title: Survival after myocardial revascularization for ischemic cardiomyopathy: a prospective ten-year follow-up study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim was to prospectively analyze all-cause mortality, predictors of survival, and late functional results after myocardial revascularization for ischemic cardiomyopathy over a 10-year follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively studied 57 patients with stable coronary artery disease and poor left ventricular ejection function (<35%), enrolled between 1989 and 1994. Stress thallium was analyzed in 37 patients to identify reversible ischemia. To avoid patients with a stunned myocardium, we excluded those with unstable angina or myocardial infarction within the previous 4 weeks. Mean age of the patients was 67 +/- 8 years, and 93% of patients were men. Mean left ventricular ejection fraction was 0.28 +/- 0.04, 50% were in Canadian Cardiovascular Society angina class III-IV, and 65% were in New York Heart Association functional class III-IV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Operative mortality was 1.7% (1/57). The mean left ventricular ejection fraction (0.30) at 15 months postoperatively did not change from before operation (0.28, P =.09). There were 8 deaths at 1 year and 42 deaths over the course of the study, producing a survival of 82.5% at 1 year, 55.7% at 5 years, and 23.9% at 10 years (95% confidence interval: 14.6%-39.1%). Symptom-free survival was 77.2% at 1 year and 20.3% at 10 years. The leading cause of death was heart failure in 29% (12/42). Multivariate analysis showed that large reversible defects on stress thallium were associated with improved left ventricular ejection fraction at 1 year (P =.01) but only male sex was associated with improved long-term survival (P =.036).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myocardial revascularization for ischemic cardiomyopathy is associated with good functional relief from the symptoms of angina initially and, to a lesser extent, heart failure. Revascularization may have the advantage of preserving the remaining left ventricular function. However, the long-term mortality remains high.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Austin Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Pallav J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Hare
authors.forename: Jai S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Raman
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Robert K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Horowitz
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosalion
authors.forename: Brian F
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Buxton
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011336:Probability; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis*