title: The effectiveness of feminist pedagogy in empowering a community of learners.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine whether a pedagogy grounded in feminist ideals has the potential to empower students to make changes consistent with those ideals in their personal and professional lives. In Phase I, qualitative data were collected through e-mail questionnaires from students in two nursing schools, one in Canada and one in the United States. Findings were used to identify an appropriate tool to measure the empowering influence of feminist pedagogy. In Phase 2, a pretest-posttest design used Barrett's Power as Knowing Participation in Change Tool (PKPCT) to measure student empowerment. A clinical setting was added in a third baccalaureate nursing program. A total of 218 students participated in seven course offerings-four classroom and three clinical. One hundred one matched pairs were obtained, for an overall response rate of 46%. Repeated measures ANOVA revealed that overall empowerment scores, as measured by the PKPCT, and classroom empowerment (CE), as measured by the addition of a variable (i.e., the ability to contribute in class), increased significantly from pretest to posttest. Interaction between Sites 1 and 2 was also significant. Regression analysis indicated posttest CE scores added to pretest PKPCT and CE scores provided a strong model to predict overall empowerment scores, measured by the PKPCT at Time 2 (R2 = .703). Despite limitations related to loss of follow up and low response rates at one site, the results of this study supported both hypotheses: that empowerment would increase over the course of the class in which feminist pedagogical principles were used, and that classroom empowerment is likely to extend beyond the classroom to personal and work environments.
authors.affiliation: York University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. afalk-rafael@rogers.com
authors.forename: Adeline R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Falk-Rafael
authors.forename: Peggy L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Chinn
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Laschinger
authors.forename: Alicebelle Maxson
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rubotzky
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002170:Canada; D004508:Education, Nursing, Baccalaureate / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D019513:Feminism; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D008297:Male; D017145:Models, Educational; D015402:Nursing Education Research; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010687:Philosophy, Nursing; D011209:Power, Psychological; D015397:Program Evaluation; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012659:Semantic Differential; D015206:Southwestern United States; D013338:Students, Nursing / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires