Xanthomonas type III effector XopD targets SUMO-conjugated proteins in planta.
Xanthomonas campestris pathovar vesicatoria (Xcv) uses the type III secretion system (TTSS) to inject effector proteins into cells of Solanaceous plants during pathogenesis. A number of Xcv TTSS effectors have been identified; however, their function in planta remains elusive. Here, we provide direct evidence for a functional role for a phytopathogenic bacterial TTSS effector in planta by demonstrating that the Xcv effector XopD encodes an active cysteine protease with plant-specific SUMO substrate specificity. XopD is injected into plant cells by the TTSS during Xcv pathogenesis, translocated to subnuclear foci and hydrolyses SUMO-conjugated proteins in vivo. Our studies suggest that XopD mimics endogenous plant SUMO isopeptidases to interfere with the regulation of host proteins during Xcv infection.
Hotson
Andrew
A
Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5020, USA.
Chosed
Renee
R
Shu
Hongjun
H
Orth
Kim
K
Mudgett
Mary Beth
MB
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000382:microbiology*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D016959:Xanthomonas campestris / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases