title: Ureteral stenosis in HDAF pig-to-primate renal xenotransplantation: a phenomenon related to immunological events?
abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the incidence of ureteral stenosis in a life-supporting human decay-accelerating factor (hDAF) transgenic pig-to-cynomolgus monkey kidney transplantation model and determine the role of possible immunological events in its pathogenesis. Thirty consecutive bi-nephrectomized cynomolgus monkeys received a kidney from hDAF transgenic pigs with or without a ureteral stent. Four monkeys were euthanized prematurely after transplantation. In the remaining 26 cases, the mean survival was 24 +/- 19 days. Except in one case, there was a close relationship between ureter and kidney in terms of type and severity of rejection. There were six ureteral stenoses; five were repaired by stent positioning and resurgery extended survival for an additional 16 +/- 10 days. The stenotic ureters showed diffuse acute humoral xenograft rejection (AHXR), while all cases with no or only focal signs of ureteral rejection never revealed ureteral obstruction. Use of a ureteral stent extends the survival of a xenografted primate, thereby helping to clarify the immunological events surrounding the onset of AHXR in kidneys in long-term xenograft recipients.
authors.affiliation: Padua General Hospital, Padua, Italy. nicola.baldan@unipd.it
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Baldan
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rigotti
authors.forename: Fiorella
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Calabrese
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cadrobbi
authors.forename: Arben
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dedja
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Iacopetti
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boldrin
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seveso
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dall'Olmo
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frison
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Benedictis
authors.forename: Daniele
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bernardini
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Thiene
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cozzi
authors.forename: Ermanno
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ancona
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D018958:CD55 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D011323:Primates; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000517:prevention & control; D015607:Stents; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D014180:Transplantation; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014513:Ureter / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D018958:CD55 Antigens; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents