title: Olanzapine induces insulin resistance: results from a prospective study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to compare glucose metabolism in patients with schizophrenia receiving olanzapine with that in control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a prospective, controlled, open study comparing body weight, fat mass, and indices of insulin resistance/ sensitivity in 10 olanzapine-treated patients with ICD-10 schizophrenia (olanzapine dose range, 7.5-20 mg/day) with those of a group of 10 mentally and physically healthy volunteers. Weight, fat mass, and indices of insulin resistance/sensitivity were assessed over individual 8-week observation periods from November 1997 to October 1999.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fasting serum glucose and fasting serum insulin increased significantly in the olanzapine-treated patients (p =.008 for glucose and p =.006 for insulin). The homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) index for beta cell function did not change significantly in the olanzapine-treated patients, whereas the HOMA index for insulin resistance did increase (p =.006). In the control group, these parameters were stable. A significant increase in body weight (p =.001) and body fat (p =.004) was seen in patients treated with olanzapine, while the control group showed no significant changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that the disturbances in glucose homeostasis during antipsychotic treatment with olanzapine are mainly due to insulin resistance. However, beta cell function remains unaltered in olanzapine-treated patients. We conclude that treatment with some second-generation antipsychotic drugs may lead to insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria. Christoph.Edenbichler@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: Christoph F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Ebenbichler
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laimer
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eder
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mangweth
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hummer
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kemmler
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lechleitner
authors.forename: Josef R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Patsch
authors.forename: W Wolfgang
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Fleischhacker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010890:Pirenzepine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D010890:Pirenzepine; D000077152:Olanzapine