title: Use of cine magnetic resonance angiography in quantifying aneurysm pulsatility associated with endoleak.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Persistent aneurysm perfusion or endoleak is associated with pulsatility of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) after endovascular repair. However, the resultant pulsatile change in aneurysm diameter may be difficult to quantify, and therefore its significance is unknown. In this study cine magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) was used to quantify aneurysm wall motion during the cardiac cycle and to correlate it with the presence and type of endoleak.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cine MRA was performed in 16 patients undergoing endovascular repair of AAA. A 1.5 T magnet and post-processing with GEMS 4.0 Fiesta computerized video image analysis software were used to calculate maximum aortic diameter during systole and diastole. Changes in aortic diameter were determined from these measurements. Cine MRA was performed on aneurysms before treatment and in patients with and without endoleak after endovascular repair. Type of endoleak was confirmed at angiography in all cases. Four patients had antegrade (type I) endoleak, and eight patients had retrograde (type II) endoleak; no endoleak was present in four patients. Endovascular grafts with stent support throughout the entire length of the graft (Talent) were used in all cases (14 bifurcated grafts, 2 tube grafts).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cine MRA demonstrated significantly greater wall motion and resultant change in aneurysm diameter in patients with type I endoleak compared with patients without endoleak (type I, 2.14 +/- 1.28 mm vs no endoleak, 0.12 +/- 0.09 mm, P =.001). Change in aneurysm diameter in patients with type II endoleak was not significantly greater than in patients with no endoleak (type II, 0.26 +/- 0.21 mm vs no endoleak, 0.12 +/- 0.09 mm, P = NS). Untreated aneurysms demonstrated the greatest change in diameter during the cardiac cycle (3.51 +/- 0.79 mm).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cine MRA may be used to accurately quantify AAA wall motion before and after endovascular stent-graft treatment. The extent of change in diameter corresponds to the type of endoleak, with antegrade (type I) endoleak generating greater pulsatile change in diameter than retrograde-collateral (type II) endoleak or no endoleak. Cine MRA may provide a noninvasive means of assessing the success of endovascular treatment of AAA. Further studies will be necessary to confirm the utility and efficacy of cine MRA in postoperative assessment of endovascular aneurysm repair.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, New York-Presbyterian Hospital, Weill Cornell Medical School, 525 E. 68th Street, P705, New York, NY, USA. plf2001@med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Faries
authors.forename: Gautam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lookstein
authors.forename: Joshua W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Bernheim
authors.forename: Neal S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Cayne
authors.forename: Hadley
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cadot
authors.forename: Jeffery
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: K Craig
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: Larry H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Hollier
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000503:physiopathology; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011674:Pulse; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis