title: Increasing intracellular cAMP and cGMP inhibits cadmium-induced oxidative stress in rat submandibular saliva.
abstract: The effect of cadmium on induction of oxidative stress in rat submandibular saliva and protective role of increasing intracellular cAMP and cGMP by use of specific phosphodiesterase inhibitors, theophylline and sildenafil were investigated. Pure submandibular saliva was collected intraorally by micro polyethylene cannula from anaesthetized rats using pilocarpine as secretagogue. Acute administration of cadmium (10 mg/kg) caused significant oxidative stress by increasing lipid peroxidation by-products (thiobarbituric reactive substances, TBARS) and decreasing total thiols and total antioxidant power of the saliva. Concurrent therapy of rats by theophylline (25 mg/kg) and sildenafil (5 mg/kg) prevented cadmium-induced oxidative stress in saliva. Theophylline and sildenafil inhibited cadmium-induced increase in lipid peroxidation and decrease in total thiols and antioxidant power. It is concluded that cadmium administration results in oxidative stress in rat submandibular saliva, which can be protected by concurrent administration of specific cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran 14155-6451, Iran. mohammad.abdollahi@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdollahi
authors.forename: Arezou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bahreini-Moghadam
authors.forename: Bita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Emami
authors.forename: Fatemeh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fooladian
authors.forename: Khatereh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zafari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012463:Saliva / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D002104:Cadmium; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D006152:Cyclic GMP