title: Relationship between Tear TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, and EGF levels and severity of conjunctival cicatrization in patients with inactive trachoma.
abstract: Tear tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-beta1), and epidermal growth factor (EGF) levels were determined in patients with inactive trachoma, and a possible relation between these cytokines and conjunctival cicatrization severity was investigated. Forty-four patients with inactive trachoma who were admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology at the Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey, were included in this study. The control group consisted of 20 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects. The levels of cytokines in tears were measured by ELISA. Tear samples were collected from the conjunctival cul-de-sac by means of blunted-tip glass capillary tubes. Eyes with inactive trachoma were classified into three subgroups with respect to conjunctiva cicatrization: mild, moderate, and severe. In 44 patients with inactive trachoma, conjunctival cicatrization was found, including mild (n = 15), moderate (n = 16), and severe (n = 13) cases. In patients with inactive trachoma, decreases in tear EGF (p = 0.000) concentrations and increases in tear TGF-beta1 (p = 0.006) and TNF-alpha (p = 0.046) levels with respect to the control group were found to be concordant with conjunctival cicatrization severity. Statistically significant correlations in tear TNF-alpha (p = 0.018), TGF-beta1 (p = 0.007), and EGF (p = 0.043) levels were found between mild and severe cicatrization groups. TNF-alpha and TGF-beta1 have been implicated in the fibrogenic process. Elevated tear levels of inflammatory/fibrogenic cytokines may play an important role in scar formation in trachoma. It is possible that decreased tear levels of EGF, which may be important for the maintenance of corneal epithelial integrity, are related to fibrosis in the lacrimal gland ductules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey. asatici@superonline.com
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Satici
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guzey
authors.forename: Zeki
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.forename: Adil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kilic
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000473:pathology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010390:Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013666:Tears / Q000378:metabolism*; D014141:Trachoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor