title: Contact urticaria, allergic contact dermatitis, and photoallergic contact dermatitis from oxybenzone.
abstract: There is little literature regarding conventional patch tests and photopatch tests to oxybenzone resulting in both immediate- and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions. A patient was patch-tested and photopatch-tested to various sunscreen chemicals. Both immediate- and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions were observed with oxybenzone. The positive patch tests were also photoaccentuated. Oxybenzone, a common sunscreen allergen, can result in both contact urticaria and delayed-type hypersensitivity on both conventional patch testing and photopatch testing. Allergic contact dermatitis to sunscreen chemicals has traditionally included contact urticaria, allergic contact dermatitis, and photoallergic contact dermatitis. Due to the recognition of p-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) and its esters as sensitizers, the presence of benzophenones in "PABA-free" sunscreens has become more prevalent, especially in sunscreens with a sun protection factor (SPF) greater than 8. In our patient, immediate- and delayed-type hypersensitivity reactions were seen to oxybenzone (2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-benzoyl-5-methoxyphenol, benzophenone-3, Eusolex 4360, Escalol 567, EUSORB 228, Spectra-Sorb UV-9, Uvinul M-40) upon conventional patch testing and photopatch testing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Maeran
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Landers
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Frances J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Storrs
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001577:Benzophenones / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017449:Dermatitis, Allergic Contact / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D017454:Dermatitis, Photoallergic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010328:Patch Tests; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014581:Urticaria / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D001577:Benzophenones; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; C005290:oxybenzone