title: SAGE analysis of transcriptome responses in Arabidopsis roots exposed to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene.
abstract: Serial analysis of gene expression was used to profile transcript levels in Arabidopsis roots and assess their responses to 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) exposure. SAGE libraries representing control and TNT-exposed seedling root transcripts were constructed, and each was sequenced to a depth of roughly 32,000 tags. More than 19,000 unique tags were identified overall. The second most highly induced tag (27-fold increase) represented a glutathione S-transferase. Cytochrome P450 enzymes, as well as an ABC transporter and a probable nitroreductase, were highly induced by TNT exposure. Analyses also revealed an oxidative stress response upon TNT exposure. Although some increases were anticipated in light of current models for xenobiotic metabolism in plants, evidence for unsuspected conjugation pathways was also noted. Identifying transcriptome-level responses to TNT exposure will better define the metabolic pathways plants use to detoxify this xenobiotic compound, which should help improve phytoremediation strategies directed at TNT and other nitroaromatic compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Drew R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Ekman
authors.forename: W Walter
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: Alan E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Przybyla
authors.forename: N Lee
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: Jeffrey F D
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dean
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D018745:Genome, Plant; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics; D009601:Nitroreductases / Q000235:genetics; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D014303:Trinitrotoluene / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D014303:Trinitrotoluene; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D009601:Nitroreductases; D005982:Glutathione Transferase