title: Survey of ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol in stored grains from the 1999 harvest in the UK.
abstract: Three hundred and twenty samples from the 1999 UK harvest comprising wheat (201 samples), barley (106) and oats (13) were analysed for ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol. A small number of organic samples was also obtained. Samples were collected from farms, central stores, mills, maltings and ports from across the UK from February to April 2000. Ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol analysis was by affinity column clean up and high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence and ultraviolet light detection, respectively, with limits of detection of 0.2 and 20 microg kg(-1). The survey found ochratoxin A at below 5 microg kg(-1) in 97% of the samples indicating satisfactory storage conditions. The remaining 3% of the samples contained ochratoxin A at levels between 5.2 and 231 microg kg(-1), but none of these samples was intended for human consumption. Deoxynivalenol was detected in 88% of all samples, with 83% below 100 microg kg(-1); the maximum level was 600 microg kg(-1). Twenty samples containing deoxynivalenol at or above 150 microg kg(-1) by high-performance liquid chromatography were all confirmed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Nivalenol was also detected by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry at levels of 50 microg kg(-1) or higher in 18 of 20 samples where deoxynivalenol was confirmed.
authors.affiliation: Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York YO41 1LZ, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Prickett
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Wildey
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D005513:Food Inspection / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000032:analysis*; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D009793:Ochratoxins; D014255:Trichothecenes; C025589:ochratoxin A; C007262:deoxynivalenol