Gene expression profile of the nucleus accumbens of human cocaine abusers: evidence for dysregulation of myelin.
Chronic cocaine abuse induces long-term neural adaptations as a consequence of alterations in gene expression. This study was undertaken to identify those transcripts differentially regulated in the nucleus accumbens of human cocaine abusers. Affymetrix microarrays were used to measure transcript abundance in 10 cocaine abusers and 10 control subjects matched for age, race, sex, and brain pH. As expected, gene expression of cocaine- and amphetamine-regulated transcript (CART) was increased in the nucleus accumbens of cocaine abusers. The most robust and consistent finding, however, was a decrease in the expression of a number of myelin-related genes, including myelin basic protein (MBP), proteolipid protein (PLP), and myelin-associated oligodendrocyte basic protein (MOBP). The differential expression seen by microarray for CART as well as MBP, MOBP, and PLP was verified by RT-PCR. In addition, immunohistochemical experiments revealed a decrease in the number of MBP-immunoreactive oligodendrocytes present in the nucleus accumbens and surrounding white matter of cocaine abusers. These findings suggest a dysregulation of myelin in human cocaine abusers.
Albertson
Dawn N
DN
Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neurosciences, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan 48201, USA.
Pruetz
Barb
B
Schmidt
Carl J
CJ
Kuhn
Donald M
DM
Kapatos
Gregory
G
Bannon
Michael J
MJ
D000328:Adult; D002452:Cell Count; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D018991:Myelin Proteolipid Protein / Q000235:genetics; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000235:genetics*; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein / Q000235:genetics; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009836:Oligodendroglia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012016:Reference Values; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000098882:Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Protein
C560487:MOBP protein, human; C571326:MOG protein, human; D004676:Myelin Basic Protein; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D018991:Myelin Proteolipid Protein; D018992:Myelin-Associated Glycoprotein; D063308:Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000098882:Cocaine- and Amphetamine-Regulated Transcript Protein