title: Examination stress, salivary cortisol, and academic performance.
abstract: Immediately before and after participation in a written final examination, 11 graduate students rated their self-perceived stress and provided saliva samples for cortisol assay. Students rated stress higher before the examination, and these ratings were associated with increased salivary cortisol. Students who reported higher stress and had higher cortisol levels before the examination tended to have significantly lower examination scores.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community, Occupational, and Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Sin-Eng
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Chia
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004521:Educational Measurement; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone