title: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL), TRAIL receptors, and the soluble receptor osteoprotegerin in human gestational membranes and amniotic fluid during pregnancy and labor at term and preterm.
abstract: We have studied TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its membrane-bound (R1-R4) and soluble receptors [osteoprotegerin (OPG)] in gestational membranes to assess their significance in preterm parturition and premature rupture of membranes (PROM). TRAIL was detected by ELISA in extracts of term choriodecidual (but not amnion) tissues and explant-conditioned media. Concentrations of OPG (determined using ELISA) in gestational membranes were 20- to 50-fold greater than those of TRAIL. Median OPG concentrations in amniotic fluid (AF) at 15-17 wk gestation were similar to those at term before and during labor, whereas levels in pregnancies sampled preterm were significantly elevated. OPG levels in AF from women with preterm PROM were similar to those from women in preterm labor. In contrast, in pooled AF samples (n = 23-33), TRAIL concentrations at term with and without labor were elevated compared with samples from preterm deliveries. TRAIL-R3 and -R4 decoy receptors were detected in term amnion and choriodecidual extracts by immunoblotting and were localized by immunohistochemistry to amnion epithelial cells and chorionic trophoblasts. TRAIL (100 ng/ml) had little or no effect on amnion or choriodecidual cell viability or apoptosis, although these tissues responded to TNF-alpha with increased prostaglandin E(2) production. Our findings suggest that OPG is abundant in gestational membranes and, in concert with TRAIL decoy receptors, may protect resident cells of the fetal membranes against the proapoptotic effects of TRAIL and other related ligands during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Liggins Institute, University of Auckland Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lonergan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Aponso
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Marvin
authors.forename: R J A
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Helliwell
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chaiwaropongsa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Keelan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D003656:Decidua / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008566:Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000503:physiopathology; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000378:metabolism*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D053320:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 10c; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053320:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 10c; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C105190:TNFRSF10A protein, human; C505639:TNFRSF10B protein, human; C108661:TNFRSF10C protein, human; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha