title: Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis of the abundance of virulent exoproteins of group A streptococcus caused by environmental changes.
abstract: Group A streptococci regulate the expression of virulence factors in response to environmental change. In order to investigate this mechanism, the growth of group A streptococci and the abundance of virulent exoprotein production in culture supernatant were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-D electrophoresis) under several culture conditions. Judging from alterations in their growth, group A streptococci were affected by various environmental stresses. Under high O(2) and low CO(2 )concentrations, streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin B (SpeB) and streptococcal pyrogenic exotoxin F (SpeF) significantly decreased, and the streptococcal inhibitor of complement (Sic) increased. At 30 degrees C, increases in endo-beta- N-acetylglucosaminidase (EndoS) and alpha-amylase were also detected, while at 41 degrees C EndoS became undetectable and SpeB and SpeF decreased. Sic, SpeF and mitogenic factor 3 (Mf3) decreased when cells were cultured in higher NaCl concentrations, and EndoS disappeared following culture of the cells in high glucose concentration. An increase in acid phosphatase and a decrease in several other proteins were detected when the cells were cultivated in high iron concentrations. These results suggest that group A streptococci have a versatile adaptation system that responds to several environmental stresses by altering the level of exoprotein production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Bacteriology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, 466-8550 Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Tadahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Torii
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimokata
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohta
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D017038:Mannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010100:Oxygen; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013696:Temperature; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000516:alpha-Amylases / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005098:Exotoxins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C097739:SIC protein, Streptococcus; C117980:SpeA protein, Streptococcus pyogenes; D037521:Virulence Factors; C027951:erythrogenic toxin; C083356:mitogenic factor, Streptococcus; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000516:alpha-Amylases; D017038:Mannosyl-Glycoprotein Endo-beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C042477:streptopain; D005947:Glucose; D010100:Oxygen