title: Accelerated vaccination for Ebola virus haemorrhagic fever in non-human primates.
abstract: Containment of highly lethal Ebola virus outbreaks poses a serious public health challenge. Although an experimental vaccine has successfully protected non-human primates against disease, more than six months was required to complete the immunizations, making it impractical to limit an acute epidemic. Here, we report the development of accelerated vaccination against Ebola virus in non-human primates. The antibody response to immunization with an adenoviral (ADV) vector encoding the Ebola glycoprotein (GP) was induced more rapidly than with DNA priming and ADV boosting, but it was of lower magnitude. To determine whether this earlier immune response could nonetheless protect against disease, cynomolgus macaques were challenged with Ebola virus after vaccination with ADV-GP and nucleoprotein (NP) vectors. Protection was highly effective and correlated with the generation of Ebola-specific CD8(+) T-cell and antibody responses. Even when animals were immunized once with ADV-GP/NP and challenged 28 days later, they remained resistant to challenge with either low or high doses of virus. This accelerated vaccine provides an intervention that may help to limit the epidemic spread of Ebola, and is applicable to other viruses.
authors.affiliation: Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bldg. 40, Room 4502, MSC 3005, 40 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3005, USA.
authors.forename: Nancy J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Geisbert
authors.forename: Joan B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Geisbert
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zhi-Yong
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roederer
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Koup
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Jahrling
authors.forename: Gary J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Nabel
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D008252:Macaca fascicularis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014765:Viral Vaccines