title: Approaches to learning and studying in medical students: validation of a revised inventory and its relation to student characteristics and performance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inventories to quantify approaches to studying try to determine how students approach academic tasks. Medical curricula usually aim to promote a deep approach to studying, which is associated with academic success and which may predict desirable traits postqualification.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to validate a revised Approaches to Learning and Studying Inventory (ALSI) in medical students and to explore its relation to student characteristics and performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Confirmatory factor analysis was used to validate the reported constructs in a sample of 128 Year 1 medical students. Models were developed to investigate the effect of age, graduate status and gender, and the relationships between approaches to studying and assessment outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The ALSI performed as anticipated in this population, thus validating its use in our sample, but a 4-factor solution had a better fit than the reported 5-factor one. Medical students scored highly on deep approach compared with other students in higher education. Graduate status and gender had significant effects on approach to studying and a deep approach was associated with higher academic scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ALSI is valid for use in medical students and can uncover interesting relationships between approaches to studying and student characteristics. In addition, the ALSI has potential as a tool to predict student success, both academically and beyond qualification.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Education, Peninsula Medical School, Plymouth UK. karen.mattick@pms.ac.uk
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mattick
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bligh
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003479:Curriculum; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D004521:Educational Measurement / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*