Cross-sectional and functional imaging of the temporomandibular joint: radiology, pathology, and basic biomechanics of the jaw.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a common site of complaint. Clicking sounds and pain are indicators of a frequent condition called internal derangement, most often affecting females. As a general term, internal derangement describes a structural abnormality within an articulation. The internal derangement of the TMJ is a specific term defined as an abnormal positional and functional relationship between the disk and articulating surfaces. Imaging of the joint is an important element in the diagnostic work-up. Trauma and inflammatory arthritis account for most of the other TMJ problems. A thorough understanding of joint anatomy and normal function is a prerequisite for perceiving abnormalities and making the correct diagnosis. The authors elucidate joint anatomy, correlating cadaveric specimen and anatomic slices with conventional and cross-sectional imaging studies. TMJ biomechanics are illustrated with schematics and animations, and an overview of imaging strategies and techniques is presented. Common abnormalities are described and illustrated, and a brief discussion of therapeutic options is included.
Sommer
Oliver J
OJ
Department of Radiology, Hospital Lainz, Wolkersbergenstrasse 1, Vienna, Austria 1130. oliver.sommer@wienkav.at
Aigner
Felix
F
Rudisch
Ansgar
A
Gruber
Hannes
H
Fritsch
Helga
H
Millesi
Werner
W
Stiskal
Michael
M
D000293:Adolescent; D001168:Arthritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D013706:Temporomandibular Joint Dysfunction Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging