title: Hand posture modulates neuronal interaction in the primary somatosensory cortex of humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of hand posture on the modulation of neuronal interactions in the cortical finger regions of the human somatosensory cortex.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neuronal magnetic fields, evoked by electrical stimuli to the thumb and/or to the index finger of the right hand, were recorded in different hand postures ('OPEN': opened hand and 'CLOSE': both fingers in opposite position to pick up something) by using a whole head type magnetoencephalography. The equivalent current dipole (ECD) for components in the primary (SI) and secondary somatosensory cortices (SII) was calculated. The interaction ratio (IR) was calculated as a ratio of the vector sum of ECD moments evoked by respective stimulation of each finger to the ECD moment evoked by simultaneous stimulation of both fingers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean IR of N20m was significantly larger in CLOSE than in OPEN (p=0.033, ANOVA). On the contrary, the IR of P40m was larger in OPEN than in CLOSE (p=0.042). The IR of SII components was not significantly different between the different hand postures (p=0.35).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neuronal interaction between the thumb and index finger in the human SI is modulated by hand posture. Provided that forming hand posture is related to receiving sensory input, the interaction modulation may play a role in the facilitation of somatosensory processing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest experimental evidence for the immediate modulation of neuronal activity in the somatosensory area.
authors.affiliation: Linguistics and Philosophy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139-4307, USA. hamada@neptune.kanazawa-it.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasukazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory / Q000502:physiology; D005385:Fingers / Q000502:physiology; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time; D013003:Somatosensory Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*