title: Dental caries, oral hygiene, and oral clearance in children with craniofacial disorders.
abstract: The reason that children with cleft palates tend to have a greater prevalence of tooth decay than normal children is unclear. We hypothesized that children with cleft palates would have increased oral clearance times for foods and, consequently, higher levels of caries and caries-associated micro-organisms than control children. Children aged 6-16 yrs, with (n = 81) or without (n = 61) cleft palates, were studied. Children with cleft palates had DMFT and dmft scores greater (p < 0.01) than those of the control group. The number of caries-associated organisms was greater in the saliva of the cleft palate children (all p < 0.001). The oral hygiene, plaque and gingival index scores were greater (p < 0.0001), oral clearance was longer (p < 0.01), and levels of sucrose and starch-derived saccharides higher (p < 0.01) in the cleft palate group. However, salivary concentrations of organic acids were lower in the children with craniofacial disorders, probably reflecting the altered physiology of the more mature dental biofilm. The longer oral clearance times of foods and the consequent generation of fermentable sugars from starches may contribute to the higher caries prevalence observed in children with cleft palates.
authors.affiliation: Dental Caries Research Group, Guy's, King's and St Thomas' Dental Institute, Caldecot Road, Denmark Hill, London, England. SE5 9RW.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ahluwalia
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Brailsford
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tarelli
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barnard
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beighton
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018441:Biofilms; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004245:DMF Index; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D009911:Oral Hygiene Index; D010512:Periodontal Index; D012463:Saliva / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D013213:Starch / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D013213:Starch