title: Cytotoxicity and sealing properties of four classes of endodontic sealers evaluated by succinic dehydrogenase activity and confocal laser scanning microscopy.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the cytotoxicity and sealing properties of four classes of endodontic sealers (PCS/Kerr, RoekoSeal/Roeko, TopSeal/Dentsply, and EndoREZ/Ultradent). For cytotoxicity testing (MTT method), the materials were either placed immediately in contact with cultured cells or 24 h after setting, then evaluated at three subsequent time points (24 h, 48 h, or 1 wk). For the leakage study, extracted human roots were obturated with acrylic cones and sealers and immersed for 48 h into rhodamine-labeled lipopolysaccharide. The roots were then observed under a confocal laser scanning microscope to estimate (semiquantitatively) the presence of the rhodamine-lipopolysaccharide (LPS) inside the canal. The results showed that cytotoxicity generally increased with time, and that most materials pose significant cytotoxic risks, particularly in the freshly mixed condition. Further, all materials showed significant leakage although there was large variation among teeth. Overall, the silicon-based material (Roeko Seal) was less cytotoxic and more effective in sealing root canals against LPS leakage than other materials.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cariology and Endodontology, University of Geneva, School of Dental Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland. serge.bouillaguet@medecine.unige.ch
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bouillaguet
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wataha
authors.forename: Petra E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Lockwood
authors.forename: Camillo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galgano
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Golay
authors.forename: Ivo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Krejci
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D041702:BALB 3T3 Cells; D002219:Carbamates / Q000633:toxicity; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000633:toxicity; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000633:toxicity; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000633:toxicity; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D011091:Polyesters / Q000633:toxicity; D012235:Rhodamines; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000145:classification / Q000633:toxicity*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase / Q000187:drug effects*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; C481259:EndoRez; D004853:Epoxy Resins; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D011091:Polyesters; D012235:Rhodamines; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C115110:Topseal; C119516:poly(carbamoyl)sulfonate; C465381:roeko seal; D013385:Succinate Dehydrogenase; C022616:thiazolyl blue