title: Nuclear volume and total optical density in Down syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate nuclear size and integrated optical density of parenchymal cells from various organs in patients with Down syndrome and a control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the years 1988-2000, 14 cases of Down syndrome were found (8 male and 6 female). Ten infants without congenital anomalies died of respiratory distress syndrome and were used as a control group. Five nuclear variables were estimated: area, equivalent diameter, volume of equivalent sphere, roundness and total optical density (TOD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean nuclear volume and TOD of thyroid follicular cells were significantly lower in patients with Down syndrome (43.82 +/- 8.95 and 173.81 +/- 32.85 microns 3, respectively) than in the control group (65.46 +/- 15.31 and 234.58 +/- 32.85 microns 3, respectively) (P < .01). Mean hepatocite nuclear volume and TOD were significantly higher in the control group (165.54 +/- 55.42 and 220.84 +/- 51.75 microns 3, respectively) than in trisomy 21 (110.39 +/- 32.97 and 176.58 +/- 28.53 microns 3, respectively) (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results suggest altered gene expression in excessive genetic material, especially in thyroid follicular cells.
authors: Institute of Pathology, University of Nis, Novoprojekjodana B.B., YU, 18000 Nis, Serbia, Serbia. mihapat@junis.ni.ac.yu
authors: Dragan
authors: D
authors: Mihailovic
authors: Desanka
authors: D
authors: Tasic-Dimov
authors: Zaklina
authors: Z
authors: Mijovic
authors: Dragan
authors: D
authors: Radovanovic
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology*; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure