title: Retinal periphlebitis resembling frosted branch angiitis with nonperfused central retinal vein occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the unusual association between severe retinal periphlebitis resembling frosted branch angiitis and nonperfused central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational case reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient 1 was a 28-year-old man who presented with extensive sheathing involving all retinal veins in one eye followed by nonperfused CRVO. Twenty-seven months after initial presentation, he developed perfused CRVO in the other eye followed by periphlebitis that progressed into nonperfused CRVO. Patient 2 was a 47-year-old man who presented with unilateral severe retinal periphlebitis associated with nonperfused CRVO. Despite systemic administration of corticosteroid therapy, rubeosis iridis developed in both patients and neovascular glaucoma developed in Patient 1 despite full panretinal photocoagulation. Extensive systemic workup and coagulation studies were unremarkable except for the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in both patients and elevated plasma homocysteine level in Patient 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe retinal periphlebitis complicated by nonperfused CRVO is associated with poor visual outcome despite appropriate medical and surgical treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. abuasrar@ksu.edu.sa
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abu El-Asrar
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Al-Obeidan
authors.forename: A G M
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Abdel Gader
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D015355:Glaucoma, Neovascular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010689:Phlebitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D031300:Retinal Vasculitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D012169:Retinal Vein / Q000473:pathology*; D012170:Retinal Vein Occlusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids