E-selectin, L-selectin, ICAM-1 and IL-6 concentrations changes in the serum of patients with hyperthyroidism in the early period of radioiodine I-131 therapy.
BACKGROUND
Among cytokines- interleukins: -6 and -8 (IL-6, IL-8) and E-selectin (E-sel.), L-selectin (L-sel.) and intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) are the most important links in the initiation of the inflammatory process. Taking into account that the inflammatory process is the basic stage of effective radioiodine therapy, we tried to compare the behaviour of the initial inflammatory factors in the early period of I-131 therapy (RAI) of hyperthyroidism. The aim of the study was to estimate the behaviour of IL-6, ICAM-1, E-selectin and L-selectin concentrations in the serum of patients with hyperthyroidism before and during I-131 therapy.


METHODS
The groups of 26 patients with Graves' disease (GD) and 18 patients with toxic nodular goiter (TNG), aged 34-77, were studied. Control group (C) consisted of 10 healthy volunteers. For estimation of thyroid function serum concentrations of TSH, free T4 and free T3 were measured by IRMA or RIA kits (Polatom, Poland). IL-6, ICAM-1, E-selectin and L-selectin serum concentrations were determined using ELISA method by Bender kits (USA). Blood samples for all estimations were taken 10-12 days before and in 6th week after I-131 administration. Treatment dose of radioiodine was calculated, basing on modified equation for absorbed dose.


RESULTS
Compared to control, no statistical differences in the levels of E-selectin (C--44.4 +/- 11 ng/ml) and L-selectin (C--842 +/- 168.9 ng/ml) were observed before treatment in the patients with GD (E-sel.--59.8 +/- 19.6 ng/ml; L-sel.--1288.2 +/- 273.5 ng/ml) and with TNG (E-sel.--61.5 +/- 18.4 ng/ml, L-sel.--1247.0 +/- 273.5 ng/ml) as well as in the 6th week after I-131 administration; values in GD group were: E-sel.--57.3 +/- 19.5 ng/ml, L-sel.--1142.4 +/- 193.4 ng/ml; in TNG group: E-sel.--62.1 +/- 20.6 ng/ml, L-sel.--1113.5 +/- 236.3 ng/ml. In comparison to control there was no difference in initial IL-6 levels either in GD or in TNG group, but a statistically important decrease was observed in the 6th week after I-131 administration in GD patients (C--2.07 +/- 0.2 ng/ml v. 1.79 +/- 0.16 ng/ml). ICAM-1 serum concentrations before treatment were elevated compared to control group (C--190.2 +/- 34.7 ng/ml) in both groups (GD--263.6 +/- 24.6 ng/ml, p < 0.05; TNG--251.4 +/- 36.1 ng/ml, p < 0.05). In GD patients a statistically significant increase of ICAM-1 was observed in the 6th week (301.1 +/- 33.2 ng/ml, p < 0.05) of RAI whereas in TNG group there was no statistical difference compared to initial values (249.7 +/- 42.6 ng/ml, N.S.).


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that ICAM-1 and IL-6 may be important factors in the estimation of the inflammatory processes in the thyroid gland during radioiodine therapy, especially GD disease. E- and L-selectins seem to be not helpful in the monitoring of the thyroid inflammatory changes during the early period of I-131 therapy.
Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University, Białystok, Poland. jurgiele@amb.edu.pl
Dorota H
DH
Jurgilewicz
Franciszek
F
Rogowski
Urszula
U
Łebkowska
Anna
A
Citko
Ewa
E
Jaroszewicz
Adam
A
Parfieńczyk