[Chromosomal abnormalities in acute myeloid leukaemias].
Cytogenetic studies of acute myeloid leukaemias reveal non-random chromosomal abnormalities in 50-70% of karyotypes. Some are correlated with morphological and immunological parameters and constitute a prognostic factor independent of the other factors of risk: favourable for acute leukaemias myeloid with translocations t(8;21), t(15;17) and inversion or translocation of the chromosome 16, inv(16)/t(16;16), poor with deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 del(5q), rearrangement of the 11q23 region and complex karyotypes. The distribution of the anomalies depends on the age: 11q23 and t(8;21) more frequent for the child, del(5q) and complex anomalies more frequent for the adult. The karyotypes are essential for the diagnosis, the follow-up of the patients and the evaluation of the relapse. It plays a fundamental part in the detection of new genes and their partners implied in the leucemogenese. The knowledge of their function is essential to open new therapeutic ways.
Mugneret
F
F
Laboratoire de cytogénétique, CHU Le-Bocage, 21034 Dijon, France. francine.mugneret@chu-dijon.fr
Callier
P
P
Favre-Audry
B
B
D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003582:Cytogenetics; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics*; D009006:Monosomy; D011379:Prognosis; D014178:Translocation, Genetic; D014314:Trisomy