Pharmacokinetics of citalopram in relation to genetic polymorphism of CYP2C19.
The study was designed to define the contribution of cytochrome p450 2C19 (CYP2C19) and cytochrome p450 3A4 (CYP3A4) to citalopram N-demethylation and to evaluate the relationship between the disposition of citalopram and CYP2C19 genotype. A single oral 40-mg dose of citalopram was administered to eight extensive metabolizers and five poor metabolizers recruited from 77 healthy Chinese volunteers whose genotypes and phenotypes were predetermined. The plasma concentrations of citalopram and desmethylcitalopram were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. It was found that the genotype of CYP2C19 had a significant effect on the N-demethylation of citalopram. Poor metabolizers with m1 mutation had higher area under the plasma concentration versus time curve (AUC0--> infinity ) values than did extensive metabolizers. Terminal elimination half-life (t1/2) values of citalopram in poor metabolizers were significantly higher than the values in extensive metabolizers who were either homozygous or heterozygous with CYP2C19*1. The oral clearance (CLoral) of citalopram in poor metabolizers was significantly lower than that of extensive metabolizers. The AUC0--> infinity and maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of desmethylcitalopram in poor metabolizers were significantly lower than the values of extensive metabolizers. The results show that CYP3A4 is not the major enzyme in the N-demethylation of citalopram among extensive metabolizers. The polymorphism of CYP2C19 plays an important role in the N- demethylation of citalopram in vivo. The extensive metabolizers and poor metabolizers of CYP2C19 had significant difference in disposition of citalopram in vivo.
Yu
Bang-Ning
BN
Pharmacogenetics Research Institute, Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, Republic of China.
Chen
Guo-Lin
GL
He
Nan
N
Ouyang
Dong-Sheng
DS
Chen
Xiao-Ping
XP
Liu
Zhao-Qian
ZQ
Zhou
Hong-Hao
HH
D000328:Adult; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D015283:Citalopram / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
D015283:Citalopram; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C045793:CYP2C19 protein, human; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19