title: Effects of progestins of human proliferative endometrium: an in vitro model of potential clinical relevance.
abstract: Endometrium biopsy is a useful indicator of endometrium proliferation and is clinically relevant to diagnose cell proliferation and to evaluate response to progestin treatment and to monitor hormone replacement therapy. The aim of our study was to investigate the in vitro effects of progesterone and synthetic progestins on endometrium explants with a particular focus on estradiol receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) expression which reflects through cell secretion the hormone treatment efficiency. Most widely used progestagens belonging to three distinctive groups were investigated, i.e, medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), norethindrone acetate (NOR) and nomegestrol acetate (TX) which are respectively pregnane, 19-nortestosterone and norpregnane derivatives. We used organ culture from human proliferative endometrium, in which tissue integrity, particularly gland/stroma relationships are preserved. Progestins induce epithelial cell secretion and most effects were observed at the highest concentration tested (10(-7) M) and by TX and MPA on homogeneous and on heterogeneous (including also secretory glands) proliferative endometrium respectively. In these conditions, ER as well as PR expression were decreased on both glandular and stromal cells. In contrast, progesterone at 10(-7) M significantly decreased only PR, in glands and in stroma of homogeneous proliferative endometrium, and just in stroma of heterogeneous endometrium. NOR exhibited less effects. At lower concentrations (10(-8) M, 10(-9) M), significantly less effects were observed by synthetic progestins on proliferative endometrium. The experiments show that the different types of progestins do not exhibit in vitro similar effects. Since progestins variably act on proliferative endometrium, the exposure of endometrium explants to progestins may be a useful tool to predict clinical response to hormone therapy (individual "hormonogram") and to monitor endometrium proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Pathology Department, University of Marseille Medical School, Nord Hospital, Boulevard Pierre Dramard, 13916 Marseille cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Illouz
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dales
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sferlazzo
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carpentier-Meunier
authors.forename: Léon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boubli
authors.forename: Marie-Noelle
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Lavaut
authors.forename: Colette
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Charpin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D001706:Biopsy; D002455:Cell Division; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006003:Glycogen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008535:Megestrol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009640:Norethindrone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077563:Norethindrone Acetate; D009649:Norpregnadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D045167:Progesterone Congeners / Q000494:pharmacology; D011372:Progestins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011959:Receptors, Estradiol / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D009649:Norpregnadienes; D045167:Progesterone Congeners; D011372:Progestins; D011959:Receptors, Estradiol; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C038501:nomegestrol acetate; D006003:Glycogen; D000077563:Norethindrone Acetate; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; D008535:Megestrol; D009640:Norethindrone