The effects of chemotherapeutics on cellular metabolism and consequent immune recognition.
Awidely held view is that oncolytic agents induce death of tumor cells directly. In this report we review and discuss the apoptosis-inducing effects of chemotherapeutics, the effects of chemotherapeutics on metabolic function, and the consequent effects of metabolic function on immune recognition. Finally, we propose that effective chemotherapeutic and/or apoptosis-inducing agents, at concentrations that can be achieved physiologically, do not kill tumor cells directly. Rather, we suggest that effective oncolytic agents sensitize immunologically altered tumor cells to immune recognition and immune-directed cell death.
Newell
M Karen
MK
Department of Biology, University of Colorado at Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO 80933-7150, USA. mnewell@uccs.edu
Melamede
Robert
R
Villalobos-Menuey
Elizabeth
E
Swartzendruber
Douglas
D
Trauger
Richard
R
Camley
Robert E
RE
Crisp
William
W