Boltzmann entropy for dense fluids not in local equilibrium.
Using computer simulations, we investigate the time evolution of the (Boltzmann) entropy of a dense fluid not in local equilibrium. The macrovariables M describing the system are the (empirical) particle density f=[f(x,v)] and the total energy E. We find that S(f(t),E) is a monotone increasing in time even when its kinetic part is decreasing. We argue that for isolated Hamiltonian systems monotonicity of S(M(t))=S(M(X(t))) should hold generally for "typical" (the overwhelming majority of) initial microstates (phase points) X0 belonging to the initial macrostate M0, satisfying M(X0)=M(0). This is a consequence of Liouville's theorem when M(t) evolves according to an autonomous deterministic law.
Departamento de E.M. y Física de la Materia, Universidad de Granada, E-18071 Granada, Spain.
P L
PL
Garrido
S
S
Goldstein
J L
JL
Lebowitz