title: Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear terrorism: an introduction for occupational physicians.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear terrorism poses considerable threat throughout the world.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide occupational physicians with an understanding of this threat and its main forms and what action can be taken to counter this threat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Presenters at a conference on chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear terrorism were asked to contribute their evidence-based opinions in order to produce a review article.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This paper presents a summary of the different forms of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear terrorism and the effective counter-measures and also provides a review of current scientific literature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The threat of chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear terrorism is present throughout the world and is one that occupational physicians should be aware of, as well as the action that can be taken to counter it.
authors.affiliation: Headquarters Fourth Division, Steeles Road, Aldershot GU11 2DP, UK. comdmed@tigercomd.co.uk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Court
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Meara
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wale
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D000881:Anthrax; D023482:Bioterrorism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D004630:Emergencies; D006801:Humans; D007509:Irritants / Q000633:toxicity; D009420:Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects; D009786:Occupational Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010930:Plague; D012899:Smallpox; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D023481:Terrorism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007509:Irritants