title: Endoscopic management of gastrocutaneous fistula after bariatric surgery by using a fibrin sealant.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastrocutaneous fistula is an uncommon and difficult to treat complication that occurs in 0.5% to 3.9% of patients who undergo gastric surgery. Sepsis usually follows, and, when it is not managed effectively, the associated mortality rate can be as high as 85%. A fibrin sealant was used to endoscopically manage gastrocutaneous fistulas that developed in 3 morbidly obese patients after bariatric surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two of 14 (14.29%) patients who underwent vertical gastroplasty (MacLean procedure) developed a non-healing gastrocutaneous fistula. In addition, one of 24 (4.17%) patients who had a biliopancreatic diversion with preservation of pylorus developed a gastrocutaneous fistula. Endoscopic application of a fibrin sealant was performed under direct vision via a double-lumen catheter passed through a forward-viewing endoscope.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment was successful in all patients after one or more endoscopic sessions in which the fibrin sealant was applied; no evidence of fistula was found at follow-up endoscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic closure of gastrocutaneous fistula with human fibrin tissue sealant is simple, safe, and effective, and, in some cases, can be life-saving. Endoscopic application of fibrin sealant should be considered a therapeutic option for treatment of gastrocutaneous fistula that develops after bariatric surgery.
authors.affiliation: Aristotelian University of Thessaloniki, Department of Surgery III, AHEPA Hospital, Thessaloniki, Macedonia, Greece.
authors.forename: Spiros T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Papavramidis
authors.forename: Efthymios E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Eleftheriadis
authors.forename: Theodossis S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Papavramidis
authors.forename: Katerina E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Kotzampassi
authors.forename: Orestis G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Gamvros
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017577:Cutaneous Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005747:Gastric Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D015391:Gastroplasty; D006801:Humans; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications
chemical_list: D015718:Fibrin Tissue Adhesive