title: Intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection and glycoprotein N (gN) genotypes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) clinical isolates display genetic polymorphisms, supposed to be related with strain-specific tissue-tropism and HCMV-induced immunopathogenesis. One recently discovered polymorphic gene is ORF UL73, encoding for the envelope glycoprotein gN. Among HCMV clinical strains, it shows four distinct genomic variants denoted as gN-1, gN-2, gN-3 and gN-4.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Aims of this study were to assess the prevalence of the different gN types in the populations examined and to investigate the possible relationship between genotypes and severity of congenital CMV disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The gN genotyping was carried out by sequencing analysis of the HCMV ORF UL73. Comparisons were made by chi-square test and contingency tables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the four gN genotypes can cause congenital infections and the overall distribution was as follows: gN-1, 23.6%; gN-2, 1.1%; gN-3, 12.9%; gN-4, 62.4%. None of them seems to be preferentially associated with vertical transmission or with acute outcome of congenital infection. However, considering the chronic outcome and long-term sequelae, there was a statistically significant (P<0.05) difference between congenitally infected infants with or without adverse chronic outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HCMV congenital infections, which displayed a prevalence of the gN-1 variants, seem to be associated with favorable chronic outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Division Microbiology, St. Orsola General Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 9, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pignatelli
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dal Monte
authors.forename: Giada
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossini
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lazzarotto
authors.forename: Maria R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Gatto
authors.forename: Maria P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Landini
mesh_terms: D037881:Aborted Fetus; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000821:virology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C417883:glycoprotein N, Human cytomegalovirus