title: Acute coagulopathy after reperfusion of the liver graft in children correction with recombinant activated factor VII.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have proven that massive blood loss increases postoperative morbidity and mortality in liver graft recipients. Since we have successfully corrected coagulopathy preoperatively using an intravenous (IV) bolus of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) in 2 patients with fulminant liver failure, we observed that there was rapid reversal of preexisting advanced coagulopathy in another 40 patients with high risk for intraoperative bleeding by this treatment immediately before transplantation. Recently to control hemostasis we have administered rFVIIa also to patients presenting with acute coagulopathy and nonsurgical bleeding after graft reperfusion as described herein.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have used rFVIIa in 7 children presenting with severe coagulopathy and nonsurgical bleeding after liver graft reperfusion. The dosage of rFVIIa ranged between 37 and 148 mcg/kg. An antifibrinolytic agent (aprotinin, tranexamic acid) was administered simultaneously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  APTT before rFVIIa was 86.10 to 183 seconds, (mean, 132.1 +/- 39.88), after the bolus of rFVIIa 49.4 to 206.1 (mean, 112.7 +/- 58.53), and at the end of surgery 71.70 to 180 (mean, 110.3 +/- 40.98). INR after reperfusion was 1.82 to 3.91 (mean, 2.56 +/- 0.67), 1.03 to 1.92 (mean, 1.54 +/- 0.35) after rFVIIa, and 1.74 to 5.58 (mean, 2.64 +/- 1.35) at the end of surgery. Before rFVIIa administration intraoperative blood transfusions after graft reperfusion were 900 to 4200 mL of red blood cells (RBC) (0.82-5.4 total blood volume) and after reperfusion 0 to 1800 mL of RBC (0-2.5 TBV). No postoperative vascular complications were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single dose of rFVIIa effectively reverses the severe coagulopathy developing after graft reperfusion, establishing effective hemostasis in liver transplant recipients without an increased risk of thrombotic complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery and Organ Transplantation, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markiewicz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kalicinski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laniewski
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Drewniak
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szymczak
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nachulewicz
mesh_terms: D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D015942:Factor VIIa / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010314:Partial Thromboplastin Time; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015942:Factor VIIa