title: Putting the International Space Station to work.
abstract: The International Space Station (ISS) is the largest international cooperative science and technology project ever undertaken. Involving the United States, Russia, Japan, Canada and 10 ESA Member States, it is now rapidly becoming a reality in orbit, offering unprecedented access for research and applications under space conditions. Europe has invested heavily in this endeavour and plans to exploit that investment by a vigorous utilisation of the ISS for life and physical sciences research and applications, space science, Earth observation, space technology development, the promotion of commercial access to space, and the use of space for educational purposes. In recent years, ESA has engaged in an intensive promotional effort to encourage potential user communities to exploit the novel opportunities that the ISS offers. It has also made significant financial commitments to develop both multi-user facilities for life and physical sciences studies in the Columbus Laboratory, and observational and technology exposure instruments using the external Columbus mounting locations, as well as giving financial support to promote commercial and educational activities. ESA has now elaborated a European Strategy for the efficient utilisation of the ISS by European scientists and other users, which is being coordinated with the Agency's Member States contributing to the ISS Programme, and with the European Science Foundation (ESF). In cooperation with the European Commission, ESA is also fostering synergy with the European Commission's Framework Programmes in terms of shared R&D objectives. This article describes the plan that has been evolved to integrate all of these various elements.
authors.affiliation: ESA Directorate of Human Spaceflight, Research & Applications ESTEC, Noordwijk, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clancy
mesh_terms: D055580:Astronomical Phenomena; D001256:Astronomy; D001690:Biological Science Disciplines; D002170:Canada; D005060:Europe; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D007390:International Agencies; D007391:International Cooperation; D007564:Japan; D010811:Natural Science Disciplines; D012106:Research; D012426:Russia; D013026:Space Flight / Q000191:economics* / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000458:organization & administration; D018531:Spacecraft / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014481:United States; D014893:Weightlessness