title: Biometric surfactant polymers designed for shear-stable endothelialization on biomaterials.
abstract: We have developed a series of extracellular matrix (ECM)-like biomimetic surfactant polymers to improve endothelial cell adhesion and growth on vascular biomaterials. These polymers provide a single-step procedure for modifying the surface of existing biomaterials and consist of a poly(vinyl amine) (PVAm) backbone with varying ratios of cell-binding peptide (RGD) to carbohydrate (maltose), ranging from 100% RGD:0% maltose to 50% RGD:50% maltose. Three biomimetic surfaces, as well as a fibronectin (FN)-coated glass surface were seeded at confluence with human pulmonary artery endothelial cells (HPAECs) and exposed to shear stresses ranging from 0-40.6 dyn/cm2 for periods of 2 h and 6 h. Surfaces were examined for HPAEC coverage and cytoskeletal arrangement as a function of time and shear stress. In general, after 6 h of shear exposure, EC retention on 100% RGD > FN > 75% RGD > 50% RGD. The 100% RGD surface maintained more than 50% of its initial EC monolayer at low to moderate shear stresses whereas all other surfaces dropped to approximately 40% or less in the same shear stress range. The most stable surface, 100% RGD, showed a significant increase in cytoskeletal organization at all shear stresses greater than 2.5 dyn/cm2. In contrast, there was no real change in cytoskeletal organization on the FN surface, and there was a decrease on the 75% RGD surface over time. These results indicate that increasing surface peptide density can control EC shear stability. Furthermore, improved shear stability increases with increasing peptide density and is related to the EC's ability to reorganize its cytoskeleton.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sagnella
authors.forename: Faina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kligman
authors.forename: Roger E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Marchant
authors.forename: Kandice
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kottke-Marchant
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D003599:Cytoskeleton; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008320:Maltose; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010477:Perfusion; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000166:cytology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013501:Surface-Active Agents
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011145:Polyvinyls; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C008996:poly(vinylamine); D008320:Maltose; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid