Equivocal roles of tissue-type plasminogen activator in stroke-induced injury.
Stroke represents a major health problem in the ever-ageing population of industrialized nations. Each year, over three million people in the USA alone suffer from this affliction. Stroke, which results from the obstruction of an intra- or extra-cerebral artery, induces irreversible neuronal damage. The clot-busting drug tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is the only FDA-approved therapy for acute stroke. Although tPA has been successfully used to treat myocardial infarction due to clot formation, its use in the treatment of occlusive cerebrovascular diseases remains controversial. Indeed, tPA is clearly beneficial as a thrombolytic agent. However, increasing evidence suggests that tPA could have direct and deleterious effects on neurons and glial cells.
Benchenane
Karim
K
Université de Caen, CNRS UMR 6551, Centre Cyceron, IFR 47, Boulevard H. Becquerel, BP 5229, 14074 CAEN Cedex, France.
López-Atalaya
José P
JP
Fernández-Monreal
Mónica
M
Touzani
Omar
O
Vivien
Denis
D
D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000187:drug effects*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator