Activation of antigen-presenting cells by microbial products breaks self tolerance and induces autoimmune disease.
We describe the generation of mice that express a transgenic T cell receptor (TCR) (5B6) specific for the encephalitogenic myelin proteolipid protein (PLP) peptide 139-151, on the experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis-resistant (EAE-resistant) B10.S background. Despite harboring a high frequency of self-reactive T cells, 5B6 transgenic mice on the B10.S background rarely develop spontaneous EAE, which is in striking contrast to 5B6 transgenic mice on the EAE-susceptible SJL background. The relative resistance to spontaneous EAE in transgenic B10.S mice is not due to deletion or anergy of T cells, but appears to be controlled by APCs. Analysis of APCs revealed a lower activation state and a lower T cell-activating capacity for APCs from B10.S mice than for those from EAE-susceptible SJL mice. When APCs in 5B6 transgenic B10.S mice were activated, for example, via TLR9 or TLR4, T cell tolerance was broken, resulting in EAE. Our findings demonstrate that activation of APCs via innate immune receptors can break self tolerance and trigger the development of autoimmunity even in a genetically resistant strain. These findings suggest that the development of autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis is determined at least partly by the endogenous activation state of APCs.
Waldner
Hanspeter
H
Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Collins
Mary
M
Kuchroo
Vijay K
VK
D000818:Animals; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell