title: Texture analysis of hippocampal sclerosis.
abstract: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) is frequently associated with refractory seizures and pathologic features of hippocampal sclerosis (HS). Quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques can improve the detection and quantification of HS. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether MRI texture analysis can detect hippocampal abnormalities in patients with pathologically proven HS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen consecutive patients who underwent surgery for refractory unilateral MTLE and had HS diagnosed on histopathology (12 right and seven left) had their preoperative MRIs evaluated. We performed texture analysis in 3-mm coronal T1-IR MRIs, focusing on the hippocampal head, by using the software MAZDA. Data were compared with those of a group of 78 normal hippocampi from 39 healthy adult volunteers through multivariate analysis of variance and selection of the most significant texture parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, almost all parameters of texture could discriminate the group of hippocampi with HS and the group of contralateral hippocampi from the group of normal hippocampi, but the post hoc comparison showed no differences between HS and contralateral hippocampi.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide evidence of texture alteration in MRIs of hippocampi with HS and corroborate the hypothesis of bilaterality of hippocampal damage in patients with MTLE, but further studies are needed to investigate the lateralization power of texture analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical School, State University of Campinas, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bonilha
authors.forename: Eliane
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Castellano
authors.forename: Giselle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coelho
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tinois
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cendes
authors.forename: Li M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001284:Atrophy; D004292:Dominance, Cerebral / Q000502:physiology; D019277:Entropy; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012598:Sclerosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology