Optimal delivery of minocycline to the brain: implication for human studies of acute neuroprotection.
Minocycline is currently under development as a neuroprotective agent in many different brain diseases. In more than a dozen experimental investigations in various models of brain injury, high doses of minocycline have been administered intraperitoneally. This report details new concerns with this route of administration and makes a case for intravenous dosing in experimental animals, particularly for acute neuroprotection, to optimize delivery to the brain and facilitate translation to human studies.
Fagan
Susan C
SC
Program in Clinical and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30912-2450, USA. sfagan@mail.mcg.edu
Edwards
David J
DJ
Borlongan
Cesar V
CV
Xu
Lin
L
Arora
Ankur
A
Feuerstein
Giora
G
Hess
David C
DC
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008911:Minocycline / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D008911:Minocycline