title: Cryptorchidism: a general surgical perspective.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The treatment of cryptorchidism has changed, with surgery now advocated before the age of two years. Delayed treatment affects fertility, malignant potential and psychological stress.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the pattern of referral of cryptorchid patients to a surgical clinic, management and follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  A four-year review of 114 cryptorchid patients examined age at presentation, waiting time, timing of surgery and length of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age at presentation to the surgical clinic was 6.7 years (neonatal to 71). The mean age at orchidopexy was 5.6 years. Seventy per cent had a surgical procedure within eight weeks of presentation to a surgeon. Seven per cent were kept under surveillance until a maximum age of three years before orchidopexy was considered. Only 29% proceeded to surgery before the age of two. Seventeen were referred to a paediatric urology unit for further management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Orchidopexy seems prudent between one and two years of age. Only one-quarter of patients underwent early orchidopexy. It is vital that it is detected early, by paediatricians at birth or the general practitioners (GPs) at the six-week check up. Prompt referral to a surgeon with a paediatric interest is essential in order to permit surveillance or surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Co Louth, Ireland. garyktlim@hotmail.com
authors.forename: K T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Casey
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lennon
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gillen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stokes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors