title: Cell type- and promoter-specific roles of Ser18 phosphorylation in regulating p53 responses.
abstract: Phosphorylation of mouse p53 at Ser18 occurs after DNA damage. To determine the physiological roles of this phosphorylation event in p53-dependent DNA damage responses, a Ser18 to Ala missense mutation was introduced into the germline of mice. Thymocytes and fibroblasts from the knock-in mice show reduced transactivation of many p53 target genes following DNA damage. p53 protein stabilization and DNA binding are similar in knock-in and wild type mice, but C-terminal acetylation was defective, consistent with a role for Ser18 in the recruitment of transcriptional co-activators. The apoptotic response of knock-in thymocytes to ionizing radiation is intermediate between that of wild type and p53 null thymocytes. Despite impaired transcriptional and apoptotic responses, the knock-in mice are not prone to spontaneous tumorigenesis. This indicates that neither phosphorylation of p53 on Ser18 by ATM nor a full transcriptional response is essential to prevent spontaneous tumor formation in mice.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0322, USA.
authors.forename: Connie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hergenhahn
authors.forename: Matthias D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kaeser
authors.forename: Zhiqun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shin'ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iggo
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hollstein
authors.forename: Ettore
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Appella
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002453:Cell Cycle; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012694:Serine / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D012694:Serine; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; C576325:Atm protein, mouse; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases