title: The DNA minor groove-alkylating cyclopropylpyrroloindole drugs adozelesin and bizelesin induce different DNA damage response pathways in human colon carcinoma HCT116 cells.
abstract: As members of the cyclopropylpyrroloindole family, adozelesin and bizelesin cause genomic DNA lesions by alkylating DNA. Adozelesin induces single-strand DNA lesions, whereas bizelesin induces both single-strand lesions and double-strand DNA cross-links. At equivalent cytotoxic concentrations, these agents caused different biological responses. Low adozelesin concentrations (e.g., 0.5 nM) induced a transient S-phase block and cell cycle arrest in G(2)-M, as well as increased induction of p53 and p21, whereas a high drug concentration (e.g., 2.5 nM) caused apoptosis but no p21 induction. In contrast, both low and high bizelesin concentrations enhanced p53 and p21 induction and triggered G(2)-M cell cycle arrest and eventual senescence without significant apoptotic cell death. However, in cells lacking p21, bizelesin, as well as adozelesin, triggered apoptosis, indicating that p21 was crucial to sustained bizelesin-induced G(2)-M arrest. Thus, despite similar abilities to alkylate DNA, the chemotherapeutic agents adozelesin and bizelesin caused a decrease in HCT116 tumor cell proliferation by different pathways (i.e., adozelesin induced apoptosis, and bizelesin induced senescence).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA.
authors.forename: Pei-rang
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Mary M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: McHugh
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Melendy
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Beerman
mesh_terms: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001572:Benzofurans; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D004249:DNA Damage; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000080890:Duocarmycins; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D001572:Benzofurans; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D003509:Cyclohexanecarboxylic Acids; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D000080890:Duocarmycins; D007211:Indoles; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C060090:adozelesin; D014508:Urea; C072257:bizelesin