title: Cytotoxicity of fungal metabolites to lepidopteran (Spodoptera frugiperda) cell line (SF-9).
abstract: The toxicity of sixteen fungal metabolites produced by some entomopathogenic fungi or biological control fungi agents was evaluated on lepidopteran Spodoptera frugiperda (SF-9) cell line by Trypan blue dye exclusion and MTT-colorimetric assay, after 48 h of incubation. No statistical difference was found between IC50values (50% Inhibiting Concentration) and CC50 values (50% Cytotoxicity Concentration) obtained by MTT test and Trypan blue dye exclusion for each fungal metabolite. By MTT assay, the cytotoxicity ranking was fusarenon X (IC50 0.3 microM) = diacetoxyscirpenol (IC50 0.5 microM) = beauvericin (IC50 2.5 microM) = nivalenol (IC50 5.3 microM) = enniatin (IC50 6.6 microM) > or = gliotoxin (IC50 7.5 microM) > zearalenone (IC50 17.5 microM) > deoxynivalenol (IC50 47.6 microM). By Trypan blue dye exclusion the cytotoxicity ranking was fusarenon X (CC50 0.4 microM) = diacetoxyscirpenol (CC50 1.1 microM) beauvericin = (CC50 3.0 microM)=gliotoxin (CC50 4.0 microM) = enniatin (CC50 6.7 microM) > or = nivalenol (CC50 9.5 microM) > zearalenone (CC50 18.3 microM) > deoxynivalenol (CC50 45.0 microM). The comparison with other bioassays showed that the SF-9 insect cell line could represent a further tool to screen for the toxic effects of fungal metabolites especially for beauvericin, gliotoxin, and zearalenone.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Scienze delle Produzioni Alimentari, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Viale Einaudi 51, 70125 Bari, Italy. francesca.fornelli@ispa.cnr.it
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fornelli
authors.forename: Fiorenza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Minervini
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Logrieco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D002460:Cell Line; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D007300:Insect Control / Q000379:methods*; D009183:Mycotoxins; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology; D010455:Peptides; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000166:cytology*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014255:Trichothecenes; D014343:Trypan Blue
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D009183:Mycotoxins; D010455:Peptides; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014255:Trichothecenes; C022616:thiazolyl blue; D014343:Trypan Blue