title: Nitric oxide synthase expression in human bladder cancer and its relation to angiogenesis.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by the enzyme family of nitric oxide synthases (NOS) and plays an important role in tumor growth and angiogenesis. The expression of two of the NOS isoforms, the endothelial and inducible isoforms (eNOS and iNOS, respectively), were evaluated in bladder tissue from patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC). The specimens were procured from 58 patients with TCC and 14 cases of normal bladder mucosa were used as a control group. NOS immunohistochemistry was performed and microvessal density (MVD) was determined. iNOS specific proteins were found in 47 of 58 bladder cancer specimens but not in control bladder tissue. The endothelial cells in both normal urothelium and tumor tissue showed a highly positive eNOS immunostaining. The MVD was 39.3+/-19.5 and 29.3+/-10.5 in TCC positive and negative for iNOS, respectively ( P<0.01). A correlation between iNOS immunoreactivity and tumor grade in bladder carcinoma could not be verified. These results indicate that NO generation from iNOS in the malignant epithelium and from eNOS in tumor stroma play a important role in tumor angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Union Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, People's Republic of China. zenlin22@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shiping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chuanzhong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Shaoxing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III