title: The suitability of disintegrating force kinetics for studying the effect of manufacturing parameters on spironolactone tablet properties.
abstract: The aim of this paper was to study the effect of the granulate properties and tablet compression force on disintegrating force behavior in order to investigate the capability of the disintegrating force to characterize tablets that have the same composition but were manufactured in different conditions. Several tablets containing spironolactone in the external or internal granulated mixture of calcium carbonate and maize starch differing in particle size distribution, were prepared at 3 compression levels. The force developed by tablets during water uptake and disintegration was measured and plotted versus time. The curves obtained were analyzed by the Weibull equation in order to calculate the parameters characterizing the tablet disintegration kinetics. The disintegrating force time parameter, the maximum force developed, and the area under the curve were determined. In general, the reduction of time parameter value and/or the increase in maximum force developed corresponded to an acceleration in tablet disintegration. In addition, the area under the force curve increased in stronger tablets, monitoring in a sensitive way the tablet structural changes introduced by compression force. The results showed that the disintegrating force measurement can detect small changes in the structure of the tablet that cannot be discriminated by pharmacopoeia tests. The effect of manufacturing, in particular compression force, on tablet properties was quantified by the parameters of disintegrating force kinetics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, University of Parma, Italy. gina.massimo@unipr.it
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Massimo
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Santi
authors.forename: Gaia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nicoli
authors.forename: Franca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zani
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Ruggero
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bettini
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D004232:Diuretics / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007700:Kinetics; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013607:Tablets / Q000737:chemistry*; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D013607:Tablets; D013148:Spironolactone