title: A high molecular mass cranberry constituent reduces mutans streptococci level in saliva and inhibits in vitro adhesion to hydroxyapatite.
abstract: Previous investigations showed that a high molecular mass, non-dialyzable material (NDM) from cranberries inhibits the adhesion of a number of bacterial species and prevents the co-aggregation of many oral bacterial pairs. In the present study we determined the effect of mouthwash supplemented with NDM on oral hygiene. Following 6 weeks of daily usage of cranberry-containing mouthwash by an experimental group (n = 29), we found that salivary mutans streptococci count as well as the total bacterial count were reduced significantly (ANOVA, P < 0.01) compared with those of the control (n = 30) using placebo mouthwash. No change in the plaque and gingival indices was observed. In vitro, the cranberry constituent inhibited the adhesion of Streptococcus sobrinus to saliva-coated hydroxyapatite. The data suggest that the ability to reduce mutans streptococci counts in vivo is due to the anti-adhesion activity of the cranberry constituent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hebrew University-Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel. ervinw@md.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: Ervin I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Avital
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kozlovsky
authors.forename: Doron
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lev-Dor
authors.forename: Ronit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bar Ness Greenstein
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sharon
authors.forename: Itzhak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ofek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D017886:Durapatite; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes; D010512:Periodontal Index; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016986:Streptococcus sobrinus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D029799:Vaccinium macrocarpon / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D009067:Mouthwashes; D017886:Durapatite