title: Time-resolved luminescence imaging of hydrogen peroxide using sensor membranes in a microwell format.
abstract: We demonstrate an optical imaging scheme for hydrogen peroxide in a microwell-based format using the europium(III) tetracycline complex as the fluorescent probe, which is incorporated into a polyacrylonitrile-co-polyacrylamide polymer matrix. The resulting sensor membranes are integrated into a 96-microwell plate. Hydrogen peroxide can be visualized by means of time-resolved luminescence lifetime imaging. The imaging system consists of a fast, gated charge-coupled device (CCD) camera and a pulsed array of 96 light emitting diodes (LEDs). Fluorescence lifetime images are acquired in different modes (rapid lifetime determination, RLD, and phase delay rationing, PDR) and compared with conventional intensity-based methods with respect to sensitivity and the dynamic range of the sensor. The lowest limits of detection can be achieved by the RLD method. The response time of the sensor is comparatively high, typically in the range of 10 to 20 minutes, but the response is reversible. The largest signal changes are observed at pH values between 6.5 and 7.5.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Chemo- and Biosensors, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany. michael.schaeferling@chemie.uni-regensburg.de
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schäferling
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Enderlein
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Otto S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Wolfbeis
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D015336:Molecular Probe Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D013754:Tetracyclines / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D014159:Transducers
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D013754:Tetracyclines; C488317:europium(III) tetracycline; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide