title: Resveratrol inhibits phorbol myristate acetate-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression by inhibiting JNK and PKC delta signal transduction.
abstract: Proteolytic degradation of the extracellular matrix and tumor metastasis correlate with the expression of endopeptidases known as matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). The expression of MMPs is regulated by cytokines and signal transduction pathways, including those activated by phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). We found that resveratrol, a phytoalexin present in grapes, significantly inhibits the PMA-induced increase in MMP-9 expression and activity. These effects of resveratrol are dose dependent and correlate with the suppression of MMP-9 mRNA expression levels. PMA caused about a 23-fold increase in MMP-9 promoter activity, which was suppressed by resveratrol. Transient transfection utilizing MMP-9 constructs, in which specific transcriptional factors were mutagenized, indicated that the effects of PMA and resveratrol were mediated via an activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappaB response element. Resveratrol inhibited PMA-mediated activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and protein kinase C (PKC)-delta activation. Therefore, we conclude that the MMP-9 inhibition activity of resveratrol and its inhibition of JNK and PKC-delta may have a therapeutic potential, given that a novel means of controlling growth and invasiveness of tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Keimyung University, 194 DongSan-Dong Jung-Gu, South Korea.
authors.forename: Ju-Hyung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Jun Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Young-Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seong-Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Do Sik
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Min
authors.forename: Jong-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Young Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong-Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Taeg Kyu
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kwon
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000633:toxicity*; D001483:Base Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics*; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010957:Plasmids; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D000077185:Resveratrol; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D017931:DNA Primers; D016328:NF-kappa B; D013267:Stilbenes; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; C497258:PRKCD protein, human; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D000077185:Resveratrol