title: Mutations in the gal83 glycogen-binding domain activate the snf1/gal83 kinase pathway by a glycogen-independent mechanism.
abstract: The yeast Snf1 kinase and its mammalian ortholog, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), regulate responses to metabolic stress. Previous studies identified a glycogen-binding domain in the AMPK beta1 subunit, and the sequence is conserved in the Snf1 kinase beta subunits Gal83 and Sip2. Here we use genetic analysis to assess the role of this domain in vivo. Alteration of Gal83 at residues that are important for glycogen binding of AMPK beta1 abolished glycogen binding in vitro and caused diverse phenotypes in vivo. Various Snf1/Gal83-dependent processes were upregulated, including glycogen accumulation, expression of RNAs encoding glycogen synthase, haploid invasive growth, the transcriptional activator function of Sip4, and activation of the carbon source-responsive promoter element. Moreover, the glycogen-binding domain mutations conferred transcriptional regulatory phenotypes even in the absence of glycogen, as determined by analysis of a mutant strain lacking glycogen synthase. Thus, mutation of the glycogen-binding domain of Gal83 positively affects Snf1/Gal83 kinase function by a mechanism that is independent of glycogen binding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Development, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Wiatrowski
authors.forename: Bryce J W
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Van Denderen
authors.forename: Cristin D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Berkey
authors.forename: Bruce E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stapleton
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carlson
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; D001665:Binding Sites; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; C085569:GAL83 protein, S cerevisiae; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C099279:SIP4 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D006003:Glycogen; C071570:SNF1-related protein kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases