title: Safety, tolerability and pharmacokinetic profile of BIA 2-093, a novel putative antiepileptic agent, during first administration to humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of BIA 2-093 [S-(-)-10-acetoxy-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo/b,f/aze- pine-5-carboxamide] in healthy male volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled, single ascending dose study performed with BIA 2-093, a new putative antiepileptic drug.
  
  
  METHODS
  Groups of eight healthy male subjects (two randomised to receive placebo and the remaining six to receive BIA 2-093) received single oral doses of BIA 2-093 of 20, 50, 100, 200, 400, 600, 900 and 1200 mg. A total of 64 healthy male volunteers aged 18-35 years participated in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of adverse events, which were mild in severity, was similar between all treatment groups, including the placebo group. There were no serious adverse events during this study. No clinically significant abnormalities in laboratory safety tests, vital signs, weight, physical examination or ECG were reported. BIA 2-093 appeared to be rapidly and extensively metabolised to BIA 2-005 [RS(+/-)-10,11-dihydro-10-hydroxy-5H-dibenzo/b,f/azepine-5-carboxamide], the major metabolite, and oxcarbazepine (the minor metabolite), following single oral doses of BIA 2-093 of 20-1200 mg. Plasma BIA 2-093 concentrations were generally below the limit of quantification of the assay. Maximum plasma concentrations (C(max)) of BIA 2-005 and oxcarbazepine were reached, respectively, at 0.75-4h and 6h postdose, after which they declined with an approximate mean apparent terminal half-life of 8-17h and 7-12h, respectively. The increase in systemic exposure to BIA 2-005 was approximately proportional to the administered dose for C(max) and greater than dose proportional for the area under the concentration-time curve. Renal clearance of BIA 2-005 (20 mL/min) appeared to be constant over the dose range studied, indicating that the dose-dependent urinary recovery was due either to increased formation of BIA 2-005 with increasing dose level or to decreased non-renal elimination of the metabolite.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BIA 2-093 undergoes extensive metabolism to BIA 2-005 and was well tolerated at oral doses of 20-1200 mg.The results provide a basis for further clinical trials with BIA 2-093.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research and Development, BIAL, S. Mamede do Coronado, Portugal.
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Patrício
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Soares-da-Silva
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D003984:Dibenzazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078330:Oxcarbazepine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D003984:Dibenzazepines; D002220:Carbamazepine; C416835:eslicarbazepine acetate; D000078330:Oxcarbazepine