title: Comparison of different extraction techniques for the determination of chlorinated pesticides in animal feed.
abstract: The performances of Soxhlet extraction, dive-in Soxhlet extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), fluidized-bed extraction (FBE), and ultrasonic extraction (UE) for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides in animal feed have been investigated. ASE and MAE provided significantly better extraction efficiency than Soxhlet extraction. The concentrations were 126.7 and 114.8%, respectively, of the values obtained by classical Soxhlet extraction, whereas the results from FBE and dive-in Soxhlet were comparable with those from the standard Soxhlet procedure. The reproducibility of FBE was the best, with RSDs ranging from 0.3 to 3.9%. Under the investigated operation conditions UE was not efficient, with the recoveries of target compounds being about 50% less than Soxhlet. Additionally, the performances of Soxhlet, dive-in Soxhlet, MAE, ASE and FBE were validated by determination of the certified reference material BCR-115. The results from the extraction techniques were in good agreement with the certified values.
authors.affiliation: Graz University of Technology, Institute for Analytical Chemistry, Micro- and Radiochemistry, Technikerstr. 4, 8010 Graz, Austria. gfrerer@analytchem.tugraz.at
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gfrerer
authors.forename: Shuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ernst P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Lankmayr
authors.forename: Xie
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: Fenglin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010575:Pesticides