title: ADP receptor antagonists as antiplatelet therapeutics.
abstract: With the cloning of the P2Y12 receptor, the molecular basis for ADP-induced platelet aggregation is seemingly complete. Two platelet-bound ADP receptors, P2Y1 and P2Y12, operate through unique pathways to induce and sustain platelet aggregation via the glycoprotein (GP)IIb-IIIa integrin. P2Y1 operates via a glycoprotein q (Gq) pathway, activates phospholipase C, induces platelet shape change and is responsible for intracellular calcium mobilisation. P2Y12 inhibits adenylyl cyclase through a glycoprotein i (Gi)-dependent pathway, and is the target of the clinically used thienopyridines, ticlopidine (Ticlid, F. Hoffman-La Roche) and clopidogrel (Plavix, Bristol-Myers Squibb/Sanofi-Synthelabo). In addition, the receptor is targeted by the ADP analogue AR-C66096, which is currently in Phase IIb clinical trials, as well as other non-nucleoside-based preclinical leads.
authors: Millennium Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 256 East Grand Avenue, South San Franciso, CA 94080, USA.
authors: Shawn M
authors: SM
authors: Bauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2