title: Comparative study of the in vitro activity of a new fluoroquinolone, ABT-492.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The in vitro activity of a new fluoroquinolone, ABT-492, was determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  MICs were compared with those of two beta-lactams, telithromycin, ciprofloxacin and four later generation fluoroquinolones. The effects of human serum and of inoculum concentration were also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MIC data indicate that ABT-492 has potent activity against Gram-positive organisms with enhanced anti-staphylococcal activity compared with earlier fluoroquinolones, in addition to activity against beta-haemolytic streptococci, pneumococci including penicillin- and fluoroquinolone-resistant strains and vancomycin-susceptible and -resistant Enterococcus faecalis but not Enterococcus faecium. ABT-492 was the most active agent tested against Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Neisseria meningitidis, fluoroquinolone-susceptible Neisseria gonorrhoeae and anaerobes. Good activity was observed for ABT-492 amongst the Enterobacteriaceae and anaerobes tested, but ciprofloxacin showed superior activity for species of Proteus, Morganella and Providencia, as well as for Pseudomonas spp. In common with the other fluoroquinolones tested, organisms with reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin had raised MIC(90)s to ABT-492. The one isolate of H. influenzae tested with reduced fluoroquinolone susceptibility had an ABT-492 MIC close to that of the population lacking a mechanism of quinolone resistance. ABT-492 was more active than ciprofloxacin against Chlamydia spp. An inoculum effect was observed with a number of isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pneumoniae, E. faecium, Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli, in addition to moderately raised MICs in the presence of 70% serum protein. The clinical significance of these findings is yet to be determined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ABT-492 is a new fluoroquinolone with excellent activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms, with many potential clinical uses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, City Hospital NHS Trust, Dudley Road, Birmingham B18 7QH, UK.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Harnett
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Fraise
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jevons
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Brenwald
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wise
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006801:Humans; D048628:Ketolides; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015363:Quinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D048628:Ketolides; D018942:Macrolides; D015363:Quinolones; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; C477891:delafloxacin; D004917:Erythromycin; C106791:telithromycin