Attachment and exploration in adulthood.
In the present work, the relationship between attachment and exploration in adulthood is examined from both theoretical and empirical standpoints. Theoretically, attachment theory's exploration system is linked to R. W. White's (1959) concept of effectance motivation, and to the motive and goals constructs that are central to the achievement motivation literature. Empirically, 4 studies are presented that document a link between adult attachment (operationalized using categorical, continuous, and dimensional measures) and achievement motives (need for achievement and fear of failure) and achievement goals (mastery-approach, mastery-avoidance, performance-approach, performance-avoidance, and approach relative to avoidance personal strivings). Mediational analyses establish the role of challenge construal, threat construal, and competence valuation in accounting for the observed relationships.
Elliot
Andrew J
AJ
Department of Clinical and Social Sciences in Psychology, University of Rochester, New York 14627, USA. andye@scp.rochester.edu
Reis
Harry T
HT
D000124:Achievement; D000328:Adult; D005106:Exploratory Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009042:Motivation; D009769:Object Attachment; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology