title: Perfluorooctanesulfonate and other fluorochemicals in the serum of American Red Cross adult blood donors.
abstract: Perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride-based products have included surfactants, paper and packaging treatments, and surface protectants (e.g., for carpet, upholstery, textile). Depending on the specific functional derivatization or degree of polymerization, such products may degrade or metabolize, to an undetermined degree, to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), a stable and persistent end product that has the potential to bioaccumulate. In this investigation, a total of 645 adult donor serum samples from six American Red Cross blood collection centers were analyzed for PFOS and six other fluorochemicals using HPLC-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry. PFOS concentrations ranged from the lower limit of quantitation of 4.1 ppb to 1656.0 ppb with a geometric mean of 34.9 ppb [95% confidence interval (CI), 33.3-36.5]. The geometric mean was higher among males (37.8 ppb; 95% CI, 35.5-40.3) than among females (31.3 ppb; 95% CI, 30.0-34.3). No substantial difference was observed with age. The estimate of the 95% tolerance limit of PFOS was 88.5 ppb (upper limit of 95% CI, 100.0 ppb). The measures of central tendency for the other fluorochemicals (N-ethyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate, N-methyl perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate, perfluorooctanesulfonamidoacetate, perfluorooctanesulfonamide, perfluorooctanoate, and perfluorohexanesulfonate) were approximately an order of magnitude lower than PFOS. Because serum PFOS concentrations correlate with cumulative human exposure, this information can be useful for risk characterization.
authors.affiliation: Medical Department, 3M Company, St. Paul, Minnesota 55144, USA. gwolsen@mmm.com
authors.forename: Geary W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Church
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Jean M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Burris
authors.forename: Kristen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: James K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Armitage
authors.forename: Ross M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Herron
authors.forename: Zahra
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Medhdizadehkashi
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Nobiletti
authors.forename: E Mary
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Mandel
authors.forename: Larry R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Zobel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids / Q000097:blood*; D001782:Blood Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000097:blood*; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012011:Red Cross; D044967:Serum / Q000737:chemistry*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D017738:Alkanesulfonic Acids; D005466:Fluorocarbons; C076994:perfluorooctane sulfonic acid; D005459:Fluorides