title: [The effects of protein stabilizers on aggregation induced by multiple-stresses].
abstract: A successful development of therapeutic proteins requires a formulation optimal for long-term storage of the proteins. During storage and shipment, proteins are subjected to multiple stresses. Here we show that ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) readily aggregates upon exposure to mechanical stress such as agitation and elevated temperature at 37 degrees C. Sucrose and lysine or arginine protect CNTF from heat stress, while detergents such as Tween20 and organic solvents such as propylene glycol (PG) are effective against agitation. Combination of the amino acids and PG protected the protein from both stresses. The results suggest the importance of combining additives, against multiple stresses, which may have negative as well as positive influence individually against one particular stress.
authors: Alliance Protein Laboratories, 3957 Corte Cancion, Thousand Oaks, CA 91360, USA. tarakawa2@aol.com
authors: Tsutomu
authors: T
authors: Arakawa
authors: Daniel B
authors: DB
authors: Dix
authors: Byeong S
authors: BS
authors: Chang
mesh_terms: D000277:Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D003902:Detergents; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008239:Lysine; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011136:Polysorbates; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D017510:Protein Folding; D011506:Proteins; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013395:Sucrose; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D000277:Adjuvants, Pharmaceutic; D020934:Ciliary Neurotrophic Factor; D003902:Detergents; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011136:Polysorbates; D011506:Proteins; D013395:Sucrose; D019946:Propylene Glycol; D008239:Lysine