title: Metabolic and endocrine effects of a polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diet in polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: Effects of a polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA)-rich diet were investigated in 17 polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients. After a 3-month habitual diet period, dietary fats were partly replaced with PUFAs for another 3 months. The PUFA-rich diet increased plasma linoleic acid from 28.36 +/- 1.00% to 33.76 +/- 1.08% (P < 0.002) and alpha-linolenic acid from 0.52 +/- 0.03% to 1.06 +/- 0.10% (P < 0.0001). Fasting glucose increased from 76 +/- 3 to 95 +/- 3 mg/dl (4.2 +/- 0.2 to 5.30.2 mmol/liter; P < 0.0001), and the area under the curve for glucose during oral glucose tolerance test increased from 421 +/- 34 to 503 +/- 31 mg/dl (23.4 +/- 1.9 to 27.9 +/- 1.7 mmol/liter; P < 0.001). Plasma insulin did not change either at fasting or during oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting plasma free fatty acids decreased from 0.596 +/- 0.048 to 0.445 +/- 0.058 mg/dl (P = 0.037), and ketone bodies decreased from 9.14 +/- 1.57 to 3.63 +/- 0.62 mg/dl (895 +/- 154 to 356 +/- 61 micromol/liter; P < 0.003). Plasma 15-deoxyprostaglandin J(2) tended to decrease (from 239 +/- 65 to 171 +/- 60 ng/ml; P = 0.053). Plasma testosterone, free testosterone, SHBG, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, LH, FSH, and urinary estrogen conjugates did not change. Urinary pregnanediol 3-glucuronide increased from 18.6 +/- 2.2 to 31.0 +/- 5.7 micro g/mg creatinine (P = 0.038). In conclusion, increased dietary PUFA intake can exert significant metabolic and endocrine effects in women with PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, California 95616, USA. sekarakas@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Sidika E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kasim-Karakas
authors.forename: Rogelio U
authors.initials: RU
authors.lastname: Almario
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gregory
authors.forename: Rodney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.forename: Bill L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Lasley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004702:Endocrine Glands / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000097:blood; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C477819:15-deoxyprostaglandin J2; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D006062:Gonadotropins; D008055:Lipids; D015230:Prostaglandin D2