title: Bone morphogenetic protein-4 gene polymorphism and early marginal bone loss around endosseous implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  At stage II surgery during dental implant treatment, early marginal bone loss around the implant occasionally occurs despite a lack of apparent causal events, and the etiology of this bone loss is unclear. This study was designed to investigate whether the bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4) genetic polymorphism is associated with early marginal bone loss around implants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The BMP-4 polymorphism was detected by restriction fragment length analysis using HphI digestion after polymerase chain reaction. A total of 262 implants were placed in 41 patients, and early marginal bone loss was observed in 25 of the 109 maxillary implants and 14 of the 153 mandibular implants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the mandible, the patients with the BMP-4 AV genotype had a significantly higher rate of occurrence of marginal bone loss than those with the BMP-4 W genotype (P = .012). According to multiple logistic regression analyses, the odds ratio of the AV versus the W BMP-4 genotype was 8.106 between patients with and those without bone loss in the mandible (95% CI = 1.30 to 50.51; P = .025).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the BMP-4 genetic polymorphism influences early marginal bone loss around implants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While perhaps premature in recommendation, genetic screening before implant surgery may prove to be a very useful aid to consider the risk of implant treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Osaka Dental University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan. nskshimpuku@aol.com
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimpuku
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nosaka
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tachi
authors.forename: Mitsuko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000235:genetics*; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000235:genetics; D008439:Maxillary Diseases / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C525809:BMP4 protein, human; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D015921:Dental Implants