title: Medial canthal tendon repair for moderate to severe tendon laxity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Medial canthal tendon laxity is a common cause of epiphora and ocular irritation. It is difficult to treat due to the proximity of the lower canaliculus and punctum to the tendon.
  
  
  METHODS
  The results of a prospective series of patients with involutional medial canthal tendon laxity between 1997 and 2002 were reviewed. Symptoms and measured laxity were recorded before and after medial canthal tendon repair. The medial canthal tendon was routinely repaired through a cut along the lid margin extending from the punctum medially. This avoids a vertical cut onto the anterior lamella of the eyelid, which is useful if a skin graft is required.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty lower eyelid medial canthal tendon repairs were performed on 17 patients. Preoperatively, the lower punctum in all patients was able to be distracted to the medial limbus or further and in 50% of cases, the lower lid punctum was able to be distracted to the pupil midline or further. Postoperatively all patients had reduction of their medial canthal tendon laxity. Postoperatively in 85% of cases the lower punctum was not able to be distracted beyond the medial limbus; however, 15% of cases still had significant residual laxity. Eighty-five per cent of patients reported improvement in symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is an effective procedure in the majority of patients with moderate to severe medial canthal tendon laxity; however, residual lower lid laxity persisted in some patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
authors.forename: Colin I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Clement
authors.forename: Brett A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019882:Blepharoplasty; D004483:Ectropion / Q000601:surgery*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery*