title: Genetic association of coeliac disease susceptibility to polymorphisms in the ICOS gene on chromosome 2q33.
abstract: An interesting candidate gene region for coeliac disease (CD), a common multifactorial disease, is a segment on 2q33-37 harbouring the genes for the CD28, cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4), inducible costimulator (ICOS), and programmed death-1 (PD-1), all receptors that regulate lymphocyte activation. Several studies have suggested a role for this locus in immune-mediated diseases. To study further our previous finding of genetic linkage of this region to CD, we studied 25 polymorphic markers to identify the putative disease-associated polymorphism. Transmission/disequilibrium test in 106 Finnish families with CD indicated that only four polymorphisms, all located in the ICOS gene, showed evidence for genetic association. Strong linkage disequilibrium (LD), based on the analysis of 424 haplotypes, encompassed not only the associated ICOS markers but also many polymorphisms in the CTLA4 gene. Our results demonstrate that due to LD, it appears not easy to identify the genuine susceptibility factor in this region without larger multipopulation studies. Furthermore, the results did not support the evidence that polymorphisms in CTLA4 were the major susceptibility locus for CD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tissue Typing and Research Laboratory, Finnish Red Cross Blood Service, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haimila
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smedberg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mustalahti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mäki
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Partanen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Holopainen
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte / Q000235:genetics*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002889:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D005387:Finland; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D060889:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D017931:DNA Primers; C556692:ICOS protein, human; D060889:Inducible T-Cell Co-Stimulator Protein