Glycosaminoglycans reduce oxidative damage induced by copper (Cu+2), iron (Fe+2) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in human fibroblast cultures.
Acid glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) antioxidant activity was assessed in a fibroblast culture system by evaluating reduction of oxidative system-induced damage. Three different methods to induce oxidative stress in human skin fibroblast cultures were used. In the first protocol cells were treated with CuSO4 plus ascorbate. In the second experiment fibroblasts were exposed to FeSO4 plus ascorbate. In the third system H2O2 was utilised. The exposition of fibroblasts to each one of the three oxidant systems caused inhibition of cell growth and cell death, increase of lipid peroxidation evaluated by the analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA), decrease of reduced glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) levels, and rise of lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDH). The treatment with commercial GAGs at different doses showed beneficial effects in all oxidative models. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin-4-sulphate (C4S) exhibited the highest protection. However, the cells exposed to CuSO4 plus ascorbate and FeSO4 plus ascorbate were better protected by GAGs compared to those exposed to H2O2. These outcomes confirm the antioxidant properties of GAGs and further support the hypothesis that these molecules may function as metal chelators.
Department of Biochemical, Physiological and Nutritional Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Messina, Policlinico Universitario, 98125 Messina, Italy. gcampo@unime.it
Giuseppe M
GM
Campo
Angela
A
D'Ascola
Angela
A
Avenoso
Salvatore
S
Campo
Alida M
AM
Ferlazzo
Carmelo
C
Micali
Laura
L
Zanghì
Alberto
A
Calatroni
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*
D000975:Antioxidants; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D003300:Copper; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase