Effect of UV screens and preservatives on vitellogenin and choriogenin production in male medaka (Oryzias latipes).
Ultra violet (UV) screens and preservatives are widely and increasingly used in cosmetics and pharmaceuticals. In the present study, we examined the estrogenicity of 4-methyl-benzylidene camphor (4-MBC), octyl-methoxycinnamate (OMC), and propyl paraben (n-propyl-p-hydroxy-benzoate; PP), among UV screens and preservatives, using male medaka (Oryzias latipes), in regard to production of vitellogenin (VTG) and choriogenin (CHG) which are known to be estrogen-responsive gene products. First, using a VTG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) system, we determined the increase in VTG plasma concentration in medaka due to exposure to 4-MBC, OMC, and PP, and compared this concentration to the non-treated control. Next, we found increases in mRNA expression levels of VTG subtypes VTG-1 and VTG-2, and CHG subtypes CHG-L and CHG-H, in liver due to exposure to 4-MBC, OMC, and PP compared to the non-treated control. In addition, we also found increased mRNA expression levels of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha, among sex hormone receptors in the liver, due to exposure to 4-MBC, OMC, and PP compared to the non-treated control. In this study, we showed that 4-MBC, OMC, and PP have estrogenic activity in fish.
Inui
Madoka
M
Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
Adachi
Tetsuya
T
Takenaka
Shigeo
S
Inui
Hiroshi
H
Nakazawa
Masami
M
Ueda
Mitsuhiro
M
Watanabe
Hajime
H
Mori
Chisato
C
Iguchi
Taisen
T
Miyatake
Kazutaka
K
D000818:Animals; D002164:Camphor / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000633:toxicity; D004527:Egg Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009990:Oryzias / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D010226:Parabens / Q000633:toxicity; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D014819:Vitellogenins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood
D002934:Cinnamates; D004527:Egg Proteins; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D029941:Fish Proteins; C092024:L-SF protein, Oryzias latipes; D010226:Parabens; D011498:Protein Precursors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D014819:Vitellogenins; C104950:choriogenin H; C118580:octylmethoxycinnamate; D002164:Camphor; C038939:enzacamene; C006068:propylparaben