title: Prevention of heterotopic ossification after total hip replacement with NSAIDs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and prophylactic radiotherapy can prevent ectopic bone formation around the hip after total hip arthroplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrieved from Medline, Embase and the Cochrane Register (clinical) trials and other relevant literature on the prevention of heterotopic ossification (HO) from 1990-2002 for further review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Review of these clinical trials shows that HO is effectively prevented by a postoperative NSAID treatment with indomethacin for at least seven days. The best evidence is available for indomethacin, although naproxen, diclofenac and ibuprofen are also well documented. Short term use of ibuprofen is not effective. If NSAIDs are contraindicated, preoperative or postoperative radiotherapy is a very effective therapeutic option to prevent HO.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of the potential of serious gastrointestinal side effects of NSAIDs and their interaction with anticoagulant drugs, rofecoxib and other COX-2 specific NSAIDs may be a safer option for the treatment of HO. However, randomised controlled studies are needed to confirm the results of the rofecoxib study.
authors.affiliation: Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration (GUIDE), Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy (GRIP), Department of Social Pharmacy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Roel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fijn
authors.forename: Rinco Th
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Koorevaar
authors.forename: Jacobus R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Brouwers
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003625:Data Collection; D006801:Humans; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000532:radiotherapy
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal