title: Preliminary report of association of chronic diseases and erectile dysfunction in middle-aged men in Japan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of chronic diseases on erectile dysfunction (ED) in Japanese middle-aged men using the International Index of Erectile Function, 5-item version (IIEF-5).
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects consisted of 640 healthy men and 396 men with chronic disease who responded to the IIEF-5 questionnaire (mean age 43.6 +/- 8.3 years, range 30 to 59). The incidence and severity of ED were calculated in three age groups (30 to 39, 40 to 49, and 50 to 59 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of hypertension, cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, and chronic renal failure was associated with the incidence and severity of ED, as was age. In stepwise multivariate logistic regression analysis, cardiac disease was the strongest independent risk factor (odds ratio [OR] 6.5), followed by diabetes mellitus (OR 5.9), chronic renal failure (OR 3.9), hypertension (OR 2.0), and age (OR 1.8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study demonstrated that the risk of ED increases with the presence of cardiac disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, and hypertension in middle-aged men in Japan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naya
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Jintetsu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soh
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kawauchi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fujito
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marumo
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murai
authors.forename: Tsuneharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors