Suppression of pain and the R2 component of the blink reflex during optokinetic stimulation.
The effect of exposure to a rotating optokinetic drum on the electrically evoked blink reflex was investigated in 20 healthy volunteers. Pain ratings and the area under the curve of the R2 component of the blink reflex to innocuous and nociceptive trigeminal stimulation decreased substantially during and after optokinetic stimulation. At low shock intensities, R2 decreased most during optokinetic stimulation in subjects who did not develop symptoms of motion sickness. In contrast, during the recovery period after optokinetic stimulation, suppression of R2 to moderate and intense stimuli was greatest in the most nauseated subjects. These findings suggest that a mechanism that suppresses symptoms of motion sickness during sensory conflict also inhibits activity in wide dynamic range neurones in the trigeminal nucleus caudalis. Nausea in the absence of sensory conflict may inhibit R2 to intense electrical stimulation by provoking diffuse noxious inhibitory controls.
Drummond
P D
PD
School of Psychology, Murdoch University, 6150 Western Australia, Australia. drummond@central.murdoch.edu.au
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001767:Blinking; D004244:Dizziness / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009041:Motion Sickness / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009325:Nausea / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods