title: Granulomatous foreign body reaction against hyaluronic acid: report of a case after lip augmentation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hyaluronic acid (HA) (Restylane and Hylaform) is becoming more widely used for cosmetic procedures such as lip augmentation and treatment of facial skin lines, as other products, mainly bovine collagen, have proved allergenic in many patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report a case of a 48-year-old woman who developed discrete nodules in the lips after HA injection for lip augmentation. The histologic analysis revealed the presence of a granulomatous reaction surrounding a blue amorphous material with the tinctorial features of HA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the third case of granulomatous body reaction against this substance, which was allegedly inert in humans. Although rare, this reaction can have important aesthetic implications, and the patients should be informed about their risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Pathology, Hospital General de Móstoles, c/Hilarión Eslava 28 6o-A, 28015 Madrid, Spain. mgg10167@teleline.es
authors.forename: María Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fernández-Aceñero
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zamora
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borbujo
mesh_terms: D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D015745:Granuloma, Foreign-Body / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008046:Lip; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid