Comparable sensitivity and specificity in three commercially available ELISAs to differentiate between cattle infected with or vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease virus.
Three commercially available ELISAs for the detection of antibodies to the non-structural proteins of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) were evaluated, using sera from uninfected, vaccinated, infected, inoculated, first vaccinated and subsequently infected, and first vaccinated and subsequently inoculated cattle. We compared antibody kinetics to non-structural proteins, sensitivity, and specificity. One of the ELISAs had a higher sensitivity and much lower specificity than the other two, therefore we established standardised cutoff values for the compared assays using receiver operated characteristic (ROC) curves. Using the standardised cutoff values, all three ELISAs produced comparable results with respect to sensitivity and specificity. Antibody development to non-structural proteins after infection and after vaccination/infection was not significantly different. Development of antibodies, however, both neutralising and directed to non-structural proteins, was significantly delayed after intranasal inoculation as compared to intradermolingual infection. Based on results of sera obtained after vaccination and experimental infection all three assays can be used for testing sera collected between 4 weeks and 6 months after infection. More information is needed on the prevalence of positive reactors in a situation where emergency vaccination has been used and FMD transmission was still observed.
Moonen
Peter
P
Central Institute for Animal Disease Control (CIDC), P.O. Box 2004, 8203 AA Lelystad, The Netherlands. peter.moonen@wur.nl
van der Linde
Elma
E
Chénard
Gilles
G
Dekker
Aldo
A
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012372:ROC Curve; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines