title: Regulation of T helper cell differentiation in vivo by GP43 from Paracoccidioides brasiliensis provided by different antigen-presenting cells.
abstract: Paracoccidioidomycosis, endemic in Latin America, is a progressive systemic mycosis caused by Paracoccidioides brasiliensis. The infection can evolve into different clinical forms that are associated with various degrees of suppressed cell-mediated immunity. Assuming that the effector immune response is a consequence of the preferential activation of either Th1 or Th2 subsets, in the present work we evaluated whether the nature of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) can influence the Th1/Th2 balance in vivo. It was observed that the injection of mature dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and B cells primed the mice and induced a proliferation of T cells in vitro. It was seen that DCs from resistant mice stimulated predominantly interleukin-2 (IL-2) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), whereas macrophages activated IL-10, IL-4 and IFN-gamma-secreting T cells and B cells IL-4 and IL-10 only. Results presented here clearly demonstrate that DC drives the development of cells secreting Th1-derived cytokines, whereas B cells induce the differentiation of a Th2 phenotype in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Análises Clínicase Toxicológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Almeida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000276:immunology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008805:Mice, Inbred A; D010228:Paracoccidioides / Q000276:immunology*; D010229:Paracoccidioidomycosis / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: C103180:43 kDa protein, Paracoccidioides; D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D016207:Cytokines; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins