Protective effects of an aged garlic extract on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity in the mouse.
Protective effects of an aged garlic extract on the cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin (DOX) was evaluated using the mouse. DOX (1.5 mg/kg body wt i.p.) was administered three times per week for 40 days. An aged garlic extract, WG-1 (a preserved stock solution; Wakunaga Pharmaceutical) was administered intraperitoneally six times weekly. DOX caused changes in the electrocardiogram. In the control mice, the width of the QRS complex was 20 +/- 2.8 milliseconds, the R-R interval was 130 +/- 2.8 milliseconds, and the P-Q interval was 30 +/- 1.4 milliseconds. In mice treated with DOX for 40 days, the width of the QRS complex was 50 +/- 10 milliseconds (p < 0.05), the R-R interval was 240 +/- 30 milliseconds (p < 0.05), and the P-Q interval was 45 +/- 1.0 milliseconds (p < 0.01). These values were significantly smaller in mice treated with WG-1 + DOX than in mice treated with DOX. The width of the QRS complex was 29.3 +/- 5.8 milliseconds (p < 0.05), the R-R interval was 145.8 +/- 17.9 milliseconds (p < 0.01), and the P-Q interval was 37.8 +/- 3.5 milliseconds (p < 0.05). The lipid peroxidation in the heart homogenates prepared from DOX-treated mice, as measured by thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS, nmol malondialdehyde/100 mg protein) was 332.5 +/- 67.0, which was significantly larger than that in the control mice (186.6 +/- 42.2) (p < 0.05). WG-1 decreased the level of TBARS in DOX-treated mice significantly. In the mice treated with WG-1 + DOX, TBARS was 221.3 +/- 31.6, which was significantly smaller than that of DOX-treated mice (p < 0.05). Histological study demonstrated that the heart treated with DOX had vacuolization in muscle cells, disrupted myofibrils, and swollen mitochondria. Mice that received WG-1 + DOX had no significant pathological lesions in the heart.
D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000633:toxicity*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000633:toxicity*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D005737:Garlic; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal / Q000662:veterinary; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D016019:Survival Analysis; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis
D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D004317:Doxorubicin