title: Recruitment and coaching of healthy elderly subjects for invasive cardiovascular research with right-sided catheterisation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Heart failure is primarily a disorder of the elderly. To investigate a non-invasive method to diagnose heart failure in the elderly, right-sided catheterisation was needed in healthy elderly subjects. We studied the feasibility of recruitment of healthy elderly subjects for this invasive investigation and aimed to identify the factors important for recruitment and for successful participation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy subjects, aged >/=65 years, were invited by advertisement in a local newspaper to participate in an invasive study, preceded by extensive medical examination. An experienced research nurse provided coaching and care on an individual basis. Motivation to participate, satisfaction and the expected and perceived burden were assessed with a questionnaire before and after catheterisation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 180 subjects responding, 53 were invited for screening of whom 38 were included. Cardiovascular examination was the most important reason for participation. The questionnaire showed considerable satisfaction about the information and care given and about participating in the study in general.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recruitment of healthy elderly subjects for an invasive cardiovascular study is feasible. Individual coaching contributed to the satisfaction experienced. The appointment of an experienced research nurse appears important for successful recruitment and participation of healthy elderly subjects in an invasive cardiovascular study.
authors: Department of Geriatric Medicine, University Medical Center Nijmegen, 318 P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.a.bos@czzoger.azn.nl
authors: Anja
authors: A
authors: Bos
authors: Jaap J
authors: JJ
authors: Remmen
authors: Wim R M
authors: WR
authors: Aengevaeren
authors: Freek W A
authors: FW
authors: Verheugt
authors: Willibrord H L
authors: WH
authors: Hoefnagels
authors: René W M M
authors: RW
authors: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged / Q000523:psychology*; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D009426:Netherlands; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D018579:Patient Selection; D012107:Research Design; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires