HIV-1 egress is gated through late endosomal membranes.
HIV-1 buds from the surface of activated T lymphocytes. In macrophages, however, newly formed HIV-1 particles amass in the lumen of an intracellular compartment. Here, we demonstrate by live-cell imaging techniques, by immunocytochemistry and by immuno-electron microscopy that HIV-1 structural proteins, particularly the internal structural protein Gag, accumulate at membranes of the late endocytic compartment in a variety of cell types and not just in monocyte/macrophage-derived cells. Recent biochemical and genetic studies have implicated components of the mammalian vacuolar protein sorting pathway in retroviral budding. Together with those observations, our study suggests that HIV-1 morphogenesis is thoroughly rooted in the endosomal system.
Nydegger
Sascha
S
Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine and CALS, 318 Stafford Hall, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA.
Foti
Michelangelo
M
Derdowski
Aaron
A
Spearman
Paul
P
Thali
Markus
M
D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D011992:Endosomes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000378:metabolism; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020014:K562 Cells; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016253:Microscopy, Immunoelectron; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection; D014779:Virus Replication
D015683:Gene Products, gag; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins