title: Role of inherited defects of MYH in the development of sporadic colorectal cancer.
abstract: Biallelic germ-line variants of the 8-hydroxyguanine repair gene MYH have been associated with multiple colorectal adenomas that display somatic G:C-->T:A transversions in APC. However, the effect of single germ-line variants has not been widely studied. To examine the relationship between monoallelic MYH variants and susceptibility to sporadic colorectal cancer (CRC), 92 cases of sporadic CRC, 19 cases of familial CRC not meeting the Bethesda guidelines, 17 cases with multiple adenomas, and 53 normal blood donors were screened for 8 potentially pathogenic germ-line MYH variants. Loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 1p adjacent to the MYH locus, microsatellite instability (MSI) status, and somatic mutations in KRAS2 and APC were analyzed in sporadic cancers. Neither homozygote nor compound heterozygote MYH variants were observed in the germ-line of any subjects with sporadic CRC. There was no difference in the incidence of monoallelic variants between this group (20 of 92, 22%) and cancer-free controls (14 of 53, 26%). However, the presence of monoallelic germ-line MYH variants was negatively associated with an MSI-high (MSI-H) tumor phenotype, with an incidence of only 1 of 23 (4%) MSI-H CRCs as contrasted with 19 of 69 (28%) non-MSI-H (P=0.02). Further, 4 of 5 tumors with 1p LOH contained monoallelic MYH variants compared with 15 of 53 without 1p LOH (P=0.04) and the normal population (P=0.03). The presence of G:C-->T:A transversions in KRAS2 or APC was significantly more common in single MYH variant tumors (9 of 12) than in MYH wild-type tumors (11 of 33; P=0.02). These results suggest that single germ-line variants of MYH may influence genetic pathways in CRC.
authors.affiliation: Conjoint Gastroenterology Laboratory, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital Research Foundation and Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kambara
authors.forename: Vicki L J
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Whitehall
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Spring
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Coral V A
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Wynter
authors.forename: Nagahide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Joanne P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Leggett
authors.forename: Jeremy R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jass
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D017491:Genes, APC; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D019680:Trinucleotide Repeat Expansion / Q000235:genetics; D018631:ras Proteins
chemical_list: C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C061738:mutY adenine glycosylase; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins