[Breath-hold diving--an increasing adventure sport with medical risks].
Breath-hold diving as a recreational and competitive sports activity is on the increase. In this review physiological limitations and medical risks associated with breath-hold diving are discussed. Specific topics include hypoxia, ascent blackout, hyperventilation, squeeze or barotrauma of descent including effects on the pulmonary system, glossopharyngeal breathing, and decompression illness. It is also concluded that the health requirements for competitive breath-hold diving should follow essentially the same standards as used for SCUBA-diving.
Lindholm
Peter
P
Sektionen för omgivningsfysiologi, institutionen för fysiologi och farmakologi, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm.
Gennser
Mikael
M
D001049:Apnea / Q000503:physiopathology; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001469:Barotrauma / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003665:Decompression Sickness / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004242:Diving / Q000293:injuries / Q000502:physiology; D004332:Drowning / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012119:Respiration; D012307:Risk Factors