title: Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: E7070, a sulfonamide anticancer agent, potently inhibits cytosolic isozymes I and II, and transmembrane, tumor-associated isozyme IX.
abstract: E7070 [N-(3-chloro-7-indolyl)-1,4-benzenedisulfonamide] is an anticancer drug candidate under clinical development for the treatment of several types of cancers. We prove here that this compound also acts as a potent carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor. Similarly to the clinically used drugs acetazolamide, methazolamide and topiramate, E7070 showed inhibition constants in the range of 15-31nM against isozymes I, II and IX, being slightly less effective as a CA IV inhibitor (K(i) of 65nM). The X-ray crystal structure of the adduct of hCA II with E7070 revealed unprecedented interactions between the inhibitor and the active site, with three different conformations of the chloroindole fragment of the inhibitor interacting with different amino acid residues/water molecules of the enzyme. A superimposition of these conformations with those of other sulfonamide/sulfamate CA inhibitors indicated that similar regions of the hCA II active site could be involved in the interaction with inhibitors.
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Dipartimento di Chimica, Laboratorio di Chimica Bioinorganica, Via della Lastruccia 3, Rm. 188, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abbate
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casini
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Owa
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scozzafava
authors.forename: Claudiu T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Supuran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D003600:Cytosol / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; C439829:N-(3-chloro-7-indolyl)-1,4-benzenedisulphonamide; D013449:Sulfonamides; D024401:Carbonic Anhydrase I; D024402:Carbonic Anhydrase II; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases