title: In vivo recruitment of XPC to UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers by the DDB2 gene product.
abstract: The initial step in mammalian nucleotide excision repair (NER) of the major UV-induced photoproducts, cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPDs) and 6-4 photoproducts (6-4PPs), requires lesion recognition. It is believed that the heterodimeric proteins XPC/hHR23B and UV-DDB (UV-damaged DNA binding factor, composed of the p48 and p127 subunits) perform this function in genomic DNA, but their requirement and lesion specificity in vivo remains unknown. Using repair-deficient xeroderma pigmentosum (XP)-A cells that stably express photoproduct-specific photolyases, we determined the binding characteristics of p48 and XPC to either CPDs or 6-4PPs in vivo. p48 localized to UV-irradiated sites that contained either CPDs or 6-4PPs. However, XPC localized only to UV-irradiated sites that contained 6-4PPs, suggesting that XPC does not efficiently recognize CPDs in vivo. XPC did localize to CPDs when p48 was overexpressed in the same cell, signifying that p48 activates the recruitment of XPC to CPDs and may be the initial recognition factor in the NER pathway.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine and Genetics, Division of Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 269 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Maureen E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fitch
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ford
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D004255:Deoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-Lyase; D006801:Humans; D007614:Macropodidae; D011485:Protein Binding; D011740:Pyrimidine Dimers / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D014162:Transfection; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C117669:DDB2 protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011740:Pyrimidine Dimers; C058406:pyrimidine-pyrimidone dimer; C086984:XPC protein, human; D004255:Deoxyribodipyrimidine Photo-Lyase