Preconditioning protects the guinea-pig urinary bladder against ischaemic conditions in vitro.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the ability of ischaemic preconditioning (IPC) to protect guinea-pig detrusor from damage caused by a subsequent more prolonged exposure to ischaemic conditions.


METHODS
Smooth muscle strips were mounted for tension recording in small organ baths continuously superfused with Krebs' solution at 37 degrees C. Ischaemia was mimicked by removing oxygen and glucose from the superfusing solution. Contractile responses to electrical field stimulation (EFS) and carbachol were monitored. Three regimes of preconditioning were examined: 15, 10, and 5 min of ischaemic conditions followed by 15, 10, and 5 min of normal conditions, respectively.


RESULTS
Without preconditioning, nerve-mediated responses were significantly and proportionally reduced by periods of ischaemic conditions lasting for 45, 60, and 90 min, but recovered fully after exposure to ischaemic conditions for 30 min. The recovery of the responses to EFS was significantly improved in preconditioned strips when the period of ischaemic conditions was 45 or 60 min. However, no significant differences were seen with preconditioning when the period of ischaemic conditions was 90 min. The recovery of responses to carbachol was much greater than for the responses to EFS, and no significant differences were found between control and preconditioned strips.


CONCLUSIONS
It is suggested that in vivo short periods of transient ischaemia may be able to protect the guinea-pig bladder from the impairment associated with longer periods of ischaemia and reperfusion, which might happen in obstructed micturition. Our results also indicate that the phenomenon affects mainly the intrinsic nerves, which are more susceptible to ischaemic damage than the smooth muscle.
University Department of Pharmacology, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Bruno
B
Lorenzi
Gordon
G
McMurray
Gavin
G
Jarvis
Alison F
AF
Brading
D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008297:Male; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000098:blood supply*
D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D002217:Carbachol