title: Evaluation of liver parenchymal blood flow with contrast-enhanced US: preliminary results in healthy and cirrhotic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether changes in hepatic parenchymal blood flow in cirrhotic patients can be evaluated with contrast-enhanced ultrasound (US) after Levovist administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten normal volunteers, 16 Child A and 16 Child C cirrhotic patients were evaluated with contrast-enhanced US. Frames obtained at progressively increasing pulse intervals of 2, 4, 7, and 10 seconds in the same scan plane during infusion of Levovist (300 mg/mL, 150 mL/h) have been digitally recorded. Pulse intervals versus signal intensity (PI-SI) plots were fitted to a straight line whose slope is proportional to the speed of blood in the liver parenchyma. Enhancement differences in late phase have been evaluated measuring the SI after 7 minutes from the beginning of the infusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The slope of the PI-SI plot of the Child A cirrhotic patients was significantly lower than the slope of the normal controls (P < 0.05); conversely, no significant differences were found between the slope of the patients with Child C cirrhosis and that of the normal controls. In comparison with the normal subjects, the average SI at late phase decreased significantly both in patients with Child A (P < 0.05) and Child C (P < 0.001) cirrhosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microbubble contrast agents could provide a noninvasive tool to detect and monitor hemodynamic changes that occur in the cirrhotic liver. Changes in the hepatospecific properties at late phase have also been demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Morfologiche e Tecnologiche, U.C.O. di Radiologia, Ospedale di Cattinara, Strada di Fiume-34149, Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristiana
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gasparini
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertolotto
authors.forename: Saveria Lory
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Crocè
authors.forename: Rosaria
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Perrone
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Quaia
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tiribelli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply*; D008102:Liver Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D011134:Polysaccharides; C059891:SHU 508