title: Promoting signing of advance directives in faith communities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a participatory educational program implemented in faith communities that would increase discussion and signing of two types of advance directives-living will and durable power of attorney for health care decisions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal study with four annual cycles of program implementation, evaluation, and revision incorporating a program that fostered the discussion, signing, and/or revision of advance directives. The program involved an educational workbook and ongoing support by parish nurses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen faith communities in Wichita, Kansas. Faith communities included several predominantly white congregations, as well as several primarily African-American and Hispanic congregations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen faith communities, their pastors, and 25 parish nurses worked with 361 self-selected residents, living in community settings, to participate in the program as members of their faith communities. Congregations were recruited by the executive director of a local interfaith ministries organization and parish nurses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two hundred forty-eight (69%) of the congregants who started the program completed it. Of the program completers, 83 (33%) had a directive prior to the program and 140 (56%) had a directive after completion. One hundred eighty-six of the completers discussed directives with family members. Overall, 89 (36%) of the 248 program completers revised an existing directive or signed one for the first time. Age was positively related to having signed/revised a directive prior to the program. Fear that advance directives would be used to deny medical care was negatively related to signing both prior to the program and after program completion, and contributed to participants' reluctance to sign directives.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Educational programs implemented by parish nurses in faith communities can be effective in increasing rates of discussion, revision, and/or signing of advance directives.
authors.affiliation: Center for Congregational Health Ministry, Via Christi Health System, Wichita, KS, USA. louis.medvene@wichita.edu
authors.forename: Louis J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Medvene
authors.forename: Jo Veta
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Wescott
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huckstadt
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ludlum
authors.forename: Sondra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Langel
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mick
authors.forename: Renee'
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patrick
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Base
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016223:Advance Directives; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007615:Kansas; D016224:Living Wills; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009726:Nurses; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012067:Religion