title: Microbiology of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We undertook to evaluate the microbiology of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Repeated aspirations of maxillary sinus secretions by endoscopy were performed in eight patients over a period of 98 to 185 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacteria were recovered for all 25 aspirates. A total of 31 isolates-14 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 11 Haemophilus influenzae, 5 Moraxella catarrhalis, and 1 Staphylococcus aureus-were recovered. The organism persisted in consecutive cultures in 13 instances and were eliminated in 8, and new organisms emerged in 6 instances. An increase in antimicrobial resistance was noted in 5 instances (3 in S. pneumoniae and 2 H. influenzae).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study illustrates the microbial dynamics of recurrent acute rhinosinusitis, with the changes in microbial findings and increased bacterial resistance that occurs over time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA. ib6@georgetown.edu
authors.forename: Itzhak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brook
authors.forename: Edith H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Frazier
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015523:Maxillary Sinusitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D001936:Moraxella catarrhalis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012008:Recurrence; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents