Cohesion and performance in groups: a meta-analytic clarification of construct relations.
Previous meta-analytic examinations of group cohesion and performance have focused primarily on contextual factors. This study examined issues relevant to applied researchers by providing a more detailed analysis of the criterion domain. In addition, the authors reinvestigated the role of components of cohesion using more modern meta-analytic methods and in light of different types of performance criteria. The results of the authors' meta-analyses revealed stronger correlations between cohesion and performance when performance was defined as behavior (as opposed to outcome), when it was assessed with efficiency measures (as opposed to effectiveness measures), and as patterns of team workflow became more intensive. In addition, and in contrast to B. Mullen and C. Copper's (1994) meta-analysis, the 3 main components of cohesion were independently related to the various performance domains. Implications for organizations and future research on cohesion and performance are discussed.
Beal
Daniel J
DJ
Military Family Research Institute, Purdue University, 14 North 2nd Street, Suite 300, Lafayette, IN 47901, USA. dbeal@purdue.edu
Cohen
Robin R
RR
Burke
Michael J
MJ
McLendon
Christy L
CL
D001290:Attitude; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008875:Middle Aged