title: Intra- and inter-species differences in persistent organic contaminants in the blubber of blue whales and humpback whales from the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada.
abstract: Biopsy samples of blubber from adult male and female blue whales, and from female and young-of-the-year humpback whales were collected during the summers of 1992-1999 in the Gulf of St. Lawrence, Canada. In blue whales, concentrations of 25 PCB congeners, DDT and metabolites and several other organochlorine compounds were present at higher concentrations in the blubber of males relative to females; reflecting maternal transfer of these persistent contaminants from females into young. Sex-related differences in concentrations were not observed with less persistent contaminants, such as HCHs. In humpback whale samples, there were no significant differences in the concentrations of PCBs and organochlorine compounds in the blubber of females and calves. These data indicate that calves quickly bioaccumulate contaminants by transplacental and lactational routes to concentrations that are in equilibrium with females. In comparisons between contaminant concentrations and patterns in the blubber of female blue and humpback whales, there were no significant differences in concentrations, but the proportions of some PCB congeners, HCH isomers, and DDT and its metabolites were different in the two baleen whale species. These may reflect differences in the diet of the two species, since fish comprise a large part of the diet of humpback whales and blue whales feed exclusively on euphausiid crustaceans (i.e. krill).
authors.affiliation: Water Quality Centre, Trent University, Ontario K9J 7B8, Peterborough, Canada. cmetcalfe@trentu.ca
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Metcalfe
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Koenig
authors.forename: Tracy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Metcalfe
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paterson
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sears
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D002170:Canada; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D003634:DDT / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013045:Species Specificity; D014907:Whales
chemical_list: D003634:DDT; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls