title: Effects of poppy seed meal on egg production and hatching results in quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica).
abstract: This study was carried out to determine the effects of poppy seed meal (PSM) on the egg production and hatching of quail. Two experiments were undertaken. In the first experiment, 240 quail, reared under the same conditions, were divided into four groups of 60 birds each (which were, in turn, subdivided into four subgroups of 15 each for experimental replicates). The first, second, and third experimental groups were fed ratios containing 5%, 15%, and 25% PSM, respectively, over 12 weeks. The control group received no PSM. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum and artificial light was provided for 16 h a day. During the first experiment, egg production, egg weight, and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured. In the second experiment, 240 female and 48 male quail were divided into four groups, as in the preceding experiment, and the birds were housed in cages at a ratio of one male to five females. The diets and their presentation to the quails were the same as in the preceding experiment. The results of the two experiments showed that the addition of PSM to the feed ratios increased egg production, feed consumption, and feed conversion per kg of eggs and per dozen eggs. However, PSM addition at all percentages significantly reduced (P<0.001) hatchability, mainly because of increased infertility and embryonic deaths.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Ahmet Necdet Sezer, Afyon 03200, Turkey. akinci@aku.edu.tr
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Akinci
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bayram
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D003370:Coturnix / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet; D004531:Eggs; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects*; D005527:Food, Fortified; D010058:Oviposition / Q000187:drug effects*; D010207:Papaver / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012639:Seeds / Q000009:adverse effects*