title: Peripheral parenteral nutrition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peripheral parenteral nutrition (PPN) currently accounts for almost 20 per cent of all parenteral nutrition administered in the UK. In the absence of consensus guidelines there is wide variation in practice. Heterogeneity of clinical trials has made direct comparisons difficult and meta-analysis impossible.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medline, Embase and Cochrane databases were searched for all clinical trials relating to the use of PPN in adults. Relevant papers from the reference lists of these articles and from the authors' personal collections were also reviewed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Effective PPN is possible in about 50 per cent of inpatients requiring parenteral nutrition. Evidence relating to optimal feed composition, choice of cannula, infusion technique and pharmacological manipulation is discussed, along with practical recommendations for the administration of PPN.
authors.affiliation: Combined Gastroenterology Department, Scarborough Hospital, Woodlands Drive, Scarborough YO12 6QL, UK.
authors.forename: A D G
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: MacFie
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral / Q000379:methods; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D013256:Steroids; D006493:Heparin