title: An essential role of Bmp4 in the atrioventricular septation of the mouse heart.
abstract: Proper septation and valvulogenesis during cardiogenesis depend on interactions between the myocardium and the endocardium. By combining use of a hypomorphic Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (Bmp4) allele with conditional gene inactivation, we here identify Bmp4 as a signal from the myocardium directly mediating atrioventricular septation. Defects in this process cause one of the most common human congenital heart abnormalities, atrioventricular canal defect (AVCD). The spectrum of defects obtained through altering Bmp4 expression in the myocardium recapitulates the range of AVCDs diagnosed in patients, thus providing a useful genetic model with AVCD as the primary defect.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kulessa
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tompkins
authors.forename: Yingna
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Lorene
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Batts
authors.forename: H Scott
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: Brigid L M
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Hogan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2
chemical_list: C525809:BMP4 protein, human; C525810:Bmp4 protein, mouse; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; C509041:TGFB2 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2