title: Association of the polymorphisms in the 5'-untranslated region of PTEN gene with type 2 diabetes in a Japanese population.
abstract: Phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN) is known to act as a lipid phosphatase hydrolyzing phosphatidylinositol (PI)(3,4,5)P(3) to PI(4,5)P(2). Since the PI3-kinase product, PI(3,4,5)P(3), is an important second messenger leading to the metabolic action of insulin, PTEN functions as a potent negative regulator of insulin signaling and its gene is one of the possible candidates involved in susceptibility to the development of type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes. In the present study, we investigated the polymorphisms of the PTEN gene in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes and non-diabetic control subjects. We identified three mutations of the gene in the type 2 diabetes patients. Among these mutations, the frequency of the substitution of C with G at position -9 (-9C-->G) (SNP1), located in the untranslated region of exon 1, was significantly higher in type 2 diabetic patients than in control subjects. In addition, transfection of the PTEN gene with SNP1 resulted in a significantly higher expression level of PTEN protein compared with that of the wild-type PTEN gene in Cos1 and Rat1 cells. Furthermore, insulin-induced phosphorylation of Akt in HIRc cells was decreased more greatly by transfection of SNP1 PTEN gene than that of wild-type PTEN gene. These findings suggest that the change of C to G at position -9 of the PTEN gene is associated with the insulin resistance of type 2 diabetes due possibly to a potentiated hydrolysis of the PI3-kinase product.
authors: Sainou Hospital, Toyama 930-0887, Japan.
authors: Hajime
authors: H
authors: Ishihara
authors: Toshiyasu
authors: T
authors: Sasaoka
authors: Syota
authors: S
authors: Kagawa
authors: Shihou
authors: S
authors: Murakami
authors: Kazuhito
authors: K
authors: Fukui
authors: Yukio
authors: Y
authors: Kawagishi
authors: Katsuya
authors: K
authors: Yamazaki
authors: Akira
authors: A
authors: Sato
authors: Minoru
authors: M
authors: Iwata
authors: Masaharu
authors: M
authors: Urakaze
authors: Manabu
authors: M
authors: Ishiki
authors: Tsutomu
authors: T
authors: Wada
authors: Saori
authors: S
authors: Yaguchi
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Tsuneki
authors: Ikuko
authors: I
authors: Kimura
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D014162:Transfection; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D017931:DNA Primers; D007328:Insulin; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human