title: Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase contributes to the development of myocardial infarction in diabetic rats and regulates the nuclear translocation of apoptosis-inducing factor.
abstract: Activation of the nuclear enzyme poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP)-1 by oxidant-mediated DNA damage is an important pathway of cell dysfunction and tissue injury during myocardial infarction. Because diabetes mellitus can substantially alter cellular signal transduction pathways, we have now investigated whether the PARP pathway also contributes to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury in diabetes mellitus in rodents. Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion in control and streptozotocin-diabetic rats was induced by transient ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. PARP activation was inhibited by the isoindolinone derivative PARP inhibitor INO-1001. In diabetic rats, a more pronounced degree of myocardial contractile dysfunction developed, which also was associated with a larger infarct size, and significant mortality compared with nondiabetic rats. Inhibition of PARP provided a similar degree of myocardial protective effect in diabetic and nondiabetic animals and reduced infarct size and improved myocardial contractility. In diabetic rats, PARP inhibition reduced mortality during the reperfusion phase. There was marked activation of PARP in the ischemic/reperfused myocardium, which was blocked by INO-1001. In addition, there was a significant degree of mitochondrial-to-nuclear translocation of the cell death effector apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) in myocardial infarction, which was blocked by pharmacological inhibition of PARP. The role of PARP in regulating AIF translocation in myocytes also was confirmed in an isolated perfused heart preparation. Overall, the current results demonstrate the importance of the PARP pathway in diabetic rats subjected to myocardial infarction and demonstrate the role of PARP in regulating AIF translocation in MI/R.
authors.affiliation: Inotek Pharmaceuticals Corporation, Suite 419E, 100 Cummings Center, Beverly, MA 01915, USA. szabocsaba@aol.com
authors.forename: Chun-Yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zsuzsanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zsengellér
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Szabó
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005420:Flavoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: C494831:Aifm1 protein, rat; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor; D005420:Flavoproteins; C491685:INO 1001; D007211:Indoles; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases