title: Characterization of brain malformations in the Baraitser-Winter syndrome and review of the literature.
abstract: Baraitser-Winter syndrome is a rare autosomal recessive disorder characterized by developmental delay, dysmorphic features, and multiple malformations also involving the brain. We report a further case and provide updated information about an unrelated girl reported in the original paper by Baraitser and Winter. Both of them presented with pachygyria and the latter case was recently found to have subcortical band heterotopia on high resolution brain MRI imaging. These two patients and a review of the previously reported cases indicate that a specific pattern of brain anomalies falling in the agyria-pachygyria-band spectrum is associated with this dysmorphic syndrome, which may be considered another example of syndromic neuronal migration defect.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Genetics Unit, Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guerrini
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Dobyns
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andria
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Winter
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000473:pathology*; D019066:Facies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009421:Nervous System Malformations / Q000473:pathology*; D013577:Syndrome