title: The expression of DCC protein in female breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The deleted in colorectal cancer (DCC) gene has been shown to be frequently deleted or its expression reduced or absent in glioblastomas, colorectal, gastro-intestinal, pancreatic and prostatic tumors. In the present study, we investigated the expression of DCC in surgical specimen from 75 patients with primary breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of the DCC, estrogen receptors (ER), and progesterone receptors (PR) was studied in 75 surgical specimens of primary breast cancer using an immunohistochemical method. To evaluate the outcomes of the breast cancer patients, we followed up the patients during minimum of 10 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduced or loss of expression of DCC was identified in 45 out of 75 samples. There were significant differences between cases without metastasis or local recurrences versus these with metastasis or local recurrences (p = 0.006), and between patients alive with no evidence of malignancy versus those with recurrence or dead of disease (p = 0.005). There were no significant differences between the DCC status and age, sex, tumor location, stage, grade, or proportion of patients who received adjuvant therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that a decrease in DCC expression may influence the prognosis of breast carcinoma patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hasharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel. rumelia@isdnmail.co.il
authors.forename: Rumelia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koren
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dekel
authors.forename: Evgeny
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: Yona
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Weissman
authors.forename: Zeev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dreznik
authors.forename: Baruch
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Rivka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gal
mesh_terms: D001940:Breast / Q000378:metabolism*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D000075389:DCC Receptor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D000075389:DCC Receptor; C501909:DCC protein, human; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins