title: Cervical ripening and induction of labor by prostaglandin E2: a comparison between intracervical gel and vaginal pessary.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness and safety of two formulations of prostaglandin (PG) E2 (gel and pessary) for induction of labor. Primary outcomes were cervical ripening, initiation/duration of labor, and type of delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 115 women with singleton gestations were consecutively enrolled and assigned to receive intracervical PGE2 (dinoprostone 0.5 mg) by gel (n = 66) or PGE2 (dinoprostone 10 mg) by intravaginal pessary (n = 49).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Independently from parity, the vaginal pessary induced successful cervical ripening with a slightly higher but not statistically significant occurrence of vaginal delivery with respect to gel induction. The mean time interval from induction to vaginal delivery did not differ between groups, despite being shorter for the pessary group in inducation-delivery intervals > 12 h. No significant differences were found between the groups with respect to patients who required a second course of PGE2 (9% vs. 2%), as well as oxytocin (11% vs. 13%) induction. No significant difference was found in the incidence of uterine hyperstimulation and other adverse reactions in nulliparas, or in fetal and neonatal outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Independently from parity, both PGE2 administration routes appeared to be effective in achieving cervical ripening, initiation of labor and optimal type of delivery, and showed the same incidence of side-effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Aniello
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bocchi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Florio
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ignacchiti
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Guidoni
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Centini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cito
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Picciolini
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Severi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Petraglia
mesh_terms: D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000328:Adult; D020070:Cervical Ripening / Q000187:drug effects*; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005316:Fetal Distress / Q000209:etiology; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D010120:Oxytocics / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010298:Parity; D010570:Pessaries; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; D010120:Oxytocics; D015232:Dinoprostone