title: [Transforming growth factor-betas: smad signaling and roles in physiopathology].
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) family members are multifunctional peptide growth factors that regulate cell growth, differentiation, extracellular matrix production and cell migration and embryonic development. Knock-out experiments for the three mammalian isoforms of TGF-beta in mice have demonstrated their importance in regulating inflammation and tissue repair. Also, TGF-beta has been implicated in the pathogenesis of human diseases, including tissue fibrosis and carcinogenesis. In the latter case, it may exert both tumor suppressor and pro-oncogenic activities depending on the stage of the tumor. Smads proteins constitute the core components of the intracellular signaling cascade initiated by TGF-beta receptors, as they carry signals from the cell surface directly to the nucleus; where they act as transcription factors.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U532, institut de recherche sur la peau, université Paris-VII, hôpital Saint-Louis, 1, avenue Claude-Vellefaux, 75010 Paris, France.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Javelaud
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mauviel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051785:Smad Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014945:Wound Healing
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051785:Smad Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta