title: Magnetic resonance imaging correlates of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children.
abstract: This study compared magnetic resonance imaging size differences in several brain regions and neurocognitive function in a group of male and female children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with no comorbid learning disorders with a normal control group of children. The ADHD group demonstrated smaller total brain, superior prefrontal, and right superior prefrontal volumes, as well as significantly smaller areas for cerebellar lobules I-V and VIII-X, total corpus callosum area, and splenium. No group differences were observed for the inferior prefrontal, caudate, or cerebellar volumes, or for the area of cerebellar lobules VI-VII. In the ADHD group but not in the control group, greater right superior prefrontal volume predicted poorer performance on a test of sustained attention. Patterns of brain abnormality did not differ in male and female children with ADHD.
authors.affiliation: Center for Neuropsychological Services, Department of Psychiatry, Albuquerque 87131, USA. dhill@salud.unm.edu
authors.forename: Dina E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Ronald A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Blaine
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vigil
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Brooks
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors