title: Direct attachment of fibronectin to tresyl chloride-activated titanium.
abstract: The aim of this study was to bind fibronectin directly to a titanium surface treated with tresyl chloride (2,2,2-trifluoroethanesulfonyl chloride) for the development of a strong connection of a dental implant to subepithelial connective tissues and/or peri-implant epithelia. Basic terminal OH groups of mirror polished titanium were allowed to react with tresyl chloride at 37 degrees C for 2 days. The tresylated titanium disk was then immersed into a fibronectin/phosphate-buffered saline solution for 24 h at 37 degrees C. The activation reaction of the basic OH of titanium with tresyl chloride was confirmed by S2p, F1s, and O1s spectra using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and -O-S-O2- bonds using Fourier transform infrared reflection-absorption spectroscopy. After the reaction of fibronectin with titanium, the X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed the remarkable effect of the activation of terminal OH groups with the tresyl chloride treatment. The N1s peak derived from the attached fibronectin still remained after 60 s of argon-ion sputtering after tresyl chloride treatment. In contrast, the N1s peak of the specimen not treated with tresyl chloride almost disappeared after only 10 s of argon-ion etching. Fibronectin, a well-known cell-adhesive protein, could easily be attached to the titanium surface by use of the tresyl chloride activation technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, 2-870-1, Sakaecho-nishi, Matsudo, Chiba 271-8587, Japan. hayakawa@masact.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshinari
authors.forename: Kimiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nemoto
mesh_terms: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013450:Sulfones / Q000737:chemistry*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005353:Fibronectins; D013450:Sulfones; C032605:2,2,2-trifluoroethanesulfonyl chloride; D014025:Titanium