title: Significant decrease of the enhancement/neutralization index in HIV patients during highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
abstract: Authors studied the effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on balance of the antibodies that enhance or neutralize growth of HIV-1(IIIB) strain in MT-4 cells in the presence or absence of human complement. Sequential serum samples were collected from 28 patients in advanced stage of HIV disease before and during HAART. The balance of the enhancing and neutralizing antibodies was expressed by an index value (E/N I). Samples with an E/N I of <0.5 (twofold decrease in virus production) were considered as neutralizing, whereas samples with an E/N I>2.0 (twofold increase in virus production) were considered as enhancing. At the beginning of HAART serum samples from eight patients enhanced, and samples from only two patients neutralized the virus in the presence of complement, median (25th-75th percentile) value of E/N I was 1.32 (0.79-2.29). E/N I significantly (P<0.0001) dropped to 0.37 (0.19-0.57) during the follow-up period of 18.5 (10.5-23.5) months under HAART. Similar changes were detected when serum samples were tested with no complement added. The E/N I values were also markedly decreased when cultures inoculated with mixtures of HIV and purified IgG prepared from serum pools taken before and during HAART, respectively, were compared. In the last samples of 20/28 patients, neutralization was measured even in the presence of complement while enhancement was found with none of these samples. These findings suggest that HAART results in disappearance of enhancing antibodies and switches the E/N I toward neutralization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, St. László Hospital, Budapest, Hungary.
authors.forename: Dénes
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bánhegyi
authors.forename: Attila
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bácsi
authors.forename: Ferenc D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Tóth
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Prohászka
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Horváth
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kónya
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Füst
mesh_terms: D019138:Antibodies, Blocking / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests
chemical_list: D019138:Antibodies, Blocking; D015415:Biomarkers; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D003165:Complement System Proteins