title: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 DNA nuclear import and integration are mitosis independent in cycling cells.
abstract: An essential step in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication is the movement of the viral preintegration complex from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. The pathway(s) and timing for HIV-1 DNA nuclear entry in cycling cells have not been established. Here, we show that if cycling cells are infected before S phase, viral DNA can be integrated prior to passage of the host DNA replication fork through the integration site, as indicated by stable inheritance in both daughter cells. We conclude that efficient nuclear entry can occur independently of mitotic nuclear disassembly in cycling cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cancer Research, Fox Chase Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA. R_Katz@fccc.edu
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Greger
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boimel
authors.forename: Anna Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Skalka
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008938:Mitosis / Q000502:physiology*; D016196:S Phase / Q000502:physiology; D016662:Virus Integration
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral