title: Extraneural pathologic prion protein in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, pathologic disease-associated prion protein (PrPSc) has been identified only in the central nervous system and olfactory-nerve tissue. Understanding the distribution of PrPSc in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease is important for classification and diagnosis and perhaps even for prevention.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a highly sensitive method of detection--involving the concentration of PrPSc by differential precipitation with sodium phosphotungstic acid, which increased the sensitivity of Western blot analysis by up to three orders of magnitude--to search for PrPSc in extraneural organs of 36 patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease who died between 1996 and 2002.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PrPSc was present in the brain tissue of all patients. In addition, we found PrPSc in 10 of 28 spleen specimens and in 8 of 32 skeletal-muscle samples. Three patients had PrPSc in both spleen and muscle specimens. Patients with extraneural PrPSc had a significantly longer duration of disease and were more likely to have uncommon molecular variants of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease than were patients without extraneural PrPSc.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using sensitive techniques, we identified extraneural deposition of PrPSc in spleen and muscle samples from approximately one third of patients who died with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. Extraneural PrPSc appears to correlate with a long duration of disease.
authors: Institute of Neuropathology and National Reference Center for Prion Diseases, University Hospital of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Glatzel
authors: Eugenio
authors: E
authors: Abela
authors: Manuela
authors: M
authors: Maissen
authors: Adriano
authors: A
authors: Aguzzi
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018620:PrPSc Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011328:Prions / Q000235:genetics; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D018620:PrPSc Proteins; D011328:Prions