title: Heterozygous disruption of the alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase gene in cattle.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Animal cloning techniques have enabled gene disruption in several species. Here, we report the first successful disruption of the alpha1,3-galactosyltransferase (alpha1,3-GT) gene in cattle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The alpha1,3-GT gene of the Japanese Black cow (JBC) was used to construct pGT-6, a targeting vector for the bovine alpha1,3-GT gene, and pGT-6 was introduced into the fetal fibroblast cell line JBC906 by the lipofection method. Four polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-positive colonies were obtained from 797 G418-resistant colonies, and Southern blot analysis revealed successful homologous recombination at the alpha1,3-GT locus in one of the four colonies. Nuclear transfer was performed, and the four embryos were transferred to a heifer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  To establish fetal fibroblasts that were heterozygously disrupted at the alpha1,3-GT locus, one of the fetuses was recovered at 5 weeks of pregnancy, and PCR and Southern blot analysis of the fetal fibroblasts established from it showed definite homologous recombination of the alpha1,3-GT gene.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Heterozygous knockout of the alpha1,3-GT gene was performed in JBC, and production of a homozygous alpha1,3-GT knockout JBC by a second round of targeting 906htGT is currently in progress. The technique described here can be applied to disruption of other genes in cattle.
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000201:enzymology; D005700:Galactosyltransferases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006579:Heterozygote; D007564:Japan; D009154:Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D005700:Galactosyltransferases; C047006:N-acetyllactosaminide alpha-1,3-galactosyltransferase