title: Effects of vaccine strain mutations in domain V of the internal ribosome entry segment compared in the wild type poliovirus type 1 context.
abstract: Initiation of poliovirus (PV) protein synthesis is governed by an internal ribosome entry segment structured into several domains including domain V, which is accepted to be important in PV neurovirulence because it harbors an attenuating mutation in each of the vaccine strains developed by A. Sabin. To better understand how these single point mutations exert their effects, we placed each of them into the same genomic context, that of PV type 1. Only the mutation equivalent to the Sabin type 3 strain mutation resulted in significantly reduced viral growth both in HeLa and neuroblastoma cells. This correlated with poor translation efficiency in vitro and could be explained by a structural perturbation of the domain V of the internal ribosome entry segment, as evidenced by RNA melting experiments. We demonstrated that reduced cell death observed during infection by this mutant is due to the absence of inhibition of host cell translation. We confirmed that this shut-off is correlated principally with cleavage of eIF4GII and not eIF4GI and that this cleavage is significantly impaired in the case of the defective mutant. These data support the previously reported conclusion that the 2A protease has markedly different affinities for the two eIF4G isoforms.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Régulation de la Traduction Eucaryote et Virale, Institut Pasteur, 75724 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Cécile E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Malnou
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Borman
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Westhof
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kean
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004279:DNA, Viral; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D039603:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G / Q000737:chemistry; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D010641:Phenotype; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D023321:Poliovirus Vaccines / Q000235:genetics*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D039603:Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4G; D023321:Poliovirus Vaccines; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012313:RNA