title: Rice octadecanoid pathway.
abstract: Plant jasmonic acid (JA) and structurally similar animal prostaglandins play pivotal roles in regulating cellular responses against environmental cues, including the innate immune response(s). In plants, JA and its immediate precursor 12-oxo-phytodienoic acid (OPDA) are synthesized by the octadecanoid pathway, which employs at least five enzymes (lipase, lipoxygenase, allene oxide synthase and cyclase, and OPDA reductase), in addition to the enzymes involved in the beta-oxidation steps. Genetic, molecular, and biochemical analyses have led to the identification of almost all the genes of the octadecanoid pathway in Arabidopsis--a model dicotyledonous plant. In this regard, rice (Oryza sativa L.)--an important socio-economic monocotyledonous model research plant--remains poorly characterized. Until now, no gene has been specifically associated with this pathway. It is therefore of utmost importance to identify, characterize, and assign the pathway specific genes in rice. In this review, we have surveyed the rice genome, extracted a large number of putative genes of the octadecanoid pathway, and discussed their relationship with the known pathway genes from other plant species. Moreover, the achievements made so far on the rice octadecanoid pathway have also been summarized to reflect the contribution of rice towards extending our knowledge on this critical pathway in plants.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratory for Agricultural Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Kathmandu, Nepal. gkagrawal@onebox.com
authors.forename: Ganesh K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tamogami
authors.forename: Oksoo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwahashi
authors.forename: Randeep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rakwal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics; D008780:Methyltransferases / Q000235:genetics; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D054883:Oxylipins; D010740:Phospholipases / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D054883:Oxylipins; D010940:Plant Proteins; C025999:12-oxophytodienoic acid; C011006:jasmonic acid; D008780:Methyltransferases; C425043:jasmonic acid carboxyl methyltransferase; D010740:Phospholipases; D019746:Intramolecular Oxidoreductases; C021377:hydroperoxide isomerase