title: [Establishment of animal models of endometriosis in rhesus monkeys].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish animal models of endometriosis in rhesus monkeys and study the invasion mechanism of endometriosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five female healthy rhesus monkeys with regular menstrual cycles were selected, of whom 4 were used for endometriosis model establishment and 1 for control. During the period of days 8-15 of menstruation, or 3-5 days after the midcycle estrogen peak, the endometrium was implanted into the pelvic cavity other than the uterus in the experimental group, and in the control group, the greater omentum was implanted instead. Exploratory laparotomy or laparoscopy was performed during the period between days 8 and 15 of menstruation in the second and the fourth month respectively after the implantation for observing the occurrence of endometriosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the experimental group, the implanted endometrium survived in the receptor site in 3 monkeys, 2 of whom were found to have chocolate cyst after the operation. Laparoscopy was again performed in the 2 monkeys with endometriosis 4 months after the operation, showing pelvic adhesion and growth of ectopic endometrium similar to the changes as observed two months after the operation. In comparison with the control, deteriorated mental states and dietary changes, along with body weight losses, occurred in the 3 models of endometriosis, and 2 of them later died of intussusception.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Animal models of endometriosis can be established successfully in rhesus monkeys on the basis of the implantation theory, which, however, is influenced by individual differences between the animals. Heredity is an important factor in pathogenesis of endometriosis, and ectopic growth of the endometrium may severely impact the body function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510282, China. zonglili67@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Li-li
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Zong
authors.forename: Ya-li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Long-xia
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D014626:Vaginal Smears
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens