Compound K induces expression of hyaluronan synthase 2 gene in transformed human keratinocytes and increases hyaluronan in hairless mouse skin.
Ginsenosides, the major active ingredients of ginseng, have a variety of biomedical efficacies such as anti-aging, anti-oxidation, and anti-inflammatory activities. To understand the effects of compound K (20-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20(S)-protopanaxadiol), one of the major metabolites of ginsenosides, on the skin, we assessed the expression levels of about 100 transcripts in compound K-treated HaCaT cells using cDNA microarray analysis. One gene up-regulated by compound K was hyaluronan synthase2 (HAS2). Semi-quantitative RT-PCR showed that compound K increased HAS2 mRNA in time- and dose-dependent manners. ELISA and immunocytochemistry using hyaluronan (HA)-binding protein showed that compound K effectively increased HA production in HaCaT cells. Finally, treatment of compound K on hairless mouse skin increased the amount of HA in the epidermis and papillary dermis. Our study suggests that topical application of compound K might prevent or improve the deteriorations, such as xerosis and wrinkles, partly ascribed to the age-dependent decrease of the HA content in human skin.
Kim
Sujong
S
R&D Center, Amore-Pacific Corporation, 314-1 Borari, Kiheung-eup, Yongin-si, Kyounggi-do 449-729, South Korea. sundance@amorepacific.com
Kang
Byung Young
BY
Cho
Si Yong
SY
Sung
Dae Suk
DS
Chang
Hui Kyung
HK
Yeom
Myung Hun
MH
Kim
Duk Hee
DH
Sim
Young Chul
YC
Lee
Yong Sung
YS
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D004817:Epidermis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D000076002:Hyaluronan Synthases; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D012867:Skin / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
D036145:Ginsenosides; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D000076002:Hyaluronan Synthases; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; C112772:ginsenoside compound K; C101754:HAS2 protein, human; C491099:Has2 protein, mouse