title: Effects of ethnicity on treatment attendance, stimulant response/dose, and 14-month outcome in ADHD.
abstract: From the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder--a randomized clinical trial of 579 children ages 7-9 years receiving 14 months of medication management, behavioral treatment, combination, or community care--the authors matched each African American and Latino participant with randomly selected Caucasian participants of same sex, treatment group, and site. Although Caucasian children were significantly less symptomatic than African American and Latino children on some ratings, response to treatment did not differ significantly by ethnicity after controlling for public assistance. Ethnic minority families cooperated with and benefited significantly from combination (multimodal) treatment (d = 0.36, compared with medication). This incremental gain withstood statistical control for mother's education, single-parent status, and public assistance. Treatment for lower socioeconomic status minority children, especially if comorbid, should combine medication and behavioral treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, USA. arnold.6@osu.edu
authors.forename: L Eugene
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elliot
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sachs
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: Helena C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: Karen C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wells
authors.forename: Howard B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Abikoff
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Comarda
authors.forename: C Keith
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Conners
authors.forename: Glen R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: Laurence L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Greenhill
authors.forename: Lily
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hechtman
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Hindshaw
authors.forename: Betsy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoza
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: March
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Newcorn
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Pelham
authors.forename: Joanne B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Severe
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Benedetto
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vitiello
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wigal
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008774:Methylphenidate