title: NF-kappaB activation at implantation window of the mouse uterus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) is one candidate transcriptional modulator, which might regulate many kinds of molecules that play sequential roles at implantation in the endometrium. However, temporal and spatial activation of NF-kappaB at implantation window is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Activation of NF-kappaB in the mouse uterus was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Localization of p50 and p65, components of NF-kappaB, was analyzed by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NF-kappaB was activated in the proestrus and estrus phases in non-pregnant uterus. In the pregnant uterus, NF-kappaB was activated after day 1.5 post-coitum, and the activation continued during implantation period. The immunoreactivities of p50 and p65 were mainly localized in endometrial epithelium, and were weaker in endometrial stroma cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NF-kappaB activity is dynamically regulated during the sexual cycle as well as during the implantation period in the endometrium, where the biochemical interaction between mother and conceptus first occurs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Department of Specific Organ Regulation, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogita
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimoya
authors.forename: Sinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsujie
authors.forename: Masayasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014599:Uterus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B