title: Higher Hb level is associated with better early functional recovery after hip fracture repair.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The benefits and indications for blood transfusion are controversial. One possible reason to transfuse is to improve functional recovery after major surgery. However, the data linking improved function with higher Hb concentration are limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  A: retrospective cohort study was performed in 5793 patients at least 60 years old undergoing hip fracture repair at 20 academic and community hospitals. The primary outcome was distance walked at the time of discharge from the hospital. The mean postoperative Hb concentration was the main exposure variable and was defined as the average value from Day 1 after surgery to discharge. We used robust regression to assess the association between postoperative Hb level with distance walked, controlling for other preoperative variables that could influence functional recovery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On bivariate analysis, the predicted distance walked at discharge in feet (95% CI) increased with higher Hb levels (7 g/dL, 56 feet [42-70]; 8 g/dL, 61 feet [54-68]; 9 g/dL, 67 feet [64-70]; 10 g/dL, 74 feet [72-77]; 11 g/dL, 83 feet [80-85]; 12 g/dL, 92 feet [87-96]). After adjustment for other factors associated with ability to walk, higher average postoperative Hb level was independently associated with walking greater distance (p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Higher postoperative Hb level may improve functional recovery after hip fracture repair. If confirmed with clinical trials, this finding would provide a rationale to maintain higher Hb concentrations in elderly patients recovering from surgery.
authors.affiliation: Veterans Evidence-Based Research Dissemination and Implementation Center(VERDICT), South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas, USA. vlawrence@uthsca.edu
authors.forename: Valerie A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Jeffrey H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Silverstein
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cornell
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pederson
authors.forename: Helaine
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Noveck
authors.forename: Jeffrey L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Carson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000740:Anemia / Q000628:therapy*; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins