title: Modulation of androgen receptor-dependent transcription by resveratrol and genistein in prostate cancer cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The androgen receptor (AR) is a ligand-activated transcription factor that mediates the biological responses of androgens in the prostate gland. This study focuses on the chemopreventive agents, resveratrol and genistein, on AR-mediated transcription in prostate cancer cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that resveratrol and genistein activated AR-driven gene expression at low concentrations, whereas they repressed the AR-dependent reporter gene activity at high concentrations. We determined that resveratrol and genistein induced AR-driven gene expression by activating the Raf-MEK-ERK kinase pathway. The ERK1 kinase phosphorylated the AR on multiple sites in vitro, but this phosphorylation event did not contribute to the resveratrol-induced AR transactivation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vitro and in vivo studies have indicated that resveratrol and genistein are promising chemopreventive agents. Given the clear evidence that AR pathways are involved in the development and progression of prostate cancer, these data showed that the ability to modulate AR function would contribute the observed chemopreventive activity of resveratrol and genistein.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030-4009, USA.
authors.forename: Shen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Guo-Zhen
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhengxin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf / Q000494:pharmacology; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D013267:Stilbenes; D019833:Genistein; D019908:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; C482576:MAP3K1 protein, human; D000077185:Resveratrol