title: Effects of vitamin E and electrical stimulation on the denervated rat gastrocnemius muscle malondialdehyde and glutathione levels.
abstract: Effects of vitamin E treatment and local electrical stimulation on progression of atrophy in the denervated rat gastrocnemius muscle were studied. Denervation was performed by right leg sciatic nerve axotomy. Electrical stimulation (3-10 mA ms(-1), 10 min per day for 7 days) was applied to the right gastrocnemius muscle starting from day 1 of denervation. The muscle samples were assayed for malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione levels, as well as the histological appearance after 8 days of denervation. MDA levels were markedly increased following denervation. However, electrical stimulation, vitamin E treatment (30 mg kg(-1), i.m., everyday for 7 days), and combination of electrical stimulation and vitamin E treatment markedly reduced MDA levels. Glutathione levels were significantly decreased in the denervation group. Electrical stimulation, vitamin E treatment, and electrical stimulation plus vitamin E treatment prevented these reductions in glutathione levels. In the vitamin E treatment group, glutathione levels were markedly higher than in the control group. These results indicate that electrical stimulation and vitamin E treatment alone, or in combination, were able to prevent the effects of denervation on muscle atrophy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, 06510 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Seniz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Demiryürek
authors.forename: Aydan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Babül
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects; D017764:Parasympathectomy; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000601:surgery; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005978:Glutathione