Multiple trauma and scapula fractures: so what?
BACKGROUND Scapula fractures are rare and are presumed to indicate severe underlying trauma. We studied injury patterns and overall outcome in patients with multiple injuries with scapula fractures.


METHODS
We carried out a retrospective review of patients with multiple injuries (Injury Severity Score [ISS] > or = 16) with chest and musculoskeletal injuries admitted to our institution between 1993 and 1999 to investigate whether the presence of a scapula fracture is a marker of increased morbidity and mortality.


RESULTS
There were 1,164 patients admitted with multiple trauma. Seventy-nine (6.8%) of the 1,164 sustained a scapula fracture, forming the study group. The remainder of the patients (n = 1,085) formed the control group of the study. Both groups of patients were similar with regard to age and Glasgow Coma Scale score (age, 42 +/- 17.8 [+/- SD] vs. 40 +/- 22; GCS score, 11.2 +/- 5.1 vs. 11 +/- 5 in the study and control groups, respectively). The overall ISS was significantly higher in those with scapula fractures (27.12 +/- 15.13 vs. 22.8 +/- 14.4, p = 0.01). Patients with scapula fractures also had more severe chest injuries (Abbreviated Injury Scale score of 3.46 +/- 1.1 vs. 3.1 +/- 1.0, respectively), but not significantly so. However, the incidence of rib fractures was significantly higher in the patients with scapula fractures (p < 0.05). The incidence and severity of head and abdominal injuries were similar in the two groups. The severity of extremity injuries in patients with scapula fractures was significantly lower (2.4 +/- 0.6 vs. 2.7 +/- 0.7, p = 0.001). The rate of admission, the length of intensive care unit stay, and the overall length of hospital stay were similar in the two groups. The overall mortality rate was 11.4% in patients with scapula fractures and 20% in those without scapula fractures (p = 0.1).


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with scapula fractures have more severe underlying chest injuries and overall ISS. However, this did not correlate with a higher rate of intensive therapy unit admission, length of hospital stay, or mortality.
Veysi
Veysi T
VT
Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics, St James' University Hospital, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Mittal
Rajnish
R
Agarwal
Sanjeev
S
Dosani
Anis
A
Giannoudis
Peter V
PV
D015998:Abbreviated Injury Scale; D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015897:Comorbidity; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012540:Scapula / Q000293:injuries*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016896:Treatment Outcome