title: Methodology for perceptual assessment of speech in patients with cleft palate: a critical review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review of 88 articles in three international journals was undertaken for the purpose of investigating the methodology for perceptual speech assessment in patients with cleft palate. The articles were published between 1980 and 2000 in the Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, the International Journal of Language and Communication Disorders, and Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The majority of articles (76) were published in the Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Journal, with an increase in articles during the 1990s and 2000. Information about measures or variables was clearly given in all articles. However, the review raises several major concerns regarding method for collection and documentation of data and method for measurement. The most distressing findings were the use of a cross-sectional design in studies of few patients with large age ranges and different types of clefts, the use of highly variable speech samples, and the lack of information about listeners and on reliability. It is hoped that ongoing national and international collaborative efforts to standardize procedures for collection and analysis of perceptual data will help to eliminate such concerns and thus make comparison of published results possible in the future.
authors.affiliation: Cleft Palate Centre, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, and the Department of Logopedics, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. anette.lohmander@logopedic.gu.se
authors.forename: Anette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lohmander
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olsson
mesh_terms: D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications*; D018865:Dental Research / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D018401:Sample Size; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D013068:Speech Production Measurement / Q000379:methods*