title: Preclinical evaluation of 2-[4-(7-chloro-2-quinoxalinyloxy)phenoxy]-propionic acid as a modulator of etoposide in human Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia xenograft model.
abstract: We have previously reported that XK469 (2-[4-(7-chloro-2-quinoxalinyloxyphenoxy]-propionic acid) enhances topo IIalpha expression in WSU-WM cells in vitro [E. Mensah-Osman et al., Mol. Cancer Ther., 1: 1321-1326, 2002]. To test the hypothesis that XK469-induced expression of topo IIalpha sensitizes WSU-WM cells to the topo IIalpha inhibitor etoposide (VP-16), we investigated the antitumor effects of XK469 and VP-16 in vivo, using the WSU-WM SCID xenograft model. Individual dosages of XK469 at 20-60 mg/kg/injection i.v. for a maximum-tolerated dose of 240 mg/kg were achievable in SCID mice. Simultaneous administration of a subtherapeutic dose of XK469 (20 mg/kg) and VP-16 at its maximum-tolerated dose of 15 mg/kg proved to be highly toxic and lethal. However, daily sequential treatment of XK469 given i.v. via tail vein at 20 mg/kg for a total of 120 mg/kg, followed 7 h later by VP-16 i.p. at 15 mg/kg for a total of 90 mg/kg, had no significant toxicity in SCID mice. The sequential treatment was associated with enhanced antitumor activity. Tumor growth inhibition T/C, tumor growth delay T-C, and log(10) kill for XK469 alone were 61%, 3 days and 0.46; VP-16 alone 6%, 12 days and 1.83, respectively; whereas the sequential administration of both agents gave a T/C value of 0%, T-C value of 23 days and a log(10) kill of 3.5. On the basis of these animal results, we conclude that the sequential treatment of WSU-WM tumors with XK469 and VP-16 was highly active. The study supports our in vitro observation that XK469 potentiates VP-16 activity. The sequential use of both agents resulted in clinically significant antitumor activity in the WM model.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine and Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Edith J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Mensah-Osman
authors.forename: Ayad M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Al-Katib
authors.forename: Ramzi M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mohammad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D005047:Etoposide / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D008258:Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D011810:Quinoxalines; C118180:XK 469; D005047:Etoposide