title: Tumour cell/dendritic cell fusions as a vaccination strategy for multiple myeloma.
abstract: Multiple myeloma (MM) cells express certain tumour-associated antigens (TAAs) that could serve as targets for active-specific immunotherapy. The aim of the present study was to test the MM/dendritic cell (DC) fusion as a vaccination strategy. We fused MM cells with DC to generate fusion cells (FCs) and tested their antigen presenting cell (APC) function in mixed lymphocyte reactions and cytotoxicity assays. First, the HS Sultan and SK0-007 HAT sensitive human MM cell lines and DCs generated from peripheral blood of normal donors were fused in the presence of 50% polyethylene glycol to form FCs. Next, tumour cells freshly isolated from patients were similarly fused with autologous DCs to generate FCs. The FCs demonstrated a biphenotypic profile, confirmed both by flow-cytometry and dual immunofluorescence microscopy. These FCs induced MM-specific cytotoxicity. FCs, but not MM cells or DCs alone, were potent stimulators of autologous patient T cells. More importantly, FC-primed autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrated major histocompatibility complex-restricted MM-specific cytolysis. These studies therefore demonstrated that MM/DC FC can trigger an autologous immune response to MM cells and formed the framework for a clinical trial currently underway.
authors.affiliation: Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, Department of Adult Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Noopur
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Raje
authors.forename: Teru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hideshima
authors.forename: Faith E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Dharminder
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chauhan
authors.forename: Steven P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Treon
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Yu-Tzu
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Avigan
authors.forename: Jianlin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Schlossman
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Donald W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kufe
authors.forename: Kenneth C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Anderson
mesh_terms: D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D002459:Cell Fusion / Q000379:methods; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines