title: Moderate physical exercise increases cardiac autonomic nervous system activity in children with low heart rate variability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to investigate the effect of a long-term moderate exercise program on cardiac autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in healthy children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and five children aged 6-11 years participated in a 12-month school-based exercise training program (130-140 bpm, 20 min/day, 5 days/week). Cardiac ANS activities were measured using heart rate variability (HRV) power spectral analysis in resting conditions. Following the first measurement, 100 children from the lowest total power (TP) HRV were chosen as experimental samples and the same number of age-, height-, and weight-matched controls (CG) was randomly selected from the remaining children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the low group (LG), all the frequency components of the HRV were significantly increased after the training period, whereas only low-frequency power was augmented in the control group (CG).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that the 12-month moderate exercise training has a positive effect on cardiac ANS activity in the children who initially had low HRV.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Applied Physiology, Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Narumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moritani
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D000072038:Cardiac Rehabilitation; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male