title: Enhanced epidermal ultraviolet responses in chronically sun-exposed skin are dependent on previous sun exposure.
abstract: The p53 protein plays a key role in protecting cells from acquiring manifest mutations by inducing cell cycle arrest or apoptosis. The mechanisms for differences in epidermal responses to ultraviolet irradiation are unclear, although they have been shown to be related to both genetic events and environmental factors. In this study, we compared epidermal ultraviolet responses in chronically sun-exposed and non-sun-exposed skin using immunohistochemistry with antibodies recognizing thymine dimers and p53 protein. Six healthy volunteers were subjected to both artificial ultraviolet irradiation and natural sunlight, with and without photoprotection. A smaller number of thymine dimer-positive keratinocytes were detected 24 h after ultraviolet exposure in chronically sun-exposed skin compared to non-sun-exposed skin. Further, the p53 response was more variable in chronically sun-exposed skin. A significant correlation between total ultraviolet dose and number of p53-immunoreactive keratinocytes was found after natural sun exposure. Our findings suggest that repair of DNA damage is more efficient in chronically sun-exposed skin than in non-sun-exposed skin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences/Dermatology and Venereology, University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wassberg
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bäckvall
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Diffey
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pontén
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berne
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012621:Seasons; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013471:Sunburn / Q000473:pathology*; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53