title: Triosephosphate isomerase gene characterization and potential zoonotic transmission of Giardia duodenalis.
abstract: To address the source of infection in humans and public health importance of Giardia duodenalis parasites from animals, nucleotide sequences of the triosephosphate isomerase (TPI) gene were generated for 37 human isolates, 15 dog isolates, 8 muskrat isolates, 7 isolates each from cattle and beavers, and 1 isolate each from a rat and a rabbit. Distinct genotypes were found in humans, cattle, beavers, dogs, muskrats, and rats. TPI and small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) gene sequences of G. microti from muskrats were also generated and analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis on the TPI sequences confirmed the formation of distinct groups. Nevertheless, a major group (assemblage B) contained most of the human and muskrat isolates, all beaver isolates, and the rabbit isolate. These data confirm that G. duodenalis from certain animals can potentially infect humans and should be useful in the detection, differentiation, and taxonomy of Giardia spp.
authors.affiliation: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30341-3717, USA. lax0@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Irshad M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fayer
authors.forename: Caryn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bern
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gilman
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Trout
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schantz
authors.forename: Pradeep
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Altaf A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lal
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005838:Genotype; D005872:Giardia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase / Q000235:genetics*; D014481:United States; D015047:Zoonoses
chemical_list: D014305:Triose-Phosphate Isomerase