Clinical efficacy and safety of recombinant canine erythropoietin in dogs with anemia of chronic renal failure and dogs with recombinant human erythropoietin-induced red cell aplasia.
The efficacy and safety of recombinant canine erythropoietin (rcEPO) therapy was evaluated in 19 dogs with anemia of chronic renal failure (group 1) and 6 dogs with chronic renal failure and recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO)-induced red cell aplasia (group 2). Hematocrit (Hct) and absolute reticulocyte count (ARC) were monitored weekly for the first 8 weeks, CBC (including ARC) and serum iron profiles were evaluated monthly, and serum biochemical analyses were performed every 2 months for 6 (group 2) to 12 (group 1) months. For group 1 dogs, median Hct and ARC increased significantly during the 1st week of rcEPO treatment, and median Hct was sustained at >35% after week 5. In contrast, median Hct and ARC for group 2 did not change significantly with rcEPO treatment, even with doses greater than those used in group 1. Nevertheless, 2 (33%) of the 6 dogs in group 2 developed erythroid hyperplasia, reticulocytosis, and increases in Hct with rcEPO treatment. Although median systolic blood pressure did not change significantly in either group, 5 dogs developed systolic blood pressures > or = 180 mm Hg during the study. Appetite and energy level improved in most group 1 dogs with increases in Hct. Recombinant cEPO stimulated erythrocyte production in dogs with nonregenerative anemia secondary to chronic renal failure without causing the profound erythroid hypoplasia that can occur in rhEPO-treated dogs. Unfortunately, rcEPO was not as effective in restoring erythrocyte production in dogs that had previously developed rhEPO-induced red cell aplasia.
Randolph
John E
JE
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA. jfr4@cornell.edu
Scarlett
Janet
J
Stokol
Tracy
T
MacLeod
James N
JN
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006400:Hematocrit / Q000662:veterinary; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012010:Red-Cell Aplasia, Pure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017701:Reticulocyte Count / Q000662:veterinary; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; D007501:Iron; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase