title: On-chip hydrodynamic chromatography separation and detection of nanoparticles and biomolecules.
abstract: For the first time, on-chip planar hydrodynamic chromatography is combined with UV absorption detection. This technique is suitable for size characterization of synthetic polymers, biopolymers, and particles. Possible advantages of an on-chip hydrodynamic chromatography system over conventional techniques, such as size exclusion chromatography, and field-flow fractionation are fast analysis, high efficiency, reduced solvent consumption, and easy temperature control. The hydrodynamic separations are performed in a planar configuration realized in fused silica using a mixture of fluorescent and nonfluorescent polystyrene particles with sizes ranging from 26 to 155 nm. The planar chip configuration consists of a 1-microm-high, 0.5-mm-wide, and 69-mm-long channel, an integrated 150-pL injection structure, and a 30-microm-deep and 30-microm-wide detection cell, suitable for UV absorption detection. By combination of the separation data obtained in the new fused-silica chip with those obtained using a previously presented planar hydrodynamic chromatography chip, which was realized using silicon and glass microtechnology, a description of the retention and dispersion behavior of planar hydrodynamic chromatography is obtained. Especially the influence of the sidewalls on the dispersion is investigated. Furthermore a hydrodynamic separation within 70 s of several biopolymers is shown in the glass-silicon chip.
authors.affiliation: MESA+ Research Institute, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands, and Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, 1018 WV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marko T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Blom
authors.forename: Emil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chmela
authors.forename: R Edwin
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Oosterbroek
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tijssen
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van den Berg
mesh_terms: D002850:Chromatography, Gel / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D044085:Microfluidics; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010316:Particle Size; D011108:Polymers / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000295:instrumentation; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D011108:Polymers; D011137:Polystyrenes; D011506:Proteins; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D004247:DNA; D012825:Silicon