title: Polyphenolic antioxidants inhibit peptide presentation by antigen-presenting cells.
abstract: Antigen-presenting cells (APC) provide two essential signals, e.g., antigenic peptides as well as costimulatory molecules for T-cell activation. Small molecules of smoke tobacco extracts (SM-STE) inhibited antigen presentation of A20 to OVAp-specific T-cell hybridomas. Pretreatment of A20 but not T hybridomas abrogates the APC function. Viability of APC and levels of MHCII, CD40 and B7 of APC were not affected by this treatment. The active principle, inhibiting APC was reproduced with pure tobacco polyphenols, quercetin and its glycoside, rutin. Antioxidant activity of rutin is relevant since rutin downregulated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in phorbol ester-stimulated A20; moreover, another antioxidant, N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) also inhibited antigen presentation, albeit at a higher concentration. Other types of APC, such as bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC), MHCII-transfected fibroblast, and splenocytes are affected by tobacco polyphenols. We propose that polyphenols may affect redox-sensitive signal transduction pathway since APC function of PD 98059, MEK inhibitor-pretreated A20 were similarly abrogated. Taken together, we propose that maintaining appropriate intracellular redox of APC is crucial for its antigen-presenting function.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, San Diego, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Swey-Shen
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D006825:Hybridomas; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D059808:Polyphenols; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011794:Quercetin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012431:Rutin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000072598:Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-Induced Protein 3
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000975:Antioxidants; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D019013:CD40 Antigens; C497965:Cd86 protein, mouse; D005419:Flavonoids; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D007376:Interleukin-2; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010636:Phenols; D010936:Plant Extracts; D059808:Polyphenols; D011506:Proteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D012431:Rutin; D011794:Quercetin; D000072598:Tumor Necrosis Factor alpha-Induced Protein 3; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C513261:Tnfaip3 protein, mouse; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D000111:Acetylcysteine