O-sulfonation of serine and threonine: mass spectrometric detection and characterization of a new posttranslational modification in diverse proteins throughout the eukaryotes.
Protein sulfonation on serine and threonine residues is described for the first time. This post-translational modification is shown to occur in proteins isolated from organisms representing a broad span of eukaryote evolution, including the invertebrate mollusk Lymnaea stagnalis, the unicellular malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, and humans. Detection and structural characterization of this novel post-translational modification was carried out using liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray tandem mass spectrometry on proteins including a neuronal intermediate filament and a myosin light chain from the snail, a cathepsin-C-like enzyme from the parasite, and the cytoplasmic domain of the human orphan receptor tyrosine kinase Ror-2. These findings suggest that sulfonation of serine and threonine may be involved in multiple functions including protein assembly and signal transduction.
Medzihradszky
K F
KF
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Mass Spectrometry Facility, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Darula
Z
Z
Perlson
E
E
Fainzilber
M
M
Chalkley
R J
RJ
Ball
H
H
Greenbaum
D
D
Bogyo
M
M
Tyson
D R
DR
Bradshaw
R A
RA
Burlingame
A L
AL
D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006801:Humans; D008195:Lymnaea / Q000378:metabolism; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000378:metabolism; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000502:physiology*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D057050:Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptors; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism; D013912:Threonine / Q000378:metabolism
D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D010455:Peptides; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D013912:Threonine; D012694:Serine; C078717:ROR2 protein, human; D057050:Receptor Tyrosine Kinase-like Orphan Receptors