title: Cold-adapted strain of avian pneumovirus as a vaccine in one-day-old turkeys and the effect of inoculation routes.
abstract: To determine the optimum route of vaccination, we inoculated 1-day-old turkeys with a cold-adapted strain of avian pneumovirus (APV) by oculonasal, oral, or aerosol route. Another two groups served as nonvaccinated-challenged and nonvaccinated-nonchallenged groups. Birds in all vaccinated and nonvaccinated-challenged groups were challenged with virulent APV 3 wk postvaccination. After challenge, no vaccinated bird developed clinical signs or virus shedding, whereas nonvaccinated-challenged birds developed clinical signs (clinical score = 11.2/bird) and shed virus from their choanal cleft. Birds in all three vaccinated groups seroconverted at 3 wk postvaccination. The nonvaccinated-nonchallenged group remained free of clinical signs and virus shedding and did not develop APV antibodies throughout the course of the study. These results suggest that this cold-adapted strain of APV is safe and effective in 1-day-old turkeys when given by any of the three routes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Diagnostic Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, 1333 Gortner Avenue, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
authors.forename: Devi P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Patnayak
authors.forename: Sagar M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Goyal
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005123:Eye; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012449:Safety; D014422:Turkeys; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines