title: Early short-term treatment with doxycycline modulates postinfarction left ventricular remodeling.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Myocardial infarction (MI) is associated with early metalloproteinase (MMP) activation and extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation. We hypothesized that preserving the original ECM of the infarcted left ventricle (LV) by use of early short-term doxycycline (DOX) treatment preserves cardiac structure and function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LV morphometry and function were measured in 3 groups of rats (sham, MI, and MI+DOX). DOX (30 mg/kg per day) was given orally 48 hours before and 48 hours after MI. Rats were examined at 2 and 4 weeks after MI. By 4 weeks, DOX significantly decreased (P<0.05 versus MI) the heart weight to body weight ratio, myocyte cross-sectional area, and internal LV diameter, whereas it preserved anterior wall thickness within the infarct. Collagen/muscle area fraction did not change in the region of the infarct/scar. Parallel left shifts (versus MI) were observed in pressure-volume relationships of DOX MI rats at all pressures. DOX treatment also shifted passive epicardial strains within the scar area toward normal values. No differences were observed in LV end-diastolic or peak systolic pressures, peak positive or negative LV dP/dt, or isovolumic relaxation rates. Assessment of LV global MMP and MMP-2/9 activities 1 hour after MI using fluorescent probes yielded significant differences with DOX.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Brief, early MMP inhibition after MI yields preservation of LV structure and global as well as scar area passive function, supporting the concept that preserving the original ECM early after coronary occlusion lessens ventricular remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, Calif, USA. fvillarr@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Villarreal
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Omens
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dillmann
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Covell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D004318:Doxycycline