title: Ets-2 interacts with co-repressor BS69 to repress target gene expression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ETS-family of proteins consists of over 30 members that regulate the growth, differentiation and survival of both normal and tumor cells. How specificity is achieved within this family remains largely unresolved. One mechanism for attaining specificity is through the action of signaling pathways on specific family members. For example, Ets-2 is an activator modulated by ras-dependent phosphorylation of a single residue in the conserved pointed domain of this factor. We hypothesized that phosphorylation of the pointed domain regulates the proteins that can interact with ets-2 in the cell nucleus, resulting in regulation of target genes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a combination of biochemical assays, yeast two-hybrid screens and transfection assays to identify and characterize proteins interacting with the pointed domain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BS69, a known co-repressor, was identified in a yeast two hybrid screen as an ets-2 interacting partner. BS69 can interact with ets-2 in vivo and phosphorylation of the ets-2 pointed domain decreased the interaction with BS69 in vitro. In transfection assays, co-expression of ets-2 and BS69 resulted in repression of defined ets-2 target genes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support a role for ets-2 as a repressor and indicate that BS69 is required as co-repressor. Phosphorylation of ets-2 may switch its activity from repressor to activator by interfering with formation of the BS69 complex.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ohio State University, 484 W. 12th Ave., Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Guo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Alicia Erbe
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Schaffner
authors.forename: Kimberly M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Kim C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Mansky
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ostrowski
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019398:Genes, BRCA1; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D050787:Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-2; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C107465:ERF protein, human; C494070:Ets2 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D050787:Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-2; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C490622:Zmynd11 protein, mouse; D006655:Histone Deacetylases