Vertical transmission of HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
A cohort of 297 HIV-infected pregnant women was followed from January 1996 to December 2001. The overall transmission rate was 3.57% and remained constant over time. Low birth-weight was independently associated with a higher risk of vertical transmission (P=0.0072), whereas a longer duration of antiretroviral drugs during pregnancy was independently associated with a lower risk of transmission (P=0.0084). Further decreases in transmission should be obtained by initiating prophylaxis earlier in pregnancy.
João
Esaú Custódio
EC
Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital dos Servidores do Estado, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Cruz
Maria Letícia
ML
Menezes
Jacqueline A
JA
Matos
Haroldo J
HJ
Calvet
Guilherme A
GA
d'Ippolito
Marcos M
MM
Salgado
Luísa T
LT
Silva
Sonia S
SS
Bazin
Gabriela R
GR
Braga
Ricardo C
RC
D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D019259:Lamivudine; D015215:Zidovudine