title: The challenges of informed consent for rapid HIV testing in labor.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although increasing attention has been focused on the adequacy of the informed consent process for participation in research studies, there has been little systematic evaluation of the process, particularly when consent is obtained in the labor and delivery setting. The Mother Infant Rapid Intervention at Delivery (MIRIAD) study is an ongoing multisite study initiated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) designed to evaluate the feasibility of offering 24-hour counseling and voluntary rapid HIV testing and antriretroviral therapy when indicated to women with unknown HIV status who are in labor.
  
  
  METHODS
  To address concerns about obtaining informed consent from women in labor, we have completed focus groups, conducted a pilot of the informed consent process among women in labor, developed flip-charts to enhance comprehension, and plan an ongoing evaluation of the informed consent process throughout the course of the MIRIAD study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the pilot study, approximately 70% of women were able to state in their own words the purpose and benefits of the research study. Substantially fewer women (25%) were able to state one or more risks of the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We hope that the MIRIAD study will make a valuable contribution by defining best approaches for informed consent and will provide guidance when it is necessary to obtain consent from laboring women for crucial interventions.
authors.affiliation: Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, NCHSTP, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. djamieson@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Denise J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jamieson
authors.forename: Mary Jo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maupin
authors.forename: Mardge
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Mayris P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Webber
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nesheim
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lampe
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bulterys
mesh_terms: D015492:AIDS Serodiagnosis; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D032882:Comprehension; D003376:Counseling; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000523:psychology*; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000523:psychology*; D018579:Patient Selection; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D035842:Research Subjects; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents