Recombinant paramyxovirus type 1-avian influenza-H7 virus as a vaccine for protection of chickens against influenza and Newcastle disease.
Current vaccines to prevent avian influenza rely upon labor-intensive parenteral injection. A more advantageous vaccine would be capable of administration by mass immunization methods such as spray or water vaccination. A recombinant vaccine (rNDV-AIV-H7) was constructed by using a lentogenic paramyxovirus type 1 vector (Newcastle disease virus [NDV] B1 strain) with insertion of the hemagglutinin (HA) gene from avian influenza virus (AIV) A/chicken/NY/13142-5/94 (H7N2). The recombinant virus had stable insertion and expression of the H7 AIV HA gene as evident by detection of HA expression via immunofluorescence in infected Vero cells. The rNDV-AIV-H7 replicated in 9-10 day embryonating chicken eggs and exhibited hemagglutinating activity from both NDV and AI proteins that was inhibited by antisera against both NDV and AIV H7. Groups of 2-week-old white Leghorn chickens were vaccinated with transfectant NDV vector (tNDV), rNDV-AIV-H7, or sterile allantoic fluid and were challenged 2 weeks later with viscerotropic velogenic NDV (vvNDV) or highly pathogenic (HP) AIV. The sham-vaccinated birds were not protected from vvNDV or HP AIV challenge. The transfectant NDV vaccine provided 70% protection for NDV challenge but did not protect against AIV challenge. The rNDV-AIV-H7 vaccine provided partial protection (40%) from vvNDV and HP AIV challenge. The serologic response was examined in chickens that received one or two immunizations of the rNDV-AIV-H7 vaccine. Based on hemagglutination inhibition and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) tests, chickens that received a vaccine boost seroconverted to AIV H7, but the serologic response was weak in birds that received only one vaccination. This demonstrates the potential for NDV for use as a vaccine vector in expressing AIV proteins.
USDA-ARS, Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605-2195, USA. dswayne@seprl.usda.gov
D E
DE
Swayne
D L
DL
Suarez
S
S
Schultz-Cherry
T M
TM
Tumpey
D J
DJ
King
T
T
Nakaya
P
P
Palese
A
A
Garcia-Sastre
D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000821:virology; D002645:Chickens; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines