title: Levels of expression of lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenase-2 in human breast cancer.
abstract: Lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenase are key mediators of arachidonic acid metabolism. The eicosanoids metabolites from these oxygynases have been shown to regulate the growth and death of cancer cells. This study determined the level of expression of 5-, 12-, 15-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in a cohort of breast cancer patients and their correlation with clinical outcomes. Compared with normal breast tissues, tumour tissues exhibited a significantly higher levels of 12-lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase-2 (P<0.05), and significantly lower level of 15-lipoxygenase (P=0.05). Lobular carcinomas had a higher level of cyclooxygenase-2 and lower level of 15-lipoxygenase than ductal carcinomas. The lowest level of 15-lipoxygenase was seen in TNM3 and TNM4 tumours and from patients who died of breast cancer. Levels of 12- and 5-lipoxygenases were also particularly high in tumours from patients who died of breast cancer. This study shows that human breast tumours aberrantly express lipoxygenases and cyclooxygenase-2 and that decreased level of 15-lipoxygenase and raised level of cyclooxygenase-2 and 12-lipoxygenase has prognostic value in patients with breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Metastasis Research Group, University Department of Surgery, University of Wales College of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK. jiangw@cf.ac.uk
authors.forename: Wen G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Douglas-Jones
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Mansel
mesh_terms: D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011379:Prognosis; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D008084:Lipoxygenase; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases