title: Enhancement of wound healing by shikonin analogue 93/637 in normal and impaired healing.
abstract: Wound healing is a complicated biological process, which involves interactions of multiple cell types, various growth factors, their mediators and the extracellular matrix proteins. In this study, we evaluated the effects of shikonin analogue 93/637 (SA), derived from the plant Arnebia nobilis, on normal and hydrocortisone-induced impaired healing in full thickness cutaneous punch wounds in rats. SA (0.1%) was applied topically daily as an ointment in polyethylene glycol base on wounds. SA treatment significantly accelerated healing of wounds, as measured by wound contraction compared to controls in hydrocortisone-impaired animals. SA treatment promoted formation of granulation tissue including cell migration and neovascularization, collagenization and reepithelialization. The expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) was higher as revealed by immunohistochemistry in treated wounds compared to controls. However, the expression of transforming growth factor-beta(1) was not affected by SA treatment. Since bFGF is known to accelerate wound healing, the increased expression of bFGF by SA may be partly responsible for the enhancement of wound healing. These studies suggest that SA could be further studied for clinical use to enhance wound healing.
authors.affiliation: Center for Combat Casualty and Life Sustainment Research, Department of Pathology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, 4301 Jones Bridge Road, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mani
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Sidhu
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gaddipati
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Banaudha
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Maheshwari
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C441506:1-(5,8-dihydro-1,4-dihydroxy-5,8-dioxo-2-naphthyl)-4-methylpent-3-en-1-yl cinnamate; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002934:Cinnamates; D009285:Naphthoquinones; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2