title: A randomized trial of adjuvant chemotherapy with uracil-tegafur for adenocarcinoma of the lung.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a previous phase 3 trial of adjuvant chemotherapy after resection of non-small-cell lung cancer, a combination of uracil and tegafur (often referred to as UFT) taken orally was shown to prolong survival. A subgroup analysis disclosed that most patients who benefited had pathological stage I adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomly assigned patients with completely resected pathological stage I adenocarcinoma of the lung to receive either oral uracil-tegafur (250 mg of tegafur per square meter of body-surface area per day) for two years or no treatment. Randomization was performed with stratification according to the pathological tumor category (T1 vs. T2), sex, and age. The primary end point was overall survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From January 1994 through March 1997, 999 patients were enrolled. Twenty patients were found to be ineligible and were excluded from the analysis after randomization; 491 patients were assigned to receive uracil-tegafur and 488 were assigned to observation. The median duration of follow-up for surviving patients was 73 months. The difference in overall survival between the two groups was statistically significant in favor of the uracil-tegafur group (P=0.04 by a stratified log-rank test). Grade 3 toxic effects occurred in 10 of the 482 patients (2 percent) who actually received uracil-tegafur.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adjuvant chemotherapy with uracil-tegafur improves survival among patients with completely resected pathological stage I adenocarcinoma of the lung.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Harubumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Yukito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: Morio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Enjo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsubota
authors.forename: Hirohito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tada
authors.forename: Yoh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamajima
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohta
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D016019:Survival Analysis; D005641:Tegafur / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D017211:Treatment Failure; D014498:Uracil / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011355:Prodrugs; D005641:Tegafur; D014498:Uracil