title: Dengue 2 PDK-53 virus as a chimeric carrier for tetravalent dengue vaccine development.
abstract: Attenuation markers of the candidate dengue 2 (D2) PDK-53 vaccine virus are encoded by mutations that reside outside of the structural gene region of the genome. We engineered nine dengue virus chimeras containing the premembrane (prM) and envelope (E) genes of wild-type D1 16007, D3 16562, or D4 1036 virus within the genetic backgrounds of wild-type D2 16681 virus and the two genetic variants (PDK53-E and PDK53-V) of the D2 PDK-53 vaccine virus. Expression of the heterologous prM-E genes in the genetic backgrounds of the two D2 PDK-53 variants, but not that of wild-type D2 16681 virus, resulted in chimeric viruses that retained PDK-53 characteristic phenotypic markers of attenuation, including small plaque size and temperature sensitivity in LLC-MK(2) cells, limited replication in C6/36 cells, and lack of neurovirulence in newborn ICR mice. Chimeric D2/1, D2/3, and D2/4 viruses replicated efficiently in Vero cells and were immunogenic in AG129 mice. Chimeric D2/1 viruses protected adult AG129 mice against lethal D1 virus challenge. Two tetravalent virus formulations, comprised of either PDK53-E- or PDK53-V-vectored viruses, elicited neutralizing antibody titers in mice against all four dengue serotypes. These antibody titers were similar to the titers elicited by monovalent immunizations, suggesting that viral interference did not occur in recipients of the tetravalent formulations. The results of this study demonstrate that the unique attenuation loci of D2 PDK-53 virus make it an attractive vector for the development of live attenuated flavivirus vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vector-Borne Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Fort Collins, Colorado 80522, USA. chuang1@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Claire Y-H
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Siritorn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Butrapet
authors.forename: Kiyotaka R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Natth
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bhamarapravati
authors.forename: Duane J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Gubler
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kinney
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling; D002460:Cell Line; D003715:Dengue / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C074932:prM protein, Flavivirus; C072281:E protein TH Sman, Dengue virus