title: Therapeutic outcome and prognostic factors in the radiotherapy of recurrences of cervical carcinoma following surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy in patients with recurrences of cervical carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  26 patients who underwent radiation therapy for recurrences of cervical carcinoma following surgery between 1989 and 1999 were retrospectively analyzed. 17 patients had inoperable or macroscopic residual tumor. Nine patients had a complete/microscopically incomplete tumor resection. Depending on tumor burden and location of the recurrence, external beam radiotherapy or a combination with brachytherapy was delivered to a total dose of 50-65 Gy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5-year overall survival was 28%, relapse-free survival 24%, pelvic control 48%. Therapeutic outcome was related to the margins of resection, location of recurrence and technique of radiotherapy. In case of surgery without residual or microscopic tumor, the 5-year survival rate was 67%, with macroscopic tumor no patient was alive after 37 months (p = 0.05). 5-year overall survival was 42% for central recurrences, 10% for recurrences with pelvic wall infiltration. Recurrences confined to the vagina or paravaginal tissue had a higher 5-year overall probability as compared to all other patients (57% vs. 14%). All patients treated with combined radiotherapy were alive, whereas all patients treated only with external radiotherapy were dead after 32 months (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The probability of controlling recurrence mostly depends on a small tumor burden with the possibility of brachytherapy and/or complete surgery. Aggressive treatment modalities like radiochemotherapy and/or higher radiation doses are needed, especially for recurrences with infiltration of the pelvic wall and/or with macroscopic tumor.
authors: Department of Radiotherapy, University of Göttingen, Germany. a.hille@med.uni-goettingen.de
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Hille
authors: Elisabeth
authors: E
authors: Weiss
authors: Clemens F
authors: CF
authors: Hess
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001918:Brachytherapy; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000473:pathology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery