title: Islet beta-cell apoptosis triggered in vivo by interleukin-1beta is not related to the inducible nitric oxide synthase pathway: evidence for mitochondrial function impairment and lipoperoxidation.
abstract: IL-1beta is recognized as an effector cytokine contributing to islet beta-cell destruction during diabetes. We have previously shown in vitro that IL-1beta induces nitric oxide (NO) and beta-cell damage. Here, we show that IL-1beta administration in vivo to Wistar rats transiently increases manganese superoxide dismutase activity, whereas inducible NO synthase is not detected, and the levels of nitrate+nitrate do not change. Moreover, a significant decrease of mitochondrial aconitase, leading to a rise of hydroperoxides, and islet beta-cell apoptosis, involving caspase-3 and -8, is observed. Analysis of adhesion molecules in beta-cells showed that intercellular adhesion molecule-1 is highly expressed 48 h after IL-1beta administration and that this is concomitant to the fall of manganese superoxide dismutase activity. Thus, IL-1beta exerts a proapoptotic effect in vivo through mitochondrial enzyme alteration, which is not related to the inducible NO synthase pathway, and dysregulates the immune system through the up-regulation of adhesion molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Oncological Services, University of Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: Matilde
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Todaro
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Gaudio
authors.forename: Marialuisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lavitrano
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stassi
authors.forename: Gianpaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papaccio
mesh_terms: D000154:Aconitate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; C505528:Casp8 protein, rat; C506435:Casp9 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases; D000154:Aconitate Hydratase