title: Roles of compatible osmolytes and heat shock protein 70 in the induction of tolerance to stresses in porcine endothelial cells.
abstract: Studies of the responses of porcine pulmonary endothelial cells to acute hypertonic stress have been extended by examining the induction and underlying mechanisms of cell tolerance to both osmotic and heat stresses. Preliminary adaptation of these cells to 0.4osmol (kg H(2)O)(-1) rendered them tolerant either to subsequent severe osmotic stress (0.7osmol (kg H(2)O)(-1)) or to subsequent severe heat shock (50 min at 49 degrees C). In contrast, preliminary exposure of the cells to mild heat shock (44 degrees C for 30 min) induced tolerance only to severe heat shock, not to hyperosmotic stress. Induction of tolerance to heat shock by either procedure correlated with the induced expression of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). Induction of tolerance to hyperosmotic stress, on the other hand, was associated with the cellular accumulation of osmolytes, such as amino acids, betaine and myo-inositol, and did not correlate with the induced expression of HSP70. It also required a reduction in the final change of osmotic pressure applied to the cells, such that maximum cell shrinkage would not be much more than 40%. In general, therefore, HSP70 and compatible osmolytes have distinct roles in cellular adaptation to these stresses.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, Sezione di Patologia Molecolare e Immunologia, Università degli Studi di Parma, Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Alfieri
authors.forename: Pier Giorgio
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Petronini
authors.forename: Mara A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bonelli
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Desenzani
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavazzoni
authors.forename: Angelo F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Borghetti
authors.forename: Kenneth P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Wheeler
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001622:Betaine / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D007294:Inositol / Q000378:metabolism; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D012769:Shock / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; D001622:Betaine; D007294:Inositol