Treatment of neuropathic cancer pain with continuous intrathecal administration of S +-ketamine.
The effective treatment of patients suffering from neuropathic cancer pain remains a clinical challenge. When patients experience either insufficient analgesia or problematic side-effects after opioid administration, intrathecal administration of morphine and other medications such as bupivacaine and clonidine may offer significant advantages. Additionally, ketamine, a non-competitive N-methyl-D-Aspartate-receptor antagonist is able to alter pain perception at the spinal level. Because of the potential neurotoxicity after neuraxial use of racemic ketamine, intrathecal administration of the preservative-free active compound, S (+)-ketamine may be a valuable alternative. In this paper, we present a patient with severe neuropathic cancer pain successfully treated by continuous intrathecal infusion of morphine, bupivacaine, clonidine and S (+)-ketamine. Moreover, quality of life measurements before and 3 weeks after the start of spinal treatment revealed an improvement in pain relief and a higher overall quality of life. No clinical signs of neurologic deficit were observed during spinal treatment with S (+)-ketamine. However, the continuous intrathecal administration of S (+)-ketamine should be considered as the last resort because there are no preclinical safety data with relevant concentrations on intrathecal use of S (+)-ketamine.
Vranken
J H
JH
Department of Anesthesiology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands. j.h.vranken@amc.uva.nl
van der Vegt
M H
MH
Kal
J E
JE
Kruis
M R
MR
D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010148:Intractable Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013237:Stereoisomerism
D000700:Analgesics; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D007649:Ketamine