title: Effect of blood contamination on shear bond strength of brackets bonded with conventional and self-etching primers.
abstract: This study assessed the effect of blood contamination on the shear bond strength and bond failure site of 2 different orthodontic primers (Transbond XT and Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer, both from 3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) used with adhesive-precoated brackets. Four different enamel surface conditions were tested: (1) dry, (2) blood contamination before priming, (3) blood contamination after priming, and (4) blood contamination before and after priming. Noncontaminated enamel surfaces had the highest bond strengths for both conventional and self-etching primers, which produced almost the same strength values. Under blood-contaminated conditions, both primers showed significantly reduced shear bond strengths. For the conventional primer, no significant differences were reported among the blood-contaminated groups, whereas when the self-etching primer was used, condition 4 reduced significantly the bond strength values. Significant differences in debond locations were found among the groups bonded with the 2 primers under the various enamel surface conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Maria Francesca
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Sfondrini
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cacciafesta
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scribante
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Angelis
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klersy
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001769:Blood; D002417:Cattle; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004868:Equipment Failure; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D019279:Resin Cements; C429625:Transbond Plus Self-Etching Primer; C477790:Transbond XT; D013193:Stainless Steel