Current developments of immunotherapy in the clinic.
The clinical application of immunotherapy for cancer is rapidly moving forward in multiple areas, including the adoptive transfer of anti-tumor-reactive T cells and the use of 'therapeutic' vaccines. Recently, both clinical and immunological endpoints have shown improvement. Novel strategies designed in the laboratory and proven in preclinical animal tumor models are now entering the clinic, with the intent of enhancing current therapeutic efficacy. These novel strategies involve breaking tolerance to tumor self-antigens by inhibiting regulatory cells, boosting T-cell co-stimulation and using combinations of recombinant cytokines and other defined molecules with 'immuno-enhancing' activities.
Antonia
Scott
S
H. Lee Moffitt Comprehensive Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, Tampa, Florida 33612, USA.
Mulé
James J
JJ
Weber
Jeffrey S
JS
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D011994:Recombinant Proteins