title: Stat1 functions as a cytoplasmic attenuator of Runx2 in the transcriptional program of osteoblast differentiation.
abstract: Bone remodeling is central to maintaining the integrity of the skeletal system, wherein the developed bone is constantly renewed by the balanced action of osteoblastic bone formation and osteoclastic bone resorption. In the present study, we demonstrate a novel function of the Stat1 transcription factor in the regulation of bone remodeling. In the bone of the Stat1-deficient mice, excessive osteoclastogenesis is observed, presumably caused by a loss of negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation by interferon (IFN)-beta. However, the bone mass is unexpectedly increased in these mice. This increase is caused by excessive osteoblast differentiation, wherein Stat1 function is independent of IFN signaling. Actually, Stat1 interacts with Runx2 in its latent form in the cytoplasm, thereby inhibiting the nuclear localization of Runx2, an essential transcription factor for osteoblast differentiation. The new function of Stat1 does not require the Tyr 701 that is phosphorylated when Stat1 becomes a transcriptional activator. Our study provides a unique example in which a latent transcription factor attenuates the activity of another transcription factor in the cytoplasm, and reveals a new regulatory mechanism in bone remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Sunhwa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: Britt E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Kern
authors.forename: Taeko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokochi
authors.forename: Y Eugene
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karsenty
authors.forename: Tadatsugu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takayanagi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D016723:Bone Remodeling; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D050832:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3; D050834:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009154:Mutation; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta
chemical_list: C525719:Bmp2 protein, mouse; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050832:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3; D050834:Interferon-Stimulated Gene Factor 3, gamma Subunit; C494228:Isgf3g protein, mouse; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494080:Stat1 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta