title: Effect of fluid dispersion on cybernetic control of microbial growth on substitutable substrates.
abstract: Many fermentation media contain two or more substrates, which a microorganism utilizes for similar purposes. Depending on the conditions prior to and during a fermentation, the substrates may be utilized in succession or simultaneously. Since it is difficult to portray this behavior through mechanistic models, a cybernetic method was proposed earlier. Here the microorganism chooses the mode of substrate utilization that maximizes its own survival, usually expressed by the growth rate. In a fully dispersed bioreactor, simultaneous utilization generates higher growth rates but leads to low biomass concentrations since this utilization pattern is preferred at low concentrations of the substrates. In this study it has been shown that by allowing less than complete dispersion in the broth it is possible to shift from sequential to simultaneous utilization at high concentrations, thereby enabling both high growth rates and large biomass concentrations. This strategy thus allows the natural incomplete dispersion in large bioreactors to be gainfully exploited.