title: Mitochondrial localization of superoxide dismutase is required for decreasing radiation-induced cellular damage.
abstract: We investigated the importance of mitochondrial localization of the SOD2 (MnSOD) transgene product for protection of 32D cl 3 hematopoietic cells from radiation-induced killing. Four plasmids containing (1) the native human copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/ZnSOD, SOD1) transgene, (2) the native SOD2 transgene, (3), the SOD2 transgene minus the mitochondrial localization leader sequence (MnSOD-ML), and (4) the SOD2 mitochondrial leader sequence attached to the active portion of the SOD1 transgene (ML-Cu/ZnSOD) were transfected into 32D cl 3 cells and subclonal lines selected by kanamycin resistance. Clonogenic in vitro radiation survival curves derived for each cell clone showed that Cu/ZnSOD- and MnSOD-ML-expressing clones had no increase in cellular radiation resistance (D0=0.89 +/- 0.01 and 1.08 +/- 0.02 Gy, respectively) compared to parent line 32D cl 3 (D0=1.15 +/- 0.11 Gy). In contrast, cell clones expressing either SOD2 or ML-Cu/ZnSOD were significantly radioresistant (D0=2.1 +/- 0.1 and 1.97 +/- 0.17 Gy, respectively). Mice injected intraesophageally with SOD2-plasmid/liposome (MnSOD-PL) complex demonstrated significantly less esophagitis after 35 Gy compared to control irradiated mice or mice injected intraesophageally with Cu/ZnSOD-PL or MnSOD-ML-PL. Mice injected with intraesophageal ML-Cu/ZnSOD-PL showed significant radioprotection in one experiment. The data demonstrate the importance of mitochondrial localization of SOD in the in vitro and in vivo protection of cells from radiation-induced cellular damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Epperly
authors.forename: Joan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gretton
authors.forename: Christine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Sikora
authors.forename: Mia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jefferson
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernarding
authors.forename: Suhua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Joel S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Greenberger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004947:Esophagus / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000528:radiation effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: D013482:Superoxide Dismutase