title: [A study of the link between upper and lower respiratory inflammation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the correlation between upper and lower respiratory inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty rats were randomly divided into allergic rhinitis group (AR), asthma group (AS), and control group (Con). The pulmonary function was measured by pulmonary function instrument of animal model, the infiltration of eosinophils and mast cells was detected by hematotoxylin-eosin staining (HE staining) and toluidine blue staining respectively, the expression of VCAM-I and IL-13 was examined by immunohistochemistry. ELISA was used to measure the concentration of IL-5 in the peripheral serum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The numbers of eosinophils and mast cells in nasal mucosa and lung tissue of AR were both significantly higher than those of Con, and similar results were observed between AS and Con. The forced expiratory volume in 0.3 second (FEV0.3)/forced vital capacity (FVC) of AR and AS was both significantly lower than that of Con. The numbers of VCAM-I and IL-13 positive vessels in lung tissue of AR were both significantly higher than those of Con, and similar results were observed between AS and Con. The concentration of IL-5 in the serum of AR and AS was both significantly higher than that of Con. The concentration of IL-5 in serum was positively correlated with the number of eosinophils in peripheral blood of AR and AS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inflammation is similar between AR and AS, and repeatedly challenge upper respiratory tract can impact on lower respiratory response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China. entwxd@vip.sina.com
authors.forename: Xiang-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: De-min
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yong-xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Wen-zhong
authors.initials: WZ
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Zhong-yan
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Shu-ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Bao-sen
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Er-zhong
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000473:pathology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000473:pathology; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009299:Nasal Provocation Tests; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D018793:Interleukin-13; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1