Inhibition of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase by a new class of allosteric effectors.
A highly constrained pseudo-tetrapeptide (OC252-324) further defines a new allosteric binding site located near the center of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. In a crystal structure, pairs of inhibitory molecules bind to opposite faces of the enzyme tetramer. Each ligand molecule is in contact with three of four subunits of the tetramer, hydrogen bonding with the side chain of Asp187 and the backbone carbonyl of residue 71, and electrostatically interacting with the backbone carbonyl of residue 51. The ligated complex adopts a quaternary structure between the canonical R- and T-states of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, and yet a dynamic loop essential for catalysis (residues 52-72) is in a conformation identical to that of the T-state enzyme. Inhibition by the pseudo-tetrapeptide is cooperative (Hill coefficient of 2), synergistic with both AMP and fructose 2,6-bisphosphate, noncompetitive with respect to Mg2+, and uncompetitive with respect to fructose 1,6-bisphosphate. The ligand dramatically lowers the concentration at which substrate inhibition dominates the kinetics of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase. Elevated substrate concentrations employed in kinetic screens may have facilitated the discovery of this uncompetitive inhibitor. Moreover, the inhibitor could mimic an unknown natural effector of fructose-1,6-bisphosphatase, as it interacts strongly with a conserved residue of undetermined functional significance.
Choe
Jun-Young
JY
Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA.
Nelson
Scott W
SW
Arienti
Kristen L
KL
Axe
Frank U
FU
Collins
Tassie L
TL
Jones
Todd K
TK
Kimmich
Rachel D A
RD
Newman
Michael J
MJ
Norvell
Karl
K
Ripka
William C
WC
Romano
Suzanne J
SJ
Short
Kevin M
KM
Slee
Deborah H
DH
Fromm
Herbert J
HJ
Honzatko
Richard B
RB
D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D000495:Allosteric Site; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D006597:Fructose-Bisphosphatase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry*; D005635:Fructosediphosphates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D007700:Kinetics; D008274:Magnesium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
D005635:Fructosediphosphates; D009842:Oligopeptides; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; C027652:fructose 2,6-diphosphate; D006597:Fructose-Bisphosphatase; D008274:Magnesium