title: Efalizumab for patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because T-cell interactions are involved in the pathophysiology of psoriasis, therapy with a T-cell modulator may have beneficial effects on psoriasis severity and health-related quality of life (HRQL).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and safety of efalizumab, a T-cell modulator, in patients with plaque psoriasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Phase 3 randomized, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial involving 556 adult patients with stable, moderate to severe plaque psoriasis and conducted at 30 study centers in the United States and Canada between January and July 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly assigned in a 2:1 ratio to receive 12 weekly doses of subcutaneous efalizumab, 1 mg/kg (n = 369), or placebo equivalent (n = 187).
  
  
  METHODS
  At least 75% improvement on the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI-75); improvement on the overall Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Itching Visual Analog Scale (VAS), and Psoriasis Symptom Assessment (PSA) at week 12 vs baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Efalizumab-treated patients experienced significantly greater improvement on all end points than placebo-treated patients. Twenty-seven percent of efalizumab-treated patients achieved PASI-75 vs 4% of the placebo group ( P<.001). Efalizumab-treated patients exhibited significantly greater mean percentage improvement than placebo-treated patients on the overall DLQI (47% vs 14%; P<.001), Itching VAS (38% vs -0.2%; P<.001), and PSA frequency and severity subscales (48% vs 18% and 47% vs 17%, respectively; P<.001 for both) at the first assessment point. Efalizumab was safe and well tolerated, with primarily mild to moderate adverse events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this 12-week study, efalizumab resulted in significant improvements in clinical end points, including physician-assessed and dermatology-specific patient-reported HRQL measures, in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis.
authors.affiliation: Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, Ill 60153, USA. kgordon@lumc.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Papp
authors.forename: Tiffani K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Walicke
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dummer
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Brian W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Bresnahan
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Menter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018845:CD11 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018845:CD11 Antigens; D003879:Dermatologic Agents; C472181:efalizumab