Imaging of high-risk plaque.
'High-risk' or 'vulnerable' plaques in the coronary arteries have characteristics that make them more prone to disruption and subsequent thrombosis -- the mechanisms of most acute coronary syndromes (ACS). There are a number of imaging modalities that are capable of visualizing these features. This article discusses invasive modalities for identifying 'high-risk' plaque such as intravascular ultrasound, coronary angioscopy, optical coherence tomography, near-infrared spectroscopy and coronary thermography. It also discusses the use of noninvasive modalities such as computed tomography MRI and ultrasound. When these imaging modalities are combined with standard cardiac risk factors and more novel markers of systemic inflammation and thrombogenicity we can improve our ability to identify the 'high-risk' patient.
Nemirovsky
Dmitry
D
Cardiology Fellow, Mount Sinai Hospital, The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, New York, N.Y., USA. dmitry.nemirovsky@mssn.edu
D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003328:Coronary Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D006801:Humans; D012306:Risk; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013577:Syndrome