title: Estrogen release from metallic stent surface for the prevention of restenosis.
abstract: For the prevention of coronary restenosis, estrogen was coupled onto a metallic stent and in vitro release of estrogen was investigated. Estrogen was introduced to the metal surface using a hydrolysable covalent bond for local sustained delivery of drug as follows: (i) the stainless steel (SS) surface was activated with silane by plasma polymerization, (ii) the activated surface (SS-Si surface) was treated with acrylic acid by plasma polymerization (SS-Si-AAc surface), and (iii) 17beta-estradiol (E2) was covalently linked to the carboxyl group on that surface (SS-Si-AAc-E2 surface). The modified surfaces were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and water contact angle measurement. The amount of E2 was measured by UV-visible spectrophotometry and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The in vitro release profile of E2 demonstrated sustained release of E2 in aqueous buffer. In summary, a novel method of immobilizing estrogen onto a metallic stent surface using plasma polymerization has been developed. The obtained results attest to the usefulness of the estrogen-releasing stent for preventing restenosis.
mesh_terms: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004967:Estrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects; D013499:Surface Properties / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004967:Estrogens; D013193:Stainless Steel