title: Chiropractic treatment of temporomandibular disorders using the activator adjusting instrument: a prospective case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if there was a basis for the treatment of temporomandibular disease (TMD) using the chiropractic protocol developed by Activator Methods, International.
  
  
  METHODS
  Private, solo practice of an Activator advanced proficiency rated chiropractor with 15 years experience.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine adult volunteers with articular TMD recruited from the practice of the treating clinician. Main outcome measures Change from baseline to follow-up of Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain and maximum active mouth opening without pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Full spine and TMJ adjusting in accordance with the advanced protocol of Activator Methods, International. Participants were typically seen 3 times per week for 2 weeks and according to individual progress thereafter for 6 more weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight participants completed outcome assessments. The median VAS decrease was 45 mm (range 21-71); all experienced improvement. The median increase of mouth opening was 9 mm (range 1-15); all showed improvement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this prospective case series indicated that the TMD symptoms of these participants improved following a course of treatment using the Activator Methods, International protocol. Consequently, further investigation of this type of chiropractic treatment for patients with the articular type of TMD is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Palmer Center for Chiropractic Research, 741 Brady Street, Davenport, Iowa 52803, USA. devocht_j@palmer.edu
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Devocht
authors.forename: Cynthia R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Deborah L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Zeitler
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schaeffer
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D026882:Manipulation, Chiropractic / Q000379:methods; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019224:Temporomandibular Joint Disc / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome