title: Induction of apoptosis through the activation of SAPK/JNK followed by the expression of death receptor Fas in X-irradiated cells.
abstract: A post-irradiation treatment of the human leukemia cell line MOLT-4 with the antioxidant Trolox attenuated caspase-3 dependent apoptosis. The increase in the p53 expression and SAPK/JNK activation after X irradiation was also inhibited by a Trolox treatment, but the expression of BCL-2 and BAX, which would occur downstream from p53, was not changed. Studies on the effects of the intracellular calcium chelator BAPTA-AM on the induction of apoptosis and the activation of SAPK/JNK and caspase-3 proved that the chelation of calcium merely delayed the onset of radiation-induced apoptosis and the activation of SAPK/JNK and caspase-3. When the effects of the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximde on the apoptotic signaling pathways, including the activation of caspase family proteins and SAPK/JNK, were investigated, the expression of death receptor Fas through SAPK/JNK activation was found to be required for radiation-induced apoptosis. Finally, the relationship between the amounts of DNA dsb and induction of apoptosis was examined by irradiating BrdU-incorporated cells. An increase in DNA dsb caused by BrdU was found, but the induction of apoptosis was not enhanced. From these data, we could get no positive evidence for DNA as a target of X-rays and p53 as an indispensable factor to induced apoptosis in X-irradiated MOLT-4 cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. kuwabara@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mikinori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuwabara
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Inanami
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000528:radiation effects*; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000528:radiation effects; D002839:Chromans / Q000494:pharmacology; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000528:radiation effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell / Q000201:enzymology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000528:radiation effects*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism*; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D002839:Chromans; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases; C010643:6-hydroxy-2,5,7,8-tetramethylchroman-2-carboxylic acid