title: Quantum charge fluctuations and the polarizability of the single-electron box.
abstract: We measure the average charge on the island of a single-electron box, with an accuracy of two thousandths of an electron. Thermal fluctuations alone cannot account for the dependence of the average charge on temperature, on external potential, or on the quasiparticle density of states in the metal from which the box is formed. In contrast, we find excellent agreement between these measurements and a theory that treats the quantum fluctuations of charge perturbatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics and Physics, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA. konrad.lehnert@jila.colorado.edu
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lehnert
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Turek
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bladh
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Spietz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gunnarsson
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Delsing
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schoelkopf