title: Peripheral CD4 T cells rapidly accumulate at the host: parasite interface during an inflammatory Th2 memory response.
abstract: Memory peripheral Th2 immune responses to infectious pathogens are not well studied due to the lack of suitable models and the difficulty of assessing Th2 cytokine expression at sites of inflammation. We have examined the localized immune response to a nematode parasite that encysts in the small intestine. An unexpected architecture was observed on day 4 of the memory response, with granulocytes and macrophages infiltrating the cyst and CD4(+), TCR-alphabeta(+) T cells surrounding the cyst. Laser capture microdissection analysis showed a pronounced CD4-dependent Th2 cytokine pattern at the cyst region only during the memory response, demonstrating that the Th2 memory response is readily distinguished from the primary response by the rapid accumulation of Th2 effector cells at the host:parasite interface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
authors.forename: Motoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Whitmire
authors.forename: Shiyun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mirakami
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Star
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Gause
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D008643:Mesentery / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009351:Nematospiroides dubius / Q000276:immunology*; D017206:Strongylida Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D018793:Interleukin-13; D015847:Interleukin-4