title: [Intrahospital mortality after discharge from the ICU (hidden mortality) in patients who required mechanical ventilation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to determine the hidden mortality (HM) in patients who underwent an episode of mechanical ventilation (MV). We also analyzed the factors associated with an increase in the risk of hidden mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study. Patients admitted to an ICU who required MV and who were monitored until their discharge from hospital. We performed a multivariate study with a logistic regression model including all the variables that were present in a univariate analysis p < 0.20.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-one of the 215 patients who were discharged from the ICU died when they were admitted to hospital, which represents a hidden mortality rate of 19% (CI 95% 11%-27%). A mean period of 9 days elapsed between discharge from the ICU and patient's death, with 25% of patients dying within the first two days. Commonest cause of death was respiratory failure (37%). Factors independently associated with an increase in the risk of hidden mortality were (values expressed as adjusted odds ratio (CI 95%): age > 74 years 1.15 (1.01 to 1.26) (p = 0.02); APACHE II > 29 1.14 (1.01 to 1.27) (p = 0.04); reason for MV being coma 1.21 (1.07 to 1.37) (p = 0.002); reason for MV being cardiopulmonary arrest 1.28 (1.18 to 1.68) (p < 0.001); tracheotomy in ICU 1.31 (1.19 to 1.68) (p < 0.001) and stay in the ICU longer than 16 days 1.35 (1.01 to1.70) (p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An important number of patients discharged from the ICU after an episode of MV die in hospital. Risk factors associated with an increased risk of death in hospital identify a group of patients who, after excluding those with non-cardiopulmonary resuscitation orders, would possibly benefit from high surveillance or intermediate care units.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI). Fundación Hospital Alcorcón. Madrid. España. fgordo@fhalcorcon.es
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gordo
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Núñez
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calvo
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algora
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000368:Aged; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000401:mortality*; D012307:Risk Factors
vernacular_title: Mortalidad intrahospitalaria tras el alta de una unidad de cuidados intensivos en pacientes que han precisado ventilación mecánica.