Telephone-induced seizures: a new type of reflex epilepsy.
OBJECTIVE
To report a new form of reflex epilepsy in which the seizures are repeatedly and exclusively triggered by answering the telephone.


METHODS
Three patients with a history of telephone-induced seizures were studied in detail by means of clinical, EEG, and neuroradiologic investigations. Intensive video-EEG monitoring to record the reflex seizures also was performed in all cases.


RESULTS
The patients (two men, one woman, aged 21 to 30 years) had the onset during early adulthood of complex partial and secondarily generalized seizures exclusively triggered by answering the telephone. The seizures were stereotyped, with subjective auditory or vertiginous auras and inability to speak or understand the spoken voices. In one patient, a telephone-induced seizure arising from the dominant temporal lobe was recorded by means of video-EEG technique. In the interictal EEGs, temporal abnormalities were detected in all cases. The patients had a normal neurologic examination and normal magnetic resonance imaging or computed tomography scans.


CONCLUSIONS
We suggest that telephone epilepsy is a previously unrecognized form of reflex epilepsy induced by a complex auditory stimulus involving the lateral temporal areas.
Department of Neurosciences, Division of Neurology, Bellaria Hospital, Bologna, Italy. roberto.michelucci@ausl.bo.it
Roberto
R
Michelucci
Elena
E
Gardella
Gerrit-Jan
GJ
de Haan
Francesca
F
Bisulli
Anna
A
Zaniboni
Gaetano
G
Cantalupo
Carlo
C
Alberto Tassinari
Paolo
P
Tinuper
Carlo
C
Nobile
Paolo
P
Nichelli
Dorothée G A
DG
Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité
D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004569:Electroencephalography; D017029:Epilepsy, Complex Partial / Q000175:diagnosis; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000175:diagnosis; D020195:Epilepsy, Reflex / Q000145:classification* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013689:Telephone; D009626:Terminology as Topic
D000927:Anticonvulsants; D002220:Carbamazepine