title: Cataract surgery without preoperative eyedrops.
abstract: We present a technique that uses intracameral lidocaine to induce pupil dilation without using preoperative mydriatic eyedrops. After 1 or 2 drops of topical lidocaine hydrochloride 1% (Xylocaine-MPF 1%) are applied to the ocular surface, a 1.0 mm side-port incision is created through which Xylocaine-MPF 1% is injected into the anterior chamber. The lidocaine paralyzes the pupil sphincter, and adequate mydriasis occurs within 90 seconds. Epinephrine (0.3 cc of 1:1000) is added to the irrigation fluid comprising balanced salt solution (BSS), and standard phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation is performed. Pupil dilation is maintained or increased during the procedure. Postoperatively, the pupil returns more quickly to normal size and reaction. Using lidocaine for mydriasis instead of standard dilating drops eliminates the cardiac risk of topical sympathetic agents, decreases the time patients wait in the holding area before surgery, reduces the risk of superficial punctate keratopathy, and provides faster recovery of normal pupil function.
authors.affiliation: Cincinnati Eye Institute, Cincinnati, OH 45242, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Cionni
authors.forename: Marcílio G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Adam H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Osher
mesh_terms: D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007498:Iris / Q000187:drug effects; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000379:methods; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D018918:Phacoemulsification / Q000379:methods*; D011680:Pupil / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009184:Mydriatics; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D008012:Lidocaine