title: Hidden evidence to the West: multicentre, randomised, controlled trials in sepsis and systemic inflammatory response syndrome in Japanese journals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess multicentre, randomised, controlled trials (MC-RCTs) of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and sepsis conducted in Japan, published in Japanese and not available to English-language medical databases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Methodological review.
  
  
  METHODS
  All Japanese RCTs relevant to SIRS and sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Identification of manuscripts using a Japanese electronic library. Critical analysis of methodology and reporting quality using a modified Methodological Quality Assessment Score and the CONSORT group check list.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three MC-RCTs were identified. In the first, 147 patients with septic shock were randomised to methylprednisolone (1000 mg i.v.) or placebo. In the second, 221 patients were randomised to 0.20 mg/kg per h or 0.004 mg/kg per h of sivelestat for acute lung injury with SIRS. In the third, 504 patients were randomised to immunoglobulin (5 g for 3 days) or to a control group. The average methodological quality score was higher than that of equivalent Western trials. The reporting quality (CONSORT checklist) was comparable to Western studies published during the same period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite sound methodology and quality, the information obtained from relatively large Japanese critical care trials is not widely available to English-speaking investigators and therefore might be ignored in meta-analyses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care and Department of Surgery, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, 3084 Heidelberg, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. rinaldo.bellomo@austin.org.au
authors.forename: Rinaldo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bellomo
authors.forename: Shigehiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uchino
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naka
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003144:Communication Barriers; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010506:Periodicals as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D018805:Sepsis / Q000628:therapy*; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018746:Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D013449:Sulfonamides; C069195:sivelestat; D005998:Glycine; D008775:Methylprednisolone