title: Hemimegalencephaly misdiagnosed as a congenital brain tumor by fetal cerebral ultrasonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a case of hemimegalencephaly misdiagnosed prenatally.
  
  
  METHODS
  We presented a neonate with hemimegalencephaly, who was thought to have a congenital brain tumor by fetal cerebral ultrasonography. Postnatal MRI findings showed hemimegalencephaly characterized by mild enlargement of the affected hemisphere with a predominantly abnormal signal in the frontal lobe. The appearance of an echogenic round-shaped mass may have resulted from predominant hypermyelination and/or dysplastic neural/glial tissue in the frontal white matter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In prenatal diagnosis with fetal cerebral ultrasonography, it is difficult to distinguish between congenital brain tumor and hemimegalencephaly in which enlargement of the hemisphere is mild and the affected area of the brain is localized or predominantly in part of a cerebral hemisphere.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan. shigenis@med.yokohama-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishimaki
authors.forename: Masaya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Shumpei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokota
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004453:Echoencephalography; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal