[Acute higher funghi mushroom poisoning and its treatment].
BACKGROUND
The various mushroom poisoning syndromes are summarised together with elements underlining uncertainty and lack of knowledge. For each of the classical syndromes concerned, classified in delays inferior or superior to 6 hours, the toxins and their mechanisms of action, the main mushrooms responsible, the symptoms and their treatment are all presented.
Characterised by early onset within 6 hours, these represent the majority of intoxications. There are 6 syndromes: gastro-intestinal (resinoid), muscarine (sudorien, cholinergic), pantherine (myco-atropine, anticholinergic), coprine (similar to the antabuse syndrome), narcotine (psilocybin, hallucinatory) and paxillus syndrome (exceptional).
Characterised by an onset after six hours, they regroup the phalloid syndrome that is responsible for 90 to 95% of deaths due to higher funghi mushrooms, the orellanine and gyromitrin syndrome and new syndromes identified over the past decade concerning acute renal failure with shorter onset than during the orellanine syndrome (Amanita proxima), erythermalgia (Clitocybe amoenolens), rhabdomyolysis (Tricholoma equestre) and central nervous system failure (Hapalopilus rutilans).
Saviuc
Philippe
P
Unité de toxicologie clinique, CHU de Grenoble (38). PSaviuc@chu-grnoble.fr
Flesch
Françoise
F
D000208:Acute Disease; D006801:Humans; D009145:Mushroom Poisoning / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013577:Syndrome; D013997:Time Factors