T cells cause acute immunopathology and are required for long-term survival in mouse adenovirus type 1-induced encephalomyelitis.
Infection of adult C57BL/6 (B6) mice with mouse adenovirus type 1 (MAV-1) results in dose-dependent encephalomyelitis. Utilizing immunodeficient mice, we analyzed the roles of T cells, T-cell subsets, and T-cell-related functions in MAV-1-induced encephalomyelitis. T cells, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I, and perforin contributed to acute disease signs at 8 days postinfection (p.i.). Acute MAV-1-induced encephalomyelitis was absent in mice lacking T cells and in mice lacking perforin. Mice lacking alpha/beta T cells had higher levels of infectious MAV-1 at 8 days, 21 days, and 12 weeks p.i., and these mice succumbed to MAV-1-induced encephalomyelitis at 9 to 16 weeks p.i. Thus, alpha/beta T cells were required for clearance of MAV-1. MAV-1 was cleared in mice lacking perforin, MHC class I or II, CD4+ T cells, or CD8+ T cells. Our results are consistent with a model in which either CD8+ or CD4+ T cells are sufficient for clearance of MAV-1. Furthermore, perforin contributed to MAV-1 disease but not viral clearance. We have established two critical roles for T cells in MAV-1-induced encephalomyelitis. T cells caused acute immunopathology and were required for long-term host survival of MAV-1 infection.
Moore
Martin L
ML
Department of Genetics, Franklin College of Arts and Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.
Brown
Corrie C
CC
Spindler
Katherine R
KR
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D000257:Adenoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D004679:Encephalomyelitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000472:pathogenicity; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000032:analysis; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta / Q000032:analysis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D014774:Virulence; D014779:Virus Replication
D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D016693:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, alpha-beta