title: In vitro neurotoxic evaluation of root-end-filling materials.
abstract: Root-end-filling materials have been tested for toxicity on several cell types, but their toxicity has not been tested on neurons. In this study we evaluated the neurotoxicity in murine cerebral cortical cell cultures of four commonly used root-end-filling materials: mineral trioxide aggregate, amalgam, Super EBA, and Diaket. Standardized amounts of each material were placed on culture-well inserts, allowing the material to be exposed to the culture bathing media without causing physical disruption of the cells. Cell death was quantified by assaying release of the cytosolic enzyme lactate dehydrogenase. Exposure of cortical cultures to freshly mixed or 7-day-old MTA did not cause significant neuronal death, whereas exposure to freshly mixed or 7-day-old amalgam, Super EBA, and Diaket resulted in significant neuronal death (p < .05). Thus, each material, except for mineral trioxide aggregate, can induce neurotoxicity, even when allowed to set thoroughly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA. masrari@wi.rr.com
authors.forename: Mahshid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asrari
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lobner
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001729:Bismuth / Q000633:toxicity; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D016923:Cell Death; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D003470:Culture Media; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D003723:Dental Amalgam / Q000633:toxicity; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D010087:Oxides / Q000633:toxicity; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000633:toxicity; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D017640:Silicates / Q000633:toxicity; D013997:Time Factors; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003470:Culture Media; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D009498:Neurotoxins; D010087:Oxides; D011145:Polyvinyls; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C014457:bismuth phosphate, copolymers of vinyl acetate, dichlorophen, propionyl-acetophenone, triethanolamine, vinyl chloride, vinylisobutyl ether, zinc oxide drug combination; D003723:Dental Amalgam; C084074:Super EBA; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D015034:Zinc Oxide; D001729:Bismuth