title: Histamine production via mast cell-independent induction of histidine decarboxylase in response to lipopolysaccharide and interleukin-1.
abstract: Histamine modulates immune responses. There are at least two ways histamine might be supplied: one is its release from cells that pool pre-formed histamine and the other is its de novo formation via induction of histidine decarboxylase (HDC). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1 induce a marked elevation of HDC activity in various tissues or organs. To examine the contribution of mast cells to HDC induction in mice given LPS or IL-1, we examined the effects of LPS and IL-1 on HDC activity and/or histamine content in various organs (liver, lung, spleen or bone marrow) in mast cell-deficient mice (W/Wv), their normal littermates (+/+) and BALB/c mice deficient in IL-1alpha, IL-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha (IL-1alpha beta/TNFalphaKO mice). In non-stimulated mice, the histamine in the lung and spleen was contained largely within mast cells. The LPS-stimulated increase in HDC activity in a given organ was similar between +/+ and W/W(v) mice, and between IL-1alpha beta/TNFalphaKO BALB/c and control BALB/c mice, and led to increases in histamine. In W/Wv and +/+ mice, IL-1alpha also elevated HDC activity. These results suggest that (i) in liver, lung and spleen, either the major cells supplying histamine via HDC induction in response to LPS and IL-1 are not mast cells, or mast cells are not a prerequisite for the induction of HDC; (ii) the cells in which HDC is induced by LPS and IL-1 are similar or identical in a given organ; and (iii) neither IL-1 nor TNF-alpha is a prerequisite for the induction of HDC by LPS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Graduate School of Dentistry, Tohoku University, 4-1, Seiryo-machi, Aoba, Sendai 980-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasano
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwakura
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Endo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D006632:Histamine / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D006632:Histamine; D006640:Histidine Decarboxylase