Strategy for modeling putative multilevel ecosystems on Europa.
A general strategy for modeling ecosystems on other worlds is described. Two alternative biospheres beneath the ice surface of Europa are modeled, based on analogous ecosystems on Earth in potentially comparable habitats, with reallocation of biomass quantities consistent with different sources of energy and chemical constituents. The first ecosystem models a benthic biosphere supported by chemoautotrophic producers. The second models two concentrations of biota at the top and bottom of the subsurface water column supported by energy harvested from transmembrane ionic gradients. Calculations indicate the plausibility of both ecosystems, including small macroorganisms at the highest trophic levels, with ionotrophy supporting a larger biomass than chemoautotrophy.
Irwin
Louis N
LN
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968-0159, USA. lirwin@utep.edu
Schulze-Makuch
Dirk
D
D018533:Biomass; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D018534:Earth, Planet; D017753:Ecosystem; D018559:Exobiology; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D007053:Ice; D007477:Ions; D018538:Jupiter; D008697:Methane / Q000737:chemistry; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D007053:Ice; D007477:Ions; D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D006859:Hydrogen; D008697:Methane