Detectable dioxins in human saliva and their effects on gingival epithelial cells.
Dioxin, a powerful hormone-disrupting chemical, exhibits serious health effects when it reaches body fat. Here we analyzed coplanar polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polychlorinated-dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) in human saliva as compared with blood specimens, and examined their effects on human gingival epithelial cells (HGEC). High levels of tri- and tetrachlorinated PCBs were found in saliva, whereas we detected predominantly hexa- and heptachlorinated PCBs in blood. Among PCDDs, the saliva and blood specimens contained mainly 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD). Among the toxic dioxins proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 1998, 2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 118) and OCDD, which were mainly found in saliva, significantly induced IL-8 production in HGEC. Furthermore, these two dioxins markedly augmented IL-8 production stimulated with fimbriae from Porphyromonas gingivalis, which is well-known as a pathogenic factor in periodontal diseases. These results suggest that dioxins in saliva may be a risk factor for periodontal diseases.
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D010861:Fimbriae, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000378:metabolism; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*
D004147:Dioxins; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D016209:Interleukin-8; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; C070055:2,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls; C018117:octachlorodibenzo-4-dioxin