title: Cutaneous haemangioma: prevalence and sonographic characteristics of associated hepatic haemangioma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of hepatic haemangiomas (HH) occurring with multiple or large cutaneous haemangiomas (CH), and compare the ultrasound (US) characteristics of HH with morphology of concurrent CH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective and prospective sonographic and clinical analysis was undertaken on 69 patients referred for US to exclude silent HH. This comprised 62 patients referred over 6 years with six or more CH or one large CH (#10878;5 cm) and seven patients referred over 1 year with three to five small CH.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HH occurred in 45% miliary CH and 40% mixed small and large CH, but also in 12-14% of patients with one large or three or more small CH. None had HH progression. There was association between HH sonographic characteristics and CH number and morphology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinically silent HH occurred in nearly one in four of infants presenting overall with six or more small CH or large CH. Previous studies have documented HH mortality between 18 and 80%, although this was not shown in our study. Therefore, if clinical suspicion exists, US is indicated to enable early steroid treatment if significant HH are present.
authors.affiliation: Radiology Department, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London, UK. jahughes@hotmail.com
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Bruyn
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014463:Ultrasonography