title: Air pollution and children's health in São Paulo (1986-1998).
abstract: Air pollution in the conurbation of São Paulo, Brazil, with 17 million inhabitants, has been measured from air quality monitoring stations. In three contrasted sample areas, children's respiratory health parameters were collected to assess the role of air pollution in 1986. Twelve years later, in 1998, a similar study was undertaken to evaluate the impact of pollution control programs on the respiratory symptoms of children living in the same neighborhoods previously studied. Results indicated that pollution control programs were in part neutralized by increased number of cars and that the control of a single pollutant was not enough to protect children's health. In the area where both particulate matter and sulfur dioxide levels decreased, there was a reduction in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms.
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards / Q000633:toxicity*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000517:prevention & control; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010031:Otitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D010316:Particle Size; D015995:Prevalence; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide