title: Pretreatment with Ginkgo biloba extract weakens the hypnosis action of phenobarbital and its plasma concentration in rats.
abstract: In a previous study, we found that orally administered Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE) induced hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) in rats, especially the CYP2B type. This fact suggested that GBE influenced the availability and safety of drugs that were metabolized via CYP2B type enzymes. To confirm this possibility, in this study we examined the effect of feeding a 0.1, 0.5 and 1.0% GBE diet for 2 weeks on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacological action of phenobarbital, which is known to be metabolized by CYP2B in Wistar rats. The feeding of GBE markedly shortened the sleeping time in rats. Furthermore, the maximal phenobarbital plasma concentration (Cmax) and the 24-h area under the curve (AUC0-24) were decreased in rats fed GBE. These findings indicate that GBE reduces the therapeutic potency of phenobarbital via enhancement of cytochrome P450 expression, and raises the possibility that GBE and drug interactions may occur clinically.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Mukogawa Women's University, Nishinomiya 663-8179, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kunitomo
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Umegaki
authors.forename: Kazumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinozuka
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D020441:Ginkgo biloba / Q000737:chemistry*; D008099:Liver / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1; D010634:Phenobarbital