title: Carpal coalition: a rare coincidence with hand deficiencies.
abstract: Three cases in which congenital carpal fusion was associated with formation deficiencies of the hand are presented. In two patients with a lunate-triquetral and a capitate-hamate-trapezoid coalition, respectively, an ulnar deficient hand was also diagnosed. A subdivision of the first type of ulnar club hand deformities is proposed. Other skeletal anomalies included duplication of a phalanx and pseudoepiphysis of a metacarpal, respectively. In the latter case hypoplasia of the flexor tendons to the fingers, excluding the thumb, was also noted. In the third case, a proximal capitate-hamate coalition coexisted with aplasia of the flexor tendons to the middle finger.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, G. Gennimatas Hospital and Radiology, G. Papageorgiou Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. sferopoulos@in.gr
authors.forename: Nikolaos K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Sferopoulos
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tsitouridis
mesh_terms: D002348:Carpal Bones / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006228:Hand Deformities, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography