title: Operative blood loss and use of blood products after laparoscopic and conventional open colorectal operations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Blood loss, measured by estimated blood loss, drop in hemoglobin levels, and transfusion requirements, is lower in patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy compared with patients undergoing conventional open colectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-matched study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing laparoscopic colectomy between January 2000 and December 2001 were matched in a prospective database for age, sex, comorbidity, and surgical procedure with patients undergoing open colectomy during the same period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Estimated blood loss, drop in hemoglobin levels, and transfusion requirements after surgery were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred forty-seven patients undergoing the same operation using either an open or laparoscopic approach could be matched for age, sex, and diagnosis related grouping. There was no significant difference in American Society of Anesthesiologists class, body mass index, or preoperative and postoperative hemoglobin levels, but the open colectomy group required significantly more units of blood (P =.003) to maintain similar hemoglobin levels after surgery. Estimated blood loss (P<.001) and the number of patients who received transfusions on the day of surgery (P =.002), during the first 48 hours after surgery (P =.005), and during the entire hospital stay (P =.003) were significantly higher in the open colectomy group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A laparoscopic approach for colorectal surgery led to significantly less blood loss than matched open colectomy cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Ravi P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Kiran
authors.forename: Conor P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Delaney
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Senagore
authors.forename: Bruce L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Millward
authors.forename: Victor W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Fazio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003082:Colectomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003107:Colorectal Surgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011336:Probability; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome