title: Vitamin E treatment in pediatric obesity-related liver disease: a randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A beneficial role of antioxidants in hepatopathic obese individuals has hitherto been inferred only from uncontrolled pilot studies. The authors compared the effect of vitamin E and weight loss on transaminase values and on ultrasonographic bright liver in a controlled group of children with obesity-related liver dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight children with obesity-related hypertransaminasemia and bright liver were randomly allocated to two single-blind groups: group 1 (n = 14) treated with a low-calorie diet associated with oral placebo for 5 months, and group 2 (n = 14) treated with a low-calorie diet associated with oral vitamin E (400 mg/d x 2 months, 100 mg/d x 3 months). Transaminase values and ultrasonographic liver brightness along with weight loss and vitamin E levels were monitored.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Variations in transaminase levels and percentage of patients with normalized transaminase values were comparable in the two groups. The disappearance of bright liver was observed only in patients who lost weight and was twice as common in patients from group 1. Two subgroups of patients with complete normalization of transaminase values emerged as a consequence of controlled adherence to diet alone (n = 6; significant decrease of percent overweight: P = 0.0019 ) and to vitamin E alone (n = 7; unmodified percent overweight and significant increase of vitamin E/cholesterol ratio: P < 0.0001). Changes in treatment-induced alanine aminotransferase levels in these two subgroups were comparable at month 2, whereas values at month 5 were significantly lower in the subgroup adherent to diet alone (P = 0.04). In the subgroup adherent to vitamin E alone, after 2 months washout, transaminase remained stable in 5 patients and increased in 2; bright liver persisted in all.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral vitamin E warrants consideration in obesity-related liver dysfunction for children unable to adhere to low-calorie diets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Naples Federico II, Italy. vajro@unina.it
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vajro
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mandato
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franzese
authors.forename: Edmondo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ciccimarra
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lucariello
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Savoia
authors.forename: Grazia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Capuano
authors.forename: Fiorella
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Migliaro
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D014810:Vitamin E; D000637:Transaminases; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase