Phylogeny and embryology of the facial nerve and related structures. Part I: Phylogeny.
The study of evolution provides invaluable insights into human structure and function. Much of evolution is recapitulated during human gestation. Understanding the evolutionary process helps clarify seemingly complex embryology and anatomy, such as that of the facial nerve and related ear structures, as well as the anomalies that occur when human development is interrupted.
Sataloff
Robert Thayer
RT
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate Hospital, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA. rtsataloff@phillyent.com
Selber
Jesse C
JC
D000717:Anatomy, Comparative; D000818:Animals; D005149:Facial Expression; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D005399:Fishes / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D006801:Humans; D007568:Jaw / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology; D008409:Mastication; D010802:Phylogeny; D012104:Reptiles / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology