title: CXCR4 antagonist inhibits stromal cell-derived factor 1-induced migration and invasion of human pancreatic cancer.
abstract: The stromal cell-derived factor-1 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 system is implicated in various instances of cell migration in mammals, including the migration of lymphocytes and the formation of metastases. We have recently synthesized a potent novel CXCR4 antagonist, TN14003. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of SDF-1/CXCR4 axis in the pancreatic cancer metastasis via cell migration and invasion, and the inhibitory effect of TN14003 on pancreatic cancer cell metastasis. The expression of CXCR4 was detected in six pancreatic cancer cell lines by Western blotting and immunocytochemistry. In migration and invasion assays, SDF-1 stimulated both migration and invasion of cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. The maximal effect of SDF-1 was observed at 100 ng/ml. SDF-1-induced migration and invasion of cancer cells were completely blocked by 100 nM TN14003. The stimulatory effect of SDF-1 on cancer migration and the inhibitory effect of TN14003 were mediated via the alteration in phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Treatment of cancer cells with 100 ng/ml SDF-1 resulted in a significant increase of actin polymerization, which was reduced by 100 nM TN14003. SDF-1 enhanced cancer cell adhesion to laminin, which was not reversed by TN14003. Taken together, SDF-1/CXCR4 axis is involved in pancreatic cancer metastasis through migration and invasion. The small molecule antagonists against CXCR4 such as TN14003 might be an effective anti-metastatic agent for pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Surgical Basic Science, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Ryuichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koizumi
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kami
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masui
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamamura
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imamura
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010455:Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D010455:Peptides; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; C488289:TN14003; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases