title: Contrasting roles for IL-10 in protective immunity to different life cycle stages of intestinal nematode parasites.
abstract: Expulsion of the gastro-intestinal nematode Trichinella spiralis is associated with a pronounced mastocytosis mediated by a T helper (Th) 2 type response involving interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13. Here we demonstrate that IL-10 is a key regulator of protective immune responses against T. spiralis in vivo. IL-10 knockout mice or normal mice treated with a neutralizing anti-IL-10 receptor antibody are highly susceptible to a primary T. spiralis infection and show significantly delayed adult worm expulsion. Depletion of IL-10 resulted in elevated Th1 and Th2 cytokine responses but significantly reduced numbers of mucosal mast cells in the jejunum. Interestingly, the increase in IFN-gamma detected in the absence of IL-10 resulted in increased immunity to larval stages. Hence, IL-10 has a negative effect on immunity to the tissue dwelling larval stages of T. spiralis but plays a significant biological role as an in vivo regulator of intestinal mast cell responses and is crucially involved in protection against adult stages of intestinal parasites in vivo.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Stopford Building 3.239, The University of Manchester, Manchester, GB.
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Helmby
authors.forename: Richard K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Grencis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000276:immunology*; D007814:Larva / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000276:immunology; D008643:Mesentery / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D016753:Interleukin-10