title: Treating drug using prison inmates with auricular acupuncture: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: This study tested the viability of auricular acupuncture in prisons for alleviating inmates' symptoms of psychological and physical discomfort and reducing their drug use. The experimental NADA-Acudetox protocol was compared with a non-specific helix control protocol in a randomized trial. Over a period of 18 months, a 4-week, 14-session auricular acupuncture treatment program was offered in two prisons to 163 men and women with self-reported drug use. Among treatment completers, no differences by method were found in self-reported symptoms of discomfort. Drug use occurred in the NADA group but not in the helix group. In contrast, confidence in the NADA treatment increased over time while it decreased for the helix treatment. No significant negative side effects were observed for either method. Participants in both groups reported reduced symptoms of discomfort and improved nighttime sleep. Future research should compare auricular acupuncture to a non-invasive control in order to attempt to disentangle active effects from placebo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Frescati Hagväg 14, plan 3, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. anne.h.berman@chess.su.se
authors.forename: Anne H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lundberg
authors.forename: Aud L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Krook
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gyllenhammar
mesh_terms: D020831:Acupuncture, Ear / Q000009:adverse effects; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D011329:Prisoners; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome