title: Prognostic impact of matrix metalloproteinase gene polymorphisms in patients with heart failure according to the aetiology of left ventricular systolic dysfunction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the possible effect of functional polymorphisms in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene promoters on the clinical outcome of patients with heart failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 444 consecutive patients who were referred to our centre for evaluation of left ventricular dysfunction. We extracted genomic DNA from white blood cells and determined the -1306 C >T MMP-2, -1171 5A > 6A MMP-3, and -1562 C >T MMP-9 polymorphisms. Clinical follow-up (median 717 days) was obtained for 443 patients. The MMP-3 polymorphism had a different impact on cardiac survival in HF patients with ischaemic and non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (interaction p <0.03). The MMP-3 5A/5A genotype was an independent predictor of cardiac mortality (HR 2.92 [1.23-6.69]; p = 0.01) in patients with non-ischaemic HF. In contrast, there was no evidence for any effect of the MMP-3 genotype on cardiac events in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy. The MMP-9 polymorphism was associated with cardiac survival (p < 0.03) independently of HF aetiology. In multivariate analysis, the MMP-9 T allele was an independent predictor of cardiac mortality (HR 1.81 [1.09-3.02]; p = 0.02). Finally, there was no evidence for any association between MMP-2 polymorphism and cardiac survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MMP-3 and MMP-9 polymorphisms contribute to variability in cardiac survival in HF patients. These data suggest that MMP genotyping could provide important additional information for refining risk stratification in patients with heart failure. MMP genotyping may help to select patients who could benefit from MMP inhibition.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U508, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 1 rue Calmette, 59019 Lille cedex, France.
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mizon-Gérard
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: de Groote
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lamblin
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hermant
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dallongeville
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amouyel
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bauters
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Helbecque
mesh_terms: D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013599:Systole; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases