title: Optical frequency synthesis and comparison with uncertainty at the 10(-19) level.
abstract: A femtosecond laser-based optical frequency synthesizer is referenced to an optical standard, and we use it to demonstrate the generation and control of the frequency of electromagnetic fields over 100 terahertz of bandwidth with fractional uncertainties approaching 1 part in 10(19). The reproducibility of this performance is verified by comparison of different types of femtosecond laser-based frequency synthesizers from three laboratories.
authors.affiliation: Bureau International des Poids et Mesures (BIPM), Pavillon de Breteuil, 92312 Sèvres, France. lsma@phy.ecnu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Long-Sheng
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Zhiyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Albrecht
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bartels
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robertsson
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zucco
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Windeler
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilpers
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oates
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hollberg
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Diddams