title: Functional outcome following Botulinum toxin A injection to reduce spastic equinus in adults with traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to assess the effect of Botulinum toxin A in the management of spastic equinus resulting from traumatic brain injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A before-after intervention design was used without controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were seven patients suffering from traumatic brain injury of average duration 14 (4-38) months as a result of motor vehicle trauma, who had spastic equinus interfering with gait.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were treated with injections of Botulinum toxin A into the spastic calf muscles: gastrocnemius, soleus and tibialis posterior. Assessments were made pre-injection and at 2 weeks and 3 months post-injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of the 3-month period, all patients showed a significant improvement in gait velocity, cadence and stride length.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that Botulinum toxin A may be useful in the management of spastic equinus following traumatic brain injury.
authors.affiliation: Brighton Rehabilitation Centre, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Jimy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fock
authors.forename: Mary P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Galea
authors.forename: Barry C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Stillman
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rawicki
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D004863:Equinus Deformity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009128:Muscle Spasticity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A