title: Association of serum interleukin-8 with virologic response to antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Upregulation of interleukin-8 by the hepatitis C virus non-structural-5A-protein leads to inhibition of the antiviral activity of interferon-alpha in vitro. The clinical significance of interleukin-8 levels for virologic response to interferon-alpha-based treatment in patients with chronic hepatitis C is unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated serum interleukin-8 in 59 healthy controls and 214 patients with chronic hepatitis C (genotype 1, n=152; genotype 2, 3, n=62) and different outcome to interferon-alpha-based therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with chronic hepatitis C higher interleukin-8 levels were observed compared with healthy controls (P<0.0001). Hepatitis C genotype 1-infected patients with early and overall virologic response to interferon-alpha-based therapy showed lower interleukin-8 levels than non-responders (P=0.025 and P=0.035, respectively). In all patients, elevated interleukin-8 levels were associated with cirrhosis (genotype 1, P=0.0003; genotype 2, 3, P=0.009). Interleukin-8 levels in sustained virologic responders were still higher 24 weeks after the end-of-therapy compared with healthy controls (P<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In genotype 1 infected patients, low pretreatment serum interleukin-8 is associated with virologic response to interferon-alpha-based therapy. Thus, the conclusion from in vitro studies that the upregulation of interleukin-8 by the hepatitis C virus contributes to the inhibition of the antiviral actions of interferon-alpha may also be applicable in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätskliniken des Saarlandes, Kirrberger Strasse, D-66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mihm
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Herrmann
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sarrazin
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Wagner
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kronenberger
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zeuzem
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sarrazin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D016209:Interleukin-8; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; C087036:NS-5 protein, hepatitis C virus; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a