title: The optimum dietary indispensable amino acid pattern for growing Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fry.
abstract: To determine the optimum indispensable (I) amino acid (AA) balance in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) fry, a single protocol established for the pig was adapted. The balance was calculated from the reduction in N gain after replacing about 45% of a single IAA by a mixture of dispensable AA in isonitrogenous diets. We confirmed that the mixture of AA simulating the AA pattern of cod-meal protein and gelatine (46:3, w/w) was used with the same efficiency as cod-meal protein and gelatine. From the deletion experiment an optimum balance between the IAA was derived. Expressed relative to lysine = 100, the optimal balance was: arginine 76 (SE 0.2), histidine 28 (SE 2.2), methionine + cystine 64 (SE 1.7), phenylalanine + tyrosine 105 (SE 1.6), threonine 51 (SE 2.4), tryptophan 14 (SE 0.7), valine 59 (SE 1.7). No estimates were made for isoleucine and leucine. Expressed as g/16 g N, the optimal balance was: arginine 4.0 (SE 0.0), histidine 1.5 (SE 0.1), lysine 5.3 (SE 0.2), methionine + cystine 3.4 (SE 0.1), phenylaline + tyrosine 5.6 (SE 0.1), threonine 2.7 (SE 0.1), tryptophan 0.7 (SE 0.0), valine 3.1 (SE 0.1). This AA composition is close to that of the Atlantic salmon whole-body, but using it as an estimation of the IAA requirements may lead to an overestimation of the branched-chain AA requirements and an underestimation of aromatic and S-containing AA requirements. The results are discussed in accordance with the key assumptions associated with the model used (broken-line model, IAA efficiencies and maintenance requirements).
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Pisciculture M. Huet, Université catholique de Louvain, Route de Blocry, 2, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium. rollin@efor.ucl.ac.be
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Rollin
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mambrini
authors.forename: Tarik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abboudi
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Larondelle
authors.forename: Sadasivam J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kaushik
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D004032:Diet / Q000379:methods; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D005780:Gelatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D012474:Salmon / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005780:Gelatin; D009584:Nitrogen