title: Decolorization of azo dyes with Enterobacter agglomerans immobilized in different supports by using fluidized bed bioreactor.
abstract: Immobilized cells of Enterobacter agglomerans, able to reduce azo dyes enzymatically, were used as a biocatalyst for the decolorization of synthetic medium containing the toxic azo dye methyl red (MR). This bacterial strain exhibits high ability to completely decolorize 100 mg/L of MR after only 6 h of incubation under aerobic conditions. Cells of E. agglomerans were immobilized in calcium alginate, polyacylamide, cooper beech, and vermiculite, and were used for the decolorization of MR from synthetic water by using a fluidized bed bioreactor. The highest specific decolorization rate was obtained when E. agglomerans was entrapped in calcium alginate beads and was of about 3.04 mg MR/g cell/h with a 50% conversion time ( t(1/2)) of about 1.6 h. Moreover, immobilized cells in calcium alginate continuously decolorized MR even after seven repeated experiments without significant loss of activity, while polyacrylamide-, cooper beech-, and vermiculite-immobilized cells retained only 62, 15, and 13% of their original activity, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Bio-industry and Molecular Toxicology, Laboratory of Microbiology, Biotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Aïn Chock, University Hassan II-Aïn Chock, Km 8 route d'El Jadida, BP. 5366 Mâarif, 20100 Casablanca, Morocco.
authors.forename: Adnane
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moutaouakkil
authors.forename: Youssef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeroual
authors.forename: Fatima Zohra
authors.initials: FZ
authors.lastname: Dzayri
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Talbi
authors.forename: Kangmin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blaghen
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000332:Aerobiosis; D000464:Alginates; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors; D018914:Cells, Immobilized; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003116:Color; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004754:Enterobacter / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D007218:Industrial Microbiology / Q000379:methods; D007220:Industrial Waste; D013783:Textile Industry; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods; D000099166:Polyacrylamides
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000464:Alginates; D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D001391:Azo Compounds; D004396:Coloring Agents; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D007220:Industrial Waste; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000099166:Polyacrylamides; C003760:vermiculite; C008492:methyl red