title: XIST unmethylated DNA fragments in male-derived plasma as a tumour marker for testicular cancer.
abstract: Testicular germ-cell tumours (TGCTs) are the most common malignant diseases among men aged 20-40 years. We developed a DNA tumour marker for TGCTs based on the unmethylated DNA profile of a neoplasm. The 5' end of the XIST gene is mainly hypomethylated in TGCTs irrespective of XIST expression. Male somatic cells, however, show complete methylation through the CpG sites, including the minimum promoter and XIST-conserved repeats. Identification of a XIST unmethylated fragment in male plasma might be diagnostic for TGCTs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, 520-2192, Shiga, Japan. keisei@belle.shiga-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Keisei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Yusaku
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D018237:Germinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008745:Methylation; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D022661:RNA, Untranslated; C077885:XIST non-coding RNA