Interneuron Diversity series: Rhythm and mood in perisomatic inhibition.
GABAergic interneurons innervating the perisomatic region of pyramidal cells control population discharge patterns, and thereby all cognitive operations in the cerebral cortex. A striking dichotomy in the function of this interneuron population seems to emerge from the synthesis of recent molecular, anatomical and electrophysiological data. Synaptically and electrically coupled networks of parvalbumin-containing basket cells operate as a non-plastic, precision clockwork for gamma and theta oscillations, and are indispensable for basic cortical processing. By contrast, a highly modifiable interneuron syncytium containing cholecystokinin carries information from subcortical pathways about the emotional, motivational and general physiological state of the animal, and appears to be involved in the fine-tuning of network cooperativity. Impairment of this inhibitory mechanism is likely to result in mood disorders such as anxiety.
Freund
Tamás F
TF
Institute of Experimental Medicine, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, PO Box 67, H-1450, Hungary. freund@koki.hu
D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002766:Cholecystokinin / Q000378:metabolism; D003344:Cortical Synchronization; D007395:Interneurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology; D009433:Neural Inhibition; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D010320:Parvalbumins / Q000378:metabolism; D010507:Periodicity; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000502:physiology; D013826:Theta Rhythm; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
D010320:Parvalbumins; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D002766:Cholecystokinin