title: Toll-like receptors and innate antiviral responses.
abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have a unique and important role in detecting the presence of pathogenic infection. TLRs can recognize conserved structures from a wide variety of microorganisms, such as bacteria, mycobacteria, spirochetes and yeast. However, they are generally not thought to play a major role in viral infection. Several reports have now identified distinct viral ligands for the TLRs, and evidence is accumulating for a functional role of the TLRs in mediating antiviral effector mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California Los Angeles, 90095, USA.
authors.forename: Sagar A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Vaidya
authors.forename: Genhong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors