title: The role of Shc and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in mediating the translocation of estrogen receptor alpha to the plasma membrane.
abstract: Our previous studies demonstrated that 17beta-estradiol (E2) rapidly induces the interaction of estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) with the adapter protein Shc, the translocation of ERalpha to the cell membrane, and the formation of dynamic membrane structures in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. The present study examined how E2 causes ERalpha to translocate to the region of the plasma membrane and focused on mechanisms whereby Shc and the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) mediate this process. Shc physically interacts with IGF-1R in the plasma membrane, and E2 activates IGF-1R. We reasoned that ERalpha, when bound to Shc, would be directed to the region of the plasma membrane by the same processes, causing membrane translocation of Shc. We confirmed that E2 rapidly induced IGF-1R phosphorylation and demonstrated that E2 induced formation of a ternary protein complex among Shc, ERalpha, and IGF-1R. Knock down of Shc with a specific small inhibitory RNA decreased the association of ERalpha with IGF-1R by 87%, suggesting that Shc is a crucial molecule in the formation of this ternary complex. Confocal microscopy studies provided further confirmation of the functional roles of Shc and the IGF-1R in the translocation of ERalpha to the region of the membrane. Down-regulation of Shc, ERalpha, or IGF-1R with specific small inhibitory RNAs all blocked E2-induced mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphorylation. Together, our results demonstrate that Shc and IGF-1R serve as key elements in the translocation of ERalpha to the cell membrane and in the facilitation of ERalpha-mediated rapid E2 action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Biomolecular Research Facility, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA. rs5wf@virginia.edu
authors.forename: Robert X
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Zhenguo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yongde
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Rakesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Santen
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D006801:Humans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055765:Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D000071425:Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C528024:SHC1 protein, human; D055765:Shc Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D000071425:Src Homology 2 Domain-Containing, Transforming Protein 1; D004958:Estradiol; D017526:Receptor, IGF Type 1; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases