title: A randomized trial of telephone counseling to promote screening mammography in two HMOs.
abstract: Tailored telephone counseling (TTC) is effective in increasing utilization of screening mammography, but has received limited testing on a large scale in a contemporary HMO setting in which most eligible women get regular screening. We conducted a randomized controlled trial comparing TTC to an active control (mailed reminders) among women aged 50-80 enrolled in two HMOs in New England (n=12,905). Over a 1-year period counselors attempted to contact women in the intervention arm who had not had a mammogram within the last 15 months. The absolute increase in mammography use due to the intervention was 4.9% (OR 1.3, 95% CI 1.0-1.6) in one HMO and 3.1% (OR 1.2, 95% CI 1.0-1.3) in the other. We estimated that one additional woman was screened for each 10.9 women eligible for counseling. An intervention process analysis documented a high level of acceptance of TTC and identified subgroups that could be targeted for counseling to improve the efficiency of TTC.
authors.affiliation: University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA. luckmanr@ummhc.org
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luckmann
authors.forename: Judith A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Savageau
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clemow
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Stoddard
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Costanza
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009511:New England; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D017010:Reminder Systems; D013689:Telephone