title: Brain and systemic temperature in patients with severe subarachnoid hemorrhage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The significance of brain temperature (BT) in patients with severe brain damage remains unclear. This study investigated the relationships between BT, systemic temperature (ST), and clinical outcome in patients with severe subarachnoid hemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one comatose patients with severe subarachnoid hemorrhage underwent ventricular drainage immediately after admission. The ventricular catheter also allowed monitoring of BT. ST was continuously measured using a bladder catheter with thermistor probe.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BT at the start of the monitoring was lower than ST in four patients, and all died of brain swelling. BT was higher than ST at first but later fell below ST ("temperature reversal") in 12 patients, who all died of acute brain swelling. BT was higher than ST throughout the monitoring in 15 patients. Five of these patients died of causes other than brain swelling such as rerupture of the cerebral aneurysm, multiple organ failure, or respiratory failure. The other 10 patients survived with various degrees of disability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Observation of BT and ST can predict the outcome of severe subarachnoid hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Iwate Medical University, Morioka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasunari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otawara
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogasawara
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomitsuka
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Michiyasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001831:Body Temperature; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome