Phospholipase A2 isozymes in pregnancy and parturition.
Mammalian cells contain several structurally different phospholipase (PLA2) enzymes that exhibit distinct localisation, function and mechanisms of regulation. PLA2 isozymes have been postulated to play significant roles in the parturition process. Both secretory and cytosolic PLA2 isozymes have been identified in human gestational tissues, and there is differential expression of these PLA2 isozymes in human fetal membranes and placenta obtained at preterm and term. The aims of this commentary are: (1) to review recent data concerning the expression, role and regulation of PLA2 isozymes in human gestational tissues; and (2) to present novel data demonstrating the regulation of PLA2 isozymes in human gestational tissues by nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-g.
Lappas
M
M
Mercy Perinatal Research Center, Mercy Hospital for Women, 126 Clarendon Street, East Melbourne 3002, Australia. mlappas@unimelb.edu.au
Rice
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GE
D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036801:Parturition / Q000378:metabolism*; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000378:metabolism*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013347:Subcellular Fractions; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D007527:Isoenzymes; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011453:Prostaglandins; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2