title: Simultaneous real-time measurements of mastication, swallowing, nasal airflow, and aroma release.
abstract: Mastication, swallowing, breath flow, and aroma release were measured simultaneously in vivo using electromyography, electroglottography, a turbine air flow meter, and the MS-Nose, respectively. Signals were synchronized either electronically or by aligning the nasal airflow data with the breath by breath release of acetone. Chewing affected nasal airflow, with the flow fluctuations following the mastication pattern. Data analysis suggested that air was pumped out of the mouth into the throat with each chew, and the mean volume was 26 mL. Aroma release was associated with the pulses of air pumped from the mouth with each chew. During swallowing, there was no nasal airflow, but after swallowing, aroma release was evident. The volume of the retronasal route was estimated at 48 mL when swallowing and 72 mL when samples were chewed. The combination of techniques shows the effects of physiological processes on aroma release.
authors.affiliation: Division of Food Sciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, Leics, LE12 5RD, UK. sbxmdh@nottingham.ac.uk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hodgson
authors.forename: R S T
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Linforth
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology*; D009666:Nose; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis*; D010614:Pharynx / Q000502:physiology; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology*