title: Release of matrix metalloproteinase-9 during balloon angioplasty in patients with stable angina. A preliminary study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vascular wall remodeling is a major factor contributing to restenosis after angioplasty that involves migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells. The release of matrix-degrading metalloproteinases, including metalloproteinase-2 and metalloproteinase-9, facilitates remodeling. Experimental data suggest that nitric oxide (NO) decreases the activity of metalloproteinases and this may attenuate arterial remodeling after balloon injury. We investigated whether metalloproteinase-2, metalloproteinase-9 and NO are released into the coronary sinus blood during angioplasty in coronary patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 10 patients with stable angina undergoing elective percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of an isolated stenosis of the proximal left anterior descending coronary artery, blood was sampled from the coronary sinus at baseline, immediately and 1 min after each balloon deflation. Plasma release of metalloproteinase-2 and metalloproteinase-9 was assayed by their gelatinolytic activity using zymography, while the liberation of NO metabolites was measured by high-performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two consecutive balloon inflations each of 60 s duration, resulted in an immediate increase (P<0.05) of metalloproteinase-9, but not metalloproteinase-2 activity, followed by normalization of metalloproteinase-9 levels to the baseline within 1 min. Plasma levels of NO metabolites remained unchanged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rapid release of metalloproteinase-9 after balloon inflation may both contribute to remodeling and protect the vascular wall from post-angioplasty thrombosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hemodynamics, National Institute of Cardiology, Warsaw, Poland
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cedro
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Radomski
authors.forename: Marek W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Radomski
authors.forename: Witold
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ruźyłło
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Herbaczyńska-Cedro
mesh_terms: D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9