title: Compressive and shear properties of commercially available polyurethane foams.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The shear properties of rigid polyurethane (PU-R) foams, routinely used to simulate cancellous bone, are not well characterized.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present assessment of the shear and compressive properties of four grades of Sawbones "Rigid cellular" PU-R foam tested 20 mm gauge diameter dumb-bell specimens in torsion and under axial loading.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Shear moduli ranged from 13.3 to 99.7 MPa, shear strengths from 0.7 MPa to 4.2 MPa. Compressive yield strains varied little with density while shear yield strains had peak values with "200 kgm-3" grade.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PU-R foams may be used to simulate the elastic but not failure properties of cancellous bone.
authors: Department of Orthopaedics, Lund University Hospital, Lund 22185, Sweden. mark.thompson@ort.lu.se
authors: Mark S
authors: MS
authors: Thompson
authors: Ian D
authors: ID
authors: McCarthy
authors: Lars
authors: L
authors: Lidgren
authors: Leif
authors: L
authors: Ryd
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D019245:Compressive Strength; D004548:Elasticity; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D033081:Shear Strength; D019415:Torque; D016474:Weight-Bearing
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011140:Polyurethanes; C028279:polyurethane foam