Polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) hemeostasis: the role of PHA synthase.
Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) are biodegradable polymers with properties of thermoplastics Production of these polymers in an economically competitive fashion via bioengineering requires an understanding of the biosynthetic pathway and its regulation. This review summarizes our current knowledge of the mechanism of the class I and III PHA synthases: the initiation, elongation and termination processes. It also summarizes our current understanding of the phase transition from soluble substrates (coenzyme A esters of beta-hydroxyalkanoates) to insoluble granules and our understanding of the requirement for a transcription factor, phasin proteins, and depolymerases in PHA homeostasis.
Stubbe
JoAnne
J
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. stubbe@mit.edu
Tian
Jiamin
J
D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D003065:Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016296:Mutagenesis; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D011108:Polymers; C111948:poly(hydroxyethanoate); D000217:Acyltransferases; C077225:poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase; D003065:Coenzyme A