title: [Macroscopic findings for the exclusion of a forensic relevant soil embedded resting period in skeletal remains--an approach based upon literature].
abstract: A reliable determination of the post mortem interval (PMI) in human bones has neither been found by morphological nor by intensive analyses of other kinds. In most cases of legal medicine practice the question of PMI is restricted to a forensically relevant resting period. In a survey based upon literature, all osteological signs of decomposition, which have not been described for a soil embedded resting period of under 50 years, were collected. 21 research reports could be found, describing macroscopic findings on soil-embedded human bones with known PMI. All in all, 1295 individuals were examined in these investigations. A censorious review of the summarized results found in literature reveals that the following findings have never been seen in a PMI of 50 years or less. Outer appearance: macroscopically no adipocere, deep incisions of the outer compact layer, extensive defects of the bone surface, intense brownish-black lawn of microorganisms, fraying of the outer lamellar system, lifting of the cortical area, torsion of the tissue, attached brushit, bone manually breakable. On freshly sawn cross sections: lack of adipocere, brushit in the marrow area, reduced or lack of UV-fluorescence.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Rechtsmedizin am Universitätsklinikum Giessen.
authors.forename: Marcel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Verhoff
authors.forename: Urs Oliver
authors.initials: UO
authors.lastname: Wiesbrock
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kreutz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology*; D002048:Burial; D018732:Forensic Anthropology / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012987:Soil