Anticancer therapy targeting the apoptotic pathway.
Apoptosis, or programmed cell death, has an essential role in controlling cell number in many developmental and physiological settings and in chemotherapy-induced tumour-cell killing. It is a genetically regulated biological process, guided by the ratio of proapoptotic and antiapoptotic proteins. Recently, inducers of apoptosis have been used in cancer therapy. Several studies have attempted to induce apoptosis by triggering the tumour-necrosis-factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand receptor and the BCL2 family of proteins, and others have targeted the caspases, and proteins that inhibit apoptosis. Most of these therapies are still in preclinical development because of their low efficacy and susceptibility to drug resistance, but some of them have shown promising results. In this article, we review the development and clinical efficacy of proapoptotic drugs that have shown promise.
Hu
Wei
W
Department of Gynecologic Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030-4009, USA.
Kavanagh
John J
JJ
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha