title: Granulocyte and monocyte adsorptive apheresis for patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection: a report on six cases with high plasma viremia.
abstract: Granulocytes and monocytes/macrophages (GM) are known to constitute extra-hepatic sites for hepatitis C virus (HCV) replication and dissemination. Accordingly, we thought that selective GM adsorptive apheresis (GMA) might contribute to the treatment of HCV in patients with high viremia (HCV-RNA > 100 kIU/mL). Of six patients (three males and three females), mean age 62.2 years, five had not responded to interferon-alpha (INF-alpha) and one was INF-alpha naïve. Each patient received five GMA sessions, once a week for 5 weeks. The two antecubital veins were used as blood access and return lines and the apheresis was performed at 30 mL/min for 60 min. Treatment efficacy was assessed by monitoring changes in plasma HCV-RNA and aminotransferase. Granulocyte and monocyte/macrophage adsorptive apheresis was well tolerated. During each GMA, there was on average a 52.9% fall in plasma HCV-RNA, but HCV-RNA increased again during the time before the next GMA. There was no marked change in either aminotransferase during GMA. Furthermore, beyond the last GMA, HCV-RNA increased together with worsening aminotransferase in three of six patients. In conclusion, it would appear that GMA can partially reduce plasma HCV and GMA at a frequency of one session/week for 5 consecutive weeks but that this was inadequate to induce a sustained decrease in plasma HCV-RNA in patients with high viremia without simultaneous administration of antiviral medications. The most effective frequency of GMA needs to be determined in future clinical studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo, Japan. sawadako@hyo-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukunaga
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kusaka
authors.forename: Maiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohdo
authors.forename: Kazuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimoyama
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hada
mesh_terms: D001781:Blood Component Removal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D016238:Cytapheresis / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006098:Granulocytes; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral