title: Prophylactic stenting of the inferior vena cava before transcatheter embolization of renal cell carcinomas: an alternative to filter placement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the use of the self-expanding Wallstent as an alternative to prophylactic inferior vena cava (IVC) filter placement before embolization of renal carcinomas with tumor thrombus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients, a 71-year-old man and an 88-year-old woman, were diagnosed with extensive tumor infiltration of the IVC secondary to renal cell carcinomas. Prophylactic placement of an IVC filter before transcatheter embolization was unsuccessful in both cases; a reduced space for deployment would have left part of the filter inside the right atrium. Instead, a Wallstent was used to constrain the tumor thrombus against the vessel wall and, at the same time, protect the patency of the contralateral kidney. Adequate patencies were confirmed 9 months after stenting in the first patient and after 19 days in the second patient. There were no clinical manifestations of pulmonary embolism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wallstent implantation is an alternative prophylactic measure before transarterial embolization of renal carcinomas if IVC filters cannot be placed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan. armando@med.kobe-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Carlos Armando
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Zamora
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Takeki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Takanori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Masakatsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsurusaki
authors.forename: Kenta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Izaki
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Kazuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugimura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; D015607:Stents; D014654:Vascular Patency; D016306:Vena Cava Filters; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*