title: [Preliminary results for superficial parotidectomy using the ultrasonically activated scalpel (Ultracision Harmonic Scalpel)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The high density of blood vessels in the parotid gland, the direct vicinity to the facial nerve and the narrow surgical situs require efficient intra- and postoperative hemostasis. The ultrasonic scalpel (US) accomplishes both tissue dissection and vessel coagulation simultaneously by an ultrasonically activated shear movement of 55 500 Hz. The combination of hemostasis and tissue dissection particularly qualifies US for use in surgery of the parotid gland. Until now, there have been no published studies about application of US in surgery of the parotid gland.
  
  
  METHODS
  20 patients with benign parotid tumors treated with a conventional technique of superficial parotidectomy and 20 patients with a superficial parotidectomy using the ultrasonically activated scalpel were examined in regard to intra- and postoperative hemostasis, wound healing and postoperative pain. Also, the quality of the histopathological specimen obtained by US was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 85 % (17/20) of superficial parotidectomy efficient intraoperative hemostasis did not require electrocoagulation. In 15 % (3/20) of parotid tumors additional bipolar electrocoagulation were required because of venous bleeding from vessels exceeding 2.0 mm in diameter. Postoperative bleeding did not occur at all. Wound healing was uneventful in all cases. Surgery-related postoperative pain was not intensified. Time of operation was shortened. Histopathological evaluation, especially in the margin area, was not impaired.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The US offers tissue dissection with effective intra- and postoperative hemostasis. The combination of simultaneous tissue dissection and hemostasis enables a good overall view and control of the surgical site. In addition, based on the mechanical function the US has only a minimal thermal effect on neighboring tissues and enables controlled tumor resection without damaging the facial nerve.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde des Universitätsklinikums Hamburg-Eppendorf. metterni@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: F U
authors.initials: FU
authors.lastname: Metternich
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sagowski
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wenzel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jäkel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Leuwer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004210:Dissection / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010307:Parotid Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology