title: Vertical transmission of HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
abstract: A cohort of 297 HIV-infected pregnant women was followed from January 1996 to December 2001. The overall transmission rate was 3.57% and remained constant over time. Low birth-weight was independently associated with a higher risk of vertical transmission (P=0.0072), whereas a longer duration of antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy was independently associated with a lower risk of transmission (P=0.0084). Further decreases in transmission should be obtained by initiating prophylaxis earlier in pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Esaú Custódio
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: João
authors.forename: Maria Letícia
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Jacqueline A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.forename: Haroldo J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Matos
authors.forename: Guilherme A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Calvet
authors.forename: Marcos M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: d'Ippolito
authors.forename: Luísa T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Salgado
authors.forename: Sonia S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Gabriela R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Bazin
authors.forename: Ricardo C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Braga
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D019259:Lamivudine; D015215:Zidovudine