title: Epidural versus general anesthesia for twin-twin transfusion syndrome requiring fetal surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper describes our experiences with epidural and general anesthesia for selective fetoscopic laser photocoagulation (SFLP) of placental vascular anastomoses in patients with severe twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of 29 anesthetic and surgical operative records of 28 women undergoing SFLP at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia from July 1996 to June 2001.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with anterior placentas were more likely to receive a general anesthetic. Patients receiving an epidural anesthetic received significantly more intravenous (i.v.) crystalloid but less i.v. fentanyl than those receiving a general or combined technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The advantages of general anesthesia include increased ability of the patient to tolerate extreme positions and the surgical manipulation of the uterus (required in the technically more difficult cases), greater uterine relaxation, decreased use of i.v. fluids, but increased fentanyl requirements. Epidural anesthesia avoids the risks of failed tracheal intubation in pregnant women but may not reduce fetal responses to surgical stimuli unless the mother receives supplemental intravenous drugs. However, this may increase the risk of respiratory depression. The choice of anesthetic technique for SFLP in patients with severe TTTS must be made after careful consideration of maternal and fetal factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115-5737, USA. laura.myers@tch.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Laura B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Mehernoor F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Watcha
mesh_terms: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000592:standards; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005330:Fetofetal Transfusion / Q000601:surgery*; D005332:Fetoscopy; D006801:Humans; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D005283:Fentanyl