title: Effect of radioisotope sentinel node mapping in patients with cT1 N0 M0 lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Application of the sentinel node concept to lung cancer is still controversial. Patients with peripheral small lung cancers would gain the most benefit from this concept, if it were valid. We sought to determine whether it is possible to choose between limited lymph node sampling and systematic lymphadenectomy from the distribution of sentinel lymph nodes in patients with node-negative disease on the basis of imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-five consecutive patients with cT1 N0 M0 non-small cell lung cancer were enrolled. A radioisotope tracer (4 mCi of technetium-99m tin colloid, 2.0 mL) was injected in the vicinity of the tumor before surgical intervention with computed tomographic guidance. The radioactivity of each resected lymph node was measured separately with a hand-held gamma probe after complete tumor resection. Sentinel nodes were identified, and the accuracy of sentinel node mapping was examined. Whether the location of the sentinel node depended on the site of the primary tumor was also examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 65 patients, 3 were excluded because of the final pathologic results. Successful radionuclide migration occurred in 39 (62.9%) of the 62 patients. There was 1 (2.6%) false-negative result among 39 patients with a sentinel node, and therefore the sensitivity was 90%, and the specificity was 100%. The most common sentinel lymph nodes were at level 12 (46.7%), followed by level 11 (18.3%), the mediastinum (16.7%), and level 10 (11.7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The sentinel node concept is valid in patients with cT1 N0 M0 lung cancer. The lobar lymph nodes were identified as sentinel nodes more frequently than other lymph nodes. We need to make further efforts to increase the sentinel node identification rate. However, we believe that if sentinel nodes are identified, sentinel node mapping can allow the accurate intraoperative diagnosis of pathologic N0 status in patients with cT1 N0 M0 lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, National Sanyo Hospital, Higashikiwa 685, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-0241, Japan. Ksugi@sanyou.hosp.go.jp
authors.forename: Kazuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugi
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaneda
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sudoh
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakano
authors.forename: Kimikazu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamano
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011868:Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid; D014797:Vital Capacity / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid