Sleep and breathing disturbances in infancy and early childhood.
The nature of sleep-related breathing problems varies with age. Ventilatory function may be compromised at the level of the brainstem, the autonomic nerves, or the upper airway musculature. These disorders are state-dependent, being impacted by both rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep, and also by the degree of maturation of the nervous system. Many are treatable. An understanding of the molecular basis of these disorders is just now becoming apparent.
Division of Child and Adolescent Neurology and the Sleep Disorders Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Suresh
S
Kotagal
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012119:Respiration; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*