title: [Metabolic alterations related to syndrome X and low vitamin E levels in obese children with acanthosis nigricans].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In adults, both metabolic alterations related to syndrome X and lower plasma vitamin E levels have been associated with an increased risk of developing cardiovascular disease.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the presence of metabolic alterations related to syndrome X and to determine the plasma levels of vitamin E in obese children with acanthosis nigricans.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a prospective study in 42 obese children [15 with acanthosis nigricans (AN) and 27 without]. Thirteen healthy non-obese children were also studied. After a 12-hour fast, plasma levels of glucose, insulin, triglycerides, cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, and vitamin E were determined. The insulin resistance index was also calculated. Differences between groups were determined using ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Obese children with AN showed higher plasma levels of insulin and triglycerides and lower plasma levels of HDL-cholesterol and vitamin E, as well as a higher insulin resistance index than non-obese children and obese children without AN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In obese children, the presence of acanthosis nigricans is linked to a group of metabolic alterations associated with a higher risk of developing cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Area de Pediatría y Neonatología. Fundación Hospital Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain. bbjbonet@fhalcorcon.es
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bonet Serra
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Vera
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cocho Gómez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quintanar Rioja
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bueno Campaña
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Espino Hernández
mesh_terms: D000052:Acanthosis Nigricans / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*; D014811:Vitamin E Deficiency / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D014810:Vitamin E