title: Augmentation of the NO-cGMP cascade induces anxiogenic-like effect in mice.
abstract: Several studies have reported the anxiolytic-like effects of various nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in distinct animal models. However, in the context of anxiety, the possible involvement of cyclic GMP, believed to be one of the main targets of NO, remains obscure. Cyclic GMP is degraded by the specific phosphodiesterases in the brain. Therefore, we studied the effect of the selective phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor sildenafil in the mouse elevated plus-maze test of anxiety and in the open field test of locomotion. We found that sildenafil (0.05-10 mg/kg i.p.) alone did not affect the behavior of animals in the plus-maze or open field tests, but the anxiogenic beta-carboline DMCM given in a subconvulsive dose (2 mg/kg i.p.) decreased the time spent on open arms in the elevated plus-maze. Treatment with the NO precursor L-arginine (200 mg/kg i.p.) did not modify the behavior of animals in the plus-maze, however, when sildenafil (1 mg/kg i.p.) was administered in combination with L-arginine (200 mg/kg i.p.), both the time spent on the open arms and the percentage of open arm visits were significantly decreased. We conclude that augmentation of the NO-cGMP cascade induces anxiogenic-like effect in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia. vallov@ut.ee
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Volke
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wegener
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vasar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000139:chemically induced*; D001120:Arginine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002243:Carbolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011687:Purines; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002243:Carbolines; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; C034818:methyl 6,7-dimethoxy-4-ethyl-beta-carboline-3-carboxylate; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D006152:Cyclic GMP