Initial dose cascade of TTS fentanyl with proper adjuvant medications in cancer pain.
According to the three step-ladder analgesics in patients with cancer pain, adjuvant drugs are required for pain relief according to the pain character and also to reduce side effects of opioids. Pain clinicians sometimes want to decide to jump directly from naive and mild opioid to transdermal therapeutic system (TTS) fentanyl with less side effects. We investigated the safety, efficacy, and satisfaction of the patients of TTS fentanyl converting from opioid-naive and mild-opioid with adjuvant drug medications in related to dose cascade of TTS fentanyl. Both opioid-naive (n=3) and opioid-using (n=34) patients started with TTS fentanyl in the lowest available delivery rate (25 microg/hr) with rescue medication. A numeric rating scale (NRS, from 0=no pain to 10=worst pain imaginable), satisfaction of the patients with the transdermal therapy and side effects were recorded everyday during 29 days. Average reductions of NRS scores were 1.79 and 2.77, and the mean doses were 35.14 and 44.12 microg/hr on the 15th and 29th day, respectively. Reported level of satisfaction with the transdermal patch and generalized pain management were 'completely satisfied' and 'satisfied'. Frequent side effects were nausea, vomiting, and constipation. In conclusion, initial application of TTS fentanyl with proper adjuvant medications is effective, safe, and well tolerated.
Baik
Seong Wan
SW
Department of Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
Kim
Kyung Hoon
KH
Kim
Yong Chul
YC
Lee
Sang Chul
SC
Kim
Dong Ki
DK
Jung
Jae Eun
JE
D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D013997:Time Factors
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D005283:Fentanyl