Effect of three triterpenoid compounds isolated from root bark of Aralia elata on stimulus-induced superoxide generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation and translocation of p47(phox) and p67(phox) to cell membrane in human neutrophil.
BACKGROUND
Root bark of Aralia elata is used as a folk medicine for neurasthenia, rheumatism, diabetes, hepatitis virus and spasm of the stomach in China, Japan and Russia.


METHODS
The effect of three triterpenoid compounds isolated from root bark of A. elata on stimulus-induced superoxide generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation and translocation of p47(phox) and p67(phox) to cell membrane was investigated. The three compounds examined were Elatoside A, Elatoside C, and Tarasaponin V.


RESULTS
When the cells were preincubated with these compounds, the superoxide generation induced by N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) was suppressed in a low concentration range. However, the superoxide generation was significantly enhanced by 40 micromol/l triterpenoid, and was again suppressed in the higher concentration range. In the case of superoxide generation induced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA), the compounds had no obvious effect on the superoxide generation in low concentration but suppressed that at 40 micromol/l. These compounds also efficiently suppressed the superoxide generation induced by arachidonic acid (AA) at 10 micromol/l. In parallel to the effect on the fMLP-induced superoxide generation, these compounds suppressed fMLP-induced tyrosyl phosphorylation and the translocation to membrane of cytosolic compounds, p47(phox) and p67(phox) at 10 and 80 micromol/l but not at 40 micromol/l.


CONCLUSIONS
Triterpenoid saponins examined in this study effect stimulus-induced superoxide generation and tyrosyl phosphorylation and translocation to membrane of p47(phox) and p67(phox) in a concentration-dependent manner, and may have some pharmaceutical applications.
D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D027983:Aralia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000097:blood*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000097:blood
D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; C079789:neutrophil cytosol factor 67K; D013481:Superoxides; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D014443:Tyrosine; C016658:phorbolol myristate acetate; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C060505:neutrophil cytosolic factor 1; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate