Chromosomal rearrangement in Down syndrome with acute myeloid leukemia.
The incidence of acute leukemia in children with Down syndrome (DS) is high as compared to general population. Recent findings have demonstrated that DS children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have the highest event free survival rates with high dose cytosine arabinoside (Ara-C). We present 3 year-old DS female child with AML-M5, whose chromosomal analysis revealed constitutional t(21;21) alongwith del(5)(q31q33) and a unique translocation t(16;20)(q13;q12). After chemotherapy, child achieved complete clinical remission. Karyotype analysis of remission marrow showed disappearance of abnormal clone of der(20) t(16;20)(q13;q12), del(5q) indicating cytogenetic remission too. This case alongwith supportive literature indicate that pediatric DS-AML is a distinct biologic sub-group differs from that of non-DS-AML with respect to chemosensitivity.
Bakshi
Chetana
C
Cancer Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India.
Amare Kadam
Pratibha
P
Abhyankar
Dhiraj
D
Baisane
Chanda
C
Banavali
Shripad
S
Advani
Suresh
S
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D003561:Cytarabine; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007948:Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D013866:Thioguanine; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
D003561:Cytarabine; D013866:Thioguanine; D003630:Daunorubicin