title: Evaluation of the bioactivity of triterpene mixture isolated from Carmona retusa (Vahl.) Masam leaves.
abstract: The major constituent of Carmona retusa (Vahl.) Masam. leaves is an intractable mixture of triterpenes, namely alpha-amyrin (43.7%), beta-amyrin (24.9%), and baurenol (31.4%). At a dosage of 100mg/kg mouse, the triterpene mixture exhibited 51% analgesic activity but only showed 20% anti-inflammatory activity. Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance by ranks showed that the triterpene mixture is as active as mefenamic acid, a commercially available analgesic, at alpha = 0.01. The charcoal tracing test showed a 29% anti-diarrheal activity for the triterpene mixture, which increased to 55% at a dosage of 250 mg/kg mouse. At the higher dosage, the triterpene mixture differed significantly from its solvent control at alpha = 0.01. Results of the micronucleus test showed that the triterpene mixture did not exhibit mutagenic nor anti-mutagenic activity at alpha = 0.001. There was no significant decrease in blood glucose levels (bgl) in alloxan-induced diabetic mice after administration of the triterpene mixture. The triterpene mixture was inactive against Escherichia coli and possessed moderate activities against Staphylococcus aureus, Candida albicans, and Trichophyton mentagrophytes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chemistry, University of the Philippines, Diliman, 1101 Quezon City, Philippines. ivillase@chem.upd.edu.ph
authors.forename: Irene M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Villaseñor
authors.forename: Arlyn P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Canlas
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Faustino
authors.forename: Katherine G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Plana
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000930:Antidiarrheals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D028082:Boraginaceae; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002351:Carrageenan; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008528:Mefenamic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000187:drug effects; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000930:Antidiarrheals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; C541218:baurenol; D008528:Mefenamic Acid; D002351:Carrageenan; D019342:Acetic Acid