Effects of ethnicity on treatment attendance, stimulant response/dose, and 14-month outcome in ADHD.
From the Multimodal Treatment Study of Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder--a randomized clinical trial of 579 children ages 7-9 years receiving 14 months of medication management, behavioral treatment, combination, or community care--the authors matched each African American and Latino participant with randomly selected Caucasian participants of same sex, treatment group, and site. Although Caucasian children were significantly less symptomatic than African American and Latino children on some ratings, response to treatment did not differ significantly by ethnicity after controlling for public assistance. Ethnic minority families cooperated with and benefited significantly from combination (multimodal) treatment (d = 0.36, compared with medication). This incremental gain withstood statistical control for mother's education, single-parent status, and public assistance. Treatment for lower socioeconomic status minority children, especially if comorbid, should combine medication and behavioral treatment.
Arnold
L Eugene
LE
Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, USA. arnold.6@osu.edu
Elliot
Michael
M
Sachs
Larry
L
Bird
Hector
H
Kraemer
Helena C
HC
Wells
Karen C
KC
Abikoff
Howard B
HB
Comarda
Anne
A
Conners
C Keith
CK
Elliott
Glen R
GR
Greenhill
Laurence L
LL
Hechtman
Lily
L
Hindshaw
Stephen P
SP
Hoza
Betsy
B
Jensen
Peter S
PS
March
John S
JS
Newcorn
Jeffrey H
JH
Pelham
William E
WE
Severe
Joanne B
JB
Swanson
James M
JM
Vitiello
Benedetto
B
Wigal
Timothy
T
D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D008774:Methylphenidate