title: Neutrophil elastase cleaves PML-RARalpha and is important for the development of acute promyelocytic leukemia in mice.
abstract: The fusion protein PML-RARalpha, generated by the t(15;17)(q22;q11.2) translocation associated with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL), initiates APL when expressed in the early myeloid compartment of transgenic mice. PML-RARalpha is cleaved in several positions by a neutral serine protease in a human myeloid cell line; purification revealed that the protease is neutrophil elastase (NE). Immunofluorescence localization studies suggested that the cleavage of PML-RARalpha must occur within the cell, and perhaps, within the nucleus. The functional importance of NE for APL development was assessed in NE deficient mice. Greater than 90% of bone marrow PML-RARalpha cleaving activity was lost in the absence of NE, and NE (but not Cathepsin G) deficient animals were protected from APL development. Primary mouse and human APL cells also contain NE-dependent PML-RARalpha cleaving activity. Since NE is maximally produced in promyelocytes, this protease may play a role in APL pathogenesis by facilitating the leukemogenic potential of PML-RARalpha.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Ley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000201:enzymology; D002457:Cell Extracts; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D015514:Oncogene Proteins, Fusion; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C093476:promyelocytic leukemia-retinoic acid receptor alpha fusion oncoprotein; D019272:Leukocyte Elastase