title: Caspase-8 and caspase-10 activate NF-kappaB through RIP, NIK and IKKalpha kinases.
abstract: NF-kappaB regulates the expression of various genes involved in cell growth and differentiation, immune response and inhibition of apoptosis. Recently, some death effector domain (DED)-containing proteins, such as FADD and c-FLIP were reported to activate NF-kappaB. We previously reported that the prodomain-only isoforms of caspase-8 and -10 (PDCasp8/10), containing two DED motifs, could inhibit Fas-mediated apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate that these isoforms also activate NF-kappaB, implying this to be one of the mechanisms by which these polypeptides inhibit apoptosis. The GST pull-down assay revealed that, among upstream kinases that activate NF-kappaB, only NIK and RIP, but not RICK or IKKalpha/beta, could directly bind to PDCasp8/10. In addition, both modules ofDED in PDCasp8/10 were required for these interactions as well as NF-kappaB activation. Experiments using a kinase-dead mutant of IKKalpha and an RIP mutant lacking a kinase domain, both of which function as dominant-negative mutants for their wild-type counterparts, blocked PDCasp8/10-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Using small interfering RNA technology, we further demonstrate that the down-regulation of IKKalpha but not IKKbeta significantly inhibits PDCasp8-mediated NF-kappaB activation. Taken together, these results suggest that caspase-8 and -10 have roles in a non- or anti-apoptotic signaling pathway leading to NF-kappaB activation through RIP, NIK and IKKalpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, 3-35-31 Taishido, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 154-8567, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shikama
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyashita
mesh_terms: D053455:Caspase 10; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D017384:Sequence Deletion / Q000502:physiology; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase
chemical_list: D053455:Caspase 10; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011506:Proteins; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000097782:NF-kappaB-Inducing Kinase; C506249:RIPK1 protein, human; C496559:CHUK protein, human; C496560:IKBKB protein, human; C496565:IKBKE protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; C506438:CASP10 protein, human