title: Functional dyspepsia, upper gastrointestinal symptoms, and transit in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of abnormal gastric emptying and small bowel transit in children with functional dyspepsia at a tertiary care center, and the relationship between abnormal gastric and small bowel transit and symptoms in pediatric patients with functional gastrointestinal disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were selected by a cross-sectional chart review based on the following inclusion criteria: (1) completion of scintigraphic study of the gastric emptying of solids at 2 hours (GE2), 4 hours (GE4), and small bowel transit at 6 hours (SBT) using a standardized egg meal labeled with 99mTechnetium sulfur colloid, and (2) gastrointestinal (GI) complaints without mucosal or organic disease. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the association between the presence of upper GI symptoms, and each parameter of gastric and small bowel transit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with upper GI symptoms (n=96) were identified. Among 57 children with functional dyspepsia, 40% had slow SBT. Fast GE at 4 hours, and slow SBT were independently associated with bloating. Children with fast SBT were less likely to report abdominal pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Incorporating assessments of gastric and small bowel transit may be useful in the evaluation of pediatric patients with upper GI symptoms and functional dyspepsia.
authors: Clinical Enteric Neuroscience Translational and Epidemiological Research Program, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. Chitkara.Denesh@mayo.edu
authors: Denesh K
authors: DK
authors: Chitkara
authors: Silvia
authors: S
authors: Delgado-Aros
authors: Albert J
authors: AJ
authors: Bredenoord
authors: Filippo
authors: F
authors: Cremonini
authors: Mounif
authors: M
authors: El-Youssef
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Freese
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Camilleri
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000453:epidemiology; D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000503:physiopathology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009325:Nausea / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging / Q000379:methods; D013270:Stomach / Q000503:physiopathology; D014839:Vomiting / Q000453:epidemiology