title: Bone gentamicin concentration after intra-articular injection or regional intravenous perfusion in the horse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare intra-articular (IA) and bone gentamicin concentrations achieved after intra-articular administration or regional intravenous perfusion (RIP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve healthy adult horses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horses were assigned to 2 treatment groups (n = 6/group): Group 1, 1 g gentamicin administered simultaneously in both left and right metacarpophalangeal joints and group 2, 1 g gentamicin administered simultaneously in both left and right lateral palmar veins. Serum, synovial fluid, and bone biopsy specimens were collected. Gentamicin concentrations were determined by fluorescence polarization immunoassay. Bone, synovial fluid, and serum gentamicin concentrations were compared over time and between groups using 2-way ANOVA. Significance of all tests were evaluated at P <.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IA metacarpophalangeal joint administration resulted in higher concentration of gentamicin in synovial fluid than RIP administration. Synovial fluid concentration remained above minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) for common pathogens for over 24 hours with IA and RIP administration. Bone gentamicin concentration remained above MIC for 8 hours with both methods; there was no significant difference in gentamicin concentration in bone with either method. Neither IA nor RIP administration had a significant effect on serum concentration of gentamicin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In normal horses, there is no difference in bone gentamicin concentration obtained with IA or RIP administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on MIC for common equine pathogens, administration of gentamicin intra-articularly or by regional intravenous perfusion should be useful for treatment of osteomyelitis.
authors.affiliation: Ohio State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: Alicia L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bertone
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006736:Horses; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D008662:Metacarpophalangeal Joint; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D011897:Random Allocation; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins