title: Independent effects of renal and peritoneal clearances on the mortality of peritoneal dialysis patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies show that peritoneal Kt/V is an independent predictor of survival in anuric patients receiving continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). We studied whether peritoneal Kt/V has the same effect in CAPD patients with residual renal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single dialysis center in a university teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  New and prevalent CAPD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the 5-year follow-up results of our prospective study previously reported (Kidney Int 2000; 58:400-7). A total of 270 CAPD patients were followed for up to 6 years. Dialysis adequacy indices, residual renal function, and nutritional data were monitored.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary outcomes included mortality and technique failure. Peritoneal Kt/V rather than total Kt/V was used for multivariate survival analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average duration of follow-up was 35.1 +/- 22.0 months. Average peritoneal Kt/V throughout the study was 1.59 +/- 0.37; median residual glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 0.82 mL/minute. Five-year actuarial patient survival was 41.5%, and technique survival was 23.1%. Multivariate analysis showed that sex, age, duration of dialysis, presence of diabetes, serum albumin, dialysate-to-plasma creatinine ratio at 24 hours, peritoneal Kt/V, residual GFR, and normalized protein nitrogen appearance were independent factors of both actuarial patient survival and technique survival. For every 0.1 unit higher peritoneal Kt/V, relative mortality risk was 0.94 (95% Cl 0.89 - 0.99, p = 0.03). When prevalent and new CAPD cases were analyzed separately, peritoneal Kt/V predicted survival only for prevalent CAPD patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that, in prevalent CAPD patients with relatively low levels of peritoneal clearance and residual renal function, a higher peritoneal Kt/V is associated with better survival. Peritoneal clearance below 1.6-1.7 likely has a major detrimental effect on the clinical outcome of CAPD patients with little residual renal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China. ccszeto@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: Cheuk-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Szeto
authors.forename: Teresa Yuk-Hwa
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Kai-Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Chow
authors.forename: Chi-Bon
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Man-Ching
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Philip Kam-Tao
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000206:Actuarial Analysis; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000401:mortality*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors