title: Vascular non-endothelial nitric oxide induced by swimming exercise stress in rats.
abstract: 1. Herein, we report the effects of acute or chronic forced swimming on vascular responsiveness to angiotensin (Ang) II. 2. The possible involvement of locally produced substances, such as nitric oxide (NO) and prostanoids, in these effects were studied in rat thoracic aorta and superior mesenteric arteries. 3. Chronic, but not acute, swimming reduced the efficacy (maximal effect; Emax) of AngII in thoracic aorta and mesenteric arteries, either with intact or denuded endothelium. 4. The efficacy of AngII was reduced in the presence of indomethacin in mesenteric arteries, but not in the aorta, from either control or chronically stressed rats. 5. Treatment with NG-monomethyl-l-arginine reversed the effect of chronic stress on the response to AngII, suggesting that chronic stress may increase non-endothelial NO activity in both the aorta and mesenteric arteries. 6. The effects of acute and chronic stress on vascular reactivity were selective for AngII because no changes were observed on the effects of phenylephrine.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine of Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Chies
authors.forename: F M A
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Corrêa
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: de Andrade
authors.forename: A A M
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rosa-e-Silva
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000097:blood; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000293:injuries / Q000502:physiology; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000379:methods* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000378:metabolism*; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000804:Angiotensin II; D010656:Phenylephrine; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D003345:Corticosterone; D007213:Indomethacin