title: Benzydamine inhibits monocyte migration and MAPK activation induced by chemotactic agonists.
abstract: 1. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of benzydamine, an anti-inflammatory drug devoid of activity on arachidonic acid metabolism, on monocyte chemotaxis and to define the possible biochemical correlates of activity. 2. Benzydamine inhibited monocyte chemotaxis in response to three classes of chemoattractants: the prototypic CC-chemokine CCL2 (MCP-1), the microbial product fMLP and the complement cascade component C5a. The effect was dose-dependent with IC50's of 100, 50 and 45 microm for MCP-1/CCL2, fMLP and C5a, respectively. At the dose of 100 microm, the effect resulted in a 50+/-10% inhibition of MCP-1/CCL2-induced chemotaxis and 53+/-6 and 54+/-5% inhibitions of chemotaxis in response of fMLP and C5a, respectively (n=3). 3. Receptor expression as well as calcium fluxes in response to chemoattractants were not affected by benzydamine. 4. Benzydamine strongly inhibited chemoattractant-induced activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) ERK1/2, and of its upstream activator kinase MEK1/2. ERK1/12 activation in response to chemoattractants was 89-98% inhibited by a 100 microm concentration of benzydamine with an IC50 of 30 microm. 5. Under the same experimental conditions, pretreatment with 100 microm benzydamine caused a 75-89% inhibition of p38 activation (IC50 25 microm). 6. These results indicate that the anti-inflammatory activity of benzydamine is exerted at multiple levels, including monocyte migration to chemotactic factors associated to a blockage of ERK and p38 MAPK pathways.
authors.affiliation: Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research, Via Eritrea 62, Milan 20157, Italy.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Riboldi
authors.forename: Giada
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frascaroli
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Transidico
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Luini
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernasconi
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guglielmotti
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Milanese
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinza
authors.forename: Silvano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sozzani
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mantovani
mesh_terms: D001591:Benzydamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D015936:Complement C5a / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D001591:Benzydamine; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D015936:Complement C5a; C482128:MAP2K2 protein, human; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048369:MAP Kinase Kinase 1; D048370:MAP Kinase Kinase 2; C482125:MAP2K1 protein, human; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases