title: Therapy of anastomotic leaks by means of covered self-expanding metallic stents after esophagogastrectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The mortality rate for surgical revision of gastroesophageal anastomotic leakage after resection for cancer approximates 60 %. The efficacy of endoscopically placed covered metallic stents for treatment of gastroesophageal leakage was evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between June 1996 and June 2002 we treated 21 patients with proven gastroesophageal leakage; 18 had anastomotic leakage and three patients had perforation for different reasons. The extent of the leaks ranged from one-quarter of the intestinal circumference to its complete dehiscence. The average time from surgery to detection of leakage was 6.1 days (range 3 - 15 days). Mortality, healing rate, length of hospital stay, and complications were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The insertion of stents was performed endoscopically under radiological guidance without any complication in all patients. In 9.5 % (2/21) of patients complete sealing of the leak was not achieved. The mortality associated with anastomotic leakage was 23.8 % (5/21). In 80.1 % (17/21) patients complete healing of the leakage was achieved. The average hospital stay was 67 days (range 14 - 158 days). Of 23 stents, 13 (56.5 %) were removed, and three patients developed stenosis after removal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of gastroesophageal leakage with covered stents appears to reduce mortality and the complication rate associated with major leakage. Therefore this technique seems to be a reasonable alternative in the treatment of clinically relevant anastomotic leakage.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for General and Thoracic Surgery, University Hospital, Christian Albrechts University, Kiel, Germany. mdoniec@klinikum.uni-kiel.de
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Doniec
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schniewind
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kahlke
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kremer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Grimm
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D004067:Digestive System Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008670:Metals