title: Death receptor activation complexes: it takes two to activate TNF receptor 1.
abstract: The extrinsic pathway of apoptosis originates at the membrane and engages membrane death receptors. Tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNF-R1) is a death receptor that transduces both the death and survival signals but the molecular mechanisms via which TNF-R1 mediates these signals remain poorly understood. Recently, it has been reported that the TNF-R1 transduces these signals via two signaling complexes. The first complex (complex I) is formed at the membrane by TNF-R1, TRADD, RIP, TRAF2 and c-IAP1, while the second complex (complex II), formed in the cytosol, predominantly contains FADD and pro-caspases 8/10 but lacks TNF-R1. Complex I is responsible for activating NF-kappaB and thus, the transduction of survival signals. Complex II, on the other hand, is reported to transduce the apoptotic signals and it does so only if NF-kappaB is unable to promote upregulation of the anti-apoptotic FLIPL. These findings highlighting the complexities of TNF-R1-mediated signaling events are likely to further the progress in the constantly evolving area of death receptor-dependent signaling pathways.
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D047990:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 1
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011506:Proteins; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047990:TNF Receptor-Associated Factor 1