title: [Patient classification and analysis of risk profiles for type 2 diabetics as the main focus point in practice. Results of the TEMPO study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Disease management programs (DMP) e. g. for diabetes mellitus, should be the clinical and economic basis for a structured treatment. This article shows results of specialized outpatient treatment using a risk factor depending patient classification.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetes associated co-morbidities, micro- and macrovascular complications, the results and findings of blood pressure and metabolism of glucose and lipids, as well as all treatment-associated costs of 5245 type 2 diabetics were collected for a period of 12 months, accompanied by different measures of quality control. For documentation in the centres, all available original data were used as local data sources.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient classification system, on which diabetic risk profiles are based, covered 74.3 % of all type 2 diabetic patients. Daily direct costs for all treatment measures ranged between EUR 4.79 (primary prevention) and EUR 8.96 for patients suffering from advanced diabetic foot syndrome. Most of the treatment costs arose from prescriptions of pharmaceuticals, other remedies and aids. Specific strategies of therapy were both related to the severity of co-morbidities and the time since manifestation of diabetes (r = 0.486; p < 0.01, two-sided). The share of patients receiving diet and exercise only decreased from 22.8 % (primary prevention) to below 10 % of patients suffering from microvascular complications. Simultaneously, the share of patients receiving insulin increased up to 81.8 % of patients suffering from advanced diabetic retinopathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The risk profile specific variation in the results clearly shows the need of a risk factor depending classification system for type 2 diabetes, which could be useful to reform and focus the system of compensating payments between health insurance companies more and more on morbidity, or on risk profiles.
authors.affiliation: Diabetologische Schwerpunktpraxis, Diabetologe DDG. Lippmann-Grob@t-online.de
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lippmann-Grob
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bierwirth
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kron
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leinhos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Funke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huptas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grüneberg
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Weich
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Münscher
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Potthoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000145:classification* / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000191:economics; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000191:economics; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin