title: Efficacy and safety of rofecoxib in patients with chronic low back pain: results from two 4-week, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, double-blind trials.
abstract: METHODS
  Two replicate, 4-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, trials of rofecoxib 25 and 50 mg versus placebo for chronic low back pain.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy and safety of two doses of rofecoxib compared to placebo in the treatment of chronic low back pain.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are commonly prescribed for chronic low back pain, their efficacy is unproven and toxicity can be serious. These studies evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of rofecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, in the treatment of chronic low back pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with chronic low back pain were randomized 1:1:1 to rofecoxib 25 mg, 50 mg, or placebo once daily. Primary endpoint: Low Back Pain Intensity. Secondary endpoints: Pain Bothersomeness, Global Assessments of Response to Therapy, Global Assessment of Disease Status, Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, SF-12 Health Survey, Use of Rescue Acetaminophen, and Discontinuations Due to Lack of Efficacy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combining both studies, 690 patients were randomized to placebo (N = 228), rofecoxib 25 mg (N = 233), or rofecoxib 50 mg (N = 229). Mean (+/- SD) age was 53.4 (+/- 12.9) years, pain duration 12.1 (+/- 11.8) years, 62.3% female. Both rofecoxib groups improved significantly. Mean differences from placebo in pain intensity were -13.50 mm, -13.81 mm (25, 50 mg doses) respectively (P < 0.001). Both regimens were superior to placebo in eight of nine secondary endpoints. Fifty mg provided no advantage over 25 mg. Both rofecoxib regimens were well tolerated, although 25 mg had a slightly better safety profile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rofecoxib significantly reduced chronic low back pain in adults and was well tolerated.
authors.affiliation: Pain Trials Center, Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. NatPaulKatz@aol.com
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Krupa
authors.forename: Rhoda S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Sperling
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bozalis Rodgers
authors.forename: Barry J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Gertz
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gimbel
authors.forename: Spencer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Coleman
authors.forename: Chester
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Shahriar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nabizadeh
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Borenstein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D013450:Sulfones; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007783:Lactones; D013450:Sulfones; C116926:rofecoxib