title: [Determination of total and segmental colonic transit time in constipated children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the total and segmental colonic transit time of normal Chinese children and to explore its value in constipation in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects involved in this study were divided into 2 groups. One group was control, which had 33 healthy children (21 males and 12 females) aged 2 - 13 years (mean 5 years). The other was constipation group, which had 25 patients (15 males and 10 females) aged 3 - 14 years (mean 7 years) with constipation according to Benninga's criteria. Written informed consent was obtained from the parents of each subject. In this study the simplified method of radio opaque markers was used to determine the total gastrointestinal transit time and segmental colonic transit time of the normal and constipated children, and in part of these patients X-ray defecography was also used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total gastrointestinal transit time (TGITT), right colonic transit time (RCTT), left colonic transit time (LCTT) and rectosigmoid colonic transit time (RSTT) of the normal children were 28.7 +/- 7.7 h, 7.5 +/- 3.2 h, 6.5 +/- 3.8 h and 13.4 +/- 5.6 h, respectively. In the constipated children, the TGITT, LCTT and RSTT were significantly longer than those in controls (92.2 +/- 55.5 h vs 28.7 +/- 7.7 h, P < 0.001; 16.9 +/- 12.6 h vs 6.5 +/- 3.8 h, P < 0.01; 61.5 +/- 29.0 h vs 13.4 +/- 5.6 h, P < 0.001), while the RCTT had no significant difference. X-ray defecography demonstrated one rectocele, one perineal descent syndrome and one puborectal muscle syndrome, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The TGITT, RCTT, LCTT and RSTT of the normal children were 28.7 +/- 7.7 h, 7.5 +/- 3.2 h, 6.5 +/- 3.8 h and 13.4 +/- 5.6 h, respectively. With the segmental colonic transit time, constipation can be divided into four types: slow-transit constipation, outlet obstruction, mixed type and normal transit constipation. X-ray defecography can demonstrate the anatomical or dynamic abnormalities within the anorectal area, with which constipation can be further divided into different subtypes, and combined use of the gastrointestinal transit time and X-ray defecography is of clinical importance in exploration of etiology of constipation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, 2nd Clinical College, China Medical University, Shenyang 110003, China.
authors.forename: Shu-cheng
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei-lin
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-zuo
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Zheng-wei
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003248:Constipation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019841:Defecography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013997:Time Factors