title: Malonate: a versatile cryoprotectant and stabilizing solution for salt-grown macromolecular crystals.
abstract: Collection of quality data on high-energy synchrotron sources requires the selection of a cryoprotectant that allows protein crystals to be cryocooled without damage to the crystal and with suppression of ice formation. The use of sodium malonate as a versatile cryoprotectant for salt-grown protein crystals is presented here. In addition to its useful cryoprotectant properties, sodium malonate can also function as a versatile stabilizing solution that allows the manipulation, derivatization and ligand soaking of crystals grown from salt that may not be possible in the crystal mother liquor.
authors.affiliation: Rosenstiel Basic Medical Sciences Research Center, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02454, USA.
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Holyoak
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Fenn
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Aaron G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Moulin
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ringe
authors.forename: Gregory A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Petsko
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray / Q000379:methods; D004798:Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008314:Malonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D004798:Enzymes; D008314:Malonates; C030290:malonic acid