title: Decision-making in clinical nursing: investigating contributing factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This article describes the results of a study which investigated the contextual factors influencing clinical decision-making. Education and experience have been suggested by some as having a positive effect on clinical decision-making, and have been listed as being of high importance. Values, knowledge, clinical setting and stress have also been identified as being important to decision-making, with various rankings given by different researchers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study was undertaken to determine relationships between occupational orientation (value to role), educational level, experience, area of practice, level of appointment, age and clinical decision-making in Australian nurses. The predictive ability of each factor on clinical decision-making was determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  This correlational study examined Australian nurses' decision-making about some common nursing interventions and 'occupational orientation', educational level, experience, level of appointment, area of clinical speciality and age. A model was constructed using stepwise selection regression to predict the 'weight' of each variable in clinical decision-making.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Education and experience were not significantly related to decision-making. The factor that accounted for the greatest variability to clinical decision-making was holding a professional occupational orientation, followed by level of appointment, area of clinical speciality, and age in that order.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to other studies, experience and educational level were not found to influence decision-making strongly, the value of role was the most significant predictor. The model developed, however, only accounted for a low amount of variability in decision-making. The findings indicate that there are other factors affecting clinical decision-making that still require identification.
authors.affiliation: University of Technology, Sydney, Australia. kerry.hoffman@newcastle.edu.au
authors.forename: Kerry
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Donoghue
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duffield
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003657:Decision Making; D004506:Education, Nursing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009726:Nurses / Q000523:psychology; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000592:standards*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013041:Specialties, Nursing