title: Differential cerebellar activation on functional magnetic resonance imaging during working memory performance in persons with multiple sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the potential role of the cerebellum in working memory dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood oxygen level dependent functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine cerebellar activation during a working memory task.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated medical rehabilitation facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight persons with MS and 5 healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Change in hemodynamic response. fMRI data were acquired and subsequently analyzed by using Statistical Parametric Mapping.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the control and MS groups showed significantly greater activations in the right cerebellar hemisphere as compared with the left side. Persons with MS, however, showed no detectable activations in 4 cerebellar substructures that were significantly active in controls (ie, right vermis, right dentate nucleus, right tonsil, cerebellar peduncle).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significantly decreased cerebellar activation in the MS group suggests that the cerebellum may play a role in the working memory impairment observed in MS.
authors.affiliation: Southside Hospital, Bay Shore, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Nancy D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Chiaravalloti
authors.forename: Frank G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Hillary
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deluca
authors.forename: Wen-Ching
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kalnin
authors.forename: Joseph H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ricker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis