Prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip replacement with NSAIDs.
BACKGROUND
Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and prophylactic radiotherapy can prevent ectopic bone formation around the hip after total hip arthroplasty.


METHODS
We retrieved from Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Register (clinical) trials and other relevant literature on the prevention of heterotopic ossification (HO) from 1990-2002 for further review.


RESULTS
Review of these clinical trials shows that HO is effectively prevented by a postoperative NSAID treatment with indomethacin for at least seven days. The best evidence is available for indomethacin, although naproxen, diclofenac and ibuprofen are also well documented. Short term use of ibuprofen is not effective. If NSAIDs are contraindicated, preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy is a very effective therapeutic option to prevent HO.


CONCLUSIONS
Because of the potential of serious gastrointestinal side effects of NSAIDs and their interaction with anticoagulant drugs, rofecoxib and other COX-2 specific NSAIDs may be a safer option for the treatment of HO. However, randomised controlled studies are needed to confirm the results of the rofecoxib study.
Fijn
Roel
R
Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), Department of Social Pharmacy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Koorevaar
Rinco Th
RT
Brouwers
Jacobus R
JR
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003625:Data Collection; D006801:Humans; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000532:radiotherapy
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal