title: Embryo development after heterotopic transplantation of cryopreserved ovarian tissue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancer treatments, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and radical surgery, can induce premature menopause and infertility in hundreds of thousands of women of reproductive age every year. One of the ways to possibly preserve fertility before these treatments is to cryopreserve ovarian tissue for later transplantation. We aimed to restore fertility by cryopreservation and transplantation of ovarian tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ovarian tissue was cryopreserved from a 30-year-old woman with breast cancer before chemotherapy-induced menopause, and this tissue was transplanted beneath the skin of her abdomen 6 years later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ovarian function returned in the patient 3 months after transplantation, as shown by follicle development and oestrogen production. The patient underwent eight oocyte retrievals percutaneously and 20 oocytes were retrieved. Of the eight oocytes suitable for in-vitro fertilisation, one fertilised normally and developed into a four-cell embryo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fertility and ovarian endocrine function can be preserved in women by long-term ovarian tissue banking.
authors.affiliation: Center for Reproductive Medicine and Infertility, Joan and Sanford I Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 505 East 70th Street, HT-340, New York, NY 10021, USA. kuo9001@med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: Kutluk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oktay
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buyuk
authors.forename: Lucinda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Veeck
authors.forename: Nikica
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zaninovic
authors.forename: Kangpu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Opsahl
authors.forename: Zev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rosenwaks
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005314:Embryonic and Fetal Development / Q000502:physiology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008594:Menopause, Premature / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009865:Oocytes / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000254:growth & development; D010053:Ovary / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery / Q000637:transplantation*; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; D016042:Transplantation, Heterotopic
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004958:Estradiol; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone