title: Core promoter/pre-core mutations are associated with lamivudine-induced HBeAg loss in chronic hepatitis B with genotype C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the factors associated with the efficacy of lamivudine.
  
  
  METHODS
  Variables including basic core promoter (BCP) and pre-core (PreC) mutations were evaluated in 60 chronic hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-positive patients with genotype C. Thirty patients were treated with lamivudine and the remaining 30 patients were age- and sex-matched controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Severe fibrosis was significantly more frequent in patients with the BCP-mutant/PreC-wild (MW) and BCP-mutant/PreC-mutant (MM) patterns compared to BCP-wild/PreC-wild (WW) pattern (P=0.02). The cumulative rates of HBeAg loss at 6, 12 and 18 months were significantly higher in the lamivudine group (14.2, 36.3, and 60.9%) compared with the control group (17.6, 17.6, and 24.5%, P=0.03), and was especially pronounced in patients with the MW pattern (P=0.04). The rate of lamivudine-related HBeAg loss was significantly lower in patients with the WW pattern (P=0.03). Factors correlating with HBeAg loss were histological fibrosis and activity, hepatitis B virus-DNA levels, BCP/PreC mutation and lamivudine therapy. Multivariate analysis revealed BCP/PreC mutations and fibrosis were independent factors for HBeAg loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With specific reference to the genotype C, we found earlier HBeAg loss was expected in patients carrying MM and MW patterns, while the efficacy of lamivudine was limited in patients with the WW pattern.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Musashino Red Cross Hospital, 1-26-1 Kyonan-cho, Musashino-shi, Tokyo 180-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asahina
authors.forename: Namiki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: Masakatsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchihara
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Kosei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamano
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Itakura
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyake
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019259:Lamivudine