title: Prevalence of drug-resistant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 in therapy-naive patients and usefulness of genotype testing.
abstract: In the present study, we performed genotypic drug-resistance testing in 116 therapy-naive human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected patients between 1999 and 2002 at Nagoya National Hospital, Japan. The prevalence of drug-resistant HIV-1 with one or more major mutations significantly increased from 5.3% (4/75) in 1999-2001 to 17.1% (7/41) in 2002 (P=0.05), suggesting the spread of drug-resistant HIV-1. We identified a patient who possessed a protease (PR) inhibitor-resistant HIV-1 with a major mutation consisting of L90M before the initiation of therapy. The patient was administered zidovudine, lamivudine, and efavirenz as highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), as PR inhibitors were excluded based on the result of the drug-resistance testing. The treatment succeeded in strongly suppressing the proliferation of drug-resistant HIV-1 and concomitantly increased CD4 cell counts. Thus, we conclude that drug-resistance testing prior to the initiation of therapy is important for therapy-naive patients to devise the optimum therapy regimen for each individual.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Center, Nagoya National Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi 460-0001, Japan.
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ibe
authors.forename: Naoe
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.forename: Uta
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Takeo
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tawada
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mamiya
authors.forename: Katsuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Utsumi
authors.forename: Tsuguhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; C059762:HIV envelope protein gp120 (305-321); D010446:Peptide Fragments; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease