title: Subcellular localization of LGN during mitosis: evidence for its cortical localization in mitotic cell culture systems and its requirement for normal cell cycle progression.
abstract: Mammalian LGN/AGS3 proteins and their Drosophila Pins orthologue are cytoplasmic regulators of G-protein signaling. In Drosophila, Pins localizes to the lateral cortex of polarized epithelial cells and to the apical cortex of neuroblasts where it plays important roles in their asymmetric division. Using overexpression studies in different cell line systems, we demonstrate here that, like Drosophila Pins, LGN can exhibit enriched localization at the cell cortex, depending on the cell cycle and the culture system used. We find that in WISH, PC12, and NRK but not COS cells, LGN is largely directed to the cell cortex during mitosis. Overexpression of truncated protein domains further identified the Galpha-binding C-terminal portion of LGN as a sufficient domain for cortical localization in cell culture. In mitotic COS cells that normally do not exhibit cortical LGN localization, LGN is redirected to the cell cortex upon overexpression of Galpha subunits of heterotrimeric G-proteins. The results also show that the cortical localization of LGN is dependent on microfilaments and that interfering with LGN function in cultured cell lines causes early disruption to cell cycle progression.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 117609.
authors.forename: Rachna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaushik
authors.forename: Fengwei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.forename: Xiaohang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bahri
mesh_terms: D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D044385:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C102754:GPSM2 protein, human; D044385:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins