[The Temporal Smile. Speech therapy for facial palsy patients after temporal lengthening myoplasty].
We present our approach to speech therapy developed for patients with definitive peripheral facial palsy treated by temporal lengthening myoplasty. The main goal is to rehabilitate smiling function, a major component in social communication codes, by transferring labial and jugal functions to the transferred temporal muscle. Several phases are involved. The first phase, termed the Mandibular Smile involves mobilization of the mandible (original function of the temporal) by contraction of the transferred temporal and inducing an elevation of the commissura labiorum. The second phase, the Voluntary Temporal Smile is obtained by contraction of the temporal independently of mandibular movement which remains under voluntary control. The smile produces should become as symmetrical as possible. Finally, the last phase is designed to achieve a spontaneous smile independent of mandibular movement Spontaneous Temporal Smile. Temporal contraction should produce both a "real" expressive smile and good quality articulate speech, saliva evacuation, prehension, and labial junction. Acquisition of the Temporal Smile involves cerebral plasticity implying rehabilitation processes both on the peripheral and central levels.
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D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008046:Lip / Q000503:physiopathology; D008334:Mandible / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology; D012904:Smiling / Q000502:physiology; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology; D013070:Speech Therapy; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000637:transplantation*; D014059:Tongue / Q000503:physiopathology