title: Intranasal drug delivery: an alternative to intravenous administration in selected emergency cases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, USA. wolfeman@csolutions.net
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bernstone
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001682:Biological Availability; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing; D016529:Emergency Nursing / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D004844:Epistaxis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal / Q000451:nursing; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009270:Naloxone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014663:Nasal Decongestants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing; D010109:Oxymetazoline / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000451:nursing
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D014663:Nasal Decongestants; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D009270:Naloxone; D010109:Oxymetazoline; D008012:Lidocaine