title: Chemokines and the inflammatory response following cardiopulmonary bypass--a new target for therapeutic intervention?--A review.
abstract: This 10-year Medline search of English-language articles describing experimental and clinical studies on chemokines, cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and systemic or multiorgan failure revealed that chemokines are significantly involved in the pathogenesis of post-CPB syndrome. The post-CPB inflammatory response depends upon recruitment and activation of inflammatory cells. Leucocyte recruitment is a well-orchestrated process that involves several protein families, including pro-inflammatory cytokines, adhesion molecules and chemokines. Current anti-inflammatory therapies mostly act on the cells that have already been recruited. A more efficient therapy might be the prevention of excessive recruitment of particular leucocyte populations by antagonizing chemokine receptors which might act upstream of the current anti-inflammatory agents. The chemokines, which are a cytokine subfamily of chemotactic cytokines, participate in recognizing, recruiting, removing and repairing inflammation. As chemokines target specific leucocyte subsets, antagonism of a single chemokine ligand or receptor would be expected to have a circumscribed effect, thereby endowing the antagonist with a limited side-effect profile. Chemokines should be considered as possible targets for therapeutic intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Israel.
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ben-Abraham
authors.forename: Avi A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Weinbroum
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dekel
authors.forename: Gideon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paret
mesh_terms: D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines