The use of roxifiban (DMP754), a novel oral platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor, in patients with stable coronary artery disease.
BACKGROUND
Intravenous platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors have a significant beneficial impact on the outcomes of patients undergoing high-risk coronary interventions and in the stabilization of patients with unstable angina pectoris refractory to conventional medical treatment. The role of long-term treatment with oral platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitors in patients with coronary artery disease is unproven. This study examined the dose-response effect on inhibition of platelet aggregation by roxifiban (DMP754), a novel oral platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor, and its safety and tolerability in patients with a history of chronic stable angina pectoris.


METHODS
Ninety-eight patients were randomized to receive either a placebo or 1 of 8 oral dosages of roxifiban. Twenty-two patients were enrolled in multiple-dose regimens, bringing the total study population to 120. The oral dosages were 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.25, 1.5, 2, or 2.5 mg/day for up to 30 days.


RESULTS
Pharmacodynamic response of roxifiban was clearly dose-dependent. Platelet aggregation inhibition in response to 10 micromol/L slope adenosine diphosphate was sustained throughout the study period (up to 1 month). No serious adverse events, including significant major bleeding events, were associated with roxifiban treatment. Minor bleeding was reported in 5% of participants in the placebo group (1 of 21 cases) versus 26% in the study group (26 of 99 cases). Incidence of minor bleeding associated with roxifiban 2 and 2.5 mg/day was significantly (p < or = 0.05) greater than that with placebo. Adverse events, including gastrointestinal disorders, platelet and clotting disorders, and urinary tract disorders, were observed in 1 of 21 cases (5%) in the placebo group and in 12 of 99 cases (12%) in the study group. Reversible thrombocytopenia without other complications developed in two patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Roxifiban-induced inhibition of platelet aggregation was dose-dependent and sustained throughout the study period: higher drug dosages correlated with higher levels of platelet inhibition and higher incidence of minor bleeding events. No serious adverse events were observed at any dosage. Thus, roxifiban appears to be a potent oral platelet GP IIb/IIIa receptor inhibitor that is clinically well-tolerated and deserves further study as a new treatment strategy in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris.
Murphy
Joseph
J
Mayo Alliance for Clinical Trials and Division of Cardiology, Mayo Clinic and Mayo Foundation, Rochester, USA.
Wright
R Scott
RS
Gussak
Ihor
I
Williams
Brent
B
Daly
Robert N
RN
Cain
Valerie A
VA
Pieniaszek
Henry J
HJ
Sy
Sherwin K B
SK
Ebling
William
W
Simonson
Kristen
K
Wilcox
Racehl A
RA
Kopecky
Stephen L
SL
D000368:Aged; D000578:Amidines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D001760:Bleeding Time; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007555:Isoxazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
D000578:Amidines; D007555:Isoxazoles; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; C118235:roxifiban