Oral vaccination against diphtheria using polyacryl starch microparticles as adjuvant.
Oral vaccination offers the advantage of eliciting both a mucosal and a systemic immune response. This study investigated the use of polyacryl starch microparticles as adjuvant for oral vaccination against diphtheria. Diphtheria toxin or cross-reacting material (CRM197) were covalently conjugated to the microparticles and fed to mice by oral gavage. Investigation of formaldehyde treatment as a means of either detoxifying (diphtheria toxin) or stabilising (CRM197) these formulations were also made. We show that all our formulations given orally or parenterally to mice induced a strong systemic immune response. Only formulations given orally induced a mucosal IgA-response. Furthermore, our formulations given parenterally or orally induced a strong diphtheria toxin-neutralising antibody response.
Rydell
Niclas
N
Department of Pharmacy, Division of Pharmaceutics, University of Uppsala, P.O. Box 580, SE-75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
Sjöholm
Ingvar
I
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004165:Diphtheria / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin / Q000276:immunology; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000737:chemistry; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000276:immunology; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008863:Microspheres; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013213:Starch / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014709:Vero Cells
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin; D004168:Diphtheria Toxoid; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D005557:Formaldehyde; D013213:Starch; C043831:starch polyacrylate