title: alpha-Tocopherol reduces lipopolysaccharide-induced peroxide radical formation and interleukin-6 secretion in primary murine microglia and in brain.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine if alpha-tocopherol-a reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging agent-inhibits LPS-induced oxidative stress and interleukin-6 (IL-6) production in murine microglia and brain. LPS increased intracellular peroxides and IL-6 in a dose-dependent fashion in primary microglia. The LPS-induced increase in ROS and IL-6 was reduced by pretreatment of alpha-tocopherol. Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) of LPS induced lipid peroxidation and IL-6 in brain. Importantly, three daily injections (20 mg) of alpha-tocopherol increased brain alpha-tocopherol and decreased LPS-induced lipid peroxidation and IL-6 in brain. Taken together, these data indicate that alpha-tocopherol can mitigate inflammatory cytokine production in the brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences and Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Godbout
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: Keith W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: Rodney W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000187:drug effects; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D017628:Microglia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol