title: Effect of saliva on shear bond strength of an orthodontic adhesive used with moisture-insensitive and self-etching primers.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of saliva contamination on the shear bond strength of an orthodontic adhesive used with Transbond Moisture-Insensitive Primer (MIP, 3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) and Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer (SEP, 3M Unitek). Hydrophobic Transbond XT primer (XT, 3M Unitek) was used as a control. A total of 162 extracted premolars were collected and divided equally into 9 groups of 18 teeth each, and brackets were bonded with Transbond XT adhesive (3M Unitek) under different experimental conditions: (1) control: etch/dry/XT, (2) etch/dry/MIP, (3) etch/dry/MIP/wet (saliva)/MIP, (4) etch/wet/MIP, (5) etch/wet/MIP/wet/MIP, (6) dry/SEP, (7) dry/SEP/wet/SEP, (8) wet/SEP, and (9) wet/SEP/wet/SEP. Shear bond strength of each sample was examined with a testing machine. The results showed that the control group had the highest mean shear bond strength (group 1, 21.3 +/- 6.8 MPa), followed by the MIP group in a dry field (group 2, 20.7 +/- 5.0 MPa). No significant difference was found between groups 1 and 2. Groups 3 through 9 had similar mean strengths, ranging from 12.7 to 15.0 MPa (P >.05), which were significantly lower than in groups 1 and 2 (P <.05). There was no significant difference in bond-failure site among the 9 groups. It was concluded that (1) Transbond XT adhesive with Transbond XT primer and MIP in a dry field yields similar bond strengths, which are greater than all other groups, (2) saliva contamination significantly lowers the bond strength of Transbond MIP, (3) saliva has no effect on the bond strength of Transbond SEP, (4) Transbond XT adhesive with Transbond MIP and SEP might have clinically acceptable bond strengths in either dry or wet fields.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadephia 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Irene L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Zeppieri
authors.forename: Chun-Hsi
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Francis K
authors.initials: FK
authors.lastname: Mante
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001641:Bicuspid; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D000431:Ethanol; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements; D012463:Saliva; D033081:Shear Strength; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D017155:Wettability
chemical_list: D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; C429625:Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer; C477790:Transbond XT; C458821:Transbond moisture-insensitive primer; D000431:Ethanol