Bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity in chemotherapy for testicular cancer.
Bleomycin is an antibiotic agent with antitumour activity, discovered in 1966 by Umezawa et al. Today, bleomycin is commonly used in chemotherapy for various tumour types. In testicular cancer especially, bleomycin is one of the key drugs in induction chemotherapy. It has the advantage of less myelotoxicity; however, its severe and potentially fatal pulmonary toxicity has limited its dose intensity. Several clinical trials have focused on eliminating bleomycin from the regimen or reducing the bleomycin dose for testicular cancer patients with good prognosis. However, the results indicate that bleomycin is still an essential component of induction chemotherapy when only three courses are administered. This review will focus on bleomycin-induced pulmonary toxicity in chemotherapy for testicular cancer, followed by a brief review of recent basic understanding of the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis.
Kawai
Koji
K
Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305, Japan. rkawa@md.tsukuba.ac.jp
Akaza
Hideyuki
H
D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001761:Bleomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D001761:Bleomycin