title: [Modified grant method protocol for dissecting and identifying the brachial plexus].
abstract: Dissection of the brachial plexus is an important part in the anatomical course, but it is difficult for medical students to identify individual nerves of the brachial plexus due to its complexity and numerous variations. We have recently adopted the Grant method (1991) to guide students in the successful identification of this plexus. However, according to the Grant method the part of the upper limb including the brachial plexus is dissected before the neck part, which makes it impossible to identify the roots, trunks, and cords of the brachial plexus, and to identify the nerve branches extending from the brachial plexus. Here, we propose of anatomical dissection protocol of the brachial plexus a modified Grant method for medical students and instructors. The points of the modified protocols are: (1) to dissect the brachial plexus after the dissection of the neck part, (2) to identify the nerve trunks at the scalenus gap after dissecting the lateral, medial and posterior cords. The modified Grant method can be adapted to any other dissecting protocol of the brachial plexus, and will allow students to cope with many variations of the brachial plexus when they occur.
authors.affiliation: Division of Anatomy and Developmental Neurobiology, Department of Neuroscience, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunokicho, Chuoku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
authors.forename: Takamitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Tomiyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Setsu
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terashima
mesh_terms: D000715:Anatomy / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods*; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D004210:Dissection / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods*; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate; D006801:Humans; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000294:innervation*