title: Viral hepatitis among young men who have sex with men: prevalence of infection, risk behaviors, and vaccination.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at risk for acquiring hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and hepatitis C virus (HCV).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal was to describe the seroprevalence of and risk factors for viral hepatitis, the frequency of vaccination against HAV and HBV, and reasons for lack of vaccination among young MSM.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed hepatitis serologies on 833 MSM aged 15 to 29 years who attended public venues in King County, Washington.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While 14.6% were HAV-immune due to vaccination, 13.9% had prior HAV infection; 57.9% were susceptible and 13.5% had unclear status. While 24.5% were HBV-immune due to vaccination, 13.3% had prior HBV infection; 44.2% were susceptible and 18.0% had unclear status. Prior HBV infection was associated with prior HAV infection. Men unvaccinated against HAV or HBV were unaware of the vaccines or had never been offered vaccination or perceived themselves at low risk for infection. Among 10 HCV-seropositive men, 70.0% reported injection drug use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MSM must be vaccinated at an early age to prevent acquisition of HAV and HBV. Given the frequency of coinfection with HAV and HBV, a combined vaccine would be useful in this population.
authors.affiliation: University of California Irvine Medical Center, 101 City Drive South, Building 11, Route 81, Orange, CA 92868, USA. diamondc@uci.edu
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: Hanne
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Thiede
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Perdue
authors.forename: Gina M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Secura
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Valleroy
authors.forename: Duncan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mackellar
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003710:Demography; D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006525:Hepatitis, Viral, Human / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014861:Washington / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D014761:Viral Hepatitis Vaccines