title: 2-D array formation of genetically engineered viral cages on au surfaces and imaging by atomic force microscopy.
abstract: The preparation and subsequent imaging of a two-dimensional array of a genetically and chemically modified cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) is described. The genetic mutation provides symmetrically dispersed exposed thiol groups on the outer surface of the virus capsid. These functional groups can be used to covalently bind the capsid to smooth Au substrate. AFM imaging suggests that the genetic mutation by itself does not promote array formation but, rather, aggregation through disulfide linkages. However, breaking the symmetry of the capsid using a solid-phase approach and chemically passivating the exposed thiol groups with iodoacetic acid results in a capsid with exposed thiols only on one side of the particle. These symmetry-broken capsids were able to form self-assembled monolayers (SAM) on a Au surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA.
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Klem
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Willits
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Trevor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Douglas
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D017795:Bromovirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D011487:Protein Conformation; D014771:Virion / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D006046:Gold; D003545:Cysteine; D000409:Alanine