title: Assessment of exposure to depleted uranium.
abstract: In most circumstances, measurement of uranium excreted in urine at known times after exposure is potentially the most sensitive method for determining the amount of depleted uranium (DU) incorporated. The problems associated with this approach are that natural uranium is always present in urine because of the ingestion of natural uranium in food and drink, and that the uncertainties in the intakes as assessed from excretion measurements can be quite large, because many assumptions concerning the exposure characteristics (time pattern of exposure, route of intake, chemical form, solubility, biokinetics within the body) must be made. Applying currently available methods and instruments for the measurement of uranium in urine samples, DU incorporations of levels relevant with respect to potential health hazards can be detected reliably, even a long time after exposure.
authors.affiliation: GSF-National Research Center for Environment and Health, Institute of Radiation Protection, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany. Roth@gsf.de
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Höllriegl
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schramel
mesh_terms: D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011848:Radioactive Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D011850:Radioactive Waste / Q000032:analysis*; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014501:Uranium / Q000145:classification* / Q000652:urine*; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D011848:Radioactive Pollutants; D011850:Radioactive Waste; D014501:Uranium