title: Differential behavior of mesangial cells derived from 12/15-lipoxygenase knockout mice relative to control mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The 12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) enzyme has been implicated in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy since lipoxygenase products induce cellular hypertrophy and extracellular matrix deposition in mesangial cells. In this study, in order to determine the potential in vivo functional role of 12/15-LO in kidney disease, we compared mouse mesangial cells (MMCs) derived from 12/15-LO knockout mice with those from genetic control wild-type mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  MMCs were isolated from wild-type and 12/15-LO knockout mice. Cellular growth, activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), transcription factors, superoxide levels, and fibronectin expression were compared in the two cell types.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Levels of the 12/15-LO product and protein were lower in MMC from 12/15-LO knockout relative to wild-type. MMCs from 12/15-LO knockout mice grew slower than wild-type cells, and also showed lower rates of tritiated thymidine and leucine incorporation (21% and 15% of wild-type, respectively, P < 0.001). Levels of superoxide and the matrix protein fibronectin were also lower in 12/15-LO knockout mice cells. Serum and angiotensin II (Ang II)-stimulated activities of p38 or ERK1/2 MAPKs, and cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-responsive element binding protein (CREB) transcription factor were lower in 12/15-LO knockout relative to wild-type cells. In addition, DNA binding and transcriptional activities of activated protein-1 (AP-1) and CREB were lower in 12/15-LO knockout cells. Furthermore, stable 12/15-LO overexpression in MMC led to reciprocal increase in p38 MAPK activation and fibronectin expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The differential activation of oxidant stress, specific signaling pathways, transcription factors, and growth and matrix genes may lead to reduced growth and growth factor responses in 12/15-LO knockout versus wild-type MMCs. These results provide ex vivo functional evidence for the first time that 12/15-LO activation plays a key role in mesangial cell responses associated with renal diseases such as diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Gonda Diabetes Research Center, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, California 91010, USA.
authors.forename: Young-Sook
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Marpadga A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lanting
authors.forename: Sharon G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Rama
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Natarajan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D017781:Genes, Immediate-Early / Q000502:physiology; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007930:Leucine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013936:Thymidine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: C475064:12-15-lipoxygenase; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D005353:Fibronectins; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D014316:Tritium; D013481:Superoxides; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D007930:Leucine; D013936:Thymidine