title: A framework for assessing risks to children from exposure to environmental agents.
abstract: In recent years there has been an increasing focus in environmental risk assessment on children as a potentially susceptible population. There also has been growing recognition of the need for a systematic approach for organizing, evaluating, and incorporating the available data on children's susceptibilities in risk assessments. In this article we present a conceptual framework for assessing risks to children from environmental exposures. The proposed framework builds on the problem formulation-->analysis-->risk characterization paradigm, identifying at each phase the questions and issues of particular importance for characterizing risks to the developing organism (from conception through organ maturation). The framework is presented and discussed from the complementary perspectives of toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics.
authors.affiliation: The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Daston
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Faustman
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ginsberg
authors.forename: Penny
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fenner-Crisp
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Olin
authors.forename: Babasaheb
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sonawane
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bruckner
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Breslin
authors.forename: Tara J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002669:Child Welfare; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000506:poisoning*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants