title: In vitro nimesulide absorption from different formulations.
abstract: In light of improving the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs, this work focused on the comparison among different nimesulide formulations resorting to in vitro absorption experiments through everted rat intestine. The performance of a nimesulide ethanol-triacetin solution, an activated system made up by cogrinding nimesulide/polyvinylpyrrolidone and simple solid nimesulide were compared with that of a reference nimesulide solution. Although ethanol-triacetin solution showed a better performance than the solid nimesulide because wettability problems connected with nimesulide were completely zeroed, the activated system showed a better performance than the reference solution one. This was due to the fact that the activated system allowed to overcome both the wettability and solubility problems connected with nimesulide. Moreover, as proved by intestinal pictures taken before and after permeation experiments, we observed the adhesion of polymeric particles to intestinal villi, this giving origin to a thin layer, surrounding the intestine, characterized by a nimesulide concentration higher than that in the release environment bulk. A proper mathematical model, based on Fick's second law, was developed to model drug absorption in the case of solution and activated system. In this manner, we could calculate nimesulide permeability through the intestinal wall, and we could better define the nature of the above-mentioned thin layer surrounding the intestine. Finally, the mathematical model was used to verify the theoretical correctness of the widely employed technique consisting in data correction for dilution when sample withdrawal and replacement were needed to measure drug concentration in the receiver environment.
authors.affiliation: Materials Engineering Department DIMCA, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, I-34127 Trieste, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meriani
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Coceani
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sirotti
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Voinovich
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grassi
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions; D013449:Sulfonamides; C012655:nimesulide