title: mAM facilitates conversion by ESET of dimethyl to trimethyl lysine 9 of histone H3 to cause transcriptional repression.
abstract: Methylation of histone tails plays an important role in chromatin structure and function. Previously, we reported that ESET/SETDB1 is a histone methyltransferase (HMTase). Here, we show that SETDB1 tightly associates with the human homolog of mAM, a murine ATFa-associated factor. Although recombinant ESET can methylate lysine 9 of histone H3 (H3-K9), its activity is severely compromised when compared to that of the ESET/mAM complex. mAM stimulates ESET enzymatic activity by increasing the Vmax and decreasing the Km. Importantly, mAM facilitates the ESET-dependent conversion of dimethyl H3-K9 to the trimethyl state both in vitro and in vivo. Chromatin-based transcription and ChIP analyses demonstrate that mAM enhances ESET-mediated transcriptional repression in a SAM-dependent manner, and this repression correlates with H3-K9 trimethylation at the promoter. Thus, our studies establish that promoter H3-K9 trimethylation is the cause of transcriptional repression and that mAM/hAM facilitates conversion of H3-K9 dimethyl to trimethyl by ESET/SETDB1.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Hengbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Woojin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Hediye
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Erdjument-Bromage
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chatton
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tempst
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Roeder
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004798:Enzymes / Q000494:pharmacology; D006367:HeLa Cells; D000076983:Histone Methyltransferases; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008239:Lysine / Q000737:chemistry; D008745:Methylation; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D011496:Protein Methyltransferases; D034622:RNA Interference; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D016622:Silver Staining; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: C408904:Atf7ip protein, mouse; D002843:Chromatin; D004798:Enzymes; D006657:Histones; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000076983:Histone Methyltransferases; D008780:Methyltransferases; D011496:Protein Methyltransferases; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D008239:Lysine