title: Hydroxyapatite cement in temporal bone surgery: a 10 year experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the indications for successful use of hydroxyapatite cement (HAC) in temporal bone surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case review.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred nine temporal bone defects related to surgical approaches to the skull base, infection, neoplasms, or congenital defect in 102 adults and children were corrected using HAC over a 10-year period. The results and complications were obtained through retrospective chart review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-seven percent of temporal bone defects were successfully repaired using HAC, and the reconstruction remained stable over the course of this study. There was one case of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak. Wound infection occurred in three patients, which required reoperation and removal of the biomaterial.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HAC is a biomaterial that should be used as the primary method to reconstruct temporal bone defects. Proper use of this biomaterial results in restoration of the integrity of the temporal bone and elimination of cerebrospinal fluid leak as a postoperative complication.
authors.affiliation: Section of Otolaryngology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Kveton
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Coelho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002530:Cerebellopontine Angle / Q000601:surgery; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012886:Skull / Q000002:abnormalities; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000601:surgery; D012888:Skull Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C475044:hydroxyapatite cement