title: Acceleration of Aux/IAA proteolysis is specific for auxin and independent of AXR1.
abstract: Aux/IAA proteins are short-lived transcriptional regulators involved in auxin signaling. Using Aux/IAA luciferase (LUC) fusion proteins expressed in Arabidopsis thaliana, we previously showed that rapid degradation of these proteins requires conserved Aux/IAA domain II and that exogenous auxin accelerates their degradation. To further examine auxin-mediated increases in proteolysis, the degradation of two other LUC fusion proteins, a non-cleavable ubiquitin LUC fusion (UB1-72::LUC) and SAUR15::LUC was determined in vivo in seedlings. Their half-lives were 20 +/- 4 and 104 +/- 10 min, respectively. SAUR15::LUC half-life was not affected by pre-incubation with 2,4-D. Auxin did not have an equivalent effect on UB(1-72)::LUC steady-state levels as compared to PsIAA6:LUC. LUC fused to an Aux/IAA domain II degraded more rapidly following auxin application, demonstrating that this region is sufficient for auxin-mediated acceleration of proteolysis. Hormonal cross-talk at the level of Aux/IAA proteolysis was examined. 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), benzyladenine (BA), abscisic acid (ABA), and brassinolide (BL) did not affect the degradation rate of IAA1::LUC, and gibberellic acid (GA3) and salicylic acid (SA) did not specifically affect the steady-state levels of Aux/IAA::LUC proteins. An Aux/IAA::LUC transgene was crossed into the auxin resistant-1 (axr1-12) background. In axr1-12, the half-life of PsIAA6(1-73)::LUC increased 4.5-fold, but proteolysis still accelerated in response to exogenous auxin. These data suggest that auxin is the only phytohormone that accelerates Aux/IAA proteolysis, and that this acceleration is specific for Aux/IAA proteins. In addition, AXR1 plays an important role in rapid basal proteolysis of Aux/IAA proteins, but is not required for auxin-mediated acceleration of their degradation.
authors.affiliation: Section of Molecular and Cellular Biology and Plant Biology Graduate Group, University of California-Davis, 1 Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zenser
authors.forename: Kate A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Dreher
authors.forename: Stephanie R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Callis
mesh_terms: D000598:Amino Acids, Cyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C081977:AXR1 protein, Arabidopsis; D000598:Amino Acids, Cyclic; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C491592:IAA1 protein, Arabidopsis; C109031:IAA1 protein, plant; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C023863:1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid; D010450:Endopeptidases