title: Population stratification in the candidate gene study: fatal threat or red herring?
abstract: Advances in molecular genetics have provided behavioral scientists with a means of investigating the influence of genetic factors on human behavior. Unfortunately, recent candidate gene studies have produced inconsistent results, and a frequent scapegoat for the lack of replication across studies is the threat of population stratification. This review of the literature on population stratification suggests that the threat may be a red herring. Reliable findings will require improved specification and measurement of the behavioral phenotypes in question, a renewed focus on internal validity, and the specification and testing of genetic factors in the context of longitudinal multivariate models. In this respect, behavioral scientists are well suited to investigating genetic factors that influence psychological mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309-0345, USA. kenth@psych.colorado.edu
authors.forename: Kent E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Hutchison
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stallings
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McGeary
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bryan
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010641:Phenotype; D015203:Reproducibility of Results