title: Animal ototoxicity of topical antibiotics and the relevance to clinical treatment of human subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature on animal ototoxicity from ototopical medications. A secondary objective was to assess the relevance of animal data to the use of ototopical drops in clinical situations involving humans.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a MEDLINE search of the published literature using appropriate search terms to identify pertinent articles, which were reviewed, summarized, and tabulated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred seventy-three articles were reviewed; 61 articles were appropriate to the study question and were further analyzed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Virtually all studies demonstrate that aminoglycoside antibiotics, when applied topically into the middle ear space, are ototoxic in experimental animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas Southwestern Mdical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Roland
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rybak
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hannley
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Matz
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Spiros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manolidis
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Owens
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004432:Ear, Middle / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D012405:Round Window, Ear / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D018058:Tympanic Membrane Perforation / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents