title: Cytosolic levels of an estrogen-induced breast cancer-associated peptide (TFF1/pS2) in colorectal cancer: clinical significance and relationship with steroid receptors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Trefoil Factor 1 (TFF1/pS2), a peptide consisting of 60 amino acids, is the most abundant estrogen-induced messenger RNA in MCF-7 breast cancer cells and is also expressed by colorectal carcinomas. The objective of this work was to evaluate the cytosolic TFF1 content in colorectal carcinomas, its possible relationship with estrogen and progesterone receptors as well as with clinicopathological tumor parameters, and its potential prognostic significance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cytosolic TFF1 levels were examined by immunoradiometric assay in 178 patients with resectable colorectal cancer. The mean follow-up period was 32 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a wide variability of cytosolic TFF1 levels in tumor-surrounding mucosa samples (0.09-42.5 ng/mg protein) as well as in tumors (0.01-270 ng/mg protein). Comparison of paired mucosa and carcinoma samples showed significantly higher TFF1 levels in tumors (mean: 17.1 ng/mg protein) than in mucosa samples (10 ng/mg protein) (p = 0.027). TFF1 levels were significantly higher in mucosa samples surrounding distal colon and rectal tumors (p = 0.0001) and in tumor samples obtained from older patients (p = 0.007). However, there were no significant differences in tumor TFF1 levels with respect to clinicopathological parameters such as the patient's sex, tumor location, stage, histological grade, ploidy, S-phase, or tumor estrogen and progesterone receptors. In addition, there was no significant relationship between tumor TFF1 levels and disease outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TFF1 may play an as yet undetermined role in the tumorigenesis of colorectal carcinomas. However, cytosolic levels of TFF1 do not seem to have any prognostic significance in colorectal carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía General, Hospital de Jove, , Asturias, Gijón, Spain. fjvizoso@wanadoo.es
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Vizoso
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fagilde
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Corte
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Corte
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gava
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bongera
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Allende
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: García-Muñiz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000378:metabolism*; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D000071163:Trefoil Factor-1; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; C051838:TFF1 protein, human; D000071163:Trefoil Factor-1; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins