Transvenous sonographically guided percutaneous access for treatment of an indirect carotid cavernous fistula.
When standard transarterial or transvenous interventional techniques failed to provide access to treat an indirect carotid cavernous fistula, we used sonographically guided direct percutaneous access through the facial vein to successfully embolize a lesion.
D000368:Aged; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal; D020216:Carotid-Cavernous Sinus Fistula / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005145:Face / Q000098:blood supply; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014680:Veins