title: Species diversity and polymorphism in the Exophiala spinifera clade containing opportunistic black yeast-like fungi.
abstract: A monophyletic group of black yeast-like fungi containing opportunistic pathogens around Exophiala spinifera is analyzed using sequences of the small-subunit (SSU) and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) domains of ribosomal DNA. The group contains yeast-like and annellidic species (anamorph genus Exophiala) in addition to sympodial taxa (anamorph genera Ramichloridium and Rhinocladiella). The new species Exophiala oligosperma, Ramichloridium basitonum, and Rhinocladiella similis are introduced and compared with their morphologically similar counterparts at larger phylogenetic distances outside the E. spinifera clade. Exophiala jeanselmei is redefined. New combinations are proposed in EXOPHIALA: Exophiala exophialae for Phaeococcomyces exophialae and Exophiala heteromorpha for E. jeanselmei var. heteromorpha.
authors.affiliation: Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Utrecht, The Netherlands. de.hoog@cbs.knaw.nl
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: de Hoog
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Caligiorne
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kantarcioglu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tintelnot
authors.forename: A H G
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Gerrits van den Ende
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Haase
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000032:analysis; D005093:Exophiala / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D009181:Mycoses / Q000382:microbiology; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S