title: ZBITNEW A: UPPER RESPIRATORY DISEASE IN THOUROUGHBRED HORSES: STUDIES OF ITS VIRAL ETIOLOGY IN THE TORONTO AREA, 1960 TO 1963.
abstract: From outbreaks of upper respiratory infection of horses in the Toronto area between 1960 and 1963, several viruses have been isolated. The viruses, isolated in tissue cultures or eggs, include an equine strain of Myxovirus parainfluenzae 3; two strains of equine influenza virus, A/equi-1/Prague/56, and A/equi-2/Miami/63; equine rhinopneumonitis virus, and two newly recognized viruses of the horse, equine rhinoviruses. In addition serological evidence suggested a widespread infection with these viruses in the population under study. Because of the identical clinical picture seen and the complex etiology of the disease, immunization against upper respiratory disease of the horse does not appear to be completely feasible at this time.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002170:Canada; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006564:Herpesviridae; D006734:Horse Diseases; D006736:Horses; D009980:Influenza A virus; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae; D010222:Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human; D010223:Parainfluenza Virus 2, Human; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections; D010336:Pathology; D010849:Picornaviridae; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections; D012229:Rhinovirus; D014780:Viruses
keywords: CANADA; HERPESVIRUS; HORSE DISEASES; INFLUENZA VIRUSES; PARA-INFLUENZA VIRUSES; PATHOLOGY; RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; RHINOVIRUS