title: Treatment of nonunions with irretrievable broken nail pieces in the distal fragment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We present our experience in the treatment of nonunited fractures of long bones in the presence of a retained fragment of the broken intramedullary nail.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 287 long bone fractures treated by intramedullary fixation, we recalled 5 patients with broken intramedullary nails. In two patients the distal fragments of broken nails were not extracted and refixation was performed by an Ilizarov ring fixation with the broken piece left in situ.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients ambulated with full weight bearing immediately following surgery. We achieved good results in both patients with fracture union times between 16 and 22 weeks. No complication was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ring fixation using thin wires or half pins inserted beside fragments of the broken nail provides a simple and minimally traumatic method of treatment in patients when encountering difficulties extracting a retained fragment of broken intramedullary nails.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery "A", Rambam Medical Center, POB 9602, Haifa, Israel. alex_lerner@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lerner
authors.forename: Dory
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Herer
authors.forename: Avi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chezar
authors.forename: Shai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Freiman
authors.forename: Haim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001858:Bone Nails / Q000009:adverse effects; D020878:Device Removal; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005599:Fractures, Ununited / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*