title: Paraspinal electromyography that compares concentric with monopolar needles: a blinded study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish interrater reliability for paraspinal muscle needle electromyography study with both monopolar and concentric needles in symptomatic and asymptomatic persons and to further establish normative data for paraspinal needle study.
  
  
  METHODS
  At a university spine center, participants with and without radiating low back pain were evaluated with the mini-paraspinal mapping paraspinal needle technique by an unblinded and a blinded electromyographer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the symptomatic group, the intraclass correlation coefficient between concentric and monopolar needles was 0.793; between monopolar needles, it was 0.876; and between concentric needles, it was 0.966. In the asymptomatic group, the mean total score was 0.25.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The good interrater reliability with the same needle type helps support the validity of the needle electromyography study of the paraspinal muscles. The good correlation between the concentric and monopolar needles shows the data published using monopolar needle data also apply to studies using paraspinal needle electromyography with concentric needles. The low score with the asymptomatic group reaffirms that using a cutoff score of >2 as abnormal has a false-positive rate of <5%.
authors: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48108-0744, USA.
authors: Henry C
authors: HC
authors: Tong
authors: Irene A
authors: IA
authors: Young
authors: John
authors: J
authors: Koch
authors: Andrew J
authors: AJ
authors: Haig
authors: Karen S J
authors: KS
authors: Yamakawa
authors: Agnes
authors: A
authors: Wallbom
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004576:Electromyography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D015203:Reproducibility of Results