title: Lack of physician concordance with guidelines on the perioperative use of beta-blockers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The American College of Physicians recommends perioperative use of beta-blockers for certain patients to improve outcomes after surgery. Study of physician behavior with respect to guidelines and recommended practices have shown that beta-blockers have been underutilized after myocardial infarction. We evaluated physician concordance with the perioperative use of beta-blockers along with a specialty-related difference in the frequency of perioperative beta-blocker use.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine perioperative use of beta-blockers, we retrospectively analyzed the medical charts of adult patients who underwent open cholecystectomy at a tertiary care medical center from December 1997 through December 2001. Patients met criteria for perioperative beta-blocker use if they had a history of coronary artery disease or if they had the presence of 2 or more of the following risk factors: 65 years or older; history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, or hypercholesterolemia; or current smoking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 336 cases of cholecystectomy reviewed, criteria for beta-blocker use were met in 146 patients (43%) who did not have emergency operations and/or contraindications to beta-blocker use. Of these 146 patients, 123 (84%) had a documented preoperative medical evaluation by a physician in the medical chart. There were 44 patients (30%) receiving beta-blockers prior to admission, and 102 patients (70%) were not receiving beta-blockers. Of those 102 patients not receiving beta-blockers at admission but who meet criteria for their use, 94 (92%) were not started on beta-blocker therapy preoperatively. Of the 18 patients evaluated by a cardiologist, 4 (22%) were started on beta-blocker therapy compared with 3 (6%) of 47 patients evaluated by a noncardiologist physician (P =.08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perioperative beta-blocker therapy is underutilized in patients with risk factors for coronary artery disease despite evidence that its use in appropriate individuals may be lifesaving.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, the Long Island Campus for the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, New Hyde Park, NY 11040, USA.
authors.forename: Anita K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.forename: Shahid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Delbeau
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Conner
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mattana
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000592:standards*; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists