Multiple Ebola virus transmission events and rapid decline of central African wildlife.
Several human and animal Ebola outbreaks have occurred over the past 4 years in Gabon and the Republic of Congo. The human outbreaks consisted of multiple simultaneous epidemics caused by different viral strains, and each epidemic resulted from the handling of a distinct gorilla, chimpanzee, or duiker carcass. These animal populations declined markedly during human Ebola outbreaks, apparently as a result of Ebola infection. Recovered carcasses were infected by a variety of Ebola strains, suggesting that Ebola outbreaks in great apes result from multiple virus introductions from the natural host. Surveillance of animal mortality may help to predict and prevent human Ebola outbreaks.
Leroy
Eric M
EM
Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, UR034, Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville, BP 769 Franceville, Gabon. Eric.Leroy@ird.fr
Rouquet
Pierre
P
Formenty
Pierre
P
Souquière
Sandrine
S
Kilbourne
Annelisa
A
Froment
Jean-Marc
JM
Bermejo
Magdalena
M
Smit
Sheilag
S
Karesh
William
W
Swanepoel
Robert
R
Zaki
Sherif R
SR
Rollin
Pierre E
PE
D000350:Africa, Central / Q000453:epidemiology; D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000821:virology*; D018420:Ape Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D001483:Base Sequence; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000662:veterinary; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D029043:Ebolavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005681:Gabon / Q000453:epidemiology; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006071:Gorilla gorilla / Q000821:virology; D019142:Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000821:virology; D011156:Population Density; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012418:Ruminants / Q000821:virology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C113189:envelope glycoprotein, Ebola virus