Potentiation of therapeutic immune responses against malignancies with monoclonal antibodies.
Immunotherapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) can be defined as those that exert their functions by tampering with immune system cell molecules, causing an enhancement of antitumor immune responses. Some of these antibodies are agonistic ligands for surface receptors involved in the activation of lymphocytes and/or antigen-presenting cells, whereas others are antagonists of mechanisms that normally limit the intensity of immune reactions. Several mAbs of this category have been described to display in vivo antitumor activity in mouse models. Only anti-CTLA-4 (CD152) mAb has entered clinical trials, but the preclinical effects described for anti-CD40, anti-CD137 (4-1BB), anti-CD102 (intercellular adhesion molecule-2), and regulatory T cell-depleting mAbs should lead to their prompt clinical development. Their use in combination with immunizations against tumor antigens has been reported to be endowed with synergistic properties. This new group of antitumor agents holds promise for at least additive effects with conventional therapies of cancer and deserves intensive translational research.
Murillo
Oihana
O
Centro de Investigación Médica aplicada and Clínica Universitaria, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
Arina
Ainhoa
A
Tirapu
Iñigo
I
Alfaro
Carlos
C
Mazzolini
Guillermo
G
Palencia
Belen
B
López-Diaz De Cerio
Ascensión
A
Prieto
Jesús
J
Bendandi
Maurizio
M
Melero
Ignacio
I
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000276:immunology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000276:immunology; D053261:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; C065289:ICAM2 protein, human; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C505714:TNFRSF9 protein, human; C505715:Tnfrsf9 protein, mouse; D053261:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 9