title: Retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy: experience of 23 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy has recently been performed in several institutions for renal cancer. We report our experience with this type of operation and discuss the anatomy of perirenal fascial structures.
  
  
  METHODS
  From July 2000 to May 2002, we performed retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy in 23 patients. We began this operation with longitudinal cutting of two layers of the posterior renal fasciae, and removed specimens without any fascial structure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean operative time was 203 min (range 129-314 min) with an average estimated blood loss of 113 ml (range 0-837 ml). There was 1 patient who required open conversion due to uncontrollable hemorrhage, but no complication was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Retroperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy is a safe and reliable method when the anatomy of the perirenal fasciae is clearly understood. Long-term follow-up of patients undergoing this procedure is warranted to its effect on the prognosis of renal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kurashiki Central Hospital, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan. ky7527@kchnet.or.jp
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ichioka
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Akito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terai
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D012187:Retroperitoneal Space