title: Randomized clinical trial of multimodal optimization and standard perioperative surgical care.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multimodal optimization of surgical care has been associated with reduced hospital stay and improved physical function. The aim of this randomized trial was to compare multimodal optimization with standard care in patients undergoing colonic resection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five patients requiring elective right or left hemicolectomy were randomized to receive a ten-point optimization programme (14 patients) or conventional care (11). The groups were similar in terms of age (64 versus 68 years), male : female sex ratio (6 : 8 versus 5 : 6) and Physiological and Operative Severity Score for the enUmeration of Mortality and morbidity (POSSUM) score (both 26). Outcome measures were recorded before operation and on postoperative days 1, 7 and 30. They included hand grip strength, lung spirometry, and pain and fatigue scores. Further outcome measures included time to achieve a predetermined mobilization target, time to resumption of normal diet, and length of stay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Optimization was associated with maintained grip strength, earlier mobilization (46 versus 69 h; P = 0.043), and significantly lower pain and fatigue scores. Patients in the optimization group tolerated a regular hospital diet significantly earlier than controls (48 versus 76 h; P < 0.001). Optimization significantly reduced the median length of hospital stay (3 versus 7 days; P = 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Optimization of surgical care significantly improved patients' physical and psychological function in the early postoperative period and facilitated early hospital discharge.
authors.affiliation: Combined Gastroenterology Unit, Scarborough Hospital, Woodlands Drive, Scarborough YO12 6QL, UK.
authors.forename: A D G
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: McNaught
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: MacFie
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tring
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003082:Colectomy / Q000379:methods*; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004434:Early Ambulation; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000502:physiology; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics