title: 133Xe contamination found in internal bacteria filter of xenon ventilation system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report on (133)Xe contamination found in the reusable internal bacteria filter of our xenon ventilation system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Internal bacteria filters (n = 6) were evaluated after approximately 1 mo of normal use. The ventilation system was evacuated twice to eliminate (133)Xe in the system before removal of the filter. Upon removal, the filter was monitored using a survey meter with an energy-compensated probe and was imaged on a scintillation camera. The filter was monitored and imaged over several days and was stored in a fume hood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Estimated (133)Xe activity in each filter immediately after removal ranged from 132 to 2,035 kBq (3.6-55.0 micro Ci), based on imaging. Initial surface radiation levels ranged from 0.4 to 4.5 micro Sv/h (0.04-0.45 mrem/h). The (133)Xe activity did not readily leave the filter over time (i.e., time to reach half the counts of the initial decay-corrected image ranged from <6 to >72 h). The majority of the image counts (approximately 70%) were seen in 2 distinctive areas in the filter. They corresponded to sites where the manufacturer used polyurethane adhesive to attach the fiberglass filter medium to the filter housing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (133)Xe contamination within the reusable internal bacteria filter of our ventilation system was easily detected by a survey meter and imaging. Although initial activities and surface radiation levels were low, radiation safety practices would dictate that a (133)Xe-contaminated bacteria filter be stored preferably in a fume hood until it cannot be distinguished from background before autoclaving or disposal.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Safety Office and Nuclear Medicine Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Lexington, Kentucky 40502-2236, USA. michael.hackett@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Hackett
authors.forename: Judith A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Rebecca S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Wierzbinski
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003666:Decontamination / Q000295:instrumentation; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004868:Equipment Failure; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods; D011848:Radioactive Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical; D014980:Xenon Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011848:Radioactive Pollutants; D014980:Xenon Radioisotopes