title: Perceptions of activity and vocational status in women with cardiac illness.
abstract: The purpose of this descriptive study was to determine the perceptions of activity and vocational status in women with cardiac illness. A convenience sample of 20 women with the diagnosis of coronary heart disease or hypertrophic cardiomyopathy participated. Subjects underwent an audiotaped interview, using a semistructured interview guide, which was then transcribed into the Ethnograph software program (Qualis Research Associates, Salt Lake City, UT). Transcripts were analyzed for common themes via content analysis. There were four themes identified for activity: variable activity patterns, fatigue, guilt, and depression. There were four themes identified for vocational status: desire to work, social aspects of work, unpaid work, and struggle to maintain the status quo. In conclusion, the themes of fatigue, guilt over unmet activity expectations, and the common occurrence of unpaid work validated prior research findings. The themes of variable patterns of activity management, feelings of depression about lowered activity levels, the desire to return to a prior vocation, the importance of the social nature of work, and the struggle to balance both home and work roles were new findings.
authors.affiliation: Kaiser Permanente Mid-Atlantic States, Rockville, MD, USA. sjwingate@comcast.net
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wingate
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Loscalzo
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hozdic
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D004651:Employment / Q000523:psychology*; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006167:Guilt; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010549:Personal Satisfaction; D012803:Sick Role; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014589:Utah; D014930:Women / Q000523:psychology*; D016387:Women's Health; D016526:Workload