title: Extracellular matrix regulates glomerular epithelial cell survival and proliferation.
abstract: Glomerular epithelial cell (GEC) injury and apoptosis may contribute to sclerosis in glomerulonephritis. The present study addresses signals that regulate survival of GEC in culture and in the acute puromycin aminonucleoside nephrosis (PAN) model of GEC injury in vivo. Compared with GEC on plastic substratum, adhesion to collagen increased activation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), c-Src, and ERK and facilitated survival (prevented apoptosis). GEC on plastic exhibited increased caspase-8 and -9 activities, increased expression of the proapoptotic protein, Bax, and decreased the antiapoptotic protein, Bcl-XL, compared with collagen. Stable expression of constitutively active mutants of FAK (CD2-FAK) or MEK (R4F-MEK) activated the ERK pathway and supplanted the requirement of collagen for survival. In contrast, expression of a Ras mutant that activates phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase but blocks ERK activation or pharmacological inhibition of the ERK pathway decreased survival on collagen. Glomeruli isolated from rats with PAN revealed increased beta1-integrin expression, along with increased activation of FAK, c-Src, and ERK, compared with controls. EGF receptor activation was undetectable in PAN. Therefore, adhesion to collagen, resulting in activation of FAK and the Ras-ERK pathway, supports GEC survival. Analogous signals for GEC survival are activated in PAN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, McGill university Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A1.
authors.forename: Krikor
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bijian
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Papillon
authors.forename: Abdelkrim
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khadir
authors.forename: Andrey V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Cybulsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000081247:CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009401:Nephrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D011692:Puromycin Aminonucleoside; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019061:src-Family Kinases
chemical_list: C494828:Bax protein, rat; C494813:Bcl2l1 protein, rat; D006133:Growth Substances; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D011692:Puromycin Aminonucleoside; D003094:Collagen; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D000081247:CSK Tyrosine-Protein Kinase; D051417:Focal Adhesion Kinase 1; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C496052:Ptk2 protein, rat; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D020169:Caspases; D018631:ras Proteins