title: Microarray analysis reveals that TP53- and ATM-mutant B-CLLs share a defect in activating proapoptotic responses after DNA damage but are distinguished by major differences in activating prosurvival responses.
abstract: The ATM/p53-dependent DNA damage response pathway plays an important role in the progression of lymphoid tumors. Inactivation of the ATM or TP53 gene is frequent in B-cell lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) and leads to aggressive disease. Although the ATM and p53 pathways overlap, they are not congruent, and it is unclear how the mechanism of tumor progression differs between ATM- and p53-deficient tumors. Using microarray analysis of ATM-mutant, TP53-mutant, and ATM/TP53 wild-type B-CLLs, we show that after exposure to DNA damage transcriptional responses are entirely dependent on ATM function. The p53 proapoptotic responses comprise only a part of ATM-regulated transcription; additionally, ATM regulates prosurvival responses independently of p53. Consequently, the greater severity of the TP53-mutant B-CLLs compared with ATM-mutant B-CLLs is consistent with the additive effect of defective apoptotic and elevated survival responses after DNA damage in these tumors. We also show that transcription expression profiles of ATM-deficient, TP53-deficient, and wild-type B-CLLs are indistinguishable before irradiation. Therefore, damage-induced transcriptional fingerprinting can be used to stratify tumors according to their biologic differences and simultaneously identify potential targets for treating refractory tumors.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, United Kingdom. t.stankovic@bham.ac.uk
authors.forename: Tatjana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stankovic
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hubank
authors.forename: Debbie
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cronin
authors.forename: Grant S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fletcher
authors.forename: Colin R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bignell
authors.forename: Azra J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Alvi
authors.forename: Belinda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Austen
authors.forename: Victoria J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Weston
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fegan
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Byrd
authors.forename: Paul A H
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Moss
authors.forename: A Malcolm R
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000528:radiation effects; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics / Q000528:radiation effects; D004249:DNA Damage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D009154:Mutation; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000528:radiation effects; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C576324:ATM protein, human; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases