title: Immunomodulatory effect of decoy receptor 3 on the differentiation and function of bone marrow-derived dendritic cells in nonobese diabetic mice: from regulatory mechanism to clinical implication.
abstract: To investigate the regulatory effects of decoy receptor 3 (DcR3) on the differentiation and function of dendritic cells (DCs), bone marrow-derived DCs (BM-DCs) from nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice were cultured with recombinant DcR3.Fc protein. Their differentiating phenotypes and T cell-stimulating functions were then evaluated. Expression of CD11c, CD40, CD54, and major histocompatibility complex I-A(g7) was reduced in cells cultured with additional DcR3.Fc, compared with DCs incubated with granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor and interleukin (IL)-4, indicating that DcR3 interferes with the differentiation and maturation of BM-DCs. One of the most striking effects of DcR3.Fc on the differentiation of DCs was the up-regulation of CD86 and down-regulation of CD80, suggesting a modulatory potential to skew the T cell response toward the T helper cell type 2 (Th2) phenotype. Consistent with this, the proliferation of CD4(+) T cells cocultured with DcR3.Fc-treated DCs was significantly reduced compared with that of T cells stimulated by normal DCs. Moreover, the secretion of interferon-gamma from T cells cocultured with DcR3.Fc-treated DCs was profoundly suppressed, indicating that DcR3 exerts a Th1-suppressing effect on differentiating DCs. Furthermore, adoptive transfer experiments revealed that NOD/severe combined immunodeficiency mice received DcR3.Fc-treated DCs, and subsequently, autoreactive T cells showed delayed onset of diabetes and a decrease in diabetic severity compared with mice that received normal DCs and T cells, suggesting a future therapeutic potential in autoimmune diabetes. Data from two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight analysis show an up-regulation of some proteins-such as mitogen-activated protein kinase p38 beta, cyclin-dependent kinase 6, and signal-induced proliferation-associated gene 1-and a down-regulation of the IL-17 precursor; tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand family member-associated nuclear factor-kappaB activator-binding kinase 1; and Golgi S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine in cells treated with DcR3, further demonstrating its effect on DC differentiation and function.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan 114.
authors.forename: Shu-Fen
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tan-Mei
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yu-Chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Huey-Kang
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Sytwu
authors.forename: Hsueh-Fen
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Juan
authors.forename: Shui-Tein
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kuo-Liang
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Sheng-Chuan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hsi
authors.forename: Shie-Liang
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hsieh
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000637:transplantation; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000628:therapy; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053323:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 6b; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053323:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 6b