title: Effect of surface penetrating sealant on roughness of posterior composite resins.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify the effect of surface penetrating sealant on the roughness of posterior resin-based composites before and after mechanical toothbrushing.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 specimens of four different composites (Alert, Definite, Z100 and Prodigy Condensable) were made using a metal matrix (height 2 mm and diameter 4 mm). After 24 hours, the specimens were polished using Sof-Lex discs in sequence: coarse, medium, fine and superfine, each for 40 seconds and, immediately, one of the surfaces was covered with Protect-It surface sealant. All the specimens were examined with a profilometer to measure the initial surface roughness before mechanical toothbrushing at a constant speed of 250 strokes/minute with a total of 30,000 cycles, using a toothbrush and dentifrice containing calcium carbonate as abrasive, under a load of 200 g. After toothbrushing the surface roughness was measured once again. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and the Tukey test at a 95% confidence level.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mechanical toothbrushing increased the surface roughness of all the composites studied (Alert: 0.7303 +/- 0.0942 microm; Definite: 0.4961 +/- 0.1255 microm; Z100: 0.3428 +/- 0.0841 microm), with the exception of Prodigy Condensable (0.2782 +/- 0.0678 microm) (P > 0.05). The surface penetrating sealant effectively decreased the surface roughness for Alert (0.5435 +/- 0.2182 microm) and Definite (0.2956 +/- 0.0368 microm) (P < 0.05), but had no effect upon Z100 (0.3331 +/- 0.0565 microm) and Prodigy Condensable (0.2760 +/- 0.0920 microm) as these have smaller filler sizes than the other composites tested (P > 0.05).
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School-UNICAMP, Av. Limeira, 901, Piracicaba, SP Brazil 13414-018. paulohsantos@bol.com.br
authors.forename: Paulo Henrique
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: dos Santos
authors.forename: Simonides
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Consani
authors.forename: Lourenço
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Correr Sobrinho
authors.forename: Mário Alexandre
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Coelho Sinhoreti
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003775:Dental Polishing; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D012833:Siloxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: C406265:Alert composite resin; D003188:Composite Resins; C421785:Definite composite resin; D003802:Dentifrices; D008689:Methacrylates; C477351:Prodigy Condensable; C480360:Protect-It; D012833:Siloxanes; D013729:Terpenes; C083568:Z100 composite resin; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015040:Zirconium; D002119:Calcium Carbonate