title: Hospitalization rates and length of stay for cardiovascular conditions in Canada, 1994 to 1999.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are a leading cause of hospitalization in Canada. An examination of recent trends in cardiovascular hospitalization rates across Canada is of considerable value and interest to health policy decision makers and administrators, clinicians and researchers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine temporal trends and regional variation in hospitalization rates and length of stay for CVD conditions in Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital discharge data for fiscal years 1994/95 to 1999/2000 were used to identify all Canadians who were hospitalized with the most responsible diagnoses of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), congestive heart failure (CHF), angina and chest pain. Direct age- and sex-standardized hospitalization rates were calculated by province and health region. Length of stay (LOS) for episodes of hospital care were adjusted for age, sex and cardiac procedures using ordinary least squares regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, AMI, angina and chest pain hospitalization rates increased 6%, 8% and 11%, respectively, between fiscal years 1994/95 and 1999/2000 and decreased by 7% for CHF in Canada. There was wide regional variation in cardiovascular hospitalization rates in Canada, with the greatest variation seen in CHF, chest pain and angina, and the least seen in AMI. There was a modest downward trend in adjusted LOS between fiscal years 1994/95 and 1999/2000. In general, patients hospitalized in provinces in western Canada and Ontario had shorter LOS for all conditions when compared with those in Quebec and the eastern provinces.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AMI, angina and chest pain hospitalization rates in Canada increased between fiscal years 1994/95 and 1999/2000, while CHF rates declined. There is considerable regional variation in the cardiovascular hospitalization rates across the country that may be amenable to further interventional strategies.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ruth@ices.on.ca
authors.forename: Ruth E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Jack V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D017062:Small-Area Analysis; D014600:Utilization Review