title: Effect of short-term weight loss on the metabolic syndrome and conduit vascular endothelial function in overweight adults.
abstract: Impaired vascular endothelial function may be an important mechanism linking obesity to increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated whether short-term weight loss improves conduit artery endothelial dysfunction in overweight adults. Forty-three otherwise healthy overweight patients with a body mass index > or =27 kg/m(2) completed an open-label 3-month trial consisting of a calorie-restricted diet and 120 mg of orlistat taken 3 times daily with meals. Endothelial function and parameters of the metabolic syndrome were measured before and after intervention. Subjects lost 6.6 +/- 3.4% of their body weight. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein concentration, fasting insulin, and leptin decreased significantly (all p <0.009), and C-reactive protein decreased (p = 0.22). Conduit vascular function did not change as assessed by flow-mediated dilation (3.86 +/- 3.54 vs 3.74 +/- 3.78%, p = 0.86) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (17.18 +/- 5.89 vs 18.87 +/- 7.11%, p = 0.13) of the brachial artery. A moderate degree of weight reduction over 3 months improved the metabolic syndrome profile but not the vascular dysfunction associated with uncomplicated obesity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. robdbrok@umich.edu
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Brook
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bard
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Glazewski
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kehrer
authors.forename: Peter F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Bodary
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Eitzman
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rajagopalan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007783:Lactones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000628:therapy*; D000077403:Orlistat; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D007783:Lactones; D020738:Leptin; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000077403:Orlistat