Infectious and presumed noninfectious endophthalmitis after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection.
OBJECTIVE
To report potentially distinguishing characteristics between bacterial endophthalmitis and presumed noninfectious endophthalmitis associated with intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection.


METHODS
Records of two patients with culture-proven bacterial endophthalmitis and six patients with presumed noninfectious endophthalmitis from intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injections were analyzed retrospectively.


RESULTS
Two eyes in two patients with culture-proven bacterial endophthalmitis had decreased vision and hypopyon or vitritis, but no pain or conjunctival injection 2 weeks after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection. Seven eyes in six patients with presumed noninfectious endophthalmitis had blurred vision, hypopyon, and variable pain all within 2 days of intravitreal triamcinolone injection. All seven eyes were followed up closely and had rapid resolution of hypopyon and symptoms.


CONCLUSIONS
Bacterial endophthalmitis after intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection may present in an atypical, relatively delayed manner with decreased vision but no pain or redness. Presumed noninfectious endophthalmitis presents within 2 days after the injection, may be accompanied by discomfort, and has a hypopyon that may be the triamcinolone material itself or a sterile inflammatory reaction. In these eyes, the hypopyon and symptoms quickly resolve without treatment.
Nelson
Mark L
ML
Retina Service, Wills Eye Hospital, Jefferson Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
Tennant
Matthew T S
MT
Sivalingam
Arunan
A
Regillo
Carl D
CD
Belmont
Jonathan B
JB
Martidis
Adam
A
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013997:Time Factors; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide