title: PhotoPoint photodynamic therapy inhibits intimal hyperplasia in arteriovenous access grafts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the ability of PhotoPoint photodynamic therapy (PDT) to suppress venous anastomotic intimal hyperplasia (IH) in a canine prosthetic arteriovenous graft (AVG) model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bilateral femoral AVGs were placed in 12 mongrel dogs. PhotoPoint PDT was optimized by treating venous anastomoses with a fixed dose of photosensitizer (MV6401) followed by varying light doses. Veins were evaluated at 3 days for cell depletion. Other venous anastomoses received the optimal PhotoPoint PDT dose following graft placement and were harvested 1 month later. Histological sections of venous anastomoses were analyzed for intimal thickness, fibrosis, inflammation, necrosis and thrombosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PhotoPoint PDT resulted in a significant reduction of venous anastomotic intimal thickness. In addition, PhotoPoint PDT tended to reduce the development of fibrosis. All veins were patent at harvest, and there was no evidence of PhotoPoint PDT-related pathologies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PhotoPoint PDT significantly inhibited the development of venous anastomotic IH. These results suggest that PhotoPoint PDT is feasible and may increase patency rates of synthetic hemodialysis AVGs in the clinic.
authors.affiliation: Miravant Medical Technologies Inc., 336 Bollay Drive, Goleta, CA 93117-5550, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: Heidi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rychnovsky
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farooq
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Freischlag
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grove
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000293:injuries / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000293:injuries* / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: C453421:MV6401; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents