title: TGFbeta1 polymorphism (L10P) and risk of colorectal adenomatous and hyperplastic polyps.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGFbeta1) is a multifunctional signalling molecule with a wide array of roles. Animal experiments suggest that TGFbeta1 plays a biphasic role in carcinogenesis by protecting against the early formation of benign epithelial growths, but promoting malignant transformation of those growths that do develop. A polymorphism in the signal peptide sequence of the TGFbeta1 gene (L10P) has been associated with increased levels of plasma TGFbeta1 in individuals with the P allele.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated whether this polymorphism was associated with the risk of colorectal adenomatous or hyperplastic polyps in a case-control study of individuals from Minnesota. Risk of colorectal polyps was evaluated separately for individuals with adenomatous polyps (n = 513) and hyperplastic polyps (n = 191) relative to polyp-free controls (n = 606) using logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No overall association was seen between the L10P polymorphism and risk of colorectal adenomatous polyps. The age- and sex-adjusted odds ratios (OR) of developing colorectal hyperplastic polyps were 1.0 (95% CI: 0.7, 1.4) and 0.7 (95% CI: 0.4, 1.1) for individuals with the LP and PP genotypes, respectively, compared with individuals with the LL genotype. When stratified by smoking, evidence for a decreased risk of hyperplastic polyps associated with the P allele was seen only among ever smokers (P for trend = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whereas adenoma risk did not vary by TGFbeta1 L10P genotype, these results suggest that the L10P variant allele may have a protective role in the development of colorectal hyperplastic polyps, possibly consistent with its role as an inhibitor of epithelial growths.
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington 98109, USA.
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sparks
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bigler
authors.forename: Justin G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Sibert
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Cornelia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ulrich
mesh_terms: D018256:Adenomatous Polyps / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1