Impact of engine lubricant properties on regulated gaseous emissions of 2000-2001 model-year gasoline vehicles.
The impact of the sulfur (S) content in lubricating oil was evaluated for four ultra-low-emission vehicles and two super-ultra-low-emission vehicles, all with low mileage. The S content in the lube oils ranged from 0.01 to 0.76%, while the S content of the gasoline was fixed at 0.2 ppmw. Vehicles were configured with aged catalysts and tested over the Federal Test Procedure, at idle and at 50-mph cruise conditions. In all testing modes, variations in the S level of the lubricant did not significantly affect the regulated gas-phase tailpipe emissions. In addition to the regulated gas-phase emissions, a key element of the research was measuring the engine-out sulfur dioxide (SO2) in near-real-time. This research used a new methodology based on a differential optical absorption spectrometer (DOAS) to measure SO2 from the lubricants used in this study. With the DOAS, the contribution of SO2 emissions for the highest-S lubricant was found to range from less than 1 to 6 ppm on a gasoline S equivalent basis over the range of vehicles and test cycles used. The development and operation of the DOAS is discussed in this paper.
Durbin
Thomas D
TD
Bourns College of Engineering-Center for Environmental Research and Technology, University of California, Riverside, California, USA. durbin@cert.ucr.edu
Sauer
Claudia G
CG
Pisano
John T
JT
Rhee
Sam H
SH
Huai
Tao
T
Miller
J Wayne
JW
MacKay
Gervase I
GI
Robbins
John
J
Gamble
Heather
H
Hochhauser
Albert M
AM
Ingham
Michael C
MC
Gorse
Robert A
RA
Beard
Loren K
LK
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001336:Automobiles; D004738:Engineering; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005742:Gasoline; D008153:Lubrication; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
D000393:Air Pollutants; D005742:Gasoline; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide