title: Association between cytomegalovirus infection, enhanced proinflammatory response and low level of anti-hemagglutinins during the anti-influenza vaccination--an impact of immunosenescence.
abstract: We assessed association between prior cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection, proinflammatory status and effectiveness of the anti-influenza vaccination. We examined 154 individuals during the epidemic season dividing them according to the age, response to the vaccine and the Senieur Protocol (SP). The anti-hemagglutinins (HI), tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNFalpha), interleukin (IL) 1beta, IL6, IL10, ACTH/cortisol axis, anti-CMV antibodies and CD28+CD57- lymphocytes were assessed. Non-responders of both ages we characterised by higher levels of anti-CMV IgG and higher percentages of CD57+CD28- lymphocytes (known to be associated with CMV carrier status) together with increased concentrations of TNFalpha and IL6 and decreased levels of cortisol. The anti-influenza vaccine induced increase in TNFalpha and IL10 in the all non-responders, while cortisol increased only in the young. Concluding, CMV carrier status eliciting elevated proinflammatory potential could contribute to unresponsiveness to the anti-influenza vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Histology and Immunology, Medical University of Gdańsk, Ul. Debinki 1, 80-211 Gdansk, Poland. ptrzon@amedec.amg.gda.pl
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Trzonkowski
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myśliwska
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Szmit
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wieckiewicz
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lukaszuk
authors.forename: Lidia B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Brydak
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Machała
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Myśliwski
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D002353:Carrier State; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006304:Health Status; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D006388:Hemagglutinins; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone