title: Clinical outcome of surgical treatment of the symptomatic accessory navicular.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  When conservative treatment fails to provide relief for a symptomatic accessory navicular, surgical intervention may be necessary. Numerous studies have been published, reporting the results of the traditional Kidner procedure and alternative surgical techniques, all of which produce mostly satisfactory clinical outcomes. The purpose of this study was to report the clinical results, utilizing the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) Midfoot Scale, of surgical management for symptomatic accessory navicular with simple excision and anatomic repair of the tibialis posterior tendon.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively reviewed the results of 13 consecutive patients (14 feet) who underwent surgical treatment for symptomatic accessory navicular. The patients ranged in age from 16 to 64 years (average, 34.1 years; mean, 28.2 years) at the time of surgery. All patients had a type II accessory navicular. The average follow-up of the patients involved in the study was 103.4 months (range, 45-194 months). The AOFAS Midfoot Scale was utilized to determine both preoperative and postoperative clinical status of the 14 feet included in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average preoperative AOFAS score was 48.2 (range, 20-75; mean, 38.8). The average postoperative AOFAS score was 94.5 (range, 83-100; mean, 94.3). At last follow-up, 13 of 14 feet were without any pain, no patients had activity limitations, and only two of 14 feet required shoe insert modification. Postoperatively, no patients had a clinically notable change in their preoperative midfoot longitudinal arch alignment. All of the patients in the study were satisfied with the outcome of their surgery and would undergo the same operation again under similar circumstances.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When conservative measures fail to relieve the symptoms of a painful accessory navicular, simple excision of the accessory navicular and anatomic repair of the posterior tibialis tendon is a successful intervention. Overall, the procedure provides reliable pain relief and patient satisfaction. In the current study, the clinical status of each patient improved significantly postoperatively, quantified utilizing the AOFAS Midfoot Scale.
authors.affiliation: Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. franz_kopp@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Franz J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Kopp
authors.forename: Randall E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Marcus
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot; D005530:Foot Deformities / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013639:Tarsal Bones / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome