title: Protective effect of SnCl2 on K2Cr2O7-induced nephrotoxicity in rats: the indispensability of HO-1 preinduction and lack of association with some antioxidant enzymes.
abstract: We have shown that the ameliorative effect of stannous chloride (SnCl2) pretreatment on potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7)-induced renal damage 24 h after K2Cr2O7 injection was associated with the induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). In this work we evaluated: (a) if the protective effect of SnCl2 (given 12 h before K2Cr2O7) is associated with changes in the renal activity of HO-1, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), and catalase (CAT) 24 and 48 h after K2Cr2O7 injection, and (b) if HO-1 induction is indispensable before K2Cr2O7 injection. It was found that the protective effect of SnCl2 on renal function was observed both at 24 and 48 h reaching its maximum at 24 h when HO-1 expression was higher. Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, and GR activities remained unchanged whereas GPx and CAT activities decreased at 48 h in K2Cr2O7-treated rats. The activity of Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, GPx, CAT, and GR was unchanged in the SnCl2-treated rats. To fulfill the objective (b) groups of rats treated with K2Cr2O7 and SnCl2 (given at the same time or 12 h after K2Cr2O7) were studied 24 h after K2Cr2O7-injection. The simultaneous injections of SnCl2 and K2Cr2O7 had no protective effect whereas the injection of SnCl2 12 h after K2Cr2O7 exacerbated renal damage. In conclusion, the protective effect of SnCl2 on K2Cr2O7-induced nephrotoxicity is associated with HO-1 induction and not with other antioxidant enzymes (Cu,Zn-SOD, Mn-SOD, GPx, GR, and CAT) and SnCl2 has a preventive and not a therapeutic effect on renal damage induced by K2Cr2O7.
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000201:enzymology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011192:Potassium Dichromate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017971:Tin Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017971:Tin Compounds; C023599:stannous chloride; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D011192:Potassium Dichromate