title: Combination of surgery and intralesional verapamil injection in the treatment of the keloid.
abstract: Keloid scars are one of the most challenging problems for physicians and surgeons. These scars have been treated in many ways, with varying success. Verapamil is a widely used calcium channel antagonist, and it has been shown that calcium channel blockers inhibit the synthesis/secretion of extracellular matrix molecules, including collagen, glycosaminoglycans, and fibronectin, and increase collagenase. In this study, we performed total keloid excision in combination with reconstruction with W-plasty or skin grafting and injection of verapamil hydrochloride into the lesions of 21 patients with keloids. Patients were followed for minimum of 2 years, and the treatment outcome was evaluated based on the cosmetic appearances, symptomatic improvements, and the results of microscopic examinations. Also, patient satisfaction was scored with a visual analog scale. Two years after the operations, two patients had keloid in lesser diameter than the original lesions, two patients had lesions that were hypertrophic scars in appearance, and four patients had pruritus. One patient had keloid on the donor site. The rate of patient satisfaction was 6.4 on a scale of 1 to 10. We reviewed the treatment of keloid in this study and obtained one of the lower rates of complication in the literature. We believe that surgical excision with W-plasty or skin grafting and intralesional verapamil injection may be a good alternative in the treatment of keloid.
authors.affiliation: Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Medical Faculty, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey.
authors.forename: Eray
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Copcu
authors.forename: Nazan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sivrioglu
authors.forename: Yucel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oztan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D007627:Keloid / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D013997:Time Factors; D014700:Verapamil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D014700:Verapamil