title: The effectiveness of ESP (Electronic Stability Program) in reducing real life accidents.
abstract: ESP (Electronic Stability Program) has recently been introduced onto the market in an effort to reduce the number and severity of loss-of-control automobile accidents. This reduction is expected to be particularly evident for accidents on roads with low friction (e.g., wet or icy conditions). This study aimed to evaluate the statistical effectiveness of ESP using data from accidents that occurred in Sweden during 2000 to 2002. To control for exposure, induced exposure methods were used, where ESP-sensitive to ESP-insensitive accidents and road conditions were matched in relation to cars equipped with and without ESP. Cars of similar, or in some cases identical, make and model were used to isolate the role of ESP. As predicted, the study showed a positive effect of ESP in circumstances where road surfaces have low friction. The overall effectiveness was 22.1 (+/-21) percent, while for accidents on wet roads, the effectiveness increased to 31.5 (+/-23.4) percent. On roads covered with ice and snow, the corresponding effectiveness was 38.2 (+/-26.1) percent. In addition, ESP was found to be effective for three different types of cars: small front-wheel drive; large front-wheel drive; and large rear-wheel drive.
authors.affiliation: Swedish National Road Administration, Borlänge, Sweden. anders.lie@vv.se
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lie
authors.forename: Claes
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tingvall
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Krafft
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kullgren
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004581:Electronics; D017276:Friction; D006801:Humans; D013548:Sweden