[Role of internal mediators in surgical stress].
In surgical stress, internal mediators include cytokines released locally as well as into the circulation; activation of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, endothelial cells, platelets and other cells; activation of plasma protein cascade systems such the complement, coagulation, fibrinolytic and contact systems the release of tissue-damaging proteinases; the formation of lipid mediators such as eicosanoids and platelet-activating factor; and the generation of oxygen and nitrogen radicals. In addition, during host defense rections, a number of agents are released that blunt the inflammatory response, such as anti-inflamatory cytokines, soluble cytokine receptors, acute-phase proteins including proteinase inhibitors and stress hormones. In this paper, we explain such internal mediators.
Endo
Shigeatsu
S
Department of Critical Care Medicine, Iwate Medical University School of Medicine, Iwate, Japan.
Sato
Nobuhiro
N
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016207:Cytokines; D009569:Nitric Oxide