title: Ancient maize from Chacoan great houses: where was it grown?
abstract: In this article, we compare chemical (87Sr/86Sr and elemental) analyses of archaeological maize from dated contexts within Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, to potential agricultural sites on the periphery of the San Juan Basin. The oldest maize analyzed from Pueblo Bonito probably was grown in an area located 80 km to the west at the base of the Chuska Mountains. The youngest maize came from the San Juan or Animas river floodplains 90 km to the north. This article demonstrates that maize, a dietary staple of southwestern Native Americans, was transported over considerable distances in pre-Columbian times, a finding fundamental to understanding the organization of pre-Columbian southwestern societies. In addition, this article provides support for the hypothesis that major construction events in Chaco Canyon were made possible because maize was brought in to support extra-local labor forces.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Geological Survey, 3215 Marine Street, Boulder, CO 80303, USA. lbenson@usgs.gov
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cordell
authors.forename: Kirk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: G Lang
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: Kiyoto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Futa
mesh_terms: D001106:Archaeology; D002980:Climate; D005843:Geography; D009516:New Mexico; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D013324:Strontium / Q000032:analysis; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014867:Water; D013324:Strontium