title: PCR assay for monitoring Trypanosoma cruzi parasitemia in childhood after specific chemotherapy.
abstract: Assessment of cure of Trypanosoma cruzi infection by antibody seroconversion usually involves several years of follow-up. Parasitological negativity is useless for cure assessment, since even untreated patients mostly show negative results; conversely, positive tests are of great value because they indicate treatment failure. Here, PCR was used to assess the rate of specific chemotherapy failure in a well-characterized Brazilian cohort of T. cruzi-seropositive children, who were enrolled in a field trial of benznidazole (Bz) efficacy. Paired blood samples from 111 children were taken at baseline and 36 months after treatment with either Bz (n = 58) or a placebo (n = 53). DNA extraction and PCR amplification were carried out as previously described, and hybridization was performed with all PCR products. At the end of follow-up, PCR was positive for 39.6% of the patients in the Bz group versus 64.2% in the placebo group (P = 0.01). Untreated patients had a 1.6-fold-higher chance of remaining positive by PCR than those in the Bz group (P < 0.05). We conclude that PCR is a useful tool for revealing therapeutic failure of T. cruzi infection on a short-term basis.
authors: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors: Lúcia M C
authors: LM
authors: Galvão
authors: Egler
authors: E
authors: Chiari
authors: Andréa M
authors: AM
authors: Macedo
authors: Alejandro O
authors: AO
authors: Luquetti
authors: Simonne A
authors: SA
authors: Silva
authors: Ana Lúcia S S
authors: AL
authors: Andrade
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan