title: Genital anatomy in pregnant adolescents: "normal" does not mean "nothing happened".
abstract: Many clinicians expect that a history of penile-vaginal penetration will be associated with examination findings of penetrating trauma. A retrospective case review of 36 pregnant adolescent girls who presented for sexual abuse evaluations was performed to determine the presence or absence of genital findings that indicate penetrating trauma. Historical information and photograph documentation were reviewed. Only 2 of the 36 subjects had definitive findings of penetration. This study may be helpful in assisting clinicians and juries to understand that vaginal penetration generally does not result in observable evidence of healed injury to perihymenal tissues.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio 78229, USA. kelloggn@uthscsa.dcci.com
authors.forename: Nancy D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Kellogg
authors.forename: Shirley W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Menard
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006924:Hymen / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000293:injuries; D011902:Rape / Q000175:diagnosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies