title: Gender bias in lipid assessment and treatment following percutaneous coronary intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify a possible gender bias in lipid assessment and treatment of patients following percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Following PCI, patients were identified from a cardiology practice database, with retrospective follow-up achieved through medical record review in a private cardiology practice and in primary care physician practices. Patients were assessed for lipid measurement of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides, and for changes in these measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 356 patients were identified for analysis: 221 men (62%) and 135 women (38%). Mean post-PCI follow-up was 2.2 +/- 1.6 years. Among females, 80% had lipids measured, as compared with 87% of males (P = 0.07). At pre- and post-PCI, all fractions were significantly higher (P < 0.05) in women, except pre-PCI triglycerides, which were significantly lower in women. From pre- to post-PCI, HDL-C and triglycerides improved significantly more in males, while LDL-C improved significantly more in females. Target LDL-C levels (< 100 mg/dL) were achieved in 46.4% of the overall group. There were no significant gender-related differences in the number of patients treated with dyslipidemic medications or in patients achieving an LDL-C of < 100 mg/dL (P = 0.081).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Following PCI, a gender bias did not exist for lipid assessment, number of patients treated with pharmacotherapy, or achievement of target LDL-C (< 100 mg/dL). However, in terms of absolute levels achieved, women were treated less aggressively than men for all lipid fractions.
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D002309:Cardiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006403:Hematologic Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York / Q000453:epidemiology; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000941:ethics / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000941:ethics / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011287:Prejudice; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D016387:Women's Health
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol