title: Inhibitory effects of trace amines on rat midbrain dopaminergic neurons.
abstract: Trace amines are biological compounds that are still awaiting identification of their role in neuronal function. Using intracellular electrophysiological recordings, we investigated the depressant action of two trace amines (beta-phenylethylamine and tyramine) on the firing activity of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta and ventral tegmental area. This inhibition was due to a membrane hyperpolarisation that was blocked by the D2 dopamine receptor antagonist sulpiride and was not potentiated by the dopamine-uptake blocker, cocaine. Inhibition of the dopamine transporter did not mediate the effects of trace amines, because unlike cocaine, trace amines did not potentiate the inhibitory responses to exogenously applied dopamine. The inhibitory actions of beta-phenylethylamine and tyramine were present in reserpine-treated animals but were abolished when the dopamine-synthesis inhibitor carbidopa was applied. Our data suggest that trace amines cause an indirect activation of dopamine autoreceptors, by an increased efflux of newly synthesised dopamine. The inhibition of dopaminergic activity by trace amines may relate to their involvement in neuronal processes linked to drug addiction, schizophrenia, attention deficit hyperactive disorders and Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Neurology, Fondazione Santa Lucia-IRCCS, Via Ardeatina 306, 00179 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Raffaella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Geracitano
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Federici
authors.forename: Simonetta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prisco
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bernardi
authors.forename: Nicola B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Mercuri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines; D004298:Dopamine