High-grade canine T-cell lymphoma/leukemia with plasmacytoid morphology: a clinical pathological study of nine cases.
The aim of this study is to determine the clinical, morphological, and immunophenotypical presentation of 9 cases of a particular type of canine T-cell lymphoma/leukemia. The morphological presentation was a diffuse infiltration of small, medium-sized, or large blast cells with eccentric nuclei, hyperbasophilic cytoplasm, and a juxtanuclear, pale cytoplasmic area, giving a plasmacytoid appearance and suggesting a B-cell morphology. Surprisingly, all 9 cases were of T-cell phenotype (CD3+). Among the 7 immunophenotyped cases, 4 were CD4-/CD8+, 2 CD8+/CD4+, and 1 CD4+/CD8-. The median Ki-67 index was 65.7%, which placed this lymphoma in the high-grade group. This type of lymphoma/leukemia was found in dogs between 1 and 11 years of age, with a median age of 5.8. The male-female ratio was 0.8 for a reference population of 1.04. The most significant clinical findings were lymphadenopathy either generalized or localized in all cases, a mediastinal mass in 4 cases, bone marrow involvement in 7 cases, hypercalcemia in 4 cases, along with an aggressive clinical course and a poor response to chemotherapy in all cases, with a median disease-free survival time of 3 months.
Ponce
F
F
Laboratoire d'Hématologie-Cytologie-Immunopathologie, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire de Lyon, Lyon, France.
Magnol
J P
JP
Marchal
T
T
Chabanne
L
L
Ledieu
D
D
Bonnefont
C
C
Felman
P
P
Fournel-Fleury
C
C
D000818:Animals; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000662:veterinary; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D012744:Sex Ratio