title: Transgenic mouse model for echovirus myocarditis and paralysis.
abstract: Echoviruses have been implicated in multiple human disease syndromes, including aseptic meningitis, paralysis, and heart disease, but no animal model is available for studying the pathogenesis of infection. Production of human integrin very late antigen 2, a receptor for echovirus type 1, in transgenic mice conferred susceptibility to viral infection. Intracerebral inoculation of newborn transgenic mice with echovirus leads to paralysis and wasting. No disease was observed in infected nontransgenic mice. In paralyzed mice significant damage was observed in the outer layers of the cerebrum, and numerous condensed neuronal nuclei were present. In contrast, intracerebral inoculation of adolescent (3- to 4-week-old) transgenic mice with echovirus type 1 did not lead to paralysis but an acute wasting phenotype and myocarditis. These findings establish human very late antigen 2 transgenic mice as a model for echovirus pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Microbiology and Pathology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Harshwardhan M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Thaker
authors.forename: Vincent R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Racaniello
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000502:physiology; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D038982:Integrin alpha2beta1 / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D010243:Paralysis / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D038982:Integrin alpha2beta1