title: Prevalence and impact of depression and pain in neurology outpatients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We examined the prevalence and health related quality of life (HRQoL) of depression and/or pain in neurology outpatients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients at outpatient clinics completed depression, pain, and HRQoL scales. Group comparisons between those with pain alone, depression alone, both conditions, and neither condition were done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, pain was present in 2/3 and depression in 1/3 of patients. Pain with depression was present in 25%; 75% of depressed patients had pain. These conditions had significant negative impact on mental and physical health status scores. The odds ratio (OR) for having pain was significantly increased in women (OR 2.0), those with depression (OR 2.4), and those with neuropathy/neuromuscular (OR 3.8) or pain syndromes (OR 4.8). The odds of having depression were increased in those with pain (OR 2.4) and with cognitive (OR 4.8) or cerebrovascular (OR 3.3) diagnoses. Neurologists were more likely to recognise and treat pain than depression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Depression and pain are common in newly referred neurology outpatients and have substantial negative effects on patients' physical and mental health. Pain is more likely than depression to be recognised and treated by neurologists.
authors: Departments of Neurology, Indiana University, Indianapolis 46202, USA. lwilliams@hsrd.va.iupui.edu
authors: L S
authors: LS
authors: Williams
authors: W J
authors: WJ
authors: Jones
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Shen
authors: R L
authors: RL
authors: Robinson
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Weinberger
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Kroenke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D009462:Neurology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010045:Outpatients; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012737:Sex Factors