title: Lipopeptide surfactant production by Bacillus subtilis grown on low-cost raw materials.
abstract: The production of biosurfactant by Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 was investigated using commercial sugar, sugarcane juice and cane molasses, sugarcane juice alcohol stillage, glycerol, mannitol, and soybean oil. Commercial sugar generated the minimum values of surface tension, with the best results (28.7 mN/m, (relative critical micelle concentration [CMC-1] of 78.6) being achieved with 10 g of substrate/L in 48 h. At a pH between 7.0 and 8.0, a higher production of surface-active compounds and a greater emulsifier activity was also observed. Enrichment of the culture medium with trace minerals and EDTA showed maximum yields, whereas supplementation with yeast extract stimulated only cell growth. The kinetic studies revealed that biosurfactant production is a cell growth-associated process; surface tension, CMC, and emulsification index values of 29.6 dyn/cm, 82.3, and 57%, respectively, were achieved, thus indicating that it is feasible to produce biosurfactants from a renewable and low-cost carbon source.
authors.affiliation: Escola de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Centro de Tecnologia, Bloco E, Ilha do Fundão, 21.949-900, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fabíula A S L
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: Eliana Flavia C
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Sérvulo
authors.forename: Francisca P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: De França
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000378:metabolism*; D018533:Biomass; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods*; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry; D003470:Culture Media; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D045703:Emulsifying Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008823:Micelles; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013500:Surface Tension; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D003470:Culture Media; D045703:Emulsifying Agents; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008823:Micelles; D010455:Peptides; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D002244:Carbon; D004492:Edetic Acid