title: Time from diagnosis of type 2 diabetes to initiation of insulin therapy is related to carotid artery intima-media thickness.
abstract: To investigate the association between time from diagnosis of type 2 diabetes to initiation of insulin therapy (pre-exogenous insulin period) and intima-media thickness (IMT) of the common carotid artery (CCA), a cross-sectional analysis was conducted among 98 males and 193 females (90% Hispanic) with type 2 diabetes, aged 30-70 years old. The association between the pre-exogenous insulin period and the primary outcome was examined in men and women using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) with adjustment for current age, duration of insulin therapy, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, systolic blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c. The pre-exogenous insulin period was significantly and linearly associated with mean IMT of the CCA in men. In women, the linear trend was not significant while a significant quadratic trend was noted across three categories of the pre-exogenous insulin period (0-5, 6-10, 11-24 years). Longitudinal data are needed to determine the effect of early initiation of insulin therapy on the progression of subclinical atherosclerosis among persons with diabetes.
authors: Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1540 Alcazar Street, CHP-218, Los Angeles, CA 90089-9010, USA.
authors: Ling
authors: L
authors: Zheng
authors: Thomas A
authors: TA
authors: Buchanan
authors: Howard N
authors: HN
authors: Hodis
authors: Yanjie
authors: Y
authors: Li
authors: Mina
authors: M
authors: Torres
authors: Wendy J
authors: WJ
authors: Mack
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013997:Time Factors; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin