title: Detection of occult tumor cells in lymph nodes from bladder cancer patients by MUC7 nested RT-PCR.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Systemic progression is the prevalent form of bladder tumor recurrence after radical cystectomy. The detection of occult bladder tumor cells in histopathologically normal lymph nodes could be of prognostic value. We examined the possibility that mucin 7 (MUC7) RNA might reflect the presence of occult tumor cells in lymph nodes from bladder cancer patients. We used the polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), a highly sensitive assay, to monitor MUC7 RNA.
  
  
  METHODS
  We collected 240 pelvic lymph nodes from 25 bladder cancer patients undergoing radical cystectomy. We also obtained 20 lymph nodes from patients with prostate cancer and interstitial cystitis to use as negative controls. Each lymph node was divided in two parts to provide tissue for both histopathological and PCR analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  166/240 lymph nodes from bladder cancer patients were usable for MUC7 RT-PCR. By conventional histopathology, six of these nodes contained metastases. MUC7 RT-PCR analysis was positive for five of the six histologically proven lymph node metastases. Histopathological reevaluation of the sixth node revealed tumor in an adjacent vein, not in the lymph node, itself. In contrast, 46/160 (29%) histologically classified normal lymph nodes (pN0) from 17 bladder cancer patients were positive for MUC7. All 20 lymph nodes from control patients were MUC7-negative.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MUC7 RT-PCR is a specific and sensitive method for the detection of occult tumor cells in lymph nodes from bladder cancer patients. Long-term observation will be necessary to evaluate the clinical value of MUC7 as a prognostic indicator of lymph node metastasis and disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, University of California San Francisco, Box 0452, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. mretz@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Margitta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Retz
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Celine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Szysnik
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zwank
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Venzke
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Röder
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kalthoff
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Basbaum
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stöckle
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015653:Cystectomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009077:Mucins; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: C083238:MUC7 protein, human; D009077:Mucins; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides