title: Plasma antioxidants are similarly depleted in mild cognitive impairment and in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: In order to assess peripheral levels and activities of a broad spectrum of non-enzymatic and enzymatic antioxidants in elderly subjects with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), plasma levels of water-soluble (Vitamin C and uric acid) and of lipophilic (Vitamin A, Vitamin E and carotenoids including lutein, zeaxanthin, beta-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, alpha- and beta-carotene) antioxidant micronutrients as well as activities of plasma and red blood cell (RBC) superoxide dismutase (SOD) and of plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured in 25 patients with MCI, 63 AD patients and 53 controls. Peripheral levels and activities of antioxidants were similarly lower in MCI and AD patients as compared to controls. As MCI may represent a prodromal stage of AD, and oxidative damage appears to occur as one of the earliest pathophysiological events in AD, an increased intake of antioxidants in patients with MCI could be helpful in lowering the risk of conversion to dementia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, University of Perugia, Policlinico Monteluce-Pad. E, Via Brunamonti 51, 06126 Perugia, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rinaldi
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Polidori
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Metastasio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mattioli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cherubini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Catani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cecchetti
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Senin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mecocci
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010949:Plasma / Q000737:chemistry; D012016:Reference Values; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014527:Uric Acid / Q000097:blood; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D014527:Uric Acid; D002338:Carotenoids; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid