title: Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction analysis for KiSS-1 and orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (hOT7T175) gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  KiSS-1 has been cloned as a human metastasis suppressor gene and an orphan G-protein-coupled receptor (hOT7T175) identified as the endogenous receptor of the KiSS-1 product. In the present study, we evaluated the clinical importance of KiSS-1 and hOT7T175 gene expression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression levels of KiSS-1, hOT7T175 and glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) messenger RNAs (mRNAs) were analyzed quantitatively by real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in 60 surgically resected HCCs. The KiSS-1/GAPDH and hOT7T175/GAPDH ratios of tumors were compared with clinicopathological findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Loss of KiSS-1 mRNA expression was not detected in HCCs. The mean KiSS-1/GAPDH ratio did not change between non-cancerous cirrhotic livers and carcinomas. On the other hand, the average hOT7T175/GAPDH ratios increased from non-cancerous livers (0.08) to carcinomas (0.48). Overexpression of KiSS-1 and hOT7T175 genes was recognized in 6 tumors, which were in an advanced stage and showed poor survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overexpression of KiSS-1 and hOT7T175 genes was frequently observed and correlated with HCC progression; thus, the possibility that overexpressed KiSS-1 and hOT7T175 peptides mediate growth signals into cancer cells in HCCs is suggested.
authors.affiliation: Division of Operating Room, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, 683-8504, Yonago, Japan. masaike@grape.med.tottori-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeguchi
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirooka
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaibara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D059648:Kisspeptins; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000074502:Receptors, Kisspeptin-1; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C106628:KISS1 protein, human; C118688:KISS1R protein, human; D059648:Kisspeptins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D000074502:Receptors, Kisspeptin-1; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins