title: A new En face method is useful to quantitate endothelial damage in vivo.
abstract: Endothelial damage is considered to be an initial change in the atherosclerotic process. However, it has been difficult to detect this initial change in vivo. We established a modified En face immunostaining method that enabled us to obtain clear images of the entire endothelial surface, including at arterial bifurcations, and to quantitate the number of cells of interest in the endothelium. Using this method, we found that treatment with an atherogenic factor, albumin-derived advanced glycosylation end products, for only 2 weeks caused a significant increase in the number of proliferating cell nuclear antigen-positive endothelial cells and the number of macrophages adhering to the endothelium, suggesting that these changes might be relevant to the early events of endothelial dysfunction. In conclusion, the present modified En face immunostaining method may be a promising tool for understanding the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watada
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niihashi
authors.forename: Aiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawasumi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Ryuzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawamori
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mitsumata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000473:pathology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002452:Cell Count; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology*; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced