title: Fat suppression strategies in enhanced MR imaging of the breast: comparison of SPIR and water excitation sequences.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare two fat suppression techniques of spectrally-selective inversion pulse (spectral presaturation with inversion recovery-SPIR) and spectral-spatial excitation pulse of water excitation (WE) for contrast-enhanced MR imaging of the breast.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty women with histologically-proven breast cancer were examined. Both pulse types were applied to postcontrast, axial, three-dimensional field echo sequence. Contrast noise ratios (CNR) of lesion-to-breast parenchyma, lesion-to-fat, and parenchyma-to-fat were determined. Qualitative image analysis using a four-point scale was also performed by two observers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the CNR values of obtained with WE techniques were significantly higher than those with SPIR. Qualitative analysis indicated that the WE images were statistically superior for the lesion-to-breast parenchyma contrast while being slightly inferior to the SPIR images for fat suppression homogeneity without statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to SPIR, the WE technique suppressed the subcutaneous fat signal more potently and improved the contrast of the enhanced breast lesion against the parenchyma and the subcutaneous fat. WE will be a powerful fat suppression strategy for enhanced MR imaging of the breast.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan. mnitsu@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niitsu
authors.forename: Eriko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tohno
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itai
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D001940:Breast / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D005223:Fats; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D005223:Fats; D014867:Water