title: Bone wax as a cause of a foreign body granuloma in a cranial defect: a case report.
abstract: Bone wax was used to stop bleeding of the diploic vessels after harvesting cranial bone for reconstruction of an orbital floor defect. After five months a fistula in the overlying skin of the donor site appeared and was eventually surgically explored. Remnants of bone wax and surrounding inflammatory tissue were removed and the fistula was excised. Histological examination revealed a foreign body granuloma. The use of bone wax and possible alternative local haemostatic agents and their complications are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. wolvius@kach.azr.nl
authors.forename: E B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Wolvius
authors.forename: K G H
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: van der Wal
mesh_terms: D017577:Cutaneous Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000150:complications; D015745:Granuloma, Foreign-Body / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009915:Orbit / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D010168:Palmitates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010294:Parietal Bone / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000637:transplantation; D012590:Sclera / Q000293:injuries; D014885:Waxes / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D006490:Hemostatics; D010168:Palmitates; D014885:Waxes; C055480:bone wax