Management of chronic orofacial pain: today and tomorrow.
In the facial region, chronic pain syndromes include musculoskeletal pain, neuropathic disorders, vascular pain, and other chronic headaches. Therapy of chronic facial pain syndromes often relies on long-term psychotropic medications that cause severe side effects and offer nontotal pain relief. In this article, therapeutically relevant advances in science, which will change the approach to pain management, are reviewed. Understanding the mechanisms involved in chronic pain enables the clinician to skillfully apply this knowledge when selecting a therapy.
Benoliel
Rafael
R
Orofacial Pain Clinic, Department of Oral Medicine, Hebrew University-Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Sharav
Yair
Y
Tal
Michael
M
Eliav
Eli
E
D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003469:Culture; D005157:Facial Pain / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020773:Headache Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000502:physiology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000502:physiology; D009619:Nociceptors / Q000502:physiology; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000502:physiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy
D000700:Analgesics; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate