Extrapulmonary tuberculosis in chronic hemodialysis patients.
BACKGROUND
The incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis is higher in dialysis than general population. The aim of the study was to characterize clinical picture in dialysis patients, who developed extrapulmonary tuberculosis.


METHODS
We retrospectively investigated the hemodialysis patients with extrapulmonary tuberculosis. 2208 hemodialysis patients were reviewed for extrapulmonary tuberculosis from October 1986 to January 2001.


RESULTS
Seventeen patients (10 male, 7 female) were enrolled. The mean age was 57.4 +/- 12.4 years. The sites for extrapulmonary tuberculosis were peritoneum (35.3%, 6/17), cervical lymph node (17.6%. 3/17), bone marrow (5.9%, 1/17), spine (5.9%, 1/17), knee (5.9%, 1/17), brain (5.9%, 1/17), pericardium (5.9%, 1/17), cutaneous tissue (5.9%, 1/17) and genitourinary system (5.9%, 1/17). Fourteen of 15 tissue-biopsy specimens from suspicious sites revealed granulomatous inflammation. There were low yield in mycobacteria culture (11.1%, 1/9) and PCR (33.3%, 2/6). Three patients died during the treatment of the disease.


CONCLUSIONS
Extrapulmonary tuberculosis constitutes a major part of tuberculosis in dialysis patients. Tissue biopsy with invasive procedures, such as laparoscopy or laparotomy, may be necessary if clinical presentations are suspicious.
Division of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Chiayi, Taiwan.
Feng-Rong
FR
Chuang
Chih-Hsiung
CH
Lee
I-Kuan
IK
Wang
Jin-Bor
JB
Chen
Mai-Szu
MS
Wu
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*
D000995:Antitubercular Agents