title: Hyperoxic vasoconstriction in the brain is mediated by inactivation of nitric oxide by superoxide anions.
abstract: The hypothesis that decreases in brain blood flow during respiration of hyperbaric oxygen result from inactivation of nitric oxide (NO) by superoxide anions (O2(-)) is proposed. Changes in brain blood flow were assessed in conscious rats during respiration of atmospheric air or oxygen at a pressure of 4 atm after dismutation of O2(-) with superoxide dismutase or suppression of NO synthesis with the NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME. I.v. administration of superoxide dismutase increased brain blood flow in rats breathing air but was ineffective after previous inhibition of NO synthase. Hyperbaric oxygenation at 4 atm induced decreases in brain blood flow, though prior superoxide dismutase prevented hyperoxic vasoconstriction and increased brain blood flow in rats breathing hyperbaric oxygen. The vasodilatory effect of superoxide dismutase in hyperbaric oxygenation was not seen in animals given prior doses of the NO synthase inhibitor. These results provide evidence that one mechanism for hyperoxic vasoconstriction in the brain consists of inactivation of NO by superoxide anions, decreasing its basal vasorelaxing action.
authors.affiliation: I. M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 44 M. Torez Prospect, 194223 St. Petersburg, Russia.
authors.forename: S Yu
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Zhilyaev
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Moskvin
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Platonova
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Gutsaeva
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Churilina
authors.forename: I T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Demchenko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D018496:Hyperoxia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D014661:Vasoconstriction
chemical_list: D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D013481:Superoxides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase