title: Stroke and neurodegenerative disorders. 4. Neurodegenerative disorders.
abstract: This self-directed learning module highlights diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation issues in patients with neurodegenerative disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). It is part of the study guide on stroke and neurodegenerative disorders in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. This article specifically focuses on the differential diagnosis, diagnostic evaluation, medical management, and rehabilitation issues in MS. Similarly, the differential diagnosis treatment and rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease is discussed. Electrodiagnosis, pharmacologic treatment, and rehabilitation options for ALS are also discussed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the differential diagnosis, evaluation, medical treatment, and rehabilitation management of patients with MS, Parkinson's disease, and ALS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, 84132, USA. phillip.bryant@hsc.utah.edu
authors.forename: Phillip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Bryant
authors.forename: Carolyn C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Geis
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moroz
authors.forename: Bryan J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: O'neill
authors.forename: Ross A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bogey
mesh_terms: D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*