title: Wnt signalling inhibits neural differentiation of embryonic stem cells by controlling bone morphogenetic protein expression.
abstract: Wnt signalling plays an important role in both embryonic development and in tumourigenesis. Activation of the signalling cascade by wnt, but also mutations of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) protein and of the phosphorylation domain of beta-catenin, result in accumulation of active beta-catenin in the nucleus, where it binds to TCF/LEF transcription factors. We studied the effect of wnt signalling in embryonic stem cells by either inactivating APC or by introducing a dominant active form of beta-catenin. Both resulted in inhibition of neural differentiation in vitro and after brain grafting and in activation of downstream targets of wnt signalling, such as cyclins, c-myc, and bone morphogenetic proteins (BMP). Neural differentiation could be partially restored by the addition of the BMP antagonist noggin. This suggests a mechanism regulating the fate of differentiating embryonic stem cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuropathology, University Hospital Zurich, CH 8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Lorenz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Haegele
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ingold
authors.forename: Heike
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naumann
authors.forename: Ghazaleh
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tabatabai
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ledermann
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brandner
mesh_terms: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000235:genetics; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004475:Ectoderm / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D038341:Glycogen Synthase Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019076:Transgenes / Q000235:genetics; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D000099176:Noggin Protein
chemical_list: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016213:Cyclins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D038341:Glycogen Synthase Kinases; D011506:Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D000099176:Noggin Protein; C495267:CTNNB1 protein, mouse