title: The effects of the Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPARgamma-2 gene on lipid metabolism interact with body size at birth.
abstract: Body size at birth is an indicator of the intrauterine environment. The effects of the Pro12Pro genotype and the 12Ala allele of the PPARgamma-2 gene on glucose and insulin metabolism in adult life depend on body size at birth. A low birth weight is associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgammas) are also regulators of adipocyte differentiation, and the PPARgamma-2 gene could also contribute to the development of dyslipidemia. Therefore, the effects of the Pro12Ala polymorphisms of the PPARgamma-2 gene on lipid metabolism were measured in 476 elderly persons whose birth weight was known. The Ala12 allele was associated with increased serum total, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and non-high-density lipoprotein (non-HDL) cholesterol concentrations but only among those who had birth weights below 3000 g. These interactions between the effects of the PPARgamma-2 gene on adult traits and the effects of birth weight may be interpreted as examples of gene-environmental interactions, which underlie plasticity during development.
authors.affiliation: National Public Health Institute, Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, Diabetes and Genetic Epidemiology Unit, Helsinki, Finland. johan.eriksson@ktl.fi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lindi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uusitupa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Forsén
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Osmond
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Barker
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005387:Finland; D006801:Humans; D008052:Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000235:genetics*; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014280:Triglycerides