title: An in vivo study of the antioxidant potentials of a plant food concentrate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A plant food concentrate (PF) is a source of antioxidants. Its influence on antioxidant status has never been studied. The present longitudinal study investigated the antioxidant and lipidemic responses in 15 moderately hypercholesterolemic (>5.2 mmol/L) male subjects to the supplemental intakes of PF.
  
  
  METHODS
  The participants underwent a two-week period where any previous supplemental intakes were withdrawn. This was followed by a two-week baseline period at entry (control). The baseline period was followed by taking PF concentrate (8.5 g twice daily) for two weeks followed by a washout period for two weeks. All subjects completed food frequency questionnaires at pre-supplemental (baseline) and post-PF period. Fasting heparinized and EDTA blood samples were collected at the end of each period. Erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD), whole blood glutathione peroxidase (GPX) and plasma concentrations of zinc and copper, along with plasma levels of lipids, were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PF supplement contributed significantly to the daily intakes of total dietary fiber. The zinc and copper-dependent SOD but not GPX activity were significantly elevated. The total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations in the plasma were significantly decreased while the ratio of HDL/LDL cholesterol was increased post-PF intake.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the antioxidant and cholesterol status of moderately hypercholesterolemic subjects can be potentially improved with the supplemental intake of PF concentrate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2P5, Canada.
authors.forename: Vincent E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Ziccarelli
authors.forename: Tapan K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Basu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D003300:Copper / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015032:Zinc / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D010936:Plant Extracts; D003300:Copper; D002784:Cholesterol; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D015032:Zinc