title: Interleukin-10 promoter polymorphism IL10.G and familial early onset psoriasis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 is considered to play a major role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis, which is characterized by an IL-10 deficiency. Systemic administration of IL-10 has been shown to be an effective therapy for psoriasis. The IL-10 promoter region contains a highly polymorphic microsatellite (IL10.G) and in a recent case-control study the IL10.G13 (144 bp) allele was found to be associated with familial early onset psoriasis (type 1 psoriasis) having a susceptible effect.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  As it is essential in multifactorial diseases to replicate findings before definite conclusions can be drawn, we decided to perform a follow-up study and to follow a genetic approach analysing allele transmission in families with a positive family history of psoriasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 137 nuclear families (trio-design) comprising 456 individuals and genotyped the IL10.G marker. For comparison we also genotyped the microsatellite tn62 as a reference marker of the major psoriasis susceptibility locus on chromosome 6p21 (PSORS1). In the present study allele transmission was evaluated using the family-based association test (FBAT) and GENEHUNTER 2.0 based on the transmission/disequilibrium test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The G13 allele (144 bp) had a frequency of 24%, was present in 88 families and clearly showed an even transmission (FBAT, P = 0.753). In contrast, allele 3 (IL10.G9) (136 bp) had a frequency of 39%, was present in 110 families and was transmitted in 43 trios and remained untransmitted in 67 trios (FBAT, P = 0.026), thus showing preferential nontransmission. For the HLA-linked tn62-marker we obtained a P-value of 0.00027 for allele 4 in the same study group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, we failed to confirm the susceptible effect of the G13 allele, but provide the first data for a protective effect of allele 3 (IL10.G9) for familial psoriasis. Our results suggest that the IL10.G polymorphism is not a major locus, but acts as a minor locus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hensen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asadullah
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Windemuth
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rüschendorf
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hüffmeier
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ständer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmitt-Egenolf
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Wienker
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Traupe
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D016753:Interleukin-10