title: ABO and Rh(D) phenotype frequencies of different racial/ethnic groups in the United States.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Commonly quoted ABO/Rh(D) frequencies in the US are usually from relatively small studies with racial or ethnic categories often judged by name or appearance.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 10-year demographic database that contained racial or ethnic and ABO/Rh(D) phenotype data on 3.1 million allogeneic and autologous donors giving blood at five blood centers in the US was used to compute ABO and Rh(D) phenotypes in various racial/ethnic groups. The racial or ethnic category was designated by the donor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest percentage of Group O was found in Hispanic (56.5%), North American Indian (54.6%), and black non-Hispanic (50.2%) donors. Hispanic and black non-Hispanic donors had a much lower percentage (7.3 and 7.1%, respectively) of Rh- compared to white non-Hispanic donors (17.3%). Group O Rh- and Group B Rh- were found more commonly (8.0 and 1.8%, respectively) in white non-Hispanic donors than in Hispanic (3.9 and 0.7%), black non-Hispanic (3.6 and 1.3%), and Asian (0.7 and 0.4%) donors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data confirmed that the highest percentages of ORh+, BRh+/ABRh+, and Rh- are present in Hispanic, Asian, and white non-Hispanic donors, respectively. These are the largest and most accurate data of ABO/Rh(D) phenotype frequencies for the major racial/ethnic donor groups in the US.
authors.affiliation: American Red Cross Blood Services, Los Angeles, California 90006, USA. garratty@usa.redcross.org
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garratty
authors.forename: Simone A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Glynn
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McEntire
mesh_terms: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D044466:Asian People; D044383:Black People; D005006:Ethnicity; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D010641:Phenotype; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System; D014481:United States; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: D000017:ABO Blood-Group System; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System