title: Mitomycin C for the treatment of pharyngoesophageal stricture after total laryngopharyngectomy and microvascular free tissue reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the role of mitomycin C (MMC) in the management of pharyngoesophageal stricture after total laryngopharyngectomy and free flap reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients since 1998 underwent evaluation and treatment for pharyngoesophageal stricture after total laryngopharyngectomy and free flap reconstruction. The method of reconstruction included four tubed radial forearm free flaps and one jejunal free flap. All patients underwent barium swallow, computed tomography, and endoscopic examination and were proven to be free of recurrent disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were taken to the operating room. After dilation, the stenotic segment was exposed, and 1 mL of 0.4 mg/mL mitomycin-C was applied for 4 minutes using a cotton pledget. The patients were then followed clinically and with barium swallows for a minimum follow-up period of 18 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All five patients experienced improved swallowing ability. The need for further dilatations was either eliminated or lessened. All patients were happy with the treatment results. No complications occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This small case series suggests that MMC is a safe and effective adjunctive treatment for pharyngoesophageal stricture after total laryngopharyngectomy and free flap reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Tufts New England Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02111, USA.
authors.forename: Donald J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Annino
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Goguen
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000601:surgery; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D004106:Dilatation; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D010611:Pharyngectomy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019384:Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; D016685:Mitomycin