title: Ex vivo gene therapy with adenovirus-mediated transforming growth factor beta1 expression for endovascular treatment of aneurysm: results in a canine bilateral aneurysm model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endovascular treatment of cerebral aneurysm is safe and effective, but recurrence of disease is frequent compared with results with surgery. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of recombinant transforming growth factor beta(1) (rTGFbeta(1)) secreted by transplanted autologous vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) on results of endovascular treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  VSMC from canine femoral arteries were infected with adenovirus vector encoding rTGFbeta(1)/green fluorescent protein (rTGFbeta(1)/GFP) or GFP only. rTGFbeta(1) production was measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and autocrine and paracrine effects of rTGFbeta(1) on cell functions were quantified with a proliferation assay and collagen synthesis. A bilateral carotid aneurysm model was used to compare angiographic and pathologic results after embolization with sponges seeded (n = 14) or not seeded (n = 34) with VSMC expressing TGFbeta(1) or GFP (n = 7 each). Transgene retention was confirmed with Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vitro, TGFbeta(1) production varied from 0.9 to 180 ng/mL/d with increasing multiplicity of infection (MOI). Collagen synthesis was doubled at low (<300) MOI and increased by one and a half times at high (>or=300) MOI. rTGFbeta(1) was biologically active, as shown with the mink lung epithelial cell proliferation assay. VSMC grafts showed effective GFP expression up to 3 weeks after transplantation. Angiographic results were improved and neointima thickness was increased with cellular grafts, as compared with controls, but there was no significant difference between aneurysms treated with VSMC encoding rTGFbeta(1)/GFP or GFP vectors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cellular grafts can promote healing of aneurysms, but overexpression of rTGFbeta(1)/GFP did not demonstrate added benefits in this model.
authors.affiliation: Research Center, Centre Hospitalaire de l'Université, de Montréal, Notre-Dame Hospital, Montreal, Canada.
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ribourtout
authors.forename: Anne-Cécile
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Desfaits
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Salazkin
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raymond
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae; D000783:Aneurysm / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000792:Angiography; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002339:Carotid Arteries; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1