title: Effects of a beverage containing an enzymatically induced-viscosity dietary fiber, with or without fructose, on the postprandial glycemic response to a high glycemic index food in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dietary supplementation with guar gum or fructose has been reported to reduce the postprandial glycemic response to an oral glucose challenge. As a result of the poor palatability of most foods containing guar gum, a novel low-viscosity beverage with guar gum was developed that becomes viscous in vivo through an enzymatic induction. The primary study objective was to determine the effect of an amylase-induced viscosity (I-V) product, with or without supplemental fructose, on the postprandial glycemic response to a high glycemic index test meal in healthy nondiabetic subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was a four-treatment, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized block protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed at Glycaemic Index Testing, Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 30 healthy nondiabetic volunteers (13 male, 17 female, mean+/-s.e.m. age of 51+/-3 y and body mass index of 24.2+/-0.4 kg/m(2)) participated in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the morning after an overnight fast, subjects participated in four 3-h meal glucose tolerance tests on separate occasions. The test meals contained 50 g of available carbohydrate from maltodextrin and white bread (control) or the same meal with either 5 g of guar gum (3.6 g galactomannan), 5 g of fructose, or 5 g of guar gum +5 g of fructose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatments containing guar gum had a reduced (P<0.01) baseline-adjusted peak glucose response and incremental area under the glucose curve. In contrast to previous studies, fructose increased (P<0.05) the baseline-adjusted peak glucose concentration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Guar gum incorporated into an amylase I-V product provided a means to stabilize blood glucose levels by reducing the early phase excursion and then by appropriately maintaining the later phase excursion in healthy nondiabetic humans.
authors.affiliation: Ross Products Division, Abbott Laboratories, Columbus, OH 43215-1724, USA. bryan.wolf@abbott.com
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: T M S
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wolever
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bolognesi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Radmard
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Maharry
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Garleb
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hertzler
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Firkins
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000681:Amylases / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001628:Beverages; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D038321:Glycemic Index / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005632:Fructose; D000681:Amylases