title: Determination of carotenoid and vitamin A concentrations in everted salmonid intestine following exposure to solutions of carotenoid in vitro.
abstract: Carotenoid (astaxanthin and canthaxanthin) concentrations in everted intestine from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss, Walbaum) and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar, L.) exposed to micelle solubilised carotenoid, have been determined. Following exposure (1 h) to astaxanthin solution (5 mg l(-1)), trout pyloric caeca and mid intestine had higher (P<0.05) mean tissue astaxanthin concentrations (0.50+/-0.08 microg g(-1) and 0.54+/-0.09 microg g(-1), respectively) compared to hind intestine (0.04+/-0.01 microg g(-1); n=11+/-S.E.). Furthermore, the astaxanthin concentration in pyloric caeca (0.50+/-0.08 microg g(-1)) was greater (P<0.05) than that of canthaxanthin (0.11+/-0.01 microg g(-1); n=11, +/-S.E.) when exposed to solutions of similar carotenoid concentration (5.11+/-0.16 mg l(-1) and 5.35+/-0.16 mg l(-1), respectively; n=3+/-S.E.). However, no differences (P>0.05) were recorded between trout and salmon intestinal tissue in terms of astaxanthin concentration following exposure. Trout caeca exposed to astaxanthin solution had significantly (P<0.05) more vitamin A (514.1+/-36.4 microg g(-1)) compared to control tissues (316.5+/-61.7 microg g(-1); n=8+/-S.E.). Vitamin A(1) concentrations in caeca (287.7+/-11.0 microg g(-1)) exposed to astaxanthin solution were significantly higher (P<0.05) compared to controls (174.9+/-26.9 microg g(-1)). However, vitamin A(2) concentrations were not significantly (P>0.05) different (226.3+/-28.2 microg g(-1) and 141.6+/-35.2 microg g(-1), respectively).
authors: School of Biological Sciences, University of Plymouth, Drake Circus, Plymouth, Devon, PL4 8AA, England, UK. daniel.white@nottingham.ac.uk
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: White
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Ørnsrud
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Davies
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects*; D008823:Micelles; D012487:Salmonidae / Q000378:metabolism*; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008823:Micelles; D014801:Vitamin A; D002338:Carotenoids