title: Repeated antenatal corticosteroids: effects on cerebral palsy and childhood behavior.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was undertaken to determine the effects of repeated courses of antenatal corticosteroids on childhood behavior and disabilities, including cognitive delay and cerebral palsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonrandomized regional cohort of 541 very preterm infants born in Western Australia from singleton pregnancies and alive at 3 years were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Physical, cognitive, and psychological assessments up to 6 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Increasing numbers of antenatal corticosteroid courses were associated with a reduction in the rate of cerebral palsy. Three or more courses were also associated with increased rates of aggressive/destructive, distractible, and hyperkinetic behavior and these effects were present at both ages 3 and 6 years. Measures of internalizing behavior and intelligence quotient were unaffected by antenatal corticosteroid use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repeated antenatal courses of corticosteroids may protect against cerebral palsy but are associated with hyperactivity later in childhood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatal Paediatrics, King Edward Memorial Hospital, Subiaco, Perth, Australia. Noel.French@health.wa.gov.au
authors.forename: Noel P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hagan
authors.forename: Sharon F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mullan
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Newnham
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000375:Aging / Q000523:psychology; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003071:Cognition; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones