title: [Sacral neuromodulation in patients with nonobstructive, chronic urinary retention: relevance of the carbachol test and influence of associated nerve lession].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Aim of this study was to evaluate whether the carbachol test and the nerve lesions responsible for bladder dysfunction possess predictive value in patients with chronic urinary retention who undergo temporary sacral neuromodulation (PNE test).
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1999 and 2000, PNE tests were performed in 24 patients with chronic urinary retention and acontractile detrusor previously assessed by urodynamics. In 18 patients, a carbachol test was performed during urodynamics. The diagnosis related to the acontractile detrusor was additionally assessed and compared to the successful outcome of the PNE test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PNE test was successful in 8 of the 24 patients (33.3 %). The bladder was completely emptied during the PNE test in 3 of the 10 patients with negative carbachol test and in 3 of the 8 patients with positive carbachol test. The highest success rate (80 %) was observed in patients after hysterectomy, whereas after lumbosacral pulposal prolapse or with a CNS tumor, it was only 20 - 33.3 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that sacral neuromodulation is an effective treatment option in patients with nonobstructive urinary retention. The carbachol test does not possess any definitive predictive value with respect to the success rate of sacral neuromodulation in patients with chronic urinary retention. The success rate more likely depends on the localisation of the nerve lesion. PNE tests should be performed in all patients with therapy resistent nonobstructive urinary retention, as no other predictive factors exist.
authors.affiliation: Urologische Universitätsklinik, Klinikum Mannheim gGmbH, 68135 Mannheim, Germany. stephan.bross@uro.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bross
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Martinez Portillo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Knoll
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seif
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Jünemann
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alken
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002217:Carbachol; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008160:Lumbosacral Plexus / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D002217:Carbachol