title: Management of adult blunt splenic injuries: comparison between level I and level II trauma centers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The factors important in determining outcome when managing adult blunt splenic injuries continue to be debated. Whether trauma center level designation (Level I versus Level II) affects patient management has not been evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective analysis of prospectively gathered data from the Pennsylvania Trauma Outcome Study database that collected information from 27 statewide trauma centers (Level I [15], Level II [17]). Adult patients (ages > or = 16 years) with blunt splenic injuries (ICD-9-CM 865) were evaluated. Demographic data, injury data, and trauma center level designation were collected, and patient management, length of stay, and mortality were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 2,138 adult patients who suffered blunt splenic injuries during the study period (1998-2000). Patients treated at Level II trauma centers (n = 772) had a higher rate of operative treatment (38.2% versus 30.7%) (p < 0.001), but a shorter mean length of stay (10.1 +/- 0.4 versus 12.0 +/- 0.4 days) (p < 0.01) compared with patients in Level I trauma centers (n = 1,366). The rate of failure of nonoperative treatment was lower at Level II trauma centers (13.0% versus 17.6%) (p < 0.05), but the mortality for patients managed nonoperatively was higher (8.4% versus 4.5%) (p < 0.05). Splenorrhaphy was performed more frequently in Level I trauma centers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Management differences exist in the treatment of adult blunt splenic injuries between institutions of different trauma center level designation. Multicenter studies should account for this finding in design and implementation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, F1264-200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Brian G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Harbrecht
authors.forename: Mazen S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Zenati
authors.forename: Juan B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Ochoa
authors.forename: Ricard N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Townsend
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Puyana
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Andrew B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Peitzman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D010414:Pennsylvania / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013154:Spleen / Q000293:injuries*; D013156:Splenectomy; D014193:Trauma Centers / Q000145:classification* / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*