title: Fine needle aspiration cytology of epithelioid angiosarcoma. Report of a case with nuclear grooves and indentations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiosarcoma, because of its rarity and histologic diversity, has been a persistent challenge to cytopathologists. Epithelioid angiosarcomas are often confused with carcinomas, melanomas and other epithelioid sarcomas, both cytologically and histologically. Here we report the cytopathologic features of a case of epithelioid angiosarcoma with prominent nuclear grooves.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 61-year-old male visited the hospital with a neck mass. On fine needle aspiration the hypercellular smear, with a lymphocytic bloody background, showed variable-sized, round to oval, pleomorphic cells with frequent nuclear grooves, indentations and plump cytoplasm. The cells were diffusely scattered or loosely aggregated, with occasional acinar and cell-in-cell configuration. The case was diagnosed as epithelioid angiosarcoma on excisional biopsy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whenever fine needle aspiration cytology, especially in the head and neck area, suggests malignancy composed predominantly of epithelioid cells, epithelioid angiosarcoma should be considered. The differential diagnosis should include metastatic tumors, such as carcinoma, melanoma and primary sarcoma. Nuclear grooves and indentations are 1 of the important diagnostic features of epithelioid angiosarcoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 28 Yongon-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, South Korea.
authors.forename: Yoon Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Jeon
authors.forename: Hwal Woong
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: In Ae
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology*; D006394:Hemangiosarcoma / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009372:Neoplasms, Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D040521:Subcutaneous Tissue / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor