title: Refined staging by sentinel lymph node biopsy to individualize therapy in anal cancer.
abstract: We evaluated the feasibility of the sentinel lymph node technique to refine staging and potentially individualize therapy for anal cancer. Seventeen patients with cancer of the anal canal underwent peritumoral injection of 99mTc-colloid, followed 17 hours later by lymphoscintigraphy. A selective lymph node biopsy (SLNB) was attempted in 12 of 13 cases with scintigraphically detected SLNs. Lymph node metastases were present in 5 of 12 cases (42%); in 2 of these 5 cases, micrometastases were detected only by immunohistochemical staining. Hence, SLNB refines the diagnostic workup for anal cancer and provides an accurate basis for individualized therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, University Hospital Charité, Campus Buch, Robert Roessle Klinik at the Helios Klinikum, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ulmer
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bembenek
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gretschel
authors.forename: Jörn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Markwardt
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koswig
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Peter Michael
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Schlag
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C025484:iso-sulfan blue; D013671:Technetium Tc 99m Sulfur Colloid