Lack of a hypotensive effect with rapid administration of a new aqueous formulation of intravenous amiodarone.
Hypotension is the most frequent adverse event reported with intravenous amiodarone. Hypotension has been attributed to the vasoactive solvents of the standard formulation (Cordarone IV) and is not dose related, but related to the rate of infusion. Drug labeling calls for intravenous amiodarone to be administered over 10 minutes. A new aqueous formulation of amiodarone (Amio-Aqueous) does not contain vasoactive excipients and may be administered safely by rapid administration without hypotension. This hypothesis was tested using combined data of 4 clinical trials; each assessed the development of hypotension prospectively. Hypotension was defined as a 25% decrease in systolic blood pressure (BP), with the development of a systolic BP of <90 mm Hg or a systolic BP that decreased to <80 mm Hg. In all, 358 Amio-Aqueous and 225 lidocaine boluses were administered to 278 patients; 246 had ventricular tachycardia (VT) during drug administration. Hypotension developed in 11% of patients on Amio-Aqueous versus 19% on lidocaine (p = NS), all during VT; most resolved spontaneously with VT termination. With both drugs, hypotension persisted after VT termination in 1% of patients; the incidence of drug-related hypotension occurred in 2% of patients (1% had hypotension requiring treatment). The Amio-Aqueous was discontinued in 1% of patients, and lidocaine was discontinued in 2% of patients because of hypotension. We conclude that Amio-Aqueous is at least as safe as lidocaine in terms of causing hypotension when administered rapidly. This is a significant advantage over the standard amiodarone formulation, because Cordarone cannot be administered by rapid bolus owing to excipient-related hypotension.
Rush University, Chicago, Illinois, USA. jsomberg@rush.edu
John C
JC
Somberg
Sandor
S
Timar
Steven J
SJ
Bailin
Ferenc
F
Lakatos
Charles I
CI
Haffajee
Jeno
J
Tarjan
Walter P
WP
Paladino
Istvan
I
Sarosi
Nicholas Z
NZ
Kerin
Jozsef
J
Borbola
Duane E
DE
Bridges
Janos
J
Molnar
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007022:Hypotension / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D008012:Lidocaine; D000638:Amiodarone