title: A 75% insulin lispro/25% NPL mixture provides a longer duration of insulin activity compared with insulin lispro alone in patients with Type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare a new insulin formulation, high mix (HM) [75% lispro (LP) and 25% neutral protamine lispro (NPL)], to regular human insulin (HR) and LP with respect to glucose response and pharmacokinetics following a test meal in patients with Type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  After fasting overnight, patients received an intravenous insulin infusion to standardize blood glucose (BG) to 7.5 mmol/l (135 mg/dl). In a randomised, three-way crossover study, HR was injected 30 min before, and LP or HM was injected immediately before the test meal on three separate occasions. For each patient, LP and HR were administered at identical doses; the HM dose was one and one third times that of HR and LP to maintain the same dose of short or rapid-acting insulin. The insulin infusion was stopped 15 min after the insulin injection. Free insulin and BG concentrations were measured frequently for 7 h following the test meal.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HM and LP resulted in better glycaemic control than HR during the observation period. BG concentrations during the first 4-5 h did not differ between HM and LP. However, HM exhibited prolonged insulin activity relative to LP beyond 5 h, extending the duration of action by approximately 1 h, and resulting in lower overall BG concentrations when the 0-6- and 0-7-h intervals were considered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with LP, HM provided similar glycaemic control for up to 5 h and superior glycaemic control from 5 to 7 h following a standard test meal.
authors: Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. paroach@iupui.edu
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Roach
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Woodworth
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Gudat
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Cerimele
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Diebler
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Pein
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Dreyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D061268:Insulin Lispro; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors; D028761:Withholding Treatment
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D061268:Insulin Lispro