title: Drug-induced parkinsonism in relation to choline-containing compounds measured by 1H-MR spectroscopy in putamen of chronically medicated patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: Extrapyramidal side-effects (EPS), the most frequent and severe side-effects of antipsychotics, sometimes become irreversible and cause severe psychosocial disturbance in patients with schizophrenia. However, the neurobiological basis of EPS has not yet been elucidated. In this study, neurochemical correlates of EPS were examined by 1H-MR spectroscopy (1H-MRS). Sixteen medicated patients with schizophrenia and 15 age-, gender- and parental-socioeconomic-status-matched normal controls were examined using single-voxel 1H-MRS. Absolute concentrations of N-acetyl aspartate (NAA), choline-containing compounds (Cho), creatine/phosphocreatine, myo-inositol, and Glx (glutamate and glutamine) in the left putamen were evaluated. The patient group showed mild EPS and no significant metabolic abnormalities in this region. The more severe drug-induced parkinsonism assessed by the Simpson-Angus Scale, however, significantly correlated with the higher Cho concentration and tended to be correlated with the higher NAA concentration in the patient group. These results suggest a potential of 1H-MRS as a non-invasive monitoring method of neurobiological correlates of EPS associated with neuroleptic treatments in patients with schizophrenia.
authors: Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. yamasue-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors: Hidenori
authors: H
authors: Yamasue
authors: Tsunehiro
authors: T
authors: Fukui
authors: Rin
authors: R
authors: Fukuda
authors: Kiyoto
authors: K
authors: Kasai
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Iwanami
authors: Nobumasa
authors: N
authors: Kato
authors: Tadafumi
authors: T
authors: Kato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003401:Creatine / Q000378:metabolism; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005973:Glutamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007294:Inositol / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000187:drug effects; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D011699:Putamen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012016:Reference Values; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010725:Phosphocreatine; D005973:Glutamine; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D007294:Inositol; C000179:N-acetylaspartate; D003401:Creatine; D002794:Choline