Imaging genetic influences in human brain function.
The association between genes and brain function using functional brain imaging techniques is an emerging and promising area of research that will help to better characterize the influence of genes on cognition and behavior as well as the link between genetic susceptibility and neuropsychiatric disorders. Neurophysiological imaging provides information regarding the effect of genes on brain function at the level of information processing, and neurochemical imaging provides information on the intrinsic mechanisms on how these genes affect the brain response. In this review, we highlight recent studies that have begun to explore the influence of genetic mutations on brain function with these techniques. The results, even from these few studies, illustrate the potential of these techniques to provide a more sensitive assay than behavioral measures used alone. The results also show that neuroimaging techniques can elucidate the influence of genes on brain function in relatively small sample populations, sometimes even in the absence of significant differences in behavioral measures.
Mattay
Venkata S
VS
Clinical Brain Disorders Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institute of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Building 10, Center Drive, Room 4S-235, Bethesda, MD 20892-1379, USA.
Goldberg
Terry E
TE
D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000639:trends; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans
D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015306:Biogenic Monoamines; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor