title: Memory and effector T cells modulate subsequently primed immune responses to unrelated antigens.
abstract: Memory and effector T cells modulate subsequently primed T cell responses to the same antigen. However, little is known about the impact of pre-existing memory and effector T cell immunity on subsequently primed immune responses to unrelated antigens. Here, we show that an antigen-primed first wave of Th1 and Th2 immunity enhanced or inhibited the subsequently primed T cell immunity to an unrelated antigen, depending on whether the second antigen was administered in the same or opposite type of adjuvant. The regulatory effects of the first wave of T cell immunity on the subsequent T cell responses to an unrelated antigen attenuated over time. Notably, following challenge with the second antigen, there was a mutual cross-regulation between the first and second wave of humoral responses to unrelated antigens. Thus, immunization with one antigen not only primes immune responses to that antigen, but also influences subsequently primed immune responses to unrelated antigens.
authors: Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1735, USA. jtian@mednet.ucla.edu
authors: Jide
authors: J
authors: Tian
authors: Yuxin
authors: Y
authors: Lu
authors: Lorraine
authors: L
authors: Hanssen
authors: Hoa
authors: H
authors: Dang
authors: Daniel L
authors: DL
authors: Kaufman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000502:physiology; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000276:immunology; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant