title: Control of bacterial growth in water using synthesized inorganic disinfectant.
abstract: Chlorine is a popular method for controlling bacterial growth in cooling towers. However, there are several drawbacks such as the difficulties in maintaining the disinfection efficacy particularly at high temperature and pH. In order to overcome these difficulties, an inorganic disinfectant based on silver and copper, which is called EEKO-BALL (commercial name), was recently developed. EEKO-BALL is made from specific ceramics and coating materials. This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of EEKO-BALL and compare it with that of silver (Ag+) and copper (Cu2+) ions. In addition, a field study was undertaken to investigate the control of bacterial growth in several cooling tower systems. The results showed that the contact time required for inactivating 99% of E. coli was 15 min in the EEKO-BALL stock solution at 25 degrees C, pH 7.3, with 0.05 mgl(-1) Ag and 0.05 mgl(-1) Cu. EEKO-BALL was approximately four times more effective than silver and copper ions in inactivating E. coli at 25 degrees C, pH 7.3. The control of bacterial growth in the cooling towers was found to be effective, lasting more than two months after a one-time installation of the EEKO-BALL. Overall, this study suggests that EEKO-BALL can effectively work as an inorganic disinfectant for bacterial growth control.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Department of Engineering, Seoul National University, San 56-1, Sillim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jaeeun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Byungtaek
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Suingil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jeyong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D012834:Silver / Q000494:pharmacology; D013696:Temperature; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D012834:Silver; D003300:Copper