title: Concurrent gastrinoma and somatostatinoma in a 10-year-old Portuguese water dog.
abstract: Severe hypergastrinaemia in the dog is considered a strong indicator for a gastrin-producing pancreatic islet cell tumour. In human medicine, gastrinomas are described as enteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumours that cause the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome. However, in contrast to the supposed origin of canine gastrinomas in pancreatic islets, gastrinomas in human beings arise predominantly in the duodenum and gastric antrum, and are often a component of the syndrome of multiple endocrine neoplasia type I. This report is of a canine case of multiple endocrine neoplasms, consisting of a pancreatic islet cell somatostatinoma, and a gastrinoma in the mesenteric lymph nodes and liver. From the literature and the authors' findings, it is concluded that the clinical diagnosis of hypergastrinaemia is not pathognomonic for a gastrin-producing islet cell tumour. Furthermore, the presence of an islet cell tumour in the face of hypergastrinaemia does not warrant a diagnosis of an islet cell gastrinoma. Immunohistochemistry is necessary to confirm the diagnosis of a pancreatic islet cell gastrinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology and Diagnostic Investigations, Diagnostic Center for Population and Animal Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48823, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoenerhoff
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kiupel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D015408:Gastrinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000662:veterinary; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000662:veterinary; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009377:Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000662:veterinary; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D013005:Somatostatinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000662:veterinary