title: Tetanus immunization shortage in the United States.
abstract: The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of the tetanus immunization shortage on EDs and the EPs understanding of the prioritization of persons needing tetanus immunization. A survey consisting of questions about knowledge of the tetanus shortage, prioritization of immunizations, incidence of tetanus infections, and understanding of CDC recommendations was mailed to a random sample 20% of the US ED medical directors. The results of the survey were input into the SPSS program (SPSS, version 10, Chicago, IL). The survey was returned by 618 of the 1,375 (44.9%) ED medical directors in the United States. Almost all (97.2%, 601 of 617) were notified about the tetanus shortage and 58.3% (360 of 617) reported a shortage. A total of 42.2% (199 of 472) gave tetanus toxoid (TT), instead of tetanus and diphtheria toxoids adult type (dT) when indicated. Only 11.6% of those surveyed (56 of 482) established a patient callback system. Routine vaccination was stopped in 37.5% of the reporting hospitals, most often for adults and children (57.5%, 69 of 120). Twelve hospitals (1.9%) reported they had an increase in tetanus. Although 87.5% of the respondents (539 of 616) stated they were familiar with the CDC's prioritization for tetanus immunization, only 1.8% (11 of 616) got the prioritization correct. Although EM directors uniformly know about and are experiencing the tetanus shortage, few correctly reported the tetanus immunization priority. Few EDs had a patient callback system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Finch University/Chicago Medical School, Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
authors.forename: Leslie S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Zun
authors.forename: Lavonne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Downey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003625:Data Collection; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D006292:Health Priorities; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D013745:Tetanus Toxoid