title: Cryptosporidium species and genotypes in HIV-positive patients in Lima, Peru.
abstract: Cryptosporidium parasites from a cross-sectional study conducted in two national hospitals in Lima, Peru were genetically characterized to determine the diversity of Cryptosporidium spp. in HIV-positive people. A total of 2,672 patients participated in this study and provided 13,937 specimens. Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected by microscopy in 354 (13.3%) of the patients. Analysis of 951 Cryptosporidium-positive specimens from 300 patients using a small subunit rRNA-based PCR-RFLP tool identified 6 genotypes; Cryptosporidium hominis was the species most frequently detected (67.5%), followed by C. meleagridis (12.6%) and C. parvum (11.3%). Cryptosporidium canis (4.0%), C. felis (3.3%), and Cryptosporidium pig genotype (0.5%) were also found. These findings indicate that C. hominis is the predominant species in Peruvian HIV-positive persons, and that zoonotic Cryptosporidium spp. account for about 30% of cryptosporidiosis in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Vitaliano A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Cama
authors.forename: Caryn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bern
authors.forename: I M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Sulaiman
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Gilman
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ticona
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vivar
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Lihua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000469:parasitology; D000818:Animals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005838:Genotype; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000469:parasitology*; D006801:Humans; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology