Catecholamine responses to environmental stressors in trained and untrained men after 3-day bed rest.
BACKGROUND
The effect of decreased physical activity with reduced gravitational stress on activity, sensitivity, and reactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is not fully recognized. We hypothesized that the effect is most pronounced in physically active subjects. Thus, basal plasma norepinephrine [NE] and epinephrine [E], and catecholamine responses to physiological stimuli were determined after 3 d of horizontal bed rest (BR) in subjects differing in level and kind of habitual activity.


METHODS
Before and after BR, 11 untrained students, 8 endurance athletes, and 10 power/strength athletes were submitted to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and orthostatic stand test (OST). Another 32 men (12 untrained, 10 endurance athletes, and 10 power/strength athletes) underwent cold pressor test (CPT) and graded exercise test (GET) performed until volitional exhaustion.


RESULTS
After BR, basal [NE] was decreased only in athletes (p < 0.01). Increases in both catecholamines during OGTT were diminished (p < 0.05), particularly in endurance athletes. Plasma [NE] response to standing was not affected by BR in individual groups, but it was diminished in the whole group (p < 0.05). Bed rest did not affect the increases in catecholamines induced by CPT and GET. Heart rate response to OST, and BP responses to OST, CPT, and glucose ingestion were enhanced.


CONCLUSIONS
Basal sympathetic activity is diminished after 3 d of BR in physically active men. Although catecholamine responses to glucose load and standing were reduced, the general reactivity and sensitivity of SNS were not attenuated since catecholamine responses to the most (exercise) and least (CPT) powerful stimuli were unchanged.
D000328:Adult; D001510:Bed Rest; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D010806:Physical Education and Training; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology
D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine