Discovering spike patterns in neuronal responses.
When a cortical neuron is repeatedly injected with the same fluctuating current stimulus (frozen noise) the timing of the spikes is highly precise from trial to trial and the spike pattern appears to be unique. We show here that the same repeated stimulus can produce more than one reliable temporal pattern of spikes. A new method is introduced to find these patterns in raw multitrial data and is tested on surrogate data sets. Using it, multiple coexisting spike patterns were discovered in pyramidal cells recorded from rat prefrontal cortex in vitro, in data obtained in vivo from the middle temporal area of the monkey (Buracas et al., 1998) and from the cat lateral geniculate nucleus (Reinagel and Reid, 2002). The spike patterns lasted from a few tens of milliseconds in vitro to several seconds in vivo. We conclude that the prestimulus history of a neuron may influence the precise timing of the spikes in response to a stimulus over a wide range of time scales.
Fellous
Jean-Marc
JM
Computational Neurobiology Laboratory, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. fellous@salk.edu
Tiesinga
Paul H E
PH
Thomas
Peter J
PJ
Sejnowski
Terrence J
TJ
D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D005829:Geniculate Bodies / Q000502:physiology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000502:physiology