Nutrition influences skeletal development from childhood to adulthood: a study of hip, spine, and forearm in adolescent females.
This study evaluated the long-term efficacy of supplemental calcium and dairy products on bone mineral areal density of the hip and spine and on the bone geometry and volumetric bone mineral density of the forearm in young females during late adolescence. The study was conducted among participants of a randomized double-blinded, placebo-controlled clinical trial with calcium supplements and among participants of an observational study with higher consumption of dairy products. Hip and spine measurements by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry were done every 6 mo (dairy group every 12 mo) during last 3 y of the follow-up while peripheral quantitative computerized tomography of the forearm was done at the last visit. The results of the study show a positive influence of calcium supplementation and dairy products on bone mineral density of the hip and the forearm. Dairy products were also associated with a higher bone mineral density of the spine while calcium supplementation did not have an effect. Calcium exerts its action on bone accretion during growth primarily by influencing volumetric bone mineral density while milk may have an additional impact on bone growth and periosteal bone expansion.
Matkovic
Velimir
V
Osteoporosis Prevention and Treatment Center, Departments of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Medicine, and Nutrition, Davis Medical Research Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. matkovic.1@osu.edu
Landoll
John D
JD
Badenhop-Stevens
Nancy E
NE
Ha
Eun-Yeong
EY
Crncevic-Orlic
Zeljka
Z
Li
Bin
B
Goel
Prem
P
D000293:Adolescent; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D003611:Dairy Products; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D013131:Spine / Q000254:growth & development*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D044465:White People
D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D004044:Dietary Proteins