title: Modulation of anti-adhesion molecule MUC-1 is associated with arctiin-induced growth inhibition in PC-3 cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Lignans have been reported to possess anti-tumor activity in various cancer cells. However, their anticancer effects in human prostate cancer have not been well established. Here, we examine the effect of arctiin, a lignan compound, on growth regulation in prostate cancer PC-3 cells. We postulated that arctiin modulates the attachment/detachment of PC-3 cells and we investigated the role of arctiin on MUC-1 expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of arctiin on PC-3 cell growth was examined using an MTT assay method and cell number was calculated by means of a standard regression line. The expressions of MUC-1 and integrins alpha2, alpha5, and beta1 were detected using FACScan flow cytometric analysis. Levels of MUC-1 mRNA were determined using reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment of PC-3 cells with arctiin decreased the cell number in a concentration- and time-dependent manner in serum-containing condition. Arctiin preferentially induced cell detachment, but did not have anti-proliferation or cytotoxic effects in PC-3 cells. The arctiin-induced effect was inhibited by cycloheximide, indicating that protein synthesis was required. FACScan flow cytometric analysis demonstrated that arctiin increased the expression of the anti-adhesion mucin MUC-1, but did not affect integrin expression in PC-3 cells. The arctiin-induced increase in MUC-1 protein expression was due to up-regulation of mRNA, as revealed by RT-PCR analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arctiin significantly induces cell detachment and decreases the cell numbers via the up-regulation of MUC-1 mRNA and protein in PC-3 cells.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacological Institute, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Dong-Ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jih-Hwa
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Guh
authors.forename: Shih-Chieh
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chueh
authors.forename: Che-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Teng
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005663:Furans / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D018396:Mucin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005663:Furans; D005960:Glucosides; D018396:Mucin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C077992:arctiin