title: Differential phosphorylation of c-Jun and JunD in response to the epidermal growth factor is determined by the structure of MAPK targeting sequences.
abstract: MAPK phosphorylation of various substrates is mediated by the presence of docking sites, including the D domain and the DEF motif. Depending on the number and sequences of these domains, substrates are phosphorylated by specific subsets of MAPKs. For example, a D domain targets JNK to c-Jun, whereas a DEF motif is required for ERK phosphorylation of c-Fos. JunD, in contrast, contains both D and DEF domains. Here we show that these motifs mediate JunD phosphorylation in response to either ERK or JNK activation. An intact D domain is required for phosphorylation and activation of JunD by both subtypes of MAPK. The DEF motif acts together with the D domain to elicit efficient phosphorylation of JunD in response to the epidermal growth factor (EGF) but has no function on JunD phosphorylation and activation by JNK signaling. Furthermore, we show that conversion of a c-Jun sequence to a canonical DEF domain, as it is present in JunD, elicits c-Jun activation in response to EGF. Our results suggest that evolution of a particular modular system of MAPK targeting sequences has determined a differential response of JunD and c-Jun to ERK activation.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Cellulare e Molecolare, Universita' degli Studi di Napoli "Federico II", Napoli, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vinciguerra
authors.forename: Adele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vivacqua
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fasanella
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gallo
authors.forename: Concetta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cuozzo
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morano
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maggiolini
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Musti
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D017421:Sequence Analysis; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases