title: Embryotoxic effects of Solanum lycocarpum St. Hill fruits consumption during preimplantation and organogenesis in rats.
abstract: Solanum lycocarpum St. Hill is a common plant in the Brazilian savanna. This plant has an alkaloid with stereospecific configuration to the synthesis of steroid hormones. Since the plant may be consumed by pregnant animals, the present study was undertaken to determine the possible embryotoxic effects of S. lycocarpum fruit ingestion (3% added to the diet) during preimplantation (from the first to the sixth days of gestation) or during organogenesis in rats (from the sixth to the sixteenth days of gestation). Few differences were observed in food and water consumption without biological importance. The placental weight in the group that received the plant during the organogenesis period was decreased. An increase in sternebra abnormalities was observed in animals treated with the plant during organogenesis. Olfactory bulb hemorrhage was increased in the group that received the plant during preimplantation when compared to the control group. These results indicate that consumption of S. lycocarpum at 3% in diet during pregnancy cause slight toxicological effects. Other studies have to be conducted to better investigate the causes of toxicity and other toxic effects of higher levels of exposure to this plant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Prof. Dr. Orlando Marques de Paiva, 87, CEP 05508-900, SP, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: V M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Maruo
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Spinosa
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D038081:Organogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts