title: Infrared laser heterodyne systems.
abstract: This paper gives a review of mid-infrared laser heterodyne systems. The advantages of using heterodyne detection are described and the different techniques corresponding to the choice of the local oscillator are presented. A thorough discussion of the gas laser heterodyne systems is followed by the presentation of tunable diode laser systems capabilities. Many experiments in the mid-infrared region are reviewed covering the astronomical and atmospheric, ground-based and airborne investigations as well as the laboratory measurements.
authors.affiliation: Groupe de Spectrométrie Moléculaire et Atmosphérique, UMR CNRS 6089, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687 Reims Cedex 2, France. bertrand.parvitte@univ-reims.fr
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Parvitte
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zéninari
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thiébeaux
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delahaigue
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Courtois
mesh_terms: D001272:Atmosphere; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry; D018534:Earth, Planet; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D005740:Gases; D007259:Infrared Rays; D007834:Lasers; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009991:Oscillometry; D012666:Semiconductors; D012984:Software; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005740:Gases; D002245:Carbon Dioxide