title: Randomization tests for ERP topographies and whole spatiotemporal data matrices.
abstract: In ERP studies, the comparison of topographies (multichannel measurements) or whole spatiotemporal data matrices (multichannel time series of measurements), the classical statistical tests very often cannot be used. It is argued that, for these comparisons, randomization tests are an excellent alternative. It is also argued that the randomization test is superior to another resampling method, the bootstrap, because exact probability statements (e.g., p values) can be made. A review is given of the literature on randomization tests designed for electrophysiological data. New randomization tests are presented and applied to two data sets, one coming from a psychopharmacological experiment and the other from an ERP experiment in visual word recognition.
authors.affiliation: Nijmegen Institute of Cognition and Information, University of Nijmegen, 6500 HE Nijmegen, The Netherlands. maris@nici.kun.nl
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D003975:Diazepam / Q000494:pharmacology; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008432:Mathematical Computing; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011932:Reading; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003975:Diazepam