title: Glutamate uptake determines pathway specificity of long-term potentiation in the neural circuitry of fear conditioning.
abstract: Long-term synaptic modifications in afferent inputs to the amygdala underlie fear conditioning in animals. Fear conditioning to a single sensory modality does not generalize to other cues, implying that synaptic modifications in fear conditioning pathways are input specific. The mechanisms of pathway specificity of long-term potentiation (LTP) are poorly understood. Here we show that inhibition of glutamate transporters leads to the loss of input specificity of LTP in the amygdala slices, as assessed by monitoring synaptic responses at two independent inputs converging on a single postsynaptic neuron. Diffusion of glutamate ("spillover") from stimulated synapses, paired with postsynaptic depolarization, is sufficient to induce LTP in the heterosynaptic pathway, whereas an enzymatic glutamate scavenger abolishes this effect. These results establish active glutamate uptake as a crucial mechanism maintaining the pathway specificity of LTP in the neural circuitry of fear conditioning.
authors.affiliation: McLean Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA 02478, USA.
authors.forename: Evgeny
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsvetkov
authors.forename: Ryong Moon
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Vadim Y
authors.initials: VY
authors.lastname: Bolshakov
mesh_terms: D000679:Amygdala / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology; D013696:Temperature; D013788:Thalamus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018698:Glutamic Acid; D002118:Calcium