title: The evolution of cardiovascular surgery in China.
abstract: The history of the development of cardiovascular surgery in China was little known to the West not only because the majority of the earlier reports were published almost exclusively in the Chinese language but also because China was essentially closed to the West before the 1980s. We present here an account of how some Chinese surgeons struggled to establish a new specialty in a country that makes up more than one fifth of the world population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China. swan@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Anthony P C
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Yim
mesh_terms: D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000266:history; D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures / Q000266:history*; D002681:China; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans