title: Transcript signatures in experimental asthma: identification of STAT6-dependent and -independent pathways.
abstract: The analysis of polygenic diseases such as asthma poses a challenging problem. In an effort to provide unbiased insight into disease pathogenesis, we took an empirical approach involving transcript expression profiling of lung tissue from mice with experimental asthma. Asthmatic responses were found to involve sequential induction of 4.7% of the tested genome; notably, there was ectopic expression of a series of genes not previously implicated in allergic or pulmonary responses. Genes were widely distributed throughout all chromosomes, but preferentially included genes involved in immunity, development, and homeostasis. When asthma was induced by two independent experimental regimens, unique gene transcript profiles were found depending upon the mode of disease induction. However, the majority of genes were common to both models representing an asthma signature genome. Analysis of STAT6-deficient mice revealed that an unexpectedly large segment of the asthma genes were STAT6 independent; this correlated with sustained inflammatory events in these mice. Notably, induction of asthma in STAT6-deficient mice resulted in gene induction not seen in wild-type mice. These results raise concern that therapeutic blockade of STAT6 in the asthmatic setting may reprogram the genetic signature, resulting in alternative lung pathology, which we indeed observed in STAT6-deficient mice. These results provide unprecedented insight into the complex steps involved in the pathogenesis of allergic airway responses; as such, these results have significant therapeutic and clinical implications.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Nives
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zimmermann
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Nina E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Patricia C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Fulkerson
authors.forename: Matthew P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Doepker
authors.forename: Nikolaos M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Nikolaidis
authors.forename: Laura E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Kindinger
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Moulton
authors.forename: Bruce J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Aronow
authors.forename: Marc E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Rothenberg
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000485:Allergens / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000276:immunology; D001249:Asthma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D000946:Antigens, Fungal; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; C494100:Stat6 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D010047:Ovalbumin