title: Oxidative stress in Lactococcus lactis.
abstract: Lactococcus lactis, the most extensively characterized lactic acid bacterium, is a mesophilic- and microaerophilic-fermenting microorganism widely used for the production of fermented food products. During industrial processes, L. lactis is often exposed to multiple environmental stresses (low and high temperature, low pH, high osmotic pressure, nutrient starvation and oxidation) that can cause loss or reduction of bacterial viability, reproducibility, as well as organoleptic and/or fermentative qualities. Among these stress factors, oxidation can be considered one of the most deleterious to the cell, causing cellular damage at both molecular and metabolic levels. During the last two decades, considerable efforts have been made to improve our knowledge of oxidative stress in L. lactis. Many genes involved with both oxidative stress resistance and control mechanisms have been identified; functionally they seem to overlap. The finding of new genes, and a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of stress resistance in L. lactis and other lactic acid bacterium, will lead to the construction and isolation of stress-resistant strains. Such strains could be exploited for both traditional and probiotic uses.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: Anderson
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rochat
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Gratadoux
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Le Loir
authors.forename: Sérgio Costa
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Langella
authors.forename: Vasco
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Azevedo
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D013294:Lactococcus lactis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D011938:Rec A Recombinases / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D010544:Peroxidases; C021845:NAD+ peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C023107:NADH oxidase; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D011938:Rec A Recombinases