title: Major involvement of CD40 in the regulation of chemokine secretion from human peritoneal mesothelial cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CD40 is a member of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family of receptors, whose ligand, CD154, is expressed by activated mononuclear cells. CD40 activation is a major immune regulatory pathway and is important for the regulation of chemokine and cytokine secretion. This study investigates the effect of CD40 ligation on the secretion of chemokines from human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC).
  
  
  METHODS
  We activated CD40 in HPMC along with combinations of TNF-alpha, interleukin-1 (IL-1), and interferon gamma (IFN-gamma), and evaluated the mRNA levels and protein secretion of regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and IL-8.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD40 ligation had a small stimulatory effect on the secretion of all three chemokines, while TNF-alpha, IL-1 and IFN-gamma induced their secretion in a dose-dependent manner. The combination of CD40 ligation with either IL-1 or TNF-alpha increased chemokine secretion additively. IFN-gamma and CD40 ligation acted in synergy to induce the secretion of the mononuclear recruiting chemokines RANTES and MCP-1 (up to approximately 36-fold and approximately threefold, respectively), for which the combination of all three cytokines with CD40 ligation was extremely potent. In contrast, the secretion of the neutrophil chemoattractant IL-8, induced by CD40 ligation or by the combination of IL-1 and TNF-alpha, was reduced in the presence of IFN-gamma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In light of our data, it is reasonable to suggest that in the mononuclear phase of peritonitis, IFN-gamma and CD154, expressed by activated mononuclear cells, diminish IL-8 secretion from HPMC and thus inhibit neutrophil recruitment. At the same time, the two act in synergy to induce the secretion of RANTES and MCP-1 from HPMC. Hence, by regulating chemokine secretion, CD40 may be involved in peritonitis and in the development of late phase mononuclear predominance.
authors: Department of Nephrology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Faculty of Health Sciences, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors: Limor
authors: L
authors: Man
authors: Eli
authors: E
authors: Lewis
authors: Tom
authors: T
authors: Einbinder
authors: Boris
authors: B
authors: Rogachev
authors: Cidio
authors: C
authors: Chaimovitz
authors: Amos
authors: A
authors: Douvdevani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019013:CD40 Antigens; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma