title: Shear stress increases ICAM-1 and decreases VCAM-1 and E-selectin expressions induced by tumor necrosis factor-[alpha] in endothelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are subjected to shear stress and cytokine stimulation. We studied the interplay between shear stress and cytokine in modulating the expression of adhesion molecule genes in ECs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Shear stress (20 dynes/cm2) was applied to ECs prior to and/or following the addition of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha. Shear stress increased the TNF-alpha-induced expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) at both mRNA and surface protein levels, but decreased the TNF-alpha-induced expression of vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and E-selectin. Transfection studies using promoter reporter gene constructs of ICAM-1, VCAM-1, and E-selectin demonstrated that these shear stress modulations of gene expression occur at the transcriptional levels. After 24-hour preshearing followed by 1 hour of static incubation, the effect of preshearing on TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 mRNA expression vanished. The recovery of the TNF-alpha-induced VCAM-1 and E-selectin mRNA expressions following preshearing, however, required a static incubation time of >6 hours (complete recovery at 24 hours). Pre- and postshearing caused a reduction in the nuclear factor-kappaB-DNA binding activity induced by TNF-alpha in the EC nucleus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that shear stress plays differential roles in modulating the TNF-alpha-induced expressions of ICAM-1 versus VCAM-1 and E-selectin genes in ECs.
authors: Division of Medical Engineering Research, National Health Research Institutes, Taipei 114, Taiwan, ROC. jjchiu@nhri.org.tw
authors: Jeng-Jiann
authors: JJ
authors: Chiu
authors: Pei-Ling
authors: PL
authors: Lee
authors: Cheng-Nan
authors: CN
authors: Chen
authors: Chih-I
authors: CI
authors: Lee
authors: Shun-Fu
authors: SF
authors: Chang
authors: Li-Jing
authors: LJ
authors: Chen
authors: Sheng-Chieh
authors: SC
authors: Lien
authors: Ya-Chen
authors: YC
authors: Ko
authors: Shunichi
authors: S
authors: Usami
authors: Shu
authors: S
authors: Chien
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019040:E-Selectin; D016328:NF-kappa B; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D004247:DNA