title: 11-Dehydro-thromboxane B2, a stable thromboxane metabolite, is a full agonist of chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells (CRTH2) in human eosinophils and basophils.
abstract: Thromboxane (TX) A(2), a cyclooxygenase-derived mediator involved in allergic responses, is rapidly converted in vivo to a stable metabolite, 11-dehydro-TXB(2), which is considered to be biologically inactive. In this study, we found that 11-dehydro-TXB(2), but not the TXA(2) analogue U46,619 or TXB(2), activated eosinophils and basophils, as assayed by flow cytometric shape change. 11-Dehydro-TXB(2) was also chemotactic for eosinophils but did not induce, nor inhibit, platelet aggregation. Chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells (CRTH2) is an important chemoattractant receptor expressed by eosinophils, basophils, and TH2 lymphocytes, and prostaglandin (PG)D(2) has been shown to be its principal ligand. 11-Dehydro-TXB(2) induced calcium flux mainly from intracellular stores in eosinophils, and this response was desensitized after stimulation with PGD(2) but not other eosinophil chemoattractants. Shape change responses of eosinophils and basophils to 11-dehydro-TXB(2) were inhibited by the thromboxane (TP)/CRTH2 receptor antagonist ramatroban, but not the selective TP antagonist SQ29,548, and were insensitive to pertussis toxin. The phospholipase C inhibitor U73,122 attenuated both 11-dehydro-TXB(2)- and PGD(2)-induced shape change. 11-Dehydro-TXB(2) also induced the chemotaxis of BaF/3 cells transfected with hCRTH2 but not naive BaF/3 cells. At a threshold concentration, 11-dehydro-TXB(2) had no antagonistic effect on CRTH2-mediated responses as induced by PGD2. These data show that 11-dehydro-TXB(2) is a full agonist of the CRTH2 receptor and hence might cause CRTH2 activation in cellular contexts where PGD-synthase is not present. Given its production in the allergic lung, antagonism of the 11-dehydro-TXB(2)/CRTH2axis may be of therapeutic relevance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University Graz, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Böhm
authors.forename: Gunter J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Sturm
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Weiglhofer
authors.forename: Hilary
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sandig
authors.forename: Michitaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shichijo
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McNamee
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Pease
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kollroser
authors.forename: Bernhard A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Peskar
authors.forename: Akos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Heinemann
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001491:Basophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D006834:Hydrazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D037342:Pertussis Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014162:Transfection; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D002227:Carbazoles; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D006834:Hydrazines; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D011982:Receptors, Prostaglandin; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013929:Thromboxane B2; C049235:11-dehydro-thromboxane B2; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; C045749:SQ 29548; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; C063119:ramatroban; D015230:Prostaglandin D2; D002118:Calcium; C036293:prostaglandin D2 receptor