title: Inactivation of the ARF-MDM-2-p53 pathway in sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma in children.
abstract: Burkitt's lymphomas (BLs) are characterized by an activated MYC gene that provides a constitutive proliferative signal. However, activated myc can initiate ARF-dependent activation of p53 and apoptosis as well. Data derived from cell culture and animal models suggest that the inactivation of the ARF-MDM-2-p53 apoptotic signaling pathway may be a necessary secondary event for the development of BL. This has not been tested in freshly excised BL tissue. We investigated the ARF-MDM-2-p53 pathway in tumor specimen from 24 children with sporadic BL/B-ALL. Direct sequencing revealed a point mutation in the p53 gene in four BL. Overexpression of MDM-2 was evident in 10 of the BL samples analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR. Deletion of the CDKN2A locus that encodes ARF or reduced expression of ARF could not be detected in any BL by fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis or real-time quantitative PCR, respectively. Our results indicate that the ARF-MDM-2-p53 apoptotic pathway is disrupted in about 55% of the cases of childhood sporadic BL. We suggest that in addition to the inactivation of the ARF-MDM-2-p53 protective checkpoint function other antiapoptotic mutations may occur in a substantial part of children with sporadic BL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wilda
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bruch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Harder
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rawer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reiter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borkhardt
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Woessmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes; D008297:Male; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D012194:RNA-Directed DNA Polymerase