title: Macrolide antibiotics inhibit prostaglandin E2 synthesis and mRNA expression of prostaglandin synthetic enzymes in human leukocytes.
abstract: We investigated the action of macrolide antibiotics, which are considered to have anti-inflammatory activity, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated prostaglandin (PG) E2 synthesis and the expression of mRNAs for cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2), cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, and COX-2 in human leukocytes. The production of LPS-stimulated PGE2 was significantly increased in peripheral polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) and in mononuclear leukocytes (MNLs). Amounts of mRNAs for COX-2 and cPLA2, but not for COX-1, were enhanced by LPS in PMNLs and MNLs. The LPS-enhanced PGE2 synthesis and the expression of cPLA2 and COX-2 mRNAs were inhibited by clarithromycin, azithromycin and dexamethasone in PMNLs and MNLs. The mRNA expression of COX-1 in PMNLs was decreased by clarithromycin and azithromycin. Macrolide antibiotics inhibited PGE2 synthesis in human leukocytes by suppressing cPLA2, COX-1, and COX-2 mRNA expression. These data indicate one mechanism of macrolide anti-inflammatory activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Saga Medical School, 5-1-1 Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaitsu
authors.forename: Kinji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honjo
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Yuhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamasaki
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D018942:Macrolides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496511:PTGS1 protein, human; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D015232:Dinoprostone