title: Interleukin-1 and nitric oxide increase NADPH oxidase activity in human coronary artery smooth muscle cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cytokines, nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well known for their pathogenic effects in development of cardiovascular diseases. Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is known to induce NO generation, however it is not well established if IL-1beta or NO regulate production of ROS, such as superoxide anion. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of IL-1beta or NO on enzyme activity of NADPH oxidase (NOX), a superoxide-generating system recently documented to participate in a variety of vascular functions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human coronary artery smooth muscle cells (SMC) obtained from Clonetics were treated with IL-1beta and NO donor, sodium nitroprusside (SNP), in culture. Nitrites accumulated in supernatants of SMC cultures were measured as an index of NO released following treatment with IL-1beta. NOX enzyme activity was assayed using cytochrome c as the electron acceptor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with IL-1beta resulted in a 3-fold increase in the production of NO by SMC. Both IL-1beta and SNP enhanced NOX activity, by 67 and 45%, respectively, following 24 h of treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that NO or NO- generating cytokines might regulate the production of ROS in the cardiovascular system through modulation of superoxide-generating systems such as NOX.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.
authors.forename: Jaspal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Gursev S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Dhaunsi
authors.forename: Ronald B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D013481:Superoxides; D009599:Nitroprusside; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019255:NADPH Oxidases