title: Acetyl-L-carnitine supplementation restores decreased tissue carnitine levels and impaired lipid metabolism in aged rats.
abstract: The effects of long-term carnitine supplementation on age-related changes in tissue carnitine levels and in lipid metabolism were investigated. The total carnitine levels in heart, skeletal muscle, cerebral cortex, and hippocampus were approximately 20% less in aged rats (22 months old) than in young rats (6 months old). On the contrary, plasma carnitine levels were not affected by aging. Supplementation of acetyl-l-carnitine (ALCAR; 100 mg/kg body weight/day for 3 months) significantly increased tissue carnitine levels in aged rats but had little effect on tissue carnitine levels in young rats. Plasma lipoprotein analyses revealed that triacylglycerol levels in VLDL and cholesterol levels in LDL and in HDL were all significantly higher in aged rats than in young rats. ALCAR treatment decreased all lipoprotein fractions and consequently the levels of triacylglycerol and cholesterol. The reduction in plasma cholesterol contents in ALCAR-treated aged rats was attributable mainly to a decrease of cholesteryl esters rather than to a decrease of free cholesterol. Another remarkable effect of ALCAR was that it decreased the cholesterol content and cholesterol-phospholipid ratio in the brain tissues of aged rats. These results indicate that chronic ALCAR supplementation reverses the age-associated changes in lipid metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Neuronal Function Research Group, Division of Neuroscience and Brain Function, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakaecho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan. yasu@center.tmig.or.jp
authors.forename: Yasukazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Rorie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Fumiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Hatsue
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Waki
authors.forename: Terue
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.forename: Mitsuyo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ando
mesh_terms: D000108:Acetylcarnitine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002331:Carnitine / Q000032:analysis*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004326:Drinking; D004435:Eating; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D000108:Acetylcarnitine; D002331:Carnitine