title: The treatment of postnatal depression by health visitors: impact of brief training on skills and clinical practice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postnatal depression can be effectively treated by cognitive behavioural counselling (CBC), a simple intervention designed to be delivered by non-specialists in mental health.
  
  
  METHODS
  Health visitors were trained in CBC and post-training changes in counselling skills, clinical practice and costs were assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Following training health visitors showed improved counselling skills, and they carried out more mental health assessments, recorded mental symptoms more often and treated more women themselves. However, their mean number of contacts with depressed women did not change; and the number of urgent contacts diminished. Referrals to general practitioners did not increase but there was an increase in referrals to mental health services. Costs to health visitor practice did not increase.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment of clinical practice was based on health visitor records. The study uses a 'before and after' design rather than randomisation of subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Training health visitors in CBC leads to improved counselling skills and corresponding changes in clinical practice, without increasing the costs of health visitor practice.
authors: Centre for Women's Mental Health Research, University of Manchester,Manchester, M13 9PL, UK. louis.appleby@man.ac.uk
authors: Louis
authors: L
authors: Appleby
authors: Emma
authors: E
authors: Hirst
authors: Sarah
authors: S
authors: Marshall
authors: Felicity
authors: F
authors: Keeling
authors: Janet
authors: J
authors: Brind
authors: Tony
authors: T
authors: Butterworth
authors: Joan
authors: J
authors: Lole
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy; D003152:Community Health Nursing; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003376:Counseling; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000628:therapy*; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D010821:Physicians, Family; D011247:Pregnancy; D011361:Professional Competence; D012017:Referral and Consultation