Dose-dependent neutralizing-antibody responses to vaccinia.
To evaluate the humoral immune responses to smallpox-vaccine stocks currently available in the United States (Dryvax; Wyeth) and to generate data for comparison of responses to newly produced lots of smallpox vaccine, we evaluated dose-response effects, using undiluted and diluted smallpox vaccine. At 28 and 56 days after vaccination, serum samples were obtained from vaccinated subjects (N=674) who had participated in a randomized, single-blinded trial of an undiluted or a 1 : 5 or 1 : 10 dilution of smallpox vaccine and who subsequently were tested for plaque-reduction neutralizing-antibody titer. All subjects who developed a vesicle after vaccination also developed neutralizing antibodies by day 28. Subjects given either a 1 : 5 or 1 : 10 dilution of vaccinia had significantly higher neutralizing-antibody titers than did subjects given undiluted vaccine. Larger lesion size and fever after vaccination were associated with significantly higher neutralizing-antibody titers after vaccination.
Belshe
Robert B
RB
Center for Vaccine Development, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. belsherb@slu.edu
Newman
Frances K
FK
Frey
Sharon E
SE
Couch
Robert B
RB
Treanor
John J
JJ
Tacket
Carol O
CO
Yan
Lihan
L
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001768:Blister / Q000473:pathology; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D014481:United States; D014611:Vaccination; D014615:Vaccinia / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine