title: APC mutations are infrequent but present in human lung cancer.
abstract: Recent studies have revealed the presence of beta-catenin mutations in a small subset of human and rat lung carcinomas, suggesting the involvement of the Wnt pathway in pulmonary carcinogenesis. LOH on chromosome 5q (APC locus) is frequent in lung cancer, but previous studies have found no adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) mutations. In this study, we screened 114 human lung cancer specimens for alterations in the mutation cluster region of the APC gene and in exon 3 of the beta-catenin gene. SSCP followed by direct DNA sequencing revealed APC mutations in 2/44 (5%) squamous cell carcinomas, a 2-bp deletion in codon 1465 (AGT-->A), and a GAA-->CAA (Glu-->Gln) mutation at codon 1317. One of 32 (3%) small cell lung carcinomas contained a GAA-->AAA (Glu-->Lys) mutation at codon 1284. Two cases with an APC mutation showed focal nuclear beta-catenin staining. These results suggest that disruption of the Wnt pathway through APC mutations is infrequent, but may be involved in the pathogenesis of a small subset of human lung carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Molecular Pathology, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 cours Albert Thomas, Lyon 69372, France. ohgaki@iarc.fr
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohgaki
authors.forename: Johan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kros
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Ariana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gaspert
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Michael O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Kurrer
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017491:Genes, APC / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin