title: Reliability of the Bishop score before labour induction at term.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the agreement within three pairs of observers regarding the Bishop score and an informal global evaluation of the cervix (favourable/unfavourable).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a reliability study of the Bishop score. Three pairs of examiners (A-B, A-C and D-E) performed independently a cervical examination in 156 term pregnant women admitted for labour induction. We calculated the proportion of agreement and the Kappa coefficient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perfect agreement between two observers for the Bishop score was found in 44 women (28%). Accepting a difference of one point between the observers, agreement increased to 66%. Weighted Kappa coefficients for the Bishop score were 69, 54 and 35% for each pair of observers. Kappa coefficients for the informal evaluation of the cervix were 64, 45 and 46, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Agreement between two observers evaluating the cervix is fair to substantial. An informal evaluation of the cervix is as reliable as the Bishop score.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Hospital Geneva, Geneva 14 1211, Switzerland. daniel-faltin@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: Ellen F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Faltin-Traub
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boulvain
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Faltin
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Extermann
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Irion
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020070:Cervical Ripening / Q000502:physiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005323:Fetal Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D008423:Maternal Age; D015588:Observer Variation; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000379:methods*; D010808:Physical Examination / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D011273:Pregnancy, Prolonged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013557:Switzerland