title: Bordetella pertussis can act as adjuvant as well as inhibitor of immune responses to non-replicating nasal vaccines.
abstract: In mice immunised intranasally with an inactivated whole-virus influenza (INV) vaccine, or ovalbumin (OVA), formalin-inactivated Bordetella pertussis (Bp) augmented antibody responses to the same degree as did cholera toxin (CT) when simply being mixed with INV or OVA. In order to study possible non-carrier effects of mucosal adjuvants, mice were given Bp or CT intranasally 1 day before or 1 day after the INV vaccines. At high antigen doses, both Bp and CT had an adjuvant effect on antibodies in serum also when given 1 day after the vaccine. However, Bp and CT inhibited such antibody responses in serum and saliva when given 1 day ahead of the vaccine. This inhibitory effect was most marked at low antigen doses, i.e. when the adjuvant effect was less obvious. In that event, Bp also inhibited responses in serum and saliva when given 1 day after the INV vaccine. The inhibition of these responses may thus depend on Bp and CT themselves being strongly immunogenic, and competing with INV for the functional capacity of the mucosal immune system.
authors: Division of Infectious Disease Control, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, P.O. Box 4404 Nydalen, N-0403 Oslo, Norway.
authors: Anita
authors: A
authors: Haugan
authors: Phuong Xuan
authors: PX
authors: Thi Dao
authors: Nina
authors: N
authors: Glende
authors: Hilde
authors: H
authors: Bakke
authors: Inger Lise
authors: IL
authors: Haugen
authors: Libuse
authors: L
authors: Janakova
authors: Aud Katrine Herland
authors: AK
authors: Berstad
authors: Johan
authors: J
authors: Holst
authors: Bjørn
authors: B
authors: Haneberg
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001886:Bordetella pertussis / Q000276:immunology*; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000187:drug effects*; D007114:Immunization; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D014612:Vaccines; D010047:Ovalbumin; D002772:Cholera Toxin