title: Sports and performing arts medicine. 5. Issues relating to musicians.
abstract: This self-directed learning module discusses classic topics and highlights new advances in this topic area. This article, which discusses upper-limb injuries in musicians, is a section of the study guide on sports and performing arts medicine in the Self-Directed Physiatric Education Program for practitioners and trainees in physical medicine and rehabilitation. This article uses case vignettes to elaborate on issues relating to musicians.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To summarize overuse injury, nerve entrapment, and focal dystonia in instrumental musicians.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago, IL 60611, USA. stoledo@rehabchicago.org
authors.forename: Santiago D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Toledo
authors.forename: Scott F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Nadler
authors.forename: Richard N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: Venu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Akuthota
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.forename: Larry H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Chou
mesh_terms: D012090:Cumulative Trauma Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006804:Ergonomics; D006801:Humans; D009146:Music; D009408:Nerve Compression Syndromes / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology*