title: Effect of antioxidant flavanone, naringenin, from Citrus junoson neuroprotection.
abstract: Amyloid beta protein (Abeta)-induced free radical-mediated neurotoxicity is known as a leading hypothesis for a cause of Alzheimer's disease. Abeta increased free radical production and lipid peroxidation in PC12 nerve cells, resulting in apoptosis and cell death. The protective effect of naringenin, a major flavanone constituent isolated from Citrus junos, against Abeta-induced neurotoxicity was investigated using PC12 cells. Pretreatment with isolated naringenin and vitamin C prevented the generation of the Abeta-induced reactive oxygen species. Naringenin resulted in the decrease of Abeta toxicity in a manner of concentration dependence, which was assessed by the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay. However, treatment with these antioxidants inhibited the Abeta-induced neurotoxic effect. The antiamnestic activity of naringenin in vivo was also evaluated using ICR mice with amnesia induced by scopolamine (1 mg/kg body weight). Naringenin, when administered to ICR mice at 4.5 mg/kg body weight, significantly ameliorated scopolamine-induced amnesia as measured in the passive avoidance test. Therefore, these results indicate that micromolecular Abeta-induced in vitro oxidative cell stress is reduced by naringenin and naringenin may be a useful chemopreventive agent against a neurodegenerative disease such as Alzheimer's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Technology, Cornell University, Geneva, New York 14456, USA.
authors.forename: Ho Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Dae-Ok
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soo Cheol
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Mi Jeong
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Byung Gee
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong-Hoon
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000647:Amnesia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D044950:Flavanones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D012601:Scopolamine
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D000975:Antioxidants; D044950:Flavanones; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C074636:amyloid beta-protein (25-35); D012601:Scopolamine; C005273:naringenin