title: Combined transvenous and transarterial embolization of a tentorial-incisural dural arteriovenous malformation followed by primary stent placement in the associated stenotic straight sinus. Case report.
abstract: Dural arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) involving the tentoria-incisura are associated with an aggressive clinical course characterized by subarachnoid and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH). In these lesions, venous outflow obstruction precipitates leptomeningeal venous drainage, resulting in the arterialization of pial veins and the formation of venous aneurysms, both of which are prone to hemorrhage. Stenotic lesions of the dural sinuses also contribute to the development of retrograde leptomeningeal drainage, which is responsible for the aggressive clinical course of the dural AVM. Endovascular approaches are successful in the treatment of these lesions and of any potential venous outflow obstruction caused by stenosis of a dural sinus. The authors report on a patient with a tentorial-incisural dural AVM and an accompanying stenotic venous sinus. A combined transvenous and transarterial embolization procedure was performed, resulting in complete obliteration of the dural AVM, followed by primary stent placement across a stenotic segment of the straight sinus and normalization of venous outflow. The authors conclude that dural AVMs can be treated safely by using a combined transarterial and transvenous approach and that an extensive search for venous outflow obstruction often reveals stenosis of a draining sinus. Consideration should be given to primary stent placement in the stenotic sinus to protect against ICH.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neuroendovascular Surgery and Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
authors.forename: Neil A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Troffkin
authors.forename: Cole Blease
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Turgut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berkmen
authors.forename: Ajay K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Wakhloo
mesh_terms: D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000151:congenital* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D020785:Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D003392:Cranial Sinuses / Q000473:pathology*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D015607:Stents; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods