Enhancement of antigen-specific immunity via the TLR4 ligands MPL adjuvant and Ribi.529.
MPL (Corixa) adjuvant is a chemically modified derivative of lipopolysaccharide that displays greatly reduced toxicity while maintaining most of the immunostimulatory activity of lipopolysaccharide. MPL adjuvant has been used extensively in clinical trials as a component in prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines targeting infectious disease, cancer and allergies. With over 33,000 doses administered to date, MPL adjuvant has emerged as a safe and effective vaccine adjuvant. Recently, scientists at Corixa Corporation have developed a library of synthetic lipid A mimetics (aminoalkyl glucosaminide 4-phosphates) with demonstrated immunostimulatory properties. Similar to MPL adjuvant, these synthetic compounds signal through Toll-like receptor 4 to stimulate the innate immune system. One of these compounds, Ribi.529 (RC-529), has emerged as a leading adjuvant with a similar efficacy and safety profile to MPL adjuvant in both preclinical and clinical studies.
Evans
Jay T
JT
Corixa Corporation, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA.
Cluff
Christopher W
CW
Johnson
David A
DA
Lacy
Michael J
MJ
Persing
David H
DH
Baldridge
Jory R
JR
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000941:Antigens; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017358:Cell Wall Skeleton / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003311:Cord Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000628:therapy; D008024:Ligands; D008050:Lipid A / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D017780:Malaria Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D012449:Safety; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000941:Antigens; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D017358:Cell Wall Skeleton; D003311:Cord Factors; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines; D008024:Ligands; D008050:Lipid A; D017780:Malaria Vaccines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C075897:Ribi adjuvant; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014612:Vaccines; C048436:monophosphoryl lipid A