title: The risk of coronary heart disease in men with erectile dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common disorder of aging male and about 50% of the ED sufferers consult a physician in the Netherlands. As ED is strongly correlated with cardiovascular diseases, we explored how many patients with ED aged 40 to 69 years will develop cardiovascular disease in the Netherlands and, philosophize if and which preventive measures are available to reduce cardiovascular risks in this specific population.
  
  
  METHODS
  158 patients were included and were comprehensively evaluated. All patients underwent a penile-pharmaco duplex ultrasonography to evaluate the penile vascular status and a cut-off value for acceleration time of 100 ms was used to distinguish between patients with and without cavernous arterial insufficiency. Framingham risk functions were used to determine the 4 to 12 year coronary heart disease risk. The results were extrapolated to the Dutch ageing male population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the age group 40 to 49 years and 60 to 69 years no significant difference was detected in coronary heart disease risk between patients with and without cavernous arterial insufficiency. In the age group 50 to 59 years patients with cavernous arterial insufficiency showed a significantly increased risk to develop coronary heart disease. It is estimated that in total, more than 25,000 ageing men with ED will develop coronary heart disease within 4 years and increases to almost 75,000 men within 12 years in the Netherlands.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Screening on cardiovascular risk factors and taking preventive measures is recommended in men with ED. Men with cavernous arterial insufficiency aged 50 to 59 years are especially prone to develop coronary artery disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T G W
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Speel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Langen
authors.forename: E J H
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Meuleman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications*; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010413:Penis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex