title: Resistance to HIV-1 entry inhibitors.
abstract: Resistance-testing technology has been incorporated into the standard of care for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection and therapy with protease and reverse transcriptase inhibitors. Inhibitors of HIV-1 entry represent an emerging mode of antiretroviral therapy, and HIV-1 entry inhibitors encompass three mechanistically distinct classes of agents known as attachment inhibitors, coreceptor inhibitors, and fusion inhibitors. Each class of agent has demonstrated promise in controlled clinical trials, and understanding the determinants and evolution of viral resistance will be critical for the optimal development and deployment of these new treatment classes. Advances in resistance-testing technologies have paralleled the development of HIV-1 entry inhibitor therapies, and the available data support the notion that attachment, coreceptor and fusion inhibitors offer complementary modes of therapy and distinct resistance profiles.
authors.affiliation: Progenics Pharmaceuticals, Inc, 777 Old Saw Mill River Road, Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA. olson@progenics.com
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Maddon
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000494:pharmacology; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001596:Benzylamines; D016860:CD4 Immunoadhesins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000080027:Cyclams; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D000077560:Enfuvirtide; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000494:pharmacology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; C451732:BMS 806; D001596:Benzylamines; D016860:CD4 Immunoadhesins; C096753:CD4-IgG(2); D000080027:Cyclams; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010879:Piperazines; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D000077560:Enfuvirtide; C119369:TAK 779; C088327:plerixafor