Breast screening outcomes in women with and without a family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer.
OBJECTIVE
To compare breast screening outcomes between women with a moderate or strong family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer with those without such a history.


METHODS
The Ontario Breast Screening Programme (OBSP) is a population-based programme offering mammography and clinical breast examination to Ontario women of 50 and older.


METHODS
Data from a cohort of 143,574 women screened by the OBSP from 1996 to 1997 were included. Referral rates, cancer detection rates, positive predictive values and the histological features of screen-detected cancers were examined within family history groups, age groups and screening modalities. Logistic regression analysis of cancer detection was conducted to adjust for potential confounding variables; subgroup analysis by hormone replacement therapy (HRT) use was also undertaken.


RESULTS
Compared with women with no family history, women with a moderate or strong family history of breast and/or ovarian cancer were more likely to have their cancer detected (odds ratio [OR]=1.44, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.20-1.74 and OR=1.42, 95% CI 1.10-1.83, respectively). Among women using HRT, however, there was no association observed between family history and cancer detection (moderate: OR=0.98, 95% CI 0.65-1.48; strong: OR=1.17, 95% CI 0.68-2.02) with history. The histological features of invasive tumours were similar among family history groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Greater cancer detection rates and high proportions of invasive tumours with good prognosis indicate that women aged 50 and over with a family history may have the potential to benefit from regular breast cancer screening. Further studies are required to identify optimal screening guidelines and to examine whether HRT reduces the ability to detect cancer in these women.
Division of Preventive Oncology, Cancer Care Ontario, 620 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 2L7, Canada. erika.hapaly@cancercare.on.ca
E E
EE
Halapy
A M
AM
Chiarelli
N
N
Klar
J
J
Knight
D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D016504:Breast Self-Examination / Q000379:methods*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000379:methods*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors