title: Processing words with emotional connotation: an FMRI study of time course and laterality in rostral frontal and retrosplenial cortices.
abstract: Responses of rostral frontal and retrosplenial cortices to the emotional significance of words were measured using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Twenty-six strongly right-handed participants engaged in a language task that alternated between silent word generation to categories with positive, negative, or neutral emotional connotation and a baseline task of silent repetition of emotionally neutral words. Activation uniquely associated with word generation to categories with positive or negative versus neutral emotional connotation occurred bilaterally in rostral frontal and retrosplenial cortices. Furthermore, the time courses of activity in these areas differed, indicating that they subserve different functions in processing the emotional connotation of words. Namely, the retrosplenial cortex appears to be involved in evaluating the emotional salience of information from external sources, whereas the rostral frontal cortex also plays a role in internal generation of words with emotional connotation. In both areas, activity associated with positive or negative emotional connotation was more extensive in the left hemisphere than the right, regardless of valence, presumably due to the language demands of word generation. The present findings localize specific areas in the brain that are involved in processing emotional meaning of words within the brain's distributed semantic system. In addition, time course analysis reveals diverging mechanisms in anterior and posterior cortical areas during processing of words with emotional significance.
authors.affiliation: University of Florida, USA. acato@hp.ufl.edu
authors.forename: M Allison
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cato
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Crosson
authors.forename: Didem
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gökçay
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Soltysik
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wierenga
authors.forename: Kaundinya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gopinath
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Himes
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Belanger
authors.forename: Russell M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Ira S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Fischler
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Rothi
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Briggs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D003463:Cues; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000502:physiology*; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008606:Mental Processes / Q000502:physiology*