title: Functional Shine-Dalgarno-like sequences for translational initiation of chloroplast mRNAs.
abstract: Many of the chloroplast mRNAs possess Shine-Dalgarno (SD)-like sequences (typically GGAGG) in the 5'-untranslated regions, but the position is highly variable. Using a homologous in vitro translation system, we assessed the role for translation of SD-like sequences in four tobacco chloroplast mRNAs. The rbcL mRNA has a typical SD-like sequence at a position similar to the conserved position (-12 to -4 with respect to the start codon) observed in E. coli, and this sequence was found to be essential for translation. This was also the case for the atpE mRNA. However, SD-like sequences in the rps12 mRNA and in the petB mRNA is located far from (-44 to -42) and too close to (-5 to -2) the initiation codon, respectively, and these sequences were not essential for translation. These results indicate that functional SD-like sequences are located around 10 nucleotides upstream from the translational start codon. Competition assays confirmed that a functional SD-like sequence interacts with the 3' terminus of chloroplast 16S rRNA.
authors.affiliation: Center for Gene Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, 464-8602 Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugiura
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics*; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018387:Codon, Initiator / Q000235:genetics; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018387:Codon, Initiator; D039642:Eukaryotic Initiation Factors; C104657:PetB protein, plant; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; C103919:Rps12 protein, plant; C101625:RbcL protein, plastid; D012273:Ribulose-Bisphosphate Carboxylase