Colworth memorial lecture. Pathways for remodelling chromatin.
The alteration of chromatin structure plays an integral role in gene regulation. One means by which eukaryotes manipulate chromatin structure involves the use of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling enzymes. It appears likely that these enzymes play a widespread role in the regulation of many nuclear processes. Recently, significant progress has been made in defining the alterations to chromatin structure that these enzymes generate. The ability to alter nucleosome positioning may be a common feature of all ATP-dependent remodelling enzymes, but the spectrum of positions to which nucleosomes are relocated varies. Mounting evidence supports the ability of remodelling enzymes to translocate along DNA. This provides a means by which they could alter both the twist and writhe of DNA on the surface of nucleosomes, and so accelerate nucleosome repositioning.
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002843:Chromatin / Q000737:chemistry*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D004265:DNA Helicases; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004330:Drosophila; D006657:Histones / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D002843:Chromatin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006657:Histones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D009707:Nucleosomes; C499336:SMARCA1 protein, human; C084011:SMARCA2 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D004247:DNA; C084108:SMARCA4 protein, human; D004265:DNA Helicases