title: Maple syrup urine disease encephalopathy: a follow-up study in the acute stage using diffusion-weighted MRI.
abstract: Neonatal maple syrup urine disease (MSUD) is associated with diffuse oedema and characteristic MSUD oedema. We present a newborn infant with two coexisting different types of oedema. The myelinated white matter showed a marked decrease in the water apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) compatible with cytotoxic oedema. The unmyelinated white matter showed an increase in ADC, consistent with vasogenic-interstitial oedema. On follow-up studies, the cytotoxic oedema showed improvement, but the vasogenic-interstitial oedema progressed into brain atrophy.
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D001928:Brain Diseases, Metabolic / Q000175:diagnosis*; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008375:Maple Syrup Urine Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*