title: Re-treatment of patients with anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis B who relapsed after an initial course of lamivudine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of a long-term course of lamivudine monotherapy in patients with anti-HBe-positive chronic hepatitis B who relapsed after the first course of either lamivudine/interferon (n = 16; Group 1) or lamivudine (n = 20; Group 2).
  
  
  METHODS
  Biochemical and virological tests were performed every 3 months. At baseline and breakthrough, the region coding for the YMDD amino acid motif was sequenced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The length of re-treatment averaged 24 months. The virological response peaked at 6 months (94.4%), and declined to 66.7% and 50% at 12 and 24 months, respectively. The rates of breakthrough were 2.9%, 31.4% and 48.6% at 6, 12 and 24 months, respectively. By the second year, responders amounted to 62.5% and 40% in Groups 1 and 2, respectively (P = 0.10). The 18 responders at month 24 are still on therapy after 25-51 months of treatment: 14 still maintain a response, nine from Group 1 and five from Group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Re-treatment with lamivudine can control viral replication. This effect is maintained for the initial 12 months in two-thirds of patients, but afterwards the duration of response lessens due to the development of viral resistance.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology, Hospital 'Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza' IRCSS, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. nirograzia@tiscalinet.it
authors: G A
authors: GA
authors: Niro
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Santantonio
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Fontana
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Insalata
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Facciorusso
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Signorile
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Perri
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Guastadisegni
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Gioffreda
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Palmieri
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Pastore
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Andriulli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D019233:Retreatment; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019259:Lamivudine