title: Dietary cholesterol alters Na+/K+ selectivity at intracellular Na+/K+ pump sites in cardiac myocytes.
abstract: A modest diet-induced increase in serum cholesterol in rabbits increases the sensitivity of the sarcolemmal Na+/K+ pump to intracellular Na+, whereas a large increase in cholesterol levels decreases the sensitivity to Na+. To examine the mechanisms, we isolated cardiac myocytes from controls and from rabbits with diet-induced increases in serum cholesterol. The myocytes were voltage clamped with the use of patch pipettes that contained osmotically balanced solutions with Na+ in a concentration of 10 mM and K+ in concentrations ([K+]pip) ranging from 0 to 140 mM. There was no effect of dietary cholesterol on electrogenic Na+/K+ current (Ip) when pipette solutions were K+ free. A modest increase in serum cholesterol caused a [K+]pip-dependent increase in Ip, whereas a large increase caused a [K+]pip-dependent decrease in Ip. Modeling suggested that pump stimulation with a modest increase in serum cholesterol can be explained by a decrease in the microscopic association constant KK describing the backward reaction E1 + 2K+ --> E2(K+)2, whereas pump inhibition with a large increase in serum cholesterol can be explained by an increase in KK. Because hypercholesterolemia upregulates angiotensin II receptors and because angiotensin II regulates the Na+/K+ pump in cardiac myocytes in a [K+]pip-dependent manner, we blocked angiotensin synthesis or angiotensin II receptors in vivo in cholesterol-fed rabbits. This abolished cholesterol-induced pump inhibition. Because the epsilon-isoform of protein kinase C (epsilonPKC) mediates effects of angiotensin II on the pump, we included specific epsilonPKC-blocking peptide in patch pipette filling solutions. The peptide reversed cholesterol-induced pump inhibition.
authors.affiliation: University of Sydney, Department of Cardiology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Pacific Highway, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW 2065, Australia.
authors.forename: Kerrie A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Buhagiar
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Benjamin Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Clyne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Helge H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Rasmussen
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000809:Angiotensins / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D002216:Captopril / Q000494:pharmacology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011817:Rabbits; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000809:Angiotensins; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D002784:Cholesterol; D002216:Captopril; D012964:Sodium; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D011188:Potassium