Anticipating the attack: temporal conditioning during amygdala kindling in rats.
The present study showed that amygdala-kindled rats use short-interval timing superimposed on phase or ordinal timing to predict when a convulsion will occur. In 2 experiments, rats received 1 stimulation and 1 sham stimulation each day, always at the same times (conditioned stimulus [CS]+ and CS- times, respectively) and 150 s after rats had been placed in the testing chamber (the preadministration interval). As kindling progressed, the rats displayed more defensive behavior at the CS+ time than at the CS- time. Then, a stimulation-free peak-procedure test was conducted: At the CS+ time, but not at the CS- time, defensive behavior increased progressively as the 150-s preadministration interval elapsed, and then it gradually declined.
Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. stevenb@interchange.ubc.ca
Steven J
SJ
Barnes
Orsolya
O
Magyar
John P J
JP
Pinel
Aki
A
Takahashi
D000679:Amygdala / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D013997:Time Factors