title: Glucocorticoid treatment down-regulates chemokine expression of bacterial cholangitis in cholestatic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Postoperative cholangitis is common after operation for biliary atresia. Empirical pulse therapy with glucocorticoid is effective in reversing some detrimental clinical manifestations, but the rationale for such a therapy still is not substantiated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male rats were divided into groups according to the treatment: sterile normal saline (NS) or Escherichia coli (EC, 1 mL containing 10(8) cells of ATCC 25922 strain), 1 mL, were infused into the proximal choledochostomy (PC) tube 2 weeks after ligation of the PC tube (bile duct ligation, BDL), then immediate tube-tube choledocho-choledochostomy (biliary drainage, BD) was constructed. A high dose of dexamethasone (DEX, intraperitoneal injection; 2 mg/kg of body weight) was given after BD in treatment groups. Histopathology of the liver, as well as liver chemokine mRNA expression and serum chemokine levels, were studied 24 hours after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inflammatory cell infiltration to the liver was retarded with DEX treatment, which was correlated with a significantly lower expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) mRNA in the liver (P =.006). Serum IL-8 and MCP-1 levels were also significantly down-regulated with DEX treatment (P = 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glucocorticoid treatment is effective in modulating IL-8 and MCP-1 expression and ameliorating inflammatory cell infiltration in rat liver with bacterial cholangitis and cholestasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital & Change Gung University, Naio-Sung Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Sung
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Chao-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Li-Tung
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yi-Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Ming-Huei
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Jiin-Haur
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chuang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D001656:Biliary Atresia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D002761:Cholangitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D016209:Interleukin-8; D003907:Dexamethasone