title: Mixture of paraquat and linuron formulations examined for genotoxicity in Wistar rats by the in vivo micronucleus test--evaluation by different statistical tests.
abstract: The purposes of the present study were the evaluation of the genotoxic effect of mixture of paraquat and linuron commercial formulations. the evaluation of the possible interaction between the two pesticides and the comparison of different statistical tests used for the data analysis. For this purposes the bone marrow micronucleus test was used. Dose levels were determined in the base of the LD50 of each component. According the experimental design, three dose levels of the mixture were administered at groups of five Wistar rats from each sex. Sampling time was 24 h for all groups plus 48 h for the highest dose and the positive control groups. In addition, the formulations were studied separately at two dose levels. Cyclophosphamide was used as positive control. For the statistical analysis of the results different parametric and nonparametric tests were used. The mixture of the two pesticides under the study conditions was not proven to be genotoxic. However, cytotoxicity and no signs of interaction were indicated. Minor declinations between the statistical tests used for data analysis observed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pesticides Toxicology, Benaki Phytopathological Institute, Kifissia, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goumenou
authors.forename: Kyriaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Machera
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007700:Kinetics; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008044:Linuron / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D010269:Paraquat / Q000633:toxicity*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D008044:Linuron; D010269:Paraquat