title: Management of hyperbilirubinemia in newborns: measuring performance by using a benchmarking model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Accreditors hold hospitals accountable for harm from serious newborn hyperbilirubinemia, yet standards for evaluating performance in prevention are lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We confirmed prognostic variables for newborn hyperbilirubinemia and developed a benchmarking model for self-evaluation of hyperbilirubinemia management.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a 3-year prospective cohort study in the Henry Ford Health System (HFHS) on 5507 healthy newborns of >or=35 weeks' gestational age. HFHS follows a rigorous protocol for hyperbilirubinemia management. Defining hyperbilirubinemia as age-specific levels of total serum bilirubin exceeding American Academy of Pediatrics criteria for considering phototherapy and severe hyperbilirubinemia as total serum bilirubin >or=20 mg/dL, we used logistic and Poisson regressions to determine predictors and estimate parameters for a benchmarking model. We compared incidence rates for severe hyperbilirubinemia from HFHS to aggregate data from 11 hospitals reported to have less rigorous management.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Newborns were 52.9% black, 14.4% white, 24.3% Latino, and 2.4% Asian; 30% were exclusively and 28% partially breastfed. Regression analyses revealed associations for hyperbilirubinemia and severe hyperbilirubinemia with black mothers (negative) and exclusive or partial breastfeeding and younger gestational age (positive). Male newborns and older mothers were also associated with severe hyperbilirubinemia. For all 5 variables, we found a lower risk for severe hyperbilirubinemia at HFHS than in the comparison hospital group. To compare hospitals, we developed a benchmarking model for incidence of hyperbilirubinemia adjusting for race, feeding method, and gestational age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hospitals with access to newborns' inpatient and postdischarge data can use our benchmarking model to compare their management of hyperbilirubinemia with a reference population that received rigorous care.
authors.affiliation: Center for Quality of Care Research and Education, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Shu-Chiung
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: R Heather
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Sudhakar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ezhuthachan
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Brenna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pradell-Boyd
authors.forename: M Jeffrey
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Maisels
authors.forename: Marcia A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Testa
mesh_terms: D019985:Benchmarking; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006932:Hyperbilirubinemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001663:Bilirubin