title: Endotoxin and proinflammatory cytokines modulate Sertoli cell proliferation in vitro.
abstract: Sertoli cells play a key role in testicular function and their final number in the adult testis determines the capacity of germ cell production. Sertoli cell proliferation, stimulated by FSH and paracrine factors, occurs only in fetal and prepubertal life and may be an important target of pathogenic influences affecting testis development. We used a Sertoli cell proliferation assay to address the question whether if bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) and proinflammatory cytokines could influence early postnatal Sertoli cell development. LPS and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) dose-dependently stimulated proliferation of primary cultures of isolated Sertoli cells from 8- to 9-day-old rats, assessed by (3)H-thymidine and BrdU incorporation. LPS also significantly increased the number of living cells in culture, measured by supravital staining. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) had no direct effect on Sertoli cell growth, but were found to modulate FSH action. IL-6 increased, while IFN-gamma inhibited, FSH-induced Sertoli cell DNA-synthesis. We conclude that endotoxin and TNF-alpha are potent direct stimulators of Sertoli cell proliferation in vitro, and that IL-6 and IFN-gamma can modulate the mitogenic action of FSH on immature Sertoli cells. This may contribute to the pathogenesis of testicular damage after infections and inflammatory diseases in fetal and early postnatal life, with subsequent disturbance of adult germ cell production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Women and Child Health, Paediatric Endocrinology Unit, Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska Institutet and Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. cecilia.petersen@kbh.ki.se
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fröysa
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Söder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000235:genetics; D012708:Sertoli Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone