Biomarkers of esophageal adenocarcinoma and Barrett's esophagus.
The rising incidence and poor prognosis of esophageal adenocarcinoma in the Western world have intensified research efforts into earlier methods of detection of this disease and its relationship to Barrett's esophagus. The progression of Barrett's esophagus to adenocarcinoma has been the focus of particular scrutiny, and a number of potential tissue and serum-based disease biomarkers have emerged. The epidemiology and pathogenesis of esophageal adenocarcinoma are outlined. Tissue biomarkers allowing risk stratification of Barrett's are reviewed as well as strategies currently being used to discover novel biomarkers that will facilitate the early detection of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Finally, the uses of biomarkers as predictive tests for targeted treatments and as surrogate endpoints in chemoprevention trials are considered.
Histopathology/Cytopathologist, Belfast City Hospital Trust, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
Damian T
DT
McManus
Andreea
A
Olaru
Stephen J
SJ
Meltzer
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000032:analysis; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis
D015415:Biomarkers; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019938:Cyclin D1