title: Efficacy of Myrsine africana, Albizia anthelmintica and Hilderbrantia sepalosa herbal remedies against mixed natural sheep helminthosis in Samburu district, Kenya.
abstract: Traditional livestock healers from Samburu and Turkana communities in Samburu District of Kenya were identified and recruited for participation in this study. Sheep with mixed gastrointestinal helminthosis were purchased from nomadic livestock owners in the area. Three herbal anthelmintic remedies, viz. Myrsine africana, Albizia anthelmintica and Hilderbrantia sepalosa were administered in the traditional way by the healers and their efficacy determined using percent fecal egg count reduction (percent FECR) test. The results indicate that all the herbal remedies had some efficacy against both nematodes and Monezia species of helminths. The group effect against nematodes was significantly different (P=0.002). Compared to an untreated control group, the efficacy against nematodes was 77, 89.8 and 90% for Myrsine afriacana, Albizia antihelmintica and Hilderbrantia sepalosa, respectively, while albendazole had 100% efficacy. The main nematodes encountered included Haemonchus spp., Trichostrogylus spp. and Oesophagostomum spp. With regard to Monezia species herbal remedies performed better than albendazole with an efficacy of 100% compared to 63% for albendazole. The group of sheep treated with Albizia anthelmintica showed a significant increase (P=0.003) in packed cell volume (PCV).
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, University of Nairobi, PO Box 29053, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gathuma
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Mbaria
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wanyama
authors.forename: H F A
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Kaburia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mpoke
authors.forename: J N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Mwangi
mesh_terms: D015766:Albendazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D031289:Albizzia; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006374:Helminthiasis, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007630:Kenya; D008297:Male; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D029623:Primulaceae; D012756:Sheep; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D028321:Plant Preparations; D015766:Albendazole