title: Evaluation of two-dimensional L-COSY and JPRESS using a 3 T MRI scanner: from phantoms to human brain in vivo.
abstract: Localized versions of two-dimensional (2D) magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) sequences, namely JPRESS and L-COSY, have been implemented on a whole-body 3T MRI/MRS scanner. Volume selection was achieved using three slice-selective radio-frequency (RF) pulses: 90 degrees-180 degrees-180 degrees in JPRESS and 90 degrees-180 degrees-90 degrees in L-COSY with a CHESS sequence prior to voxel localization for global water suppression. The last 180 degrees RF pulse was used for resolving the J-coupled cross peaks in JPRESS, whereas the last 90 degrees RF pulse was used for coherence transfer between J-coupled metabolites in L-COSY. A head MRI coil for 'transmission' and a 4 inch receive surface coil for 'reception' or a head coil transmit/receive were used. A total of 16 healthy volunteers were investigated using these 2D MRS sequences. Voxel sizes of 18 and 27 ml were localized in the occipito-parietal gray and white matter regions and the total duration for each 2D signal acquisition was typically 35 min. Compared with 2D L-COSY, reduced spectral width along the second spectral dimension and shorter 2D spectral acquisition were the major advantages of 2D JPRESS. In contrast, increased spectral width along the new spectral dimension in L-COSY resulted in an improved spectral dispersion enabling the detection of several brain metabolites at low concentrations that have not been resolved using the conventional one-dimensional (1D) MRS techniques. Due to increased sampling rate, severe loss of metabolite signals due to T2 during t1 was a major drawback of 2D JPRESS in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. athomas@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: M Albert
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umeda
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naruse
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D013912:Threonine / Q000378:metabolism; D014915:Whole-Body Counting / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D013912:Threonine; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005978:Glutathione