title: New role of CO2 as a selective agent in palladium-catalyzed reductive Ullmann coupling with zinc in water.
abstract: Carbon dioxide was found to promote the palladium-catalyzed zinc-mediated reductive Ullmann coupling of aryl halides. In the presence of carbon dioxide, Pd/C, and zinc, various aromatic halides including less reactive aromatic chlorides were coupled to give the corresponding homocoupling products in good yields.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Fine Catalysis and Synthesis, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China. jhli@mail.hunnu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Jin-Heng
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ye-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Du-Lin
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Yin