Comparison of the inhibition of human metapneumovirus and respiratory syncytial virus by ribavirin and immune serum globulin in vitro.
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a newly recognized pathogen that like its better-known relative, human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV), appears to be ubiquitous and an important cause of respiratory disease in diverse subpopulations. No antivirals or vaccines are currently approved for the treatment or prevention of hMPV infections. However, ribavirin is licensed to treat serious hRSV-induced infections in children and immune globulin designed for intravenous administration (i.v.IG) and palivizumab (Synagis), a humanized monoclonal antibody preparation, have been utilized as alternatives to vaccines for preventing or reducing the severity of infections caused by this virus. Because both ribavirin and i.v.IG have broad viral specificities, studies were performed to compare the ability of these two agents to inhibit the replication of hRSV and hMPV in tissue culture-based assays. Two experimental chemotherapeutic agents (i.e. VP14637 and JNJ2408068) and different antibody preparations were included in this testing for comparison. Ribavirin and the i.v.IG utilized were found to have equivalent antiviral activity against hMPV and hRSV. In contrast, except for antisera specifically raised against hMPV, all of the other materials tested had marked activity only against hRSV.
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D051381:Rats; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000276:immunology*; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016205:Sigmodontinae; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D012254:Ribavirin