title: Micronized flavonoids in pain control after hemorrhoidectomy: a prospective randomized controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We conducted a prospective randomized controlled study to evaluate the effect of micronized flavonoid fractions (MFF) on pain after hemorrhoidectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 112 consecutive patients randomly assigned either to receive MFF (group 1) for 1 week or not to receive MFF, as a control (group 2), after hemorrhoidectomy, The severity of pain and the number of intramuscular analgesic injections required were recorded for the first 3 days, then 1 week after hemorrhoidectomy. The number of days that intramuscular analgesic injections were required, hospital stay, and patient satisfaction were also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On postoperative day (POD) 1, there were no significant differences between the parameters of the two groups, but on PODs 2 and 3, both the pain score ( P = 0.033 and P = 0.011, respectively) and the number of patients who required intramuscular analgesic injections were significantly less in group 1 ( P = 0.022 and P = 0.007, respectively). Moreover, the hospital stay was shorter and patient satisfaction was superior in group 1 ( P = 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively). After 1 week, the pain score and number of intramuscular analgesic injections given were significantly less in group 1 ( P = 0.001 and P = 0.021).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using MFF after hemorrhoidectomy reduced the severity of pain and intramuscular analgesic requirement.
authors: Department of Surgery, Mersin Medical Faculty of Mersin University, Tip Fakultesi Hastanesi Zeytinlibahce C, 33079 Mersin, Turkey.
authors: Tahsin
authors: T
authors: Colak
authors: Tamer
authors: T
authors: Akca
authors: Musa
authors: M
authors: Dirlik
authors: Arzu
authors: A
authors: Kanik
authors: Ahmet
authors: A
authors: Dag
authors: Suha
authors: S
authors: Aydin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D005419:Flavonoids