title: A ten-year-old boy with a pulmonary nodule secondary to Cryptococcus neoformans: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Pulmonary cryptococcosis is an uncommonly recognized disease of childhood. Among immunocompetent and non-HIV-infected individuals, pulmonary cryptococcosis may be asymptomatic or present with chronic, nondescript symptomatology. In this report we describe a 10-year-old with malignant fibrous histiocytoma of bone and a pulmonary nodule secondary to Cryptococcus neoformans. We use this case as a background to review the pediatric literature regarding pulmonary cryptococcosis and to discuss the utility of immunohistochemistry for diagnosis of this clinical entity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.forename: Mary T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Caserta
authors.forename: David N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Korones
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casadevall
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018219:Histiocytoma, Benign Fibrous / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents