title: Nocardia asteroides culture filtrates cause dopamine depletion and cytotoxicity in PC12 cells.
abstract: Experimental infection of BALB/c mice with the gram-positive bacterium Nocardia asteroides produces marked loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons, resulting in striatal dopamine depletion. To investigate the mechanism(s) responsible for this neuronal loss, we evaluated the influence of N. asteroides cell-free culture filtrates on rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, an in vitro model for dopamine neurons. Changes in cell viability and cell numbers were minimal after 24 h, but increased with longer incubation. In contrast, dopamine depletion occurred after 30 min incubation, and was greater with GUH-2 filtrate than with filtrate from the less virulent strain 10905. Incubation with the culture filtrate decreased viability in neuroblastoma and glioma cell lines, indicating that cytotoxic effects were not limited to dopaminergic cells. These findings suggest that the loss of nigrostriatal dopamine neurons and concomitant striatal dopamine depletion in Nocardia-infected mice may be due, at least in part, to the neurotoxicity of nocardial secretory products.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurology, William Beaumont Hospital Research Institute, Royal Oak, Michigan 48073, USA. dcamp@smtpgw.beaumont.edu
authors.forename: Dianne M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Camp
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Loeffler
authors.forename: Bnan A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Razoky
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: Blaine L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Beaman
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: LeWitt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003470:Culture Media; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D005374:Filtration; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D009616:Nocardia asteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001685:Biological Factors; D002395:Catecholamines; D003470:Culture Media; D009498:Neurotoxins; D004298:Dopamine