title: A cluster of cases of abdominal pain possibly associated with high copper levels in a private water supply.
abstract: This paper reports on an outbreak of abdominal pain and vomiting in 12 people who worked on a small industrial estate in rural Cheshire (in the United Kingdom). Investigations at the time were unable to identify the cause, although it was noted that the private water supply was poorly managed. Some weeks later, blue crystals were noted precipitating out of a routine water sample. Analysis of the sample gave a copper concentration of 45,110 micrograms/L. The symptoms complained of in the outbreak cases were compatible with copper poisoning. Further investigations showed that episodes of blue discoloration of the drinking water had occurred in the past. Furthermore, copper pipes in the distribution system showed evidence of internal corrosion.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, Health Policy and Practice, University of East Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hoveyda
authors.forename: Bill
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yates
authors.forename: C Rachael
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bond
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Hunter
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D016272:Occupational Health; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D003300:Copper