title: Toll-like receptor 5 recognizes a conserved site on flagellin required for protofilament formation and bacterial motility.
abstract: Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5) recognizes bacterial flagellin and activates host inflammatory responses. In this study, we examine the nature of the TLR5-flagellin interaction. With deletional, insertional and alanine-scanning mutagenesis, we precisely mapped the TLR5 recognition site on flagellin to a cluster of 13 amino acid residues that participate in intermolecular interactions within flagellar protofilaments and that are required for bacterial motility. The recognition site is buried in the flagellar filament, and monomeric flagellin, but not the filamentous molecule, stimulated TLR5. Finally, flagellin coprecipitated with TLR5, indicating close physical interaction between the molecules. These studies demonstrate the exquisite ability of the innate immune system to precisely target a conserved site on flagellin that is essential for bacterial motility.
authors: Institute for Systems Biology, 1441 North 34th Street, Seattle, Washington 98103, USA. kelsmith@u.washington.edu
authors: Kelly D
authors: KD
authors: Smith
authors: Erica
authors: E
authors: Andersen-Nissen
authors: Fumitaka
authors: F
authors: Hayashi
authors: Katie
authors: K
authors: Strobe
authors: Molly A
authors: MA
authors: Bergman
authors: Sara L Rassoulian
authors: SL
authors: Barrett
authors: Brad T
authors: BT
authors: Cookson
authors: Alan
authors: A
authors: Aderem
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D005407:Flagella / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005408:Flagellin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017354:Point Mutation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C495346:TLR5 protein, human; D051198:Toll-Like Receptor 5; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D005408:Flagellin; D000409:Alanine