title: Prenatal cocaine exposure alters glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3beta) pathway in select rabbit brain areas.
abstract: Prenatal cocaine exposure in rabbits induces cerebrocortical structural abnormalities. Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK3beta) plays an important role in neuronal development and survival. This study was designed to examine the effect of prenatal cocaine on brain GSK3beta. Rabbits exposed in utero to cocaine and assessed on postnatal day 20 had increased basal levels of phospho-GSK3beta (ser-9) in frontal cortex (FCX) and striatum, but not hippocampus (HP). However, no changes in GSK3beta expression were detected in the brain regions of treated rabbits. Consistent with the change in GSK3beta activity, levels of beta-catenin, a downstream substrate of GSK3beta, increased in FCX but not in HP of cocaine offspring. Administration of a D(1) dopamine receptor agonist inhibited GSK3beta activity in FCX and HP of control rabbits but not in cocaine offspring. This loss of GSK3beta inhibition is in accord with the previously demonstrated dysfunction of this receptor in in utero cocaine-exposed animals. The results indicate that prenatal cocaine exposure alters GSK3beta pathway in select brain areas and may underlie the structural changes noted in these animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology/Pharmacology, CUNY Medical School, 138th Street and Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA.
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Xuechu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Eitan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011817:Rabbits; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051176:beta Catenin; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3