title: Effect of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc on the differentiation pathway of human periodontal ligament cells.
abstract: We examined the effect of beta-alanyl-L-histidinato zinc (AHZ) on the differentiation of human periodontal ligament (HPDL) cells. HPDL cells were cultured with alpha-minimum essential medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum with or without 10(-4) or 10(-5) M AHZ for up to 10 days. The expression of runt-related transcription factor-2/core binding factor alpha-1 (RUNX2/Cbfa1), Sox9, bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), and BMP receptors was measured using semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reactions. Phosphorylation of Smad1 was determined using a Western blot analysis. RUNX2/Cbfa1 expression increased markedly in cells cultured with AHZ, while Sox9 expression increased slightly. BMP-7 expression was much higher than that of controls in cultures with AHZ, whereas BMP-2 expression was only slightly higher. The expression of BMP receptors increased markedly in cells cultured with AHZ. The phosphorylation of Smad1, a signal-transducing molecule for BMP-2 and BMP-7, was increased markedly in cultures with AHZ. The results suggest that AHZ diverts the differentiation pathway of HPDL cells to the osteoblast lineage via BMP-2 or BMP-7.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Health Sciences, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Kanda Surugadai, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan. maeno@dent.nihon-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeno
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ito-Kato
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Tadahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takayama
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Kichibee
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Otsuka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002336:Carnosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; D051785:Smad Proteins; D051898:Smad1 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D017967:Zinc Compounds
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; C497399:SMAD1 protein, human; D055758:SOX9 Transcription Factor; C527932:SOX9 protein, human; D051785:Smad Proteins; D051898:Smad1 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C061957:polaprezinc; D002336:Carnosine; D052004:Bone Morphogenetic Protein Receptors