title: Snail mediates E-cadherin repression by the recruitment of the Sin3A/histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1)/HDAC2 complex.
abstract: The transcription factor Snail has been described as a direct repressor of E-cadherin expression during development and carcinogenesis; however, the specific mechanisms involved in this process remain largely unknown. Here we show that mammalian Snail requires histone deacetylase (HDAC) activity to repress E-cadherin promoter and that treatment with trichostatin A (TSA) is sufficient to block the repressor effect of Snail. Moreover, overexpression of Snail is correlated with deacetylation of histones H3 and H4 at the E-cadherin promoter, and TSA treatment in Snail-expressing cells reverses the acetylation status of histones. Additionally, we demonstrate that Snail interacts in vivo with the E-cadherin promoter and recruits HDAC activity. Most importantly, we demonstrate an interaction between Snail, histone deacetylase 1 (HDAC1) and HDAC2, and the corepressor mSin3A. This interaction is dependent on the SNAG domain of Snail, indicating that the Snail transcription factor mediates the repression by recruitment of chromatin-modifying activities, forming a multimolecular complex to repress E-cadherin expression. Our results establish a direct causal relationship between Snail-dependent repression of E-cadherin and the modification of chromatin at its promoter.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquimica, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Alberto Sols," Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Hector
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Peinado
authors.forename: Esteban
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ballestar
authors.forename: Manel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Esteller
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D056464:Histone Deacetylase 2; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D056264:Sin3 Histone Deacetylase and Corepressor Complex; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015820:Cadherins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C099683:SIN3A transcription factor; D000071250:Snail Family Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; C533424:Hdac2 protein, mouse; D056464:Histone Deacetylase 2; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D056264:Sin3 Histone Deacetylase and Corepressor Complex