title: The eVALuate study: two parallel randomised trials, one comparing laparoscopic with abdominal hysterectomy, the other comparing laparoscopic with vaginal hysterectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of laparoscopic hysterectomy and abdominal hysterectomy in the abdominal trial, and laparoscopic hysterectomy and vaginal hysterectomy in the vaginal trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two parallel, multicentre, randomised trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  28 UK centres and two South African centres.
  
  
  METHODS
  1380 women were recruited; 1346 had surgery; 937 were followed up at one year. Primary outcome Rate of major complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the abdominal trial laparoscopic hysterectomy was associated with a higher rate of major complications than abdominal hysterectomy (11.1% v 6.2%, P = 0.02; difference 4.9%, 95% confidence interval 0.9% to 9.1%) and the number needed to treat to harm was 20. Laparoscopic hysterectomy also took longer to perform (84 minutes v 50 minutes) but was less painful (visual analogue scale 3.51 v 3.88, P = 0.01) and resulted in a shorter stay in hospital after the operation (3 days v 4 days). Six weeks after the operation, laparoscopic hysterectomy was associated with less pain and better quality of life than abdominal hysterectomy (SF-12, body image scale, and sexual activity questionnaires). In the vaginal trial we found no evidence of a difference in major complication rates between laparoscopic hysterectomy and vaginal hysterectomy (9.8% v 9.5%, P = 0.92; difference 0.3%, -5.2% to 5.8%), and the number needed to treat to harm was 333. We found no evidence of other differences between laparoscopic hysterectomy and vaginal hysterectomy except that laparoscopic hysterectomy took longer to perform (72 minutes v 39 minutes) and was associated with a higher rate of detecting unexpected pathology (16.4% v 4.8%, P = < 0.01). However, this trial was underpowered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic hysterectomy was associated with a significantly higher rate of major complications than abdominal hysterectomy. It also took longer to perform but was associated with less pain, quicker recovery, and better short term quality of life. The trial comparing vaginal hysterectomy with laparoscopic hysterectomy was underpowered and is inconclusive on the rate of major complications; however, vaginal hysterectomy took less time.
authors.affiliation: University of Western Australia, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Perth, WA 6008, Australia. rgarry@obsgyn.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garry
authors.forename: Jayne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fountain
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hawe
authors.forename: Vicky
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Napp
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clayton
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Whittaker
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lilford
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bridgman
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D007045:Hysterectomy, Vaginal / Q000379:methods; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D007902:Length of Stay; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D013019:South Africa; D006113:United Kingdom