title: Impaired neuronal migration and endochondral ossification in Pex7 knockout mice: a model for rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata.
abstract: Rhizomelic chondrodysplasia punctata is a human autosomal recessive disorder characterized by skeletal, eye and brain abnormalities. The disorder is caused by mutations in the PEX7 gene, which encodes the receptor for a class of peroxisomal matrix enzymes. We describe the generation and characterization of a Pex7 mouse knockout (Pex7(-/-)). Pex7(-/-) mice are born severely hypotonic and have a growth impairment. Mortality in Pex7(-/-) mice is highest in the perinatal period although some Pex7(-/-) mice survived beyond 18 months. Biochemically Pex7(-/-) mice display the abnormalities related to a Pex7 deficiency, i.e. a severe depletion of plasmalogens, impaired alpha-oxidation of phytanic acid and impaired beta-oxidation of very-long-chain fatty acids. In the intermediate zone of the developing cerebral cortex Pex7(-/-) mice have an increase in neuronal density. In vivo neuronal birthdating revealed that Pex7(-/-) mice have a delay in neuronal migration. Analysis of bone ossification in newborn Pex7(-/-) mice revealed a defect in ossification of distal bone elements of the limbs as well as parts of the skull and vertebrae. These findings demonstrate that Pex7 knockout mice provide an important model to study the role of peroxisomal functioning in the pathogenesis of the human disorder.
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Center, Laboratory of Genetic Metabolic Diseases F0-224, Meibergdreef 9, 1105AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brites
authors.forename: Alison M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Motley
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gressens
authors.forename: Petra A W
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mooyer
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ploegaert
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Everts
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Evrard
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carmeliet
authors.forename: Mieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dewerchin
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schoonjans
authors.forename: Marinus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duran
authors.forename: Hans R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Waterham
authors.forename: Ronald J A
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wanders
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baes
mesh_terms: D000101:Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018902:Chondrodysplasia Punctata, Rhizomelic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004032:Diet; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D018390:Gene Targeting; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009154:Mutation; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000074437:Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000378:metabolism; D010831:Phytanic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D010836:Phytol / Q000378:metabolism; D010955:Plasmalogens / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C000614269:PEX7 protein, human; D000074437:Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor; D010955:Plasmalogens; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D010831:Phytanic Acid; D010836:Phytol; D000101:Acetyl-CoA C-Acetyltransferase