title: The oxygen evolving enhancer protein 1 (OEE) of photosystem II in green algae exhibits thioredoxin activity.
abstract: A thioredoxin-like chloroplast protein of the fructosebisphosphatase-stimulating f-type, but with an unusually high molecular mass of 28 kDa has previously been identified and purified to homogeneity in a fractionation scheme for resolution of the acid- and heat-stable, regular-size (12kDa) thioredoxins of the unicellular green algae, Scenedesmus obliquus. An apparently analogous protein of 26 kDa was described in a cyanobacterium, Anabaena sp., but no such large thioredoxin species f exists in the thioredoxin profiles of higher plants. The structure of the 28 kDa protein, which had been envisaged to represent a precursor, or fusion product of the two more specialized, common chloroplast thioredoxins f and m has now been determined by amino acid sequencing. Although it exhibits virtually all the properties and enzyme-modulating activities of a thioredoxin proper this algal protein, surprisingly, does not belong to the thioredoxin family of small redox proteins but is identical with OEE (oxygen evolving enhancer) protein 1, an auxiliary component of the photosystem II manganese cluster. Extracts of Chlorella vulgaris and Chlamydomonas reinhardtii also contain heat-stable protein fractions of 23-26 kDa capable of specifically stimulating chloroplast fructosebisphosphatase in vitro. In contrast, OEE protein 1 from spinach is not able to modulate FbPase or NADP malate dehydrogenase from spinach chloroplasts. A dual function of the OEE protein in algal photosynthesis is envisaged.
authors.affiliation: Fachbereich Biologie-Chemie der Universität Kassel, D-34109 Kassel, Germany.
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heide
authors.forename: Henryk M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kalisz
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Follmann
mesh_terms: D020418:Algal Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii / Q000378:metabolism*; D002708:Chlorella / Q000378:metabolism*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D044444:Scenedesmus / Q000378:metabolism*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D020418:Algal Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D045332:Photosystem II Protein Complex; D010940:Plant Proteins; C052389:oxygen-evolving enhancer protein 1, plant; D013879:Thioredoxins