[Calculating how long phenytoin intoxication lasts].
BACKGROUND
We report a case of intoxication with phenytoin (DPH), in which the actual time required for it to disappear was compared with that estimated using linear regression.


METHODS
A 23-year-old female with tonic-clonic seizures, receiving chronic therapy with DPH 300 mg/day. The patient came to hospital because of tremors, balance disorders, vomiting and headaches. Neurologically, she presented horizontal nystagmus in the two extreme gazes, generalised hyperreflexia and ataxic gait. Cranial CAT scan and cerebrospinal fluid were both normal. Serum concentration of DPH was found to be 60.2 mg/L. When DPH concentration is >8-10 mg/L, its rate of elimination diminishes disproportionately and the risk of toxicity increases. Use of mathematical methods makes it possible to calculate the time required for a toxic concentration to come down to therapeutic values. In our patient the DPH took 204 hours to drop below the toxic level (20 mg/L), whereas by using a linear regression with only two different concentrations a figure of 155 hours was obtained.


CONCLUSIONS
The method employed here can be useful as a quick, simple and easily applicable way of estimating the time a toxic concentration of DPH takes to return to a normal level.
Sánchez-Romero
A
A
Unidad de Farmacología Clínica, Hospital General Universitario de Albacete, Albacete, España.
Durán-Ferreras
E
E
Espigares-Jiménez
M
M
Durán-Quintana
J A
JA
D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy; D013997:Time Factors
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D010672:Phenytoin