title: Dose coefficients for the embryo and fetus following intakes of radionuclides by the mother.
abstract: The International Commission on Radiological Protection has recently issued Publication 88, giving dose coefficients for the embryo, fetus and newborn child from intakes of selected radionuclides of 31 elements by the mother, either before or during pregnancy. The biokinetic models used for calculating these doses were based upon the available human data and the results of animal experiments. This paper summarises the approach used for the development of biokinetic and dosimetric models. It also compares the estimates of dose received by the offspring with those received by the reference adult. The main findings are that, in general, doses to the offspring are similar to or lower than those to the reference adult. For a few radionuclides, however, the dose to the offspring can exceed that to the adult. The reasons for these variations in comparative doses are examined.
authors.affiliation: National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon, OX11 0RQ, UK. john.stather@nrpb.org
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Stather
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Phipps
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Eckerman
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Fell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nosske
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000284:Administration, Oral; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018811:Maternal Exposure; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000502:physiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes