title: Effect of lipase inhibition on gastric emptying of, and the glycemic and incretin responses to, an oil/aqueous drink in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: This study examined the effects of the lipase inhibitor, orlistat, on gastric emptying of, and the glycemic and incretin hormone responses to, a drink containing oil and glucose components in patients with type 2 diabetes. Seven patients (aged 58 +/- 5 yr), managed by diet alone, consumed 60 ml olive oil (labeled with 20 MBq (99m)Tc-V-thiocyanate) and 300 ml water containing 75 g glucose (labeled with 6 MBq (67)Ga-EDTA), on two occasions, with and without 120 mg orlistat, positioned in the left lateral decubitus position with their back against a gamma camera. Venous blood samples, for measurement of blood glucose and plasma insulin, glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucose-dependent insulintropic polypeptide were obtained immediately before, and after, the drink. Gastric emptying of both oil (P < 0.001) and glucose (P < 0.0005) was faster after orlistat compared with control. Postprandial blood glucose (P < 0.001) and plasma insulin (P < 0.05) were substantially greater after orlistat compared with control. In contrast, plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 (P < 0.005) and glucose-dependent insulintropic polypeptide (P < 0.05) were less after orlistat. In conclusion, inhibition of fat digestion, by orlistat, may exacerbate postprandial glycemia, as a result of more rapid gastric emptying and a diminished incretin response.
authors.affiliation: University of Adelaide, Department of Medicine, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pilichiewicz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: O'Donovan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feinle
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wishart
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / Q000097:blood; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D005934:Glucagon; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008049:Lipase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077403:Orlistat; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007328:Insulin; D007783:Lactones; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010455:Peptides; C055453:glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36)amide; D005749:Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon; D000077403:Orlistat; D008049:Lipase; D005947:Glucose