title: Mapping cyclic change of regional myocardial blood volume using steady-state susceptibility effect of iron oxide nanoparticles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate an in vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique that maps the cyclic change of regional myocardial blood volume (MBV) during the cardiac cycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The method is based on the dominant T(2)* shortening effect of iron oxide nanoparticle-induced magnetic susceptibility perturbation in myocardium in the steady state. The technique was demonstrated in vivo with normal mouse hearts at 9.4 T. The regional MBV maps in left ventricular myocardium were computed from the steady-state pre- and post-monocrystalline iron oxide nanoparticle (MION) gradient echo (GE) cine images. Cyclic changes of MBV in normal mice were analyzed quantitatively in different transmural and angular locations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High-resolution MBV maps at various cardiac points were obtained. The study showed a general regional MBV decrease from end-diastole (ED) to end-systole (ES). Percentage reductions were 18.2 +/- 6.6%, P < 0.03 in the lateral wall and 24.7 +/- 3.1%, P < 0.0002 in the interventricular septum. The heterogeneous characteristics of MBV transmural distribution were also reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The steady-state susceptibility effect of intravascular superparamagnetic contrast agent (CA) can be used to map the cyclic change of regional MBV. This imaging approach is relatively simple and may provide a new perspective for functional assessment of the microvasculature in myocardium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA. xew1@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Ed X
authors.initials: EX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Haiying
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Kelvin K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001810:Blood Volume; D007501:Iron; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D009206:Myocardium; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010087:Oxides; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D010087:Oxides; D007501:Iron