Cloning, sequencing, and characterization of the genetic region relevant to biosynthesis of the lipopeptides iturin A and surfactin in Bacillus subtilis.
Bacillus subtilis B3 was found to produce lipopeptides iturins and fengycin that have activity against several plant pathogens such as Fusarium graminearum, Rhizoctonia solani, Rhizoctonia cerealis, and Pyricularia grisea. A 3642-bp genomic region of B. subtilis B3 comprising srfDB3, aspB3, lpaB3, and yczEB3 genes that resulted in biosynthesis of surfactin in B. subtilis 168 was cloned, sequenced, and characterized. Among them, the srfDB3 gene encodes thioesterase, which is required for biosynthesis of surfactin in B. subtilis; the aspB3 gene encodes a putative aspartate aminotransferase-like protein; the lpaB3 encodes phosphopantetheinyl transferase, which shows high identity to the product of lpa-14 gene regulating the biosynthesis of iturin A and surfactin in B. subtilis RB14; the yczEB3 encodes a YczE-like protein with significant similarities in signal peptide and part of the ABC transport system. The genetic regions between the srfD gene and lpa gene from B. subtilis B3 and B. subtilis A13, which produces iturin A, contain an approximate 1-kb nucleotide fragment encoding an aspartate aminotransferase-like protein; however, the relevant regions from B. subtilis 168 and B. subtilis ATCC21332 producing surfactin comprise an approximately 4-kb nucleotide fragment encoding four unknown proteins. There is 73% identity between the Lpa family and the Sfp family, although both are highly conserved.
Yao
Shiyi
S
Key Lab of Monitoring and Management of Plant Diseases and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PRC. yaoshiyi@yahoo.com
Gao
Xuewen
X
Fuchsbauer
Norbert
N
Hillen
Wolfgang
W
Vater
Joachim
J
Wang
Jinsheng
J
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000235:genetics; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D023061:Gene Order; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009876:Operon; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D055666:Lipopeptides; D010455:Peptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; C009365:surfactin peptide; C013579:iturin A; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D013869:Thiolester Hydrolases