title: A new Q/QS pattern on the resting electrocardiogram is associated with impaired insulin secretion and a poor prognosis in elderly men independently of history of myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate risk factors and prognosis of subjects who had developed a new Q/QS pattern on the resting electrocardiogram (ECG) in relation to history of myocardial infarction (MI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional and prospective population-based cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Uppsala, Sweden.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 1970-73, all 50-year-old men in Uppsala, were invited to participate in a health survey aimed at identifying risk factors for cardiovascular disease. The present study included the 1221 subjects who also were re-examined at age 70.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with a new Q/QS pattern on the resting ECG at age 70 were characterized by impaired insulin secretion compared with those without Q/QS, and a higher prevalence of diabetes compared with the control group. In Cox proportional hazard analysis a new Q/QS pattern at age 70 was a significant predictor of cardiovascular mortality (hazard ratio : 1.67, 95% CI: 1.22-2.26) and total mortality (hazard ratio: 1.31, 95% CI: 1.04-1.62) (after age 70) during 9.4 years follow-up, also when adjusted for other risk factors and MI diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding of a new Q/QS pattern on the resting ECG, regardless of history of MI was associated with impaired insulin secretion and was an independent predictor of total and cardiovascular mortality. Therefore, these subjects must be given a high priority to preventive measures against both coronary heart disease and diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences/Geriatrics Medical Sciences, Uppsala University, Akademiska sjukhuset, Uppsala, Sweden. kristina.dunder@pubcare.uu.se
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dunder
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zethelius
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lithell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011379:Prognosis; D012146:Rest; D012307:Risk Factors; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin