title: The von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein sensitizes renal cell carcinoma cells to tumor necrosis factor-induced cytotoxicity by suppressing the nuclear factor-kappaB-dependent antiapoptotic pathway.
abstract: Functional inactivation of the von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) tumor suppressor protein pVHL is the cause of the familial VHL disease and the majority of sporadic renal clear cell carcinomas (RCCs). RCCs pose a significant problem for conventional cancer treatment protocols because of their highly recalcitrant characteristics to radio- and/or chemotherapies. In fact, the leading cause of morbidity and mortality of VHL patients is RCC. Recently, global gene profiling of RCC cells has revealed that sensitivity to tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-mediated cytotoxicity is pVHL dependent. Here, we report that although RCC cells devoid of functional pVHL (RC3) were resistant to the cytotoxic effects of TNF-alpha, reconstitution of these RCC cells with wild-type pVHL (WT8) restored their sensitivity to TNF-alpha cytotoxicity. The major TNF-alpha-inducible transcription factor nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB in the nuclear fraction capable of binding NF-kappaB-binding motifs was significantly increased in RC3 cells. Concordantly, the expression of NF-kappaB-target antiapoptotic genes c-FLIP, Survivin, c-IAP-1, and cIAP-2, which block the activities of caspases 8 and 3, were dramatically elevated in RC3 cells. Indeed, RC3 cells showed low caspases 8 and 3 activities. These results demonstrate that pVHL facilitates TNF-alpha-induced cytotoxicity in RCC cells, at least in part, through the down-regulation of NF-kappaB activity and subsequent attenuation of antiapoptotic proteins c-FLIP, Survivin, c-IAP-1, and c-IAP-2.
authors: Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8 Canada.
authors: Heng
authors: H
authors: Qi
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Ohh
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D020169:Caspases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics; D000077022:Survivin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000502:physiology*; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D053446:CASP8 and FADD-Like Apoptosis Regulating Protein; C506386:CFLAR protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D000077022:Survivin; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D051794:Von Hippel-Lindau Tumor Suppressor Protein; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases; C497446:VHL protein, human