Do trials of perpetrators retraumatize crime victims?
Attendance at trials of perpetrators could be retraumatizing for crime victims suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder. To investigate this hypothesis, two studies were conducted in which retraumatization was defined as a significant increase in posttraumatic stress reactions. A cross-sectional study of 137 victims of rape and nonsexual assault revealed that trial variables do virtually not predict posttraumatic stress reactionsat a time several years after trial. A longitudinal study of 31 victims of rape and nonsexual assault revealed intraindividual stability of posttraumatic stress reactions for the time interval from a few weeks before the trial to a few weeks after the trial; in addition, interindividual stability was high. The results of both studies do not support the retraumatization hypothesis, which should therefore be used with caution.
Department of Psychology, University of Berne, Switzerland. ulrich.orth@psy.unibe.ch
Ulrich
U
Orth
Andreas
A
Maercker
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000523:psychology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011902:Rape / Q000523:psychology; D012008:Recurrence; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology*