title: Rifampicin attenuates brain damage in focal ischemia.
abstract: Rifampicin is an antibacterial agent that is widely used in tuberculosis and leprosy therapy. Interestingly, some experimental studies indicate that rifampicin acts as a hydroxyl radical scavenger and a glucocorticoid receptor activator. In this study, the neuroprotective effect of rifampicin was evaluated after transient and permanent focal cerebral ischemia. Anaesthetized male C57BL/6j mice were submitted to permanent or transient thread occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCA). Reperfusion in transient ischemia was initiated 30 min later by thread retraction. Rifampicin or vehicle were applied intraperitoneally before permanent or immediately after 30 min of transient ischemia. Later, 24 h after permanent or transient ischemia, animals were re-anesthetized and decapitated. Brain injury was evaluated by triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining (TTC), terminal transferase biotinylated-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) and cresyl violet staining. A 20-mg/kg sample of rifampicin showed a significant neuroprotection after cerebral ischemia. The number of TUNEL-positive cells in the striatum, where disseminated tissue injury was observed, was also reduced by application of rifampicin as compared with vehicle-treated animals. The present report shows that administration of rifampicin efficiently reduces brain injury after permanent and transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Dokuz Eylül, TR-35340, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Burak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yulug
authors.forename: Ulkan
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.forename: Ertugrul
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bähr
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling / Q000379:methods; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D015424:Reperfusion / Q000379:methods; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; C009591:triphenyltetrazolium; D012293:Rifampin