Independent component analysis of dynamic brain responses during visuomotor adaptation.
To investigate the spatial and temporal changes in electro-cortical brain activity and hand kinematics during the acquisition of an internal model of a novel screen-cursor transformation, we employed single-trial infomax independent component analysis (ICA), spectral estimation, and kinematics methods. Participants performed center-out drawing movements under normal and rotated visual feedback of pen movements displayed on a computer screen. Clustering of task-related and adaptation-related independent components identified a selective recruitment of brain activation/deactivation foci associated with the exposure to the distorted visual feedback, including networks associated with frontal-, central-, and lateral-posterior alpha rhythms, and frontal-central error-related negativity potential associated with transient theta and low beta rhythms locked to movement onset. Moreover, adaptation to the rotated reference frame was associated with a reduction in the imposed directional bias and decreases in movement path length and movement time by late-exposure trials, as well as after-effects after removal of the visual distortion. The underlying spatiotemporal pattern of activations is consistent with recruitment of frontal-parietal, sensory-motor, and anterior cingulate cortical areas during visuomotor adaptation.
Contreras-Vidal
José L
JL
Department of Kinesiology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA. pepeum@umd.edu
Kerick
Scott E
SE
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011999:Recruitment, Neurophysiological / Q000502:physiology; D012399:Rotation; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology