title: Gorham disease of the cervical spine-a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: METHODS
  A case report and literature review of Gorham disease involving the cervical spine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical course and surgical management of Gorham disease of the cervical spine. The pathologic features and various treatment methods are also discussed.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Gorham disease is a rare idiopathic disease that possesses distinctive clinical, pathologic, and radiologic features. It is a variant form of osseous angiomatosis associated with massive osteolysis of bone. Eight cases with cervical involvement have been reviewed in the literature and five cases were fatal.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reported a 49-year-old man with Gorham disease of the cervical spine. Repeated surgical attempts to stabilize the cervical spine were required due to progression of the disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient has achieved a satisfactory functional outcome and remains fully independent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, Gorham disease is a rare entity with an unclear etiology. The long indolent course with the presence of radiographic and pathologic findings usually provides the diagnosis. There is no consensus on treatment, and evaluation of the treatment options is difficult due to the unknown natural history.
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D001860:Bone Plates; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000209:etiology; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D001915:Braces; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005355:Fibrosis; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D010015:Osteolysis, Essential / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000209:etiology; D011859:Radiography; D012086:Reoperation; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000209:etiology; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D013168:Spondylolisthesis / Q000209:etiology; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous