title: Metabolic evaluation of 94 patients 5 to 16 years after ileocecal pouch (Mainz pouch 1) continent urinary diversion.
abstract: PURPOSE In continent urinary diversion metabolic disturbances may be encountered in long-term followup. We evaluated metabolic consequences in patients with a minimum followup of 5 years after Mainz pouch 1 urinary diversion.
  
  
  METHODS
  At our institution continent urinary diversion using the ileocecal segment was performed between 1983 and 1995 in 458 patients. A total of 94 patients with an ileocecal pouch for a minimum of 5 years were reevaluated for metabolic changes. Median followup was 9.0 years. Routine laboratory parameters, blood gas analysis, vitamin B12, vitamin D25, cross-laps, bone specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin and propeptide of type I collagen were obtained. Bone density was measured in 18 patients. Vitamin B12 changes could be followed longitudinally in 24 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Medians of all parameters were in normal ranges. Clinical examinations revealed no signs of megaloblastic anemia, funicular myelosis or osteoporosis. There was no significant decrease of vitamin B12 in the long run. After followup examination we recommended vitamin B12 supplementation in 32% of patients because levels were in the lower normal range or below. A total of 37% of patients continue to take Na+/K+-citrate for prevention of metabolic acidosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with an ileocecal pouch and a followup of more than 5 years did not present with clinical symptoms caused by metabolic disturbances. Nevertheless, systematic followup of blood gases in particular and alkali supplementation may have prevented bone demineralization. Followup of vitamin B12 is of concern because about a third of these patients need supplementation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medical School, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany. jpfitz@gmx.net
authors.forename: Jesco
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pfitzenmaier
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lotz
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Faldum
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Beringer
authors.forename: Raimund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Joachim W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Thüroff
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000097:blood; D002951:Citrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003094:Collagen / Q000097:blood; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010748:Phosphopeptides / Q000097:blood; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019357:Potassium Citrate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011347:Procollagen; D012016:Reference Values; D000077559:Sodium Citrate; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002951:Citrates; C062121:N-propeptide type I collagen; D010748:Phosphopeptides; D011347:Procollagen; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000077559:Sodium Citrate; D003094:Collagen; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D019357:Potassium Citrate; D002117:Calcitriol; D014805:Vitamin B 12