title: Distinction of bloodstain patterns from fly artifacts.
abstract: Forensic scientists may encounter blood spatter at a scene which may be pure or a mixture of fly artifacts and human bloodstains. It is important to be able to make an informed identification, or at least advanced documentation of such stains since the mechanics of production of fly artifacts are not determinable to the crime scene reconstructionist from regular police forces. We describe three cases in which experiments and crime scene reconstruction led to additional information. Case 1: Above the position of a victim, numerous blood stains of the low-high-velocity type were found. Exclusion of these stains being caused by force (but instead caused by the activity of adult blow flies) by use of the following observations that were confirmed in experiments: (a) sperm-/tadpole-like structure with length > width, (b) random directionality, and (c) mixture of round symmetrical and teardrop shaped stains. Case 2: A reddish spatter field was found on a fan chain two rooms away from the place where a dead woman was found. Localization of the spatter on the bottom end of the surface hinted strongly towards fly activity. Case 3: Double homicide; submillimeter stains were found on a lamp between the two corpses. Activity of flies was less likely compared to alternative scenario of moving lampshade and violent stabbing.
authors: International Forensic Research & Consulting, Postfach 250411, 50520 Cologne, Germany. forensic@benecke.com
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Benecke
authors: Larry
authors: L
authors: Barksdale
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001801:Blood Stains; D002648:Child; D004175:Diptera; D004772:Entomology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D006708:Homicide; D006801:Humans; D007814:Larva; D008297:Male; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000473:pathology; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000473:pathology