title: Carbonised jackfruit peel as an adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution.
abstract: The fruit of the jack (Artocarpus heterophyllus) is one of the popular fruits in India, where the total area under this fruit is about 13,460 ha. A significant amount of peel (approximately 2,714-11,800 kg per tree per year) is discarded as agricultural waste, as apart from its use as a table fruit, it is popular in many culinary preparations. Treatment of jackfruit peel with sulphuric acid produced a carbonaceous product which was used to study its efficiency as an adsorbent for the removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution. Batch experiments were performed as a function of process parameters; agitation time, initial metal concentration, adsorbent concentration and pH. Kinetic analyses made with Lagergren pseudo-first-order, Ritchie second-order and modified Ritchie second-order models showed better fits with modified Ritchie second-order model. The Langmuir-Freundlich (Sips equation) model best defined the experimental equilibrium data among the three isotherm models (Freundlich, Langmuir and Langmuir-Freundlich) tested. Taking a particular metal concentration, the optimum dose and pH required for the maximum metal removal was established. A complete recovery of the adsorbed metal ions from the spent adsorbent was achieved by using 0.01 M HCl.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Deemed University, Tiruchirappalli 620015, India.
authors.forename: B Stephen
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Inbaraj
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sulochana
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D031622:Artocarpus; D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007194:India; D007700:Kinetics; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D013997:Time Factors; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D013464:Sulfuric Acids; D002104:Cadmium; C033158:sulfuric acid