title: Relapse in schizophrenia: costs, clinical outcomes and quality of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Relapse is one of the most costly aspects of schizophrenia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare costs, clinical outcomes and quality of life for patients who experienced relapse in schizophrenia with a control group who did not relapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly selected from current psychiatric case-loads drawn from urban and suburban areas of Leicester. Differences in costs and outcomes by relapse status in the previous 6 months were examined using parametric and non-parametric tests, and multivariate analysis was used to examine factors associated with relapse and costs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Costs for the patients who relapsed were over four times higher than those for the non-relapse group. There were few statistically significant differences in clinical and quality of life measures by relapse status. Multivariate analyses suggested some significant correlates of relapse and costs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The higher costs associated with relapse will be of interest to policy-makers who face difficult choices concerning new but more expensive treatments for patients with schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: LSE Health and Social Care, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Almond
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knapp
authors.forename: Clement
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Francois
authors.forename: Mondher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toumi
authors.forename: Traolach
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brugha
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017281:Cost of Illness; D004739:England; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011379:Prognosis; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011788:Quality of Life; D012008:Recurrence; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000191:economics* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors