title: Comparison of cultural methods for the identification and molecular investigation of yeasts from sourdoughs for Italian sweet baked products.
abstract: Twenty-five yeast strains isolated from sourdough samples for Panettone, Pandoro and Cornetto brioche manufactured by eight different bakeries in northern Italy were characterised. Classification was performed by the simplified identification method (SIM), Kurtzman and Fell's identification protocol, the API system from bioMérieux (France) and the MicroLog system from Biolog (USA). Genetic diversity was investigated by randomly amplified polymorphic DNA fingerprinting and mitochondrial-DNA restriction enzyme analysis. Sequences of the internal transcribed spacers between 18S and 26S rDNA genes were analysed. Candida humilis was the predominant species (56% of isolates), whereas the remaining strains (44%) were related to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae sensu stricto group. Identification systems based on phenotypic analysis proved to be unreliable to identify yeasts from sourdough. Either RAPD-PCR or mtDNA restriction analysis showed to be suitable for the identification of species, but could not be used to differentiate among the isolates at the strain level. Sequencing of the ITS region permitted a consistent classification of the sourdough yeasts.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Alimentari e Microbiologiche, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy. robert.foschino@unimi.it
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Foschino
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gallina
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Andrighetto
authors.forename: Lia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rossetti
authors.forename: Antonietta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Galli
mesh_terms: D001939:Bread / Q000382:microbiology*; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000032:analysis; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D014644:Genetic Variation; D007558:Italy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique / Q000379:methods; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S; C065096:RNA, ribosomal, 26S