title: Arabinoxylan fibre improves metabolic control in people with Type II diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether diet supplementation with arabinoxylan-rich (AX)-fibre from wheat improves glycaemic control in Type II diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, crossover intervention trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Monash Medical Centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 15 subjects with Type II diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over two 5-week periods, subjects supplemented their usual diet with control bread and muffins (50% whole wheat, 50% white flour) (control diet) or with AX-bread and muffins (50% whole wheat, 36% white flour, 14% AX fibre) (AX diet). Subjects completed a 7-day food diary. At 0 and 5 weeks, venous blood was collected for determination of fasting and 2 h glucose, insulin, fructosamine and blood lipids. Blood pressure, body weight and body fat were also determined. A 24 h faecal sample, from 12 subjects, was weighed and analysed for faecal polysaccharide as a marker for dietary compliance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Control and AX diets were similar except the AX diet supplied an additional 15.1 (12.0-18.5) (mean (95% confidence intervals)) g/day dietary fibre (P=0.000). Consumption of the AX diet increased faecal output by 61.5 (0.2-122.8) g/day (P=0.05) on a wet weight basis and significantly lowered fasting and 2 h plasma glucose, 2 h insulin and serum fructosamine (P=0.002, 0.000, 0.015, and 0.02, respectively). Blood lipids, body weight, fat mass and blood pressure remained unchanged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A supplement of 15 g/day of AX-rich fibre can significantly improve glycaemic control in people with Type II diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Monash Medical Centre, Victoria, Australia.
authors.forename: Z X
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: K Z
authors.initials: KZ
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Muir
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Dea
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014990:Xylans / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D007328:Insulin; D014990:Xylans; C085118:arabinoxylan; D002784:Cholesterol