Association between antioxidant nutritional indicators and the incidence of dementia: results from the PAQUID prospective cohort study.
OBJECTIVE
To analyse the relation between antioxidant vitamins A, E, and malondialdehyde (MDA) lipoperoxidation product plasma concentrations with incident dementia.


METHODS
: A nested case-control within the PAQUID (Personnes Agées QUID) cohort.


METHODS
The PAQUID population-based prospective cohort in southwestern France.


METHODS
Among 626 subjects with blood collection at baseline, 46 developed a dementia during the follow-up and were considered to be cases. Each case was matched (on age and sex) to three controls.


RESULTS
Plasma vitamin E concentrations were lower among cases (mean value at 22.62 micromol/l (s.d.: 7.38) vs 24.99 (s.d.: 6.73 among controls). The same trend was observed for vitamin A concentrations, but the difference was not significant. On the contrary, MDA concentrations tended to be higher (mean value 1.35 micromol/l (s.d.: 0.53) vs 1.23 (s.d.: 0.44)) among cases. In logistic regression models, plasma values were split into tertiles. Adjusted for confounders, the risk of dementia was significantly increased in the lowest vitamin E tertile (< or =21.0 micromol/l) (OR=3.12, P=0.033) compared to the highest one (> or =25.5 micromol/l). The risk of Alzheimer's disease was also increased, with borderline significance (OR=3.06, P=0.053). Risks associated with vitamin A were nonsignificant. Similarly, there was a trend to an increased risk of dementia in the highest tertile of MDA (OR=1.67, P=0.31).


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that subjects with low plasma vitamin E concentrations are at a higher risk of developing a dementia in subsequent years.
Helmer
C
C
INSERM U. 330, Université de Bordeaux II, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France. catherine.helmer@isped.u-bordeaux2.fr
Peuchant
E
E
Letenneur
L
L
Bourdel-Marchasson
I
I
Larrieu
S
S
Dartigues
J F
JF
Dubourg
L
L
Thomas
M-J
MJ
Barberger-Gateau
P
P
D000368:Aged; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003704:Dementia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*
D000975:Antioxidants; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde