title: Occult gallbladder carcinoma diagnosed by a laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has become a common treatment modality. The incidence of occult gallbladder carcinoma (GC) diagnosed by LC has increased; however, the effects of a radical second operation after LC have not yet been demonstrated. In this study we examine the outcome of such further surgical intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  We clinicopathologically studied occult GC diagnosed by LC. We analyzed the results to establish a therapeutic protocol for repeated surgical intervention, and to determine whether the incidence of occult GC has increased.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GC, which invaded the mucosa and exhibited a noninvading biliary wedge (m+/bm-), did not recur during the follow-up. GC, which invaded the subserosa (ss)+/bm- and thus required a second operation, did not recur, and the patients had a satisfactory prognosis, both short-term and long-term. One of the patients with ss+/bm+ developed peritoneal dissemination after secondary surgical intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After evaluating the clinical outcome of a second operation for the treatment of GC, we concluded that, even for advanced stage patients, repeated surgical intervention may improve the prognosis of GC and thus should be considered, when encountering such patients.
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness