title: Development of a virosome vaccine for Newcastle disease virus.
abstract: In an effort to protect chickens against Newcastle disease (ND), a nonreplicating virosome vaccine was produced by solubilization of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) with Triton X-100 followed by detergent removal with SM2 Bio-Beads. Biochemical analysis indicated that the NDV virosomes had similar characteristics as the parent virus and contained both the fusion and hemagglutinin-neuraminidase proteins. To target the respiratory tract, specific-pathogen-free chickens were immunized intranasally and intratracheally with the NDV virosome vaccine. This vaccine was compared with a standard NDV (LaSota) live-virus vaccine for commercial poultry. Seroconversion (> or = four fold increase in hemagglutination inhibition [HI] antibody titers) was achieved in all birds vaccinated with the virosome vaccine. Upon lethal challenge with a velogenic NDV strain (Texas GB), all birds receiving either vaccination method were protected against death. Antibody levels against NDV, as determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and HI titer, were comparable with either vaccine and increased after virus challenge. These results demonstrate the potential of virosomes as an effective tool for ND vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, USDA, 934 College Station Road, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
authors.forename: Darrell R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Kapczynski
authors.forename: Terrence M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Tumpey
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002645:Chickens; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D022721:Vaccines, Virosome / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D022721:Vaccines, Virosome; D014765:Viral Vaccines