title: A comparison between cholecalciferol and 25-OH-cholecalciferol on performance and eggshell quality of hens fed different levels of calcium and phosphorus.
abstract: Two experiments were conducted to determine whether the presence of 25-OH-cholecalciferol (25-OH-D3) as compared to vitamin D3 produces any beneficial effect on shell quality of laying hens. Experiment 1 consisted of a 4 x 2 factorial arrangement of the treatments with four determined Ca levels (3.34, 4.3, 4.73, and 4.94%) and two sources of vitamin D (vitamin D3 and 25-OH-D3, which were used at 69 microg/kg diet or 2,760 IU/kg diet). Experiment 2 consisted of a 3 x 2 x 2 factorial arrangement of the treatments with three determined levels of nonphytate P (NPP) (0.11, 0.21, and 0.41%), two levels of phytase (0 and 300 U/kg diet), and two sources of vitamin D (vitamin D3 and 25-OH-D3, which were used at 69 microg/kg diet, the equivalent of 2,760 IU/kg diet). Substitution of vitamin D3 with 25-OH-D3 in neither of the experiments produced any beneficial effect on shell quality. A Ca level of 3.34%, which provided the birds with 3.63 g Ca/hen per d, was adequate for performance and eggshell quality. The NPP level of 0.11% was not sufficient to support performance. However, a NPP level of 0.21% was adequate and resulted in performance that was comparable to that of birds fed the 0.41% NPP diet. The presence of phytase did not have an effect on performance but reduced several indices of the shell quality. In conclusion, under the conditions of the current experiments, the use of 25-OH-D3 did not provide any advantage for shell quality or production performance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA. kk33@cornell.edu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Keshavarz
mesh_terms: D010832:6-Phytase / Q000494:pharmacology; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D002762:Cholecalciferol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004528:Egg Shell; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D002762:Cholecalciferol; D010758:Phosphorus; D010832:6-Phytase; D002112:Calcifediol