title: Tolterodine is equally effective in patients with mixed incontinence and those with urge incontinence alone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the efficacy of tolterodine, an antimuscarinic agent with a bladder-selective profile, in patients with mixed incontinence (MI, stress and urge) compared with patients with urge incontinence (UI) alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 239 patients with MI (urge predominating) and 755 with urge incontinence alone from a single-blind, multicentre trial of 1380 patients (80% female) with an overactive bladder. Those completing the trial were analysed 'per-protocol'. After a 7-day washout and a 3-day run-in to collect baseline information, patients were treated with tolterodine twice daily for 16 weeks. The two groups were compared for incontinence episodes/24 h, voiding frequency, nocturia episodes and pad usage after 16 weeks of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 16 weeks the median changes from baseline for all voiding variables were statistically significant for the MI and the UI groups (P < 0.001), with no apparent significant between-group differences. The median percentage reduction in incontinence episodes from baseline was 67% for the MI and 75% for the UI groups (P = 0.39). 'Dry' rates for the MI and UI groups at the end of the study were 39% (66/171) and 44% (243/552), respectively, whilst 24% of patients in each group (MI 40/170; UI 130/551) achieved a voiding pattern of < 8 voids/24 h. 'Cure' rates for nocturia and the reduction in the number of patients not using pads used were also similar between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tolterodine is as effective in reducing leakage and other symptoms of an overactive bladder in patients with MI as it is in patients with UI alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA. karl-kreder@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Kreder
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brubaker
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mainprize
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003408:Cresols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000188:drug therapy; D014554:Urination / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003408:Cresols; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists; D010665:Phenylpropanolamine; D000068737:Tolterodine Tartrate