title: Relationship of tinnitus questionnaires to depressive symptoms, quality of well-being, and internal focus.
abstract: Twenty percent of people endure tinnitus to a degree that their quality of well-being and productivity in life are impaired, and up to 60% report depression. Four measures are widely used to assess tinnitus-related distress, yet the relationship among all four measures or their relationship to relevant psychiatric variables has yet to be studied. This study assessed the association between the four commonly used measures of tinnitus and their relationship to depressive symptoms, quality of well-being, and internal focus. Sixty-five people with tinnitus completed the following measures: Iowa Tinnitus Handicap Questionnaire (THQ); Tinnitus Reaction Questionnaire (TRQ); Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI); Tinnitus Questionnaire (TQ); Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD); Beck Depression Inventory (BDI); Quality of Well-Being Scale (QWBS); Modified Somatic Perception Questionnaire (MSPQ); and Private Self-Consciousness Scale (PSCS). All the tinnitus measures were highly intercorrelated (r = .76-.90; all p values < .001), and related to depressive symptoms (r = .48-.66; p < .001) and QWBS (r = .37-.48; all p values < 0.008). The tinnitus measures correlated with the MSPQ (r = .37-.52; all p values < .01) but not with the PSCS. When controlling for the shared variance between tinnitus measures, the THQ independently predicted the HRSD, whereas the TRQ independently predicted the BDI.
authors.affiliation: University of California-San Diego, USA. skrobinson@ucsd.edu
authors.forename: Shannon K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: McQuaid
authors.forename: Erik S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Viirre
authors.forename: Lynn L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Betzig
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Jeffrey P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Perry
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014012:Tinnitus / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*