Genetically targeted radiotherapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma using the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS).
BACKGROUND
Gene therapy that uses delivery of the sodium-iodide symporter (NIS) gene followed by radioiodide administration has been proposed as a novel form of radiotherapy for nonthyroidal cancers.


METHODS
In vitro [(125)I] iodide accumulation and efflux from cells was determined after treatment with an NIS-expressing adenovirus (Ad-NIS). A clonogenic survival assay and tumor growth experiment that used athymic mice were used to demonstrate the in vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity of Ad-NIS treatment and [(131)I] iodide delivery.


RESULTS
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines treated with Ad-NIS exhibit significant amounts of radioiodide accumulation and retention. In vitro HNSCC cell survival was significantly diminished after NIS gene delivery followed by administration of [(131)I] iodide. Moreover, NIS gene transfer/[(131)I] iodide administration dramatically attenuated HNSCC tumor formation in athymic mice.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data demonstrate the feasibility of genetically targeted radiotherapy by use of the NIS gene as a possible therapeutic intervention in head and neck cancer.
Gaut
Andrew W
AW
Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.
Niu
Gang
G
Krager
Kimberly J
KJ
Graham
Michael M
MM
Trask
Douglas K
DK
Domann
Frederick E
FE
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D027981:Symporters / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D027981:Symporters; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters