title: Photodynamic Therapy of oral dysplasia with topical 5-aminolevulinic acid and light-emitting diode array.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In Taiwan, more than two million people have the betel quid (BQ) chewing habit which is a risk factor related to premalignant lesion and squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity. We developed a light-emitting diode (LED) array combined with topical 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and evaluated its effectiveness for the treatment of oral lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the ALA-PDT effect of the homemade LED array to that of a commercial light source on cultured Ca9-22 human gingival carcinoma cells and the DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinoma model. Furthermore, we treated several patients having an oral lesion using a topical ALA delivery system and the LED array.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LED array light source was as effective as the commercial light source for ALA-PDT in cultured Ca9-22 cells with LD(50) of 4.5 and 4.3 J/cm(2), respectively, using an MTT assay. This light source was also effective in the DMBA-induced hamster buccal pouch carcinoma model, and in the patients of oral leukoplakia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ALA-PDT is effective for premalignant lesions such as mucosal dysplasia and carcinoma in situ of oral cavity. Good results could be obtained by using the homemade LED array as light source. The LED array has the advantages of low cost, high reliability, and portability. It is safe, convenient and easy to use for the treatment of oral dysplasia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 1 Jen-Ai Road, Section 1st, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jui-Chang
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Chun-Pin
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: Hsin-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sheng Bang
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chun Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yih-Chih
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Chin-Tin
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tsuimin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsai
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D006224:Cricetinae; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid