title: The role of simultaneous gap arthroplasty and distraction osteogenesis in the management of temporo-mandibular joint ankylosis with mandibular deformity in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Temporo-mandibular joint ankylosis is a common cause of acquired deformity in children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Surgical correction of the ankylosis only leaves the patient with an uncorrected mandibular deformity. This study was to evaluate the use of distraction osteogenesis for simultaneous correction of the mandibular deformity.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was done on six children with temporo-mandibular joint ankylosis and mandibular deformity. Uniaxial double pin distractors with Schanz pins were used in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients underwent simultaneous gap arthroplasty and mandibular osteotomy (retromolar) with distractor insertion. Distraction was started on the fifth post-operative day. The patients were put on dynamic temporo-mandibular joint exercises on the first post-operative day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients had a satisfactory mouth opening on follow-up. Satisfactory cosmetic correction of the mandibular deformity was also achieved in all these patients. Some degree of malocclusion resulted from treatment due to which the patients were placed on orthodontic treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distraction osteogenesis can be used simultaneously with gap arthroplasty in patients with temporo-mandibular ankylosis, for the correction of the mandibular deformity.
authors.affiliation: Post Graduate Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, King George's Medical College, Lucknow, India.
authors.forename: Krishna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Sudhir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Arun Kumar
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Sudhir Kumar
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Bhatnagar
mesh_terms: D000844:Ankylosis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D001178:Arthroplasty / Q000379:methods*; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D005146:Facial Asymmetry / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D019186:Mandibular Advancement / Q000379:methods*; D008844:Micrognathism / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D014313:Trismus / Q000209:etiology