title: Imaging gene expression using oligonucleotides and peptide nucleic acids.
abstract: The development of methods for non-invasive, real-time imaging of gene expression would provide powerful tools for biomedical research and medical diagnostics. A broadly applicable strategy for achieving this goal is the use of complementary oligonucleotide probes for recognition of mRNA. The major challenge for molecular imaging is the development of specific and efficient transducers for signaling probe-target interaction. This review summarizes the strengths and limitations of reported molecular approaches for imaging of mRNA expression and discusses the challenges to development of in vivo methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, Texas 75390-9041, USA.
authors.forename: Zain
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Paroo
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Corey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes / Q000737:chemistry*; D020135:Peptide Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D020135:Peptide Nucleic Acids; D012333:RNA, Messenger