title: The value of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene in preventing early re-ossification after craniosynostosis surgery: an experimental animal study in the rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Early re-ossification at the suturectomy site after craniosynostosis surgery remains an important problem. Many surgical methods have been used to address this, including placement of various types of absorbable and non-absorbable material between the bone edges at the site. This experimental study investigated the value of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) membrane as a barrier to calvarial reclosure after craniosynostosis surgery in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five 2-week-old Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into two groups. In Group A (n = 17), ePTFE membranes were placed in the defect formed by a left coronal suturectomy. The Group B rats (n = 18) underwent left coronal suturectomy only. Animals were sacrificed at 1, 2 and 4 months postoperatively. In each case, the skull was removed and the operative site was examined for fibrosis, new bone formation, bone bridging, neovascularization and inflammatory response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two groups were similar with respect to neovascularization and new bone formation. By the end of the fourth postoperative month, 50% of the Group B specimens showed fibrosis and 50% showed bridging between the bone edges at the suturectomy site. In contrast, at the same stage in Group A, only 16.6% of the specimens exhibited a small amount of fibrosis, and none showed bone bridging between the edges.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expanded PTFE is one of the most inert materials used in surgery. The study showed that inserting ePTFE membrane as a barrier between the bone edges at the suturectomy site prevents early re-ossification after craniosynostosis surgery in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Baskent University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06490, Turkey.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Calisaneller
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bavbek
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Demirhan
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Caner
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Altinörs
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D003393:Cranial Sutures / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D003398:Craniosynostoses / Q000601:surgery*; D003399:Craniotomy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009999:Ossification, Heterotopic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene