title: A reliability study of an instrument for measuring general practitioner consultation skills: the LIV-MAAS scale.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the reliability of a new tool, the LIV-MAAS, in assessing consultation competence in UK general practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  These were pilot studies, with small numbers of participants. Videoed general practitioner (GP) consultations were analysed by trained lay and professional raters, using the LIV-MAAS. The inter-rater reliabilities were assessed. Four videos were assessed by five raters in a pilot study. After this, 71 consultations from eight doctors were assessed by sets of three raters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inter-rater reliabilities and inter-consultation reliabilities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the pilot study, the estimated inter-rater reliability ranged from 0.69 (one rater) to 0.91 (five raters). For the main study, the estimated inter-rater reliability for the LIV-MAAS checklist using two raters was 0.71, and using three raters it was 0.78. Mean differences in reliability within each series of nine consultations were 0.20 (three raters) and 0.42 (two raters).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a measure of 'consultation competence', administered by trained raters (medical or lay) to real GP consultations, the LIV-MAAS instrument shows adequate reliability and stability but would benefit from considerable shortening. Further development of the LIV-MAAS and testing with larger samples are required.
authors.affiliation: Prescribing Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, UK.
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Enzer
authors.forename: Jude
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Maggie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Walley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008487:Medical History Taking / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D018802:Patient-Centered Care / Q000592:standards; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000592:standards*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom; D014743:Videotape Recording