title: Myocardial glucose uptake after dobutamine stress in chronic hibernating swine myocardium.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with hibernating myocardium, regional uptake of the glucose analog 2-fluorine 18-fluoro-2-deoxy-d-glucose (FDG) is increased under resting conditions. It is unclear whether the degree of increased FDG uptake correlates with the degree of impaired blood flow response and whether chronic changes in the glucose transporters may play a role in the enhanced FDG uptake under fasted conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve swine were instrumented with a constrictor on the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Serial echocardiography and positron emission tomography studies were done to assess temporal changes in myocardial function, blood flow, and FDG uptake. One week after surgery (early study), wall thickening, blood flow, and postdobutamine FDG uptake in LAD and remote territories were similar. By approximately 6 weeks (late study), baseline wall thickening in the LAD region was lower than in remote regions (20% +/- 7% and 36% +/- 6%, P <.05), as was dobutamine-stimulated blood flow (0.92 +/- 0.16 mL. min(-1). g(-1) and 1.17 +/- 0.20 mL. min(-1). g(-1) in LAD and remote regions, respectively; P <.05). After the dobutamine infusion, FDG uptake in the LAD region during fasted conditions was higher than in remote regions (0.128 +/- 0.053 micromol. min(-1). g(-1) and 0.098 +/- 0.044 micromol. min(-1). g(-1), respectively; P <.05), and the increase was proportional to the impairment in dobutamine blood flow (r(2) = 0.62, P <.001). After the animals were killed, the LAD region showed a higher content of GLUT4 by immunoblots and a greater degree of translocation as estimated by immunohistochemistry. In 5 additional hibernating pigs studied under resting fasted conditions, FDG uptake and GLUT4 translocation were also higher in the LAD region, in the absence of dobutamine stimulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In hibernating myocardium, regional FDG uptake under fasting conditions is higher than in remote regions, both at rest and after an infusion of dobutamine. The degree of poststress FDG uptake is proportional to the impaired stress-induced blood flow. Total GLUT4 content as well as membrane-bound protein is higher in the hibernating tissue, and these changes may facilitate the observed increase in FDG uptake.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology (111C), VA Medical Center, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA. mcfal001@tc.umn.edu
authors.forename: Edward O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: McFalls
authors.forename: Bilal
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Murad
authors.forename: Howard C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Haspel
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marx
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sikora
authors.forename: Herbert B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004280:Dobutamine; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005947:Glucose / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D017682:Myocardial Stunning / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000139:chemically induced; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D004280:Dobutamine; D005947:Glucose