The significance of key regulators of apoptosis in the development and prognosis of prostate carcinoma. II. Products of suppressor genes Rb and PTEN, CDKI, Fas.
The molecular basis for the transition of carcinoma of the prostate from androgen-dependent to androgen-independent growth is largely unknown. Currently for example, it is not clear whether the androgen-independent phenotype is a result of selection of a subgroup of genetically distinct prostate tumour cells which are already hormone-resistant or a genetic adaptation of prostate tumour cells to the hormone therapy itself. It has also been established that prostate tumour transformation is a result of homeostatic control defects, a line of thinking directed toward elucidating the apoptotic profile of prostate tumour cells that may be important in determining prognosis, response to therapy and illness progression. Main consideration in this part of rewiev is given to the role of tumour suppressor genes pRb and PTEN and also the natural inhibitors of cyclin dependent kinases - proteins p21(Waf1/Cip1) and p27(Kip1). Attention is also given to the role of FAS-mediated pathways in apoptosis induction.
Knillová
Jana
J
Laboratory of Molecular Pathology and Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Palacký University, 775 15 Olomouc, Czech Republic. madarova@tunw.upol.cz
Kolár
Zdenek
Z
Hlobilková
Alice
A
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D050756:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018450:Disease Progression; D016153:Genes, Suppressor / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009376:Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent / Q000503:physiopathology; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
D050756:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor Proteins; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D019014:fas Receptor; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase