title: Prevention by bovine milk against Helicobacter pylori-associated atrophic gastritis through its adherence inhibition.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of Helicobacter pylori infection on the development of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia in relation to lifestyle and diet and the effect of the bovine milk on H. pylori adherence to gastric antral mucosa were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  H. pylori infection was investigated in 63 patients without endoscopic evidence of gastroduodenal disease. Presence of H. pylori infection was assessed by culture and histologic examination of antral and corpus biopsy samples. Grades of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia were judged with chromoendoscopy (Congo red-methylene blue test). Adherence of H. pylori was evaluated with scanning electron microscopic examination of antral mucosa in Mongolian gerbils.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cross-sectional analysis of lifestyle and diet showed that a high intake of bovine milk was significantly related to prevention of H. pylori infection and the developments of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia. H. pylori adherence to the gastric mucosa was inhibited by bovine milk in a dose-dependent manner.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bovine milk prevents the development of atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia through its defense mechanisms against the attachment of H. pylori to the gastric mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan. akechans@aol.com
authors.forename: Ikuko
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akedo
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatsuta
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Narahara
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iishi
authors.forename: Noriya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uedo
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yano
authors.forename: Ryu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higashino
authors.forename: Tetsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takemura
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D004396:Coloring Agents; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003224:Congo Red; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D005757:Gastritis, Atrophic / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008751:Methylene Blue; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D016017:Odds Ratio
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D003224:Congo Red; D008751:Methylene Blue