title: A single-chain-Fv-based immunofluorometric assay specific for the CEA variant NCA-2.
abstract: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a member of the immunoglobulin gene superfamily. In meconium, a C-terminal truncated form of CEA, denominated NCA-2, is predominant. This molecular variant is present also in sera from adult cancer patients, but no NCA-2-specific assay is yet available, and its possible clinical significance is largely unknown. We have used phage display technology to produce a single-chain antibody (scFv) suitable for an NCA-2-specific assay and compared the NCA-2 results with CEA values in patient sera. A phagemid library with a diversity of 10(7) was constructed from splenic mRNA obtained from a mouse immunized with NCA-2 purified from human meconium. Following phage rescue and three rounds of panning on solid phases coated with NCA-2, several clones were isolated, which displayed high specificity for NCA-2. These were sub-cloned into an Escherichia coli expression vector for high-level expression of soluble scFv. From BIAcore studies a single scFv with low k(off) and a K(D) of 10(-10) mol/l was selected for europium labelling and an immunofluorometric assay with a sensitivity of 0.2 microg/l was established. The assay detects a protein in serum with a molecular weight significantly lower than CEA. For comparison, a routine assay for CEA, which measures both CEA and NCA-2 equivalently, and a CEA-specific assay based on the T84.66 antibody were employed. The difference between serum values measured with the two CEA assays corresponded to the values determined with the NCA-2-specific assay.
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, N-0310 Oslo, Norway. elisabeth.paus@klinmed.uio.no
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paus
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Almåsbak
authors.forename: Ole P
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Børmer
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Warren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000097:blood*; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D005260:Female; D015200:Fluoroimmunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019151:Peptide Library; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007128:Immunoglobulin Fragments; D019151:Peptide Library; C055966:immunoglobulin Fv