title: Antitumor therapy with bacterial DNA and toxin: complete regression of established tumor induced by liposomal CpG oligodeoxynucleotides plus interleukin-13 cytotoxin.
abstract: Despite urgent need, no single strategy has been widely effective at controlling the growth of rapidly progressive solid tumors. We demonstrate here a potent antitumor therapy using modified bacterial DNA and toxin. Treatment of human head and neck cancer established as xenografts in athymic mice with immunostimulatory CpG oligodeoxynucleotides encapsulated in sterically stabilized cationic liposome [(CpG ODN)(SSCL)] and recombinant interleukin-13 Pseudomonas exotoxin (IL13-PE) significantly reduced the tumor growth followed by complete regression in most animals. The antitumor activity of (CpG ODN)(SSCL) was dependent on natural killer cells that infiltrated within tumors. Interestingly, IL13-PE enhanced (CpG ODN)(SSCL)-induced natural killer cell activity and cytokine production in vivo and in vitro. These data strongly suggest that a combination of innate immune activation by (CpG ODN)(SSCL) and tumor-directed targeting by IL13-PE is a novel approach for human cancer immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation Research, United States Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. kenishii@biken.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ken J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Ihsan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gursel
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Conover
authors.forename: Bharat H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Dennis M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Klinman
authors.forename: Raj K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Puri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018899:CpG Islands; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007167:Immunotherapy; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D010641:Phenotype; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C408982:CPG-oligonucleotide; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D018793:Interleukin-13; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D009841:Oligonucleotides