title: Seasonal affective disorder and the G-protein beta-3-subunit C825T polymorphism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G-proteins) have been implicated in affective disorders, with reports of altered signal transduction and G-protein levels. Association with seasonal affective disorder (SAD) has been found for the higher activity T-allele of the G-protein beta-3-subunit C825T polymorphism.
  
  
  METHODS
  European SAD patients (n = 159) and matched controls (n = 159) were genotyped for the C825T. Seasonality and diurnal preference were investigated in subsets of the material (n = 177 and 92, respectively).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found no association between C825T and SAD (chi(2) =.09, p =.96) or seasonality (F = 1.76, p =.18). There was some evidence for an effect on diurnal preference but only in the control group (n = 46, t = -2.8, Bonferroni corrected p =.045).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the G-protein beta-3-subunit 825 T-allele does not play a major role in susceptibility to seasonal affective disorder in the population studied.
authors.affiliation: Neurogenetics Unit, Department of Molecular Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine L8:00, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska Hospital, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Matthäeus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Willeit
authors.forename: Liviu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aron
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Smedh
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ekholm
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Paunio
authors.forename: Tuula
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kieseppä
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lichtermann
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Praschak-Rieder
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neumeister
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasper
authors.forename: Leena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peltonen
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adolfsson
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Partonen
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schalling
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003596:Cytosine; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016574:Seasonal Affective Disorder / Q000235:genetics*; D013941:Thymine
chemical_list: C454420:G-protein beta3 subunit; D003596:Cytosine; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D013941:Thymine