title: HLA haplotypes associated with type 1 diabetes mellitus in North Indian children.
abstract: Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) encoded susceptibility to develop type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been investigated in children from North India. The results revealed significantly increased prevalence of HLA-A26, -B8, and -B50 among patients and strong positive association of the disease with DRB1*0301 (82.1% vs 13.9%, chi2=71.3, odds ratio [OR]=28.3) and a negative association with DRB1*02 (chi2=12.2, PF=38.5). HLA-DQB1*0201 occurred in 96.4% of the patients, whereas the heterodimer DQA1*0501-DQB1*0201 was present in 82.1% of patients (60.7% in single dose and 21.4% in double dose) and revealed significant deviation from the healthy controls (chi2=74.1, pc=6.0E-10). In addition to DRB1*03, positive association was also observed with DRB1*09 (14.3% vs 1.3%, chi2=13.4) and DRB1*04 (39.3% vs 15.6%, chi2=8.39). No HLA association was observed in relation to residual pancreatic beta-cell function or associated thyroid autoimmunity. Family analysis revealed involvement of multiple DR3+ve haplotypes with T1DM in North Indian children with A26-B8-DRB1*03 (25% vs 3.5%, chi2=16.9, p=3.96E-05) and Ax-B50-DRB1*03 (25% vs 0.7%, chi2=44.7, p=9.88E-11) being the most frequent haplotypes encountered among patients. The classical Caucasian haplotype A1-B8-DRB1*03 was infrequent (7.2%) among the diabetic children. The study highlights the race specificity of HLA association and disease associated HLA haplotypes in T1DM among North Indian children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Transplant Immunology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Uma
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Kanga
authors.forename: Balu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vaidyanathan
authors.forename: Ritika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaini
authors.forename: Puthezath S N
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Menon
authors.forename: Narinder K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Mehra
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000483:Alleles; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; C553502:HLA-DRB1*03:01 antigen