title: Adipose-derived adult stromal cells heal critical-size mouse calvarial defects.
abstract: In adults and children over two years of age, large cranial defects do not reossify successfully, posing a substantial biomedical burden. The osteogenic potential of bone marrow stromal (BMS) cells has been documented. This study investigates the in vivo osteogenic capability of adipose-derived adult stromal (ADAS) cells, BMS cells, calvarial-derived osteoblasts and dura mater cells to heal critical-size mouse calvarial defects. Implanted, apatite-coated, PLGA scaffolds seeded with ADAS or BMS cells produced significant intramembranous bone formation by 2 weeks and areas of complete bony bridging by 12 weeks as shown by X-ray analysis, histology and live micromolecular imaging. The contribution of implanted cells to new bone formation was 84-99% by chromosomal detection. These data show that ADAS cells heal critical-size skeletal defects without genetic manipulation or the addition of exogenous growth factors.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Surgery, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford University, 257 Campus Drive, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: Yun-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Oliver O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Aalami
authors.forename: Yu-Fen
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mari
authors.forename: Romy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Natalina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Quarto
authors.forename: Christopher H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Contag
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Longaker
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology*; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D019344:Lactic Acid; D051379:Mice; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers; D012886:Skull / Q000166:cytology*; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid