title: Anthelmintic resistance of nematodes in communally grazed goats in a semi-arid area of South Africa.
abstract: A survey was conducted on the occurrence of anthelmintic resistance of nematodes in communally grazed goats in a semi-arid area in South Africa. In herds belonging to 10 small-holder goat farmers, the efficacies of fenbendazole, levamisole and rafoxanide were tested by faecal egg count reduction (FECR) tests. Efficacies of 80% were considered a threshold for anthelmintic resistance. The FECR tests showed that all drugs tested more than 80% effective in most instances, but there were notable exceptions. In 1 case, rafoxanide was only 31% effective and in another case fenbendazole was only 47% effective. The occurrence of anthelmintic resistance in this farming sector is of concern. Steps should be taken to prevent its further spread and to avoid the development of a situation as on numerous commercial sheep farms in South Africa where resistance is very common.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Health, University of North West, PO Box 1372, Mafikeng 2745, South Africa. fbakunzi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Bakunzi
mesh_terms: D015766:Albendazole / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology; D006041:Goats; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007978:Levamisole / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009348:Nematoda / Q000187:drug effects*; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000662:veterinary*; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D011888:Rafoxanide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013019:South Africa; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D011888:Rafoxanide; D007978:Levamisole; D007559:Ivermectin; D015766:Albendazole