title: RIP1 is an essential mediator of Toll-like receptor 3-induced NF-kappa B activation.
abstract: Stimulation of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) initiates potent innate immune responses through Toll-interleukin 1 receptor (TIR) domain-containing adaptors such as MyD88 and Trif. Analysis of Trif-deficient mice has shown that TLR3-dependent activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa B by the TLR3 ligand double-stranded RNA is Trif dependent. Here we investigated the 'downstream' signaling events that regulate TLR3-dependent Trif-induced NF-kappa B activation. Trif recruited the kinases receptor interacting protein (RIP)-1 and RIP3 through its RIP homotypic interaction motif. In the absence of RIP1, TLR3-mediated signals activating NF-kappa B, but not the kinase JNK or interferon-beta, were abolished, suggesting that RIP1 mediates Trif-induced NF-kappa B activation. In contrast, the presence of RIP3 negatively regulated the Trif-RIP1-induced NF-kappa B pathway. Therefore, in contrast to other TLRs, which use interleukin 1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK) proteins to activate NF-kappa B, TLR 3-induced NF-kappa B activation is dependent on RIP kinases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, BIL Biomedical Research Center, Chemin des Boveresses 155, CH-1066 Epalinges, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Meylan
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Burns
authors.forename: Kay
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Blancheteau
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Martinon
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kelliher
authors.forename: Jürg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tschopp
mesh_terms: D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D033942:Adaptor Proteins, Vesicular Transport; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011506:Proteins; D053422:Receptor-Interacting Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; C476286:Ticam1 protein, mouse; C470409:TICAM1 protein, human; C495344:TLR3 protein, human; C506249:RIPK1 protein, human; C506251:Ripk1 protein, mouse