title: [Remifentanil is an effective alternative to propofol for patient-controlled analgesia during digestive endoscopic procedures].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Unlike propofol, the self-administration of remifentanil for sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopies has never been evaluated formally. We wanted to compare the efficacy and tolerance of patient self-administration of remifentanil vs propofol during gastrointestinal endoscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective randomized, single-blinded study, included 77 patients undergoing gastrointestinal endoscopy. Patients were divided into two groups: group R received remifentanil (5 microg.kg(-1).hr(-1) infusion, 25 microg boli, refractory period of five minutes) and group P received propofol (2 mg.kg(-1).hr(-1) infusion, 0.5 mg.kg(-1) boli, refractory period of ten minutes). A 1 mg.kg(-1) bolus of propofol was administered before the procedure began in cases of marked anxiety. Additional boli of 25 microg of remifentanil or 0.5 mg.kg(-1) of propofol were administered when patients complained during the refractory period. The evaluation targeted analgesic efficacy during the procedure and patient satisfaction. The degree of sedation during the procedure and the occurrence of adverse reactions were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient satisfaction was high and comparable in both groups, with the number of awake and oriented patients being significantly higher in group R. Hemodynamic and respiratory tolerance was comparable in both groups, despite two episodes of desaturation in group R. The incidence of nausea was significantly higher in group R.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The self-administration of remifentanil for sedation during gastrointestinal endoscopies is as effective as the self-administration of propofol and can be offered to patients, especially when it is desirable that they remain conscious during the procedure.
authors.affiliation: Du Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation, Hôtel-Dieu, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bouvet
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Allaouchiche
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Duflo
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Debon
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chassard
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boselli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled / Q000379:methods*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010880:Piperidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077208:Remifentanil; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D010880:Piperidines; D000077208:Remifentanil; D015742:Propofol