title: Diffusion-weighted MRI in cortical ischaemia.
abstract: We carried out MRI on 16 male and three female comatose patients, aged 2 days to 79 years, with suspected cortical ischaemia referred from our intensive care units. Using a head coil, and following standard imaging, including coronal fluid-attenuated inversion-recovery images, we performed diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) using a whole-brain multislice single-shot echo-planar sequence with b 0 and 1000 s/mm2: 5-mm slices covering the whole brain, TR 7000 TE 106 ms, 128 x 128 pixels, field of view 250 mm, one excitation. Maps of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) were generated automatically. DWI showed cortical, basal ganglia and watershed-area high signal in all cases, associated with a decrease in ADC to 60- 80% of normal. DWI showed lesions not seen (40%) or underestimated (40%) on conventional T2-weighted imaging. Within 24 h of the onset of symptoms, DWI showed changes not readily detectable on T2-weighted images. The cortical high signal on DWI and the ADC changes, suggesting severe ischaemia rather than oedema, was found in areas known to be affected by cortical laminar necrosis. Extension to the brain stem and white matter was associated with a higher likelihood of death.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Neuroradiologie, Service de Radiodiagnostic, DRRI, Hôpital Cantonal Un iversitaire de Genève, 24 rue Micheli-du-Crest, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland. Karl-Olof.Lovblad@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Lövblad
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Wetzel
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Somon
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wilhelm
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mehdizade
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kelekis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Koussy
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: El-Tatawy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bishof
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schroth
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perrig
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lazeyras
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sztajzel
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Terrier
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rüfenacht
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delavelle
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003128:Coma / Q000175:diagnosis; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged