title: Toe flexors strength and passive extension range of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint in individuals with plantar fasciitis.
abstract: METHODS
  Cross-sectional study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine if a difference exists in toe flexors strength and passive extension range of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint between individuals with unilateral plantar fasciitis and control subjects.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Weakness of the dynamic longitudinal arch supporters and shortening of the plantar fascia have been suggested as etiologic factors for plantar fasciitis. METHOD AND MEASURES: Twenty subjects with unilateral plantar fasciitis participated in the study. Subjects had had symptoms for an average (+/-SD) of 19.9 +/- 33.2 months prior to participating in the study. Twenty control subjects matched for sex and age were also tested. Each subject was measured bilaterally for passive extension range of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint and peak resistance force observed during an isometric test of toe flexors strength.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with unilateral plantar fasciitis demonstrated weaker toe flexors (P<.05) than the control subjects. A significant main effect for feet also indicated that the toe flexors for the involved feet were significantly weaker than the uninvolved feet (P<.05) of subjects with unilateral plantar fasciitis. Passive extension range of motion of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was not significantly different between the involved and the uninvolved feet for subjects with plantar fasciitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results for our subjects indicate that the extensibility of soft tissues influencing extension of the first metatarsophalangeal joint was not related to the presence of plantar fasciitis. Additional research is needed to determine if toe flexors weakness is a cause or a result of plantar fasciitis and if strengthening regimes for the toe flexors are effective interventions for plantar fasciitis.
authors.affiliation: Masters Program in Human Movement Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D036981:Fasciitis, Plantar / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008683:Metatarsophalangeal Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018583:Pliability; D014034:Toes / Q000503:physiopathology*