title: Ploidy and nuclear area as a predictive factor of histologic grade in primary breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare ploidy and nuclear area with histologic grade in breast cancer using cytologic samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fine needle aspirates from 85 patients with primary breast cancer were analyzed to identify ploidy and nuclear area. The Feulgen technique was used to stain the material. We used the SAMBA 4000 image analysis system (Grenoble, France) for analyzing ploidy and nuclear area. Each patient underwent a biopsy, and the histologic grade was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant association was found between ploidy and nuclear area, between histologic grade and nuclear area, and between ploidy and histologic grade. As ploidy became aneuploid and polyploid and nuclear area became larger, histologic grade became higher.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A reliable and rapid evaluation of variables for breast cancer can be achieved using cytologic preparations by measuring ploidy and nuclear area of malignant cells with an image analysis system. Ploidy and nuclear area have a significant association with histologic grade.
authors: Department of Cytopathology, Rambam Medical Center, Bat-Galim, Haifa 31096, Israel. g_klorin@rambam.health.gov.il
authors: Geula
authors: G
authors: Klorin
authors: Ruth
authors: R
authors: Keren
mesh_terms: D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D011003:Ploidies; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013194:Staining and Labeling