title: Ischemic preconditioning decreases C-X-C chemokine expression and neutrophil accumulation early after liver transplantation in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) plays a major role in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. Protective effect of ischemic preconditioning (IP) has been confirmed in liver ischemia/reperfusion injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of IP on C-X-C chemokine expression and PMNs recruitment early after liver transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Sprague-Dawley rats were used as donors and recipients of orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). The donor liver was stored 24 hours in University of Wisconsin (UW) solution at 4 degrees pre-implantation. IP was done by clamp of the portal vein and hepatic artery of the donor liver for 10 minutes followed by reperfusion for 10 minutes before harvesting. The neutrophilic infiltration in liver was quantified using a myeloperoxidase (MPO) assay. Intragraft expression of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) mRNA was investigated with in situ hybridization. The serum levels of MIP-2 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha were also monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After liver transplantation without IP, the hepatic MPO increased significantly compared with sham operated group. In IP group, PMN in liver indicated by MPO was reduced significantly. In situ hybridization showed no MIP-2 mRNA in sham group but dramatic expression in hepatocytes in non-IP group. In IP group, MIP-2 mRNA was significantly down-regulated. Similarly, serum MIP-2 and TNF-alpha levels were significantly elevated in non-IP group and both were reduced in IP group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IP might protect graft liver from preservation-reperfusion injury after OLT through down-regulating C-X-C chemokine expression of hepatocytes, and alleviating PMNs recruitment after reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Gulou Hospital, Medical Department of Nanjing University, Jiangsu Province, China. yyjiang8888@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Yu-Dong
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Xue-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Lei-Lei
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi-Tao
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism*; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D019743:Chemokines, CXC