title: In vivo magnetic resonance imaging of immune cells in the central nervous system with superparamagnetic antibodies.
abstract: We developed a novel MRI technique to image immune cell location and homing in vivo to the central nervous system (CNS). Superparamagnetic antibodies specific for cell surface markers allowed imaging of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, and Mac1+ cells in the CNS of mice infected with Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus (TMEV) and in mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Superparamagnetic antibodies have excellent T2, T2*, and good T1 relaxation properties, which makes them ideal MRI contrast materials. Immunohistochemistry of corresponding sections confirmed the specificity of the technique to detect immune cell types in the CNS. This powerful technique has potential to image any cell with unique surface antigens. Because superparamagnetic antibodies similar to those used in the study are approved for human use, the in vivo MRI technique we have described could be developed for human use.
authors: Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors: Istvan
authors: I
authors: Pirko
authors: Aaron
authors: A
authors: Johnson
authors: Bogoljub
authors: B
authors: Ciric
authors: Jeff
authors: J
authors: Gamez
authors: Slobodan I
authors: SI
authors: Macura
authors: Larry R
authors: LR
authors: Pease
authors: Moses
authors: M
authors: Rodriguez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D018188:Cardiovirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D002465:Cell Movement; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D020278:Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D007700:Kinetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies