title: Tailoring chemotherapy in advanced colorectal cancer.
abstract: In this post-genomic era, the individualization of chemotherapy through the study of pharmacogenetics is becoming an ever attainable reality. Keys to individual variations in drug response and toxicity are being identified through the study of drug targets, metabolizing enzymes, efflux and DNA repair systems at the genomic, mRNA and protein levels. Several promising pharmacogenetic candidates with predictive and/or prognostic value have been identified. These candidates, along with others yet to be identified, could in the near future allow for the tailoring of therapy with an ever increasing chemotherapeutic armamentarium. Well-designed and large prospective analyses, which include relevant pharmacogenetic parameters, are needed to confirm the initial clinical associations reported thus far.
authors.affiliation: University of Southern California/Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Keck School of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, 1441 Eastlake Ave #3440, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stoehlmacher
authors.forename: Heinz-Josef
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lenz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D004265:DNA Helicases; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D042943:Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP) / Q000378:metabolism; D004720:Endonucleases; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D017671:Platinum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002166:Camptothecin; D004265:DNA Helicases; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D042943:Dihydrouracil Dehydrogenase (NADP); D004720:Endonucleases; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D005472:Fluorouracil; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D000077146:Irinotecan; D017671:Platinum Compounds; D011506:Proteins; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein; D000099148:UGT1A1 Enzyme; C071447:ERCC1 protein, human; C497292:ERCC2 protein, human