title: Hopping to the beat. Hop regulation of cardiac gene expression.
abstract: Hop is a recently discovered homeodomain only protein with atypical characteristics. Unlike other homeodomain proteins, Hop lacks DNA binding activity, although it localizes predominantly to the nucleus. During embryogenesis, Hop is expressed in the myocardium of the developing heart and it functions downstream of Nkx2-5, an early cardiac-specific transcription factor. One role of Hop is to modify the expression of cardiac-specific genes and thereby finely regulate heart development. This article reviews the discovery, characteristics, roles, and future perspectives of Hop.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, University of Pennsylvania Health System, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Hyun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kook
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Epstein
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005801:Genes, Homeobox; D006321:Heart / Q000196:embryology*; D006801:Humans; D053612:Janus Kinases; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D026362:Serum Response Factor / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D026362:Serum Response Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D053612:Janus Kinases; C085845:hop protein, Drosophila