title: Intramyocellular lipid, adiposity, and muscle oxygen supply in prepubertal type 1 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the non-diabetic population, intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) accumulation is associated with obesity and poor muscle oxygen supply. IMCL levels are increased in type 1 diabetes, but their significance is less clear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied a group of 16 prepubertal boys (age 6.4-9.9 yr) with type 1 diabetes and a range of glycemic control [hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) 6.4-10.2%]. Children's adiposity was assessed by anthropometry, muscle oxygen supply by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), abdominal and IMCL content by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  IMCL content did not associate with muscle reoxygenation rate, abdominal adiposity, duration of diabetes, or recent glycemic control. Muscle reoxygenation rate correlated with percentage body fatness (r2 = 0.46, p = 0.004), visceral (r2 = 0.45, p = 0.007) and abdominal subcutaneous fat volume (r2 = 0.63, p = 0.0004), and dietary fat intake (r2 = 0.27, p = 0.03) but not with the duration of diabetes nor HbA1c. HbA1c was significantly related to dietary fat intake only (r2 = 0.28, p = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While causality cannot be inferred, interventions aimed at improving muscle oxygen supply, or preventing its deterioration, might reduce the development of adiposity in children with type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Human Nutrition Unit, University of Sydney, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ling
authors.forename: Kim C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Donaghue
authors.forename: Neville J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Fiona E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Arrowsmith
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Louise A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Baur
authors.forename: Campbell H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D001315:Australia; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D004041:Dietary Fats; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin