Malformation of stapes in VACTERLS association: a histopathologic study and three-dimensional reconstruction.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the temporal bone with a malformed stapes in VACTERLS association.


METHODS
The study design was a case report, histopathology of the temporal bone, and three-dimensional reconstruction of the ossicles and cochlea.


METHODS
The study was carried out in the Temporal Bone Bank at Charles University, Hradec Králové, on a case from Temporal Bone Foundation, Boston.


METHODS
A 1540-g, 41-cm female neonate with VACTERLS association, histopathology of the temporal bone, and three-dimensional reconstruction of the middle ear ossicles and cochlea.


RESULTS
The posterior part of the footplate was missing, and the posterior crura of the stapes was not connected to the footplate but found freely suspended in the sinus tympani.


CONCLUSIONS
Computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction was performed from histologic sections of the temporal bone removed from a case of VACTERLS association. The reconstruction included structures such as the bony labyrinth and the middle ear ossicles. The abnormality observed in the reconstruction included the mislocation of the stapes and a shortened footplate.
Chrobok
Viktor
V
Department of Otolaryngology, General Hospital, Pardubice, Czech Republic. chrobok@nem.pce.cz
Jezek
Bruno
B
Simáková
Eva
E
Northrop
Clarindy
C
Carranza
Alfonso
A
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000473:pathology*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010784:Photomicrography; D013199:Stapes / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology*; D013577:Syndrome; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000473:pathology*