Molecular targeting for malignant gliomas (Review).
With tendency to invade rapidly in the brain, malignant gliomas are very resistant to conventional therapies including radiation and chemotherapy. Recent advances in genetic and molecular techniques have made it possible to define characteristic molecular profiles of malignant gliomas. Based on the list of the molecules closely related to glioblastoma tissues, we reviewed strategies targeting them. Target molecules extensively studied include EGFR, PTEN, telomerase and signal pathway modulators for Ras/Raf/MAPK and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways. Therapies targeting specific molecules may result in killing tumor cells effectively while keeping normal cells intact.
Kondo
Yasuko
Y
Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Hollingsworth
Emporia F
EF
Kondo
Seiji
S
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D005544:Forecasting; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016228:Endothelial Growth Factors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human