title: Three-dimensional electric field visualization utilizing electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation in nematic liquid crystals.
abstract: An electric-field-induced second-harmonic-generation signal in a nematic liquid crystal is used to map the electric field in an integrated-circuit-like sample. Since the electric-field-induced second-harmonic-generation signal intensity exhibits a strong dependence on the polarization of the incident laser beam, both the amplitude and the orientation of the electric field vectors can be measured. Combined with scanning second-harmonic-generation microscopy, three-dimensional electric field distribution can be easily visualized with high spatial resolution of the order of 1 microm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering and Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.
authors.forename: I-Hsiu
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shi-Wei
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bresson
authors.forename: Ming-Chun
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Tien
authors.forename: Jin-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Chi-Kuang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Sun