Neurobehavioral outcome in persons with violent or nonviolent traumatic brain injury.
OBJECTIVE
To broaden the investigation of those injured violently by examining neuropsychological and psychosocial outcomes in relation to circumstances of traumatic brain injury and preinjury factors.


METHODS
A prospective, longitudinal study.


METHODS
A total of 752 adults with traumatic brain injury was grouped into those injured by violent or nonviolent circumstances and followed to 1-year post injury.


METHODS
Circumstance groups were compared on demographics, preexisting conditions, brain injury severity, and neuropsychological and psychosocial outcomes.


RESULTS
The results indicate significant differences between the groups on demographics, preexisting conditions, and head injury severity. Neuropsychological and psychosocial outcome did not differ between the circumstance groups when all other factors were taken into account.


CONCLUSIONS
Injury severity and characteristics of the person that predate the injury were important to outcome rather than the circumstances of the injury itself.
Machamer
Joan E
JE
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
Temkin
Nancy R
NR
Dikmen
Sureyya S
SS
D000328:Adult; D001519:Behavior; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014754:Violence