title: Effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the Twin-block appliance: a multicenter, randomized, controlled trial. Part 1: Dental and skeletal effects.
abstract: This study evaluated the effectiveness of early orthodontic treatment with the Twin-block appliance for the developing Class II Division 1 malocclusion. This multicenter trial was carried out in the United Kingdom. A total of 174 children, aged 8 to 10 years old, with Class II Division 1 malocclusion were randomly allocated to receive treatment with a Twin-block appliance or to an untreated, control group. Data were collected at the start of the study and 15 months later. Results showed that early treatment with Twin-block appliances resulted in reduction of overjet, correction of molar relationships, and reduction in severity of malocclusion. Most of this correction was due to dentoalveolar change, but some was due to favorable skeletal change. Early treatment with the Twin-block appliance is effective in reducing overjet and severity of malocclusion. The small change in the skeletal relationship might not be considered clinically significant.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Orthodontics, University Dental Hospital of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Conboy
authors.forename: YeWeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sanjie
authors.forename: Nicky
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mandall
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chadwick
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Connolly
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Birnie
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: Nigel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harradine
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McDade
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Read
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roberts-Harry
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sandler
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shaw
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D008445:Maxillofacial Development; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D009972:Orthodontics, Interceptive / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D018024:Peer Review, Health Care; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome