title: Cohort study of Guinean children: incidence, pathogenicity, conferred protection, and attributable risk for enteropathogens during the first 2 years of life.
abstract: We recruited 200 children shortly after birth and collected stool specimens weekly, irrespective of whether the children had diarrhea, until up to 2 years of age. All children were recruited during the first year of the study and were monitored for a median of 18.4 months. To measure pathogenicity, the odds ratio for diarrhea, adjusted for age, sex, and coinfections with other enteropathogens, was determined by logistic regression. Standard estimation of the population attributable risk indicated that rotavirus, enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli that produced only the heat-stable toxin ST, Isospora spp., Cryptosporidium parvum, Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing E. coli (STEC), and Shigella spp. or enteroinvasive E. coli were the most important contributors to diarrhea in this population. Stx2- but not Stx1-producing STEC strains were pathogenic. Enteroaggregative E. coli, diffusely adherent E. coli, and attaching-and-effacing E. coli strains, which were the most commonly isolated microorganisms, were not associated with diarrhea. For most of the microorganisms, primary infections did not confer protection against reinfection with the same organism, but some conferred protection against diarrhea from reinfection.
authors.affiliation: Bandim Health Project, The National Public Health Laboratory, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau. pvb@ssi.dk
authors.forename: Palle
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Valentiner-Branth
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steinsland
authors.forename: Thea K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perch
authors.forename: Flemming
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scheutz
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aaby
authors.forename: Kåre
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mølbak
authors.forename: Halvor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sommerfelt
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001942:Breast Feeding; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003968:Diarrhea, Infantile / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012008:Recurrence; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012737:Sex Factors; D022641:Shiga Toxin 2 / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D022641:Shiga Toxin 2