title: Does enhancing partner support and interaction improve smoking cessation? A meta-analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We wanted to determine whether an intervention to enhance partner support helps as an adjunct to a smoking cessation program.
  
  
  METHODS
  We undertook a meta-analysis of English-language, randomized controlled trials of smoking cessation interventions through July 2002 using the following data sources: Cochrane Tobacco Addiction Group specialized register, Cochrane controlled trials register, CDC Tobacco Information and Prevention Database, MEDLINE, Cancer Lit, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, ERIC, PsycLIT, Dissertation Abstracts, SSCI and HealthSTAR, with reviews of bibliographies of included articles. Included were trials that assessed a partner support component with a minimum follow-up of 6 months. The outcomes measured were abstinence and biochemical assessment at 6 to 9 months and more than 12 months after treatment. Partner Interaction Questionnaire scores were primary and secondary outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine studies (31 articles) met inclusion criteria. Partner definition varied among studies. All studies included self-reported smoking cessation rates, but there was limited biochemical validation of abstinence. For self-reported abstinence at 6 to 9 months after treatment, the Peto odds ratio (OR) = 1.08 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.81-1.44) and at 12 months Peto OR = 1.0 (95% CI, 0.75-1.34). Sensitivity analysis of studies using live-in, married, and equivalent-to-married partners found a higher odds ratio at 6 to 9 months after treatment, Peto OR = 1.64 (95% CI, 0.5-4.64). Sensitivity analysis of studies reporting significant increases in partner support found at 6 to 9 months after treatment Peto OR = 1.83 (95% CI, 0.9-3.47); and at 12 months Peto OR = 1.22 (95% CI, 0.67-2.23).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventions to enhance partner support showed the most promise for clinical practice when implemented with live-in, married, and equivalent-to-married partners. Such interventions should focus on enhancing supportive behaviors, while minimizing behaviors critical of smoking.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Dankook University Hospital, Chungnam, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eal-Whan
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tudiver
authors.forename: Jennifer K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology*; D012944:Social Support; D018454:Spouses