[Alcohol drinking in the time of political transition in Poland. Report of the National Health Programme ].
The National Health Programme was adopted in Poland in the mid-1990s. It consists of 18 targets including target 4 that calls for diminishing alcohol consumption and changing its structure as well as limiting health harms associated with alcohol. The programme is being monitored on bi-annual basis. The monitoring covers a level of alcohol consumption and associated harm including trends in mortality and morbidity as well as in road accidents in 1990-2001 period. During the period in point, particularly in the beginning of the transition alcohol consumption increased at least by one third reaching 10-11 litres of pure ethanol per capita, mostly due to sudden disruption of the alcohol control system and high tide of unrecorded supply. Currently, the consumption is estimated to be 9.5-10.0 litres with 30% share of the unrecorded. During last decade recorded morbidity due to mental disorders associated with alcohol increased by 80% and 60% respectively in out- and in-patient system while mortality rates almost doubled. Male mortality due to liver diseases increased by 50% while that of women remained relatively flat. In last few years, alcohol related mortality tended to decline slightly parallel to consumption trends. Significant improvement has been achieved in prevention of drunken diving. The number of deaths in alcohol related road accidents decreased two fold while a rate of drunken crashes per 1000 vehicles dropped three times.
Moskalewicz
Jacek
J
moskalew@ipin.edu.pl
Zulewska-Sak
Justyna
J
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006266:Health Education / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008104:Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / Q000517:prevention & control; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D011057:Politics; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000592:standards; D017678:Sex Distribution