Cytogenetic findings in adult de novo acute myeloid leukaemia. A population-based study of 303/337 patients.
During a 10-year period (1992-2001) in the region of Southern Denmark, 337 patients aged 15 years or older (range 16-93 years, median 67 years) were diagnosed with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). Cytogenetic analysis was carried out in 90%, of whom 53% had clonal chromosome aberrations. Some 24% and 31% had only numerical or structural abnormalities respectively. The remaining patients showed both types of abnormalities. Ploidy levels in decreasing order were: pseudodiploidy, 41%; hyperdiploidy, 32%; and hypodiploidy, 27%. Pseudodiploidy characterizes type M3 (70%) and hypodiploidy M6 (56%). Recurrent cytogenetic abnormalities--t(8;21), t(15;17) and inv(16)--were found in 3.3%, 3.3% and 2.0% of all patients respectively. Prognostically intermediate and adverse aberrations were found in 39% and 44%, respectively, of those with an abnormal karyotype. Rare recurrent aberrations were found in two patients in this material. A previously described non-recurrent abnormality was found to be recurrent in one patient [der(20)t(11;20)(q13.2;p13)]. New, previously undescribed abnormalities were found in 41 patients. Statistically significant correlations were found between t(15;17) and young age (P < 0.001), inv(16) and young age (P < 0.006), -17 and M6 (P = 0.007), and M6 and complex karyotype with five or more unrelated aberrations (P = 0.004). We conclude that this truly population-based cytogenetic study of adult AML showed distributions of chromosome abnormalities that differ from those described so far.
Preiss
Birgitte S
BS
Institute of Pathology, Odense University Hospital, Denmark. birgitte.preiss@ouh.fyns-amt.dk
Kerndrup
Gitte B
GB
Schmidt
Kai G
KG
Sørensen
Anne G
AG
Clausen
Niels-Aage T
NA
Gadeberg
Ole V
OV
Mourits-Andersen
Torben
T
Pedersen
Niels T
NT
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007621:Karyotyping; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011003:Ploidies; D011379:Prognosis; D014178:Translocation, Genetic