title: [Enhancement of antioxidant capability of cancer patients during chemotherapy by reduced glutathione].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is unknown how administration of reduced glutathione (GSH) affects chemotherapy of cancer patients. This study was designed to investigate the effect of GSH on lipid peroxidation, and activities of antioxidant enzyme among cancer patients with chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two cancer patients with chemotherapy were enrolled randomly into AB or BA group in cross-over pattern. In AB group, combination of chemotherapy and GSH was administrated first, then following chemotherapy alone was given 21 or 28 days later. In group BA, chemotherapy alone was administrated first, then the combination therapy was given. Duration of chemotherapy was 2-5 days, 21-28 days for a cycle, depended on chemotherapy strategies. GSH was given as a 15 minute intravenous infusion at the dose of 1 500 mgx(m(2)xd)(-1) for 7 days from day 1. Serum samples were collected from the patients on the day just before the chemotherapy, the 7(th) day, and the 21(st) (if 21 days per cycle of the chemotherapy) or 28(th) day of treatment. Concentration of malondialdehyde (MDA), activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) of serum samples were analyzed biochemically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1)Administration of chemotherapy significantly increased serum MDA level on the 7(th) day compared with that before chemotherapy (mean+/-SD,6.12+/-1.94 micromol/L versus 4.63+/-1.87 micromol/L,P< 0.01). The increased serum MDA level was restored partially (5.05+/-2.07)micromol/L on the 21(th) or 28(th) day, but still higher than that before chemotherapy (P< 0.05). (2)Serum activity of T-SOD and GSH-Px decreased on the 7(th) day (P< 0.01) and restored partially on the 21(th) or 28th day, but still lower than that before chemotherapy (T-SOD, P< 0.05;GSH-Px,P< 0.01).(3)Co-treatment of GSH prevents lipid peroxidation and depletion of antioxidant enzymes by chemotherapy partially but significantly (P< 0.01). (4)Similar results were obtained in both AB group and BA group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chemotherapy depletes antioxidant capability of cancer patients and co- treatment of GSH might prevent such depletion.
authors.affiliation: Peking University School of Oncology and Beijing Institute for Cancer Research, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing, 100036, PR China. zhubd@163.net.cn
authors.forename: Bu-Dong
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qi-Cheng
authors.initials: QC
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiao-Lei
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione