title: Detection of apoptotic cells in whole saliva of patients with oral premalignant and malignant lesions: a preliminary study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to identify and measure apoptotic cells in whole saliva of patients with oral premalignant and malignant lesions and explore its utility as a prognostic indicator.
  
  
  METHODS
  A fluorescent TUNEL technique (APO-BrdU TUNEL) modified by our lab was applied to unstimulated whole saliva from 8 healthy volunteers, 16 patients with oral leukoplakia and/or lichen planus, 10 untreated and 5 treated cases with oral malignant lesion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The apoptotic cells in whole saliva were detected in 4 groups of study subjects. The apoptotic cells demonstrated morphology similar to normal exfoliated epithelial cells of oral mucosa. The fraction of apoptotic cell in treated malignant patients (18.18+/-12.65) was significantly higher than that in healthy volunteers (6.99+/-6.52), premalignant patients (4.43+/-5.52), and untreated malignant patients (3.40+/-5.14) (P<.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detection of apoptotic epithelial cells in whole saliva appears to have some clinical potential in monitoring reaction to chemoradiotherapy and may reveal some insight into the mechanism of oral carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics and Oral Medicine, Guanghua School of Stomatology, Sun Yat-sen University, PR China.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Nelson L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Rhodus
authors.forename: Brent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Griffin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017209:Apoptosis; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000473:pathology; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012463:Saliva / Q000166:cytology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes