title: A phosphorothioate antisense oligodeoxynucleotide specifically inhibits coxsackievirus B3 replication in cardiomyocytes and mouse hearts.
abstract: Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS-ODNs) are promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of virus-induced diseases. We previously reported that coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infectivity could be inhibited effectively in HeLa cells by phosphorothioate AS-ODNs complementary to different regions of the 5' and 3' untranslated regions of CVB3 RNA. The most effective target is the proximal terminus of the 3' untranslated region. To further investigate the potential antiviral role of the AS-ODN targeting this site in cardiomyocytes (HL-1 cell line), corresponding AS-ODN (AS-7) was transfected into the HL-1 cells and followed by CVB3 infection. Analyses by RT-PCR, Western blotting and plaque assay demonstrated that AS-7 strongly inhibits viral RNA and viral protein synthesis as compared to scrambled AS-ODNs. The percent inhibitions of viral RNA transcription and capsid protein VP1 synthesis were 87.6 and 40.1, respectively. Moreover, AS-7 could inhibit ongoing CVB3 infection when it was given after virus infection. The antiviral activity was further evaluated in a CVB3 myocarditis mouse model. Adolescent A/J mice were intravenously administrated with AS-7 or scrambled AS-ODNs prior to and after CVB3 infection. Following a 4-day therapy, the myocardium CVB3 RNA replication decreased by 68% and the viral titers decreased by 0.5 log(10) in the AS-7-treated group as compared to the group treated with the scrambled AS-ODNs as determined by RT-PCR, in situ hybridization and viral plaque assay. Taken together, our results demonstrated a great potential for AS-7 to be further developed into an effective treatment towards viral myocarditis as well as other diseases caused by CVB3 infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre, University of British Columbia-St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Paul K M
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Huifang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chau
authors.forename: Bobby
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yanagawa
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Honglin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Yinjing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Agripina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suarez
authors.forename: Bruce M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: McManus
authors.forename: Decheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D003384:Coxsackievirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008805:Mice, Inbred A; D009205:Myocarditis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology*; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D012367:RNA, Viral