Transcatheter arterial chemoembolization with paclitaxel-lipiodol solution in rabbit VX2 liver tumor.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the antitumor effects of transcatheter arterial chemoembolization (TACE) with a solution of an anticancer drug (Paclitaxel; Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ) and iodized oil (Lipiodol; Laboratoire Gurerbet, Aulnay-Sous-Bois, France) (hereafter, the solution), as well as intratumor concentration and hepatotoxicity, in experimentally induced liver tumor.


METHODS
VX2 carcinoma was grown in livers of 30 rabbits. In 18 rabbits, TACE was performed with the high-dose solution (4 mg anticancer drug and 0.4 mL iodized oil, n = 6), the low-dose solution (1 mg anticancer drug and 0.4 mL iodized oil, n = 6), or iodized oil alone (0.4 mL, n = 6) in a control group. One week later, the growth ratio and residual viable proportion of the tumors were calculated on the basis of findings at spiral computed tomography and histopathologic examination. Hepatic and hematologic toxicities were evaluated by means of biochemical analysis. Differences between the three groups were statistically assessed with the Kruskal-Wallace and Mann-Whitney U tests. The remaining 12 animals were treated with the high-dose solution and serially sacrificed for clarification of chronologic change of concentration of the anticancer drug in liver tissues.


RESULTS
Growth ratios and residual viable proportions of the tumors were significantly lower in the solution groups (high dose, 3.3% +/- 6.2 [mean +/- SD] and 2.8% +/- 3.6, respectively; low dose, 18.7% +/- 7.4 and 12.7% +/- 6.1, respectively) than in the control group (68.3% +/- 12.7 and 31.1% +/- 8.8, respectively) (P <.05). Hepatotoxicity was transient in all but one rabbit, which died 2 days after TACE with substantial biochemical changes. The anticancer drug accumulated in tumor where the concentration peaked at day 3 and returned to levels comparable to those for normal hepatic parenchyma at 7 days after TACE.


CONCLUSIONS
TACE with the Paclitaxel-Lipiodol solution has dose-dependent antitumor effects without major toxicities in VX2 liver tumor.
Yoon
Chang Jin
CJ
Department of Radiology and the Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Clinical Research Institute, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea.
Chung
Jin Wook
JW
Park
Jae Hyung
JH
Yoon
Young Ho
YH
Lee
Joon Woo
JW
Jeong
Seo Young
SY
Chung
Hesson
H
D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D007459:Iodized Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D011817:Rabbits; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed
D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004337:Drug Carriers; D007459:Iodized Oil; D017239:Paclitaxel