title: Relationship of p53 with other oncogenes, cytokines and systemic lupus erythematosus activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Defects in the regulation of apoptosis of autoreactive lymphocytes are involved in the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The apoptotic process relies on adequate functioning of numerous molecules, including oncogenes and diverse cytokines. p53 has been implicated in the control of the cell cycle through the stimulation of apoptosis of these autoreactive cells.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the role of the p53 pathway on the regulation of apoptosis in SLE patients and analyze the relationship of the p53 oncoprotein with disease activity and other oncogenes (bcl-2, Fas) and cytokines (interleukin-10, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha, TNF-alpha), implicated in the apoptotic process and the pathogenesis of SLE.
  
  
  METHODS
  p53 and bcl-2 antigen expression were determined in lyzed lymphocytes from 74 patients with SLE and 30 healthy controls. Serum levels of soluble-Fas (sFas) and cytokines IL-10 and TNF-alpha were studied by enzyme-linked immunonosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SLE patients had higher levels of p53 protein (0.16 +/- 0.33 ng/dl) than controls (0.014 +/- 0.02 ng/dl; p = 0.006). Patients with active SLE had higher levels of p53 (0.31 +/- 0.48 ng/dl) than those with inactive disease (0.08 +/- 0.17 ng/dl; p = 0.003) who in turn had higher levels than controls (0.01 +/- 0.02 ng/dl; p = 0.035). A significant correlation was found between p53 levels and the SLE disease activity index (R = +0.24/ p = 0.04), anti-DNA antibodies (R = +0.23/p = 0.048) and IL-10 levels (R = +0.4/p = 0.004). No correlation was found between p53 levels and bcl-2, sFas or TNF-alpha levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The p53 oncoprotein may play a role in the pathogenesis and activity of SLE. IL-10 may influence SLE activity by inhibiting the p53 and bcl-2/Fas apoptosis pathway of autoreactive cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miret
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Filella
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Carrasco
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Claver
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ingelmo
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ballesta
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Font
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000097:blood; D017209:Apoptosis; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology*; D004247:DNA / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009857:Oncogenes / Q000502:physiology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D016207:Cytokines; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D004247:DNA