title: Lymphocyte subsets in healthy children from birth through 18 years of age: the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group P1009 study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets need to be determined in a large, urban, minority-predominant cohort of healthy children to serve as suitable control subjects for the interpretation of the appearance of these cells in several disease conditions, notably pediatric HIV-1 infection.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine the distribution of lymphocyte subsets in healthy urban-dwelling infants, children, and adolescents in the United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lymphocyte subsets were determined by means of 3-color flow cytometry in a cross-sectional study of 807 HIV-unexposed children from birth through 18 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cell-surface marker analysis demonstrated that age was an extremely important variable in 24 lymphocyte subset distributions measured as percentages or absolute counts--eg, the CD4 (helper) T cell, CD8 (cytotoxic) T cell, CD19 B cell, CD4CD45RACD62L (naive helper) T cell, CD3CD4CD45RO (memory helper) T cell, CD8HLA-DRCD38 (activated cytotoxic) T cell, and CD8CD28 (activation primed cytotoxic) T cell. The testing laboratory proved to be an important variable, indicating the need for using the same laboratory or group of laboratories to assay an individual's blood over time and to assay control and ill or treated populations. Sex and race-ethnicity were much less important.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study provide a control population for assessment of the effects of HIV infection on the normal development and distribution of lymphocyte subsets in children of both sexes, all races, and all ethnic backgrounds from birth through 18 years of age in an urban population. This study's findings will also prove invaluable in interpreting the immune changes in children with many other chronic diseases, such as primary immunodeficiency, malignancy, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma.
authors: Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Tex, USA.
authors: William T
authors: WT
authors: Shearer
authors: Howard M
authors: HM
authors: Rosenblatt
authors: Rebecca S
authors: RS
authors: Gelman
authors: Rebecca
authors: R
authors: Oyomopito
authors: Susan
authors: S
authors: Plaeger
authors: E Richard
authors: ER
authors: Stiehm
authors: Diane W
authors: DW
authors: Wara
authors: Steven D
authors: SD
authors: Douglas
authors: Katherine
authors: K
authors: Luzuriaga
authors: Elizabeth J
authors: EJ
authors: McFarland
authors: Ram
authors: R
authors: Yogev
authors: Mobeen H
authors: MH
authors: Rathore
authors: Wende
authors: W
authors: Levy
authors: Bobbie L
authors: BL
authors: Graham
authors: Stephen A
authors: SA
authors: Spector
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000375:Aging; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D044469:Racial Groups; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014481:United States; D014505:Urban Population