title: Near-infrared imaging spectroscopy (NIRIS) and image rank analysis for remote identification of plastics in mixed waste.
abstract: An infrared camera with focal plane InSb array detector has been applied to the characterization of macroscopic samples of household waste over distances up to two meters. Per waste sample (singelized), a sequence of images was taken at six optical wavelength ranges in the near infrared region (1100 nm - 2500 nm). The obtained three-dimensional data stack served as individual fingerprint per sample. An abstract factor rotation of this stack of six images into a spectroscopical meaningful intermediate six-element vector by Multivariate Image Rank Analysis (MIRA) finally provided a decision limit for the discrimination of plastics and nonplastics. A correct classification of better than 80% has been reached. The experimental NIRIS set-up has been automated so far to allow an on-line identification of a real world waste sample within a few seconds.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Catholic University of Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, NL-6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wienke
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Van Den Broek
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Melssen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Buydens
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Feldhoff
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Huth-Fehre
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kantimm
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cammann