title: A comparative study of machine-learning methods to predict the effects of single nucleotide polymorphisms on protein function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The large volume of single nucleotide polymorphism data now available motivates the development of methods for distinguishing neutral changes from those which have real biological effects. Here, two different machine-learning methods, decision trees and support vector machines (SVMs), are applied for the first time to this problem. In common with most other methods, only non-synonymous changes in protein coding regions of the genome are considered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In detailed cross-validation analysis, both learning methods are shown to compete well with existing methods, and to out-perform them in some key tests. SVMs show better generalization performance, but decision trees have the advantage of generating interpretable rules with robust estimates of prediction confidence. It is shown that the inclusion of protein structure information produces more accurate methods, in agreement with other recent studies, and the effect of using predicted rather than actual structure is evaluated.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Software is available on request from the authors.
authors: School of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.
authors: V G
authors: VG
authors: Krishnan
authors: D R
authors: DR
authors: Westhead
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000379:methods*; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein / Q000379:methods*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D011506:Proteins