title: Immune system and cardiac functions of progeny chicks from dams fed diets differing in zinc and manganese level and source.
abstract: This research was conducted to evaluate immunity (experiments 1 to 3), cardiac function, and ascities resistance (experiment 4) of progeny chicks from broiler breeders fed diets differing in trace metal level and source. Broiler breeders received a control diet (75 mg of Zn and 83 mg of Mn added/kg of diet), the control diet supplemented with inorganic Zn (75 mg/kg of diet) and Mn (80 mg/kg of diet), the control diet supplemented with organic Zn (75 mg/kg of diet) and inorganic Mn (80 mg/kg of diet), or the control diet supplemented with organic Zn (75 mg/kg of diet) and Mn (80 mg/kg of diet) in experiments 1, 2, and 3. In experiment 4, the control diet and diet supplemented with organic sources of Zn and Mn were fed to broiler breeders. Immune organ weights, circulating granulocytes vs. agranulocytes, CD4 and CD8 positive T cells, cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity, and antibody titers to SRBC and breeder vaccinations were measured in progeny. Some supplemental mineral treatments increased (P < or = 0.05) cutaneous basophil hypersensitivity and relative bursa weight. All supplemental mineral treatments increased (P < or = 0.05) relative thymus weight. In experiment 4, electrocardiograph, pulse oximetry, heart rate, hematocrits, ventricle weights, and ascites incidence were measured in progeny reared in a cold-stress environment. The supplemental organic minerals increased (P < or = 0.05) left ventricle plus septum and total ventricular weights. Although progeny ascites incidence did not differ between breeder mineral treatments, breeders fed supplemental Zn and Mn sired progeny with improved cardiac functional capacity and some improvements in immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA.
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Virden
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Yeatman
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.forename: K O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Willeford
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Fakler
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Wideman
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Kidd
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry / Q000379:methods; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001491:Basophils / Q000276:immunology; D001947:Breeding; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006967:Hypersensitivity; D007109:Immunity; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D008345:Manganese / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009929:Organ Size; D010092:Oximetry / Q000662:veterinary; D012882:Skin Tests; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D008345:Manganese; D015032:Zinc