title: In vivo and in vitro cytokine modulatory activity of newly synthesised 2-aminotetraline derivatives.
abstract: In the present study, the protective effect of newly synthesised 2-aminotetralines was investigated in murine models of toxic shock. A few derivatives protected mice against lethality induced by lipopolysaccharide from different bacterial strains and shock induced by staphylococcal enterotoxin B in mice sensitized by D-Galactosamine (D-Galn). Notably, one derivative, S(-)-2-amino-6-fluoro-7-methoxy-1,2,3,4 tetrahydronaphthalene hydrochloride (ST1214), was also effective when administered orally (30 mg kg-1) in a therapeutic regimen. ST1214 markedly inhibited the production of the proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), Interleukin-12 (IL-12), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), as well as the inflammatory mediator nitric oxide (NO), and concurrently enhanced the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. Moreover, ST1214 dose-dependently reduced TNF-alpha production by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells and promonocytic THP-1 cells in vitro. In the latter, ST1214 was found to inhibit lipopolysaccharide-induced TNF-alpha secretion but not cytokine mRNA accumulation. These results suggest that the mechanism of action of ST1214 involves blockade of posttranscriptional events of TNF-alpha production, apparently independent of p38 and ERK kinase activity. These results show beneficial effects of 2-aminotetralines in murine shock models and indicate a distinct counter-regulatory activity in down-regulating proinflammatory cytokine response, and upregulating IL-10. One derivative, i.e., ST1214, can be regarded as a lead compound in the development of novel drugs effective in anti-inflammatory strategies.
authors.affiliation: R&D Sigma-tau S.p.A Pomezia, Italy. vito.ruggiero@sigma-tau.it
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ruggiero
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piovesan
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fabrizi
authors.forename: Giuliana M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Lauro
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Campo
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Albertoni
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nucera
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carminati
authors.forename: Orlando
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ghirardi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005688:Galactosamine / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012769:Shock; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D004768:Enterotoxins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C493259:ST1214; D013764:Tetrahydronaphthalenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; C006561:2-aminotetralin; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C031818:enterotoxin B, staphylococcal; D012313:RNA; D005688:Galactosamine; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases