title: Staminane- and isopimarane-type diterpenes from Orthosiphon stamineus of Taiwan and their nitric oxide inhibitory activity.
abstract: From the MeOH extract of Taiwanese Orthosiphon stamineus, two new staminane-type diterpenes, staminols C (1) and D (2), and three new isopimarane-type diterpenes, orthosiphonone C (3) and D (4) and 14-deoxo-14-O-acetylorthosiphol Y (5), have been isolated together with 16 known diterpenes, orthosiphols A, B, D, K, M, N, O, X, and Y, nororthosiphonolide A, neoorthosiphol B, orthosiphonone A, secoorthosiphols B and C, 3-O-deacetylorthosiphol I, and 2-O-deacetylorthosiphol J. Their structures were determined on the basis of the spectroscopic data. All the newly isolated diterpenes exhibited dose-dependent inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophage-like J774.1 cells, and 2-O-deacetylorthosiphonone A showed the most potent activity, with an IC(50) value of 35.0 microM, comparable to that of the positive control N(G)-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA; IC(50), 35.7 microM).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 2630-Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Mai Thanh Thi
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Awale
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tezuka
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chien-Hsiung
authors.forename: Shigetoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kadota
mesh_terms: D045784:Abietanes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D031342:Orthosiphon / Q000737:chemistry*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D013624:Taiwan; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C485180:14-deoxo-14-O-acetylorthosiphol Y; D045784:Abietanes; D004224:Diterpenes; C485176:orthosiphonone C; C485178:orthosiphonone D; C485484:staminol C; C485183:staminol D; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D009569:Nitric Oxide