title: Expression of the disintegrin metalloprotease, ADAM-10, in prostate cancer and its regulation by dihydrotestosterone, insulin-like growth factor I, and epidermal growth factor in the prostate cancer cell model LNCaP.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The disintegrin metalloprotease ADAM-10 is a multidomain metalloprotease that is potentially significant in tumor progression due to its extracellular matrix-degrading properties. Previously, ADAM-10 mRNA was detected in prostate cancer (PCa) cell lines; however, the presence of ADAM-10 protein and its cellular localization, regulation, and role have yet to be described. We hypothesized that ADAM-10 mRNA and protein may be regulated by growth factors such as 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone, insulin-like growth factor I, and epidermal growth factor, known modulators of PCa cell growth and invasion.
  
  
  METHODS
  ADAM-10 expression was analyzed by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry in prostate tissues obtained from 23 patients with prostate disease. ADAM-10 regulation was assessed using quantitative reverse transcription-PCR and Western blot analysis in the PCa cell line LNCaP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ADAM-10 expression was localized to the secretory cells of prostate glands, with additional basal cell expression in benign glands. ADAM-10 protein was predominantly membrane bound in benign glands but showed marked nuclear localization in cancer glands. By Western blot, the 100-kDa proform and the 60-kDa active form of ADAM-10 were synergistically up-regulated in LNCaP cells treated with insulin-like growth factor I plus 5alpha-dihydrotestosterone. Epidermal growth factor also up-regulated both ADAM-10 mRNA and protein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study describes for the first time the expression, regulation, and cellular localization of ADAM-10 protein in PCa. The regulation and membrane localization of ADAM-10 support our hypothesis that ADAM-10 has a role in extracellular matrix maintenance and cell invasion, although the potential role of nuclear ADAM-10 is not yet known.
authors.affiliation: Hormone-Dependent Cancer Program, School of Life Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: McCulloch
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Akl
authors.forename: Hemamali
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Samaratunga
authors.forename: Adrian C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Herington
authors.forename: Dimitri M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Odorico
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D000728:Androgens / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; C491236:ADAM10 protein, human