title: Interaction between chloroquine sulphate and aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (Meliaceae) in rabbits.
abstract: This study was carried out to investigate the effect of concurrent oral administration of aqueous leaf extract of Azadirachta indica (Meliaceae) on the pharmacokinetic properties of chloroquine sulphate in experimental rabbits. The results indicated that concurrent administration of both agents resulted in a significant decrease in serum concentration, slower absorption and elimination as well as longer half-life of chloroquine sulphate. The highest relative decrease of 78.0% was recorded 4 hours after concurrent administration, while the smallest decrease (64.6%) occurred 24 hours after concurrent administration. Significant reductions were also noted in some pharmacokinetic parameters of chloroquine and included the area under the curve (71.9%), maximum serum concentration (69.8%), absorption rate constant (37.3%), elimination rate constant (53.9%), clearance rate (76.5%) and volume of distribution (47.2%). However, there was a pronounced increase in the half-life of the drug (125.7%).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka Enugu State, Nigeria. svnwafor@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Sunday Vitalis
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Nwafor
authors.forename: Peter Achunike
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Akah
authors.forename: Charles Obgonnaya
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Okoli
authors.forename: Adaoma Chinaemerem
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Onyirioha
authors.forename: Chukwuemeka Sylvesta
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Nworu
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D031601:Azadirachta; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006207:Half-Life; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D016488:Medicine, African Traditional; D009549:Nigeria; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; D002738:Chloroquine