title: Bone mineral density after removal of rigid plates from forearm fractures: preliminary report.
abstract: Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured on three occasions following removal of metal plates used to fixate diaphyseal forearm fractures in eight patients (mean age 38.5 years). At plate removal the mean BMD of the distal radius/ulna and the ulnar shaft sites were, respectively, 10.2% and 2.1% lower than on the nonfractured side. The apparent volumetric BMD (BMDvol) at the ulnar fracture site was 4.3% lower. At 6 months follow-up ( n = 5) the mean ulnar shaft BMD had increased by 6.4% ( P = 0.04), resulting in complete recovery of BMD, whereas the increase in BMDvol did not reach the BMDvol of the control side. No recovery was found at the distal radius/ulna site. We conclude that there is a small, partially reversible bone density deficit in the ulnar shaft that has been underneath the plate. Although the decreased bone density may in part be responsible for increased refracture risk at the fracture site immediately after plate removal, it is negligible after 6 months. The cessation of the effects of stress shielding is probably responsible for the increased bone density after plate removal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kuopio University Hospital, Box 1777, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kettunen
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kröger
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bowditch
authors.forename: Jaakko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Joukainen
authors.forename: Olavi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Suomalainen
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001134:Arm Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001860:Bone Plates; D020878:Device Removal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D011336:Probability; D011885:Radius Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014458:Ulna Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*