title: Preparation and characterization of novel coenzyme Q10 nanoparticles engineered from microemulsion precursors.
abstract: The purpose of these studies was to prepare and characterize nanoparticles into which Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) had been incorporated (CoQ10-NPs) using a simple and potentially scalable method. CoQ10-NPs were prepared by cooling warm microemulsion precursors composed of emulsifying wax, CoQ10, Brij 78, and/or Tween 20. The nanoparticles were lyophilized, and the stability of CoQ10-NPs in both lyophilized form and aqueous suspension was monitored over 7 days. The release of CoQ10 from the nanoparticles was investigated at 37 degrees C. Finally, an in vitro study of the uptake of CoQ10-NPs by mouse macrophage, J774A.1, was completed. The incorporation efficiency of CoQ10 was approximately 74% +/- 5%. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) showed that the nanoparticle was not a physical mixture of its individual components. The size of the nanoparticles increased over time if stored in aqueous suspension. However, enhanced stability was observed when the nanoparticles were stored at 4 degrees C. Storage in lyophilized form demonstrated the highest stability. The in vitro release profile of CoQ10 from the nanoparticles showed an initial period of rapid release in the first 9 hours followed by a period of slower and extended release. The uptake of CoQ10-NPs by the J774A.1 cells was over 4-fold higher than that of the CoQ10-free nanoparticles (P < .05). In conclusion, CoQ10-NPs with potential application for oral CoQ10 delivery were engineered readily from microemulsion precursors.
authors: Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536-0082, USA.
authors: Cheng-Hsuan
authors: CH
authors: Hsu
authors: Zhengrong
authors: Z
authors: Cui
authors: Russell J
authors: RJ
authors: Mumper
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Jay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning / Q000379:methods; D002460:Cell Line; D002616:Chemical Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D003067:Coenzymes; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods; D004355:Drug Stability; D004655:Emulsions / Q000737:chemistry*; D005612:Freeze Drying / Q000379:methods; D008264:Macrophages / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D010316:Particle Size; D012995:Solubility; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D003067:Coenzymes; D004655:Emulsions; D014451:Ubiquinone; C024989:coenzyme Q10