title: Regulatory T cells and organ transplantation.
abstract: Empirical studies attempting to explain tolerance to transplanted tissues have demonstrated a regulatory role for CD4+ T-cells. We here propose that regulatory T-cells mediating transplantion tolerance comprise two sets which can functionally complement each other. The CD4+CD25+ "natural regulator" arises in the thymus, and is preoccupied with self-antigens expressed at sites of inflammation. The second, comprising both CD4+CD25+ (FoxP3+) and CD4+CD25- Tr1-like cells are induced by persistent danger-free antigen in the periphery. The role of these cells is to moderate immune responses to prevent tissue destruction while allowing microbial elimination.
authors.affiliation: Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX13RE, UK. herman.waldmann@path.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Waldmann
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Graca
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cobbold
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Masahide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tone
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D017634:Self Tolerance / Q000276:immunology; D037182:T-Cell Antigen Receptor Specificity / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000276:immunology; D014181:Transplantation Immunology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C418974:FOXP3 protein, human; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2