title: Thyroid volume as measured by ultrasonography in patients With type 1 diabetes mellitus without thyroid dysfunction.
abstract: The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess and compare thyroid volume and its derminants in a cohort of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) and compare the results to a healthy control group. We studied 65 DM1 patients treated with an intensive insulin regimen and 65 matched controls. In all participants we evaluated weight, height, BMI, waist-hip ratio, body surface area and body composition variables determined by using a bioelectrical impedance analyser. Thyroid size was estimated by ultrasonography. We determined basal TSH, anti-thyroid antibodies and urinary iodine excretion. Body weight, height, BMI and body surface area were similar in DM1 patients and in controls. Fat-free mass was higher in both male and female DM1 patients than in controls (64.4 +/- 6.9 vs. 60.4 +/- 8.2 kg, p=0.03 and 48.3 +/- 5.7 vs. 45.4 +/- 6, p=0.04, respectively), and fat mass was lower in male DM1 patients than in controls (9.7 +/- 7 vs. 14.2 +/- 8.1 kg, p=0.01). Thyroid volume was greater in both male and female DM1 patients than in controls (11.12 +/- 2.87 vs. 9.63 +/- 2.27 ml, p=0.0001 and 9.5 +/- 2.3 vs. 7.7 +/- 2 ml, p=0.002, respectively). Urinary iodine excretion was similar in the two groups. In both DM1 patients and controls, thyroid volume correlated with weight, height, BMI, waist-hip ratio, body surface area, fat-free mass and the multivariate linear regression analysis with thyroid volume as the dependent variable showed that fat-free mass in either group was the only significant determinant of thyroid volume. We conclude that DM1 patients had larger thyroid volume compared with healthy controls with similar anthropometry; body composition is different in DM1 patients and that the anthropometric and body composition variables, especially fat-free mass and body surface area, predict thyroid volume either in DM1 patients or in healthy controls.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Unit, Ciudad Sanitaria y Universitaria de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain. jmgs@csub.scs.es
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Maravall
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gumà
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Abós
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernández-Castañer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001823:Body Composition; D001830:Body Surface Area; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin