title: Complications of otitis media before placement of tympanostomy tubes in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the incidence of short-term complications from otitis media in children before placement of tympanostomy tubes (TTs) and to compare children treated according to the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research guidelines with those who were treated earlier or later than recommended.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective outcomes review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were children aged 10 or younger who had TTs inserted at a tertiary care county hospital from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2000. Exclusion criteria included prior TT placement, any concurrent head and neck procedure, and craniofacial defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tympanostomy tube placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Any occurrences of otorrhea, tympanic membrane perforation, tinnitus, antibiotic reactions, speech or language delay, febrile seizures, or meningitis before placement of TTs documented in the county hospital records were recorded as complications. Hearing loss was considered separately.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 147 children who met our criteria, 81 (55.1%) had 1 or more complications from otitis media before placement of TTs. Fifty-five (37.4%) had 2 to 6 complications documented. Adverse reactions to antibiotics were the most common complication, reported in 34 (23.1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most children in this county hospital experienced short-term complications of otitis media before receiving TTs. Even the children treated "on time" according to the guidelines from the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research experienced complications; however, adherence to the guidelines had no significant effect on complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah S F
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kacmarynski
authors.forename: Samuel C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Pearson
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Maisel
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001299:Audiometry; D002558:Cerebrospinal Fluid Otorrhea / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents