title: 3H dendrimer nanoparticle organ/tumor distribution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the in vivo biodistribution for differently charged poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers in B16 melanoma and DU145 human prostate cancer mouse tumor model systems.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neutral (NSD) and positive surface charged (PSD) generation 5 (d = 5 nm) PAMAM dendrimers were synthesized by using 3H-labeled acetic anhydride and tested in vivo. Dendrimer derivatives were injected intravenously, and their biodistribution was determined via liquid scintillation counting of tritium in tissue and excretory samples. Mice were also monitored for acute toxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both PSD and NSD localized to major organs and tumor. Dendrimers cleared rapidly from blood, with deposition peaking at 1 h for most organs and stabilizing from 24 h to 7 days postinjection. Maximal excretion occurred via urine within 24 h postinjection. Neither dendrimer showed acute toxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in the net surface charge of polycationic PAMAMs modify their biodistribution. PSD deposition into tissues is higher than NSD, although the biodistribution trend is similar. Highest levels were found in lungs, liver, and kidney, followed by those in tumor, heart, pancreas, and spleen, while lowest levels were found in brain. These nanoparticles could have future utility as systemic biomedical delivery devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Shraddha S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Nigavekar
authors.forename: Lok Yun
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Mikel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Llanes
authors.forename: Areej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Jawahri
authors.forename: Theodore S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Lajos
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Balogh
authors.forename: Mohamed K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050091:Dendrimers; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental; D053758:Nanoparticles; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D050091:Dendrimers