title: Efflux of human and mouse amyloid beta proteins 1-40 and 1-42 from brain: impairment in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Brain to blood transport is believed to be a major determinant of the amount of amyloid beta protein (AbetaP) found in brain. Impaired efflux has been suggested as a mechanism by which AbetaP can accumulate in the CNS and so lead to Alzheimer's disease (AD). To date, however, no study of the efflux of the form of AbetaP most relevant to AD, AbetaP1-42, has been conducted, even though a single amino acid substitution in AbetaP can greatly alter efflux. Here, we examined the efflux of AbetaP mouse1-42, mouse1-40, human1-42, and human1-40 in young CD-1, young senesence accelerated mouse (SAM) P8, and aged SAMP8 mice. The SAMP8 mouse with aging spontaneously overproduces AbetaP and develops cognitive impairments reversed by AbetaP-directed antibody or phosphorothioate antisense oligonucleotide. CD-1 mice transported all forms of AbetaP, although mouse1-42 and human1-40 were transported faster than the other forms. There was a decrease in the saturable transport of mouse1-42 in SAMP8 mice regardless of age. Efflux of mouse1-40 and human1-42 was only by a non-saturable mechanism in young SAMP8 mice and their efflux was totally absent in aged SAMP8 mice. These differences in the efflux of the various forms of AbetaP among the three groups of mice supports the hypothesis that impaired efflux is an important factor in the accumulation of AbetaP in the CNS.
authors.affiliation: Geriatrics Research Educational and Clinical Center, Veterans Affairs Medical Center-St. Louis and Division of Geriatrics, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63106, USA. bankswa@slu.edu
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Banks
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Morley
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D001769:Blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D008818:Mice, Neurologic Mutants; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology*; D011869:Radioligand Assay; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C078592:amyloid beta-protein (1-40); C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42)