title: Effect of antifungal drugs on pathogenic Naegleria spp isolated from natural water sources.
abstract: Five of 16 strains of pathogenic Naegleria spp isolated from 350 natural water sources in Taling Chan District, Bangkok had similar molecular weights and zymogram patterns to those of Naegleria fowleri CDCVO 3081 and Thai strain. The in vitro effects of antifungal drugs (amphotericin B, ketoconazole, fluconazole and itraconazole) were tested at the following concentrations: amphotericin B 0.01-0.55 microg/ml, ketoconazole 0.01-0.3 microg/ml, fluconazole 0.75-3.5 mg/ml and itraconazole 4-12 mg/ml respectively. Aliquots (15,000 cells/ml) of the amoebae were placed in the cells of the microtiter plate and incubated at 37 degrees C. Amoebae from each treatment sample were exposed to one of the four antifungal drugs. Statistical analysis was done by dependent t-test. The sensitivity of the antifungal drugs (MIC50) was as follows: amphotericin B 0.03-0.035 microg/ml ketoconazole 0.05-0.15 microg/ml fluconazole 1.75 mg/ml and itraconazole 8-9 mg/ml respectively (p < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amphotericin B and ketoconazole are more active against Naegleria fowleri in vitro. The results of the present study should be used as an in vitro screening test for drugs that have potential amebicidal activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand.
authors.forename: Supathra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tiewcharoen
authors.forename: Virach
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Junnu
authors.forename: Surasak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suvoutho
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D009253:Naegleria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D007654:Ketoconazole