title: Semen quality of smoking and non-smoking men in infertile couples in a Turkish population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This retrospective study was designed to reveal the effect of smoking on semen parameters in an infertile Turkish population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and ninety-six infertile males were triaged as nonsmokers, light smokers and heavy smokers. Semen volume; sperm density, motility and morphology were the main outcome measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rapidly progressing sperm ratio of the heavy smokers group was greater than that of the light smokers group (p<0.05). Morphologic evaluation results revealed better results for the nonsmokers than the heavy smokers in terms of tail anomalies and percent of coiled tails (p<0.05)
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In infertile Turkish men, heavy smoking was found to have detrimental effects on tail of the spermatozoon. Interestingly, heavy smokers have a higher percent of rapidly progressive sperm with respect to light smokers. Prospective studies will help determining the definite effect of smoking on semen quality.
authors.affiliation: Antalya IVF Center, Antalya, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ozgur
authors.forename: Mete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isikoglu
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seleker
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Donmez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012661:Semen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014421:Turkey