Knowledge and attitudes regarding cardiovascular disease risk and prevention in patients with coronary or peripheral arterial disease.
BACKGROUND
We compared perceptions regarding risk of cardiovascular events and benefits of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor reduction between patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD), patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), and patients without atherosclerosis (no disease).


METHODS
Participants with no disease (n = 142) had a normal ankle-brachial index and no clinically evident atherosclerosis (group 1). The PAD participants (n = 136) had an ankle-brachial index less than 0.90 and no other clinically evident atherosclerosis (group 2). Participants with CAD (n = 70) had a normal ankle-brachial index and a history of heart disease (group 3). Participants were interviewed regarding risk of mortality, CVD, and the importance of CVD risk factor reduction for hypothetical patients with PAD and CAD.


RESULTS
All groups reported that risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, and death were higher for a patient with CAD than for a patient with PAD. Group 2 was less likely than group 3 to believe that PAD is associated with an extremely high risk of stroke (13.3% vs 28.7%; P =.005) or mortality (10.9% vs 26.6%; P =.003). Group 2 was less likely than group 1 to believe that a patient with PAD has a very high risk of myocardial infarction (13.1% vs 23.8%; P =.02), stroke (13.3% vs 27.5%; P =.003), or mortality (10.9% vs 24.3%; P =.004). Compared with group 3, a smaller percentage of patients in group 2 reported that cholesterol lowering was very important in PAD (57.5% vs 75.8%; P =.005).


CONCLUSIONS
Compared with other patients, those with PAD underestimated the high risk of cardiovascular events associated with PAD and the benefits of cholesterol-lowering therapy. These findings may help explain the low rates of CVD risk factor control previously reported in patients with PAD.
McDermott
Mary McGrae
MM
Departments of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Ill. 60611, USA. mdm608@northwestern.edu
Mandapat
Aimee Luna
AL
Moates
Amanda
A
Albay
Monique
M
Chiou
Eric
E
Celic
Lillian
L
Greenland
Philip
P
D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking