title: [Pharmacokinetic comparison of Sinemet and Grifoparkin (levodopa/carbidopa 250/25 mg) in Parkinson s disease: a single dose study].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are doubts wether generic medications have the same bioavailability and efficacy compared with the original drugs developed by pharmaceutical companies with research capabilities.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the pharmacokinetics and clinical (motor) responses of Sinemet and Grifoparkin (generic carbidopa/levodopa 250/25 mg) in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly assigned to Sinemet (15 patients 62 +/- 12 years old; mean disease duration 11 +/- 7 years) or Grifoparkin (15 patients, 64 +/- 11 years old; mean disease duration 12 +/- 4 years) groups. Medication and food were withheld 12 h before the study. Fifteen blood samples were collected (starting 9 AM) immediately before (sample 1, t = 0 min) and after (samples 2-15, t = 20-360 min) oral administration of a single dose of Sinemet or Grifoparkin, and plasmatic L-DOPA was quantified using HPLC with electrochemical detection. Additionally, each patient was clinically evaluated every 20 minutes, using the tapping test and the unified Parkinson's disease scale Hoehn & Yarh.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tmax (time at which the maximal L-DOPA concentration was reached) were 69 +/- 12 min and 64 +/- 11 min for Sinemet and Grifoparkin respectively (NS). Cmax (maximal L-DOPA concentration reached) was 3161 +/- 345 ng/ml for Sinemet and 3274 +/- 520 ng/ml for Grifoparkin (NS). The t1/2 (half life time), CL (clearance) and volume of distribution (Vd) values calculated were 159 +/- 32 min, 51.7 +/- 5.1 1/h and 3.6 +/- 1.2 l/kg for Sinemet and 161 +/- 48 min, 58.7 +/- 8 l/h and 3.0 +/- 0.7 l/kg for Grifoparkin (NS). UPDRS-III value for the best "on state" and for the worst "off state" were 23 +/- 11 and 50 +/- 19 for Sinemet and 20 +/- 7 and 46 +/- 13 for Grifoparkin respectively (NS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results obtained showed that both drugs are bioequivalent in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Movimientos Anormales, Servicio de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Hospital DIPRECA. pedrochana@mi.cl
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chaná
authors.forename: Angélica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fierro
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reyes-Parada
authors.forename: Patricio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sáez-Briones
mesh_terms: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002230:Carbidopa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; C009265:carbidopa, levodopa drug combination; D007980:Levodopa; D002230:Carbidopa