title: Dietary supplementation of (+)-catechin protects against UVB-induced skin damage by modulating antioxidant enzyme activities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary supplementation with (+)-catechin on cutaneous antioxidant enzymes and the skin damage caused by UVB irradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  BALB/c mice were divided into three groups. Each group was fed a regular diet (RD) or a 2% catechin-supplemented diet for either 2 weeks (2CSD) or 4 weeks (4CSD) ad libitum prior to UVB irradiation. Skin was removed for the antioxidant enzyme assay, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the TEM analysis before and at various time points after UVB (200 mJ/cm2) irradiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before UVB irradiation, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities of the 2CSD and the 4CSD groups were found to be lower than those of the RD group, whereas the glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity of the 4CSD group was higher than those of the RD and the 2CSD groups (P<0.05). The SOD and CAT activities of the RD group decreased after UVB irradiation, while those of the 2CSD and the 4CSD groups increased immediately after irradiation and then decreased (P<0.05). Immediately after UVB irradiation, the GPx activities of the 4CSD and the 2CSD groups increased, but that of the RD group decreased. The GPx activity of all three groups showed a tendency to return to pre-UVB irradiation levels with time. Light microscopic findings of the RD group showed epidermal thinning and apoptotic cells at 24 h after UVB irradiation and mostly necrotic cells at 48 h, whereas only moderate thickening of the epidermis was observed in the 2CSD group at 48 h after irradiation. An electron microscopic examination produced similar findings. At 48 h after irradiation, nearly all epidermal cells seemed to be damaged in the RD group as compared to the 2CSD group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate that dietary supplementation with (+)-catechin could protect epidermal cells against UVB-induced damage by modulating antioxidant enzyme activities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi-Kwon
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002392:Catechin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000528:radiation effects; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D012867:Skin / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D002392:Catechin; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase