title: The mapping of the visual field onto the dorso-lateral tectum of the pigeon (Columba livia) and its relations with retinal specializations.
abstract: Most of the physiological studies of the pigeon retino-tectal visual pathway have investigated the accessible tectum, a small dorso-lateral tectal section that can be easily accessed by a simple craniotomy. However, at present we lack a detailed study of the topographical arrangement between the visual field, the retina and the accessible tectum. In particular, it is not known which section of the visual field is mapped onto the accessible tectum, and which of the specialized retinal areas mediates this projection. Here we determined, using local field potential (LFP) recordings and reverse retinoscopy, the shape, size and position in the visual space of the portion of the visual field mapped onto the accessible tectum (called here the accessible visual field, or AVF). Using this data and the mapping of Nalbach et al. [Vis. Res. 30 (4) (1990) 529], the retinal area corresponding to the AVF was determined. Such retinal area was also directly delimited by means of retrograde transport of DiI. The results indicate that the AVF is a triangular perifoveal zone encompassing only 15% of total visual field. The retinal region corresponding to the AVF has the shape of an elongated triangle that runs parallel to the visual equator and contains the fovea, the tip of the pecten, a perifoveal region of the yellow field and a small crescent of the red field. In agreement with this anatomical heterogeneity, visual evoked potentials measured in different parts of the accessible tectum present steep variations in shape and size. These results are helpful to better design and interpret anatomical and physiological experiments involving the pigeon's visual system.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 653, Santiago, Chile. letelier@uchile.cl
authors.forename: Juan-Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Letelier
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sentis
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tenreiro
authors.forename: Felipe
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fredes
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mpodozis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002232:Carbocyanines; D010856:Columbidae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D012160:Retina / Q000502:physiology*; D042262:Retinoscopy / Q000379:methods; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C035005:3,3'-dihexadecylindocarbocyanine; D002232:Carbocyanines