Occupational groups at risk of voice disorders: a review of the literature.
BACKGROUND
Occupational voice health is becoming more important as more people rely on their voices for their work. A number of studies have identified certain occupational groups at increased risk of developing occupational voice disorders, namely teachers, singers and aerobics instructors. Aim The paper aims to review the literature on occupational groups at risk of voice disorders and identify areas for future research.


METHODS
A literature review of key databases using key words such as 'occupational', 'voice health', 'voice loss', 'dysphonia' and 'work related' was undertaken.


RESULTS
The review identified case reports, studies of attendees at hospital voice clinics and a few cross-sectional studies of occupational groups in the workplace. There were no longitudinal studies found or intervention studies looking at reduction of risk.


CONCLUSIONS
Further research on occupational voice disorders needs to be based in the workplace, and to look at the risk factors for the development of voice problems and for the efficacy of controls.
Head of EMAS, Health & Safety Executive, 1 Hagley Road, Birmingham B16 8HS, UK.
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Williams
D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009146:Music; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D009790:Occupations; D012307:Risk Factors; D013663:Teaching; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology*