title: Extracellular replication of Listeria monocytogenes in the murine gall bladder.
abstract: The bacterium Listeria monocytogenes can cause a life-threatening systemic illness in humans. Despite decades of progress in animal models of listeriosis, much remains unknown about the processes of infection and colonization. Here, we report that L. monocytogenes can replicate in the murine gall bladder and provide evidence that its replication there is extracellular and intraluminal. In vivo bioluminescence imaging was employed to determine the location of the infection over time in live animals, revealing strong signals from the gall bladder over a period of several days, in diseased as well as asymptomatic animals. The data suggest that L. monocytogenes may be carried in the human gall bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: DeBoer
authors.forename: Pauline
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: Christopher H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Contag
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000382:microbiology*; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology; D049449:Luminescence; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009154:Mutation; D013154:Spleen / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014774:Virulence