title: Fatty acid composition of serum phospholipid of premenopausal women and postmenopausal women receiving and not receiving hormone replacement therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the fatty acid composition of serum phospholipid of premenopausal women with that of postmenopausal women receiving and not receiving hormone replacement therapy (HRT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Women between the ages of 43 and 70 were recruited for two separate case-comparison studies. Participants were grouped as either premenopausal, postmenopausal receiving HRT, or postmenopausal not receiving HRT. All participants were required to complete a 3-day dietary record before providing a 12-h fasting blood sample. Fatty acid composition of phospholipids and lipid concentrations was determined from serum samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The postmenopausal women receiving HRT had significantly higher concentrations of palmitic acid (16:0), palmitoleic acid (16:1), and di-homo-gamma-linolenic (20:3n-6) and significantly lower levels of docosapentaenoic acid (22:5n-3) than the other groups in both studies. In addition, the postmenopausal women receiving HRT had lower levels of behenic (22:0), lignoceric (24:0), and nervonic acid (24:1) in comparison with the postmenopausal women not receiving HRT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicate that the fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids in women is influenced by menopausal status and hormone use. These results are of interest because high levels of 20:3n-6 and low levels of docosapentaenoic acid have been associated with increased myocardial infarction plus stroke mortality from cardiovascular disease.
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000494:pharmacology; D015930:Diet Records; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000494:pharmacology; D004970:Estrone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood*; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D011374:Progesterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D004967:Estrogens; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D005227:Fatty Acids; D010743:Phospholipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D004970:Estrone; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate; C017296:estrone sulfate