title: Arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction. Is a drain necessary?
abstract: We report on the results of a prospective randomised controlled trial to evaluate the use of an intra-articular drain following arthroscopically assisted ACL reconstruction using patellar tendon autograft. Forty-nine patients were recruited for the trial and randomised into receiving or not receiving a drain following surgery. An independent observer who was blinded for the use of the drain assessed the knees for swelling, range of movement (ROM) and pain at 2, 4 and 6 weeks postoperatively. Muscle strength was assessed at 12 weeks following surgery using the KIN COM III isometric dynamometer. We found that the knees that were drained following surgery initially had less swelling and a better ROM. However, at 4 weeks this difference had disappeared. At 3 and 6 months, there was no functional difference between the two groups. We recommend that no drain be used following ACL reconstruction as removal of the drain is uncomfortable and carries theoretical and avoidable risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Derbyshire Royal Infirmary, Derby, UK.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Straw
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Colclough
authors.forename: Guido G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Geutjens
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D001178:Arthroplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004487:Edema / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology; D013710:Tendons / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D013997:Time Factors