Mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels in surgical cardioprotection.
ATP-sensitive potassium channels allow for the coupling of membrane potential to cellular metabolic status. Two K(ATP) channel subtypes coexist in the myocardium with one subtype located in the sarcolemma membrane and the other in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. The ATP-sensitive potassium channels can be pharmacologically modulated by a family of structurally diverse agents of varied potency and selectivity, collectively known as potassium channel openers and blockers. Sufficient evidence exists to indicate that the ATP-sensitive potassium channels and in particular the mitochondrial ATP-sensitive potassium channels play an important role both as a trigger and an effector in surgical cardioprotection. In this review, the biochemistry and specificity of the ATP-sensitive potassium channels is examined in relation to surgical cardioprotection.
McCully
James D
JD
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School and the Harvard Institutes of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. james_mccully@hms.harvard.edu
Levitsky
Sidney
S
D000241:Adenosine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003981:Diazoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced; D006801:Humans; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism*; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000819:agonists / Q000502:physiology*; D012508:Sarcolemma / Q000378:metabolism
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000241:Adenosine; D003981:Diazoxide