title: Light and clomazone effects on tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) callus and leaf discs.
abstract: The effects of clomazone on the growth of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L. 'NC2326') callus and leaf discs were studied under four light regimes. Callus cultures and leaf discs were grown on Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with IAA and kinetin. Light regimes were: dark grown callus kept in the dark and also transferred to the light; light grown callus kept in the light and also transferred to the dark. Two-month-old callus (cultured for 2 months from initiation) grew more rapidly than twelve-month-old callus (cultured for 12 months from initiation) under all conditions tested. Callus transferred from light to dark, or from dark to light, increased in fresh weight slower than did the callus maintained totally in light or dark. Clomazone (2-[(2-chlorophenyl)methyl]-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone) at 140 mg l(-1) or more was lethal to both callus and leaf discs whereas 10 mg l(-1) was stimulatory to growth. Callus tissue responded to clomazone differently depending on the light regime under which it was grown. While clomazone may be affecting the isoprenoid pathway in the callus and leaf disks resulting in growth inhibition, it is possible that other target sites are also being affected and contribute to the reduced growth.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology and Physiology, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29631, USA. dcamper@clemson.edu
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Camper
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Burrows
mesh_terms: D006540:Herbicides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D013472:Sunlight; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D007555:Isoxazoles; D023303:Oxazolidinones; C095255:clomazone