title: CD154 activates macrophage antimicrobial activity in the absence of IFN-gamma through a TNF-alpha-dependent mechanism.
abstract: Protection against certain intracellular pathogens can take place in the absence of IFN-gamma through mechanisms dependent on TNF-alpha. In this regard, patients with partial defect in IFN-gamma receptor 1 are not susceptible to toxoplasmosis. Thus, we used a model of Toxoplasma gondii infection to investigate whether CD154 modulates IFN-gamma-independent mechanisms of host protection. Human monocyte-derived macrophages treated with recombinant CD154 exhibited increased anti-T. gondii activity. The number of tachyzoites per 100 macrophages at 20 h postinfection was lower in CD154-treated macrophages compared with controls. This was accompanied by a decrease in the percentage of infected cells in CD154-treated macrophages at 20 h compared with 1 h postinfection. CD154-bearing cells also induced antimicrobial activity in T. gondii-infected macrophages. CD154 enhanced macrophage anti-T. gondii activity independently of IFN-gamma. TNF-alpha mediated the effects of CD154 on macrophage anti-T. gondii activity. CD154 increased TNF-alpha production by T. gondii-infected macrophages, and neutralization of TNF-alpha inhibited the effect of CD154 on macrophage anti-T. gondii activity. These results demonstrate that CD154 triggers TNF-alpha-dependent antimicrobial activity in macrophages and suggest that CD154 regulates the mechanisms of host protection that take place when IFN-gamma signaling is deficient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0560, USA.
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wessendarp
authors.forename: Carlos S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Subauste
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000502:physiology; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D007371:Interferon-gamma