title: Evaluation of genital sites and sampling techniques for detection of human papillomavirus DNA in men.
abstract: To evaluate methods for detection of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA in men, samples were obtained from 3 consecutive groups of 10 men attending a sexually transmitted disease clinic by use of (1) a saline-wetted Dacron swab alone, (2) a saline-wetted cytobrush, or (3) emery paper (600A-grit Wetordry Tri-M-ite; 3M) abrasion followed by a saline-wetted Dacron swab. By use of a polymerase chain reaction-based assay, 45% of emery-paper samples were found to be positive for beta-globin, compared with 23% of swab-alone and 0% of cytobrush samples. Subsequently, emery paper and saline-wetted Dacron swabs were used to obtain penile shaft, glans, foreskin, and scrotum samples from 318 male university students. Urine samples were also obtained. Of 1323 samples tested, 1288 (97%) were found to be positive for beta-globin. HPV DNA was detected in samples from 104 men (33%): 24% from the penile shaft, 16% from the glans, 28% from the foreskin, 17% from the scrotum, and 6% in urine. The HPV prevalence was similar for circumcised and uncircumcised men. Testing multiple sites increased the number of men for whom HPV DNA was detected.
authors.affiliation: Center for AIDS & STD Research, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Harborview Medical Center, 325 9th Avenue, Box 359931, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. bethanyg@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Bethany A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.forename: Qinghua
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: King K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kiviat
authors.forename: Shu-Kuang
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Koutsky
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002944:Circumcision, Male; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010413:Penis / Q000821:virology; D012611:Scrotum / Q000821:virology; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods; D014412:Tumor Virus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014556:Urine / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral