title: An efficient procedure to stably introduce genes into an economically important pulp tree (Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla).
abstract: Regeneration problems are one of the main limitations preventing the wider application of genetic engineering strategies to the genus Eucalyptus. Seedlings from Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla were selected according to their regeneration (adventitious organogenesis) and transformation capacity. After in vitro cloning, the best genotype of 250 tested was transformed via Agrobacterium tumefaciens. A cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase (CAD) antisense cDNA from Eucalyptus gunnii was transferred, under the control of the 35S CaMV promoter with a double enhancer sequence, into a selected genotype. According to kanamycin resistance and PCR verification, 120 transformants were generated. 58% were significantly inhibited for CAD activity, and nine exhibited the highest down-regulation, ranging from 69 to 78% (22% residual activity). Southern blot hybridisation showed a low transgene copy number, ranging from 1 to 4, depending on the transgenic line. Northern analyses on the 5-16 and 3-23 lines (respectively one and two insertion sites) demonstrated the antisense origin of CAD gene inhibition. With respectively 26 and 22% of residual CAD activity, these two lines were considered as the most interesting and transferred to the greenhouse for further analyses.
authors.affiliation: UMR 5546, Pôle de Biotechnologie Végétale, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, BP17 Auzeville 31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tournier
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grat
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marque
authors.forename: Walid
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: El Kayal
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Penchel
authors.forename: Gisele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.forename: Alain-Michel
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Boudet
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Teulières
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D005052:Eucalyptus / Q000235:genetics*; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers