title: Simultaneous blockade of adenosine A2A and metabotropic glutamate mGlu5 receptors increase their efficacy in reversing Parkinsonian deficits in rats.
abstract: Recent evidence suggest that antagonism of adenosine A2A receptors represent an alternative therapeutic approach to Parkinson's disease (PD). Coactivation of A2A and the glutamate subtype 5 metabotropic receptors (mGlu5) synergistically stimulates DARPP-32 phosphorylation and c-fos expression in the striatum. This study therefore tested the effects of a joint blockade of these receptors to alleviate the motor dysfunction in a rat model of PD. 6-Hydroxydopamine infusions in the striatum produced akinetic deficits in rats trained to release a lever after a stimulus in a reaction time (RT) task. At 2 weeks after the lesion, A2A and mGlu5 receptors selective antagonists 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine (CSC) and 2-methyl-6-(phenylethynyl)-pyridine (MPEP) were administered daily for 3 weeks either as a single or joint treatment. Injections of CSC (1.25 mg/kg) and MPEP (1.5 mg/kg) separately or in combination reduced the increase of delayed responses and RTs induced by 6-OHDA lesions, while the same treatment had no effect in controls. Furthermore, coadministration of lower doses of 0.625 mg/kg CSC and 0.375 mg/kg MPEP noneffective as a single treatment promoted a full and immediate recovery of akinesia, which was found to be more efficient than the separate blockade of these receptors. These results demonstrate that the combined inactivation of A2A and mGlu5 receptor potentiate their beneficial effects supporting this pharmacological strategy as a promising anti-Parkinsonian therapy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Neurobiologie de la Cognition, CNRS and Université de Provence, Marseille cedex, France.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coccurello
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Breysse
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amalric
mesh_terms: D058917:Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D016762:Genes, fos; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016627:Oxidopamine; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013565:Sympatholytics
chemical_list: D058917:Adenosine A2 Receptor Antagonists; D051937:Dopamine and cAMP-Regulated Phosphoprotein 32; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011725:Pyridines; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D013565:Sympatholytics; D002110:Caffeine; C121465:6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine; D016627:Oxidopamine; D004298:Dopamine