title: Cold climate BMPs: solving the management puzzle.
abstract: Snowmelt runoff and rain-on-snow events present some of the highest pollutant loading and most difficult management challenges in the course of a year in regions with cold climate. Frozen conduits, thick ice layers, low biological activity, altered chemistry, and saturated or frozen ground conditions all work against effective treatment of melt runoff. Understanding the source, evolution and transition that occurs within a melt event, and defining the management objectives for specific receiving waters will help focus the search for effective management techniques. Solving the management puzzle means putting together a strategy for both soluble and solids-associated water pollutants.
authors.affiliation: Emmons and Olivier Resources, Inc., 651 Hale Ave., North Oakdale, Minnesota 55129, USA. goberts@eorinc.com
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Oberts
mesh_terms: D002947:Cities; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D005615:Freezing; D011891:Rain; D012914:Snow; D012995:Solubility; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014872:Water Movements; D014873:Water Pollutants
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants