Heparan sulfate core proteins in cell-cell signaling.
Heparan sulfate (HS) binds numerous extracellular ligands, including cell-cell signaling molecules and their signal-transducing receptors. Ligand binding sites in HS have specific sulfation patterns; and several observations suggest that the HS sulfation pattern is the same for every HS chain that a cell synthesizes, regardless of the core protein to which it is attached. Nonetheless, virtually every Drosophila, zebrafish, Xenopus, and mouse that lacks a specific HS core protein has a mutant phenotype, even though other HS core proteins are expressed in the affected cells. Genetic manipulation of HS core protein genes is beginning to indicate that HS core proteins have functional specificities that are required during distinct stages of development.
Kramer
Kenneth L
KL
Center for Children, Huntsman Cancer Institute, Department of Oncological Sciences and Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-0550, USA. kkramer@hci.utah.edu
Yost
H Joseph
HJ
D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D006056:Golgi Apparatus / Q000502:physiology; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D014981:Xenopus
D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans