Cholera toxin induces expression of ion channels and carriers in rat small intestinal mucosa.
Cholera toxin causes cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-induced electrolyte and water secretion in the small intestine. The toxin-induced change in gene expression in rat small intestine was evaluated with microarray technique and the results were confirmed by semiquantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The transporter CNT2 for nucleosides was upregulated between 6 and 18 h after challenge, whereas the level of GLUT1 transporter for glucose became elevated at 6 h. Both changes probably facilitate uptake of these nutrients in the gut. At 18 h, the major chloride channel in the villus, ClC2, was upregulated. Aquaporin 8 was downregulated at 6 h and two mucin-producing genes were upregulated 18 h after toxin challenge. The expression was back to normal after 72 h, which is the turnover time for intestinal epithelial cells.
Flach
Carl-Fredrik
CF
Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Box 435, SE40530 Göteborg, Sweden.
Lange
Stefan
S
Jennische
Eva
E
Lönnroth
Ivar
I
D000818:Animals; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000090007:CLC-2 Chloride Channels; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000166:cytology; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D020346:Aquaporins; D000090007:CLC-2 Chloride Channels; D018118:Chloride Channels; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D007473:Ion Channels; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; C495679:Slc2a1 protein, rat; C108330:aquaporin 8; C065171:cif nucleoside transporter; D002772:Cholera Toxin