title: Stenting or stoma creation for patients with inoperable malignant colonic obstructions? Results of a study and cost-effectiveness analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the present study was to compare the efficacy, safety, and cost of endoscopic palliative treatment with selfexpanding metallic stents with that of stoma creation in the management of inoperable malignant colonic obstructions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 30 patients with inoperable malignant partial obstruction (due to metastases, hemodynamic instability, or pulmonary instability) in the left colon arising from colorectal or ovarian cancer were included in the study. Fifteen were randomized to undergo palliative metallic colonic stent placement and 15 to undergo stoma creation. The efficacy and safety of the two methods was compared. A cost-effectiveness analysis was also performed, including the cost of postinterventional care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stents were placed successfully in 14 of 15 patients. In one patient with obstruction of a tortuous rectosigmoid flexure colon, stenting was not possible; this patient was excluded from the study. During the follow-up period, a moderate, nonocclusive ingrowth of tumor into the stent lumen was observed in six patients; they were all treated with internal laser ablation. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed that although the stoma creation procedure was less expensive, the total difference in average costs for the two methods was 6.9% (132 Euros).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Self-expanding metallic stent placement is a palliative alternative to colostomy for patients with inoperable malignant colonic strictures. This treatment option provides a better quality of life for the patient, without the psychological repercussions of a colostomy, and it appears to be cost-effective.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Saint Savvas Cancer Hospital, Parnassou 35, 152 34, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xinopoulos
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dimitroulopoulos
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Theodosopoulos
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsamakidis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bitsakou
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Plataniotis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gontikakis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kontis
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Paraskevas
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vassilobpoulos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Paraskevas
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D003125:Colostomy / Q000191:economics; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D018450:Disease Progression; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D010166:Palliative Care; D015607:Stents / Q000191:economics; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome