Intravascular volume depletion in a 24-hour porcine model of intra-abdominal hypertension.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of the study was to examine hemodynamic parameters and intravascular volume in a porcine model in the presence of intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) lasting for 24 hours.


METHODS
Twelve pigs (52.5 +/- 4.9 kg) were studied over a period of 24 hours. In six animals, the intra-abdominal pressure was increased to 30 mm Hg via carbon dioxide-pneumoperitoneum. The others served as controls. Using the double-indicator dilution technique, intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV), total circulating blood volume, and cardiac output (CO) were measured. Standard parameters (e.g., central venous pressure [CVP]), were also recorded.


RESULTS
In the presence of IAH, ITBV and total circulating blood volume were significantly reduced to 55% and 67% of control values. CO decreased to 27% and CVP increased fourfold.


CONCLUSIONS
IAH leads to significant intravascular volume depletion that is not reflected by the CVP. Assessment of CO and ITBV in the presence of a critically increased intra-abdominal pressure is therefore recommended.
Schachtrupp
Alexander
A
Department of Surgery, Rhenish-Westphalian Technical University of Aachen, Aachen, Germany. alexander.schachtrupp@post.rwth-aachen.de
Graf
Juergen
J
Tons
Christian
C
Hoer
Joerg
J
Fackeldey
Volker
V
Schumpelick
Volker
V
D000005:Abdomen; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001810:Blood Volume; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology; D002496:Central Venous Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D013552:Swine
D002245:Carbon Dioxide