title: Chemotherapy of small cell lung cancer: state of the art.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Small cell lung cancer was termed chemosensitive with the introduction of combination chemotherapy in the 1970s. However, two decades of trials have seen little significant progress in achieving its "curable" potential. This paper presents an update of data recently published from phase 2 and phase 3 trials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Platinum and etoposide combination chemotherapy remains the standard of care in small cell lung cancer. New agents, including irinotecan, may improve outcomes, but confirmatory trials are awaited. Triplet therapy, dose intensification, and maintenance therapy have not demonstrated meaningful survival improvements given the increased associated toxicity. Outcomes in limited-stage disease are optimized with the use of concurrent and early chemoradiation. New agents offering an improved toxicity profile for second-line therapy are emerging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Small cell lung cancer remains an aggressive disease. Recent advances have yielded, at best, only modest gains. New strategies are required, including incorporation of novel targeted agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Guy's Hospital, St Thomas Street, London SE1 9RT, UK. kathryn.chrystal@gstt.sthames.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chrystal
authors.forename: Kerry
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Harper
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077146:Irinotecan; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005047:Etoposide; D000077146:Irinotecan; D002945:Cisplatin; D007069:Ifosfamide; D002166:Camptothecin