title: Tenofovir-related nephrotoxicity: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Tenofovir is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor for treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Several cases of renal failure associated with tenofovir therapy recently have been reported. A 54-year-old man with HIV experienced decreasing renal function and Fanconi's syndrome secondary to tenofovir therapy. His condition gradually improved after discontinuation of the drug. The available medical literature for reported cases of tenofovir-related nephrotoxicity indicates that this complication is apparently rare. However, our case report and literature review underscore the importance of monitoring renal function when treating patients with any nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor.
authors.affiliation: HIV Community Program, Christiana Care Health Services, Wilmington, Delaware 19899-1668, USA. Cjames@christianacare.org
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Mary C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Steinhaus
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Szabo
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Dressier
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D000225:Adenine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019963:Clinical Chemistry Tests / Q000379:methods; D005198:Fanconi Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018119:Stavudine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068698:Tenofovir; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D000068698:Tenofovir; D018119:Stavudine; D000225:Adenine