title: The role of renal sympathetic nervous system in the pathogenesis of ischemic acute renal failure.
abstract: We investigated the role of renal sympathetic nervous system in the progression of ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute renal failure in rats. Acute renal failure was induced by clamping the left renal artery and vein for 45 min followed by reperfusion, 2 weeks after the contralateral nephrectomy. Renal venous plasma norepinephrine concentrations markedly and significantly increased immediately after reperfusion, thereafter, the increased level declined but remained higher even at 24 h after reperfusion. Renal sympathetic nerve activity was significantly augmented during the renal ischemia. Renal denervation or the administration of pentolinium, a ganglion blocking agent, (5 mg/kg i.v.) at 5 min before ischemia attenuated the ischemia/reperfusion-induced renal dysfunction and histological damage, such as proteinaceous casts in tubuli and tubular necrosis. The elevation of renal venous norepinephrine levels after reperfusion was suppressed by renal denervation or pentolinium treatment. Thus, a surgical or pharmacological blockade of renal sympathetic nerve prevents the progression of ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute renal failure, thereby suggesting that renal sympathetic nervous system plays an important role in the development of the ischemic acute renal failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Osaka University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 4-20-1 Nasahara, Takatsuki, Osaka 569-1094, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Hayato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurata
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takaoka
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muraoka
authors.forename: Yoshihide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: Takatomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shokoji
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Youichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumura
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000818:Animals; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010425:Pentolinium Tartrate / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010425:Pentolinium Tartrate