title: Capecitabine inhibits postoperative recurrence and metastasis after liver cancer resection in nude mice with relation to the expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was to investigate the effect of capecitabine on recurrent tumor and metastasis after curative resection of liver cancer, xenograft of a highly metastatic human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) tumor (LCI-D20), with special reference to the expression of platelet-derived endothelial cell growth factor (PD-ECGF).
  
  
  METHODS
  LCI-D20 and LCI-D35 (a low metastatic human HCC model) liver tumors were orthotopically implanted in 96 nude mice and divided into a treatment group (24 LCI-D20 mice and 24 LCI-D35 mice) and a prevention group (48 LCI-D20 mice). In the prevention group, curative resection of liver tumors was done 10 days after the orthotopic implantation of LCI-D20 tumor. Arabic gum (control), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), and capecitabine were administrated respectively to all of the 96 mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the treatment group, tumor volume was 468 +/- 138, 442 +/- 81, and 240 +/- 119 mm3 (P<0.01) in the control, 5-FU, and capecitabine subgroups, respectively, in LCI-D20 mice, whereas it was 168 +/- 35, 164 +/- 23, and 144 +/- 21 mm3 (P>0.05), respectively, in LCI-D35 mice. In the prevention group, incidence of liver recurrence in the control, 5-FU, and capecitabine subgroups was 100, 100, and 50%; lung metastasis being 100, 100, and 17%; and life span being 31 +/- 5, 37 +/- 5, and 77 +/- 19 days, respectively. PD-ECGF was highly expressed in HCC and its metastatic tissues in LCI-D20 mice and hardly expressed in HCC tissues in LCI-D35 mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Capecitabine inhibits tumor growth and metastatic recurrence after resection of HCC in highly metastatic nude mice model. The effect of capecitabine may be attributed to the high expression of PD-ECGF in tumors.
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhao-You
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Zhi-Quan
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Yong-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Ying-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Xiao-Ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qi-Man
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yin-Kun
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sheng-Long
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ye
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069287:Capecitabine; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D006801:Humans; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000188:drug therapy; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011182:Postoperative Care; D013939:Thymidine Phosphorylase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D000069287:Capecitabine; D013939:Thymidine Phosphorylase; D005472:Fluorouracil