title: Pneumonia due to antibiotic resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the HAART era.
abstract: Antibiotic resistance profiles are useful in directing therapeutic strategies during bacterial infections. Patterns of antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa associated pneumonia were investigated in an HIV-1 infected cohort during the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy. The median CD4 count at presentation was significantly lower for cases of P aeruginosa than for S pneumoniae. However, the number of antibiotic resistant cases of P aeruginosa decreased throughout the study period, while the incidence of S pneumoniae remained unchanged. In contrast to pneumococcal pneumonia, we show that antiretrovirals have protected from pneumonia due to antibiotic resistant P aeruginosa. These findings have implications for the treatment of individuals presenting with serious infections in which antibiotic therapy needs to be instituted before identification and sensitivities are known.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brennan-Benson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Asboe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bower
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Azadian
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gazzard
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stebbing
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015331:Cohort Studies; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011018:Pneumonia, Pneumococcal / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents