title: Gamma-proteobacteria Aquicella lusitana gen. nov., sp. nov., and Aquicella siphonis sp. nov. infect protozoa and require activated charcoal for growth in laboratory media.
abstract: Several isolates, belonging to two new species of the same novel genus of gamma-proteobacteria, were recovered from drilled well (borehole) and spa water at São Gemil in central Portugal. These organisms are phylogenetically most closely related to the strictly intracellular uncultured species of the genus Rickettsiella, which cause disease in arthropods, and to the facultatively intracellular species of the genus Legionella, some of which cause Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever. The São Gemil strains grew only on media containing charcoal, as is also true of the species of the genus LEGIONELLA: Unlike the vast majority of Legionella isolates, the new isolates did not require L-cysteine or ferric pyrophosphate for growth but like the legionellae had an absolute requirement for alpha-ketoglutarate. Strains SGT-39(T) and SGT-56 grew consistently between 30 and 43 degrees C, while strains SGT-108(T) and SGT-109 grew between 30 and 40 degrees C. The pH ranges for growth of these organisms were surprisingly narrow: strains SGT-39(T) and SGT-56 grew between pH 6.3 and 7.3, while strains SGT-108(T) and SGT-109 grew between pH 6.3 and 7.0. Both organisms proliferated in the amoeba Hartmannella vermiformis but did not grow in U937 human cells. Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and physiological, biochemical, and chemical analysis we describe two new species of one novel genus; one species is represented by strain SGT-39(T), for which we propose the name Aquicella lusitana, while strain SGT-108(T) represents a second species of the same genus, for which we propose the name Aquicella siphonis.
authors: Departamento de Zoologia and Centro de Neurociências, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-517 Coimbra, Portugal.
authors: Paula
authors: P
authors: Santos
authors: Isabel
authors: I
authors: Pinhal
authors: Fred A
authors: FA
authors: Rainey
authors: Nuno
authors: N
authors: Empadinhas
authors: Joana
authors: J
authors: Costa
authors: Barry
authors: B
authors: Fields
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Benson
authors: António
authors: A
authors: Veríssimo
authors: Milton S
authors: MS
authors: Da Costa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002606:Charcoal / Q000378:metabolism*; D044125:Coxiellaceae / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D020563:Gammaproteobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D006249:Hartmannella / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D002606:Charcoal