title: Reactive oxygen species mediate TGF-beta1-induced plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 upregulation in mesangial cells.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) promotes tissue fibrosis by upregulating genes encoding extracellular matrix proteins and by increasing the synthesis of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1). TGF-beta1 induces cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and PAI-1 promoter region has binding sites for redox sensitive transcription factors. We, therefore, hypothesized that TGF-beta1-induced upregulation of PAI-1 is ROS-dependent. Using cultured glomerular mesangial cells, we confirmed that TGF-beta1 induces cellular ROS, upregulates PAI-1 mRNA and protein expression, and suppresses plasmin activity. We further demonstrated that H(2)O(2) stimulates PAI-1 expression and suppresses plasmin activity and that N-acetylcysteine effectively reverses TGF-beta1- and H(2)O(2)-induced changes in PAI-1 expression and plasmin activity. Basal as well as TGF-beta1- and H(2)O(2)-induced PAI-1 expression was upregulated by depletion of intracellular GSH. The present data demonstrate that TGF-beta1-induced PAI-1 in mesangial cells is ROS-dependent and imply that cellular ROS may be potential therapeutic targets in glomerular fibrosis.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000502:physiology; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C508962:Tgfb1 protein, rat; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005341:Fibrinolysin