title: Tula hantavirus L protein is a 250 kDa perinuclear membrane-associated protein.
abstract: The complete open reading frame of Tula hantavirus (TULV) L RNA was cloned in three parts. The middle third (nt 2191-4344) could be expressed in E. coli and was used to immunize rabbits. The resultant antiserum was then used to immunoblot concentrated TULV and infected Vero E6 cells. The L protein of a hantavirus was detected, for the first time, in infected cells and was found to be expressed as a single protein with an apparent molecular mass of 250 kDa in both virions and infected cells. Using the antiserum, the expression level of the L protein was followed and image analysis of immunoblots indicated that there were 10(4) copies per cell at the peak level of expression. The antiserum was also used to detect the L protein in cell fractionation studies. In cells infected with TULV and cells expressing recombinant L, the protein pelleted with the microsomal membrane fraction. The membrane association was confirmed with membrane flotation assays. To visualize L protein localization in cells, a fusion protein of L and enhanced green fluorescent protein, L-EGFP, was expressed in Vero E6 cells with a plasmid-driven T7 expression system. L-EGFP localized in the perinuclear region where it had partial co-localization with the Golgi matrix protein GM130 and the TULV nucleocapsid protein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, PO Box 21, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Sami K J
authors.initials: SKJ
authors.lastname: Kukkonen
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, PO Box 21, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vaheri
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, PO Box 21, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plyusnin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001324:Autoantigens; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006476:Orthohantavirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008861:Microsomes / Q000378:metabolism; D008970:Molecular Weight; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014709:Vero Cells; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014771:Virion / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; C097741:Golgin subfamily A member 2; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins