title: Solubility of root-canal sealers in water and artificial saliva.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the weight loss of eight different root-canal sealers in water and in artificial saliva with different pH values.
  
  
  METHODS
  For standardized samples (n = 12 per group), ring moulds were filled with epoxy resin (AH 26, AH Plus)-, silicone (RSA RoekoSeal)-, calcium hydroxide (Apexit, Sealapex)-, zinc oxide-eugenol (Aptal-Harz)-, glass-ionomer (Ketac Endo)- and polyketone (Diaket)-based sealers. These samples were immersed in double-distilled water or artificial saliva with different pH values (7.0, 5.7 and 4.5) for 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, 5 min, 10 min, 20 min, 1 h, 2 h, 10 h, 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 14 days and 28 days. Mean loss of weight was determined and analysed statistically using a one-way anova and Student-Newman-Keuls test for all pairwise comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most sealers were of low solubility, although Sealapex, Aptal-Harz and Ketac Endo showed a marked weight loss in all liquids. Even after 28 days of storage in water, AH 26, AH Plus, RSA RoekoSeal, and Diaket showed less than 3% weight loss. At exposure times greater than 14 days, Sealapex showed the significantly greatest weight loss of all sealers tested (P < 0.05). Aptal-Harz and Ketac Endo were significantly more soluble in saliva (pH 4.5) than in water (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under the conditions of the present study, AH Plus showed the least weight loss of all sealers tested, independent of the solubility medium used. Sealapex, Aptal-Harz and Ketac Endo had a marked weight loss in all liquids.
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001729:Bismuth / Q000737:chemistry; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000737:chemistry; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D012459:Salicylates / Q000737:chemistry; D012464:Saliva, Artificial / Q000737:chemistry*; D012834:Silver / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: C074418:Apexit; C091832:Aptal-Harz; D003738:Dental Cements; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; C074934:Ketac Endo; D011145:Polyvinyls; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012459:Salicylates; D012464:Saliva, Artificial; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C534916:epoxy resin-based root canal sealer; C465381:roeko seal; D014867:Water; C055601:Sealapex; D012834:Silver; C028044:epoxy resin AH-26; C014457:bismuth phosphate, copolymers of vinyl acetate, dichlorophen, propionyl-acetophenone, triethanolamine, vinyl chloride, vinylisobutyl ether, zinc oxide drug combination; D014025:Titanium; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D001729:Bismuth