title: Depletion of circulating insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 after open surgery is associated with high interleukin-6 levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have previously shown that plasma from open, but not laparoscopic-assisted, surgery patients has increased mitogenic activity for colon cancer cells. Decreased insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 levels, most likely the result of an open surgery-induced proteolytic activity, may account for this finding. Plasma proteases are activated by interleukin-6. This study was designed to investigate plasma insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 and interleukin-6 levels after major open or laparoscopic-assisted surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  EDTA plasma was obtained from 24 patients undergoing resection for colonic adenocarcinoma. Insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 was detected by Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Interleukin-6 levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The effect of insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 on tumor growth was tested using HCT116 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients undergoing open surgery, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay revealed a significant decrease in total insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 levels on postoperative Day 1 (915.6 +/- 378.5 ng/ml) compared with preoperative levels (1267.5 +/- 407.9 ng/ml; P < 0.001). Western blots revealed a decrease in the levels of intact insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3. In patients undergoing laparoscopic-assisted surgery, levels of total and intact insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 before surgery (1088.9 +/- 232.5 ng/ml) and on postoperative Day 1 (1,202.3 +/- 285.6 ng/ml) were comparable with no significant changes in Western blot analysis. Interleukin-6 levels were undetectable preoperatively. On postoperative Day 1, interleukin-6 concentration was higher in open surgery group (434.8 +/- 506.6 pg/ml) compared with laparoscopic-assisted surgery group (100.9 +/- 60.2 pg/ml; P < 0.0001), and correlated significantly with a decrease in plasma insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 after open surgery (r = 0.81; P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A significant decrease in both total and free insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 occurs after open but not laparoscopic colectomy. There is an associated increase in the levels of interleukin-6. It remains to be proven that the interleukin-6 elevations are responsible for the low insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 level seen after open surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, New York, New York 10032, USA. ik139@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kirman
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Poltaratskaia
authors.forename: Vesna
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cekic
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Forde
authors.forename: Parswa
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boulay
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Whelan
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003082:Colectomy; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D015850:Interleukin-6; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins