title: [Study on the anti-apopotosis induced by hypoxia/hypoglycemia and reoxygenation of panax notoginseng saponins in cultured rat hippocampal neurons].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the inhibitory effects of Panax Notoginseng Saponins(PNS) on apoptosis induced by hypoxia/hypoglycemia and reoxygenation in cultured rat hippocampal neurons.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apoptosis were measured by flow cytometry, intracellular free calcium concentration([Ca2+]i) was measured with confocal laser scanning microscopy, morphological changes and neuronal necrosis were observed with fluorescence microscope, and meanwhile the leakage of lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) was measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hypoxia/hypoglycemia cultures for 5 hours and reoxygenation induced neuronal apoptosis and necrosis, and significantly increased neuronal [Ca2+]i and the leakage of LDH. The effects were increased with the extending time of reoxygenation. PNS has could significantly decrease the percentage of neuronal apoptosis and necrosis, and reduce neuronal [Ca2+]i and the leakage of LDH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PNS has inhibitory effect on neuronal apoptosis. This effect might be related to its effect of decreasing intracellular free calcium concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Dongzhimeng Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
authors.forename: Ling-Qun
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Ji-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Qi-fu
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Su-lun
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yi-huai
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Zhuang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li-yun
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005333:Fetus; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000473:pathology; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology; D005894:Panax / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D036145:Ginsenosides; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D002118:Calcium