title: Historical vignettes concerning cardiopulmonary bypass without homologous blood and perfusion hypothermia.
abstract: The development of a predictable means of carrying out CPB employing a nonhemic prime with the potential for performance of the entire cardiac operation devoid of HB and, second, the extraordinary advantage of perfusion hypothermia in establishing conditions permitting a safe period of circulatory arrest are two important components of contemporary perfusion methodology. These advances--and others yet to be--represent a continuum of the vision and accomplishments of John Gibbon who--with his lovely wife, Mary, and distinguished colleagues--made clinical CPB a reality 50 years ago.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029-6574, USA. Myrna.Vera@msnyuhealth.org
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Litwak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000266:history*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000266:history*; D010477:Perfusion / Q000266:history*; D014481:United States