title: Benefit of postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in locoregionally advanced esophageal carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine whether chemoradiotherapy after esophagectomy improves survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1994 to 2000, 31 patients with locoregionally advanced esophageal carcinoma (90% pT3, 81% pN1, and 13% pM1a) received postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy. Concurrently, 52 patients with advanced carcinoma underwent esophagectomy alone and survived at least 10 weeks, the time frame for adjuvant therapy. A propensity score based on demographic, tumor, and surgical factors was used to identify matched pairs to determine the association of adjuvant therapy with outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For patients receiving adjuvant therapy versus esophagectomy alone, risk-unadjusted median, 1-year, and 4-year survivals were 28 versus 14 months, 68% +/- 8.4% versus 60% +/- 6.8%, and 44% +/- 9.0% versus 17% +/- 5.6%, respectively (P =.05). Similarly, risk-unadjusted median time to recurrence was 25 versus 13 months (P =.15), and median recurrence-free survival was 22 versus 11 months (P =.04). Among propensity-matched patients, median, 1-year, and 4-year survivals for those receiving adjuvant therapy versus esophagectomy were 28 versus 15 months, 60% +/- 11.0% versus 65% +/- 10.7%, and 44% +/- 11.3% versus 0% (P =.05). Median time to recurrence was 25 versus 13 months (P =.04), and recurrence-free survival was 22 versus 10 months (P =.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with locoregionally advanced esophageal carcinoma, addition of postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy to esophagectomy alone doubled survival time, time to recurrence, and recurrence-free survival. Patients with locoregionally advanced carcinoma after esophagectomy should be considered for adjuvant therapy.
authors.affiliation: Center for Swallowing and Esophageal Disorders and Departmentof Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, OH 44195, USA. ricet@ccf.org
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Adelstein
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Chidel
authors.forename: Lisa A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rybicki
authors.forename: Malcolm M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: DeCamp
authors.forename: Sudish C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.forename: Eugene H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Blackstone
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome