title: [From the craftsman to the specialist physician. The professional rise of surgeons].
mesh_terms: D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D003718:Denmark; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000266:history; D005602:France; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education / Q000266:history*; D005858:Germany; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D008131:London; D008512:Medicine in the Arts; D010151:Paintings; D012425:Russia (Pre-1917)
vernacular_title: Vom Handwerker zum Facharzt: Der professionelle Aufstieg der Chirurgen.