title: Laser-assisted human embryo biopsy on the third day of development for preimplantation genetic diagnosis: two successful case reports.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) with 1.48-microm infrared diode laser assistance during embryo biopsy for two patients undergoing IVF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case reports.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private ART laboratory. Two couples undergoing IVF for infertility therapy, both of whom had previously delivered offspring afflicted with spinal muscular atrophy (type 1) after IVF therapy, and who underwent subsequent cycles of IVF coupled with PGD to screen for this disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two individual IVF cases involving intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), embryo biopsy with laser assistance, and PGD. The ease and apparent safety of human embryo biopsy using a 1.48-microm infrared laser for partial zona pellucida (ZP) dissection to assist with embryo blastomere biopsy was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both couples were deemed to have some unafflicted embryos for transfer on the fifth day of development after blastomere biopsy in conjunction with PGD. Patient A had a singleton pregnancy and delivered a healthy normal singleton male. Patient B had a twin pregnancy; however, one twin was spontaneously lost at 10 weeks but she ultimately delivered a healthy normal singleton male.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These successful outcomes help to demonstrate the efficacy and safety of laser-assisted embryo biopsy to facilitate PGD screening.
authors.affiliation: Shady Grove Fertility Reproductive Science Center, Rockville, Maryland 20850, USA. taer.han@integramed.com
authors.forename: Taylor S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Arthur W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Sagoskin
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liebermann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007834:Lasers; D008297:Male; D009134:Muscular Atrophy, Spinal / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D019836:Preimplantation Diagnosis / Q000379:methods; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D016896:Treatment Outcome