The ABCs of artificial antigen presentation.
Artificial antigen presentation aims to accelerate the establishment of therapeutic cellular immunity. Artificial antigen-presenting cells (AAPCs) and their cell-free substitutes are designed to stimulate the expansion and acquisition of optimal therapeutic features of T cells before therapeutic infusion, without the need for autologous antigen-presenting cells. Compelling recent advances include fibroblast AAPCs that process antigens, magnetic beads that are antigen specific, novel T-cell costimulatory combinations, the augmentation of therapeutic potency of adoptively transferred T lymphocytes by interleukin-15, and the safe use of dendritic cell-derived exosomes pulsed with tumor antigen. Whereas the safety and potency of the various systems warrant further preclinical and clinical studies, these emerging technologies are poised to have a major impact on adoptive T-cell therapy and the investigation of T cell-mediated immunity.
Kim
Jiyun V
JV
Laboratory of Gene Transfer and Gene Expression, Gene Transfer and Somatic Cell Engineering Facility, Department of Medicine and Immunology Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA.
Latouche
Jean-Baptiste
JB
Rivière
Isabelle
I
Sadelain
Michel
M
D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000166:cytology; D000941:Antigens / Q000737:chemistry*; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000737:chemistry; D002474:Cell-Free System; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D007313:Insecta; D019409:Interleukin-15 / Q000378:metabolism; D008081:Liposomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008280:Magnetics; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic
D000941:Antigens; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D019409:Interleukin-15; D008081:Liposomes; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic