title: [Culture of neural stem cells from cerebral cortex of rat embryo and effects of drugs on the proliferation ability of stem cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish culture procedures of neural stem cells from embryonic rat brain, determine their stem-cell characteristics and observe the effects of several compounds on their proliferation ability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Firstly, a stem cell culture system was set up from embryonic rat cortex. The cells were identified as neural stem cells through immunocytochemistry, in which antibodies to neural stem cell specific protein and markers of mature neural cells were used. Then, by using MTT assay, the survival rate of neurospheres incubated with various concentrations of ginsenoside Rg1, (-)-clausenamide and salvianolic acid A were observed. Furthermore, the effect of these drugs was measured with 3[H] thymidine incorporation assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, a culture model of neural stem cell was successfully set up. In this model, primary cells from E16-18 rat cortex were dissected out, and cultured as floating neurospheres. The results of immunocytochemistry showed that nestin was expressed by the majority of cells within the sphere. After growing for 8 days in differentiation medium, cells from a single neurosphere were shown to differentiate into 3 main kinds of neural cells: neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. MTT assay revealed that the three drugs all enhanced the survival rate of neural stem cells, but 3[H] thymidine incorporation assay suggested that only Rg1 significantly accelerated the proliferation rate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One culture model of neural stem cell was set up successfully. Meanwhile, several drugs were found to increase the proliferation and/or survival rate of neural stem cells. It has been demonstrated that neural stem cells exist in adult mammalian brains. So, these drugs may become promising candidates for the therapy of neurodegenerative diseases; such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Li-hong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jun-tian
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007769:Lactams; D007773:Lactates; D017705:Lignans; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D036145:Ginsenosides; D007769:Lactams; D007773:Lactates; D017705:Lignans; C053048:clausenamide; C066201:salvianolic acid A; C035054:ginsenoside Rg1