Relationship between inducible nitric oxide synthase expression and angiogenesis in primary gallbladder carcinoma tissue.
OBJECTIVE
To explore the relationship between angiogenesis and biological behaviors of primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGBC), the relationship between the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and biological behaviors of PGBC and its relationship with the expression of iNOS and angiogenesis of PGBC.


METHODS
The expression of iNOS and micro-vessel density (MVD) were assessed by immunohistochemical method and image analysis system in 40 specimens of PGBC and in 8 specimens of normal gallbladder. The immunostaining results and related clinicopathologic materials were analyzed by statistical methods.


RESULTS
MVD in PGBC was significantly higher than that in normal gallbladder tissue (46+/-14 vs 14+/-6, P<0.05), and was not related with age, gender, tumor size and histological type. MVD of poorly and undifferentiated tumor tissues was higher than that of moderately-differentiated and well-differentiated tumor tissues (52+/-9 vs 43+/-9 vs 33+/-6, P<0.01). MVD of Nevin IV and V stages was higher than that of Nevin I, II and III stages (52+/-8 vs 37+/-13, P<0.01). MVD of cases with lymphatic or liver metastasis was significantly higher than that without liver metastasis (55+/-6 vs 42+/-10, P<0.05)or lymphatic metastasis (53+/-8 vs 38+/-8, P<0.01). The positive level index (PLI) of iNOS in PGBC was 0.435+/-0.134, and was not related with age, gender, tumor size, histological type, differentiation and clinical stage of PGBC. The PLI of iNOS in cases with lymphatic metastasis was higher than that without lymphatic metastasis (0.573+/-0.078 vs 0.367+/-0.064, P<0.01). The PLI of iNOS in cases with liver metastasis was higher than that without liver metastasis (0.533+/-0.067 vs 0.424+/-0.084, P<0.05). There was a significant correlation between PLI of iNOS and MVD in PGBC (P<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Angiogenesis of PGBC is significantly related to the biological behaviors of PGBC. The expression of iNOS is related to the biological behaviors of PGBC. The detection of MVD and the expression of iNOS in PGBC can be used as parameters to determine the degree of malignancy and prognosis.
Niu
Xin-Jie
XJ
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, Shaanxi Province, China. niuxinjie@email.com
Wang
Zuo-Ren
ZR
Wu
Sheng-Li
SL
Geng
Zhi-Min
ZM
Zhang
Yun-Feng
YF
Qing
Xing-Lei
XL
D002288:Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000378:metabolism; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
D005169:Factor VIII; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II