The tumorigenic characteristics of lime-piper betel quid-transformed JB6 cells.
Betel quid chewing is a general oral habit in Taiwan, India, southeastern Asian and South Africa with or without the additive of tobacco, alcohol or lime. In this study, the tumor-promoting neoplastic transformation effect of Lime-Piper betel quid (LPB) was examined on JB6 cells. The treatment of LPB at a high dose (1.0 mg/ml) for over 5 days or at lower doses (0.1, 0.5 mg/ml) for over 15 days induced the formation of transformed foci. The transformed cells showed the characteristics of colony formation in soft agar, higher growth rate and multilayer on culture dish. A two-fold induction of the protein levels of c-fos and c-jun proto-oncogenes was observed in the cells from the 50th passage (Cl1/p50, Cl2/p50 and Cl3/p50), suggesting that LPB-transformed cells were oncogenic. In addition, the LPB-transformed cells possessed an elevated level of c-Myc and an increased cell population distributed in the S phase of the cell cycle. These results demonstrated the promotion effect of LPB and indicate that it could be a tumor promoter.
Lin
Ming-Hsun
MH
Institute of Biochemistry of the College of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, No. 110, Sec. 1, Chien Kuo North Road, 402 Taichung, Taiwan.
Wang
Chau-Jong
CJ
Huang
Hui-Pei
HP
Chou
Ming-Yung
MY
Chou
Fen-Pi
FP
D000470:Alkaloids; D001114:Areca / Q000633:toxicity*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000139:chemically induced*; D032082:Citrus aurantiifolia / Q000633:toxicity*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008409:Mastication; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D031701:Piper; D026321:Piperaceae / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016196:S Phase / Q000187:drug effects; D013624:Taiwan; D013997:Time Factors
D000470:Alkaloids; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D002273:Carcinogens; D010087:Oxides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; C495400:lime-piper betel quid