title: Genotypic resistance of antiretroviral drugs among drug-naive HIV type 1 patients with the background of long-term access-easy zidovudine therapy.
abstract: The prevalence of transmitted resistance to antiretroviral drugs varies geographically, with little known about this effect in Asia. In Korea, zidovudine has been widely administered, without charge, through the National AIDS program since the early 1990s; with other potent antiretroviral agents also being introduced in the late 1990s. An analysis of the drug susceptibility to antiretroviral drugs was performed by genotyping of the drug-resistant mutations in HIV on plasma samples from 50 HIV-infected patients who had received no treatment, between February 1998 and November 2002, which was interpreted according to the consensus guidelines of the International AIDS Society-USA panel. The median CD4 cell count was 100 cells/mm3; the mean plasma RNA level was (5.19 +/- 0.56) log copies per milliliter. Of the 50 subjects tested 4 (8.0%) had one or more major drug-resistance mutation. The prevalence of resistance to multiple classes of drugs was 2.0%. No mutations, associated with resistance to non nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, were identified. Resistant mutations of the reverse-transcriptase gene were found at codons 67, 70, 118, 215, and 219, and a resistant mutation of the protease gene was found only at codon 46 (2.6%, 1 of 39). There was an 8.0% prevalence of primary drug resistance to antiretroviral drugs in Korean patients infected with HIV-1.
authors.affiliation: Departmetn of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hong Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Young Ju
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Nam Jung
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myoung Don
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Kang Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Choe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015995:Prevalence; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013997:Time Factors; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D015215:Zidovudine; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease