HLA-G molecules: from maternal-fetal tolerance to tissue acceptance.
Over the past few years, HLA-G, the non-classical HLA class I molecule, has been the center of investigations that have led to the description of its specific structural and functional properties. Although located in the HLA class I region of chromosome six, the HLA-G gene may be distinguished from other HLA class I genes by its low polymorphism and alternative splicing that generates seven HLA-G proteins, whose tissue-distribution is restricted to normal fetal and adult tissues that display a tolerogeneic function toward both innate and acquired immune cells. We review these points, with special emphasis on the role of HLA-G in human pathologies, such as cancer, viral infection, and inflammatory diseases, as well as in organ transplantation.
Carosella
Edgardo D
ED
Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Direction des Sciences du Vivant, Département de Recherche Médicale, CEA Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint-Louis, 75010 Paris, France. carosella@dsvidf.cea.fr
Moreau
Philippe
P
Le Maoult
Joël
J
Le Discorde
Magali
M
Dausset
Jean
J
Rouas-Freiss
Nathalie
N
D000818:Animals; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange / Q000276:immunology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011247:Pregnancy; D011323:Primates / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014181:Transplantation Immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology
D006680:HLA Antigens; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I