title: Unexplained symptoms after terrorism and war: an expert consensus statement.
abstract: Twelve years of concern regarding a possible "Gulf War syndrome" has now given way to societal concerns of a "World Trade Center syndrome" and efforts to prevent unexplained symptoms following the most recent war in Iraq. These events serve to remind us that unexplained symptoms frequently occur after war and are likely after terrorist attacks. An important social priority is to recognize, define, prevent, and care for individuals with unexplained symptoms after war and related events (eg, terrorism, natural or industrial disasters). An international, multidisciplinary, and multiinstitutional consensus project was completed to summarize current knowledge on unexplained symptoms after terrorism and war.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Michigan School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Clauw
authors.forename: Charles C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Engel
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aronowitz
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Howard M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kipen
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kroenke
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ratzan
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharpe
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wessely
mesh_terms: D015984:Causality; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006302:Health Services Research; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D018923:Persian Gulf Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D023481:Terrorism / Q000523:psychology*; D014857:Warfare