title: Budding of crystalline domains in fluid membranes.
abstract: Crystalline domains embedded in fluid membrane vesicles are studied by Monte Carlo simulations of dynamically triangulated surfaces and by scaling arguments. A budding transition from a caplike state to a budded shape is observed for increasing spontaneous curvature C0 of the crystalline domain as well as increasing line tension lambda. The location of the budding transition is determined as a function of C0, lambda, and the radius R(A) of the crystalline domain. In contrast to previous theoretical predictions, it is found that budding occurs at a value of the spontaneous curvature C0, that is always a decreasing function of the domain size R(A). Several characteristic scaling regimes are predicted. The distribution of five- and sevenfold disclinations as the budding transition is approached is determined, and the dynamics of the generation of defects is studied.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Festkörperforschung, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohyama
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kroll
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gompper
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055592:Biophysical Phenomena; D001703:Biophysics; D002645:Chickens; D002966:Clathrin / Q000737:chemistry*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D013696:Temperature; D013816:Thermodynamics; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002966:Clathrin