title: [Acute dystonia from metoclopramide in children].
abstract: A retrospective study (1995-2000) of reports of cases of metoclopramide poisoning collected at the Lille poison control centre (184 phone calls) shows the frequent occurrence of acute dystonia in children (81 cases). These spectacular extrapyramidal symptoms consist of abnormal movements (31 cases), local hypertonia (30 cases), acute dyskinesia (17 cases), general hypertonia (16 cases) and oculogyric crisis (13 cases). There is no dose-effect correlation and sex has no influence on the occurrence of neurological symptoms. Medical management is simple surveillance or symptomatic therapy (a sedative drug and/or anti-parkinsonian therapy and/or a gastrointestinal adsorbent). Hospitalisation was needed in only 9.1% of cases. Providing better information to physicians about metoclopramide adverse effects and their medical management should allow a reduction in the number of unnecessary hospitalizations.
authors.affiliation: Centre Antipoison de Lille, CHRU, Lille, France. c-cezard@chru-lille.fr
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cézard
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nisse
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Quaranta
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Peucelle
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mathieu-Nolf
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000506:poisoning*; D004421:Dystonia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008787:Metoclopramide / Q000506:poisoning*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D008787:Metoclopramide