title: Etoposide, vinblastine, adriamycin and prednisolone (EVAP) combination chemotherapy as first-line treatment for Hodgkin's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, prednisolone (MOPP) and doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, dacarbazine (ABVD) are well established first-line chemotherapy protocols for the treatment of Hodgkin's disease. The aim of this study was to try a new combination of drugs that individually have a proven efficacy in Hodgkin's disease but have less incidence of severe nausea, vomiting, pulmonary toxicity and sterility.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective, single-arm study enrolled 66 newly diagnosed, previously untreated patients of Hodgkin's disease with stages IA (bulky)-IVB disease. They were given 6-8 courses of etoposide, vinblastine, doxorubicin and prednisolone (EVAP) as first-line chemotherapy between January 1992 and December 1997. Radiotherapy (RT) was given to the involved fields of those patients who had bulky (> or = 10 cm) stages I or II disease at presentation. The end-points were (i) complete and overall response; (ii) disease-free and overall survival; and (iii) toxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete response was seen in 78.8% and partial response in 12.2% of patients; the overall response rate was 91%. The median follow up was 48 months. The 5-year overall and disease-free survivals were 72% and 62%, respectively. There were 3 episodes of grade IV neutropenia requiring hospitalization. One patient developed avascular necrosis of the femur. There were 2 deaths during treatment, one due to chemotoxicity, and another due to progressive disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall and complete responses were fractionally inferior to the recently published hybrid MOPP/ ABV combination and that of ABVD chemotherapy. The advantages of the EVAP combination are absence of pulmonary toxicity, markedly lower incidence of sterility and nausea and vomiting. EVAP is an attractive option and a randomized trial is warranted to assess its efficacy against established protocols.
authors: Department of Medical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110029, India.
authors: Vinod
authors: V
authors: Raina
authors: Atul
authors: A
authors: Sharma
authors: Bidhu K
authors: BK
authors: Mohanti
authors: Rajive
authors: R
authors: Kumar
authors: Ramesh
authors: R
authors: Dawar
authors: Goura K
authors: GK
authors: Rath
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005047:Etoposide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012074:Remission Induction; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014747:Vinblastine; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D011241:Prednisone