title: Essential role of EDHF in the initiation and maintenance of adrenergic vasomotion in rat mesenteric arteries.
abstract: The possible roles of endothelial intracellular Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)), nitric oxide (NO), arachidonic acid (AA) metabolites, and Ca(2+)-activated K(+) (K(Ca)) channels in adrenergically induced vasomotion were examined in pressurized rat mesenteric arteries. Removal of the endothelium or buffering [Ca(2+)](i) selectively in endothelial cells with BAPTA eliminated vasomotion in response to phenylephrine (PE; 10.0 microM). In arteries with intact endothelium, inhibition of NO synthase with N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME; 300.0 microM) or N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine (l-NNA; 300.0 microM) did not eliminate vasomotion. Neither inhibition of cGMP formation with 10.0 microM 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) nor inhibition of prostanoid formation (10.0 microM indomethacin) eliminated vasomotion. Similarly, inhibition of AA cytochrome P-450 metabolism with an intraluminal application of 17-octadecynoic acid (17-ODYA) or 6-(2-propargyloxyphenyl)hexanoic acid (PPOH) failed to eliminate vasomotion. In contrast, intraluminal application of the K(Ca) channel blockers apamin (250.0 nM) and charybdotoxin (100.0 nM), together, abolished vasomotion and changed synchronous Ca(2+) oscillations in smooth muscle cells to asynchronous propagating Ca(2+) waves. Apamin, charybdotoxin, or iberiotoxin (100.0 nM) alone did not eliminate vasomotion, nor did the combination of apamin and iberiotoxin. The results show that adrenergic vasomotion in rat mesenteric arteries is critically dependent on Ca(2+)-activated K(+) channels in endothelial cells. Because these channels (small- and intermediate-conductance K(Ca) channels) are a recognized component of EDHF, we conclude therefore that EDHF is essential for the development of adrenergically induced vasomotion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. jmauban@umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Joseph R H
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mauban
authors.forename: W Gil
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Wier
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001030:Apamin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001685:Biological Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D002021:Buffers; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D018999:Charybdotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000502:physiology; D004533:Egtazic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D006652:Histological Techniques; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008638:Mesenteric Arteries / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology; D010656:Phenylephrine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014666:Vasomotor System / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D001685:Biological Factors; D002021:Buffers; D002614:Chelating Agents; D015221:Potassium Channels; C067410:endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization factor; D018999:Charybdotoxin; C070379:1,2-bis(2-aminophenoxy)ethane N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid acetoxymethyl ester; D010656:Phenylephrine; D001030:Apamin; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D004533:Egtazic Acid; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D002118:Calcium