title: Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in chondroblastoma: immunohistochemical analysis with special emphasis on local inflammatory reaction.
abstract: To investigate the frequency and mechanism of the peritumoral inflammatory reaction in chondroblastoma, we evaluated the relationship between clinicoradiological findings and immunohistochemical expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in excised tumors. Twenty-one cases of chondroblastoma were studied. Imaging analysis was performed with radiographs and T1- and T2-weighted magnetic resonance images in all cases and with computed tomography scan and bone scintigraphy in some cases. Immunohistochemical study for COX-2 was carried out using formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissues. Periosteal reaction was observed in 6 cases (29%) and bone marrow edema in 15 cases (71%). Soft-tissue edema, joint effusion, and synovitis were found in 10 cases (48%), in 7 cases (33%), and in 9 cases (43%), respectively. Immunohistochemical expression of COX-2 in chondroblastoma cells was found in 15 of 21 cases (71%). The intensity of COX-2 immunoreactivity was correlated statistically with the presence of periosteal reaction, bone-marrow edema, soft-tissue edema, and synovitis. Our results indicate that activation of eicosanoid synthesis by COX-2 expression in the tumor itself is probably an important factor, inducing peritumoral inflammatory changes in chondroblastomas.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D002804:Chondroblastoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000032:analysis*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008938:Mitosis; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000201:enzymology; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000032:analysis*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases