title: Salivary IgA reactions to cell-surface antigens of oral streptococci.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the immunoblot technique, using whole bacteria cell extracts as antigens, both intra- and extracellular antigens are detected, which gives a large number of immunoglobulin A (IgA) reactions (immunoblot bands) when incubated with saliva. It is important to distinguish which immunoblot bands represent bacterial cell-surface antigens, since these antigens could be involved in adhesion mechanisms and be available for blocking in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bacterial extracts of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus, Streptococcus parasanguis and the streptococcal antigen I/II were separated using SDS-PAGE. The antigens were detected with saliva in Western blot. Untreated saliva and saliva in which cell-surface reactive IgA had been absorbed with whole bacteria cells were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Approximately half the number of the bands were absent for saliva absorbed with homologous cells, compared to untreated saliva. The absorption pattern was almost identical for S. mutans and S. sobrinus but not for S. parasanguis. Salivary IgA reactive against streptococcal antigen I/II was absorbed by S. mutans cells, to a lesser extent by S. sobrinus cells, and not at all by S. parasanguis cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is likely that the bands that were absent after absorption represented cell-surface antigens. For S. mutans and S. sobrinus, these bands were probably the streptococcal antigen I/II.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University, Sweden. Marie-Louise.Wallengren@od.mah.se
authors.forename: M L Lundin
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Wallengren
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hamberg
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ericson
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000328:Adult; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology*; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000276:immunology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D000939:Epitopes / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000032:analysis; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000276:immunology*; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000276:immunology*; D016986:Streptococcus sobrinus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D000939:Epitopes; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C055764:S-layer proteins; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides