title: Optimization of a clean-up procedure for the determination of heterocyclic aromatic amines in urine by field-amplified sample injection-capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometry.
abstract: Heterocyclic amines (HAs), generated when proteinaceous food is cooked, are of special interest since they can be carcinogenic for humans. In this paper, the optimization of a clean-up procedure for the isolation and preconcentration of 15 heterocyclic amines in urine samples is described. The method proposed combines liquid extraction on a solid support of diatomaceous earth with solid-phase extraction in cartridges. Tests were performed on several cartridges containing graphitic carbon or mixed phases, i.e., combining reversed-phase and cation-exchange mechanism, and the best results were obtained with Oasis MCX. The optimized purification method was applied to the quantification of heterocyclic amines in hydrolyzed spiked human urine. The method was carried out by capillary electrophoresis (CE) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS) and applying field-amplified sample injection (FASI) as in-line preconcentration procedure. We obtained detection limits down to 0.3 ng/ml of urine and errors lower than 17%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of Barcelona, Diagonal 647, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Sònia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sentellas
authors.forename: Encarnación
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moyano
authors.forename: Lluís
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Puignou
authors.forename: M Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Galceran
mesh_terms: D000588:Amines / Q000652:urine*; D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds / Q000652:urine*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds