Predictors of oral mucositis in patients receiving hematopoietic cell transplants for chronic myelogenous leukemia.
OBJECTIVE
Oral mucositis is a nearly universal and often severe complication following hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). The objective of this study was to evaluate factors predicting oral mucositis severity among 133 patients undergoing allogeneic HCT for chronic myelogenous leukemia.


METHODS
All patients were transplanted between 1992 and 1999, were >or= 18 years of age, received either cyclophosphamide/total-body irradiation (TBI) or busulfan/cyclophosphamide conditioning regimens, and received four doses of methotrexate for graft-versus-host disease prophylaxis post-transplant. Oral mucositis was measured by a trained examiner every 2 to 3 days using the Oral Mucositis Index (OMI). Multiple linear regression analysis was used to identify predictors of mean OMI during days 6 to 12, 1 to 18, and the maximum OMI score between days 1 to 18.


RESULTS
TBI containing conditioning regimens, body mass index >or= 25, and methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 TT genotype were found to be predictive of higher mean OMI scores (P <.05). Pretransplant multivitamin supplement use was associated with lower mean OMI scores compared to those who did not use supplements. Smoking status, race, pretransplant treatment with interferon-alfa or hydroxyurea, and patient/donor ABO compatibility were not associated with mean OMI scores.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients who are scheduled to receive conditioning regimens containing TBI, have a pretransplant body mass index >or= 25, or carry the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase 677 TT genotype should be considered at greater risk of developing oral mucositis following HCT. Future studies should investigate whether multivitamin supplementation before HCT could reduce mucositis severity.
Robien
Kim
K
Cancer Prevention Research Program, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA.
Schubert
Mark M
MM
Bruemmer
Barbara
B
Lloid
Michele E
ME
Potter
John D
JD
Ulrich
Cornelia M
CM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002066:Busulfan / Q000009:adverse effects; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2) / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013280:Stomatitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation / Q000009:adverse effects
D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D042965:Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (NADPH2); D002066:Busulfan