title: Gender-related differences in the pharmacodynamics of furosemide in rats.
abstract: The possibility of gender differences in the relationship between dose and efficacy of drugs has historically been limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the influence of sex on the pharmacodynamics of furosemide (FUR) in adult Wistar rats. Conventional renal clearance studies were performed in the absence and in the presence of a FUR dose necessary to produce identical urine excretion rates of FUR in both sexes. Fractional excretions of sodium, potassium, and water were similar in male and female rats in the absence of FUR. Natriuretic, kaliuretic, and diuretic responses to FUR, when expressed in fractional terms, were significantly increased in female rats. Diuretic, natriuretic, and kaliuretic efficiencies of FUR were also higher in female rats as compared with males. This might be explained by the lower abundance of the Na-K-2Cl cotransporter observed in homogenates from the medullae of female kidneys as compared with male ones.
authors.affiliation: Area Farmacología, Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad Nacional de Rosario, CONICET, Rosario, Argentina.
authors.forename: Anabel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brandoni
authors.forename: Silvina R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Villar
authors.forename: Adriana M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Torres
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D004232:Diuretics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005665:Furosemide / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D028021:Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters / Q000378:metabolism; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics; D028021:Sodium-Potassium-Chloride Symporters; D005665:Furosemide; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium