title: Waist circumference as a measurement of obesity in the Netherlands Antilles; associations with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate waist circumference (WC) as a screening tool for obesity in a Caribbean population. To identify risk groups with a high prevalence of (central) obesity in a Caribbean population, and to evaluate associations between (central) obesity and self-reported hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of adults (18 y or older) was selected from the Population Registries of three islands of the Netherlands Antilles. Response was over 80%. Complete data were available for 2025 subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire and measurements of weight, height, waist and hip.
  
  
  METHODS
  Central obesity indicator (WC > or =102 cm men, > or =88 cm women).
  
  
  RESULTS
  WC was positively associated with age (65-74 y vs 18-24 y) in men (OR=7.7, 95% CI 3.4-17.4) and women (OR=6.4, 95% CI 3.2-12.7). Women with a low education had a higher prevalence of central obesity than women with a high education (OR=0.5, 95% CI 0.3-0.7). However, men with a high income had a higher prevalence of a central obesity than men with a low income (OR=1.7, 95% CI=1.1-2.6). WC was the strongest independent obesity indicator associated with self-reported hypertension (OR=1.7, 95% CI 1.4-2.0) and diabetes mellitus (OR=1.6, 95% CI 1.3-1.9).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The identified risk groups were women aged 55-74 y, women with a low educational level and men with a high income. WC appears to be the major obesity indicator associated with hypertension and diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Island Governments of Saba, St Eustatius and Bonaire, the Federal Government of the Netherlands Antilles, Dutch Directorate for Kingdom relationships.
authors.affiliation: Northern Centre for Health Care Research, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grievink
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Alberts
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Niel
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gerstenbluth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001824:Body Constitution / Q000502:physiology*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009427:Netherlands Antilles / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires