title: Serum levels of bile salt-stimulated lipase and breast feeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) is present in the sera of healthy humans, may affect lipoprotein structure and composition, and reduce atherogenicity of oxidized LDL-cholesterol. Our aims were to examine serum levels of BSSL in breast- and formula-fed infants, and explore the influence of BSSL on serum lipid profile and oxidative status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Infants (2-8 weeks old) were prospectively enrolled. Blood was drawn for serum levels of BSSL, total antioxidant status (TAS), and lipid profile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum levels of BSSL were similar in breast-fed (0.28 +/- 0.15 microg/l, n = 18) and formula-fed (0.31 +/- 0.09 microg/l, n = 15) infants, and were much lower than reported levels for adults. In breast-fed infants only, BSSL levels were correlated with LDL-cholesterol serum levels (r = -0.53, p = 0.04). Total cholesterol (119.2 +/- 34.3 mg/dl vs 97 +/- 27.2, and p = 0.05) and LDL-cholesterol serum levels (50.5 +/- 26.1 mg/dl vs 33.3 +/- 20.3, p = 0.05), were elevated in breast-fed compared with formula-fed infants, but TAS was similar in both groups (1.02 +/- 0.18 mmol/l and 0.98 +/- 0.12 mmol/l, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lack of difference in BSSL serum levels between formula- and breast-feeding, and lower BSSL levels in infants compared to adults, suggest that human milk does not contribute to BSSL serum levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Rambam Medical Center, Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel. shamirr@netvision.net.il
authors.forename: Raanan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shamir
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nganga
authors.forename: Drora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berkowitz
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lischinsky
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lombardo
authors.forename: Naim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shehadeh
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000737:chemistry; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D002787:Sterol Esterase / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; C054784:bile salt-stimulated lipase; D002787:Sterol Esterase