title: Increased levels of tumor necrosis alpha and soluble vascular endothelial adhesion molecule-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with connective tissue diseases and multiple sclerosis.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1) in patients with primary progressive form of multiple sclerosis (MS) and in patients with connective tissue diseases (CTDs) complicated with central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Stimulation of sVCAM-1 release by TNF-alpha was demonstrated on endothelial cells of brain vessels. We intended to present the TNF-alpha stimulated elevation of sVCAM-1 in the serum and CSF in any cases of CNS lesion. Fifty patients with several CTDs complicated with neuropsychiatric symptoms and 25 MS patients with primary chronic progressive form of the disease were selected. Determinations of TNF-alpha and sVCAM-1 were performed using ELISA methods. TNF-alpha and sVCAM-1 concentrations were elevated in the CSF of all patients, intrathecal synthesis of sVCAM-1 was demonstrated in MS patients. The changes in the TNF-alpha and sVCAM-1 concentrations were independent from the clinical manifestations, immunoserological changes and quality of neuropsychiatric symptoms of the CTDs. The stimulatory effect of TNF-alpha was more pronounced in the CSF of MS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroimmunology, National Institute of Rheumatology and Physiotherapy, P.O. Box 54, H-1525 Budapest 114, Hungary. kbaraczka@freemail.hu
authors.forename: Krisztina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baraczka
authors.forename: Teréz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pozsonyi
authors.forename: Ildikó
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Szüts
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ormos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nékám
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D003240:Connective Tissue Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology; D012995:Solubility; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000378:metabolism; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1