title: Needle-free skin patch vaccination method for anthrax.
abstract: Three immunizations of mice with recombinant protective antigen (rPA) by transcutaneous immunization (TCI) induced long-term neutralizing antibody titers that were superior to those obtained with aluminum-adsorbed rPA. In addition, rPA alone exhibited adjuvant activity for TCI. Forty-six weeks after completion of TCI, 100% protection was observed against lethal anthrax challenge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Membrane Biochemistry, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, USA. gary.matyas@na.amed.army.mil
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Matyas
authors.forename: Arthur M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Friedlander
authors.forename: Gregory M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Glenn
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: Jianmei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Carl R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Alving
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D022122:Anthrax Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D022122:Anthrax Vaccines; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; C030325:anthrax toxin; C027538:heat-labile enterotoxin, E coli