title: Patterns of beverage consumption during the transition stage of infant nutrition.
abstract: We describe beverage intakes during the transition stage of infant nutrition. Mean daily intakes of infant formula, cow's milk, combined juice and juice drinks, water, and other beverages estimated from a beverage frequency questionnaire were analyzed cross-sectionally at ages six through 24 months (n=701). Most children (97%) consumed human milk, infant formula, or cows' milk at each age studied. Mean daily intakes of combined infant formula and cows' milk declined from 28.0 oz at six months to 12.1 oz at 24 months. The percentage of children consuming juice and/or juice drinks increased with age, and mean daily consumption peaked at 9.1 oz at 20 months. Combined formula and cows' milk intakes were inversely associated with juice and juice drink intakes at all ages (-0.25 < r < 0; P<.01). Juice and juice drinks appear to replace formula and milk intakes during the transition stage of infant nutrition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA. teresa-marshall@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Teresa A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Broffitt
authors.forename: Julie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Eichenberger-Gilmore
authors.forename: Phyllis J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Stumbo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001628:Beverages / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004034:Diet Surveys; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food / Q000032:analysis; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D008895:Milk, Human; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014886:Weaning