title: Examination of expandable metallic stent removed at autopsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the damage to expandable metallic stents (EMS) based upon analysis of EMS removed at autopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen EMS were obtained during autopsy from the main bronchi of nine patients with lung cancer. Each EMS was categorized into one of the following three groups, according to the degree of EMS damage: no damage at all (ND), damage to part of the EMS (PD), and marked damage (MD) that caused loss of function of the airway stent. The removed EMS were examined using a scanning electron microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 17 stents, ND occurred in 13 (7/9 primary, 6/8 secondary), PD in four (all secondary), and MD in none. None of the stents had completely lost the ability to function as an airway stent. Bacterial biofilm formation (BBF) was detected on EMS from four patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacterial biofilm forms on EMS implanted into the airway. Some physical damage was present in four of 17 EMS, but all remained functional.
authors: Internal Medicine, Nihon University Nerima Hikarigaoka Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. ysfmhskw@med.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors: Yoshifumi
authors: Y
authors: Hosokawa
authors: Ichiro
authors: I
authors: Tsujino
authors: Toshiaki
authors: T
authors: Syoda
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Horikoshi
authors: Shigemasa
authors: S
authors: Sawada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D001344:Autopsy; D018441:Biofilms; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008875:Middle Aged; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*