Auditory neuropathy/dys-synchrony: diagnosis and management.
Auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) and otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) are objective measures of auditory function, but are not hearing tests. Normal OAEs reflect normal cochlear outer hair cell function, and an ABR indicates a synchronous neural response. It is quite possible for a patient to have normal OAEs but absent or grossly abnormal ABR and a behavioral audiogram that is inconsistent with either test. These patients, who may constitute as much as 10% of the diagnosed deaf population, have auditory neuropathy/dys-synchrony (AN/AD). To diagnose AN/AD accurately, ABRs are obtained in response to condensation and rarefaction clicks to distinguish cochlear microphonics (CM) from neural responses. Appropriate management is confounded by variation among patients and changes in auditory function in some patients over time. Recommendations for management include visual language exposure through methods such as American Sign Language (ASL), Cued Speech, or baby signs, and closely following patients.
Berlin
Charles I
CI
Department of Otolaryngology, Kresge Hearing Research Laboratory, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
Hood
Linda
L
Morlet
Thierry
T
Rose
Kelly
K
Brashears
Shanda
S
D000158:Acoustic Impedance Tests; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001302:Audiometry, Speech; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003055:Cochlear Microphonic Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D006320:Hearing Tests / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008403:Mass Screening; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000502:physiology; D012021:Reflex, Abnormal / Q000502:physiology; D000160:Vestibulocochlear Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation