title: Vitamin E therapy in IgA nephropathy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
abstract: IgA nephropathy is the world's most common primary glomerulonephropathy. Recent evidence in a rat model implicated excessive production of oxygen-free radicals in the pathogenesis and suggested that vitamin E-treatment ameliorated progression. We studied this antioxidant therapy on the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), proteinuria and hematuria in biopsy-proven IgA nephropathy in children. The duration of treatment or placebo was 2 years, with vitamin E treatment consisting of 400 IU/day in children weighing <30 kg, and twice that dose for those >30 kg. We measured GFR at entry, midpoint and exit. At baseline and at 4-month intervals after randomization, urinary protein/creatinine ratios and urinalysis were examined. The mixed model procedure with log transformation was used in data analysis to test treatment difference as well as the potential time effect. Fifty-five patients were randomized and 38 completed at least 1 year of follow-up. At entry, the clinical characteristics were not different between the treatment and placebo groups. There was a trend toward better preservation of GFR in vitamin E-treated versus placebo patients, 127+/-50 vs. 112+/-31 ml/min/1.73 m(2), respectively ( P=0.09). The urinary protein/creatinine ratio was significantly lower in the vitamin E-treated group vs. placebo; 0.24+/-0.38 vs. 0.61+/-1.37 ( P<0.013). However, there was no difference in the prevalence of hematuria between the groups. Vitamin E treatment in our study patients was associated with significantly lower proteinuria, but no effect on hematuria. While there was a trend toward stabilization of GFR in the vitamin E-treated patients, long-term treatment and follow-up are needed to determine whether antioxidant therapy is associated with preservation of renal function in IgA nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA. chanj@mmc.org
authors.forename: James C M
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Mahan
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Trachtman
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Scheinman
authors.forename: Joseph T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: Uri S
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Alon
authors.forename: Marc B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Lande
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Edward P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Norkus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010919:Placebos; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010919:Placebos; D014810:Vitamin E