Use of botulinum toxin type A and type B for spasticity in upper and lower limbs.
BT is likely effective in controlling spasticity in the smaller muscles of the arm and hand, although there has been only one large controlled trial. For lower limb spasticity, the outcomes are more mixed. No large randomized, controlled trials have been done, and the larger size of the muscles results in a decreased ability to treat widespread spasticity. For more focal treatment in the legs and feet, however, and when combined with other denervating agents or physical modalities, BT is probably effective. Careful analysis is warranted before performing any chemodenervation on a limb muscle or muscles.
Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, 1959 NE Pacific Street, Box 356490, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. krbell@u.washington.edu
Kathleen R
KR
Bell
Faren
F
Williams
D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D034941:Upper Extremity
D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; C096323:rimabotulinumtoxinB; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A