Influences of apolipoprotein E polymorphism on the response of plasma lipids to the ad libitum consumption of a high-carbohydrate diet compared with a high-monounsaturated fatty acid diet.
The purpose of this study was to assess the contribution of the apolipoprotein E (apoE) polymorphism and factors, such as age and waist circumference, to variations in plasma low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) response following ad libitum consumption of a diet rich in complex carbohydrates (high-CHO: 58% of energy as CHO) versus a diet rich in fat and monounsaturated fatty acids (high-MUFA: fat, 40% of energy and 22% as MUFA). Sixty-five men participated in this parallel 6- to 7-week study involving either a high-CHO or a high-MUFA diet. Fasting plasma lipid profile and anthropometry were determined at the beginning and at the end of the dietary period. The high-CHO and high-MUFA diets both induced significant (P<.01) and comparable reductions in body weight and waist circumference. These changes were associated with a significant (P<.01) and comparable decrease in LDL-C (-19% and -16%, respectively). Stepwise multiple regression analyses showed that 32% of the variation in the LDL-C response to the high-CHO diet was attributable to the apoE polymorphism (18.5%, P=.04) and waist circumference (13.5%, P=.03) indicating that men with a waist circumference greater than 100 cm and the E2 allele had the greatest reduction in plasma LDL-C after the high-CHO diet. On the other hand, in the high-MUFA group, waist circumference was the only significant contributing factor to the LDL-C response and accounted for 44.5% of its variance. In conclusion, the plasma LDL-C response to ad libitum comsumption of a high-CHO and a high-MUFA diets are not modulated to the same extent by the apoE polymorphism and waist circumference.
Couture
Patrick
P
Lipid Research Center, CHUL Research Center, Québec, Canada.
Archer
W Roodly
WR
Lamarche
Benoît
B
Landry
Nancy
N
Dériaz
Olivier
O
Corneau
Louise
L
Bergeron
Jean
J
Bergeron
Nathalie
N
D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000235:genetics; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D004247:DNA