Spatiotemporal changes of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor in rat hearts during postnatal development and in cultured cardiomyocytes of neonatal rat.
Coxsackievirus B is the most common cause of viral myocarditis and is particularly virulent in neonates and children. Adenovirus is also a leading cause of the disease. The determinant of tropism for both viruses is considered to be the expression of coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) in target organs. However, developmental change and physiological localization of CAR in the heart are unknown. We examined expression levels of CAR in rat hearts by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot analysis and found that CAR decreased gradually during postnatal development, although CAR was detectable, even in adults. Immunohistochemistry revealed CAR on the whole surface of cardiomyocytes in immature rat hearts. In contrast, CAR was detected predominantly on intercalated disks in the adult heart and was accumulated especially at the contact point between the cultured cardiomyocytes, even though they were prepared from the neonatal rat heart. In conclusion, CAR was expressed abundantly on the whole surface of cardiomyocytes in immature rat hearts. Both the expression level and the localization of CAR are possible determinants of the susceptibility to viral myocarditis of neonates and children.
Kashimura
Takeshi
T
Division of Cardiology, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 1-754 Asahimachi, 951-8510, Niigata, Japan. kashi@med.niigata-u.ac.jp
Kodama
Makoto
M
Hotta
Yuko
Y
Hosoya
Junichi
J
Yoshida
Kaori
K
Ozawa
Takuya
T
Watanabe
Ritsuo
R
Okura
Yuji
Y
Kato
Kiminori
K
Hanawa
Haruo
H
Kuwano
Ryozo
R
Aizawa
Yoshifusa
Y
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000032:analysis; D062727:Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006321:Heart / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000821:virology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009206:Myocardium / Q000737:chemistry; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000821:virology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D014018:Tissue Distribution
C568773:Clmp protein, rat; D018031:Connexin 43; D062727:Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011991:Receptors, Virus