title: Pathological data on apoptosis in the brainstem and physiological data on sleep apnea in SIDS victims.
abstract: The sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is still the main cause of postneonatal infant death and its cause is still unknown. A chronic hypoxic situation has been shown to exist in the brains of SIDS victims and apoptosis has been demonstrated in hypoxic situations. In this study, the correlation between apoptotic neurons or glias and sleep apnea in SIDS was investigated in the brainstem of SIDS victims.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cohort of 27,000 infants studied prospectively to characterize their sleep-wake behavior, 38 infants died under 6 months of age. They included 26 cases of SIDS. The frequency and duration of sleep apnea were analyzed. The brainstem material was collected and terminal-deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end-labeling (TUNEL) method was carried out. The density of TUNEL-positive neurons or glias was measured quantitatively. Correlation analyses were carried out between the apoptosis-associated pathological data and the physiological data of sleep apnea.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant negative or positive correlation between the density of TUNEL-positive neurons or glias and the characteristics of sleep apnea was observed in SIDS victims. No statistically significant differences associated with apoptotic neurons and glias were observed between SIDS and non-SIDS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pathological findings of apoptosis were not in agreement with the hypothesis refer to apnea and arousal phenomenon in pathophysiology of SIDS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Tokyo Women's Medical University School of Medicine, 8-1 Kawada-cho, Shinjuku, Tokyo 162-8666, Japan. tsawagu@research.twmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawaguchi
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Patricia
authors.forename: Hazim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kadhim
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Groswasser
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sottiaux
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kahn
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000473:pathology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D002534:Hypoxia, Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013398:Sudden Infant Death / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016683:Supine Position