Rhinovirus 16 3C protease induces interleukin-8 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor expression in human bronchial epithelial cells.
Rhinovirus (RV), a member of the Picornaviridae family, accounts for many virus-induced asthma exacerbations. RV induces airway cell chemokine expression both in vivo and in vitro. Because of the known interactions of proteases with cellular functions, we hypothesized that RV 3C protease is sufficient for cytokine up-regulation. A cDNA encoding RV16 3C protease was constructed by PCR amplification and transfected into 16HBE14o- human bronchial epithelial cells. 3C protease induced expression of both IL-8 and GM-CSF, as well as transcription from both the IL-8 and GM-CSF promoters. 3C expression also induced activator protein 1 and NF-kappaB transcriptional activation. Finally, mutation of IL-8 promoter AP-1 and NF-kappaB promoter sequences significantly reduced 3C-induced responses. Together, these data suggest expression of RV16 3C protease is sufficient to induce chemokine expression in human bronchial epithelial cells, and does so in an AP-1- and NF-kappaB-dependent manner.
Funkhouser
Ann W
AW
Department of Pediatrics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637-1470, USA.
Kang
Jeong-Ah
JA
Tan
Alan
A
Li
Jing
J
Zhou
Limei
L
Abe
Mark K
MK
Solway
Julian
J
Hershenson
Marc B
MB
D000086042:3C Viral Proteases; D001980:Bronchi / Q000166:cytology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000276:immunology; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000276:immunology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014764:Viral Proteins; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D000086042:3C Viral Proteases