title: Effect of topical tropicamide on tear production as measured by Schirmer's tear test in normal dogs and cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of a single dose of topical 1% tropicamide on tear production as measured by the Schirmer tear test (STT) in the normal dog and cat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight dogs and 32 cats received 50 micro l : l of 1% tropicamide in one eye and the opposite eye served as the control. STTs were performed immediately before instillation of tropicamide and then at 1, 4, 8 and 24 h post drug instillation. STT results were compared between the control and treated eyes at the different times.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aqueous tear production in dogs, measured by STT, was not significantly reduced. The mean +/- SEM STTs for the baseline time for control and tropicamide-treated eyes were 19.9 +/- 0.8 and 20.3 +/- 0.8 mm wetting/min, respectively. For the control eyes, the subsequent mean +/- SEM STT levels were 20.3 +/- 0.9 (1 h), 21.1 +/- 0.8 (4 h), 20.1 +/- 0.9 (8 h), and 18.7 +/- 0.7 (24 h). For the tropicamide-treated eyes, the subsequent mean +/- SEM STT levels were 19.4 +/- 0.9 (1 h), 19.3 +/- 0.9 (4 h), 20.0 +/- 0.9 (8 h), and 18.4 +/- 0.8 (24 h). Aqueous tear production of both eyes was significantly reduced in cats at 1 h but returned to baseline by 4 h post tropicamide instillation. The mean +/- SEM STT levels for the baseline time in cats for control and tropicamide-treated eyes were 14.9 +/- 0.8 and 14.7 +/- 0.8 mm wetting/min, respectively. Subsequent mean +/- SEM STT levels for the control eyes were 6.4 +/- 1.1 (1 h), 11.9 +/- 1.0 (4 h), 13.9 +/- 0.8 (8 h), and 16.4 +/- 1.0 (24 h). For the tropicamide-treated eyes, the subsequent mean +/- SEM STT levels were 5.3 +/- 0.8 (1 h), 10.2 +/- 0.8 (4 h), 14.7 +/- 1.0 (8 h), and 16.6 +/- 1.0 (24 h).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single dose 1% tropicamide does not significantly lower tear production rates, as measured by the STT, in normal dogs. However, in normal cats single doses of 1% tropicamide in one eye cause significant reductions in tear production of both eyes at 1 h that recovered to baseline levels by 4 h.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, PO Box 100126, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0126, USA.
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Margadant
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kirkby
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Andrew
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Gelatt
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats / Q000502:physiology; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D012016:Reference Values; D013666:Tears / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014331:Tropicamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009184:Mydriatics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D014331:Tropicamide