title: Control of anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway gene expression by eutypine, a toxin from Eutypa lata, in grape cell tissue cultures.
abstract: Eutypine, 4-hydroxy-3-(3-methyl-3-butene-1-ynyl) benzaldehyde, is a toxin produced by Eutypa lata, the causal agent of Eutypa dieback in grapevine. The effect of the toxin on anthocyanin synthesis has been investigated in Vitis vinifera cv. Gamay cell cultures. At concentrations higher than 200 micromol/L, eutypine reduced anthocyanin accumulation in cells. The reduction in anthocyanin accumulation was proportional to the eutypine concentrations and HPLC analysis showed that eutypine affected the levels of all anthocyanins. The effect of eutypine application on the expression of five genes of the anthocyanin biosynthesis pathway, including chalcone synthase (CHS), flavonone-3-hydroxylase (F3H), dihydroflavonol 4-reductase (DFR), leucoanthocyanidin dioxygenase (LDOX), and UDP glucose-flavonoid 3-O-glucosyl transferase (UFGT) was determined. Expression of CHS, F3H, DFR and LDOXwas not affected by the addition of eutypine to grapevine cell cultures. In contrast, expression of the UFGT gene was dramatically inhibited by the toxin. These results suggest that in grapevine cell cultures, eutypine strongly affects anthocyanin accumulation by inhibiting UFGT gene expression. The mechanism of action of eutypine is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institut National Polytechnique, Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique de Toulouse, UMR INRA/INP-ENSAT 990, BP 107, F-31326 Castanet Tolosan cedex, France.
authors.forename: Maha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Afifi
authors.forename: Ashraf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Kereamy
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Legrand
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chervin
authors.forename: Marie-Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Monje
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nepveu
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Roustan
mesh_terms: D000480:Alkynes; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001203:Ascomycota; D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D007700:Kinetics; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D027843:Vitis / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000480:Alkynes; D000872:Anthocyanins; D001547:Benzaldehydes; D009183:Mycotoxins; C102200:eutypine