Receptor and nonreceptor protein tyrosine phosphatases in the nervous system.
Protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs) have emerged as a new class of signaling molecules that play important roles in the development and function of the central nervous system. They include both tyrosine-specific and dual-specific phosphatases. Based on their cellular localization they are also classified as receptor-like or intracellular PTP. However, the intracellular mechanisms by which these PTPs regulate cellular signaling pathways are not well understood. Evidence gathered to date provides some insight into the physiological function of these PTPs in the nervous system. In this review, we outline what is currently known about the functional role of PTPs expressed in the brain.
Paul
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Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, 230 South Frontage Road, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA. surojit.paul@yale.edu
Lombroso
P J
PJ
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000502:physiology*; D054558:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor; D054623:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2; D054633:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C516724:PTPN11 protein, human; C489930:PTPN5 protein, human; C509249:PTPN6 protein, human; C516772:PTPRF protein, human; C516850:PTPRG protein, human; C516859:PTPRM protein, human; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D054558:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor; D054623:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2; D054633:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 5