title: Approaches to detecting growth faltering in infancy and childhood.
abstract: One of the purposes of monitoring a child's weight or height is to detect growth faltering. In infancy the focus is on monitoring weight gain, primarily for detecting infants at risk of failure-to-thrive. In childhood, this switches to height gain, e.g. the response of a child that is growth hormone deficient to treatment with growth hormone. Cross-sectional charts provide no guidance in a longitudinal context. If we note the current weight or height of a child, but want to say something about a child's growth since the last weight and height measurement, we need to use a velocity/increment reference or take a conditional approach to the problem. Here we focus on growth faltering and review the mathematical approaches to this problem. Discussion will concentrate on the relative merits of the following approaches: velocity references and increment charts or tables; conditional gain Z-scores;infancy weight-monitoring charts and longitudinal growth norms implemented in the growth package LGROW; tracking indices and distance charts and centile crossing. Overall conditional gain Z-scores provide the most flexible means of assessing growth patterns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Durham, UK. Jennifer.Argylle@durham.ac.uk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Argyle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods*; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D012015:Reference Standards