title: Effect of triclosan dentifrice on toothbrush contamination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate by culture and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) the contamination of toothbrushes of 30 children (5-7 years old) by mutans streptococci (MS) when dentifrices with or without triclosan are used.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical procedures were divided into 3 phases at 1-week intervals. In phase 1 (group I), the children brushed their teeth without dentifrice for 4 minutes; phase 2 (group II) brushed with fluoridated dentifrice (Tandy); phase 3 (group III) brushed with dentifrice containing triclosan (Colgate Total). The toothbrushes were then submitted to microbiological processing for the counting of colony-forming units (CFUs) of MS adhered to the bristles. Four toothbrushes from each group were analyzed by SEM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MS were present on 93% of group I toothbrush bristles and on 77% of group II toothbrush bristles. Only 40% of group III toothbrushes were contaminated with MS. When there was a positive microbiological culture, the formation of cariogenic bacterial biofilm adhered to the bristles of all groups was identified by SEM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Toothbrush bristles were contaminated by MS after only one use. A dentifrice containing triclosan significantly reduced bacterial contamination of these toothbrushes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Brazil. nelson@forp.usp.br
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nelson-Filho
authors.forename: Alessandra Rigo
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Isper
authors.forename: Sada
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Assed
authors.forename: Gisele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.forename: Izabel Yoko
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D005459:Fluorides / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D013997:Time Factors; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014260:Triclosan / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D003802:Dentifrices; D014260:Triclosan; D005459:Fluorides