Conjugated linoleic acids alter the fatty acid composition and physical properties of egg yolk and albumen.
Effects of dietary conjugated linoleic acids (CLAs) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the fatty acid composition of different egg compartments after storage were studied. Four dietary treatments [supplemented with safflower oil (SAFF, control group), DHA, CLAs plus DHA (CAD), and CLAs alone] were administered to Single Comb White Leghorn (SCWL) laying hens. Eggs from the different treatment groups were collected and stored for 10 weeks at 4 degrees C before analysis. Fatty acids from the yolk (yolk granules and plasma), egg albumen, and vitelline membrane were analyzed by gas chromatography. The yolk of eggs from hens given CLAs had significantly higher amounts of saturated fatty acids, typically 16:0 and 18:0, but lower amounts of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) compared to eggs from the control group (SAFF). CLA content was highest in the yolk and present in both neutral and polar lipids, with the greatest concentrations in neutral lipids. DHA was incorporated mainly into yolk polar lipids. Lipids in yolk plasma and granules contained similar amounts of CLAs. The fatty acid compositions of vitelline membrane and egg albumen mirrored that of the egg yolk. CLA supplementation resulted in hard and rubbery yolks when compared to hard-cooked eggs from the control group. This study showed that feeding CLAs to hens led to accumulation of the isomers in polar and neutral lipids of the egg yolk and that these isomers migrated into egg albumen. Because the sensory properties of hard-cooked eggs were negatively affected by the enrichment of a mixture of CLA isomers in this study, further research should be conducted to evaluate how the different isomers alter the properties of egg yolk and albumen so that the quality of designed eggs containing CLAs and DHA can be improved.
Watkins
Bruce A
BA
Center for Enhancing Foods to Protect Health, Lipid Chemistry and Molecular Biology Laboratory, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-2009, USA. baw@purdue.edu
Feng
Shulin
S
Strom
Anna K
AK
DeVitt
Amy A
AA
Yu
Liangli
L
Li
Yong
Y
D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004529:Egg White / Q000032:analysis; D004530:Egg Yolk / Q000737:chemistry*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000737:chemistry*; D012450:Safflower Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014817:Vitelline Membrane / Q000737:chemistry
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D008055:Lipids; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D012450:Safflower Oil; D010047:Ovalbumin