Precursor B lymphoblastic leukemia with surface light chain immunoglobulin restriction: a report of 15 patients.
We describe 15 patients (9 children) with precursor B-cell (pB) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with surface immunoglobulin (sIg) light chain restriction revealed by flow cytometric immunophenotyping (FCI). The same sIg+ immunophenotype was present at diagnosis and in 3 relapses in 1 patient. In 15 patients, blasts were CD19+ CD10+ (bright coexpression) in 14, CD34+ in 12, surface kappa+ in 12, surface lambda+ in 3; in 8 of 8, terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TdT)+; and in 4, surface IgD+ in 2 and surface IgM+ in 1. The 3 CD34- cases included 1 TdT+ case, 1 with t(1;19)(q23;p13), and 1 infant with 70% marrow blasts. One adult had CD10- CD19+ CD20- CD22+ CD34+ TdT+ sIg+ blasts with t(2;11)(p21;q23). Blasts were L1 or L2 in all cases (French-American-British classification). Karyotypic analysis in 12 of 12 analyzable cases was negative for 8q24 (myc) translocation. Karyotypic abnormalities, confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization in 6 cases, included hyperdiploidy, t(1;19)(q23;p13), t(12;21)(p13;q22), t(9;22)(q34;q11), t(2;11)(p21;q23), and trisomy 12. The sIg light chain restriction in pB ALL might be present in neoplasms arising from the early, intermediate, and late stages of precursor B-cell maturation; sIg light chain restriction revealed by FCI does not necessarily indicate a mature B-cell phenotype, further emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosing B-lymphoid neoplasms.
Kansal
Rina
R
Department of Pathology, Buffalo General Hospital, the State University of New York at Buffalo, USA.
Deeb
George
G
Barcos
Maurice
M
Wetzler
Meir
M
Brecher
Martin L
ML
Block
AnneMarie W
AW
Stewart
Carleton C
CC
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains / Q000276:immunology*; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015452:Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
D015703:Antigens, CD; D007147:Immunoglobulin Light Chains