title: Children's temperament and behavior problems predict their employed mothers' work functioning.
abstract: Numerous studies have been conducted on the impact of dual-earner parents' employment on their children, yet the reverse process-the impact of children and their behavior on the work functioning of their parents-has been ignored. This study investigated spillover from the mother role to the work role in a sample of more than 300 families. At 4 months, 12 months, 3.5 years, and 4.5 years of age, child's difficult temperament was significantly associated with mother's work outcomes, including work role quality and rewards from combining work and family. The evidence was consistent with a structural model in which maternal sense of parenting competence and maternal depressed affect mediated these effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706, USA. jshyde@wisc.edu
authors.forename: Janet Shibley
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hyde
authors.forename: Nicole M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Else-Quest
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Goldsmith
authors.forename: Jeremy C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Biesanz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016487:Parenting; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013694:Temperament; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology*