title: Quetiapine reduces nocturnal urinary cortisol excretion in healthy subjects.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction is a frequent finding in psychiatric disorders, including psychotic depression and schizophrenia. Conflicting results exist concerning the influence of antipsychotics on the HPA-axis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Therefore, this double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized cross-over study investigated the effect of quetiapine on nocturnal urinary cortisol and melatonin excretion in 13 healthy male subjects under conditions of undisturbed and experimentally disturbed sleep.
  
  
  METHODS
  Volunteers were studied 3 times for 3 consecutive nights (N0, adaptation; N1, standard sleep conditions; N2, acoustic stress) 4 days apart. Placebo, quetiapine 25 mg or quetiapine 100 mg was administered orally 1 h before bedtime on nights 1 and 2. Urine produced during the 8-h bedtime period was collected for later determination of cortisol and melatonin concentrations by standard radioimmunoassays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MANOVA showed a significant effect for N1 vs. N2 with elevated total amount of cortisol ( p<0.005) and melatonin ( p<0.05) excretion after acoustic stress. Both quetiapine 25 mg and 100 mg significantly ( p<0.0005) reduced the total amount of cortisol excretion in comparison to placebo. No interaction effect of stress condition was observed. There was no effect of quetiapine on melatonin levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significant reduction of nocturnal cortisol excretion following quetiapine reflects a decreased activity of the HPA-axis in healthy subjects. This finding may be an important aspect in quetiapine's mode of action in different patient populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, von-Siebold Strasse 5, 37075 Göttingen, Germany. scohrs@gwdg.de
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cohrs
authors.forename: Kathrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pohlmann
authors.forename: Zhenghua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Huether
authors.forename: Eckart
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rüther
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodenbeck
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000187:drug effects*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000652:urine*; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000652:urine; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D011863:Radioimmunoassay / Q000379:methods; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D008550:Melatonin; D006854:Hydrocortisone