title: [Distribution of virulence associated genes among strains of Leptospira].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze factors related to the virulence associated genes of Leptospires.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve putative virulence associated genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method in 38 reference strains, 81 field strains of Leptospira interrogans isolated from patients or animals, and 12 avirulent strains of Leptospira biflexa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  These putative virulent genes were widely distributed among the strains of Leptospira interrogans, but only few of them were detected in Leptospira biflexa. Gene lipL32 was detected in all strains of Leptospira interrogans. Distribution of gene lipL36 was varied significantly with detected rates from 0 to 90.91%. Gene la1608 had a positive rate of 87.50% for strains of serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae, but was only detected in few strains of other serogroups with a range from 0 to 25.00%. Rate of detection on gene sphA was 17.65% in Leptospira interrogans, and was absent in serovar hardjo reference strain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicated that these genes might be of importance for the virulence and pathogenicity of Leptospira interrogans, while gene lipL32 might be one of the common antigens. Gene lipL36 might be involved in serogroup specificity with genetic diversity, but gene la1608 was as one of the genes with specificity for serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae. However, serovar hadjo might hold quite different genetic characteristics when compared with the other serovars of Leptospires.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiu-gao
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yi-xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Yu-chun
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Jian-guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002237:Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics; D005408:Flagellin / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007919:Leptospira / Q000235:genetics* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C406589:LipL32 protein, Leptospira; D008074:Lipoproteins; C443499:SphH protein, Leptospira interrogans; D037521:Virulence Factors; C081904:ompL1 protein, Leptospira; D005408:Flagellin; C416532:flaB flagellin; D002237:Carbohydrate Dehydrogenases; C107144:dTDP-4-dehydrorhamnose reductase