title: Toxoplasma gondii isolates from free-ranging chickens from the United States.
abstract: Prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii infection in chickens is a good indicator of the strains prevalent in their environment because they feed from ground. The prevalence of T. gondii was determined in 118 free-range chickens from 14 counties in Ohio and in 11 chickens from a pig farm in Massachusetts. Toxoplasma gondii antibodies (> or = 1: 5) were found using the modified agglutination test (MAT) in 20 of 118 chickens from Ohio. Viable T. gondii was recovered from 11 of 20 seropositive chickens by bioassay of their hearts and brains into mice. The parasite was not isolated from tissues of 63 seronegative (< or = 1:5) chickens by bioassay in cats. Hearts, brains, and muscles from legs and breast of the 11 chickens from the pig farm in Massachusetts were fed each to a T. gondii-negative cat. Eight cats fed chicken tissues shed oocysts; the 3 cats that did not shed oocysts were fed tissues of chickens with MAT titers of 1:5 or less. Tachyzoites of 19 isolates of T. gondii from Ohio and Massachusetts were considered avirulent for mice. Of 19 isolates genotyped, 5 isolates were type II and 14 were type III; mixed types and type I isolates were not found.
authors: Animal Parasitic Diseases Laboratory, Animal and Natural Resources Institute, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Building 1001, Beltsville, Maryland 20705-3250, USA. jdubey@anri.barc.usda.gov
authors: J P
authors: JP
authors: Dubey
authors: D H
authors: DH
authors: Graham
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Dahl
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Sreekumar
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Lehmann
authors: M F
authors: MF
authors: Davis
authors: T Y
authors: TY
authors: Morishita
mesh_terms: D000372:Agglutination Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D002415:Cats; D002645:Chickens; D005838:Genotype; D008404:Massachusetts / Q000453:epidemiology; D051379:Mice; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology; D015995:Prevalence; D013552:Swine; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan