title: The ion channels coded by viruses.
abstract: Pathogenicity and virulence are multifactorial traits, depending on interaction of viruses with susceptible cells and organisms. The ion channels coded by viruses, viroporins, represent only one factor taking part in the cascade of interactions between virus and cell, leading to the entry of virus, replication and to profound changes in membrane permeability. The M2 protein from influenza A virus forms proton-selective, pH-regulated channel involved in regulating vesicular pH, a function important for the correct maturation of HA glycoprotein. The NB glycoprotein of influenza B viruses is an integral membrane protein with an ion channel activity. The CM2 protein of influenza C virus is an integral membrane glycoprotein structurally analogous to influenza A virus M2 and influenza B virus NB proteins. The picornavirus 3A protein is involved in cell lysis and shows homology with other lytic proteins. Vpu is an oligomeric integral membrane protein encoded by HIV-1, which forms ion channels. The togavirus 6K protein shows structural similarities with other viroporins.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Virology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, 842 45 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ciampor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D010849:Picornaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology; D018272:Porins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014774:Virulence; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena; D014780:Viruses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins
chemical_list: D054298:Human Immunodeficiency Virus Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D018272:Porins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; C514859:vpu protein, Human immunodeficiency virus 1; D000086082:Viroporin Proteins