title: Height in pre- and postmenopausal women is influenced by estrogen receptor alpha gene polymorphisms.
abstract: The estrogen receptor alpha gene (ESR1) is known to be involved in metabolic pathways influencing growth. We have performed two population-based association studies using three common polymorphisms within this candidate gene to determine whether these are associated with variation in adult stature. In 607 women, aged 55-80 yr, from the Rotterdam Study, the ESR1 PvuII-XbaI haplotype 1 (px) and the L allele of the TA repeat polymorphism (<18 TA repeats) were significantly associated with an allele dose-dependent decrease in height. The per allele copy of ESR1 PvuII-XbaI haplotype 1 height was 0.9 cm shorter (P trend = 0.02) and 1.0 cm/allele copy of the TA repeat L allele (P trend = 0.003). These results were independent of age, age at menarche and menopause, and lumbar spine bone mineral density and remained significant after participants with vertebral fractures were excluded. In 483 men from the Rotterdam Study we found no association with height. In 1500 pre- and perimenopausal women from the Eindhoven Study a similar association was observed; women were 0.5 cm shorter per allele copy of the ESR1 haplotype 1 (P for trend = 0.03). In conclusion, we demonstrate a role for genetic variations in the estrogen receptor alpha gene in determining adult stature in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Stephanie C E
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Schuit
authors.forename: Joyce B J
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: van Meurs
authors.forename: Arjan P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Bergink
authors.forename: Marjolein
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van der Klift
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Geraline
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leusink
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: Johannes P T M
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
authors.forename: André G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Uitterlinden
authors.forename: Huibert A P
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pols
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D001827:Body Height / Q000235:genetics*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008297:Male; D008572:Menarche; D008875:Middle Aged; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C025580:endodeoxyribonuclease XBAI; C025630:CAGCTG-specific type II deoxyribonucleases; D015252:Deoxyribonucleases, Type II Site-Specific