title: Le Fort III osteotomy: a new internal positioned distractor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The treatment of midfacial retrusion, due to congenital midfacial hypoplasia or trauma, is a challenging problem. Conventional Le Fort III osteotomies, with the surgical mobilisation of the entire midface, offers one solution. Distraction osteogenesis has become an accepted, and often preferred, technique for the treatment of severe midfacial hypoplasia. Existing distraction devices have several disadvantages. To overcome some of these disadvantages, an internal and temporal positioned distraction device was developed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The new, internal positioned distractor device was used in 5 patients (age range, 8 to 15 years). Nine distractors were used in 4 patients with midfacial retrusion and 1 patient with hemifacial microsomia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The preoperative planned position of the osteotomized Le Fort III segment was obtained without any complications in all cases. Midface advancement, measured as the anterior displacement of the infraorbital rim, ranged from 14 to 20 mm. The distractor was almost invisible and did not disturb daily activities of the patient. Activation of the distractor was performed by rotation of a small lateral activation rod.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary results encourage the further use of the new distractor device in a larger series of patients.
authors.affiliation: Department for Craniomaxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherland. jpou@mks.azm.nl
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Riediger
authors.forename: Jules M N
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Poukens
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D004867:Equipment Design; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000601:surgery; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000145:classification* / Q000295:instrumentation; D013100:Sphenoid Bone / Q000601:surgery; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015050:Zygoma / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium