title: Degree of cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy at time of implantation predicts myocardial improvement during left ventricular assist device support.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There have been increasing reports of cardiac improvement in heart failure patients supported by left ventricular assist devices (LVADs i.e.), including a number of patients who have tolerated removal of the device without the benefit of cardiac transplant. In the current study, we retrospectively investigated echocardiographic and histologic changes in patients supported by LVADs (n = 18). The goal of our study was to determine if the degree of cardiac fibrosis and myocyte size in pre-implant biopsies could predict myocardial improvement as assessed by improvements in ejection fraction (EF) during LVAD support.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined total collagen content in myocardial biopsy specimens by a semi-quantitative analysis of positive Picro-Sirius Red-stained areas and myocyte size measurements by computerized edge detection software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During LVAD support, 9 of the 18 patients (Group A) were distinguished by significant improvement in ejection fraction (pre <20% vs unloaded 34 +/- 5%). In addition, Group A patients had significantly less fibrosis and smaller myocytes than their Group B counterparts, whose EF did not improve. There was an inverse correlation between pre-implant biopsy collagen levels and myocyte size with increases in EF during LVAD unloading.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that the patients who demonstrated the greatest improvements in EF during support had less fibrosis and smaller myocytes at the time of device implantation. We propose that tissue profiling a patient's pre-implant biopsy for fibrosis and myocyte size may allow stratification in Stage IV heart failure and may predict myocardial improvement during LVAD support.
authors.affiliation: DeBakey Heart Center Methodist Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Bruckner
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Razeghi
authors.forename: Sonny
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stetson
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lafuente
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Entman
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loebe
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Noon
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taegtmeyer
authors.forename: O H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Frazier
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Youker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D048429:Cell Size; D003094:Collagen / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013997:Time Factors; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen