title: High fasting glucose levels as a predictor of worse clinical outcome in patients with coronary artery disease: results from the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A high fasting glucose level may be a marker not only for microvascular complications, but also for macrovascular complications. We evaluated the clinical significance of a high fasting glucose level (> or =110 mg/dL), detected either at baseline or during follow-up, in the Bezafibrate Infarction Prevention (BIP) study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The BIP study was a secondary prevention prospective double-blind study comparing bezafibrate to placebo. A total of 3122 patients with documented coronary artery heart disease who were aged 45 to 74 years and had a total cholesterol level between 180 and 250 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level < or =180 mg/dL, a high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level < or =45 mg/dL, a triglyceride level < or =300 mg/dL, and a fasting glucose < or =160 mg/dL were randomized to receive 400 mg of bezafibrate daily or placebo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary end point of the BIP study was fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal myocardial infarction, or sudden death. Secondary end points included hospitalization for unstable angina, percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty, and coronary artery bypass grafting. At baseline, 330 patients (11%) had diabetes mellitus, and 293 patients (9%) had an impaired fasting blood glucose level (IFG). During 6.2 years of follow-up, diabetes mellitus developed in 186 patients (6%), IFG developed in 366 patients (12%), and 62% of patients remained with normal fasting glucose levels (NFG). Patients with diabetes mellitus and IFG both at baseline or developing during follow-up had a significantly higher rate of secondary end points than paients with NFG (P <.0001). Bezafibrate treatment reduced secondary end points only in patients with NFG (P =.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diabetes mellitus and IFG were common in the BIP study and were predictive of a worse clinical outcome that was not attenuated with bezafibrate treatment.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Kaplan Medical Center, Rehovot, Israel. arcavi_L@clalit.org.il
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Arcavi
authors.forename: Solomon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Behar
authors.forename: Avraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caspi
authors.forename: Naama
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Reshef
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boyko
authors.forename: Hilla
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Knobler
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001629:Bezafibrate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D001629:Bezafibrate