title: Lack of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist modulates plaque composition in apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interleukin (IL)-1 plays an important role in atherosclerosis. IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) is an endogenous inhibitor of IL-1. However, the role of IL-1Ra in the development of atherosclerosis is poorly understood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mice that lacked IL-1Ra (IL-1Ra-/-) were crossed with apolipoprotein E-deficient (E-/-) mice and formation of atherosclerotic lesions was analyzed after 16 weeks or 32 weeks consumption of a normal chow diet. This study focused on the comparison of atherosclerotic lesion between IL-1Ra+/+/apoE-/- (n=12) and IL-1Ra(+/-)/apoE-/- mice (n=12), because of the significantly leaner phenotype in IL-1Ra-/-/apoE-/- mice compared with the others. Interestingly, atherosclerotic lesion size in IL-1Ra+/-/apoE-/- mice at age 16 weeks was significantly increased (30%) compared with IL-1Ra+/+/apoE-/- mice (P<0.05). At 32 weeks, the differences of lesion size between these mice failed to achieve statistical significance. However, immunostaining demonstrated an 86% (P<0.0001) increase in the MOMA-2-stained lesion area of IL-1Ra+/-/apoE-/- mice. In addition, alpha-actin staining in these lesions was significantly decreased (-15%) compared with those in IL-1Ra+/+/apoE-/- mice (P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest an important role of IL-1Ra in the suppression of lesion development during early atherogenesis and furthermore indicate its role in the modulation of plaque composition.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine I, National Defense Medical College, 3-2, Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-8513, Japan. isoda@me.ndmc.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kikuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isoda
authors.forename: Shojiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishigami
authors.forename: Taizo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuki
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kusuhara
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwakura
authors.forename: Fumitaka
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ohsuzu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000378:metabolism; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005838:Genotype; D006938:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II / Q000235:genetics; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; C507764:Il1rn protein, mouse; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins