title: Induction of apoptosis in nasal polyp fibroblasts by glucocorticoids in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the possible mechanisms underlying the therapeutic mode of action of glucocorticoids (GCs) in nasal polyposis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of GCs on nasal polyps were firstly evaluated by examining the growth of fibroblasts derived from 10 nasal polyps in vitro. Subsequently, the ability of GCs to induce apoptotic cell death in fibroblasts was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Addition of betamethasone 21-phosphate (BET) at a concentration of > 1 x 10(-3) M to cell cultures inhibited cell growth in all cases examined. BET and dexamethasone 21-phosphate, but not testosterone or estradiol, caused apoptotic cell death in 2/10 nasal polyp fibroblasts, as assessed by agarose gel electrophoresis, when the cells were cultured with the agents for > 96 h. The minimum concentration of agent needed to cause apoptosis was 1 x 10(-3) M, which is half of the recommended therapeutic dose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present findings suggest that topical application of GCs in nasal polyposis patients suppresses proliferation of fibroblasts in polyps and results in favorable modification of the clinical status of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Sumiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Kazuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Namba
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hisamitsu
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D001623:Betamethasone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; C004180:dexamethasone 21-phosphate; C028994:betamethasone sodium phosphate; D003907:Dexamethasone; D001623:Betamethasone