title: Egr family members regulate nonlymphoid expression of Fas ligand, TRAIL, and tumor necrosis factor during immune responses.
abstract: The Fas ligand (FasL)/Fas pathway is crucial for homeostasis of the immune system and peripheral tolerance. Peripheral lymphocyte deletion involves FasL/Fas in at least two ways: coexpression of both Fas and its ligand on T cells, leading to activation-induced cell death, and expression of FasL by nonlymphoid cells, such as intestinal epithelial cells (IEC), that kill Fas-positive T cells. We demonstrate here that superantigen Staphylococcus enterotoxin B (SEB) induced a dramatic upregulation of FasL, TRAIL, and TNF mRNA expression and function in IEC from BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Using adoptive transfer in which CD4(+) T cells from OT-2 T-cell receptor transgenic mice were transferred into recipients, we observed an induction in IEC of FasL, TRAIL, and TNF mRNA after administration of antigen. Specific Egr-binding sites have been identified in the 5' promoter region of the FasL gene, and Egr-1, Egr-2, and Egr-3 mRNA in IEC from mice treated with SEB and from transgenic OT-2 mice after administration of antigen was upregulated. Overexpression of Egr-2 and Egr-3 induced endogenous ligand upregulation that was inhibited by overexpression of Egr-specific inhibitor Nab1. These results support a role for Egr family members in nonlymphoid expression of FasL, TRAIL, and TNF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cellular Immunology, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, California 92121, USA.
authors.forename: Nathalie M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Droin
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pinkoski
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dejardin
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Green
mesh_terms: D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D051767:Early Growth Response Protein 2; D051776:Early Growth Response Protein 3; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D015703:Antigens, CD; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497325:EGR1 protein, human; C497326:EGR2 protein, human; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D051767:Early Growth Response Protein 2; C486109:Egr1 protein, mouse; C497327:Egr2 protein, mouse; C497369:Egr3 protein, mouse; D004768:Enterotoxins; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C505658:Fasl protein, mouse; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C094815:NAB1 protein, human; C490624:Nab1 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505639:TNFRSF10B protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; C505640:Tnfrsf10b protein, mouse; C505654:Tnfsf10 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051776:Early Growth Response Protein 3; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal