title: [Surgical strategy in the treatment of adrenal cortex cancer. Expanded and repeated interventions].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze our patients affected by adreno-cortical carcinoma (ACC) considering in particular the therapeutical approach in case of local recurrence or metastasis, and to compare our results with those from literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Since 1975 up to 2001, 35 patients with ACC were observed, 27 female and 8 male, aged between 3 and 76 year. All patients were surgically treated, 3 out of which laparoscopically. Thirty patients underwent radical and 5 palliative surgery. Twenty-two patients had extended resections to surrounding infiltrated organs, such as spleen, pancreatic taIl, vena cava, left colon and liver. The intervention was always completed by regional lymphadenectomy. Adjuvant treatment was administered in 17 patients, 4 out of which were re-operated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only one patient died in the perioperative period for hyperacute adrenal failure. The survival rate was 85.7% at one year, 76.5% at two years, 70.8% at three and 28.3% at five years. Out of the 30 patients radically treated, only 3 are disease-free up to now. Local recurrence or metastatic disease was observed in 27 patients, out of which only 9 were eventually surgically treated, once or more times. All non-operated patients died between 1 and 6 months from the recurrence. The survival rate of the 9 re-operated patients was 51% at 2 years, and 22.1% at 5 years. Interestingly, one patient who has been re-operated three times, is still alive and disease-free after 7 years from the first recurrence. No significant difference was observed between Mitotane-treated and non-treated patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According with data from literature, we conclude that surgical therapy of recurring local or metastatic ACC is up to now the best treatment, independently from the original stage of the disease. Controversies still remain about the utility of adjuvant chemotherapy in the primary and the recurrent disease.
authors.affiliation: Università degli Studi di Firenze Divisione di Chirurgia Generale e Vascolare Policlinico di Careggi, Firenze.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Borrelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bergamini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borrelli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reddavide
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lassig
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valeri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D000315:Adrenalectomy / Q000379:methods*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D015993:Life Tables; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008939:Mitotane / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D010166:Palliative Care; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008939:Mitotane