title: Multiple excitation confocal analysis of targets in nuclei of cytogenetic preparations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate that cellular preparations requiring color analysis of different domains stained by molecular cytogenetic methods (fluorescence in situ hybridization) can be processed by spectral analysis of fluorescent emissions by either factor analysis of medical image sequences (FAMIS) or a META confocal configuration to isolate fluorescent probes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-dimensional sequences of images obtained by spectral analysis in a META confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss SAS, Jena, Germany) were analyzed by META processing and the FAMIS algorithm, which provides factor curves. META and factor images were then the result of image-processing methods that cover emission spectra.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor curves and factor or META images can help to analyze targets inside nuclei.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to process preparations containing numerous spots on different colors to differentiate stained targets and to improve visualization and detection.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U494, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, 75634 Paris, France. kahn@imed.jussieu.fr
authors.forename: Edmond
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Receveur
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Coullin
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frouin
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blanco-Soulas
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Todd-Pokropek
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bernheim
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D002879:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D002896:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins