title: Role of beta-cell prohormone convertase (PC)1/3 in processing of pro-islet amyloid polypeptide.
abstract: Islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) (amylin), the major component of islet amyloid, is produced by cleavage at the COOH- and NH(2)-termini of its precursor, proIAPP, likely by the beta-cell prohormone convertases (PC) 1/3 and PC2. Mice lacking PC2 can process proIAPP at its COOH- but not its NH(2)-terminal cleavage site, suggesting that PC1/3 is capable of initiating proIAPP cleavage at its COOH-terminus. To determine the precise role of PC1/3 in proIAPP processing, Western blot analysis was performed on islets isolated from mice lacking PC1/3 (PC1/3(-/-)). These islets contained not only fully processed IAPP as in PC1/3(+/+) islets, but also elevated levels of a COOH-terminally unprocessed intermediate form, suggesting impaired processing at the COOH-terminus. Next, GH3 cells that do not normally express proIAPP or detectable levels of PC1/3 or PC2 were cotransduced with adenoviruses expressing rat proIAPP and either PC2 or PC1/3. As expected, in GH3 cells transduced to express only proIAPP, no processing was observed. Coexpression of proIAPP and PC2 resulted in production of mature IAPP, whereas in cells that coexpressed proIAPP and PC1/3 only a 6-kDa intermediate was produced. We conclude that PC1/3 is important for processing of proIAPP at the COOH-terminus, but in its absence, PC2 can initiate complete processing of proIAPP to IAPP by cleaving the precursor at either its NH(2)- or COOH-terminal cleavage sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine & British Columbia Research Institute for Children's and Women's Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marzban
authors.forename: Genny
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trigo-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Xiaorong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: Philippe A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Halban
authors.forename: Donald F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: C Bruce
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Verchere
mesh_terms: D000682:Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D045664:Proprotein Convertase 1 / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; C422904:pro-islet amyloid polypeptide; D045664:Proprotein Convertase 1