Column selectivity in reversed-phase liquid chromatography. V. Higher metal content (type-A) alkyl-silica columns.
Retention measurements involving 16 test solutes have been carried out for 38 type-A alkyl-silica columns and three bonded-zirconia columns. These measurements have been analyzed in terms of a model previously developed for type-B columns, so as to yield values of five column selectivity parameters (H, S*, A, B, C) for each type-A column. Overall differences in selectivity between type-A and -B columns can be related to the average values of H, S*, etc. for each column type. Compared to type-B columns, type-A columns provide generally stronger retention for carboxylic acids, while solutes that are more hydrophobic or less bulky are more retained on type-B columns. Hydrogen-bond acceptors (e.g. aliphatic amides) and cations (e.g. protonated bases) are strongly retained on type-A versus type-B columns. Compared to type-B columns, bonded-zirconia columns show much increased retention of cations and reduced retention of hydrogen-bond acceptors. Because of relatively large differences in the selectivity of bonded-zirconia, type-A, and type-B columns, it will prove difficult to find columns of different type (e.g. a type-A and a type-B column) which have equivalent selectivity. Type-A columns also tend to be more different from each other (in terms of selectivity) than is the case for type-B columns. As a result, the replacement of a given type-A column by an "equivalent" type-A column also appears unlikely, except for samples that do not contain ionized compounds.
Gilroy
Jonathan J
JJ
Rheodyne LLC/LC Resources Group, 26 Silverwood Court, Orinda, CA 94563, USA.
Dolan
John W
JW
Carr
P W
PW
Snyder
Lloyd R
LR
D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D005021:Ethylamines / Q000737:chemistry; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007700:Kinetics; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry
D005021:Ethylamines; D008670:Metals; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide; C016162:triethylamine