title: The use of a continuous infusion of epinephrine for anaphylactic shock during labor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anaphylaxis is a potentially life threatening, acute, and severe systemic reaction that occurs after the reexposure to a specific antigen. This immunoglobulin E-mediated process is the result of the action of basophils and mast cell mediators, causing severe brochospasm, laringospasm, angioedema, urticaria, and cardiovascular collapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present a case of anaphylactic shock during labor secondary to administration of ampicillin for group B streptococcus prophylaxis. Generalized itching and hives were soon followed by severe maternal hypotension and tachycardia and prolonged fetal bradycardia. These symptoms responded partially to the administration of fluids and parenteral epinephrine. A continuous infusion of epinephrine was required for persistent maternal symptoms. The infusion did not result in further fetal compromise. The patient delivered a healthy fetus 4 hours after the start of the epinephrine infusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This case supports the use of parenteral (intravenous) epinephrine for the treatment of anaphylactic reactions during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, Texas 77555-0587, USA. afgei@utmb.edu
authors.forename: Alfredo F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Gei
authors.forename: Luis D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Vanhook
authors.forename: Gary D V
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Hankins
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D000667:Ampicillin; D004837:Epinephrine