title: The golden anniversary of titanium biomaterials.
abstract: Titanium has become the leading structural metallic biomaterial and 50 years of clinical performance has proven its value. However, it is wise not to forget the basic laws of materials science upon which its reputation has been based.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Engineering, University of Liverpool. dfw.ce@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000497:Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000266:history; D003343:Corrosion; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000266:history
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; C031462:titanium alloy (TiAl6V4); D014025:Titanium