title: Intravascular volume depletion in a 24-hour porcine model of intra-abdominal hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of the study was to examine hemodynamic parameters and intravascular volume in a porcine model in the presence of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) lasting for 24 hours.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve pigs (52.5 +/- 4.9 kg) were studied over a period of 24 hours. In six animals, the intra-abdominal pressure was increased to 30 mm Hg via carbon dioxide-pneumoperitoneum. The others served as controls. Using the double-indicator dilution technique, intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV), total circulating blood volume, and cardiac output (CO) were measured. Standard parameters (e.g., central venous pressure [CVP]), were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the presence of IAH, ITBV and total circulating blood volume were significantly reduced to 55% and 67% of control values. CO decreased to 27% and CVP increased fourfold.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IAH leads to significant intravascular volume depletion that is not reflected by the CVP. Assessment of CO and ITBV in the presence of a critically increased intra-abdominal pressure is therefore recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Rhenish-Westphalian Technical University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany. alexander.schachtrupp@post.rwth-aachen.de
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schachtrupp
authors.forename: Juergen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tons
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoer
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fackeldey
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schumpelick
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001810:Blood Volume; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D002496:Central Venous Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide