title: Flow cytometric quantitation of the protective efficacy of dendritic cell based vaccines in a human papillomavirus type 16 murine challenge model.
abstract: A murine model for the assessment of protective immunity to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16, a virus that does not naturally infect mice, is described. In this system, protection was tested following intranasal challenge of mice with a recombinant vaccinia virus expressing both the selected HPV antigen and a beta-galactosidase (beta-gal) reporter. The extent of viral infectivity was determined by measuring beta-gal positive lung cells using flow cytometry. The efficacy of this model to measure protective immunity was evaluated by priming mice with the beta-gal vaccinia virus then challenging the mice with the same virus. Vaccinia primed mice had negligible numbers of beta-gal positive cells in the lung 5 days following viral challenge indicating protection, whereas around 50% of cells were infected in immunologically naive, challenged mice. The protective efficacy of two dendritic cell vaccines for HPV16 was measured in this model. Both vaccines provided some protection to subsequent viral challenge, compared with their controls. Although this protection model was applied to HPV in this study, it may also have broad application to other viruses that do not infect mice naturally.
authors.affiliation: Virus Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9001, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Lucy
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Heinemann
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dillon
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: B Thomas
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Bäckström
authors.forename: Merilyn H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hibma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D023421:Models, Animal; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C098597:E2 protein, Human papillomavirus type 31; D053918:Papillomavirus Vaccines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D001616:beta-Galactosidase