title: Bombesin antagonists inhibit proangiogenic factors in human experimental breast cancers.
abstract: The overexpression of angiogenic factors such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) plays a role in the migration and proliferation of endothelial cells in many cancers. Consequently, we investigated the effects of bombesin/gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP) antagonists on the expression of these angiogenic factors, the activities of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs)-2 and -9, as well as the vascular density in MDA-MB-435 human oestrogen-independent breast cancers. Nude mice bearing orthotopic xenografts of MDA-MB-435 breast cancers were treated with bombesin/GRP antagonists for 6 weeks. Daily administration of 20 microg of RC-3095 or 10 microg of RC-3940-II significantly decreased the weight of MDA-MB-435 cancers by 44 and 53%, respectively. The inhibition of tumour growth was associated with a substantial reduction in the expression of mRNA and protein levels of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), IGF-II and VEGF-A in the tumours. Both bombesin/GRP antagonists significantly decreased the vessel density of the tumours by about 37%, as shown by immunohistochemical detection of vessels on tumour slides. Gelatinolytic activities, detected by zymography, revealed a 33-46% reduction in MMP-9 activity after the treatment with either antagonist. In vitro studies revealed that MDA-MB-435 cells secrete bFGF, IGF-II and VEGF-A, and the secretion of these factors is inhibited by RC-3095 and RC-3940-II. This study demonstrates the antiangiogenic effect of bombesin/GRP antagonists RC-3095 and RC-3940-II, and underscores their possible therapeutic application for treatment of breast cancers.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Polypeptide and Cancer Institute, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, New Orleans, LA 70112-1262, USA.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bajo
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Schally
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Groot
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szepeshazi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001839:Bombesin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013002:Somatomedins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013002:Somatomedins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C096400:bombesin(6-14), Hca(6)-Leu(13)-psi(CH2N)-Tac(14)-; C071363:bombesin (6-14), Tpi(6)-Leu(13)-psi(CH2NH)-Leu(14)-; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D001839:Bombesin