title: NO/cyclic GMP pathway mediates the relaxation of feline lower oesophageal sphincter.
abstract: 1. We examined the role of the NO/cyclic GMP (cyclic GMP) pathway in nitric oxide (NO)- and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)-induced relaxation of feline lower oesophageal sphincter (LES). Furthermore, it was studied whether methylene blue, LY83583 and ODQ, which are soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors, could inhibit NO-induced relaxation. 2. The nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor, N omega-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA) had no effect in sodium nitropruside (SNP)-induced relaxation, but 3-morpholinosydnonimine-N-ethylcarbamide (SIN-1)-induced relaxation was decreased by the pretreatment of L-NNA, which showed that SIN-1, not SNP, could activate NOS to cause relaxation. Methylene blue and LY83583 did not inhibit the relaxation by SNP and SIN-1. However, the more specific sGC inhibitor ODQ blocked the relaxation induced by NO donors. 3. To identify the relationship of NOS, sGC and adenylate cyclase in VIP-induced relaxation, tissue were pretreated with L-NNA and ODQ and SQ22536. These inhibitors produced significant inhibition of this response to VIP. The adenylyl cyclase inhibitor SQ 22536 also inhibited relaxation by VIP. 4. In conclusion, our data showed that SNP- and SIN-1-induced relaxation was mediated by sGC. Of sGC inhibitors, methylene blue and LY83583 were not adequate for the examination of NO donor-induced feline LES smooth muscle relaxation. VIP also caused relaxation by the pathway involving NO and cGMP and cAMP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Jun
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: U D
authors.initials: UD
authors.lastname: Sohn
mesh_terms: D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology; D002415:Cats; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000494:pharmacology; D008981:Molsidomine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C095284:1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one; D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D011810:Quinoxalines; D009599:Nitroprusside; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; C002385:linsidomine; C041715:6-anilino-5,8-quinolinedione; D008981:Molsidomine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D008751:Methylene Blue; D007213:Indomethacin