title: CF45-1, a secreted protein which participates in Dictyostelium group size regulation.
abstract: Developing Dictyostelium cells aggregate to form fruiting bodies containing typically 2 x 10(4) cells. To prevent the formation of an excessively large fruiting body, streams of aggregating cells break up into groups if there are too many cells. The breakup is regulated by a secreted complex of polypeptides called counting factor (CF). Countin and CF50 are two of the components of CF. Disrupting the expression of either of these proteins results in cells secreting very little detectable CF activity, and as a result, aggregation streams remain intact and form large fruiting bodies, which invariably collapse. We find that disrupting the gene encoding a third protein present in crude CF, CF45-1, also results in the formation of large groups when cells are grown with bacteria on agar plates and then starve. However, unlike countin(-) and cf50(-) cells, cf45-1(-) cells sometimes form smaller groups than wild-type cells when the cells are starved on filter pads. The predicted amino acid sequence of CF45-1 has some similarity to that of lysozyme, but recombinant CF45-1 has no detectable lysozyme activity. In the exudates from starved cells, CF45-1 is present in a approximately 450-kDa fraction that also contains countin and CF50, suggesting that it is part of a complex. Recombinant CF45-1 decreases group size in colonies of cf45-1(-) cells with a 50% effective concentration (EC(50)) of approximately 8 ng/ml and in colonies of wild-type and cf50(-) cells with an EC(50) of approximately 40 ng/ml. Like countin(-) and cf50(-) cells, cf45-1(-) cells have high levels of cytosolic glucose, high cell-cell adhesion, and low cell motility. Together, the data suggest that CF45-1 participates in group size regulation in Dictyostelium.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005-1892, USA.
authors.forename: Debra A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Brock
authors.forename: R Diane
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hatton
authors.forename: Dan-Victor
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Giurgiutiu
authors.forename: Brenton
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Wonhee
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ammann
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gomer
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D002449:Cell Aggregation / Q000235:genetics*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D004023:Dictyostelium / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C120918:countin protein, Dictyostelium discoideum