The CCN family: a new stimulus package.
The CCN family comprises cysteine-rich 61 (CYR61/CCN1), connective tIssue growth factor (CTGF/CCN2), nephroblastoma overexpressed (NOV/CCN3), and Wnt-induced secreted proteins-1 (WISP-1/CCN4), -2 (WISP-2/CCN5) and -3 (WISP-3/CCN6). These proteins stimulate mitosis, adhesion, apoptosis, extracellular matrix production, growth arrest and migration of multiple cell types. Many of these activities probably occur through the ability of CCN proteins to bind and activate cell surface integrins. Accumulating evidence supports a role for these factors in endocrine pathways and endocrine-related processes. To illustrate the broad role played by the CCN family in basic and clinical endocrinology, this Article highlights the relationship between CCN proteins and hormone action, skeletal growth, placental angiogenesis, IGF-binding proteins and diabetes-induced fibrosis.
Brigstock
D R
DR
Department of Surgery, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43212, USA. brigstocd@pediatrics.ohio-state.edu
D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor; D055515:Cysteine-Rich Protein 61; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism*; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D055514:Nephroblastoma Overexpressed Protein; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D021041:Placental Circulation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011485:Protein Binding; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism
D055511:CCN Intercellular Signaling Proteins; C501848:CCN1 protein, human; C526317:CCN2 protein, human; C526319:CCN3 protein, human; C116396:CCN4 protein, human; C413323:CCN5 protein, human; C400081:CCN6 protein, human; D055515:Cysteine-Rich Protein 61; D004967:Estrogens; D006133:Growth Substances; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D016023:Integrins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D055514:Nephroblastoma Overexpressed Protein; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D013002:Somatomedins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D055513:Connective Tissue Growth Factor