Complete or partial seroreversion in immunocompetent individuals after self-limited HCV infection: consequences for transfusion.
BACKGROUND
The disappearance of anti-HCV antibodies over time, after a self-limited infection, also referenced seroreversion, has been observed. The frequency of this phenomenon remains controversial, especially in immunocompetent subjects. However, it has important implications in the context of transfusion inquiries, in particular in case of a blood donor suspected to have transmitted HCV through a past blood donation.


METHODS
Our findings are presented of a longitudinal study, including 16 patients from a cohort of 78 immunocompetent, multitransfused individuals who were positive for anti-HCV (EIA and confirmatory assay [RIBA]) and followed over a long period of time without having received any antiviral therapy. The aim was to establish whether a past and self-resolved HCV infection could evolve toward a negative serology.


RESULTS
The 16 patients were classified in three groups: 1) 12 patients who remained anti-HCV positive with no evolution in their RIBA pattern after a mean follow-up of 7.6 years; 2) one patient who presented a complete seroreversion 6 years after enrollment; and 3) three patients with a partial seroreversion over a mean follow-up of 16 years.


CONCLUSIONS
HCV infection is not always characterized by a persistent antibody response, even in immunocompetent individuals. This should be taken into consideration when transfusion inquiries are conducted.
Laboratory of Hematology, Hospital of Amiens, Paris, France.
Jean-Jacques
JJ
Lefrère
Robert
R
Girot
François
F
Lefrère
Nicolas
N
Guillaume
Joelle
J
Lerable
Nadine
N
Le Marrec
Françoise
F
Bouchardeau
Syria
S
Laperche
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000276:immunology* / Q000635:transmission*; D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence; D007700:Kinetics; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence
D018937:Hepatitis C Antibodies