title: Hydrolysis of nonstarch carbohydrates of wheat-starch effluent for ethanol production.
abstract: A (polysaccharide-rich) waste stream derived from a combined starch and ethanol factory was investigated regarding hydrolysis of the nonstarch carbohydrates for ethanol production. The material was characterized and processed to yield the maximum amount of sugars. The starch fraction was hydrolyzed with amylolytic enzymes, and the resulting fibrous material was separated by filtration. This material, denoted starch-free fibers (SFF), was subjected to heat treatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis to recover the other major carbohydrate components, namely, cellulose and hemicellulose, in monomeric form. Heat treatment in a microwave oven efficiently solubilized a fraction of these polysaccharides and made the material more accessible to the cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic enzymes used in the subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. The maximum sugar yield after enzymatic hydrolysis, achieved with pretreatment at 170 degrees C for 40 min, was 34.1 g per 100 g SFF, comprising 12.8 g glucose, 13.9 g xylose and 7.4 g arabinose, corresponding to 66%, 71% and 51% of the theoretical, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering 1, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Palmarola-Adrados
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Juhász
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galbe
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zacchi
mesh_terms: D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000737:chemistry*; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry*; D014908:Triticum / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D000431:Ethanol; D013213:Starch; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases