Leukocyte and endothelial adhesion molecule studies in knockout mice.
Ischemia and reperfusion of the myocardium initiate an inflammatory response directed against the myocardium, and many studies attribute a significant portion of this injury to leukocytes. Leukocyte and endothelial cell adhesion molecules are responsible for neutrophil-endothelial cell interactions in coronary vasculature following ischemia and reperfusion. Interactions between beta(2)-integrins and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 are responsible for firm adhesion of neutrophils to the coronary endothelium in acute cardiac inflammation. Leukocyte-expressed CD18 plays a crucial role, and genetic deficiency of CD18 significantly attenuates myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Genetic deficiency of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 also minimizes myocardial necrosis following ischemia and reperfusion. The selectin family of adhesion glycoproteins also participates in various phases of leukocyte-endothelial interactions, and studies with P-selectin- and E-selectin-deficient mice have shown attenuation of both neutrophil accumulation and myocardial injury following myocardial ischemia and reperfusion.
Kakkar
Aman K
AK
Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1501 Kings Highway, Shreveport, LA 71130, USA.
Lefer
David J
DJ
D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D039641:Integrin beta Chains / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
D039641:Integrin beta Chains; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1