title: Relations between strength and endurance of leg skeletal muscle and cardiopulmonary exercise testing parameters in patients with chronic heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The relations between muscle strength, muscle endurance, and cardiopulmonary parameters were investigated in patients with chronic heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects comprised 33 outpatients with stable chronic heart failure (27 men, 6 women, mean age 60.3 +/- 12.7 years). A pedal-type isokinetic device was used throughout the study. The safety of the study protocol was examined first. Maximum muscle power (peak power), an index of muscle strength, was measured for 6 consecutive revolutions(3 revolutions of each leg). The strength decrement index (SDI) was measured for 20 consecutive maximal revolutions (10 revolutions in each leg). The SDI is an index of muscle endurance and compares the mean power for revolutions 9 and 10 with that for revolutions 2 and 3. Each subjects underwent symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing with a cycle ergometer on another day.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No subject experienced continuous abnormal heart rate or blood pressure response, chest pain, ischemic ST-T change, or severe arrhythmia. The peak power and the SDI were correlated with the anaerobic threshold (r = 0.42, 0.52, respectively), with peak oxygen uptake (r = 0.66, 0.61), and with the increase in oxygen uptake per unit increase in work rate (r = 0.43, 0.63). However, the slope of the ventilation equivalent to carbon dioxide output was correlated only with the SDI (r = -0.54) and the time constant for the oxygen uptake decrease was correlated only with the peak power (r = -0.46).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Peak functional capacity depends on both muscle strength and endurance, and subjective symptoms in daily activity, especially dyspnea on exertion, depend mainly on muscle endurance in patients with chronic heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Sugao 2-16-1, Miyamae-ku, Kawasaki 216-8511.
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Omiya
authors.forename: Sumio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Naohiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Osada
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Miyake
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D013318:Stroke Volume
chemical_list: D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain