title: Modulation of the liver export protein synthetic response to feeding by an n-3 fatty-acid-enriched nutritional supplement is associated with anabolism in cachectic cancer patients.
abstract: The acute-phase protein response is associated with accelerated weight loss and shortened survival in cancer. This may be due to hepatic protein synthesis increasing demand for amino acids. An n -3 fatty-acid-enriched nutritional supplement will moderate aspects of cachexia in cancer patients. The present study examined the effect of such a supplement on hepatic synthesis of albumin and fibrinogen. Albumin and fibrinogen synthesis were measured in the fed and fasting state in eight weight-losing patients with pancreatic cancer by an intravenous flooding dose technique. Tracer incorporation into proteins was measured by GC/MS. Patients were restudied after 3 weeks of oral supplement enriched with fish oil (providing 2510 kJ/day and 2 g of eicosapentaenoic acid/day). At baseline, all patients were losing weight (median, 2.4 kg/month). After 3 weeks of consumption of the fish-oil-enriched nutritional supplement, patients' weight stabilized (median change, +1 kg; P = 0.01). At baseline, albumin and fibrinogen synthesis rates were stimulated in the fed compared with the fasting state [14.2 compared with 11.3 g/day (29% rise; P = 0.01) and 4.5 compared with 3.3 g/day (38% rise; P = 0.01) respectively]. After 3 weeks of the supplement, this stimulation in the fed state was no longer observed for albumin and was reduced for fibrinogen [11.2 compared with 10.5 g/day (3% rise; P = 0.21) and 3.7 compared with 2.9 g/day (17% rise; P = 0.01) respectively]. After 3 weeks, the combined albumin plus fibrinogen synthetic rate tended to fall in the fasting state (14.7 compared with 12.3 g/day; P = 0.09) and was significantly reduced in the fed state (18.7 compared with 14.6 g/day; P = 0.01). Modulation of hepatic export protein synthesis with feeding may have contributed to the net whole-body anabolism observed with administration of the n -3 fatty-acid-enriched oral supplement.
authors: Department of Clinical and Surgical Sciences (Surgery), The University of Edinburgh, Royal Infirmary, Edinburgh EH16 4SA, Scotland, U.K.
authors: Matthew D
authors: MD
authors: Barber
authors: Tom
authors: T
authors: Preston
authors: Donald C
authors: DC
authors: McMillan
authors: Christine
authors: C
authors: Slater
authors: James A
authors: JA
authors: Ross
authors: Kenneth C H
authors: KC
authors: Fearon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000418:Albumins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002100:Cachexia / Q000178:diet therapy*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005215:Fasting; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000178:diet therapy; D010649:Phenylalanine; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D010649:Phenylalanine; D005340:Fibrinogen; D009584:Nitrogen