title: Glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa remit rat adjuvant arthritis by inhibiting synoviocyte activities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of Glucosides of Chaenomeles speciosa (GCS) on rat adjuvant arthritis (AA) and to clarify the role of synoviocytes in this process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Complete Freund's adjuvant was used to induce AA in rats. Secondary paw swelling of AA rats was measured with MK-550 volume meter. The pain response and polyarthritis index were scored. Synoviocytes were separated by incubation of collagenase and trypsin, and morphological changes of synoviocytes were observed by transmission electron microscope. Interleukin-1 (IL-1) production was measured by thymocyte proliferation assay. Tumor necrosis factor (TNFalpha) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production were determined by radioimmunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant secondary inflammatory reactions in AA rats. The morphology of synoviocytes from AA rats was changed, companying the elevation of the level of IL-1,TNFalpha, and PGE2 produced by synoviocytes from AA rats. GCS (60 and 120 mg/kg, ig, 8 d) suppressed secondary inflammatory paw swelling, pain response, and polyarthritis index. It also improved ultrastructural changes of synoviocytes and inhibited IL-1,TNFalpha, and PGE2 production in AA rats. The inhibitory effect of GCS 120 mg/kg was more evident than that of Actarit 60 mg/kg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GCS reduced the secondary inflammatory in AA rats, which is associated with prevention of ultrastructural changes of synoviocytes and inhibition of secretion of proimflammatory cytokines.
authors: Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
authors: Min
authors: M
authors: Dai
authors: Wei
authors: W
authors: Wei
authors: Yu-Xian
authors: YX
authors: Shen
authors: Yong-Qiu
authors: YQ
authors: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D005960:Glucosides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000187:drug effects; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027824:Rosaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005960:Glucosides; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015232:Dinoprostone