title: Is surgical science dead? The Excelsior Society lecture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: Clyde F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Larry R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Kaiser
mesh_terms: D015510:Clinical Medicine / Q000266:history; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education / Q000266:history*; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000266:history; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000266:history; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000266:history; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000266:history; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total / Q000266:history; D012106:Research / Q000639:trends; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000266:history; D014180:Transplantation / Q000266:history; D014481:United States; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000266:history; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance