title: Influence of participation in high-impact sports during adolescence and adulthood on bone mineral density in middle-aged men: a 27-year follow-up study.
abstract: This study examined whether participation in high-impact sports during adolescence and adulthood contributes to bone health in males aged 40 years. Data were analyzed on 154 Belgian men aged 13 years at study onset in 1969 and aged 40 years at the end of the 27-year follow-up. In a second analysis, subjects were divided into three groups according to their sports participation history: participation during adolescence and adulthood in high-impact sports (HH; n=18), participation during adolescence in high-impact sports and during adulthood in nonimpact sports or no sports (HN; n=15), and participation during adolescence and adulthood in nonimpact sports or no sports (NN; n=14). Body mass and impact loading during adulthood were significant predictors of total body bone mineral density (BMD) and lumbar spine BMD. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences for lumbar spine BMD between the HH (1.12 g/cm2) group and the HN (1.01 g/cm2) and NN (0.99 g/cm2) groups (F=5.07, p=0.01). Total body BMD was also higher in the HH group at age 40 years, but not significantly (F=3.17, p=0.0515). Covariance analyses for total body BMD and lumbar spine BMD, with body mass and time spent participating in sports as covariates, confirmed these results. Continued participation in impact sports is beneficial for the skeletal health of males aged 40 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sport and Movement Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Catholic University Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Helena.Vanlangendonck@flok.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Leen
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Van Langendonck
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lefevre
authors.forename: Albrecht L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Claessens
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thomis
authors.forename: Renaat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Philippaerts
authors.forename: Katrien
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Delvaux
authors.forename: Roeland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lysens
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Renson
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vanreusel
authors.forename: Bavo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vanden Eynde
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dequeker
authors.forename: Gaston
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beunen
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000886:Anthropometry; D001530:Belgium / Q000453:epidemiology; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*