Clinical and radiographic evaluation of soft and hard tissue changes around implants: a pilot study.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical and radiographic changes in the peri-implant tissues around one-stage implants with different smooth neck portion lengths before and after functional prosthetic loading.


METHODS
Twelve one-stage implants were placed in adult patients with bilateral edentulous posterior mandibular ridges. The sites were randomly assigned into two groups of six each: group 1: 2.8 mm neck implants and group 2: neck implants. The parameters plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), gingival margin level (GML), relative clinical attachment level (r-CAL), and optical density (OD) were measured at loading (4 months) and 12 months after implant placement. The radiographic parameter osseous level (OL) was measured at implant placement, loading, and at 12 months. Analysis of variance and the paired Student t test were used to detect difference over time and between groups.


RESULTS
The results showed significant differences (P<0.05) for both groups for PD, r-CAL, and OL for intragroup comparisons over time. However, no significant differences were found for PI, GI, PD, GML, OD, and OL for between-group comparisons.


CONCLUSIONS
Bony loss occurred before loading, supporting the soft tissues and maintaining the biologic width irrespective of the smooth portion length.
D000328:Adult; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D001641:Bicuspid; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible; D008875:Middle Aged; D008963:Molar; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011861:Radiography, Dental; D013382:Subtraction Technique
D015921:Dental Implants