title: The proteasome inhibitor, PS-341, causes cytokeratin aggresome formation.
abstract: Mallory body (MB) experimental induction takes 10 weeks of drug ingestion. Therefore, it is difficult to study the dynamics and mechanisms involved in vivo. Consequently, an in vitro study was done using primary tissue culture of hepatocytes from drug-primed mice livers in which MBs had already formed. The hypothesis to be tested was that MBs are cytokeratin aggresomes, which form when hepatocytes have a defective ubiquitin-proteasome pathway by which turnover of cytokeratin proteins is prevented. To test this hypothesis, primary tissue cultures of the hepatocytes from normal and MB-forming livers were incubated with the proteasome inhibitor PS-341 and then the cytokeratin filaments and the filament connecting proteins, that is, beta-actin, and ZO1, were visualized by immunofluorescence microscopy. PS-341 caused detachment of the cytokeratins from the cell surface plasma membrane. The cytokeratin filaments retracted toward the nucleus and cytokeratin aggresomes formed. In human livers, MBs showed colocalization of cytokeratin-8 (CK-8) with ubiquitin but not with beta-actin or ZO1. Mouse hepatoma cell lines were studied using PS-341 to induce cytokeratin aggresome formation. In these cell lines, the cytokeratin filaments first retracted toward the nucleus then formed cytokeratin-ubiquitin aggresomes polarized at one side of the nucleus. At the same time, the cells became dissociated from each other, however. The results simulated MB formation. MBs differ from cytokeratin aggresomes both morphologically and in ultrastructure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA 90509, USA.
authors.forename: Fawzia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bardag-Gorce
authors.forename: Nora E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nan
authors.forename: Rosalyn O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: Yan H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lue
authors.forename: Samuel W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: French
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001897:Boronic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000069286:Bortezomib; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002719:Chlormethiazole / Q000633:toxicity; D003997:Dicarbethoxydihydrocollidine / Q000633:toxicity; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011719:Pyrazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D001897:Boronic Acids; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D011719:Pyrazines; C569042:TJP1 protein, human; C569043:Tjp1 protein, mouse; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein; D002719:Chlormethiazole; D003997:Dicarbethoxydihydrocollidine; D007633:Keratins; D000069286:Bortezomib