title: Developmental neuropathology of environmental agents.
abstract: The developing central nervous system (CNS) is more vulnerable to injury than the adult one. Although a great deal of research has been devoted to subtle effects of developmental exposure, such as neurobehavioral changes, this review instead focuses on a number of chemicals that have been shown, in several experimental models as well as humans, to cause morphological changes in the developing nervous system. Chemicals that are discussed include methylmercury (MeHg), lead (Pb), antiepileptic drugs, and ethanol. Additionally, the issue of silent neurotoxicity, i.e., persistent morphological and/or biochemical injury that remains clinically unapparent until later in life, is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98105, USA. lgcosta@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Lucio G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aschner
authors.forename: Annabella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vitalone
authors.forename: Tore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Syversen
authors.forename: Offie Porat
authors.initials: OP
authors.lastname: Soldin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000196:embryology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000196:embryology / Q000209:etiology; D020262:Mercury Poisoning, Nervous System / Q000196:embryology / Q000209:etiology; D008767:Methylmercury Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D008767:Methylmercury Compounds; D000431:Ethanol