title: Delayed versus immediate surgery in acute appendicitis: do we need to operate during the night?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Over the last 4 years, the authors changed their management of acute nonperforated appendicitis from emergent surgery within the first 2 to 6 hours of admission to initiation of antibiotic therapy with operation within 24 hours of admission in those seen in the late evening or early morning. They examined, therefore, whether a delay in operation for acute appendicitis would affect outcome measures of patient morbidity and resource use.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 126 patients with acute appendicitis occurring between 1998 and 2001 were retrospectively reviewed. Incidence of perforation at surgery, length of stay (LOS), hospital charges, operating time, and complications as a function of duration between emergency room (ER) triage and operation (ER-OR) or admission and operation (Admit-OR) were analyzed by Student's t test, and regression analysis with P less than.05 considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-eight children (26%) were operated on within 6 hours of ER triage, whereas the remaining 88 children (74%) were operated on between 6 and 24 hours from ER triage. No significant difference was noted in perforation rate, LOS, costs, or operative time, nor were substantial changes in complications noted between those with an ER-OR < or =6 hours and greater than 6 hours. Likewise, no significant differences in these outcome measures were noted for Admit-OR greater than 6 when compared with < or =6 hours. Only costs with ER-OR greater than 12 hours and LOS with Admit-OR greater than 6 hours were significantly (without Bonferroni correction) different than < or = 6 hours. Multivariable linear regression analysis identified only LOS as a significant predictor of time to OR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In children with acute appendicitis, delaying surgery until the daytime hours did not significantly affect operating time, perforation rate, or complications. Delayed management allows greater efficiency and effective use of physician and hospital resources, including decreased resident involvement in operations during the night.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0245, USA.
authors.forename: Dani
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yardeni
authors.forename: Ronald B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Hirschl
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Drongowski
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Teitelbaum
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Geiger
authors.forename: Arnold G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Coran
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001062:Appendectomy / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000601:surgery; D007902:Length of Stay; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D009551:Night Care / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents