title: Isolation of two triterpenoids and a biflavanone with anti-Inflammatory activity from Schinus molle fruits.
abstract: Three compounds with anti-inflammatory activity were isolated from Schinus molle fruits. Two of the compounds were identified as 3- epi-isomasticadienolalic acid ( 1), isomasticadienonalic acid ( 2) and chamaejasmin ( 3). Triterpenes 1 and 2, and biflavanone 3 were tested on two models of mice paw inflammation: one of acute inflammation, induced by subcutaneous injection of either phospholipase A (2) (PLA (2)) or carrageenan in the paws of mice, and one of chronic inflammation in the form of eczema, provoked by repeated administration of TPA to the ears of mice. On the PLA (2)-induced mouse paw oedema, only 2 was active (30 mg/kg, 66 % inhibition at 60 min), whereas all compounds reduced the chronic model of inflammation (48 to 26 % of swelling reduction), but only triterpenes reduced the leukocyte infiltration, measured as tissue peroxidase activity. In the case of the carrageenan-induced mouse paw oedema, only 3 led to a reduction of the swelling 3 h after challenge (50 mg/kg, 46 % oedema inhibition). In addition, 3 inhibited the LTB (4) production in rat peritoneal polymorphonuclear leukocytes with an IC (50) value of 29.8 microM, while triterpenes showed toxicity against cells at 100 microM.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Farmacologia, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: Zeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yueqin
authors.forename: M Carmen
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Recio
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Máñez
authors.forename: Rosa M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Giner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cerdá-Nicolás
authors.forename: José-Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ríos
mesh_terms: D027926:Anacardiaceae; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002351:Carrageenan; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005638:Fruit; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D051379:Mice; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects; D010741:Phospholipases A; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; D002351:Carrageenan; D010741:Phospholipases A; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate