title: Hard-copy versus soft-copy image reading for detection of ureteral stones on abdominal radiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the usefulness of soft-copy images displayed on a cathode ray tube (CRT) with hard-copy images (film images) for detecting ureteral stones on abdominal radiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five radiologists read images from 50 cases of ureteral stones and 50 normal cases diagnosed on the basis of intravenous urography and CT. For hard-copy reading, 10-bit images at 3,520x4,280 pixels obtained by computed radiography were printed on 14x17-inch films. For soft-copy reading, 8-bit images were displayed on a 17-inch monochrome monitor at 1,024x1,280 pixels. The study items were area under receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve (Az), ureteral stone detection sensitivity and specificity, and reading time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For soft-copy and hard-copy images, the average Az values were 0.855 and 0.851, sensitivity was 62.8% and 62%, and specificity was 70.8% and 62.4%, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between these values. Reading time was 106.6 min for soft-copy images, significantly longer than the 71.2 min for hard-copy images (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although soft-copy image reading time was longer than hard-copy image reading time, the ability to diagnose ureteral stones on abdominal radiography did not differ for soft- and hard-copy images.
authors: Department of Radiology, Higashiosaka City General Hospital, Japan.
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Ueda
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Iwasaki
authors: Masahumi
authors: M
authors: Nagasawa
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Sueyoshi
authors: Junko
authors: J
authors: Takahama
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Ide
authors: Kimihiko
authors: K
authors: Kichikawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003626:Data Display; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D011860:Radiography, Abdominal; D011873:Radiology Information Systems; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014567:Urography; D014962:X-Ray Film