title: Lack of correlation between immunohistochemical expression of E2F-1, thymidylate synthase expression and clinical response to 5-fluorouracil in advanced colorectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The level of the enzyme thymidylate synthase (TS) is known to inversely correlate with the clinical activity of 5-fluorouracil (FU) in advanced colorectal cancer patients. Since the correlation is not very strong, we have retrospectively analyzed the expression of E2F-1 in tumor samples or metastases from 25 patients with advanced colorectal cancer, homogeneously treated with an FU-based regimen. E2F-1 is a transcription factor regulating the expression of TS along with other crucial DNA synthesis related enzymes.
  
  
  METHODS
  E2F-1 expression was analyzed by immunohistochemistry using the anti-E2F-1 monoclonal antibody KH95, scoring 2000 cells/case. Expression of TS was evaluated by immunohistochemistry using a rabbit anti-human polyclonal antibody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The level of E2F-1 expression did not correlate with TS expression, although a trend for correlation between E2F-1 level and maximal tumor shrinkage was observed (r = 0.42; P = 0.054).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In spite of previous reports demonstrating that E2F-1 quantified by rt-PCR and western blot correlates with TS and could be used as a predictor to select colorectal cancer patients more likely to respond to FU treatment, our data suggest that, under these experimental conditions, immunohistochemistry cannot be used for such selection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Oncology, University of Udine, P. le S. M. Misericordia, Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Belvedere
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Puglisi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Di Loreto
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cataldi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guglielmi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aschele
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sobrero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D050687:E2F1 Transcription Factor; C493753:E2F1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase; D005472:Fluorouracil