title: In vitro susceptibility of 4903 bacterial isolates to gemifloxacin--an advanced fluoroquinolone.
abstract: The in vitro activity of gemifloxacin against over 4900 bacterial isolates was determined by microbroth dilution with interpretation in accordance with NCCLS guidelines. Susceptibility results were compared with those for ciprofloxacin, gatifloxacin, levofloxacin and moxifloxacin. Gemifloxacin and the other fluoroquinolones were not affected by either beta-lactamase production or penicillin-resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae. The MIC90 values for gemifloxacin were: S. pneumoniae 0.063 mg/l; Haemophilus influenzae 0.016 mg/l; Moraxella catarrhalis 0.008 mg/l, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus 0.063 mg/l; methicillin-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes 0.031 mg/l; Enterobacteriaceae 0.031-0.16 mg/l; Pseudomonas aeruginosa 4 mg/l; Neisseria meningitidis 0.008 mg/l. The MIC90 for gemifloxacin was lower than those for the other quinolones tested against S. pneumoniae (ciprofloxacin 2-4 mg/l, gatifloxacin 0.5 mg/l, levofloxacin 1-2 mg/l, moxifloxacin 0.25 mg/l). This study confirms the enhanced potent activity of gemifloxacin against Gram-positive pathogens, its broad-spectrum, Gram-negative activity and indicates that gemifloxacin is likely to have an important role in treating patients with Gram-positive and/or Gram-negative infections.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Clinical Microbiology, Saskatoon District Health and St. Paul's Hospital (Grey Nuns'), Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 0W8. blondeauj@sdh.sk.ca
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Blondeau
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Metzler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Borsos
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Irvine
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Blanco
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002170:Canada; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077735:Gemifloxacin; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009287:Naphthyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009287:Naphthyridines; D000077735:Gemifloxacin