title: Expression of Epstein-Barr virus in thyroid carcinoma correlates with tumor progression.
abstract: There have been few studies regarding cancer progression from differentiated thyroid carcinoma to the undifferentiated one. To examine the possible involvement of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in this progression, 10 papillary carcinomas and 11 undifferentiated carcinomas were subjected to mRNA in situ hybridization, indirect immunofluorescence staining, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and reverse-transcriptase PCR. mRNA in situ hybridization using a BamHIW probe revealed signals in all of the examined samples, although the signal strength was weaker in the papillary carcinomas than in the undifferentiated carcinomas. EBV nuclear antigen-2 (EBNA2) in situ hybridization produced almost the same results; however, the signals were detected less frequently in the papillary carcinomas. Indirect immunofluorescence using anti-EBNA2, anti-latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1), and anti-BZLF1 antibodies also showed positive results with high frequency and with more prominent fluorescence in undifferentiated carcinomas than in papillary carcinomas. An examination of thyroid carcinoma cell lines also confirmed these findings. EBV infected all of the thyroid carcinomas irrespective of the degree of pathological differentiation. The expression of EBV, especially of EBNA2 and LMP1 (both of which are oncogene products of EBV), was stronger in the undifferentiated carcinomas than in the papillary carcinomas. These results suggest that increased expression of EBV may be involved in the progression of thyroid papillary carcinoma to undifferentiated carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Research Institute and Department of Pathology, Osaka National Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Misuzu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimakage
authors.forename: Kunimitsu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasagawa
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Masuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yutsudo
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Syunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yanoma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications*; D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000821:virology*; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; C037662:EBV-associated membrane antigen, Epstein-Barr virus; D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins