title: Upper-extremity interlimb coupling in persons with left hemiplegia due to stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate interlimb coupling in an adult population with left hemiplegia and an age-matched control group to better understand the unique motor control issues in stroke rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A chi-square analysis was performed to compare the distribution of participants adopting a given movement pattern ratio during 2 different bimanual movement tasks for both groups. The task involved oscillating the upper limbs at the elbow in asymmetric patterns, with 1 limb oscillating at twice the frequency of the other.
  
  
  METHODS
  Testing was done in the subjects' residences or in an outpatient clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were between the ages of 45 and 75 years (mean +/- standard deviation, 63+/-9.4y), right handed, and included 18 left hemiparetic and 18 control subjects. Selection criteria for the hemiparetic group included status after nonhemorrhagic stroke within the distribution area of the right middle cerebral artery (RMCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Relative phase of the upper extremities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hemiplegic group produced predominantly an in-phase 1-to-1 movement pattern, whereas the control group exhibited antiphase, 2-to-1 movement harmonics and, to a lesser extent, in-phase movement patterns.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that brain damage caused by stroke in the RMCA distribution area results in the reduction of selectable interlimb movement patterns. Specifically, bimanual upper extremity movement tended to be highly coupled in an in-phase movement pattern. Research is needed to examine the ability of stroke survivors to learn bilateral upper-extremity tasks at less stable levels of interlimb coupling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational Therapy, Medical College of Ohio, School of Allied Health, Toledo, OH, USA. mrice@mco.edu
authors.forename: Martin S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: Karl M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Newell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001132:Arm / Q000502:physiology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D006429:Hemiplegia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis