title: Antibody-targeted photodynamic therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of conjugation of verteporfin (Visudyne, Parkedale Pharmaceuticals, Rochester, Minnesota, USA) to antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rabbit antimouse vascular endothelial growth factor polyclonal antibody was conjugated to verteporfin. Fluorescence excitation-emission spectra of verteporfin and conjugate were examined. Vascular endothelial growth factor-expressing murine endothelial cells were incubated with saline, verteporfin, or conjugate, followed by laser exposure or no laser exposure. Cell viability at 1 and 24 hours was assessed via trypan blue exclusion. Results were analyzed by two-way analysis of variance with replication and the Bonferroni multiple comparison test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fluorescence excitation-emission spectrum of the conjugate was similar to that of verteporfin. After laser exposure, cell viability in conjugate-treated cells was reduced to 6% at 1 hour (P <.0001) and to 4% at 24 hours (P <.0001), compared with approximately 40% in nonlaser-exposed, conjugate-treated cells. The cytotoxicity in the conjugate-treated cells was higher than in verteporfin-treated cells exposed to laser, although the difference did not reach statistical significance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The conjugation of verteporfin to polyclonal antibody is possible without the loss of its photosensitizing properties. Conjugated verteporfin destroys cellular targets at least as effectively as verteporfin alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas 78229-3900, USA.
authors.forename: George L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Mayo
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Melendez
authors.forename: Neeru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Stuart J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: McKinnon
authors.forename: Randolph D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Glickman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D002470:Cell Survival; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000276:immunology*; D000077362:Verteporfin
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000077362:Verteporfin