Physical violence, intimate partner violence, and emotional abuse among adult American Indian men and women in Montana.
BACKGROUND
Little is known about the experience of American Indian communities relative to physical violence (PV), intimate partner violence (IPV), and emotional abuse.


METHODS
A random sample of adult American Indians living on or near the seven Montana reservations were interviewed through an adapted Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System telephone survey in 2001 (N = 1,006). Victimization from physical violence was defined as PV or sexual assault committed by any person. Respondents who reported experiencing PV and who reported that the perpetrator was a current or former spouse, boyfriend, girlfriend, or date were categorized as experiencing IPV. Emotional abuse was defined as fear for one's safety or being controlled by another individual.


RESULTS
Nine, one, and twelve percent of men reported experiencing PV, IPV, and emotional abuse in the past year, respectively. Five percent of women reported PV in the past year, 3% reported IPV, and 18% reported emotional abuse. Men who reported PV in the past year were more likely to be younger and report more days of physical and mental health problems in the past month. Women reporting PV in the past year were more likely to be younger and have more days with mental health problems in the past month. Few men (7%) or women (12%) reported ever being assessed for PV or safety.


CONCLUSIONS
Recent PV, IPV, and emotional abuse are prevalent for both American Indian men and women. Strategies to increase screening for PV and effective interventions for violence are needed.
D000328:Adult; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009009:Montana; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires