title: Microtensile bond strength of eleven contemporary adhesives to enamel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the microtensile bond strength (microTBS) to enamel of 10 contemporary adhesives, including three one-step self-etch systems, four two-step self-etch systems and three two-step total-etch systems, with that of a conventional three-step total-etch adhesive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Resin composite (Z100, 3M) was bonded to flat, #600-grit wet-sanded enamel surfaces of 18 extracted human third molars using the adhesives strictly according to the respective manufacturer's instructions. After storage overnight in 37 degrees C water, the bonded specimens were sectioned into 2-4 thin slabs of approximately 1 mm thickness and 2.5 mm width. They were then trimmed into an hourglass shape with an interface area of approximately 1 mm2, and subsequently subjected to microTBS-testing with a cross-head speed of 1 mm/minute.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The microTBS to enamel varied from 3.2 MPa for the experimental one-step self-etch adhesive PQ/Universal (self-etch) to 43.9 MPa for the two-step total-etch adhesive Scotchbond 1. When compared with the conventional three-step total-etch adhesive OptiBond FL, the bond strengths of most adhesives with simplified application procedures were not significantly different, except for two one-step self-etch adhesives, experimental PQ/Universal (self-etch) and One-up Bond F, that showed lower bond strengths. Specimen failures during sample preparation were recorded for the latter adhesives as well.
authors.affiliation: Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Marcos A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lambrechts
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vanherle
authors.forename: Hidehiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van Meerbeek
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008298:Maleates / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C420130:Excite cement; D008298:Maleates; D008689:Methacrylates; C446260:One-Up-Bond F; C469607:OptiBond FL; C119199:PermaQuik; C408584:Prompt L-Pop; D019279:Resin Cements; C407402:Unifil Bond; C083568:Z100 composite resin; C444699:non-rinse conditioner; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C041330:Scotchbond; D015040:Zirconium