title: Intratumoral injection of IL-2-activated NK cells enhances the antitumor effect of intradermally injected paraformaldehyde-fixed tumor vaccine in a rat intracranial brain tumor model.
abstract: Combined therapy with a fixed-tumor cell vaccine and intratumoral injection of NK cells induced strong tumor regression of rat glioma. Rat 9L glioma cells were inoculated into syngeneic male rats at the flank (subcutaneous tumor model) or at the basal ganglia of the right hemisphere (intracranial tumor model). Rats were intradermally injected three times with vaccine comprising fixed 9L cells, IL-2- and GMCSF-microparticles, and tuberculin prior to (protective studies) or after (therapeutic studies) challenge with live 9L cells. In the protective studies, the vaccine alone achieved significant tumor growth inhibition and elongation of mean life span in both the subcutaneous and intracranial tumor models. No therapeutic effect was observed in the intracranial tumor model with the vaccine alone. However, intratumoral injection of rat NK cells strongly assisted the therapeutic effect of the vaccine in the brain tumor model and resulted in a statistically significant elongation of life span. We propose that intratumoral injection of NK cells may not only kill brain tumor cells directly, but also trigger a strong immune response in the focal lesion of the brain after vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uchimura
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nose
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005557:Formaldehyde; D005910:Glioma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D011108:Polymers; D051381:Rats; D016707:Tissue Fixation
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D011108:Polymers; D005557:Formaldehyde; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; C003043:paraform