title: Laparoscopic needle catheter jejunostomy: modification of the technique and outcome results.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We describe a modification of the technique for laparoscopic jejunostomy in patients with stenosis of the upper gastrointestinal tract and assess the patients outcomes with this enteral access.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective study of 80 patients, we evaluated the outcome of a modified technique for the laparoscopic placement of a jejunostomy catheter into the proximal jejunum. Standard laparoscopy equipment and ready-to-use jejunostomy catheters were used. After the creation of a pneumoperitoneum, the proximal jejunal loop was fixed to the parietal peritoneum. The jejunum was then punctured with a split needle, and the catheter (9F) was pushed into the jejunum. Finally, the catheter was secured with an additional purse-string suture. The external fixation was performed with nonabsorbable sutures. Enteral nutritional support with a polymeric enteral diet was initiated after fluoroscopic control on the first postoperative day at a rate of 20 ml/h. The flow rate was increased progressively until the nutritional goal of 60-80 ml/h was reached on the 3rd or 4th postoperative day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients (n = 80), the placement site of the catheter was correct, and all patients were able to receive enteral nutrition on the 1st postoperative day. There were no intraoperative complications. The mean operating time was 51 min. Two patients developed a localized infection at the catheter site; one patient developed an abscess; and three patients had catheter obstructions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients in need of intermediate or long-term enteral nutrition may benefit from laparoscopic catheter jejunostomy. The technique described is safe, effective, and less invasive than alternative techniques of laparoscopic jejunostomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ruhr University-Bochum, St. Josef Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany. m.senkal@t-online.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senkal
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hummel
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zumtobel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002404:Catheterization; D004066:Digestive System Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007582:Jejunostomy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection; D016896:Treatment Outcome