title: Surgical uprighting and repositioning of severely impacted mandibular second molars.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Impacted second molars can create problems with esthetics, masticatory function and dental arch stability. Treatment options include surgical extraction, surgical uncovering with orthodontic-assisted eruption and surgical uprighting.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors review the literature concerning surgical molar uprighting, and present a case in which the procedure was performed successfully to treat an impacted second molar in a female adolescent. The authors surgically repositioned a horizontal, right mandibular second molar that was partially impacted in bone. The patient was followed up for three years, during which time she was free of complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Surgical molar uprighting has been shown to be a predictable and reliable procedure. When a molar tooth is severely impacted, surgical uprighting provides a viable option when other treatment modalities are contraindicated.
authors.affiliation: Marquette University School of Dentistry, Milwaukee, Wis. 53233-2186, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: McAboy
authors.forename: Joshua T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Grumet
authors.forename: Elliot B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Siegel
authors.forename: Anthony M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Iacopino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible; D008963:Molar / Q000601:surgery*; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy