title: Nuclear localization of 5-lipoxygenase as a determinant of leukotriene B4 synthetic capacity.
abstract: The enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) initiates the synthesis of leukotrienes from arachidonic acid. In resting cells, 5-LO can accumulate in either the cytoplasm or the nucleoplasm and, upon cell stimulation, translocates to membranes to initiate leukotriene synthesis. Here, we used mutants of 5-LO with altered subcellular localization to assess the role that nuclear positioning plays in determining leukotriene B4 (LTB4) synthesis. Mutation of either a nuclear localization sequence or a phosphorylation site reduced LTB4 synthesis by 60%, in parallel with reduced nuclear localization of 5-LO. Mutation of both sites together or mutation of all three nuclear localization sequences on 5-LO inhibited LTB4 synthesis by 90% and abolished nuclear localization. Reduced LTB4 generation in mutants could not be attributed to differences in 5-LO amount, enzymatic activity, or membrane association. Instead, 5-LO within the nucleus acts at a different site, the nuclear envelope, than does cytosolic 5-LO, which acts at cytoplasmic and perinuclear membranes. The significance of this difference was suggested by evidence that exogenously derived arachidonic acid colocalized with activated nuclear 5-LO. These results unequivocally demonstrate that the positioning of 5-LO within the nucleus of resting cells is a powerful determinant of the capacity to generate LTB4 upon subsequent activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Sandra M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peters-Golden
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Brock
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000201:enzymology*; D002474:Cell-Free System; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000201:enzymology; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000201:enzymology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase