Effects of protective and conventional mechanical ventilation on pulmonary function and systemic cytokine release after cardiopulmonary bypass.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of protective and conventional ventilation with or without positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP), on systemic tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6 levels and pulmonary function during open heart surgery.


METHODS
Prospective, randomized clinical study.


METHODS
Single university hospital.


METHODS
Forty-four patients undergoing elective coronary artery bypass grafting surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.


METHODS
Patients ventilated with (1) protective tidal volumes (6 ml/kg, respiratory rate: 15 breaths/min, PEEP 5 cmH(2)O, n=15) group PV; (2) conventional tidal volumes (10 ml/kg, respiratory rate: 9 breaths/min, PEEP 5 cmH(2)O, n=14) group CV+PEEP and (3) conventional tidal volumes (10 ml/kg, respiratory rate: 9 breaths/min, n=15) without PEEP, group CV+ZEEP. Various pulmonary parameters, systemic TNF-alpha and IL-6 levels were determined throughout the study.


RESULTS
There were no differences among the groups regarding the systemic TNF- alpha and IL-6 levels. The plateau airway pressures of group PV were lower than those of groups CV+PEEP ( p=0.02) and CV+ZEEP ( p=0.001) after cardiopulmonary bypass. The shunt fraction of group PV was significantly lower than that of group CV+ZEEP 24 h after surgery ( p<0.05). Oxygenation and the alveolar-arterial oxygen difference were better in both PEEP groups than in group CV+ZEEP 24 h after the operation.


CONCLUSIONS
We could not find any evidence that protective mechanical ventilation prevents some of the adverse effects of cardiopulmonary bypass on the lung, nor systemic cytokine levels, postoperative pulmonary function or length of hospitalization.
Koner
Ozge
O
Anesthesiology Department, Cardiology Institute, Istanbul University, Haseki caddesi, 34303, Aksaray-Istanbul, Turkey, alikoner@superonline.com
Celebi
Serdar
S
Balci
Huriye
H
Cetin
Gurkan
G
Karaoglu
Kamil
K
Cakar
Nahit
N
D000368:Aged; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011175:Positive-Pressure Respiration / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha