title: Plasma concentration of coupling factor 6 and cardiovascular events in patients with end-stage renal disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Plasma asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA), an endogenous inhibitor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), is an independent predictor of overall mortality and cardiovascular outcome in hemodialysis patients. However, not only ADMA but also traditional risk factors account for only part of the high cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in these patients. We investigated cross-sectionally the association between coupling factor 6 (CF6), an endogenous inhibitor of prostacyclin synthesis, and cardiovascular events in 95 hemodialysis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma CF6 level was measured by radioimmunoassay, whereas plasma ADMA level by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma levels of CF6 and ADMA were threefold higher in hemodialysis patients than in control individuals, and there was a positive correlation between these two compounds (r=0.25, P < 0.05). Plasma CF6 level was positively correlated with serum creatinine level (r=0.36, P < 0.01) and was reduced after dialysis (P < 0.05). Plasma CF6 and ADMA levels were both higher in hemodialysis patients complicating ischemic heart disease (myocardial infarction and/or angina) than in those free of cardiovascular events. In a multiple regression model, plasma CF6 level (r=0.24, P=0.023) and ADMA level (r=0.26, P=0.023) were independently related to the occurrence of ischemic heart disease in hemodialysis patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CF6 is a novel risk factor for ischemic heart disease in end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Synergism of this peptide and ADMA might contribute to its occurrence presumably by inhibition of prostacyclin and nitric oxide production. A prospective study is needed to evaluate this issue more precisely.
authors: The Second Department of Internal Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki, Japan. osanait@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp
authors: Tomohiro
authors: T
authors: Osanai
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Nakamura
authors: Satoko
authors: S
authors: Sasaki
authors: Hirofumi
authors: H
authors: Tomita
authors: Masayuki
authors: M
authors: Saitoh
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Osawa
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Yamabe
authors: Shuichi
authors: S
authors: Murakami
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Magota
authors: Ken
authors: K
authors: Okumura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000097:blood*; D010086:Oxidative Phosphorylation Coupling Factors / Q000097:blood*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D010086:Oxidative Phosphorylation Coupling Factors; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine; C000628217:F(6) ATPase; D025261:Mitochondrial Proton-Translocating ATPases