Epidemiology of hepatitis A and hepatitis E infection and their determinants in adult Chinese community in Hong Kong.
Current epidemiology of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis E virus (HEV) in Hong Kong was evaluated in 936 adult Chinese subjects recruited through a telephone interview in 2001. Some 15% of the subjects had IgG antibodies to both HAV and HEV while 665 (71.0%) and 176 (18.8%) had anti-HAV and anti-HEV, respectively. Age was the most significant independent factor. Six hundred thirty-eight (79.8%) and 165 (20.7%) subjects aged > or =30 had anti-HAV and anti-HEV, respectively, as compared with 27 (19.7%) and 11 (8.0%) in people aged <30. The corresponding adjusted Odds ratio (OR) was 14.94 (95% CI: 9.13-24.44; P<0.001) for anti-HAV positivity and 2.99 (95% CI: 1.58-5.67; P=0.001) for anti-HEV positivity. Subjects born outside Hong Kong were more likely to have anti-HAV (adjusted OR: 3.41; 95% CI: 2.21-5.26; P<0.001) but not anti-HEV. Non-labour work people were less likely to have anti-HAV-adjusted OR, 0.40 (95% CI: 0.26-0.62; P<0.001). Age-specific HAV prevalence right shifted in the last 20 years. Anti-HAV positivity was less frequent, across all age groups, in subjects >21-years-old in the present study than another study done in 1987-89 (P<0.001). HAV prevalence only increased slightly in every 10-year age groups of people aged 21-50 when compared with their corresponding 10-year-younger age groups (P=0.11), suggesting an ageing cohort effect with no major infections in the last decade. For HEV, both the overall and age-specific prevalence decreased over the last decade (P<0.001). The increasing proportion of susceptible population to enterically transmitted viral hepatitis has implications to future prevention and control programmes, including vaccination strategies.
Wong
K H
KH
Special Preventive Programme, Department of Health, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong. khwong@dhspp.net
Liu
Y M
YM
Ng
P S P
PS
Young
B W Y
BW
Lee
S S
SS
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006506:Hepatitis A / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D035922:Hepatitis A Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D017957:Hepatitis A Virus, Human / Q000276:immunology; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D016751:Hepatitis E / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D016752:Hepatitis E virus / Q000276:immunology; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D011336:Probability; D012307:Risk Factors; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
D035922:Hepatitis A Antibodies; D006508:Hepatitis Antibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G