title: Cyclosporine-induced folliculodystrophy.
abstract: We describe a 34-year-old kidney transplant patient who developed a distinct cutaneous side-effect to cyclosporine manifested as an infiltrated appearance to the skin with abundant flesh-colored, follicular papules predominantly affecting the ears, nose, and surrounding areas of the face, but also the trunk and extremities. The clinical and histologic findings in this case closely match those presented in 2 previous case reports, in which immunosuppressive doses of cyclosporine appeared to be causative. We present a detailed report of the clinical and histologic findings that are unique to these 3 cases and we introduce a theory, based on the recent in vitro studies involving cyclosporine, to help explain the pathogenic events induced by cyclosporine in these patients. We propose the term "cyclosporine induced folliculodystrophy" or CIF as an appropriate name for this distinct clinicohistopathologic entity. Finally, we set forth 3 clinical and 4 histopathologic criteria upon which the diagnosis of CIF can be made.
authors.affiliation: Division of Dermatology, Wright State University School of Medicine, Dayton, Ohio 45402, USA. mheaphy@ureach.com
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Heaphy
authors.forename: H Nicholas
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Shamma
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hickmann
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D018859:Hair Follicle / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine