title: Effects of prolactin and growth hormone on proliferation and survival of cultured trout leucocytes.
abstract: The in vitro effects of prolactin (PRL) and growth hormone (GH) on the proliferation and survival of leucocytes isolated from the blood of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were examined, with special reference to the immunosuppression by cortisol. Both PRL and GH induced a mitogenic effect in trout leucocytes. Contrary, the frequencies of annexin V-positive apoptotic cells and propidium iodide-positive dead cells were decreased by the administration of PRL, but were uninfluenced by GH. Administration of cortisol suppressed the mitotic activity and induced cell death of leucocytes. PRL inhibited the decrease in mitosis and the increase in cell death due to cortisol. GH significantly assisted recovery of cortisol-suppressed mitosis but did not influence the survival of leucocytes. These results suggest that PRL and GH are involved in the maintenance of specific immune functions in fish through a prevention of immunosuppression by cortisol.
authors.affiliation: Nikko Branch, National Research Institute of Aquaculture, Nikko, Tochigi 321-1661, Japan. yadat@fra.affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yada
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Misumi
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muto
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Carl B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Schreck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000097:blood*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D011388:Prolactin; D013006:Growth Hormone