title: Antinociception of intrathecal cholinesterase inhibitors and cholinergic receptors in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intrathecal cholinesterase inhibitors have been shown to have an antinociceptive effect which is mediated through the spinal cholinergic receptors, mainly muscarinic receptor. Spinal nicotinic receptor also has been involved in the control of nociception. Authors characterized the respective role of muscarinic or nicotinic receptor for the antinociception of cholinesterase inhibitors and further determined the antinociceptive potency of them.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were prepared with intrathecal catheters. Formalin-induced flinching response was regarded as a nociceptive behavior.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intrathecal neostigmine, physostigmine and edrophonium produced a dose-dependent suppression of flinching in both phases. Atropine and the M1 selective antagonist attenuated the effect of them, while the M2 selective antagonist did not affect. M3, M4 selective, and nicotinic receptor antagonists reversed the antinociception induced by edrophonium, but by neither neostigmine nor physostigmine. The ordering of potency was neostigmine > physostigmine > > edrophonium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that the nicotinic receptor may be involved, at least in part, in the antinociceptive action of cholinesterase inhibitor at the spinal level, and M1 receptor subtype may be a common pharmacologic site of action. Moreover, neostigmine is more potent than physostigmine and edrophonium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Chonnam National University, Medical School, Gwangju, Korea. mhyoon@chonnam.ac.kr
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000502:physiology*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic