title: Early childhood caries in children aged 6-19 months.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the relationship between socioeconomic factors, behaviors and the severity of early childhood caries (ECC) in 6-19 month-old Thai children. The severity of ECC was estimated using the proportion of ECC teeth to erupted teeth. This was termed the 'Intensity of ECC' (I-ECC) index.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional questionnaire survey, dental examinations, and mutans streptococci counts were obtained from children and mothers/caregivers who participated in the ECC prevention program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 520 children from rural areas were categorized into four age groups by the mean number of erupted teeth. In the 15-19-month-old children, the prevalence of ECC was 82.8% (cavitated caries, 40.8%; noncavitated caries, 42.0%) with a mean ECC teeth score of 4.18 +/- 3.19. The mean I-ECC severity score was 0.45 +/- 0.30 in these toddlers. Children from low-income families, those with low education, and mothers/caregivers with decayed teeth had higher I-ECC scores (P < 0.05). Children who were breast fed or had high counts of mutans streptococci also had higher I-ECC scores (P < 0.05). The logistic regression model revealed that only children's mutans streptococci level was a statistically significant predictor of ECC, with an odds ratio = 4.5 (95% CI = 1.8, 11.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ECC is not only a public health problem but also a social problem in Thailand, because it relates to family income and education level. The community development approach to assisting disadvantaged Thai children should be combined with an effective preventive program at a very young age. Future longitudinal research should be performed to improve the I-ECC for measuring the severity of ECC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Health Promotion, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. vthongch@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Thongchai
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vachirarojpisan
authors.forename: Kayoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinada
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Pimolphan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laungwechakan
authors.forename: Tewarit
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Somkote
authors.forename: Palinee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Detsomboonrat
mesh_terms: D001903:Bottle Feeding / Q000009:adverse effects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D009910:Oral Hygiene / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015995:Prevalence; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D014078:Tooth Eruption