title: NICOTINIC ACID ANALOGS: EFFECTS ON RESPONSE OF CHICK EMBRYOS AND HENS TO ORGANOPHOSPHATE TOXICANTS.
abstract: Embryonic abnormalities are known to be induced in chick embryos when they are injected with certain organophosphate insecticides prior to incubation. The marked teratogenic effects of Bidrin [3-(dimethoxyphosphinyloxy) N, N-dimethyl-cis-crotonamide] can be alleviated by many analogs of nicotinamide and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. Successive hydroxylation and N-dealkylation of Bidrin in the egg are not greatly altered by injection of nicotinamide. The delayed neurotoxicity in adult hens after administering tri-o-cresyl phosphate is also partially relieved by administering certain nicotinamide analogs.
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D002219:Carbamates; D002490:Central Nervous System; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D002802:Cholinesterases; D003408:Cresols; D005260:Female; D005928:Glossitis; D006128:Growth; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D007306:Insecticides; D009243:NAD; D009420:Nervous System; D009525:Niacin; D009536:Niacinamide; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010600:Pharmacology; D010710:Phosphates; D011200:Poultry; D012106:Research; D014116:Toxicology; D014317:Tritolyl Phosphates
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D003408:Cresols; D007306:Insecticides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010710:Phosphates; D014317:Tritolyl Phosphates; D009243:NAD; D009536:Niacinamide; D009525:Niacin; C000944:dicrotophos; D002802:Cholinesterases; C025541:tri-o-cresyl phosphate
keywords: ABNORMALITIES, DRUG-INDUCED; BIOLOGICAL ASSAY; CARBAMATES; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CHICK EMBRYO; CHOLINESTERASE; CRESOLS; EXPERIMENTAL LAB STUDY; GLOSSITIS; GROWTH; HISTOCYTOCHEMISTRY; NAD; NICOTINAMIDE; PHARMACOLOGY; PHOSPHATES; POULTRY; TOXICOLOGIC REPORT