title: Suppression of the induction of alpha, beta, and lambda interferons by the NS1 and NS2 proteins of human respiratory syncytial virus in human epithelial cells and macrophages [corrected].
abstract: Wild-type human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is a poor inducer of alpha/beta interferons (IFN-alpha/beta). However, recombinant HRSV lacking the NS1 and NS2 genes (Delta NS1/2) induced high levels of IFN-alpha and -beta in human pulmonary epithelial cells (A549) as well as in macrophages derived from primary human peripheral blood monocytes. Results with NS1 and NS2 single- and double-gene-deletion viruses indicated that the two proteins function independently as well as coordinately to achieve the full inhibitory effect, with NS1 having a greater independent role. The relative contributions of the individual NS proteins were the converse of that recently described for bovine RSV (J. F. Valarcher, J. Furze, S. Wyld, R. Cook, K. K. Conzelmann, and G. Taylor, J. Virol. 77:8426-8439, 2003). This pattern of inhibition by HRSV NS1 and NS2 also extended to the newly described antiviral cytokines IFN-lambda 1, -2 and -3.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-8007, USA.
authors.forename: Kirsten M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Spann
authors.forename: Kim-C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Ronald L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Rabin
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015870:Gene Expression; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007372:Interferons / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D009154:Mutation; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D018113:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology*; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D004247:DNA; D007372:Interferons