Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient cells show an increased propensity for oxidant-induced senescence.
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is involved in the generation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) and the maintenance of cellular redox balance. We previously showed that G6PD-deficient fibroblasts undergo growth retardation and premature cellular senescence. In the present study, we demonstrate abatement of both the intracellular G6PD activity and the ratio NADPH/NADP(+) during the serial passage of G6PD-deficient cells. This was accompanied by a significant increase in the level of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG). This suggests that the lowered resistance to oxidative stress and accumulative oxidative damage may account for the premature senescence of these cells. Consistent with this, the G6PD-deficient cells had an increased propensity for hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced senescence; these cells exhibited such senescent phenotypes as large, flattened morphology and increased senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-beta-Gal) staining. Decreases in both the intracellular G6PD activity and the NADPH/NADP(+) ratio were concomitant with an increase in 8-OHdG level in H(2)O(2)-induced senescent cells. Exogenous expression of G6PD protected the deficient cells from stress-induced senescence. No significant telomere shortening occurred upon repetitive treatment with H(2)O(2). Simultaneous induction of p16(INK4a) and p53 was detected in G6PD-deficient but not in normal fibroblasts during H(2)O(2)-induced senescence. Our findings support the notion that G6PD status, and thus proper redox balance, is a determinant of cellular senescence.
Graduate Institute of Medical Biotechnology and Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Science, Chang Gung University, Kwei-san, Tao-yuan, Taiwan.
Mei-Ling
ML
Cheng
Hung-Yao
HY
Ho
Yi-Hsuan
YH
Wu
Daniel Tsun-Yee
DT
Chiu
D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000378:metabolism; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity; D009249:NADP / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D016615:Telomere / Q000502:physiology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D001616:beta-Galactosidase
D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D009249:NADP; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D003849:Deoxyguanosine