Hypertension management and control in primary care: a study of 20 practices in 14 states.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the management and control of hypertension in primary care practice.


METHODS
Retrospective medical record review.


METHODS
Twenty primary care practices in 14 states.


METHODS
Thirteen thousand forty-seven patients with hypertension.


RESULTS
Diagnoses, drugs prescribed, and blood pressure readings were extracted from the electronic medical record at each practice in the study. For patients with hypertension and comorbid diagnoses, the most recent blood pressure and antihypertensive drugs prescribed were determined. Analyses assessed the blood pressure control rates and the association between control and demographic variables, frequency of visits to the practice site, and pharmacologic treatment patterns. Among the 20 practices in the study, 13,047 patients had received a diagnosis of hypertension and their blood pressures had been measured within the previous 12 months. One third of the patients had comorbid coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and/or renal insufficiency. The most recent blood pressure reading was below 140/90 in half the patients. Control was associated with age 60 years or younger, female sex, more than one visit to the practice, more than one comorbidity, and type of practice (p<0.01, logistic regression). Wide variability was noted among practices in the use of multiagent antihypertensive therapy, and in antihypertensive therapy by drug class. Among patients without comorbidity treated with one drug, systolic blood pressure did not differ significantly by drug class. Diastolic blood pressure was slightly lower in patients prescribed thiazide diuretics than in those prescribed angiotensin receptor blockers (p=0.03, analysis of covariance).


CONCLUSIONS
Blood pressure control in primary care practice can be much better than reports usually indicate. Good control in this study was not due to specific drug choice, but instead may have been due to regular monitoring of blood pressure and motivation of the practice to improve patient care.
Ornstein
Steven M
SM
Department of Family Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston 29425, USA.
Nietert
Paul J
PJ
Dickerson
Lori M
LM
D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D011320:Primary Health Care; D014481:United States
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents