title: Treatment of Trichomonas in pregnancy and adverse outcomes of pregnancy: a subanalysis of a randomized trial in Rakai, Uganda.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the association of presumptive Trichomonas vaginalis treatment during pregnancy and birth outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A community-randomized trial of presumptive sexually transmitted disease treatment during pregnancy was conducted between 1994 and 1999 in Rakai district, Uganda. A subanalysis of a trial of presumptive therapy with azithromycin, cefixime, and metronidazole assessed Trichomonas vaginalis treatment in pregnant women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children of 94 women with Trichomonas who were treated had increased low birth weight (relative risk, 2.49; 95% CI, 1.12-5.50), preterm birth rate (relative risk, 1.28; 95% CI, 0.81-2.02), and 2-year mortality rate (relative risk, 1.58; 95% CI, 0.99-2.52), compared with children of 112 women with Trichomonas who were not treated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of Trichomonas vaginalis during pregnancy may be deleterious, and we infer that this may be due to metronidazole. This is consistent with a National Institute for Child Health and Human Development trial that found an excess of preterm births in children of women with Trichomonas vaginalis infection who were treated with metronidazole.
authors.affiliation: Rakai Project, Uganda Virus Research Institute, Entebbe and Kampala, Uganda.
authors.forename: Godfrey G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Kigozi
authors.forename: Heena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brahmbhatt
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wabwire-Mangen
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wawer
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Serwadda
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sewankambo
authors.forename: Ronald H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gray
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000994:Antitrichomonal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001723:Birth Rate; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000139:chemically induced; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012306:Risk; D014247:Trichomonas Vaginitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014246:Trichomonas vaginalis; D014454:Uganda
chemical_list: D000994:Antitrichomonal Agents; D008795:Metronidazole