Reprogrammed genetic decoding in cellular gene expression.
Reprogrammed genetic decoding signals in mRNAs productively overwrite the normal decoding rules of translation. These "recoding" signals are associated with sites of programmed ribosomal frameshifting, hopping, termination codon suppression, and the incorporation of the unusual amino acids selenocysteine and pyrrolysine. This review summarizes current knowledge of the structure and function of recoding signals in cellular genes, the biological importance of recoding in gene regulation, and ways to identify new recoded genes.
Namy
Olivier
O
Division of Virology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QP, United Kingdom. on205@mole.bio.cam.ac.uk
Rousset
Jean-Pierre
JP
Napthine
Sawsan
S
Brierley
Ian
I
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003062:Codon; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics; D017279:Selenocysteine / Q000737:chemistry
D003062:Codon; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017279:Selenocysteine; C456839:pyrrolysine; D008239:Lysine