title: Effect of 2-deoxy-d-glucose induced stress on Salmonella choleraesuis shedding and persistence in swine.
abstract: A glucose analog, 2-deoxy-d-glucose (2DG), previously shown in swine to induce many of the hallmark parameters of stress, was administered to Salmonella choleraesuis carrier-swine and the effects on Salmonella fecal shedding and tissue colonization were evaluated. Initially, pigs were divided into two groups, one that received 1 x 10 (6) S. choleraesuis and one group that received saline. At 3 or 6 weeks post inoculation (PI), half of each group received an injection of 2DG and the other half received saline. Throughout the study, individual fecal samples were collected and quantitatively cultured for Salmonella, tonsil and nasal swabs were qualitatively cultured, clinical signs were monitored, temperatures were measured and whole blood collected. Pigs were necropsied 8-18 days after 2DG treatment. The experimental stress induced by 2DG was not sufficient to cause recrudescence of Salmonella fecal shedding even when tissues were culture positive for Salmonella. In addition, persistent shedding was not affected by 2DG administration. Although the complex set of parameters that constitute the stress phenomenon is still relatively unknown, it is now apparent that the stressful event(s) sufficient to trigger Salmonella recrudescence involves more than just increased blood glucose, increased cortisol, and inhibition of lymphocyte proliferation.
authors.affiliation: US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, National Animal Disease Center, PO Box 70, Ames, IA 50010, USA. tstabel@nadc.ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Stabel
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Fedorka-Cray
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D012475:Salmonella / Q000502:physiology*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000382:microbiology*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D003847:Deoxyglucose; D006854:Hydrocortisone