Ear and kidney syndromes: molecular versus clinical approach.
The association between ear and kidney anomalies is not usually due to an insult to the embryo. In recent years, many essential development control genes that coordinate the assembly and function of kidney and ear have been discovered through the generation of animal mutants and have increased our understanding of the mechanisms of human oto-renal diseases. Here, we describe ear and kidney clinical syndromes and their molecular expression.
Izzedine
Hassane
H
Department of Nephrology, Pitié Salpétrière Hospital, Paris, France. hassane.izzedine@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr
Tankere
Frederic
F
Launay-Vacher
Vincent
V
Deray
Gilbert
G
D004423:Ear / Q000002:abnormalities*; D004427:Ear Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000002:abnormalities*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology