title: Optimization of ECG gating in quantitative femoral angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine which phase of the heart cycle would yield the highest reproducibility in measuring atherosclerosis-related variables such as arterial lumen volume and edge roughness.
  
  
  METHODS
  35 patients with hypercholesterolemia underwent select- ive femoral angiography, repeated four times at 10-min intervals. The angiographies were performed with ECG-gated exposures. In angiographies 1 and 2 the delay from R-wave maximum to each exposure was 0.1 s, in angiographies 3 and 4 the delay was 0.1, 0.3, 0.5 or 0.7 s or the exposures were performed 1/s without ECG gating. Arterial lumen volume and edge roughness were measured in a 20-cm segment of the superficial femoral artery using a computer-based densitometric method. Measurement reproducibility was determined by comparing angiographies 1-2 and angiographies 3-4.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When measuring arterial lumen volume and edge roughness of a 20-cm segment of the femoral artery, reproducibility was not dependent on ECG gating. In measuring single arterial diameters and cross-sectional areas, the reproducibility was better when exposures were made 0.1 s after the R-wave maximum than when using other settings of the ECG gating device or without ECG gating.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The influence of pulsatile flow upon quantitative measurement in femoral angiograms seems to be the smallest possible in early systole, as can be demonstrated when measuring single diameters and cross-sectional areas. In variables based on integration over longer segments, measurement reproducibility seems to be independent of phase.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results