Follow-up strategies and management of recurrence in urologic oncology bladder cancer: invasive bladder cancer.
A surveillance program following cystectomy should consider a patient's individual risk for the development of local and distant recurrences and any specific needs related to the urinary tract reconstruction performed (Table 1). Well-documented recurrence patterns following cystectomy are available from many large surgical series and provide the background information needed for tailoring follow-up based on pathologic criteria. Economic issues also must be considered, given that the health care-related expenses of treating and following patients with bladder cancer is twice as much as that expended for the treatment of prostate cancer. Because of the ever-increasing fiscal constraints placed on clinicians, risk-adjusted follow-up strategies are reasonable, but will require prospective evaluation to validate their appropriateness.
Bochner
Bernard H
BH
Department of Urology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 1275 York Avenue, Kimmel Bldg., New York, NY 10021, USA. bochnerb@mskcc.org
Montie
James E
JE
Lee
Cheryl T
CT
D015653:Cystectomy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D014547:Urinary Diversion