title: Is half-dose contrast-enhanced three-dimensional MR angiography sufficient for the abdominal aorta and pelvis?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the usefulness of half-dose contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) angiography for depicting the abdominal aorta and its major branches.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 72 consecutive patients were randomly assigned to one of four groups that underwent MR angiography after receiving different concentrations (original or diluted to 50%) and total amounts (single or half-dose) of gadolinium chelate injected at different rates (1 or 0.5 mL/second). The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the abdominal aorta and of the common and external iliac arteries were calculated, and two blinded readers rated the respective image qualities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SNR and CNR of the abdominal aorta and the common iliac artery in the 0.5 mL/second groups were statistically significantly lower than those in the 1 mL/second groups. The differences in overall image quality across the four groups were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Half-dose MR angiography using diluted contrast medium injected at a rate of 1 mL/second depicted the abdominal aorta and its branches as clearly as using a full single dose.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Informative Imagiology, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan. takahashi@inf-img.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takamichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takamura
authors.forename: Tonsok
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Narumi
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010388:Pelvis / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA