title: Loss and recovery of independence among seniors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This article identifies risk factors associated with the loss and recovery of independence among the household population aged 65 or older.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data are from the longitudinal component of the first two cycles (1994/95 and 1996/97) of Statistics Canada's National Population Health Survey (NPHS). Supplementary information is from the cross-sectional component of the 1998/99 NPHS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-tabulations were used to estimate the proportions of seniors who lost or regained independence between 1994/95 and 1996/97. Logistic regression models were used to explore associations between loss or recovery of independence and demographic, behavioural and socioeconomic variables, as well as chronic conditions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age, sex and the effects of stroke were significantly related to the loss and recovery of independence among seniors. Bronchitis/emphysema, diabetes, heart disease, weight, physical activity, education and household income were associated with the loss of independence, but not its recovery. Dependent seniors with back problems, urinary incontinence, or who smoked had low odds of regaining independence.
authors.affiliation: Demography Division, Statistics Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0T6. laurent.martel@statcan.ca
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martel
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bélanger
authors.forename: Jean-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Berthelot
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002170:Canada; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D012046:Rehabilitation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors