title: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related pulmonary Mycobacterium xenopi infection: a need to treat?
abstract: We report treatment decisions and outcomes for 20 patients who were infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and were receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) who had respiratory symptoms and from whom Mycobacterium xenopi was isolated. All patients also had coexisting pulmonary pathologic conditions. The median blood T cell CD4 count was 37 cells/microL (range, 2-480 cells/microL). Fifteen of 20 patients received no antimycobacterial therapy and remain healthy after a median of approximately 4 years of follow-up, and 2 patients required treatment specifically for M. xenopi infection, both showing clinical improvement. We conclude that pulmonary M. xenopi isolation in HIV-1 patients receiving HAART does not usually require specific treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Royal Free Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kerbiriou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ustianowski
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: M C I
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lipman
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D019912:Mycobacterium xenopi / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents