title: An anaerobic continuous-flow fixed-bed reactor sustaining a 3-chlorobenzoate-degrading denitrifying population utilizing versatile electron donors and acceptors.
abstract: An anaerobic continuous-flow fixed-bed column reactor capable of degrading 3-chlorobenzoate (3-CBA) under denitrifying conditions was established, and its rate reached 2.26 mM d(-1). The denitrifying population completely degraded 3-CBA when supplied at 0.1-0.54 mM, but its activity was partly suppressed when 3-CBA was supplied at 0.89 mM. Nitrate was concomitantly consumed throughout the operation of the reactor, the amount of which was similar to or up to 35% higher than the theoretical stoichiometric value that was calculated by assuming that 3-CBA degradation is coupled with denitrification. Batch incubation experiments proved that nitrate is strictly required for 3-CBA degradation in the absence of molecular oxygen. The population also degraded 3-CBA aerobically. Benzoate and 4-CBA were degraded under denitrifying conditions as well as 3-CBA, but 2-CBA was not. Considering that the previously reported denitrifying 3-CBA-degrading cultures do not exhibit 4-CBA degradation under denitrifying conditions, nor aerobic 3-CBA degradation [FEMS Microbiol. Lett. 144 (1996) 213, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66 (2000) 3446], the microbial population developed in this experiment was physiologically versatile with respect to the utilization of both electron donors and electron acceptors.
authors.affiliation: Ecological Control and Microbiology Research Group, Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan.
authors.forename: Hee-Sung
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suwa
mesh_terms: D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism*; D001565:Benzoates; D019149:Bioreactors; D002723:Chlorobenzoates / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001565:Benzoates; D002723:Chlorobenzoates; D009566:Nitrates; C036427:3-chlorobenzoic acid; C040768:4-chlorobenzoic acid