title: Effect of spermicides on Lactobacillus acidophilus in vitro-nonoxynol-9 vs. Sapindus saponins.
abstract: Saponins extracted from the fruit pericarp of Sapindus mukorosii were tested for their bactericidal/bacteriostatic property against Lactobacillus acidophilus. Nonoxynol-9 was used as a reference compound for the comparison of activity. Lactobacillus colonies were grown on specific medium (Rogosa SL agar) containing different concentrations of saponins and nonoxynol-9 in an atmosphere of 5% CO2/95% air at 37 degrees C for 72 h. The number and size of colonies were recorded at the end of the experiment and compared with controls. Results indicated that nearly 90% of Lactobacillus colonies with minor reduction in size thrived at 0.05% concentration of saponins whereas only 18% of colonies with approximately 75% reduction in size grew in dishes containing 0.05% nonoxynol-9. At higher concentrations of saponins, there was a gradual, dose-dependent reduction in the number and size of colonies and at 2.5% concentration there was an approximately 55% reduction in the number and 60% reduction in the size of surviving colonies. No lactobacillus colonies, however, grew in dishes containing 0.1% and higher concentrations of nonoxynol-9. The studies indicate that Sapindus saponins as compared to nonoxynol-9 are far less toxic to lactobacillus species and therefore saponins containing spermicidal preparations are likely to be more vaginal-friendly than equivalent nonoxynol-9 preparations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Central Drug Research Institute, 226 001 Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ojha
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Maikhuri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gupta
mesh_terms: D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000187:drug effects*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D017137:Nonoxynol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032127:Sapindus / Q000737:chemistry; D012503:Saponins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012503:Saponins; D013089:Spermatocidal Agents; D017137:Nonoxynol