title: Protection against experimental small intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion injury with oxygenated perfluorochemical.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury frequently occurs in abdominal surgery. Perfluorochemical (PFC) can be used to oxygenate intestinal organs directly and allows adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) production within the submerged organs during ischaemia. This study was designed to evaluate the protective effect of PFC in IR injury, focusing on cytokine production in rat small intestine.
  
  
  METHODS
  The superior mesenteric artery was occluded in rats for 60 min and the small bowel placed in an intestinal bag containing either normal saline (group 1), oxygenated saline (group 2) or oxygenated PFC (group 3). The arterial clip was subsequently removed, allowing reperfusion. The number of rats that survived for 7 days, tissue ATP levels, biochemical variables, tissue lipid peroxidation (LPO), bacterial cultures and histological changes were examined after reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of oxygenated PFC in group 3 improved survival compared with the other groups. Serum creatine phosphokinase and lactate dehydrogenase levels in groups 1 and 2 reflected small intestinal damage, and plasma levels of tumour necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 were raised. In contrast, oxygenated PFC decreased these levels, and reduced LPO, bacterial translocation and augmented apoptosis of the small intestine after reperfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An intestinal bag containing oxygenated PFC showed protective effects during bowel ischaemia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Department of Clinical Molecular Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan. yasu120@med.kobe-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kakinoki
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanioka
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuroda
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000098:blood supply*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D005466:Fluorocarbons; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D003402:Creatine Kinase