title: Identification of lithium-regulated genes in cultured lymphoblasts of lithium responsive subjects with bipolar disorder.
abstract: Lithium, a common drug for the treatment of bipolar disorder (BD), requires chronic administration to prevent recurrences of the illness. The necessity for long-term treatment suggests that changes in genes expression are involved in the mechanism of its action. We studied effects of lithium on gene expression in lymphoblasts from BD patients, all excellent responders to lithium prophylaxis. Gene expression was analyzed using cDNA arrays that included a total of 2400 cDNAs. We found that chronic lithium treatment at a therapeutically relevant concentration decreased the expression of seven genes in lymphoblasts from lithium responders. Five of these candidate lithium-regulated genes, including alpha1B-adrenoceptor (alpha1B-AR), acetylcholine receptor protein alpha chain precursor (ACHR), cAMP-dependent 3',5'-cyclic phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D), substance-P receptor (SPR), and ras-related protein RAB7, were verified by Northern blotting analysis in lithium responders. None of these genes were regulated by lithium in healthy control subjects. When we compared the expression of these five genes between bipolar subjects and healthy control subjects at baseline, prior to lithium administration, we found that alpha1B-AR gene expression was higher in bipolar subjects than in healthy control subjects. Our findings indicate that alpha1B-AR may play an important role in the mechanism of action of lithium treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Xiujun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: L Trevor
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Jun-Feng
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grof
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turecki
authors.forename: Guy A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rouleau
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018692:Antimanic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008094:Lithium / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D018692:Antimanic Agents; D008094:Lithium