[Mammographic density as indicator of breast cancer risk].
BACKGROUND
Mammograms are useful in identifying early breast cancers before they become palpable, but they can also give us information about mammographic density, a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Mammographic density has been suggested as a biomarker for breast cancer risk and is currently being used as a surrogate endpoint for breast cancer in several cancer prevention trials.


METHODS
This article summarises the rationale for using mammographic density as a surrogate endpoint for breast cancer, with an emphasis on the results that have been published over the last decade.


RESULTS
Mammographic density not only represents a strong risk factor for breast cancer, it is also modifiable. Mammograms are non-invasive and mammographic density is readily assessed using computer-assisted methods.


CONCLUSIONS
The ultimate question that remains to be answered is whether a change in mammographic density translates to a change in breast cancer risk. This question could easily be addressed in the Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Programme if participants were asked the necessary questions when attending the screening programme.
Ursin
Giske
G
Institutt for ernaeringsforskning, Universitetet i Oslo, Postboks 1046 Blindern, 0316 Oslo. giske.ursin@basalmed.uio.no
D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor