title: Cyclic exercise induces anti-inflammatory signal molecule increases in the plasma of Parkinson's patients.
abstract: It has been known for many years that immune system alterations occur with Parkinson's disease (PD). Changes in lymphocyte populations in cerebrospinal fluid and blood, immunoglobulin synthesis, and cytokine and acute phase protein production have been observed in patients with PD. Hence, there is evidence for inflammation. In this report we demonstrate that cyclic exercise over months results in a significant increase in the rise of plasma anti-inflammatory signal molecules, such as interleukin-10 and adrenocorticotropin. Additionally, endogenous plasma morphine levels increase with the duration of the cyclic exercise protocol. Morphine is identified and quantified by high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrochemical detection and nano electro-spray ionization double quadrupole orthogonal acceleration time of flight mass spectrometry. Proinflammatory cytokine, i.e., interleukin-1, interleukin-6, plasma levels did not increase. These results matched with those reported previously, demonstrating enhanced motor skills and mood elevation with this cyclic exercise protocol, suggest that this protocol induces the formation of anti-inflammatory signal molecules, which appear to be associated with alleviation of some of the clinical characteristics of PD.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, State University of New York at Old Westbury, Old Westbury, NY 11568, USA.
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cadet
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Kirk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mantione
authors.forename: Marilyn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rymer
authors.forename: Irving
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dardik
authors.forename: Stan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reisman
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hagberg
authors.forename: George B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Stefano
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000368:Aged; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D009020:Morphine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000097:blood*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016753:Interleukin-10; D009020:Morphine; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone