title: Fertility after high-dose chemotherapy for testicular cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe long-term gonadal function after high-dose chemotherapy (HDC). HDC for testicular cancer was recently developed. The evaluation of testicular function after chemotherapy for testicular cancer is an important part of overall care, especially in young patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1994 and 2001, 27 patients underwent HDC (1250 mg/m2 carboplatin, 1500 mg/m2 etoposide, and 7.5 g/m2 ifosfamide) at Kobe University Hospital. Information on gonadal function during follow-up was available for 10 of these patients. The mean patient age +/- SD at treatment was 32.2 +/- 8.4 years. The relationships among age at treatment, semen analysis, serum hormone levels (follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, prolactin, and estradiol), cumulative dose of cisplatin and carboplatin, and length of follow-up were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spermatogenesis recovered after cessation of HDC in 5 of 10 patients. Semen analysis in these patients showed the mean sperm concentration and motility at 42.4 +/- 10.4 million/mL and 67.2% +/- 17.0%, respectively. The patients were divided into azoospermic and nonazoospermic groups. The age of the nonazoospermic and azoospermic patients was 28.2 +/- 8.7 and 36.2 +/- 6.5 years, respectively. Follicle-stimulating hormone levels in the nonazoospermic group (11.7 +/- 3.4 mIU/mL) were significantly lower than in the azoospermic group (32.8 +/- 14.4 mIU/mL; P = 0.0472). No other statistically significant difference was observed in the other hormone levels or the cumulative dose of cisplatin and carboplatin between the azoospermic and nonazoospermic groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spermatogenesis recovers after HDC in some patients. Patients should be informed that they may or may not be fertile after HDC.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Organs Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomoto
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Sadao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamidono
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility / Q000187:drug effects; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000628:therapy; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D005047:Etoposide; D011388:Prolactin; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D016190:Carboplatin; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide