title: Anti-inflammatory effects of annexin-1: stimulation of IL-10 release and inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis.
abstract: Annexin-1 (ANX-1) is an anti-inflammatory protein induced by glucocorticoids. Like glucocorticoids, ANX-1 and derived peptides inhibit eicosanoid synthesis, block leukocyte migration and induce apoptosis of inflammatory cells. Cytokines may possess either pro-inflammatory, i.e. interleukin(IL)-1beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-12 or anti-inflammatory properties, i.e. IL-4, IL-10. The experiments described in the present study have been performed to answer the question whether the anti-inflammatory action of ANX-1 may be mediated, at least in part, by the release of IL-10. In macrophage (J774) cell line cultures primed with lipolysaccharide (LPS), recombinant ANX-1 stimulated IL-10 release in a dose- and time-dependent manner. In the same cells, the protein and its derived N-terminal peptide (amino acids 2-26) dose-dependently inhibited the release of nitric oxide (NO). Furthermore, both the whole protein and the peptide down-regulated the mRNA expression of the inducible nitric oxide sythase (iNOS). The peptide was also able to inhibit the expression of IL-12 mRNA. These results suggest that some of the anti-inflammatory effects of ANX-1 may be mediated by the release of IL-10, which, in turn, inhibits iNOS mRNA expression and, hence, NO release. In addition, ANX-1-stimulated IL-10 release may also be responsible for the inhibition of IL-12 mRNA expression and, consequently, IL-12 synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bio-Pathology and Bio-Medical Methodologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ferlazzo
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: D'Agostino
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milano
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Feo
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cillari
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Parente
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017305:Annexin A1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017305:Annexin A1; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse