title: Adaptive responses to iron-deficiency in callus cultures of two cultivars of Vitis spp.
abstract: The correlation between iron chlorosis resistance and induction of adaptive mechanisms in grapevine calli belonging to cultivars with different susceptibility to iron chlorosis has been investigated. Fe(III)-chelate reductase was clearly linked to the Fe-efficiency status of the genotype. When growing on iron deprived medium (-Fe) calli of the Fe-efficient genotype "Cabernet sauvignon" showed a remarkable increase in enzyme activity, up to five times higher, with respect to +Fe cultures. Moreover, 31P-NMR revealed that in -Fe medium the increase of vacuolar Pi content of the Fe-efficient cultures was more pronounced than that recorded for the Fe-inefficient Vitis riparia. Furthermore, Fe starvation also enhanced the production of phenolic compounds in calli of "Cabernet sauvignon" with respect to those of Vitis riparia. The role of H(+)-ATPase as a marker of Fe-efficiency in tissue culture remains ambiguous in the case of grapevines.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Produzione Vegetale, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2 20033, Milano, Italy. claudia.piagnani@unimi.it
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Piagnani
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Nisi
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Espen
authors.forename: Graziano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zocchi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005838:Genotype; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090463:Iron Deficiencies; D008861:Microsomes / Q000502:physiology; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism; D027843:Vitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010636:Phenols; D007501:Iron