title: Breast cancer in association with thyroid disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The relationship between breast cancer and thyroid diseases is controversial. Discrepant results have been reported in the literature. The incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were investigated in patients with breast cancer and age-matched control individuals without breast or thyroid disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical and ultrasound evaluation of thyroid gland, determination of serum thyroid hormone and antibody levels, and fine-needle aspiration of thyroid gland were performed in 150 breast cancer patients and 100 control individuals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean values for anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies were significantly higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals (P = 0.030). The incidences of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases were higher in breast cancer patients than in control individuals (38% versus 17%, P = 0.001; 26% versus 9%, P = 0.001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate an increased prevalence of autoimmune and nonautoimmune thyroid diseases in breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: GATA Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Medical Oncology Department, KadIkoy, Istanbul, Turkey. oturken@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Turken
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: NarIn
authors.forename: Sezai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: DemIrbas
authors.forename: M Emin
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Onde
authors.forename: Ozkan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sayan
authors.forename: E Gokhan
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: KandemIr
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: YaylacI
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozturk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000276:immunology; D015995:Prevalence; D013959:Thyroid Diseases / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; D009195:Peroxidase