title: GADD34-PP1c recruited by Smad7 dephosphorylates TGFbeta type I receptor.
abstract: The cascade of phosphorylation is a pivotal event in transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) signaling. Reversible phosphorylation regulates fundamental aspects of cell activity. TGFbeta-induced Smad7 binds to type I receptor (TGFbeta type I receptor; TbetaRI) functioning as a receptor kinase antagonist. We found Smad7 interacts with growth arrest and DNA damage protein, GADD34, a regulatory subunit of the protein phosphatase 1 (PP1) holoenzyme, which subsequently recruits catalytic subunit of PP1 (PP1c) to dephosphorylate TbetaRI. Blocking Smad7 expression by RNA interference inhibits association of GADD34-PP1c complex with TbetaRI, indicating Smad7 acts as an adaptor protein in the formation of the PP1 holoenzyme that targets TbetaRI for dephosphorylation. SARA (Smad anchor for receptor activation) enhances the recruitment PP1c to the Smad7-GADD34 complex by controlling the specific subcellular localization of PP1c. Importantly, GADD34-PP1c recruited by Smad7 inhibits TGFbeta-induced cell cycle arrest and mediates TGFbeta resistance in responding to UV light irradiation. The dephosphorylation of TbetaRI mediated by Smad7 is an effective mechanism for governing negative feedback in TGFbeta signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: Weibin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Chuanxi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Wencheng
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Xingming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Dachun
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D030201:Activin Receptors, Type I / Q000378:metabolism*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D034622:RNA Interference / Q000502:physiology; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051906:Smad7 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; C497806:SMAD7 protein, human; D051906:Smad7 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D030201:Activin Receptors, Type I; D000077293:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type I; C087519:PPP1R15A protein, human; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1