Neutrophil depletion attenuates interleukin-8 production in mild-overstretch ventilated normal rabbit lung.
OBJECTIVE
Acute lung injury induced by lung overstretch is associated with neutrophil influx, but the pathogenic role of neutrophils in overstretch-induced lung injury remains unclear.


METHODS
To assess the contribution of neutrophils, we compared the effects of noninjurious large tidal volume (Vt) ventilation on lungs in normal and neutrophil-depleted animals.


METHODS
Research animal laboratory.


METHODS
Twenty-six male Japanese white rabbits.


METHODS
Animals were mechanically ventilated for 4 hrs with one of the three following protocols: large Vt (20 mL/kg), small Vt (8 mL/kg), and large Vt (20 mL/kg) with neutrophil depletion achieved by a single dose of vinblastine injection (0.75 mg/kg) intravenously 4 days before the experiment.


RESULTS
Large Vt ventilation produced alveolar neutrophil influx compared with low Vt (p =.002) without evidence of edema or increased epithelial permeability. The neutrophil influx was accompanied by increases in interleukin-8 in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (p =.04). Immunohistochemistry of large Vt lungs showed increased interleukin-8 staining in bronchial epithelial cells, alveolar epithelium, alveolar macrophages, and smooth muscles of pulmonary vessels. Neutrophil depletion attenuated the interleukin-8 increase in the lung. Large Vt did not increase plasma interleukin-8 or tumor necrosis factor-alpha in plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. No expression of p-selectin or intercellular adhesion molecule-1 was observed.


CONCLUSIONS
Cyclic overstretching of normal rabbit lungs with noninjurious large Vt produced neutrophil influx and interleukin-8 increase in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Production of pulmonary interleukin-8 by lung overstretch might require the interaction between resident lung cells and migrated neutrophils. This study suggests that large Vt ventilation potentiates the predisposed, subclinical lung injury, such as nosocomial pneumonia or aspiration of gastric contents.
Kotani
Mariko
M
Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, Japan.
Kotani
Toru
T
Ishizaka
Akitoshi
A
Fujishima
Seitaro
S
Koh
Hidefumi
H
Tasaka
Sadatomo
S
Sawafuji
Makoto
M
Ikeda
Eiji
E
Moriyama
Kiyoshi
K
Kotake
Yoshifumi
Y
Morisaki
Hiroshi
H
Aikawa
Naoki
N
Ohashi
Akira
A
Matsushima
Kouji
K
Huang
Yuh-Chin T
YC
Takeda
Junzo
J
D000818:Animals; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology*; D011661:Pulmonary Stretch Receptors / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000276:immunology
D016209:Interleukin-8