title: Shiftworkers in developing countries: health and well-being and supporting measures.
abstract: Developing countries currently represent approximately 79% of the world population. Living and working conditions in middle and low income countries are harder and worse than for workers in industrialized countries. In developing countries, workers usually face more dangerous workplaces and unhealthy environmental and occupational conditions than those of industrial countries. Shiftworkers can face even more difficulties, due to constraints caused by their working time and consequences on health. Occupational health actions oriented by health policies were implemented during the 1990s in several Asian countries and in Brazil. these actions are important to promote workers' health. The general aims of this report are: a) to discuss topics related to equity and health; b) to present the main items of international and Brazilian legislation for shiftworkers; and c) to review general and specific measures of occupational health for shiftworkers in developing countries. In order to have equity on health and well-being, supporting measures should encompass micro and macro improvements at local, regional and national levels. Governmental and non-governmental organizations, professional bodies, labor unions, research institutes, universities, technical schools and syndicates, would play important roles to achieve these goals.
authors.affiliation: University of São Paulo, School of Public Health, Dept Environmental Health, Avenida Dr. Arnaldo, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003906:Developing Countries; D006801:Humans; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D010561:Personnel Staffing and Scheduling / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance