title: Reduced fatigue in diaphragm muscle of merosin-deficient DY/DY dystrophic mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The muscular dystrophies comprise a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by the absence of specific glycoproteins located at or near the cell membrane. The effects of dystrophin deficiency on diaphragm contractile function are well delineated, whereas the consequences of merosin (laminin alpha2) deficiency are not well defined.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Studies tested the hypothesis that genetic deficiency of merosin alters diaphragm fatigue resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diaphragm contractile performance was tested in vitro using DY/DY dystrophic mice, which have the same biochemical defect as human classic congenital muscular dystrophies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twitch force/area was reduced by 46% in DY/DY dystrophic diaphragm, but isometric twitch kinetics were not altered. During repetitive 25-Hz stimulation, normal muscle demonstrated early force potentiation lasting 20 s. This was followed by a fast decline in force, with total force loss of approximately 45% over 2 min. Force of dystrophic diaphragm also increased at the onset of stimulation, but remained elevated over baseline values for up to 70 s. Force decline thereafter was slow, amounting to approximately 5% after 2 min and (in a subset of muscle samples stimulated for longer durations) approximately 20% after 5 min. Relaxation rate of normal muscle slowed considerably during repetitive stimulation, whereas that of DY/DY dystrophic diaphragm remained constant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Merosin deficiency increases diaphragm force potentiation and reduces fatigue despite considerable muscle weakness. We speculate that the former may be important for maintaining ventilatory homeostasis in the merosin-deficient muscular dystrophies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Pulmonary), Cleveland VA Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Ohio 44106, USA. exv4@po.cwru.edu
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van Lunteren
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D007797:Laminin / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D009137:Muscular Dystrophy, Animal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D007797:Laminin