title: Helicobacter pylori infection in hemodialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Studies on the relationship between high serum urea nitrogen, creatinine and Helicobacter pylori infection in hemodialysis patients still give conflicting results. In the present study we investigated the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori positivity in patients with hemodialysis [HD(+)] and without hemodialysis [HD(-)] and assessed the relationship between clinical factors, serum urea nitrogen, creatinine levels and Helicobacter pylori prevalence in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  117 patients with dyspeptic complaints were included in the study. They consisted of 36 HD(+) patients (31%) and 81 HD(-) patients (69%). Endoscopy was performed and gastric antral biopsies were obtained for immunohistochemical analysis for Helicobacter pylori in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Helicobacter pylori was positive in 53(45%) of 117 patients [Hp(+)]. In univariate analysis Hp(+) patients received hemodialysis therapy significantly less often (P = 0.002) and had lower serum urea nitrogen (P = 0.0008) and creatinine (P = 0.003) levels than Hp(-) patients. There was no significant difference in age, gender, endoscopic findings or comorbid conditions (hypertension or diabetes mellitus) between these groups. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that only the serum urea nitrogen level was significantly associated with Helicobacter pylori prevalence (P = 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that high serum urea nitrogen seems to correlate with a low prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection and hemodialysis patients with high serum urea nitrogen may be protected against Helicobacter pylori infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of First Surgery, Gunma University School of Medicine 3-39-22 Showamachi Maebashi, 371-8511 Japan. katukada@topaz.ocn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ojima
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukai
authors.forename: Masanobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Youichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuwano
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tsukada
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004382:Duodenitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine