title: Developmental expression of human hepatic CYP2C9 and CYP2C19.
abstract: The CYP2C subfamily is responsible for metabolizing many important drugs and accounts for about 20% of the cytochrome p450 in adult liver. To determine developmental expression patterns, liver microsomal CYP2C9 and -2C19 were measured (n = 237; ages, 8 weeks gestation-18 years) by Western blotting and with diclofenac or mephenytoin, respectively, as probe substrates. CYP2C9-specific content and catalytic activity were consistent with expression at 1 to 2% of mature values (i.e., specific content, 18.3 pmol/mg protein and n = 79; specific activity, 549.5 pmol/mg/min and n = 72) during the first trimester, with progressive increases during the second and third trimesters to levels approximately 30% of mature values. From birth to 5 months, CYP2C9 protein values varied 35-fold and were significantly higher than those observed during the late fetal period, with 51% of samples exhibiting values commensurate with mature levels. Less variable CYP2C9 protein and activity values were observed between 5 months and 18 years. CYP2C19 protein and catalytic activities that were 12 to 15% of mature values (i.e., specific content, 14.6 pmol/mg and n = 20; specific activity, 18.5 pmol/mg/min and n = 19) were observed as early as 8 weeks of gestation and were similar throughout the prenatal period. CYP2C19 expression did not change at birth, increased linearly over the first 5 postnatal months, and varied 21-fold from 5 months to 10 years. Adult CYP2C19 protein and activity values were observed in samples older than 10 years. The ontogeny of CYP2C9 and -2C19 were dissimilar among both fetal and 0- to 5-months postnatal samples, implying different developmental regulatory mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226-4801, USA.
authors.forename: Sevasti B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Koukouritaki
authors.forename: Jason R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Manro
authors.forename: Sandra A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Stevens
authors.forename: Allan E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Rettie
authors.forename: D Gail
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: McCarver
authors.forename: Ronald N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Hines
mesh_terms: D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C450260:CYP2C9 protein, human; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C045793:CYP2C19 protein, human; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19