title: Tendon graft fixation in ACL reconstruction: in vitro evaluation of bioabsorbable tenodesis screw.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Conventional ACL reconstruction requires sufficient tibial bone quality for secure graft fixation. We evaluated the mechanical characteristics of a supplemental tenodesis screw in cadaveric specimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  One group of 7 specimens from 7-paired tibiae was randomly assigned to undergo tibialis anterior tendon graft-bone tunnel fixation with a bioabsorbable interference screw, using conventional ACL reconstruction techniques. The other group of 7 specimens underwent the same procedure supplemented with a bioabsorbable tenodesis screw. All specimens were subjected to pullout testing on a servo hydraulic device.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Specimens in the supplemental fixation group had double the load to failure (tenodesis = 467 (SD 184) N, control group = 223 (SD 66) N, p = 0.02) and were also one-third stiffer (tenodesis = 31 (SD 13) N/mm, control group = 21 (SD 6) N/mm, p = 0.03) than the specimens in the conventional fixation group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplemental bioabsorbable tenodesis screw fixation may be advantageous for primary reconstruction in patients with low tibial bone mineral density or during revision procedures. By providing secure soft tissue graft-tibia fixation during the early phase after ACL reconstruction, supplemental tenodesis fixation may enable patients to participate safely in more intense, early rehabilitation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Louisville, 210 East Gray Street, Suite 1003, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nyland
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kocabey
authors.forename: Tanya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wozniak
authors.forename: Akbar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nawab
authors.forename: David N M
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Caborn
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D001863:Bone Screws; D002102:Cadaver; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D013710:Tendons / Q000637:transplantation*; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery*