title: No evidence for association and linkage disequilibrium between dyslexia and markers of four dopamine-related genes.
abstract: Dopamine genes are candidate genes for dyslexia in the light of the well-known comorbidity between dyslexia and ADHD. Within-family association and linkage disequilibrium were tested between four genetic markers at DRD4, DRD3, DRD2, and DAT loci, and dyslexia, in a sample of 130 Italian dyslexic children, 16.9% of whom had comorbid ADHD. No evidence of either association or linkage disequilibrium was found, neither in the total sample nor in the comorbid subgroup. Negative results do not support a common genetic basis between these two disorders for these markers.
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D004410:Dyslexia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine