title: Tumefactive myelinoclastic diffuse sclerosis--case report.
abstract: A 6-year-old boy presented with mental disturbance and progressive left hemiparesis. Magnetic resonance imaging demonstrated large intracranial mass lesions with ring-like enhancement. His neurological condition deteriorated rapidly. Open biopsy via craniotomy was performed under the suspicion of tumor. Histological examination showed massive demyelination and axon preservation, but no tumor cells. The diagnosis was myelinoclastic diffuse sclerosis (MDS). He was treated with high-dose methylprednisolone and improved dramatically. MDS is a rare demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that affects mainly children and may mimic a brain tumor. MDS must be included in the differential diagnosis in young patients with a brain tumor with atypical radiological appearance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima. sochian@m.kufm.kagoshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Obara
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeshima
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Awa
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yonezawa
authors.forename: Tatsuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyoshi
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagayama
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Niiro
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuratsu
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D002549:Diffuse Cerebral Sclerosis of Schilder / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005684:Gait; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology