title: Assessing Type A behavior in children: a longitudinal exploration of the overlap between Type A behavior and hyperactivity.
abstract: Child Type A behavior and its relation to hyperactivity were investigated developmentally using a longitudinal normal sample of 91 children (46 boys and 45 girls) between the ages of 4 and 8-9. In light of the overlap found in several studies between Type A behavior, as measured by the Matthews Youth Test for Health (MYTH) questionnaire, and hyperactivity measured by questionnaires, an attempt was made to measure Type A behavior as distinct from hyperactivity using behavioral observations. The MYTH questionnaire and behavioral observations were used to assess Type A behavior and questionnaire-based measures and behavioral observations were used to assess hyperactivity. Predictions were made regarding individual stability in phenomena and in measures. The results indicated considerable stability in the respective Type A and hyperactivity measures over time, and further, that behavioral observations make it possible to measure Global Type A behavior and Type A Competitiveness as distinct from hyperactivity, although the status of Type A Impatience at early ages is not yet settled. The MYTH and the observed Type A behavior showed differential relations to external criteria, such as achievement measures and problem behavior. This has implications for future measurement and perhaps conceptualization of Type A behavior in children, and thereby also for studying the developmental aspects of Type A behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. lilianne.nyberg@psyk.uu.se
authors.forename: Lilianne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nyberg
authors.forename: Gunilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bohlin
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hagekull
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D019370:Observation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden; D014434:Type A Personality