A framework for assessing risks to children from exposure to environmental agents.
In recent years there has been an increasing focus in environmental risk assessment on children as a potentially susceptible population. There also has been growing recognition of the need for a systematic approach for organizing, evaluating, and incorporating the available data on children's susceptibilities in risk assessments. In this article we present a conceptual framework for assessing risks to children from environmental exposures. The proposed framework builds on the problem formulation-->analysis-->risk characterization paradigm, identifying at each phase the questions and issues of particular importance for characterizing risks to the developing organism (from conception through organ maturation). The framework is presented and discussed from the complementary perspectives of toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics.
Daston
George
G
The Procter & Gamble Company, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.
Faustman
Elaine
E
Ginsberg
Gary
G
Fenner-Crisp
Penny
P
Olin
Stephen
S
Sonawane
Babasaheb
B
Bruckner
James
J
Breslin
William
W
McLaughlin
Tara J
TJ
D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002669:Child Welfare; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000506:poisoning*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods
D004785:Environmental Pollutants