title: Metal fragment in the temporomandibular joint: a case report.
abstract: A 56-year-old woman was referred for severe pain and restricted jaw movements with a duration of more than 10 years. In the early 1990s a discectomy on the left side had been performed where the disc was extirpated and replaced with a polymeric implant. Due to infection and pain the implant was removed about 2 months later. In the 10-year period thereafter she suffered pain from the joint, pain from the left ear, tinnitus and restricted mouth opening.A computer tomography scan revealed a foreign body, approximately 4mm in size, situated in the medial part of the glenoid fossa. The metallic foreign body was surgically removed. The pain from her left temporomandibular joint decreased and the mouth opening capacity increased. Patch-testing showed that the patient had a potential for contact allergy to nickel, chromium and cobalt. The foreign body was most probably a fractured tip of a surgical awl. Energy dispersive X-ray analysis revealed that the fragment consisted of iron and chromium. The instrument fragment could have caused the symptoms either by an allergic reaction or a direct mechanical effect.
authors.affiliation: Haukeland University Hospital, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, NO-5021, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Gjerdet
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tornes
mesh_terms: D001178:Arthroplasty / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D002857:Chromium / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005547:Foreign Bodies / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013525:Surgical Instruments / Q000009:adverse effects; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D002857:Chromium