title: Identification of potential stroke targets by lentiviral vector mediated overexpression of HIF-1 alpha and HIF-2 alpha in a primary neuronal model of hypoxia.
abstract: The identification of genes differentially regulated by ischemia will lead to an improved understanding of cell death pathways such as those involved in the neuronal loss observed following a stroke. Furthermore, the characterization of such pathways could facilitate the identification of novel targets for stroke therapy. We have used a novel approach to amplify differential gene expression patterns in a primary neuronal model of stroke by employing a lentiviral vector system to specifically bias the transcriptional activation of hypoxically regulated genes. Overexpression of the hypoxia-induced transcription factor subunits HIF-1 alpha and HIF-2 alpha elevated hypoxia-mediated transcription of many known HIF-regulated genes well above control levels. Furthermore, many potentially novel HIF-regulated genes were discovered that were not previously identified as hypoxically regulated. Most of the novel genes identified were activated by a combination of HIF-2 alpha overexpression and hypoxic insult. These included several genes with particular importance in cell survival pathways and of potential therapeutic value. Hypoxic induction of HIF-2 alpha may therefore be a critical factor in mediating protective responses against ischemic injury. Further investigation of the genes identified in this study may provide increased understanding of the neuronal response to hypoxia and may uncover novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Oxford Biomedica Ltd, UK.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Ralph
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parham
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Beard
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Craigon
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rayner
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Kingsman
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Mundy
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Mazarakis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Krige
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020521:Stroke / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D021122:Protein Subunits; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000099162:Endothelial PAS Domain-Containing Protein 1; C497442:HIF1A protein, human