title: Survey of human-use adjuvants.
abstract: Although there are only four adjuvants used in licensed vaccines for humans, a wealth of information on novel vaccine adjuvants has become available in both animal models and clinical studies over the past decade. Many vaccine candidates require immunopotentiation to achieve a satisfactory immune response, which is driving the search for new and safer approaches. In this review, we take a brief look at what is known of the mechanisms of action, consider some of the elements of product development, then survey several of the classes of adjuvants within the context of human trials.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Development, Iomai Corporation, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, USA. rkenney@iomai.com
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Kenney
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Edelman
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D023421:Models, Animal; D018448:Models, Immunological; D012449:Safety; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D014612:Vaccines