title: Five or more acute postoperative seizures predict hospital course and long-term seizure control after hemispherectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Acute postoperative seizures (APOSs) are those that occur in the first 7 to 10 days after surgery, and previous studies in temporal lobe epilepsy patients support the notion that APOSs may foretell failure of long-term seizure control. It is unknown whether APOSs also predict seizure outcome or hospital course after hemispherectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hemispherectomy patients (n = 114) were studied retrospectively and subdivided into the following groups: No APOSs, 1 to 5 APOSs, or >5 APOSs. Intensive care unit (ICU) nursing staff or family members reported and described the APOS events. APOS categories were compared with pre- and postsurgery clinical variables abstracted from the medical record.
  
  
  RESULTS
  APOSs occurred in 22.6% of hemispherectomy patients. Compared with the 0 and 1 to 5 APOS groups, patients with >5 APOS showed (a) longer seizure durations before surgery, (b) longer hospitalizations, (c) later oral food intake, (d) more frequent lumbar punctures, (e) worse seizure control at 0.5 and 1 year after surgery, (f) more antiepileptic drug (AED) use at 2 and 5 years after surgery, and (g) higher reoperation rate. No similar differences were found between the 0 and 1 to 5 APOS groups. The day of the APOS, whether the APOS was typical of preoperative seizures, and postsurgery scalp EEG did not predict long-term seizure control. APOS patients in the 1 to 5 and >5 groups had lower pre- and postsurgery Vineland developmental quotients compared with those without an APOS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hemispherectomy patients with >5 APOSs had a more prolonged and complicated hospital course and worse postsurgery seizure control, more AED use, and higher reoperation rate than did patients with 0 or 1 to 5 APOSs. Thus the number of APOSs was a predictor of postsurgery seizure control and can be used to counsel patients and families about prognosis after hemispherectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koh
authors.forename: Snow
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Asarnow
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: LoPresti
authors.forename: Sue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yudovin
authors.forename: W Donald
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Shields
authors.forename: Harry V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Vinters
authors.forename: Gary W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Mathern
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D017668:Age of Onset; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D038421:Hemispherectomy; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011379:Prognosis; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012640:Seizures / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants