Using clinical outcomes to identify expert physical therapists.
OBJECTIVE
Previous studies of expert physical therapists have sampled therapists based on years of clinical experience or reputation, not on their patients' clinical outcomes. The purposes of this study were to identify expert physical therapists by using patient self-reported outcomes and to describe the characteristics of clinicians whose patients with lumbar spine syndromes reported higher health-related quality of life (HRQL) following rehabilitation.


METHODS
Retrospective data were analyzed on 24276 patients (mean age=47.8 years, SD=16, range=14-97) with lumbar spine syndromes treated by 930 physical therapists participating in the Focus On Therapeutic Outcomes database in 1999-2000. Physical therapists and staff answered questions concerning years of experience and practice setting when starting their participation in the outcomes system. Patient self-report HRQL data were collected at intake and discharge from outpatient rehabilitation. Discharge HRQL data were risk adjusted using patient characteristics. Data were aggregated by physical therapist. Risk-adjusted discharge HRQL scores were used to classify physical therapists whose patients reported mean HRQL improvement above the 90th percentile as experts and physical therapists whose patients reported mean HRQL improvement between the 45th and 55th percentiles as average.


RESULTS
Therapists classified as expert had fewer patients in the database than did therapists classified as average (mean SD) (19 +/-17 versus 29 +/-22). Mean treatment duration was different between groups (32 +/- 11 days for the expert group versus 31+/-8 days for the average group).


CONCLUSIONS
The results challenge assumptions that extensive clinical experience is necessary to achieve superior patient outcomes, and they provide information about the relationship between therapist characteristics and patient outcomes.
Resnik
Linda
L
Center for Gerontology and Health Care Research, Brown University, 2 Stimson Ave, Providence, RI 02912, USA. linda_resnik@brown.edu
Hart
Dennis L
DL
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002568:Certification; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002983:Clinical Competence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D026761:Physical Therapy Specialty / Q000592:standards*; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020379:Risk Adjustment