[Prescription of NSAIDs in patients treatment with platelet inhibitors or anticoagulants].
Conventional NSAIDs and aspirin have platelet-inhibiting properties via platelet cyclo-oxygenase-1 (Cox-1) isoenzyme inhibition. Among the NSAIDs which induce reversible inhibition of Cox-1, naproxen seems to have a potent platelet-inhibiting action associated with a decrease in cardiovascular clinical events in secondary prevention. Flurbiprofen is indicated in the secondary prevention after myocardial infarction. Conversely, no conventional NSAID is indicated and none have demonstrated efficacy in primary prevention. GI BLEEDING: The platelet-inhibiting action of conventional NSAIDs and aspirin is a key factor in explaining the increased risk of bleeding reported with these medicinal products. Digestive system bleeding is the main risk. Few data are available regarding bleeding other than gastro-intestinal. COX-2 SPECIFIC INHIBITION PROPERTIES: Conversely, Cox-2 specific inhibitors have no platelet-inhibiting properties: the pharmacological profile of Cox-2 SI is therefore different from that of conventional NSAIDs. These medicinal products are anti-inflammatory, analgesic, platelet-inhibiting agents which are not harmful to the GI mucosa and which probably induce less bronchospasms. In patients with cardiovascular risks, Cox-2 SI can and should be used in combination with platelet-inhibiting agents, in particular aspirin, because they do not alter the aspirin effect on platelets, contrary to what is observed with conventional NSAIDs. PRESCRIPTION WITH ANTI-COAGULANTS: The concomitant prescription of conventional NSAIDs with anti-coagulants is not recommended because, in addition to the possible potentiation of oral anti-coagulants, NSAIDs increase the risk of serious bleeding adverse events due to their irritative effect on the GI mucosa and their platelet-inhibiting effect. This risk might be lower with Cox-2 specific inhibitors.
Avouac
Bernard
B
Service de rhumatologie, Hôpital Henri Mondor, Cretei.
Combe
Bernard
B
Darné
Bernadette
B
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012307:Risk Factors
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000925:Anticoagulants; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors