title: DC-SIGN: escape mechanism for pathogens.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are crucial in the defence against pathogens. Invading pathogens are recognized by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) and receptors such as C-type lectins expressed on the surface of DCs. However, it is becoming evident that some pathogens, including viruses, such as HIV-1, and non-viral pathogens, such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, subvert DC functions to escape immune surveillance by targeting the C-type lectin DC-SIGN (DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-grabbing nonintegrin). Notably, these pathogens misuse DC-SIGN by distinct mechanisms that either circumvent antigen processing or alter TLR-mediated signalling, skewing T-cell responses. This implies that adaptation of pathogens to target DC-SIGN might support pathogen survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology Vrije Universiteit Medical Center Amsterdam, v.d. Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Y.vankooyk@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: van Kooyk
authors.forename: Teunis B H
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Geijtenbeek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000276:immunology*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin