title: Unintentional inversion of corneal buttons during penetrating keratoplasty: clinico-pathological report of two cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This report describes the clinico-pathological features of unintentionally inverted corneal buttons in two patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A clinico-pathological report.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients who underwent repeat keratoplasty for failed grafts were found to have inverted corneal buttons on histopathological examination. A detailed description of the pathological features of the inverse keratoplasty and the clinical outcome after repeat keratoplasty is presented.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inadvertent inverse keratoplasty should be considered as a rare cause of corneal graft failure. The serious complication of anterior chamber epithelialization seems to be unlikely and the prognosis following repeat penetrating keratoplasty appears to be very good.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK. sdinakaran@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dinakaran
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Beekhuis
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mooy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology*; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D015948:Keratoplasty, Penetrating / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D019300:Medical Errors; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012086:Reoperation