title: Induction chemoradiotherapy and surgical resection for selected stage IIIB non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Combination chemotherapy using an oral combination of uracil and tegafur (UFT) plus cisplatin and concurrent thoracic radiotherapy is reported to have a high response rate and less toxicity for locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. We performed a phase II trial using this chemoradiotherapy as an induction treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with marginally resectable stage IIIB NSCLC, an age younger than 70 years, a performance status of 0 or 1, and good organ function were eligible. The UFT (400 mg/m(2)) was administered orally on days 1 through 14 and 22 through 35 and cisplatin (80 mg/m(2)) was injected intravenously on days 8 and 29. Radiotherapy with a total dose of 40 Gy was delivered in 20 fractions from day 1. A surgical resection was performed from 3 to 6 weeks after completing the induction treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-seven patients, 18 male and 9 female with a median age of 56 years and ranging from 36 to 69 years, were entered into the phase II trial. Clinical T4 and N3 cancers were observed in 22 and 7 patients, respectively. Twenty-five (93%) achieved a partial response. The most frequently observed adverse event was grade 3 leukopenia in 26%. Of 25 patients who underwent a thoracotomy, 22 had a tumor resection. In all 22 patients a complex resection including a resection of the superior vena cava, carina, and vertebrae was required. Operative morbidity and mortality rates were 36% and 4% respectively. The calculated 1-year and 3-year survival rates of all 27 patients were 73% and 56% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chemotherapy using UFT plus cisplatin and concurrent radiotherapy as induction treatment and a surgical resection for patients with marginally resectable stage IIIB NSCLC is feasible and promising. However it is difficult to conduct multi-institutional trials even for selected stage IIIB disease as a complex resection in almost all patients is necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Kyushu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan. yichinos@nk-cc.go.jp
authors.forename: Yukito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: Yasuro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuyama
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Asoh
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ushijima
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D005641:Tegafur / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014498:Uracil / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D005641:Tegafur; D014498:Uracil; D002945:Cisplatin