Differences in membrane pore formation by peptaibols.
The efficiencies of membrane pore formation by 14 naturally occurring peptaibols and two structurally modified ampullosporins were compared using an artificial bilayer membrane model. Major differences were found in the dependence on peptide sequences and the constituting amino acids. Alamethicin F-30, chrysospermins C/D, paracelsin and texenomycin A displayed higher activity by several orders of magnitude in comparison with smaller peptaibols containing < 17 amino acids such as ampullosporins, trichofumins. bergofungins and cephaibols. Biological activities such as the induction of pigment formation by the fungus Phoma destructiva and long acting hypothermia and depression of locomotor activity in mice were correlated with moderate membrane permeabilization. No or weak membrane activities corresponded with biological inactivity. Highly membrane-active structures such as alamethicin F-30, chrysospermin C, texenomycin A and paracelsin A displayed antibiotic effects against the fungus and toxicity in mice.
Grigoriev
Pavel A
PA
Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 14229 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.
Schlegel
Brigitte
B
Kronen
Matthias
M
Berg
Albrecht
A
Härtl
Albert
A
Gräfe
Udo
U
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007035:Hypothermia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007476:Ionophores / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D054848:Peptaibols; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D010858:Pigmentation / Q000187:drug effects
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D007476:Ionophores; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D054848:Peptaibols; D010455:Peptides; C109004:ampullosporin