title: Open mini-access ureterolithotomy: the treatment of choice for the refractory ureteric stone?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the experience in one centre of the efficacy and safety of open mini-access ureterolithotomy (MAU) and to discuss relevant current indications.
  
  
  METHODS
  MAU was undertaken in 112 patients (mean age 38 years, range 26-57) between 1991 and 2001; the details and outcomes are reviewed. The mean (range) stone size was 12 (8-22) mm, with 30 stones in the upper, 69 in the mid- and 13 in the lower ureter. In 15 cases the stones were impacted and there were signs of infection in the proximal ureter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MAU was successful in 111 patients; the one failure was caused by proximal stone migration early in the series. The mean (range) operative duration was 28 (10-44) min and the hospital stay 42 (24-72) h; 33 patients were in hospital for 24 h, 72 for 48 h and seven for 72 h. The blood loss was minimal, at 50 (30-150) mL. The drain was removed after 5 (5-7) days. Patients reported using opioid or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory analgesia for a mean of 4 (1-7) days after surgery. The mean time to resumption of work was 16 (8-35) days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MAU is a safe and reliable minimally invasive procedure; its role is mainly confined to salvage for failed first-line stone treatments but in selected cases, where a poor outcome can be predicted from other methods, it is an excellent first-line treatment.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000601:surgery*; D018666:Ureteroscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal