Changes in spinal GDNF, BDNF, and NT-3 expression after transient spinal cord ischemia in the rat.
Previous studies have demonstrated that the expression of several growth factors including glial cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), brain-derived growth factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) play an important role in defining neuronal survival after brain ischemia. In the present study, using a well-defined model of transient spinal ischemia in rat, we characterized the changes in spinal GDNF, BDNF, and NT-3 expression as defined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and immunofluorescence coupled with deconvolution microscopy. In control animals, baseline levels of GDNF, BDNF, and NT-3 (74 +/- 22, 3,600 +/- 270, 593 +/- 176 pg/g tissue, respectively) were measured. In the ischemic group, 6 min of spinal ischemia resulted in a biphasic response with increases in tissue GDNF and BDNF concentrations at the 2-hr and 72-hr points after ischemia. No significant differences in NT-3 concentration were detected. Deconvolution analysis revealed that the initial increase in tissue GDNF concentration corresponded to a neuronal upregulation whereas the late peak seen at 72 hr corresponded with increased astrocyte-derived GDNF synthesis. Increased expression of BDNF was seen in neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes. These data suggest that the early increase in neuronal GDNF/BDNF expression likely modulates neuronal resistance/recovery during the initial period of postischemic reflow. Increased astrocyte-derived BDNF/GDNF expression corresponds with transient activation of astrocytes and may play an active role in neuronal plasticity after non-injurious intervals of spinal ischemia.
Tokumine
Joho
J
Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Japan.
Kakinohana
Osamu
O
Cizkova
Dasa
D
Smith
Doug W
DW
Marsala
Martin
M
D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D008297:Male; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D020933:Neurotrophin 3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020760:Spinal Cord Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; C495041:Gdnf protein, rat; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D020933:Neurotrophin 3