title: Technique and timing in women's backward two and one half somersault tuck (205C) and the men's backward two and one half somersault pike (205B) 3m springboard dives.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the backward two and one half somersault dive in a tuck position (205C) performed by females (n = 22) and the backward two and one half somersault dive in a pike position (205B) performed by males (n = 27) and by females (n = 6) to determine changes required by females to successfully perform 205B. Video data of the dives performed at the 1999 FINA World Diving Cup were captured and digitised to obtain times and postures of the divers at specific events including maximum depression, takeoff, and entry. Estimates of mass-normalised work done on the springboard were obtained from flight times. Males performed 31% more mass-normalised work on the springboard to gain height than females. Based on the dive scores and the short time to extend and prepare for entry it was concluded that females are not yet able to perform 205B with the same quality as they perform 205C. Females performing backward dives need to adjust their techniques to allow increased work on the springboard to generate height and rotation. Also, faster contraction of the hip flexors may allow them to achieve the tightest position more quickly to complete rotations with more time to prepare for entry.
authors.affiliation: University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gibson
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004242:Diving / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006615:Hip / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D012399:Rotation; D012737:Sex Factors; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D013997:Time Factors