Evaluation of cisplatin + 5-FU, carboplatin + 5-FU, and ifosfamide + epirubicine regimens using the micronuclei test and nuclear abnormalities in the buccal mucosa.
In the present work, the micronuclei (MN) test was performed in buccal mucosal samples from patients with cancer, with (pre- and post-treatment) and without genotoxic chemotherapy (GC), identified micronucleated cells (MNC) and nuclear abnormalities (binucleated cells (BN), pycnosis (PN), "broken-egg" (BE), condensed chromatin (CC), karyorrhexis (KR), and karyolysis (KL)). The objective was to evaluate the genotoxicity of cisplatin+5-Fluorouracil (5-FU), carboplatin (CBP)+5-Fluorouracil, and ifosfamide (IFO)+epirubicine (EPI) regimens. The ifosfamide+epirubicine regimen described here produced a micronucleogenic effect, whereas the regimens using platinum compounds were cytotoxic for buccal mucosal cells, which probably explains the absence of increase of micronucleated cells in these samples compared with basal levels. In patients with cancer (with and without genotoxic chemotherapy), the numbers of micronucleated cells, pycnosis and karyolysis increased, together with a decrease in binucleated cells and chromatin-condensed. On the other hand, as consequence of the cytotoxicity of the drugs, the number of binucleated cells decreased and the number of karyolytic cells increased. These results could be used as a cytotoxicity marker in future studies for different drugs.
Torres-Bugarín
O
O
Departamento de Genètica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico. mutagenesis95@hotmail.com
Ventura-Aguilar
A
A
Zamora-Perez
A
A
Gómez-Meda
B C
BC
Ramos-Ibarra
M L
ML
Morgan-Villela
G
G
Gutiérrez-Franco
A
A
Zúñiga-González
G
G
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D015162:Micronucleus Tests / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure
D015251:Epirubicin; D016190:Carboplatin; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D007069:Ifosfamide