title: Clinical course of urinary tract infections in infants younger than 60 days of age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although often managed differently than older children, no study has specifically described the clinical course of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in young infants. Our objective was to determine the risk of progression of illness and the pattern of fever resolution in infants younger than 60 days of age with Gram-negative rod UTIs.
  
  
  METHODS
  We completed a retrospective medical chart review. Patients younger than 60 days of age presenting to an urban, tertiary care pediatric hospital were included if they had single organism growth of Gram-negative rods in any amount from suprapubic aspiration samples or more than 10,000 cfu/mL from catheterized specimens. Significant progression of illness was defined as the need for transfer to an intensive care setting. Fever was defined as a rectal temperature of 38.0 degrees C or higher or an axillary temperature 37.0 degrees C or higher. Temperatures were assigned to blocks of 4 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 128 patients with available records, none were transferred from the general pediatric ward to the intensive care unit and 2 were transferred to a step-down unit for events potentially unrelated to the UTI. No patient had a positive repeat urine culture. For patients with fever, median time to fever resolution was within the 4 to 8 hour time block. Eighty-five percent of the febrile patients became afebrile within 24 hours and only 3.6% were febrile after 48 hours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Progression of illness in infants with Gram-negative rod UTIs is unlikely. Fever resolution is rapid. If subsequent studies concur with our findings, outpatient therapy or short-stay unit admission may become a viable management strategy.
authors.affiliation: The Children's Hospital of New York-Presbyterian, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons.
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Dayan
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.forename: Jonathan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Langsam
authors.forename: Steven Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006751:Hospital Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents