title: Characterization of royal jelly proteins in both Africanized and European honeybees (Apis mellifera) by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis.
abstract: In this study, the proteins contained in royal jelly (RJ) produced by Africanized honeybees and European honeybees (Apis mellifera) haven been analyzed in detail and compared using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, and the N-terminal amino acid sequence of each spot has been determined. Most spots were assigned to major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs). Remarkable differences were found in the heterogeneity of the MRJPs, in particular MRJP3, in terms of molecular weights and isoelectric points between the two species of RJ. Furthermore, during the determination of the N-terminal amino acid sequence of each spot, for the first time, MRJP4 protein has been identified, the existence of which had been only implied by cloning of its cDNA sequence. The presence of heterogeneous bands of glucose oxidase was also identified. Thus, the results suggest that two-dimensional gel electrophoresis provides a suitable method for the qualitative analysis of the proteins contained in RJ derived from different honeybee species.
authors.affiliation: Fujisaki Institute, Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories, Inc, 675-1 Fujisaki, Okayama 702-8006, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kunikata
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: Kanso
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwaki
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurimoto
mesh_terms: D000349:Africa; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000737:chemistry*; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005060:Europe; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry; D015151:Immunoblotting; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D007526:Isoelectric Point; D008970:Molecular Weight; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D000099219:Royal Jelly
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D006023:Glycoproteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D000099219:Royal Jelly; C109593:MRJP3 protein, Apis mellifera