title: A molecular biologic study of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in HIV-infected patients in Lima, Peru.
abstract: A cross-sectional study was conducted to examine the genotype distribution of Enterocytozoon bieneusi in HIV-infected patients who visited two government hospitals in Lima, Peru from January 2000 through March 2003. Microsporidia were detected by microscopy in 105 (3.9%) of 2,672 patients. A total of 212 stool samples from 89 microsporidia-positive patients were genotyped by sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene. A 392-bp fragment containing the complete ITS region was amplified and sequenced. Multiple alignments and phylogenetic analysis of these ITS sequences identified 11 distinct genotypes of E. bieneusi (Peru-1 to Peru-11), 6 of which were new genotypes not reported before. The remaining 5 genotypes had nucleotide sequences identical to those previously reported in humans, cats, pigs, and wild mammals. All the 11 E. bieneusi-genotypes identified are genetically related, and members of the group have been previously found in humans, domestic animals, and some wild mammals. Thus, there is a high genetic diversity of E. bieneusi in humans in Peru, and zoonotic transmission is possible if humans are in close contact with infected animals.
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Irshad M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.forename: Caryn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bern
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gilman
authors.forename: Vitaliano
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cama
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ticona
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vivar
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000469:parasitology*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D017931:DNA Primers; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D021862:Enterocytozoon / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000469:parasitology*; D006801:Humans; D016881:Microsporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015995:Prevalence; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D016054:DNA, Protozoan