title: [Continual and quantitative analysis of cellular apoptosis by electron and fluorescence microscope].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the usage of fluorescent microscope in analyzing cellular apoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  VP16 (the inhibitor of Top-II) and Azard Sodium(NaN3, the chemical toxic agent) were used to induce cellular apoptosis and necrosis respectively. The cellular changes were analyzed continually and quantitatively by transmission electromicroscope and fluorescent microscope stained by Hoechst 33258.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Under the observation of fluorescent microscope and electromicroscope, HL60 cells showed pyknosis, chromatin aggregation and karyorrhexis (the features of apoptosis) in the induction of VP16; whereas the cells in the induction of NaN3 presented necrotic changes of karyolysis and chromatin diffusion. This indicated that there were different features in cellular apoptosis and necrosis under fluorescent microscope. In a time course observation of fluorescent microscope, the pyknosis began at 4 h after induction and peaked at 8 h, whereas karyorrheix reached 80% at 24 h, suggesting that the pyknosis preceded the karyorrheix.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fluorescent microscopic observation is a technique in continual and quantitative analysis of apoptosis, which may be used to distinguish the cellular apoptosis and necrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Shenglan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yanfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Zengwei
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Songlin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D019810:Sodium Azide / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D005047:Etoposide; D019810:Sodium Azide