Enhanced biological phosphorus removal from wastewater by biomass with different phosphorus contents, Part II: Anaerobic adenosine triphosphate utilization and acetate uptake rates.
Data from laboratory-scale sequencing batch reactors operated in an anaerobic-aerobic cycle showed that a low influent phosphorus/chemical oxygen demand (COD) ratio feed favored a glycogen-accumulating metabolism (GAM)-dominated culture and that a high influent phosphorus/COD ratio feed favored a polyphosphate-accumulating metabolism (PAM)-dominated culture. The PAM-dominated culture anaerobically took up acetate approximately 7 times faster than the GAM-dominated culture. Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) balances were performed assuming eight different metabolic scenarios that included the Entner-Doudoroff or the Embden-Myerhof glycolytic pathway, acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) synthase or the acetate kinase-phospho-transacetylase (AK-PTA) system for acetyl-CoA synthesis, and ATP synthesis or no ATP synthesis during fumarate reduction. The ATP available for transport of acetate into the cell (2) was calculated using these balances. The assumed quantity of ATP produced during fumarate reduction had a relatively small effect on alpha, particularly when PAM was dominant. When GAM was dominant, little or no ATP was available for acetate transport depending on the assumed scenario, and the Embden-Myerhof pathway was more feasible. The value of alpha increased with increasing PAM dominance for all eight metabolic pathways. The maximum calculated alpha value of 0.5 mol ATP/C-mol acetate uptake occurred at maximum PAM dominance and when the Embden-Myerhof pathway was active, when ATP was produced during fumarate reduction, and when the AK-PTA system was active. This value of alpha was higher than previously calculated values with the same metabolic assumptions. An acetate uptake mechanism was suggested that included acetyl-CoA synthetase and direct regeneration of the proton motive force by a proton-translocating pyrophosphatase. Polyphosphate-accumulating metabolism may have a competitive advantage over GAM through a higher anaerobic acetate uptake rate made possible by a greater use of energy for acetate uptake, by use of a different acetate uptake mechanism, or both.
Schuler
Andrew J
AJ
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA. aschuler@duke.edu
Jenkins
David
D
D000106:Acetate-CoA Ligase / Q000378:metabolism; D000085:Acetates / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism*; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D018533:Biomass; D019149:Bioreactors; D005650:Fumarates; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011122:Polyphosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
D000085:Acetates; D005650:Fumarates; D011122:Polyphosphates; D010758:Phosphorus; C032005:fumaric acid; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D006003:Glycogen; D000106:Acetate-CoA Ligase; D010100:Oxygen