title: Active, specific immunotherapy for lung cancer: hurdles and strategies using genetic modification.
abstract: Active immunotherapy for lung cancer has been a challenge because of the poor antigenic characterization of these tumors and their ability to escape the immune response. However, knowledge of the mechanisms of anti-tumor immunity has expanded significantly over the past decade, leading to the development of more novel, specific strategies for augmenting the immune response. Genetic manipulation of tumor cells, immune cells, or both, may help overcome some of the previously encountered difficulties of immunotherapy. Laboratory and clinical investigations are currently ongoing to evaluate the feasibility and potential benefit of these novel approaches.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York10021, USA. rjk2002@med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Korst
authors.forename: Ronald G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Crystal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active / Q000379:methods*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm