title: The development of a marine natural product-based antifouling paint.
abstract: Problems with tin and copper antifouling compounds have highlighted the need to develop new environmentally friendly antifouling coatings. Bacteria isolated from living surfaces in the marine environment are a promising source of natural antifouling compounds. Four isolates were used to produce extracts that were formulated into ten water-based paints. All but one of the paints showed activity against a test panel of fouling bacteria. Five of the paints were further tested for their ability to inhibit the settlement of barnacle larvae, Balanus amphitrite, and algal spores of Ulva lactuca, and for their ability to inhibit the growth of U. lactuca. Two paints caused a significant decrease in the number of settled barnacles. One paint containing extract of Pseudomonas sp. strain NUDMB50-11, showed excellent activity in all assays. The antifouling chemicals responsible for the activity of the extract were isolated, using bioassay guided fractionation, and their chemical structures determined.
authors: School of Life Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Riccarton, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK. j.g.burgess@hw.ac.uk
authors: J Grant
authors: JG
authors: Burgess
authors: Kenneth G
authors: KG
authors: Boyd
authors: Evelyn
authors: E
authors: Armstrong
authors: Zhong
authors: Z
authors: Jiang
authors: Liming
authors: L
authors: Yan
authors: Matz
authors: M
authors: Berggren
authors: Ulrika
authors: U
authors: May
authors: Tony
authors: T
authors: Pisacane
authors: Ake
authors: A
authors: Granmo
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Adams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000737:chemistry*; D001681:Biological Assay; D007814:Larva / Q000502:physiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D010150:Paint; D012623:Seawater; D001468:Thoracica / Q000502:physiology*; D044445:Ulva / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals