Galpha12 and Galpha13 as key regulatory mediator in signal transduction.
It is generally thought that Galpha(12) and Galpha(13)-induced responses are exclusively mediated by small G protein Rho. However, Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) elicit divergent cellular responses: phospholipase C-epsilon activation, phospholipase D activation, cytoskeletal change, oncogenic response, apoptosis, MAP kinase activation and Na/H-exchange activation. In addition to Rho activation through RhoGEF, it has been recently demonstrated that Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) interact with several proteins and regulate their activities. However, physiological importance of the interaction of Galpha(12) and Galpha(13) with these proteins has not fully established. I summarize the recent progress of Galpha(12) and Galpha(13)-mediated signaling cascade.
Kurose
Hitoshi
H
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, 812-8582, Fukuoka, Japan. kurose@phar.kyushu-u.ac.jp
D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015820:Cadherins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins; C093173:AKAP6 protein, human; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D001798:Blood Proteins; D015820:Cadherins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D020703:ras GTPase-Activating Proteins; C071776:radixin; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051418:Focal Adhesion Kinase 2; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; C089641:protein phosphatase 5; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins