title: Effect of solute lipophilicity on penetration through canine skin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of lipophilicity on the percutaneous penetration of a homologous series of alcohols through canine skin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Skin harvested from Greyhound thorax was placed in Franz-type diffusion cells and the in vitro passage of radiolabelled (14C) alcohols (ethanol, butanol, hexanol and octanol (Log P 0.19-3.0)) through separate skin sections was measured in replicates of five. Permeability coefficient (kP, cm/h), maximum flux (Jmax, mol/cm2/h) and residue remaining within the skin were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The kP increased with increasing lipophilicity (6.2 x 10(-4) +/- 1.6 x 10(-4) cm/h for ethanol to 1.8 x 10(-2) +/- 3.6 x 10(-3) cm/h for octanol). Alcohol residues remaining within each skin sample followed a similar pattern. An exponential decrease in Jmax with increasing lipophilicity was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in canine skin permeability occur with increasing alcohol lipophilicity. This finding has practical consequences for the design of topical formulations and optimisation of drug delivery through animal skin.
authors.affiliation: School of Veterinary Science, University of Queensland Brisbane, Queensland 4072.
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Magnusson
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Cross
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000438:Alcohols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D000440:Butanols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000441:Hexanols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000442:Octanols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism*; D012869:Skin Absorption
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000440:Butanols; D000441:Hexanols; D000442:Octanols; D000431:Ethanol