title: Engineered cellular response to scaffold architecture in a rabbit trephine defect.
abstract: Tight control of pore architecture in porous scaffolds for bone repair is critical for a fully elucidated tissue response. Solid freeform fabrication (SFF) enables construction of scaffolds with tightly controlled pore architecture. Four types of porous scaffolds were constructed using SFF and evaluated in an 8-mm rabbit trephine defect at 8 and 16 weeks (n = 6): a lactide/glycolide (50:50) copolymer scaffold with 20% w/w tri-calcium phosphate and random porous architecture (Group 1); another identical design made from poly(desaminotyrosyl-tyrosine ethyl ester carbonate) [poly(DTE carbonate)], a tyrosine-derived pseudo-polyamino acid (Group 2); and two poly(DTE carbonate) scaffolds containing 500 microm pores separated by 500-microm thick walls, one type with solid walls (Group 3), and one type with microporous walls (Group 4). A commercially available coralline scaffold (Interpore) with a 486-microm average pore size and empty defects were used as controls. There was no significant difference in the overall amount of bone ingrowth in any of the devices, as found by radiographic analysis, but patterns of bone formation matched the morphology of the scaffold. These results suggest that controlled scaffold architecture can be superimposed on biomaterial composition to design and construct scaffolds with improved fill time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, New Jersey 07103-2714, USA.
authors.forename: Joshua L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Tithi Dutta
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: J Russell
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: E Dianne
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Rekow
authors.forename: Van P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kemnitzer
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ricci
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000378:metabolism*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology*; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011817:Rabbits; D012886:Skull / Q000502:physiology; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014207:Trephining
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes