Surface-functionalized nanoparticle library yields probes for apoptotic cells.
We have developed techniques for the efficient synthesis and screening of small libraries of surface-functionalized nanoparticles for the recognition of specific types of cells. To illustrate this concept we describe the development of a nanoparticle that preferentially recognizes apoptotic Jurkat cells in a manner similar to the apoptosis-recognizing protein annexin V. The nanoparticle, which is detectable by fluorescence or NMR relaxometry, was analyzed for the ability to recognize normal and apoptotic cells by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS) analysis and fluorescence microscopy. The capability to develop nanoparticles which interact with specific target cells could be applied to the design of materials for diverse applications including quantum dots, which serve as fluorescence tracers, colloidal gold, which serves as a tracer for electron micrographs, or the crystalline forms of drugs.
Harvard Medical School, Center for Molecular Imaging Research, Building 149, 13th Street, 5403, Charlestown, MA 02129, USA.
Eyk A
EA
Schellenberger
Fred
F
Reynolds
Ralph
R
Weissleder
Lee
L
Josephson
D017209:Apoptosis; D020650:Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques; D003911:Dextrans; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008280:Magnetics; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D010316:Particle Size; D013388:Succinimides
D003911:Dextrans; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D015335:Molecular Probes; D013388:Succinimides; C000499:ferric oxide; C018151:N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate