title: Associations between body-mass index and surgery for rotator cuff tendinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rotator cuff tendinopathy is a common entity. We hypothesized that obesity, because of biomechanical and systemic risk factors, increases the risks of rotator cuff tendinitis, tears, and related surgical procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A frequency-matched case-control study was conducted. Three hundred and eleven patients who were fifty-three to seventy-seven years old and who underwent rotator cuff repair, arthroscopy, and/or other repair of the shoulder in a large hospital from 1992 to 2000 were included in the study. These surgical procedures were used as proxies for the risk of rotator cuff tendinitis. These patients were age and frequency-matched to 933 controls, who were randomly drawn from a pool of 10,943 potential controls consisting of Utah state residents who were enrolled in a large cancer-screening trial. Age-adjusted odds ratios were calculated with use of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision procedural codes and body-mass-index groups. The data were stratified according to gender and age. Multiple linear regression analyses also were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was an association between increasing body-mass index and shoulder repair surgery. The highest odds ratios for both men (odds ratio = 3.13; 95% confidence interval = 1.29 to 7.61) and women (odds ratio = 3.51; 95% confidence interval = 1.80 to 6.85) were for individuals with a body-mass index of > or =35.0 kg/m(2). Tests for trend also were highly significant for both men (p = 0.002) and women (p < or = 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis also indicated a significant association between increasing body-mass index and shoulder surgery (beta = 1.57; 95% confidence interval = 0.97 to 2.17; p < or = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is an association between obesity and shoulder repair surgery in men and women who are fifty-three to seventy-seven years of age. The results of the present study suggest that increasing body-mass index is a risk factor for rotator cuff tendinitis and related conditions.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Programs, University of Utah, 375 Chipeta Way, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wendelboe
authors.forename: Kurt T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Hegmann
authors.forename: Lisa H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Gren
authors.forename: Stephen C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Alder
authors.forename: George L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Lyon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors; D017006:Rotator Cuff / Q000601:surgery; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries; D012782:Shoulder / Q000601:surgery; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery