title: Omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects (OEIS) in triplet pregnancy after IVF and CVS.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects (OEIS) complex is a rare sporadic condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified an infant with major malformations resembling OEIS. He was the product of a 30-week triplet pregnancy conceived by in vitro fertilization (IVF) and evaluated by chorionic villi sampling (CVS). In this article, we review the possible pathogenetic mechanisms in this case, including IVF, multiple gestation, trauma to the uterus or uterine vessels following CVS, and placenta accreta.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the cumulative effects of all or some of these factors may have resulted in uteroplacental insufficiency adequate to produce this phenotype. This case provides additional evidence for the uterine vascular pathogenesis of OEIS complex in humans.
authors.affiliation: Center for Congenital Disorders, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10467, USA. Ashanske@AOL.com
authors.forename: Alan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Shanske
authors.forename: Sumati
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pande
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aref
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vega-Rich
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Brion
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reznik
authors.forename: Ilan E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Timor-Tritsch
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000196:embryology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D001006:Anus, Imperforate / Q000196:embryology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000196:embryology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D015193:Chorionic Villi Sampling; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000196:embryology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008423:Maternal Age; D011247:Pregnancy; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000196:embryology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D014310:Triplets