title: Comparison of the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a MF59-adjuvanted influenza vaccine and a non-adjuvanted influenza vaccine in non-elderly adults.
abstract: The adjuvanted influenza vaccine FLUAD is composed of subunit influenza antigens combined with the MF59-adjuvant emulsion. The vaccine was developed primarily for use in elderly populations, but non-elderly individuals might also benefit. To evaluate this hypothesis, 301 healthy adults were assigned randomly to receive two intramuscular injections of either FLUAD (150 subjects) or a non-adjuvanted vaccine, Fluzone (151 subjects), in two trials conducted at a 1-year interval. Injections consisted of 15 micrograms per 0.5 ml dose. Vaccine composition was A/Texas/36/91 (H1N1), A/Johannesburg/33/94 (H3N2), and B/Harbin/7/94 for the first injection and A/Texas/36/91 (H1N1), A/Nanchang/933/95 (H3N2), and B/Harbin/7/94 for the second injection. Immunogenicity was evaluated at 28 and 180 days post-immunization. FLUAD was generally well tolerated in healthy adults when compared with Fluzone. FLUAD was associated with increased pain at the injection site after immunization. A statistically significant increase in the incidence of injection-site warmth, chills, myalgia, and analgesic/antipyretic use occurred in the FLUAD group after the first injection but not after the second injection. In both groups, most of these local and systemic reactions were classified as mild. FLUAD was more immunogenic than Fluzone following both injections. After the first injection, statistically significant differences were found in the percentage of subjects with four-fold rises in hemagglutinin inhibition (HI) titers at 28 days post-immunization for the B antigen. After the second injection, the FLUAD group had significantly higher HI titers, a significantly higher percentage with a four-fold increase in titer, and a significantly greater percentage of subjects with titers >/=160 for the H3N2 antigen at 28 days. Only minor immunogenicity differences between the two groups were seen at 180 days. Compared with Fluzone, FLUAD was associated with increased immunogenicity and mild post-immunization reactions in healthy adults. The magnitude of increased immunogenicity in healthy adults was less than that seen in elderly populations.
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines