title: Response to sex hormones differs in atherosclerosis-susceptible and -resistant mice.
abstract: Genetic factors that determine the degree of susceptibility to atherosclerosis may also influence the effects of estrogens and progestins in arterial vessel disease. We examined and compared estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression and the effects of 17beta-estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) on collagen synthesis and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activities in the aortic arch and in cultured aortic smooth muscle cells (ASMC) of atherosclerosis-susceptible (C57Bl6/J, B6) or -resistant (C3H/HeJ, C3H) mice. ERalpha, ERbeta, and PR levels were higher in the aorta and ASMC of atherosclerosis-susceptible B6 mice. In transfection studies using an estrogen response element-driven reporter plasmid, E2 elicited a >2-fold increase in luciferase activity in ASMC of B6 (B6-ASMC), which demonstrated the transcriptional activity of ER in atherosclerosis-susceptible cells. Importantly, the response of endogenous target genes to E2 and P was different in B6-ASMC and C3H-ASMC. E2 decreased collagen synthesis but had no effect on MMP activities in B6-ASMC. P decreased MMP-2 and MMP-9 activity in B6-ASMC. In contrast, E2 increased MMP-2 and decreased MMP-9 activity but had no effect on collagen synthesis in C3H-ASMC. P had no effect on collagen synthesis and MMP activity in C3H-ASMC. These differences in response to sex hormones may have important implications for women who receive hormone replacement therapy.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33101, USA.
authors.forename: Mylène
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Potier
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karl
authors.forename: Sharon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Elliot
authors.forename: Gary E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Striker
authors.forename: Liliane J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Striker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000378:metabolism; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9