title: The signal transduction pathway in the proliferation of airway smooth muscle cells induced by urotensin II.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human urotensin II (UII) is the most potent mammalian vasoconstrictor identified so far. Our previous study showed that UII is a potent mitogen of airway smooth muscle cells (ASMC) inducing ASMC proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. The signal transduction pathway of UII mitogenic effect remains to be clarified. This study was conducted to investigate the signal transduction pathway in the proliferation of ASMC induced by UII.
  
  
  METHODS
  In primary cultures of rat ASMCs, activities of protein kinase C (PKC), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and calcineurin (CaN) induced by UII were measured. The effect of CaN on PKC and MAPK was studied by adding cyclosporin A (CsA), a specific inhibitor of CaN. Using H7 and PD98059, inhibitors of PKC and MAPK, respectively, to study the effect of PKC and MAPK on CaN. The cytosolic free calcium concentration induced by UII was measured using Fura-2/AM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  UII 10(-7) mol/L stimulated ASMC PKC and MAPK activities by 44% and 24% (P < 0.01), respectively, after incubating for 20 minutes. It increased CaN activity in a time-dependent manner, being 1.68 times as that of control for 24 hours (P < 0.01). It promoted the cytosolic free calcium concentration increase of 18% (P < 0.01). CsA 10(-6) mol/L and H7 50 micromol/L inhibited UII-stimulated CaN activity by 45% (P < 0.01) and 21% (P < 0.05), respectively, while PD98059 50 micromol/L had no effect on CaN activity (P > 0.05). CsA 10(-6) mol/L inhibited UII-stimulated PKC activity by 14% (P < 0.05), while having no effect on MAPK activity (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  UII increases cytosolic free calcium concentration and activates PKC, MAPK and CaN. The signal transduction pathway between PKC and CaN has cross-talk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Disease, Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100083, China. chenyahong@vip.sina.com
authors.forename: Ya-hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ming-wu
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Wan-zhen
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Yong-zheng
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Chao-shu
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008934:Mitogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014132:Trachea / Q000166:cytology*; D014579:Urotensins / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D008934:Mitogens; D014579:Urotensins; C029677:urotensin II; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019703:Calcineurin