title: Enhancement of fractionated bone marrow transplantation on hematopoietic cell homing in a mouse allogeneic model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The conventional method of bone mar row transplantation (BMT) requires a large quantity of bone marrow cells (BMC) transplanted by a single injection. However, the homing efficiency of BMC is low, because the emptying of available niches might be a continuous process after stem-cell death after irradiation. In this article, the death character of CD34 stem cells was directly detected, and a novel method of fractionated (Fr) BMT that aimed to better use each niche that was continuously emptied was developed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apoptosis and necrosis were detected using trivariate fluorescence-activated cell sorting after labeling cells with phycoerythrin-CD34-fluorescein isothiocyanate-Annix V-7-aminoactinomycin D. Fr-BMT was conducted in a model of allogeneic BMT, where the total dosage of BMC was divided into four doses, and each dose was administrated for 4 consecutive days at 24-hr intervals after lethal irradiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CD34 cells underwent a continuous death process after lethal irradiation and presented three death peaks within a week. Fr-BMT decreased the BMC transplanted but increased the accumulatively homed BMC and enhanced the survival rates of recipients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fr-BMT is able to enhance hematopoietic cell homing and engraftment, and this method might prove to be a solution to the previous clinical problem that a single unit of umbilical cord blood is not sufficient for engraftment in adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation and Nuclear Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. lh6549@sh163.net
authors.forename: Yingsong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Suping
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Mingfeng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Gusheng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xuetao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D002465:Cell Movement; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D018952:Antigens, CD34