title: Restenosis after carotid angioplasty and stenting: a follow-up study with duplex ultrasonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively document the incidence, location, risk factors for and clinical consequences of restenosis after carotid artery angioplasty and stenting (CAS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial duplex and neurological examinations were performed in 217 patients one day (n = 216), 3 (n = 189), 12 (n = 129) and 24 (n = 48) months, after CAS. The relationship between patient, lesion and procedure variables and restenosis was determined at 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of restenosis > or = 50% was 14, 16, 18, and 21%, respectively, and was only significantly related with loss of proximal stent apposition (odds ratio 3.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.0-11.7, p < 0.05). Four restenoses were symptomatic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Restenosis after CAS is common, unpredictable but infrequently symptomatic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, St Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, Utrecht 3430 EM, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Christiaans
authors.forename: J M P G
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ernst
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Suttorp
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: T Th C
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Overtoom
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kelder
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Mauser
authors.forename: R G A
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Ackerstaff
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D015607:Stents; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex