title: Comparison of different anti-inflammatory agents in suppressing the monocyte response to orthopedic particles.
abstract: Three different anti-inflammatory agents--diclofenac, dexamethasone, and N-acetylcysteine--were compared to evaluate their effectiveness in suppressing monocyte-macrophage cell culture activation and mediator release (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] and interleukin-1beta [IL-1beta]) in response to polymethylmethacrylate particulate debris. N-acetylcysteine and diclofenac were most effective in suppressing TNF-alpha and IL-1beta expression by the monocyte-macrophages. Dexamethasone reduced TNF-alpha expression but was not as effective suppressing IL-1beta expression. N-acetylcysteine and dexamethasone had no effect on cell viability whereas diclofenac at the highest concentrations decreased cell viabilities. N-acetylcysteine and diclofenac, but less so dexamethasone, are effective in suppressing wear debris-related cell activation and mediator release and thus potentially represent therapeutic or preventive modalities for periprosthetic osteolysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Merlin Park Hospital, Galway, Ireland.
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Mulhall
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Curtin
authors.forename: H Frederick
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Given
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000517:prevention & control; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004008:Diclofenac; D003907:Dexamethasone; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D000111:Acetylcysteine