title: An evaluation of the standardized chipping hammer test specified in ISO 8662-2.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prolonged exposure to severe chipping hammer vibration may cause hand-arm vibration syndrome. A reliable test method is required to select appropriate tools and assist in the development of better chipping hammers. In the present study, the ISO standardized test method (ISO 8662-2, 1992) was examined through an investigation of the vibration characteristics of chipping hammers operating on the energy absorber specified in the standard.
  
  
  METHODS
  The energy absorber and test setup were designed and constructed based on those specified in the standard. The experiment employed six subjects and used two pneumatic chipping hammers and three different feed forces (50, 100 and 200 N). The subject posture was the same as that specified in the standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The vibration emission at the tool dominant frequency (or air blow rate) generally declined with an increase in feed force, thus decreasing the frequency-weighted accelerations. The increase in feed force, however, resulted in an increase in the unweighted vibration emission at high frequencies. The chipping hammer vibration emission operating on the energy absorber at the high feed force (200 N) was inconsistent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The measurement method has a good repeatability except at a high feed force. The feed force has a significant effect on the vibration emission. The single feed force specified in the standard may not be sufficient to test the tool behaviors. Multiple levels of feed force should be used for the chipping hammer test. Doing so may provide a more appropriate basis for tool screening.
authors.affiliation: Engineering & Control Technology Branch, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA. rkd6@cdc.gov
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: T W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: McDowell
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Welcome
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Warren
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Schopper
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology*; D003252:Construction Materials; D004867:Equipment Design / Q000592:standards; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013577:Syndrome; D014732:Vibration / Q000009:adverse effects*