title: Binding affinity of bunazosin, dorzolamide, and timolol to synthetic melanin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the binding affinity of bunazosin and dorzolamide to synthetic melanin relative to that of timolol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Synthetic melanin was prepared from dopa by the action of tyrosinase. Timolol, dorzolamide, and bunazosin were incubated separately at a concentration of 10(-4) M in 2 ml of 0.066 M phosphate buffer containing 5 mg of synthetic melanin. After centrifugation, the absorbance of each free drug in the supernatant was measured at its optimum wavelength. The percentage of each drug bound to melanin was calculated directly from the change in absorbance relative to the initial value.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The increase in the binding rates of all three drugs seemed to reach a plateau after 30 min. After incubating for 60 min, the binding rate of timolol was 22.2% +/- 4.9%, bunazosin 36.3% +/- 2.5%, and dorzolamide 8.5% +/- 1.9%. There were statistically significant differences between the binding rates of each drug.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under our study conditions, the order of binding affinity of these ocular hypotensive agents to synthetic melanin seems to be as follows: bunazosin>timolol>dorzolamide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan. ykiuchi@onh.go.jp
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kiuchi
authors.forename: Nobue
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Terakawa
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Nami
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D008543:Melanins / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000378:metabolism*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000378:metabolism*; D013999:Timolol / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D008543:Melanins; D011799:Quinazolines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013876:Thiophenes; D013999:Timolol; C062765:dorzolamide; C018176:bunazosin