title: The combination of a novel selective estrogen receptor modulator with an estrogen protects the mammary gland and uterus in a rodent model: the future of postmenopausal women's health?
abstract: The Women's Health Initiative Study and other reports have created major uncertainty among postmenopausal women and physicians concerning hormone replacement therapy. We have thus investigated the possibility of replacing the progestin in hormone replacement therapy by a novel selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator having potent and pure antiestrogenic activity in the mammary gland and uterus. As measured by changes in histology and Cdc47 labeling in the rat model, the present study shows that the stimulatory effect of estradiol in the mammary gland and uterus is efficiently blocked by simultaneous administration of the novel selective ER modulator EM-652, but bone mineral density is preserved and serum cholesterol is decreased. After the administration of 14C-labeled EM-652, we observed that there is no detectable radioactivity in the brain. Moreover, ER alpha immunoreactivity remained constant in the hypothalamus after EM-652 treatment, whereas ER alpha became almost undetectable in the mammary gland and uterus. The present data show the poor or absent access of EM-652 to the brain, whereas the effects of estrogens are efficiently neutralized in the mammary gland and uterus. Such data support the exciting possibility of a novel approach that could meet most of the needs of women's health at menopause, namely control of hot flushes and prevention of breast, uterine, and ovarian cancer as well as osteoporosis and potentially helping brain function and preventing Alzheimer's disease with no identifiable risk or negative effect.
authors.affiliation: Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology Research Center, Laval University Medical Center and Laval University, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada G1V 4G2. fernand.labrie@crchul.ulaval.ca
authors.forename: Fernand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Labrie
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Alfy
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Labrie
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bélanger
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Candas
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pelletier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D010880:Piperidines; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; C012121:ritetronium; D004958:Estradiol; D002784:Cholesterol