Menstrual induction with mifepristone and misoprostol.
Menstrual induction refers to early uterine evacuation without laboratory confirmation of pregnancy in women with delayed menses. Mechanical aspiration is the method used in many countries but, as suggested by a pilot study, mifepristone followed by a prostaglandin analogue could also be effective. We launched the present study to evaluate the efficacy and side effects of 150 mg of mifepristone, followed 2 days later by 0.4 mg misoprostol vaginally, for menstrual induction among women with a menstrual delay of up to 7 days. The outcome of treatment was uterine evacuation, which could mean menstruation or termination of early pregnancy. A total of 720 women were recruited. The mean delay of menstruation at recruitment was 4.9 (SD = 1.7) days. Retrospective analysis of human chorionic gonadotropin from serum samples taken at admission showed that 492 (68.3%) women were pregnant at admission, and 228 (31.7%) women had delayed menstruation without pregnancy. One nonpregnant woman was lost to follow-up. Bleeding was induced in 479 (97.4%) pregnant women and in 222 (97.8%) nonpregnant women. Among the pregnant women, 455 (92.5%) had complete abortion, 12 (2.4%) had incomplete abortion and pregnancy continued in 25 (5.1%) women, including one ectopic pregnancy. Side effects were mild and uncommon. We conclude that 95.8% of the women treated had the expected outcome. Further research is needed to compare the efficacy, safety and acceptability of the medical regimen to vacuum aspiration. A rather high continuing pregnancy rate in this study is a concern.
Xiao
Bilian
B
National Research Institute for Family Planning, No. 12 Da Hui Si, 100081, Beijing, People's Republic of China. xiaobl@public.bta.net.cn
von Hertzen
Helena
H
Zhao
Heng
H
Piaggio
Gilda
G
D000328:Adult; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D003283:Contraceptives, Postcoital, Synthetic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008598:Menstruation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008600:Menstruation-Inducing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015735:Mifepristone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016595:Misoprostol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D003283:Contraceptives, Postcoital, Synthetic; D008600:Menstruation-Inducing Agents; D016595:Misoprostol; D015735:Mifepristone