title: Cumulative social class and mortality from various causes of adult men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is possible that circumstances over the lifecourse contribute to social inequalities in mortality in adulthood. The aim of this study is to assess the cumulative effect of social class at childhood and adulthood on mortality from various causes of death in young adult men.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data consist of census records for all Finnish men born in 1956-60 (112,735 persons and 895,001 person years), and death records (1834 deaths) by cause of death for 1991-98.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mortality from each cause of death increased from the stable non-manual group to mobile groups, and further to the stable manual group. However, mortality in the downwardly mobile group was 150% higher than in the upwardly mobile group. Furthermore, analyses show that mortality was mainly related to current adult social class, though, within each adult social class men with a manual parental background showed slightly increased mortality from cardiovascular disease and from alcohol related causes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In these data the effects of adult social class were stronger than childhood class for all causes of death. It is more useful to differentiate between childhood and adulthood effects than to use a combined measure of social class to assess the contribution of social class at different stages of life on mortality.
authors.affiliation: Population Research Unit, Department of Sociology, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Pensola
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martikainen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000401:mortality; D015982:Bias; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009026:Mortality; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality; D012107:Research Design; D012923:Social Class; D012937:Social Mobility; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013405:Suicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data