title: Infection, replication, and cytopathology of human papillomavirus type 31 in trophoblasts.
abstract: Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA is preferentially found in spontaneous abortions, specifically residing in trophoblasts, and transfected HPV-16 DNA replicates and produces progeny in 3A trophoblasts in culture. In this study 3A trophoblasts were shown to display both HPV receptors and infection by HPV-31b and HPV-6 virus resulted in de novo (increasing) HPV DNA replication in these cells (inhibited by neutralizing anti-HPV31b antibodies). Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis revealed that E1;E4, E6, and L1 were significantly expressed at days 5 (early) and 10 (late), respectively, and in situ immunocytochemistry verified L1 protein expression. Perhaps most important, HPV 31b virus infection caused both a decrease in 3A trophoblast cell numbers in a dose-dependent manner and a low trophoblast-endometrial cell adhesion (both inhibited by neutralizing anti-HPV-31 antibodies). These data further support the hypothesis that HPVs are fully active in trophoblasts and may cause some spontaneous abortions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham St, Little Rock, AR 72205, USA.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Nalini
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: C Krishna
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chiriva-Internati
authors.forename: Curtis L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lowery
authors.forename: Helen H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Kay
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Hermonat
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002452:Cell Count; D002460:Cell Line; D004261:DNA Replication; D006801:Humans; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000502:physiology*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D011991:Receptors, Virus