title: Drug-drug interaction between itraconazole and the antiretroviral drug lopinavir/ritonavir in an HIV-1-infected patient with disseminated histoplasmosis.
abstract: We describe a drug-drug interaction between coformulated lopinavir/ritonavir and itraconazole in a patient infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 who had disseminated histoplasmosis. Coadministration of these agents led to a strong increase in itraconazole concentrations and a decrease in concentrations of its metabolite, hydroxyitraconazole, which is equally active pharmacologically. The dosage of itraconazole was reduced when it was used in combination with lopinavir/ritonavir.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Slotervaart Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Apkcr@slz.nl
authors.forename: Kristel M L
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Crommentuyn
authors.forename: Jan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: Rolf W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Sparidans
authors.forename: Alwin D R
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Huitema
authors.forename: Jan H M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Schellens
authors.forename: Jos H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Beijnen
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006660:Histoplasmosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061466:Lopinavir; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011744:Pyrimidinones / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D011744:Pyrimidinones; C084794:hydroxyitraconazole; D061466:Lopinavir; D017964:Itraconazole; D019438:Ritonavir