title: High-dose chemotherapy for breast cancer: is another look warranted?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Controversy has surrounded the use of high-dose chemotherapy for breast cancer for more than a decade. Numerous randomized trials have compared high-dose chemotherapy with standard-dose chemotherapy in metastatic breast cancer and high-risk primary breast cancer, defined by extensive axillary node involvement or inflammatory disease. The authors review the main research results of high-dose chemotherapy for breast cancer in 2002 to 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preliminary analyses of three randomized trials in metastatic breast cancer and seven in high-risk primary breast cancer have been reported during this period. An advantage in event-free survival has been observed in all three studies in metastatic disease and in four of the high-risk primary cancer trials, albeit with no impact on overall survival at short follow-up. These early results are consistent with the most recent Cochrane reviews, which included trials reported through mid 2002.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An early event-free survival advantage is apparent in favor of high-dose chemotherapy in both high-risk primary and metastatic breast cancer. Longer follow-up of those and most other trials is required to detect translation of the event-free survival differences into benefits in overall survival. High-dose chemotherapy remains a valid research strategy in event-free survival and high-risk primary breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East Ninth Avenue, B-190 Denver, CO 80262, USA. yago.nieto@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: Yago
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nieto
authors.forename: Roy B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Elizabeth J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Shpall
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome