title: [Risk factors for fatal outcome in subdural hemorrhage].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subdural haemorrhage (SDH) is of high public health importance because of its frequency, high case fatality ratio (CFR) and the young age of affected population. Despite the fact that the effectivity of guideline based treatment has been improved in the last decade, the Hungarian praxis shows variable compliance for recommendations.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The study aimed to describe the heterogeneity of the treatment effectivity (by geographically identifying the populations provided with appropriate or non-optimal level care), to determine the relationship between the institutional proxies quality and the results of treatment for SDH by linking the proxies properties to the patients' records.
  
  
  METHODS
  The institutions' protocols were assessed by a self-completed questionnaire in 1997. The participating hospitals treated 79% of the Hungarian patients with SDH. The Hungarian hospital discharge data in 1997-1999 were the source of patient specific data. The risk factors of lethal outcome were investigated by logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  High proportion of patients had been treated in hospital with low compliance for guidelines. The non-permanent access to neurosurgical service and CT facility, the lack of intracranial pressure monitoring and the respiration support provided out of intensive care units worsened the survival of subjects. It was quantified that the full compliance could have diminished the case fatality ratio by 15-20%. The ratio of extreme county level CFRs exceeded 2.36 and extrapolating the effectivity observed in the county with lowest lethality, the Hungarian CFR would have been reduced by 21% among patients with SDH main diagnosis. (The interpretation of findings is limited by the lack of differentiation between acute and chronic cases and of direct categorisation of severity for subdural haemorrhage in the official hospital discharge records).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study results urge the increase of compliance for evidence based guidelines, since despite of some validity issues, it was demonstrated that the deviation from recommended practice is reflected in the disadvantageous outcome.
authors.affiliation: Pécsi Tudományegyetem, Altalános Orvostudományi Kar, Közegészségtani Intézet, Pécs.
authors.forename: János
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sándor
authors.forename: Mária
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szücs
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ember
authors.forename: Gyula
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Csepregi
authors.forename: Judit
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Futó
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vimláti
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pál
authors.forename: András
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Büki
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dóczi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000552:Ambulances; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006408:Hematoma, Subdural / Q000401:mortality* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007427:Intracranial Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014187:Transportation of Patients