title: Comparison of predicted with observed biokinetics of inhaled plutonium nitrate and gadolinium oxide in humans.
abstract: The absorption kinetics to blood of plutonium and gadolinium after inhalation as nitrate and oxide in humans and animals has been studied. For each material, values describing the time dependence of absorption were derived from the studies in animals and used with the ICRP human respiratory tract model to predict lung retention and cumulative amounts to blood for the volunteers inhaling the same materials. Comparison with the observed behaviour in the volunteers suggests that absorption of plutonium and gadolinium is reasonably species independent, and that data obtained from animal studies can be used to assess their biokinetic behaviour in humans.
authors.affiliation: National Radiological Protection Board, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RQ, UK. alan.hodgson@nrpb.org
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hodgson
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Shutt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Etherington
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hodgson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rance
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Stradling
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Youngman
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ziesenis
authors.forename: W G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Kreyling
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009566:Nitrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011005:Plutonium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D009566:Nitrates; C015459:plutonium nitrate; D011005:Plutonium; C030581:gadolinium oxide; D005682:Gadolinium