title: Mental health survey of the adult population in Iran.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No national data on the prevalence of mental disorders are available in Iran. Such information may be a prerequisite for efficient national mental health intervention.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the mental health status of a population sample aged 15 years and over.
  
  
  METHODS
  Through random cluster sampling, 35 014 individuals were selected and evaluated using the 28-item version of the General Health Questionnaire. A complementary semi-structured clinical interview was also undertaken to detect learning disability ('mental retardation'), epilepsy and psychosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  About a fifth of the people in the study (25.9% of the women and 14.9% of the men) were detected as likely cases. The prevalence of mental disorders was 21.3% in rural areas and 20.9% in urban areas. Depression and anxiety symptoms were more prevalent than somatisation and social dysfunction. The interview of families by general practitioners revealed that the rates of learning disability, epilepsy and psychosis were 1.4%, 1.2% and 0.6%, respectively. Prevalence increased with age and was higher in the married, widowed, divorced, unemployed and retired people.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence rates are comparable with international studies. There is a wide regional difference in the country, and women are at greater risk.
authors.affiliation: Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. noorbala@irrcs.org
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Noorbala
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bagheri Yazdi
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Yasamy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohammad
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014478:Unemployment / Q000523:psychology