title: Southern Ocean iron enrichment experiment: carbon cycling in high- and low-Si waters.
abstract: The availability of iron is known to exert a controlling influence on biological productivity in surface waters over large areas of the ocean and may have been an important factor in the variation of the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide over glacial cycles. The effect of iron in the Southern Ocean is particularly important because of its large area and abundant nitrate, yet iron-enhanced growth of phytoplankton may be differentially expressed between waters with high silicic acid in the south and low silicic acid in the north, where diatom growth may be limited by both silicic acid and iron. Two mesoscale experiments, designed to investigate the effects of iron enrichment in regions with high and low concentrations of silicic acid, were performed in the Southern Ocean. These experiments demonstrate iron's pivotal role in controlling carbon uptake and regulating atmospheric partial pressure of carbon dioxide.
authors.affiliation: Moss Landing Marine Laboratories, 8272 Moss Landing Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039-9647, USA. coale@mlml.calstate.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Coale
authors.forename: Kenneth S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Francisco P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Chavez
authors.forename: Ken O
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Buesseler
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Barber
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Brzezinski
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Cochlan
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Millero
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Falkowski
authors.forename: James E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Rik H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Wanninkhof
authors.forename: Raphael M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kudela
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Altabet
authors.forename: Burke E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Hales
authors.forename: Taro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Landry
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Bidigare
authors.forename: Xiujun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chase
authors.forename: Pete G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Strutton
authors.forename: Gernot E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Friederich
authors.forename: Maxim Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Gorbunov
authors.forename: Veronica P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Lance
authors.forename: Anna K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Hilting
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Hiscock
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demarest
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Hiscock
authors.forename: Kevin F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Sara J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Tanner
authors.forename: R Mike
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Craig N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Virginia A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Elrod
authors.forename: Steve E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Fitzwater
authors.forename: Janice L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Sasha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tozzi
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koblizek
authors.forename: Alice E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herndon
authors.forename: Jodi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brewster
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ladizinsky
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Timothy
authors.forename: Susan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Selph
authors.forename: Cecelia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Sheridan
authors.forename: Benjamin S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Twining
authors.forename: Zackary I
authors.initials: ZI
authors.lastname: Johnson
mesh_terms: D001272:Atmosphere; D018533:Biomass; D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000032:analysis; D000077194:Chlorophyll A; D017377:Diatoms / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D017753:Ecosystem; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D009792:Oceans and Seas; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010839:Phytoplankton / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D012824:Silicic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D012824:Silicic Acid; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002244:Carbon; D007501:Iron; D009584:Nitrogen; D000077194:Chlorophyll A