title: Evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity of essential oils from two Asteraceae species.
abstract: The essential oils from two Asteraceae species, Porophyllum ruderale (PR) and Conyza bonariensis (CB) were screened for anti-inflammatory activity in the mouse model of pleurisy induced by zymosan (500 microg/cavity) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (250 ng/cavity). The main monoterpene constituents of each oil, beta-myrcene (in PR) and limonene (in CB), were tested in the LPS-induced pleurisy model and assayed also for immunoregulatory activity by measurement of the inhibition of NO and production of the cytokines, gamma-interferon and IL-4. The oils, when administered orally, were able to inhibit the LPS-induced inflammation including cell migration; with a similar effect being observed for pure limonene. Pure beta-myrcene and limonene were also effective in inhibiting production of nitric oxide at doses below the cytotoxicity of these monoterpenes. A significant inhibition of gamma-interferon and IL-4 production by limonene and beta-myrcene was also observed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais e Farmacologia Aplicada, Instituto de Tecnologia em Fármacos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Siani
authors.forename: M F S
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: O Júnior
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Menezes-de-Lima
authors.forename: M G M O
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Henriques
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D035401:Conyza / Q000737:chemistry*; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D000077222:Limonene; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010998:Pleurisy / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015054:Zymosan
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D013729:Terpenes; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D015054:Zymosan; D000077222:Limonene