title: Neural control of three-dimensional eye and head movements.
abstract: Although the eyes and head can potentially rotate about any three-dimensional axis during orienting gaze shifts, behavioral recordings have shown that certain lawful strategies--such as Listing's law and Donders' law--determine which axis is used for a particular sensory input. Here, we review recent advances in understanding the neuromuscular mechanisms for these laws, the neural mechanisms that control three-dimensional head posture, and the neural mechanisms that coordinate three-dimensional eye orientation with head motion. Finally, we consider how the brain copes with the perceptual consequences of these motor acts.
authors.affiliation: York Center for Vision Research, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, M3J 1P3, Canada. jdc@yorku.ca
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Martinez-Trujillo
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Klier
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D019416:Head Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*