title: Brain volume, asymmetry and intellectual impairment in relation to sex in early-onset schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accumulating evidence suggests that early-onset schizophrenia arises from a disturbance in the normal trajectory of cerebral development.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate brain structure, asymmetry and IQ in early-onset schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Volumes of left and right cerebral hemispheres and IQ were assessed in 33 participants with early-onset DSM-IV schizophrenia and 30 members of a matched, normal control group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total brain volume was significantly smaller in the group with early-onset disease ('cases') relative to the control group (4.5%), especially for the left hemisphere in males (6.0%). A significant sex x diagnosis interaction in hemisphere asymmetry revealed that the female cases group had significantly reduced rightward asymmetry relative to the female control group and that the male cases tended to have reduced leftward asymmetry relative to the male control group. Decreased left hemisphere volume in males and decreased rightward hemispheric asymmetry in females correlated with reduced IQ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sexually dimorphic alterations in asymmetry correlate with degree of intellectual impairment in early-onset schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: POWIC SANE Research Centre, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: Simon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Collinson
authors.forename: Clare E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Mackay
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Digby J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Quested
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Crow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012737:Sex Factors; D013687:Telencephalon / Q000473:pathology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology