title: Fusion of the septic ankle: experience with 15 cases using hybrid external fixation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In cases of septic joint destruction, an unfavorable situation of soft tissues and chronic osteomyelitis are responsible for high failure rates of ankle fusions. We wanted to evaluate the control of infection and the fusion rate using hybrid external fixators for the fusion of the septic ankle in a prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1996 to 1998, 15 arthrodeses were performed using hybrid external fixators. All patients had a combination of bone and soft tissue infections. Fourteen patients suffered from sequelae of posttraumatic osteoarthritis, and one patient suffered from rheumatoid arthritis. In 14 patients, pathogens could be identified; in 87%, Staphylococcus aureus was found. Eight patients had relevant concomitant diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The preservation of limbs by solid tibiotalar fusion was achieved in 14 patients (93%). One patient maintained an infected pseudarthrosis. During the 12-month follow-up, three patients had a fistula that persisted, with two patients having a solid arthrodesis. Full weight-bearing was possible for all the patients with a successful fusion. Seventy-five percent of the patients that had not retired at the time of the study regained their fitness for work.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The hybrid external fixator presents a successful alternative for those arthrodeses of ankle joints where complications such as bone/joint infections or poor soft tissue conditions occur.
authors.affiliation: Department of Septic Bone and Joint Disorders, University Hospital for Surgery, Berufsgenossenschaftliche Kliniken, Bergmannsheil, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany. erwin.w.kolling@ruhr-uni-bochum.de
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kollig
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Esenwein
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Muhr
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kutscha-Lissberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016267:External Fixators; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome