title: The role of reactive oxygen species on Plasmodium melanotic encapsulation in Anopheles gambiae.
abstract: Malaria transmission depends on the competence of some Anopheles mosquitoes to sustain Plasmodium development (susceptibility). A genetically selected refractory strain of Anopheles gambiae blocks Plasmodium development, melanizing, and encapsulating the parasite in a reaction that begins with tyrosine oxidation, and involves three quantitative trait loci. Morphological and microarray mRNA expression analysis suggest that the refractory and susceptible strains have broad physiological differences, which are related to the production and detoxification of reactive oxygen species. Physiological studies corroborate that the refractory strain is in a chronic state of oxidative stress, which is exacerbated by blood feeding, resulting in increased steady-state levels of reactive oxygen species, which favor melanization of parasites as well as Sephadex beads.
authors: Colorado State University, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, 1619 Campus Delivery, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
authors: Sanjeev
authors: S
authors: Kumar
authors: George K
authors: GK
authors: Christophides
authors: Rafael
authors: R
authors: Cantera
authors: Bradley
authors: B
authors: Charles
authors: Yeon Soo
authors: YS
authors: Han
authors: Stephan
authors: S
authors: Meister
authors: George
authors: G
authors: Dimopoulos
authors: Fotis C
authors: FC
authors: Kafatos
authors: Carolina
authors: C
authors: Barillas-Mury
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002374:Catalase / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017344:Genes, Insect; D008543:Melanins / Q000378:metabolism; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008543:Melanins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase