title: Snipping polymorphisms from large EST collections in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.).
abstract: The public EST (expressed sequence tag) databases represent an enormous but heterogeneous repository of sequences, including many from a broad selection of plant species and a wide range of distinct varieties. The significant redundancy within large EST collections makes them an attractive resource for rapid pre-selection of candidate sequence polymorphisms. Here we present a strategy that allows rapid identification of candidate SNPs in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using publicly available EST databases. Analysis of 271,630 EST sequences from different cDNA libraries, representing 23 different barley varieties, resulted in the generation of 56,302 tentative consensus sequences. In all, 8171 of these unigene sequences are members of clusters with six or more ESTs. By applying a novel SNP detection algorithm (SNiPpER) to these sequences, we identified 3069 candidate inter-varietal SNPs. In order to verify these candidate SNPs, we selected a small subset of 63 present in 36 ESTs. Of the 63 SNPs selected, we were able to validate 54 (86%) using a direct sequencing approach. For further verification, 28 ESTs were mapped to distinct loci within the barley genome. The polymorphism information content (PIC) and nucleotide diversity (pi) values of the SNPs identified by the SNiPpER algorithm are significantly higher than those that were obtained by random sequencing. This demonstrates the efficiency of our strategy for SNP identification and the cost-efficient development of EST-based SNP-markers.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research (IPK), Corrensstr. 3, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kota
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rudd
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Facius
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kolesov
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thiel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Graner
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005819:Genetic Markers; D001467:Hordeum / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D018744:DNA, Plant; D005819:Genetic Markers