title: Cost accounting in a surgical unit in a teaching hospital--a pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Economic constraints remain one of the major limitations on the quality of health care even in industrialised countries. Improvement of quality will require optimising facilities within available resources. Our objective was to determine costs of surgery and to identify areas where cost reduction is possible.
  
  
  METHODS
  80 patients undergoing routine major and intermediate surgery during a period of 6 months were selected at random. All consumables used and procedures carried out were documented. A unit cost was assigned to each of these. Costing was based on 3 main categories: preoperative (investigations, blood product related costs), operative (anaesthetic charges, consumables and theatre charges) and post-operative (investigations, consumables, hospital stay). Theatre charges included two components: fixed (consumables) and variable (dependent on time per operation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The indirect costs (e.g. administration costs, 'hotel' costs), accounted for 30%, of the total and were lower than similar costs in industrialised nations. The largest contributory factors (median, range) towards total cost were, basic hospital charges (30%; 15 to 63%); theatre charges fixed (23%; 6 to 35%) and variable (14%; 8 to 27%); and anaesthetic charges (15%; 1 to 36%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cost reduction in patients undergoing surgery should focus on decreasing hospital stay, operating theatre time and anaesthetic expenditure. Although definite measures can be suggested from the study, further studies on these variables are necessary to optimise cost effectiveness of surgical units.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kelaniya. ajithpm@sltnet.lk
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Malalasekera
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ariyaratne
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fernando
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Deen
mesh_terms: D000066:Accounting; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000191:economics; D003361:Cost Allocation; D017046:Cost Savings; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D017721:Hospital Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics; D008297:Male; D009873:Operating Rooms / Q000191:economics*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D013188:Sri Lanka; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods