title: 5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid induces the infiltration of granulocytes into human skin.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  5-Oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid (5-oxo-ETE) is an arachidonic acid metabolite with potent in vitro chemoattractant effects on eosinophils and neutrophils. It has also been shown to induce pulmonary eosinophilia in Brown Norway rats, but it is not known whether it is active in human beings in vivo.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether 5-oxo-ETE can induce cellular infiltration in patients with atopic asthma and nonatopic control subjects after intradermal administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  5-Oxo-ETE was administered intradermally to 11 patients with atopic asthma and 10 nonatopic control subjects. Skin biopsy specimens were taken 6 or 24 hours later and examined by immunocytochemistry for cells expressing specific markers for eosinophils (major basic protein), neutrophils (elastase), macrophages (CD68), lymphocytes (CD3), and mast cells (tryptase).
  
  
  RESULTS
  5-Oxo-ETE (1.5 and 5 microg) elicited the infiltration of both eosinophils and neutrophils into the skin in both control and atopic asthmatic subjects. Increased numbers of eosinophils were observed at 6 and 24 hours after injection, whereas significantly elevated neutrophil numbers were present only after 24 hours. Eosinophils were >3 times higher in patients with atopic asthma compared with control subjects after injection of the highest dose of 5-oxo-ETE. Macrophage numbers were also elevated, but only at the highest dose of 5-oxo-ETE. No effects were observed on the numbers of either lymphocytes or mast cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  5-Oxo-ETE elicits the infiltration of eosinophils and neutrophils into the skin of human beings in vivo after intradermal administration. Asthmatic subjects are more responsive to this substance than nonallergic control subjects. These results suggest that 5-oxo-ETE may be an important mediator of inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muro
authors.forename: Qutayba
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Olivenstein
authors.forename: Rame
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rokach
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001249:Asthma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000473:pathology; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; C080828:5-oxo-6,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid