title: Regulation of adipocytokines and insulin resistance.
abstract: It has long been known that obesity and insulin resistance are linked. Recently, it has been shown that adipocytes secrete several proteins including tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, resistin, and adiponectin. Since several of these so-called adipocytokines influence insulin sensitivity and glucose metabolism profoundly, they might provide a molecular link between increased adiposity and impaired insulin sensitivity. Thiazolidinediones which decrease insulin resistance and are used in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes seem to mediate part of their insulin-sensitising effects via modulation of adipocytokine expression. Furthermore, hormones such as beta-adrenergic agonists, insulin, glucocorticoids, and growth hormone might impair insulin sensitivity at least in part via up-regulation or down-regulation of adipocytokine synthesis. We summarise the current knowledge on how major adipocyte-secreted proteins are regulated by hormones and drugs influencing insulin sensitivity and discuss its implications for insulin resistance and obesity.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine III, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Fasshauer
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Paschke
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006729:Hormones, Ectopic / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000502:physiology; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology; D009765:Obesity; D011506:Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D052243:Resistin
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D016207:Cytokines; D006729:Hormones, Ectopic; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D020738:Leptin; D011506:Proteins; C499624:RETN protein, human; D052243:Resistin