title: CT brain findings in clinical dementia investigation--underestimation of mixed dementia.
abstract: Dementia has been found to display a more heterogeneous clinical picture than previously recognized. We investigated brain changes on computed tomography (CT) in a clinical dementia population consisting of 67 cases with Alzheimer's disease (AD), 13 with mixed dementia (AD and vascular dementia, VaD), 71 with VaD, and 12 cases that were not demented. Temporal cortical atrophy and atrophy around the temporal horns were more common in patients with mixed dementia compared to patients with VaD and the non-demented, respectively. Frontal white matter changes were present in 64% of AD, in 85% of mixed dementia and in 79% of VaD cases, but there were no differences between the dementia groups. Lacunes were present in almost 40% of AD cases and in 80 and 85% of VaD and mixed dementia cases, respectively. Only 14% of the VaD cases had large infarcts on the CT. We conclude that large infarcts were rare, even in VaD cases. The increased incidence of white matter changes and lacunes in AD patients strongly indicates an underestimation of the mixed dementia diagnosis. More distinct criteria for this diagnostic category are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Linköping University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden. Katarina.Nagga@lio.se
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nägga
authors.forename: Claes
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rådberg
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marcusson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001284:Atrophy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D003704:Dementia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D016231:Fluorescence Polarization Immunoassay; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D006710:Homocysteine