title: Intraoperative and postoperative morbidity associated with cystoscopy performed in patients undergoing gynecologic surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of cystoscopy during major gynecologic surgery and to describe an interesting and rare complication that was encountered.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was an observational descriptive study. A retrospective review was performed. Data collected included intraoperative lower urinary tract injuries, injuries that were related directly to cystoscopy, and postoperative morbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred one cases were evaluated. Eight lower urinary tract injuries were noted, 4 of which were detected at cystoscopy and 3 of which (2.97%) were detected intraoperatively before cystoscopy. There was one complication that was linked directly to cystoscopy. There were nine postoperative urinary tract infections. Total cost per case excluding anesthesia time was $54.42.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liberal use of cystoscopy in gynecologic surgery is recommended. The procedure is safe, easily learned, and inexpensive to perform.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Education Memorial Health University Medical Center, Mercer University School of Medicine Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferro
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Byck
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gallup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002056:Burns / Q000209:etiology; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D008875:Middle Aged; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000293:injuries; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000293:injuries; D014551:Urinary Tract / Q000293:injuries*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology*