title: Dynamics of gel isoelectric focusing with ampholytic dyes monitored by camera in real-time.
abstract: The dynamics of gel isoelectric focusing were studied by using amphoteric low-molecular-mass colored substances (isoelectric point markers). The polyacrylamide gel in slab format was in direct contact with the electrodes. In addition to isoelectric focusing with a pH gradient composed of synthetic carrier ampholytes, pH gradients created by simple buffers of acetic acid, 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid, histidine and N,N,N',N'-tetramethylethylenediamine were applied. The progress of the electrofocusing process was monitored by a charge-coupled device camera and video recording. The gradient profile and dynamics were approximated from the positions of isoelectric point markers, which were focused both on boundaries between individual zones of simple buffers and within the zones themselves. The obtained animated records enabled the observation of the entire real focusing run within fractions of a minute, which is useful both for the understanding and optimization of the focusing.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Veveri 97, 611 42 Brno, Czech Republic. stastna@iach.cz
authors.forename: Miroslava
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stastná
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Slais
mesh_terms: D002021:Buffers; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing / Q000379:methods*; D010781:Photography
chemical_list: D002021:Buffers; D004396:Coloring Agents