Vaccination of pigs two weeks before infection significantly reduces transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus.
The objective of this study was to investigate whether and at what time interval could vaccination reduce transmission of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) among pigs. Reduction of virus transmission by vaccination was determined experimentally. Transmission of FMDV was studied in three groups of ten pigs: one non-vaccinated group and two groups that were vaccinated 7 days (-7 dpi) and 14 days before inoculation (-14 dpi), respectively. Five randomly selected pigs from each group were inoculated with FMDV type O Taiwan, while the other five pigs left in the groups were exposed to the inoculated pigs by direct contact. Clinical signs were recorded, virus isolation and RT-PCR were carried out on oropharyngeal fluid (OPF), and the neutralizing antibody titres and the antibody response against non-structural (NS) proteins of FMDV were determined. No virus transmission was observed in the -14 dpi group, whereas virus transmission was observed in all contact pigs affecting both the non-vaccinated and the -7 dpi group. The reproduction ratio R in the -14 dpi vaccinated group was significantly lower than that of the non-vaccinated group. This study confirms the potential of vaccination as an important tool to reduce transmission of FMDV.
Eblé
Phaedra L
PL
Central Institute of Animal Disease Control , P.O. Box 2004, 8203 AA Lelystad, The Netherlands. phaedra.eble@wur.nl
Bouma
A
A
de Bruin
M G M
MG
van Hemert-Kluitenberg
F
F
van Oirschot
J T
JT
Dekker
A
A
D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission*; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission*; D014611:Vaccination; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines