NGF deprivation-induced gene expression: after ten years, where do we stand?
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is required for the survival of developing sympathetic and sensory neurons. In the absence of NGF, these neurons undergo protein synthesis-dependent apoptosis. Ten years have gone by since the first reports of specific genes being upregulated during NGF deprivation-induced cell death. Over the last decade, a few additional genes (DP5, Bim, SM-20) have been added to a list that began with cyclin D1 and c-jun. In this chapter, we discuss the evidence that these genes act as regulators of neuronal cell death. We also suggest a hypothesis for how one gene, SM-20, may function to suppress a self-protection mechanism in NGF-deprived neurons.
Freeman
Robert S
RS
Department of Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. Robert_Freeman@urmc.rochester.edu
Burch
Robert L
RL
Crowder
Robert J
RJ
Lomb
David J
DJ
Schoell
Matthew C
MC
Straub
Jennifer A
JA
Xie
Liang
L
D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D049308:Dioxygenases; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D006900:Hydroxylation; D064799:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000266:history / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism; D011393:Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C474007:Bax protein (53-86); D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C484586:HRK protein, human; C484585:Hrk protein, rat; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009479:Neuropeptides; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D019938:Cyclin D1; D049308:Dioxygenases; C490190:EGLN1 protein, human; D011393:Procollagen-Proline Dioxygenase; C447780:EGLN2 protein, human; C490189:Egln1 protein, mouse; D064799:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases