title: Estimation of active cortical current source regions using a vector representation scanning approach.
abstract: The objective of this article is to present a framework for cortical current source reconstruction that extracts a center and magnitude of electrical brain activity from EEG signals. High-resolution EEG recordings, a subject-specific MRI-based electromagnetic boundary element method (BEM) model, and a channel reduction technique are used. This new geometric measure combines the magnitude and spatial location of electrical brain activity of each of the identified subsets of channels into a three-dimensional resultant vector. The combination of the two approaches constitutes a source reconstruction scanning technique that provides a real-time estimation of cortical centers that can be tracked over time. Simulations demonstrate that the ability of this method to find the best-fit cortical location is more robust both in terms of accuracy and precision than traditional approaches for single-source conditions. Experimental validation demonstrates its ability to localize and separate cortical activity in plausible sites for two different motor tasks. Finally, this method provides a statistical measure to compare electrical brain activity associated with different motor tasks.
authors.affiliation: Sensory Motor Performance Program, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60185, USA. tony@developmentalinnovations.com
authors.forename: Anthony L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ricamato
authors.forename: Yasin Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Dhaher
authors.forename: Julius P A
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Dewald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D015225:Magnetoencephalography / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008959:Models, Neurological; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors