title: Intraoperative cytologic diagnosis of sentinel node metastases in breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To clarify the usefulness of imprint cytology for intraoperative investigations of sentinel lymph nodes in breast cancer, comparing the results with those of examinations using frozen and permanent sections.
  
  
  METHODS
  The material consisted of 303 sentinel lymph nodes from 124 cases of clinically node negative breast cancer. Touch imprint cytologic slides and frozen sections were obtained from the same cut surface of the sentinel nodes. Correlations with the final histopathologic results in paraffin sections were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of imprint cytology were 70.3%, 99.6% and 96.0%, and those of frozen sections were 83.8%, 100%, 98.0%, respectively. The values were improved when the 2 methods were combined (89.2%, 99.6%, 98.3%), though the concordance between imprint cytology and frozen section was 91.9%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both imprint cytology and frozen section are useful for evaluating sentinel lymph node status in breast cancer. However, the 2 techniques should be combined to improve the diagnostic sensitivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-0856, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagashima
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagata
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nikaido
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Horiuchi
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koda
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001365:Axilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003584:Cytological Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008867:Microtomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D016612:Paraffin Embedding / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data