Concentrations and accumulation profiles of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in aquatic tissues, and ambient air from South Korea.
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDDs/DFs), including 2378-substituted isomers were present in samples of shellfish and fish, and ambient air collected from Masan Bay, and Masan City, South Korea. Total concentrations of PCDDs/DFs in mussel and clam were 750 pg g(-1), lipid weight (lw), and 3418 pg g(-1), lw, respectively. Total concentrations of PCDDs/DFs in mullet, gizzard and flounder were 52, 82, and 122 pg g(-1), lw, respectively. Shellfish tissues contained a greater number of PCDD/DF isomers, contributing greater total concentrations of PCDDs/DFs compared to fish collected from the same locations. The predominance of 2378-substituted PCDDs/DFs in fish is represented in greater total concentrations of 2378-TeCDD equivalents (TEQs), whereas there was very limited occurrence of 2378-substituted isomers in shellfish. TEQ concentrations in samples of mussel and clam were 0.97 and 12 pg g(-1), lw, respectively. Total TEQs in mullet, gizzard and flounder were 12, 22 and 18 pg g(-1), lw, respectively. In fish 2378-substituted PCDDs accounted for 100% of the total concentrations of PCDDs, and 2378-substituted PCDFs accounted from 59% to 73% of the total PCDFs. The 2378-substituted isomers accounted for only 3% of the total PCDDs/DFs in shellfish. Ambient air collected from two sites contained a wide range of isomers of tetra- through heptachlorinated PCDDs/DFs. Even though the total concentration of PCDDs/DFs in ambient air (12.8 pgm(-3)) collected from an industrial area was 2-fold greater than that in air samples (6.3 pgm(-3)) collected from an urban/rural area, total TEQs (0.07 and 0.08 pgm(-3)) there was no statistical difference between the two samples.
Im
Sook Hyeon
SH
School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, San 31 Hyoja-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang, Kyungbuk 790-784, South Korea.
Strause
Karl D
KD
Giesy
John P
JP
Chang
Yoon Seok
YS
Matsuda
Muneaki
M
Wakimoto
Tadaaki
T
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis*; D005399:Fishes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007723:Korea; D012758:Shellfish / Q000032:analysis*
D000393:Air Pollutants; D001572:Benzofurans; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D004147:Dioxins