title: Is osteoporosis linked to vaccinations and Gulf War Syndrome?
abstract: Gulf War Syndrome (GWS) remains a contentious diagnosis with conflicting laboratory investigations and lack of a biologically plausible aetiology. Assertions have been made that GWS may be the result of vaccinations given to serving military personnel in the Persian Gulf and may be associated with osteoporosis. Calcitonin gene related protein (CGRP) is a vasoactive neuropeptide that is synthesised in conjunction with calcitonin gene expression. Vasoactive neuropeptides act as hormones, neurotransmitters, immune modulators and neurotrophes. They are readily catalysed to small peptide fragments. They and their binding sites are immunogenic and are known to be associated with a range of autoimmune conditions. This paper describes a biologically plausible mechanism for the development of osteoporosis in the context of GWS based on loss of immunological tolerance to the vasoactive neuropeptide CGRP or its receptors following a variety of antigenic events.
authors.affiliation: Gold Coast Public Health Unit, 10-12 Young Street, Southport 4215, Queensland, Australia. don_staines@health.qld.gov.au
authors.forename: Donald R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Staines
mesh_terms: D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology*; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology; D008889:Military Personnel; D018448:Models, Immunological; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000276:immunology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000276:immunology*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D018923:Persian Gulf Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000276:immunology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D009479:Neuropeptides; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide