title: [A case of intractable epilepsy showing frequent gelastic seizures by administration of clobazam].
abstract: A 13-year-old boy patient had severe mental retardation and spastic quadriplegia due to fetal distress and hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in the perinatal period. He suffered from West syndrome at the age of 7 months, and subsequently was diagnosed as having symptomatic localization-related epilepsy. His intractable epileptic seizures were not controlled by combination of various antiepileptic drugs. After prescribing nitrazepam and zonisamide for more than 1 year, we added clobazam (CLB), which has been marketed in Japan since 2000, to this combination therapy. After the introduction of CLB, tonic seizures disappeared. However, gelastic seizures laughing with a stiff face and a wry mouth appeared frequently before falling asleep, and sleep disturbance worsened subsequently. It has not been reported previously that gelastic seizures are a side effect of CLB, although irritability and sleep disturbance have been described.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000078306:Clobazam; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007845:Laughter; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000078306:Clobazam