title: Anti-reflux surgery for the neonatal intensive care-dependent infant.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The benefit of anti-reflux surgery for gastro-oesophageal reflux (GOR) in early infancy is uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the value of Nissen fundoplication in a group of infants with severe GOR.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 infants underwent Nissen fundoplication for gastro-oesophageal reflux following a failure of medical management. All had suffered life-threatening respiratory episodes as a consequence of gastro-oesophageal reflux, and were neonatal intensive care-dependent. Median (range) birth weight was 1.26 kg (0.48-3.8 kg), gestation 30 weeks (25-38 weeks); at surgery, weight was 3.25 kg (2.5-6.1 kg) at a corrected age of 11.5 weeks (term-22) weeks. For each infant, the success of enteral feeding and the level of support required pre- and post-operatively was compared, and where appropriate, the facilitation of palliative feeding was assessed. Median follow-up was 14 (3-36) months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No infant suffered intra-operative morbidity or mortality. One infant died within 1 month of surgery from a collapse unrelated to surgery. Eight of nine surviving infants were discharged from intensive care following extubation and the establishment of enteral feeding. One patient died of severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia 3 months post-surgery. One infant developed a gastrostomy site infection, and two required gastrostomy tube replacement within 6 months of surgery. All were thriving at follow-up. Two infants with a congenital myopathy died as a result of their muscle disease at 9 and 11 months post-operatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nissen fundoplication is a feasible, effective and safe operation in severe gastro-oesophageal reflux unresponsive to medical treatment in term and pre-term infants. It has an additional important role in facilitating safe palliative enteral feeding in infants with a diagnosis incompatible with survival into adulthood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Campus, London W12 0HS, UK.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lakhoo
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005748:Gastric Fundus / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative