Once-weekly dosing of epoetin-alpha increases hemoglobin and improves quality of life in anemic cancer patients receiving radiation therapy either concomitantly or sequentially with chemotherapy.
BACKGROUND
The current study was performed to prospectively evaluate the effectiveness, clinical outcomes, and safety of once-weekly (QW) recombinant human erythropoietin (r-HuEPO [epoetin-alpha]) in anemic cancer patients with nonmyeloid malignancies who were receiving radiation therapy (RT) concomitantly or sequentially with chemotherapy (CT).


METHODS
A total of 777 anemic patients (hemoglobin [Hb] < or = 11 g/dL) were enrolled in this multicenter, open-label, nonrandomized, 16-week study. Patients initially received epoetin-alpha at a dose of 40,000 units (U) subcutaneously QW, escalating to a dose of 60,000 U QW if the Hb increased to < or = 1 g/dL after 4 weeks. Endpoints were changes in hematologic and quality of life (QOL) parameters.


RESULTS
Among the 442 patients evaluable for hematologic response, the mean increase in Hb from baseline to the time of final evaluation was 1.9 +/- 1.8 g/dL (P < 0.05). An increase in Hb of > or = 2 g/dL, in the absence of blood transfusions, occurred in 68.3% of patients (278 of 407 patients) who were on the study for > or = 30 days. The overall response rate (Hb increase > or = 2 g/dL or Hb > or = 12 g/dL in the absence of blood transfusions) was 74.0% (301 of 407 patients). In 359 patients who were evaluable for QOL assessment, epoetin-alpha therapy was found to significantly (P < 0.05) improve mean Linear Analog Scale Assessment (LASA) scores for energy level, ability to perform daily activities, and overall QOL from baseline to the time of final evaluation. QW epoetin-alpha therapy was found to be well tolerated.


CONCLUSIONS
Treatment with QW epoetin-alpha was found to increase Hb levels, decrease transfusion requirements, and improve functional status and QOL in anemic patients with nonmyeloid malignancies who were receiving RT concomitantly or sequentially with CT. Clinical benefits and the safety profile of QW epoetin-alpha in this setting appear to be similar to those observed in anemic cancer patients receiving CT.
Shasha
Daniel
D
Blitman Department of Radiation Oncology, Beth Israel Medical Center, 10 Union Square East, New York, NY 10003, USA. dshasha@bethisraelny.org
George
Martine J
MJ
Harrison
Louis B
LB
D000368:Aged; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D000068817:Epoetin Alfa; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006397:Hematinics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D011788:Quality of Life; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
D006397:Hematinics; D006454:Hemoglobins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; D000068817:Epoetin Alfa