title: Indirect electrochemical treatment of bisphenol A in water via electrochemically generated Fenton's reagent.
abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA) has been treated with electrochemically generated Fenton's reagent in aqueous medium. Hydroxyl radicals that were formed in Fenton's reagent reacted with the organic substrate producing two different isomers of monohydroxylated product and, upon successive hydroxylation, mainly one dihydroxylated product. Further hydroxylation first degraded one of the aromatic rings, and the side chain thus formed was then cleaved off the other aromatic ring. The second aromatic ring was also degraded upon successive hydroxylations. Small saturated and unsaturated aliphatic acids were the last products prior to mineralization. It was found that use of cuprous/cupric ion pair resulted a faster conversion of BPA and faster mineralization when compared using ferrous/ferric ions, but this happened at the expence of excess electrical charge utilized for an equivalent conversion or mineralization. Degradation by using ferrous/ferric ions was more efficient than cuprous/cupric ions case in terms of total mineralization versus charge utilized, and a mineralization of 82% had been achieved by applying 107.8 mF of charge to a 0.7 mM BPA solution of 0.200 dm3. The rate constant of the monohydroxylation of BPA in the presence of ferrous/ferric ions had been determined as 1.0 x 10(10) M(-1) s(-1) where BPA and salicylic acid competitively reacted with hydroxyl radicals in aqueous medium with the initial concentrations of Fe2+, BPA, and SA of 1.0, 0.5, and 0.5 mM, respectively. In a similar experiment where the initial concentrations of Cu2+, BPA, and SA were 1.0, 0.5, and 0.5 mM, respectively, the corresponding rate constant was determined to be the same as the rate constant obtained for Fe2+ (i.e., 1.0 x 10(10) M(-1) s(-1)). While the use of Cu2+ cannot be advised for processing BPA and similar substrates by using the electro-Fenton technique for both technical and economical reasons, the use of [Fe2+]/[BPA]0 values in the range 3-4 will be sufficient to achieve an efficient mineralization of BPA and similar substrates by the electro-Fenton process in aqueous medium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Cukurova University, Adana 01330, Turkey.
authors.forename: Belgin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gözmen
authors.forename: Mehmet A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Oturan
authors.forename: Nihal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oturan
authors.forename: Oktay
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Erbatur
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000737:chemistry; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D016877:Oxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D007501:Iron; D016877:Oxidants; D010636:Phenols; C045076:Fenton's reagent; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds