title: Levetiracetam in clinical use--a prospective observational study.
abstract: This prospective observational study explored the efficacy and tolerability of levetiracetam (LEV) in a prospective series of 200 patients with refractory epilepsy attending a single epilepsy service. Patients were started on adjunctive LEV using one of two titration schedules (slow and fast) and patients were studied for at least 6 months after commencing LEV. Fifty-three patients had severe learning disabilities. 14.3% became seizure free, 57.7% showed >50% reduction, 15.4% showed seizure increase. Patients with learning disability showed less positive but still very worthwhile results. A highly significant improvement in clinical outcomes overall is shown (P<0.0001). 56.6% showed no adverse effects, 27.4% showed minor adverse effects, 16% were withdrawn. The most common adverse effect causing drug withdrawal was seizure exacerbation (12%) which was much commoner in primary generalised epilepsies (P=0.00035). LEV appears to be an effective and well-tolerated anti-epileptic drug in drug resistant partial epilepsies.
authors: Burden Centre for Neuropsychiatry, Neuropsychology and Epileptology, Frenchay Hospital, Bristol, UK. jmbird@aol.com
authors: Jonathan M
authors: JM
authors: Bird
authors: Zosia A
authors: ZA
authors: Joseph
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077287:Levetiracetam; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010889:Piracetam / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012112:Residential Facilities / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D000077287:Levetiracetam; D010889:Piracetam