title: Effects of enoxaparin and nadroparin on major cardiac events in high-risk unstable angina treated with a glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitor.
abstract: Clinical trials have reported the beneficial effects of platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists and low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) on major cardiac events (MACE) in patients presenting with unstable angina or non-ST elevation myocardial infarction. A number of studies have documented the significant superiority of low-molecular-weight heparins, especially enoxaparin, over unfractionated heparin in the treatment of acute coronary syndromes. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of two different LMWHs, enoxaparin and nadroparin, accompanied by platelet GP IIb/IIIa inhibition on MACE in high-risk unstable angina. The study was designed as an open-label and observational study. Sixty-eight patients presenting with unstable angina associated with high-risk criteria were randomly assigned to treatment with enoxaparin plus tirofiban (36 patients, mean age 57 +/- 11) or nadroparin plus tirofiban (32 patients, mean age: 58 +/- 8). In-hospital MACE including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), recurrent refractory angina, death, stroke, and urgent revascularization were compared between the study groups. Patient characteristics and durations of LMWH and tirofiban treatments were not different between the study groups. Coronary artery risk factors, except family history (which was observed more frequently in the enoxaparin group, P = 0.02), were also similar. MACE between the enoxaparin and nadroparin groups including AMI (5.5%, 6%), recurrent refractory angina (19%, 12%), death (0%, 3%), stroke (was not observed in either group), urgent revascularization (14%, 12%) and total MACE (19%, 15%) were not different. Enoxaparin and nadroparin, accompanied by GP IIb/IIIa inhibitor therapy, have similar effects on the development of major cardiac events in patients presenting with unstable angina and high-risk characteristics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Siyami Ersek Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery Center, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ertan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Okmen
authors.forename: Ersin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozen
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uyarel
authors.forename: Arda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanli
authors.forename: Zeynep
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Tartan
authors.forename: Nese
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cam
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D017984:Enoxaparin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017762:Nadroparin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012306:Risk; D000077466:Tirofiban; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D017984:Enoxaparin; D017762:Nadroparin; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D014443:Tyrosine; D000077466:Tirofiban