title: Glucose metabolism and coronary heart disease in patients with normal glucose tolerance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several investigations as well as prospective studies have shown a significant correlation between glucose metabolism and atherosclerosis in patients without diabetes, but differences in parameters of glucose metabolism among the various degrees of coronary disease in such patients have not been specifically evaluated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate glucose metabolism in patients with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and coronary heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of 234 men (mean [SD] age, 56.2 [6.1] years) with NGT and suspected CHD who were admitted from January 1 through June 30, 2001, to an academic medical center in Italy for coronary angiography.
  
  
  METHODS
  Correlation of glucose metabolic factors and extent of atherosclerosis determined by coronary angiography. Factors included levels of fasting and postload glucose and insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and lipids, as well as insulin resistance measured by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA-IR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were divided into 4 groups based on coronary angiography: no significant stenosis (n = 42), 1-vessel disease (n = 72), 2-vessel disease (n = 64), and 3-vessel disease (n = 56). Simple correlation analysis showed that the factors correlated with the extent of atherosclerosis were levels of postload glucose (r = 0.667), HbA1c (r = 0.561), postload insulin (r = 0.221), and fasting insulin (r = 0.297), as well as HOMA-IR (r = 0.278) (P<.001 for all). Multiple stepwise regression analysis suggested that the factors independently associated with the number of stenosed coronary arteries were levels of postload plasma glucose (r = 0.572), HbA1c (r = 0.413), postload insulin (r = 0.267), and fasting insulin (r = 0.174), as well as HOMA-IR (r = 0.250) (P<.001 for all). Similar results were obtained after grouping patients by Duke Myocardial Jeopardy Score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For patients with NGT and different extents of atherosclerotic disease, postload glycemia and HbA1c level are not equally distributed but are significantly higher in those with more severe disease. This suggests that the glycemic milieu correlates with the cardiovascular risk according to a linear model.
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. ferdinando.sasso@unina2.it
authors.forename: Ferdinando C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Sasso
authors.forename: Ornella
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Carbonara
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nasti
authors.forename: Biagio
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Campana
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marfella
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Torella
authors.forename: Giannantonio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nappi
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Torella
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cozzolino
mesh_terms: D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin