title: Transmission ratio distortion in mice.
abstract: The most studied example of transmission ratio distortion (TRD) in mice is that of the t-complex. This is a variant region of Chromosome 17 which exists as a polymorphism in wild mice. Males heterozygous for a t-haplotype and a normal Chr 17 transmit the t-haplotype to >50% of their young, up to 99%. Homozygous males are sterile. The TRD produced by the t-complex is due to the action of three or more distorter genes (Tcd) on a responder gene (Tcr). t-Haplotypes are maintained intact by crossover suppression induced by four neighboring inversions, the Tcd and Tcr loci lying in different inversions. Sperm formation is normal in t/t males, but sperm function is impaired through gross defects in sperm motility. The responder gene has been identified as a fusion gene formed from a sperm motility kinase and a ribosomal S6 kinase. Three candidate distorter genes have also been identified as genes coding for dynein chains, and thus possibly involved in sperm flagellar function.
authors: Mammalian Genetics Unit, Medical Research Council, Harwell, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0RD, United Kingdom. m.lyon@har.mrc.ac.uk
authors: Mary F
authors: MF
authors: Lyon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004398:Dyneins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005804:Genes, Lethal; D006579:Heterozygote; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D056427:t-Complex Genome Region
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C116196:PPP1R11 protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D004398:Dyneins