title: Formation of meso, N-diphenylprotoporphyrin IX by an aerobic reaction of phenylhydrazine with oxyhemoglobins.
abstract: Administration of phenylhydrazine to rabbits resulted in the denaturation of hemoglobins in erythrocytes, causing the formation of intracellular precipitates known as Heinz bodies, severe hemolytic anemia, and reticulocytosis. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of the destabilization, we allowed human oxyhemoglobins to react aerobically with phenylhydrazine. After treatment with acetic acid/HCl and H2SO4/methanol, the chloroform extract contained blue-green pigments of major products accompanied by different minor products. Each product was isolated by column chromatography. By fast-atom-bombardment mass spectrometry (FAB-MS) and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectrometry, dimethyl esters of N-phenylprotoporphyrin IX and meso, N-diphenylprotoporphyrin IX were determined. Other major products also were determined to be dimethyl esters of triphenyl-and tetraphenyl-substituted protoporphyrins by FAB-MS. The formation of meso, N-diphenylprotoporphyrin indicated that the addition of a phenyl radical to the meso-carbon atom of the protoporphyrin ring occurred. Triphenyl and tetraphenyl adducts also indicated the formation of phenyl radicals in the aerobic reaction of phenylhydrazine with oxyhemoglobins. From these results, we suggest that the formation of phenyl radicals and the replacement of heme with phenyl-substituted protoporphyrins cause the destabilization of hemoglobins to induce Heinz bodies and hemolytic anemia with phenylhydrazine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kinuta
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Shuang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Shun-Ai
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinuta
mesh_terms: D000743:Anemia, Hemolytic / Q000139:chemically induced; D000818:Animals; D002845:Chromatography; D004951:Esterification; D005260:Female; D006366:Heinz Bodies; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010108:Oxyhemoglobins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010659:Phenylhydrazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011524:Protoporphyrins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D045262:Reticulocytosis; D016339:Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment
chemical_list: D010108:Oxyhemoglobins; D010659:Phenylhydrazines; D011524:Protoporphyrins; C487629:meso,N-diphenylprotoporphyrin IX; C030299:phenylhydrazine; C032609:N-phenylprotoporphyrin IX