title: Cutting edge: CD28 controls peripheral homeostasis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells.
abstract: CD28/B7 blockade leads to exacerbated autoimmune disease in the nonobese diabetic mouse strain as a result of a marked reduction in the number of CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T cells (Tregs). Herein, we demonstrate that CD28 controls both thymic development and peripheral homeostasis of Tregs. CD28 maintains a stable pool of peripheral Tregs by both supporting their survival and promoting their self-renewal. CD28 engagement promotes survival by regulating IL-2 production by conventional T cells and CD25 expression on Tregs.
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000276:immunology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000276:immunology; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000276:immunology*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000502:physiology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D018106:CD28 Antigens; C497965:Cd86 protein, mouse; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2