Marine envenomations. Part 2--Other marine envenomations.
BACKGROUND
Australian waters contain a variety of venomous creatures, including jellyfish, stinging fish, blue-ringed octopus, sea snakes, cone snails and stingrays.


OBJECTIVE
Part 2 of this article focusses on common marine envenomations other than jellyfish stings.


CONCLUSIONS
Even though mortality from these envenomations is low, there is a high level of morbidity especially with stonefish and other stinging fish envenomations. Some envenomations, however, are serious enough to require antivenom treatment and deaths still occasionally occur.
Nimorakiotakis
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Epworth Hospital, Australian Venom Research Unit, Department of Pharmacology, University of Melbourne, Victoria.
Winkel
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D001315:Australia; D001733:Bites and Stings / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D020916:Conotoxins / Q000506:poisoning*; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000506:poisoning*; D005392:First Aid / Q000379:methods; D005397:Fish Venoms / Q000506:poisoning*; D006801:Humans; D008978:Mollusk Venoms / Q000506:poisoning*
D020916:Conotoxins; D004546:Elapid Venoms; D005397:Fish Venoms; D008978:Mollusk Venoms