title: In vitro antimicrobial activity of moxifloxacin compared to other quinolones against recent clinical bacterial isolates from hospitalized and community-based cancer patients.
abstract: The in vitro spectrum of moxifloxacin (a C-8-methoxyquinolone) was compared to that of ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin against 924 recent clinical isolates from cancer patients. Moxifloxacin was more active than the comparator agents against Gram-positive pathogens, with potent activity against Aerococcus spp., Listeria monocytogenes, Micrococcus spp., Rhodococcus equi, and Stomatococcus mucilaginous, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus spp., all beta hemolytic streptococci, viridans streptococci and Streptococcus pneumoniae. It also had good to moderate activity against Bacillus spp., Corynebacterium spp., Enterococcus faecalis, and methicillin-resistant staphylococci. Although ciprofloxacin was the most active agent tested against the Enterobacteriaceae, moxifloxacin inhibited the majority of these isolates at < or =2.0 microg/ml. Moxifloxacin was the least active of the three agents tested against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, but had significant activity against other non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli including Acinetobacter spp., Flavobacterium spp., Pseudomonas spp. other than P. aeruginosa, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. The overall broad spectrum of moxifloxacin, and its availability for both oral and parenteral administration, warrants its evaluation for the prevention and treatment of infections in cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA. krolston@mail.mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Kenneth V I
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Rolston
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Frisbee-Hume
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: LeBlanc
authors.forename: Harriet
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Streeter
authors.forename: Dah Hsi
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ho
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000382:microbiology*; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D000077266:Moxifloxacin