Ginsenoside Rh2 reduces ischemic brain injury in rats.
Ginseng was incubated under mildly acidic conditions and its inhibitory effect on a rat ischemia-reperfusion model was investigated. When ginseng was treated with 0.1% hydrochloric acid at 60 degrees C, its protopanaxadiol saponins were transformed to diasteromeric ginsenoside Rg3 and Delta20-ginsenoside Rg3. When the transformed ginseng extract, of which the main component was ginsenosides Rg3, was treated with human intestinal microflora, the main metabolite was ginsenoside Rh2. Orally administered acid-treated ginseng (AG) extract and ginsenoside Rh2 potently protect ischemia-reperfusion brain injury. The ginsenoside Rh2 also inhibited prostaglandin-E2 synthesis in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, but showed no in vitro antioxidant activity. These results suggest that AG and ginsenoside Rh2 can improve ischemic brain injury.
Park
Eun-Kyung
EK
College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi, Dongdaemun-ku, Seoul, Korea.
Choo
Min-Kyung
MK
Oh
Jin Kyung
JK
Ryu
Jong Hoon
JH
Kim
Dong-Hyun
DH
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D007422:Intestines / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D005894:Panax; D008517:Phytotherapy; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*
D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D036145:Ginsenosides; C055305:ginsenoside Rh2; D006851:Hydrochloric Acid