title: Association between hyperglycemia and increased hospital mortality in a heterogeneous population of critically ill patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between hyperglycemia and hospital mortality in a heterogeneous group of critically ill patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective data were reviewed for 1826 consecutive patients whose glucose values were obtained during their intensive care unit stay at The Stamford Hospital in Stamford, Conn, between October 1, 1999, and April 4, 2002.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean and maximum glucose values were significantly higher among nonsurvivors than among survivors for the entire group (P < .001) and for each subgroup except for patients with septic shock. The lowest hospital mortality, 9.6%, occurred among patients with mean glucose values between 80 and 99 mg/dL. Hospital mortality increased progressively as glucose values increased, reaching 42.5% among patients with mean glucose values exceeding 300 mg/dL. Within each of 3 groupings of Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II (APACHE II) scores (0-14; 15-24; > or = 25), mean and maximum glucose values were higher among nonsurvivors than among survivors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even a modest degree of hyperglycemia occurring after intensive care unit admission was associated with a substantial increase in hospital mortality in patients with a wide range of medical and surgical diagnoses. Analysis of glucose values added predictive power above that achieved by APACHE II scores alone. These results have important implications for the glycemic management of critically ill patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Critical Care, The Stamford Hospital, Stamford, Conn 06902, USA. Jkrinsley@stamhealth.org
authors.forename: James Stephen
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Krinsley
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D003237:Connecticut; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017741:Survivors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose