title: Rhetoric and reality on acute pain services in the UK: a national postal questionnaire survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The study aimed to explore the extent to which NHS acute pain services (APSs) have been established in accordance with national guidance, and to assess the degree to which clinicians in acute pain management believe that these services are fulfilling their role.
  
  
  METHODS
  A postal questionnaire survey addressed to the head of the acute pain service was sent to 403 National Health Service hospitals each carrying out more than 1000 operative procedures a year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Completed questionnaires were received from 81% (325) of the hospitals, of which 83% (270) had an established acute pain service. Most of these (86%) described their service as Monday-Friday with a reduced service at other times; only 5% described their service as covering 24 hours, 7 days a week. In the majority of hospitals (68%), the on-call anaesthetist was the sole provider of out of hours services. Services were categorized by respondents as thriving (30%), struggling to manage (52%) or non-existent (17%). There was widespread agreement (> or =85%) on the principles that should underpin acute pain services, and similar agreement on the need for better organizational approaches (95%) rather than new treatments and delivery techniques (19%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  More than a decade since the 1990 report Pain after Surgery, national coverage of comprehensive acute pain services is still far from being achieved. Despite wide consensus about the problems, concrete solutions are proving hard to implement. There is strong support for a two-fold response: securing greater political commitment to pain services and using organizational approaches to address current deficits.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Public Policy and Management, University of St Andrews, St Andrews KY16 9AL, UK. aep2@st-andrews.ac.uk
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: H T O
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bannister
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Macrae
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D018710:Pain Clinics / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards / Q000600:supply & distribution; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D013222:State Medicine / Q000592:standards; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom