title: Cost of work-related injuries in insured workplaces in Lebanon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the medical and compensation costs of work-related injuries in insured workplaces in Lebanon and to examine cost distributions by worker and injury characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 3748 claims for work injuries processed in 1998 by five major insurance companies in Lebanon were reviewed. Medical costs (related to emergency room fees, physician consultations, tests, and medications) and wage and indemnity compensation costs were identified from the claims.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median cost per injury was US dollars 83 (mean, US dollars 198; range, US dollars 0-16,401). The overall cost for all 3748 injuries was US dollars 742,100 (76% of this was medical costs). Extrapolated to all injuries within insured workplaces, the overall cost was US dollars 4.5 million a year; this increased to US dollars 10 million-13 million when human value cost (pain and suffering) was accounted for. Fatal injuries (three, 0.1%) and those that caused permanent disabilities (nine, 0.2%) accounted for 10.4% of the overall costs and hospitalized injuries (245, 6.5%) for 45%. Cost per injury was highest among older workers and for injuries that involved falls and vehicle incidents. Medical, but not compensation, costs were higher among female workers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The computed costs of work injuries--a fraction of the real burden of occupational injuries in Lebanon--represent a considerable economic loss. This calls for a national policy to prevent work injuries, with a focus on preventing the most serious injuries. Options for intervention and research are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Rim
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fayad
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nuwayhid
authors.forename: Hala
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamim
authors.forename: Kassem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kassak
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khogali
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000145:classification / Q000191:economics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D006264:Health Benefit Plans, Employee / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007345:Insurance Claim Review; D007861:Lebanon; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017149:Private Sector; D014942:Workers' Compensation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000191:economics*