title: Pregnancy outcome in patients with a history of recurrent spontaneous miscarriages and documented thrombophilias.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of treatment in patients analyzed for recurrent spontaneous miscarriage with a diagnosis of a hereditary thrombophilia, the presence of antiphospholipid and/or autoimmune antibodies, and/or hyperhomocystinemia (HHC) with or without methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) polymorphisms. In total, 76 women with 2 or more embryonic or fetal losses were analyzed. Of these, 49 (64.4%) women were found to have one or more thrombophilias and/or autoimmune antibodies, and 33 (43.4%) women were found to have a MTHFR polymorphism and/or HHC. Since completion of the recurrent miscarriage analysis, 39 women conceived again. All women with a thrombophilia were treated with low-dose aspirin plus low molecular weight heparin. All women with previously diagnosed HHC and/or MTHFR polymorphisms were treated with folate and vitamin B(6) and B(12) supplementation. In the thrombophilia group, 27 women conceived resulting in 20 successful pregnancies (74.1%) and 7 pregnancy losses (2 trisomy 16, 1 ectopic pregnancy and 4 unexplained miscarriages), i.e. an unexplained pregnancy loss rate of 14.8%. In the HHC/MTHFR group 22 women conceived, resulting in 17 successful pregnancies (77.3%) and 5 pregnancy losses (1 trisomy 16, 1 Turner syndrome and 3 unexplained miscarriages), i.e. an unexplained pregnancy loss rate of 13.6%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Adelaide University, Adelaide, Australia.
authors.forename: Ineke
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krabbendam
authors.forename: Gustaaf A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Dekker
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D000328:Adult; D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid / Q000097:blood; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000150:complications; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000627:therapeutic use; D025101:Vitamin B 6 / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D017152:Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight; D025101:Vitamin B 6; D005492:Folic Acid; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D014805:Vitamin B 12; D001241:Aspirin