Plasma adiponectin is an independent predictor of type 2 diabetes in Asian indians.
OBJECTIVE
Adiponectin, secreted by fat cells, has regulatory functions on energy metabolism. Its low levels are predictive of future development of diabetes. Because no studies on the regulatory role of adiponectin in glucose homeostasis in Asian Indians exist, this analysis was performed to determine the prospective association of adiponectin and diabetes in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).


METHODS
Baseline values of plasma adiponectin, results of anthropometry, fasting and 2-h plasma glucose levels, HbA(1c), results of lipid profile, and insulin resistance were analyzed in 91 subjects with IGT (53 men and 38 women) in a primary prevention study. Reassessment of glucose tolerance was performed during 1-year review. The predictive nature of adiponectin for development of diabetes was assessed using univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses. A control group comprising healthy, normoglycemic individuals was used for comparison.


RESULTS
At follow-up, diabetes had developed in 25 of the 91 study subjects. The mean baseline adiponectin level was lower in the diabetic subjects than in the nondiabetic subjects (11.3 +/- 5.5 vs. 16.7 +/- 7.6 micro g/ml, P = 0.0017). Low adiponectin level was a strong predictor of future development of diabetes, and HbA(1c) also showed a positive predictive association. Women had higher adiponectin levels (16.4 +/- 6.1 micro g/ml) than men (13.9 +/- 7.6 micro g/ml) (P = 0.035).


CONCLUSIONS
In Asian Indians, low plasma adiponectin level was predictive of future development of diabetes.
Snehalatha
Chamukuttan
C
Diabetes Research Centre, M.V. Hospital for Diabetes, WHO Collaborating Centre for Research, Education & Training in Diabetes, Royapuram, Chennai, India.
Mukesh
Bheekamchand
B
Simon
Mary
M
Viswanathan
Vijay
V
Haffner
Steven M
SM
Ramachandran
Ambady
A
D052242:Adiponectin; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001824:Body Constitution; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D044465:White People
D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011506:Proteins