title: [Nutritional support in various disease states. B. Nutritional support in severe infection].
abstract: Within one decade the concept of clinical nutritional support has changed. It was once thought that total parenteral nutrition was an all-purpose panacea, and then that role was played by enteral nutrition. Recently, however, immunonutrition has emerged as a new methodology for nutritional support. Because of the pathologic complexity, numerous problems remain in nutritional support for surgical patients with severe infection. The best route of nutrition in the acute phase, actual efficacy of immune system-enhancing diets, and the prevention of bacterial translocation (BT) and Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) should be resolved. This paper describes concerns in the clinical nutritional management of patients with severe infection and examines how the remaining questions are being resolved.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Surgery, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ezoe
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ura
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirata
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018988:Bacterial Translocation; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D018529:Nutritional Support / Q000379:methods*; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic