title: Evaluation of a clinical screening instrument to identify states of thiamine deficiency in inpatients with severe alcohol dependence syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a Thiamine Deficiency Questionnaire (TDQ), and to assess its reliability in the identification of Thiamine deficiency, in patients with severe alcohol dependence.
  
  
  METHODS
  58 severely alcohol dependent patients underwent socio-demographic, medical, psychiatric, and alcohol use assessment, including administration of the Thiamine Deficiency Questionnaire (TDQ). The Red Blood Cell Thiamine Pyrophosphate concentration provided the 'gold standard' to test the validity of the instrument. Univariate 2 x 2 diagnostic test tables and multivariate analysis were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A set of eight questionnaire items had an overall predictive power of 73.7%. Two of these were highly specific: 'missed meals due to lack of funds', and the clinical co-occurrence of medical conditions potentially related to poor nutrition. The Michigan Alcohol Screening Test and serum gamma glutamyl transferase were moderately predictive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Screening that combines socio-demographic, clinical and biological factors, and/or standardized questionnaires, could improve early recognition of thiamine deficiency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Chemistry, Royal Liverpool University Hospital, Liverpool, UK. Xenofon.Sgouros@nsch-tr.wminds.nhs.uk
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sgouros
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baines
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Bloor
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McAuley
authors.forename: L O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Ogundipe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Willmott
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013832:Thiamine Deficiency / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology