Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus: origin hypothesis.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome is a serious swine disease that appeared suddenly in the midwestern United States and central Europe approximately 14 years ago; the disease has now spread worldwide. In North America and Europe, the syndrome is caused by two genotypes of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV), an arterivirus whose genomes diverge by approximately 40%. My hypothesis, which explains the origin and evolution of the two distinct PRRSV genotypes, is that a mutant of a closely related arterivirus of mice (lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus) infected wild boars in central Europe. These wild boars functioned as intermediate hosts and spread the virus to North Carolina in imported, infected European wild boars in 1912; the virus then evolved independently on the two continents in the prevalent wild hog populations for approximately 70 years until independently entering the domestic pig population.
Plagemann
Peter G W
PG
University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA. plage001@umn.edu
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005838:Genotype; D007772:Lactate dehydrogenase-elevating virus / Q000235:genetics*; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000235:genetics*; D015995:Prevalence; D013552:Swine