title: Vav1 transduces T cell receptor signals to the activation of the Ras/ERK pathway via LAT, Sos, and RasGRP1.
abstract: Vav1 is a signaling protein required for both positive and negative selection of CD4(+)CD8(+) double positive thymocytes. Activation of the ERK MAPK pathway is also required for positive selection. Previous work has shown that Vav1 transduces T cell receptor (TCR) signals leading to an intracellular calcium flux. We now show that in double positive thymocytes Vav1 is required for TCR-induced activation of the ERK1 and ERK2 kinases via a pathway involving the Ras GTPase, and B-Raf, MEK1, and MEK2 kinases. Furthermore, we show that Vav1 transduces TCR signals to Ras by controlling the membrane recruitment of two guanine nucleotide exchange factors. First, Vav1 transduces signals via phospholipase Cgamma1 leading to the membrane recruitment of RasGRP1. Second, Vav1 is required for recruitment of Sos1 and -2 to the transmembrane adapter protein LAT. Finally, we show that Vav1 is required for TCR-induced LAT phosphorylation, a key event for the activation of both phospholipase Cgamma1 and Sos1/2. We propose that reduced LAT phosphorylation is the key reason for defective TCR-induced calcium flux and ERK activation in Vav1-deficient cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immune Cell Biology, National Institute for Medical Research, The Ridgeway, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Lucinda F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Bettignies
authors.forename: Trisha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Norton
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beeser
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chernoff
authors.forename: Victor L J
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Tybulewicz
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000502:physiology*; D020837:SOS1 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020664:Son of Sevenless Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000166:cytology; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; C491734:Lat protein, mouse; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav; C112278:Rasgrp1 protein, mouse; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D020837:SOS1 Protein; D020664:Son of Sevenless Proteins; C116864:Sos2 protein, mouse; C496619:Vav1 protein, mouse; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D051966:Phospholipase C gamma; D018631:ras Proteins