title: Clonal analysis of bilateral mammary carcinomas by clinical evaluation and partial allelotyping.
abstract: Bilateral breast carcinomas may represent contralateral metastases or new primary tumors. The presence of carcinoma in situ, a lower grade, or a different histotype in the second tumor is considered a clinical criterion for a second primary tumor. In this study, 26 bilateral breast carcinomas from 13 patients were analyzed based on clinical criteria, and the results were compared with those obtained by partial allelotyping using 47 markers at 7 chromosomal arms. Of the 8 synchronous tumors, 5 were concluded to be distinct primary tumors using clinical criteria; some were confirmed by partial allelotyping. In the remaining 3 cases, partial allelotyping showed distinct primary tumors. Five patients had metachronous carcinomas with 3 distinct primary tumors, 1 metastasis, and 1 that was uncertain by clinical criteria. Three cases were confirmed by partial allelotyping, and the uncertain case was shown to be distinct primary tumors. No discrepant results were noted. Stringent application of clinical criteria is accurate for differentiating second primary tumors from metastases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical and Cellular Pathology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Tse
authors.forename: Fred Y
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Kung
authors.forename: Amy B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Bonita K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Alexander R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Kwok-Wai
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002999:Clone Cells; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm