title: Guidelines on critical care services and personnel: Recommendations based on a system of categorization of three levels of care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe three levels of hospital-based critical care centers to optimally match services and personnel with community needs, and to recommend essential intensive care unit services and personnel for each critical care level.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multidisciplinary writing panel of professionals with expertise in the clinical practice of critical care medicine working under the direction of the American College of Critical Care Medicine (ACCM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Relevant medical literature was accessed through a systematic Medline search and synthesized by the ACCM writing panel, a multidisciplinary group of critical care experts. Consensus for the final written document was reached through collaboration in meetings and through electronic communication modalities. Literature cited included previously written guidelines from the ACCM, published expert opinion and statements from official organizations, published review articles, and nonrandomized, historical cohort investigations. With this background, the ACCM writing panel described a three-tiered system of intensive care units determined by service-based criteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Guidelines for optimal intensive care unit services and personnel for hospitals with varying resources will facilitate both local and regional delivery of consistent and excellent care to critically ill patients.
authors: Oregon Health Sciences University, Adult Critical Care Services, Portland, USA.
authors: Marilyn T
authors: MT
authors: Haupt
authors: Carolyn E
authors: CE
authors: Bekes
authors: Richard J
authors: RJ
authors: Brilli
authors: Linda C
authors: LC
authors: Carl
authors: Anthony W
authors: AW
authors: Gray
authors: Michael S
authors: MS
authors: Jastremski
authors: Douglas F
authors: DF
authors: Naylor
authors: Maria Rudis
authors: MR
authors: PharmD
authors: Antoinette Spevetz
authors: AS
authors: Md
authors: Suzanne K
authors: SK
authors: Wedel
authors: Mathilda Horst
authors: MH
authors: Md
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003422:Critical Care / Q000145:classification / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000145:classification / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010564:Personnel, Hospital; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012955:Societies, Medical; D014481:United States