title: Repairing DNA-methylation damage.
abstract: Methylating agents modify DNA at many different sites, thereby producing lethal and mutagenic lesions. To remove all the main harmful base lesions, at least three types of DNA-repair activities can be used, each of which involves a different reaction mechanism. These activities include DNA-glycosylases, DNA-methyltransferases and the recently characterized DNA-dioxygenases. The Escherichia coli AlkB dioxygenase and the two human homologues, ABH2 and ABH3, represent a novel mechanism of DNA repair. They use iron-oxo intermediates to oxidize stable methylated bases in DNA and directly revert them to the unmodified form.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK London Research Institute, Clare Hall Laboratories, Blanche Lane, South Mimms, Hertfordshire EN6 3LD, UK. Barbara.Sedgwick@cancer.org.uk
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sedgwick
mesh_terms: D000071498:AlkB Homolog 1, Histone H2a Dioxygenase; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004249:DNA Damage; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000378:metabolism; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases / Q000378:metabolism; D004260:DNA Repair; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C466427:AlkB protein, E coli; C499236:ALKBH1 protein, human; D000071498:AlkB Homolog 1, Histone H2a Dioxygenase; D015254:DNA Modification Methylases; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes