Risk factors for porcine post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS) in 149 French farrow-to-finish herds.
A cross-sectional study involving 149 farms was carried out in France in 2000 and 2001 to assess the risk factors for post-weaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). The farms were divided into three groups according to their current or past PMWS status: CASES (current and typical PMWS), CONTROLS#1 (PMWS-free farms), and CONTROLS#2 (farms which have recovered from PMWS). Two different comparisons were tested: CASES versus CONTROLS#1 and CASES versus CONTROLS#2. In the first comparison, the odds of PMWS were increased when fattening pigs tested positive for parvovirus (PPv) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus (OR=4.4 and 6.5, respectively), when separate vaccines for parvovirus and Erysipela for the gilts versus associated vaccines were used (OR=2.5), and when on-farm semen collection was used versus all the semen purchased from an insemination centre (OR=4.6). Large pens in weaning facilities increased the odds of PMWS (OR=4.1); whereas long empty periods in weaning and farrowing facilities versus shorter (OR=0.2), regular treatment against external parasites (OR=0.1), and housing the sows in collective pens during pregnancy versus individual pens (OR=0.3) all decreased the odds of PMWS. The same kinds of risk factors were found with the second comparison with, in addition, a common pit for several adjacent fattening rooms versus separate pits (OR=6.7) and a high level of cross-fostering (OR=5.1). On the other hand, when farms had a self-replacement scheme for the gilts (OR=0.1), and when vaccination of the sows against E. coli was in place (OR=0.2), the odds of PMWS were decreased.
Rose
N
N
AFSSA-site de Ploufragan, Laboratoire Central de Recherches, Avicole et Porcine, B.P. 53, 22440 Ploufragan, France. n.rose@ploufragan.afssa.fr
Larour
G
G
Le Diguerher
G
G
Eveno
E
E
Jolly
J P
JP
Blanchard
P
P
Oger
A
A
Le Dimna
M
M
Jestin
A
A
Madec
F
F
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018173:Circoviridae Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D017925:Circovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019282:Wasting Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014886:Weaning