Retinoic acid syndrome: manifestations, pathogenesis, and treatment.
All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) is a potent differentiation agent that is effective therapy in acute promyelocytic leukaemia. Although ATRA is generally well tolerated, some patients develop retinoic acid syndrome. This syndrome is manifested by unexplained fever, weight gain, respiratory distress, interstitial pulmonary infiltrates, pleural and pericardial effusion, episodic hypotension, and acute renal failure. However, if identified early enough, effective therapy can be administered. This chapter discusses the clinical aspects and pathogenesis of retinoic acid syndrome.
Larson
Richard S
RS
Department of Pathology, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA. rlarson@salud.unm.edu
Tallman
Martin S
MS
D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D017254:Leukemic Infiltration / Q000139:chemically induced; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D013577:Syndrome; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000009:adverse effects*
D014212:Tretinoin; D003907:Dexamethasone