Anthocyanin enhances adipocytokine secretion and adipocyte-specific gene expression in isolated rat adipocytes.
Adipocyte dysfunction is strongly associated with the development of obesity and insulin resistance. It is accepted that the regulation of adipocytokine secretion or the adipocyte-specific gene expression is one of the most important targets for the prevention of obesity and amelioration of insulin sensitivity. In this study, we demonstrated that anthocyanins (cyanidin or cyanidin 3-glucoside) have the potency of a unique pharmacological function in isolated rat adipocytes. Treated adipocytes with anthocyanins enhanced adipocytokine (adiponectin and leptin) secretion and up-regulated the adipocyte specific gene expression without activation of PPARgamma in isolated rat adipocytes. The gene expression of adiponectin was also up-regulated in white adipose tissue in mice fed an anthocyanin supplemented diet. As one of the possible mechanisms, AMP-activated protein kinase activation would be associated with these changes, nevertheless, the AMP:ATP ratio was significantly decreased by administration of the anthocyanins. These data suggest that anthocyanins have a potency of unique therapeutic advantage and also have important implications for preventing obesity and diabetes.
Research Center for Biomarkers of Preventive Medicine, Doshisha University, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8580, Japan. ttsuda@mail.doshisha.ac.jp
Takanori
T
Tsuda
Yuki
Y
Ueno
Hiromitsu
H
Aoki
Takatoshi
T
Koda
Fumihiko
F
Horio
Nobuyuki
N
Takahashi
Teruo
T
Kawada
Toshihiko
T
Osawa
D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases; D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D052242:Adiponectin; D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D052242:Adiponectin; D000872:Anthocyanins; D016207:Cytokines; D005960:Glucosides; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin; D008024:Ligands; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; C462279:cyanidin-3-O-beta-glucopyranoside; C017154:cyanidin; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D055372:AMP-Activated Protein Kinases