title: High preoperative CA 15-3 concentrations predict adverse outcome in node-negative and node-positive breast cancer: study of 600 patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CA 15-3 is the most widely used serum marker in breast cancer. Currently, its main uses are in the surveillance of patients with diagnosed disease and monitoring the treatment of patients with advanced disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative CA 15-3 concentrations were measured prospectively in 600 patients with histologically confirmed breast cancer. Marker concentrations were related to patient outcome by both univariate and multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a median follow-up of 6.27 years, patients with high preoperative concentrations of CA 15-3 (>30 units/L) had a significantly shorter overall survival pattern than those with low concentrations. As a prognostic factor, CA 15-3 was independent of tumor size, axillary node status, and patient age. As well as being prognostic in the total population of patients, CA 15-3 also predicted outcome in different subgroups of patients, including those with both node-negative and node-positive disease, those who were both estrogen receptor (ER)-negative and ER-positive, and those younger and older that 50 years of age. CA 15-3 was also predictive of outcome irrespective of the type of adjuvant therapy administered, i.e., whether adjuvant hormone therapy, adjuvant chemotherapy, or radiotherapy was administered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assay of CA 15-3 is a relatively inexpensive, convenient, and noninvasive method for evaluating prognosis in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. Michael.J.Duffy@ucd.ie
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duggan
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Keane
authors.forename: Arnold D K
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Enda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crown
authors.forename: Niall
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: O'Higgins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D018396:Mucin-1