title: Olanzapine versus fluphenazine in an open trial in patients with psychotic combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Combat-related post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is often complicated with other psychiatric comorbidities, and is refractory to treatment.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of an open, comparative 6-week study was to compare olanzapine and fluphenazine, as a monotherapy, for treating psychotic combat-related PTSD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-five male war veterans with psychotic PTSD (DSM-IV criteria) were treated for 6 weeks with olanzapine (n=28) or fluphenazine (n=27) in a 5-10 mg/day dose range, once or twice daily. Patients were evaluated at baseline, and after 3 and 6 weeks of treatment, using Watson's PTSD scale, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Clinical Global Impression Severity Scale (CGI-S), Clinical Global Impression Improvement Scale (CGI-I), Patient Global Impression Improvement Scale (PGI-I) and Drug Induced Extra-Pyramidal Symptoms Scale (DIEPSS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline, patient's data (age, duration of combat experience and scores in all measurement instruments) did not differ. After 3 and 6 weeks of treatment, olanzapine was significantly more efficacious than fluphenazine in reducing symptoms in PANSS (negative, general psychopathology subscale, supplementary items), Watson's PTSD (avoidance, increased arousal) subscales, CGI-S, CGI-I, and PGI-I scale. Both treatments affected similarly the symptoms listed in PANSS positive and Watson's trauma re-experiencing subscales. Fluphenazine induced more extrapyramidal symptoms. Prolongation of the treatment for 3 additional weeks did not affect the efficacy of either drug.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that both fluphenazine and olanzapine were effective for particular symptom profile in psychotic combat-related PTSD. Olanzapine was better than fluphenazine in reducing most of the psychotic and PTSD symptoms, and was better tolerated in psychotic PTSD patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, PO Box 180, 10002 Zagreb, Croatia. npivac@rudjer.irb.hr
authors.forename: Nela
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pivac
authors.forename: Dragica
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kozaric-Kovacic
authors.forename: Dorotea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Muck-Seler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005476:Fluphenazine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000077152:Olanzapine; D005476:Fluphenazine