title: Main alkaloids from the Brazilian dendrobatidae frog Epipedobates flavopictus: pumiliotoxin 251D, histrionicotoxin and decahydroquinolines.
abstract: Epipedobates flavopictus, Dendrobatidae, is a small aposematic frog found in Brazilian Cerrado bioma. In the present work, we isolated and characterized chemically the most abundant alkaloids present in the cutaneous extract of E. flavopictus. The specimens were collected in Pirenópolis (Goiás, Brazil), their skins were removed and extracted with methanol, and submitted to purification by HPLC and identification by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. Pumiliotoxin 251D, histrionicotoxin 285Da and two decahydroquinolines, 219A and 243A, were identified. The pumiliotoxin 251D was tested on isolated frog sciatic nerve and on isolated guinea pig ileum muscle. The pumiliotoxin 251D slightly reduced the action potentials amplitude of frog sciatic nerve. The crude skin extract of E. flavopictus and the pumiliotoxin 251D produced rhythmic contractions and increased the muscular tension on isolated guinea pig ileum.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Toxinologia, Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília, Campus Universitario, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcia Renata
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mortari
authors.forename: Elisabeth N Ferroni
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Carlos Alberto
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Osmindo Rodrigues
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Pires
authors.forename: Marcello Moreira
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bloch
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sebben
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000664:Amphibian Venoms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001001:Anura; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects; D012867:Skin / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000664:Amphibian Venoms