title: Psychological aspects in paediatric dentistry: parental presence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The scope of the present study has been the analysis of the main psychological approaches used during a first dental visit of a child to gain the necessary collaboration, focusing on the influence of parental presence during the visit.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on a group of 200 children divided into two sub-groups. In Group I the child was seen without the parent's presence and in Group II the parent was present throughout the visit. Assessment of behaviour was by a simple 'co-operative' or 'non-cooperative' in achieving a dental examination and prophylaxis. Statistical analysis was made by chi square and Fisher's exact test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Group I (parent out) 89% of children were fully co-operative compared with 63% in Group II (parent present) which was significantly different (chi square 18.503, p<0.001). In addition 8% of children in Group II failed to return for any further dental care compared with 1% in Group I, which was also significantly different (Fisher's exact test p=0.1231).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parental presence affects a child's behaviour on an initial dental visit, which is better when the parent is excluded.
authors.affiliation: University of L'Aquila, School of Dentistry.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marzo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Campanella
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Albani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gallusi
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003299:Cooperative Behavior; D019140:Dental Care for Children / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*