title: Characterizing the immune system after long-term undetectable viral load in HIV-1-infected children.
abstract: Thirty two HIV-infected children, on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and > 500 CD4+ T cells/mm3, were rated according to the time-course of viral load (VL) during the whole follow-up period (> 18 months) in a longitudinal retrospective study. (a) uVL group: 15 children with VL below 400 copies/mL; (b) dVL group: 17 children with higher VL. The uVL group showed higher memory (CD4+CD45RO+) T cells than did dVL group, and higher number of memory activated CD4+CD45RO+HLA-DR+ than did control group (healthy age-matched uninfected children), whereas CD4+CD45RA(hi)+CD62L+ was similar. However, TCR rearrangement excision circles (TRECs) were higher in uVL group than in dVL group. uVL Group showed CD8+CD45RO+ and CD8+CD45RO+CD38- higher number than the control group, but lower than the dVL group. The percentage of CD8+CD45RA(hi)+CD62L+, CD8+CD45RA+, CD8+CD62L-, and CD8+CD28+ was higher in uVL group than in dVL group, and lower than in control group. The uVL group showed higher number of activated (HLA-DR+CD38+, HLA-DR+, HLA-DR+CD38-) CD4+ T cells and lower percentages of CD4+HLA-DR-CD38+ than dVL group. In activated CD8- T cell, the uVL group had lower CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+, CD8+HLA-DR+, and CD8+CD38+ than the dVL group. Preeffector (CD8+CD57-CD28- and CD8+CD45RA-CD62L-) T cells were lower in the uVL group than in dVL group. In the effector (CD8+CD57+, CD8+CD57+CD28-, and CD8+CD45RA+CD62L-) T cells, HIV-infected-children had higher values than control group. HIV-infected-children who respond to HAART had TRECs reconstitution, decreased immune activation, and lower effector CD8+ T cells. Moreover, successful HAART allow the increment of activated CD4+ T cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Inmuno-Biología Molecular, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Resino
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Galán
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bellón
authors.forename: M Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Juan Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: León
authors.forename: M Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Muñoz-Fernandez
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D018106:CD28 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens