title: Gastroesophageal reflux disease and Helicobacter pylori infection in neurologically impaired children: inter-relations and therapeutic implications.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this retrospective study was to assess the relationship between Helicobacter pylori infection and gastroesophageal reflux disease in a high-risk population of children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-three neurologically impaired pediatric patients with H. pylori had upper gastrointestinal endoscopy between 1990 and 2000. Infection was confirmed by positive H. pylori culture or by identification of organisms in gastric biopsy specimens (fundus, n = 2; antrum, n = 3). Reflux esophagitis was diagnosed by ulceration of the esophageal mucosa at endoscopy. Four to 6 weeks after the completion of antibiotic treatment of H. pylori, a second endoscopy was performed and the gross appearance of the esophagus was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the first endoscopy, esophagitis was noted in 14 of 43 patients. After treatment, H. pylori infection was eradicated in all 14 patients with esophagitis but in only 19 of 29 (66%) of those with normal esophagus (P = 0.01). Esophagitis was still present in 4 of 14 (29%) patients who had esophagitis at the first endoscopy. Persistent esophagitis was only related to the presence of esophagitis before treatment (P = 0.02). In 29 patients with a normal esophagus at the first endoscopy, only one case of esophagitis was observed after H. pylori eradication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that treatment of H. pylori infection should be considered in children with concomitant GERD, and such treatment is unlikely to either induce or exacerbate peptic esophagitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Paediatrics, Lille University Children's Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, France.
authors.forename: Séverine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pollet
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gottrand
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kalach
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guimber
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turck
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004942:Esophagitis, Peptic / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents