title: Rapidly enlarging growth of the proximal nail fold.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the nail unit is a rare but often underappreciated neoplasm. Treatment can be delayed due to confusion with paronychia and verruca. Infection with human papilloma virus (HPV) has been associated with this malignancy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the development of a superficially invasive SCC of the proximal nail fold in a patient infected with HIV, to report the association of a previously unrecognized HPV genotype, and to review key etiologic, diagnostic, and therapeutic points as related to SCC of the proximal nail fold.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This is the first report of HPV 26 coinfection in monogamous sexual partners, both of whom are HIV infected and have demonstrated lesions of malignant degeneration consistent with SCC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SCC must be considered in the differential diagnosis of nail fold neoplasm. An immunocompromised condition such as HIV/AIDS may predispose to malignant degeneration of lesions caused by infection with HPV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX 75390-9192, USA.
authors.forename: Whitney A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: High
authors.forename: Stephen K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tyring
authors.forename: R Stan
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015580:Mohs Surgery; D009262:Nails; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*