title: Changes in HNK-1 epitope and collagen type IX in the aqueous humour of patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate alterations in the proteoglycan (PG) and glycosaminoglycan (GAG) content of the aqueous humour in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome (PEX).
  
  
  METHODS
  Aqueous humor samples were obtained during cataract surgery from nineteen patients bearing PEX features and twenty-three age-matched normal controls. Protein and IgG were quantified densitometrically after their electrophoretic separation. Collagen type IX, 3-sulphoglucuronic acid (HNK-1 epitope), biglycan and heparan sulphate proteoglycans were detected in Western and dot blots by using specific monoclonal antibodies (MAbs). The immunochemical analysis was performed in native aqueous humour or after degradation of the glycosaminoglycans with chondroitinases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Degradation of the samples with chondroitinases ABC, AC and B revealed that, in the aqueous humour from PEX eyes, collagen type IX and biglycan had a more dermatan sulphate than did normal eyes. In addition, more HNK-1 epitope was observed in PEX eyes, which after similar enzymatic treatment was found to be located mainly in dermatan sulphate sequences. 3-sulphoglucuronic acid was a constituent of the GAG chains of the collagen type IX. We found that the electrophoretic mobility of the bands of collagen type IX and HNK-1 epitope was exactly the same in the aqueous humour of normal and PEX samples; both migrated as four bands at 120, 113, 92.6 and 56 kDa. The PGs bearing heparan sulphate were found only in normal samples. Other PGs were not detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because no significant difference was observed in the concentration of albumin and IgG in PEX and normal samples, the blood-aqueous barrier was probably not significantly compromised in PEX patients with cataract but without open-angle glaucoma. The results support the hypothesis that the pathogenesis of PEX can be linked to disturbed metabolism of GAGs and PGs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Patras Medical School, Patras, Rion, Greece. s.gartag@med.upatras.gr
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Gartaganis
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Georgakopoulos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Assouti
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Mela
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Exarchou
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Giannelou
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Gotsis
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ziouti
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Vynios
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Tripathi
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Tripathi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D058578:Biglycan; D015153:Blotting, Western; D024081:Collagen Type IX / Q000378:metabolism*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005965:Glucuronates / Q000378:metabolism*; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C546884:BGN protein, human; D058578:Biglycan; D024081:Collagen Type IX; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005965:Glucuronates; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D011509:Proteoglycans; C073031:glucuronic acid 3-sulfate