title: Is extended arch aortoplasty the operation of choice for infant aortic coarctation? Results of 15 years' experience in 181 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recurrent coarctation is an ever-present complication of surgical treatment of coarctation of aorta (CoA) among infants. No single operation appears to have a clear superiority.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1, 1986, to June 30, 2002, a consecutive series of 181 patients less than 1 year of age (range 1 to 300 days, median 13.5 days) were referred for CoA repair. Neonates accounted for 135 patients, and hypoplastic arch (less than 1 mm/kg plus 1) was present in 107 infants. Coarctation of aorta was simple (group 1) in 71 patients; complicated by ventricular septal defect (group 2) in 62; and complicated by complex congenital heart disease (group 3) in 48. All patients were assessed by right arm/left leg Dynamap pressures and routine follow-up was performed by the cardiologists. Follow-up was complete in all patients (range 6 months to 16 years, median 7.5 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall hospital/30-day mortality was 0.5% (group 1 = 0, group 2 = 0, group 3 = 1 [2.0%]). Complications other than recoarctation occurred in 5 patients (2.7%). Late mortality occurred in 15 (11 at intracardiac repair). Recoarctation, ie, a gradient of more than 20 mm Hg, occurred in 4 patients (2.2%). All 4 patients were noted to have a gradient of more than 10 mm Hg (right arm/left leg) postoperatively and as such had residual coarctation. All 4 were successfully treated by balloon aortoplasty.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extended arch aortoplasty in association with ductal and coarctation excision provides excellent coarctation repair with a low incidence of recoarctation. Recoarctation occurred only in proximal aortic arch hypoplasia or low birth weight. Balloon aortoplasty easily and effectively relieved the recoarctation in all cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin, Ireland. freddie@woodcts.iol.ie
authors.forename: Alfred E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Javadpour
authors.forename: Desmond
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Duff
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oslizlok
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D001017:Aortic Coarctation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011859:Radiography; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies