title: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of total inhibin: direct determination based on inhibin alpha subunit-specific monoclonal antibodies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inhibin circulates in various molecular weight forms. Alpha (alpha)-subunit-directed total inhibin immunoassays, which detect all forms of alpha subunits plus the alpha/beta inhibin dimers, have been found valuable in the diagnosis and monitoring of ovarian cancer. Because of the dependency of the published methods on boiling sample pre-treatment with SDS and unavailability of a commercial assay, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for direct determination of total inhibin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Method development involved a pair of well-characterized inhibin alpha subunit-directed antibodies and determination of the effects of various assay parameters. Selection of the optimized protocol was guided by the outcome of comparative sample analysis using previously reported boiling sample pre-treatment reagents and protocols.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report development of a simplified ELISA for total inhibin. Method evaluation data demonstrated acceptable analytical performance characteristics with detection limit of 2 ng/l (recombinant inhibin-A), dynamic range of 12.5-500 ng/l, and intra- and inter-assay imprecision of 2.3-4.6% and 3.3-5.1% at total inhibin concentrations of approximately 60-400 ng/l, respectively. The mean (+/-SD) recovery from spiked serum samples averaged 109 +/- 14% and recovery in response to serial sample dilution was 99 +/- 10%. Serum values by the direct method (n = 40) correlated strongly with those obtained after sample pre-treatment by boiling with SDS (r = 0.97). As expected, the total inhibin immunoreactivity in human follicular fluid fractionated by HPLC gel filtration in multiple immunoreactive peaks (8-250 kDa). In serum samples from postmenopausal women with ovarian cancer, the assay detected significantly higher total inhibin levels than in samples from normal postmenopausal controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The development of a fast and simplified ELISA should facilitate wider investigations of pathophysiology and diagnostic potential of total inhibin measurement.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Systems Laboratories Inc., Toronto, Ontario, Canada. jkhosravi@mtsinai.on.ca
authors.forename: Javad
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Khosravi
authors.forename: Radha G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.forename: Najmuddin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khaja
authors.forename: Umesh
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bodani
authors.forename: Anastasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diamandi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D015571:Follicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007265:Inhibins / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D016555:Matched-Pair Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000097:blood; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C094377:inhibin-alpha subunit; D007265:Inhibins