title: Framingham stroke risk profile and lowered cognitive performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary objective of this work was to describe the relationships between 10-year risk for stroke and multiple measures of cognitive performance for a large community-based sample of individuals who were free of clinical stroke and dementia at the time of risk assessment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 1011 men and 1164 women from the Framingham Offspring Study. The Framingham Stroke Risk Profile was used to assess 10-year risk of stroke. Using a cross-sectional design, we assessed 10-year risk of stroke, the predictor variable, and cognitive performance, the outcome variable, at examination 7 of the Framingham Offspring Study. Multivariable linear regression models were used to relate 10-year risk of stroke to cognitive tests measuring multiple domains of cognitive functioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With statistical adjustment for age, education, sex, and other correlates of both stroke and cognitive ability, an inverse association between increments in 10-year risk of stroke and cognitive performance level was observed for tests indexing visual-spatial memory, attention, organization, scanning, and abstract reasoning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In stroke- and dementia-free individuals, higher 10-year risk for stroke is associated with performance decrements in multiple cognitive domains.
authors.affiliation: Statistics and Consulting Unit, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. MFElias@aol.com
authors.forename: Merrill F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Ralph B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: D'Agostino
authors.forename: Penelope K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Elias
authors.forename: Alexa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beiser
authors.forename: Rhoda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Au
authors.forename: Sudha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Seshadri
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: DeCarli
authors.forename: Philip A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Wolf
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology*