title: Effects of ascorbic acid, glutathione, thiocyanate, and iodide on antimicrobial activity of acidified nitrite.
abstract: It has been hypothesized that dietary nitrite augments the antimicrobial activity of gastric acid after conversion to nitric oxide and other reactive nitrogen intermediates, thus resulting in increased resistance against gastrointestinal infection. In this study, we showed that the reducing agents ascorbic acid and glutathione reduced the activity of acidified nitrite against Yersinia enterocolitica (P < 0.001). In contrast, iodide and thiocyanate increased the antimicrobial activity (P < 0.001), whereas hydroxyacids (citrate, lactate, and tartarate) had no measurable effects.
authors.affiliation: Aberdeen University Centre for Organic Agriculture, Aberdeen University, MacRobert, Aberdeen, AB24 3AU, United Kingdom. a.fite@dundee.ac.uk
authors.forename: Alemu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fite
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dykhuizen
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Litterick
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Golden
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leifert
mesh_terms: D000143:Acids; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007454:Iodides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009573:Nitrites / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013644:Tartrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015009:Yersinia Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D015008:Yersinia enterocolitica / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000143:Acids; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D007454:Iodides; D009573:Nitrites; D013644:Tartrates; D013861:Thiocyanates; D019343:Citric Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005978:Glutathione; C031760:thiocyanate; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; C029768:tartaric acid