Lung cancer staging.
The staging of lung cancer is a continuously progressing field, with advances in technology not only improving prognostic accuracy, but fundamentally changing pre-operative investigation algorithms. Noninvasive staging is currently undergoing revolutionary developments with the advent of Positron Emission Tomography, whereas Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery has already been established as an essential, minimally invasive diagnostic tool for invasive histological staging. Molecular staging may transform future lung cancer staging, promising extremely accurate substaging, and potentially prompting a revision of our anatomically based conceptualization of lung cancer spread. This review presents an appraisal of current lung cancer staging modalities, and presents an overview of recent developments in molecular staging.
Sihoe
Alan D L
AD
Department of Surgery, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
Yim
Anthony P C
AP
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D019160:Endosonography; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008481:Mediastinoscopy; D008482:Mediastinum; D009333:Neck; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; D013908:Thoracotomy; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
D015415:Biomarkers