title: Lateralisation value of lower limb behaviors in complex partial seizures of temporal lobe origin: a video-EEG analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the lateralising value of leg behaviors in complex partial seizures (CPS) of temporal lobe onset.
  
  
  METHODS
  Videotapes of 123 seizures from 38 patients who were seizure-free after temporal lobectomy were reviewed. Ictal behaviors including head turning, limb automatisms, tonic/dystonic postures and the latent time for ictal behavior were analysed for their lateralising value.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contralateral versive head turning, ipsilateral arm automatisms, contralateral arm tonic/dystonic posturing, and contralateral arm clonic posturing were found to have high predictive value of lateralisation. As for the lower limbs, meaningful leg behaviors were recorded in 38 (31%) of 123 seizures, far less than behaviors of the upper limbs (79%). The predictive value from leg behaviors were similar to that from upper limbs. Among the leg behaviors, dystonic behaviors were always contralateral to the ictal side. Tonic behaviors were 94% contralateral to the ictal side. Dystonia and clonic movement were always contralateral to the ictal side. Automatisms were 86% ipsilateral to the ictal side.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although incidences were low, leg behaviors could provide useful lateralising value of the seizure foci. Clinicians as well as investigators should recognize the value of lower limbs behavior in studies of ictal semiology.
authors.affiliation: Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 112 Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chiang Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Hsiang Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yang Hsin
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Chun Hing
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yiu
authors.forename: Shang Yeong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kwan
authors.forename: Der-Jen
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Yung-Yang
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm / Q000503:physiopathology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D017029:Epilepsy, Complex Partial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000601:surgery*; D014741:Video Recording