title: [Ecoethology of vectors and transmission of malaria in the lowland rice growing region of Mandritsara, Madagascar ].
abstract: To evaluate the determining factors of the malaria transmission in the northwest region of Madagascar, transversal studies were carried out through one year, from March 1997 to April 1998, in two villages located near Mandritsara, at less than 300 meters above sea level. The rice-growing region forms an intermediate zone between the central highlands with epidemic and instable malaria and the coastal zone with endemic and stable malaria. Mosquitoes were collected when landing on humans during the night and by pyrethrum spray catches as regards endophilic mosquitoes. Three vectors were identified: Anopheles arabiensis, An. gambiae and An. funestus. An. arabiensis and An. gambiae were exophagic and zoophilic. An. funestus was endo-exophagic and anthropophilic but this species shows also a zoophilic trophic deviation. In both villages, An. funestus is the main vector of human malaria. Malaria transmission was estimated to be around 50 and 70 infective bites/person/year in each village.
authors.affiliation: Département de biologie animale, Faculté des sciences, Université d'Antananarivo, BP 906, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar.
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Ravoahangimalala
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Rakotoarivony
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Le Goff
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fontenille
mesh_terms: D000531:Altitude; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development; D017753:Ecosystem; D005010:Ethology; D006801:Humans; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000453:epidemiology; D007303:Insect Vectors; D008270:Madagascar / Q000453:epidemiology; D008288:Malaria / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D012275:Oryza / Q000254:growth & development*