title: Reduction in Smad2/3 signaling enhances tumorigenesis but suppresses metastasis of breast cancer cell lines.
abstract: The role of transforming growth factor beta in breast cancer is controversial with tumor suppressor and pro-oncogenic activities having been demonstrated. To address whether the same or different signal transduction pathways mediate these opposing activities, we manipulated the Smad2/3 signaling pathway in cells of common origin but differing degrees of malignancy derived from MCF10A human breast cells. We show that interference with endogenous Smad2/3 signaling enhances the malignancy of xenografted tumors of premalignant and well-differentiated tumor cells but strongly suppresses lung metastases of more aggressive carcinoma cells after tail vein injection. Overexpression of Smad3 in the same cells has opposite effects. The data demonstrate that the Smad2/3 signaling pathway mediates tumor suppressor and prometastatic signals, depending on the cellular context.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Regulation and Carcinogenesis, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-5055, USA.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Stacey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: DaCosta Byfield
authors.forename: W Tony
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Parks
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Angelina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Felici
authors.forename: Binwu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Ester
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Piek
authors.forename: Lalage M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Wakefield
authors.forename: Anita B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497782:SMAD2 protein, human; C497790:SMAD3 protein, human; D051899:Smad2 Protein; C497783:Smad2 protein, mouse; D051900:Smad3 Protein; C497791:Smad3 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta