title: Anti-HIV-1 cycloartanes from leaves and twigs of Gardenia thailandica.
abstract: Thailandiol ( 1), gardenolic acid A ( 2), quadrangularic acid E ( 3) and 3beta-hydroxy-5alpha-cycloart-24(31)-en-28-oic acid ( 4) have been isolated from the leaves and twigs of Gardenia thailandica Tirveng (order: Rubiales; family: Rubiaceae). In addition, 5-hydroxy-7,2',3',4',5',6'-hexamethoxyflavone ( 5), 5,7-dihydroxy-2',3', 4',5',6'-pentamethoxyflavone ( 6), 5-hydroxy-7,2',3',4',5'-pentamethoxyflavone ( 7) and 5,7-dihydroxy-2',3',4',5'-tetramethoxyflavone ( 8) were also isolated from the same source. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods. Crude extracts and compounds 1 - 4 displayed anti-HIV-1 activities as determined by using the (Delta)(Tat/Rev)MC99 virus and 1A2 cell line system. The EC (50) values determined by the syncytium assay ranged from < 7.8 to 110 microg/mL. They also exhibited moderate to high activities in reverse transcriptase (RT) assay; the IC (50) values of compounds 1 - 4, ranged from < 22.5 to 156.8 microg/mL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. scpt@mahidol.ac.th
authors.forename: Patoomratana
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tuchinda
authors.forename: Aroonchai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Saiai
authors.forename: Manat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pohmakotr
authors.forename: Chalobon
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yoosook
authors.forename: Jittra
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kasisit
authors.forename: Chanita
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Napaswat
authors.forename: Thawatchai
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Santisuk
authors.forename: Vichai
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reutrakul
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D032062:Gardenia; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts