title: Effects of subthreshold shocks on wavelet propagation during atrial fibrillation in humans.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objectives are: first to investigate the effects of internal cardioversion energies on the wave fronts propagation in the right atrium immediately after the energy delivery; second, to track the time course of these effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study is based on a measure of organization of the endoatrial electrograms obtained by a multipolar basket catheter inserted in the right atrium. We estimated the level of organization by computing the percentage of points laying on the signal baseline (i.e., number of occurrences, NO). NO values were computed on two-second long windows. Six non-overlapped windows were selected, one just before and five just after the last unsuccessful shock.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immediately after the shock most of the patients exhibited an increase in the organization patterns. This increase was more evident in those patients with rather disorganized patterns and higher energy threshold. This effect fades within a few seconds after the shock delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data confirm the idea that the electrical shock causes a widespread extinction of electrical wavefronts, which regenerates after the shock. Since an increase of organization may lead to a reduction of energy threshold, a potential application of these findings might consist in the delivery of multiple subthreshold shocks instead of a single one.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Laboratory, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy. barbaro@iss.it
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barbaro
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bartolini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Calcagnini
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Censi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Macioce
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michelucci
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poli
mesh_terms: D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000379:methods; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D004594:Electrophysiology; D006325:Heart Atria / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome