Classification systems for upper-limb musculoskeletal disorders in workers: a review of the literature.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to provide a review of the available classification systems and to describe the similarities and differences in the structure of these systems.


METHODS
Classification systems of upper limb musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) were located via electronic database searches and researchers' files. The classification systems were compared on the disorders they described and on the criteria presented for each disorder.


RESULTS
Twenty-seven classification systems were found after title, abstract, or full article review of 1671 articles. The systems differed in the disorders they included, the labels used to identify the disorders, and the criteria used to describe the disorders.


CONCLUSIONS
Twenty-seven classification systems were found that described disorders of the muscle, tendon, or nerve that may be caused or aggravated by work. No two systems were the same.
Institute for Work & Health, 481 University Avenue, Suite 800, Toronto, ON M5G 2E9, Canada. dvaneerd@iwh.on.ca
Dwayne
D
Van Eerd
Dorcas
D
Beaton
Donald
D
Cole
Julie
J
Lucas
Sheilah
S
Hogg-Johnson
Claire
C
Bombardier
D006801:Humans; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D034941:Upper Extremity