title: Human metapneumovirus-associated lower respiratory tract infections among hospitalized human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected and HIV-1-uninfected African infants.
abstract: Respiratory tract infections due to human metapneumovirus (hMPV) have been reported worldwide, with the exception of Africa. The prevalence of hMPV infection was studied among human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-infected and HIV-1-uninfected African infants who were hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs). Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples obtained from 81 HIV-1-infected and 110 HIV-1-uninfected infants who had tested negative for other respiratory viruses were selected for investigation. hMPV was detected in 10 HIV-1-uninfected infants (9.1%) and 3 HIV-1-infected infants (3.7%). Compared with the entire cohort of HIV-1-uninfected infants, hMPV was 4.6-fold less common than respiratory syncytial virus, but it was 3.2-fold more common than influenza virus and 2.1-fold more common than parainfluenza virus types 1-3. Genotyping of 7 of 14 isolates revealed the circulation of 2 major phylogenetic groups of the virus, which were similar to those described in North America and Europe.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Communicable Diseases/University of the Witwatersrand/Medical Research Council Respiratory and Meningeal Pathogens Research Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. shabir.madhi@nhls.ac.za
authors.forename: Shabir A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Madhi
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ludewick
authors.forename: Yacine
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abed
authors.forename: Keith P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Klugman
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Boivin
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D044383:Black People; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D015497:HIV-1; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000150:complications*; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology