title: Untreated depression and hippocampal volume loss.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of antidepressant treatment on hippocampal volumes in patients with major depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  For 38 female outpatients, the total time each had been in a depressive episode was divided into days during which the patient was receiving antidepressant medication and days during which no antidepressant treatment was received. Hippocampal gray matter volumes were determined by high resolution magnetic resonance imaging and unbiased stereological measurement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Longer durations during which depressive episodes went untreated with antidepressant medication were associated with reductions in hippocampal volume. There was no significant relationship between hippocampal volume loss and time depressed while taking antidepressant medication or with lifetime exposure to antidepressants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antidepressants may have a neuroprotective effect during depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Mallinckrodt Institute of Tadiology, Washington Univeristsy School of Medicine, St Louis, MO 63110, USA. yvette@npg.wustl.edu
authors.forename: Yvette I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Sheline
authors.forename: Mokhtar H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Gado
authors.forename: Helena C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kraemer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents