title: Body weight and glucose metabolism have a different effect on circulating levels of ICAM-1, E-selectin, and endothelin-1 in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endothelial dysfunction and inflammation are present in both type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. In this paper we compared the role of weight loss and of glycaemic control in determining circulating levels of ICAM-1, endothelin-1 (ET-1), and E-selectin in patients with morbid (grade 3) obesity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ICAM-1, E-selectin, and ET-1 were higher in obese patients (n=96) than in lean controls (n=30); among obese patients, the three molecules were higher in T2DM patients (n=26) than in patients with normal (NGT, n=43) or impaired (IGT, n=27) glucose tolerance. Sixty-eight obese patients had a significant weight loss induced by bariatric surgery, and showed a significant decrease in blood glucose, HbA1c and all molecules, so that ICAM-1, E-selectin, and ET-1 were not different in NGT, IGT and T2DM patients, and in lean controls; in 13 patients with a small weight loss induced by diet, changes were not significant, in spite of a significant reduction in blood glucose and HbA1c. At stepwise regression, changes in ICAM-1, ET-1, and E-selectin significantly correlated only with change in body mass index.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that weight loss is more important than glycaemic control in regulating circulating levels of ICAM-1, ET-1, E-selectin in morbidly obese subjects.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Medicina Interna, Università degli Studi, 2nd Divisione di Medicina Interna, Ospedale San Paolo, Italy. antonio.pontiroli@unimi.it
authors.forename: Antonio E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Pontiroli
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pizzocri
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koprivec
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vedani
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marchi
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arcelloni
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paroni
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Esposito
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Giugliano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000097:blood; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values; D012044:Regression Analysis; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D019040:E-Selectin; D019332:Endothelin-1; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1