title: Serial dobutamine stress echocardiography with Doppler assessment of the left internal thoracic artery graft after minimally invasive bypass for a patient with an orthotopic heart transplant.
abstract: Select patients who have undergone orthotopic heart transplantation with proximal left anterior disease may be candidates for minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery. Combining left internal thoracic artery transthoracic Doppler flow assessment with wall motion assessment during dobutamine stress echocardiography adds to the utility of this test by focusing attention on the graft's status as well as detecting ischemia due to cardiac allograft vasculopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh Cardiovascular Institute, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Harpreet Singh
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Grewal
authors.forename: Marco A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zenati
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kormos
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murali
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D025401:Echocardiography, Stress; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D013895:Thoracic Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000637:transplantation*