title: TGF-beta-induced RhoA and p160ROCK activation is involved in the inhibition of Cdc25A with resultant cell-cycle arrest.
abstract: The ability of the transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling pathways to inhibit proliferation of most cells while stimulating proliferation of others remains a conundrum. In this article, we report that the absence of RhoA and p160ROCK activity in fibroblastic NIH 3T3 cells and its presence in epithelial NMuMG cells can at least partially explain the difference in the TGF-beta growth response. Further, evidence is presented for TGF-beta-stimulated p160ROCK translocation to the nucleus and inhibitory phosphorylation of the cyclin-dependent kinase-activating phosphatase, Cdc25A. The resultant suppression of Cdk2 activity contributes to G1/S inhibition in NMuMG cells. These data provide evidence that signaling through RhoA and p160ROCK is important in TGF-beta inhibition of cell proliferation and links signaling components for epithelial transdifferentiation with regulation of cell-cycle progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6838, USA. neil.bhowmick@vanderbilt.edu
authors.forename: Neil A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Bhowmick
authors.forename: Mayshan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghiassi
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aakre
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Harold L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Moses
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; C517005:Cdc25a protein, mouse; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein