title: 18F-FDG uptake in squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix is correlated with glucose transporter 1 expression.
abstract: This prospective study investigates the relationship between glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1) expression and PET images using (18)F-FDG and its uptake and compares them with the tumor status (primary vs. recurrent or persistent), initial grade of histologic differentiation, and International Federation of Gynecologic Obstetrics (FIGO) staging for cervical cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A dual-phase (18)F-FDG PET scan was performed on 51 participants within the 2 wk before surgery or biopsy. (18)F-FDG uptake was quantified by calculating standardized uptake values (SUVs). After (18)F-FDG PET scanning, 51 histologically proven squamous cell carcinoma specimens were examined to determine their degree of differentiation, using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and the expression of Glut-1 by an immunohistochemical stain. Twenty normal cervical and 20 cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) sets of tissue were also used to compare the results of Glut-1 expression in these tissues. The expression of Glut-1 was the product of (the intensity [with grades 0-3, defined qualitatively]) with (percentages of the lesion area that were positive). The results of Glut-1 expression were analyzed in combination with the SUVs (SUV1 was that at 40 min and SUV2 was that at 3 h), tumor status, initial cell differentiation, and FIGO staging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant overexpression of Glut-1 was noted in 48 of the 51 (94.1%) cancer specimens. None or only minimal expression of Glut-1 was observed in basal layers of normal and CIN tissues. Significant positive correlation was observed between Glut-1 expression and the SUVs in cervical cancer specimens (r = 0.74, P < 0.000 for SUV1 and r = 0.65, P < 0.000 for SUV2). In recurrent or persistent tumor, tumor size was significantly associated with both Glut-1 expression (r = 0.508, P = 0.011) and SUV1 (r = 0. 456, P = 0.025). For recurrent or persistent tumor, only SUV1 reached statistical significance when compared with lymph node metastasis (P = 0.0226).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Glut-1 expression was related to (18)F-FDG uptake in cervical cancer patients. Recurrent or persistent cervical cancer tumor had significantly higher Glut-1 expression than metastatic lymph nodes. The values of SUV and the expression of Glut-1 did not correlate with the initial grade of histologic differentiation and FIGO staging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Chen
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Lai-Chu
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: See
authors.forename: Chyong-Huey
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Chou Wu
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Yah-Huei
authors.forename: Koon-Kwan
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Shih-Ya
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Wuu-Jyh
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jenn-Tzong
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-Jie
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chiung-Ru
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Swei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hsueh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18