title: The effects of education on anxiety among Chinese patients with heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization in Hong Kong.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of patient education on anxiety among Chinese patients with heart disease undergoing cardiac catheterization in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized experimental design, data collected on three occasions from subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A regional major hospital in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  62 clients who met the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated into experimental and control groups with 31 subjects in each group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group education before cardiac catheterization.
  
  
  METHODS
  State Anxiety Inventory (STAI Form Y-1) and Knowledge about Cardiac Catheterization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  State anxiety of all subjects reached the highest at the time just before cardiac catheterization and recorded the lowest at the time following the procedure. A lower level of anxiety was experienced by the experimental subjects who received the education intervention when compared with the control subjects who did not receive the education intervention before cardiac catheterization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study provides initial information about anxiety reduction with education intervention among Chinese heart disease patients undergoing cardiac catheterization. It is envisaged that the study may also assist health professionals in developing and designing effective educational programmes for clients prior to cardiac catheterization.
authors.affiliation: The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Dominic Shung Kit
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Heung Wan
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000523:psychology*; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic