title: Epstein-Barr virus-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder after a cord blood stem cell transplantation presenting with pulmonary nodules.
abstract: Sixteen months after a cord blood stem cell transplantation, a 6-year-old girl was diagnosed with Epstein-Barr virus-associated posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (EBV-PTLD). A CT scan revealed nodules in both lungs, but the patient had neither lymphadenopathy nor other lesions. The diagnosis was confirmed by histopathologic evaluation and the increased level of EBV DNA in the peripheral blood. The patient was successfully treated with rituximab, and a complete regression of the tumors was achieved. This case reveals the need to include EBV-PTLD in the differential diagnosis of pulmonary nodules, as well as demonstrating that rituximab may be effective treatment of EBV-PTLD after cord blood stem cell transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimasaki
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Makio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morio
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Okamoto
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001752:Blast Crisis; D002648:Child; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D008232:Lymphoproliferative Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D000069283:Rituximab; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D000069283:Rituximab