Immune system versus tumor: shifting the balance in favor of DCs and effective immunity.
Despite the initial excitement over cancer vaccines, the clinical effectiveness of immunotherapy has been disappointing. The suppressive milieu present within established tumors inhibits effective immune responses, although new strategies are emerging to manipulate the local tumor microenvironment and shift the balance back to a proinflammatory environment, promote DC activation, and enhance tumor immunity.
Department of Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA. hlk2003@columbia.edu
Howard L
HL
Kaufman
Mary L
ML
Disis
D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000502:physiology; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007249:Inflammation; D008954:Models, Biological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype
D019496:Cancer Vaccines