title: [Potentiation of focal ultrasound treatment of prostate adenocarcinoma by concomitant chemotherapy with estramustine phosphate and paclitaxel].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To demonstrate a synergistic action between high intensity focal ultrasound (HIFU) and combination chemotherapy with paclitaxel and estramustine phosphate (EMP) on a prostate cancer model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animal model used in this study was the Copenhagen rat and the tumour model is a Dunning R 3327-AT 2 hormone-independent prostatic adenocarcinoma cell line. Chemotherapy was administered once a week for 4 weeks according to 2 modalities: low-dose with paclitaxel 2 mg/kg/day, 1 day per week and EMP 50 mg/kg/day, 3 days per week; or high-dose with paclitaxel 3 mg/kg/day, 1 day per week and EMP 75 mg/kg/day, 3 days per week. Treatment with HIFU was performed at the second week and only 55% of the tumour volume was treated. The study was conducted on 42 rats divided into 6 arms: Control, HIFU, low-dose paclitaxel-EMP, high-dose paclitaxel-EMP, HIFU + low-dose paclitaxel-EMP and HIFU + high-dose paclitaxel-EMP. Study endpoints were the course of tumour volume and animal survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After two weeks of treatment, a statistically significant difference for tumour volume was observed between the various arms of the study (p < 0.0001). The HIFU-chemotherapy arm and, to a lesser degree, the chemotherapy only arm, presented the lowest tumour progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of HIFU + paclitaxel-EMP is more effective than treatment with HIFU alone or paclitaxel-EMP alone on growth of the Dunning tumour, right from the first weeks of treatment.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Urologie et de Chirurgie de la transplantation rénale et pancréatique, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France. paparelphilippe@aol.com
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paparel
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chapelon
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Curiel
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rabilloud
authors.forename: Sabrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chesnais
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gelet
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004961:Estramustine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004961:Estramustine; D017239:Paclitaxel