title: Depressive symptoms account for deficient information processing speed but not for impaired working memory in early phase multiple sclerosis (MS).
abstract: Depressive symptoms may influence neuropsychological functioning negatively. A substantial proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients exhibit neuropsychological impairments and depressive symptomatology is more common in MS as compared to healthy controls and to other neurological diseases. The objectives of the present study were to assess information processing speed, working memory and executive functions in early phase MS and to investigate whether severity of depressive symptoms account for these aspects of cognition in MS. The patients show slowed information processing speed and impaired working memory, whereas executive functioning, as measured with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test, is unaffected. Depressive symptoms account for slowed information processing speed, but not for impaired working memory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Oslo, Box 1094, Blindern, N-00317, Oslo, Norway. n.i.landro@psykologi.uio.no
authors.forename: Nils Inge
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Landrø
authors.forename: Elisabeth Gulowsen
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Celius
authors.forename: Helge
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sletvold
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012737:Sex Factors