title: Randomized clinical trial of conservative treatment for patients with whiplash-associated disorders: considerations for the design and dynamic treatment protocol.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Whiplash concerns a considerable problem to health care. Available evidence from systematic reviews indicates beneficial effects of active interventions for patients with whiplash injury. In order to evaluate whether a general practitioner or a physiotherapist should provide these active interventions, we have designed a randomized clinical trial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this article is to present the design of the trial and to provide transparency into the dynamic treatment protocol used.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with whiplash-associated disorders grade I and II who still have symptoms and disabilities 4 weeks after the accident.
  
  
  METHODS
  A dynamic treatment protocol consisting of 4 different subprotocols. The primary aim is to increase their activities and to improve their quality of life. Content and intensity of treatment are described. Outcome measures The primary outcome measures are pain and disability. The short-term effects are measured at 12 weeks and long-term effects at 1 year after the trauma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To date, generally the effect of one intervention compared to another intervention has been examined. In our opinion, this cannot be considered as usual care for physiotherapy or general practice. Therefore, a dynamic treatment protocol has been developed to structure the black box of usual physiotherapy and general practice treatment. The results of this trial will be available in 0.5 year.
authors.affiliation: Dutch National Institute of Allied Health Professions, PO Box 1161, 3800 BD Amersfoort, The Netherlands. scholten@paramedisch.org
authors.forename: Gwendolijne G M
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Scholten-Peeters
authors.forename: Arianne P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Verhagen
authors.forename: Catharina W M
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Neeleman-van der Steen
authors.forename: John C A M
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hurkmans
authors.forename: Ria W A
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Wams
authors.forename: Rob A B
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Oostendorp
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic; D000328:Adult; D002985:Clinical Protocols / Q000592:standards*; D005194:Family Practice / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000592:standards; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014911:Whiplash Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*