title: Concordance for disease course and age of onset in Scandinavian multiple sclerosis coaffected sib pairs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Investigation of coaffected sib pairs is one method to determine the genetic influence on the clinical presentation of many complex diseases, such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Investigation of the clinical concordance in coaffected sib pairs may be a prerequisite to identify genes that modify the clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate a possible genetic influence on selected demographic and clinical variables among familial Scandinavian MS cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We identified 136 Caucasian Scandinavian families with MS coaffected sib pairs from Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Cohen's kappa coefficient and the intraclass correlation coefficient were used to assess concordances in sib pairs. Furthermore, clinical features and HLA-DR2 carrier status were compared among the probands of sib pairs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significant concordance of the disease course (kappa = 0.28, P < 0.001) and adjusted age of onset (r = 0.23, P = 0.028). Among probands of sib pairs, HLA-DR2 carrier patients had a younger age of onset (P = 0.024).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Analyses of Scandinavian coaffected sib pairs suggest that disease course and age of onset are partly under genetic control. Furthermore, HLA-DR2 in probands of sib pairs suggests importance for age of onset.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. annette@oturai.net
authors.forename: Annette Bang
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Oturai
authors.forename: Lars P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Ryder
authors.forename: Sten
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fredrikson
authors.forename: Kjell-Morten
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Myhr
authors.forename: Elisabeth G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Celius
authors.forename: Hanne Flinstad
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Harbo
authors.forename: Oluf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akesson
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hillert
authors.forename: Hans O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Madsen
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nyland
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spurkland
authors.forename: Pameli
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Svejgaard
authors.forename: Per S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Sorensen
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015802:HLA-DR2 Antigen / Q000235:genetics; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D012537:Scandinavian and Nordic Countries / Q000453:epidemiology; D035781:Siblings
chemical_list: D015802:HLA-DR2 Antigen