Environmental genome shotgun sequencing of the Sargasso Sea.
We have applied "whole-genome shotgun sequencing" to microbial populations collected en masse on tangential flow and impact filters from seawater samples collected from the Sargasso Sea near Bermuda. A total of 1.045 billion base pairs of nonredundant sequence was generated, annotated, and analyzed to elucidate the gene content, diversity, and relative abundance of the organisms within these environmental samples. These data are estimated to derive from at least 1800 genomic species based on sequence relatedness, including 148 previously unknown bacterial phylotypes. We have identified over 1.2 million previously unknown genes represented in these samples, including more than 782 new rhodopsin-like photoreceptors. Variation in species present and stoichiometry suggests substantial oceanic microbial diversity.
Venter
J Craig
JC
Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives, 1901 Research Boulevard, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. jcventer@tcag.org
Remington
Karin
K
Heidelberg
John F
JF
Halpern
Aaron L
AL
Rusch
Doug
D
Eisen
Jonathan A
JA
Wu
Dongying
D
Paulsen
Ian
I
Nelson
Karen E
KE
Nelson
William
W
Fouts
Derrick E
DE
Levy
Samuel
S
Knap
Anthony H
AH
Lomas
Michael W
MW
Nealson
Ken
K
White
Owen
O
Peterson
Jeremy
J
Hoffman
Jeff
J
Parsons
Rachel
R
Baden-Tillson
Holly
H
Pfannkoch
Cynthia
C
Rogers
Yu-Hui
YH
Smith
Hamilton O
HO
D001105:Archaea / Q000235:genetics*; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics*; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000235:genetics; D044822:Biodiversity; D019295:Computational Biology; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D017753:Ecosystem; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells; D019766:Genes, Archaeal; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D020745:Genome, Archaeal; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D023281:Genomics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010802:Phylogeny; D010957:Plasmids; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000235:genetics; D025604:Rhodopsins, Microbial; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014871:Water Microbiology
D025604:Rhodopsins, Microbial; C413548:proteorhodopsin; D012243:Rhodopsin