title: A comparative roentgenographic analysis of the lumbar spine in male army recruits with and without lower back pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether there is an association between lumbar spine radiographic findings and reported current and/or past lower back pain (LBP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred and sixty-four age-matched (mean age 18 years+/-2 months) consecutive male army recruits were examined. Half of them had a history of episodes of LBP. An orthopaedic evaluation (including radiographs of the lumbar spine) is part of the routine medical examination for all military recruits. Two senior orthopaedic surgeons and one radiologist who performed the morphological measurements assessed the radiographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found an increased frequency of right-sided scoliosis, lumbar lordosis, sacral lumbarization, wedge vertebra, bilateral spondylolysis of L5 and/or a sagittal diameter of less than 12 mm among the recruits with LBP. No such association was found with spina bifida, left-sided scoliosis, hemi-lumbarization, sacralization and hemi-sacralization, Schmorl's nodules or mild degenerative changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given that radiographic screening shows that LBP is more common in those with spinal deformity it may be a reasonable means of predicting which individuals are more likely to develop LBP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery "B", Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel. eli_st@netvision.net.il
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Luger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arbel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Menachem
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dekel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008889:Military Personnel; D011859:Radiography