title: NF-kappaB mediates inhibition of mesenchymal cell differentiation through a posttranscriptional gene silencing mechanism.
abstract: Cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), potently inhibit the differentiation of mesenchymal cells and down-regulate the expression of Sox9 and MyoD, transcription factors required for chondrocyte and myocyte development. Previously, we demonstrated that NF-kappaB controls TNFalpha-mediated suppression of myogenesis through a mechanism involving MyoD mRNA down-regulation. Here, we show that NF-kappaB also suppresses chondrogenesis and destabilizes Sox9 mRNA levels. Multiple copies of an mRNA cis-regulatory motif (5'-ACUACAG-3') are necessary and sufficient for NF-kappaB-mediated Sox9 and MyoD down-regulation. Thus, in response to cytokine signaling, NF-kappaB modulates the differentiation of mesenchymal-derived cell lineages via RNA sequence-dependent, posttranscriptional down-regulation of key developmental regulators.
authors.affiliation: Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Raquel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sitcheran
authors.forename: Patricia C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Cogswell
authors.forename: Albert S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Baldwin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D017570:MyoD Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D017570:MyoD Protein; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527933:Sox9 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors