title: [The state of refraction in children with ophthalmic diseases of the disabling form].
abstract: The refraction condition was analyzed in 670 impaired-vision schoolchildren with various ophthalmic pathologies. Refraction defects were diagnosed in 98.9% of cases. Myopic refraction was detected in 48.9% of cases, while hypermetropic refraction was found in 50.0% of cases. Astigmatism was observed in 97.8% of cases; in 38.6%, it exceeded 2.0 diopters, which was mainly encountered at the retinopathy of prematurely newborns, albinism and congenital myopia. Compound astigmatism was detected in 83.5% of cases and mixed astigmatism was present in 8.3% of cases; the latter was more frequent diagnosed in persons with albinism and with abnormal development of the eyeball. Regular astigmatism was found in 78 > 8 of the examinees, inversed astigmatism was found in 11.0% of cases and squint astigmatism was detected in 10.2% of cases, the last mentioned type was more often found at the retinopathy of prematurely newborns, abnormal development of the eyes and at postoperative aphakia. Anisometry exceeded 2.0 diopters in 21.8% of cases; a high anisometry was more frequent at the retinopathy of prematurely newborns, congenital myopia and aphakia. 7.6% of schoolchildren lacked the subject-vision in the second eye. Nystagmus was registered in 46.4% of children. The spectacle vision correction was found to be effective in 94.8% of cases, however, the severe refractive defects belong to the unfavorable factors for an optimal spectacle vision correction or for creating a full-value binocular vision image. Groups were specified, which are more favorable and more complicated for the spectacle correction of impaired vision. The use of modern contact lenses in the correction of high-degree ametropia, astygmatigmus and anisometry can be of an effective assistance in expanding the indications for a rational optic correction in impaired-vision children.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000417:Albinism / Q000150:complications; D001251:Astigmatism / Q000175:diagnosis; D002648:Child; D003261:Contact Lenses; D005124:Eye Abnormalities / Q000150:complications; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D005139:Eyeglasses; D006801:Humans; D006956:Hyperopia / Q000175:diagnosis; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009216:Myopia / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000150:complications
vernacular_title: Sostoianie refraktsii pri invalidiziruiushchikh formakh oftal'mopatologii u deteĭ.