title: [The clinical and laboratory diagnosis of sCJD and vCJD].
abstract: Clinical diagnosis of sporadic CJD is usually confirmed by a typical EEG pattern and an increased level of protein 14-3-3 in the CSF, with specificity of 74% and 84%, respectively. However, both these tests are often negative in vCJD patients. Recently MR imaging has substantially improved the diagnosis of sCJD and vCJD. In sCJD patients hyperintense signal in T2-weighted sequences was found to be present in the neostriatum (the caudate nucleus and putamen) with specificity of 93%, while in vCJD cases signal hyperintensity was found in pulvinar thalami. The "pulvinar sign" was evidenced to be highly sensitive (79%) and specific (100%) for the diagnosis of the latter form of CJD.
authors.affiliation: I Kliniki Neurologicznej Instytutu Psychiatrii i Neurologii w Warszawie.
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kulczycki
authors.forename: Wanda
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Łojkowska
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase