Distal embolization and local vessel wall ulceration after gastric variceal obliteration with N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate: a case report and review of the literature.
Repeated endoscopic injections of N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate mixtures into large gastric varices in a single patient led to two complications: initially, pulmonary embolism, and later local ulceration of the wall of a varix. The latter resulted in massive uncontrollable hemorrhage that ultimately led to a fatal outcome. This case report also analyzes complications reported in the literature during similar endoscopic procedures for gastric varices.
Kok
K
K
Department of Gastroenterology, Unitas Hospital, Netcare, Pretoria, South Africa.
Bond
R P
RP
Duncan
I C
IC
Fourie
P A
PA
Ziady
C
C
van den Bogaerde
J B
JB
van der Merwe
S W
SW
D000328:Adult; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000628:therapy*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000209:etiology*; D012008:Recurrence; D019233:Retreatment; D012421:Rupture / Q000139:chemically induced; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D004659:Enbucrilate