title: Survey of interventions for the prevention and treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine physicians' opinions and practices related to the management of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional mail survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Province of Ontario, Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Physicians treating patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome at university-affiliated and unaffiliated hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched the literature and consulted experts to generate a list of potential interventions for acute respiratory distress syndrome. Eight intensive care unit physicians selected the most relevant, available, and controversial of these interventions for prevention (n = 5) and treatment (n = 30). Fourteen physicians reviewed the questionnaire before administration to ensure clarity, realism, and clinical sensibility. We asked participants to report their views on a) the efficacy of each intervention; b) published research evaluating efficacy; c) the frequency with which they use each intervention; and d) determinants of utilization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred ten of 194 eligible physicians responded. Respondents varied considerably in their reported use of the 35 interventions. Although physicians cited published research findings as the most powerful determinant of prescribing these interventions, they were unaware of many relevant trials. Physicians also commonly cited "usual local practice" as a determinant of use, although formal practice guidelines were rarely in operation. Other variables directly associated with use of these interventions included increasing frequency of exposure to acute respiratory distress syndrome (p <.0001), increasing size of the intensive care unit in which physicians work (p =.004), and the presence of residents in the intensive care unit (p =.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wide variation in the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome appears related to limited awareness of relevant research, conflicting interpretations of research findings, and adherence to varying local practice patterns. Given physicians' desire to tailor their practice to research findings and to practice in a manner that is consistent with their local intensive care unit colleagues, future research and educational efforts related to evidence-based protocols for the management of patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome might be worthwhile.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, and Medicine, McMaster University Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Maureen O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Jacka
authors.forename: Deborah J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dodek
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Griffith
authors.forename: Gordon H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Guyatt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003422:Critical Care; D019091:Critical Pathways; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009864:Ontario; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000628:therapy*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires