The effects of placental malaria on mother-to-child HIV transmission in Rakai, Uganda.
We examined the association of placental malaria and mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV in a prospective community-randomized trial in Rakai District, Uganda. In the 746 HIV-positive mother-infant pairs, the MTCT rate was 20.4%. Placental malaria was more common in HIV-positive than HIV-negative women. After multivariate adjustment for HIV viral load, the risk of MTCT associated with placental malaria was 2.89 and with HIV viral load the risk was 2.85. Interventions to prevent malaria during pregnancy could potentially reduce MTCT.
Brahmbhatt
Heena
H
Department of Population and Family Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Kigozi
Godfrey
G
Wabwire-Mangen
Fred
F
Serwadda
David
D
Sewankambo
Nelson
N
Lutalo
Tom
T
Wawer
Maria J
MJ
Abramowsky
Carlos
C
Sullivan
David
D
Gray
Ronald
R
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D008288:Malaria / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D010922:Placenta Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D019562:Viral Load