The association of homocysteine and coronary artery disease.
Hyperhomocysteinemia has been associated with increased risk of atherosclerosis and myocardial infarction by a number of prospective case-control studies. A variety of genetic mutations, nutritional deficiencies, disease states, and drugs can elevate homocysteine concentrations. Treatment with folic acid with or without B-complex vitamins effectively lowers homocysteine levels. Whether therapy corresponds with decreased risk of coronary events is unknown, but may be promising. This article reviews the biochemistry of homocysteine metabolism, pathogeneisis, and etiology of hyperhomocysteinemia, along with its association with coronary artery disease, screening, and treatment.
Gauthier
Gregory M
GM
Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin Hospital and Clinics, Madison, Wisconsin 53792, USA. gm.gauthier@hosp.wisc.edu
Keevil
Jon G
JG
McBride
Patrick E
PE
D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors
D006710:Homocysteine