title: Risk of postnatal depression after emergency delivery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify whether women having emergency delivery are at increased risk of developing postnatal depression (PND).
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective comparative cohort study design. Two hundred and fifty Malaysian women were part of a previous study examining the prevalence of PND in a multiracial country and the effects of postnatal rituals. All women were at least 6 weeks post-partum when asked to complete the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Sociodemographic and birth data were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data collected were divided into two groups: 55 emergency delivery and 191 non-emergency delivery. There were four missing data. There was no significant difference in the mean age, parity, gestational period, baby birthweight, 5 min baby Apgar score and EPDS scores of the two groups. However, the analysis of PND indicated that women with emergency delivery had a relative risk of 1.81 compared with women with non-emergency delivery. The comparison of the two groups using chi2 indicated a significant (chi2 = 3.94, d.f. = 1, P = 0.04) increase in the presence of PND in the emergency delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When compared with women having non-emergency delivery, women having emergency delivery had about twice the risk of developing PND. Special attention to this group appears warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, The Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland. porky154@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Koo
authors.forename: Janine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000523:psychology*; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors