title: Smad2 suppresses the growth of Mv1Lu cells subcutaneously inoculated in mice.
abstract: Smad2 and Smad3 are intracellular signal transduction proteins of importance in transforming growth factor-beta (TGFbeta)-mediated inhibition of epithelial cell proliferation. Inactivating mutations in the Smad2 and Smad3 genes have been found in various human malignancies. Here, we show that expression of Smad2 leads to the inhibition of growth of Mv1Lu cells inoculated with Matrigel subcutaneously (s.c.) in severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. In histological appearance, the Matrigel plugs with Smad2-transfected cells showed strongly reduced cell density, proliferation and angiogenesis compared with the small tumour nodules of similar size formed by the vector- or Smad3-transfected cells. The histological appearance of vector- and Smad3-transfected cells inoculated in mice was identical. Overexpression of Smad2 and Smad3 in Mv1Lu cells led to the inhibition of cell growth in three-dimensional cultures when compared with vector-transfected cells. Overexpression of Smad2 and Smad3 also decreased the hyperphosphorylation of pRb in Smad-transfected cells. Thus, increased expression of Smad2 leads to inhibition of Mv1Lu cell proliferation and a reduction in the growth of the Smad2-expressing cells inoculated in mice.
authors.affiliation: Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Box 595, SE-751 24, Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sjöblom
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yakymovych
authors.forename: C-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Heldin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ostman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Souchelnytskyi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D016259:Genes, myc / Q000235:genetics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015603:Keratinocytes; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics*; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D051899:Smad2 Protein; C497783:Smad2 protein, mouse; D051900:Smad3 Protein; C497791:Smad3 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators