title: Promoting better use of the PSA test in general practice: randomized controlled trial of educational strategies based on outreach visits and mailout.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing for prostate cancer is controversial. Demand for PSA testing is likely to rise in the UK, Australia and other western countries. Primary care needs to develop appropriate strategies to respond to this demand.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to compare the effectiveness of educational outreach visits (EOVs) and mailout strategies targeting PSA testing in Australian primary care.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized controlled trial was conducted in general practices in southern Adelaide. The main outcome measures at baseline, 6 months and 12 months post-intervention were PSA testing rates and GP knowledge in key areas relating to prostate cancer and PSA testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The interventions were able to demonstrate a change in clinical practice. In the 6 months post-intervention, median PSA testing rate in the EOV group was significantly lower than in the postal group, which in turn was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.001). Statistically significant differences were not, however, maintained in the 6-12 month post-intervention period. The EOV group, at 6 months follow-up, had a significantly greater proportion of "correct" responses than the control group to questions about prostate cancer treatment effectiveness (P = 0.004) and endorsement of PSA screening by professional bodies (P = 0.041).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary care has a central role in PSA testing for prostate cancer. Clinical practice in this area is receptive to evidence-based interventions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Community Health Sciences-General Practice, University of Edinburgh, 20 West Richmond Street, Edinburgh EH8 9DX, Scotland, UK. david.weller@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Weller
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rowett
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esterman
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pinnock
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nicholson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Doust
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Silagy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005194:Family Practice / Q000193:education*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D013021:South Australia
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen