title: Salivary cystatin activity and cystatin C in experimental gingivitis in non-smokers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subjects with natural gingivitis and periodontitis have elevated levels of salivary cystatins compared to periodontally healthy individuals. Experimental gingivitis studies, however, have yielded conflicting results.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study investigated whether experimentally induced gingivitis is associated with changes in salivary cystatin levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plaque scores, bleeding indexes and whole saliva samples of 35 non-smoking young adults were collected at the start and at the end of an experimental gingivitis trial, and 3 weeks after resuming oral hygiene. The saliva samples were assayed for protein concentrations, cystatin activity and cystatin C concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During experimental gingivitis, plaque and bleeding scores increased significantly in all subjects and subsequently decreased significantly after reinstalment of oral hygiene procedures. No significant changes were observed for the protein concentration, cystatin activity and cystatin C concentration. No significant relation could be established between these salivary parameters and bleeding on marginal probing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study confirms earlier results from Lie et al. (2001) that no significant changes occur in salivary cystatin activity and cystatin C concentration during and after experimental gingivitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: van Gils
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Timmerman
authors.forename: E C I
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Veerman
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: van der Velden
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: van der Weijden
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D012907:Smoking; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: C525030:CST3 protein, human; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors