title: The structural basis for methylmalonic aciduria. The crystal structure of archaeal ATP:cobalamin adenosyltransferase.
abstract: ATP:cobalamin adenosyltransferase MMAB was recently identified as the gene responsible for a disorder of cobalamin metabolism in humans (cblB complementation group). The crystal structure of the MMAB sequence homologue from Thermoplasma acidophilum (TA1434; GenBank identification number gi|16082403) was determined to a resolution of 1.5 A. TA1434 was confirmed to be an ATP:cobalamin adenosyltransferase, which depended absolutely on divalent metal ions (Mg2+ > Mn2+ > Co2+) and only used ATP or dATP as adenosyl donors. The apparent Km of TA1434 was 110 microM (kcat = 0.23 s(-1)) for ATP, 140 microM (kcat = 0.11 s(-1)) for dATP, and 3 microM (kcat = 0.18 s(-1)) for cobalamin. TA1434 is a trimer in solution and in the crystal structure, with each subunit composed of a five-helix bundle. The location of disease-related point mutations and other residues conserved among the homologues of TA1434 suggest that the active site lies at the junctions between the subunits. Mutations in TA1434 that correspond to the disease-related mutations resulted in proteins that were inactive for ATP:cobalamin adenosyltransferase activity in vitro, confirming that these mutations define the molecular basis of the human disease.
authors.affiliation: Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Saridakis
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yakunin
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ponni
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anandakumar
authors.forename: Micha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pennycooke
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Jocelyne M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lew
authors.forename: Ruslan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanishvili
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Joachimiak
authors.forename: Cheryl H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Arrowsmith
authors.forename: Dinesh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Christendat
authors.forename: Aled M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019843:Archaeal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008764:Methylmalonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011487:Protein Conformation; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D013822:Thermoplasma / Q000201:enzymology*; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019843:Archaeal Proteins; D008764:Methylmalonic Acid; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; C019920:cob(I)alamin adenosyltransferase; D014805:Vitamin B 12