title: Prevalence of neuroleptic-induced movement disorders in chronic schizophrenia inpatients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since most of the world's schizophrenia patients are treated with conventional antipsychotics, the authors evaluated various methods for establishing the prevalence of neuroleptic-induced movement disorders in these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  DSM-IV criteria and established score thresholds on a movement disorder rating scale were used to identify cases of neuroleptic-induced movement disorder in a representative Estonian patient sample of 99 chronic institutionalized schizophrenia patients, 18-65 years old, treated with conventional neuroleptics (79.8%) or clozapine (20.2%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neuroleptic-induced movement disorders according to DSM-IV criteria were found in 61.6% of the group: 31.3% had neuroleptic-induced akathisia, 23.2% had neuroleptic-induced parkinsonism, and 32.3% had neuroleptic-induced tardive dyskinesia. Prevalence rates for akathisia and tardive dyskinesia were similar when either DSM-IV criteria or rating scale scores were used, but the prevalence rate for parkinsonism was much lower per DSM-IV criteria than according to rating scale score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nearly two-thirds of chronic schizophrenia patients suffered from a neuroleptic-induced movement disorder. Globally, extrapyramidal adverse effects still impose a huge burden on the majority of neuroleptic-treated individuals with schizophrenia. The discrepancy between the standard identification methods for neuroleptic-induced movement disorder indicate the need for further research.
authors.affiliation: Voisiku Nursing Home, Poltsamaa County, Estonia.
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Janno
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holi
authors.forename: Katinka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tuisku
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wahlbeck
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents