title: Silymarin increases antioxidant enzymes in alloxan-induced diabetes in rat pancreas.
abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of the flavonoid silymarin, a free radical scavenger that prevents lipoperoxidation, on the pancreatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) and catalase (CAT) in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus. Alloxan intoxicated rats were treated with silymarin in two manners, simultaneously (four or eight doses) or 20 days after alloxan administration for 9 weeks. Alloxan elicited a transient increase in the activity of the three enzymes, which decreased after 5 days of treatment. On its own, silymarin significantly increased the activity of these enzymes. Simultaneous treatment with alloxan and silymarin also induced an increment in the activity of the enzymes followed by a delayed decrease (four doses). However, a longer treatment with silymarin (eight doses) induced a more sustained effect. Interestingly, silymarin treatment recovered to control values for the activity of the three-antioxidant enzymes that were significantly diminished after 20 days of alloxan administration. It is suggested that the protective effect of silymarin on pancreatic damage induced by alloxan may be due to an increase in the activity of antioxidant enzymes that, in addition to the glutathione system, constitute the more important defense mechanisms against damage by free radicals.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Sistemas Biológicos, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Xochimilco. Calzada del Hueso 1100, Col. Villa Quietud, DF CP 04960, Mexico. casoto@cueyatl.uam.mx
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soto
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Recoba
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Barrón
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Favari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012838:Silymarin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D020011:Protective Agents; D012838:Silymarin; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase