title: Functional MRI using intravascular contrast agents: detrending of the relative cerebrovascular (rCBV) time course.
abstract: In pharmacological fMRI experiments in animal models, blood pool contrast agents may be used to map cerebral blood volume change as a surrogate for neural activation. When the background signal drift due to contrast agent washout is non-negligible over the duration of the signal changes of interest, time-course detrending is essential for accurate interpretation of the experiment. Detrending approaches based on estimation of the background signal from a baseline period of the time course prior to pharmacological (or functional) challenge were evaluated with the aim of identifying a robust method of estimating the contrast agent washout contribution to the background signal drift. For fMRI studies in the rat, it was found that a constrained fit of a mono-exponential washout model was more accurate than a constant background approximation and unconstrained fits for experiments investigating the functional response to rapid pharmacological challenges such as cocaine and amphetamine. Moreover, the constrained fitting approach allows shorter baseline periods than unconstrained extrapolation, reducing the required duration of the experiment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroimaging, Centre of Excellence for Drug Discovery (Psychiatry), GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre, Verona, Italy. adam.j.schwarz@gsk.com
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reese
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gozzi
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bifone
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine; D000818:Animals; D001810:Blood Volume; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003042:Cocaine; D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D007501:Iron; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D008297:Male; D010087:Oxides; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013535:Suspensions; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D003911:Dextrans; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D010087:Oxides; D013535:Suspensions; D000661:Amphetamine; D007501:Iron; C065507:ferumoxides; D003042:Cocaine; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide