Redox regulation of PTEN and protein tyrosine phosphatases in H(2)O(2) mediated cell signaling.
Protein tyrosine phosphatase (PTP) is a family of enzymes important for regulating cellular phosphorylation state. The oxidation and consequent inactivation of several PTPs by H(2)O(2) are well demonstrated. It is also shown that recovery of enzymatic activity depends on the availability of cellular reductants. Among these redox-regulated PTPs, PTEN, Cdc25 and low molecular weight PTP are known to form a disulfide bond between two cysteines, one in the active site and the other nearby, during oxidation by H(2)O(2). The disulfide bond likely confers efficiency in the redox regulation of the PTPs and protects cysteine-sulfenic acid of PTPs from further oxidation. In this review, through a comparative analysis of the oxidation process of Yap1 and PTPs, we propose the mechanism of disulfide bond formation in the PTPs.
Cho
Seung-Hyun
SH
Center for Cell Signaling Research, Department of Biological Sciences, Ewha Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
Lee
Chang-Hun
CH
Ahn
Younghee
Y
Kim
Hyunjung
H
Kim
Hoeon
H
Ahn
Chi-Young
CY
Yang
Kap-Seok
KS
Lee
Seung-Rock
SR
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002477:Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004220:Disulfides / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000633:toxicity*; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D016877:Oxidants / Q000633:toxicity*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000091102:YAP-Signaling Proteins; D000099202:PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004220:Disulfides; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D016877:Oxidants; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000091102:YAP-Signaling Proteins; D000099202:PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase; C088374:YAP1 protein, human