[Activities of antimicrobial agents against 8,474 clinical isolates obtained from 37 medical institutions during 2000 in Japan].
A survey was conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobial agents against 8,474 clinical isolates obtained from 37 Japanese medical institutions in 2000. A total of 25 antimicrobial agents were used, comprising 4 fluoroquinolones, 13 beta-lactams, minocycline, chloramphenicol, clarithromycin, azithromycin, gentamicin, amikacin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim, and vancomycin. A high resistance rate of over 85% against fluoroquinolones was exhibited by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Enterococcus faecium. Isolates showing resistance to fluoroquinolones among methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Enterococcus faecalis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from UTI accounted for 30-60%. However, many of the common pathogens were still susceptible to fluoroquinolones, such as Streptococcus pneumoniae (including penicillin-resistant isolates), Streptococcus pyogenes, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), methicillin-susceptible coagulase-negative Staphylococci, Moraxella catarrhalis, the Enterobacteriaceae family, and Haemophilus influenzae (including ampicillin-resistant isolates). About 85% of P. aeruginosa isolated from RTI were susceptible to fluoroquinolones. In conclusion, this survey of sensitivity to antimicrobial agents clearly indicated trend for increasing resistance to fluoroquinolones among MRSA, Enterococci, and P. aeruginosa isolated from UTI, although fluoroquinolones are still effective against other organisms and P. aeruginosa from RTI as has been demonstrated in previous studies.
Yamaguchi
Keizo
K
Department of Microbiology, Toho University School of Medicine.
Ohno
Akira
A
Kashitani
Fusako
F
Iwata
Morihiro
M
Kanda
Makoto
M
Tsujio
Yoshiko
Y
Sugiyama
Tatsuro
T
Toyoshima
Shunkoh
S
Kato
Jun
J
Watanabe
Naoki
N
Kaku
Mitsuo
M
Kanemitsu
Keiji
K
Kunishima
Hiroyuki
H
Kawaguchi
Hideaki
H
Okada
Jun
J
Shimoyama
Norihiko
N
Igari
Jun
J
Oguri
Toyoko
T
Kaimori
Mitsuomi
M
Watanabe
Kiyoaki
K
Kobayashi
Yoshio
Y
Uchida
Hiroshi
H
Katayama
Yosei
Y
Sugimoto
Kumiko
K
Tashiro
Hiromi
H
Kanno
Harushige
H
Yasujima
Minoru
M
Itoh
Kouichi
K
Suwabe
Akira
A
Obata
Ritsuko
R
Okada
Masahiko
M
Kobayashi
Sugako
S
Tsuzimura
Masayuki
M
Itoh
Akira
A
Sumitomo
Midori
M
Taminato
Tomohiko
T
Negayama
Kiyoshi
K
Baba
Hisashi
H
Makino
Hideichi
H
Murase
Mitsuharu
M
Miyamoto
Hitoshi
H
Minakuchi
Kazue
K
Ishigo
Shiomi
S
Takii
Masahide
M
Horii
Toshinobu
T
Ono
Junko
J
Takata
Tohru
T
Yamanaka
Kiyoharu
K
Hamazaki
Naotaka
N
Tsutsui
Toshiharu
T
Okabe
Hidetoshi
H
Tatewaki
Kenichi
K
Moro
Kunihiko
K
Hiramatsu
Kazufumi
K
Saikawa
Tetsunori
T
Ichiyama
Satoshi
S
Nagasawa
Zenzou
Z
Aoki
Yousuke
Y
Matsushima
Toshiharu
T
Niki
Yoshihito
Y
Hirakata
Yoichi
Y
Kohno
Sigeru
S
Kuwabara
Masao
M
Nakagawa
Keiichi
K
Kageoka
Takeshi
T
Hongo
Toshiharu
T
Yamane
Nobuhisa
N
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001424:Bacterial Infections; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D016946:Gram-Negative Aerobic Rods and Cocci / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006095:Gram-Positive Cocci / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D013997:Time Factors
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones