title: Arsenic trioxide inhibits translation of mRNA of bcr-abl, resulting in attenuation of Bcr-Abl levels and apoptosis of human leukemia cells.
abstract: Present studies demonstrate that treatment with arsenic trioxide (AT) lowered ectopically expressed or endogenous levels of Bcr-Abl protein, as well as induced apoptosis of Bcr-Abl-expressing cultured and primary chronic myeloid leukemia cells, including those refractory to imatinib mesylate. Treatment with AT neither affected bcr-abl mRNA transcript levels nor promoted the proteasomal degradation of Bcr-Abl. Importantly, in [(35)S]methionine-labeled leukemia cells, exposure to AT rapidly lowered the levels of the newly synthesized Bcr-Abl, indicating inhibition of bcr-abl mRNA translation. Treatment with AT rapidly inhibited the activity of 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1, as well as of p70 S6 kinase-1. p70 S6 kinase-1 is known to be a positive regulator of the translation of a group of mRNAs that possesses a long and highly structured 5'-untranslated region (UTR) containing a tract of oligopyrimidines (TOP). Because bcr-abl mRNA was discovered to possess a long and highly structured 5'-UTR containing a 12-pyrimidine TOP sequence in its 5'-UTR, we determined the effect of AT in Jurkat cells with ectopic expression of a 5'-UTR-deleted mutant of the bcr-abl gene, i.e., Jurkat/Bcr-Abl (5'UTR-) cells. Treatment with AT neither lowered the levels of the 5'-UTR-deleted mutant of Bcr-Abl nor induced apoptosis of Jurkat/Bcr-Abl (5'UTR-) cells. Taken together, these findings demonstrate a novel mechanism by which AT down-regulates Bcr-Abl levels and induces apoptosis of Bcr-Abl-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia cells.
authors: Interdisciplinary Oncology Program, Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, University of South Florida, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
authors: Ramadevi
authors: R
authors: Nimmanapalli
authors: Purva
authors: P
authors: Bali
authors: Erica
authors: E
authors: O'Bryan
authors: Lianne
authors: L
authors: Fuino
authors: Fei
authors: F
authors: Guo
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Wu
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Houghton
authors: Kapil
authors: K
authors: Bhalla
mesh_terms: D064413:3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases; D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D039561:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016313:Genes, abl / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D001152:Arsenicals; D039561:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E; D010087:Oxides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl; D064413:3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases; C578562:PDPK1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide