title: Cortisol has different effects on human memory for emotional and neutral stimuli.
abstract: Adrenal stress hormones are considered to play a role in memory enhancement of emotionally arousing events. To investigate the effects of cortisol on human emotional memory, subjects were administered hydrocortisone (25 mg) or placebo and presented with either an emotionally arousing or a neutral story. Memory for the story was tested 1 week later. In all memory tests, subjects who viewed the emotional story scored better for the emotionally arousing story parts, indicating that arousal enhances memory. In memory of details, cortisol showed an interaction with story valence but no main effect: cortisol enhanced memory for details of the neutral story version, but impaired memory for details of the emotionally arousing version. We thus confirm a non-linear interaction between cortisol and arousal on memory formation.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Neural and Behavioural Sciences, International Max Planck Research School, University of Tübingen, Osterbergstrasse 3, 72074 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rimmele
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Domes
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mathiak
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hautzinger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004644:Emotions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone