title: Prospective study of major and minor ST-T abnormalities and risk of stroke among Japanese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The association between minor ST-T abnormalities and stroke incidence has not been well elucidated. We sought to examine the relationship between nonspecific minor or major ST-T abnormalities and the incidence of stroke among Japanese men and women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 15.4-year prospective study was conducted with 10 741 men and women aged 40 to 69 years in 4 Japanese communities. Electrocardiograms were taken at baseline and were read according to the Minnesota Code. The incidence of stroke was ascertained using systematic surveillance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 15.4-year follow-up, 602 strokes (339 ischemic strokes, 129 intracerebral hemorrhages, 80 subarachnoid hemorrhages, and 54 unclassified strokes) occurred. Both men and women with major ST-T abnormalities had approximately 3-fold higher age-adjusted relative risk and 2-fold higher multivariate-adjusted relative risk of total stroke than did those without such abnormalities. Men with minor ST-T abnormalities had a 2.3-fold higher age-adjusted relative risk of total stroke, both ischemic and hemorrhagic, than did those without such abnormalities. After we adjusted further for hypertension category, the relative risk for minor ST-T abnormalities was reduced substantially but remained statistically significant: 1.8 (95% CI, 1.3 to 2.4) for total stroke, 1.9 (95%CI, 1.3 to 2.8) for ischemic stroke, and 1.7 (95% CI, 1.0 to 3.0) for hemorrhagic stroke. For women, however, there was no relation between minor ST-T abnormalities and stroke incidence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minor ST-T abnormalities have predictive value for the risk of total stroke, both ischemic and hemorrhagic, among middle-aged Japanese men, as do major ST-T abnormalities for both sexes.
authors: Osaka Medical Center for Health Science and Promotion, Osaka, Japan. teoohira-circ@umin.ac.jp
authors: Tetsuya
authors: T
authors: Ohira
authors: Hiroyasu
authors: H
authors: Iso
authors: Hironori
authors: H
authors: Imano
authors: Akihiko
authors: A
authors: Kitamura
authors: Shinichi
authors: S
authors: Sato
authors: Yuko
authors: Y
authors: Nakagawa
authors: Yoshihiko
authors: Y
authors: Naito
authors: Tomoko
authors: T
authors: Sankai
authors: Takeshi
authors: T
authors: Tanigawa
authors: Kazumasa
authors: K
authors: Yamagishi
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Iida
authors: Takashi
authors: T
authors: Shimamoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000145:classification; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology*