Bladder neck cinch for pediatric neurogenic outlet deficiency.
OBJECTIVE
The fascial bladder neck sling achieves continence in 50% to 90% of children with neurogenic outlet deficiency. Most slings apply only partial pressure around the bladder neck. We evaluated the effectiveness of a rectus fascia bladder neck cinch which applies circumferential pressure around the bladder neck and elevation as a means of increasing outlet resistance.


METHODS
Fifteen children with spina bifida underwent a fascial bladder neck cinch procedure at the time of augmentation cystoplasty. A 1 to 1.5 cm width of variable length rectus fascia was harvested and a vertical slit was made in 1 end. The fascia was "cinched" tightly around the bladder neck and secured to the symphysis or rectus fascia.


RESULTS
The 14 girls and 1 boy ranged in age range from 4 to 17 years. All children had neurogenic intrinsic sphincter deficiency and a poorly compliant and/or small capacity bladder. Followup ranged from 10 to 36 months (followup in 12 greater than 1 year). Postoperatively, all children perform clean intermittent catheterization. At the last followup 8 girls and the boy (60%) were dry (no leak and no pads at 4 hours from the last catheterization and dry throughout the night).


CONCLUSIONS
Rectus fascia used as a bladder neck cinch is effective but no better than other bladder neck slings for decreasing urinary incontinence. The bladder neck cinch appears to be an acceptable addition to the technique of fascial slings. However, we have subsequently changed our technique because these results did not meet our expectations.
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000071938:Fasciotomy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009122:Muscle Hypertonia / Q000151:congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000150:complications; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000151:congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000151:congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology