title: Immunohistochemical localization of fibromodulin in the periodontium during cementogenesis and root formation in the rat molar.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cementum is essential for periodontal regeneration, as it provides anchorage between the root surface and the periodontal ligament. A variety of macromolecules present in the extracellular matrix of the periodontium, including proteoglycans, are likely to play a regulatory role in cementogenesis. Recently, the small leucine-rich proteoglycan, fibromodulin, has been isolated from bovine periodontal ligament and localized in bovine cementum, as well as in human periodontal ligament.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of fibromodulin during cementogenesis and root formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A standard indirect immunoperoxidase technique was employed, using an antifibromodulin polyclonal antibody on sections of molar teeth from rats aged 3, 5 and 8 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunoreactivity to fibromodulin was evident in the periodontal ligament in all sections. An intense positive stain was observed in the extracellular matrix where the periodontal ligament fibers insert into the alveolar bone and where the Sharpey's fibers insert into the cementum. There was no staining evident in the mineralized cellular and acellular cementum. The intensity of immunoreactivity to the antifibromodulin antibody increased proportionally with increasing tissue maturation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results from this study suggest that fibromodulin is a significant component of the extracellular matrix in the periodontal ligament during development, and may play a regulatory role in the mineralization process or maintaining homeostasis at the hard-soft tissue interface during cementogenesis.
authors.affiliation: University of Queensland, Department of Dentistry, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Matias
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bartold
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D025021:Cementogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D000071235:Fibromodulin; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D024042:Collagen Type I; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; C000604330:FMOD protein, human; C000604334:Fmod protein, rat; D011509:Proteoglycans; D000071235:Fibromodulin