Electrical stimulation in the management of spastic deformity.
This article outlines a nonsurgical approach that includes neuromuscular electrical stimulation and dynamic bracing for the management of spastic deformity in cerebral palsy. Neuromuscular electrical stimulation is used commonly for lower extremity spasticity. Its clinical application in upper extremity spasticity, together with dynamic bracing, is a new entity providing predictable and quick short-term results with significant improvement in quality of life.
Scheker
Luis R
LR
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine, 225 Abraham Flexner Way, Suite 800, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. lscheker@kkahand.com
Ozer
Kagan
K
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001915:Braces; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D005542:Forearm / Q000503:physiopathology; D006225:Hand / Q000503:physiopathology; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000145:classification / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D013165:Splints; D016896:Treatment Outcome