title: Percutaneous peritoneal drainage for intraperitoneal bladder perforations during transurethral resection of bladder tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate the safety and efficacy of percutaneous drainage of the peritoneal cavity using an 8F pigtail catheter placed under ultrasound guidance in cases of intraperitoneal perforation of the bladder as a result of transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TURBT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three patients undergoing TURBT had inadvertent but significant intraperitoneal perforations of the bladder. All patients developed signs and symptoms of peritonism despite large catheters draining the bladder. An 8F pigtail catheter (Boston Scientific, Watertown, MD, USA) was inserted percutaneously under ultrasound guidance with local anesthetic infiltration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All three patients made a good recovery without needing a laparotomy. Cystograms a week later confirmed an intact bladder. Clinical review revealed no sequelae as a result of the perforation or its treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Percutaneous drainage of the abdomen in patients with intraperitoneal perforation of the bladder during TURBT is a safe alternative to laparotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Basquill House, Stepping Hill Hospital, Stockport SK2 7JE, U.K. armanikan@aol.com
authors.forename: Ramaswamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manikandan
authors.forename: Niall
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lynch
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Grills
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000293:injuries*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*