title: Type 2 diabetes mellitus in children--an increasing health problem in Mexico.
abstract: The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) in children has increased worldwide and is commonly associated with overweight. Forty-four children with DM2 were studied by clinical histories, anthropometric measurements, and biochemical analysis. Homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were determined to evaluate insulin resistance. Only five patients presented normal body mass index (BMI); the remainder were overweight, and 76% had acanthosis nigricans. Laboratory results yielded hyperglycemia, elevated glycosylated hemoglobin, insulin and C-peptide. Elevated HOMA-IR and decreased QUICKI values suggest insulin resistance. No significant difference was found between sexes, although overweight in girls had more influence over blood pressure and lipid levels (p <0.05). Time from diagnosis and HOMA-IR yielded relevant values (p = 0.010). Laboratory results, QUICKI, and HOMA-IR values suggested that these patients present DM2 and decreased insulin sensitivity. We recommend prevention of overweight and sedentary life-style.
authors.affiliation: Biochemistry Medical Research Department, Specialties Hospital, Twenty-First Century National Medical Center, Mexican Institute of Social Security (IMSS), Mexico City, Mexico. mcruzl@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Margarita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Blanca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Aguilar-Herrera
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pérez-Johnston
authors.forename: Nora
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guzmán-Juárez
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aranda
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kumate
mesh_terms: D000052:Acanthosis Nigricans / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids