Fast onset medications through thermally generated aerosols.
Smoking involves heating a drug to form a mixture of drug vapor and gaseous degradation products. These gases subsequently cool and condense into aerosol particles that are inhaled. Here, we demonstrate rapid and reliable systemic delivery of pure pharmaceutical compounds without degradation products through a related process that also involves inhalation of thermally generated aerosol. Drug is coated as a thin film on a metallic substrate and vaporized by heating the metal. The thin nature of the drug coating minimizes the length of time during which the drug is exposed to elevated temperatures, thereby preventing its thermal decomposition. The vaporized, gas-phase drug rapidly condenses and coagulates into micrometer-sized aerosol particles. For the commonly prescribed antimigraine drug rizatriptan, inhalation of these particles results in nearly instantaneous systemic drug action.
Rabinowitz
Joshua D
JD
Alexza Molecular Delivery Corporation, Palo Alto, CA 94303, USA. jrabinowitz@alexza.com
Wensley
Martin
M
Lloyd
Peter
P
Myers
Daniel
D
Shen
William
W
Lu
Amy
A
Hodges
Craig
C
Hale
Ron
R
Mufson
Daniel
D
Zaffaroni
Alejandro
A
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000336:Aerosols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D010316:Particle Size; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood; D012996:Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014230:Triazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D014363:Tryptamines
D000336:Aerosols; D018490:Serotonin Agents; D012996:Solutions; D014230:Triazoles; D014363:Tryptamines; C093622:rizatriptan