title: Systemic lupus erythematosus and genetic variation in the interleukin 1 gene cluster: a population based study in the southeastern United States.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interleukin (IL)1alpha and IL1beta, and their endogenous receptor antagonist (IL1Ra), have been related to the pathology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), but the role of IL1 polymorphisms in the aetiology of SLE is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine polymorphisms at IL1alpha -889(C-->T), IL1alpha +4845(C-->T), IL1beta -511(C-->T), IL1beta +3953(G-->T), and IL1Ra (86 bp VNTR) in a population based study of SLE in North Carolina and South Carolina.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotypes from 230 cases who met ACR classification criteria, and from 275 controls matched for age, sex, and state, were analysed separately for African Americans and whites. Odds ratios (ORs) were estimated by logistic regression models for each locus alone and also after adjusting for polymorphisms at adjacent loci.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An increased risk of SLE for the IL1alpha -889C/C genotype compared with carriage of the -889T allele was found in both African Americans (OR = 3.1, p = 0.001) and whites (OR = 2.9, p = 0.005). In African Americans, carriage of the IL1beta -511T allele was associated with a higher risk of SLE than carriage of the -511C/C genotype (OR = 2.4, p = 0.017), independent of variation at IL1alpha -889.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The observed associations support the hypothesis that genetic variation in IL1 is involved in the aetiology of SLE and merit further investigation.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, NIH, DHHS, Durham, NC, USA. parks@niehs.nih.gov
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Parks
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dooley
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Treadwell
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: St Clair
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Gilkeson
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pandey
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D005810:Multigene Family; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D015144:Southeastern United States; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins