Live and let die: regulatory mechanisms in Fas-mediated apoptosis.
Activation of Fas receptor by Fas ligand causes caspase 8 activation and apoptosis in cells and is an important mechanism by which normal tissue homeostasis and function are maintained. Activation of caspase 8 is preceded by the formation of a death-inducing signalling complex (DISC), and a number of redundant mechanisms regulate DISC formation in vivo. Fas receptor is widely expressed in tissues, and dysfunction of the regulatory mechanisms in Fas receptor signalling has been reported in several diseases including autoimmune disease and cancer. This review aims to identify and discuss the various mechanisms employed by cells to alter their sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis by regulating DISC formation. We also discuss a number of defects identified with Fas receptor signalling and the associated pathologies.
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053181:Caspase 8; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D053323:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 6b; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; C106985:DAXX protein, human; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053323:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 6b; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein; C505911:TNFRSF6B protein, human; D019014:fas Receptor; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C084083:Fad7 protein, Arabidopsis; C109102:HIPK3 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; D053181:Caspase 8; D020169:Caspases; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7