Effect of tamoxifen at low doses on ultrasensitive C-reactive protein in healthy women.
The use of tamoxifen as a breast cancer preventive agent may be contraindicated by an increased risk of endometrial cancer and venous thromboembolic events, particularly in postmenopausal women. Since these estrogenic effects may be dose-related, a dose reduction may reduce toxicity. We have recently shown a comparable activity of lower doses of tamoxifen on putative surrogate biomarkers of cardiovascular disease and breast cancer. To provide further insight into the effect of tamoxifen at low doses on the cardiovascular system, we compared the effect of three different doses on circulating levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), an independent risk marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD), which was lowered by tamoxifen at the standard dose of 20 mg day-1 in previous studies. We compared the changes in CRP after 2 months of either placebo (n = 24), or tamoxifen 10 mg alternate daily (n = 26), or 10 mg day-1 (n = 22), or 20 mg day-1 (n = 19) in healthy women aged 35-70 years. The median percent change was -2.2% (95% CI, -23.3 to 42.8) with placebo, -39.1 (95% CI, -59.9 to -28.7) with 10 mg alternate daily, -56.9% (95% CI, -68.6 to -38.4) with 10 mg day-1 and -42.9% (95% CI, -62.6 to 1.6) with 20 mg day-1 (P = 0.291 for the linear dose-response trend). Similar results were obtained when the data were classified according to blood tamoxifen concentrations, with a median reduction of 47% (95% CI, 65.5-36.3) for women with low tamoxifen concentrations (< 30 ng mL-1). We conclude that tamoxifen at low doses is able to lower ultrasensitive CRP and that this might be associated with a beneficial effect on CVD.
Bonanni
B
B
Division of Chemoprevention, European Institute of Oncology, via Ripamonti 435, 20141 Milan, Italy.
Johansson
H
H
Gandini
S
S
Guerrieri-Gonzaga
A
A
Sandri
M T
MT
Mariette
F
F
Lien
E A
EA
Decensi
A
A
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D010919:Placebos; D012307:Risk Factors; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D004967:Estrogens; D010919:Placebos; D013629:Tamoxifen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein