title: Self exposure to secondhand smoke among prenatal smokers, abstainers, and nonsmokers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prenatal smoking cessation will not eliminate health risks if women continue to be exposed to passive smoking. This study compared the risks of secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure for low-income prenatal nonsmokers, abstainers, and smokers.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire was administered to 225 pregnant women. Exposure to six sources of SHS was compared across smoking groups using chi-square and multivariate logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In adjusted analyses, patterns of SHS exposure were consistent. Abstainers were at lower risk of exposure than smokers for all sources except for having a partner who smoked. Abstainers were at higher risk of exposure than nonsmokers for most sources. For example, 11.7% of nonsmokers were exposed to < 4 hours of SHS daily compared with 33.3% of abstainers (adjusted odds ratio = .32, 95% confidence interval = .12-.88). Mean number of exposures for nonsmokers, abstainers, and smokers were 1.4, 2.7, and 4.2, respectively (p < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventions need to address the full range of health risks posed by cigarette smoke exposure during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55454, USA.
authors.forename: Caroline L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: Phyllis L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Pirie
authors.forename: Wendy L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Hellerstedt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution