title: Inter-relationships among childhood BMI, childhood height, and adult obesity: the Bogalusa Heart Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although the body mass index (BMI, mass index, kg/m2) is widely used as a surrogate measure of adiposity, it is moderately associated (r approximately 0.3) with height among children. We examined whether the resulting preferential classification of taller children as overweight is appropriate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional analyses of children (ages, 3-17 y) examined the relation of height to adiposity (as assessed by BMI and skinfold thicknesses) and fasting levels of insulin. Longitudinal analyses examined the relation of childhood height and weight-height indices to adult (mean age, 25 y) levels of adiposity and fasting insulin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children (n=11,406) and adults (n=2911) who had participated in the Bogalusa Heart Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We constructed three weight-height indices: BMI, W/H3, and W/Hp. The triceps and subscapular skinfolds, as well as fasting levels of insulin, were also measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The classification of children as overweight (BMI-for-age > or =95th percentile) varied markedly by height, with a 10-fold difference in the prevalence of overweight across quintiles of height between the ages of 3 and 10 y. Childhood height, however, was also related to skinfold thicknesses and insulin levels, and all associations were modified in a similar manner by age. Furthermore, childhood height was related to adult adiposity, and of the three childhood weight-height indices, BMI showed the strongest associations with adult adiposity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because BMI reflects the positive association between height and adiposity among children, it is a better weight-height index than is either W/H3 or W/Hp.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nutrition and Physical Activity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention K-26, Atlanta, GA 30341-3717, USA. DFreedman@CDC.gov
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Freedman
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Serdula
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Berenson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015995:Prevalence