title: Characterization of voltage-gated calcium currents in gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons tagged with green fluorescent protein in rats.
abstract: Functional analysis of GnRH neurons is limited, although these neurons play an important role in neuroendocrine regulation. Therefore, we decided to conduct cell physiological analysis of GnRH neurons. To identify GnRH neurons, we tagged the neurons with green fluorescence protein by a transgenic technique. A dispersed culture of GnRH neurons was prepared from the transgenic rats. After overnight culture, a perforated patch clamp was applied to the identified GnRH neurons to analyze the Ca2+ currents. In neonatal GnRH neurons, high voltage-activated Ca2+ currents were clearly observed, but low voltage-activated Ca2+ current was negligible. Nimodipine (L-type channel blocker) and omega-conotoxin GVIA (N-type channel blocker) each attenuated the current by approximately 20%. The R-type channel blocker SNX-482 attenuated the current by approximately 55%. Inhibition by the P/Q-type channel blocker omega-agatoxin IVA was small. In GnRH neurons around puberty, however, both high and low voltage-activated Ca2+ currents were observed. Inhibitions by nifedipine, omega-conotoxin GVIA, and SNX-482 were similar to those in the neonatal neurons, whereas the inhibition by omega-agatoxin IVA was clearly seen in 40-61% of the GnRH neurons examined. These results indicate that GnRH neurons functionally express L-, N-, P/Q-, R-, and T-type channels. Expressions of P/Q- and T-type channels are developmentally regulated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Nippon Medical School, Sendagi 1, Bunkyo Tokyo 113-8602 Japan. mkato@nms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masakatsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ui-Tei
authors.forename: Miho
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakuma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone