title: Characterization of the chicken PKR: polymorphism of the gene and antiviral activity against vesicular stomatitis virus.
abstract: The double-stranded RNA-dependent protein kinase (PKR) is induced in mouse and human cells on treatment with interferon. In this study, we have cloned and determined the nucleotide sequences of chicken PKR cDNA in various chicken breeds. Chicken PKR was a 550-amino-acid protein as deduced from the cDNA open reading frame (ORF), and there were specific domains (two double-stranded RNA binding domains (DRBDs) and numerous kinase subdomains) characterized in RNA binding proteins and kinase families. Furthermore, it was suggested that chicken PKR was polymorphic. Transfected cell clones expressing chicken PKR mRNA were demonstrated to confer antiviral responses to vesicular stomatitis virus, except for Koshamo type-3 (KS-3). KS-3 PKR, which has an amino acid substitution at position 507 (Arg to Gln), showed amphibious antiviral responses. This specific amino acid substitution was considered to determine the antiviral function of chicken PKR in addition to essential domains as DRBDs and kinase subdomains.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science, Department of Disease Control Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan.
authors.forename: Jae-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kon
authors.forename: Tomomasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Agui
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D041702:BALB 3T3 Cells; D001483:Base Sequence; D002645:Chickens / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000276:immunology; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019892:eIF-2 Kinase