A novel marker of tissue junctions, collagen XXII.
Here we describe a novel specific component of tissue junctions, collagen XXII. It was first identified by screening an EST data base and subsequently expressed as a recombinant protein and characterized as an authentic tissue component. The COL22A1 gene on human chromosome 8q24.2 encodes a collagen that structurally belongs to the FACIT protein family (fibril-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices). Collagen XXII exhibits a striking restricted localization at tissue junctions such as the myotendinous junction in skeletal and heart muscle, the articular cartilage-synovial fluid junction, or the border between the anagen hair follicle and the dermis in the skin. It is deposited in the basement membrane zone of the myotendinous junction and the hair follicle and associated with the extrafibrillar matrix in cartilage. In situ hybridization of myotendinous junctions revealed that muscle cells produce collagen XXII, and functional tests demonstrated that collagen XXII acts as a cell adhesion ligand for skin epithelial cells and fibroblasts. This novel gene product, collagen XXII, is the first specific extracellular matrix protein present only at tissue junctions.
Koch
Manuel
M
Department of Dermatology, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Schulze
Joerg
J
Hansen
Uwe
U
Ashwodt
Todd
T
Keene
Douglas R
DR
Brunken
William J
WJ
Burgeson
Robert E
RE
Bruckner
Peter
P
Bruckner-Tuderman
Leena
L
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002356:Cartilage / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002460:Cell Line; D002898:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D017364:Collagenases / Q000378:metabolism; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014162:Transfection
C499252:COL23A1 protein, human; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D003094:Collagen; D017364:Collagenases