title: Who is at risk for cardiac events in young patients with long QT syndrome?
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine who is at risk for cardiac events among young patients with long QT syndrome (LQTS) with or without a past history of LQTS-related cardiac events. The subjects were young patients with LQTS who had visited one of 36 hospitals from January 1997 to August 2000 in Japan. To predict the risk factors for cardiac events, stepwise regression analyses were performed for a total of 197 cases. There were 7 of 129 cases (5%) without a past history and 32 of the 68 (47%) cases with a past history of LQTS-related cardiac events that experienced new events after diagnosis (p<0.0001). Patients with a family history showed a higher incidence of symptoms both before and after diagnosis than patients with sporadic occurrence. Analyses revealed that noncompliance with medication and a lower age at diagnosis were significant predictors for the group with a past history. A negative predictive value <4 points was 100% in the group without a past history. To prevent future cardiac events, compliance with medication must be improved in those with a past history. A total LQTS score <4 points was useful to predict the absence of cardiac events in the group without a past history.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan. m-yoshi@m2.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagashima
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Niimura
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitada
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kamimura
authors.forename: Mayu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iino
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Horigome
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seguchi
authors.forename: Sumi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aiba
authors.forename: Naomi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Izumida
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Hiroya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ushinohama
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.forename: Yukiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kono
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyata
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003645:Death, Sudden; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008133:Long QT Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D009622:Noise; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012890:Sleep; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013550:Swimming; D013997:Time Factors