title: [Alkaline citrates in urology. A status report].
abstract: Alkaline citrates have been used as an efficient therapy in hypocitraturic calcium nephrolithiasis, uric acid lithiasis, cystinuria, and renal tubular acidosis. Furthermore, alkaline citrates are very effective in treating and preventing hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis in patients with urinary diversion. The main physiological effects during urolithiasis therapy have been significant increases in urinary pH, in citrate and potassium, and a decrease in calcium excretion. This paper reviews current indications, therapy modalities, and metaphylactic use reported in the literature and/or recommended by the Deutsche Gesellschaft für Urologie (DGU) and the European Association of Urology (EAU). It is intended to give useful advice for the urologist's daily practice.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Urologie und Kinderurologie, Arbeitsgruppe Harnsteine, Universitätsklinikum Ulm.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rinnab
authors.forename: R E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Hautmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Straub
mesh_terms: D000141:Acidosis, Renal Tubular / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000468:Alkalies / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002951:Citrates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005062:European Union; D005858:Germany; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D010346:Patient Care Management / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D002951:Citrates