title: Impact of dialysis modality on survival of new ESRD patients with congestive heart failure in the United States.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is hypothesized, but not proven, that peritoneal dialysis might be the optimal treatment for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients with established congestive heart failure (CHF) through better volume regulation compared with hemodialysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  National incidence data on 107,922 new ESRD patients from the Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) Medical Evidence Form were used to test the hypothesis that peritoneal dialysis was superior to hemodialysis in prolonging survival of patients with CHF. Nonproportional Cox regression models evaluated the relative hazard of death for patients with and without CHF by dialysis modality using primarily the intent-to-treat but also the as-treated approach. Diabetics and nondiabetics were analyzed separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall prevalence of CHF was 33% at ESRD initiation. There were 27,149 deaths (25.2%), 5423 transplants (5%), and 3753 (3.5%) patients lost to follow-up over 2 years. Adjusted mortality risks were significantly higher for patients with CHF treated with peritoneal dialysis than hemodialysis [diabetics, relative risk (RR) = 1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.20 to 1.41; nondiabetics, RR = 1.24, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.35]. Among patients without CHF, adjusted mortality risk were higher only for diabetic patients treated with peritoneal dialysis compared with hemodialysis (RR = 1.11, 95% CI 1.02 to 1.21) while nondiabetics had similar survival on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis (RR = 0.97, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New ESRD patients with a clinical history of CHF experienced poorer survival when treated with peritoneal dialysis compared with hemodialysis. These data suggest that peritoneal dialysis may not be the optimal choice for new ESRD patients with CHF perhaps through impaired volume regulation and worsening cardiomyopathy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA. Austin.Stack@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Austin G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Stack
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Molony
authors.forename: Noor S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: Akinsansoye
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dosekun
authors.forename: Bhamidipati
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murthy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis