title: Restaging surgery for women with borderline ovarian tumors: results of a French multicenter study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of the current study was to examine the surgical management of women with borderline ovarian tumors and the adequacy of initial staging according to the guidelines of the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics; to evaluate the impact of restaging operations; and to identify risk factors for initial understaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective French multicenter study, 54 of 360 women with borderline ovarian tumors underwent a restaging operation. After excluding women with initial complete staging (n = 62), epidemiologic, surgical, and histologic parameters and risk of recurrence were compared between women who underwent restaging (n = 54) and those who did not (n = 244).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred fifty (41.6%) of 360 women underwent intraoperative histologic examination, which led to the diagnosis of a borderline tumor in 97 cases (64.7%). Thirty-seven (38.1%) of these 97 women had undergone complete initial staging procedures. A restaging operation was performed for 54 women. A lower median age and a higher rate of conservative treatment were noted in the group that underwent restaging. Eight (14.8%) of the 54 women who underwent restaging had their tumors upstaged: 7 of the 41 cases initially diagnosed as Stage IA tumors were upstaged to Stage IB (n = 3) or to Stage IIA, IIB, IIIA, or IIIC (n = 1 for each); in the eighth case, a Stage IC tumor was upstaged to Stage IIIA. Upstaging tended to be more common in women with serous borderline tumors (P = 0.06) and in women who underwent cystectomy (P = 0.08). There was no difference in recurrence rates according to whether a restaging operation was performed. The recurrence rates after conservative and radical treatment were 15.6% (25 of 160) and 4.5% (9 of 200), respectively (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women who initially were diagnosed with Stage IA disease and who had serous borderline tumors or underwent cystectomy appeared to derive the most benefit from restaging surgery. Nonetheless, the indications for restaging surgery remain controversial, as no difference in recurrence rate was observed between women who underwent restaging and those who did not.
authors.affiliation: Service de Gynécologie, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Raffaèle
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fauvet
authors.forename: Joëlle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boccara
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dufournet
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: David-Montefiore
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Poncelet
authors.forename: Emile
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Daraï
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015653:Cystectomy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors