[Antipneumococcal vaccines in sickle-cell anemia and asplenia].
TWO MEANS OF PREVENTION: Asplenic and sickle-cell anemia patients are susceptible to infections caused by polysaccharide-encapsulated bacteria, particularly pneumococci, Haemophilus influenzae b, and meningococci. Prevention of these frequent and serious infections depends on antibiotic prophylaxis and vaccination. ANTI-POLYSACCHARIDE PNEUMOCOCCI: Vaccination Pneumo 23 is a 23-valent vaccine corresponding to more than 90% of the pneumococci strains implicated in systemic infections. The efficacy of conjugated polysaccharide vaccines for the prevention of systemic infections, particularly when caused by antibiotic-resistant strains, can optimize the efficacy potential of antibiotic prophylaxis, the immense majority of strains not covered by the conjugated vaccine being susceptible to penicillin. CONJUGATED PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINE: Prevenar is a seven-valence vaccine which induces a thymodependent antibody response. The efficacy of the conjugated vaccine against systemic infections, particularly antibiotic resistant strains, can have a potentializing effect on antibiotic prophylaxis, the vast majority of the strains not present in the conjugated vaccine being sensitive to penicillin. OTHER VACCINES: Finally, it should be recalled that conjugated antigroup C meningococcal vaccines are recommended for asplenic and sickle-cell anemia patients. In France, the anti-Haemophilus b vaccine is included in the vaccination calendar for all infants.
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Service de bactériologie Centre hospitalier intercommunal de Créteil (94).
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012008:Recurrence; D013156:Splenectomy; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000069443:Heptavalent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; D022401:Meningococcal Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines