title: IL-10 inhibits nitric oxide synthesis in murine uterus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent reports point to a role for the nitric oxide/nitric oxide synthase (NO/NOS) system in implantation. It has been suggested that inducible NOS expressed at peri-implantation would lead to enhanced NO production, which could promote the attachment of the blastocyst. Short-term administration of NO donors during the pre-implantation period reduced the pregnancy rate in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, it is thought that optimal levels of NO are critical for embryo implantation, so regulation of NOS must be crucial. Taking this into consideration, interleukin-10 (IL-10), synthesized and secreted by the embryo, could be modulating NOS during implantation. In this study we have investigated the in vitro effect of IL-10 on NOS in the uterus.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine the effect of IL-10, slices of uterus from estrogenized mice were pre-incubated for 60 min with different concentrations of IL-10 and NOS activity was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-10 (50 and 100 ng/ml in vitro) diminished NOS activity. The in vivo administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 8 mg/kg) significantly increased the conversion of arginine into citrulline. This effect was abolished after 60 min of preincubation with IL-10 (100 ng/ml). The stimulatory effect of LPS and estrogen on NOS activity is exerted on the Ca-independent isoform and IL-10 in vitro abolished this increase. We observed that the uterus of pregnant mice on day 5 of gestation synthesized NO. This production was significantly inhibited by preincubation with IL-10 (100 ng/ml).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report demonstrates that IL-10 is capable of inhibiting NO synthesis in estrogenized, LPS-treated and pregnant rat uterus.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ogando
authors.forename: Maximiliano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cella
authors.forename: María Laura
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weissmann
authors.forename: Julieta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aisemberg
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism; D002956:Citrulline / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016753:Interleukin-10; D002956:Citrulline; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase