title: Vascularized radial forearm free tissue transfer for lining in nasal reconstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Total and near-total nasal reconstruction requires the surgeon to replace external nasal cover, skeletal support, and internal nasal lining. The successful result must re-create the form and function of the original nose. In large defects, traditional sources of internal lining may be unavailable. The study describes the recreation of nasal lining in three patients with extensive nasal defects with vascularized radial forearm tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of three patients who underwent nasal reconstruction with radial forearm for internal lining, costal cartilage grafts for skeletal support, and paramedian forehead flap for cover.
  
  
  METHODS
  The charts of three patients who underwent total nasal reconstruction with radial forearm tissue transfer for lining were retrospectively reviewed. The technique was evaluated. The authors present a method for internal lining reconstruction in extensive nasal defects. They discuss the advantages and disadvantages of this method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three patients underwent successful total nasal reconstruction with radial forearm tissue transfer for lining, costal cartilage for skeletal support, and paramedian forehead flap. None of the patients had adequate septal mucosa or nasal subunit skin to support mucosal rotation grafts or epithelial turn-in flaps. All patients have completed reconstruction and have satisfactory nasal form and function. Loss of the lining flap or graft loss did not occur.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vascularized radial forearm tissue supplies ample quantities of skin to recreate nasal lining. The tissue provides excellent support of graft material, and it prevents contracture of the covering flap. Because of its bulk and donor site morbidity, free forearm tissue transfer should not be considered for reconstruction of smaller defects when another lining flap will suffice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st Street Southwest, Rochester, MN 55902, USA. moore.eric@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Strome
authors.forename: Jan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kasperbauer
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sherris
authors.forename: Lance A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Manning
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery; D005542:Forearm; D018219:Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps