title: Alleged sexual abuse at a day care center: impact on parents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This report describes the cascade of stressful events and secondary life changes experienced by parents in a case of alleged sexual abuse at a day care program. The study evaluated parents' Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms and general psychological responses to the stressful events 4 years after the alleged abuse, and explored predictive factors of parental distress.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 39 parents were interviewed about stressful events, life changes, and social support. Current distress reactions, psychological wellbeing, and locus of control were assessed with a battery of standardized measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hearing about the sexual abuse, testifying in court, hearing the verdict, and being exposed in media reports were all rated by the parents as distressing events. The majority of the parents experienced secondary life changes after the alleged sexual abuse. Four years after the alleged sexual abuse, one-third of the parents reported a high level of PTSD Intrusive symptoms and one-fourth reported a high level of PTSD Avoidance symptoms. There was a significant positive correlation between a measure of psychological wellbeing and PTSD. Secondary life changes and locus of control significantly predicted PTSD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that the alleged sexual abuse of children in day care and the resulting events in the legal system and the media constitute significant and chronic stressors in the lives of the children's parents. These findings underscore the need to expand the focus of trauma-related sequelae from the child victim to their parents and family.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, MTFS, NO-7489 Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Grete
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dyb
authors.forename: Are
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holen
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Ned
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Pynoos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D002656:Child Day Care Centers / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D008192:Deception; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D012424:Rural Population; D012650:Self Disclosure; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology