title: Tumor necrosis factor alpha is a key mediator of gut inflammation seen in amebic colitis in human intestine in the SCID mouse-human intestinal xenograft model of disease.
abstract: We used Entamoeba histolytica infection in human intestinal xenografts to study the roles interleukin-1 (IL-1) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) in the pathogenesis of amebic colitis. We found that blockade of TNF-alpha reduced inflammation and intestinal damage in amebic infection, while inhibition of IL-1 reduced cytokine production but had less marked effects on inflammation and disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Sajan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahajan
authors.forename: Xiaochung
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Samuel L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Stanley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D004404:Dysentery, Amebic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D004748:Entamoeba histolytica; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C507763:IL1RN protein, human; C507764:Il1rn protein, mouse; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha