Radiation dose, chemotherapy and risk of soft tissue sarcoma after solid tumours during childhood.
Soft tissue sarcoma (STS) is one of the most frequent second primary cancer that occurs during the first 20 years following treatment for a solid cancer in childhood. Our aim was to quantify the risk of STS as a second malignant neoplasm and to investigate its relationship with radiotherapy and chemotherapy. A cohort study of 4,400 3-year survivors of a first solid cancer diagnosed during childhood in France or the United Kingdom, between 1942 and 1985, was followed 15 years on average. In a partially nested case-control study, we matched 25 cases of STS and 121 controls for sex, type of first cancer, age at first cancer and duration of follow-up. Sixteen STS occurred in the cohort, as compared to 0.3 expected from the general population (Standardized Incidence Radio, SIR = 54 (95%CI: 34-89)). The SIR was 113 (95% CI: 62-185) after chemotherapy plus radiotherapy (13 STS), whereas it was 28 (95%CI: 2-125) after chemotherapy alone (1 STS) and 19 (95%CI: 3-60) after radiotherapy alone (2 STS). After adjustment for treatment, there was no evidence of variation in the annual excess of incidence or in the SIR with either age at first cancer or time since 1st cancer. In the case-control study, the risk of a STS was increased with the square of the dose of radiation to the site of STS development and with the administration of Procarbazine. The increased risk of soft tissue sarcoma that occurred after childhood cancer is independently related to exposure to radiotherapy and Procarbazine. A closer surveillance of children treated with this treatment combination is strongly recommended.
Menu-Branthomme
Axelle
A
National Institute of Public Health and Medical Research, Unit XUR521, Gustave Roussy Institute, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif Cedex, France.
Rubino
Carole
C
Shamsaldin
Akhtar
A
Hawkins
Michael M
MM
Grimaud
Emmanuel
E
Dondon
Marie-Gabrielle
MG
Hardiman
Claire
C
Vassal
Gilles
G
Campbell
Sarah
S
Panis
Xavier
X
Daly-Schveitzer
Nicolas
N
Lagrange
Jean-Leon
JL
Zucker
Jean-Michel
JM
Chavaudra
Jean
J
Hartman
Olivier
O
de Vathaire
Florent
F
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000209:etiology*; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012306:Risk; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000209:etiology*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents