title: The effects of chemotherapeutics on cellular metabolism and consequent immune recognition.
abstract: Awidely held view is that oncolytic agents induce death of tumor cells directly. In this report we review and discuss the apoptosis-inducing effects of chemotherapeutics, the effects of chemotherapeutics on metabolic function, and the consequent effects of metabolic function on immune recognition. Finally, we propose that effective chemotherapeutic and/or apoptosis-inducing agents, at concentrations that can be achieved physiologically, do not kill tumor cells directly. Rather, we suggest that effective oncolytic agents sensitize immunologically altered tumor cells to immune recognition and immune-directed cell death.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80933-7150, USA. mnewell@uccs.edu
authors.forename: M Karen
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Newell
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Melamede
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Villalobos-Menuey
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Swartzendruber
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trauger
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Camley
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Crisp