title: Signalling activity of beta-catenin targeted to different subcellular compartments.
abstract: Beta-catenin plays a dual role as an adhesion molecule in adherens junctions at the plasma membrane and as a key intermediate in the canonical Wnt signalling pathway. The cytosolic soluble pool of beta-catenin, involved in the transmission of the Wnt signal, is normally subjected to rapid protein degradation. On activation of the Wnt cascade, beta-catenin becomes stabilized and then translocates into the nucleus where it co-activates transcription factors of the TCF (T-cell factor)/LEF (lymphoid enhancer factor) family. The expression of plasma membrane-targeted forms of beta-catenin has been shown to also activate TCF/LEF-dependent transcription and different mechanisms have been put forward. In the present study, we have undertaken a systematic analysis of the signalling capability of non-degradable forms of beta-catenin targeted to different cellular compartments. beta-Catenin targeted to the plasma membrane activated transcription to a greater extent compared with non-targeted beta-catenin, and led to a marked stabilization of cytosolic soluble beta-catenin. These effects were independent of the competition with endogenous beta-catenin for binding to E-cadherin at the plasma membrane, since targeting non-degradable beta-catenin to other cellular compartments, i.e. the outer mitochondrial membrane and the endoplasmic reticulum membrane, also resulted in the accumulation of cytosolic wild-type beta-catenin and activation of beta-catenin-dependent signalling. In contrast, nuclear-targeted beta-catenin was without significant effect on cytosolic wild-type beta-catenin and did not activate transcription. Our results suggest that cytosolic accumulation of beta-catenin is a prerequisite for the activation of TCF/LEF-dependent transcription in the nucleus.
authors.affiliation: Wolfson Digestive Diseases Centre, University Hospital, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK. Thilo.Hagen@nottingham.ac.uk
authors.forename: Thilo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hagen
authors.forename: Jaswinder K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Sethi
authors.forename: Neale
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Foxwell
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vidal-Puig
mesh_terms: D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002451:Cell Compartmentation; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051821:Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1; D016296:Mutagenesis; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D015820:Cadherins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051821:Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051176:beta Catenin