title: Comparison of inhibitory effects of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and insulin-like growth factor on low potassium-induced apoptosis and activation of p38 MAPK and c-Jun in cultured cerebellar granule neurons.
abstract: On cell maturation following culture in medium containing 26 mM potassium (high K+; HK), a change to medium containing 5 mM potassium (low K+; LK) rapidly induces apoptosis in rat cerebellar granule neurons. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) have survival-promoting effects on the neurons via PI3-K. However, it remains unclear how they prevent the apoptosis in the pathway downstream of phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3-K). Recently, we have reported that PI3-K-ASK1 pathway is involved in signal-transduction to p38 MAPK (p38)-c-Jun pathway. Here we found that IGF-1 had a greater survival-promoting effect than BDNF, and activated PI3-K to a higher level and maintained the level for a longer time. BDNF and IGF-1 suppressed the activation of p38 and c-Jun, but not of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), caused by lowering the potassium concentration. The inhibitory effects of IGF-1 were much greater than those of BDNF. In addition, LY294002, a specific inhibitor of PI3-K, cancelled the inhibitory effects of BDNF and IGF-1. These results suggest that the greater inhibitory effects of IGF-1 than BDNF, on activation of p38 and c-Jun and apoptosis, are caused by the higher level of PI3-K activation during LK-induced apoptosis of cultured cerebellar granule neurons.
authors: Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. yamagishi@anat2.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors: Satoru
authors: S
authors: Yamagishi
authors: Tomoya
authors: T
authors: Matsumoto
authors: Daisaku
authors: D
authors: Yokomaku
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Hatanaka
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Shimoke
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Yamada
authors: Toshihiko
authors: T
authors: Ikeuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000254:growth & development; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D008297:Male; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011191:Potassium Deficiency / Q000201:enzymology; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases