Effect of short-term weight loss on the metabolic syndrome and conduit vascular endothelial function in overweight adults.
Impaired vascular endothelial function may be an important mechanism linking obesity to increased cardiovascular risk. We investigated whether short-term weight loss improves conduit artery endothelial dysfunction in overweight adults. Forty-three otherwise healthy overweight patients with a body mass index > or =27 kg/m(2) completed an open-label 3-month trial consisting of a calorie-restricted diet and 120 mg of orlistat taken 3 times daily with meals. Endothelial function and parameters of the metabolic syndrome were measured before and after intervention. Subjects lost 6.6 +/- 3.4% of their body weight. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein concentration, fasting insulin, and leptin decreased significantly (all p <0.009), and C-reactive protein decreased (p = 0.22). Conduit vascular function did not change as assessed by flow-mediated dilation (3.86 +/- 3.54 vs 3.74 +/- 3.78%, p = 0.86) and nitroglycerin-mediated dilation (17.18 +/- 5.89 vs 18.87 +/- 7.11%, p = 0.13) of the brachial artery. A moderate degree of weight reduction over 3 months improved the metabolic syndrome profile but not the vascular dysfunction associated with uncomplicated obesity.
Brook
Robert D
RD
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA. robdbrok@umich.edu
Bard
Robert L
RL
Glazewski
Lynn
L
Kehrer
Christine
C
Bodary
Peter F
PF
Eitzman
Daniel L
DL
Rajagopalan
Sanjay
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007783:Lactones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000628:therapy*; D000077403:Orlistat; D015431:Weight Loss
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D007328:Insulin; D007783:Lactones; D020738:Leptin; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000077403:Orlistat