title: [Molecule based diagnosis].
abstract: Based on reviews of the concept of diagnostics and in general and in specific tumour areas it was clear that development of diagnostic procedures involving genomics will allow for much better targeted and tailored treatments in the future. This will result in better efficacy and better tolerability of cancer treatments, but will also allow for progress in prediction, diagnosis and dose selection. Large collaborative projects studying the efficacy and safety of drugs on the genome level is promising to bring important benefits to both patients and the national economy by reducing useless drug therapy. In colorectal cancer there are several genetic defects identified that can act as the target for directed therapy in the future. Expressions of tumour specific antigens open the way for immunological targeted therapies. Developments in the understanding of the genomic basis for resistance to anti-tumour therapy is promising to help targeting patients likely to respond and not develop resistance. A Japanese model is being developed to determine the relative risk of breast cancer of Japanese women. Based on this prevention therapies can be instigated. The last four years have seen the introduction of four novel targeted therapies. If this model should become a standard in the future, much stronger collaboration between academic research and pharmaceutical industry need to develop.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Urology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akaza
authors.forename: Tomohiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsuruo
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Hisataka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moriwaki
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Shinzaburo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Seigo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Nagahiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saijo
authors.forename: Saburo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Isonishi
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hinotsu
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Euler
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Blackedge
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D023281:Genomics; D016045:Human Genome Project; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents