title: CPX/D underestimates VO(2) in athletes compared with an automated Douglas bag system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Based on persistent reports of low oxygen consumption VO(2) from Medical Graphics CPX/D metabolic carts, we compared the CPX/D against an automated Douglas bag system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve male athletes completed three, randomized 25-min bouts (5 min at 100, 150, 200, 250, and 300 W) on a cycle ergometer with intervening 30-min rests. One bout was measured on each of the CPX/D, the CPX/D with altered software (CPX/DDelta), and an automated Douglas bag system at Flinders University (FU). The CPX/DDelta software alteration was an apparent lag time correction factor of 60 ms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the CPX/D, both VO(2) and VCO(2) were significantly lower than the FU system at 100-300 W, and the relative differences ranged -10.7 to -12.0% and -7.7 to -8.2%, respectively. Altering the software approximately halved the VO(2) discrepancy between the CPX/DDelta and FU systems. When data from all five workloads were pooled, V(E) of the CPX/D (67.2 +/- 26.4 L x min-1) and CPX/DDelta (67.5 +/- 26.9 L x min-1) were significantly lower than for the FU system (70.5 +/- 27.1 L x min-1); and at 300 W, the relative differences were -4.0% and -3.4% for the CPX/D and CPX/DDelta, respectively. Altering the software changed the pooled %O(2) from 16.24 +/- 0.40% for the CPX/D to 16.04 +/- 0.39% for the CPX/DDelta, and these were significantly different than pooled data for the FU system (16.15 +/- 0.39%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During submaximal exercise, the CPX/D yields VO(2) values that are approximately 11% lower than the criterion system, and the source of the discrepancy does not appear to be primarily related to volume measurement. A disturbing observation is that factory defaults for the lag time use different correction factors, which vary by 60 ms and this significantly alters VO(2) and VCO(2).
authors.affiliation: Australian Institute of Sport, Henley Beach, SA, Australia. chris.gore@ausport.gov.au
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Gore
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Shipp
authors.forename: Grant E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Van Der Ploeg
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Withers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010827:Physiology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012984:Software; D013147:Spirometry / Q000295:instrumentation; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide