Treatment of exogenous ochronosis with a Q-switched alexandrite (755 nm) laser.
BACKGROUND
Exogenous ochronosis is a cutaneous disorder characterized by blue-black or slate-gray hyperpigmentation resulting from the prolonged use of certain topical agents, most commonly hydroquinones. It is notoriously difficult to treat.


OBJECTIVE
To report the effectiveness of a quality-switched (QS) 755-nm alexandrite laser in treating hydroquinone-induced exogenous ochronosis.


METHODS
Hydroquinone-induced exogenous ochronosis in two patients was treated with a QS alexandrite laser. The first patient received six treatments (average fluence=7.8 J/cm(2)) at 2-month intervals. The second patient received four treatments (average fluence=6.9 J/cm(2)) at 4-month intervals. Biopsies of lesional skin were obtained before and after laser treatment for histologic evaluation.


RESULTS
Significant lightening of the pigmented skin areas was achieved in both patients without scarring or textural changes. Decreased dermal pigmentation was observed on histologic examination of treated skin specimens.


CONCLUSIONS
The QS alexandrite laser can effectively treat exogenous ochronosis without untoward side effects.
Bellew
Supriya G
SG
New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA.
Alster
Tina S
TS
D001608:Beryllium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005145:Face / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017495:Hyperpigmentation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000601:surgery*; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009794:Ochronosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D006873:Hydroquinones; D008903:Minerals; C112654:alexandrite; D001608:Beryllium; C031927:hydroquinone