Taking the A-train: actin-based force generators and organelle targeting.
The actin-driven process of cytoplasmic streaming in plant cells is widely believed to be the earliest documented example of cytoskeleton-driven organelle movement. In the decades since these seminal findings, two mechanisms of actin-based intracellular movement have been identified in multiple cell types: one is myosin dependent and the other is dependent upon the Arp2/3 complex for actin nucleation and polymerization. Here, we describe mechanisms of force generation and directed movement that use the actin cytoskeleton, as well as those that target actin-dependent force generators to different subcellular compartments.
Fehrenbacher
Kammy L
KL
Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Columbia University, 630 West 168th Street-P&S 12-425, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Boldogh
Istvan R
IR
Pon
Liza A
LA
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D008958:Models, Molecular; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D024701:Myosin Type V / Q000378:metabolism; D015388:Organelles / Q000502:physiology*
D000199:Actins; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins; D024701:Myosin Type V