title: Antiinflammatory activity of soluble guanylate cyclase: cGMP-dependent down-regulation of P-selectin expression and leukocyte recruitment.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) production by the vascular endothelium maintains an essential antiinflammatory, cytoprotective influence on the blood vessel wall. A key component of this activity is attributed to prevention of leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, yet the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The NO receptor, soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC), is expressed in endothelial cells but fulfils an unknown function. Therefore, we used intravital microscopy in mesenteric postcapillary venules from WT and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) knockout (eNOS(-/-)) mice, and an sGC activator (BAY 41-2272), to investigate a potential role for sGC in the regulation of adhesion molecule expression and leukocyte recruitment. Leukocyte rolling and adhesion was 6-fold greater in eNOS(-/-) than WT animals. BAY 41-2272 and the NO-donor, diethylamine-NONOate, reduced leukocyte rolling and adhesion in eNOS(-/-) mice to levels observed in WT animals. These effects were blocked by the sGC inhibitor ODQ [1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one], which itself caused a 6-fold increase in leukocyte rolling and adhesion in WT mice. Increased leukocyte rolling and adhesion in IL-1beta-treated mice was also inhibited by BAY 41-2272. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis in vitro and a specific P-selectin neutralizing antibody in vivo revealed that selective down-regulation of P-selectin expression accounted for the antiadhesive effects of sGC activation. These data demonstrate that sGC plays a key antiinflammatory role by inhibiting P-selectin expression and leukocyte recruitment.
authors.affiliation: William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London, Charterhouse Square, London EC1M 6BQ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Amrita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ahluwalia
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Ramona S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Scotland
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mathur
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Perretti
authors.forename: Salvador
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moncada
authors.forename: Adrian J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hobbs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D002450:Cell Communication; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000502:physiology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000502:physiology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000502:physiology; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C423582:3-(4-Amino-5-cyclopropylpyrimidine-2-yl)-1-(2-fluorobenzyl)-1H-pyrazolo(3,4-b)pyridine; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007375:Interleukin-1; D019007:P-Selectin; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011725:Pyridines; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D006152:Cyclic GMP