title: A test of conversational and testimonial messages versus didactic presentations of nutrition information.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Conversational and testimonial approaches to presenting messages relevant to fruit and vegetable consumption were compared with a traditional didactic message.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Greco-Latin square, within-subjects experimental design was employed with 3 formats and 3 topics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one ethnically diverse adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Presented conversational, testimonial, and didactic nutrition messages.
  
  
  METHODS
  Believability, clarity, and perceived usefulness of messages presented; identification with sources in message; and self-efficacy with respect to produce consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of variance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Conversational formats were perceived as more believable than the control newsletter article. No differences were found with respect to clarity, usefulness, or self-efficacy. Identification with characters did significantly interact with message format in predicting the message assessment variables. However, the conversation and testimonial versions did not increase identification with persons in the message over the didactic presentation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Audience response to narrative messages is contingent upon identification with persons portrayed in the message. The results underscore the need for careful pretesting of involvement with the story and identification with persons portrayed to maximize the effectiveness of narrative messages in health interventions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Journalism and Technical Communication, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, Colorado 80523, USA. michael.slater@colostate.edu
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Buller
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Waters
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Archibeque
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D052756:Nutritional Sciences / Q000193:education*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D014675:Vegetables