title: Implementation of a successful lifestyle intervention programme for New Zealand Maori to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.
abstract: Lifestyle programmes have been shown to reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes in European populations. The participation of Maori in many mainstream health programmes is poor. This study evaluates a lifestyle intervention programme which is acceptable to Maori and which has objective outcome measures to determine the effectiveness of the programme. Thirty six Maori men and women were recruited for a 4 month programme involving modification of diet and exercise. Insulin sensitivity was measured using a euglycaemic insulin clamp, body composition using dual-energy-absorptiometry and fitness using a submaximal exercise test. Secondary outcome measures included anthropometry, blood pressure, fasting glucose and insulin levels, and lipid profiles. There was a 24% improvement in insulin sensitivity (from 5.1 to 6.3 G/mIU/L, P=0.03, N=29). This was associated with a reduction of 3.1 kg in weight (95%CI -4 to -2) and a reduction of 7 mmHg in systolic blood pressure (95%CI -13, -1). This approach successfully reduced risk for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in New Zealand Maori in the short term.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand. kirsten.mcauley@stonebow.otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: Kirsten A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: McAuley
authors.forename: Eleanor
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Rebecca T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: McLay
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chisholm
authors.forename: Gretchen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Story
authors.forename: Jim I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: Damon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Sheila M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Ailsa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Goulding
authors.forename: Noela
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006284:Health Plan Implementation; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012307:Risk Factors; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin