The bi-specific CD3 x NCAM antibody: a model to preactivate T cells prior to tumour cell lysis.
To target the neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM, CD56) on neuroblastoma by T cell-based immunotherapy we have generated a bi-specific CD3 x NCAM antibody (OE-1). This antibody can be used to redirect T cells to NCAM+ cells. Expectedly, the antibody binds specifically to NCAM+ neuroblastoma cells and CD3+ T cells. OE-1 induces T cell activation, expansion and effector function in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-derived CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. T cell activation was shown to depend on the presence of normal natural killer (NK) cells in the culture. Interestingly, while PBMC- derived T cells were activated by OE-1, NK cells were almost completely depleted, suggesting that T cells activated by OE-1 deleted the NK cells. Activated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells differentiate into a larger CCR7+ central memory and a smaller CCR7- effector memory cell population. Most importantly, preactivated T cells were highly cytotoxic for neuroblastoma cells. In eight of 11 experiments tumour-directed cytotoxicity was enhanced when NK cells were present during preactivation with OE-1. These data strongly support a bi-phasic therapeutic concept of primarily stimulating T cells with the bi-specific antibody in the presence of normal NCAM+ cells to induce T cell activation, migratory capacity and finally tumour cell lysis.
Jensen
M
M
Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, University of Cologne, Germany. jensen@uni-koeln.de
Ernestus
K
K
Kemshead
J
J
Klehr
M
M
Von Bergwelt-Baildon
M S
MS
Schinköthe
T
T
Schultze
J L
JL
Berthold
F
F
D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific / Q000276:immunology*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000276:immunology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000276:immunology*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D018033:Antibodies, Bispecific; D017252:CD3 Complex; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules