title: Adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin in patients with advanced bladder cancer: a study by the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Radical cystectomy represents the treatment of choice for muscle infiltrative bladder carcinoma. Adjuvant chemotherapy has been used to improve outcome after cystectomy. We report results in a prospective cohort of patients at high risk for relapse who were treated with the combination of paclitaxel and carboplatin as adjuvant treatment following cystectomy for muscle invasive bladder cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 92 patients with extravesical tumor extension (pT 3b or greater) or lymph node involvement (N+) were treated with 4 cycles of paclitaxel at 175 mg/m and carboplatin (area under the curve 5 according to the Calvert formula) every 3 weeks following radical cystectomy. Patients were followed every 6 months thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median followup was 36.6 months. Chemotherapy was well tolerated with 62% of patients receiving 100% of the expected chemotherapy doses without delays. Grade 3 or 4 neutropenia was reported in 19% of patients, while neutropenic fever was reported in 7%. Five-year overall, cause specific and disease-free survival was 28.9% (95% CI 14.8 to 43.0), 36.6% (95% CI 24.4 to 49.7) and 29% (95% CI 16.3 to 42.4), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adjuvant chemotherapy with paclitaxel and carboplatin is feasible and could be used as adjuvant treatment for high risk bladder carcinoma. Its true value should be assessed in prospective, randomized trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Therapeutics and Urology, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Greece.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bamias
authors.forename: Ch
authors.initials: Ch
authors.lastname: Deliveliotis
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aravantinos
authors.forename: Ch
authors.initials: Ch
authors.lastname: Kalofonos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karayiannis
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dimopoulos
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel