Modulation of phenotype of human prostatic stromal cells by transforming growth factor-betas.
BACKGROUND
We investigated the effects of transforming growth factor (TGF)-betas on morphological and receptor phenotypes, as well as proliferation of four currently established human prostatic myofibroblast cell lines and one commercially available prostatic stromal cell line.


METHODS
The effects of TGF-betas on morphological changes and proliferation of the cells were studied by immunohistochemistry and bromodeoxyuridine assay, respectively. The expression of alpha 1-receptor subtypes was measured by real time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and the radioligand binding assay for the receptors was also performed.


RESULTS
TGF-betas 1, 2, and 3 induced expression of desmin and myosin of cells of the established cell lines, and significantly inhibited their growth. The alpha 1a-receptor was expressed only in the commercially available cell line and alpha 1b and 1d, in all cell lines. TGF-beta 1 suppressed the expression of all three subtypes of the alpha 1-receptor. The binding sites of cells of all the cell lines were reduced by treatment with this growth factor.


CONCLUSIONS
TGF-betas may induce human prostatic stromal cells to express the smooth muscle phenotype and inhibited their growth. However, the growth factor reduced the binding sites of the receptor and suppressed mRNA expression of its subtypes, suggesting that morphological and receptor phenotypes may be regulated via more than one pathway by TGF-beta(s).
Hisataki
Toshihiro
T
Department of Urology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
Itoh
Naoki
N
Suzuki
Kazuhiro
K
Takahashi
Atsushi
A
Masumori
Naoya
N
Tohse
Noritsugu
N
Ohmori
Yuki
Y
Yamada
Shizuo
S
Tsukamoto
Taiji
T
D002455:Cell Division; D002460:Cell Line; D003893:Desmin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology*; D009218:Myosins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010641:Phenotype; D011467:Prostate / Q000166:cytology* / Q000473:pathology*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017154:Stromal Cells; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3
D003893:Desmin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; C509041:TGFB2 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D053782:Transforming Growth Factor beta3; D009218:Myosins