title: Down-regulation of endodermal Shh is required for gland formation in chicken stomach.
abstract: During the development of the proventriculus (glandular stomach) of the chicken embryo, the endodermal epithelium invades into the surrounding mesenchyme and forms glands. The glandular epithelial cells produce pepsinogen, while the non-glandular (luminal) epithelial cells secrete mucus. Sonic hedgehog is expressed uniformly in the proventricular epithelium before gland formation, but its expression ceases in gland cells. Here we present evidence that down-regulation of Sonic hedgehog is necessary for gland formation in the epithelium using a specific inhibitor of Sonic hedgehog signaling and virus mediated overexpression of Sonic hedgehog. We also show that gland formation is not induced by down-regulation of Sonic hedgehog alone; a mesenchymal influence is also required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1 Minamiohsawa, Hachiohji, 192-0397 Tokyo, Japan. kokko@comp.metro-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kimiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kameda
authors.forename: Kanako
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iba
authors.forename: Sadao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yasugi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002642:Chick Embryo; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004707:Endoderm / Q000378:metabolism*; D004727:Endothelium / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D011531:Proventriculus / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053823:Hedgehog Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators