title: Comparison of different methods used for oestrus examination in the bitch.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the reliability of oestrus symptoms of the bitch (vulvar swelling, vaginal fluid, attraction of the male, teasing) and that of the most frequently used examination methods (vaginal smear, vaginoscopy, serum progesterone determination) which indicate the stage of the cycle and allow to predict the optimal day of mating (ODM). The determination of the cycle stage was based upon the number of days left from the day of examination to the day of parturition (DTP). Our results indicate that none of the above-mentioned symptoms and examination methods is reliable alone for the determination of DTP, and even the complex picture obtained from the integrated results of different methods will not enable an exact estimation. ODM can be predicted with a higher reliability, and 1-2 days before it, it can be detected very safely. Since most bitches are presented for timing to practitioners, a scheme was created based upon a scoring system, which gives a point value to each individual symptom and examination result, and judges the bitch according to the total amount of points.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001947:Breeding; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D004971:Estrus / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010061:Ovulation Detection / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000662:veterinary; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal; D014621:Vagina / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone