title: Discontinuing combination antiretroviral therapy during the first trimester of pregnancy: insights from plasma human immunodeficiency virus-1 RNA viral load and CD4 cell count.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Options for human immunodeficiency virus-1-infected women who are already receiving antiretroviral medications when they become pregnant include the continuation or discontinuation of the therapy during the first trimester. These two strategies are compared in terms of plasma human immunodeficiency virus viral load and CD4 cell count.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy women who attended the II Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology were identified. Four different periods for laboratory evaluations were decided: presuspension, suspension, second trimester, and third trimester.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-two women (46%) discontinued antiretroviral therapy; 38 women (54%) did not. Whereas plasma HIV virus viral load and CD4 cell count did not significantly vary during pregnancy in patients who did not interrupt the therapy, these two variables were influenced significantly by the discontinuation of treatment (P<.001 for both). Human immunodeficiency virus viral load increased during the suspension period and regressed promptly to basal levels as soon as the therapy was reintroduced. A transitory decrease in CD4 cell count was also documented, but the recovery tended to be slower.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The suspension of combination antiretroviral therapy during the first trimester of pregnancy transiently corresponds to an increase in human immunodeficiency virus viral load and a decline of CD4 cell count.
authors.affiliation: II Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinica L. Mangiagalli, University of Milan, Italy. dadosomigliana@yahoo.it
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bucceri
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Somigliana
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Matrone
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Uberti-Foppa
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viganò
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vignali
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral