Regulation of MAP kinase signaling modules by scaffold proteins in mammals.
The mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) group of serine/threonine protein kinases mediates the response of cells to many extracellular stimuli such as cytokines and growth factors. These protein kinases include the extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases (ERK) and two stress-activated protein kinases (SAPK), the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK), and the p38 MAPK. The enzymes are evolutionarily conserved and are activated by a common mechanism that involves a protein kinase cascade. Scaffold proteins have been proposed to interact with MAPK pathway components to create a functional signaling module and to control the specificity of signal transduction. Here we critically evaluate the evidence that supports a physiologically relevant role of MAPK scaffold proteins in mammals.
Morrison
Deborah K
DK
Regulation of Cell Growth Laboratory, NCI-Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, Maryland 21702, USA. dmorrison@ncifcrf.gov
Davis
Roger J
RJ
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D019390:Arrestins / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003285:Contractile Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D054637:Dual-Specificity Phosphatases; D064448:Filamins; D006801:Humans; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D008322:Mammals / Q000378:metabolism; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000071557:beta-Arrestins
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D019390:Arrestins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003285:Contractile Proteins; D064448:Filamins; C485425:LAMTOR3 protein, human; C490666:MAPK8IP1 protein, human; C490665:Mapk8ip protein, mouse; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D000071557:beta-Arrestins; D011494:Protein Kinases; C097199:KSR-1 protein kinase; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; C482576:MAP3K1 protein, human; C482578:Map3k1 protein, mouse; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; C107523:DUSP7 protein, human; D054637:Dual-Specificity Phosphatases; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases