title: Ciprofloxacin treatment failure in typhoid fever case, Pakistan.
abstract: We report a case of ciprofloxacin treatment failure in a typhoid fever patient at a tertiary care hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan. This case shows not only the emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in typhoid salmonellae but also the inadequacy of the current laboratory guidelines for detection of this resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. tariqbutt24@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Tariq
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Butt
authors.forename: Rifat Nadeem
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Abid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mahmood
authors.forename: Sabeen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zaidi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010154:Pakistan; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin