title: Boundary element modeling of the external human auditory system.
abstract: In this paper the response of the external auditory system to acoustical waves of varying frequencies and angles of incidence is computed using a boundary element method. The resonance patterns of both the ear canal and the concha are computed and compared with experimental data. Specialized numerical algorithms are developed that allow for the efficient computation of the eardrum pressures. In contrast to previous results in the literature that consider only the "blocked meatus" configuration, in this work the simulations are conducted on a boundary element mesh that includes both the external head/ear geometry, as well as the ear canal and eardrum. The simulation technology developed in this work is intended to demonstrate the utility of numerical analysis in studying physical phenomena related to the external auditory system. Later work could extend this towards simulating in situ hearing aids, and possibly using the simulations as a tool for optimizing hearing aid technologies for particular individuals.
authors.affiliation: Sandia National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, MS 0835, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA.
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Demkowicz
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Charles
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004431:Ear, External / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009716:Numerical Analysis, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation; D011312:Pressure; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000502:physiology*