title: Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups. XVIII. Factors predictive of poor compliance with study visits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the baseline factors predictive of poor compliance with study visits in a longitudinal multiethnic lupus cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (n = 344) representing a total of 2,069 potential study visits were studied. Of the participants, 24.4% were Hispanic, 43.3% African American, and 32.3% Caucasian. Noncompliance was defined as missing 2 or more study visits. For the purpose of these analyses, visits completed only by review of medical records were considered missing. Baseline socioeconomic-demographic, clinical, and psychosocial features between compliant and noncompliant patients were compared. Variables with P < 0.10 were then entered into a multivariable logistic regression analysis with compliance being the dependent variable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 178 compliant and 166 noncompliant patients. Noncompliant patients were more likely to be young, unmarried, of African American ethnicity, live closer to the medical centers, and have longer disease duration and greater disease activity as assessed by the physician than the compliant patients. In the multivariable model, longer disease duration (P = 0.010), higher level of disease activity (P = 0.009), and shorter distance to travel to study visits (P = 0.046) were predictors of noncompliance; their odds ratios and confidence intervals were below 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have identified baseline patient characteristics that may predict noncompliance with study visits (disease duration, disease activity, and distance to the medical center). This information will serve as the basis for developing interventions to curtail noncompliance. Our data may have applicability in other lupus cohort studies.
authors.affiliation: The University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA.
authors.forename: América G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Uribe
authors.forename: Graciela S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Alarcón
authors.forename: Martha L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Sanchez
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McGwin
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sandoval
authors.forename: Barri J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Fessler
authors.forename: Holly M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Bastian
authors.forename: Alan W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Bruce A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Baethge
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Reveille
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016312:Treatment Refusal; D044465:White People