title: Enhancing rice resistance to fungal pathogens by transformation with cell wall degrading enzyme genes from Trichoderma atroviride.
abstract: Three genes encoding for fungal cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs), ech42, nag70 and gluc78 from the biocontrol fungus Trichoderma atroviride were inserted into the binary vector pCAMBIA1305.2 singly and in all possible combinations and transformed to rice plants. More than 1800 independently regenerated plantlets in seven different populations (for each of the three genes and each of the four gene combinations) were obtained. The ech42 gene encoding for an endochitinase increased resistance to sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani, while the exochitinase-encoding gene, nag70, had lesser effect. The expression level of endochitinase but exochitinase was correlated with disease resistance. Nevertheless, exochitinase enhanced the effect of endochitinase on disease resistance when the two genes co-expressed in transgenics. Resistance to Magnaporthe grisea was found in all kinds of regenerated plants including that with single gluc78. A few lines expressing either ech42 or nag70 gene were immune to the disease. Transgenic plants are being tested to further evaluate disease resistance at field level. This is the first report of multiple of expression of genes encoding CWDEs from Trichoderma atroviride that result in resistance to blast and sheath blight in rice.
authors.affiliation: College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, China.
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zong-xiu
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Gary E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Harman
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lorito
mesh_terms: D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002688:Chitinases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D024861:Genetic Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D043326:Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology*; D012275:Oryza / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000201:enzymology / Q000382:microbiology; D015202:Protein Engineering / Q000379:methods; D014170:Transformation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002688:Chitinases; D043326:Glucan 1,3-beta-Glucosidase; C117648:beta-1,3-exoglucanase