title: Effects of a progestogen on normal human breast epithelial cell apoptosis in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Many investigators have reported cyclic proliferation of normal human breast epithelial cells. A delicate balance between proliferation and apoptosis (programmed cell death) ensures breast homeostasis. Both the follicular and luteal phases of the menstrual cycle are characterized by proliferation, whereas apoptosis occurs only at the end of the latter phase. In this study, we observed that the withdrawal of a synthetic progestin (nomegestrol acetate or NOMAC), but not continuous treatment with it, induced apoptosis of normal human breast epithelial cells in vitro and in women who applied NOMAC gel to their breasts. Furthermore, this apoptotic response was specific to normal breast cells, since withdrawal of NOMAC did not induce apoptosis of tumoral T47D cells in vitro or of fibroadenoma cells in women. These observations open up new perspectives in the prevention of hyperplasia and breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Tumor and Development Biology, University Hospital, University of Liege, Sart Tilman, B-4000 Liege, Belgium. joelle.desreux@chu.ulg.ac.be
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Desreux
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kebers
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Noël
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Francart
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Cauwenberge
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Heinen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peyrollier
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paris
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Delansorne
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Foidart
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001940:Breast / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D018226:Fibroadenoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011372:Progestins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D011372:Progestins