title: [Standards, options and recommendations for the use of medical analgesics for the treatment of pain arising from excess nociception in adults with cancer (update 2002): opioid analgesics with the exception of morphine by mouth and the rotation].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The "Standards, Options and Recommendations" (SOR) project, started in 1993, is a collaboration between the federation of French Cancer Centers (FNCLCC), the 20 French cancer centers, and specialists from French public universities, general hospitals and private clinics. The main objective is the development of clinical practice guidelines to improve the quality of health care and the outcome of cancer patients. The methodology is based on a literature review and critical appraisal by a multidisciplinary group of experts, with feedback from specialists in cancer care delivery.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop clinical practice guidelines for the use of opioid analgesics with the exception of oral morphine and for opioid rotation related to the treatment of nociceptive pain in adults with cancer according to the definitions of the Standards, Options and Recommendations project.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1996, a working group, set up by the FNCLCC published clinical practice guidelines for pain management in adult and paediatric patients with cancer: In the light of the evolution of knowledge, and practice these guidelines need to be updated The section on "médical analgesic treatments" in the document published in 1996 was examined by the working group to identify which questions should be updated. These questions and the relevant key words were used to develop a search strategy which was used to search Medline, and for particular questions, Embase, from January 1994 to March 1999, for relevant references, published in English or French.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For this update, only a few randomised clinical trials were identified, and their conclusions were generally weak. Thus much of the information in this document is based on the World Health Organisation (WHO) guidelines and represents the "state of the art" on this subject in France and is supported by expert agreement. Some changes to the original SOR are presented, particularly for the prescription of new opioids and opioid rotation. The full text of this SOR is available on the FNCLCC web site (http ://www.fnclcc.fr).
authors: Hôpital St Antoine, Paris, France.
authors: Sylvie
authors: S
authors: Rostaing-Rigattieri
authors: Hubert
authors: H
authors: Rousselot
authors: Ivan
authors: I
authors: Krakowski
authors: Serge
authors: S
authors: Theobald
authors: Elisabeth
authors: E
authors: Collin
authors: Nicole
authors: N
authors: Vuillemin
authors: Laurent
authors: L
authors: Balp
authors: Gérard
authors: G
authors: Torloting
authors: Bernard
authors: B
authors: Fergane
authors: Bruno
authors: B
authors: Richard
authors: Roseline
authors: R
authors: Duclos
authors: Alain
authors: A
authors: Eschalier
authors: Thierry
authors: T
authors: Delorme
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Minello
authors: Sophie
authors: S
authors: Toussaint
authors: Anne
authors: A
authors: Richard
authors: Marc
authors: M
authors: Magnet
authors: Giselle
authors: G
authors: Chvetzoff
authors: François
authors: F
authors: Larue
authors: Marie-Louise
authors: ML
authors: Navez
authors: Olivier
authors: O
authors: Collard
authors: Marie-Pierre
authors: MP
authors: Bonnefoi
authors: Monique
authors: M
authors: Couturier
authors: Nadia
authors: N
authors: Santolaria
authors: Jean-Philippe
authors: JP
authors: Wagner
authors: Nicolas
authors: N
authors: Fabre
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid