title: The ASK1 and ASK2 genes are essential for Arabidopsis early development.
abstract: The requirement of CUL1 for Arabidopsis embryogenesis suggests that Skp1-CUL1-F-box protein (SCF) complexes play important roles during embryo development. Among the 21 Arabidopsis Skp1-like genes (ASKs), it is unknown which ASK gene(s) is essential for embryo development. In this study, we demonstrate a vital role for ASK1 and ASK2 in Arabidopsis embryogenesis and postembryonic development through analysis of the ask1 ask2 double mutant. Our detailed analysis indicates that the double mutations in both ASK1 and ASK2 affect cell division and cell expansion/elongation and cause a developmental delay during embryogenesis and lethality in seedling growth. The expression patterns of ASK1 and ASK2 were examined further and found to be consistent with their roles in embryogenesis and seedling development. We propose that mutations in ASK1 and ASK2 abolish all of the ASK1- and ASK2-based SCF and non-SCF complexes, resulting in alteration of gene expression and leading to defects in growth and development.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Plant Signal Transduction, Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, 117609 Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: Fuquan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Weimin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Megan E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.forename: Zhiyuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Changqing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Daoxin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xie
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D046508:Culture Techniques; D056743:Cyclin D3; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D009154:Mutation; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D044843:SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C120363:ASK1 protein, Arabidopsis; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D056743:Cyclin D3; D016213:Cyclins; D043743:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes; C484058:ASK2 protein, Arabidopsis; D044843:SKP Cullin F-Box Protein Ligases