title: Histological evaluations following 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser resurfacing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The long pulse 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser is used clinically to decrease rhytid formation. The dermal level at which this change occurs has not been established. This study attempts to answer these questions using a porcine skin model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Non-randomized prospective experimental trial involving the domestic piglet treated serially with the long pulse 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Collagen formation occurred at the level of the reticular dermis. After one laser treatment, a significant level of collagen formation was induced in the reticular dermis compared to controls. The greatest gain was observed after four laser treatments. Energy levels of 20, 30, 40, and 50 J/cm2 were evaluated. Although not statistically significant, 30 J/cm2 had the greatest effect on collagen formation. However, at 50 J/cm2, marked ablative changes to the epidermis were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long pulse 1,064-nm Nd:YAG laser induces collagen formation in the reticular dermis in porcine skin.
authors.affiliation: Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA. docdayan@aol.com
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dayan
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Damrose
authors.forename: Tapan K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.forename: Steven Ross
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Mobley
authors.forename: Minu K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Grady
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandrea
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D062109:Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; D020405:Dermis / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D023421:Models, Animal; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D034421:Sus scrofa
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen