Vitamin D and vitamin D analogs as cancer chemopreventive agents.
Epidemiologic studies have associated vitamin D, attained through nutrition and sun exposure, with reduced cancer risk. Although dose-limiting hypercalcemia has limited the use of natural vitamin D in cancer prevention, several promising new synthetic vitamin D analogs (deltanoids) are under development. Examples are KH-1060, EB-1089, 1alpha-hydroxyvitamin D5, vitamin D2, and QW-1624F2-2. Clinical targets for deltanoids include colon, prostate, and breast. Studies to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying the observed efficacy of deltanoids are ongoing. The vitamin D receptor, a steroid/thyroid receptor superfamily member, appears to control most deltanoid effects on proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and angiogenesis.
Guyton
Kathryn Z
KZ
CCS Associates, 2005 Landings Drive, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.
Kensler
Thomas W
TW
Posner
Gary H
GH
D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D013472:Sunlight; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D014807:Vitamin D; D002117:Calcitriol