title: Biomechanical analysis of sit-to-stand movement in normal and obese subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Main purpose of this study was to develop a biomechanical model for the analysis of sit-to-stand movement in normal and obese subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A biomechanical model describing sit-to-stand was developed using kinetic and kinematic experimental data. Trunk flexion, feet movement, knee and hip joint torques were assumed as sensible indexes to discriminate between normal and obese subjects.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Sit-to-stand is a functional task that may become difficult for certain patients. The analysis of its execution provides useful biomechanical information on the motor ability of selected subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sit-to-stand was recorded using an optoelectronic system and a force platform in 40 obese patients and 10 normal subjects. A biomechanical model was developed using inverse dynamics equations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Kinematic and kinetic indexes evidenced differences in motion strategy between normal and obese subjects. Obese subjects rise from the chair limiting trunk flexion (mean value: 73.1 degrees ) and moving their feet backwards from initial position (mean deviation: 50 mm). Normal subjects, instead, show a higher trunk flexion (mean value: 49.2 degrees, a lower angular value between trunk and the horizontal means increased flexion) and fixed feet position (mean deviation: 5 mm). As for kinetics, obese patients show knee joint torque higher than hip torque (maximum knee torque: 0.75 Nm/kg; maximum hip torque: 0.59 Nm/kg), while normal subjects show opposite behaviour (maximum knee torque: 0.38 Nm/kg; maximum hip torque: 0.98 Nm/kg).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found differences in motion strategy between normal and obese subjects performing sit-to-stand movement, which may be used to plan and evaluate rehabilitative treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, p.zza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy. sibella@biomed.polimi.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sibella
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romei
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montesano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crivellini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D009068:Movement; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011187:Posture; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D019415:Torque