title: Tobacco use and dependence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review tobacco use and dependence including nicotine pharmacology and addiction, and pharmacologic treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Professional journals, books, government publications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smoking is addictive and a major health problem. Habitual nicotine use is central to sustaining smoking dependence. This article provides the necessary basis for understanding nicotine addiction and pharmacologic therapies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nurses' knowledge about nicotine addiction is important in helping patients to quit smoking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Nursing, School of Nursing, N631, 2 Koret Way, Box 0610, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0610, USA.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hartley
authors.forename: Erika Sivarajan
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Froelicher
authors.forename: Neal L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Benowitz
mesh_terms: D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009859:Oncology Nursing / Q000592:standards*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000451:nursing* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine