title: No excess risk of adverse birth outcomes in populations living near special waste landfill sites in Scotland.
abstract: A recent study showed small excess risks of low birth weight, very low birth weight and certain congenital anomalies in populations living near landfill sites in Great Britain. The objective of the current study was to investigate the risk of adverse birth outcomes associated with residence near special waste landfill sites in Scotland. We studied risks of adverse birth outcomes in populations living within 2 km of 61 Scottish special waste landfill sites operational at some time between 1982 and 1997 compared with those living further away. 324,167 live births, 1,849 stillbirths, and 11,138 congenital anomalies (including terminations) were included in the study. Relative risks were computed for all congenital anomalies combined, some specific anomalies and prevalence of stillbirth and low and very low birth weight (< 2500 g and < 1500 g). For all anomalies combined, relative risk of residence near special waste landfill sites was 0.96 (99% confidence interval 0.89 to 1.02) adjusted for confounders. Adjusted risks were 0.71 (0.36 to 1.42) for neural tube defects, 1.03 (0.85 to 1.26) for cardiovascular defects, 0.84 (0.58 to 1.22) for hypospadias and epispadias (with no excess of surgical corrections), 0.78 (0.27 to 2.23) for abdominal wall defects (1.32 (0.42-4.17) for hospital admissions), 1.22 (0.28 to 5.38) for surgical correction of gastroschisis and exomphalos and 1.01 (0.96 to 1.07) and 1.01 (0.90 to 1.15) for low and very low birth weight respectively. There was no excess risk of stillbirth. In conclusion, we found no statistically significant excess risks of congenital anomalies or low birth weight in populations living near special waste landfill sites in Scotland.
authors.affiliation: Small Area Health Statistics Unit (SAHSU), Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London, Norfolk Place, London W2 1PG, UK.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jarup
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Hoogh
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Elliott
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000453:epidemiology; D006256:Hazardous Waste / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012307:Risk Factors; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D006256:Hazardous Waste