title: REG I as a marker for human pancreatic acinoductular cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several studies have suggested that pancreatic exocrine cells are able to differentiate into endocrine cells. REG I has been shown to be crucial for induction of ductal epithelial cells to differentiate into insulin producing cells. To date, however, there has been no study which examined the expression of REG I along with other differentiation markers in patients with chronic pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six cases with chronic pancreatitis and the pancreata from the age-matched autopsy cases of unrelated diseases (n=2) were included in this study and examined by immunostaining methods using antibodies against human REG I protein, trypsin, insulin, chromogranin A, cytokeratin 19 and Ki-67.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In chronic pancreatitis, REG I was found in acinar and acinoductular cells and the latter were also characterized by cytokeratin 19 positivity. The acinoductular cells showed the budding of REG I-positive cells which were also trypsin- and chromogranin A-positive. MIB-1 antibody against Ki-67 was found negative in the ductal, acinoductular and islet cells reflecting low proliferation in these cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study revealed that acinoductular cells characterized by dual expression of REG I and cytokeratin 19 also express insulin, chromogranin A and trypsin and therefore supports the hypothesis that transdifferentiation of fully differentiated (acinar) cells may be the main source of islet neogenesis in patients with chronic pancreatitis. However, low proliferation rate in these cells limits the regeneration capacity of the pancreatic tissue in these cases. The present results of double staining of REG I with cytokeratin 19, chromogranin A and insulin in the acinoductular cells indicate that REG I may be used as a marker for these cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Nagoya University, School of Medicine Nagoya, Japan.
authors.forename: Ekmel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tezel
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagasaka
authors.forename: Gaye
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tezel
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takasawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Akimasa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakao
mesh_terms: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D051847:Lithostathine; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology*; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000166:cytology; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014357:Trypsin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D051847:Lithostathine; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C497617:REG1A protein, human; D007633:Keratins; D014357:Trypsin