title: Functional analysis of the stem-loop structures at the 5' end of the Aichi virus genome.
abstract: Aichi virus is a member of the family Picornaviridae. Computer-assisted secondary structure prediction suggested the formation of three stem-loop structures (SL-A, SL-B, and SL-C from the 5' end) within the 5'-end 120 nucleotides of the genome. We have already shown that the most 5'-end stem-loop, SL-A, is critical for viral RNA replication. Here, using an infectious cDNA clone and a replicon harboring a luciferase gene, we revealed that formation of SL-B and SL-C on the positive strand is essential for viral RNA replication. In addition, the specific nucleotide sequence of the loop segment of SL-B was also shown to be critical for viral RNA replication. Mutations of the upper and lower stems of SL-C that do not disrupt the base-pairings hardly affected RNA replication, but decreased the yields of viable viruses significantly compared with for the wild-type. This suggests that SL-C plays a role at some step besides RNA replication during virus infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology and Parasitology, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi 470-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagashima
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Koki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012093:Replicon; D014162:Transfection; D014709:Vero Cells; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012367:RNA, Viral; D008156:Luciferases