title: Clinical complications with implants and implant prostheses.
abstract: The purpose of this article is to identify the types of complications that have been reported in conjunction with endosseous root form implants and associated implant prostheses. A Medline and an extensive hand search were performed on English-language publications beginning in 1981. The searches focused on publications that contained clinical data regarding success/failure/complications. The complications were divided into the following 6 categories: surgical, implant loss, bone loss, peri-implant soft tissue, mechanical, and esthetic/phonetic. The raw data were combined from multiple studies and means calculated to identify trends noted in the incidences of complications. The most common implant complications (those with a greater than a 15% incidence) were loosening of the overdenture retentive mechanism (33%), implant loss in irradiated maxillae (25%), hemorrhage-related complications (24%), resin veneer fracture with fixed partial dentures (22%), implant loss with maxillary overdentures (21%), overdentures needing to be relined (19%), implant loss in type IV bone (16%), and overdenture clip/attachment fracture (16%). It was not possible to calculate an overall complications incidence for implant prostheses because there were not multiple clinical studies that simultaneously evaluated all or most of the categories of complications. Although the implant data had to be obtained from different studies, they do indicate a trend toward a greater incidence of complications with implant prostheses than single crowns, fixed partial dentures, all-ceramic crowns, resin-bonded prostheses, and posts and cores.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Calif 92350, USA. cgoodacre@sd.llu.edu
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Goodacre
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bernal
authors.forename: Kitichai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rungcharassaeng
authors.forename: Joseph Y K
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kan
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology; D015519:Bone Density; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003801:Dental Veneers; D003823:Denture Rebasing; D003781:Denture Retention; D003828:Denture, Overlay; D003830:Denture, Partial, Fixed; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D006801:Humans; D006472:Oral Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants