title: A Japanese computer-assisted facial identification system successfully identifies non-Japanese faces.
abstract: The method developed by Yoshino et al. in [Forensic Sci. Int. 109 (2000) 225 and Jpn. J. Sci. Tech. Iden. 5 (2000) 9] and already being applied in Japan utilizes a three-dimensional (3D) physiognomic rangefinder combined with a computer-assisted superimposition system. Facial outlines can be compared between two-dimensional (2D) surveillance images and data extracted from 3D images obtained from the rangefinder. Also, the loci of potentially concordant features can be compared and differences measured. The method is largely objective and gives statistics for false positive/false negative findings. This recently developed method by Yoshino et al. is currently being introduced to the Japanese courts. To enable courts outside Japan to assess the admissibility of this new method, studies of non-Japanese faces have been undertaken and shown to produce similar low error rates. The present authors, therefore, consider the Yoshino method to be applicable in a non-Japanese context. As part of this study a comparison of morphological features between two ethnic groups has been undertaken using 3D measurements for the first time and will serve as the foundation for an anthropological database in the future.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Science, The University of Melbourne, 711 Elizabeth Street, Melbourne, Vic 3000, Australia.
authors.forename: Natalie L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: Mineo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: Sherie A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Blackwell
authors.forename: C David L
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Clement
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D044466:Asian People; D002508:Cephalometry / Q000379:methods*; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D005145:Face / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D010826:Physiognomy; D012984:Software; D044465:White People