title: Docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil in patients with locally advanced unresectable head and neck cancer: a phase I-II feasibility study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the safety profile and activity of the combination of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in chemotherapy-naive patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with locally advanced unresectable SCCHN were treated with docetaxel and cisplatin both as a 1-h infusion on day 1 followed by a continuous infusion of 5-FU for 5 days. Cycles were planned every 3 weeks up to four cycles, whereafter the patients were treated with locoregional radiotherapy. Two dose levels were studied. Doses in level I were 75 mg/m(2) of docetaxel, 75 mg/m(2) of cisplatin and 750 mg/m(2)/day of 5-FU; in level II the cisplatin dose was escalated to 100 mg/m(2). Following chemotherapy, all patients were to receive curative radiotherapy according to the standards in the different institutions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-five patients were treated at dose level I with 86 cycles (median four; range one to four), and 23 at dose level II with 84 cycles (median four; range two to four). The median relative dose intensity was 0.99 (range 0.86-1.04) at level I and 0.94 (range 0.79-1.02) at level II. The response rate in the intention-to-treat population was 64% [95% confidence interval (CI) 42.5% to 82%] in level I and 78.3% (95% CI 56.3% to 92.5%) in level II; all were partial responses. The maximum tolerated dose was reached at level II with renal toxicity, nausea, stomatitis and thrombocytopenia as principal dose-limiting toxicities. The median survival of the 48 patients was 18.5 months. The survival at 12, 18, 24 and 30 months was 69, 54, 41 and 31%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of docetaxel, cisplatin and 5-FU associated with prophylactic ciprofloxacin is feasible and active in patients with SCCHN. Dose level I is recommended for phase III testing.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Antwerp, Edegem, Belgium.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schrijvers
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Herpen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kerger
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Joosens
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Laer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Awada
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van den Weyngaert
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Bouder
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Castelijns
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kaanders
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Mulder
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Vermorken
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000077143:Docetaxel; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018307:Neoplasms, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000139:chemically induced; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil