title: Predicting treatment dose for novel therapies using urea standard Kt/V.
abstract: Calculation of urea standard Kt/V (stdKt/V) as a dose measure for guiding novel hemodialysis or hemofiltration therapy prescription is complex since this parameter depends on the magnitude of posttreatment urea rebound. We propose here a two-step procedure for calculating urea stdKt/V from single-pool urea Kt/V values (spKt/V) determined from serum urea concentrations in pretreatment and posttreatment blood samples. First, the dependence of urea stdKt/V on equilibrated Kt/V (eKt/V) was derived from a fixed-volume single-pool model. Second, an empirical equation for predicting urea eKt/V from urea spKt/V values was determined using multiple linear regression and available data during 4-hour hemodialysis, 2-hour hemodialysis, and 2-hour hemofiltration treatments. This empirical (rate/dose) equation is likely more robust for novel therapies than other equations derived from only data during conventional (4-hour) hemodialysis treatments. The combination of these formulas allowed construction of nomograms for calculating urea stdKt/V from spKt/V during novel therapies. These principles were further illustrated by calculating the predicted treatment dose for daily (six times per week) hemofiltration therapy required to achieve a given urea stdKt/V.
authors.affiliation: Research Service, Dialysis Program, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, University of Utah, 85 N. Medical Drive East, Room 201, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-5350, USA. ken.leypoldt@hsc.utah.edu
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Leypoldt
authors.forename: Bertrand L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Jaber
authors.forename: Deborah L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
mesh_terms: D006440:Hemofiltration; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000628:therapy; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014508:Urea