title: Elevated early follicular gonadotropin levels in women with unexplained infertility do not provide evidence for disordered gonadotropin-releasing hormone secretion as assessed by luteinizing hormone pulse characteristics.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether women with rigorously defined unexplained infertility demonstrated altered GnRH secretion, as reflected by serum LH secretion patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  National Center for Infertility Research at Michigan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine women with rigorously defined unexplained infertility and 11 healthy, parous age-matched control women.Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (25 ng/kg) as a bolus injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Daytime pulse patterns of LH secretion measured every 10 minutes; mean serum concentrations of LH, FSH, E(2), P, PRL, and cortisol; and response to a physiologic dose of GnRH in the early follicular, late follicular, mid-luteal, and late luteal phases of the same menstrual cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum LH pulse frequency and pulse amplitude and LH secretion in response to a physiologic bolus of GnRH were not significantly different in unexplained infertility patients at any phase of the cycle. Luteinizing hormone pulse frequency and amplitude, as well as response to GnRH, varied significantly across the cycle. Mean early follicular serum LH and FSH concentrations were significantly higher in unexplained infertility patients than in fertile control subjects (LH: 5.31 +/-.51 vs. 4.03 +/-.33 [mIU/mL +/- SEM]; FSH: 5.81 +/-.63 vs. 3.80 +/-.45) but were not different at any other phase of the cycle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data do not support the hypothesis that unexplained infertility is caused by an abnormality in pulsatile GnRH secretion or abnormal pituitary sensitivity to GnRH. However, the results are consistent with a difference in negative feedback from the ovary to the pituitary in unexplained infertility patients that is suggestive of diminished ovarian reserve.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Infertility Research at Michigan and the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0276, USA. jrandol@med.umich.edu
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Randolph
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Leach
authors.forename: Charla M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Blacker
authors.forename: Kamran S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Moghissi
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: Nancy E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Reame
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005246:Feedback; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D005498:Follicular Phase / Q000097:blood*; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000097:blood*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010053:Ovary / Q000503:physiopathology; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000503:physiopathology; D011673:Pulsatile Flow
chemical_list: D006062:Gonadotropins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone