The neointimal response to endovascular injury is increased in obese Zucker rats.
BACKGROUND
Restenosis after revascularization procedures is accelerated in persons with type 2 diabetes.


OBJECTIVE
The current study tested the hypothesis that the neointimal response to endovascular injury is enhanced in female obese Zucker (OZ) rats, a model of type 2 diabetes.


METHODS
Animals were randomized to receive either a standard diet (SD) or a diabetogenic diet (DD) for 6 weeks. Four weeks later, balloon injury of the right common carotid artery was induced. All rats were euthanized 2 weeks after injury. Lean Zucker (LZ) rats served as controls.


RESULTS
At the time of death, plasma glucose was elevated in OZ rats fed a SD (208 +/- 13 mg/dl) and a DD (288 +/- 21 mg/dl) compared to corresponding LZ rats (SD: 153 +/- 8; DD: 132 +/- 7 mg/dl). The ratio of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) to total cholesterol (Totc), an index of atherogenicity, was reduced in OZ rats on both diets (SD: 0.77 +/- 0.06; DD: 0.80 +/- 0.09) compared to LZ controls (SD: 1.11 +/- 0.02; DD: 1.20 +/- 0.05). Histomorphometric analysis of injured arteries showed that the intima to media (I : M) ratio was significantly increased in OZ (1.37 +/- 0.07) compared to LZ (0.79 +/- 0.08) rats. Elevations in plasma glucose and triglycerides (Tg) correlated positively and decreases in HDLc negatively with an increased I : M ratio. Administration of the DD did not further enhance the I : M ratio in LZ (0.87 +/- 0.06) or OZ (1.29 +/- 0.09) rats.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that neointima formation following endoluminal injury of the carotid artery is enhanced at an early stage in the development of diabetes mellitus.
Shelton
J
J
Departments of Medicine, Vascular Biology & Hypertension Program of the Division of Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Wang
D
D
Gupta
H
H
Wyss
J M
JM
Oparil
S
S
White
C R
CR
D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000473:pathology; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D009765:Obesity; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids