title: Synthesis and biological testing of novel analogues of sydnone as potential antibacterial agents.
abstract: Several series of 3-phenylsydnone derivatives conjugated to well-known moieties with antibacterial activity were synthesized via several routes. These derivatives include 3-cyano-2-oxopyridine, 2-amino-3-cyanopyridine, 2-arylidene-1-ethylidenehydrazine and 2-aroyl-1-ethylidenehydrazine moieties. Thus, the key intermediate 3-(4-acetylphenyl)sydnone (3) was allowed to react with the appropriate aldehyde, ethyl cyanoacetate or malononitrile in presence of excess ammonium acetate in two steps (method 1) or through a one-pot reaction technique (methods 2 and 3) to give the corresponding sydnone derivatives 5 and 6, respectively. Moreover, condensation of compound 3 with hydrazine hydrate followed by the reaction with the appropriate aldehyde, mono- and dicarboxylic acid hydrazide yielded the corresponding sydnone derivatives 8, 9 and 10, respectively. Most of the synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antibacterial activity against various pathogenic organisms of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were determined using agar dilution method.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulazis University, Geddah, Saudi Arabi.
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moustafa
authors.forename: Magda N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Nasr
authors.forename: Magdy M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Gineinah
authors.forename: Waleed A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Bayoumi
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013558:Sydnones / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D013558:Sydnones; D002939:Ciprofloxacin