The presence of TATA-binding protein in the brainstem, correlated with sleep apnea in SIDS victims.
BACKGROUND
Recent reports have indicated that the presence of transcription factors and RNA polymerase decreases in rat brains that suffer perinatal asphyxia from hypoxia. As hypoxia has been proposed as a causative factor in the Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS), the correlation between TATA-binding protein (TBP) in the brainstem of SIDS victims as a marker of transcription and the incidence of sleep apnea was investigated.


METHODS
A total of 38 infants, including 26 cases of SIDS, died under 6 months of age, in a cohort of 27,000 infants studied prospectively to characterize their sleep-wake behavior. The frequency and duration of sleep apnea was analyzed. Brainstem material was collected and immunohistochemistry of TBP was carried out. The density of TBP-positive neurons was measured quantitatively. Correlation analyses were carried out between the density of TBP-positive neurons and the data concerning sleep apnea.


RESULTS
One SIDS-specific positive correlation occurred between the density of TBP-positive neurons in the dorsal raphe nucleus of the midbrain and the duration of central apnea (p=0.049) and two SIDS-specific negative correlations between the density of TBP-positive neurons in the pars compacta and dissipata of the pedunculopontine tegmentum nucleus (PPTNc, PPTNd) in the midbrain and the duration of apnea (p=0.035).


CONCLUSIONS
The significant correlation between the findings of TBP-positive neurons in the midbrain arousal pathway and the characteristics of sleep apnea in SIDS victims is in agreement with the both association of apnea and arousal phenomenon in pathophysiology of SIDS.
Sawaguchi
Toshiko
T
Department of Legal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan. tsawagu@research.twmu.ac.jp
Patricia
Franco
F
Kadhim
Hazim
H
Groswasser
Jose
J
Sottiaux
Martine
M
Nishida
Hiroshi
H
Kahn
Andre
A
D001933:Brain Stem / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013398:Sudden Infant Death / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016683:Supine Position; D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism*
D035181:TATA-Box Binding Protein