title: Class III Twin Blocks: a case series.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of Class III Twin Blocks for the early treatment of Class III malocclusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 subjects were consecutively treated with a modified version of the Class III Twin Block appliance. Lateral cephalometric radiographs taken at the start and end of treatment were assessed digitally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of subjects was 10 years and mean treatment time was 6.6 months. The cephalometric analysis of changes during treatment shows proclination of the upper incisors [mean 5.1 degrees, SD 5.1], retroclination of the lower incisors [mean -4.5 degrees, SD 3.9], reduction in angle SNB [mean -1.3 degrees, SD 1.8] and an increase in the maxillary/ mandibular planes angle (mean 2.1 degrees, SD 2.2]. Average cephalometric digitizations and photographs of a clinical case are shown.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Class III Twin Blocks can be used successfully for early treatment of Class III malocclusion. A randomly allocated prospective study is required to fully evaluate the efficacy of this appliance.
authors.affiliation: Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Buckinghamshire, and John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK. Giles.Kidner@smh.nhs.uk
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kidner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: DiBiase
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: DiBiase
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000628:therapy*; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010155:Palatal Expansion Technique / Q000295:instrumentation; D012189:Retrospective Studies