title: Irradiation reduces interstitial fluid transport and increases the collagen content in tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have shown that the interstitial diffusion of large molecules is significantly hindered in tumors with high collagen levels. Because large therapeutic agents (e.g., monoclonal antibodies and viral vectors) will be combined with radiation or chemotherapy, it is significant to determine how cytotoxic therapies modify the transport and composition of the interstitial space in tumors. To test the hypothesis that radiation alters tumor interstitial transport, we measured tumor hydraulic conductivity (K) and hyaluronan and collagen type I levels after irradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  K and the quantification of interstitial matrix components were determined in sections of s.c. implants of the human colon adenocarcinoma LS174T. K was measured on days 1 and 5 after 10 Gy of irradiation or on day 5 after 30 Gy of irradiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with control tumors, K decreased by approximately 12-fold after 10 or 30 Gy of irradiation on day 5. At 24 h after irradiation with 10 Gy, the decrease in K was not significant. Five days after 10 and 30 Gy of irradiation, the decrease in K was associated with significantly higher levels of collagen type I. The collagen type I content was not changed 24 h after irradiation with 10 Gy. Irradiation did not significantly increase hyaluronan levels in LS174T tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After irradiation, the decrease in K and increase in collagen type I levels could significantly hinder the convective movement and diffusion of large therapeutic agents in tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Cynthia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Znati
authors.forename: Maury
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rosenstein
authors.forename: Trevor D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: McKee
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Bloomer
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watkins
authors.forename: Rakesh K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Boucher
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D045604:Extracellular Fluid / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen