Introducing uninteresting tasks to children: a comparison of the effects of rewards and autonomy support.
Two experiments compared rewards and autonomy support as methods to promote children's self-regulation for an uninteresting vigilance task. Dependent measures were ratings of positive affect, perception of the task's value, and free-choice engagement. ANOVA results revealed some positive effects associated with autonomy support, whereas no effect for rewards was found in either study. The outcomes of most interest were correlations between free-choice behavior and self-reported measures of affect and value, reflecting the level of integration in self-regulation. As predicted by self-determination theory (Deci & Ryan, 1985, 1991, 2000), rewards were associated with behaviors incongruent from affect and value, whereas autonomy support led to integrated self-regulation. This finding was first detected in Study 1 and later replicated in Study 2. Together, these results point to autonomy support as a beneficial alternative to the common use of rewards.
Joussemet
Mireille
M
McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Koestner
Richard
R
Lekes
Natasha
N
Houlfort
Nathalie
N
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D026684:Personal Autonomy; D002666:Psychology, Child; D011792:Quebec; D012201:Reward; D012927:Social Control, Informal; D012951:Socialization