Tumor suppressor MDA-7/IL-24 selectively inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell growth and migration.
Abnormalities in smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation and differentiation underlie the pathogenesis of proliferative vascular diseases. MDA-7 (HUGO approved symbol IL24) is a unique gene, originally identified as a tumor suppressor and more recently shown to have cytokine activity. MDA-7/IL24 has been implicated in apoptosis and cellular differentiation in tumor cells and in tumor invasion/metastasis in clinical specimens-properties central to SMC remodeling during proliferative vascular diseases. In this study, we evaluated the effects of overexpressing MDA-7/IL24 in various SMC: the apparently "normal" rat PAC1 cell line, primary human coronary artery SMC, and normal rat aortic SMC. We transduced SMC with adenovirus-mda7 (Ad-mda7) or control virus (Ad-Luc) and assessed cell viability, apoptosis, and migration. Ad-mda7 suppressed PAC1 cell growth in a dose-dependent manner while having no effect on normal primary human coronary artery cells or rat aortic SMC, despite strong expression of the MDA-7 transgene in all SMC. Similarly, Ad-mda7 treatment induced apoptosis in PAC1 cells with essentially no effect on normal coronary and rat aortic SMC. Ad-mda7 also inhibited serum-stimulated PAC1 cell migration. Karyotype analysis of PAC1 cells revealed that they exhibit multiple chromosomal aberrations. Importantly, recombinant MDA-7 did not elicit cell death or STAT-3 activation in PAC1 SMC, suggesting that the effects of Ad-mda7 were mediated through an intracellular pathway. These data demonstrate that Ad-mda7 exhibits selectivity in apoptosis induction and growth suppression in an atypical SMC line, raising new questions pertaining to heterogeneity in SMC death susceptibility.
Chen
Jiyuan
J
Center for Cardiovascular Research, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 679, Rochester, New York 14642, USA.
Chada
Sunil
S
Mhashilkar
Abner
A
Miano
Joseph M
JM
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002455:Cell Division; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015870:Gene Expression; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D000099180:Interleukin-24
D007378:Interleukins; D000099180:Interleukin-24