title: 36-month follow-up of 75 renal allograft recipients treated with steroids, tacrolimus, and azathioprine or mycophenolate mofetil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the incidence of acute rejection episodes (AR), diabetes mellitus (DM), and serum creatinine (SCr) among renal transplant recipients treated with tacrolimus (Tac), steroids (S), and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) or azathioprine (Aza).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five renal allograft recipients enrolled in the COSTAMP study were followed for a period of 3 years. Patients were randomized to receive either Tac and MMF (n = 41) or Tac and Aza (n = 34) concomitantly with steroids. Follow-up assessments were performed at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient survival at month 36 was 91.18% in the Tac/Aza/S group and 97.56% in the Tac/MMF/S group. Graft survival at month 36 was 82.35% and 85.37%, respectively. During the study period, 22 cases of biopsy-proven AR were diagnosed in 17 patients (22.6%). After 36 months the total number of AR was 11 in the Aza-treated group (32.4%) and 11 in the MMF-treated group (26.8%). DM was diagnosed de novo in 17 individuals (22.6%). During 36 months, 10 patients from Aza-treated group (29.4%) and seven from MMF-treated group developed DM (17.1%). Serum creatinine values were not significantly different in both arms of the study. Comparison of arterial blood pressure and total cholesterol revealed no significant changes in any of the studied groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that combinations of steroids, tacrolimus, and azathioprine or MMF provide good results with regard to renal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Transplant Medicine and Internal Diseases, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mucha
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Foroncewicz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Paczek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pazik
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lewandowska
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Krawczyk
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pliszczynski
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gradowska
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Durlik
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walaszewski
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nazarewski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szmidt
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000502:physiology; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003404:Creatinine; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D001379:Azathioprine; D016559:Tacrolimus