title: A Y chromosomal influence on prostate cancer risk: the multi-ethnic cohort study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A Y chromosomal role in prostate cancer has previously been suggested by both cytogenetic findings and patterns of Y chromosomal gene expression. We took advantage of the well established and stable phylogeny of the non-recombining segment of the Y chromosome to investigate the association between Y chromosomal DNA variation and prostate cancer risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the distribution of 116 Y lineages in 930 prostate cancer cases and 1208 controls from four ethnic groups from a cohort study in Hawaii and California.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One lineage, found only among the Japanese group in our study, was associated with a statistically significant predisposition to prostate cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 1.63; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.07 to 2.47), and, in particular, to high severity disease in younger individuals (OR = 3.89; 95% CI 1.34 to 11.31).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This finding suggests that a Y chromosomal factor contributes significantly to the development of prostate cancer in Japanese men.
authors: Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
authors: S
authors: S
authors: Paracchini
authors: C L
authors: CL
authors: Pearce
authors: L N
authors: LN
authors: Kolonel
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Altshuler
authors: B E
authors: BE
authors: Henderson
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Tyler-Smith
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers