title: Association between p53 gene mutations and tobacco and alcohol exposure in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the relationship between p53 gene mutations, tobacco smoke, and alcohol consumption in patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed p53 gene mutations in exons 5 through 8 by polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis in a cohort of 84 patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  p53 gene mutations were detected in 24 (28.6%) cases (95% confidence interval, 19.3%-39.5%), and the GC to TA transversion (33%) was the most common type of mutation (95% confidence interval, 15.6%-55.3%). Most mutations mapped to the p53 DNA-binding domain, which is necessary for the physiological activity of p53 as a tumor suppressor. A statistically significant association was found between p53 mutations and exposure to tobacco smoke (P=.001), which was the only variable significantly associated with p53 mutations in a multivariate model. The association with alcohol consumption was only at a borderline level of significance (P=.065).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data document that a smoking habit is the only independent variable associated with an increased risk of p53 mutations in the laryngeal mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Ospedale Maggiore-Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Domenica
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ronchetti
authors.forename: Cesare B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Neglia
authors.forename: Bruno M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Cesana
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Carboni
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neri
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pruneri
authors.forename: Lorenzo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pignataro
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000235:genetics*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics*