title: [Radiologic-histopathologic correlation of microcalcifications from 11g vacuum biopsy: analysis of 3196 core biopsies].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a statistical evaluation of microcalcifications (MC) from suspicious breast lesions detected by radiography and histopathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Histological and radiological detection of calcifications were compared from 116 biopsies in 96 women. Lesions with identical description of calcifications detected in histopathology and radiography were considered concordant, patients with obvious discrepancies discordant. If histological and radiological groups of calcifications were identical in number but differed in location, the case was considered pseudo-concordant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histopathology classified 24 of 116 lesions as malignant and 92 as benign. A total of 3196 core biopsies were examined, 851 of these contained groups of calcifications or single calcifications. Both modalities detected 579 calcifications, with 169 exclusively detected by radiography and 103 exclusively by histopathology. In 35 cases (30 %) radiologic and pathologic results were concordant, in 6 cases pseudo-concordant (4 %) and in 75 cases (65 %) discordant. The case-based Kappa coefficient was - 0.09 (- 0.24 to 0.07). The 122 calcifications not detected by histopathology were few or single calcifications at the edge of the core that were probably lost during processing, 18 were possible artefacts. Six cores contained calcium oxalate, 3 contained milk of calcium. In 6 cases malignant disease was found after the first examination, hence the cores were not searched thoroughly for the missing calcifications. In the remaining 14 cases, no calcifications were found despite complete processing of the tissue. In 49 of 103 cases of radiologically undetected microcalcifications, the retrospect analysis showed dense tissue areas that probably contained the calcification. The remaining 54 cases contained calcifications, which were too small to be detected radiologically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Discordant results from pathological and radiological examinations of biopsies can mainly be explained by calcifications at the edge of the specimen lost during processing, which are therefore not detected in histopathology, and calcifications too small to be visualized radiologically.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Radiologische Diagnostik, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen. Arne.Fischmann@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fischmann
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pietsch-Breitfeld
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müller-Schimpfle
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Siegmann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wersebe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rothenberger-Janzen
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Claussen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Janzen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods; D001940:Breast / Q000473:pathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D018275:Carcinoma, Lobular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques