title: Synthesis and characterization of polyurethane and poly(ether urethane) nanocapsules using a new technique of interfacial polycondensation combined to spontaneous emulsification.
abstract: Polyurethane polymers and poly(ether urethane) copolymers were chosen as drug carriers for alpha-tocopherol. This active ingredient is widely used as a strong antioxidant in many medical and cosmetic applications, but is rapidly degraded, because of its light, heat and oxygen sensitivity. Polyurethane and poly(ether urethane)-based nanocapsules were synthesized by interfacial reaction between two monomers. Interfacial polycondensation combined with spontaneous emulsification is a new technique for nanoparticles formation. Nanocapsules were characterized by studying particle size (150-500 nm), pH, yield of encapsulation and morphologies. Polyurethanes (PUR) were obtained from the condensation of diisocyanate (isophorone diisocyanate: IPDI) and polyol: 1,2-ethanediol (EG), 1,4-butanediol (BD), 1,6-hexanediol (HD). Poly(ether urethane) copolymers were obtained by replacing diols by polyethylene glycol oligomers (PEG) M(w) 200, 300, 400 and 600. Molecular weights of di- and polyols have a considerable influence on nanocapsules characteristics cited above. The increase of molecular weight of polyols tends to increase the mean size of nanocapsules from (232+/-3)nm using EG to (615+/-39)nm using PEG 600, and led to the apparition of a population of agglomerate particles. We also noted that the yield of encapsulation increases with the increase of polyol length (from 85.6 to 92.2% w/w). Microscopic observations confirmed particle size analysis, but cannot predict the membrane structure owing the small size of the particles.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Automatique et de Génie des Procédés, UMR-CNRS 5007 CPE Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, F-69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France. bouchemal@lagep.cpe.fr
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bouchemal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Briançon
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Perrier
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fessi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bonnet
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zydowicz
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D002214:Capsules; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004655:Emulsions; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008970:Molecular Weight; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010316:Particle Size; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002214:Capsules; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004655:Emulsions; D011140:Polyurethanes; D012997:Solvents; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C115016:polyetherurethane; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol