title: Liver regeneration in FGF-2-deficient mice: VEGF acts as potential functional substitute for FGF-2.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The angiogenic properties, its role in mesoderm differentiation and cell culture studies implicate an important role of fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) in liver regeneration. The aim of the study was to evaluate this role in a FGF-2 knockout mouse model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Liver regeneration after left hemihepatectomy (partial hepatectomy, PH) was evaluated in homozygous FGF-2 deficient (-/-) mice (male C57BL/6J) and their FGF-2 competent (+/+) littermates (controls) (day 0-10).
  
  
  RESULTS
  FGF-2-(-/-) mice displayed normal dynamics in liver regeneration. FGF-2 protein was overexpressed 4 days post PH in controls. BrdU incorporation showed a biphasic pattern in FGF-2-(-/-) mice, whereas it decreased continuously after one peak (day 2) in controls. In FGF-2-(-/-) livers hepatic growth factor mRNA post PH was 1 day longer decreased and markedly less elevated thereafter compared with control. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) mRNA levels were clearly increased in FGF-2-(-/-) mice pre- and postoperatively in contrast to controls. VEGF protein levels in livers of FGF-2-(-/-) mice were elevated preoperatively, but similar in both groups after PH. With SU5416, a VEGF-receptor inhibitor, liver regeneration in FGF-2-(-/-) mice was reduced significantly, whereas it remained unchanged in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liver regeneration dynamics in FGF-2-(-/-) mice were comparable with controls, potentially due to a functional substitution of FGF-2 by VEGF.
authors.affiliation: Chirurgische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, Germany. joerg.sturm@chir.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sturm
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keese
authors.forename: Honyue
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Roderich
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bönninghoff
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Magdeburg
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vajkoczy
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dono
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zeller
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gretz
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006720:Homozygote; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008115:Liver Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; C116890:Semaxinib; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2