title: Fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter infections: eating poultry outside of the home and foreign travel are risk factors.
abstract: A 12-month, population-based, case-control study of Campylobacter infections was conducted at Foodborne Disease Active Surveillance Network surveillance areas during 1998-1999. Of 858 Campylobacter isolates tested for antimicrobial susceptibility to the fluoroquinolone ciprofloxacin, 94 (11%) were resistant. Travel outside of the United States was reported by 27 (42%) of 64 patients with fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter infection and by 51 (9%) of 582 patients with fluoroquinolone-susceptible Campylobacter infection (odds ratio [OR], 7.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.3-13.4). When patients with domestically acquired fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter infection were compared with matched healthy control subjects in a multivariate analysis, those infected were 10 times more likely to have eaten chicken or turkey cooked at a commercial establishment (18 [55%] of 33 case patients vs. 7 [21%] of 33 controls; matched OR, 10.0; 95% CI, 1.3-78). Although travel outside of the United States was associated with fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter infection, most infections among study participants were domestically acquired. This study provides additional evidence that poultry is an important source of domestically acquired fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter infection. Control measures should include efforts to improve food handling in commercial establishments.
authors.affiliation: Minnesota Department of Health, Minneapolis, MN, USA. heidi.kassenborg@state.mn.us
authors.forename: Heidi D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Kassenborg
authors.forename: Kirk E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Duc J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Vugia
authors.forename: Therese
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rabatsky-Ehr
authors.forename: Martha R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Nellie B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Dumas
authors.forename: Maureen P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cassidy
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marano
authors.forename: Robert V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Tauxe
authors.forename: Frederick J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Angulo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D002167:Campylobacter / Q000187:drug effects*; D002169:Campylobacter Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007255:Information Services; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011200:Poultry / Q000382:microbiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014195:Travel; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D024841:Fluoroquinolones