title: Craniofacial dysmorphology and three-dimensional ultrasound: a prospective study on practicability for prenatal diagnosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to compare two-dimensional and three-dimensional ultrasound for the visualization and diagnosis of craniofacial dysmorphism.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study, we performed three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound following good-quality two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound in an at-risk population. Findings from 2D and 3D examination were noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our series included 41 patients. In 20 cases, 3D performed better than 2D, and in two cases 2D was more informative. In 9 cases, there was no difference between the performance of the two, and in two cases both 2D and 3D gave inadequate results. However, in 7 cases 3D images could not be obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although it is rarely decisive, 3D ultrasound is of interest when it comes to the precise description of craniofacial dysmorphisms and the study of the fetal ears.
authors.affiliation: Centre de diagnostic prénatal, CHU Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Raphaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mangione
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lacombe
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carles
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Guyon
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saura
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Horovitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology / Q000453:epidemiology; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal