title: Cytomorphology and histomorphology after thermal endometrial ablation. Early changes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endometrial thermal balloon ablation is a recent technique for treatment of dysfunctional uterine bleeding. Although the histologic features of thermal injury to the endometrium have been documented, the cytologic features are not described in the literature. In this study, the cytomorphology of recent thermal injury was studied and correlated with histomorphology.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study consisted of 29 cases divided into 3 groups: (1) control group, hysterectomies without ablation; (2) specimen (in vitro) group, where ablation was carried out on the uteri in the immediate postoperative period; and (3) in vivo group, with intraoperative endometrial ablation. The cytotoxic effect of thermal injury was assessed by staining the smears for oxidative enzymes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cytomorphologic features of in vivo thermal ablation were characteristic and composed of fragmented glands, numerous single cells with fuzzy cytoplasm and giant cells. Staining for dehydrogenases was absent from > 90% of endometrial cells in the in vivo cases as against 100% positivity in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cytomorphologic features described for the first time in this study can be applied to endometrial aspirate or brush smears to evaluate the efficacy of the technique and follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University College of Medical Science, Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Shahdra, Delhi-110095, India. dbmi@ucms.ernet.in
authors.forename: Kiran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Varsha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Manucha
authors.forename: Rinku
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sengupta
authors.forename: Kishore
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Neera
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aggarwal
mesh_terms: D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004564:Electrocoagulation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D014592:Uterine Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D010088:Oxidoreductases