title: Persistent evidence of circulating tumor cells detected by means of RT-PCR for CEA mRNA predicts early relapse: a prospective study in node-negative breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 100 consecutive patients with node-negative breast cancer who underwent curative surgery, we prospectively tested whether detection of circulating tumor cells in peripheral blood by means of reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) messenger RNA (mRNA) could predict patient outcomes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in blood samples taken before surgery and in repeat samples taken 2 to 3 weeks after surgery. Univariate and multivariate analyses of relapse-free survival were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with CEA mRNA in preoperative samples had poorer survival rates than those who had no detectable CEA mRNA. The worst survival rate was seen in those with CEA mRNA in both pre- and postoperative samples. Stepwise multivariate analysis selected CEA mRNA expression pattern (P=.001; relative risk=0.69) and histologic tumor grade (P=.002; relative risk=1.35) as independent prognostic factors for disease-free survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Molecular detection of CEA mRNA in both pre- and postoperative blood samples is an independent, negative prognostic factor in patients with node-negative breast cancer undergoing curative surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 21, Aichi 480-1195, Japan.
authors.forename: Toko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jotsuka
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyachi
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzumura
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000276:immunology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D012333:RNA, Messenger