title: Established and potential strategies against papillomavirus infections.
abstract: Anogenital cancers, in particular cancer of the cervix, and common, genital and laryngeal warts are primarily caused by infection with human papillomaviruses. Traditionally, the primary goal of treatment is to remove the neoplasia by various surgical approaches; however, all of these have high rates of recurrence. Only a few non-surgical treatments have found their way into clinical practice, and none of them is generally recommended because of side effects, limited efficacy and recurrences. This article summarizes the research on pharmaceutical and immunological approaches that may find a place in clinical practice to complement or replace surgical treatments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697-3900, USA. hbernard@uci.edu
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Bernard
mesh_terms: D000634:Aminoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077404:Cidofovir; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015195:Drug Design; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D000077271:Imiquimod; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007372:Interferons / Q000627:therapeutic use; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011033:Podophyllin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014765:Viral Vaccines
chemical_list: D000634:Aminoquinolines; D000963:Antimetabolites; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007211:Indoles; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D003596:Cytosine; D011033:Podophyllin; D007372:Interferons; C016517:indole-3-carbinol; D000077404:Cidofovir; D000077271:Imiquimod; D005472:Fluorouracil