Antihyperglycemic effect of andrographolide in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.
The antihyperglycemic action of andrographolide, an active principle in the leaves of Andrographis paniculata (Burm. f.) Nees, was investigated in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats (STZ-diabetic rats). Oral treatment of andrographolide decreased the plasma glucose concentrations of STZ-diabetic rats in a dose-dependent manner. Similar treatment with andrographolide also decreased the plasma glucose in normal rats and the maximal effect was more marked than that in STZ-diabetic rats. Andrographolide at the effective dose (1.5 mg/kg) significantly attenuated the increase of plasma glucose induced by an intravenous glucose challenge test in normal rats. In the isolated soleus muscle of STZ-diabetic rats, andrographolide enhanced the uptake of radioactive glucose in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, the mRNA and protein levels of the subtype 4 form of the glucose transporter (GLUT4) in soleus muscle were increased after repeated intravenous administration of andrographolide in STZ-diabetic rats for 3 days. These results suggest that andrographolide can increase the glucose utilization to lower plasma glucose in diabetic rats lacking insulin.
Yu
Bu-Chin
BC
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan City, Taiwan.
Hung
Chen-Road
CR
Chen
Wang-Chuan
WC
Cheng
Juei-Tang
JT
D000284:Administration, Oral; D035685:Andrographis; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D018515:Plant Leaves; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013311:Streptozocin
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004224:Diterpenes; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C495694:Slc2a4 protein, rat; C030419:andrographolide; D013311:Streptozocin; D005947:Glucose