title: The development of targeted chemotherapy for CNS lymphoma-a pilot study of the IDARAM regimen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have developed and evaluated a CNS-targeted chemotherapy regimen based on the pharmacokinetic properties of the individual drugs in the combination.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a twin-track study, 16 patients with secondary CNS lymphoma (SCNSL) and 8 with primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) were treated with IDARAM which comprised idarubicin 10 mg/m(2) i.v., days 1 and 2; dexamethasone 100 mg, 12-h infusion, days 1, 2 and 3; cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) 1.0 g/m(2), 1-h infusion, days 1 and 2; methotrexate 2.0 g/m(2), 6-h infusion, day 3 (with folinic acid rescue); and cytosine arabinoside 70 mg plus methotrexate 12 mg, intrathecally, days 1 and 8. Two cycles were delivered at 3-weekly intervals. After response assessment, patients received adjuvant cranial radiotherapy (40 Gy over 20 fractions).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The series comprised 24 patients, 11 male and 13 female. Their median age was 53 years (range 21 to 73 years). Grade 4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia occurred in the majority of patients treated. Of the eight PCNSL patients, seven achieved complete remission (CR). Four remained in CR at the time of this report with a median duration of follow-up of 25 months (range 11 to 42 months). Of the 16 SCNSL patients, 12 achieved CR. Seven patients remained in CR at the time of this report with a median duration of follow-up of 24 months (range 18 to 57 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that IDARAM is an effective regimen in both PCNSL and SCNSL and is suitable for further development and evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, Brotherton Wing, Leeds General Infirmary, Great George Street, Leeds, LS1 3EX, UK. morts_v@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Moreton
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gilson
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: McVerry
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mackie
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bolam
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Jalihal
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Parapia
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Child
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016543:Central Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015255:Idarubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D003907:Dexamethasone; D008727:Methotrexate; D015255:Idarubicin