title: Angiotensin II blockade prevents hyperglycemia-induced activation of JAK and STAT proteins in diabetic rat kidney glomeruli.
abstract: Clinical and animal studies show that treatment with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors or ANG II-receptor antagonists slows progression of nephropathy in diabetes, indicating ANG II plays an important role in its development. We previously reported that hyperglycemia augments both ANG II-induced growth and activation of Janus kinase (JAK)2 and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT) proteins in cultured rat mesangial cells. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the tyrosine kinase enzyme JAK2 plays a key role in both ANG II- and hyperglycemia-induced growth in these cells. We hypothesized that the ACE inhibitor captopril and the ANG II-receptor antagonist candesartan would hinder hyperglycemic-induced activation of JAK and STAT proteins in rat glomeruli, demonstrating that ANG II plays an important role in the activation of these proteins in vivo. Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were given either streptozotocin (STZ; 60 mg/kg iv) or vehicle, and glomeruli were isolated 2 wk later. Activation of JAK and STAT proteins was evaluated by Western blot analysis for specific tyrosine phosphorylation. Groups of rats were given captopril (75-85 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)), candesartan (10 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)), or the JAK2 inhibitor AG-490 (5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) for the study's duration. STZ stimulated glomerular phosphorylation of JAK2, STAT1, STAT3, and STAT5. Phosphorylation was reduced in rats treated with captopril, candesartan, and AG-490. Furthermore, both candesartan and AG-490 inhibited STZ-induced increases in urinary protein excretion. In conclusion, our studies demonstrate that hyperglycemia induces activation of JAK2 and the STATs in vivo via an ANG II-dependent mechanism and that these proteins may be involved in the early kidney damage associated with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Ctr., Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912-2500, USA.
authors.forename: Amy K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Banes
authors.forename: Séan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Redd
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amiri
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.forename: Mario B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Marrero
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008894:Milk Proteins; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D020032:Tyrphostins / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008894:Milk Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D050799:STAT5 Transcription Factor; C494081:Stat1 protein, rat; C494088:Stat3 protein, rat; D013777:Tetrazoles; D015534:Trans-Activators; D020032:Tyrphostins; C095512:alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide; D000804:Angiotensin II; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507927:Jak2 protein, rat; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D054562:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 1; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D053824:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 6; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C516727:Ptpn11 protein, rat; C509250:Ptpn6 protein, rat; C081643:candesartan