Non-invasive cardiac output monitoring.
Outcomes in the management of critically ill patients may be improved using goal-directed peri-operative haemodynamic monitoring. A conservative approach may no longer be acceptable but in view of the significant morbidity associated with balloon tipped flow directed pulmonary artery catheters a non-invasive approach would be preferable. In this review we consider the different non-invasive techniques available and discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each technique.
Hett
D A
DA
Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK. david.hett@suht.swest.nhs.uk
Jonas
M M
MM
D001794:Blood Pressure; D002302:Cardiac Output; D002307:Cardiography, Impedance / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing; D002407:Catheterization, Swan-Ganz / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing; D006801:Humans; D018021:Lithium Chloride; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing; D011865:Radioisotope Dilution Technique / Q000451:nursing; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013815:Thermodilution / Q000379:methods / Q000451:nursing
D018021:Lithium Chloride