title: HIV infection and human herpesvirus-8 oral shedding among men who have sex with men.
abstract: Human herpesvirus-8 (HHV-8) is frequently detected in oropharyngeal secretions from HIV-infected men who have sex with men (MSM), and contact with saliva may be an important mode of HHV-8 transmission. A total of 196 MSM were followed over 2 years to determine the correlates of HHV-8 oropharyngeal shedding. A total of 134 (68%) of 196 participants were HHV-8 seropositive upon enrollment, and 9 (15%) of 62 participants seroconverted to HHV-8 during follow-up. HHV-8 DNA was detected in 43 (22%) of 196 participants: 39 (27%) of 134 HHV-8 seropositive, 4 (8%) of 53 HHV-8 seronegative, and 5 (56%) of 9 seroconverters to HHV-8. HHV-8 was detected in 101 (15%) of 696 total oral specimens: 84 (17%) of 481 samples from HHV-8-seropositive men, 6 (3%) of 180 samples from HHV-8-seronegative men, and 11 (31%) of 35 samples from seroconverters. Using adjusted marginal structural models, HHV-8 shedding was higher in men not receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (odds ratio 2.4, 95% CI 1.0-6.0, P = 0.06), with CD4 counts > 200 cells/mm (odds ratio 4.8, 95% CI 1.0-22.8, P = 0.05), or with detectable oral leukocyte esterase (odds ratio 5.0, 95% CI 2.0-12.5, P < 0.01). CD4 count, antiretroviral therapy, and oral inflammation may influence HHV-8 oropharyngeal shedding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, The University of Washington, Seattle 98122, USA. ccasper@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Corey
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casper
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Redman
authors.forename: Meei-Li
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pauk
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lampinen
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hawes
authors.forename: Cathy W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Critchlow
authors.forename: Rhoda Ashley
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corey
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kiviat
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001483:Base Sequence; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D017931:DNA Primers; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000145:classification / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019288:Herpesvirus 8, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D006716:Homosexuality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009055:Mouth / Q000821:virology*; D009960:Oropharynx / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000379:methods; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017931:DNA Primers; D012367:RNA, Viral