Preoperative use of enoxaparin is not a risk factor for postoperative bleeding after coronary artery bypass surgery.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to determine whether the use of low-molecular-weight heparin before coronary artery bypass surgery would be associated with an increase in bleeding and use of blood products after the operation.


METHODS
Sixty-four patients (48 men and 16 women) aged 64 +/- 10 years who were undergoing primary coronary artery bypass surgery were prospectively studied. Forty-one patients were treated with either subcutaneous enoxaparin 1 mg/kg twice daily (n = 21; enoxaparin group) or intravenous heparin (n = 20; heparin group). Patients received the last dose of enoxaparin 8.7 +/- 0.75 hours (range, 8-10 hours) before skin incision. Heparin was stopped before transfer to the operating room. An additional 23 consecutive patients who received neither enoxaparin nor heparin served as controls (n = 23). Anti-factor Xa activity, a measure of enoxaparin and heparin activity, was measured at the start of the operation in all patients.


RESULTS
There was no perioperative mortality. The length of stay and frequency of postoperative complications were similar between groups. Preoperative anti-factor Xa activity was present only in the enoxaparin group (0.43 +/- 0.25 IU/mL). Chest tube drainage at 24 hours was 553 +/- 160 mL, 532 +/- 140 mL, and 587 +/- 230 mL for the enoxaparin, heparin, and control groups, respectively (P =.48). There was no difference among groups in the amount of blood products transfused.


CONCLUSIONS
Enoxaparin administration more than 8 hours before coronary artery bypass surgery is not associated with increased postoperative bleeding or blood product transfusion.
Medalion
Benjamin
B
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel. medalion@wolfson.health.gov.il
Frenkel
George
G
Patachenko
Paulina
P
Hauptman
Eli
E
Sasson
Lior
L
Schachner
Arie
A
D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000628:therapy; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
D000925:Anticoagulants; D017984:Enoxaparin; D006493:Heparin