title: Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans from food salt samples processed by heat treatment in Korea.
abstract: Eight samples of processed food salt collected from five plants in Korea were analyzed for 2,3,7,8-substituted polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) using liquid-liquid extraction, clean-up procedures, and high resolution gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry. The study included the analyses of two kinds of salt product sample: bamboo-salt and parched salt. The levels of toxic PCDD/Fs found in the salt product samples were extremely low: the results revealed TEQ levels ranging between the sub pg TEQ/g and sub fg TEQ/g. The differences in the TEQ values of toxic PCDD/F were observed between the salt product samples, which were treated with different frequency of baking using four different fuels (firewood, pine wood, pine resin, and indirect heating by gas) at temperatures from 300 to 2000 degrees C. In bamboo-salt samples, the concentrations and TEQ values of toxic PCDD/Fs ranged between 0.57-66 pg/g and 5.7x10(-5)-0.64 pg TEQ/g, respectively. PCDD/Fs levels in bamboo-salts baked by firewood were found to be higher than those baked by pinewood or pine resin. In parched salt samples, the concentrations and TEQ values of toxic PCDD/Fs ranged between 0.97-3.7 pg/g and 0.0097-0.017 pg TEQ/g, respectively. The data was discussed regarding the concentration and the distribution pattern of congeners.
authors.affiliation: Hazardous Substance Research Team, Korea Basic Science Institute, 126-16 5th St, Anam-dong Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jungju
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Jeoung Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Yun Gyong
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Dai Woon
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jongki
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D005579:Fossil Fuels; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007723:Korea; D012116:Resins, Plant; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000032:analysis*; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004147:Dioxins; D005579:Fossil Fuels; D012116:Resins, Plant; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary