DC-SIGN: binding receptor for HCV?
DC-SIGN, a dendritic Cell-specific adhesion receptor and a type II transmembrane mannose-binding C-type lectin, is very important in the function of DC, both in mediating naive T cell interactions through ICAM-3 and as a rolling receptor that mediates the DC-specific ICAM-2-dependent migration processes. It can be used by viral and bacterial pathogens including Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV), HCV, Ebola Virus, CMV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis to facilitate infection. Both DC-SIGN and DC-SIGNR can act either in cis, by concentrating virus on target cells, or in trans, by transmission of bound virus to a target cell expressing appropriate entry receptors. Recent work showed that DC-SIGN are high-affinity binding receptors for HCV. Besides playing a role in entry into DC, HCV E2 interaction with DC-SIGN might also be detrimental for the interaction of DC with T cells during antigen presentation. The clinical strategies that target DC-SIGN may be successful in restricting HCV dissemination and pathogenesis as well as directing the migration of DCs to manipulate appropriate immune responses in autoimmunity and tumorigenic situations.
Feng
Zhi-Hua
ZH
The Center of Diagnosis and Treatment for Infectious Diseases of PLA, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China. fengzh@fmmu.edu.cn
Wang
Quan-Chu
QC
Nie
Qing-He
QH
Jia
Zhan-Sheng
ZS
Zhou
Yong-Xin
YX
D000818:Animals; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D000099215:DC-Specific ICAM-3 Grabbing Nonintegrin