title: Identification of GM-CSF in Paneth cells using single-cell RT-PCR.
abstract: Paneth cells, granule-containing cells located at the bottom of the intestinal crypts, have a role in innate mucosal immunity. We identified the exclusive expression of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in Paneth cells using single-cell reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and cDNA array. Cytosolic total RNA was aspirated from single Paneth cells and other villous epithelial cells (non-Paneth cells) of rats using capillary micropipettes. In addition to lysozyme, secretory phospholipase A2, defensin, TNF-alpha, and xanthine dehydrogenase genes, cDNA array analysis revealed that the GM-CSF gene is specifically present in Paneth cells, whereas GM-CSF receptor beta-chain mRNA is expressed in Paneth cells and other epithelial cells. There was intense immunohistochemical staining of GM-CSF in Paneth cells but not in other epithelial cells. Treatment of IEC6 cells with GM-CSF enhanced expression of CD80 and CD86. Thus, GM-CSF in Paneth cells might have an important role in mucosal immunity through increasing the expression of costimulatory molecules in epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 54 Shogoin-Kawara-cho, Sakyo-ku, 606-8507, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fukuzawa
authors.forename: Mitsutaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kayahara
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morita-Fujisawa
authors.forename: Katsumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seno
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takaishi
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chiba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019879:Paneth Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016187:Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D016187:Receptors, Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor