A contemporary approach to the diagnosis and management of polycythemia vera.
The natural history of polycythemia vera (PV) includes an increased lifetime risk of thrombohemorrhagic complications and disease transformation into myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia and acute myeloid leukemia. The latter is the primary reason for the shortening of survival that becomes significant after the first decade of disease. Historic nonrandomized studies have suggested that aggressive phlebotomy improves survival in PV. However, prospective randomized studies have failed to demonstrate a better treatment than phlebotomy alone, in terms of survival. However, the addition of cytoreductive therapy to phlebotomy in high-risk patients with PV may reduce the risk of recurrent thrombosis. Other disease features of PV include aquagenic pruritus and microvascular disturbances such as erythromelalgia. This review outlines a practical approach to diagnosis, in addition to treatment of life-threatening and non-life-threatening complications of PV.
Tefferi
Ayalew
A
Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. tefferi.ayalew@mayo.edu
D000465:Algorithms; D006801:Humans; D019653:Myeloablative Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011087:Polycythemia Vera / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment
D019653:Myeloablative Agonists