title: A comparison of cyclizine, ondansetron and placebo as prophylaxis against postoperative nausea and vomiting in children.
abstract: Nausea and vomiting is a relevant and common problem with unfavourable sequelae in children undergoing some plastic surgery procedures. There is a lack of anti-emetic trials performed in children, with only a few investigating the roles of the older anti-emetic agents such as cyclizine compared with newer ones such as ondansetron. This randomised, controlled, double-blind study examined the effectiveness of a single dose of ondansetron (0.1 mg x kg-1), cyclizine (20 mg) and placebo (normal saline) in the prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting in 150 children (mean age 3.6 years) undergoing plastic genitourinary procedures. Rates of previous postoperative nausea and vomiting and motion sickness were comparable across the groups. Postoperative vomiting was significantly reduced with ondansetron prophylaxis (p = 0.006) but there was no detectable anti-emetic effect with cyclizine. Furthermore, cyclizine caused pain on injection (p < 0.001).
authors.affiliation: Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Titley
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Whitehurst
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003501:Cyclizine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000932:Antiemetics; D017294:Ondansetron; D009020:Morphine; D003501:Cyclizine