Calcium-permeable alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/kainate receptors mediate development, but not maintenance, of secondary allodynia evoked by first-degree burn in the rat.
Intrathecal pretreatment with N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonists blocks development of spinal sensitization in a number of pain models. In contrast, secondary mechanical allodynia evoked by thermal injury (52.5 degrees C for 45 s) applied to the hind paw of the rat is not blocked by intrathecal pretreatment with NMDA receptor antagonists. It is, however, blocked by antagonists to the non-NMDA, alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid/kainate (AMPA/KA) and calcium-permeable AMPA/KA receptors. These findings suggest a role for these receptors in the development of spinal sensitization. The present study used the same thermal injury model to assess the effects of the AMPA/KA receptor antagonist 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione (CNQX) and specific calcium-permeable AMPA/KA receptor antagonists philanthotoxin (PHTx) and joro spider toxin (JST) when given as postinjury treatments. Intrathecal saline injection at 5 and 30 min postinjury had no effect on thermal injury-evoked allodynia as measured by calibrated von Frey filaments. In contrast, 36 nmol of CNQX given at either time point reversed allodynia. Intrathecal 13 nmol of PHTx or 9 nmol of JST (higher doses than that required for pretreatment) reversed allodynia at the 5-min time point, but neither drug was antiallodynic at the 30-min time point. Thus, secondary mechanical allodynia in this model is not maintained by calcium-permeable AMPA/KA receptors, but instead requires activation of calcium-impermeable AMPA/KA receptors. This finding supports a role for AMPA/KA receptor function in responses occurring during spinal sensitization.
Jones
Toni L
TL
Department of Anesthesiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0818, USA.
Sorkin
Linda S
LS
D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002056:Burns / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D009044:Motor Cortex; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017288:Pain Threshold; D051381:Rats; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000502:physiology*; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors / Q000502:physiology*; D013111:Spider Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology
D018750:6-Cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione; D002118:Calcium; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D007608:Kainic Acid; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors; D013111:Spider Venoms; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; C044936:JSTX spider toxin