Adoptive immunotherapy for posttransplantation viral infections.
Viral diseases are a major cause of morbidity and mortality after hemopoietic stem cell transplantation. Because viral complications in these patients are clearly associated with the lack of recovery of virus-specific cellular immune responses, reconstitution of the host with in vitro expanded cytotoxic T lymphocytes is a potential approach to prevent and treat these diseases. Initial clinical studies of cytomegalovirus and Epstein-Barr virus in human stem cell transplant patients have shown that adoptively transferred donor-derived virus-specific T cells may restore protective immunity and control established infections. Preclinical studies are evaluating this approach for other viruses while strategies for generating T cells specific for multiple viruses to provide broader protection are being evaluated in clinical trials. The use of genetically modified T cells or the use of newer suicide genes may result in improved safety and efficacy.
Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, Baylor College of Medicine, The Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Catherine M
CM
Bollard
Ingrid
I
Kuehnle
Ann
A
Leen
Cliona M
CM
Rooney
Helen E
HE
Heslop
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D005260:Female; D018390:Gene Targeting; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*
D000956:Antigens, Viral