title: In vitro evaluation of the effectiveness of irrigants and intracanal medicaments on microorganisms within root canals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate in vitro the effectiveness of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), chlorhexidine (CHX) and five intracanal medicaments on microorganisms within root canals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six human single-rooted extracted teeth were used. After removing the crowns, canal preparation was completed and the external root surfaces were coated with epoxy resin. Following sterilization, the teeth were contaminated with Candida albicans and Enterococcus faecalis, and were incubated at 37 +/- 1 degrees C for 7 days. The teeth were divided according to the irrigant solution or intracanal medicament: group 1, sterile physiologic solution (SPS) and calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) paste; group 2, SPS and camphorated paramonochlorophenol (CPMC); group 3, SPS and tricresol formalin; group 4, SPS and CaOH2 + CPMC paste; group 5, SPS and PMC furacin; group 6, 2.5% NaOCl without intracanal medication; group 7, 2.0% CHX without intracanal medication and group 8, SPS without intracanal medication (control group). Microbiological samples were collected with sterile paper points, and bacterial growth was determined. The data were submitted to the analysis of variance (anova, P = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For C. albicans, groups 3 and 8 were statistically less effective than groups 1, 2, 4 and 5 (Kruskal-Wallis (K-W) = 65.241; gl = 7; P = 0.001). For E. faecalis, groups 6 and 8 were statistically less effective than groups 1-4 and 7 (K-W = 61.048; gl = 7; P = 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ca(OH)2 + CPMC paste was the most effective intracanal medicament for the elimination of the two microorganisms; 2.0% CHX solution was more effective than 2.5% NaOCl against E. faecalis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, São José dos Campos School of Dentistry, Paulista State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos, SP, Brazil. mamaciel2000@yahoo.com.br
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Valera
authors.forename: A O C
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Jorge
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Koga-Ito
authors.forename: C H R
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Camargo
authors.forename: M N G
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Mancini
mesh_terms: D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D002164:Camphor / Q000494:pharmacology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002733:Chlorophenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003408:Cresols / Q000494:pharmacology; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000382:microbiology*; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002733:Chlorophenols; D003408:Cresols; D004338:Drug Combinations; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D005557:Formaldehyde; D002164:Camphor; C029804:camphorated parachlorophenol; C011372:tricresolformalin; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D002710:Chlorhexidine