title: Absent virtues: the poacher becomes gamekeeper.
abstract: Since its inception, bioethics' principled stance has been to argue against paternalism and elitism, and for an inclusive ethical perspective. But at least in North America, the growth of bioethics as a special area of applied ethics has created conflicts within the field itself. Those who, a generation earlier, argued against paternalism and for both professional and public accountability in medical decision making are now part of the decision making process. Too often, it is argued in this paper, their allegiance is to the employer, or to a view of medicine that is institutionally based. As a result, it is suggested by this review, medical ethicists have adopted the perspective that, in the early 1970s, they most criticised. The answer, it is argued here, is to revisit a lexicographical ordering of responsibility in bioethics, one that recognises professionals as individuals with responsibilities, as citizens with a public posture, and finally, as professionals involved in the process of medical decision making.
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia, 1984 West Mall, Vancouver V6T 1Z2, Canada. tokoch@attglobal.net
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D026688:Bioethical Issues; D003657:Decision Making; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000941:ethics; D004992:Ethics, Medical; D032984:Ethics, Research; D006801:Humans; D009014:Morals; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations / Q000941:ethics; D012941:Social Responsibility; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000941:ethics; D014342:Truth Disclosure / Q000941:ethics; D014481:United States