title: [Nasopharyngeal colonization of Streptococcus pneumoniae in healthy children: percentage of carriers, serotypes distribution and antibiotic resistance].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae is an important risk factor for pneumococcal diseases. Data regarding prevalence and serotype distribution of this pathogen are lacking in our population.
  
  
  METHODS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  longitudinal observational cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  healthy children aged 1-7 years attending day-care centers and schools of a district of a Southern Italy city.
  
  
  METHODS
  the nasopharyngeal colonization rate of Streptococcus pneumoniae as well as its antibiotic susceptibility was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 317 nasopharyngeal cultures obtained, 18.29% of the cultures were positive for Streptococcus pneumoniae; 60.34% of the isolates were serotypes 19A, 19F, 14, 6B, or 23F; 8.62% of the strains were intermediately resistant to penicillin. Erythromycin-resistance was observed in 65.51% of the micro-organisms isolated and particularly serotypes 19, 14, and 6 were more erythromycin-resistant than organisms of other serotypes. Co-trimoxazole resistance was detected in 17.24% of the strains. All the strains resulted uniformly susceptible to cefotaxime and ceftriaxone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high rate of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae, along with the resistance to antibiotics widely used in the community, suggests the importance of an epidemiological surveillance as well as the application of new vaccine strategies.
authors: Dipartimento di Biomedicina dell'Età Evolutiva, Pediatria Generale e Specialistica, Università degli Studi di Bari, Bari, Italy.
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Schettini
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Miragliotta
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Carucci
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Mosca
authors: G C
authors: GC
authors: Del Vecchio
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Laforgia
authors: D
authors: D
authors: De Mattia
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002439:Cefotaxime / Q000494:pharmacology; D002443:Ceftriaxone / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004917:Erythromycin; D002443:Ceftriaxone; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D002439:Cefotaxime