title: Redistribution of cyclophilin A to viral factories during vaccinia virus infection and its incorporation into mature particles.
abstract: Cyclophilins are peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases involved in catalyzing conformational changes and accelerating the rate of protein folding and refolding in several cellular systems. In the present study, we analyzed the expression pattern and intracellular distribution of the cellular isomerase cyclophilin A (CypA) during vaccinia virus (VV) infection. An impressive increase in CypA stability was observed, leading to a practically unchanged accumulation of CypA during infection, although its synthesis was completely inhibited at late times. By confocal microscopy, we observed that CypA went through an intense reorganization in the cell cytoplasm and colocalized with the virosomes late in infection. CypA relocation to viral factories required the synthesis of viral postreplicative proteins, and treatment of infected cells with cyclosporine (CsA) prevented CypA relocation, clearly excluding the virosomes from CypA staining. Immunoelectron microscopy of VV-infected cells showed that CypA was incorporated into VV particles during morphogenesis. Biochemical and electron microscopic assays with purified virions confirmed that CypA was encapsidated within the virus particle and localized specifically in the core. This work suggests that CypA may develop an important role in VV replication.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia Molecular de Vírus, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21941-590, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula V
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Técia M U
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Nissin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moussatché
authors.forename: Clarissa R A
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Damaso
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D021984:Cyclophilin A / Q000378:metabolism*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D015870:Gene Expression; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D014615:Vaccinia / Q000378:metabolism*; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014771:Virion / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D021984:Cyclophilin A