title: 3-Nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA) induced micronucleus formation and DNA damage in human hepatoma (HepG2) cells.
abstract: 3-Nitrobenzanthrone (3-NBA), identified in diesel exhaust and in airborne particulate matter, is a potent mutagen in Salmonella, induces micronuclei formation in mice and in human cells and DNA adducts in rats. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic potency of 3-NBA in human HepG2 cells using the micronucleus (MN) assay and the single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE). 3-NBA caused a genotoxic effect at concentrations > or =12 nM in both assays. In the micronucleus assay, we found 98.7+/-10.3 MN/1000 BNC at a concentration of 100 nM 3-NBA in comparison to 27.3+/-0.6 MN/1000 BNC with the negative control. At the same concentration, the DNA-migration (SCGE) showed an Olive tail moment (OTM) of 2.7+/-0.45 and %DNA in the tail of 8.28+/-0.76; OTM and %DNA in the tail of cells treated with the negative control were 0.73+/-0.08 and 2.81+/-0.30, respectively. The results are discussed under consideration of former studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Indoor and Environmental Toxicology, University of Giessen, University Hospital, Aulweg 123, 35385 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lamy
authors.forename: Fekadu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kassie
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gminski
authors.forename: Heinz H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Schmeiser
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mersch-Sundermann
mesh_terms: D001551:Benz(a)Anthracenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D020552:Comet Assay; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001551:Benz(a)Anthracenes; C117220:3-nitrobenzanthrone