title: Direct glutaminyl-tRNA biosynthesis and indirect asparaginyl-tRNA biosynthesis in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1.
abstract: The genomic sequence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 was searched for the presence of open reading frames (ORFs) encoding enzymes potentially involved in the formation of Gln-tRNA and of Asn-tRNA. We found ORFs similar to known glutamyl-tRNA synthetases (GluRS), glutaminyl-tRNA synthetases (GlnRS), aspartyl-tRNA synthetases (AspRS), and trimeric tRNA-dependent amidotransferases (AdT) but none similar to known asparaginyl-tRNA synthetases (AsnRS). The absence of AsnRS was confirmed by biochemical tests with crude and fractionated extracts of P. aeruginosa PAO1, with the homologous tRNA as the substrate. The characterization of GluRS, AspRS, and AdT overproduced from their cloned genes in P. aeruginosa and purified to homogeneity revealed that GluRS is discriminating in the sense that it does not glutamylate tRNA(Gln), that AspRS is nondiscriminating, and that its Asp-tRNA(Asn) product is transamidated by AdT. On the other hand, tRNA(Gln) is directly glutaminylated by GlnRS. These results show that P. aeruginosa PAO1 is the first organism known to synthesize Asn-tRNA via the indirect pathway and to synthesize Gln-tRNA via the direct pathway. The essential role of AdT in the formation of Asn-tRNA in P. aeruginosa and the absence of a similar activity in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells identifies AdT as a potential target for antibiotics to be designed against this human pathogen. Such novel antibiotics could be active against other multidrug-resistant gram-negative pathogens such as Burkholderia and Neisseria as well as all pathogenic gram-positive bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Département de Biochimie et de Microbiologie, Faculté des Sciences et de Génie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada G1K 7P4.
authors.forename: Pierre-Marie
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Akochy
authors.forename: Dominic
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lapointe
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases / Q000502:physiology; D001226:Aspartate-tRNA Ligase / Q000502:physiology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D005975:Glutamate-tRNA Ligase / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics*; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases; D001226:Aspartate-tRNA Ligase; D005975:Glutamate-tRNA Ligase; C020659:glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase; C029194:asparaginyl-tRNA synthetase