title: Dietary intake of arsenic, mercury and selenium by children from a German North Sea island using duplicate portion sampling.
abstract: The dietary intake of arsenic, selenium and mercury was studied for children living on the North Sea island Amrum, Germany. Altogether, 98 duplicate portions were collected from 14 children (age 1.5-5.5 years) in April and May 1995 over a sampling period of 7 days, respectively. The element concentrations in duplicate samples were measured by atomic absorption spectrometry. The weekly As and Hg intake (median and range) was 2.31 and 0.89-6.75 microg/(kg(bw) x week) for As and 0.13 and 0.060-0.62 microg/(kg(bw) x week) for Hg. Compared with the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) for As and Hg as proposed by the WHO, German children from coastal areas reveal no health risks due to As and Hg dietary intake. The daily Se intake (median and range) was 19 and 6-160 microg/day. The appropriate Se intake of 10-40 microg/day, as recommended by the Austrian, German, and Swiss Nutrition Councils for 1-4 years-old children, was not reached in 8 out of 49 cases (16.3%), whereas the recommended Se intake, fixed at 15-45 microg/day for the 4-7 years-old children, was not reached in 15 out of 48 cases (31.3%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene, Social and Environmental Medicine, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany. wilhelm@hygiene.ruhr-uni-bochum.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wittsiepe
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schrey
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lajoie-Junge
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Busch
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D005506:Food Contamination; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008628:Mercury / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012643:Selenium / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D008628:Mercury; D012643:Selenium; D001151:Arsenic