Intravenous inoculation of replication-deficient recombinant vaccinia virus DIs expressing simian immunodeficiency virus gag controls highly pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus in monkeys.
To be effective, a vaccine against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) must induce virus-specific T-cell responses and it must be safe for use in humans. To address these issues, we developed a recombinant vaccinia virus DIs vaccine (rDIsSIVGag), which is nonreplicative in mammalian cells and expresses the full-length gag gene of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV). Intravenous inoculation of 10(6) PFU of rDIsSIVGag in cynomologus macaques induced significant levels of gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) spot-forming cells (SFC) specific for SIV Gag. Antigen-specific lymphocyte proliferative responses were also induced and were temporally associated with the peak of IFN-gamma SFC activity in each macaque. In contrast, macaques immunized with a vector control (rDIsLacZ) showed no significant induction of antigen-specific immune responses. After challenge with a highly pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV), CD4(+) T lymphocytes were maintained in the peripheral blood and lymphoid tissues of the immunized macaques. The viral set point in plasma was also reduced in these animals, which may be related to the enhancement of virus-specific intracellular IFN-gamma(+) CD8(+) cell numbers and increased antibody titers after SHIV challenge. These results demonstrate that recombinant DIs has potential for use as an HIV/AIDS vaccine.
Izumi
Yasuyuki
Y
AIDS Research Center. Division of Experimental Animal Research. Department of Pathology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640. Japan.
Ami
Yasushi
Y
Matsuo
Kazuhiro
K
Someya
Kenji
K
Sata
Tetsutaro
T
Yamamoto
Naoki
N
Honda
Mitsuo
M
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D003673:Defective Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D018449:SAIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics*; D014779:Virus Replication
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D018449:SAIDS Vaccines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D007371:Interferon-gamma