title: The BATINTREC process for reclaiming used batteries.
abstract: The Integrated Battery Recycling (BATINTREC) process is an innovative technology for the recycling of used batteries and electronic waste, which combines vacuum metallurgical reprocessing and a ferrite synthesis process. Vacuum metallurgical reprocessing can be used to reclaim the mercury (Hg) in the dry batteries and the cadmium (Cd) in the Ni-Cd batteries. The ferrite synthesis process reclaims the other heavy metals by synthesizing ferrite in a liquid phase. Mixtures of manganese oxide and carbon black are also produced in the ferrite synthesis process. The effluent from the process is recycled, thus significantly minimizing its discharge. The heavy metal contents of the effluent could meet the Integrated Wastewater Discharge Standard of China if the ratio of the crushed battery scrap and powder to FeSO4.7H2O is set at 1:6. This process could not only stabilize the heavy metals, but also recover useful resource from the waste.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science & Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, PR China.
authors.forename: Yue-qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Guo-jian
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004581:Electronics; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control; D006256:Hazardous Waste; D008669:Metallurgy; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D013672:Technology / Q000639:trends*; D014618:Vacuum
chemical_list: D006256:Hazardous Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy