title: Failure to eradicate ovine footrot associated with Dichelobacter nodosus strain A198 by repeated daily footbathing in zinc sulphate with surfactant.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of repeated daily footbathing in zinc sulphate on virulent ovine footrot associated with S1, U1 and U5 zymogram types of Dichelobacter nodosus, including the highly virulent S1 strain A198.
  
  
  METHODS
  A field trial with experimentally infected sheep.
  
  
  METHODS
  At week 0, 50 sheep were infected with D. nodosus strains A198 (S1), C305 (U1), BC3993 (U5) and BC3995 (U5). At weeks 1 and 47, respectively, 169 and 235 uninfected sheep were added. At week 60, sheep were allocated to control and treatment groups each containing 220 sheep. Every 2 or 4 weeks to week 113, feet were inspected, and lesions were scored and sampled. Treatment sheep were footbathed in 15 to 18% (w/v) zinc sulphate with surfactant for 5 consecutive days (10 min per day) during week 61. During week 110, the footbathing protocol was applied again, this time to all surviving treatment and control sheep.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BC3993 and A198 were isolated from 57% (162 of 285) and 20% (58 of 285), respectively, of new lesions sampled between weeks 3 and 13, and 21% (57 of 271) and 50% (136 of 271) between weeks 49 and 59. Percentages of new lesions associated with C305 and BC3995 remained constant. During the initial 17 weeks after footbathing at week 61, 90% (75 of 83) and 19% (95 of 490) of lesions in treatment and control sheep, respectively, were score 4 or 5, and 94% (47 of 50) and 38% (33 of 87) of those were associated with A198.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Repeated daily footbathing did not eradicate virulent ovine footrot because strain A198 produced deep, covert lesions that facilitated the survival of D. nodosus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agriculture, PO Box 1231, Bunbury, Western Australia 6230.
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Jelinek
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Depiazzi
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D001494:Baths; D020376:Dichelobacter nodosus / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005535:Foot Rot / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017211:Treatment Failure; D019287:Zinc Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D019287:Zinc Sulfate