title: Vav1 dephosphorylation by the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 as a mechanism for inhibition of cellular cytotoxicity.
abstract: Here, we present data suggesting a novel mechanism for regulation of natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity through inhibitory receptors. Interaction of activation receptors with their ligands on target cells induces cytotoxicity by NK cells. This activation is under negative control by inhibitory receptors that recruit tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 upon binding major histocompatibility class I on target cells. How SHP-1 blocks the activation pathway is not known. To identify SHP-1 substrates, an HLA-C-specific inhibitory receptor fused to a substrate-trapping mutant of SHP-1 was expressed in NK cells. Phosphorylated Vav1, a regulator of actin cytoskeleton, was the only protein detectably associated with the catalytic site of SHP-1 during NK cell contact with target cells expressing HLA-C. Vav1 trapping was independent of actin polymerization, suggesting that inhibition of cellular cytotoxicity occurs through an early dephosphorylation of Vav1 by SHP-1, which blocks actin-dependent activation signals. Such a mechanism explains how inhibitory receptors can block activating signals induced by different receptors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunogenetics, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Stebbins
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Watzl
authors.forename: Daniel D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Billadeau
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Leibson
authors.forename: Deborah N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Burshtyn
authors.forename: Eric O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000502:physiology*; D015236:HLA-C Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D015236:HLA-C Antigens; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C496618:VAV1 protein, human; C509249:PTPN6 protein, human; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases