Botulinum toxin for spasmodic dysphonia.
Botulinum toxin is the accepted method of managing SD and has given most patients with adductor SD the ability to develop satisfactory vocal function. Results have been less satisfactory in abductor SD. Management is accomplished best with a team approach. The physiatrist with experience in EMG and botulinum toxin usage can be a prominent member of this team.
Rodriquez
Arthur A
AA
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, c/o Gail Wise (Mail Stop 117-RCS), VA Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA.
D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*
D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D001905:Botulinum Toxins