title: Differential activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 in B cells from allergic children and their non-allergic siblings.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The germline (GL) epsilon promoter is regulated by IL-4 and is essential for class switching to IgE. IL-4-induced gene expression is largely mediated through activation of latent transcription factor STAT6 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 6).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether increased levels of IgE in allergic individuals may be associated with alteration in the level or activation of STAT6 and subsequent increase in GL epsilon promoter activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Electrophoretic mobility shift assay and Western blotting assays were used to investigate the level of expression and activation of STAT6 in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed B cell lines from children with birch pollen allergy and their non-allergic siblings. The activity of the GL epsilon promoter was tested in a transient transfection assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  STAT6 was expressed at the same level in all B cell lines tested. In two out of five sibling pairs STAT6 was activated by IL-4 more efficiently in the allergic individuals but in the three other pairs the opposite was found. In transient transfections, no difference in IL-4-induced GL epsilon promoter function was detected, although basal promoter activity varied between allergic and healthy siblings in two out of five pairs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrate for the first time that upon IL-4 signalling STAT6 transcription factor activation differs in B cells from different individuals. Although we did not find any association between STAT6 activation and allergy, we do not exclude a possibility that stronger activation of this transcription factor is associated with an expression of allergic phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Deveikaite
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fila
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laurencikiene
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kihlström
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lilja
authors.forename: E Sverremark
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Ekström
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Severinson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D029662:Betula / Q000276:immunology; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D017578:Immunoglobulin Class Switching / Q000276:immunology; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007139:Immunoglobulin epsilon-Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011058:Pollen / Q000276:immunology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007139:Immunoglobulin epsilon-Chains; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; C494101:STAT6 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007073:Immunoglobulin E