Mortality risk conferred by small elevations of creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme after percutaneous coronary intervention.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to assess whether small creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme (CK-MB) elevations after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) affect the subsequent mortality risk.


BACKGROUND
Several studies have evaluated the relationship of CK-MB levels after PCI with the subsequent risk of death. While there is consensus that elevations exceeding 5 times the upper limit of normal increase mortality significantly, there is uncertainty about the exact clinical impact of smaller CK-MB elevations.


METHODS
We performed a meta-analysis of seven studies with CK-MB measurements and survival outcomes on 23230 subjects who underwent PCI. Data were combined with random effects models.


RESULTS
Mean follow-up was 6 to 34 months per study. By random effects, 19% (95% confidence interval [CI], 16% to 23%) had one- to five-fold CK-MB elevations, while only 6% (95% CI, 5% to 9%) had >5-fold elevations. Compared with subjects with normal CK-MB, there was a dose-response relationship with relative risks for death being 1.5 (95% CI, 1.2 to 1.8, no between-study heterogeneity) with one- to three-fold CK-MB elevations, 1.8 (95% CI, 1.4 to 2.4, no between-study heterogeneity) with three- to five-fold CK-MB elevations, and 3.1 (95% CI, 2.3 to 4.2, borderline between-study heterogeneity) with over five-fold CK-MB elevations (p < 0.001 for all).


CONCLUSIONS
Any increase in CK-MB after PCI is associated with a small, but statistically and clinically significant, increase in the subsequent risk of death.
Ioannidis
John P A
JP
Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine and the Biomedical Research Institute, Foundation for Research and Technology, Hellas- Ioannina, Greece. jioannid@cc.uoi.gr
Karvouni
Evangelia
E
Katritsis
Demosthenes G
DG
D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D017073:Atherectomy; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood*; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors
D007527:Isoenzymes; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form