title: Additive estrogenic activities of the binary mixtures of four estrogenic chemicals in recombinant yeast expressing human estrogen receptor.
abstract: To evaluate the estrogenic activities of several chemicals such as 17beta-estradiol (E2), rho-nonylphenol, bisphenol A, butylparaben, and combinations of these chemicals, we used recombinant yeasts containing the human estrogen receptor [Saccharomyces cerevisiae ER + LYS 8127]. We evaluated E2 was most active in the recombinant yeast assay, followed by rho-nonylphenol, bisphenol A, butylparaben. The combinations of some concentrations of 17-estradiol as a strong estrogen and bisphenol A or butylparaben as a weak estrogen showed additive estrogenic effects. Also, the combinations of some concentrations of nonlyphenol and butylparaben and combination of butylparaben and bisphenol A showed additive effects in the estrogenic activity. Therefore, the estrogenic activities of the combinations of two chemicals were additive, not synergistic.
authors: Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seodun-Dong, Kwonsun-Ku, Suwon 441-744, Korea.
authors: Kyung-Sun
authors: KS
authors: Kang
authors: Sung-Dae
authors: SD
authors: Cho
authors: Yong-Soon
authors: YS
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D010226:Parabens / Q000494:pharmacology; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004958:Estradiol; D004967:Estrogens; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D010226:Parabens; D010636:Phenols; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C038091:butylparaben; C041594:4-nonylphenol; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds