title: Evaluation of leukocyte cell surface markers in dogs with septic and nonseptic inflammatory diseases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether functional alterations in neutrophils and mononuclear leukocytes are a consistent finding in dogs with inflammatory disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  40 healthy dogs, 30 dogs with nonseptic inflammatory diseases, 25 dogs with septic inflammation, and 8 dogs with multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) secondary to sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neutrophil size and granularity; expression of cell surface molecules including CD18, CD11b, and mature neutrophil antigen on neutrophils; and major histocompatability antigen class II (MHC class II) expression on monocytes and lymphocytes were evaluated by use of flow cytometry. Neutrophil size and granularity were evaluated by use of forward-angle versus side-angle light scatterplots. Leukocytes were labeled with monoclonal antibodies to quantify surface expression of leukocyte antigens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Dogs with septic and nonseptic inflammatory diseases and MODS had an increase in percentage of neutrophils with increased size; dogs with septic inflammation and MODS had a greater percentage of neutrophils with decreased granularity. Dogs with septic and nonseptic inflammation and MODS had a low expression of CD18 and mature neutrophil antigen. Dogs with septic and nonseptic inflammation had an increase in CD11b expression. Monocytes from dogs with septic and nonseptic inflammation and MODS had a low expression of CD18. Monocytes and lymphocytes from dogs with septic and nonseptic inflammation and MODS had a low expression of MHC class II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neutrophils from dogs with septic and nonseptic inflammation circulate in an activated state, and some dogs have decreased MHC class II expression. Many dogs with MODS have a compensatory anti-inflammatory response that may compromise their responses to antimicrobials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary PathoBiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
authors.forename: Douglas J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Molly
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Welle
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mortiz
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Walcheck
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000276:immunology; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D004285:Dogs; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex / Q000235:genetics; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D018805:Sepsis / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D039481:CD11b Antigen; D018821:CD18 Antigens