title: Ethylene signaling: the MAPK module has finally landed.
abstract: Ethylene hormone responses are negatively regulated by the CTR1 protein, which has similarity to mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAPKKKs). Because of this similarity, it has long been speculated that ethylene signal transduction involves a MAPK cascade. Now, a recent paper provides compelling evidence for an ethylene-activated MAPK pathway. The implication is that CTR1 and the newly identified MAPKK and MAPKs comprise a MAPK module that regulates ethylene responses in plants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, HJ Patterson Hall, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742-5815, USA. cc203@umail.umd.edu
authors.forename: Caren
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000502:physiology*; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D010940:Plant Proteins; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D005030:Ethylenes; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D010940:Plant Proteins; C036216:ethylene; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; C419563:SIMKK protein, Medicago sativa