title: Purification of interstitial cells of Cajal by fluorescence-activated cell sorting.
abstract: Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) in the gastrointestinal tract generate and propagate slow waves and mediate neuromuscular neurotransmission. Although damages to ICC have been described in several gastrointestinal motor disorders, analysis of their gene expression in health and disease has been problematic because of the difficulties in isolating these cells. Our goal was to develop techniques for large-scale purification of ICC. Murine ICC were identified in live gastrointestinal muscles with fluorescent Kit antibodies. Because this technique also labels resident macrophages nonspecifically, we attempted to separate ICC from these cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting with or without immunomagnetic presorting. Efficacy and specificity of ICC purification were tested by quantitative RT-PCR of cell-specific markers. Fluorescence-based separation of small intestinal ICC from unlabeled cells and macrophages tagged with F4/80 antibodies yielded 30,000-40,000 cells and approximately 60-fold enrichment of c-kit mRNA. However, the macrophage marker CD68 was also enriched approximately 6-fold. Magnetic presorting of ICC did not significantly improve selectivity. After labeling contaminating cells with additional paramagnetic (anti-CD11b, -CD11c) and fluorescent antibodies (anti-CD11b) and depleting them by magnetic presorting, we harvested approximately 2,000-4,000 cells from single gastric corpus-antrum muscles and detected an approximately 30-fold increase in c-kit mRNA, no enrichment of mast cells, and an approximately 4-fold reduction of CD68 expression. Adding labeled anti-CD45 antibody to our cocktail further increased c-kit enrichment and eliminated mast cells and macrophages. Smooth muscle cells and myenteric neurons were also depleted. We conclude that immunofluorescence-based sorting can yield ICC in sufficiently high numbers and purity to permit detailed molecular analyses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of Nevada, Reno School of Medicine, Anderson Bldg., Mail Stop 352, Reno, NV 89557, USA. tamas@physiology.unr.edu
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ordög
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Redelman
authors.forename: Lisa J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Viktor J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Horváth
authors.forename: Qiao
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Graça
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Almeida-Porada
authors.forename: Esmail D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Zanjani
authors.forename: Burton
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: Kenton M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Sanders
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D008280:Magnetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000097382:CD68 Molecule
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D015415:Biomarkers; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C067980:CD68 antigen, human; D000097382:CD68 Molecule