title: The spectrum of urological disease in patients with spina bifida.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  [corrected] Urological complications are the major cause of ill health during childhood and adult life of patients with spina bifida but the significance of urinary tract disease on the individual and the healthcare services is underemphasised.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of spina bifida on the individual and the healthcare services.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed to assess the frequency and significance of urological conditions requiring hospital attendance in patients with spina bifida currently attending a specialised multidisciplinary clinic over a period of six months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary sepsis accounted for the majority of admissions (62%), while 38 of 62 patients required 60 surgical procedures. Targeting the primary urological abnormality (the dysfunctional and usually poorly compliant bladder) allows implementation of effective treatments, including regular intermittent bladder catherisation (52%) in order to preserve upper renal tract function. Associated postural abnormalities complicated both conservative and interventional therapies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study highlights the surgical commitment for units caring for patients with spina bifida, the important considerations for the future healthcare services, and the range and severity of urological diseases encountered by these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Cork University Hospital, Ireland. cahillronan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Cahill
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kiely
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000150:complications*; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology