title: Impurities in industrial grade 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol (bisphenol A): possible implications for estrogenic activity.
abstract: Fifteen trace impurities, including a novel cyclohexene derivative, have been identified and quantified in samples of an industrial grade of the oestrogen-active compound 4,4'-isopropylidene diphenol (bisphenol A). All of these compounds, like bisphenol A itself, possess phenolic hydroxyl groups para to other substituents and all thus might also have oestrogenic properties. Published studies on the endocrine disrupting properties of bisphenol A have not considered potentially active impurities but full assessment of the oestrogenicity of bisphenol A, as it is used commercially, will become possible when adequate supplies of these compounds are available through synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Disrupter Research Laboratory, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan. terasaki.masanori@nies.go.jp
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Terasaki
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nomachi
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Edmonds
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
mesh_terms: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002845:Chromatography; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds