Relevance of primary reduction for the clinical outcome of femoral neck fractures treated with cancellous screws.
BACKGROUND
Femoral head-preserving treatment for femoral neck fractures with cancellous screws is a method widely performed, but its success depends on the quality of primary reduction. The goal of our study was to evaluate the relevance of reduction quality on the clinical outcome.


METHODS
We retrospectively analyzed the postoperative reduction result of 39 patients. The angular rotation and the inferior displacement of the proximal fracture fragment were digitally assessed from AP radiographs. The clinical outcome was recorded by a follow-up after a mean 5.5 years.


RESULTS
Unsuccessful healing was observed in eight patients, femoral head necrosis in three patients, non-union in two patients, implant loosening in one patient, and posttraumatic arthritis in two patients, all resulting in the need for a total hip replacement. This clinical course was strongly associated with a primary reduction in varus position, whereas reduction in anatomic or valgus angulation had no negative effect on the clinical outcome. An inferior offset was no negative predictor for successful healing.


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that a non-anatomic reduction in varus angulation significantly increases the risk of healing failure and therefore should be avoided. Reduction in valgus position should be performed if secondary redislocation is imminent.
Krischak
G
G
Abteilung Unfall-, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universität Ulm, Steinhövelstrasse 9, 89070 Ulm, Germany. gert.krischak@medizin.uni-ulm.de
Beck
A
A
Wachter
N
N
Jakob
R
R
Kinzl
L
L
Suger
G
G
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D001863:Bone Screws; D005260:Female; D005265:Femoral Neck Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal; D017102:Fracture Healing; D005599:Fractures, Ununited / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome