title: Comparison of bioactive glass, mineral trioxide aggregate, ferric sulfate, and formocresol as pulpotomy agents in rat molar.
abstract: Bioactive glass (BAG) is often used as a filler material for repair of dental bone defects. Although there is evidence of osteogenic potential of this material, it is not clear yet whether the material exhibits potential for dentinogenesis. Hence, the aim of the present study was to evaluate BAG as a pulpotomy agent and to compare it with three commercially available pulpotomy agents such as formocresol (FC), ferric sulfate (FS), and mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). Pulpotomies were performed in 80 maxillary first molars of Sprague Dawley rats, and pulp stumps were covered with BAG, FC, FS, and MTA. Histologic analysis was performed at 2 weeks and then at 4 weeks after treatment. Experimental samples were compared with contra-lateral normal maxillary first molars. At 2 weeks, BAG showed inflammatory changes in the pulp. After 4 weeks, some samples showed normal pulp histology, with evidence of vasodilation. At 2 weeks, MTA samples showed some acute inflammatory cells around the material with evidence of macrophages in the radicular pulp. Dentine bridge formation with normal pulp histology was a consistent finding at 2 and 4 weeks with MTA. Ferric sulfate showed moderate inflammation of pulp with widespread necrosis in coronal pulp at 2 and 4 weeks. Formocresol showed zones of atrophy, inflammation, and fibrosis. Fibrosis was more extensive at 4 weeks with evidence of calcification in certain samples. Among the materials tested, MTA performed ideally as a pulpotomy agent causing dentine bridge formation while simultaneously maintaining normal pulpal histology. It appeared that BAG induced an inflammatory response at 2 weeks with resolution of inflammation at 4 weeks.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Kuwait University, Kuwait.
authors.forename: Nathanael
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salako
authors.forename: Bobby
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: Priyanshi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ritwik
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salonen
authors.forename: Preethi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Junaid
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D003785:Dental Pulp Capping / Q000379:methods*; D003789:Dental Pulp Exposure / Q000628:therapy; D003810:Dentinogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005566:Formocresols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005898:Glass; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008437:Maxilla; D008963:Molar; D010087:Oxides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011672:Pulpotomy / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017640:Silicates / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005566:Formocresols; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C403922:bioactive glass S53P4; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C031025:formocresol; C024823:ferric sulfate