title: Ginsenosides enhance the transduction of tat-superoxide dismutase into mammalian cells and skin.
abstract: We previously reported that Tat-Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (Tat-SOD), a major antioxidant enzyme, can be directly transduced into mammalian cells and skin [Kwon et al. (2000); Park et al. (2002)]. To enhance the therapeutic potential of Tat-SOD in the treatment of various disorders, we screened a number of natural products for their ability to increase transduction efficiency. Ginsenosides were effective with cultured HeLa cells and enhanced the penetration of Tat-SOD into both the epidermis and the dermis of the subcutaneous layer when sprayed on mice skin. Although their mechanism of action is not fully understood we believe that ginsenosides may be useful cofactors with this antioxidant enzyme in anti-aging cosmetics or as a therapeutic protein in disorders related to reactive-oxygen species.
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Sciences, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea.
authors.forename: Dae Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won Sik
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Eum
authors.forename: Sang Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Chang Sik
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Hee Soon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Soo Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Young Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Eun Shil
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Nam-In
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Hyeok Yil
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Jin Hi
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Yoon Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Oh-Shin
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Sung-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Kyuhyung
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Kil Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jinseu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Soo Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015696:Gene Products, tat; D036145:Ginsenosides; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase