title: The effects of irrigation fluid volume and irrigation time on fluid electrolyte balance and hemodynamics in percutaneous nephrolithotripsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to determine fluid-electrolyte and hemodynamics changes and complications associated with irrigation fluid volume and time in percutaneous nephrolithotripsy in that 0.9% NaCl was used as irrigant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standard anaesthetic procedures were performed to 6 women and 16 men. Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure, Na+, K+, osmolality, haemoglobin, haematocrit were recorded before, during and after irrigation every 10 minutes. Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen were determined before and after irrigation. Moreover, the operation and irrigation times, irrigation fluid volume, total fluid output versus input, blood transfusions and complications were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean arterial pressure, heart rate, central venous pressure, Na+, K+, osmolality did not change significantly during and after irrigation and no relationship was observed between those with irrigation volume and time. Creatinine and blood urea nitrogen values during and after irrigation did not change significantly versus those before irrigation. Although no blood transfusion was needed for any case during the procedure, it was necessary for two cases after the procedure. One case with pneumothorax that developed during procedure was treated by inserting a thoracic tube.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no significant changes in fluid-electrolyte balance and hemodynamics related to both irrigation fluid volume and irrigation time when 0.9% NaCl was used in PNL.
authors: Department of Anaesthesiology, Inonu University School of Medicine, Turgut Ozal Medical Center Malatya, Turkey.
authors: Ahmet
authors: A
authors: Köroğlu
authors: Türkan
authors: T
authors: Toğal
authors: Müslüm
authors: M
authors: Ciçek
authors: Süleyman
authors: S
authors: Kiliç
authors: Alaattin
authors: A
authors: Ayas
authors: M Ozcan
authors: MO
authors: Ersoy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous / Q000379:methods*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance