title: Non-invasive opening of BBB by focused ultrasound.
abstract: Blood brain barrier (BBB) is a major barrier for delivering therapeutic agents in the brain. In this study we investigated the feasibility of open the BBB by using focused ultrasound. Rabbit brains were exposed to pulsed focused ultrasound while injecting ultrasound contrast agent containg microbubbles intravenously. The BBB opening was measured after the sonications by injecting MRI contrast agent i.v. and evaluating the local enhancement in the brain. Low ultrasound powers and pressure amplitudes were found to cause focal enhancement. Before sacrificing the animals trypan blue was also injected i.v.. After the sacrifice of the animals blue spots were found in the brain in the sonicated locations. This method may have potential for targeted delivery of macromolecules in the brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hynynen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: McDannold
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vykhodtseva
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Jolesz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000528:radiation effects*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D045423:Microbubbles; D011817:Rabbits; D013010:Sonication; D014343:Trypan Blue / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D014343:Trypan Blue