title: Bone mineral status in immigrant Indo-Asian women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Indo-Asian immigrants are known to be at high risk of metabolic bone disease, but the prevalence of osteoporosis in this population is unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the bone mineral at the lumbar spine and femoral neck of Indo-Asian immigrant women with that of age-matched Caucasian women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women of Indo-Asian origin referred for bone density scans in the last five years were identified. The skeletal status of each was compared with an age-matched Caucasian control for bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral apparent density (BMAD) at the lumbar spine and femoral neck, and hip axis length was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the lumbar spine, Indo-Asians had a significantly lower BMD than Caucasians (0.834 vs. 0.913, p = 0.008), but there was no significant difference when BMAD values were calculated (0.123 vs. 0.122). At the femoral neck, there was no difference in BMD (0.728 vs. 0.712, p = 0.5), and BMAD values were significantly higher among Indo-Asians than Caucasians (0.393 vs. 0.319, p = 0.022). Hip axis length was significantly shorter among Indo-Asian women (10.3 vs. 10.7, p = 0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although Indo-Asian women appear to have lower spinal BMD than Caucasians, these differences disappear when BMAD values are calculated. While BMD is an areal density, not taking into account the 'depth' of the bone, BMAD is an estimation of volumetric density. Hence lower BMD values in Asians may be a size-related artefact. Longitudinal studies may be required to evaluate the use of BMD as a marker for fracture risk in this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Charing Cross Hospital, London.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Petley
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dennison
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walker-Bone
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014171:Transients and Migrants; D006113:United Kingdom