title: Electrophysiology and ocular blood flow in a family with dominant optic nerve atrophy and a mutation in the OPA1 gene.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the clinical phenotype, with emphasis on electrophysiology and blood flow measurements, of a family with dominant optic nerve atrophy and an identified mutation in the OPA1 gene.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven family members were examined. Ophthalmological evaluation included testing of visual acuity, ophthalmolscopy, kinetic perimetry, color vision testing, full-field electroretinography (ERG), multifocal electroretinography (MERG), and multifocal visual evoked potential (MVEP). Retrobulbar arterial blood flow and retinal capillary perfusion was measured in three patients using scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (SLDF) and color Doppler imaging techniques. PCR-SSCP and DNA sequencing determined the presence of a mutation in exon 18 of the OPA1 gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical characteristics varied considerably in the family. The ERG and the MERG demonstrated normal retinal function, while the MVEP was abnormal in all examined patients. Retinal and optic nerve head capillary perfusion was significantly decreased in the three patients examined with SLDF. Retrobulbar blood flow velocities were significantly decreased in the central retinal and ophthalmic arteries. In all seven examined subjects, a microdeletion (1756-1767del(12 bp)) in the OPA1 gene was identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with a mutation in the OPA1 gene have a very variable phenotype. MVEP and blood flow measurements are two new objective methods for an easier detection of this specific genetic optic nerve atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Lund, Lund, Sweden. lotta.granse@telia.com
authors.forename: Lotta
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gränse
authors.forename: Ingar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bergstrand
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thiselton
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ponjavic
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heijl
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Votruba
authors.forename: Sten
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andréasson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002648:Child; D004596:Electroretinography; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual; D005260:Female; D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000502:physiology; D029241:Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000098:blood supply; D010375:Pedigree; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology*; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000502:physiology; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D020558:GTP Phosphohydrolases; C415198:OPA1 protein, human