The role of managed care pharmacy in reducing medication errors.
OBJECTIVE
To outline some of the causes of medication errors and recommend ways that managed care pharmacy organizations and managed care pharmacists can prevent some of these errors through practitioner and patient education.


BACKGROUND
Patient safety has become a major concern since the November 1999 release of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) report, To Err Is Human. Errors involving prescription medications are responsible for up to 7,000 American deaths per year and the financial costs of drug-related morbidity and mortality may cost nearly $77 billion US dollars a year. The Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) collects and analyzes voluntary confidential medication error reports and makes recommendations on the prevention of these errors. This article uses the expertise of ISMP in medication error prevention to make recommendations on educational programs for patients and managed care and community pharmacists to reduce medication errors in the outpatient (community) setting. These educational areas focus on patient education, compliance, and health care literacy.


CONCLUSIONS
Managed care pharmacy is well positioned to affect change in the health care system. Through information dissemination and education, managed care pharmacists should play a more active role in medication error-reduction activities by improving the patient education process and in assisting the pharmacy community in its goal of improving patient safety.
Grissinger
Matthew C
MC
Institute for Safe Medication Practices, 1800 Byberry Road, Suite 810, Huntingdon Valley, PA 19006-3520, USA. mgrissinger@ismp.org
Globus
Nancy J
NJ
Fricker
Matthew P
MP
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003157:Community Pharmacy Services; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010349:Patient Compliance