title: We should reject passive resignation in favor of requiring the assent of younger children for participation in nonbeneficial research.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania and The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: William W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Reynolds
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000533:Altruism; D002648:Child; D003657:Decision Making; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology*; D033281:Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation; D033282:Parental Consent; D045808:Refusal to Participate / Q000941:ethics