title: Parents' understanding of their child's congenital heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess parents' understanding of their child's congenital heart disease in various knowledge domains and to identify significant determinants of parental knowledge.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional questionnaire survey
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary paediatric cardiac centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  156 parents of children with relatively simple congenital heart defects were recruited from the outpatient clinic of a tertiary cardiac centre over a three month period. The questionnaire comprised 10 items of knowledge under three domains: nature of heart disease and its treatment; impact of heart disease on exercise capacity; and infective endocarditis and its prevention. The frequency distribution of the parents' knowledge in the different domains was determined. Univariate analyses and logistic regression were performed to identify significant determinants of knowledge in selected items.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While 59% of parents correctly named their child's congenital heart disease, only 28.8% correctly indicated the heart lesion(s) diagrammatically. However, more than 80% of parents were aware of the indications and aims of previous surgical and transcatheter interventions. About half of the parents were aware of possible aetiologies and of the hereditary nature and symptoms attributable to underlying heart disease. Disappointingly, of the 56 parents whose children were taking cardiac medications, only 25 (44.6%) and 4 (7.1%) knew correctly the functions and important side effects of the medications, respectively. With regard to exercise capacity, 59% of parents indicated its level appropriate for the heart lesion. While 26.9% of parents had heard of the term "infective endocarditis", slightly more than half of the parents were aware of the need for antibiotics before dental procedures. Significant determinants of knowledge in the nature of heart disease were cardiac diagnosis, occupation of parents, and their educational level. Logistic regression failed to identify any significant determinants of parental knowledge in the other two domains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parents of children with congenital heart disease have important knowledge gaps. Our findings suggest that the current educational programme is inadequate and needs to be refined to promote better parental understanding of their child's heart disease, with the ultimate aim of enabling parents to impart such knowledge accurately to their children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Paediatric Cardiology, Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Grantham Hospital, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. xfcheung@hkucc.hku.hk
authors.forename: D K L
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Cheuk
authors.forename: S M Y
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Y P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: A K T
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chau
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000523:psychology; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology*; D012044:Regression Analysis