title: Utilization patterns and net direct medical cost to Medicaid of irritable bowel syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with irritable bowel syndrome are frequent users of the health care system.
  
  
  METHODS
  This retrospective matched case-control study assessed the economic impact of irritable bowel syndrome on the Medicaid program by comparing the health care utilization and expenditures of Medicaid patients with irritable bowel syndrome in California and North Carolina with age-, sex-, and race-matched control groups without the syndrome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average annual Medicaid expenditures per case of diagnosed irritable bowel syndrome were 2952 dollars and 5908 dollars in California and North Carolina, respectively; corresponding unadjusted net incremental expenditures were 962 dollars and 2191 dollars, respectively. In both states, patients with irritable bowel syndrome incurred greater costs than controls for physician visits, outpatient visits, and prescription drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Irritable bowel syndrome was shown to impose an economic burden on the Medicaid program. The cost of treating patients with irritable bowel syndrome is higher than the cost of treating matched ambulatory Medicaid recipients without the condition.
authors.affiliation: University of Georgia College of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Care Administration Graduate Program, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA. bmartin@rx.uga.edu
authors.forename: Bradley C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ganguly
authors.forename: Sandhya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pannicker
authors.forename: Feride
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frech
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barghout
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002140:California; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017281:Cost of Illness; D004180:Direct Service Costs; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008484:Medicaid / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009657:North Carolina; D012189:Retrospective Studies