title: Innate recognition of lipopolysaccharide by Toll-like receptor 4-MD-2.
abstract: Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are pathogen recognition molecules that activate the immune system as part of the innate immune response. Microbial recognition by TLRs plays a crucial role in the host immune system's decision to respond or not to a particular microbial infection. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a membrane glycolipid of Gram-negative bacteria, exhibits strong immunostimulating activity among TLR ligands and has been studied in great detail. Recent studies have shown that cell surface TLR4-MD-2 physically interacts with LPS and triggers the release of an LPS signal, revealing a host-pathogen interaction mediated by TLR.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Genetics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. kmiyake@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyake
mesh_terms: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051218:Lymphocyte Antigen 96; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D051218:Lymphocyte Antigen 96; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors