title: Outcome assessment of patients undergoing maxillofacial procedures for the treatment of sleep apnea: comparison of subjective and objective results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the subjective findings of the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) to the objective findings of the overnight sleep study (OSS) in 57 patients who underwent phase I and phase II surgery for the correction of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two patients in phase I category (hyoid suspension, palatal surgery, and/or genioglossus advancement) and 15 patients in phase II category (maxillomandibular advancement) were examined. All patients had an OSS and completion of an ESS preoperatively and at a minimum of 8 weeks postoperatively. The results of each test were evaluated to examine any relationship between the improvements of the findings of the OSS to the changes in the ESS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using accepted criteria, phase I surgery produced an 80% success rate and phase II surgery produced a greater than 95% success rate in both the respiratory disturbance index and the ESS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1) Both phase I and phase II procedures are effective in treating OSA. 2) Phase II appears to be more effective in treating OSA using both objective and subjective evaluations. 3) Improvement in ESS scores and excessive daytime sleepiness seems to parallel the improvement in OSS scores in patients undergoing surgical correction of OSA.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral and Maxilofacial Surgery, Mercy Hospital Medcial Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15219, USA. dattiloandhall2@stargate.net
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Dattilo
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Drooger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D017286:Polysomnography; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000145:classification* / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D012894:Sleep Stages; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014851:Wakefulness