title: Lymph nodes in the irradiated field influence the yield of radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes from breast cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure chromosomal aberrations in blood lymphocytes from breast cancer patients treated with radiotherapy after quadrantectomy or tumorectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two breast cancer patients treated with breast-conserving surgery and radiation were evaluated. Adjuvant chemotherapy was also given to 9 patients. Blood samples were obtained before radiotherapy, after about one-half of the fractions, and at the end of the treatment of the whole breast (50 Gy). Chromosome aberrations in peripheral blood lymphocytes were measured using chemical-induced premature chromosome condensation combined with fluorescence in situ hybridization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Radiation treatment produced a significant increase in the yield of chromosomal aberrations. A large interindividual variability was observed. The variability was not related to field size, previous chemotherapy, or treatment morbidity. Chromosome aberrations in lymphocytes at the end of the treatment were significantly higher in the group of patients with no lymph nodes surgically removed before the treatment than in the group of patients with more than 10 lymph nodes removed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of lymph nodes within the radiation field is an important factor affecting the yield of radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: d'Alesio
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pacelli
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durante
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Canale Cama
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cella
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gialanella
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grossi
authors.forename: Mariagabriella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pugliese
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Punzo
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sardi
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scampoli
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Solla
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvatore
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil; D008727:Methotrexate