title: The vesicular glutamate transporter 1 (xVGlut1) is expressed in discrete regions of the developing Xenopus laevis nervous system.
abstract: As the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the vertebrate nervous system, glutamate not only plays an essential role in adult neural signaling, but has also been implicated as a trophic factor in neuronal cell maturation, differentiation, and survival. An essential component of the glutamatergic neurotransmission system is the family of glutamate transporters, a multigene family that codes for plasma membrane-bound as well as vesicle-bound proteins responsible for the removal of glutamate from the cleft and its re-uptake into the synaptic vesicle. Here we describe the spatial and temporal expression of the vesicular glutamate transporter (xVGlut1) during the early developmental stages of the amphibian Xenopus laevis. RNAse protection analysis and in situ hybridization reveal that xVGlut1 is first expressed at late neurula stages in the developing spinal cord and trigeminal nerve. By tailbud stages xVGlut1 transcripts are detected in several of the cranial nerves, the pineal gland, and medial forebrain. By hatching stages xVGlut1 expression reappears in localized tracts within the spinal cord. Expression levels increase throughout development into adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Millington Hall, The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA.
authors.forename: Kristina K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Gleason
authors.forename: Vijay R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Dondeti
authors.forename: Hung-Lun J
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Hsia
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Cochran
authors.forename: Juliann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gumulak-Smith
authors.forename: Margaret S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Saha
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009420:Nervous System / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C493467:SLC17A7 protein, Xenopus; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D012260:Ribonucleases