title: E/NS1 modifications of dengue 2 virus after serial passages in mammalian and/or mosquito cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dengue viruses are routinely maintained in nature by transmission cycles involving the passage of virus between humans and AEDES mosquitoes. The number of dengue virus lineages has been increasing over time. The aim of this study was to identify the genetic diversity of dengue 2 virus serially transferred in mammalian and/or mosquito cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  The E/NS1 gene of dengue 2 virus variants derived from serial passages in Vero or C6/36 cells, or alternately in both cell systems, was amplified and sequenced in order to observe gene modification after serial passages.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three nucleotides (two in E and one in NS1) or two amino acids (one each in E and NS1) changed in the virus that was continuously cultured in Vero cells for 20 passages, whereas four nucleotides (two each in E and NS1) or three amino acids (one in E and two in NS1) changed in the virus cultured for 30 passages. The genome of dengue 2 virus remained stable even when the virus was serially transferred in C6/36 cells for 30 generations. However, there was one amino acid substitution (E46 I-->V) resulting from a single nucleotide change in the E region of dengue 2 virus alternately transferred in C6/36 and Vero cells for either 20 or 30 passages. In addition, dengue 2 virus obtained from serially cultured Vero cells usually replicated better when it reinfected Vero cells, reflecting its high adaptation fitness to the host cell.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that genetic changes of dengue 2 virus are constrained in Vero (mammalian) cells, resulting in a variety of genome-related quasispecies populations. Some populations of the virus are subsequently selected by and genetically (at least in the E/NS1 portion of the viral genome) maintained in C6/36 (mosquito) cells during replicative competition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Parasitology, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan. wjchen@mail.cgu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Wei-June
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hsin-Rong
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shyang-Song
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chiou
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000821:virology; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006224:Cricetinae; D003715:Dengue; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012692:Serial Passage; D014709:Vero Cells; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins