title: ONO-1714, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, attenuates endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rabbits.
abstract: Overproduction of nitric oxide by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expressed in the lung is thought to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI). In this two-part study, we determined whether ONO-1714, a new selective iNOS inhibitor, attenuates endotoxin-induced ALI in rabbits. For Part I of the study, a control group received IV saline and ALI was induced by IV infusion of endotoxin 5 mg/kg over 30 min in 4 groups. Three groups received either 0.1, 0.03, or 0.01 mg/kg of ONO-1714 10 min before the start of endotoxin and the fourth group received saline. For Part II of the study, ALI was induced by endotoxin infusion in all 6 groups. One group was treated with saline. The other 5 groups received ONO-1714 0.1 mg/kg at various timings (10 min before or 1, 2, 3, or 4 h after ALI induction). The lungs were mechanically ventilated with 40% oxygen for 6 h after induction of ALI. In Part I, pretreatment with 0.1 mg/kg ONO-1714 mitigated endotoxin-induced ALI. In Part II, early posttreatment (within 2 h after the insult) with ONO-1714 was as effective as pretreatment in improving oxygenation, lung mechanics, lung leukosequestration, pulmonary edema, and histological change. However, lung damage was not improved in rabbits receiving the drug 3 or 4 h after endotoxin. These data suggest that the current study is a basis for future clinical trials to elucidate whether ONO-1714 can be a promising therapeutic approach in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by endotoxin/sepsis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An excess of nitric oxide is thought to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of acute organ injury in endotoxemia. Early posttreatment with ONO-1714, a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, attenuated physiological, biochemical, and pathological changes in endotoxin-induced acute lung injury in rabbits.
authors: From the Department of Anesthesia & Perioperative Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors: Katsuya
authors: K
authors: Mikawa
authors: Kahoru
authors: K
authors: Nishina
authors: Yumiko
authors: Y
authors: Takao
authors: Hidefumi
authors: H
authors: Obara
mesh_terms: D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D000578:Amidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006574:Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008170:Lung Compliance / Q000187:drug effects; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D011817:Rabbits; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C407360:7-chloro-3-imino-5-methyl-2-azabicyclo(4.1.0)heptane; D000578:Amidines; D004731:Endotoxins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006574:Heterocyclic Compounds, 2-Ring; C044101:endotoxin, Escherichia coli; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II