title: Ascorbic acid, alpha-tocopherol, and oregano supplements reduce stress-induced deterioration of chicken meat quality.
abstract: In order to ameliorate a negative effect of stress on meat quality characteristics, chickens were fed a diet supplemented with a combination of ascorbic acid (1,000 ppm) and alpha-tocopherol (200 ppm) or oregano (3%), which has a high content of antioxidants. Chickens were slaughtered by cervical dislocation in the stable (no stress) or after transport and electrical stunning at the slaughter plant (stress). Activities of antioxidative enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase, and glutathion peroxidase) in pectoralis major (PM), iliotibialis (IL), and liver were unaffected by supplementation. However, erythrocyte stability, which is a more complex model system for determining oxidative status, increased with ascorbic acid-alpha-tocopherol supplementation and tended to increase after oregano supplementation. In nonstressed birds, this improved antioxidative status was reflected in decreased TBA-reactive substances (TBARS) in PM and liver of ascorbic acid-alpha-tocopherol-supplemented chickens and likewise in liver from oregano-supplemented chickens compared to that of nonstressed control birds. However, postmortem temperature, pH, and water-holding capacity were not affected by supplementation. Drip loss from oregano-supplemented chickens showed increased protein oxidation in specific bands, but this did not relate to water-holding capacity or antioxidative status. When exposed to stress, the concentration of TBARS in the control animals increased in PM and IL. Ascorbic acid-alpha-tocopherol supplementation protected IL, and oregano supplementation protected PM from stress-induced increases in TBARS. This differential effect between muscles may indicate differences in protection mechanisms. In conclusion, ascorbic acid-alpha-tocopherol and oregano supplements to chickens protect against stress-induced increase in TBARS, in different muscles.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Product Quality, Research Centre Foulum, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, 8830 Tjele, Denmark. jettef.young@agrsci.dk
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stagsted
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Karlsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Henckel
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D003116:Color; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000502:physiology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D014975:Lutein / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D008460:Meat; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology; D009752:Nutritional Status; D031341:Origanum / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D011506:Proteins; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D019207:beta Carotene; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D014975:Lutein