title: BRAF and KRAS mutations in stomach cancer.
abstract: Ras proteins control signaling pathways that are key regulators of several aspects of normal cell growth and malignant transformation. BRAF, which encodes a RAF family member in the downstream pathway of RAS, is somatically mutated in a number of human cancers. The activating mutation of BRAF is known to play a role in tumor development. As there have been no data on the BRAF mutation in stomach cancer, we analysed the genomic DNAs from 319 stomach carcinomas for the detection of somatic mutations of BRAF. Overall, we detected BRAF mutations in seven stomach carcinomas (2.2%). Five of the seven BRAF mutations involved Val 599, the previously identified hotspot, but the substituted amino acid (V599 M) was different from the most common BRAF mutation (V599E). The remaining two mutations involved a conserved amino acid (D593G). One tumor had both BRAF and KRAS mutations. This is the first report on BRAF mutation in stomach cancer, and the data indicate that BRAF is occasionally mutated in stomach cancer, and suggest that alterations of RAS pathway both by RAS and BRAF mutations contribute to the pathogenesis of stomach cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-dong, Socho-gu, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Sug Hyung
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Hwa
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Soung
authors.forename: Hong Sug
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won Sang
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Su Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Heun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jik Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yong Gu
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Chang Jae
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Suk Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Sang Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jung Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam Jin
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D014633:Valine / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins
chemical_list: C117307:KRAS protein, human; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins; D014633:Valine