title: Automated headspace solid-phase dynamic extraction to analyse the volatile fraction of food matrices.
abstract: High concentration capacity headspace techniques (headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and headspace sorptive extraction (HSSE)) are a bridge between static and dynamic headspace, since they give high concentration factors as does dynamic headspace (D-HS), and are as easy to apply and as reproducible as static headspace (S-HS). In 2000, Chromtech (Idstein, Germany) introduced an inside-needle technique for vapour and liquid sampling, solid-phase dynamic extraction (SPDE), also known as "the magic needle". In SPDE, analytes are concentrated on a 50 microm film of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and activated carbon (10%) coated onto the inside wall of the stainless steel needle (5 cm) of a 2.5 ml gas tight syringe. When SPDE is used for headspace sampling (HS-SPDE), a fixed volume of the headspace of the sample under investigation is sucked up an appropriate number of times with the gas tight syringe and an analyte amount suitable for a reliable GC or GC-MS analysis accumulates in the polymer coating the needle wall. This article describes the preliminary results of both a study on the optimisation of sampling parameters conditioning HS-SPDE recovery, through the analysis of a standard mixture of highly volatile compounds (beta-pinene, isoamyl acetate and linalool) and of the HS-SPDE-GC-MS analyses of aromatic plants and food matrices. This study shows that HS-SPDE is a successful technique for HS-sampling with high concentration capability, good repeatability and intermediate precision, also when it is compared to HS-SPME.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienza e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Università degli studi Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 9, I-10125 Torino, Italy. carlo.bicchi@unito.it
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bicchi
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cordero
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liberto
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rubiolo
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sgorbini
mesh_terms: D005504:Food Analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006371:Helium; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D006371:Helium