title: Urodynamic findings in men operated on for an undescended testicle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that men with a history of undescended testicle have voiding problems similar to those in rodents exposed to excessive amounts of oestrogens during development, although the role of oestrogen in the failure of the human testicle to descend remains controversial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen men (mean age 45 years) previously operated on for an undescended testicle (testis-retention, TR group) and 12 age-matched men operated on for inguinal hernia or appendicitis (control group) participated in a urodynamic examination, transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS) of the prostate, and blood tests for hormones and prostate-specific protein. They also completed a questionnaire on urinary symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The free maximum flow rate was significantly lower and the detrusor pressure at maximum flow (P(det)Q(max)) slightly higher in the TR than the control group. Three men in the TR group (and none of the controls) had bladder outlet obstruction (BOO), whereas voiding was not obstructed among 11 control men (and five men in the TR group). The hormone concentrations of the groups did not differ significantly but the prostates were significantly smaller in the TR group. The testosterone concentrations and the ratio between 17beta-oestradiol (E2) and free testosterone (E2/fT) influenced prostate size significantly. An exploratory analysis suggested that E2/fT may influence the maximum detrusor pressure and P(det)Q(max).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Men born with an undescended testicle had smaller prostates but more often had BOO than did the controls. The results suggest that an imbalance between the actions of oestrogen and testosterone may influence the initiation and continuance of BOO among cryptorchid men.
authors: Paediatric Research Centre, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. tuija.lahdes-vasama@pshp.fi
authors: T T
authors: TT
authors: Lahdes-Vasama
authors: J E
authors: JE
authors: Koskimäki
authors: T K
authors: TK
authors: Streng
authors: R D
authors: RD
authors: Fisch
authors: E A
authors: EA
authors: Nilson
authors: R S
authors: RS
authors: Santti
authors: T L J
authors: TL
authors: Tammela
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011469:Prostatic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014463:Ultrasonography; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D013739:Testosterone; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen