title: Correlation of prolactin serum concentrations with clinical activity and remission in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Effect of conventional treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role of prolactin (PRL) in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is controversial. The effect of conventional treatment (steroids, antimalarials, immunosuppressor drugs) on PRL concentrations is unclear. We investigated correlation of PRL levels with lupus activity in patients at entry and after 6 months of conventional treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 43 female patients with active SLE, who were divided in 2 groups; Group 1: 16 patients with minor organ involvement (cutaneous and articular involvement), and Group 2: 27 patients with major organ involvement (glomerulonephritis). Controls were 36 healthy individuals. PRL levels were determined by an immunoradiometric assay at entry and after 6 months of treatment. PRL levels were correlated with SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mild hyperprolactinemia (HPRL, 20-40 ng/ml) was found in 30/43 (69.7%) SLE patients. After 6 months of treatment a reduction in PRL levels was found in both groups: Group 1: 24.3 +/- 10.8 to 16.96 +/- 10.87 ng/ml (p < 0.001); and Group 2: 23.6 +/- 5.7 to 12.07 +/- 11.13 ng/ml (p < 0.001). The SLEDAI score also decreased after treatment: Group 1: 16.5 +/- 5.9 to 2.1 +/- 1.3 (p < 0.001); Group 2: 16.8 +/- 5.4 to 1.6 +/- 1.4 (p < 0.001). At entry and after treatment, a significant correlation between PRL levels and SLEDAI score was found in all patients (r = 0.4946, p = 0.0007, and r = 0.9086, p = 0.0001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPRL was associated with SLE disease activity. Conventional immunosuppressive therapy decreased PRL levels in direct correlation with decreased SLE activity. This finding emphasizes that PRL may play a role in the pathogenesis and clinical expression of SLE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Research Unit, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Medico Nacional La Raza, Seris y Zaachila S/N, Colonia La Raza, CP 02990, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vera-Lastra
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mendez
authors.forename: Luis J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Jara
authors.forename: Martín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cisneros
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Raul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ariza
authors.forename: Luis R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Espinoza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*; D012074:Remission Induction; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011388:Prolactin