title: Enriched environment, nitric oxide production and synaptic plasticity prevent the aging-dependent impairment of spatial cognition.
abstract: In rodents, neuronal plasticity decreases and spatial learning and working memory deficits increase upon aging. Several authors have shown that rats reared in enriched environments have better cognitive performance in association with increased neuronal plasticity than animals reared in standard environments. We hypothesized that enriched environment could preserve animals from the age-associated neurological impairments, mainly through NO-dependent mechanisms of induction of neuronal plasticity. We present evidence that 27 months old rats from an enriched environment show a better performance in spatial working memory than standard reared rats of the same age. Both mtNOS and cytosolic nNOS activities were found significantly increased (73% and 155%, respectively) in female rats from enriched environment as compared with control animals kept in a standard environment. The enzymatic activity of complex I was 80% increased in rats from enriched environment as compared with control rats. We conclude that an extensively enriched environment prevents old rats from the aging-associated impairment of spatial cognition, synaptic plasticity and nitric oxide production.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Free Radical Biology, School of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Buenos Aires, C1113AAD Buenos Aires, Argentina. slanaiz@ffyb.uba.ar
authors.forename: Silvia Lores
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Arnaiz
authors.forename: Gabriela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Amico
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Paglia
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arismendi
authors.forename: Nidia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Basso
authors.forename: María
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: del Rosario Lores Arnaiz
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase