title: Managing suicide risk in late life: access to firearms as a public health risk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors assessed the prevalence of gun availability for elderly patients to determine whether gun availability is related to the presence of suicidal or depressive symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a cross-sectional epidemiologic survey of firearm availability and safety practices. A random sample of older adults with a scheduled primary-care clinic appointment was selected and screened with the General Health Questionnaire and questions about suicidality and alcohol use. Participants were also asked about the availability of firearms in their home and about safe gun practices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1,023 patients screened, 285 (27.9%) reported having some type of firearm in the home, and 202 (19.7%) reported having a handgun in the home. Patients with suicidal ideation or high levels of depression or psychological distress were not significantly more or less likely to have a gun in the home than those without these emotional stressors. The strongest predictors of firearm availability were being male and being married.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary data suggest that a significant proportion of elderly people have firearms available to them in their homes. Those patients with emotional distress did not differ from those without distress with respect to having firearms available to them. These data strongly suggest the need for screening for firearm availability and education about the safe storage of firearms as a potential means of prevention of suicide among elderly patients suffering from emotional distress or suicidal ideation.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, 3600 Chestnut Street, Room 790, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. oslin@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Oslin
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zubritsky
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mullahy
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Puliafico
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ten Have
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005389:Firearms; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011634:Public Health; D012307:Risk Factors; D013405:Suicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D000092864:Suicide Prevention