title: Community-acquired febrile urinary tract infection in diabetics could deserve a different management: a case-control study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate if there are relevant differences in clinical, microbiological and outcome characteristics of community-acquired febrile urinary tract infection (UTI) between diabetic and nondiabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospectively matched case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  An 800-bed tertiary care university-affiliated hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 108 patients (54 diabetic and 54 nondiabetic patients matched by age and gender) admitted between January 1996 and September 1999 with febrile UTI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical, analytical, microbiological and outcome variables were analysed by means of McNemar test (categorical) or Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test (continuous).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age (SD) in both groups was 67.9 (14.4) years. In comparison with controls, diabetic patients were more likely to have fever without localizing symptoms (27% vs. 9%, P </= 0.0001), diminished consciousness level at admission (25% vs. 10%, P = 0.03), aetiological microorganism different from Escherichia coli (17% vs. 0, P = 0.0004), and quinolone-resistant bacteria (17% vs. 3.7%, P = 0.07). Duration of fever after the onset of treatment was 1.75 (1) days in diabetics and 1.5 (1.1) days in nondiabetics (P = 0.17). However, diabetic patients had a longer hospitalization [5.2 (3.3) days] than nondiabetics [3.9 (2.6) days, P = 0.006].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In diabetic patients, febrile UTIs have clinical and microbiological peculiarities that may have diagnostic and therapeutic implications.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases, Institut Clínic Infeccions i Immunologia (ICII), Hospital Clínic Universitari-IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain. jhorcaja@clinic.ub.es
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Horcajada
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Velasco
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno-Martínez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barranco
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vila
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mensa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000150:complications*; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications*