title: Reduction of sleep-disordered breathing after physostigmine.
abstract: The cholinesterase inhibitor physostigmine (PHYS) was investigated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover trial of 10 male patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea. PHYS (0.12 microg/minute/kg, 7-hour infusion) reduced mean apnea/hypopnea index (AHI) by 13.6 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.2-25.1) corresponding to 21.4% (95% CI, -5.5 to 47.9) and increased minimum SaO2 by 8.7% (95% CI, -0.3 to 17.7) corresponding to 23.2% (95% CI, 4.8-41.3). During the last third of the night, coinciding with predicted plasma concentration steady state, non-REM sleep AHI decreased by 19.2 (95% CI, 0.1-38.3) or 14.9% (95% CI, -43.6 to 77.7) and REM AHI by 33.8 (95% CI, 13.7-54.0) or 67.5% (95% CI, 49.7-85.3). Mean total sleep time was reduced by 74 minutes (95% CI, 33.9-114.9), but patients with the least pronounced sleep shortening had the largest reduction of AHI (r = 0.73, p < 0.02). The nocturnal decline in heart rate was reduced by PHYS. Moreover, resting (early-night placebo heart rate) was positively correlated with proportional reduction of REM apnea index (r = 0.69, p < 0.02). Body mass index was negatively correlated with reduction of REM AHI (r = 0.77, p < 0.02). This, predominantly REM-related, reduction of obstructive sleep apnea after PHYS may provide a new treatment option if the effects are maintained in long-term studies.
authors.affiliation: Sleep Laboratory, Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, S-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden. jan.hedner@lungall.gu.se
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hedner
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kraiczi
authors.forename: Yuksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peker
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010830:Physostigmine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017286:Polysomnography; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D010830:Physostigmine