Association of prostate cancer risk and aggressiveness to androgen pathway genes: SRD5A2, CYP17, and the AR.
BACKGROUND
The prostate is an androgen-regulated organ and polymorphisms in genes involved in testosterone synthesis, in particular, SRD5A2 (A49T and V89L variants), CYP17 (MspAI variant), and the AR (CAG, GGC repeats), represent candidate risk factors for prostate cancer incidence and aggressiveness.


METHODS
We evaluated the relationship between these five polymorphisms and prostate cancer risk in a family-based case-control study (N = 920). Cases were diagnosed at major medical institutions in Cleveland Ohio, and Detroit Michigan, and their unaffected brothers were used as controls. Associations were investigated with regard to prostate cancer risk, and clinical characteristics at diagnosis (i.e., tumor stage/grade, age, family history).


RESULTS
The SRD5A2 V89L variant was associated with an increased risk of prostate cancer (OR = 1.56, P = 0.02). This association was driven primarily by men diagnosed at an earlier age (OR = 2.35, P = 0.001), or with more aggressive disease (OR = 1.63, P = 0.06). None of the other variants exhibited noteworthy associations with disease.


CONCLUSIONS
These findings suggest that the SRD5A2 V89L variant may influence risk of developing prostate cancer, especially among men with a younger age of diagnosis or more aggressive disease.
Cicek
Mine S
MS
Department of Cancer Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.
Conti
David V
DV
Curran
Anthony
A
Neville
Phillippa J
PJ
Paris
Pamela L
PL
Casey
Graham
G
Witte
John S
JS
D013741:3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D035781:Siblings; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics*
D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; D013741:3-Oxo-5-alpha-Steroid 4-Dehydrogenase