title: Expression of the intermediate filament vimentin in proliferating duct cells as a marker of pancreatic precursor cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The expression of the intermediate filament (IF) vimentin, usually considered a marker of mesenchymal cells, has been observed in the epithelial cells during embryogenesis, carcinogenesis, and dedifferentiation, suggesting that it might be useful as a marker of proliferating precursor cells in the pancreas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rat pancreata at E18 and at different time points after partial pancreatectomy (Px) and human and neonatal pig pancreatic tissue sections and monolayer cultured pancreatic duct cells were observed. All tissues were simultaneously immunostained with pancytokeratin and vimentin antibodies. In costained duct cells, PDX-1 or PCNA expression was also analyzed using confocal microscope images.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the rat embryonic pancreas at E18, all epithelial cells that formed ductlike structures expressed both cytokeratin and vimentin IF, whereas no duct cells costained for IF in the adult rat or neonatal pig pancreas. Such costaining reappeared in the following order: common pancreatic duct, main ducts, foci of regeneration and then disappeared completely at 30 days after Px. In humans, costaining was found in only 1 diabetic patient's pancreatic section, which was accompanied by massive duct cell proliferation. In monolayer culture, most of the duct cells of human and neonatal pigs coexpressed both IF proteins. Only a few costained duct cells also expressed PDX-1, and most of those cells were also stained with PCNA in rat embryonic pancreas and regenerating foci after partial Px.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vimentin IF expression might be a useful marker for pancreatic precursor cells and could be used to investigate the concept of the dedifferentiation of fully matured duct cells during the process of the beta-cell neogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: B Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bonner-Weir
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Weir
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013552:Swine; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D014746:Vimentin