title: Effects of clinical service reorganisation on cellular pathology workload.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess changes in volume and complexity of cellular pathology workload after clinical service reorganisation and alterations in pathology reporting practices, and to identify objective measures of change applicable to all cellular pathology departments. The ear, nose, and throat (ENT), head and neck (HN) specialty was chosen for assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cellular pathology workload from the ENT-HN surgical specialty was assessed numerically and the complexity in examination of cancer resection specimens was evaluated. Medical and technical time inputs in the reporting of ENT-HN cancer resections were measured prospectively, and the histological and cytological workload arising from the management of such cases was obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 88.83% increase in ENT-HN specimens contrasted with a 13.53% increase in total surgical workload. Substantial increases in work complexity were found when measured as blocks/slides for each case and number of histochemical/immunohistochemical requests. On average, examination of one ENT-HN cancer case consumed 55% of one pathologist's work session and over one 10th of a technician's working week. On average, each cancer generated 3.3 histological and 1.06 cytological specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evidence is provided of the increase in cellular pathology workload and in its complexity. This study lists objective measures of complexity applicable to all pathology subspecialties. Given the workforce crisis and expanding clinical needs, realistic workload calculations should include measurement of complexity and not just volumes.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT and Head and Neck Surgery, The Radcliffe Infirmary, Woodstock Road, Oxford OX2 6HE, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corbridge
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Chaplin
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Millard
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D004739:England; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000458:organization & administration; D010337:Pathology Department, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D010340:Pathology, Surgical / Q000458:organization & administration; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016526:Workload / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*