[Restless legs syndrome and periodic limb movements in sleep: pathophysiology and treatment].
The paper presents current views on the pathophysiology and treatment options in the restless legs syndrome (RLS) and periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS). Moreover, concepts are outlined concerning possible involvement of various cerebral structures as well as neurotransmitter and metabolic systems in the RLS pathophysiology, with the focus on the role of dopamine and iron deficiency. Dopaminergic agents (i.e. L-dopa and dopamine agonists), currently regarded as the best therapeutic option in the treatment of RLS, are discussed in detail. Favorable outcomes attained in the treatment of RLS with the opioid receptor agonists, anticonvulsants, benzodiazepines, and adrenolytic agents are also reported.
Ośrodka Badań nad Snem i Poradni Zaburzeń Snu Instytutu Psychiatrii i Neurologii w Warszawie.
Adam
A
Wichniak
Aleksandra
A
Wierzbicka
Wojciech
W
Jernajczyk
D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020189:Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*
D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D007501:Iron