title: Characterization of CO3Ap-collagen sponges using X-ray high-resolution microtomography.
abstract: For reconstruction and regeneration of hard tissues, scaffold biomaterials with large size pores and high porosity are important, in addition to their roles as supporting frames. To develop a new biodegradable scaffold biomaterial, CO3Ap, which has crystallinity and a chemical composition similar to bone, was synthesized at pH 7.4 and 60 degrees C. Then, the CO3Ap was mixed with a neutralized collagen gel and the CO3Ap-collagen mixtures with different kinds of CO3Ap contents and porosity were lyophilized into sponges. Scanning electron micrography (SEM) observation of CO3Ap-collagen sponges showed favorable pores for cell invasion. Approximately 50-300 microm size pores appeared to continue through the bulk. Higher magnification of the sponge showed a better adhesion between CO3Ap crystals and collagen. X-ray high-resolution microtomography revealed a clear image of the 3D structure of the sponges. The porosity of 0, 70 and 90%(w/w) CO3Ap-collagen sponges was 79.2 +/- 2.8%, 72.6 +/- 2.4% and 48.9 +/- 6.1%, respectively. The 70%(w/w) CO3Ap-collagen sponge appeared to be the most favorable biomaterial from the viewpoint of natural bone properties. Mouse osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in alphaMEM with 10% FCS for 2 weeks. Hematoxylin-eosin staining confirmed osteoblast cells invaded well into the CO3Ap-collagen sponge. These sponges are expected to be used as hard tissue scaffold biomaterials for therapeutic uses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Dental Materials, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimazu
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shintani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okazaki
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry*; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D014056:Tomography, X-Ray / Q000379:methods*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003094:Collagen