title: Hematopoietic prostaglandin D synthase.
abstract: The biological actions of prostaglandin (PG) D(2) include vasodilatation, bronchoconstriction, inhibition of platelet aggregation, and recruitment of inflammatory cells. Characterization of DP receptor null mice in which antigen-induced airway and inflammatory responses are attenuated and identification of CRTH2 as a novel PGD(2) receptor have shed light on the role of PGD(2) in the immune and inflammatory responses. Hematopoietic PGD synthase (H-PGDS) is a cytosolic enzyme that isomerizes PGH(2), a common precursor for all PGs and thromboxanes, to PGD(2) in a glutathione-dependent manner. H-PGDS is expressed in mast cells, antigen-presenting cells, and Th2 cells, and is the only mammalian member of the Sigma class of cytosolic glutathione S-transferases. In this review, we focus on the molecular biology of H-PGDS, the determination of its three-dimensional structure, characterization of the regulation of its gene expression, and information gleaned from transgenic animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Smith Building, Room 626C One Jimmy Fund Way, Boston, MA 02115, USA. ykanaoka@rics.bwh.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanaoka
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Urade
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D015870:Gene Expression; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006413:Hematopoietic System / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054834:Lipocalins; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D010880:Piperidines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C116322:4-benzhydryloxy-1-(3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl-)-propyl)piperidine; D054834:Lipocalins; D010880:Piperidines; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C022466:prostaglandin R2 D-isomerase; D005978:Glutathione; D015230:Prostaglandin D2