title: Imaging features and guided drainage in emphysematous pyelonephritis: a study of 11 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the role of image-guided drainage in emphysematous pyelonephritis (EPN).
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 11 patients with EPN treated either by ultrasonography (three patients) or computed tomography (CT)-guided drainage (eight patients). There were eight male and three female patients in our study with ages ranging from 24 to 75 years, mean 56.3 years. All the patients underwent plain radiography, ultrasonography and plain CT of the abdomen. Contrast-enhanced CT was performed in seven patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven of 11 patients, were successfully treated with per cutaneous drainage. One patient died within 24 h (case 2), due to septicaemia. Three patients subsequently required nephrectomy. Replacement of the drainage catheter was required in one patient. The catheter was kept in situ, for an average of 17 days. The catheter drained pus and gas in all patients. The quantity of pus ranged from 300 to 2000 cm(3). All 10 patients improved symptomatically within 24 h of drainage, with improved urine output and serum creatinine levels within 48 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT-guided drainage of EPN has established itself as a safe, quick and life-saving palliative treatment of choice as opposed to conventional emergency nephrectomy. Excluding the patient who died, the success rate of our study was 70%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, K. E. M. Hospital, Parel, Mumbai, India.
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Narlawar
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Raut
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hira
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hanchate
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asrani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods*; D004646:Emphysema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional; D014546:Urinary Catheterization