title: Trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder following myocardial infarction: a prospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examines the trajectories of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following myocardial infarction (MI). More specifically, it has 2 aims: (1) to examine whether the trajectory of PTSD is predicted by level of threat and the nature of initial reactions and (2) to examine the associations between the trajectory of PTSD and anxiety, somatization, health-related quality of life, and hospitalization 7 months following MI.
  
  
  METHODS
  116 MI patients were examined twice. At time 1, within a week of the patient's MI, acute stress disorder (ASD) was assessed and medical measures were obtained from patients' hospital records. At time 2, 7 months later, PTSD, anxiety, physical residuals, and health-related quality of life were assessed. Data were gathered in 1999.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six percent of the respondents had both ASD and PTSD, 10% did not have ASD but did have PTSD, and 12% had ASD but not PTSD. The trajectory of PTSD was associated with severity of anxiety, somatic complaints, and health-related quality of life. In addition, while the severity of MI did not predict the trajectory of PTSD, the perceived severity did. Patients without PTSD but with prior ASD did not differ in their initial reactions from those without ASD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings provide support for the considerable variability in the trajectory of the development of PTSD and suggest that although ASD is associated with subsequent PTSD, the predictive role of initial reactions is limited.
authors.affiliation: Bob Shapell School of Social Work, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel. Ginzburg@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Karni
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ginzburg
authors.forename: Zahava
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: Bella
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koifman
authors.forename: Gad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Keren
authors.forename: Arie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kriwisky
authors.forename: Ilan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kutz
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Avi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bleich
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012803:Sick Role; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology