title: Lactational amenorrhea as a method of family planning in Egypt.
abstract: Because of the potential importance of the lactational amenorrhea method (LAM) as a family-planning option in Egypt, we analyzed data from the 1995 Egyptian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) to study breastfeeding practices, use of contraception, reproductive history and sociodemographic factors for 5504 mothers with children under 3 years. According to the EDHS data, about 80% of Egyptian women breastfed for at least 6 months, and 40% breastfed for 15-18 months. Over half of breastfeeding mothers used no additional contraception. Thirty-six percent of mothers breastfeeding children younger than 6 months who reported using no additional contraception were exclusively breastfeeding and amenorrheic, but only 4% reported relying on breastfeeding for family planning. We also held eight focus group discussions with breastfeeding mothers from urban and rural Upper and Lower Egypt on their use of contraceptive methods, breastfeeding, lactational amenorrhea and LAM. Participants showed strong recognition of the contraceptive effects of breastfeeding but differed widely in their understanding of lactational infecundability and knowledge of LAM as a method. These results suggest that LAM would be widely acceptable to Egyptian women, but that an educational program about the method is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
authors.forename: Akila K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Khella
authors.forename: Hoda Ibrahim
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Fahim
authors.forename: Adel Hakim
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Issa
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Sokal
authors.forename: Mohsen A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gadalla
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000568:Amenorrhea; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003267:Contraception / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004534:Egypt / Q000453:epidemiology; D005193:Family Planning Services; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007774:Lactation; D008875:Middle Aged; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors