title: Comparative study of the effect on clinical outcome of the use of an open circuit and the use of a closed circuit in cardiopulmonary bypass for a graft replacement of the descending thoracic or thoracoabdominal aorta.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We studied the benefits of reduced systemic heparinization in a heparin-coated cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) system for graft replacement of the descending thoracic (TA) or thoracoabdominal aorta (TAA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five patients were assigned to two groups: one group in which closed CPB circuits with reduced heparinization by elimination of the hard shell reservoir were used (group A, n = 36) and one group in which open circuits with full heparinization were used (group B, n = 19).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The transfusion requirement tended to be greater as the duration of CPB increased, even in group A. The incidences of renal dysfunction in two groups were not significantly different. Only the incidence of pulmonary dysfunction was significantly higher in group B. A reduction of systemic heparinization had no benefit for perioperative bleeding. In the TAA operation, the total amount of hemorrhaging in group A was greater than that in group B, but the difference was not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No beneficial effects of the use of heparin-coated CPB circuits on the amount of perioperative bleeding and postoperative organ damage, including renal dysfunction, were found in this study. However, our findings suggest that it may be better to avoid the use of closed CPB circuits in operations with a prolonged duration of CPB, such as a TAA operation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South 1, West 16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8543, Japan.
authors.forename: Johji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fukada
authors.forename: Kiyofumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morishita
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ingu
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawaharada
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Tomio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abe
mesh_terms: D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000601:surgery*; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control; D006493:Heparin; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D006493:Heparin