title: Simple and rapid detection of Salmonella strains by direct PCR amplification of the hilA gene.
abstract: The suitability of a PCR procedure using a pair of primers targeting the hilA gene was evaluated as a means of detecting Salmonella species. A total of 33 Salmonella strains from 27 serovars and 15 non-Salmonella strains from eight different genera were included. PCR with all the Salmonella strains produced a 784 bp DNA fragment that was absent from all the non-Salmonella strains tested. The detection limit of the PCR was 100 pg with genomic DNA and 3 x 10(4) c.f.u. ml(-1) with serial dilutions of bacterial culture. An enrichment-PCR method was further developed to test the sensitivity of the hilA primers for the detection of Salmonella in faecal samples spiked with different concentrations of Salmonella choleraesuis subsp. choleraesuis serovar Typhimurium. The method described allowed the detection of Salmonella Typhimurium in faecal samples at a concentration of 3 x 10(2) c.f.u. ml(-1). In conclusion, the hilA primers are specific for Salmonella species and the PCR method presented may be suitable for the detection of Salmonella in faeces.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Postgraduate Studies1, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine4 and Institute of Biological Sciences5, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Sabaneta, Colombia 3Escuela de Bacteriología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Pathmanathan
authors.affiliation: Institute of Postgraduate Studies1, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine4 and Institute of Biological Sciences5, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Sabaneta, Colombia 3Escuela de Bacteriología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cardona-Castro
authors.affiliation: Institute of Postgraduate Studies1, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine4 and Institute of Biological Sciences5, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Sabaneta, Colombia 3Escuela de Bacteriología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Jiménez
authors.affiliation: Institute of Postgraduate Studies1, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine4 and Institute of Biological Sciences5, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Sabaneta, Colombia 3Escuela de Bacteriología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Correa-Ochoa
authors.affiliation: Institute of Postgraduate Studies1, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine4 and Institute of Biological Sciences5, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Sabaneta, Colombia 3Escuela de Bacteriología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Puthucheary
authors.affiliation: Institute of Postgraduate Studies1, Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine4 and Institute of Biological Sciences5, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Sabaneta, Colombia 3Escuela de Bacteriología, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Thong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012703:Serotyping; D013997:Time Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; C102236:HilA protein, Salmonella; D015534:Trans-Activators