title: Melanoma differentiation associated gene-7, mda-7/interleukin-24, induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by promoting mitochondrial dysfunction and inducing reactive oxygen species.
abstract: Mda-7/IL-24 (Ad.mda-7) is a novel cytokine gene belonging to the interleukin (IL) 10 gene superfamily. Adenoviral-mediated delivery of mda-7/IL-24 causes growth suppression and apoptosis in a wide spectrum of cancer cells, including prostate, without harming normal cells. We now demonstrate that Ad.mda-7 selectively induces apoptosis in prostate cancer cells by promoting mitochondrial dysfunction and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Antioxidants (N-acetyl-L-cysteine and Tiron) and inhibitors of mitochondrial permeability transition (cyclosporine A and bongkrekic acid) inhibit Ad.mda-7-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. Conversely, agents augmenting ROS production (arsenic trioxide, NSC656240, and PK11195) facilitate Ad.mda-7-induced apoptosis. Ectopic expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) inhibits mitochondrial changes, ROS production, and apoptosis providing additional support for an association between mitochondrial dysfunction and Ad.mda-7 action. These studies present definitive evidence that changes in mitochondrial function and ROS production are key components associated with selective killing of prostate cancer cells by mda-7/IL-24.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Irina V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Lebedeva
authors.forename: Zao-Zhong
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Devanand
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kitada
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dent
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waxman
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Fisher
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D000099180:Interleukin-24
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D051020:bcl-X Protein; D000099180:Interleukin-24; C494811:BCL2L1 protein, human