title: Nitrogen control of atrazine utilization in Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP.
abstract: Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP uses the herbicide atrazine as the sole nitrogen source. We have devised a simple atrazine degradation assay to determine the effect of other nitrogen sources on the atrazine degradation pathway. The atrazine degradation rate was greatly decreased in cells grown on nitrogen sources that support rapid growth of Pseudomonas sp. strain ADP compared to cells cultivated on growth-limiting nitrogen sources. The presence of atrazine in addition to the nitrogen sources did not stimulate degradation. High degradation rates obtained in the presence of ammonium plus the glutamine synthetase inhibitor MSX and also with an Nas(-) mutant derivative grown on nitrate suggest that nitrogen regulation operates by sensing intracellular levels of some key nitrogen-containing metabolite. Nitrate amendment in soil microcosms resulted in decreased atrazine mineralization by the wild-type strain but not by the Nas(-) mutant. This suggests that, although nitrogen repression of the atrazine catabolic pathway may have a strong impact on atrazine biodegradation in nitrogen-fertilized soils, the use of selected mutant variants may contribute to overcoming this limitation.
authors.affiliation: Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo and Departamento de Ciencias Ambientales, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, 41013 Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: Vicente
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: García-González
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Govantes
authors.forename: Liz J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Santero
mesh_terms: D001280:Atrazine / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003470:Culture Media; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006540:Herbicides / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012988:Soil Microbiology
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D006540:Herbicides; D012987:Soil; D009584:Nitrogen; D001280:Atrazine