title: Intravenous administration of thioredoxin decreases brain damage following transient focal cerebral ischemia in mice.
abstract: Thioredoxin (TRX) is induced by a variety of oxidative stimuli and shows cytoprotective roles against oxidative stress. To clarify the possibility of clinical application, we examined the effects of intravenously administered TRX in a model of transient focal cerebral ischemia in this study. Mature male C57BL/6j mice received either continuous intravenous infusion of recombinant human TRX (rhTRX) over a range of 1-10 mg/kg, bovine serum albumin, or vehicle alone for 2 h after 90-min transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). Twenty-four hours after the transient MCAO, the animals were evaluated neurologically and the infarct volumes were assessed. Infarct volume, neurological deficit, and protein carbonyl contents, a marker of protein oxidation, in the brain were significantly ameliorated in rhTRX-treated mice at the dose of 3 and 10 mg/kg versus these parameters in control animals. Moreover, activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, whose pathway is involved in ischemic neuronal death, was suppressed in the rhTRX-treated mice. Further, rhTRX was detected in the ischemic hemisphere by western blot analysis, suggesting that rhTRX was able to permeate the blood-brain barrier in the ischemic hemisphere. These data indicate that exogenous TRX exerts distinct cytoprotective effects on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in mice by means of its redox-regulating activity.
authors.forename: Itaro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugino
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yodoi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013879:Thioredoxins; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases