Overweight and obesity mortality trends in Canada, 1985-2000.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the temporal trends in the mortality burden attributed to overweight and obesity in Canada between 1985 and 2000.


METHODS
Overweight and obesity prevalence data from six cross-sectional national population surveys, including the 1985 and 1990 Health Promotion Surveys, 1994, 1996 and 1998 National Population Health Surveys, and 2000 Canadian Community Health Survey, in conjunction with one published prospective cohort study on overweight, obesity and mortality.


METHODS
Adults 20-64 years of age.


METHODS
The number of deaths attributable to overweight and obesity at the national and provincial levels. Attributable deaths were estimated using the Population Attributable Risk (PAR), which combined the prevalence data with the relative risks of mortality associated with overweight and obesity. A two-way sensitivity analysis was conducted by simultaneously varying the population prevalences and relative risk estimates by +/-10%.


RESULTS
Between 1985 and 2000, the national PAR for overweight and obesity increased from 5.1% to 9.3%, and the annual number of deaths attributable to overweight and obesity increased from 2,514 (966-4,061) to 4,321 (2,114-6,542). Cumulatively, 57,181 (25,075-89,227) deaths were attributed to overweight and obesity between 1985 and 2000. Although overweight- and obesity-related mortality is increasing in every province, the problem is particularly pronounced in Eastern Canada.


CONCLUSIONS
Overweight and obesity are important public health problems in Canada, accounting for approximately 57,000 deaths over the last 15 years. Immediate and sweeping public health campaigns and interventions are required to slow or reverse the recent trends.
Katzmarzyk
Peter T
PT
Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, School of Physical and Health Education. katzmarz@post.queensu.ca
Ardern
Christopher I
CI
D000328:Adult; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D016018:Least-Squares Analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000401:mortality*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment