title: Vaccination of rhesus macaques with a recombinant measles virus expressing interleukin-12 alters humoral and cellular immune responses.
abstract: Lack of a vaccine for infants and immunosuppression after infection are problems associated with measles virus (MV). Because interleukin (IL)-12 has been used successfully as a vaccine adjuvant and because inhibition of IL-12 expression has been associated with immunosuppression during measles, the addition of IL-12 may enhance the immune response to MV. To determine the effect of IL-12 supplementation, rhesus macaques were vaccinated with a recombinant MV expressing IL-12; these macaques had increased interferon-gamma production by CD4(+) T cells, decreased production of IL-4, and lower levels of MV-specific immunoglobulin G4 and neutralizing antibody. Lymphoproliferative responses to mitogen were not improved. IL-12 supplementation altered the T helper type 2 bias of the immune response after MV vaccination, had a detrimental effect on the protective neutralizing antibody response, and did not improve other manifestations of immunosuppression. Reduced IL-12 levels are not the sole factor in MV-induced immunosuppression.
authors: W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
authors: Scott J
authors: SJ
authors: Hoffman
authors: Fernando P
authors: FP
authors: Polack
authors: Debra A
authors: DA
authors: Hauer
authors: Mahender
authors: M
authors: Singh
authors: Martin A
authors: MA
authors: Billeter
authors: Robert J
authors: RJ
authors: Adams
authors: Diane E
authors: DE
authors: Griffin
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D053804:Granzymes; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008459:Measles virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D018664:Interleukin-12; D053804:Granzymes; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases