; D007328:Insulin; D007375:Interleukin-1; D009573:Nitrites; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat