title: [Morphological studies in the theory of the chromosomal determination of sex: 1880-1912].
abstract: This article analyses morphological research on sex determination from the late nineteenth-century to the discovery of sex chromosomes and the theory of sex determination by chromosomes. It describes the links between Morphology and Zoology through their development in Germany and North America, as main producer countries. Cytological research, carried ou on a wide spectrum of zoological species, led to an understanding of important problems regarding the number, appearance and behaviour of chromosomes, supporting determinist hypotheses against those defending the importance of environmental or cytoplasmic factors in the control of development.
authors: Universidad Complutense de Madrid. idelgado@unizar.es
authors: Isabel
authors: I
authors: Delgado Echeverria
mesh_terms: D003585:Cell Biology / Q000266:history*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D012730:Sex Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics*; D019849:Sex Determination Processes