title: Modulation of the constitutive or cytokine-induced bronchial epithelial cell functions in vitro by fluticasone propionate.
abstract: When exposed to proinflammatory mediators, human bronchial epithelial cells (HBECs) upregulate the 'constitutive' adhesion molecule expression and cytokine/chemokine release. We tested whether and to what extent the inhibitory effect of fluticasone propionate on HBECs could involve the 'constitutive' and 'cytokine-induced' proinflammatory functions. Stimulation of the HBECs with interleukin (IL)-4 plus tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha was more effective in upregulating intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 ( approximately 2.2-fold increase) than vascular adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1 ( approximately 1.6-fold increase) expression (P<0.05) and in increasing the release of 'regulated on activation normal T cell expressed' (RANTES, 5.7-fold increase) than of IL-8 (3.5-fold increase) and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF, 2.8-fold increase), (P<0.01). Fluticasone propionate, at the two concentrations tested (10 and 100 nM), was more effective in inhibiting the 'IL-4 plus TNF-alpha-induced' ICAM-1 expression than VCAM-1 expression (P<0.05) and in downregulating RANTES than IL-8 or GM-CSF secretion (P<0.05). The degree of inhibition demonstrated by fluticasone propionate appeared to be related to the degree of cell activation. In addition, for both adhesion molecules, the effect of fluticasone propionate at both concentrations tested appeared to be related to a complete inhibition of 'IL-4 plus TNF-alpha-induced' expression with no involvement of the 'constitutive' expression. Slightly different results were observed for cytokine/chemokine release. Indeed, evaluating RANTES, a complete inhibition of the 'IL-4 plus TNF-alpha-induced' release with a partial inhibition also of the 'constitutive' release at both concentrations of the drug tested was found, whereas for GM-CSF and IL-8, only a partial inhibition of the 'IL-4 plus TNF-alpha-induced' release in the presence of fluticasone propionate 10 and 100 nM. Thus, HBECs can constitutively or upon activation express adhesion molecules and secrete proinflammatory proteins at various levels and the different ability of fluticasone propionate to modulate the HBEC functions appears to be mostly related to the different inhibition of the various 'IL-4 plus TNF-alpha-induced' responses.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Diseases Unit, G. Gaslini Institute, Largo G. Gaslini 5, 16147, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sabatini
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silvestri
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sale
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Serpero
authors.forename: Maria E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Raynal
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Di Blasi
authors.forename: Giovanni A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rossi
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects; D000068298:Fluticasone; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000730:Androstadienes; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; D000068298:Fluticasone