Interaction between halofenozide and the entomopathogenic nematode Heterorhabditis marelatus for control of Japanese beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) larvae.
Japanese beetle, Popillia japonica Newman is a major pest of turf and ornamentals. Laboratory bioassays were conducted to evaluate the potential interactions between a biological control agent, Heterorhabditis marelatus (Nematoda: Heterorhabditidae) IN strain and the insecticide halofenozide against both overwintered and nonoverwintered 3rd instars of Japanese beetle. Treatments consisted of all combinations of 2 rates of halofenozid with H. marelatus nematodes Imidacloprid was used as a standard. Percentage larval mortality was evaluated at 7, 14, and 21 d after treatment. No deleterious effects were observed. The nematode treatments generally produced significantly greater larval mortality relative to both chemical treatments. Twenty-one days after treatment, both rates of nematodes resulted in 100% mortality, whereas insecticide treatments did not surpass 60% mortality. No synergism was detected in any of the combination treatments. There were no significant differences in nematode reproduction in larvae exposed to halofenozide and nematodes versus larvae exposed to only nematodes.
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Nursery Crops Research Station, Tennessee State University, 472 Cadillac Lane, McMinnville, TN 37110, USA.
Winkler
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Shapiro
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Gibb
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D000818:Animals; D001565:Benzoates; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000469:parasitology; D006834:Hydrazines; D007306:Insecticides; D007814:Larva; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D011679:Pupa; D017172:Rhabditoidea / Q000254:growth & development
D001565:Benzoates; D006834:Hydrazines; D007306:Insecticides; C437546:N-4-chlorobenzoyl-N'-benzoyl-N'-tert-butylhydrazine