title: [Gender differences in cardiology].
abstract: Frequent reports of gender differences in cardiology prompted us to study the cardiological situation in Tyrol, Austria, from 1995 to 2000. Mortality statistics for heart deaths 1995: women 1008 (53.5%), men 875 (46.5%); 2000: women 1104 (58.2%), men 792 (41.8%). Coronary heart deaths 1995: women 572 (50.0%), men 571 (50.0%); 2000: women 634 (54.4%), men 531 (45.6%). Angiograms 1995: women 332 (33.9%), men 646 (66.1%); 2000: women 688 (32.5%), men 1429 (67.5%). Bypass surgery 1995: women 54 (33.0%), men 156 (67.0%); 2000: women 42 (27.5%), men 157 (72.5%). Heart deaths 1995-2000: women +9.5%, men -9.5%; coronary heart deaths 1995-2000: women +10.8%, men -7.0%. By (welcome) contrast, coronary angiograms 1995-2000: women +107.2%, men +121.2%. Bypass operations 1995-2000: women -22.2%, men +0.6%. Life expectancy 1995-2000: women +0.6%, men +0.6%. Patient age at heart death 1995-2000: women +1.8%, men +2.5%. In aggregate, we see that for decades more women than men have died a heart death, but that cardiac mortalities remain a typically "male bastion" with persistent gender differences in access to clinical cardiology. The worsening trend for women begs for awareness programs and corresponding preventive measures.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Ludwig Boltzmann Institut für Kardiologische Geschlechterforschung, Innsbruck. margarethe.hochleitner@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: Margarethe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hochleitner
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bader
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D012727:Sex Characteristics