title: Initial treatment of aggressive lymphoma with high-dose chemotherapy and autologous stem-cell support.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy of first-line intensive chemotherapy plus transplantation of autologous hematopoietic stem cells in adults with disseminated aggressive lymphoma is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared high-dose therapy plus autologous stem-cell support with the standard regimen of cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (CHOP) in a randomized trial. The patients were 15 to 60 years of age, had untreated aggressive lymphoma, and were at low, low intermediate, or high intermediate risk of death (i.e., a maximum of two adverse prognostic factors) according to the age-adjusted International Prognostic Index. The primary outcome was event-free survival at five years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 207 consecutive patients, 197 underwent randomization; 99 were assigned to receive CHOP, and 98 to receive high-dose chemotherapy plus stem-cell transplantation. Overall, 78 percent of the patients completed the assigned treatment; the median follow-up was four years. The estimated event-free survival rate (+/-SD) at five years was significantly higher among patients who received high-dose therapy than among patients who received CHOP (55+/-5 percent vs. 37+/-5 percent, P=0.037). Among patients with a high intermediate risk of death, according to the age-adjusted International Prognostic Index, the five-year survival rate was significantly higher after high-dose therapy than after CHOP (74+/-6 percent vs. 44+/-7 percent, P=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem-cell support is superior to CHOP in adults with disseminated aggressive lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Nantes, Nantes, France. noel.milpied@chu-nantes.fr
authors.forename: Noel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Milpied
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deconinck
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaillard
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Delwail
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Foussard
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berthou
authors.forename: Remy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gressin
authors.forename: Virginie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colombat
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Harousseau
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D015251:Epirubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008558:Melphalan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D012074:Remission Induction; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D014751:Vindesine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D015251:Epirubicin; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D008558:Melphalan; D014751:Vindesine; D011241:Prednisone; D008727:Methotrexate