title: De novo crypt formation and juvenile polyposis on BMP inhibition in mouse intestine.
abstract: Little is known about the signaling mechanisms that determine the highly regular patterning of the intestinal epithelium into crypts and villi. With the use of mouse models, we show that bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-4 expression occurs exclusively in the intravillus mesenchyme. Villus epithelial cells respond to the BMP signal. Inhibition of BMP signaling by transgenic expression of noggin results in the formation of numerous ectopic crypt units perpendicular to the crypt-villus axis. These changes phenocopy the intestinal histopathology of patients with the cancer predisposition syndrome juvenile polyposis (JP), including the frequent occurrence of intraepithelial neoplasia. Many JP cases are known to harbor mutations in BMP pathway genes. These data indicate that intestinal BMP signaling represses de novo crypt formation and polyp growth.
authors.affiliation: Hubrecht Laboratory, Netherlands Institute for Developmental Biology, Uppsalalaan 8, 3584 CT Utrecht, Netherlands.
authors.forename: Anna-Pavlina G
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Haramis
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Begthel
authors.forename: Maaike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van den Born
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Es
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jonkheer
authors.forename: G Johan A
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Offerhaus
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Clevers
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D044483:Intestinal Polyposis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014981:Xenopus; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D000099176:Noggin Protein
chemical_list: D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D000099176:Noggin Protein; C525810:Bmp4 protein, mouse; C495266:CTNNB1 protein, Xenopus; C495267:CTNNB1 protein, mouse; C525812:bmp4 protein, Xenopus