title: STUDIES ON THE PATHOGENESIS OF FEVER. XII. ELECTROLYTIC FACTORYS INFLUENCING THE RELEASE OF ENDOGENOUS PYROGEN FROM POLYMORPHONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTES.
abstract: The metabolic reactions responsible for the release of endogenous pyrogen from rabbit granulocytes incubated in 0.15 M NaCl are specifically inhibited by the presence of K(+) (and by related alkali metal ions, Rb(+) and Cs(+)) in the medium. The inhibitory action of K(+) apparently involves penetration of the cell membrane and is directly antagonized by the cardiac glycoside, ouabain. It is concluded, therefore, that the inhibition of pyrogen release by extracellular K(+) is due to transport of K(+) into the cell. Although the precise molecular mechanisms which are responsible for the release of pyrogen from granulocytes incubated in K-free saline have not been elucidated, further study of the process has revealed: (a) that it is preceded by the accumulation of pyrogen within the cell, (b) that it depends upon the catalytic action of one or more sulfhydryl-containing enzymes, (c) that it does not require energy, either from glycolysis or from reactions depending on molecular oxygen, and (d) that its inhibition by K(+) and by arsenite is qualitatively similar to the depression caused by these same reagents on the release of other leucocytic proteins; i.e., lysozyme and aldolase.
mesh_terms: D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001826:Body Fluids; D002118:Calcium; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D004798:Enzymes; D005110:Extracellular Space; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005334:Fever; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007239:Infections; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007962:Leukocytes; D008660:Metabolism; D009113:Muramidase; D009504:Neutrophils; D010042:Ouabain; D010710:Phosphates; D011188:Potassium; D011749:Pyrogens; D011817:Rabbits; D012106:Research; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004798:Enzymes; D007375:Interleukin-1; D010710:Phosphates; D011749:Pyrogens; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; C008270:leukocyte endogenous mediator; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D010042:Ouabain; D009113:Muramidase; D000446:Aldehyde-Lyases; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium
keywords: ALDEHYDE-LYASES; BACTERIA; BACTERIAL PROTEINS; BODY FLUIDS; CALCIUM; CARBOHYDRATE METABOLISM; ENZYMES; EXPERIMENTAL LAB STUDY; EXTRACELLULAR SPACE; EXUDATES AND TRANSUDATES; FEVER; HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY; HYDROGEN-ION CONCENTRATION; INFECTION; LEUKOCYTES; METABOLISM; MURAMIDASE; OUABAIN; PHOSPHATES; POTASSIUM; PYROGENS; RABBITS; SODIUM CHLORIDE; SULFHYDRYL COMPOUNDS