title: Neutralization of Staphylococcus aureus Panton Valentine leukocidin by intravenous immunoglobulin in vitro.
abstract: Panton Valentine leukocidin (PVL) may be responsible for pulmonary necrosis in necrotizing Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia, a highly lethal infection. Commercial intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIg) preparations containing antibodies against PVL might have therapeutic value in this setting, as an adjunct to antimicrobial chemotherapy. To test this possibility, we determined anti-PVL antibody titers in commercial IVIg and the capacity of IVIg to prevent the cytopathic effects of PVL in vitro. Specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays based on purified recombinant PVL (rPVL) showed that IVIg contained specific anti-PVL antibodies. The cytotoxicity of rPVL and of crude culture supernatants of PVL-producing S. aureus strains were investigated by measuring ethidium-bromide incorporation by polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs) in flow cytometric assays, as well as PMN ultrastructural changes by transmission electron microscopy. IVIg was found to neutralize pore formation and the cytopathic effect of both rPVL and S. aureus culture supernatants.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, INSERM E0230, IFR62 Laennec, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gauduchon
authors.forename: Gregoire
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cozon
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vandenesch
authors.forename: Anne-Laure
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Genestier
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Eyssade
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Peyrol
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Etienne
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lina
mesh_terms: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D005098:Exotoxins; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007956:Leukocidins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000276:immunology / Q000633:toxicity; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D009336:Necrosis; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000628:therapy; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000628:therapy; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D005098:Exotoxins; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007956:Leukocidins; C078284:Panton-Valentine leukocidin