title: Sunless tanning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Americans continue to desire and pursue the tan. Recent data indicate continued high incidence of sunburn and ultraviolet tanning despite public health skin cancer prevention messages. The rising popularity of recently available sunless tanning booths prompted this review.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To present an overview of the history of sunless tanning and the sunless tanning booth industry, and to describe the current availability and safety practices of sunless tanning booth providers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The current literature and internet resources were reviewed. Phone surveys of 300 businesses were conducted in July, 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sunless tanning services were offered by 43% (39/90) of businesses with tanning services of any type. Sunless tanning booths were the most commonly offered sunless tanning application modality. The safety precautions most commonly offered to sunless tanning customers were recommendations to close their eyes (100%, 17/17), hold their breath (77%, 13/17), and utilize post-sunless tanning sun protection (82%, 14/17).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Uniform guidelines should be developed to address safety issues associated with sunless tanning booth use. Future investigations are warranted to assess both the medical and behavioral implications of perpetuating the aesthetic appeal of the tan.
authors.affiliation: Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Dermatology Service, Department of Medicine, New York, New York 10022, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Stephen W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Dusza
authors.forename: Allan C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Halpern
mesh_terms: D001505:Beauty Culture / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004098:Dihydroxyacetone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D017751:Safety Management; D012880:Skin Pigmentation
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D004098:Dihydroxyacetone