title: Analysis of gyrA and parC mutations in enterococci from environmental samples with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin.
abstract: The quinolone resistance determining regions of gyrA and parC in four species of enterococci from environmental samples with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin were sequenced. The nucleotide sequence variations of parC could be related to the different enterococcal species. Mutations in Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium related to reduced susceptibility were identical to mutations detected in E. faecalis and E. faecium of clinical origin. A minimal inhibitory concentration of 8 microg ml(-1) to ciprofloxacin was not associated with any mutations in the gyrA and parC gene of Enterococcus casseliflavus and Enterococcus gallinarum. These two species may be intrinsically less susceptible to ciprofloxacin.
authors.affiliation: The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Stigbøjlen 4, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. andp@kvl.dk
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Lars Bogø
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV; D027081:DNA Gyrase