title: Chemical restraint of peccaries with tiletamine/zolazepam and xylazine or tiletamine/zolazepam and butorphanol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of a combination of tiletamine/zolazepam and xylazine (TZX) in collared and white-lipped peccaries and to compare its efficacy as an anesthetic technique with that of tiletamine/zolazepam and butorphanol (TZB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective experimental trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven white-lipped peccaries (Tayassu pecari) (four females and three males) and four collared peccaries (Tayasu tajacu) (two males and two females).
  
  
  METHODS
  Animal immobilization was attempted with TZX and TZB (IM) on two different occasions. Heart and respiratory rates (HR, RR), rectal temperature (RT), sedation, muscle relaxation, posture, auditory response and analgesia were evaluated every 15 minutes during immobilization. Induction, anesthesia, standing and walking time were determined after drug administration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Doses for white-lipped peccaries were 1.23 +/- 0.26 mg kg(-1) (mean +/- SD) of TZ and 1.23 +/- 0.26 mg kg(-1) of X, and 1.46 +/- 0.09 mg kg(-1) of TZ and 0.14 +/- 0.008 mg kg(-1) of B; doses for collared peccaries were 1.51 +/- 0.29 mg kg(-1) of TZ and 1.51 +/- 0.29 mg kg(-1) of X and 1.68 +/- 0.02 mg kg(-1) of TZ and 0.17 +/- 0.002 mg kg(-1) of B. In white-lipped peccaries, both drug combinations provided a smooth induction and good immobilization for more than an hour. Anesthesia and standing times were significantly longer in animals given TZB, whereas walking time was significantly longer in animals given TZX. A significant decrease in HR was observed with both treatments. Respiratory rate decreased significantly with TZX, but the rate remained higher than with TZB. Induction and recovery quality in white-lipped peccaries was better with TZB than with TZX. Neither protocol provided adequate immobilization in collared peccaries.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At the doses described, TZB is effective in providing a long period of immobilization, whereas TZX is adequate for short to medium immobilization in white-lipped peccaries. Neither drug combination was effective in collared peccaries at the doses given.
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D001188:Artiodactyla / Q000502:physiology*; D001831:Body Temperature; D002077:Butorphanol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D007103:Immobilization; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration; D013992:Tiletamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014991:Xylazine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015041:Zolazepam / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D014991:Xylazine; D013992:Tiletamine; D015041:Zolazepam; D002077:Butorphanol