Novel polar lipids of halophilic eubacterium Planococcus H8 and archaeon Haloferax volcanii.
As part of a study to identify novel lipids with immune adjuvant activity, a structural comparison was made between the polar lipids from two halophiles, an archaeon Haloferax volcanii and a eubacterium Planococcus H8. H. volcanii polar lipid extracts consisted of 44% archaetidylglycerol methylphosphate, 35% archaetidylglycerol, 4.7% of archaeal cardiolipin, 2.5% archaetidic acid, and 14% sulfated glycolipids 1 and 2. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and Fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB MS) data determined the glycolipids to be 6-HSO(3)-D-Man(p)-alpha1-2-D-Glc(p)-alpha1,1-[sn-2,3-di-O-phytanylglycerol] and a novel glycocardiolipin 6'-HSO(3)-D-Man(p)-alpha1-2-D-Glc(p)-alpha1,1-[sn-2,3-di-O-phytanylglycerol]-6-[phospho-sn-2,3-di-O-phytanylglycerol]. The polar lipids of Planococcus H8 consisted of 49% saturated phosphatidylglycerol and cardiolipin (9:1, w/w), and surprisingly 51% of the photosynthetic membrane lipid sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG). This study documents archaeal cardiolipin and a novel glycocardiolipin in H. volcanii (lacking purple membrane), and is the first report of SQDG in a non-photosynthetic, halophilic bacterium.
D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D002308:Cardiolipins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019621:Haloferax / Q000737:chemistry*; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008081:Liposomes; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D016339:Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment; D013237:Stereoisomerism
D002241:Carbohydrates; D002308:Cardiolipins; D008055:Lipids; D008081:Liposomes; D012965:Sodium Chloride