title: Development of immunoglobulin variable heavy chain gene consensus probes with conjugated 3' minor groove binder groups for monitoring minimal residual disease in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop immunoglobulin heavy chain variable (VH) gene probes that are shorter and more flexible in position for monitoring minimal residual disease (MRD) in childhood leukaemia (ALL), using minor groove binder (MGB) technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  All VH germline sequences registered in the database were aligned and the consensus regions were determined. The reliability of the MGB probes was compared with non-MGB probes in all 24 cases of ALL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ten MGB probes (16 to 18 mers) were designed that enabled all the germline sequences on the database to be analysed, whereas the conventional non-MGB probes (21 to 27 mers) did not allow the analysis of four of the VH1 and five of the VH3 germline sequences. The sequencing results in five of the 24 cases of ALL were not matched to the non-MGB probes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MGB technology allows shorter probes to be designed, enabling MRD to be detected in childhood ALL. This would provide a considerable reduction in cost for a large MRD study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Uchimaru 19-1, Morioka 020-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Maesawa
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yashima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itabashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tarusawa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masuda
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D016384:Consensus Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D015326:Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte, Heavy Chain; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics*; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes