title: Molecular epidemiology of mumps virus in Japan and proposal of two new genotypes.
abstract: We isolated 872 strains of mumps virus from naso-pharyngeal secretions in seven different districts of Japan from January 2000 to July 2001. Among them, 57 strains were geno-typed by nucleotide sequencing in part of the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN) and small hydrophobic (SH) protein regions. Four different genotypes (B, G, K, and L) of mumps virus were co-circulating in Japan and the distribution of genotypes varied in geographically different districts. Two new clusters designated as genotypes K and L had more than 7% nucleotide variation in the SH gene. Among the 57 strains, 11 were classified as B, 35 as G, three as K, and eight as L, which was mainly isolated in Tokyo. We also examined 104 stains isolated in a clinic in Mie prefecture from 1993 to 2003. Genotype B was the indigenous strain and genotype K was introduced in 1994. Genotypes B and K co-circulated in the 1990s and were replaced by genotype G in 2000. There was no significant change in neutralizing test antibody titers against genotypes B, G, K, and L using seven post-vaccination sera with Hoshino strain (genotype B) and these four genotypes had a different antigenicity from genotype A. We should continue to watch on mumps virus molecular epidemiology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Tokyo Medical College, Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inou
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uejima
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuri
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakiyama
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ihara
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okafuji
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okafuji
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Eitaro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kunihisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.forename: Yuhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D000940:Antigenic Variation; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005814:Genes, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D015707:HN Protein / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009107:Mumps / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D009109:Mumps virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010802:Phylogeny; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013997:Time Factors; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015707:HN Protein; D014764:Viral Proteins; C067386:small hydrophobic protein, Mumps virus