title: Measurement and modeling of ozone and nitrogen oxides produced by laser breakdown in oxygen-nitrogen atmospheres.
abstract: The production of ozone nad nitrogen oxides was studied during multiple laser breakdown in oxygen-nitrogen mixtures at atmospheric pressure. About 2000 laser shots at 10(10) W cm-2 were delivered into a sealed reaction chamber. The chamber with a long capillary was designed to measure absorption of O3, NO, and NO2 as a function of the number of laser shots. The light source for absorption measurements was the continuum radiation emitted by the plasma during the first 0.2 microsecond of its evolution. A kinetic model was developed that encompassed the principal chemical reactions between the major atmospheric components and the products of laser breakdown. In the model, the laser plasma was treated as a source of nitric oxide and atomic oxygen, whose rates of production were calculated using measured absorption by NO, NO2, and O3. The calculated concentration profiles for NO, NO2, and O3 were in good agreement with measured profiles over a time scale of 0-200 s. The steady-state concentration of ozone was measured in a flow cell in air. For a single breakdown in air, the estimated steady-state yield of ozone was 2 x 10(12) molecules, which agreed with the model prediction. This study can be of importance for general understanding of laser plasma chemistry and for elucidating the nature of spectral interferences and matrix effects that may take place in applied spectrochemical analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 117200, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
authors.forename: Igor B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Gornushkin
authors.forename: Chris L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: Gábor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Galbács
authors.forename: Ben W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Winefordner
mesh_terms: D017022:Flow Injection Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005740:Gases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007834:Lasers; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000032:analysis / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010126:Ozone / Q000032:analysis / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D010126:Ozone; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen