title: Hormonal function and proliferative activity of thymic cells in humans: immunocytochemical correlations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The immunocytochemical study of the localization of hormones in thymic cells has been performed to clarify possible correlations of their expression with proliferative activity of thymocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used commercial antibodies to serotonin, melatonin, somatostatin, glucagon, gastrin, beta-endorphin and histamine, and ABP or BSP kits for visualization of reaction. Computer image analysis was used to find correlations between hormone production and proliferative activity of thymocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Different subpopulations of thymocytes are able to produce hormones: precursors of T-lymphocytes (CD4-CD8-) contain serotonin and melatonin, immature cortical cells (CD4+CD8+) produce only serotonin, mature medullar cells (CD4+CD8-) show immunoreactivity to serotonin, melatonin, beta-endorphin and histamine. The expression of serotonin, somatostatin and gastrin is localized in thymic epithelial cells, formatting Gassal's bodies. Proliferative activity of thymocytes depends from the expression of serotonin and somatostatin in thymic cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data received testify the expression of different hormones in human thymic cells and showing by this fact high endocrine activity of thymus. The presence of correlations between hormonal expression and cell proliferative activity could be considered as the bright illustration of important role of neuroimmunoendocrine mechanisms in the regulation of local thymic homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Ott Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, St. Petersburg, Russia. kvetnoy@gerontology.ru
authors.forename: Igor M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Kvetnoy
authors.forename: Victoria O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Polyakova
authors.forename: Alexander V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Trofimov
authors.forename: Vadim V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Yuzhakov
authors.forename: Alexander A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Yarilin
authors.forename: Emma S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Kurilets
authors.forename: Ludmila N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Mikhina
authors.forename: Nina I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Sharova
authors.forename: Maria F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Nikonova
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000378:metabolism; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D012701:Serotonin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D012701:Serotonin; D013004:Somatostatin