title: The levels of glutathione peroxidase, vitamin A, E, C and lipid peroxidation in patients with transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the levels of erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and the serum levels of antioxidant vitamins (A, E and C), selenium and malondialdehyde (MDA) in patients with transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised 91 people (23 healthy controls and 68 patients with TCC). Erythrocyte GSH-Px activity was measured by spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography to detect serum levels of vitamins and MDA, and fluorometry to detect serum levels of selenium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The serum levels of vitamin A, E and C, and selenium were significantly lower (P < 0.05) in patients with TCC than in controls. However, erythrocyte GSH-Px activities (P < 0.05) and serum MDA levels (P < 0.01) were significantly higher in patients with TCC than in the controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Levels of free oxygen species were higher, and antioxidant vitamin and selenium levels lower, in patients with bladder TCC than in controls. These findings, with the results of previous animal studies, suggest that giving vitamin A, C, E and selenium may be beneficial in preventing and treating human bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Firat Medical Centre, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Literature, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey. yalcin_orhan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yalçin
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Karataş
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Erulaş
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000097:blood; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood; D014815:Vitamins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid