Examination of population-wide trends in barriers to cancer screening from a diffusion of innovation perspective (1987-2000).
BACKGROUND
Barriers to cancer screening may change over time as screening becomes more widespread.


METHODS
Using 1987, 1992, and 2000 National Health Interview Survey data, we examined population-wide trends in barriers to Pap, mammography, and colorectal screening (n =66,452).


RESULTS
Lack of awareness was the most common barrier for all screening tests; it decreased by 13.5 percentage points for mammography and by 4.6 percentage points for colorectal screening, but increased by 3.0 percentage points for Pap test from 1987 to 2000. Decreases in not recommended by a doctor were observed for mammography (from 20.5% to 3.7%) and colorectal screening (from 22.3% to 14.2%). Examination of trends in barriers among sociodemographic and health care access subgroups revealed disparities for each screening test.


CONCLUSIONS
Although population-wide progress has been made in reducing barriers to screening, lack of awareness, and not recommended by a doctor remain important barriers, especially among traditionally underserved populations.
Finney Rutten
Lila J
LJ
Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, and Health Communication and Informatics Research Branch, Division of Cancer Control and Population Science, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. finneyl@mail.nih.gov
Nelson
David E
DE
Meissner
Helen I
HI
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D012923:Social Class; D014481:United States; D014626:Vaginal Smears / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*