Distinct roles for Src tyrosine kinase in beta2-adrenergic receptor signaling to MAPK and in receptor internalization.
G protein-coupled receptors form the largest family of membrane receptors and transmit diverse ligand signals to modulate various cellular responses. After activation by their ligands, some of these G protein-coupled receptors are desensitized, internalized (endocytosed), and down-regulated (degraded). In HEK 293 cells, the G(s)-coupled beta2-adrenergic receptor was postulated to initiate a second wave of signaling, such as the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway after the receptor is internalized. The tyrosine kinase c-Src plays a critical role in these events. Here we used mouse embryonic fibroblast (MEF) cells deficient in Src family tyrosine kinases to examine the role of Src in beta2-adrenergic receptor signaling to the MAPK pathway and in receptor internalization. We found that in Src-deficient cells the beta2-adrenergic receptor could activate the MAPK pathway. However, the internalization of beta2-adrenergic receptors was blocked in Src-deficient MEF cells. Furthermore, we observed that in MEF cells deficient in beta-arrestin 2 the internalization of the beta2-adrenergic receptor was impaired, whereas the activation of the MAPK pathway by the beta2-adrenergic receptor was normal. Our data demonstrate that although Src and beta-arrestin 2 play essential roles in beta2-adrenergic receptor internalization, they are not required for the activation of the MAPK pathway by the beta2-adrenergic receptor. In other words, our finding suggests that receptor internalization is not required for beta2-adrenergic receptor signaling to the MAPK pathway in MEF cells.
Huang
Jianyun
J
Department of Physiology, Cornell University Weill Medical College, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Sun
Yutong
Y
Huang
Xin-Yun
XY
D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D021381:Protein Transport; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases