The feasibility and effectiveness of an expressive writing intervention for rheumatoid arthritis via home-based videotaped instructions.
BACKGROUND
Expressive emotional writing has demonstrated efficacy for improving health status in a wide variety of healthy persons and recently in patients with chronic disease.


OBJECTIVE
This study was a randomized, controlled effectiveness trial with 4 arms: 2 active treatment writing groups, 1 inactive writing group, and 1 attention control group. It represents the first attempt to translate the expressive writing intervention into a low-cost, community-based intervention in the form of a videotaped program.


METHODS
Feasibility of the approach and patient adherence were examined in a community rheumatology practice with rheumatoid arthritis patients (N = 373).


RESULTS
The videotape format was able to convey the intervention instructions accurately and produced the expected and differential ratings of stressfulness and emotional provocation across the 3 writing programs. Seventy-nine percent of eligible patients agreed to take the program home; 49% of these patients reported that they followed the protocol. Physician Disease Activity Rating and the Physical Component Summary of the SF36v2 Health Survey were assessed pre and post program.


CONCLUSIONS
Intent-to-treat analyses found no effect of the treatment. Pretreatment differences among the protocol-adherent patients complicated treatment outcome interpretation. The standard writing instructions did not yield an effect; a modified set of instructions to extract meaning from the traumatic event yielded equivocal results. Contrasts between efficacy and effectiveness trials and the challenge of achieving significant outcomes in effectiveness trials are discussed.
Broderick
Joan E
JE
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Science, Stony Brook University, NY, USA. joan.broderick@stonybrook.edu
Stone
Arthur A
AA
Smyth
Joshua M
JM
Kaell
Alan T
AT
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000523:psychology*; D004644:Emotions; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011380:Programmed Instructions as Topic; D012803:Sick Role; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014743:Videotape Recording; D014956:Writing