Crystal structures of the catalytic domain of phosphodiesterase 4B complexed with AMP, 8-Br-AMP, and rolipram.
Phosphodiesterase catalyzes the hydrolysis of the intracellular second messenger 3',5'-cyclic AMP (cAMP) into the corresponding 5'-nucleotide. Phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE4), the major cAMP-specific PDE in inflammatory and immune cells, is an attractive target for the treatment of asthma and COPD. We have determined crystal structures of the catalytic domain of PDE4B complexed with AMP (2.0 A), 8-Br-AMP (2.13 A) and the potent inhibitor rolipram (2.0 A). All the ligands bind in the same hydrophobic pocket and can interact directly with the active site metal ions. The identity of these metal ions was examined using X-ray anomalous difference data. The structure of the AMP complex confirms the location of the catalytic site and allowed us to speculate about the detailed mechanism of catalysis. The high-resolution structures provided the experimental insight into the nucleotide selectivity of phosphodiesterase. 8-Br-AMP binds in the syn conformation to the enzyme and demonstrates an alternative nucleotide-binding mode. Rolipram occupies much of the AMP-binding site and forms two hydrogen bonds with Gln443 similar to the nucleotides.
Xu
Robert X
RX
Department of Computational, Analytical and Structural Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, 5 Moore Drive, V-180, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. robert.x.xu@gsk.com
Rocque
Warren J
WJ
Lambert
Millard H
MH
Vanderwall
Dana E
DE
Luther
Michael A
MA
Nolte
Robert T
RT
D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000737:chemistry; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D020889:Rolipram / Q000737:chemistry; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D055672:Static Electricity
D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; C051606:8-bromoadenosine 5'-triphosphate; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; C517360:PDE4B protein, human; D020889:Rolipram