title: Pattern of ischemia reperfusion injury in a mouse orthotopic liver transplant model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The molecular pathways of ischemic injury after liver transplantation are complex and difficult to dissect because of the presence of many variables. Transgenic and genetically deficient strains of mice provide ideal models for the study of the contribution of a single gene product in biological processes in vivo. Although well described in rats, prolonged preservation has not been studied in a mouse model of orthotopic liver transplantation (mOLT). The aim of this study was to establish a model of cold ischemia and reperfusion injury in mOLT and describe the pattern of the regenerative response to various lengths of cold storage.
  
  
  METHODS
  mOLT was performed using a syngeneic combination. Grafts were preserved at 4 degrees C in University of Wisconsin (Viaspan) solution for increasing periods of cold preservation. After cold storage, the liver grafts were transplanted and recipient survival was monitored. Hepatocellular injury was determined by histology, and the regenerative response was quantitated by interleukin 6 upregulation and DNA replication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Long-term survival was 100%, 100%, 88%, and 0% for cold preservation of 1, 4, 8, and 16 h, respectively. Grafts with short preservation times (1 and 4 h) demonstrated limited injury and a weak regenerative response, with slight IL-6 early upregulation and minimal cell division. Eight hours of cold ischemia resulted in prominent injury and an intense regenerative response accompanied by significant IL-6 upregulation and DNA synthesis. Sixteen hours of storage resulted in all recipients succumbing to liver failure, with histology showing extensive hepatic necrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated the feasibility of using the mOLT model for the study of molecular mechanisms associated with recovery from cold ischemia and reperfusion injury. Increasing lengths of cold ischemia correlate with progressive tissue damage whereas recovery is associated with a regenerative response that correlates with the severity of injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Xingyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Que
authors.forename: Fotini
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Debonera
authors.forename: Jinfu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Emma E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Furth
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Aldeguer
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Gelman
authors.forename: Kim M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Olthoff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006085:Graft Survival; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D012079:Renal Circulation; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6