Anti-HIV-1 limonoid: first isolation from Clausena excavata.
A limonoid, clausenolide-1-ethyl ether (1) and two coumarins, dentatin (2) and nor-dentatin (3), were isolated from Clausena excavata. Limonoid 1 was obtained from the crude ethanol extract of the rhizomes and the roots but had not previously been isolated from C. excavata and exhibited HIV-1 inhibitory activity. Coumarins 2 and 3, with their structures related to an anti-HIV-1 substance, (+)-calanolide A (4), were obtained from the crude chloroform extract of the rhizomes. Both induced toxicity to cells used in a syncytium assay for anti-HIV-1 activity. These compounds, 1-3, did not show any cytotoxic effect against KB and BC-1 cell lines (IC(50) value > 20 microgram/mL).
Natural Products and Organic Synthesis Research Unit (NPOS), Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Arunrat
A
Sunthitikawinsakul
Ngampong
N
Kongkathip
Boonsong
B
Kongkathip
Sida
S
Phonnakhu
John W
JW
Daly
Thomas F
TF
Spande
Yuth
Y
Nimit
Chanita
C
Napaswat
Jittra
J
Kasisit
Chalobon
C
Yoosook
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D036701:Limonins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027821:Rutaceae
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D036701:Limonins; D010936:Plant Extracts