Nutritional status, growth and sleep habits among Senegalese adolescent girls.
OBJECTIVE
To study the relation between sleep habits, nutritional status, growth and maturation in a group of African adolescent girls. The main hypothesis to be tested was that sleep length could be an effective way to spare energy, and thus malnourished girls sleep longer than normal girls.


METHODS
Three repeated yearly surveys (1997-1999) on a subsample of girls drawn from a larger study cohort on growth at adolescence.


METHODS
The Niakhar district in the central part of Senegal.


METHODS
In total, 40 girls were initially drawn. Missing girls were replaced at each round by girls having the same characteristics and belonging to the same cohort.


METHODS
At each round, data on pubertal development (breast stages and occurrence of menarche), growth and nutritional status were collected. Adolescents wore an accelerometer for three or four consecutive nights and days at each round.


RESULTS
At the beginning of the survey, girls were 13.3+/-0.5 y old. They were under international reference values in weight and height. Their mean sleep duration was 8.5+/-0.9 h. Their puberty status did not influence their sleep habits; however, they slept more in March than in June, which was related to the seasonal change in daylight. There was a significant relation between body mass index and sleep habits: thinner girls slept a longer time and more quietly than the more corpulent girls.


CONCLUSIONS
The nutritional status of these girls influenced their sleep habits: this may have been either a direct causal relation or a consequence of a protective attitude on the part of the mothers towards the frailer girls.
Bénéfice
E
E
Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Unit R024, Centre Institut de recherche pour le Développement de Montpellier, Montpellier cedex, France. eric.benefice@mpl.ird.fr
Garnier
D
D
Ndiaye
G
G
D000293:Adolescent / Q000502:physiology; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000886:Anthropometry; D003906:Developing Countries; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D006128:Growth / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009752:Nutritional Status; D011627:Puberty / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012621:Seasons; D012675:Senegal; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000502:physiology; D012885:Skinfold Thickness; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013995:Time; D016526:Workload