title: Two cases of "fulminant" type 1 diabetes suggesting involvement of autoimmunity.
abstract: Recently, a novel subtype of type 1 diabetes, so-called fulminant type 1 diabetes, has been proposed. One of the characteristics of this subtype is the absence of detectable "islet-associated" autoantibody, so it was originally proposed as being "nonautoimmune-mediated"; however, it has not yet been concluded whether autoimmunity is involved. We have previously shown that serum interferon-inducible protein-10 and glutamic acid decarboxylase-reactive CD4(+) interferon-gamma-producing cells in the peripheral blood are good markers for T cell-mediated autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes. Here, we report two cases of fulminant type 1 diabetes in which these markers were detected and in which the involvement of islet-associated autoimmunity is suggested.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: Jun-ichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Toshikatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shigihara
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsumura
authors.forename: Shosaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narumi
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saruta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D015551:Autoimmunity; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10 / Q000097:blood; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D007527:Isoenzymes; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase; C401141:glutamate decarboxylase 2