title: Multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV-infected persons, Peru.
abstract: During 1999 to 2000, we identified HIV-infected persons with new episodes of tuberculosis (TB) at 10 hospitals in Lima, Peru, and a random sample of other Lima residents with TB. Multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB was documented in 35 (43%) of 81 HIV-positive patients and 38 (3.9%) of 965 patients who were HIV-negative or of unknown HIV status (p<0.001). HIV-positive patients with MDR-TB were concentrated at three hospitals that treat the greatest numbers of HIV-infected persons with TB. Of patients with TB, those with HIV infection differed from those without known HIV infection in having more frequent prior exposure to clinical services and more frequent previous TB therapy or prophylaxis. However, MDR-TB in HIV-infected patients was not associated with previous TB therapy or prophylaxis. MDR-TB is an ongoing problem in HIV-infected persons receiving care in public hospitals in Lima and Callao; they represent sentinel cases for a potentially larger epidemic of nosocomial MDR-TB.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98104, USA.
authors.forename: Pablo E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: Pedro G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zavala
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arevalo
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ticona
authors.forename: Charles M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Hooton
authors.forename: King K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Holmes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004977:Ethambutol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011718:Pyrazinamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D011718:Pyrazinamide; D004977:Ethambutol; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin