[Computer simulation of different types of evolutionary process].
The computer model of two alternative variants of biological evolution is proposed. The first variant supposes random while the second--directed change of individual features, thus corresponding to the Darwinian and non-Darwinian evolution. The evolution of fish communities in fresh waters serves as a particular example. The model is executed using object-oriented method of programming and mathematical apparatus of fuzzy logics. The investigation of the model showed that process of Darwinian evolution is connected with significantly greater species diversity and variability of evolutionary process trajectories than non-Darwinian one. On the other hand, non-Darwinian type of evolution provides fast achievement of high individual fitness, especially under conditions of constant environment. Non-Darwinian type evolution failed in big evolutionary alteration (for example, transition to predation); while the Darwinian evolution under the same conditions can produce such alterations though it took more time and many extinct species. Phylogenetic tree of Darwinian evolution is always more complex than of non-Darwinian one under the same conditions.
Menshutkin
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VV
International Ecological Centre of PAS, Dzekanov Lesny, M. Konopchinskaya Str., 1, 05-092, Lomyanki, Poland. mce-pan@mail.unicom.pl
D000818:Animals; D044822:Biodiversity; D005075:Biological Evolution; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005399:Fishes; D008954:Models, Biological