title: Perturbations of peripheral B lymphocyte homoeostasis in children with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the distribution of peripheral B cell subpopulations of children with active and inactive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) compared with healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peripheral B cell subpopulations of 11 children with SLE (6 with active and 5 with inactive disease) and 14 age matched normal healthy children were analysed. Active disease was diagnosed in children with a flare of SLE, who received treatment by i.v. cyclophosphamide or i.v. methylprednisolone pulse to control the disease. Additionally, the peripheral B cells of the children with SLE were compared with those of 13 consecutive patients with adult onset SLE.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No major difference was found in the frequency and total number of CD27(-)/CD19(+) naïve B cells and CD27(+)/CD19(+) memory B cells between patients with active and inactive lupus and healthy controls, but there was a significant increase in CD27(high) expressing plasma blasts in patients with active SLE. These cells coexpress CD38(+), HLA-DR(dim), surface Ig(low) and lack the expression of CD20 but are clearly positive for intracellular Ig, indicative of early plasma cells. Most CD138(+) cells coexpress CD27(high)/CD19(+). The enhanced frequency of peripheral plasma blasts in children with active SLE is consistent with previous findings in adult patients with SLE, whereas a relative predominance of CD27(+) memory B cells was only identified in the adult patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Profound abnormalities in the distribution of B cell compartments are more pronounced in older patients with SLE, but an enhanced frequency and cell number of peripheral plasma blasts is characteristic of both diseases during active stages. Thus detection of CD27(high) plasma blasts significantly correlates with active lupus in both children and adults.
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Rheuma-Forschungszentrum Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Odendahl
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Keitzer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wahn
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hiepe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Radbruch
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dörner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bunikowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018941:Antigens, CD19 / Q000097:blood; D016175:B-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018941:Antigens, CD19; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7