title: Pain coping strategies play a role in the persistence of pain in post-herpetic neuralgia.
abstract: Post-herpetic neuralgia (PHN) is a neuropathic pain state that is often difficult to treat. Although frequently discussed in the clinical literature, little is known about the impact of pain on daily function and the extent to which psychosocial factors, in particular pain coping strategies, influence adaptation to this chronic illness. In the context of a crossover pharmacological trial, 68 patients with PHN completed a battery of psychological measures during a first drug-free baseline period. Following discontinuation of approximately 8 weeks of treatment, 49 of these patients completed data collection during a second drug-free assessment prior to beginning a second drug phase. Twice-weekly telephone pain ratings were combined with questionnaire measures of perceived interference due to pain, overall activity level, depressive symptoms, and pain coping strategies. Cross-sectional hierarchical regression analyses indicated that catastrophizing correlated with depressive symptoms but not pain, and coping self-statements were correlated with higher levels of overall activity. Prospective hierarchical regression analyses indicated that catastrophizing at baseline predicted level of pain 8 weeks later, an effect that was independent of baseline pain and depressive symptoms. Patients who reported increasing their activity in response to pain also reported more perceived interference due to pain 8 weeks later. Higher levels of ignoring pain sensations at baseline were prospectively correlated with more depressive symptoms 8 weeks later. These findings support a role for the continued investigation of cognitive-behavioral factors affecting the adaptation of elderly individuals experiencing PHN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 101 Meyer, 600 N. Wolfe St., Baltimore, MD 21287-7218, USA Department of Neurosciences, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287-7218, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Haythornthwaite
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pappagallo
authors.forename: Srinivasa N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Raja
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012044:Regression Analysis