title: [First steps in neuronavigation].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We try to evaluate the introduction of a neuronavigation system widely used in a neurosurgical department.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyze the surgical procedures performed since the introduction of a neuronavigator in our hospital, the advantages and the problems related with its use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 21/12/00 to 31/12/01, 64 cranial and 5 spinal procedures were performed in our centre with the aid of the BrainLAB neuronavigation system. They were 19.37% of the elective surgeries: 45.7% of cranial and 2.8% of spinal procedures. The accuracy of registration was 1.6 mm; the number of trials for registration was 2.8 on average, although in 3 cases it was not possible; there were disarrangements during 9 surgical procedures (two of them after the lesions were reached). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was used in 54 instances, computerized tomography (CT) in 5, fluoroscopy (Rx) in 1, CT plus MRI in 8, CT plus Rx in 1. Since Z-Touch localization system and software was available, it was used exclusively, disregarding the use of external fiducials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our experience, neuronavigation needs extra time, but it helps in the election of the best position for the surgical approach, reduces the time required for scalp incision and craniotomy planning, and is useful for the opening of the dura and the corticectomy. As the operation proceeds, we found it less truhstworthy and necessary. The Z-touch system frees the imaging from the surgery. Its use in spinal operation is scarce and with limited results in our practice. We found the neuronavigation useful, and we employ it on a regular basis in every cranial procedure whenever it is possible.
authors: Servicio de Neurocirugía. Hospital General Yague. Burgos, Spain.
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Castilla
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Martín
authors: O
authors: O
authors: Fernández-Arconada
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Delgado
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Rodríguez-Salazar
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D038361:Neuronavigation / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies