title: Possible association of acute lateral-wall myocardial infarction and bitter orange supplement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report a possible incidence of acute lateral-wall myocardial infarction (MI) coinciding with the use of a Citrus aurantium L. (bitter orange)-containing dietary supplement in a patient with undetected coronary vascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 55-year-old white woman presented to the emergency department with symptoms of dull aching shoulder and chest pain. A review of medications during cardiac rehabilitation revealed the patient had ingested a multicomponent dietary supplement for weight loss containing 300 mg of bitter orange (Edita's Skinny Pill) for the past year. Although the patient's past medical history did not include hypertension, coronary disease, or hyperlipidemia, an arteriogram revealed a lesion in the left main coronary artery. She did have a smoking history. She was diagnosed with acute lateral-wall MI and hospitalized for 4 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consumers generally consider dietary supplements safe. However, some supplements taken for weight loss contain ingredients that have been associated with cardiovascular events. Although consumers are becoming more aware of the serious adverse effects secondary to products containing ingredients such as Ma huang and ephedra, reports involving other ingredients are increasing. Bitter orange or synephrine, found in bitter orange, has been associated with adverse cardiovascular reactions. Based on the Naranjo probability scale, C. aurantium is possibly associated with this cardiovascular event.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of C. aurantium-containing supplements may present as a risk for cardiovascular toxicity; however, additional studies/case reports are needed to validate this conclusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Administrative Services, School of Pharmacy, Mercer University, Atlanta, GA 30341-4155, USA. Nykamp_D@Mercer.edu
authors.forename: Diane L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Nykamp
authors.forename: Majed N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Fackih
authors.forename: Anthony L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Compton
mesh_terms: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D002957:Citrus / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology*; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D028321:Plant Preparations