title: Preclinical atherosclerosis and inflammation in 61-year-old men with newly diagnosed diabetes and established diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence of subclinical atherosclerosis and underlying mechanisms in men with newly diagnosed diabetes and established diabetes compared with healthy control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a population-based study of 61-year-old Caucasian men (n = 271) with established diabetes (n = 50) and newly diagnosed diabetes (n = 24) and healthy control subjects (n = 197), standard risk factors and highly sensitive (hs) C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured. Ultrasound measurements of intima-media thickness (IMT) were performed bilaterally in the common carotid artery, and a composite measure was calculated from common carotid and carotid bulb IMT (composite IMT). The plaque status was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Composite IMT and carotid plaque size increased gradually among the healthy control subjects, newly diagnosed diabetic patients, and established diabetic patients (P for trend < or =0.001, respectively). CRP was higher in newly and established diabetes (NS between diabetes groups) compared with healthy control subjects (P < 0.001). Total cholesterol levels were lower in newly diagnosed diabetes (5.51 +/- 1.13 mmol/l, P < 0.05) and established diabetes (5.45 +/- 1.15 mmol/l, P < 0.01) compared with those of healthy control subjects (5.77 +/- 1.03 mmol/l). In men with diabetes (n = 74), diabetes onset status (newly diagnosed versus established), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and serum triglycerides, but not CRP, explained 16% of the variance in composite IMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first study to show increased preclinical atherosclerotic changes (IMT and plaque size) and increased inflammation (hs-CRP) in men with newly diagnosed diabetes as well as in patients with established diabetes compared with healthy control subjects. WHR, diabetes onset status (newly diagnosed versus established), and triglycerides, but not CRP, were independent correlates of carotid artery IMT in men with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg University, Gothenburg, Sweden. vilborg@wlab.wall.gu.se
authors.forename: Vilborg
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sigurdardottir
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fagerberg
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hulthe
mesh_terms: D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D001824:Body Constitution; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D014280:Triglycerides; D002097:C-Reactive Protein