title: Accelerated alveolar bone loss in mice lacking interleukin-10: late onset.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is an anti-inflammatory cytokine regulating immune responses. We have previously reported that IL-10(-/-) mice experience accelerated alveolar bone loss. The purpose of the present study was to examine the timing of the manifestation of accelerated alveolar bone loss in IL-10(-/-) mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four IL-10(-/-) and 21 IL-10(+/+) age-matched male 129/SvEv mice were used. Sacrifice times occurred at 1, 3 and 9.5 months of age. Alveolar bone loss was determined morphometrically on defleshed jaws. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used for determination of serum concentration of type I collagen C-telopeptide, a systemic marker of bone resorption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Alveolar bone loss for the entire IL-10(-/-) group was significantly different than for the IL-10(+/+) group (p = 0.025). There was no significant difference in alveolar bone loss between IL-10(-/-) and IL-10(+/+) mice at 1 and 3 months of age. At 9.5 months of age, IL-10(-/-) mice exhibited 39% greater alveolar bone loss than IL-10(+/+) mice (p = 0.018). For IL-10(-/-) mice, alveolar bone loss significantly increased with age. Serum C-telopeptide levels significantly decreased with age in both groups. IL-10(-/-) mice had consistently higher C-telopeptide levels than IL-10(+/+) mice and the difference between the two groups reached statistical significance (p = 0.011) for the 9.5-month-old mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the accelerated alveolar bone loss observed in IL-10(-/-) mice is a late-onset condition and that lack of IL-10 may have an effect on bone homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California, USA.
authors.forename: Abdulaziz
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Rasheed
authors.forename: Heleen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scheerens
authors.forename: Apurva K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: Donna M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rennick
authors.forename: Dimitris N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Tatakis
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000097:blood; D024042:Collagen Type I; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D010455:Peptides; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D016753:Interleukin-10; D003094:Collagen