title: Oral disorders of exotic ungulates.
abstract: There are many species classified as ungulates that possess a large variety of dental formulae and dental adaptations. Despite the diversity found within the ungulate group, the list of dental abnormalities remains short. Regardless of the contributing factors, cases of aveolitis accompanied by osteomyelitis ("lumpy jaw") occur more frequently than some of the other dental problems that are encountered in these species (fractures of tusks/canines, malocclusion, eruption cysts). Commonly, treatment of "lumpy jaw" requires exodontia with additional antibiotic therapy using a drug that is appropriate for the type of infection and the species of animal. Regardless of the dental abnormality, anesthetic, diagnostic, and treatment considerations typically provide the greatest challenge to the clinician in these cases.
authors.affiliation: Denver Zoological Gardens, 2300 Steele Street, Denver, CO 80205, USA. zoovet@denverzoo.org
authors.forename: Felicia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Knightly
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Emily
mesh_terms: D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D003729:Dental Care / Q000662:veterinary; D012418:Ruminants / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014070:Tooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*