Vaccination to prevent type 1 diabetes.
Immune-based interventions to treat or prevent autoimmune disorders are opening up entirely novel therapeutic avenues. Presently, systemic immune modulators such as antibodies to cytokines or cell-surface molecules (i.e., costimulators) are undergoing clinical testing or are already in use. The next generation of interventions will function in an antigen-specific way. These strategies are more difficult to design, because successful immunization or vaccination has to be monitored on an individual basis and dose/route/timing considerations play an essential role. Both will be discussed in this chapter and suitable combinatorial approaches will be suggested.
von Herrath
Matthias G
MG
La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, Division of Immune Regulation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. matthias@liai.org
D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D014611:Vaccination / Q000639:trends