title: Efficacy and safety of adalimumab as monotherapy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis for whom previous disease modifying antirheumatic drug treatment has failed.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of monotherapy with adalimumab in patients with RA for whom previous DMARD treatment has failed.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a 26 week, double blind, placebo controlled, phase III trial, 544 patients with RA were randomised to monotherapy with adalimumab 20 mg every other week, 20 mg weekly, 40 mg every other week, 40 mg weekly, or placebo. The primary efficacy end point was > or =20% improvement in the ACR core criteria (ACR20 response). Secondary efficacy end points included ACR50, ACR70, EULAR responses, and the Disability Index of the Health Assessment Questionnaire (HAQ DI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 26 weeks, patients treated with adalimumab 20 mg every other week, 20 mg weekly, 40 mg every other week, and 40 mg weekly had significantly better response rates than those treated with placebo: ACR20 (35.8%, 39.3%, 46.0%, 53.4%, respectively v 19.1%; p< or =0.01); ACR50 (18.9%, 20.5%, 22.1%, 35.0% v 8.2%; p< or =0.05); ACR70 (8.5%, 9.8%, 12.4%, 18.4% v 1.8%; p< or =0.05). Moderate EULAR response rates were significantly greater with adalimumab than with placebo (41.5%, 48.2%, 55.8%, 63.1% v 26.4%; p< or =0.05). Patients treated with adalimumab achieved better improvements in mean HAQ DI than those receiving placebo (-0.29, -0.39, -0.38, -0.49 v -0.07; p< or =0.01). No significant differences were found between adalimumab and placebo treated patients for serious adverse events, serious infections, or malignancies. Injection site reaction occurred in 10.6% and 0.9% of adalimumab and placebo treated patients, respectively (p< or =0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among patients with RA for whom previous DMARD treatment had failed, adalimumab monotherapy achieved significant, rapid, and sustained improvements in disease activity and improved physical function and was safe and well tolerated.
authors.affiliation: University of Nijmegen, The Netherlands. annrheumdis.edoff@worldonline.nl
authors.forename: L B A
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: van de Putte
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Atkins
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malaise
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sany
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: P L C M
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: van Riel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Settas
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Bijlsma
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Todesco
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dougados
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nash
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Emery
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Walter
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fischkoff
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kupper
mesh_terms: D000068879:Adalimumab; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D000068879:Adalimumab