title: Comparison of clinical characteristics and comorbidity in schizophrenia patients with and without obsessive-compulsive disorder: schizophrenic and OC symptoms in schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since a substantial proportion of schizophrenia patients has symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), we sought to provide a phenomenological characterization of a schizophrenia subgroup with OCD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive sample of patients who met DSM-IV criteria for both schizophrenia and OCD (N = 55) was compared with 55 schizophrenia patients without OCD matched for age and number of hospitalizations. Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I psychiatric disorders (SCID-I), including a specific module for tic disorders based on DSM-IV criteria, Scales for the Assessment of Positive and Negative Symptoms, Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale, Clinical Global Impressions scale, and Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Schizophrenia patients with OCD (N = 55) had lower positive dimension scores than schizophrenia patients without OCD (N = 55) (p =.01). Two subgroups of schizo-obsessive patients were identified: OCD independent of schizophrenia symptoms and OCD partially overlapping positive schizophrenia symptoms. Schizophrenia patients with OCD had more SCID-detectable OCD-spectrum disorder, primarily body dysmorphic disorder and chronic tic disorders. More schizophrenia patients with OCD were treated with either add-on serotonin reuptake inhibitors or clozapine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Schizophrenia patients with OCD differ from their non-OCD-schizophrenia counterparts in severity of schizophrenia symptoms, co-occurrence of OCD-spectrum disorders, and pharmacotherapy. These findings and the identification of 2 subgroups of schizo-obsessive patients support the validity of this unique clinical entity and may facilitate the establishment of diagnostic criteria for a schizo-obsessive subtype of schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit, Tirat Carmel Mental Health Center, Tirat Carmel, Israel. tyrmichael@matat.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poyurovsky
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kriss
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Weisman
authors.forename: Sarit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Faragian
authors.forename: Rena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kurs
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schneidman
authors.forename: Camil
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: Abraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weizman
authors.forename: Ronit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weizman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003024:Clozapine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D003024:Clozapine; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors