title: [Clinico-pathogenetic variants of chronic gastritis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate specific features of the course of chronic gastritis (CG), morphofunctional condition of gastric mucosa, vegetative regulation, adrenergic and cholinergic shifts, histamine metabolism and effects of exogenic and endogenic risk factors in CG patients; to study clinicopathogenetic variants of CG.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 311 CG patients aged from 16 to 72 years were studied. They were divided into three groups by their gastric mucosa condition. The control group consisted of 30 healthy donors. The following parameters were studied: visual and histological condition of gastric mucosa, total acidity, the levels of free hydrochloric acid, pepsin, bioelectric gastric activity, general autonomic tonicity, cholinesterase activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three clinicopathogenetic variants of the disease have been identified. Variant 1 was characterized by a recurrent course, subjective manifestation of the disease only in exacerbation, surface (primarily antral) mucosal affection, normal or enhanced secretory and motor functions of the stomach, adequate reaction of acid production to caffeine and histamine stimulation, parasympathicotonia, absolute hyperhistaminemia, relative hypoacetylcholinemia, subnormal urinary excretion of adrenalin. Variant 2 manifested with rare recurrences, longer and more severe exacerbations, frequent spontaneous and provoked aggravations, moderate focal atrophy of the mucosa, secretory insufficiency with adequate reaction to histamine and minor to caffeine stimuli, hypomotor gastric dyskinesia, vegetative eutonia, normohistaminemia, absolute hypoacetylcholinemia, subnormal urinary excretion of noradrenaline. Variant 3 runs without definite remissions and exacerbations, with continuous abdominal pain and dyspepsia, frequent spontaneous aggravations, marked extended mucosal atrophy with secretory insufficiency up to achlorhydria, no stimulation of acid production in response to caffeine and histamine, gastric hypomotility, sympathicotonia, absolute hypohistaminemia, hypoacetylcholinemia, normal urinary excretion of catecholamines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings expand our knowledge about clinicopathogenetic variants of CG and necessitate new approaches to development of effective methods of CG prevention and treatment.
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Chernin
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Dzhulaĭ
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000652:urine; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016145:Endoscopy, Digestive System; D005260:Female; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005756:Gastritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006632:Histamine / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011706:Pyloric Antrum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002395:Catecholamines; D006632:Histamine; D000109:Acetylcholine