title: [Relations between trace elements in drinking water and elderly residents' cognitive function].
abstract: The relationship between trace element levels in drinking water and cognitive function was studied for elderly residents in rural areas in China. Cognitive function was measured by a Chinese translation of the Community Screening Interview for Dementia (CSI "D"). The trace elements fluoride, calcium, selenium, aluminum, iron, zinc, cadmium, lead and arsenic contents of drinking water were determined using Chinese. National Standard Methods. A mixed effects model was used to evaluate the effect of each of the elements on cognitive function while adjusting for age, sex, and education level. Several of the elements examined had a significant effect on cognitive function when they were examined in a univariate context. However, after adjusting for other elements many of these results were not significant. There was a significant quadratic effect for calcium and a significant zinc-cadmium interaction. Cognitive function increased with calcium level to a certain point, and then decreased as calcium continued to increase. Zinc showed a positive relationship with cognitive function at low cadmium levels, but a negative relationship at high cadmium levels.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Environment Hygiene and Health Related Product Safety, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Chaoke
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Rongdi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Jingxiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Yuting
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yunpeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ying
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D002681:China; D003071:Cognition / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012424:Rural Population; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D015032:Zinc; D001151:Arsenic; D002118:Calcium