title: Detachment and sonoporation of adherent HeLa-cells by shock wave-induced cavitation.
abstract: The interaction of lithotripter-generated shock waves with adherent cells is investigated using high-speed optical techniques. We show that shock waves permeabilize adherent cells in vitro through the action of cavitation bubbles. The bubbles are formed in the trailing tensile pulse of a lithotripter-generated shock wave where the pressure drops below the vapor pressure. Upon collapse of cavitation bubbles, a strong flow field is generated which accounts for two effects: first, detachment of cells from the substrate; and second, the temporary opening of cell membranes followed by molecular uptake, a process called sonoporation. Comparison of observed cell detachment with results from a theoretical model considering peeling cell detachment by a wall jet-induced shear stress shows reasonable agreement.
authors.affiliation: TU Twente, Department of Applied Physics, Physics of Fluids, Postbus 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands. c.d.ohl@tn.utwente.nl
authors.forename: Claus-Dieter
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Ohl
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wolfrum
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002470:Cell Survival; D006367:HeLa Cells; D019220:High-Energy Shock Waves; D006801:Humans; D014465:Ultrasonics