title: Phenylpropanoid glycosides from Scrophularia scorodonia: in vitro anti-inflammatory activity.
abstract: Five phenylpropanoid glycosides isolated from Scrophularia scorodonia L. (Scrophulariaceae), namely angoroside A (1), angoroside C (2), angoroside D (3), acteoside (4) and isoacteoside (5), had been evaluated as potential inhibitors of some macrophage functions involved in the inflammatory process. These compounds have been tested in two experimental systems: ionophore-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages and human platelets serve as source of COX-1 and 5-LOX, and mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with E. coli LPS are the means of testing for COX-2, NO and TNF-alpha activity. None of compounds assayed had a significant effect on LTC(4)-release from calcium ionophore-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. However, the release of PGE(2) by mouse peritoneal macrophages stimulated with calcium ionophore was inhibited by most of these compounds. In the TXB(2)-release assay, acteoside (4), angoroside A (1) and angoroside C (2) showed a significant effect. These five compounds, except angoroside C (2) significantly inhibited LPS-induced PGE(2), NO and TNF-alpha in a concentration-dependent manner. In LPS-stimulated macrophages, the phenylpropanoid glycoside angoroside C (2) only had activity on NO. These results indicate that the pharmacology of these compounds may participate in the anti-inflammatory effect of Scrophularia scorodonia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University Alcala, Alcala de Henares, 28871 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Ana María
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: María José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Abad
authors.forename: Lidia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Silván
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Santos
authors.forename: Paulina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bermejo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D000001:Calcimycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D006801:Humans; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D017997:Leukotriene C4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D032266:Scrophularia / Q000737:chemistry*; D013929:Thromboxane B2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014312:Trisaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D007476:Ionophores; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014312:Trisaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C413578:angoroside C; D017997:Leukotriene C4; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000001:Calcimycin; D013929:Thromboxane B2; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496511:PTGS1 protein, human; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse