title: Ventricular cardiotrophin-1 activation precedes BNP in experimental heart failure.
abstract: Both cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) and B-type or brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are activated by cardiomyocyte stretch, and gene expression of CT-1 and BNP are augmented in the heart in experimental and human congestive heart failure (CHF). The goal of this study was to define cardiac gene expression of CT-1 and BNP by Northern blot analysis in normal (n=5), early left ventricular dysfunction (ELVD, n=5) and overt CHF dogs (n=5), in which ventricular function is progressively decreased. CT-1 mRNA was detected in both atria and ventricles in normal dogs. Ventricular CT-1 mRNA production increased in ELVD, and it further increased in overt CHF. Ventricular BNP mRNA remained below or at the limit of detection in normal and ELVD models, and it markedly increased in overt CHF. This study reports differential regulation of gene expression of CT-1 and BNP in the heart during the progression of CHF, and demonstrates that ventricular CT-1 gene activation precedes ventricular BNP gene activation.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Research, National Hospital Kyushu Cardiovascular Center, 8-1 Shiroyama-cho, Kagoshima 892-0853, Japan. michi@qjun.hosp.go.jp
authors.forename: Michihisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jougasaki
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leskinen
authors.forename: Amy M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luchner
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cataliotti
authors.forename: Issei
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tachibana
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Burnett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; C092073:cardiotrophin 1