title: Liquid chromatographic/electrospray ionization mass spectrometric studies of proanthocyanidins in foods.
abstract: The proanthocyanidins in three foods (pinto beans, plums and cinnamon) were studied with electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry (MS) in the negative mode following separation by normal-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The MS/MS analysis demonstrated that the major ions derived from heterocyclic ring fission and retro-Diels-Alder reaction of flavan-3-ol provided information about the hydroxylation pattern and type of interflavan bond. The connection sequence of the oligomers was identified through diagnostic ions derived from quinone methide (QM) cleavage of the interflavan bond. Novel heterogeneous B-type proanthocyanidins containing (epi)afzelechin as subunits were identified in pinto beans. Proanthocyanidins with interestingly different A-type linkages were identified in plums and cinnamon. In efforts aimed at extending the identification capacity of ESI-MS to polymers, we found that the polymeric procyanidins fragmented readily instead of forming multiply charged ions in the negative ESI mode. Fragmentation patterns were proposed based on our data obtained by ESI-MS/MS and ESI time-of-flight MS.
authors.affiliation: Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center, 1120 Marshall Street, Little Rock, Arkansas 72202, USA.
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kelm
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Hammerstone
authors.forename: Ze
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beecher
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Haytowitz
authors.forename: Ronald L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Prior
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D002935:Cinnamomum zeylanicum / Q000737:chemistry; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000032:analysis*; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C013221:proanthocyanidin