title: Frozen sperm as an alternative to shipping live mice.
abstract: Dissemination of live mice by air and/or ground shipping is costly and can result in spread of disease between senders' and recipients' colonies. Transporting cryopreserved sperm that can be recovered and used for deriving live mice by using assisted reproductive techniques may be a more economical, efficient, and safer alternative to shipping live animals. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that sperm cryopreserved at one location and then transported transcontinentally via a common package delivery service using both air and ground transport to a second location could be recovered for in vitro fertilization (IVF) to successfully derive liveborn offspring at the second location. Split aliquots of sperm from individual mice were tested at both senders' and recipients' locations by using similar cryopreservation and IVF procedures, in order to control for differences in handling procedures. At both senders' locations, fertilization rates using cryopreserved sperm were lower than those using fresh sperm. However, fertilization rates using sperm recovered after cryopreservation at the senders' locations were not significantly different than those obtained when the same cryopreserved sperm was recovered and used at the recipients' locations. At the one location where tested, the numbers of pups born and subsequently weaned after IVF using either shipped or nonshipped cryopreserved sperm were similar. We conclude that cryopreserved sperm can be transported between different facilities and used for IVF to successfully derive liveborn mice.
mesh_terms: D023401:Animal Use Alternatives / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012662:Semen Preservation; D013094:Spermatozoa; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*; D014186:Transportation