title: Peripheral macrophage depletion reduces central nervous system parasitism and damage in Trypanosoma cruzi-infected suckling rats.
abstract: We aim at investigating the role of blood born macrophages on the brain reaction to Trypanosoma cruzi infection in suckling rats. This infection provoked the appearance of numerous ED1(+) cells in the neural parenchyma and increased the amount of meningeal and perivascular ED2(+) macrophages. CD8(+) and NKR(+) cells also occurred. Parenchymal blood vessels showed strong ICAM-1 and decreased occludin immunoreactivities. Selective depletion of peripheral macrophages by clodronate liposomes decreased tissue parasitism, nodular lesions, ICAM-1 upregulation and leukocyte infiltration. Occludin immunoreactivity remained as in uninfected animals. Our results indicate a role for blood-born macrophages in both parasite invasion and brain reaction. Microglia activation cannot be discarded.
authors.affiliation: Department of Morphology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, 31270.901 Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
authors.forename: Grace C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Patrícia R A
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Nagib
authors.forename: Egler
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chiari
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: van Rooijen
authors.forename: Conceição R S
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Elizabeth R S
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Camargos
mesh_terms: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000382:microbiology; D002452:Cell Count; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D020807:Central Nervous System Parasitic Infections / Q000473:pathology*; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D004002:Clodronic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D053331:Ectodysplasins; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D007114:Immunization / Q000379:methods; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000097:blood; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism; D008081:Liposomes / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009026:Mortality; D062793:Occludin; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D053331:Ectodysplasins; C506019:Eda protein, mouse; D008081:Liposomes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D062793:Occludin; C568986:Ocln protein, mouse; C568987:Ocln protein, rat; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004002:Clodronic Acid; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma