title: Identification of plastid envelope proteins required for import of protochlorophyllide oxidoreductase A into the chloroplast of barley.
abstract: Chloroplasts synthesize an abundance of different tetrapyrrole compounds. Among them are chlorophyll and its precursor protochlorophyllide (Pchlide), which accumulate in light- and dark-grown plants, respectively. Pchlide is converted to chlorophyllide by virtue of the NADPH:Pchlide oxidoreductase (POR), which, in angiosperms, is the only known light-dependent enzyme of the chlorophyll biosynthetic pathway. In etiolated barley plants, two closely related POR proteins exist termed PORA and PORB, which are nuclear gene products. Here we identified plastid envelope proteins that interact with the cytosolic PORA precursor (pPORA) during its posttranslational chloroplast import. We demonstrate that pPORA interacts with several previously unreported components. Among them is a Pchlide a oxygenase, which provides Pchlide b as import substrate for pPORA, and a tyrosine aminotransferase thought to be involved in the synthesis of photoprotective vitamin E. Two other constituents were found to be orthologs of the GTP-binding proteins Toc33/34 and of the outer plastid envelope protein Oep16.
authors.affiliation: Université Joseph Fourier et Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5575, BP53, F-38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France. steffen.reinbothe@ujf-grenoble.fr
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reinbothe
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Quigley
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schemenewitz
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reinbothe
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010105:Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D010777:Photochemistry; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018087:Plastids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D021381:Protein Transport; D011521:Protochlorophyllide / Q000378:metabolism; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000378:metabolism; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011521:Protochlorophyllide; D010105:Oxygenases; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; C023886:protochlorophyllide reductase; D014444:Tyrosine Transaminase; D024505:Tocopherols