title: Anti-dysrhythmic effects of long-pulse gastric electrical stimulation in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-dysrhythmic effect of long-pulse gastric electrical stimulation (GES) in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed in 7 healthy dogs implanted with 4 pairs of serosal gastric electrodes. Each dog was studied in three sessions on 3 separate days in a randomized order with recordings of gastric slow waves. In session 1 or 2, infusion of either saline or glucagon (0.1 U/kg in 20 ml saline instilled in 40 min) was given during the 2nd and 3rd 20-min periods. The protocol of session 3 was the same as that of session 2 except that GES was performed during the 2nd 20-min period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) Glucagon induced gastric dysrhythmia and decreased gastric slow-wave coupling (ANOVA, p < 0.001). The long-pulse GES normalized glucagon-induced gastric dysrhythmia and the uncoupling of slow waves. (2) Glucagon induced symptoms and behaviors suggestive of nausea and the symptoms were not improved by long-pulse GES.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (1) Glucagon induces gastric dysrhythmias, slow-wave uncoupling and symptoms, and (2) long-pulse GES normalizes glucagon-induced gastric dysrhythmia and slow-wave uncoupling with no improvement in symptoms.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Liwei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: J D Z
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005934:Glucagon; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D005934:Glucagon