title: The Snf1 kinase controls glucose repression in yeast by modulating interactions between the Mig1 repressor and the Cyc8-Tup1 co-repressor.
abstract: Among lower eukaryotes, glucose repression is a conserved, widely spread mechanism regulating carbon catabolism. The yeast Snf1 kinase, the Mig1 DNA-binding repressor and the Mig1-interacting co-repressor complex Cyc8(Ssn6)-Tup1 are central components of this pathway. Previous experiments suggested that cytoplasmic translocation of Mig1, upon its phosphorylation by Snf1 in the nucleus, is the key regulatory step for releasing glucose repression. In this report we re-evaluate this model. We establish the coordinated repressive action of Mig1 and Cyc8-Tup1 on GAL1 transcription, but we find that Cyc8-Tup1 is not tethered by Mig1 to the promoter DNA. We demonstrate that both negative regulators occupy GAL1 continuously under either repression or activation conditions, although the majority of the Mig1 is redistributed to the cytoplasm upon activation. We show that Snf1-dependent phosphorylation of Mig1 abolishes interaction with Cyc8-Tup1, and we propose that regulation of this interaction, not the Mig1 cytoplasmic localization, is the molecular switch that controls transcriptional repression/de-repression.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Foundation of Research and Technology, PO Box 1527, Heraklion, Crete 711-10, Greece.
authors.forename: Manolis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papamichos-Chronakis
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gligoris
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tzamarias
mesh_terms: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000502:physiology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C065455:CYC8 protein, S cerevisiae; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C085976:MIG1 protein, S cerevisiae; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C066502:TUP1 protein, S cerevisiae; C071570:SNF1-related protein kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D005947:Glucose