title: Upper aerodigestive tract and lung tumors after liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to analyze the incidence, clinical characteristics, treatment, and outcome of upper aerodigestive (UAD) and lung de novo tumors after ortothopic liver transplantation (OLT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 1986 and June 2002, we performed 851 OLT in 753 patients. We excluded pediatric, partial, and hepatorenal transplants and recipients who died within 2 months after OLT. Thus, we analyzed the incidence and outcome of these tumors in 605 patients after OLT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found 21 (3.5%) tumors in 20 (3.3%) recipients: 14 were UAD tumors (three in floor of the mouth, two in tonsil, one in tongue, one in pharynx, three in larynx, and four in esophagus) and seven were lung tumors. Nineteen patients were men and one was a woman, with a mean age at transplantation of 47.7+/-8.6 years. Mean time from OLT to tumor diagnosis was 61.7+/-35.1 years. As risk factors, 70% were heavy smokers, 75% were heavy drinkers, and 70% developed acute rejection. The incidence of these tumors was significantly higher in transplanted patients for alcoholic cirrhosis compared to the nonalcoholic cirrhosis (8.1% vs 0.8%; P<.0001). After surgical excision in 65% of patients, 1-, 2-, and 3-year patient survival were 47.6%, 37.0%, and 19.7%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a significantly higher incidence of these tumors in male heavy drinkers and/or smokers who underwent OLT for alcoholic cirrhosis; in spite of aggressive surgical treatment, the prognosis is poor.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Digestive Surgery and Abdominal Organ Transplantation, Hospital Universitario Doce de Octubre, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marqués
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Loinaz
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Meneu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hernández-Vallejo
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abradelo
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004067:Digestive System Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012907:Smoking; D016019:Survival Analysis