title: Characterization of a bovine collagen-hydroxyapatite composite scaffold for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: Different biomaterials have been used as scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. Here we characterize a biomaterial composed of sintered (1100 degrees C) and powdered hydroxyapatite (HA) and type I collagen (Coll), both of bovine origin, designed for osteoconductive and osteoinductive scaffolds. Coll/HA proportions were 1/2.6 and 1/1 (wet weight), and particles sizes varied from 200 to 400 microm. Vv (volume density) and Sv (surface to volume density) for the HA particles in the composite ranged from 0.48 +/- 0.06 to 0.55 +/- 0.02 and 5.090 +/- 0.545 to 6.366 +/- 0.289 microm(-1), respectively. Due to the relatively small changes in Vv and Sv, a macroporosity could be characterized for the biocomposite. X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy showed that the sintered bone was composed essentially of HA with minimum additional groups such as surface calcium hydroxide, surface and crystal water, free carbon dioxide and possibly brushite. Mass spectrometry detected carbonates at A and B sites of HA, and weakly bound to the structure. Human osteoblasts adhered and spread on both the HA particle surface and the collagen fibers, which seemed to guide cells between adjacent particles. The biocomposite studied has several characteristics considered as ideal for its use as a scaffold for osteoconduction and osteoinduction.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, COPPE, UFRJ, 21945-970 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: C V M
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Serricella
authors.forename: A B R
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Linhares
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Guerdes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Borojevic
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: M E L
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Farina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008420:Manufactured Materials; D008422:Materials Testing; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D011208:Powders / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D024042:Collagen Type I; D011208:Powders; D017886:Durapatite