title: P2Y(2) receptor agonist INS37217 enhances functional recovery after detachment caused by subretinal injection in normal and rds mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of INS37217 on the recovery of retinal function after experimental retinal detachment induced by subretinal injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subretinal injections of 1 micro L of fluorescent microbeads, saline, or INS37217 (1-200 micro M) were made by the transvitreal method in normal (C57BL/6) mice and in mice heterozygous for the retinal degeneration slow (rds) gene. Control, mock-injected animals underwent corneal puncture without injection. Histologic and ERG evaluations were made at 0 to 1 and 8 hours, and 1, 3, 7, 10, 14, and 60 days post injection (PI). DNA fragmentation was evaluated by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated uridine 5'-triphosphate-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A single subretinal injection of saline solution containing fluorescent beads caused a histologically evident retinal detachment and distributed the microbeads to almost all the subretinal space. Spontaneous reattachment occurred within 24 hours after injection and was accompanied by evident retinal folding that appeared largely resolved by 6 days later. Relative to controls, injection of saline resulted in approximately 40% recovery of dark-adapted a-wave amplitude at 24 hours PI and gradually improved to approximately 90% of controls at 2 months PI. Subretinal injection of saline containing INS37217 (10 micro M) significantly increased rod and cone ERG of normal and rds(+/-) mice at 1 and 10 days PI, when compared with injection of saline alone. Additionally, INS37217 reduced the number of TUNEL-positive photoreceptors and the enhanced rate of reattachment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enhancement of ERG recovery by INS37217 is likely due to reduced retinal folding and cell death associated with detachment. These results support the use of INS37217 to help restore function after therapies that involve subretinal administration of drugs in animal models of retinal diseases.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D003623:Dark Adaptation; D003845:Deoxycytosine Nucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004596:Electroretinography; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007267:Injections; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008863:Microspheres; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000502:physiology*; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D058473:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012174:Retinitis Pigmentosa / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014529:Uridine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D003845:Deoxycytosine Nucleotides; C546386:P2ry2 protein, mouse; D058910:Purinergic P2 Receptor Agonists; D058473:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2; C465279:denufosol tetrasodium; D014529:Uridine