title: Pegylated interferon alpha 2b and ribavirin in HIV/hepatitis C virus-co-infected non-responders and relapsers to IFN-based therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pegylated interferon alpha (PEG-IFN-alpha) and ribavirin is the most effective available treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Its role in HIV/HCV-co-infected patients who have failed IFN-based therapy is unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of this therapy in HIV/HCV-co-infected non-responders and relapsers.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open-label cohort study of 32 non-responders and relapsers to IFN (with or without ribavirin). Patients were treated for 48 weeks with PEG-IFN-alpha 2b and ribavirin.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sustained virological response (SVR) defined as a negative HCV-RNA level 24 weeks after the end of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 40 years; 78% were men, 67% had genotype 1, and 36% had bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis. The majority had a CD4 cell count greater than 200 cells/microl (97%) and an undetectable HIV-RNA level (81%). Fifteen patients (47%) withdrew because of adverse events, predominantly neuropsychiatric. In an intention-to-treat analysis, a SVR was observed in five patients (16%); 9% with genotype 1 versus 29% with genotype 3 and 33% with genotype 4 (P = NS). Additional, but statistically non-significant, univariate predictors of response were lower serum HCV-RNA (P = 0.07) and higher alanine aminotransferase levels (P = 0.055) at baseline. No patient with bridging fibrosis or cirrhosis responded. Treatment had a minimal impact on HIV parameters.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PEG-IFN-alpha 2b and ribavirin is a potentially useful therapy in HIV/HCV-co-infected patients who have failed standard IFN-based regimens. Strategies to improve adherence are vital so as to maximize long-term response rates.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Hépato-Gastroentérologie, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France. rpmyers@ucalgary.ca
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Benhamou
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bochet
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thibault
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mehri
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Poynard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a