title: The carbon nanocosmos: novel materials for the twenty-first century.
abstract: Carbon is one of the elements most abundant in nature. It is essential for living organisms and, as an element, occurs in several morphologies. Nowadays, carbon is encountered widely in our daily lives in its various forms and compounds, such as graphite, diamond, hydrocarbons, fibres, soot, oil, complex molecules, etc. However, in the last decade, carbon science and technology have enlarged its scope following the discovery of fullerenes (carbon nanocages) and the identification of carbon nanotubes (rolled graphene sheets). These novel nanostructures possess physico-chemical properties different from those of bulk graphite and diamond. It is expected that numerous technological applications will arise using such fascinating structures. This account summarizes the most relevant achievements regarding the production, properties and applications of nanoscale carbon structures and, in particular, of carbon nanotubes. It is believed that nanocarbons will be crucial for the development of emerging technologies in the following years.
authors.affiliation: Advanced Materials Department, Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica (IPICyT), Camino a la Presa San José 2055, Lomas 4a. sección, 78216 San Luis Potosí, Mexico. hterrones@ipicyt.edu.mx
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terrones
authors.forename: Humberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terrones
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry*; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D037741:Fullerenes; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D002244:Carbon