title: Dopamine in the medial prefrontal cortex controls genotype-dependent effects of amphetamine on mesoaccumbens dopamine release and locomotion.
abstract: Mice of background DBA/2J are hyporesponsive to the behavioral effects of D-amphetamine in comparison with the widely exploited murine background C57BL/6J. In view of the important role of dopamine (DA) release in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) regarding the behavioral effects of psychostimulants, we tested the hypothesis of an inverse relationship between mesocortical and mesoaccumbens DA functioning in the two backgrounds. Systemic D-amphetamine induces a sustained increase in DA release in the medial prefrontal cortex (mpFC) accompanied by a poor increase in the NAc in mice of the low-responsive DBA/2J background, as shown by intracerebral microdialysis in freely moving animals. The opposite occurs in C57BL/6J mice, which show low prefrontal cortical DA outflow accompanied by high accumbal extracellular DA. Moreover, the DBA/2J background showed lower locomotor activity than C57BL/6J mice following D-amphetamine challenge. Selective DA depletion in the mpFC of DBA/2J mice produced a clear-cut increase in D-amphetamine-induced DA outflow in the NAc as well as locomotor activity that reached levels similar to those observed in C57BL/6J mice. Finally, local infusion of D-amphetamine by reverse microdialysis produced a similar increase in extracellular DA in both the mpFC and the NAc of DBA/2J mice. This finding points to similar transporter-related mechanisms in the two brain areas and supports the hypothesis that low accumbal DA release induced by systemic D-amphetamine in the DBA/2J background is determined by the inhibitory action of prefrontal cortical DA. The present results indicate that genotype-dependent susceptibility to addictive properties of D-amphetamine involves unbalanced DA transmission in the mesocorticolimbic system.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Psicologia, Università 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alcaro
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cabib
authors.forename: Davide
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Conversi
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mandolesi
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puglisi-Allegra
mesh_terms: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003891:Desipramine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects; D005838:Genotype; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D017551:Microdialysis; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018759:Adrenergic Uptake Inhibitors; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D016627:Oxidopamine; D000661:Amphetamine; D003891:Desipramine; D004298:Dopamine