title: Sevoflurane inhibits angiotensin II-induced, protein kinase c-mediated but not Ca2+-elicited contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Whether volatile anesthetics attenuate angiotensin II-mediated vascular tone has not been determined. The current study was designed to investigate the effects of sevoflurane on the angiotensin II-stimulated, Ca2+- and protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The dose-dependent effects of sevoflurane on angiotensin II (10 m)-induced contraction, the increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and PKC phosphorylation of rat aortic smooth muscle were measured using an isometric force transducer, a fluorometer, and Western blotting, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Angiotensin II induced a transient increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration, phosphorylation of Ca2+-dependent PKC (cPKC)-alpha, and consequently, a transient contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle. Phosphorylation of the Ca2+-independent PKC-epsilon was not detected. The angiotensin II-induced contraction was almost completely abolished by removing extracellular Ca2+ and was significantly inhibited by the selective cPKC inhibitor Gö 6976 (10 M) but was not inhibited by the nonselective PKC inhibitor Ro 31-8425 (10 M). Sevoflurane dose-dependently inhibited the angiotensin II-induced contraction, with reductions of 14.2 +/- 5.2% (P > 0.05), 26.7 +/- 8.9% (P < 0.05), and 38.5 +/- 12.8% (P < 0.01) (n = 10) in response to 1.7, 3.4, and 5.1% sevoflurane, respectively. The angiotensin II-elicited increase in intracellular Ca2+ concentration was not significantly influenced by 3.4, 5.1, or 8.5% sevoflurane. However, cPKC-alpha phosphorylation induced by angiotensin II was inhibited dose dependently by 1.7, 3.4, and 5.1% sevoflurane, with depressions of 20.5 +/- 14.2% (P > 0.05), 37.0 +/- 17.8% (P < 0.05), and 62.5 +/- 12.2% (P < 0.01) (n = 4), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study indicates that Ca2+ and cPKC-alpha are involved in angiotensin II-induced vascular contraction. Sevoflurane dose-dependently inhibited the angiotensin II-stimulated, cPKC-mediated but not Ca2+-elicited contraction of rat aortic smooth muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama City, Japan.
authors.forename: Jingui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokinaga
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Shizue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwahashi
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hatano
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D002118:Calcium