title: The effect of state of health on organ distribution and excretion of systemic plutonium in the Mayak workers.
abstract: The extrapulmonary distribution of plutonium in 20 organs (excluding the respiratory tract) was studied in workers who chronically inhaled plutonium at the radiochemical plants of the Mayak Production Association (Ozyorsk, Russia). The data were obtained by radiochemical analysis of soft tissue and bones samples collected at autopsy of 591 workers. The systemic plutonium distribution was determined in healthy individuals as well as in those with health impairment, specifically for those with liver diseases. Twenty-five years after the beginning of inhalation, systemic fractions in the liver and skeleton of individuals who were healthy at the time of death approximate the ratio 45%:45% proposed in the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP) Publication 30. Pathological processes in the liver, accompanied by fatty dystrophy of hepatocytes, increased plutonium clearance from the liver. There was a considerable shift of the plutonium from the liver to the skeleton in individuals who died from liver disease. The average fractions of systemic plutonium in the liver and skeleton of those individuals were 14% and 78% respectively, which did not correspond to ICRP models, indicating a significant effect of disease conditions. Plutonium that was not redistributed was excreted. The urinary excretion rate of plutonium also correlated with state of health. The observed excretion as a fraction of systemic content was 1.64 x 10(-5) d(-1) for individuals in good health and 2.34 x 10(-5) d(-1) for individuals with various chronic diseases. The current models do not account for the influence of different pathological processes in the body on plutonium distribution and retention in systemic organs. This could have significant consequences for dosimetry calculations and risk estimations.
authors.affiliation: South Ural Biophysics Institute, Ozyorskoe Shosse 19, Ozyorsk, Chelyabinsk Region, Russia, 456780. suslova@lab3.fib.ozersk.ru
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Suslova
authors.forename: V F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Khokhryakov
authors.forename: Z B
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Tokarskaya
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Nifatov
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Sokolova
authors.forename: T I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Kudryavtzeva
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Krahenbuhl
mesh_terms: D001822:Body Burden; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006304:Health Status; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008954:Models, Biological; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011005:Plutonium / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine*; D011210:Power Plants; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012426:Russia; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D011005:Plutonium