title: The infectious disease profile of Texas prison inmates.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prison inmates present with higher rates of disease morbidity and mortality than the general population. The rates of certain infectious diseases such as hepatitis C, HIV/AIDS, and tuberculosis are reported to be particularly elevated in prison systems. Scarce information, however, exists on the overall infectious disease profile of inmate populations. The present study examined the prevalence of major infectious diseases in one of the nation's largest prison populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 336,668 Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ) inmates who were incarcerated for any duration between January 1, 1999 and December 31, 2001. Information on medical conditions, sentencing factors, and sociodemographic factors was obtained from an institution-wide medical information system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Latent tuberculosis infection constituted the most prevalent infectious disease reported among inmates. This was followed in frequency by hepatitis C, HIV/AIDS, and syphilis. Prevalence estimates for most of the infectious diseases under study exhibited substantial differences across gender, age, and ethnicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study shows that the prison population had prevalence rates that were substantially higher for latent TB, HIV/AIDS, and hepatitis C than those reported for the general population and some incarcerated populations. The rate of active TB among TDCJ inmates, however, was comparable to that of the general population and other incarcerated populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78284-7802, USA. baillargeon@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Baillargeon
authors.forename: Sandra A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Charles T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Leach
authors.forename: Hal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jenson
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pulvino
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bradshaw
authors.forename: Owen
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011329:Prisoners; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology