title: Cytogenetic and morphologic typing of 58 papillary renal cell carcinomas: evidence for a cytogenetic evolution of type 2 from type 1 tumors.
abstract: We evaluated clinical characteristics, patient outcome (mean follow-up, 47 months), and cytogenetic abnormalities in the largest as yet reported cytogenetic series of 47 primary and 11 secondary papillary renal cell carcinomas for differences between the recently proposed type 1 and type 2 subtypes. Secondary tumors were more often of type 2 morphology (P = 0.02), whereas primary type 2 tumors were associated with higher clinical stage (P = 0.001) and worse patient outcome (P = 0.02). Although both subtypes had at least one of the primary chromosomal gains at 17q, 7, and 16q, type 2 tumors had moderately lower frequencies of primary gains at 17p (61 versus 94%; P = 0.007) and 17q (72 versus 97%; P = 0.02). On the other hand, type 2 tumors overall had more chromosomal alterations than type 1 tumors (P = 0.01), particularly gains of 1q (28 versus 3%; P = 0.02) and losses of 8p (33 versus 0%; P = 0.001), 11 (28 versus 3%; P = 0.02), and 18 (44 versus 9%; P = 0.01). Hierarchical clustering suggested cytogenetic patterns common but not restricted to type 2 morphology, one characterized by multiple additional gains, and another predominantly showing additional losses. These findings provide genetic evidence that type 1 and type 2 tumors arise from common cytogenetic pathways and that type 2 tumors evolve from type 1 tumors. Independently of type, losses of 9p were statistically correlated with advanced disease (P = 0.0008) and may serve as a potential adverse prognostic marker in papillary renal cell carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Georg-August University Hospital Göttingen, University of Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Strasse 40, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Bastian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gunawan
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Heydebreck
authors.forename: Thekla
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fritsch
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Rolf-Hermann
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Ringert
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jakse
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Füzesi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging