title: The role of ferrous ion in Fenton and photo-Fenton processes for the degradation of phenol.
abstract: The efficiency of different Fenton-related oxidative processes such as Fenton, solar-Fenton and UV-Fenton were examined using phenol as a model compound in simulated and industrial wastewater. A batch study was conducted to optimize parameters like pH, hydrogen peroxide concentration and ferrous ion concentration governing the Fenton process. At optimum conditions, different Fenton-related processes were compared for the degradation of phenol. Increased degradation and mineralisation efficiency were observed in photo-Fenton processes as compared to conventional Fenton process. The maximum mineralising efficiency for phenol with Fenton, solar and UV-Fenton processes were 41%, 96% and 97% respectively. In Fenton process, carboxylic acids like acetic acid and oxalic acid were formed as end products during the degradation of phenol while in photo-Fenton processes, both these ions were identified during the early stages of phenol degradation and were oxidized almost completely at 120 min of the reaction time. In photo-Fenton processes (solar and UV light) complete degradation were observed with 0.4 mM of Fe2+ catalyst as compared to 0.8 mM of Fe2+ in conventional Fenton process. In Fenton and solar-Fenton processes, an iron reusability study was performed to minimize the amount of iron used in treatment process. The efficacy of Fenton and solar-Fenton processes was applied to effluent from phenol resin-manufacturing unit for the removal and mineralisation of phenol.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai 600 025, India.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kavitha
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Palanivelu
mesh_terms: D002384:Catalysis; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007194:India; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D007700:Kinetics; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D010777:Photochemistry; D013472:Sunlight; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C045076:Fenton's reagent; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron