title: The essential involvement of cross-talk between IFN-gamma and TGF-beta in the skin wound-healing process.
abstract: Several lines of in vitro evidence suggest the potential role of IFN-gamma in angiogenesis and collagen deposition, two crucial steps in the wound healing process. In this report, we examined the role of IFN-gamma in the skin wound healing process utilizing WT and IFN-gamma KO mice. In WT mice, excisional wounding induced IFN-gamma mRNA and protein expression by infiltrating macrophages and T cells, with a concomitant enhancement of IL-12 and IL-18 gene expression. Compared with WT mice, IFN-gamma KO mice exhibited an accelerated wound healing as evidenced by rapid wound closure and granulation tissue formation. Moreover, IFN-gamma KO mice exhibited enhanced angiogenesis with augmented vascular endothelial growth factor mRNA expression in wound sites, compared with WT mice, despite a reduction in the infiltrating neutrophils, macrophages, and T cells. IFN-gamma KO mice also exhibited accelerated collagen deposition with enhanced production of TGF-beta1 protein in wound sites, compared with WT mice. Furthermore, the absence of IFN-gamma augmented the TGF-beta1-mediated signaling pathway, as evidenced by increases in the levels of total and phosphorylated Smad2 and a reciprocal decrease in the levels of Smad7. These results demonstrate that there is crosstalk between the IFN-gamma/Stat1 and TGF-beta1/Smad signaling pathways in the wound healing process.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Tatsunori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayasu
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwakura
authors.forename: Naofumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mukaida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology; D006097:Granulation Tissue / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016513:Mice, SCID; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000276:immunology; D020556:Neutrophil Infiltration / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D020382:Interleukin-18; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma