title: Usefulness of source images from three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography after treatment of cavernous dural arteriovenous fistulas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Source images from three-dimensional time-of-flight MR angiography (3D TOF MRA) are useful for the diagnosis of cavernous dural arteriovenous fistulas. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of source images from 3D TOF MRA compared with digital subtraction angiography (DSA) as a follow-up technique for the detection of residual or recurrent fistulas after treatment. We also assessed the effect of embolized materials in the evaluation of MRA.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 14 patients who were treated with embolization and/or radiation therapy, follow-up MRA and DSA were performed after a mean follow-up duration of 3 months. Two observers independently reviewed the source images from MRA in regard to the presence of hyperintense regions within the cavernous sinus and enlargement of the draining veins. They also assessed whether embolized materials affected the evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of source images from MRA in revealing residual or recurrent fistulas were 100% (9 of 9 true positive findings), 80% (4 of 5 true negative findings), and 90% (9 of 10 positive findings), respectively. In all five patients treated with platinum coils, hypointense areas in the cavernous sinus were observed but did not affect image evaluation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Source images from 3D TOF MRA provided accurate diagnosis with no effect of embolized materials in the follow-up of treated cavernous dural arteriovenous fistulas.
authors: Department of Radiology, Kumamoto University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors: Toshinori
authors: T
authors: Hirai
authors: Yukunori
authors: Y
authors: Korogi
authors: Ichiro
authors: I
authors: Ikushima
authors: Yoshinori
authors: Y
authors: Shigematsu
authors: Shouji
authors: S
authors: Morishita
authors: Yasuyuki
authors: Y
authors: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D002426:Cavernous Sinus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D020785:Central Nervous System Vascular Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity