[The diagnostic value of short-term video-EEG monitoring childhood epilepsy].
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the value of short-term video-EEG monitoring in a pediatric population with distinct clinical complaints in order to verify the benefits and limitations of this procedure.


METHODS
A prospective protocol, developed in the University of São Paulo, analyzed 38 consecutive patients (age ranging from 4 months to 17 years; mean 6.9 years). All patients were referred in order to establish the diagnosis. The patients were divided in the following groups according to the main clinical complaint: doubts about seizure/syndromic classification (Group I, n = 22); differential diagnosis with non-epileptic events (Group II, n = 8) and differential diagnosis between cognitive decline and status epilepticus (Group III, n = 8).


RESULTS
Clinical episodes were observed in 36 patients (94.7%). In group I, seizures were reclassified in 11/22 (50%) patients and confirmed in eight (36.4%). One patient presented a sleep disorder and two did not present clinical events during monitoring. Syndromic classification was modified in nine (40.9%). In group II, four patients (50%) presented epileptic seizures; two had movement disorders and two, non-epileptic events. The cognitive deterioration was correlated with non-convulsive status epilepticus in five children (62.5%) of group III. Alterations of therapeutic and/or diagnostic approaches, as a consequence of monitoring, were performed in 21/38 (55.3%) patients.


CONCLUSIONS
In our series, short-term video-EEG monitoring established a reliable diagnosis in most patients due to correlation between clinical and EEG data. This procedure was well tolerated by children, including infants and those with psychiatric disorders.
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014741:Video Recording