Epidemiology of hypertension and associated cardiovascular risk factors in a country in transition: a population based survey in Tirana City, Albania.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the prevalence of hypertension and other cardiovascular risk factors on the adult population of Tirana City (Albania).


METHODS
Cross sectional survey.


METHODS
Tirana City in mid-2001.


METHODS
1120 adults aged 25 years and over (response rate=72.7%).


RESULTS
Overall, hypertension prevalence (blood pressure =140 and/or 90 mm Hg, or known hypertensive receiving anti-hypertensive treatment) was 31.8% (36.6% and 27.4% in men and women respectively). Age standardised prevalence of hypertension (adjusted to the adult population of Tirana) was 30.2% (99% confidence intervals 29.8% to 30.6%) in men and 22.7% (22.3% to 23.1%) in women. Men were significantly more likely to be hypertensive than women (p value=0.001). Of those who had been diagnosed with hypertension, 87% were receiving anti-hypertensive therapy and more than half of them (52%) were adequately controlled. The prevalence of hypertension increased with increasing age and was more common in the obese in both sexes. While the prevalence of hypertension matched that in other industrialised and transition countries, the combination of hypertension with other cardiovascular risk factors was rather less common.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings provide important new evidence on the prevalence of hypertension and its association with other cardiovascular risk factors in Albania. Albania is in a state of rapid transition, with evidence that risk factors for non-communicable diseases have already increased considerably over the past two decades. These finding provide a unique baseline against which future change can be compared.
Shapo
L
L
European Centre on Health of Societies in Transition, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK. Laidon.Shapo@lshtm.ac.uk
Pomerleau
J
J
McKee
M
M
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000415:Albania / Q000453:epidemiology; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents