title: Genes controlling seed dormancy and pre-harvest sprouting in a rice-wheat-barley comparison.
abstract: Pre-harvest sprouting results in significant economic loss for the grain industry around the world. Lack of adequate seed dormancy is the major reason for pre-harvest sprouting in the field under wet weather conditions. Although this trait is governed by multiple genes it is also highly heritable. A major QTL controlling both pre-harvest sprouting and seed dormancy has been identified on the long arm of barley chromosome 5H, and it explains over 70% of the phenotypic variation. Comparative genomics approaches among barley, wheat and rice were used to identify candidate gene(s) controlling seed dormancy and hence one aspect of pre-harvest sprouting. The barley seed dormancy/pre-harvest sprouting QTL was located in a region that showed good synteny with the terminal end of the long arm of rice chromosome 3. The rice DNA sequences were annotated and a gene encoding GA20-oxidase was identified as a candidate gene controlling the seed dormancy/pre-harvest sprouting QTL on 5HL. This chromosomal region also shared synteny with the telomere region of wheat chromosome 4AL, but was located outside of the QTL reported for seed dormancy in wheat. The wheat chromosome 4AL QTL region for seed dormancy was syntenic to both rice chromosome 3 and 11. In both cases, corresponding QTLs for seed dormancy have been mapped in rice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, 3 Baron-Hay Court, WA 6151, South Perth, Australia. cli@agric.wa.gov.au
authors.forename: Chengdao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Peixiang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Francki
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schibeci
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tarr
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cakir
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bellgard
authors.forename: Reg
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lance
authors.forename: Rudi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Appels
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D001467:Hordeum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D026801:Synteny; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C089210:gibberellin, 2-oxoglutarate-oxygen oxidoreductase (20-hydroxylating, oxidizing)