title: Health risk assessment of emissions of dioxins and furans from a municipal waste incinerator: comparison with other emission sources.
abstract: The aim of this study was to calculate the incremental lifetime-risk to dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) for the population living in the surroundings of a municipal solid waste incinerator (MSWI), as well as to establish the potential reduction on human health risks as a consequence of the adaptation to the EU legislation on pollutant emissions from the MSWI stack. Analytical and modelled results were obtained. PCDD/F concentrations in environmental media were determined by means of a simple-compartment-multimedia model (air-soil-vegetation model). Predicted and measured PCDD/F concentrations in soils and vegetation were compared, and the effects of MSWI emissions in the environmental media were determined. Human health risks due to PCDD/F emissions from the MSWI were also estimated based on I-TEQ measured and modelled in various environmental media. Cancer risks due to PCDD/F emissions of the plant were 1.07E-07 and 3.08E-09, before and after installation of the clean air system, respectively. On the other hand, cancer risks due to other PCDD/F emission sources in the area were 5.54E-06 and 1.86E-06. Total PCDD/F cancer risks (including those from diet) for the population living in the vicinity of the MSWI were 1.3E-04 and 4.25E-05, respectively (67.6% of reduction). Hazard ratio for total PCDD/F exposure (including diet) decreased during the last 5 years from 1.16 to 0.38. The above data show that other emission sources of PCDD/Fs also have a notable environmental impact on the area under direct influence of the MSWI.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Rovira i Virgili University, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
authors.forename: Montse
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meneses
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schuhmacher
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Domingo
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000633:toxicity*; D004147:Dioxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D004777:Environment; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D017745:Incineration; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D011634:Public Health; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D004147:Dioxins; D012989:Soil Pollutants