title: Opposite effects of depressant and convulsant barbiturate stereoisomers on acetylcholine release from the rat hippocampus in vivo.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been shown that the R(-) isomer of 1-methyl-5-phenyl-5-propyl barbituric acid (MPPB) induces loss of the righting reflex (LRR), while S(+)-MPPB causes pure excitatory effects, including convulsions, in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied the effects of the depressant and convulsant MPPB stereoisomers on rat hippocampal acetylcholine (ACh) release in vivo, using a brain microdialysis technique in freely moving animals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  R(-)-MPPB 60 and 90 mg x kg(-1) i.p. decreased ACh release from the rat hippocampus by 44.1 (8.2)% and 60.8 (8.2)%, respectively. In the hippocampus, the local application of bicuculline, a gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)(A) receptor antagonist, 1 micromol litre(-1) antagonized the inhibitory effects of R(-)-MPPB 90 mg x kg(-1) i.p. In contrast, R(-)-MPPB, S(+)-MPPB 60 and 90 mg x kg(-1) i.p. increased ACh release to 151.8 (6.8)% and 169.6 (11.1)% of the basal release, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrated that R(-)-MPPB decreased, while S(+)-MPPB increased, rat hippocampal ACh release and that the inhibitory effects of R(-)-MPPB may involve the GABA(A) receptor in vivo. These data imply that changes in hippocampal ACh due to these agents may be related to their central inhibitory and stimulatory actions in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanasawa-Ku, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan. inagawa@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Inagawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishihama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shioda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Andoh
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003292:Convulsants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017551:Microdialysis / Q000379:methods; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D003292:Convulsants; C008555:1-methyl-5-phenyl-5-propylbarbituric acid; D000109:Acetylcholine; D010634:Phenobarbital