Inflammation and Cancer II. Role of chronic inflammation and cytokine gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal malignancy.
It is well established that cancer arises in chronically inflamed tissue, and this is particularly notable in the gastrointestinal tract. Classic examples include Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer. There is growing evidence to suggest that this association is not coincidental but may indeed be causal. In this review, we discuss the role of chronic inflammation and cytokine gene polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal malignancy and outline some of the possible mechanisms involved.
Macarthur
Mairi
M
Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen, AB25 2ZD, UK.
Hold
Georgina L
GL
El-Omar
Emad M
EM
D000818:Animals; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D016207:Cytokines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide