title: Antibiotic prophylaxis in hip fracture surgery: a metaanalysis.
abstract: A metaanalysis was done to identify the most effective prophylactic antibiotic regimen in hip fracture surgery. Specific comparisons addressed were antibiotics at any dose versus placebo, multiple doses (>24 hours coverage) versus one dose of antibiotics, and multiple doses versus 24 hours antibiotic coverage. Outcomes measured included overall wound infections, deep wound infection, superficial wound infection, urinary tract infection, and mortality. A computer search of the Medline and EMBASE databases (English language literature from 1966 to 2000 and 1988 to 2000, respectively) retrieved 15 randomized controlled trials which addressed the specific aims. Most studies evaluated antibiotics from the cephalosporin group. Antibiotic prophylaxis significantly reduced overall wound infections when compared with placebo and was equally effective for deep and superficial infections. One dose of intravenous antibiotics seemed no different than multiple doses. Antibiotic use also was associated with a significant reduction in the incidence of urinary tract infection but had no significant effect on mortality.
authors.affiliation: University of Sydney, Northern Clinical School Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, Australia.
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Southwell-Keely
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Lyn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: March
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cumming
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Alan J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Brnabic
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents