title: Inhibitory effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) on rat ileal motility in vitro.
abstract: Ginger (Zingiber officinale rhizome) is a widespread herbal medicine mainly used for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases, including dyspepsia, nausea and diarrhoea. In the present study we evaluated the effect of this herbal remedy on the contractions induced by electrical stimulation (EFS) or acetylcholine in the isolated rat ileum. Ginger (0.01-1000 microg/ml) inhibited both EFS- and acetylcholine-evoked contractions, being more potent in inhibiting the contractions induced by EFS. The depressant effect of ginger on EFS-induced contractions was reduced by the vanilloid receptor antagonist capsazepine (10(-5) M), but unaffected by the alpha(2)-adrenergic antagonist yohimbine (10(-7) M), the CB(1) receptor antagonist SR141716A (10(-6) M), the opioid antagonist naloxone (10(-6) M) or by the NO synthase inhibitor L-NAME (3 x 10(-4) M). Zingerone (up to 3 x 10(-4) M), one of the active ingredients of ginger, did not possess inhibitory effects. It is concluded that ginger possesses both prejunctional and postjunctional inhibitory effects on ileal contractility; the prejunctional inhibitory effect of ginger on enteric excitatory transmission could involve a capsazepine-sensible site (possibly vanilloid receptors).
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pharmacology, University of Naples Federico II, Via D. Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Borrelli
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Capasso
authors.forename: Aldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Angelo A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Izzo
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004336:Drug Antagonism; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects*; D020939:Zingiber officinale / Q000737:chemistry; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; C071423:capsazepine; D000109:Acetylcholine; D002211:Capsaicin