title: Screening and typing of Patagonian wine yeasts for glycosidase activities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to select autochthonous glycosidase producer yeasts with potential use in industrial production of Patagonian red wines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study was carried out in oenological autochthonous yeasts from Comahue region (Argentinean North Patagonia). A set of screenable yeast phenotypic characteristics indicative of their potential usefulness in more aromatic red wine production was defined and tested in both, Saccharomyces and non-Saccharomyces populations. Twelve isolates showing six different glycosidase phenotypes were selected and they were characterized at species and strain levels using molecular methods. A close correlation between molecular and phenotypic characteristics was observed. Five strains belonging to Candida guilliermondii, C. pulcherrima and Kloeckera apiculata with highest constitutive beta-glucosidase activity levels without anthocyanase activity were discriminated. Some of them also showed constitutive beta-xylosidase and inductive alpha-rhamnosidase activities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extension of the selection of oenological yeast to non-Saccharomyces species provided strains possessing novel and interesting oenological characteristics which could have significant implications in the production of more aromatic young red wine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As these non-Saccharomyces are indigenous to wine, they can be used in mixed starters at the beginning or as pure cultures at the end fermentation to contribute in enhancing the wine nuance that is typical of this specific area.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Microbiología y Biotecnología, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional del Comahue, Neuquén, Argentina.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Broock
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valles
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ramón
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Caballero
mesh_terms: D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D005285:Fermentation; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007218:Industrial Microbiology; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013030:Spain; D014920:Wine / Q000382:microbiology*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases