title: Contemporaneous appearance, 18 years after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation, of myelodysplastic syndrome in the patient and the donor.
abstract: We report the case of the development of two different stages of the same clonal disorder in two patients sharing the same bone marrow due to a previous bone marrow allotransplant. The transplanted patient developed severe aplasia with myeloid blasts, different from those of the previously cured leukemia. Chimerism evaluated by microsatellite analyses confirmed a full donor phenotype. At the same time, the donor of the bone marrow transplantation developed a refractory anemia with excess blasts. We speculate on the presence of an undetectable pre-existing pathological clone in the transplanted bone marrow, which have evolved in the two patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Transplant and Advances in Medicine, Section of Hematology, University of Pisa, St Chiara Hospital, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Orciuolo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azzarà
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bandini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Galimberti
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bonifazi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fazzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petrini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015479:Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute / Q000628:therapy; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D035781:Siblings; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors; D018183:Transplantation Chimera / Q000235:genetics; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous