title: Systemic anti-inflammatory fibrosis suppression in threatened trabeculectomy failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a rationale for the use of systemic anti-inflammatory fibrosis suppression in the postoperative management of threatened early trabeculectomy bleb failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of the literature and of the authors' own experiences was conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most important cause of persistent elevation of intraocular pressure after trabeculectomy is unduly marked or persistent inflammation with deposition of fibrous tissue, which prevents the formation of an adequately draining bleb. It was found that a clinically useful degree of suppression of bleb inflammation and fibrosis can be obtained with a 4-6 week course of the combined systemic administration of prednisone (10 mg t.i.d.), a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (e.g. diclofenac 100 mg SR daily) and colchicine (0.25 mg or 0.3 mg t.i.d.), which was termed anti-inflammatory fibrosis suppression. Topical atropine 1% t.i.d. and adrenaline 1% t.i.d. eye drops can also be considered in addition to routine postoperative topical steroids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite advances in surgical techniques and methods to control fibrosis, anti-inflammatory fibrosis suppression is a valuable tool to have available in the post-operative period for management of trabeculectomies that threaten failure. This regime produces a diffuse bleb, which has a very low risk of late infection or bleb perforation. It is recommend that this regime be added to the list of therapies that are considered when clinical features suggestive of a failing bleb are confronted early in the post-operative course.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand. eye.vote@blueyonder.co.uk
authors.forename: Brendan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vote
authors.forename: J Robert
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Tui H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Bevin
authors.forename: Anthony C B
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Molteno
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001285:Atropine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001768:Blister / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003078:Colchicine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000473:pathology; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D004008:Diclofenac; D001285:Atropine; D003078:Colchicine; D011241:Prednisone; D004837:Epinephrine