title: A combined blockade of glycine and calcium-dependent potassium channels abolishes the respiratory rhythm.
abstract: In order to test whether glycinergic inhibition is essential for the in vivo respiratory rhythm, we analysed the discharge properties of neurones in the medullary respiratory network after blockade of glycine receptors in the in situ perfused brainstem preparation of mature wild type and oscillator mice with a deficient glycine receptor. In wild type mice, selective blockade of glycine receptors with low concentrations of strychnine (0.03-0.3 microM) provoked considerable changes in neuronal discharge characteristics: The cycle phase relationship of inspiratory, post-inspiratory and expiratory specific patterns of membrane potential changes was altered profoundly. Inspiratory, post-inspiratory and expiratory neurones developed a propensity for fast voltage oscillations that were accompanied by multiple burst discharges. These burst discharges were followed by "after-burst" hyperpolarisations that were capable of triggering secondary burst discharges. Blockade of glycine receptors and the "big" Ca2+-dependent K+-conductance by charybdotoxin (3.3 nM) resulted in loss of the respiratory rhythm, whilst only tonic discharge activity remained. In contrast, rhythmic activity was only weakened, but preserved after the "small" Ca2+-dependent activated K+ conductance was blocked with apamin (8 nM). Also low concentrations of pentobarbital sodium (6 mg/kg) abolished rhythmic respiratory activity after blockade of glycine receptors in the wild type mice and in glycine receptor deficient oscillator mice. The data imply that failure of glycine receptors provokes enhanced bursting behaviour of respiratory neurones, whilst the additional blockade of BKCa channels by charybdotoxin or with pentobarbital abolishes the respiratory rhythm.
authors: Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Abteilung für Neuro- und Sinnesphysiologie, Humboldtallee 23, D-37073 Göttingen, Germany. dietrich.bberg@uni-essen.de
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Büsselberg
authors: A M
authors: AM
authors: Bischoff
authors: D W
authors: DW
authors: Richter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001030:Apamin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000235:genetics; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D018999:Charybdotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D018684:Glycine Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects*; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects*; D013331:Strychnine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018684:Glycine Agents; D015221:Potassium Channels; D018999:Charybdotoxin; D001030:Apamin; D013331:Strychnine; D002118:Calcium