title: The safety and efficacy of insulin analogs in pregnancy.
abstract: Diabetes during pregnancy is accompanied by increasing needs for maternal insulin and ongoing biological changes that cause maternal insulin requirements to reach higher and lower extremes throughout the day than in non-pregnant patients. As maternal hyperglycemia increases the risk of fetal and maternal morbidity, it is essential for the mother to maintain normoglycemia during pregnancy. With the advent of insulin analogs that feature improved absorption and physiological profiles over human insulin, the achievement of normoglycemia throughout pregnancy has become more attainable. This review provides a discussion of the application of the insulin analogs to diabetes during pregnancy and compares the benefits of rapid-acting insulin analogs with long-acting insulin analogs during pregnancy. This review further proposes a treatment protocol for achieving and maintaining normoglycemia throughout pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Sansum Medical Research Institute, Santa Barbara, California 93105, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gamson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jovanovic
mesh_terms: D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin