Differential expression and regulation of IL-23 and IL-12 subunits and receptors in adult mouse microglia.
IL-23 and IL-12 are functionally related heterodimeric cytokines that share the IL-12p40 subunit. IL-23 and IL-12 function through heterodimeric receptors, which share the IL-12Rbeta1 subunit. Production of IL-23, a heterodimer of IL-12p40 and IL-23p19, by CNS antigen-presenting cells (APC) is critical for susceptibility to experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the animal model for multiple sclerosis (MS). We report that the expression of IL-23p19 mRNA is highly induced by stimulation with IFN-gamma and LPS in adult mouse microglia and a microglia cell line, EOC13. Expression of the IL-12R subunits, IL-12Rbeta1 and IL-12Rbeta2, is upregulated in both microglia and splenic macrophages upon stimulation with LPS or IFN-gamma and LPS, whereas the IL-23R subunit is upregulated only in macrophages. In EAE, an early peak of IL-23p19 mRNA expression is found in CD11b(+) CNS APC, compared with peripheral macrophages. In contrast, IL-12p40 and IL-12p35 mRNA maximum levels in the CNS are detected at peak of disease. The expression of IL-12p35 mRNA is more sustained than that of IL-12p40 and IL-23p19. Thus, IL-23 produced by CNS microglia/macrophages may contribute to the early induction of EAE. In the CNS, IL-23 may preferentially target infiltrating mononuclear cells, which upregulate IL-23R, rather than parenchymal microglia.
Li
Jifen
J
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Gran
Bruno
B
Zhang
Guang Xian
GX
Ventura
Elvira S
ES
Siglienti
Ines
I
Rostami
Abdolmohamad
A
Kamoun
Malek
M
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D053759:Interleukin-23; D053760:Interleukin-23 Subunit p19; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017628:Microglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D053707:Receptors, Interleukin-12
C508841:Il23a protein, mouse; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D053759:Interleukin-23; D053760:Interleukin-23 Subunit p19; D007378:Interleukins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053707:Receptors, Interleukin-12; D018664:Interleukin-12