title: Co-existence of recent and ancestral nucleotide sequences in viral quasispecies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 patients.
abstract: In human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection, the presence of divergent nucleotide sequences within a quasispecies has been associated with double infections or samples from different times or from different tissue compartments. The authors analysed HIV-1 proviral quasispecies from PBMC of three untreated Spanish patients displaying highly divergent nucleotide sequences without evidence of double infection. The origin of these nucleotide sequences was determined by phylogenetic analysis and by dating of the different groups using a genetic divergence versus sampling year plot from a set of Spanish samples. By their short genetic distance to the node of the patient's HIV-1 phylogenetic tree and by their early date of origin, close to the seroconversion time, some groups of sequences were considered ancestral. The presence within HIV-1 quasispecies of ancestral sequences, dated up to 10 years earlier than present ones, has important consequences for in vivo viral evolution, in the pathogenesis and treatment of HIV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid 28220, Spain.
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bello
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid 28220, Spain.
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casado
authors.affiliation: Centro Sanitario Sandoval (CSS), Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28010, Spain.
authors.forename: Soledad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: García
authors.affiliation: Centro Sanitario Sandoval (CSS), Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28010, Spain.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.affiliation: Centro Sanitario Sandoval (CSS), Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28010, Spain.
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Del Romero
authors.affiliation: Centro Nacional de Microbiología (CNM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid 28220, Spain.
authors.forename: Cecilio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: López-Galíndez
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013030:Spain; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120