title: Evaluation of immunisation coverage for aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children using the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate immunisation coverage for routinely administered vaccines among children using receipt of a particular Hib vaccine (PRP-OMP) as a proxy for Indigenous status.
  
  
  METHODS
  Until May 2000, PRP-OMP was provided only for Indigenous children in all jurisdictions except the Northern Territory. In three one-year ACIR-derived birth cohorts, any child recorded on the ACIR as receiving one or more doses of PRP-OMP as the only Hib vaccine was presumed to be Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander. Using this proxy, estimated numbers of Indigenous children were compared with Australian Bureau of Statistics estimates, and immunisation status for recommended vaccines was estimated at 12 and 24 months by jurisdiction and remoteness compared with children who received other Hib vaccines (presumed non-Indigenous).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The numbers of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children estimated using this 'proxy method' are approximately 42% of those estimated by the ABS. Immunisation coverage (among proxy Indigenous children) at 12 months (72-76%) and 24 months (64-73%) was considerably lower than others (90-94% and 81-88%, respectively). These children had significantly lower coverage when living in accessible areas than remote areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide the first national measure of immunisation status and are likely to be a valid measure among those identified. Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander immunisation coverage is 17% lower with the biggest gaps in urban areas, indicating the need for better quality data informing appropriate interventions.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Immunisation Research and Surveillance of Vaccine Preventable Diseases, Children's Hospital at Westmead, New South Wales. brynleyh@chw.edu.au
authors.forename: Brynley P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Hull
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: McIntyre
authors.forename: Sophia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Couzos
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D016667:Bacterial Capsules; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003140:Communicable Disease Control / Q000379:methods; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007223:Infant; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012042:Registries; D019035:Rural Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; C044237:Haemophilus influenzae type b polysaccharide vaccine; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial