Crystal structure of a central stalk subunit C and reversible association/dissociation of vacuole-type ATPase.
The vacuole-type ATPases (V-ATPases) exist in various intracellular compartments of eukaryotic cells to regulate physiological processes by controlling the acidic environment. The crystal structure of the subunit C of Thermus thermophilus V-ATPase, homologous to eukaryotic subunit d of V-ATPases, has been determined at 1.95-A resolution and located into the holoenzyme complex structure obtained by single particle analysis as suggested by the results of subunit cross-linking experiments. The result shows that V-ATPase is substantially longer than the related F-type ATPase, due to the insertion of subunit C between the V(1) (soluble) and the V(o) (membrane bound) domains. Subunit C, attached to the V(o) domain, seems to have a socket like function in attaching the central-stalk subunits of the V(1) domain. This architecture seems essential for the reversible association/dissociation of the V(1) and the V(o) domains, unique for V-ATPase activity regulation.
Iwata
Momi
M
ATP System Project, Exploratory Research for Advanced Technology, Japan Science and Technology Corporation, 5800-3 Nagatsuta, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-0026, Japan.
Imamura
Hiromi
H
Stambouli
Elizabeth
E
Ikeda
Chiyo
C
Tamakoshi
Masatada
M
Nagata
Koji
K
Makyio
Hisayoshi
H
Hankamer
Ben
B
Barber
Jim
J
Yoshida
Masasuke
M
Yokoyama
Ken
K
Iwata
So
S
D001483:Base Sequence; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D020035:Holoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008958:Models, Molecular; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D021122:Protein Subunits; D055672:Static Electricity; D016963:Thermus thermophilus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D020035:Holoenzymes; D021122:Protein Subunits; D025262:Vacuolar Proton-Translocating ATPases