title: Volumetric evaluation of facial swelling utilizing a 3-D range camera.
abstract: Quantitative analysis of facial volume is important in the assessment of facial swelling. Previous research has demonstrated that the Fiore trade mark light-structured 3-D range camera is a rapid, non-invasive, and safe imaging technology for the quantitative analysis of facial morphology. The development of the Rugle-3D trade mark volumetric measurement software programme has allowed for the development of a powerful imaging and measurement system. This study aimed to determine the accuracy and reproducibility of Fiore trade mark by measuring simulated facial swelling. A model involving 20 human subjects was devised to simulate facial swelling for image acquisition and measurement in order to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of the device. A systematic error of 1.25% and reproducibility of 3.27% was determined for the imaging system. It is concluded that Fiore trade mark is an accurate and reproducible technology that is sensitive and would be applicable to clinical studies of facial swelling.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Science, The University of Melbourne, Australia.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshino
mesh_terms: D004487:Edema / Q000473:pathology*; D005145:Face / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008348:Manikins; D023861:Photography, Dental / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted