title: Responses to noxious stimuli in mice lacking alpha(1d)-adrenergic receptors.
abstract: Nociceptive behaviors were examined in the mice lacking alpha1d-adrenergic receptor (alpha1d-AR) and wild type littermates using tail-flick, hot-plate (hindpaw-licking and jumping), tail-pinch and formalin tests. The distribution of alpha1d-AR was studied using in situ hybridization in the wild type mice. Mutant mice showed longer tail-flick and hindpaw-licking latencies while their jumping latency was shorter. Mechanical and chemical nociception was not altered in alpha1d-knockout mice. In situ hybridization study revealed dense alpha1d-AR mRNA expression in the reticular thalamic nucleus, the hippocampus, the cingulate cortex and the spinal cord. These results suggest that alpha1d-AR in the spinal cord contributes to thermal pronociception; and that the jump behavior seen when escaping from heat is inhibited via the supraspinal alpha1d-AR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Harasawa
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Akito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanoue
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shinoura
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Namiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Murao
authors.forename: Gozoh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tsujimoto
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higa
authors.forename: Hiro-O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout / Q000502:physiology*; D010146:Pain / Q000378:metabolism*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011930:Reaction Time; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C547720:Adra1d protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1