ATP-independent luminal oscillations and release of Ca2+ and H+ from mast cell secretory granules: implications for signal transduction.
InsP(3) is an important link in the intracellular information network. Previous observations show that activation of InsP(3)-receptor channels on the granular membrane can turn secretory granules into Ca(2+) oscillators that deliver periodic trains of Ca(2+) release to the cytosol (T. Nguyen, W. C. Chin, and P. Verdugo, 1998, Nature, 395:908-912; I. Quesada, W. C. Chin, J. Steed, P. Campos-Bedolla, and P. Verdugo, 2001, BIOPHYS: J. 80:2133-2139). Here we show that InsP(3) can also turn mast cell granules into proton oscillators. InsP(3)-induced intralumenal [H(+)] oscillations are ATP-independent, result from H(+)/K(+) exchange in the heparin matrix, and produce perigranular pH oscillations with the same frequency. These perigranular pH oscillations are in-phase with intralumenal [H(+)] but out-of-phase with the corresponding perigranular [Ca(2+)] oscillations. The low pH of the secretory compartment has critical implications in a broad range of intracellular processes. However, the association of proton release with InsP(3)-induced Ca(2+) signals, their similar periodic nature, and the sensitivity of important exocytic proteins to the joint action of Ca(2+) and pH strongly suggests that granules might encode a combined Ca(2+)/H(+) intracellular signal. A H(+)/Ca(2+) signal could significantly increase the specificity of the information sent by the granule by transmitting two frequency encoded messages targeted exclusively to proteins like calmodulin, annexins, or syncollin that are crucial for exocytosis and require specific combinations of [Ca(2+)] "and" pH for their action.
Quesada
Ivan
I
Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
Chin
Wei-Chun
WC
Verdugo
Pedro
P
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000502:physiology; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D017494:Proton Pumps / Q000502:physiology*; D011522:Protons; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000502:physiology*
D017494:Proton Pumps; D011522:Protons; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002118:Calcium