title: The efficacy and safety of topical polymyxin B, neomycin and gramicidin for treatment of presumed bacterial corneal ulceration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of topical polymyxin B, neomycin, and gramicidin for the treatment of suspected bacterial corneal ulceration at the Leiden University Medical Center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with a diagnosis of a suspected bacterial corneal ulcer between April 1995 and February 2002 were retrospectively identified and reviewed; clinical and microbiological features and response to therapy were analysed. All patients were treated with Polyspectran eye drops.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 91 patients were included in this analysis. Bacteriological cultures of 46 patients (51%) were positive and revealed 51 microorganisms. Staphylococcus aureus (29.4%) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (23.5%) were the most frequently encountered bacteria. Eighteen patients switched therapy before complete healing of the corneal ulceration, four patients were lost to follow up. Of the 69 patients who completed Polyspectran treatment, re-epithelialisation occurred in 68 patients (99%) and on average took 12.6 (median 8) days. Among 91 patients, there were four perforations and one evisceration. Seven toxic or allergic reactions were reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that the combination of polymyxin B, neomycin, and gramicidin is an effective and safe treatment of suspected corneal ulceration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, PO Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands. m.i.bosscha@lumc.nl
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Bosscha
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: van Dissel
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kuijper
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Swart
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jager
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003320:Corneal Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006096:Gramicidin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009355:Neomycin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011112:Polymyxin B / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D006096:Gramicidin; D009355:Neomycin; D011112:Polymyxin B