title: Managing the pain of primary and secondary dysmenorrhoea.
abstract: Dysmenorrhoea, pain during menstruation, affects 40-95 per cent of menstruating women, and has been reported as the most common causes of regular absenteeism among young women. There are two types of dysmenorrhoea: primary and secondary. Primary dysmenorrhoea is a painful menstruation with no detectable organic disease and is more common in adolescent women. Secondary dysmenorrhoea is painful menstruation that is frequently associated with a pelvic pathology. The symptoms that present with dysmenorrhoea, the management and treatment options that are available, and the implications for nursing practice are discussed.
authors.affiliation: University of Wales, Swansea.
authors.forename: Ann Elaine
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D015670:Acupuncture Therapy; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010147:Pain Measurement; D012648:Self Care / Q000379:methods; D015149:Tocolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004561:Transcutaneous Electric Nerve Stimulation
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D015149:Tocolytic Agents; D005996:Nitroglycerin