Genetic variation in angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) and breast cancer risk: the multiethnic cohort.
The A-240T and I/D polymorphisms in the angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) gene are markers of circulating ACE levels and have been associated with numerous cardiovascular disease outcomes. More recently, the low-activity A and I alleles at these polymorphic sites have been inversely related with breast cancer risk. We assessed the relationship between the A-240T and I/D ACE variants and breast cancer risk in a case-control analysis (n = 1263 cases with invasive breast cancer and 2269 controls) among African-American, Japanese, Latina, and white women in the Multiethnic Cohort Study. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals are presented adjusted for established breast cancer risk factors. Among all women combined, we observed no significant association between the A-240T polymorphism and breast cancer risk. For the I/D polymorphism, contrary to expectation, women with the I/I genotype had a marginally significant increase in breast cancer risk (versus DD genotype: odds ratio, 1.30; 95% confidence interval, 1.05-1.61), although associations were not entirely consistent across ethnic groups. These data do not support the hypothesis that women with lower ACE levels, as predicted by the low-activity A and I ACE alleles, are at reduced risk of breast cancer. Overall, these results suggest that the A-240T and I/D ACE polymorphisms are not likely to be strong predictors of breast cancer risk.
Departments of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA.
Christopher A
CA
Haiman
Sean O
SO
Henderson
Philip
P
Bretsky
Laurence N
LN
Kolonel
Brian E
BE
Henderson
D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A