title: Predictive validity of critical thinking skills for initial clinical dental hygiene performance.
abstract: This study collected validity evidence on the utility of critical thinking skills and critical thinking disposition in predicting initial clinical performance. The predictive value of critical thinking skills scores and disposition scores was examined to determine their unique contribution beyond that provided by traditional predictors: grade point average, age, and number of college hours. The study involved three phases: establishing content validity of three outcome measures; assessing students' baseline critical thinking skills and disposition using the California Critical Thinking Skills Test (CCTST) and the California Critical Thinking Dispositions Inventory (CCTDI); and assessing students' initial clinical competence, clinical reasoning, and clinical knowledge. All baccalaureate-level dental hygiene programs in the United States affiliated with a dental school (N=22) were invited to participate; of those, seven volunteered. A convenience sample of 207 first-year dental hygiene students was obtained. A series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses demonstrated that CCTST scores explained a statistically significant (p<.05) proportion of variance in students' initial clinical reasoning scores, acquired knowledge scores, and faculty ratings, above and beyond that explained by other predictor variables. CCTDI scores were not significant predictors of any outcome measure. It was concluded that CCTST is a good predictor of initial student outcomes and may have utility for student selection and retention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Public Health and Behavioral Science, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 64108, USA. williamsk@umkc.edu
authors.forename: Karen B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Glasnapp
authors.forename: Terri S I
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Tilliss
authors.forename: Joy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Osborn
authors.forename: Kris
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kershbaum
authors.forename: Colleen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmidt
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D003756:Dental Hygienists / Q000193:education*; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010347:Patient Care Planning / Q000592:standards*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011340:Problem Solving; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014481:United States