title: Two-year fusion rate equivalency between Grafton DBM gel and autograft in posterolateral spine fusion: a prospective controlled trial employing a side-by-side comparison in the same patient.
abstract: METHODS
  Multicenter, prospective equivalency trial with each patient serving as his/her own control.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effectiveness of a Grafton DBM gel composite with iliac crest autograft in posterolateral spine fusion.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  While autograft remains the preferred graft material to facilitate spine fusion, the supply is limited and harvesting produces undesirable clinical consequences.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 120 patients underwent posterolateral spine fusion with pedicle screw fixation and bone grafting. Iliac crest autograft was implanted on one side of the spine and a Grafton DBM/autograft composite was implanted on the contralateral side in the same patient. An independent, blinded reviewer evaluated anteroposterior and lateral flexion-extension radiographs. The fusion mass lateral to the instrumentation on each side was judged fused or not, and the mineralization of the graft was rated absent, mild, moderate, or extensive. The degree of correspondence in outcomes between sides was estimated by computing the percentage agreement and kappa statistic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly 70% of patients (81 of 120) provided complete 24-month radiographic studies. The bone graft mass was fused in 42 cases (52%) on the Grafton DBMside and in 44 cases (54%) on the autograft side. The overall percentage agreement for fusion status between sides was approximately 75% (61 of 81), indicating moderately strong statistical correspondence (kappa = 0.51, P < 0.0001). Bone mineralization ratings also were similar between treated sides. Perfect agreement was realized in almost 60% of patients (48 of 81) with moderate statistical correspondence (weighted kappa = 0.54, P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Grafton DBM can extend a smaller quantity of autograft than is normally required to achieve a solid spinal arthrodesis. Consequently, a reduced amount of harvested autograft may be required, potentially diminishing the risk and severity of donor site complications.
authors.affiliation: Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Frank P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Cammisa
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lowery
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Garfin
authors.forename: Fred H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Geisler
authors.forename: Peter M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Klara
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: McGuire
authors.forename: Walter R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Sassard
authors.forename: Harrison
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stubbs
authors.forename: Jon E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Block
mesh_terms: D001857:Bone Matrix; D001863:Bone Screws; D015299:Discitis / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005782:Gels; D005990:Glycerol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium / Q000637:transplantation; D016268:Internal Fixators; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012447:Sacrum / Q000601:surgery; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D013168:Spondylolisthesis / Q000601:surgery; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; C497176:Grafton demineralized bone matrix gel; D005990:Glycerol