title: How viruses enter animal cells.
abstract: Viruses replicate within living cells and use the cellular machinery for the synthesis of their genome and other components. To gain access, they have evolved a variety of elegant mechanisms to deliver their genes and accessory proteins into the host cell. Many animal viruses take advantage of endocytic pathways and rely on the cell to guide them through a complex entry and uncoating program. In the dialogue between the cell and the intruder, the cell provides critical cues that allow the virus to undergo molecular transformations that lead to successful internalization, intra-cellular transport, and uncoating.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology-Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alicia E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Helenius
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000818:Animals; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000821:virology; D002468:Cell Physiological Phenomena; D002477:Cells / Q000821:virology*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000821:virology; D004705:Endocytosis; D016679:Genome, Viral; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000502:physiology; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014771:Virion / Q000502:physiology*; D018406:Virus Physiological Phenomena
chemical_list: D011991:Receptors, Virus; D014764:Viral Proteins