Pulmonary venous wedge pressure provides an accurate assessment of pulmonary artery pressure in children with a bidirectional Glenn shunt.
OBJECTIVE
In circulations with pulsatile pulmonary artery flow the pulmonary venous wedge pressure (PVWp) has been validated as a good estimate of pulmonary artery pressure (PAp), when PAp is low. The purpose of this study was to validate PVWp estimates of PAp in the less-pulsatile pulmonary circulation of children after bidirectional Glenn shunts.


METHODS
A retrospective study was performed of 22 simultaneous measurements of PVWp and PAp made during 20 catheterizations in 19 children who had undergone bidirectional Glenn procedures. The PAp was measured directly from the branch PA ipsilateral to the side of the PVWp, or in the SVC. Pulmonary resistance (Rp) was calculated with both PAp and PVWp, to assess the impact of PAp estimates on Rp determinations.


RESULTS
Patients ranged in age from 5 months to 10.7 years. There were a variety of univentricular cardiac malformations in the study group. Two children had antegrade pulmonary blood flow in addition to a bidirectional Glenn shunt. The mean PAp ranged from 4 to 14 mmHg, while mean PVWp ranged from 3 to 15 mmHg. Mean PVWp never differed from mean PAp by more than 3 mmHg. There was a significant linear relation between mean PAp and PVWp: PAp = 0.86 (PVWp) + 2.0 (R2 = 0.89; P < 0.0001). PVWp provided a good approximation of PAp regardless of the presence (n = 2) or absence (n = 19) of antegrade pulmonary flow. There was a good linear correlation between the Rp calculated by both methods (RpPAp = 0.9 (RpVWp) + 0.5; R2 = 0.74; P < 0.0001).


CONCLUSIONS
The mean PVWp provides a close approximation of mean PAp in children with a bidirectional Glenn shunt and provides valuable hemodynamic information in cases where direct PAp measurements are unavailable.
Gruenstein
Daniel H
DH
Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Rainbow Babies' & Children's Hospital, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA. dgrueny@hotmail.com
Spicer
Robert L
RL
Shim
David
D
Beekman
Robert H
RH
D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014684:Venae Cavae / Q000601:surgery; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right / Q000502:physiology