title: Dermal exposure to terpenic resin acids in Swedish carpentry workshops and sawmills.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate dermal exposure to the resin acids abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid and 7-oxodehydroabietic acid during collecting in sawmills and during sawing in carpentry workshops, respectively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sampling was performed by fastening patches at 12 different areas on a sampling overall, one patch on the front of a cap, one patch on the chest inside the clothing and one patch on the inner lower right leg. Exposure of the hands was assessed by fastening patches on cotton gloves representing the dorsal sides and the palms of the left and right hands. Sampling was performed on 30 different occasions in the sawmills and in the carpentry workshops with mean sampling times of 120 and 59 min, respectively. The acids were solvent desorbed from the patches. Identification and quantification of the resin acids was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The geometric means (GMs) of the potential body exposures to abietic acid, dehydroabietic acid and 7-oxodehydroabietic acid during sawing and collecting of wood from pine and spruce were 3346 and 17 247 micro g/h, respectively. The GM of the potential exposure on the hands was 3020 micro g/h in the carpentry workshops and 4365 micro g/h in the sawmills. Resin acids were detected on the inner chest and inner lower front right leg, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a potential dermal exposure to terpenic resin acids in carpentry workshops as well as in sawmills. The hands have the highest exposure during sawing as well as during collecting. There is a spatial distribution of contaminants, with the outer chest, arms and legs showing the highest exposures. Resin acids also contaminated the inner chest and inner lower leg. It is necessary to take action to reduce dermal exposure to these allergenic substances.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, University Hospital of Northern Sweden, SE-901 85 Umeå, Sweden. kare.eriksson@vll.se
authors.forename: Kåre
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wiklund
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Larsson
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000032:analysis*; D003020:Clothing; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000032:analysis; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D010328:Patch Tests; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000032:analysis*; D012116:Resins, Plant; D012867:Skin; D013548:Sweden; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D045784:Abietanes; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D012116:Resins, Plant; C013913:dehydroabietic acid; C095375:7-oxodehydroabietic acid; C023710:abietic acid