title: Addition of dermoscopy to conventional naked-eye examination in melanoma screening: a randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to assess the difference in lesion management between combined examination (naked-eye and dermoscopy) and conventional naked-eye examination in evaluations for melanoma; and to assess the impact on patient treatment of facilities for digital follow-up of diagnostically equivocal lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a randomized, controlled trial at a pigmented lesion clinic in a university hospital. A total of 938 consecutive subjects presenting between November 1, 2001, and March 31, 2002, were eligible and 25 were excluded because they were younger than 12 years of age; hence 913 subjects were enrolled. Participants were randomized to combined examination with mandatory excision of equivocal lesion (arm B) and with possibility of digital follow-up according to the clinician's decision (arm C), or to conventional naked-eye examination (mandatory excision of equivocal lesion) (arm A). The same pigmented lesion clinic staff examined all subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Combined examination determined a significant reduction in the percentage of patients referred for operation (9.0% vs 15.6%) (P =.013). When facilities for digital follow-up of equivocal lesions were available, the percentage of patients classified as harboring lesions difficult to diagnose increased (group C, 35.8%; group B, 17.8%; P <.01). About half of them were immediately referred for operation whereas the remainder submitted to second examination (digital follow-up). Two melanomas (1 in situ and 1 invasive, 0.40-mm thick) were diagnosed after second examination performed 6 months later. The number of melanomas eventually excised within the study were similar among the 3 allocation groups (3, 2, and 3, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  the addition of dermoscopy to conventional naked-eye examination is associated with a significant reduction of number of pigmented skin lesions excised for diagnostic verification. The possibility of digital follow-up of equivocal lesions is associated with a not negligible occurrence of initial melanomas left unexcised until the second consultation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. CARLI@unifi.it
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carli
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de Giorgi
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chiarugi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nardini
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Weinstock
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Crocetti
authors.forename: Marcello
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stante
authors.forename: Benvenuto
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Giannotti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008853:Microscopy; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery