title: Lipid peroxidation during the hypersensitive response in potato in the absence of 9-lipoxygenases.
abstract: Hypersensitive cell death is an important defense reaction of plants to pathogen infection and is accompanied by lipid peroxidation processes. These may occur non-enzymatically by the action of reactive oxygen species or may be catalyzed by enzymes such as alpha-dioxygenases, lipoxygenases, or peroxidases. Correlative data showing increases in 9-lipoxygenase products in hyper-sensitively reacting cells have so far suggested that a large part of lipid peroxidation is mediated by a specific set of 9-lipoxygenases. To address the significance of 9-lipoxygenases for this type of pathogen response in potato, RNA interference constructs of a specific pathogen-induced potato 9-lipoxygenase were transferred to potato plants. Significantly reduced 9-lipoxygenase transcript levels were observed in transgenic plants after pathogen treatment. In addition, 9-lipoxygenase activity was hardly detectable, and levels of 9-lipoxygenase-derived oxylipins were reduced up to 12-fold after pathogen infection. In contrast to wild type plants, high levels of non-enzymatically as well as 13-lipoxygenase-derived oxylipins were present in 9-lipoxygenase-deficient plants. From this we conclude that during the normal hypersensitive response in potato, lipid peroxidation may occur as a controlled and directed process that is facilitated by the action of a specific 9-lipoxygenase. If 9-lipoxygenase-mediated formation of hydroperoxides is repressed, autoxidative lipid peroxidation processes and 13-lipoxygenase-mediated oxylipins synthesis become prominent. The unaltered timing and extent of necrosis formation suggests that the origin of lipid hydroperoxides does not influence pathogen-induced cell death in potato.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stress and Developmental Biology, Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, D-06120 Halle/Saale, Germany.
authors.forename: Cornelia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gobel
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Feussner
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rosahl
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012313:RNA; C117433:13-lipoxygenase; D008084:Lipoxygenase