title: Alphastatin, a 24-amino acid fragment of human fibrinogen, is a potent new inhibitor of activated endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Angiogenesis, the development of new blood vessels from existing vasculature, is crucial for the development and metastasis of solid tumors. Here, we show for the first time that a 24-amino acid peptide derived from the amino terminus of the alpha chain of human fibrinogen (termed "alphastatin") has potent antiangiogenic properties, inhibiting both the migration and tubule formation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells in response to vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in vitro. Moreover, alphastatin markedly inhibits the growth of tumors in a syngeneic murine model. Tumors from mice receiving daily injections of alphastatin for 12 days exhibited large areas of intravascular disruption and thrombosis with substantial cellular necrosis. Importantly, alphastatin administration had no detectable effect on vessels in such normal tissues as liver, lungs, and kidney. Taken together, these data indicate that alphastatin is a potent new antiangiogenic agent in vitro and antivascular agent in vivo.
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D005340:Fibrinogen