title: Comparison of the genome of the oral pathogen Treponema denticola with other spirochete genomes.
abstract: We present the complete 2,843,201-bp genome sequence of Treponema denticola (ATCC 35405) an oral spirochete associated with periodontal disease. Analysis of the T. denticola genome reveals factors mediating coaggregation, cell signaling, stress protection, and other competitive and cooperative measures, consistent with its pathogenic nature and lifestyle within the mixed-species environment of subgingival dental plaque. Comparisons with previously sequenced spirochete genomes revealed specific factors contributing to differences and similarities in spirochete physiology as well as pathogenic potential. The T. denticola genome is considerably larger in size than the genome of the related syphilis-causing spirochete Treponema pallidum. The differences in gene content appear to be attributable to a combination of three phenomena: genome reduction, lineage-specific expansions, and horizontal gene transfer. Genes lost due to reductive evolution appear to be largely involved in metabolism and transport, whereas some of the genes that have arisen due to lineage-specific expansions are implicated in various pathogenic interactions, and genes acquired via horizontal gene transfer are largely phage-related or of unknown function.
authors.affiliation: The Institute for Genomic Research, 9712 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
authors.forename: Rekha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seshadri
authors.forename: Garry S A
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tettelin
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Eisen
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Heidelberg
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dodson
authors.forename: Tanja M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Davidsen
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: DeBoy
authors.forename: Derrick E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Fouts
authors.forename: Dan H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Haft
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Selengut
authors.forename: Qinghu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Lauren M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Brinkac
authors.forename: Ramana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Madupu
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kolonay
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Durkin
authors.forename: Sean C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Daugherty
authors.forename: Jyoti
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.forename: Alla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shvartsbeyn
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gebregeorgis
authors.forename: Keita
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Geer
authors.forename: Getahun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tsegaye
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malek
authors.forename: Bola
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ayodeji
authors.forename: Sofiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shatsman
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: McLeod
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smajs
authors.forename: Jerrilyn K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: Sangita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pal
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: Pankaj
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vashisth
authors.forename: Thomas Z
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: McNeill
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sodergren
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baca
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Weinstock
authors.forename: Steven J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: Claire M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: Ian T
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Paulsen
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D025065:Borrelia burgdorferi / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D007921:Leptospira interrogans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014208:Treponema / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014210:Treponema pallidum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D001426:Bacterial Proteins