[HIV-2 and HTLV-I/II infections in Spain].
Up to December 2002, a total of 56, 566 and 109 cases of human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I), HTLV-II and human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) infection, respectively, were identified in Spain. Most HTLV-I- and HIV-2-infected subjects were immigrants from endemic areas or Spaniards who had traveled to, or had sexual contacts with natives from, these areas. In contrast, HTLV-II infection was mainly limited to Spanish intravenous drug users (IDU) who were frequently coinfected with HIV-1. Among HTLV-I-infected patients, 12 developed subacute myelopathy and 4 adult T-cell leukemia. As for the HIV-2-positive subjects, only 20 (18.3%) developed AIDS. There was no evidence of an increase in the incidence of HIV-2 and HTLV-I infections over time. In contrast, HTLV-II infection has spread in recent years among the HIV-1-positive IDU population in prisons, with a rate of 18% in some regions of Spain. Nevertheless, the prevalence of HTLV-II infection in HIV-1-positive IDU outpatients is still low (4.7%).
Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid. Spain.
Carlos
C
Toro
Berta
B
Rodés
Antonio
A
Aguilera
Estrella
E
Caballero
Rafael
R
Benito
Sylvina
S
Bassani
Carmen
C
Rodríguez
Concepción
C
Tuset
Raúl
R
Ortiz de Lejarazu
José
J
Eirós
Juan
J
García
Enrique
E
Calderón
Francisco J
FJ
Capote
Alejandro
A
Vallejo
Maite
M
Gutiérrez
Vicente
V
Soriano
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D015491:HTLV-II Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D011329:Prisoners; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012042:Registries / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology; D065227:Transfusion Reaction; D014195:Travel