Amplification and overexpression of E2F3 in human bladder cancer.
We demonstrate that, in human bladder cancer, amplification of the E2F3 gene, located at 6p22, is associated with overexpression of its encoded mRNA transcripts and high levels of expression of E2F3 protein. Immunohistochemical analyses of E2F3 protein levels have established that around one-third (33/101) of primary transitional cell carcinomas of the bladder overexpress nuclear E2F3 protein, with the proportion of tumours containing overexpressed nuclear E2F3 increasing with tumour stage and grade. When considered together with the established role of E2F3 in cell cycle progression, these results suggest that the E2F3 gene represents a candidate bladder cancer oncogene that is activated by DNA amplification and overexpression.
Feber
Andrew
A
Section of Molecular Carcinogenesis and Male Urological Cancer Research, Centre, Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton, Surrey SM2 5NG, UK.
Clark
Jeremy
J
Goodwin
Graham
G
Dodson
Andrew R
AR
Smith
Paul H
PH
Fletcher
Anne
A
Edwards
Sandra
S
Flohr
Penny
P
Falconer
Alison
A
Roe
Toby
T
Kovacs
Gyula
G
Dennis
Nening
N
Fisher
Cyril
C
Wooster
Richard
R
Huddart
Robert
R
Foster
Christopher S
CS
Cooper
Colin S
CS
D001483:Base Sequence; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002896:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D050699:E2F3 Transcription Factor; D005784:Gene Amplification; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*
D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D050699:E2F3 Transcription Factor; C098319:E2F3 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors