title: Organotin compounds in the liver tissue of marine mammals from the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea.
abstract: Butyltins (BTs) and phenyltins (PhTs) were determined in the livers of marine mammals found by-caught or stranded along the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea. During the investigation an original analytical method was developed. Butyltin compounds were detected in all the liver samples, whereas phenyltins were not detected in any of the samples. The total concentrations of BTs ranged from 43.9 to 7698 ng(Sn) x g(-1) dry weight. Age-related trends to accumulate BTs in immature porpoises were found. At the same time there were no male-female differences in BTs concentrations observed. No statistically significant spatial distribution differences were found between the locations corresponding to the open Baltic Sea waters and inside the Gulf of Gdańsk, which is characterized by high maritime activity. In comparison to butyltin levels in marine mammals from other geographic regions, the samples analyzed indicate a significant degree of tributyltin pollution along the Polish coast of the Baltic Sea. On the basis of a literature review, higher BT levels are usually found in waters close to highly industrialized areas, such as Japan, Hong Kong, and the United States.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Sciences, Medical University of Gdańsk, 107 Hallera Street, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ciesielski
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wasik
authors.forename: Iwona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kuklik
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Skóra
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Namieśnik
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Szefer
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D004289:Dolphins; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D009947:Organotin Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011044:Poland; D019576:Porpoises; D046048:Seals, Earless; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D009947:Organotin Compounds; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical