title: [Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of bacteria isolated from animals: considerations concerning the predefinition of breakpoints from the clinical pharmacological viewpoint].
abstract: In vitro susceptibility tests are performed to receive information for selecting the most suitable antibacterial agent. As result of in vitro susceptibility tests, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) indicates bacteria as resistant or sensitive. To determine MIC, therapeutically relevant breakpoints have to be defined. Microbiological criteria, chemical and physical characteristics as well as pharmacokinetic and toxicological (tolerance) properties of the antimicrobial compounds have to be considered in the selection of the therapeutic agent in addition to clinical experiences. Using some concentration and time dependent antibiotics as examples, it is demonstrated that the above mentioned criteria are not sufficiently considered in currently defined breakpoints.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie,Toxikologie und Pharmazie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover. manfred.kietzmann@tiho-hannover.de
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kietzmann
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Böttner
authors.forename: H Mohamed
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Hafez
authors.forename: Corinna
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kehrenberg
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Klarmann
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krabisch
authors.forename: Tilman
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kühn
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Luhofer
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Richter
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Traeder
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Waldmann
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wallmann
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Werckenthin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019155:Veterinary Drugs
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019155:Veterinary Drugs