title: Toxicity and antileishmanial activity of a new stable lipid suspension of amphotericin B.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the toxicity and the activity of a new lipid complex formulation of amphotericin B (AMB) (LC-AMB; dimyristoyl phosphatidylcholine, dimyristoyl phosphatidylglycerol, and AMB) that can be produced by a simple process. Like other lipid formulations, this new complex reduced both the hemolytic activity of AMB (the concentration causing 50% hemolysis of human erythrocytes, >100 microg/ml) and its toxicity toward murine peritoneal macrophages (50% inhibitory concentration, >100 microg/ml at 24 h). The in vivo toxicity of the new formulation (50% lethal dose, >200 mg/kg of body weight for CD1 mice) was similar to those of other commercial lipid formulations of AMB. The complex was the most effective formulation against the DD8 strain of Leishmania donovani. It was unable to reverse the resistance of an AMB-resistant L. donovani strain. In vivo LC-AMB was less efficient than AmBisome against L. donovani.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie, Pharmacotechnie et Biopharmacie, UMR CNRS 8612, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris XI, 92296 ChAtenay Malabry Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Malika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Larabi
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Yardley
authors.forename: Philippe M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Loiseau
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Appel
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Legrand
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gulik
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bories
authors.forename: Simon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Croft
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barratt
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D046508:Culture Techniques; D003890:Desiccation; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005614:Freeze Fracturing; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006461:Hemolysis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000187:drug effects*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000469:parasitology; D008055:Lipids; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D013535:Suspensions
chemical_list: D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D006454:Hemoglobins; D008055:Lipids; D013535:Suspensions; D000666:Amphotericin B