title: Oxidative stress in a rat model of nephrosis can be quantified by electron spin resonance.
abstract: The pathogenesis of nephrotic syndrome is not clear. In this study, we used electron spin resonance (ESR) to evaluate levels of reactive oxygen species in rats with puromycin aminonucleoside (PAN)-induced nephrosis. Twenty-six Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) PAN treated, (2) PAN treated and alpha-tocopherol supplemented, (3) supplemented with alpha-tocopherol only, (4) control. On day 9, urinary protein excretion was measured. On day 10, all animals were sacrificed with retrograde perfusion via the aorta to obtain renal venous perfusates. The signal intensities of ascorbate radicals in the perfusates were determined by ESR. After perfusion, the kidneys were isolated and sieved to obtain glomeruli for determination of glomerular thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBArs) and alpha-tocopherol. Urinary protein excretion by PAN-treated rats increased significantly on day 9 and was reduced by alpha-tocopherol supplementation. The ascorbate radical intensity and glomerular TBArs level were higher in PAN-treated than in control rats and were both suppressed to control levels by alpha-tocopherol supplementation. There were positive correlations between ascorbate radical intensity and the daily urinary protein, as well as between ascorbate radical intensity and the glomerular TBArs level. Hence, it is possible to quantify oxidative stress due to PAN nephrosis by ESR. Our findings suggest that lipid peroxidation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of proteinuria in PAN-treated rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigakumachi, Takatsuki-shi, 569-8686 Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hyogo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakakura
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ashida
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D009401:Nephrosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011692:Puromycin Aminonucleoside; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D011692:Puromycin Aminonucleoside; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol