Actin filaments play an essential role for transport of nascent HIV-1 proteins in host cells.
To investigate the role of actin filaments (F-actin) for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) production in host cells, the effect of mycalolide B that is a novel actin-depolymerizing marine toxin was examined. Mycalolide B blocked the production of HIV-1 from primary infected T-lymphoblastoid and clonically infected monocytoid cells in a concentration-dependent manner. In the presence of 10 microM of mycalolide B, F-actins were disorganized and mostly disappeared in the host cells, and viral envelope- and capsid-proteins did not reach the plasma membrane, but were distributed in the cytoplasm forming aggregates. In electron micrographs, no HIV-1 virions were detected on the cell surface, but many lysosome-like vesicles containing electron dense granules were observed in the cytoplasm, implying that mycalolide B did not disturb the synthesis of viral proteins, but rather inhibited their transport processes of HIV-1 in the host cells.
Sasaki
Hiroyuki
H
Division of Molecular Cell Biology, Institute of DNA Medicine, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8461, Japan.
Ozaki
Hiroshi
H
Karaki
Hideaki
H
Nonomura
Yoshiaki
Y
D008841:Actin Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D015638:Cytochalasin D / Q000494:pharmacology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D008387:Marine Toxins; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology
D008387:Marine Toxins; D010080:Oxazoles; D012191:Retroviridae Proteins; C080978:mycalolide B; D015638:Cytochalasin D