title: Removal of Encephalitozoon intestinalis, calicivirus, and coliphages by conventional drinking water treatment.
abstract: The removal of the Microsporidia, Encephalitozoon intestinalis, feline calicivirus and coliphages MS-2, PRD-1, and Fr were evaluated during conventional drinking water treatment in a pilot plant. The treatment consisted of coagulation, sedimentation, and mixed media filtration. Fr coliphage was removed the most (3.21 log), followed by feline calicivirus (3.05 log), E. coli (2.67 log), E. intestinalis (2.47 log), MS-2 (2.51 log). and PRD-1 (1.85 log). With the exception of PRD-1 the greatest removal of the viruses occurred during the flocculation step of the water treatment process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Soil, Water, and Environmental Science, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA. gerba@ag.arizona.edu
authors.forename: Charles P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Gerba
authors.forename: Kelley R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Nena
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nwachuku
authors.forename: Hodon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Morteza
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abbaszadegan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002139:Caliciviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003090:Coliphages / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016819:Encephalitozoon / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005374:Filtration; D005427:Flocculation; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*