title: Long-term lowering of plasma cholesterol levels in LDL-receptor-deficient WHHL rabbits by gene therapy.
abstract: Lentiviral vectors encoding rabbit low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) or green fluorescent protein (GFP) under the control of a liver-specific promoter (LSP) were used for intraportal gene transfer into the liver of hypercholesterolemic LDLR-deficient Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic rabbits. In vitro cell culture analysis demonstrated functionality of the LSP-LDLR vector in mediating increased degradation of LDL in transduced liver cells. Twenty-five rabbits were each injected with 1 x 10(9) infectious virus particles into the portal vein. Liver biopsy samples were collected 4 weeks after the gene transfer and the rabbits were followed up for 2 years. Histological and RT-PCR analyses showed the expression of GFP and LDLR transgenes in the biopsy samples. Clinical chemistry and histological analyses revealed normal liver function and morphology during the 2-year follow-up with no safety issues. LSP-LDLR-treated rabbits demonstrated an average of 14 +/- 7% decrease in serum cholesterol levels during the first 4 weeks, 44 +/- 8% decrease at 1 year, and 34 +/- 10% decrease at the 2-year time point compared to the control rabbits. This study demonstrates the safety and potential benefits of the third-generation liver-specific lentiviral vectors in the treatment of familial hypercholesterolemia using direct intraportal liver gene therapy without the need for liver resection.
authors.affiliation: A. I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine, University of Kuopio, Neulaniementie 2, FIN-70210 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Hanna M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kankkonen
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vähäkangas
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Marr
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pakkanen
authors.forename: Anniina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laurema
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leppänen
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jalkanen
authors.forename: Inder M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ylä-Herttuala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016086:Lentivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008957:Models, Genetic; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011817:Rabbits; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D019076:Transgenes
chemical_list: D011973:Receptors, LDL; D002784:Cholesterol