title: Electroosmotic enhancement of the binding of a neutral molecule to a transmembrane pore.
abstract: The flux of solvent water coupled to the transit of ions through protein pores is considerable. The effect of this electroosmotic solvent flow on the binding of a neutral molecule [beta-cyclodextrin (betaCD)] to sites within the staphylococcal alpha-hemolysin pore was investigated. Mutant alpha-hemolysin pores were used to which betaCD can bind from either entrance and through which the direction of water flow can be controlled by choosing the charge selectivity of the pore and the polarity of the applied potential. The Kd values for betaCD for individual mutant pores varied by >100-fold with the applied potential over a range of -120 to +120 mV. In all cases, the signs of the changes in binding free energy and the influence of potential on the association and dissociation rate constants for betaCD were consistent with an electroosmotic effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, Texas A&M University System Health Science Center, College Station, TX 77843-1114, USA.
authors.forename: Li-Qun
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cheley
authors.forename: Hagan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bayley
mesh_terms: D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000737:chemistry*; D001665:Binding Sites; D003505:Cyclodextrins / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009995:Osmosis; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000737:chemistry; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013210:Staphylococcus; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D003505:Cyclodextrins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; C021091:staphylococcal alpha-toxin; C031215:betadex