title: [Establishment of a clinical method for evaluating flow-mediated vasodilation(FMD) in brachial artery].
abstract: We have established a clinical routine method for evaluating the endothelial function in forearm circulation in humans. Flow-mediated vasodilation(FMD) was used as the endothelium-dependent and the response to nitroglycerin(NTG) as the endothelium-independent vasodilation. Diameter of the brachial artery was measured by high-frequency ultrasonographic imaging before and after hyperemia following artery occlusion. Because vasodilation reached the maximal level when the artery was occluded for 5 min, this time was selected as the occlusion time. FMD was greater (12 vs 9%) after upper-arm occlusion than after forearm occlusion. The peak time to maximal vasodilation was 50 sec after forearm occlusion and 70 sec after upper-arm occlusion. During NO synthesis inhibitor infusion, vasodilation after forearm occlusion was abolished, whereas that after upper-arm occlusion was attenuated by half. Therefore, the mechanisms for FMD may differ by occlusion position. The response to NTG was attenuated by aging. FMD was significantly decreased by coronary artery disease and coronary risk factors such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia and diabetes, but the response to NTG was not changed by these diseases. These measurements may offer useful tools for assessment of endothelial function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Hiroshima University, Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Hiroshima 734-8554.
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oshima
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Hidekatsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kambe
authors.forename: Chizuko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toyama
authors.forename: Tetsunori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ozono
mesh_terms: D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001916:Brachial Artery; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000503:physiopathology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000503:physiopathology; D003935:Diagnostic Techniques, Cardiovascular; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000503:physiopathology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D012307:Risk Factors; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D005996:Nitroglycerin