title: Development of electrochemical methods for determination of tramadol--analytical application to pharmaceutical dosage forms.
abstract: A square-wave voltammetric (SWV) method and a flow injection analysis system with amperometric detection were developed for the determination of tramadol hydrochloride. The SWV method enables the determination of tramadol over the concentration range of 15-75 microM with a detection limit of 2.2 microM. Tramadol could be determined in concentrations between 9 and 50 microM at a sampling rate of 90 h(-1), with a detection limit of 1.7 microM using the flow injection system. The electrochemical methods developed were successfully applied to the determination of tramadol in pharmaceutical dosage forms, without any pre-treatment of the samples. Recovery trials were performed to assess the accuracy of the results; the values were between 97 and 102% for both methods.
authors.affiliation: CEQUP/Departamento Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua S. Tomé, 4200-485 Porto, Portugal.
authors.forename: E M P J
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Garrido
authors.forename: J M P J
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Garrido
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Delerue-Matos
mesh_terms: D004304:Dosage Forms; D004563:Electrochemistry; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D014147:Tramadol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004304:Dosage Forms; D014147:Tramadol