title: Hearing and vision screening program for school-aged children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hearing and vision screening programs for school-aged children are common, yet little is known about their impact.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate Michigan's screening program, in which local health department (LHD) staff screen school-aged children using standardized protocols.
  
  
  METHODS
  This project was completed in three phases: interviews with officials and screening technicians from ten LHDs, audit of LHD records regarding outcomes of screening during the 2000-2001 school year, and telephone interviews with randomly selected parents of children with an abnormal screen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Variations in LHD program implementation pertained to methods for tracking outcomes, screening of older children, parental notification of screening results, and availability of follow-up hearing clinics. According to LHD records, documentation of follow-up examination after an abnormal screen was low (hearing 27%, vision 25%). In contrast, most parents reported follow-up (74% hearing, 76% vision), and many reported that this resulted in treatment (50% hearing, 74% vision). In logistic regression modeling, the odds of follow-up after hearing or vision screening according to parents was not associated with income, health insurance status, or race/ethnicity. For hearing screening, the odds of follow-up decreased with school grade (p <0.001); however, the proportion who received treatment did not vary by grade. For vision screening, follow-up did not vary by grade, but the proportion who received treatment increased with grade (p =0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to parent reports, most children had follow-up after an abnormal screen, and the majority of these children received treatment. Screening school-aged children for sensory impairment appears to be an important public health function.
authors.affiliation: Child Health Evaluation and Research Unit, Division of General Pediatrics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. kempera@med.umich.edu
authors.forename: Alex R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kemper
authors.forename: Kathryn E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Fant
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bruckman
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D003266:Continuity of Patient Care; D006311:Hearing Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D006320:Hearing Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D008824:Michigan; D010290:Parents; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011635:Public Health Administration; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012572:School Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D015351:Vision Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*