title: Vasopressin receptor antagonists in heart failure.
abstract: There is ample evidence that arginine vasopressin (AVP) is a component of the neurohormonal response to congestive heart failure (CHF). Furthermore, AVP might play a role in the development, progression and worsening of CHF. Because of the need for further improvement in the treatment of CHF, randomized clinical trials were conducted to assess the efficacy and safety of non-peptide AVP receptor antagonists in patients with CHF. In pivotal trials of three non-peptide AVP receptor antagonists, these compounds improved the fluid status, osmotic balance and hemodynamics of patients with CHF. These studies support the approval of this class of agents for the symptomatic treatment of CHF, but long-term studies are required to demonstrate their role in the outcome and quality of life of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106-4951, USA. mxt10@po.cwru.edu
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Thibonnier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000378:metabolism; D001381:Azepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001549:Benzamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011758:Pyrroles; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D000077602:Tolvaptan; D001569:Benzodiazepines
chemical_list: D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D001381:Azepines; D001549:Benzamides; D001552:Benzazepines; D011758:Pyrroles; D000077602:Tolvaptan; C106389:conivaptan; C409452:lixivaptan; D001569:Benzodiazepines