title: Expression profiling to predict postoperative prognosis for estrogen receptor-negative breast cancers by analysis of 25,344 genes on a cDNA microarray.
abstract: Estrogen receptor (ER) status is an essential determinant of clinical and biological behavior of human breast cancers. While ER-positive breast cancers respond well to adjuvant hormone therapy, ER-negative tumors are generally resistant. To date, no attempts have succeeded in finding molecular markers for classifying ER-negative breast cancers with respect to postoperative prognosis. To identify a set of prognostic markers for this type of cancer, we used a cDNA microarray consisting of 25,344 human genes to investigate expression profiles of ten primary breast cancers from patients who had died of breast cancer within 5 years after surgery (5y-D) and 10 from patients who had survived disease-free for more than 5 years (5y-S). Sets of genes characterizing each group were identified by Mann-Whitney and random-permutation tests. We documented 71 genes with higher expression in the 5y-D group than in the 5y-S group, and 15 with higher expression in the 5y-S group than in the 5y-D group. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR experiments were carried out to confirm the results of the microarray analysis. We established a scoring system for predicting postoperative prognosis of ER-negative breast cancers on the basis of aberrant gene expression. The list of genes reported here provides valuable information with regard to progression of breast cancer and is a source of possible target molecules for development of novel drugs to treat patients with ER-negative breast cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Gerontology, Nippon Medical School, 1-396 Kosugi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki 211-8533, Japan.
authors.forename: Takemitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagahata
authors.forename: Masamitsu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Onda
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Emi
authors.forename: Hisaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsumagari
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Takamichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kiyohiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Futoshi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Goi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Fujio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kasumi
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Tatsuhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D017931:DNA Primers; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011379:Prognosis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017931:DNA Primers; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen