title: Prognostic value of VEGF in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since pancreatic cancer metastasizes early regardless of the size of the primary tumor, it is suggested that angiogenic factor is upregulated in this disease. Among the angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is the most potent and specific growth factor. The aim of this study is to elucidate the prognostic value of VEGF expression in pancreatic cancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the VEGF expression using immunohistochemistry in 72 resected pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas. We examined the prognostic value of the VEGF expression along with its relationship with the clinicopathological features.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEGF expression and mutant p53 expression were not associated with microvessel density. VEGF expression was positively associated with mutant p53 expression. There were no statistically significant relationships between the VEGF expression and other clinicopathological features, such as age, sex, CA19-9, tumor size, location, tumor differentiation, and stage. VEGF expression was not associated with patient survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VEGF expression was not associated with the microvessel density and patient survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health promotion, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Yun Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Jong Kyun
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Cheol Keun
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Woo Young
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Hye Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: Dong Il
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kyu Taek
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Seung Woon
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Paik
authors.forename: Byung Chul
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Jong Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rhee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A