[Matrix metalloproteinases and colorectal cancer].
Malignant tumors have the ability to invade normal tissue and to spread to distant sites giving rise to metastasis, which are major factors in the morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer. Invasion and metastasis involve attachment of tumor cells to the basement membrane, degradation of the local connective tissue, and penetration and migration through proteolyzed stroma. The key enzymes responsible for ECM breakdown are matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). To date, 26 MMP genes have been identified in humans, and many are implicated in cancer. ECM degradation by MMPs not only enhances tumor invasion, but also affects tumor cell behavior and leads to cancer progression. This review highlights recent developments with regard to the cellular and molecular mechanisms of MMPs that influence colorectal tumor cell growth, invasion, and metastasis.
Roeb
Elke
E
Medizinische Klinik III, Universitätsklinikum der RWTH, Aachen. eroeb@ukaachen.de
Matern
Siegfried
S
D000818:Animals; D017364:Collagenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D011379:Prognosis
D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D017364:Collagenases; C507079:MMP13 protein, human; D053509:Matrix Metalloproteinase 13; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; C507081:Mmp13 protein, mouse; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020783:Matrix Metalloproteinase 7; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1