title: Profile of chicken cytokines induced by lipopolysaccharide is modulated by dietary alpha-tocopheryl acetate.
abstract: Previously, we found that 25 to 50 IU/kg of dietary vitamin E (VE) had very different immunoregulatory effects than high VE levels (200 IU/kg), and we hypothesized that this difference was due to different cytokine profiles. Chicks were fed 0, 30, or 200 IU/kg supplemental VE and percentages of CD4+CD8-, CD4-CD8+, CD4+CD8+, and CD4-CD8- lymphocytes, and the ratio of CD4+/CD8+ lymphocytes was determined. The expression of chicken splenic interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), myelomonocytic growth factor (MGF), interferon (IFN-gamma), and transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta) mRNA was determined by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Due to a tendency for increased CD4-CD8+ lymphocytes at 30 IU/kg VE (P=0.072), the CD4+/CD8+ ratio was significantly lower for 30 IU/kg VE compared with 0 IU/kg VE (P=0.041). The VE dose of 200 IU/kg decreased the constitutive (prior to LPS) expression of TGFbeta. The LPS caused an increase in IL-1beta, MGF, and IFNgamma expression at all VE concentrations and had no effect on IL-2 and TGFbeta mRNA expression. Dietary VE decreased MGF mRNA (P=0.049) in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on the expression of other cytokines. The decreased expression of MGF could explain the immunomodulatory effect of VE in inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA.
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Leshchinsky
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Klasing
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D004032:Diet; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D013154:Spleen / Q000737:chemistry; D024505:Tocopherols; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; C059626:MGF protein, chicken; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D024505:Tocopherols