title: Disease-driven T cell activation predicts immune responses to vaccination against melanoma.
abstract: Tumor vaccines may induce activation and expansion of specific CD8 T cells which can subsequently destroy tumor cells in cancer patients. This phenomenon can be observed in approximately 5-20% of vaccinated melanoma patients. We searched for factors associated with T cell responsiveness to peptide vaccines. Peptide antigen-specific T cells were quantified and characterized ex vivo before and after vaccination. T cell responses occurred primarily in patients with T cells that were already pre-activated before vaccination. Thus, peptide vaccines can efficiently boost CD8 T cells that are pre-activated by endogenous tumor antigen. Our results identify a new state of T cell responsiveness and help to explain and predict tumor vaccine efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Onco-Immunology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne Branch, University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland. daniel.speiser@hospvd.ch
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Speiser
authors.forename: Donata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rimoldi
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Batard
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liénard
authors.forename: Ferdy
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lejeune
authors.forename: Jean-Charles
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cerottini
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Romero
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000939:Epitopes / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D000939:Epitopes; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C105787:MART-1-Melan-A(27-35) epitope; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; C098952:influenza virus membrane protein (58-66)