title: Urological and surgical complications in 362 consecutive living related donor kidney transplantations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to review retrospectively the surgical and urological complications encountered in 362 cases of living related donor kidney transplantations (LRDTs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1983 and 2002, 362 consecutive LRDTs were performed at our institution. The urological and surgical complications were determined in these cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, urological and surgical complications were encountered in 57 (15.7%) of the renal transplants. Of the 362 patients, urological complications were detected in 29 of them (8.01%), including 5 urinary fistula (with 1 distal ureteral necrosis), 2 ureteric stenosis, 1 renal calculi, 8 symptomatic vesicoureteral reflux and 13 lymphocele requiring intervention. Vascular complications were developed in 5 patients such as renal vein thrombus in 1 and renal arterial stenosis in 4 cases. Wound infection was detected in 6 patients. Fourteen patients underwent surgical explorations due to perinephric hematoma during the early postoperative period. Renal allograft rupture due to accelerated rejection was developed in 2 cases. A lower segmental arterial injury occurred in 1 patient during the operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LRDT is an important treatment alternative for patients with end-stage renal disease. Many complications may occur after renal transplantations. Our rate of complications is within the range of the current literature. After a modification of our surgical technique, as not dissecting the external iliac artery, the number of lymphoceles has decreased dramatically and with using ureteric stents, we detected a significant decrease in urinary complication rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medical Faculty of Istanbul, Istanbul University, Turkey. tkocak@tnn.net
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koçak
authors.forename: Ismet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nane
authors.forename: Haluk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ander
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ziylan
authors.forename: Tayfun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oktar
authors.forename: Cavit
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozsoy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*