title: Functional posterior rhizotomy for severely disabled children with mixed type cerebral palsy.
abstract: The authors evaluated the impact of functional posterior rhizotomy (FPR) for children with severely disabled mixed type cerebral palsy (CP). Three quadriplegic children at the age of 3, 4, and 10 years underwent FPR. They were classified as mixed type CP based on the clinical presentation of marked spasticity with dystonic posture. Preoperative Ashworth score of the lower extremity was 3.5, 4.5, 4.8 respectively. Two children showed prominent opisthotonus and all showed severe subluxation of the hip joint. Advanced scoliosis was associated in two children. FPR was performed from L2 to S1 in one child, L2 to S2 in one and L2 to S1/S2 in one based on the result of pudendal mapping. Rootlet cutting rate ranged from 66 to 75%. Postoperatively, Ashworth score dropped to 1.4, 1.2, 1.3, respectively. Functional improvement of the upper extremity and urination were confirmed in two children. Hip subluxation was reduced in one child and remained stable in two. A one-year follow-up review confirmed no relapse of spasticity among them. FPR achieved highly satisfactory surgical effects in children with severe mixed type CP. Although long-term follow-up is mandatory since there was a report of relapsed spasticity after FPR in this particular population of CP, FPR could be a choice of surgery in severely disabled children with mixed type CP.
mesh_terms: D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004421:Dystonia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D019051:Rhizotomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome