title: Cyclophilin A and calcineurin functions investigated by gene inactivation, cyclosporin A inhibition and cDNA arrays approaches in the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea.
abstract: Calcineurin phosphatase and cyclophilin A are cellular components involved in fungal morphogenesis and virulence. Their roles were investigated in the phytopathogenic fungus Botrytis cinerea using gene inactivation, drug inhibition and cDNA macroarrays approaches. First, the BCP1 gene coding for cyclophilin A was identified and inactivated by homologous recombination. The bcp1Delta null mutant obtained was still able to develop infection structures but was altered in symptom development on bean and tomato leaves. Opposite to this, calcineurin inhibition using cyclosporin A (CsA) modified hyphal morphology and prevented infection structure formation. CsA drug pattern signature on macroarrays allowed the identification of 18 calcineurin-dependent (CND) genes among 2839 B. cinerea genes. Among the co-regulated CND genes, three were shown to be organized as a physical cluster that could be involved in secondary metabolism. The signature of BCP1 inactivation on macroarrays allowed the identification of only three BCP1 cyclophilin-dependent (CPD) genes that were different from CND genes. Finally, no CsA drug pattern signature was observed in the bcp1Delta null mutant which provided a molecular target validation of the drug.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Phytopathologie et Méthodologies de la Détection, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Route de Saint-Cyr, 78086 Versailles, France. viaud@versailles.inra.fr
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viaud
authors.forename: Adeline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brunet-Simon
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Brygoo
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pradier
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Levis
mesh_terms: D000490:Allium / Q000382:microbiology; D020171:Botrytis / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000378:metabolism*; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D021984:Cyclophilin A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000382:microbiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000382:microbiology; D031306:Vicia / Q000382:microbiology; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D019703:Calcineurin; D021984:Cyclophilin A