title: Evaluation of sex chromosome aneuploidies in women with Turner's syndrome by G-banding and FISH. A serial case study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate sex chromosome aneuploidies in patients with Turner's syndrome using two cytogenetic techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 35 women with a clinical suspicion of Turner syndrome was examined in the Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey, Mexico. They were subjected to a conventional cytogenetic technique with G-banding and to fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using a specific alpha satellite X chromosome (DXZ1) and specific alpha satellite Y chromosome (DYZ1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using both techniques, 17 cases (48.57%) showed the same karyotype. Using FISH: (1) in 8 cases the presence of the Y chromosome was confirmed, (2) in 18 cases (51.43%) a new cell line was identified, (3) in 2 cases (5.71%) the derivative X was clarified, and (4) in 3 cases (8.57%) the origin of the chromosome markers (1 of X chromosome and 2 of Y chromosome) was delineated. FISH highlighted the differences between the initial diagnosis, based on G-banding, and the final diagnosis, determined by specific probes for the X and Y chromosomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FISH is a useful tool in the detection of low-frequency cell lines and identification of the nature and origin of derivative chromosomes and unknown chromosome markers that have important implications for the treatment of patients with Turner's syndrome.
authors: Genetics Division, School of Nursing, Northeast Center for Biomedical Research, Mexican Institute of Social Security, School of Biological Sciences, Ignacio Morones Prieto, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. elvairenecortes@hotmail.com
authors: Elva I
authors: EI
authors: Cortés-Gutiérrez
authors: Ricardo M
authors: RM
authors: Cerda-Flores
authors: Julie B
authors: JB
authors: Silva-Cudish
authors: Martha I
authors: MI
authors: Dávila-Rodríguez
authors: Ricardo
authors: R
authors: Hernández-Herrera
authors: Carlos H
authors: CH
authors: Leal-Garza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D007621:Karyotyping / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012730:Sex Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*