Lipid atherogenic risk markers can be more favourably influenced by the cis-9,trans-11-octadecadienoate isomer than a conjugated linoleic acid mixture or fish oil in hamsters.
The aim of our present study was to compare the efficiency of conjugated linoleic acids (CLA) and fish oil in modulating atherogenic risk markers. Adult male hamsters were given a cholesterol-rich diet (0.6 g/kg) for 8 weeks; the diet was supplemented with 5 g cis-9,trans-11-CLA isomer/kg, 12 g CLA mixture (CLA-mix)/kg, 12 g fish oil/kg or 12 g fish oil+12 g CLA-mix/kg. The plasma cholesterol status was improved only with the cis-9,trans-11-CLA (HDL-cholesterol and HDL-cholesterol:LDL-cholesterol ratio, P<0.05), but was of borderline significance for CLA-mix (HDL-cholesterol:LDL-cholesterol ratio, P=0.06), with an increase (33-40 %) in the liver lipoprotein receptors (scavenger receptor-type I and LDL ApoB/E receptor) and HDL-binding protein 2 (P<0.05). A 100 % pigment gallstones incidence and a slight insulin resistance (homeostatic model assessment index) were observed in the CLA-mix-fed hamsters (P=-0.031). In comparison, fish-oil feeding alone improved merely the scavenger receptor-type I and HDL-binding protein 2 liver status and faeces sterol output. For most of our present observations, the concomitant intake of fish oil and CLA-mix gave dominant effects that were exclusive and specific to one or the other oil. In conclusion, part of the beneficial effects of CLA in the present study can be ascribed to the cis-9,trans-11-isomer, and these did not generally overlap with those of fish oil. In addition, the CLA-mix effects are clearly affected by the marine (n-3) fatty acids.
Valeille
Karine
K
ARILAIT Recherches, 42 rue de Châteaudun, 75314 Paris Cedex 09, France.
Gripois
Daniel
D
Blouquit
Marie-France
MF
Souidi
Maamar
M
Riottot
Michel
M
Bouthegourd
Jean-Christophe
JC
Sérougne
Colette
C
Martin
Jean-Charles
JC
D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006224:Cricetinae; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018110:Receptors, Lipoprotein / Q000097:blood; D012307:Risk Factors
D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D007328:Insulin; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D018110:Receptors, Lipoprotein; C046938:9,11-linoleic acid