title: G protein signaling: insights from new structures.
abstract: A large body of experimental evidence exists that links heterotrimeric guanosine triphosphate-binding protein (G protein) structure to function. The determination of the crystal structures of G proteins in various activational states and, more recently, in complexes with effectors and other signaling partners highlights the varied mechanisms involved in G protein regulation. Signaling complexes, such as the recently solved complex of Gbetagamma and G protein receptor kinase 2 (GRK2), provide new insights into the mechanisms underlying the regulation of these highly conserved signaling molecules. In this Review, we discuss the latest findings and their implications for G protein-signaling paradigms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232-6600, USA.
authors.forename: Anita M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Preininger
authors.forename: Heidi E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Hamm
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020836:Protein Structure, Quaternary / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins