title: In vitro effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on natural killer cell cytolysis in women with and without endometriosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to assess the in vitro effect of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on natural killer cell activity in women with and without endometriosis and to ascertain whether gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist effects on natural killer cell activity are direct or mediated solely through the hypoestrogenic state that they produce in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  With use of a chromium 51 release microcytotoxicity assay with K562 target cells, natural killer cell activity was measured after the incubation of mononuclear cells with leuprolide acetate that was obtained from 16 patients with endometriosis and 11 control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cytotoxicity of natural killer cells that were obtained from patients with endometriosis was reduced significantly (P<.001) with leuprolide. Natural killer cell cytotoxicity from control patients was also significantly decreased (P=.005) with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist. Natural killer cell cytotoxicity was significantly lower in patients with endometriosis than in control patients (P=.029).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest a direct immunomodulatory role of gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist on natural killer cell activity and confirm previous findings that patients with endometriosis have reduced natural killer cell cytotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
authors.forename: Kenneth H H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Simon
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D004715:Endometriosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists*; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D016729:Leuprolide / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D016729:Leuprolide