title: Genetic study of common variants at the Apo E, Apo AI, Apo CIII, Apo B, lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and hepatic lipase (LIPC) genes and coronary artery disease (CAD): variation in LIPC gene associates with clinical outcomes in patients with established CAD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current evidence demonstrates that positive family history and several alterations in lipid metabolism are all important risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). All lipid abnormalities themselves have genetic determinants. Thus, objective of this study was to determine whether 6 genetic variants potentially related to altered lipid metabolism were associated with CAD and with lipid abnormalities in an Italian population. These genetic variables were: apolipoprotein E (Apo E), Apo AI, Apo CIII, Apo B, lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and the hepatic lipase (LIPC) genes. Furthermore, an 8 years prospective analysis of clinical cardiovascular events was related to the various genetic markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  102 subjects with established coronary artery disease and 104 unrelated normal subjects were studied. CAD Patients were followed up for 8 years, and clinical CAD outcomes (a second coronary angioplasty (PTCA), myocardial infarction, coronary artery by-pass graft (CABG), cardiovascular deaths), available from 60 subjects, were related to the genetic variants by multiple regression analysis. Results. Of the six lipid loci studied (for a total of 11 polymorphisms) only the apolipoprotein E, Apo B and LIPC polymorphisms distinguished between case and controls. However, multivariate analysis accounting for clinical and metabolic predictors of CAD showed that only the ApoB Xba1 and ApoE4 polymorphism associated with CAD in this Italian population. When lipid parameters were related to genotypes, the ApoE, ApoB, and LIPC gene polymorphisms were associated to various markers of dyslipidaemia in the CAD patients, confirming previous reports. When the occurrence of a second cardiovascular event was related to genotypes, an independent role was observed for the LIPC gene T202T variant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  variation in LIPC (hepatic lipase) gene associates with clinical outcomes in Italian patients with established CAD. Further studies on the LIPC gene in CAD patients are warranted, in particular looking at the possible influences on clinical outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Division of Endocrinology, University of Rome La Sapienza, Italy. marco.baroni@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: Marco G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Baroni
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Berni
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Romeo
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arca
authors.forename: Tullio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tesorio
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sorropago
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Di Mario
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Galton
mesh_terms: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D001056:Apolipoproteins C / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008049:Lipase / Q000235:genetics*; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D053305:Apolipoprotein C-III; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001056:Apolipoproteins C; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D008049:Lipase; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase