Modification of de novo DNA methyltransferase 3a (Dnmt3a) by SUMO-1 modulates its interaction with histone deacetylases (HDACs) and its capacity to repress transcription.
The de novo DNA methyltransferase Dnmt3a is one of three mammalian DNA methyltransferases that has been shown to play crucial roles in embryonic development, genomic imprinting and transcriptional silencing. Despite its importance, very little is known about how the enzymatic activity and transcriptional repression functions of Dnmt3a are regulated. Here we show that Dnmt3a interacts with multiple components of the sumoylation machinery, namely the E2 sumo conjugating enzyme Ubc9 and the E3 sumo ligases PIAS1 and PIASxalpha, all of which are involved in conjugating the small ubiquitin-like modifier polypeptide, SUMO-1, to its target proteins. Dnmt3a is modified by SUMO-1 in vivo and in vitro and the region of Dnmt3a responsible for interaction maps to the N-terminal regulatory domain. Functionally, sumoylation of Dnmt3a disrupts its ability to interact with histone deacetylases (HDAC1/2), but not with another interaction partner, Dnmt3b. Conditions that enhance the sumoylation of Dnmt3a in vivo abolish its capacity to repress transcription. These studies reveal a new level of regulation governing Dnmt3a whereby a post-translational modification can dramatically regulate its interaction with specific protein partners and alter its ability to repress transcription.
Ling
Yan
Y
Epigenetic Gene Regulation and Cancer Section, LRBGE/NCI/NIH, Building 41, 41 Library Dr., Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
Sankpal
Umesh T
UT
Robertson
Andrea K
AK
McNally
James G
JG
Karpova
Tatiana
T
Robertson
Keith D
KD
D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090205:DNA Methyltransferase 3A; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D051379:Mice; D011485:Protein Binding; D050828:Protein Inhibitors of Activated STAT; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism; D000098843:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme UBC9
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C000717967:DNMT3A protein, human; C000715535:Dnmt3a protein, mouse; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; C494211:Pias1 protein, mouse; D050828:Protein Inhibitors of Activated STAT; D011506:Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; C107961:ZBTB17 protein, human; D004248:DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases; D000090205:DNA Methyltransferase 3A; D044763:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzymes; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D000098843:Ubiquitin-Conjugating Enzyme UBC9