title: Association of genetic polymorphisms of glutathione-S-transferase genes (GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1) with familial prostate cancer risk in a Japanese population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Glutathione-S-transferases (GSTs) are active in the detoxification of a wide variety of toxins and carcinogens. The genetic polymorphisms of GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genes have been studied to estimate the relative risk of various cancers. In the current study, we examined the association of the GST gene polymorphisms with familial prostate cancer in a Japanese population by performing a case-control study consisting of 81 familial prostate cancer cases and 105 normal controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  No significant association of the GSTM1 and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms with familial prostate cancer risk was found; however, the Val/Val genotype of the GSTP1 gene significantly increased risk (OR = 9.31, 95% CI = 0.47-184, p = 0.030). The combination analysis of genotypes of the three genes showed that presence of two high-risk genotypes, i.e., null genotype of the GSTM1 or GSTT1 gene, or any Val genotypes of the GSP1 gene, significantly increased the risk of prostate cancer (OR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.08-6.59, p = 0.03). Stratification of cases according to the pathological grade or the clinical stage showed no significant differences among categories.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, we found that genotypes of GSTs, especially the Val-allele of the GSTP1 gene and the combination of three genotypes, were associated with familial prostate cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Gunma University School of Medicine, 3-39-22 Showa-machi, Maebashi, 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Haruki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koike
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okugi
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohtake
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hasumi
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D007527:Isoenzymes; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human