title: Wavefront analysis in post-LASIK eyes and its correlation with visual symptoms, refraction, and topography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the information assessed with the LADARWave wavefront measurement device and correlate it with visual symptoms, refraction, and corneal topography in previously LASIK-treated eyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred five eyes (58 patients) of individuals who underwent LASIK surgery were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, noncomparative case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Complete ophthalmologic examination, corneal topography, and wavefront measurements were performed. Correlations were made between the examinations and symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wavefront measurements were assessed with the LADARWave device. Manifest, cycloplegic refraction, and topographic data were compared with wavefront refraction and higher order aberrations. Visual symptoms were correlated to higher order aberrations in 3 different pupil sizes (5-mm, 7-mm, and scotopic pupil size). Pearson's correlation coefficient and generalized estimating equations were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In post-LASIK eyes, wavefront refraction components were poorly correlated to manifest and cycloplegic components. The comparison between manifest, cycloplegic, and wavefront refraction with total amount of higher order aberrations showed no strong correlation. The comparison between topography and manifest, cycloplegic, and wavefront refraction did not show strong correlation. Visual symptoms analysis showed correlation of double vision with total coma and with horizontal coma for the 5-mm and 7-mm pupil size; correlation between starburst and total coma for the 7-mm pupil size; and correlation of double vision with horizontal coma, glare with spherical aberrations and with total aberrations, and starburst with spherical aberrations for the scotopic pupil size. Scotopic pupil size had a positive association with starburst and a negative association with double vision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The LADARWave wavefront measurement device is a valuable diagnostic tool in measuring refractive error with ocular aberrations in post-LASIK eyes. A strong correlation between visual symptoms and ocular aberrations, such as monocular diplopia with coma and starburst and glare with spherical aberration, suggest this device is valuable in diagnosing symptomatic LASIK-induced aberrations. Horizontal coma was correlated with double vision, whereas vertical coma was not.
authors.affiliation: The Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation/I32, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Maria Regina
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Chalita
authors.forename: Sai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chavala
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ronald R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Krueger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003315:Cornea / Q000473:pathology; D019781:Corneal Topography; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020731:Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ / Q000295:instrumentation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011680:Pupil; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000175:diagnosis*; D054140:Refractive Surgical Procedures; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*