Reduced left hemispheric white matter volume in twins with bipolar I disorder.
BACKGROUND
Although the heritability of bipolar I disorder (BPI) is high, few magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies of siblings of bipolar patients exist. We performed MRI brain scans on a nationwide sample of twins with BPI, as well as on their co-twins and a demographically balanced sample of control twin subjects, to detect any structural alterations related to the disorder and to the increased genetic risk.


METHODS
The National Hospital Discharge Register, National Population Register, and Finnish Twin Cohorts were used to identify bipolar twins. Structured diagnostic interviews and MRI scans were obtained for 24 twins with BPI, 15 healthy co-twins, and 27 control twin subjects.


RESULTS
Patients and co-twins showed a significant decrease in left hemispheric white matter volume. The disparity in patients was -16.1 cm(3) (95% confidence interval [CI] -26.6, -5.6) and in co-twins -11.3 cm(3) (95% CI -22.1, -0.4) compared with control twin subjects. No gray matter decrease was seen in patients or co-twins.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this first large-scale MRI study of twins with BPI, their co-twins, and appropriate control twin subjects, suggest that alterations of the left hemisphere white matter in BPI may reflect genetic factors predisposing to the disorder.
Kieseppä
Tuula
T
Department of Mental Health and Alcohol Research, University of Helsinki, Finland.
van Erp
Theo G M
TG
Haukka
Jari
J
Partonen
Timo
T
Cannon
Tyrone D
TD
Poutanen
Veli-Pekka
VP
Kaprio
Jaakko
J
Lönnqvist
Jouko
J
D000328:Adult; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D007839:Functional Laterality; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012042:Registries