title: Generative processing and false memories: when there is no cost.
abstract: Encoding manipulations (e.g., levels of processing) that facilitate retention often result in greater numbers of false memories, a pattern referred to as the more is less effect (M. P. Toglia, J. S. Neuschatz, & K. A. Goodwin, 1999). The present experiments explored false memories under generative processing. In Experiments 1-3, using Deese-Roediger-McDermott (DRM) lists with items that were either read or generated, the authors found recognition and recall tests indicated generation effects for true memories but no increases in false memories (i.e., generation at no cost). In Experiment 4, in a departure from the DRM methodology, a cuing procedure resulted in a more is less pattern for congruous generation,and a no cost pattern for incongruous generation. This highlights the critical distinction between these encoding contexts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA. sal.soraci@tufts.edu
authors.forename: Sal A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Soraci
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Carlin
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Toglia
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Chechile
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Neuschatz
mesh_terms: D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D021641:Recognition, Psychology; D012094:Repression, Psychology; D012153:Retention, Psychology; D014796:Visual Perception