title: Repeat radiation for recurrent in-stent restenosis in patients who failed initial brachytherapy.
abstract: In-stent restenosis (ISR) is due to neointimal hyperplasia and is shown to be effectively inhibited by vascular brachytherapy (VBT). Despite its efficacy, 20-25% of patients present with recurrent ISR following failed initial VBT. Although conventional percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is offered in a majority of patients to treat failed brachytherapy, the requirement for repeat revascularization is about 50%. PCI with repeat radiation to treat this difficult subset of patients is safe and feasible with target lesion revascularization (TLR) rates less than 25%. The lessons learned from randomized trials of brachytherapy, including prevention of edge effect, prolonged antiplatelet therapy and the prescription of a higher mean dose, should be applied to treat these patients with repeat radiation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA.
authors.forename: Pramod
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuchulakanti
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Waksman
mesh_terms: D001918:Brachytherapy; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D012008:Recurrence; D017211:Treatment Failure; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology / Q000528:radiation effects