title: Oxidation of glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase enhances its binding to nucleic acids.
abstract: Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) is a protein with various activities far from its enzymatic function. Here, we showed that the oxidation of SH-groups of the active site of GAPDH enhanced its binding with total transfer RNA or with total DNA. Both NAD and NADH-the cofactors of GAPDH-inhibited the GAPDH-RNA (DNA) interaction, though NAD was much less effective than NADH in the case of oxidized GAPDH. Oxidation of GAPDH strongly decreased its affinity to NAD but not to NADH. Immobilized tetramers of GAPDH dissociated into dimers during the incubation with total RNA but not DNA. The staining of HeLa cells with monoclonal antibodies specific to dimers, monomers or the denatured form of GAPDH revealed the condensation of non-native forms of GAPDH in the nucleus. The role of oxidation of GAPDH in the regulation of the quaternary structure of the enzyme and in its interaction with nucleic acids is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow 19992, Russia.
authors.forename: Elena I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Arutyunova
authors.forename: Pauline V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Danshina
authors.forename: Lydia V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Domnina
authors.forename: Anatoliy P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Pleten
authors.forename: Vladimir I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Muronetz
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D024581:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating) / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011485:Protein Binding; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009243:NAD; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA; D024581:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase (Phosphorylating)