title: Detection of malingering using atypical performance patterns on standard neuropsychological tests.
abstract: Cut-off scores defining clinically atypical patterns of performance were identified for five standard neuropsychological and psychological tests: Benton Visual Form Discrimination (VFD), Fingertapping (FT), WAIS-R Reliable Digit Span (RDS), Wisconsin Card Sorting Failure-to-Maintain Set (FMS), and the Lees-Haley Fake Bad Scale (FBS) from the MMPI-2. All possible pair-wise combinations of scores beyond cut-off (e.g., for VFD and FT; for RDS and FBS), correctly identified 21 of 24 subjects (87.5%) meeting criteria for definite malingered neurocognitive dysfunction, and 24 of 27 (88.9%) subjects with moderate to severe closed head injury. On cross-validation, 15 of 17 subjects (88.2%) meeting criteria for probable malingered neurocognitive dysfunction were correctly identified, with 13 of 13 nonlitigating neurologic patients, and 14 of 14 nonlitigating psychiatric patients correctly classified as having motivationally-preserved performance. Combining the derivation and cross-validation samples yielded a sensitivity of 87.8%, specificity of 94.4%, and combined hit rate of 91.6%.
authors.affiliation: glarrabee@aol.com
authors.forename: Glenn J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Larrabee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008306:Malingering / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000592:standards*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results