title: Marked increase with age of type 1 cytokines within memory and effector/cytotoxic CD8+ T cells in humans: a contribution to understand the relationship between inflammation and immunosenescence.
abstract: The ageing process is characterized by a progressive exhaustion of the naïve T cell reservoir that is accompanied by a compensatory expansion of effector/cytotoxic CD8+CD28- T cells. However, the origin and function of this subpopulation is not completely clarified. In this study, we examined the intracellular cytokine profile in purified CD8+ T cells obtained from 29 healthy subjects of different ages. Type 1 (IFN-gamma IL-2 and TNF-alpha) and type 2 (IL-4, IL-6 and IL-10) cytokines were determined in three CD8+ T subsets, i.e. CD95-CD28+ (naïve), CD95+CD28- (effector/cytotoxic), and CD95+CD28+ (memory). As a general trend, we observed, in aged subjects, an increase of type 1 and type 2 intracellular cytokines within the three CD8+ subsets. In particular, we showed that type 1 cytokine-positive cells significantly increased, with age, among all the CD8+ subsets, while a marked increase of type 2 producing cells was observed only in memory CD8+ T cells. These profound changes are compatible with inflame-aging, an hypothesis which suggest that immunosenescence is mainly driven by a chronic antigenic load which not only induces an enormous expansion of CD28- T cells, but also increases their functional activity, exemplified by an high frequency of cells positive for pro-inflammatory cytokines.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Interna e Scienze Biomediche, University of Parma, Via Gramsci 14, 43100 Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zanni
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vescovini
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Biasini
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fagnoni
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zanlari
authors.forename: Annarita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Telera
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Pede
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Passeri
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pedrazzoni
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Passeri
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sansoni
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008875:Middle Aged; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines