title: 14-3-3 suppresses the nuclear localization of threonine 157-phosphorylated p27(Kip1).
abstract: p27(Kip1) (p27), a CDK inhibitor, migrates into the nucleus, where it controls cyclin-CDK complex activity for proper cell cycle progression. We report here that the classical bipartite-type basic amino-acid cluster and the two downstream amino acids of the C-terminal region of p27 function as a nuclear localization signal (NLS) for its full nuclear import activity. Importin alpha3 and alpha5, but not alpha1, transported p27 into the nucleus in conjunction with importin beta, as evidenced by an in vitro transport assay. It is known that Akt phosphorylates Thr 157 of p27 and this reduces the nuclear import activity of p27. Using a pull-down experiment, 14-3-3 was identified as the Thr157-phosphorylated p27NLS-binding protein. Although importin alpha5 bound to Thr157-phosphorylated p27NLS, 14-3-3 competed with importin alpha5 for binding to it. Thus, 14-3-3 sequestered phosphorylated p27NLS from importin alpha binding, resulting in cytoplasmic localization of NLS-phosphorylated p27. These findings indicate that 14-3-3 suppresses importin alpha/beta-dependent nuclear localization of Thr157-phosphorylated p27, suggesting implications for cell cycle disorder in Akt-activated cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sekimoto
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukumoto
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoneda
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D028884:Karyopherins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008845:Microinjections; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D013912:Threonine / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D028884:Karyopherins; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D013912:Threonine; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt