title: Grape extracts suppress the formation of preneoplastic foci and activity of fatty acid synthase in rat liver.
abstract: This study was conducted to examine the effects of dietary grape extracts on preneoplastic foci formation in rat hepatocarcinogenesis, and related hepatic enzymes. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed basal diet or grape diet containing 15% concentrated grape extracts (68 bricks). The grape diet groups were divided into whole-period grape diet group (DEN-GW; grape diet group fed throughout experimental period) and postinitiation grape diet group (DEN-GP; grape diet group fed from post initiation stage) according to the starting time point of the grape diet. Hepatocarcinogenesis was induced by diethylnitrosamine (DEN; 200 mg/kg bw) and 2/3 partial hepatectomy (DEN-B; DEN-treated basal diet group, DEN-GW, and DEN-GP groups), while the control group treated with saline and sham operation (Control group). The formation of placental glutathione (GSH) S-transferase positive (GST-P+) foci in DEN-GW group was moderately but significantly suppressed, however, not in DEN- GP group. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances content of DEN-GW group was significantly lower than that of DEN-B group. The activity of fatty acid synthase (FAS) in the grape diet groups was decreased about 1/2 of the DEN-B group. The content of GSH and GSH peroxidase activity were increased by carcinogen treatment, but not modulated by grape diet. The activities of GSH S-transferase, p-nitrophenol hydroxylase, and catalase were not affected by diet or treatment. Conclusively, the grape diet-induced reduction of FAS activity that was expressed highly in neoplastic tissues, might be one of the contributing mechanisms of hepatic cancer prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Sanghui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kweon
authors.forename: Yoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Haymie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D005978:Glutathione