title: Aesthetic reconstruction of the tuberous breast deformity.
abstract: The tuberous breast deformity is a rare entity affecting young women bilaterally or unilaterally. The deformity is characterized by a constricting ring at the base of the breast, which leads to deficient horizontal and vertical development of the breast with or without herniation of the breast parenchyma toward the nipple-areola complex and areola enlargement. Several methods have been put forward to correct the deformity, but most of these fail to address the issue of the constricting ring and subsequently yield results that are not aesthetically satisfactory. A new approach to the treatment of the deformity is presented, which consists of a periareolar approach and rearrangement of the inferior part of the breast parenchyma by division of the constricting ring, thus creating two breast pillars. These pillars are allowed to redrape, and in cases of volume deficiency, a silicone breast implant is placed in a subglandular pocket. The procedure is completed by a donut-type excision to address the size of the nipple-areola complex. The technique has used on 11 patients (21 breasts) with excellent aesthetic results.
authors.affiliation: Artion Plastic Surgery Center, Athens 15451, Greece. amandrekas@artion-plasticsurgery.com
authors.forename: Apostolos D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Mandrekas
authors.forename: George J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Zambacos
authors.forename: Anastasios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anastasopoulos
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hapsas
authors.forename: Nektaria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lambrinaki
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ioannidou-Mouzaka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods*