title: The effects of therapeutic vs. high-intensity ultrasound on the rabbit growth plate.
abstract: Six of 6-week-old NZ rabbits underwent ultrasound treatment using a therapeutic dose (0.5 W/cm(2)) and other six were treated with a higher dose (2.2 W/cm(2)) to the lateral aspect of the left knee joint for 20 min per day and a total of six weeks. The right knee joint served as a control. The goal of this study is to see if the therapeutic dose and high dose (approximately 45-fold therapeutic dose) will have toxic effects on the physis. Histological review appeared normal growth plate in the therapeutic group. In the high dosage group three of six cases displayed flattening of the distal femoral epiphysis and wedging of the proximal tibial plateau and indistinct growth plate lines. It is of interest to note that there are opening radiolucent area in the lateral aspect on the femoral metaphysis in five of six cases, where bone resorption has taken place. Histological results showed that there are disordered arrays of the cartilaginous cells in the proliferative zone. The height of the lateral physis in the high dose group is not only greater than that in the therapeutic dose (1083.8 vs. 500.3 micro m), but also greater than that in their contralateral control (530.7 micro m) (P<0.05). This short-term study demonstrates that high dose ultrasound has profound pathologic effects in growing bone. Therapeutic doses of ultrasound do not have an adverse effect on bone growth in the short-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Suite 3018, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. lryon@mcw.edu
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lyon
authors.forename: Xue C
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004838:Epiphyses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006132:Growth Plate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D011817:Rabbits; D011859:Radiography; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy; D014465:Ultrasonics