title: Effect of PSC 833, an inhibitor of P-glycoprotein on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced mammary carcinogenesis in rats.
abstract: Studies in our laboratory on the role of P-glycoprotein (Pgp, coded by mdr1 gene) have led to the hypothesis that over-expression of Pgp is closely associated with the development of cancer. It was conceived therefore that inhibitors of Pgp should inhibit the development of cancer. We have reported that PSC833 (PSC), a potent inhibitor of Pgp, inhibits the development of liver cancer in rats. Similarly, based on the intrinsic over-expression of Pgp in experimental mammary carcinogenesis, we studied the effect of PSC on N-methyl-N-nitrosourea induced mammary cancer in female Sprague-Dawley rats. The study indicates that PSC at daily dietary doses of 15 (PSC15) and 30 mg/kg (PSC30) body wt resulted in dose-dependent inhibition of the incidence as well as the growth of mammary tumors. Compared with controls, PSC15 and PSC30 inhibited: (i) mean tumor multiplicity by 32 and 67%, (ii) median tumor burden by 46 and 93% and (iii) incidence of ulcerated tumors by 40 and 82%, respectively. Most remarkably, PSC delayed median tumor incidence by 8 weeks, and exerted a 100% inhibitory effect on the incidence of large tumors, 4 cm(3) and greater. In all the cases, although the inhibitory effect of PSC was evident at both doses, only PSC30 exhibited statistical significance. A possible compounding effect that was also observed in PSC30-treated rats was a decrease in body weight gain not attributed to diminished food consumption. All in all, consistent with recent reports, which have demonstrated inhibition of cancer development by compromising Pgp function, this study introduces a novel role for Pgp in breast cancer and potentially an unexplored therapeutic approach in treating the disease.
authors: Departments of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, 100 College Street, Toronto, ON M5G 1L5, Canada.
authors: Janarthanan
authors: J
authors: Kankesan
authors: Ramesh
authors: R
authors: Vanama
authors: Aroon
authors: A
authors: Yusuf
authors: Jake J
authors: JJ
authors: Thiessen
authors: Victor
authors: V
authors: Ling
authors: Prema M
authors: PM
authors: Rao
authors: Srinivasan
authors: S
authors: Rajalakshmi
authors: Dittakavi S R
authors: DS
authors: Sarma
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000494:pharmacology; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D003524:Cyclosporins; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; C070272:valspodar