title: [Too many heart catheter procedures in Germany ?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Absolute numbers of cardiovascular procedures are higher in Germany as compared to other European countries. This fact is used as an argument for overuse. Therefore other indicators of an inappropriate use of these resources should be of interest.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relationship between diagnostic cardiac catheterisations and consequent revascularisation procedures were compared in 8 European countries. In addition the indication criteria for cardiac catheterisations were reviewed in a German registry of 205.581 consecutive inpatients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Revascularisation procedures after diagnostic catheterisations in 8 countries range from 39,1 % to 57,9 %. Germany reaches 43,2 %. A relation between absolute numbers of diagnostic and percent subsequent revascularisation procedures does not exist. In a German registry the following indications for cardiac catheterisation could be identified: Acute Coronary Syndrome 22,9 %. Angina pectoris according to the Canadian Cardiac Society classification was present: CCS II/III in 80,3 %, CCS IV in 17,2 %. An exercise test was performed in 43 %. Final diagnoses were: significant coronary disease 69,5 %, exclusion of disease 9,4 %, lesions < 50 % 9 %, other cardiac disease 12,1 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Absolute numbers cannot be used as an indicator of overuse of cardiovascular procedures. Instead standards for data acquisition should be established on European, national and regional levels. In addition a validation procedure for criteria has to be developed in order to judge the appropriateness of indications for invasive cardiac procedures in different health care systems.
authors.affiliation: Klinikum Nürnberg Süd, Medizinische Klinik 8, Nürnberg, Germany. gottwik@klinikum-nuernberg.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gottwik
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Zeymer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Senges
mesh_terms: D000790:Angiocardiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005060:Europe; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006300:Health Services Misuse; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020380:Needs Assessment; D018579:Patient Selection; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012042:Registries; D014600:Utilization Review