title: The impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy by the oral route on the CD8 subset in monkeys infected chronically with SHIV 89.6P.
abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) by an oral route on the peripheral blood CD8 subset in the monkeys infected persistently with a pathogenic strain, SHIV(89.6P). Two rhesus macaques were inoculated intravenously with SHIV(89.6P), then treated with the combination of AZT, 3TC and Lopinavir/Ritonavir (LPV/RTV) as recommended in humans by the oral route with confectionery continued for 28 days. In one of two chronically infected macaques, MM260, the viral load was maintained in the range of 10(4)-10(5) copies/ml before HAART. The plasma viral load and proviral DNA decreased dramatically during the treatment, and cessation of this therapy the viral load rebounded to the pre-treatment level but the proviral DNA rebound was delayed. The other monkey, MM242, had low viral loads (1.2x10(3)-<5x10(2) copies/ml) both before and after HAART. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell counts and proviral DNA level were not significantly changed after the treatment. The percentages of CD8(+)CD45RA(-)Ki67(+)cells increased during (MM260) or after (MM242) HAART and the subset was maintained at a high percentage until 18 weeks post HAART in MM242. These findings suggest that this primate model might serve an important role in testing the virological and immunological efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies combined with HAART.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Retrovirology and Infectious Diseases, Center for AIDS Research, Kumamoto University, 2-2-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ido
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mitsuya
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayami
authors.forename: Shuzo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsushita
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016827:CD8 Antigens; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen