title: Hep Par 1 expression in carcinoma of the cervix: implications for diagnosis and prognosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency and pattern of Hep Par 1 expression in cervical carcinomas of various histological types and to correlate expression with prognostic parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty nine cervical carcinomas were analysed for tumour type, hepatoid and neuroendocrine differentiation, and vascular invasion. A semiquantitative analysis was performed for Hep Par 1, alpha fetoprotein, chromogranin, and synaptophysin immunoreactivity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hep Par 1 expression was seen in seven of the 29 cervical carcinomas (three of seven adenocarcinomas, one of 17 squamous cell carcinomas, one of two adenocarcinomas with adenocarcinoma in situ, one of two adenocarcinomas in situ, and one of one large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma with adenocarcinoma in situ). Normal looking endocervical epithelium was also positive in one case. Cases expressing Hep Par 1, with or without neuroendocrine coexpression, were associated with a higher rate of vascular invasion and a worse prognosis. Three of the five cases expressing neuroendocrine markers also coexpressed Hep Par 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hep Par 1 expression in carcinoma of the cervix is not uncommon and is present in a variety of histological types. Expression of this marker appears to be associated with more aggressive biological behaviour and a worse prognosis. The uterine cervix is another site that may express Hep Par 1 and hence the use of this antibody in situations of diagnostic difficulty, especially involving lesions within the liver, have to be coupled with the knowledge of the range of tissues it may stain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, National University of Singapore, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119074, Republic of Singapore. pattpt@nus.edu.sg
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Thamboo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wee
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002864:Chromogranins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011379:Prognosis; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002864:Chromogranins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins