title: High field MRI correlates of myelin content and axonal density in multiple sclerosis--a post-mortem study of the spinal cord.
abstract: Different MRI techniques are used to investigate multiple sclerosis (MS) in vivo. The pathological specificity of these techniques is poorly understood, in particular their relationship to demyelination and axonal loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pathological substrate of high field MRI in post-mortem (PM) spinal cord (SC) of patients with MS. MRI was performed in PMSCs of four MS patients and a healthy subject on a 7 Tesla machine. Quantitative MRI maps (PD; T2; T1; magnetization transfer ratio, MTR; diffusion weighted imaging) were obtained. After scanning, the myelin content and the axonal density of the specimens were evaluated neuropathologically using quantitative techniques. Myelin content and axonal density correlated strongly with MTR, T1, PD, and diffusion anisotropy, but only moderately with T2 and weakly with the apparent diffusion coefficient. Quantitative MR measures provide a promising tool to evaluate components of MS pathology that are clinically meaningful. Further studies are warranted to investigate the potential of new quantitative MR measures to enable a distinction between axonal loss and demyelination and between demyelinated and remyelinated lesions.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Neuroinflammation, MS NMR Research Unit, Institute of Neurology, UCL, WC1N 3BG, London, UK.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mottershead
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schmierer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clemence
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Scaravilli
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Tofts
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Newcombe
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cuzner
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Ordidge
authors.forename: W I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001369:Axons / Q000473:pathology*; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000473:pathology*; D011859:Radiography; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*