Age-related changes in hip abductor and adductor joint torques.
OBJECTIVE
To test the hypothesis that older age significantly affects hip abduction and adduction joint torque-time generating capability in women.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study, wherein subjects were tested in a supported standing position.


METHODS
University human performance laboratory.


METHODS
Seventy-six healthy, adult women (38 young; 38 old).


METHODS
Not applicable.


METHODS
The dependent variables were peak isometric torque and its corresponding torque rate and average peak isokinetic torque. Age group differences were assessed by analysis of variance.


RESULTS
Isometric peak torques were significantly lower in older women (P</=.001) for hip abduction (34%) and adduction (24%). Decreases with age were also significant for isometric rates of torque for both muscle groups (P</=.001). Average isokinetic peak torque of hip abduction and adduction showed even greater declines in older women versus the young (P</=.001) with losses of 44% and 56%, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
The hip abductor and adductor torques showed relatively marked age-related changes. To enhance balance assessment and treatment, and to reduce the risk of falls and related injuries in older women, greater focus should be placed on understanding the role of joint torque-time changes on frontal plane balance control.
Johnson
Marjorie E
ME
Department of Physical Therapy and Human Movement Sciences, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.
Mille
Marie-Laure
ML
Martinez
Kathy M
KM
Crombie
Gwen
G
Rogers
Mark W
MW
D000058:Accidental Falls; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology; D019415:Torque