title: Infertility and ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
abstract: Two women with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt had primary infertility. At laparoscopy they both had extensive peritoneal adhesions that made evaluation of pelvic organs impossible and increased the risk of bowel injury. History of ventriculoperitoneal shunt should be considered a contraindication of laparoscopy.
authors.affiliation: IVF Michigan, Flint and Rochester Hills, Michigan 48503, USA.
authors.forename: Amr
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azim
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ashraf
authors.forename: Mostafa I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Abuzeid
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D010535:Laparoscopy; D010388:Pelvis / Q000473:pathology; D010532:Peritoneal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt / Q000009:adverse effects*