title: Leiomyoma of the bladder in a patient with von Recklinghausen's neurofibromatosis.
abstract: Leiomyomas are an uncommon manifestation of neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF-1) and occur most often in the gastrointestinal tract. Here, they have a proclivity for the proximal small bowel and tend to be multiple. Urinary tract involvement by NF-1 is usually in the form of neurofibromas, and leiomyomas are exceptionally rare. This report describes a case of solitary leiomyoma occurring in a 49 year old woman with NF-1. The patient had symptoms related to a lower urinary tract infection and on examination was found to have a distended bladder. Imaging of the bladder showed a mass involving the posterior wall, neck, and trigone causing bilateral hydronephrosis. The mass was excised with part of the bladder. Microscopic examination revealed typical features of a leiomyoma and there was strong immunoreactivity for desmin and smooth muscle actin. Leiomyoma must be considered in the differential diagnosis of spindle cell neoplasms in patients with NF-1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, University of Natal, Congella 4013, Durban, South Africa. traceydau@ialch.co.za
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Däuth
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conradie
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chetty
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery