title: Bone morphogenetic protein-2 stimulates angiogenesis in developing tumors.
abstract: Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP-2) is highly overexpressed in the majority of patient-derived lung carcinomas. However, a mechanism revealing its role in cancer has not been established. Here we report that BMP-2 enhances the neovascularization of developing tumors. Recombinant BMP-2 stimulated blood vessel formation in tumors formed from A549 cells injected s.c. into thymic nude mice. Recombinant BMP-2 also enhanced angiogenesis in Matrigel plugs containing A549 cells in nude mice. The BMP-2 antagonist noggin abrogated BMP-2-induced angiogenic response. Furthermore, antisense transfection of BMP-2 cDNA resulted in a decrease in blood vessel formation in the Matrigel assays. BMP-2 induced tube formation in both human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) and umbilical vein endothelial cells. BMP-2 also stimulated proliferation of HAEC. The ability of BMP-2 to activate endothelial cells was further demonstrated by its ability to phosphorylate Smad 1/5/8 and ERK-1/2 and to increase expression of Id1. This study reveals that BMP-2 enhanced the angiogenic response in developing tumors. Furthermore, these data suggest that BMP-2 stimulation of angiogenesis may involve the activation of endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ 08903-0019, USA.
authors.forename: Elaine M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Langenfeld
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Langenfeld
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004338:Drug Combinations; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D051798:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1; D007797:Laminin; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051785:Smad Proteins; D051898:Smad1 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C525719:Bmp2 protein, mouse; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004338:Drug Combinations; C497453:ID1 protein, human; C497455:Idb1 protein, mouse; D051798:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C497399:SMAD1 protein, human; D051785:Smad Proteins; D051898:Smad1 Protein; C497401:Smad1 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; C059485:matrigel; D003094:Collagen; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases