title: Evaluation of the anti-inflammatory activity of zhankuic acids isolated from the fruiting bodies of Antrodia camphorata.
abstract: We have previously shown that a concentrated ethanol extract of the fruiting bodies of Antrodia camphorata exhibited immunomodulating effects in human leukocytes and fourteen compounds including zhankuic acids A, B, C, and antcin K were identified in the extract. In this study, an acute cellular model in isolated peripheral human neutrophils was established to elucidate the anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and firm adhesion by neutrophils display two important responses during inflammation. To evaluate whether these compounds could prevent inflammatory responses by neutrophils, their effects on N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) or phorbol 12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-activated peripheral human neutrophils were examined. Pretreatment with 1 - 25 microM of zhankuic acids A, B, C, or antcin K concentration-dependently diminished fMLP- or PMA-induced ROS production, as measured by a lucigenin-amplified chemiluminescence, with IC (50) (microM) around 5 - 20 microM. Zhankuic acids A, B, C, or antcin K also effectively inhibited the fMLP- or PMA-induced firm adhesion without interfering with the up-expression of surface Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18), a beta2 integrin mediating the firm adhesion of neutrophils to endothelium. The anti-inflammatory actions of these drugs were not due to cytotoxic effects because no significant difference in cell viability was observed compared to vehicle control. These data suggest that inhibition of both ROS production and firm adhesion by neutrophils has no significant cytotoxic effect that could give these drugs the potential to be anti-inflammatory agents for the clinical treatment.
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yuh-Chiang
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Yea-Hwey
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yueh-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Chieh-Fu
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Lie-Chwen
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Tun-Tschu
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jung-Hsiung
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Tien
authors.forename: Cheng-Jen
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chou
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002782:Cholestenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004875:Ergosterol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011124:Polyporaceae; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002782:Cholestenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C000602429:antcin K; C098367:zhankuic acid A; C098370:zhankuic acid B; C098428:zhankuic acid C; D004875:Ergosterol