Simultaneous detection of Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, and Cryptosporidium parvum in fecal samples by using multiplex real-time PCR.
Entamoeba histolytica, Giardia lamblia, and Cryptosporidium are three of the most important diarrhea-causing parasitic protozoa. For many years, microscopic examination of stool samples has been considered to be the "gold standard" for diagnosis of E. histolytica, G. lamblia, and C. parvum infections. Recently, more specific and sensitive alternative methods (PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and direct fluorescent-antibody assay) have been introduced for all three of these parasitic infections. However, the incorporation in a routine diagnostic laboratory of these parasite-specific methods for diagnosis of each of the respective infections is time-consuming and increases the costs of a stool examination. Therefore, a multiplex real-time PCR assay was developed for the simultaneous detection of E. histolytica, G. lamblia, and C. parvum in stool samples. The multiplex PCR also included an internal control to determine efficiency of the PCR and detect inhibition in the sample. The assay was performed on species-specific DNA controls and a range of well-defined stool samples, and it achieved 100 percent specificity and sensitivity. The use of this assay in a diagnostic laboratory would provide sensitive and specific diagnosis of the main parasitic diarrheal infections and could improve patient management and infection control.
Verweij
Jaco J
JJ
Department of Parasitology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands. j.j.verweij@lumc.nl
Blangé
Roy A
RA
Templeton
Kate
K
Schinkel
Janke
J
Brienen
Eric A T
EA
van Rooyen
Marianne A A
MA
van Lieshout
Lisette
L
Polderman
Anton M
AM
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003199:Computer Systems; D016785:Cryptosporidium parvum / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017931:DNA Primers; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine; D004748:Entamoeba histolytica / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D017931:DNA Primers; D016054:DNA, Protozoan