title: Changes in protein expression profiles in bivalve molluscs (Chamaelea gallina) exposed to four model environmental pollutants.
abstract: Proteomics has been used in the clam Chamaelea gallina as a preliminary screening of changes in protein expression caused by pollutants, potentially useful as new biomarkers. Clams were exposed in water for seven days to four model contaminants, Aroclor 1254, copper(II), tributyltin (TBT), and arsenic(III), and cytosolic fractions were initially analyzed by two-dimensional (2-D) electrophoresis in 7 cm IPG strips (pH 4-7). On average, about 1000 spots were resolved and altered expression was qualitatively detected in 9-26 spots per treatment. Aroclor 1254, Cu(II) and As(III) had a mainly upregulating effect, in contrast to TBT. Altered protein expression was confirmed in 18 cm gels (at narrow pH ranges). The 15 spots more drastically altered were excised and analyzed by mass spectrometry (MS), and four proteins were identified. Aroclor 1254 and Cu(II) upregulated putative isoforms of tropomyosin and light chain of myosin. Actin was downregulated by Aroclor and Cu(II) but upregulated by TBT and As(III), while the opposite behavior was shown by a truncated actin form, homologous to the Drosophila act87E gene product. The exclusive identification of cytoskeletal proteins could reflect their relative abundance, their prevalence in databases in molluscs, or their role as major targets of pollutant-related oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, Severo Ochoa Building, E-14071 Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Manuel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Ortega
authors.forename: Bjørn Einar
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Grøsvik
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Ariza
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goksøyr
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López-Barea
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008974:Mollusca; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D011506:Proteins