title: Dioxin-like compounds in pine needles around Tokyo Bay, Japan in 1999.
abstract: Pine needle samples collected at ten spatially distant sites around Tokyo Bay in 1999 indicated a widespread lower troposphere pollution with ultra-trace dioxin-like compounds such as chlorodibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), -furans (PCDFs), non-ortho- and mono-ortho-chlorobiphenyls (pPCBs), and -naphthalenes (PCNs). Elevated concentration of planar PCBs and the total PCNs were found at the sites which are located innermost to the Bay, suggesting the regional importance of the evaporative nature of the source of pollution by those compounds over this vast area. The concentrations and profiles for PCDDs and PCDFs remained largely uniform. An exception was the site near the town of Tateyama in the Chiba Prefecture, which is the southernmost but also relatively separate from the inner Bay. The site near Tateyama showed somehow background contamination with all compound groups and highly different profiles of PCNs. The principal component analysis (PCA) of the data matrix has revealed that around the Tokyo Bay, apart from the evaporative emission sources for PCNs and PCBs, combustion related processes also play an important role as sources of the ambient air contamination not only with PCDDs/Fs but also with chloronaphthalenes and planar chlorobiphenyls.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), EMTECH, 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8569, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyasu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hanari
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Horii
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okazawa
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Falandysz
authors.forename: Ilona
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bochentin
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orlikowska
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Puzyn
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wyrzykowska
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D007564:Japan; D028223:Pinus / Q000737:chemistry*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls