title: Polycystic kidney syndrome in New Zealand White rabbits resembling human polycystic kidney disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cystic kidney diseases are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in humans. Small animal models are needed to more fully explore the complex expression patterns and pathobiology of this group of heritable diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a 15-year retrospective analysis of cases in our laboratory animal diagnostic archives to determine the prevalence of cystic kidney disease in New Zealand White rabbits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 203 records with documented renal histopathology, we identified and defined 7 cases of polycystic kidney syndrome (PKS) by 3 morphologic criteria: (1) cysts or microcysts derived from tubules, glomeruli, or both; (2) loose mesenchymal expansion of cortical and/or medullary interstitium; and (3) irregular thickening, thinning, and splitting of basement membranes. PKS was associated with hypercalcemia and hypercreatinemia (P < 0.01), and arterial mineralization resembling Mönckeberg's medial calcific sclerosis. In the liver, mild chronic cholangitis with cholangiodysplasia and fibrosis was common. Anorexia and lethargy were the clinical signs most often reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinicopathologic characterization of PKS in New Zealand White rabbits revealed similarities to both autosomal-dominant and autosomal-recessive polycystic kidney diseases of humans. Awareness of polycystic kidney syndrome in New Zealand White rabbits will allow investigators to avoid using affected animals in unrelated renal research. Prospective studies are needed to define the underlying cause(s) of polycystic kidney syndrome in New Zealand White rabbits, which may be an important new small animal model of human cystic kidney diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Medicine, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA. abr@MIT.edu
authors.forename: Kirk J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Arlin B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000830:Animals, Laboratory; D001109:Archives; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D007690:Polycystic Kidney Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011817:Rabbits