title: Mitogenic effects of phospholipase D and phosphatidic acid in transiently permeabilized astrocytes: effects of ethanol.
abstract: Investigations of lipid-mediated signalling pathways are often limited by a lack of methods for the intracellular delivery of lipid messengers. We established a procedure for the transient permeabilization of astrocytes by an oxygen-insensitive mutant of streptolysin-O (SLO) to investigate the participation of the phospholipase D (PLD) signalling pathway in astroglial cell proliferation. Exogenous PLD, when incubated in the presence of SLO, caused an increase in DNA synthesis (measured by thymidine incorporation) which was completely suppressed by ethanol (0.3%, v/v). In parallel experiments, phosphatidic acid also induced a dose-dependent mitogenic response which, however, was not affected by the presence of ethanol. Phosphatidic acid was more effective in this assay than diacylglycerol but its effect was sensitive to the protein kinase inhibitor Ro 31-8220. Our findings provide direct evidence that disruption of the PLD signalling pathway by ethanol is sufficient to suppress astroglial proliferation, an effect that might contribute to the inhibition of brain growth in alcoholic embryopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schatter
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Walev
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013301:Streptolysins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C011439:1,2-diacylglycerol; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004075:Diglycerides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D008934:Mitogens; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D013301:Streptolysins; C025964:streptolysin O; D000431:Ethanol; D004247:DNA; D010739:Phospholipase D; C064758:Ro 31-8220