title: Expression of pericyte, mesangium and muscle markers in malignant rhabdoid tumor cell lines: differentiation-induction using 5-azacytidine.
abstract: Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) has been considered to have multiphenotypic diversity characteristics. Some MRTs exhibit a neural phenotype. However, it is still unclear whether MRT cells can display a skeletal muscle, smooth muscle or smooth muscle-like cell phenotype, like those of pericytes and mesangial cells. To determine if MRTs exhibit skeletal muscle cell or smooth muscle-like cell phenotypes, six MRT cell lines (TM87-16, STM91-01, TTC549, TTC642, YAM-RTK1 and TTC1240) were examined for markers of skeletal muscle (MyoD, myogenin, myf-5, myf-6, acetylcholine receptor-alpha, -beta and -gamma), smooth muscle (alpha-smooth muscle actin, SM-1 and SM22), and smooth muscle-like cells, such as pericytes (angiopoietin-1 and -2) and mesangial cells (megsin), using conventional RT-PCR, semi-quantitative PCR, western blotting and immunocytochemistry before and after differentiation-induction with 5-azacytidine. alpha-Smooth muscle actin and SM22 were detected in all six MRT cell lines, while MyoD and myf-5, crucial markers for skeletal myogenic determination, were not. The TM87-16 cell line expressed SM-1 and angiopoietin-1. TTC1240 also expressed angiopoietin-1. Interestingly, STM91-01 expressed megsin, a novel marker for mesangial cells, in addition to angiopoietin-1. Our results indicated that some MRTs exhibited smooth muscle and/or smooth muscle-like cell phenotypes and some renal MRTs might be of mesangial origin. Recently, smooth muscle and also smooth muscle-like cells have been considered to be of neuroectodermal origin. MRT can thus considered to belong to the category of primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNETs) in the broad sense.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Tsukinowa, Ohtsu, Shiga 520-2192.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koshida
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taga
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugita
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D001374:Azacitidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D050527:Mesangial Cells; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal; D009130:Muscle, Smooth; D018241:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive, Peripheral / Q000378:metabolism; D020286:Pericytes; D010641:Phenotype; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018335:Rhabdoid Tumor / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D015415:Biomarkers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001374:Azacitidine