title: [Ciclosporine A-induced gingival hyperplasia].
abstract: The increasing use of cyclosporine A (CSA) in organ transplants and in the treatment of autoimmune diseases has increased the incidence of cyclosporine A-related adverse effects, including gingival hyperplasia (GH). GH causes esthetic, speech, mastication and tooth growth problems in the affected patients. The prevalence of cyclosporine-induced GH varies in different studies and may be as high as 85%, depending on the diagnostic criteria. This review approaches etiological, histological and clinical issues, as well as the prevention and treatment of this important injury.
authors.affiliation: Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, Brasil.
authors.forename: Vera Lúcia Costa
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Ramalho
authors.forename: Horácio José
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Ramalho
authors.forename: José Paulo
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cipullo
authors.forename: Emmanuel A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Burdmann
mesh_terms: D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005885:Gingival Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016377:Organ Transplantation
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine