title: A glucose response element from the S. cerevisiae hexose transporter HXT1 gene is sensitive to glucose in human fibroblasts.
abstract: Glucose is an essential nutrient, and a regulator of gene expression in eukaryotic cells. Here, a comparative, function-based genomic approach has been used to identify glucose regulatory elements and transduction pathways common to both yeast and mammalian cells. We have isolated a region in the promoter of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae hexose transporter gene HXT1 that conferred glucose sensitivity in yeast, when located upstream of the minimal CYC1 promoter. This element contained binding motifs for Rgt1, a transcriptional modulator involved in the yeast glucose-induction pathway, that were sufficient to elicit glucose responsiveness. The HXT1 regulatory element was then fused to the minimal cytomegalovirus promoter (HXT1-MIN) and inserted into an adenovirus for delivery to human fibroblasts, where it exhibited glucose-dependent transcriptional activation. Glucose action was mimicked by fructose and unrelated to glucose 6-P content, whilst non-metabolizable glucose analogues showed no effect. Activation of AMP kinase by 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide 1-beta-D-ribofuranosanide blocked glucose induction, revealing parallels with the yeast glucose-repressing pathway. In contrast, delivery of Rgt1 to fibroblasts did not modify HXT1-MIN responsiveness. Thus, elements of the S.cerevisiae HXT1 gene conserve glucose regulation in human fibroblasts equivalent to the metabolism-dependent, glucose-repressing pathway in yeast. These data suggest that the instructions carried within gene regulatory elements controlling nutrient regulation of gene expression have been conserved throughout evolution.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Bioquímica i Biologia Molecular, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès, 1. E-08028-Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Andreu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ferrer-Martínez
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riera
authors.forename: Josep Carles
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Chillarón
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moreno
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gómez-Foix
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative; D006801:Humans; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020218:Response Elements; D012265:Ribonucleotides / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D000620:Aminoimidazole Carboxamide; D005947:Glucose; D051246:Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D012265:Ribonucleotides; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C090594:HXT1 protein, S cerevisiae; C031143:AICA ribonucleotide