Chemoprevention of colon cancer by calcium, vitamin D and folate: molecular mechanisms.
Recent findings have indicated that dietary calcium, vitamin D and folate can modulate and inhibit colon carcinogenesis. Supporting evidence has been obtained from a wide variety of preclinical experimental studies, epidemiological findings and a few human clinical trials. Important molecular events and cellular actions of these micronutrients that contribute to their tumour-modulating effects are discussed. They include a complex series of signalling events that affect the structural and functional organization of colon cells.
Lamprecht
Sergio A
SA
Strang Cancer Prevention Center and Strang Cancer Research Laboratory at The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA. lampres@mail.rockefeller.edu
Lipkin
Martin
M
D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D014807:Vitamin D; D005492:Folic Acid