title: Quantitative, wide-range, 5-minute point-of-care immunoassay for total human chorionic gonadotropin in whole blood.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is among the most common analytes available for point-of-care immunotesting, with most assays currently based on simple manual assay devices. However, as the importance of good analytical performance of rapid assays is increasingly emphasized, more sophisticated immunoassay techniques are needed to meet the future challenges of rapid yet quantitative POC testing.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a simple, dry-reagent, all-in-one immunoassay for the quantitative measurement of hCG in whole blood, plasma, or serum. The noncompetitive assay equally measures intact, nicked, and hyperglycosylated hCG as well as nonnicked and nicked hCG beta-subunit with a rapid and simple procedure consisting of a 5-min, one-step incubation and, subsequent to washing, the measurement of time-resolved fluorescence directly from a wet well surface.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The assay had a detection limit (background + 3 SD) of 0.4 IU/L hCG. The within-run CV was <15% down to 2 IU/L, and the assay was linear to 6000 IU/L. The within- and between-run CVs in heparinized whole blood and plasma were </=10% throughout the measured range (4.0-4400 IU/L). The mean (95% confidence interval) difference between whole blood and plasma was -42 (-24 to -61)% without hematocrit correction and 6.5 (-14 to 27)% with hematocrit correction (n = 106). Regression analysis with the Diagnostic Products IMMULITE 2000 hCG method yielded the following: slope (SD), 1.02 (0.01); y-intercept (SD), -6 (10) IU/L; S(y|x) = 99 IU/L (n = 124; range, 1.6-4746 IU/L; r = 0.995).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined with the fully automated instrumentation, the 5-min, dry-reagent assay allows quantitative and reproducible determination of hCG in whole blood while sustaining the speed and simplicity of conventional rapid assays.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland. piia.vonlode@tutu.fi
authors.forename: Piia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: von Lode
authors.forename: Jarmo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rainaho
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pettersson
mesh_terms: D002614:Chelating Agents; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood*; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human / Q000097:blood; D005063:Europium; D005260:Female; D005453:Fluorescence; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D011247:Pregnancy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D018997:Chorionic Gonadotropin, beta Subunit, Human; D005063:Europium