title: Long-term results of Armstrong beveled grommet tympanostomy tubes in children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Many different tympanostomy tubes have been developed with different sizes, shapes, compositions, and coatings. Despite the frequency of ventilation tube placement, very few large studies have examined the outcomes of patients receiving this procedure. An ideal tube would be easy to insert and would extrude at a predictable interval without complications. This study was performed to assess outcome measures and complication rates of the Armstrong beveled grommet tube.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective case series of patients who had Armstrong beveled grommet tympanostomy tubes placed over a 3 year period by two Children's Hospital of Wisconsin pediatric Otolaryngology staff.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient age, diagnosis, operative findings, and time to tube extrusion were reviewed. Otorrhea, perforation, and cholesteatoma rates were also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five hundred seven consecutive patients who had Armstrong tubes placed were reviewed. One thousand ninety-six Armstrong tubes were placed in these patients. Follow-up to extrusion rates were available for 756 tubes. The mean patient age at tube placement was 33.3 months, and the median age was 23 months. Mean and median times to extrusion were 16.5 and 15.5 months. One hundred sixty episodes of otorrhea were noted in 148 patients. Four patients had histories of cholesteatoma, none of which developed in conjunction with Armstrong tubes. Ten (1.32%) perforations that have not resolved over time were noted after Armstrong tube placement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Armstrong beveled grommet tympanostomy tubes have complication rates comparable with those reported for Armstrong or other short-acting tubes in smaller series.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin and the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226-0099, USA.
authors.forename: D Richard
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Lindstrom
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Reuben
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jacobson
authors.forename: Valerie A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Flanary
authors.forename: Joseph E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kerschner
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008876:Middle Ear Ventilation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome