Multimodality imaging in partial epilepsies.
OBJECTIVE
The rapid expansion of novel applications and the development of new techniques in structural and functional imaging modalities present a troubling challenge to keep up with and harness potential valuable information created in this critical field of epilepsy localization and non-invasive in-vivo research.


RESULTS
Recent advances in epilepsy imaging have centered on: (1) improving the localization of epileptogenic tissue beyond that of state-of-the-art structural magnetic resonance imaging; (2) monitoring the development and progression of epileptogenic pathology, particularly mesial temporal sclerosis; and (3) an investigation of the in-vivo structural and functional disturbances underlying and revealing mechanisms of partial epilepsy pathophysiology.


CONCLUSIONS
The main impact of the progress in epilepsy localization with multimodality imaging is to allow more effective presurgical evaluation and the selection of patients with intractable seizures. By combining serial imaging findings and genetic studies, the major questions surrounding the development and progression of mesial temporal sclerosis with regard to the cause and consequence of epilepsy will soon be answered. Long-standing questions concerning in-vivo metabolic and neurotransmitter disturbances associated with partial epilepsy, detected and depicted (but not understood) with magnetic resonance spectroscopy and positron emission tomography, are finally being addressed.
Knowlton
Robert C
RC
UAB Epilepsy Center, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. knowlton@uab.edu
D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D018450:Disease Progression; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015225:Magnetoencephalography; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000473:pathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed