title: Rate of gastric emptying influences dietary cholesterol absorption efficiency in selected inbred strains of mice.
abstract: This study compared the physiological process of cholesterol absorption in different strains of inbred mice with the goal of identifying novel mechanism(s) by which cholesterol absorption can be controlled. The rate and amount of cholesterol absorption were evaluated based on [14C]cholesterol appearance in plasma after feeding a meal containing [14C]cholesterol and by the percentage of [14C]-cholesterol absorbed over a 24 h period. Results showed that the rate of [14C]cholesterol appearance in plasma was slower in 129P3/J mice than in SJL/J mice. However, more dietary cholesterol was absorbed over a 24 h period by 129P3/J mice than by SJL/J mice. In both strains of mice, cholesterol delivered with medium-chain triglyceride was absorbed less efficiently than cholesterol delivered with olive oil. The strain- and vehicle-dependent differences in cholesterol absorption efficiency correlated negatively with stomach-emptying rates. Furthermore, inhibition of gastric emptying with nitric oxide synthase inhibitor increased cholesterol absorption efficiency in SJL/J mice. These results document that stomach-emptying rate contributes directly to the rate of dietary cholesterol absorption, which is inversely correlated with the total amount of cholesterol absorbed from a single meal. Additionally, genetic factor(s) that influence gastric emptying may be an important determinant of cholesterol absorption efficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0529, USA.
authors.forename: R Jason
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kirby
authors.forename: Philip N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Howles
authors.forename: David Y
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Hui
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D014280:Triglycerides; D019301:Oleic Acid; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester