title: Fundamental dimensions of subjective state in performance settings: task engagement, distress, and worry.
abstract: Subjective state constructs are defined within the traditional domains of affect, motivation, and cognition. Currently, there is no overarching state model that interrelates constructs within the different domains. This article reports 3 studies that provide converging evidence for 3 fundamental state dimensions labeled task engagement, distress, and worry that integrate constructs across the traditional domains. Study 1 differentiated the state dimensions by factor analysis of the scales of the Dundee Stress State Questionnaire (G. Matthews et al., 1999). Study 2 showed differential state response to performance of tasks making different cognitive demands. Study 3 showed that states are correlated with differing patterns of appraisal and coping. The 3 stress state dimensions provide a general descriptive framework consistent with transactional accounts of stress and performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA. matthegd@email.uc.edu
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Sian E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Shona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Falconer
authors.forename: Lucy A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Joyner
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huggins
authors.forename: Kirby
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gilliland
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grier
authors.forename: Joel S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Warm
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D001143:Arousal; D001288:Attention; D001307:Auditory Perception; D001364:Awareness; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D011340:Problem Solving; D011930:Reaction Time; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology