title: Expression of platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in the epididymis and analysis of the epididymal development in PDGF-A, PDGF-B, and PDGF receptor beta deficient mice.
abstract: The platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) family of ligands and receptors play a pivotal role in the development of various organs. The critical importance of the PDGF-mediated signaling during embryonic development and adult physiology of the kidney and the common mesonephric origin of the epididymis and kidney prompted us to investigate the immunohistochemical localization of PDGF A- and B-chain and PDGF receptor (PDGFR) alpha- and beta-subunit in rat and mouse epididymis, the expression profiles of the corresponding mRNAs, and the consequences of a loss-of-function mutation at the PDGF-A, PDGF-B, and PDGFR-beta loci on mouse epididymis phenotypic appearance. Prenatally, PDGF-A and PDGFR-alpha immunohistochemical staining was seen in both species, whereas PDGF-B and PDGFR-beta were absent. The cellular localization of PDGF-A within the epithelium and the alpha-receptor in the mesenchyme in either mouse or rat before birth suggests that the PDGF-A/PDGFR-alpha system might be involved in the epididymal epithelial-mesenchymal interaction during the fetal period of life. Postnatally, PDGF A- and B-ligand and PDGFR alpha- and beta-subunit were confined in the epithelium. The identity of PDGF and PDGFR proteins were further confirmed by immunoblotting. In line with the immunohistochemical studies, PDGF-A and PDGFR-alpha mRNAs were seen by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in rat and mouse tissue before birth, whereas PDGF-B and PDGFR-beta were almost not detectable. During the first days of life, PDGF-B and PDGFR-beta genes started to appear, and the overall trend in mRNA expression throughout postnatal development showed that the transcripts levels for PDGF-A, PDGF-B, PDGFR-beta, and PDGFR-alpha were constant with the only exception of a progressive decrease of PDGFR-alpha in adult rats. The PDGF-A null mutation strongly influenced the epididymal phenotype starting from puberty; only fetal PDGF-B and PDGFR-beta -/- mice were available, and no differences were seen in the epididymis of these animals, compared with wild-type littermates. Taken together, these data indicate that the PDGF system is highly expressed in the epididymis and suggest that PDGF could be involved in the maintenance of morphological structure and functional control of this organ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Pathophysiology, University of Rome "La Sapienza," Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Basciani
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mariani
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arizzi
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brama
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.forename: Christer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Betsholtz
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bondjers
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ricci
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Catizone
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galdieri
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spera
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gnessi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004822:Epididymis / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D010641:Phenotype; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C075278:platelet-derived growth factor A; D020796:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha; D020797:Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor beta