title: Measurement of serum bactericidal activity specific for Haemophilus influenzae type b by using a chromogenic and fluorescent metabolic indicator.
abstract: We evaluated alamarBlue as a metabolic indicator in a standardized assay for the measurement of serum bactericidal activity (SBA) to Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) using sera containing natural and vaccine-induced anticapsular (polyribosylribitol phosphate) antibodies. SBA assays with a colorimetric and a fluorometric end point in the presence of alamarBlue were developed and compared to a standard SBA assay, where colony counts are performed to determine the titer (12). A colorimetric end point required a spectrophotometer, whereas a fluorometric end point required a fluorometer. Prevaccination sera (n = 27) and postvaccination sera (n = 13) were tested by all three methodologies, and the SBA titers obtained in the presence of alamarBlue were compared to those from the standard method. Both the colorimetric and the fluorometric SBA titers were significantly correlated (r = 0.87 and r = 0.95, respectively) with those of the standard assay (>/= 50% killing as the SBA titer end point), and titers were not significantly different when compared to those of the standard assay (P > 0.68). However, the fluorometric end point had superior performance and ease of titer determination compared to the colorimetric end point (95 versus 87% of SBA titers were within 2 dilutions of the standard titer). Hib SBA assays with alamarBlue are reproducible, faster (same-day assay), and easier to perform than the standardized assay, which requires manual or automated colony counts. These semiautomated methodologies result in increased sample throughput and collection of data in digital formats that can be exported to data analysis programs for determination of SBA titers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. SSteiner@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Romero-Steiner
authors.forename: Willie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Spear
authors.forename: Nekeidra
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Holder
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hennessy
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gomez De Leon
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Carlone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D002648:Child; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D003124:Colorimetry; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005470:Fluorometry; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019741:Haemophilus influenzae type b / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010078:Oxazines; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015610:Serum Bactericidal Test / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014966:Xanthenes
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D002863:Chromogenic Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; D010078:Oxazines; D014966:Xanthenes; C005843:resazurin