title: HSV amplicon delivery of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor is neuroprotective against ischemic injury.
abstract: Direct intracerebral administration of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) is neuroprotective against ischemia-induced cerebral injury. Utilizing viral vectors to deliver and express therapeutic genes presents an opportunity to produce GDNF within localized regions of an evolving infarct. We investigated whether a herpes simplex virus (HSV) amplicon-based vector encoding GDNF (HSVgdnf) would protect neurons against ischemic injury. In primary cortical cultures HSVgdnf reduced oxidant-induced injury compared to the control vector HSVlac. To test protective effects in vivo, HSVgdnf or HSVlac was injected into the cerebral cortex 4 days prior to, or 3 days, after a 60-min unilateral occlusion of the middle cerebral artery. Control stroke animals developed bradykinesia and motor asymmetry; pretreatment with HSVgdnf significantly reduced such motor deficits. Animals receiving HSVlac or HSVgdnf after the ischemic insult did not exhibit any behavioral improvement. Histological analyses performed 1 month after stroke revealed a reduction in ischemic tissue loss in rats pretreated with HSVgdnf. Similarly, these animals exhibited less immunostaining for glial fibrillary acidic protein and the apoptotic marker caspase-3. Taken together, our data indicate that HSVgdnf pretreatment provides protection against cerebral ischemia and supports the utilization of the HSV amplicon for therapeutic delivery of trophic factors to the CNS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Hoffer
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Federoff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000235:genetics*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C495041:Gdnf protein, rat; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D016877:Oxidants; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases