title: Perineal complications following radical perineal prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radical perineal prostatectomy has recently attracted renewed interest and wider acceptance as an alternative route to the retropubic approach. While presumed lower morbidity is one reason for perineal prostatectomy we evaluated our patients for complications that are specific for the perineal approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have retrospectively analyzed 412 patients who underwent perineal prostatectomy from 10/1996 to 12/2000. Patients for the perineal approach were selected on the base of preoperative PSA (10 ng/ml) and biopsy Gleason score (< 7) without the need for simultaneous lymphadenectomy. A cystogram was performed routinely on day 7 p. o. and the catheter removed when patent anastomosis was confirmed. Intra-, peri- and postoperative complications were recorded and evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intraoperative complications encompassed 22 cases of rectal injury (5.5 %) with standard primary 2-layer closure, however 4 patients subsequently developed a stool fistula and 3 required a colostomy. Hematoma in the prostatic fossa was diagnosed in 21 patients (5.2 %) and was removed surgically due to infection or increasing size in 4 patients. In 6.5 % of the patients acute urinary retention occurred after catheter removal (91 % after 7 days), while 4.2 % showed urinary extravasation via the perineal wound. Both incidents healed uneventfully with prolonged catheterization in all except 2 cases with concomitant hematoma in whom open fistula closure with a tunica vaginalis graft was performed. The rate of perioperative transfusion was 6.4 %, transient paresthesia and weakness of the leg were observed in 3 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radical perineal prostatectomy seems to be a procedure with a low rate of complications and surgical reinterventions. However, the spectrum of observed complications is different to that of retropubic prostatectomy and requires specific management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mainz University Medical School, Mainz, Germany. Jan.Fichtner@gk.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fichtner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gillitzer
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Melchior
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hohenfellner
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Thüroff
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D008297:Male; D010502:Perineum; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen