title: Oral capecitabine as an alternative to i.v. 5-fluorouracil-based adjuvant therapy for colon cancer: safety results of a randomized, phase III trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral capecitabine achieves a superior response rate with an improved safety profile compared with bolus 5-fluorouracil-leucovorin (5-FU/LV) as first-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. We report here the results of a large phase III trial investigating adjuvant oral capecitabine compared with 5-FU/LV (Mayo Clinic regimen) in Dukes' C colon cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients aged 18-75 years with resected Dukes' C colon carcinoma were randomized to receive 24 weeks of treatment with either oral capecitabine 1250 mg/m(2) twice daily, days 1-14 every 21 days (n = 993), or i.v. bolus 5-FU 425 mg/m(2) with i.v. leucovorin 20 mg/m(2) on days 1-5, repeated every 28 days (n = 974).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients receiving capecitabine experienced significantly (P <0.001) less diarrhea, stomatitis, nausea/vomiting, alopecia and neutropenia, but more hand-foot syndrome than those receiving 5-FU/LV. Fewer patients receiving capecitabine experienced grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, febrile neutropenia/sepsis and stomatitis (P <0.001), although more experienced grade 3 hand-foot syndrome than those treated with 5-FU/LV (P <0.001). Capecitabine demonstrates a similar, favorable safety profile in patients aged <65 years or > or = 65 years old.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on its improved safety profile, capecitabine has the potential to replace 5-FU/LV as standard adjuvant treatment for patients with colon cancer. Efficacy results are expected to be available in Keywords: Adjuvant treatment, capecitabine, chemotherapy, colorectal cancer
authors: Klinik für Innere Medizin I, Vienna University Medical School, Vienna, Austria. Werner.Scheithauer@akh-wien.ac.at
authors: W
authors: W
authors: Scheithauer
authors: J
authors: J
authors: McKendrick
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Begbie
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Borner
authors: W I
authors: WI
authors: Burns
authors: H A
authors: HA
authors: Burris
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Cassidy
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Jodrell
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Koralewski
authors: E L
authors: EL
authors: Levine
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Marschner
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Maroun
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Garcia-Alfonso
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Tujakowski
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Van Hazel
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Wong
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Zaluski
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Twelves
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069287:Capecitabine; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D002955:Leucovorin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069287:Capecitabine; D002955:Leucovorin; D005472:Fluorouracil