title: Recurrent first trimester pregnancy loss is associated with uterine septum but not with bicornuate uterus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Determine the relative frequency of having a uterine septum or bicornuate uterus in women presenting with first trimester recurrent pregnancy loss and a divided uterine cavity by hysterosalpingography (HSG) or hysteroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of the frequency of a uterine septum or a bicornuate uterus in all patients undergoing surgery (laparoscopy and hysteroscopy) with the clinical presentation of recurrent pregnancy loss and a divided uterine cavity between January 1995 and October 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  An academic medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five consecutive, premenopausal women with a divided uterine cavity on preoperative HSG or hysteroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic laparoscopy and diagnostic hysteroscopy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE (S): A fused uterine fundus at laparoscopy indicating a uterine septum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 35 patients had a uterine septum.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When presenting with recurrent first trimester pregnancy loss and a divided uterine cavity by HSG or hysteroscopy, virtually all the women have a uterine septum.
authors: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. proct011@mc.duke.edu
authors: Jon A
authors: JA
authors: Proctor
authors: Arthur F
authors: AF
authors: Haney
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000209:etiology*; D000328:Adult; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D010535:Laparoscopy; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014599:Uterus / Q000002:abnormalities*