title: [Composition of AME encoding gene in Gram positive Cocci--study on spread of aminoglycoside resistance].
abstract: Aminoglycoside modifying enzymes (AMEs) are major factors which confer aminoglycoside resistance on bacteria. Composition of six genes encoding AMEs (including lately described aph 2"-genes) was investigated by PCR for 16 clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis, 16 clinical isolates of coagulase-positive (S. aureus) and 13 clinical isolates of coagulase negative staphylococci (S. haemolyticus, S. epidermidis) collected in Gdańsk region (Northern Poland) in the years 1998-2001. Diversity of AME encoding gene profiles (composition) was used to analyze spread of AME encoding gene among and within studied group of cocci. According to presence of particular genes we distinguish eleven different AME encoding gene profiles: seven profiles were unique for particular species while the most common was shared among S. aureus, coagulase negative staphylococci and enterococci. Regarding profile frequency statistical analysis (Fstat, AMOVA, cluster analysis UPGMA) shows: the difference between S. aureus and enterococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci, lack of difference between enterococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci, higher variability within than between studied species and presence of multispecies cluster. On the basis of the reports about ability of staphylococci to synthesis enterococcal pheromones, this finding lets assume that spread of aminoglycoside resistance gene among gram (+) cocci is limited only by the ability of stains to synthesis or induction of synthesis conjugation protein.
authors.affiliation: Katedra i Zakład Mikrobiologii Lekarskiej, Akademia Medyczna w Gdańsku.
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jarzembowski
mesh_terms: D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000378:metabolism*; D003030:Coagulase / Q000378:metabolism*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000235:genetics; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000235:genetics; D041162:Staphylococcus haemolyticus / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D003030:Coagulase