title: The role of osteoprotegerin and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand in human microvascular endothelial cell survival.
abstract: Endothelial cell survival and antiapoptotic pathways, including those stimulated by extracellular matrix, are critical regulators of vasculogenesis, angiogenesis, endothelial repair, and shear-stress-induced endothelial activation. One of these pathways is mediated by alpha(v)beta(3) integrin ligation, downstream activation of nuclear factor-kappaB, and subsequent up-regulation of osteoprotegerin (OPG). In this study, the mechanism by which OPG protects endothelial cells from death was examined. Serum-starved human microvascular endothelial cells (HMECs) plated on the alpha(v)beta(3) ligand osteopontin were protected from cell death. Immunoprecipitation experiments indicated that OPG formed a complex with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in HMECs under these conditions. Furthermore, inhibitors of TRAIL, including recombinant soluble TRAIL receptors and a neutralizing antibody against TRAIL, blocked apoptosis of serum-starved HMECs plated on the nonintegrin attachment factor poly-d-lysine. Whereas TRAIL was unable to induce apoptosis in HMECs plated on osteopontin, the addition of recombinant TRAIL did increase the percentage of apoptotic HMECs plated on poly-d-lysine. This evidence indicates that OPG blocks endothelial cell apoptosis through binding TRAIL and preventing its interaction with death-inducing TRAIL-receptors
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Box 351720, Seattle, Washington 98195-1720, USA.
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Pritzker
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scatena
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Giachelli
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free / Q000494:pharmacology; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053495:Osteopontin; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D011107:Polylysine / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D053320:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 10c; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053320:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Member 10c; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C506895:SPP1 protein, human; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C105190:TNFRSF10A protein, human; C505639:TNFRSF10B protein, human; C108661:TNFRSF10C protein, human; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D053319:Tumor Necrosis Factor Decoy Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D053495:Osteopontin; D011107:Polylysine