title: Efficacy of CVD risk factor modification in a lower-middle class community in Pakistan: the Metroville Health Study.
abstract: The Metroville Health Study aimed to reduce consumption of total cooking fats by 33%, salt by 25% and replace ghee with vegetable oil in a lower middle class urban community in Pakistan. Households (n=403) were randomly assigned to Intervention and Control groups. A baseline screening collected data on CVD risk factors, knowledge and attitudes and household consumption of cooking fats and salt. Intervention households received information about CVD and regular visits by social workers who measured cooking fats and salt and counselled cooks on the goals of intervention. Two years later, 291 households were re-screened. Intervention households reduced consumption of fats and salt compared to differences were total fat, 48% (p<0.0001); ghee, 37% (p=0.005); vegetable oil, 33% (p=0.0001); and salt, 41% (p=0.011). Household visits by trained social workers were effective in achieving reductions in consumption of cooking fat and salt in a lower class urban community.
authors: Department of Cardiology, N.I.C.V.D., Karachi, Pakistan. heart@cyber.net.pk
authors: K U
authors: KU
authors: Aziz
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Dennis
authors: C E
authors: CE
authors: Davis
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Sun
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Burke
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Manolio
authors: A M A
authors: AM
authors: Faruqui
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Chagani
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Ashraf
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Patel
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Jafery
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Ghauri
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Faisal
authors: A K
authors: AK
authors: Tareen
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010154:Pakistan; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats