Retraction in amoeboid cell motility powered by cytoskeletal dynamics.
Cells crawl by coupling protrusion of their leading edge with retraction of their cell body. Protrusion is generated by the polymerization and bundling of filaments, but the mechanism of retraction is less clear. We have reconstituted retraction in vitro by adding Yersinia tyrosine phosphatase to the major sperm protein-based motility apparatus assembled from Ascaris sperm extracts. Retraction in vitro parallels that observed in vivo and is generated primarily by disassembly and rearrangement of the cytoskeleton. Therefore, cytoskeletal dynamics alone, unassisted by conventional motors, are able to generate both of these central components of amoeboid locomotion.
Miao
Long
L
Department of Biological Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306, USA.
Vanderlinde
Orion
O
Stewart
Murray
M
Roberts
Thomas M
TM
D000199:Actins / Q000502:physiology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017165:Ascaris suum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D001704:Biopolymers; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002457:Cell Extracts; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000502:physiology; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology*; D015801:Helminth Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D009218:Myosins / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015008:Yersinia enterocolitica / Q000201:enzymology
D000199:Actins; D001704:Biopolymers; D002457:Cell Extracts; D015801:Helminth Proteins; C050602:major sperm protein, nematode; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D009218:Myosins