In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of chlorhexidine and sodium hypochlorite.
The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro the antimicrobial activity of 0.2%, 1%, and 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHX gel and CHX liquid), against endodontic pathogens and compare the results with the ones achieved by 0.5%, 1%, 2.5%, 4%, and 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl). A broth dilution test was performed, and the timing for irrigants to kill microbial cells was recorded and statistically analyzed. Both 2.0% gel and liquid formulations eliminated Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans in 15 seconds, whereas the gel formulation killed Enterococcus faecalis in 1 minute. All tested irrigants eliminated Porphyromonas endodontalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Prevotella intermedia in 15 seconds. The timing required for 1.0% and 2.0% CHX liquid to eliminate all microorganisms was the same required for 5.25% NaOCl. The antimicrobial action is related to type, concentration, and presentation form of the irrigants as well as the microbial susceptibility.
Vianna
Morgana Eli
ME
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Piracicaba Dental School, State University of Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Gomes
Brenda P F A
BP
Berber
Vanessa Bellocchio
VB
Zaia
Alexandre Augusto
AA
Ferraz
Caio Cezar Randi
CC
de Souza-Filho
Francisco José
FJ
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D045202:Porphyromonas endodontalis / Q000187:drug effects; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects; D018713:Prevotella intermedia / Q000187:drug effects; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012996:Solutions; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D004202:Disinfectants; D005782:Gels; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D012996:Solutions; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine