title: Neonatal adjustments.
abstract: Pharmacodynamic responses by neonates are the same as those for adults, but physiologic differences and pathophysiologic changes can affect pharmacokinetic values sufficiently to require adjustments in dosage regimens used for calves. Adjunctive care may be necessary for some patients to correct or maintain perfusion and temperature of tissues so that absorption and distribution may be adequate. Intravenous administration may be the only route appropriate for some critically ill patients. Anatomic sites and formulation of products administered by extravascular parenteral routes markedly can affect absorption of those products and subsequent clinical response to treatment.
authors: Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, TAMU 4466, College Station, TX 77843-4466, USA. gbrumbaugh@cvm.tamu.edu
authors: Gordon W
authors: GW
authors: Brumbaugh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004333:Drug Administration Routes / Q000662:veterinary*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D019155:Veterinary Drugs