title: Mucosal cytokine production during remission after resection for Crohn's disease and its relationship to future relapse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether mucosal cytokine production during remission after resection for Crohn's disease is a predictor of future relapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients who remained in remission after resection for terminal ileal or ileo-caecal Crohn's disease were included. At enrollment, blood and mucosal (ileal and rectal biopsies) samples were collected. All patients were followed up regularly for 1 year after enrollment and the disease activity was assessed according to the Crohn's disease activity index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty patients remained in remission and 16 patients relapsed during the 1-year follow-up. Interleukin-1 beta, interleukin-6 and tumour necrosis factor-alpha levels in the ileal mucosa were significantly higher in relapsed patients than in patients in remission. These cytokine levels in the rectal mucosa were not associated with relapse. Conventional blood markers and plasma cytokine levels did not correlate with relapse. Amongst the clinical parameters, a younger age, short disease duration before operation and fistulating disease were risk factors for relapse. In multivariate analysis, only the ileal interleukin-6 level was an independent significant predictor for relapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The interleukin-6 level in the ileal mucosa during remission after resection for ileal or ileo-caecal Crohn's disease is an independent significant predictor for future relapse.
authors.affiliation: Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre and Department of Surgery, Yokkaichi Social Insurance Hospital, Yokkaichi, Mie, Japan. nao-taka@sannet.ne.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Umegae
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D016207:Cytokines