title: Identifying severely atrophic cortical subregions in Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: The present study analyses the pattern of atrophy in anatomically discrete brain regions in prospectively-studied pathologically-confirmed patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and controls. Standard volumetric measurements were made of the entire cortex subdivided into 23 anatomical regions. Analyses determined regions of significant atrophy in AD and differences between the severity and rates of atrophy. Two levels of severity were found. Atrophy concentrated in medial temporal lobe structures as well as in inferior temporal and superior and middle frontal cortices. The degree of atrophy in these regions related to disease duration, consistent with an early and sustained disease process. The rate of atrophy was significantly greater for the fusiform gyrus. The inferior frontal lobes were entirely spared at all AD stages, while atrophy of other cortical regions was less marked and not related to disease duration, suggesting late involvement. Our findings show that the fusiform gyrus is particularly affected by AD, and suggest two levels of atrophy that correspond with published neurofibrillary tangle (most atrophic) and senile plaque (less atrophic) densities.
authors.affiliation: Prince of Wales Medical Research Institute, The University of New South Wales, Barker Street, Randwick 2031, Australia. G.Halliday@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Halliday
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Double
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Macdonald
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kril
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008032:Limbic System / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors