title: Deregulation of Flk-1/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-2 in fibroblast growth factor receptor-1-deficient vascular stem cell development.
abstract: We have employed embryoid bodies derived from murine embryonal stem cells to study effects on vascular development induced by fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-2 and FGF receptor-1, in comparison to the established angiogenic factor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and its receptor VEGF receptor-2. Exogenous FGF-2 promoted formation of morphologically distinct, long slender vessels in the embryoid bodies, whereas VEGF-A-treated bodies displayed a compact plexus of capillaries. FGF-2 stimulation of embryonal stem cells under conditions where VEGF-A/VEGFR-2 function was blocked, led to formation of endothelial cell clusters, which failed to develop into vessels. FGFR-1(-/-) embryoid bodies responded to VEGF-A by establishment of the characteristic vascular plexus, but FGF-2 had no effect on vascular development in the absence of FGFR-1. The FGFR-1(-/-) embryoid bodies displayed considerably increased basal level of vessel formation, detected by immunohistochemical staining for platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule (PECAM)/CD31. This basal vascularization was blocked by neutralizing antibodies against VEGFR-2 or VEGF-A and biochemical analyses indicated changes in regulation of VEGFR-2 in the absence of FGFR-1 expression. We conclude that VEGF-A/VEGFR-2-dependent vessel formation occurs in the absence of FGF-2/FGFR-1, which, however, serve to modulate vascular development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, Rudbeck Laboratory, Dag Hammarskjöldsv. 20, 751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Peetra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magnusson
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rolny
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jakobsson
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wikner
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hicklin
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Claesson-Welsh
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019138:Antibodies, Blocking / Q000494:pharmacology; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015820:Cadherins / Q000378:metabolism; D002196:Capillaries / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099152:Cadherin 5
chemical_list: D019138:Antibodies, Blocking; D015703:Antigens, CD; D015820:Cadherins; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051496:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 1; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; D000099152:Cadherin 5; C496349:Fgfr1 protein, mouse