title: [Design and preliminary clinical application of general spine system].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of self-designed General Spine System (GSS) through the measurement of the biomechanical characteristics and the outcomes of preliminary clinical application.
  
  
  METHODS
  The General Spine System implants were made of titanium alloy (TC4, Ti6Al4V) and the instruments were made of stainless steel after design. Pull-out strength of GSS screw, CCD, SOCON, TSRH and Diapason screw were tested in fresh normal cadaveric spine specimens respecting and the biomechanical stability analyses of GSS and SOCON were also tested. GSS was applied clinically in 16 patients with degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis combined with lumbar canal stenosis. Clinical efficacy, reduction effectiveness, and complications were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pull-out strength of GSS screw was more than other control screws. Biomechanical stability of GSS was similar to SOCON system. Average postoperative follow-up for all patients was 12.6 months (11.5-14.5 months). All patients got satisfied clinical results at the latest follow-up. X-ray results showed complete reduction for all spondylolisthesis patients, and results remained good in follow-up. Complications related to implants or operation were not observed after surgery or in follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GSS pedicle screws have strong anchoring ability and good stabilization for spondylolisthesis. This system can provide good reduction for spondylolisthesis. Its clinical efficacy is confirmed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.
authors.forename: Gui-xing
authors.initials: GX
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Shu-gang
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Xi-sheng
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yi-peng
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian-guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jian-xiong
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013168:Spondylolisthesis / Q000601:surgery*