title: [Clinical analysis of 13 patients with hemophagocytic syndrome].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the clinical features and prognosis of hemophagocytic syndrome (HS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical symptoms, signs, and laboratory-test data in 13 patients with HS were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increase in lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and hyponatremia was found in all of the patients. Prolonged prothrombin time, hypofibrinogenemia, hyertriglyceridemia, and hyperferricemia also existed in some cases. The mature hemophagocytic histocyte and hemophagocytic phenomenon were observed with Whrigt-Geimsa and immunocytochemical staining. One (16.6%, 1/6) patient with infectious associated HS (IAHS) and 4 (80%, 4/5) with non-IAHS died of infection and primary disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HS especially non-IAHS is an extremely dangerous state with high mortality. Obstinate hyponatremia may be a characteristic of HS in the early stage. It's important to supervise the change of hemophagocyte in peripheral blood and bone marrow of HS. Immunocytochemical studies on smear of enriched peripheral white blood cells are helpful to identify the primary pathogenesis of the benign or malignant diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
authors.forename: Jian-kai
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Guang-sen
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Min-fei
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Pei
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015616:Histiocytosis, Non-Langerhans-Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000097:blood; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000150:complications; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase