title: [Expression of PTEN, p16, p21, and p53 proteins in lung cancer using tissue microarray and their clinical significance].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The genesis of lung cancer was associated with mutation or abnormal expression of PTEN, p16, p21, and p53. Tissue microarray provides a high throughout tool for genes expression. But little is reported about expression of PTEN, p16, p21, and p53 in lung cancers with tissue microarray. The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of PTEN, p16, p21, and p53 proteins and to analyze their relationship with the pathogenesis, invasion, and metastasis in lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of the antioncogene proteins in 100 cases of lung cancer and corresponding adjacent tissues were determined by tissue microarray combined with immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive expression rates of PTEN, p16, p21, and p53 proteins were 31% (31/100), 38% (38/100), 42% (42/100), 53% (53/100) in lung cancer tissues, and were 85% (85/100), 72% (72/100), 80% (80/100), and 23% (23/100) in the adjacent cancer tissues, respectively, showing a low expression of PTEN, p16, p21 in cancer tissues, and high expression of p53 outside of them (P< 0.05, P< 0.01). Furthermore, the expression of PTEN, P16, and p53 proteins showed positive correlation with the clinical degrees and pathological stages of lung squamous carcinomas and adenocarcinomas (P< 0.05,P< 0.01). In lung cancer with lymph node metastasis, the expression of PTEN, p16, and p21 were low, but the expression of p53 increased significantly (P< 0.05, P< 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tissue microarray provided a useful high-throughout tool for multigene expression in large-scale investigations. There existed low expression of PTEN, p16, p21 proteins and over-expression of mutated p53 protein. Coexpression of these antioncogenes played an important role in invasion and metastasis in lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, PR China. baileyliao@21cn.com
authors.forename: Xiao-Bo
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Dong-Xu
authors.initials: DX
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xin-Min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Feng-Lei
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yun-Chang
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Ming-Jiu
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000032:analysis*; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000032:analysis*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human