title: Clinical oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the lung.
abstract: Oxygen-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) ventilation imaging is a new technique, and the full extent of its physiologic significance has not been elucidated. This review article includes (1) theory of oxygen enhancement; (2) respiratory physiology; (3) oxygen-enhanced MR imaging (MRI) sequence design; (4) basic study of oxygen-enhanced MRI in animal models and humans; (5) clinical study of oxygen-enhanced MRI; and (6) merits and demerits of the technique in comparison with hyperpolarized noble gas MR ventilation imaging. Oxygen-enhanced MRI provides not only ventilation-related information but also respiration-related information. Although application of oxygen-enhanced MR ventilation imaging to patients with pulmonary diseases has been limited, oxygen-enhanced MRI offers the possibility of demonstrating regional pulmonary function and substituting for nuclear medicine ventilation-perfusion study, when combined with MR perfusion imaging. We believe that further basic studies and clinical applications of this new technique will define the real significance of oxygen-enhanced MR ventilation imaging in the future of pulmonary functional imaging and its usefulness for diagnostic radiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan. yosirad@med.kobe.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Kazuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimura
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hatabu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005741:Noble Gases; D010100:Oxygen; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology*; D012119:Respiration
chemical_list: D005741:Noble Gases; D010100:Oxygen