title: Expression of angiogenic growth factors in acoustic neurinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acoustic neurinoma (AN) can grow to a large size, but the growth-promoting molecular pathways remain unknown. As angiogenesis has been described as being activated in many cancers, we undertook this study in order to examine the microvascular network of AN and the expression of angiogenic growth factors and their cognate receptors in AN. The aim was to draw conclusions regarding the underlying mechanisms and potential benefit of a pathway-specific anticancer therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgical specimens from 34 patients with AN were analysed immunohistochemically for the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), VEGF-receptor 1 (VEGF-R1), VEGF-receptor 2 (VEGF-R2) and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1). The microvessel density (MVD) was defined using CD31 staining and macrophage infiltration using CD68 staining. MVD was correlated to tumour size, patient age and duration of symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With 1 exception each for VEGF and VEGF-R1, none of the 34 tumours expressed either VEGF, TGF-beta1, VEGF-R1 or -R2. No tumour-infiltrating macrophages were detected. The MVDs determined were low and did not correlate with tumour size, duration of symptoms or patient age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that ANs either do not express or express very low levels of the analysed proangiogenic growth factors. We conclude that tumour angiogenesis is not likely to be a relevant mechanism of AN growth and might therefore not be a suitable anticancer therapy target.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, School of Medicine, University Hospital of Mainz, Mainz, Germany. brieger@mail.uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brieger
authors.forename: Anan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bedavanija
authors.forename: Hans-Anton
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Lehr
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: Wolf J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Mann
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D003390:Cranial Nerve Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009464:Neuroma, Acoustic / Q000378:metabolism*; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor