title: Antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae and Haemophilus influenzae isolated from children with community-acquired respiratory tract infections in Central Poland.
abstract: Resistance to commonly used antimicrobial agents among the key respiratory pathogens is increasing worldwide and therefore a rational choice of an empirical treatment requires knowledge of both global and local resistance patterns. The susceptibility of 185 Streptococcus pneumoniae and 169 Haemophilus influenzae isolates collected from January 1999 to May 2002 at the Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland, from 351 children with community-acquired respiratory tract infections (RTIs) has been determined. Of S. pneumoniae isolates, 84% were susceptible to penicillin, 91% to cefaclor, 95% to cefuroxime, 98% to cefotaxime, 79% to erythromycin, 46% to co-trimoxazole, 82% to clindamycin and 59% to tetracycline. The majority (83%) of erythromycin-resistant isolates tested carried the erm(B) gene, conferring the MLS(B) phenotype. All tetracycline-resistant S. pneumoniae strains analysed were tet(M) positive and tet(O) negative. A total of 24% of H. influenzae isolates were beta-lactamase-positive. H. influenzae susceptibility to amoxicillin/clavulanate, cefaclor, cefuroxime, azithromycin, tetracycline and co-trimoxazole was 100, 89, 94, 96, 96 and 43%, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Aleja Dzieci Polskich 20, 04-736 Warsaw, Poland.
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Semczuk
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dzierzanowska-Fangrat
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lopaciuk
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gabinska
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jozwiak
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dzierzanowska
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents