title: Bcl-xL/Bcl-2 coordinately regulates apoptosis, cell cycle arrest and cell cycle entry.
abstract: Bcl-x(L) and Bcl-2 inhibit both apoptosis and proliferation. In investigating the relationship between these two functions of Bcl-x(L) and Bcl-2, an analysis of 24 Bcl-x(L) and Bcl-2 mutant alleles, including substitutions at residue Y28 previously reported to selectively abolish the cell cycle activity, showed that cell cycle delay and anti-apoptosis co-segregated in all cases. In determining whether Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) act in G(0) or G(1), forward scatter and pyronin Y fluorescence measurements indicated that Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) cells arrested more effectively in G(0) than controls, and were delayed in G(0)-G(1) transition. The cell cycle effects of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) were reversed by Bad, a molecule that counters the survival function of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L). When control and Bcl-x(L) cells of equivalent size and pyronin Y fluorescence were compared, the kinetics of cell cycle entry were similar, demonstrating that the ability of Bcl-x(L) and Bcl-2 cells to enhance G(0) arrest contributes significantly to cell cycle delay. Our data suggest that cell cycle effects and increased survival both result from intrinsic functions of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L).
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Yelena M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Janumyan
authors.forename: Courtney G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Sansam
authors.forename: Anuja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.forename: Ningli
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Erinn L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Soucie
authors.forename: Linda Z
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Penn
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: C Michael
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Knudson
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D003260:Contact Inhibition; D016193:G1 Phase; D007700:Kinetics; D016296:Mutagenesis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016192:Resting Phase, Cell Cycle; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein
chemical_list: C494821:Bad protein, rat; C494813:Bcl2l1 protein, rat; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein; D051020:bcl-X Protein