title: Influence of nitric oxide donors and peroxynitrite on the contractile effect and concentration of norepinephrine.
abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO) are said to destroy norepinephrine (NE). We studied the role of NE decomposition by NO donors and ONOO as they affect the contractile activity of NE in rat denuded thoracic aorta. First, we determined the relaxing effect of NO donors (SNAP, PROLI/NO, Sodium nitrite, SIN-1) and ONOO after precontraction by NE (1 microM). SNAP and SIN-1 (EC(50) 50-110 nM) were more active than PROLI/NO, Sodium nitrite or ONOO (EC(50) 19-30 microM). The relaxing effect of NO donors and ONOO were decreased by ODQ (10 microM), a guanylate cyclase inhibitor. Second, we compared the contractile activity of NE before and after preincubation with NO donors or ONOO in presence of ODQ. NE (1 microM) was incubated with NO donors or ONOO at the concentrations of 0.1 mM in both Krebs solution or phosphate buffer (pH 7.4; 0.1 M) for 10 minutes at 37 degrees C. NE evoked the aorta contraction in the same concentrations before and after preincubation with NO donors. In contrast, ONOO decreased effect of NE, EC(50) was measured at 4.3+/-0.3 nM and 13.4+/-1.6 nM, before and after preincubation of NE with ONOO respectively. Third, we measured the NE concentration using the HPLC method. We revealed that the concentration of NE after preincubation with NO donors was unaltered. However HPLC measurement revealed that NE concentration after preincubation with ONOO was reduced 2-3-fold. Therefore, under these experimental conditions ONOO, but not NO donors, was capable of destroying NE.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Section, Medical and Research Services, Veteran Affairs Greater, Los Angeles Healthcare System at West Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90073, USA. shelkovnikov@psmagic.net
authors.forename: Stanislav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shelkovnikov
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Merlic
authors.forename: Harvey C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Gonick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: C095284:1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D011810:Quinoxalines; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D009638:Norepinephrine