title: [The role of PPARgamma in the onset of type 2 diabetes].
abstract: We have investigated the role of PPARgamma and its related genes on the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Heterozygous PPARgamma-deficient mice were protected from the development of insulin resistance due to adipocyte hypertrophy under a high-fat diet, whose phenotypes were abrogated by PPARgamma agonist treatment. Moreover, a Pro12Ala polymorphism in the human PPARgamma 2 gene, which has been reported to cause a reduction in the PPARgamma activity, was associated with decreased risk of type 2 diabetes in Japanese. The protective effect of this polymorphism against type 2 diabetes has been confirmed by meta-analysis using reports in various ethnic groups. Taken together with these results, PPARgamma is a thrifty gene mediating type 2 diabetes both in mice and humans. Indeed, pharmacological inhibitors of PPARgamma/RXR ameliorates high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance in animal models of type 2 diabetes.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors