title: Metastatic prostate cancer with normal level of serum prostate-specific antigen.
abstract: The clinical and pathological features of metastatic prostate cancer with normal level of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) were investigated. Four patients with metastatic prostate cancer had serum PSA within the normal range at the diagnosis. All tumors were poorly-differentiated adenocarcinoma. Endocrine therapy was performed as the initial therapy in all patients. Despite subsequently treatment, all cases died of prostate cancer at 2, 8, 9 and 38 months. During disease progression, 3 of 4 patients had elevated serum markers such as carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), CA19-9, CA15-3, CA125, neuron-specific enolase and pro-gastrin releasing peptide. Immunohistochemical examination of the initial biopsy specimens revealed that 4 and 3 cases were positive for CEA and chromogranin A, respectively. In advanced prostate cancer patients with low PSA level, those markers may aid in the follow up of disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furuya
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nagakawa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fuse
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen