title: [Clinical significance of the Krogh-Poulsen bite test in mandibular dysfunction].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The bite test was initially described as the Krogh-Poulsen test consists of biting a flat and thin wedge placed unilaterally between the molars. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) pain located on the ipsilateral side is considered as muscular, when on the contralateral side pain signifies a joint problem. Although this test is widely used, no scientific evaluation of its real clinical value has been published.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study is conducted in 32 patients exhibiting temporomandibular pain (n=40) at the bite test. The results of the bite test were compared with results of computed tomography of the TMJ. Several criteria are studied: joint space narrowing, retrusion of the mandibular condyle in occlusal position, bony signs of joint degeneration. Chi-square and Student's t test were used for statistical analysis of correlations between clinical findings and radiological abnormalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant results demonstrated a high degree of radiologically detectable disorders in patients with joint pain as defined by the bite test. All of these patients presented at least one radiological sign of joint disease. There was also a low degree of radiologically detected joint disturbance in patients with muscular pain according to the bite test, 70% of them presenting no radiological abnormality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that the bite test is of significant value for evaluation of TMJ disorders and can be useful for the indication of complementary radiological examinations.
authors.affiliation: Service de Chirurgie Maxillo-Faciale et Chirurgie Plastique de la face, Hôpital Purpan, CHU Toulouse, Place Baylac, 31059 Toulouse Cedex.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Konan
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Boutault
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: J-R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Roch Paoli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007574:Jaw Relation Record / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D017746:Joint Capsule / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed