Evolution of the gall-forming plant parasitic nematodes (Tylenchida: Anguinidae) and their relationships with hosts as inferred from Internal Transcribed Spacer sequences of nuclear ribosomal DNA.
Phylogenetic relationships among gall-forming plant parasitic nematodes of the subfamily Anguininae are reconstructed by maximum parsimony and maximum likelihood analyses. Sequences of the ITS of rDNA from 53 populations and species of gall-forming nematodes and five populations of the Ditylenchus dipsaci species complex were analysed. The phylogenetic trees strongly support monophyly of the genus Anguina and show nonmonophyly for the genera Mesoanguina and Heteroanguina. Morphological and biological characters are generally congruent with the anguinid groups identified in the rDNA phylogeny. Analyses of evolution of different gall types among anguinids reveal that there are apparent evolutionary trends in gall evolution: from abnormal swelling and growth of infested plant organs toward small localised galls, and from infestation of vegetative toward generative organs. Our study demonstrates that the main anguinid groups are generally associated with host plants belonging to the same or related systematic groups. The comparison of the ITS phylogenies of anguinids parasitising Poaceae and their host grasses shows a high level of cospeciation events.
Subbotin
Sergei A
SA
Institute of Parasitology of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leniskii prospect 33, Moscow 117091, Russia. S.Subbotin@clo.fgov.be
Krall
Eino L
EL
Riley
Ian T
IT
Chizhov
Vladimir N
VN
Staelens
Ariane
A
De Loose
Marc
M
Moens
Maurice
M
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D009348:Nematoda / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D010802:Phylogeny; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D010944:Plants / Q000469:parasitology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D018509:DNA, Helminth; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer