title: Albumin adducts of naphthalene metabolites as biomarkers of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
abstract: We investigated the utility of adducts formed by the reaction of the naphthalene metabolites naphthalene-1,2-oxide, 1,2-naphthoquinone (1,2-NPQ), and 1,4-naphthoquinone (1,4-NPQ) with serum albumin (Alb) as biomarkers of exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Cysteinyl serum Alb adducts of 1,2- and 1,4-NPQ (1,2-NPQ-Alb and 1,4-NPQ-Alb, respectively) but not of naphthalene-1,2-oxide were detected in 28 coke oven workers and 22 controls from the steel industry of northern China. The median level of 1,2-NPQ-Alb in coke oven workers (76.6 pmol/g) was significantly higher than that observed in controls (44.9 pmol/g; P = 0.0027). However, the median level of 1,4-NPQ-Alb in exposed subjects was not significantly different from that of controls (48.6 versus 44.2 pmol/g; P = 0.296). Levels of 1,2-NPQ-Alb were significantly correlated with exposure category (controls, side and bottom workers, and top-of-oven workers) as well as with previously measured levels of urinary naphthalene, 1- and 2-naphthol, and 1-pyrenol in these subjects. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that 35% of the variation in 1,2-NPQ-Alb could be explained by the work category and age. A negative relationship between 1,2-NPQ-Alb and age was observed, suggesting that cytochrome P450 c metabolism diminished with age at approximately 3%/year of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Suramya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waidyanatha
authors.forename: Yuxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Berrin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Serdar
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Rappaport
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000418:Albumins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000378:metabolism*; D013232:Steel
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D015415:Biomarkers; D009281:Naphthalenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D013232:Steel; C031721:naphthalene