title: Patterns of marijuana use among patients with HIV/AIDS followed in a public health care setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine prevalence and patterns of smoked marijuana and perceived benefit and to assess demographic and clinical factors associated with marijuana use among HIV patients in a public health care setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants (n = 252) were recruited via consecutive sampling in public health care clinics. Structured interviews assessed patterns of recent marijuana use, including its perceived benefit for symptom relief. Associations between marijuana use and demographic and clinical variables were examined using univariate and multivariate regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall prevalence of smoked marijuana in the previous month was 23%. Reported benefits included relief of anxiety and/or depression (57%), improved appetite (53%), increased pleasure (33%), and relief of pain (28%). Recent use of marijuana was positively associated with severe nausea (odds ratio [OR] = 4.0, P = 0.004) and recent use of alcohol (OR = 7.5, P < 0.001) and negatively associated with being Latino (OR = 0.07, P < 0.001). No associations between marijuana use and pain symptoms were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that providers be advised to assess routinely and better understand patients' "indications" for self-administration of cannabis. Given the estimated prevalence, more formal characterization of the patterns and impact of cannabis use to alleviate HIV-associated symptoms is warranted. Clinical trials of smoked and noncombustible marijuana are needed to determine the role of cannabinoids as a class of agents with potential to improve quality of life and health care outcomes among patients with HIV/AIDS.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Trials and Research Unit, San Mateo Medical Center, 222 West 39th Avenue, San Mateo, CA 94403, USA. dprentiss@co.sanmateo.ca.us
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prentiss
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Power
authors.forename: Gladys
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Balmas
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tzuang
authors.forename: Dennis M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Israelski
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D003151:Community Health Centers; D015897:Comorbidity; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008385:Marijuana Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced; D010146:Pain / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology