Multifrequency electron spin resonance detection of solid-state organic free radicals in HCN polymer and a Titan tholin.
Macromolecules derived from hydrogen cyanide (HCN) may be major components of the dark matter observed in bodies in the outer Solar System, which include comets and asteroids. HCN oligomers and polymers are readily formed at room temperature and react with water to produce polypeptides and alpha-amino acids or undergo pyrolysis to produce nitrogen heterocycles. Electron spin resonance (ESR) spectroscopy shows that HCN polymer mixtures contain a significant amount of long-lived organic free radicals that are primarily carbon-based. For comparison, we have also examined samples of tholins produced from experimental analogs of Titan aerosols, which has been shown by trace organic analysis to consist partly of HCN polymer. The "Titan tholin" exhibits at least two ESR signals that can be assigned to nitrogen- and carbon-centered radicals, although heating the sample eliminates the nitrogen centers and increases the signal from the carbon centers. This result suggests that the nitrogen-centered radicals may be thermodynamically less stable, but are kinetically trapped during the spark-discharge reactions that produce tholins from mixtures of gases such as methane and nitrogen. The results strongly support previous proposals of free radical mechanisms for HCN polymerization.
Budil
David E
DE
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. dbudil@neu.edu
Roebber
John L
JL
Liebman
Shirley A
SA
Matthews
Clifford N
CN
D004355:Drug Stability; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D006856:Hydrogen Cyanide; D009584:Nitrogen; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers; D013026:Space Flight; D013816:Thermodynamics
D005609:Free Radicals; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011108:Polymers; D006856:Hydrogen Cyanide; D009584:Nitrogen