title: Hyperosmolar solution effects in guinea pig airways. III. Studies on the identity of epithelium-derived relaxing factor in isolated perfused trachea using pharmacological agents.
abstract: Hyperosmolar challenge of airway epithelium stimulates the release of epithelium-derived relaxing factor (EpDRF), but the identity of EpDRF is not known. We examined the effects of pharmacological agents on relaxant responses of methacholine (3 x 10(-7) M)-contracted guinea pig perfused trachea to mucosal hyperosmolar challenge using D-mannitol. Responses were inhibited by gossypol (5 x 10(-6) M), an agent with diverse actions, by the carbon monoxide (CO) scavenger hemoglobin (10(-6) M), and by the heme oxygenase (HO) inhibitor zinc (II) protoporphyrin IX (10(-4) M). The HO inhibitor chromium (III) mesoporphyrin IX (10(-4) M) was not inhibitory, and the HO activator heme-L-lysinate (3 x 10(-4) M) did not evoke relaxant responses. The CO donor tricarbonyldichlororuthenium (II) dimer (2.2 x 10(-4) M) elicited small relaxation responses. Other agents without an effect on responses included: apyrase, adenosine, 6-anilino-5,8-quinolinequinone (LY83583), proadifen, (E)-3-[[[3-[2-(7-chloro-2-quinolinyl)ethenyl]phenyl][[3-(dimethylamino)-3-oxopropyl]thio]methyl]thio]-propanoic acid (MK 571), diphenhydramine, glibenclamide, HgCl2, tetrodotoxin, nystatin, alpha-hemolysin, 8-bromoguanosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphothioate, Rp-isomer, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate, cholera toxin, pertussis toxin, thapsigargin, nifedipine, Ca(2+)-free mucosal solution, hydrocortisone, and epidermal growth factor. Cytoskeleton inhibitors, includingerythro-9-(2-hydroxyl-3-nonyl)adenine, colchicine, nocodazole, latrunculin B, and cytochalasins B and D, had no effect on relaxation responses. The results suggest provisionally that a portion of EpDRF activity may be due to CO and that the release of EpDRF does not involve cytoskeletal reorganization.
authors.affiliation: Pathology and Physiology Research Branch, Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888, USA. jsf2@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fedan
authors.forename: Janet A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dowdy
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Van Scott
authors.forename: David X-Y
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Johnston
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045462:Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010477:Perfusion; D014132:Trachea / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D045462:Endothelium-Dependent Relaxing Factors