title: Long-term effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy in patients with refractory heart failure and "narrow" QRS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) in patients with refractory heart failure (HF) and incomplete left bundle branch block ("narrow" QRS), together with echocardiographic evidence of interventricular and intraventricular asynchrony.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Cardiac resynchronization therapy has been proven effective in patients with HF and wide QRS by ameliorating contraction asynchrony.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two patients with severe HF received biventricular pacing. The patients were eligible in the presence of echocardiographic evidence of interventricular and intraventricular asynchrony, regardless of QRS duration. The patient population was divided into group 1 (n = 38), with a QRS duration >120 ms, and group 2 (n = 14), with a QRS duration < or =120 ms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The baseline parameters considered in the study were similar in both groups. At follow-up, CRT determined narrowing of the QRS interval in the entire population and in group 1 (p < 0.001), whereas a small increase in QRS duration was observed in group 2 (p = NS); in all patients and within groups, we observed improvement of New York Heart Association functional class (p < 0.001 in all), left ventricular ejection fraction (p < 0.001 in all), left ventricular end-diastolic and end-systolic diameter (p < 0.05 within groups), mitral regurgitation area (p < 0.001 in all), interventricular delay (p < 0.001 in all), and deceleration time (group 1: p < 0.001, group 2: p < 0.05), with no significant difference between groups. The 6-min walking test improved in both groups (group 1: p < 0.001; group 2: p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac resynchronization therapy determined clinical and functional benefit that was similar in patients with wide or "narrow" QRS. Cardiac resynchronization therapy may be helpful in patients with echocardiographic evidence of interventricular and intraventricular asynchrony and incomplete left bundle branch block.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Department, Belcolle Hospital, Viterbo, Italy.aachilli@libero.it
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Achilli
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sassara
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ficili
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pontillo
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Achilli
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alessi
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Spirito
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.forename: Nicolino
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patruno
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Serra
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002037:Bundle-Branch Block / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors