title: Contribution to the study of the pathogenesis of type II superior labrum anterior-posterior lesions: a cadaveric model of a fall on the outstretched hand.
abstract: With a cadaveric model, we studied the effects on the superior labrum-biceps tendon complex of a fall on the outstretched hand to assess one of the supposed mechanisms of creation of superior labrum anterior-posterior (SLAP) lesions. Ten shoulders were used to simulate either a forward or a backward fall with a custom shoulder-testing apparatus capable of simulating muscle forces, attached to a servohydraulic testing machine (INSTRON 8500+). Impaction of the humeral head on the glenoid cavity was applied in 0.1 seconds. The presence or absence of a SLAP lesion was determined. For the 5 shoulders used to simulate a forward fall, 5 type II SLAP lesions were found; for the 5 shoulders used to simulate a backward fall, only 2 type II SLAP lesions were observed. The role of shearing forces seems to be a major factor in the pathogenesis of these lesions, in association with predisposing anatomic factors.
authors.affiliation: Biomechanical Laboratory of the GEBOAS, Institute of Normal Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Hautepierre University Hospital, Strasbourg, France. pclavert@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clavert
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonnomet
authors.forename: Jean F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Kempf
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boutemy
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Jean L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kahn
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001134:Arm Injuries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology