title: Prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The goal of this pilot study was to investigate the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) in a group of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty adult patients enrolled in out-patient SLE studies at the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (February 1995-October 1996) completed a self-report questionnaire adapted from the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale and an in-person psychiatric clinical interview with a psychiatrist or psychiatric clinical nurse specialist. DSM-IV lifetime diagnosis of OCD was determined by clinical interview.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixteen subjects (32%) met DSM-IV lifetime diagnostic criteria for OCD and an additional 5 (10%) met criteria for subclinical OCD. Mean +/- SD number of symptoms reported on the self-report questionnaire was significantly higher among subjects diagnosed with OCD on clinical interview (40.7 +/- 23.2) compared with those without OCD (8.9 +/- 11.7; t = 5.8, df = 27, p <.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obsessive-compulsive disorder was 10 to 15 times more common in this cohort of patients with SLE compared with those in community-based studies of OCD. The use of an OCD self-report rating scale proved helpful in the identification of OCD symptoms among patients with SLE. Results suggest that further studies of OCD in patients with SLE are needed and may provide new insight into the pathophysiology of both disorders.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. mslattery@wisc.edu
authors.forename: Marcia J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Slattery
authors.forename: Billinda K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Dubbert
authors.forename: Albert J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Henrietta L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Swedo
authors.forename: Mark F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Gourley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires