title: A quick and universal method for stereotactic visualization of the subthalamic nucleus before and after implantation of deep brain stimulation electrodes.
abstract: For deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN), it would be an advantage if the STN could be visualized with fast acquisition of MR images, allowing direct and individual targeting. We present a protocol for T2-weighted, nonvolumetric fast-acquisition MRI, implemented at 8 centers in 6 countries. Acquisition time varied between 3 min 5 s and 7 min 48 s according to the center, and imaging often provided visualization of the STN on axial and coronal scans. Postoperatively, the same imaging protocol permitted visualization of the target area and DBS electrodes with minimum artifacts. This imaging technique may contribute to a decrease in the number of electrode passes at surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Umeå, Sweden. m.hariz@ion.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Marwan I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hariz
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krack
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Melvill
authors.forename: Jan V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Jorgensen
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hamel
authors.forename: Hidehiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lenders
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wesslen
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tengvar
authors.forename: Tarek A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Yousry
mesh_terms: D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000601:surgery*; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted