title: Oscillatory shear stress stimulates endothelial production of O2- from p47phox-dependent NAD(P)H oxidases, leading to monocyte adhesion.
abstract: Arterial regions exposed to oscillatory shear (OS) in branched arteries are lesion-prone sites of atherosclerosis, whereas those of laminar shear (LS) are relatively well protected. Here, we examined the hypothesis that OS and LS differentially regulate production of O2- from the endothelial NAD(P)H oxidase, which, in turn, is responsible for their opposite effects on a critical atherogenic event, monocyte adhesion. We used aortic endothelial cells obtained from C57BL/6 (MAE-C57) and p47phox-/- (MAE-p47-/-) mice, which lack a component of NAD(P)H oxidase. O2- production was determined by dihydroethidium staining and an electron spin resonance using an electron spin trap methoxycarbonyl-2,2,5,5-tetramethyl-pyrrolidine. Chronic exposure (18 h) to an arterial level of OS (+/- 5 dynes/cm2) increased O2- (2-fold) and monocyte adhesion (3-fold) in MAE-C57 cells, whereas chronic LS (15 dynes/cm2, 18 h) significantly decreased both monocyte adhesion and O2- compared with static conditions. In contrast, neither LS nor OS were able to induce O2- production and monocyte adhesion to MAE-p47-/-. Treating MAE-C57 with a cell-permeable superoxide dismutase compound, polyethylene glycol-superoxide dismutase, also inhibited OS-induced monocyte adhesion. In addition, over-expressing p47phox in MAE-p47-/- restored OS-induced O2- production and monocyte adhesion. These results suggest that chronic exposure of endothelial cells to OS stimulates O2- and/or its derivatives produced from p47phox-dependent NAD(P)H oxidase, which, in turn, leads to monocyte adhesion, an early and critical atherogenic event.
authors.affiliation: Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.
authors.forename: Jinah
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Aniket
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saha
authors.forename: Yong Chool
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Boo
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Sorescu
authors.forename: J Scott
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: McNally
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Sergei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dikalov
authors.forename: Don P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Giddens
authors.forename: Kathy K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Griendling
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Hanjoong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000166:cytology; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000209:etiology; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D010477:Perfusion; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013481:Superoxides / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010750:Phosphoproteins; D013481:Superoxides; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C060505:neutrophil cytosolic factor 1