title: Extract of vinegar "Kurosu" from unpolished rice inhibits the development of colonic aberrant crypt foci induced by azoxymethane.
abstract: The modifying effects of administrating an ethyl acetate extract of "Kurosu" (EK), a vinegar made from unpolished rice, on development of azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) were investigated in male F344 rats. We also assessed the effects of EK on proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) index in ACF, prostaglandin (PG) E2 expression in the colonic mucosa and activities of detoxifying enzymes of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and quinone reductase (QR) in the liver. To induce ACF, rats were given two weekly subcutaneous injections of AOM (20 mg/kg body wt). They also received drinking water containing 0, 0.05, 0.1 or 0.2% EK for 4 weeks, starting 1 week before the first dosing of AOM. AOM exposure produced 140 +/- 23 ACF/rat at the end of the study (week 4). EK administration dose-dependently inhibited ACF formation and inhibition by 0.2% EK was statistically significant (P < 0.002). Treatment with EK significantly lowered PCNA index in ACF and reduced PGE2 content in the colonic mucosa, while EK elevated liver GST and QR activities. These findings suggest that EK may be effective for inhibiting colonic ACF, through induction of liver GST and QR and possibly alteration of PGE2 production.
authors.affiliation: Research Center, Tamanoi Vinegar Co. Ltd., Yamatokoriyama, Nara, Japan. research@tamanoi.co.jp
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimoji
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sugie
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kohno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uenakai
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohigashi
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001397:Azoxymethane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004326:Drinking; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D012275:Oryza / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry*; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D015232:Dinoprostone; D001397:Azoxymethane; D019342:Acetic Acid