title: Assessment of visual analog versus categorical scale for measurement of osteoarthritis pain.
abstract: There is disagreement in the literature regarding which scales to use in pain measurement. The difference has usually been between nonverbal scales, such as visual analog scales and verbal ones, which usually provide only a limited number of response categories. A 12-week, randomized, double-blind naproxen sodium (500 mg bid) and placebo-controlled trial using the hip osteoarthritis (OA) flare-up pain mode, in which pain was measured on both visual analog and categorical scales simultaneously, was analyzed. The authors found a good correlation (> 0.995) between the time-series average of the unconstrained visual analog scale and a 5-point categorical scale pain measurement in the osteoarthritis pain model in both active and placebo treatment arms. However, for individuals, there is a wide range of VAS responses for each categorical score, with overlaps between categories. The visual analog and categorical scales appear as effective in determining average osteoarthritis pain. However, a combined metric scale for pain measurement that provides the subject with multiple cues may improve communication and concordance between scales for individual pain determination.
authors.affiliation: Division of Analgesic, Anti-inflammatory and Ophthalmic Drug Products, HFD-550, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, 5600 Fisher's Lane, Rockville, MD 20857, USA.
authors.forename: Mordechai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Averbuch
authors.forename: Meyer
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katzper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009288:Naproxen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications*; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D009288:Naproxen