title: Total sleep deprivation increases extracellular serotonin in the rat hippocampus.
abstract: Sleep deprivation exerts antidepressant effects after only one night of deprivation, demonstrating that a rapid antidepressant response is possible. In this report we tested the hypothesis that total sleep deprivation induces an increase in extracellular serotonin (5-HT) levels in the hippocampus, a structure that has been proposed repeatedly to play a role in the pathophysiology of depression. Sleep deprivation was performed using the disk-over-water method. Extracellular levels of 5-HT were determined in 3 h periods with microdialysis and measured by high performance liquid chromatography coupled with electrochemical detection. Sleep deprivation induced an increase in 5-HT levels during the sleep deprivation day. During an additional sleep recovery day, 5-HT remained elevated even though rats displayed normal amounts of sleep. Stimulus control rats, which had been allowed to sleep, did not experience a significant increased in 5-HT levels, though they were exposed to a stressful situation similar to slee-deprived rats. These results are consistent with a role of 5-HT in the antidepressant effects of sleep deprivation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, UCLA School of Medicine, NPI C8-846, 740 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. faustino@ucla.edu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lopez-Rodriguez
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Maidment
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Poland
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Engel
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D004576:Electromyography; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000378:metabolism*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012701:Serotonin