title: High circulating frequencies of tumor necrosis factor alpha- and interleukin-2-secreting human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-specific CD4+ T cells in patients with HTLV-1-associated neurological disease.
abstract: Significantly higher frequencies of tumor necrosis factor alpha- and interleukin-2-secreting human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-specific CD4(+) T cells were present in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HTLV-1-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) patients than in those of asymptomatic carriers with similar provirus loads. The data suggest that HTLV-1-specific CD4(+) T cells play a role in the pathogenesis of HAM/TSP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Imperial College London, London W2 1PG, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Peter K C
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Goon
authors.forename: Tadahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Igakura
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hanon
authors.forename: Angelina J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mosley
authors.forename: Becca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Asquith
authors.forename: Keith G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: Graham P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Jonathan N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Charles R M
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bangham
mesh_terms: D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D002353:Carrier State / Q000276:immunology; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015493:Paraparesis, Tropical Spastic / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D011533:Proviruses / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D004768:Enterotoxins; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008233:Lymphotoxin-alpha; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate