title: Fibronectin and laminin increase resistance to ionizing radiation and the cytotoxic drug Ukrain in human tumour and normal cells in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) interactions are thought to mediate drug and radiation resistance. Dependence of cell survival, beta1-integrin expression and cell cycling on the ECM proteins and beta1-integrin ligands fibronectin (FN) and laminin (LA) were examined in malignant and normal cells exposed to the cytotoxic drug Ukrain plus/minus irradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human A549 lung cancer and MDAMB231 (MDA231) breast cancer cells and normal fibroblasts (HSF1) grown on FN, LA, bovine serum albumin (BSA) or polystyrene were treated with Ukrain (1 microg ml(-1), 24 h) plus/minus irradiation (2-8 Gy) and the effects studied using colony formation assays, flow cytometry (beta1-integrin, DNA analysis) and adhesion assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FN and LA reduced the cytotoxic effect of single Ukrain treatment compared with polystyrene and BSA. FN and LA also abolished Ukrain-dependent radiosensitization in A549 cells and decreased the radiosensitivity of MDA231 and HSF1 cells. Single Ukrain exposure on polystyrene significantly reduced beta1-integrin expression and promoted G2-phase accumulation of A549 cells. In contrast, Ukrain-treated MDA231 and HSF1 cells showed elevated beta1-integrin expression and no Ukrain-specific cell cycle effect. Under Ukrain-radiation exposure, irradiation, FN or LA abolished Ukrain-mediated reduction of beta1-integrin expression and G2-phase accumulation in A549 cells, whereas in MDA231 cells and fibroblasts beta1-integrin expression and cell cycle distribution were stabilized. Cell adhesion to FN or LA was significantly impaired (A549) or improved (MDA231, HSF1) upon Ukrain treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data corroborate the findings of other groups that cell adhesion-mediated resistance to either single or combined drug and radiation exposure is tightly correlated to specific ECM proteins. By demonstrating a strong modulatory impact of FN and LA on the radiosensitivity-modifying activity of the drug Ukrain, the set findings are also highly important for the assessment of drug and radiation effects within in vitro cytotoxicity studies. The data give the first mechanistic insights into specific FN- and LA-modulated cellular resistance mechanisms as well as into the important role for beta1-integrins using the unique cytotoxic and radiosensitivity-modifying drug Ukrain.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Radiobiology, German Armed Forces Medical Academy, Neuherbergstrasse 11, D-80937 Munich, Germany. nils_cordes@web.de
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cordes
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Blaese
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Plasswilm
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Rodemann
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Beuningen
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000528:radiation effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019012:Integrin beta1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D010617:Phenanthridines; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011836:Radiation Tolerance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; D005353:Fibronectins; D019012:Integrin beta1; D007797:Laminin; D010617:Phenanthridines; C060921:ukrain