title: Inequality/difference in education: is a real explanation of primary and secondary effects possible?
abstract: The persistence of social disparities in educational achievement in contemporary societies is a matter of concern to social theory. Sociology of education has distinguished between the primary and secondary effects of socialization in order to construct explanatory theories of inequality of educational opportunity. Empirical evidence from the recent OECD PISA research is analysed to suggest that causes of the primary effect are the most important. The case is made with close reference to Goldthorpe's attempt to provide a rational action model of social disparities in education. An approach informed by scientific realism is held to offer a more adequate explanation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Policy Studies in Education Massey University.
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nash
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D004493:Education; D004522:Educational Status; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012923:Social Class; D012935:Social Justice; D012951:Socialization; D012961:Sociology; D013548:Sweden; D006113:United Kingdom