title: The immunosuppressive drug mycophenolate mofetil impairs the adhesion capacity of gastrointestinal tumour cells.
abstract: Immunosuppression correlates with the development and recurrence of cancer. Mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) has been shown to reduce adhesion molecule expression and leucocyte recruitment into the donor organ. We have hypothesized that MMF might also prevent receptor-dependent tumour dissemination. Therefore, we have investigated the effects of MMF on tumour cell adhesion to human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and compared them with the effects on T cell-endothelial cell interactions. Influence of MMF on cellular adhesion to HUVEC was analysed using isolated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, or WiDr colon adenocarcinoma cells as the model tumour. HUVEC receptors ICAM-1, VCAM-1, E-selectin and P-selectin were detected by flow cytometry, Western blot or Northern blot analysis. Binding activity of T cells or WiDr cells in the presence of MMF were measured using immobilized receptor globulin chimeras. MMF potently blocked both T cell and WiDr cell binding to endothelium by 80%. Surface expression of the endothelial cell receptors was reduced by MMF in a dose-dependent manner. E-selectin mRNA was concurrently reduced with a maximum effect at 1 microm. Interestingly, MMF acted differently on T cells and WiDr cells. Maximum efficacy of MMF was reached at 10 and 1 microm, respectively. Furthermore, MMF specifically suppressed T cell attachment to ICAM-1, VCAM-1 and P-selectin. In contrast, MMF prevented WiDr cell attachment to E-selectin. In conclusion, our data reveal distinct effects of MMF on both T cell adhesion and tumour cell adhesion to endothelial cells. This suggests that MMF not only interferes with the invasion of alloactivated T cells, but might also be of value in managing post-transplantation malignancy.
authors: Zentrum der Chirurgie, Klinik für Allgemein- und Gefässchirurgie, Institut für Allgemeine Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Frankfurt, Germany.
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Leckel
authors: W-D
authors: WD
authors: Beecken
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Jonas
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Oppermann
authors: M C
authors: MC
authors: Coman
authors: K-F
authors: KF
authors: Beck
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Cinatl
authors: N P
authors: NP
authors: Hailer
authors: M K H
authors: MK
authors: Auth
authors: W O
authors: WO
authors: Bechstein
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Shipkova
authors: R A
authors: RA
authors: Blaheta
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016023:Integrins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016023:Integrins; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid