title: Comparative physiology of postnatal developments of cardiopulmonary reflex.
abstract: We analyzed and compared the frequency components of the heart rate variability in human neonate, rat, white chicken, turtle, and frog during the developments. Frequency analysis with autocorrelation-FFT method was applied to the heart rate and respiration waves to calculate the respiration induced frequency component in the power spectra. The comparative analysis of the cardiopulmonary reflex in human and rat neonates resulted in a similar developmental progress. In case of human immature neonate, respiration induced frequency component in the heart rate variability was negligible at day-old 0, and significantly increased at postnatal 1 month. The rat neonates also showed no or negligible respiration induced components until days 8 and it became significant approximately postnatal 1 month. The white chicken also indicated negligible respiration induced component before and a few days after hatching, and became significant after 38 days-old (17 days post hatching). However the frog and the turtle indicated no clear response in entire periods of the development even in adult. The results strongly suggested that gravity may be a possible essential factor of the appearance of the post natal development of the cardiopulmonary reflex.
authors.affiliation: Fujita Health University School of Health Sciences, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagaoka
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bito
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Tadayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Junpei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002645:Chickens; D015509:Developmental Biology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007814:Larva; D010828:Physiology, Comparative; D011892:Rana catesbeiana; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012119:Respiration; D014426:Turtles