title: Differential injury responses in oral mucosal and cutaneous wounds.
abstract: Oral mucosa heals faster than does skin, yet few studies have compared the repair at oral mucosal and cutaneous sites. To determine whether the privileged healing of oral injuries involves a differential inflammatory phase, we compared the inflammatory cell infiltrate and cytokine production in wounds of equivalent size in oral mucosa and skin. Significantly lower levels of macrophage, neutrophil, and T-cell infiltration were observed in oral vs. dermal wounds. RT-PCR analysis of inflammatory cytokine production demonstrated that oral wounds contained significantly less IL-6 and KC than did skin wounds. Similarly, the level of the pro-fibrotic cytokine TGF-b1 was lower in mucosal than in skin wounds. No significant differences between skin and mucosal wounds were observed for the expression of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and the TGF-beta1 modulators, fibromodulin and LTBP-1. These findings demonstrate that diminished inflammation is a key feature of the privileged repair of oral mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Burn and Shock Trauma Institute, Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, 2160 S. First Ave., Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Szpaderska
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Zuckerman
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: DiPietro
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D002452:Cell Count; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D018925:Chemokines; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005260:Female; D000071235:Fibromodulin; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D053779:Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000293:injuries*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology; D011509:Proteoglycans; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology / Q000293:injuries*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000032:analysis; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D018925:Chemokines; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; C475895:Cxcl1 protein, mouse; D016207:Cytokines; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; C000604332:Fmod protein, mouse; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D053779:Latent TGF-beta Binding Proteins; C509033:Ltbp1 protein, mouse; D011509:Proteoglycans; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D000071235:Fibromodulin; D016753:Interleukin-10; C074302:keratinocyte-derived chemokines