title: Immunofocusing: antigen engineering to promote the induction of HIV-neutralizing antibodies.
abstract: Understanding how neutralizing antibodies recognize HIV could aid the design of antigens that induce protective antibodies upon immunization. There have been several advances in this area of AIDS vaccine research, including structural elucidation of the core of two gp120 envelope glycoproteins and, more recently, determination of the structures of the broadly HIV-1-neutralizing antibodies b12, 2G12 and 2F5. The structures have enabled features governing the molecular interaction of each antibody with its epitope to be explored. For the antibody b12, this has resulted in the design of novel, tailored antigens aimed at inducing similar antibodies with equivalent neutralizing properties. This template-based approach to immunogen design shows promise as a means to engineer innovative AIDS vaccine candidates.
authors: Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. rpanto@scripps.edu
authors: Ralph
authors: R
authors: Pantophlet
authors: Dennis R
authors: DR
authors: Burton
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000409:Alanine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D009154:Mutation; D015202:Protein Engineering; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D000409:Alanine