title: Bifunctional role for VEGF-induced heme oxygenase-1 in vivo: induction of angiogenesis and inhibition of leukocytic infiltration.
abstract: Heme-oxygenases (HOs) catalyze the conversion of heme into carbon monoxide and biliverdin. HO-1 is induced during hypoxia, ischemia/reperfusion, and inflammation, providing cytoprotection and inhibiting leukocyte migration to inflammatory sites. Although in vitro studies have suggested an additional role for HO-1 in angiogenesis, the relevance of this in vivo remains unknown. We investigated the involvement of HO-1 in angiogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) induced prolonged HO-1 expression and activity in human endothelial cells and HO-1 inhibition abrogated VEGF-driven angiogenesis. Two murine models of angiogenesis were used: (1) angiogenesis initiated by addition of VEGF to Matrigel and (2) a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced model of inflammatory angiogenesis in which angiogenesis is secondary to leukocyte invasion. Pharmacologic inhibition of HO-1 induced marked leukocytic infiltration that enhanced VEGF-induced angiogenesis. However, in the presence of an anti-CD18 monoclonal antibody (mAb) to block leukocyte migration, VEGF-induced angiogenesis was significantly inhibited by HO-1 antagonists. Furthermore, in the LPS-induced model of inflammatory angiogenesis, induction of HO-1 with cobalt protoporphyrin significantly inhibited leukocyte invasion into LPS-conditioned Matrigel and thus prevented the subsequent angiogenesis. We therefore propose that during chronic inflammation HO-1 has 2 roles: first, an anti-inflammatory action inhibiting leukocyte infiltration; and second, promotion of VEGF-driven noninflammatory angiogenesis that facilitates tissue repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive and Vascular Biology, The Medical School, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B12 2TG, United Kingdom. benedetta.bussolati@unito.it
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bussolati
authors.forename: Asif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pemberton
authors.forename: R Clive
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Landis
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Carlo
authors.forename: Dorian O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Haskard
authors.forename: Justin C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing) / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1; C496541:HMOX1 protein, human; D006419:Heme Oxygenase (Decyclizing); D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; C496542:Hmox1 protein, mouse