title: Alzheimer disease: evidence for a central pathogenic role of iron-mediated reactive oxygen species.
abstract: Free radical formation, abnormalities in iron and copper distribution, and metal-catalyzed oxidation have all been noted in Alzheimer disease and are thought to play an important role in disease pathogenesis. Metal-catalyzed hydroxyl radical formation results in damage to every category of macromolecule found in the vulnerable neuronal populations in Alzheimer disease. In fact, redox activity resides within the cytosol of vulnerable neurons. Since oxidative damage represents one of the earliest pathological changes in Alzheimer disease, it is likely that aberrant redox activity is among the earliest changes in the transition to the disease state. In this review, we consider the wealth of evidence implicating a central role for metals in Alzheimer disease.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. gxc40@case.edu
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Casadesus
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Xiongwei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Gjumrakch
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aliev
authors.forename: Adam D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Cash
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Perry
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003300:Copper / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D003300:Copper; D007501:Iron