title: Hepatic portal venous gas associated with poor outcome in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence of sonographic hepatic portal venous gas (HPVG) and to clarify the relationship between the presence of HPVG and clinical outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  From April 2002 to January 2003, patients with non-traumatic OHCA were prospectively enrolled in a tertiary medical centre in Taipei, Taiwan. Emergency abdominal sonography during resuscitation was performed to detect the presence of HPVG within the first 10 min on arrival of the emergency department (ED).
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPVG was detected in 16 (36%) of the 44 patients enrolled in this study. The patients with HPVG were older (P = 0.039), their cardiac arrest was witnessed less frequently (P = 0.01), they received more prolonged resuscitation (P = 0.008), and needed more accumulated doses of adrenaline (epinephrine) (P = 0.002). These patients had a considerably lower incidence of return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) (P < 0.001), less survival to hospital admission (P < 0.001), less 24 h survival (P < 0.001) and less survival to discharge (P = 0.036). In a multiple regression analysis, HPVG was noted as an independent factor negatively associated with ROSC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPVG is not uncommon in patients receiving resuscitation for OHCA and is associated with poor outcome in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Ching
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: Wei-Tien
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Shih-Pei
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Han-Mo
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Ting-I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Te-I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Weng
authors.forename: Cheng-Chung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Hsiu-Po
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wen-Jone
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D005740:Gases / Q000032:analysis; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D005740:Gases