title: Polymorphisms of IL-1 beta gene in Japanese patients with Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interleukin (IL)-1 beta is a proinflammatory cytokine involved in various immune responses. Five polymorphisms in the IL-1 beta gene have been described, and relationships between these polymorphisms and some autoimmune diseases have been reported. Evidence suggests that IL-1 beta may be involved in the destruction of salivary and lacrimal glands in Sjögren's syndrome (SS). We evaluated the significance of IL-1 beta gene polymorphisms in SS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood samples were taken from 101 patients with SS, 103 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE, excluding those with secondary SS), and 106 healthy volunteers. Each polymorphism of the IL-1 beta gene was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification of the polymorphic site, followed by site-specific restriction digestion. Genotype frequencies of each polymorphism in SS patients were compared with those of the controls and SLE patients, and differences between primary and secondary SS patients were also compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotypes CC, TT, and AA in positions -511, -31, and 3877, respectively, were significantly less frequent in SS patients than controls or patients with SLE. No significant differences were found in genotype frequencies of any of the polymorphisms between patients with primary SS and secondary SS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-1 beta gene polymorphisms may affect susceptibility to SS, but not SLE.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muraki
authors.forename: Akito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chino
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sumida
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015894:Genome, Human; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D007564:Japan; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D007375:Interleukin-1; D004247:DNA