title: Search for poliovirus long-term excretors among patients affected by agammaglobulinemia.
abstract: Patients with agammaglobulinemia may excrete enteroviruses, including vaccine-derived poliovirus, for prolonged periods of time. This poses a risk to the patients but it also may pose a risk to the population after eradication of poliovirus and the cessation of routine vaccination. To assess this risk, a pilot study was performed to identify potential poliovirus long-term excretors in a cohort of 38 patients with a definite/presumptive diagnosis of X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA). Stool samples were analyzed to detect any polio or other enteroviruses replicating in the gut and neutralizing antibodies against polioviruses were measured in the sera. No viruses were isolated from the stool samples and most sera had neutralizing antibody levels against all three poliovirus serotypes considered by the WHO to be protective in immunocompetent individuals. This suggests that long-term excretion of enteroviruses in patients with agammaglobulinemia is relatively uncommon.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, 00161, Italy. fiore@iss.it
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fiore
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plebani
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Buttinelli
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fiore
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Donati
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marturano
authors.forename: Annarosa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soresina
authors.forename: Baldassarre
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Martire
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Azzari
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nigro
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cardinale
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trizzino
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pignata
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alvisi
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Anastasio
authors.forename: Grazia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bossi
authors.forename: Alberto G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ugazio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000361:Agammaglobulinemia / Q000821:virology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002353:Carrier State; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000276:immunology; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral