title: Viewing the proton through "color" filters.
abstract: While the form factors and parton distributions provide separately the shape of the proton in coordinate and momentum spaces, a more powerful imaging of the proton structure can be obtained through phase-space distributions. Here we introduce the Wigner-type quark and gluon distributions which depict a full-3D proton at every fixed light-cone momentum, like what is seen through momentum ("color") filters. After appropriate phase-space reductions, the Wigner distributions are related to the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) and transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions, which are measurable in high-energy experiments. The new interpretation of GPDs provides a classical way to visualize the orbital motion of the quarks, which is known to be the key to the spin and magnetic moment of the proton.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA. xji@physics.umd.edu
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ji