title: Personality as assessed by egogram is a possible independent predictive variable for post-discharge smoking abstinence in male cancer patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about the relationship between a patient's personality and smoking behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed the smoking status of 262 male smokers who had been diagnosed with cancer and admitted to a teaching hospital, using a self-administered questionnaire that was mailed to the patients 6 months after discharge. The personality of the patients was assessed with the Kyushu University Egogram at admission, and the patients were categorized into five groups according to the ego state with the highest value among the five ego states, namely "Critical Parent" dominant, "Nurturing Parent" dominant, "Adult" dominant, "Free Child" dominant and "Adapted Child" dominant. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the influence of the type of personality on smoking behavior after hospital discharge with adjustment for considerable predictive variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The smoking cessation rate at 6 months after hospital discharge was 63% (164/262). Multivariate analyses revealed that after adjustment for age, cancer site, length of hospital stay, time elapsed since last cigarette, self-confidence to quit smoking and strength of nicotine dependence, and being an Adult dominant personality were positively (p<0.01), and being a Free Child dominant personality was negatively (p<0.05) associated with post-discharge abstinence. These findings did not change when the non-responders (n=50) of the questionnaire were included in the analysis as post-discharge smokers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that a male cancer patient's personality as assessed by the egogram has predictive significance for whether the patient will have a smoking habit after discharge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Control and Statistics, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka 537-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Seiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasuo
authors.forename: Shigeko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Housou
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Numanami
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015897:Comorbidity; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*