title: IL-12 enhances protective immunity in mice engendered by immunization with recombinant 14 kDa Schistosoma mansoni fatty acid-binding protein through an IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha dependent pathway.
abstract: Herein, we tested the ability of IL-12 to enhance protection induced by recombinant Sm14 (rSm14). Mice immunization with three doses of 25 microg of rSm14 was able to induce 25% of protection in mice against challenge. However, co-administration of exogenous IL-12 enhanced protective immunity engendered by rSm14 from 25 to 42.2%. Higher levels of IgG2a and TNF-alpha were observed in mice immunized with rSm14 plus IL-12 compared to animals vaccinated with rSm14 alone. Regarding other cytokines, significant amounts of IFN-gamma were measured in splenocyte culture supernatants of rSm14/IL-12 or rSm14 vaccinated mice and no IL-4 was detected. In an attempt to determine the role of IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha in IL-12 induced immunity, IFN-gamma and TNFR-p55 knockout mice were immunized with rSm14/IL-12 and no protection was achieved. Therefore, protection induced by rSm14/IL-12 was shown to be dependent on endogenous IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha. Although, rSm14 immunization induced partial protection, reduction of hepatic granuloma area was only observed when IL-12 was co-administered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Immunology, Institute for Investigation in Immunology-Millenium Institute, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 30161970 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Cristina T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Cristiana F A
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Brito
authors.forename: José B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: Sergio C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000071438:Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D005260:Female; D006099:Granuloma / Q000473:pathology; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D007114:Immunization; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000502:physiology*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000276:immunology*; D012555:Schistosomiasis mansoni / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D016207:Cytokines; C082667:Fabp5 protein, mouse; C086936:Fabp7 protein, mouse; D000071438:Fatty Acid-Binding Protein 7; D050556:Fatty Acid-Binding Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma