Blockade of mesolimbic dopamine D3 receptors inhibits stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking in rats.
BACKGROUND
The dopamine (DA) D3 receptor is preferentially expressed in the mesolimbic system. We have previously shown that selective D3 receptor blockade by the novel D3 antagonist SB-277011A inhibits cocaine's reinforcing action and cocaine-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior.


OBJECTIVE
In the present study, we investigated whether SB-277011A similarly inhibits stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking behavior.


METHODS
Rats were allowed to self-administer cocaine (0.5 mg/kg per infusion, 3 h per session) for 10-14 days, followed by a once-daily extinction session for 7-14 days during which saline was substituted for cocaine. Extinction criteria were fewer than ten lever-presses per 3-h session for at least 3 consecutive days. After cocaine-seeking behavior was extinguished, each animal was tested twice for footshock-stress-induced reinstatement, once with vehicle (25% hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin) and once with one of three doses of SB-277011A in counterbalanced fashion.


RESULTS
During the last 3 days of cocaine self-administration (SA), active lever-presses were approximately 100 per session under fixed-ratio 2 reinforcement (approximately 25 mg/kg cocaine per session). After extinction, intermittent footshock (10 min, 0.5 mA, 0.5 s on with a mean inter-shock interval of 40 s) robustly reinstated the cocaine-seeking behavior (8.4+/-3.6 active lever-presses in last extinction session to 35.3+/-5.2 in animals after footshock stress). Intraperitoneal (i.p.) injections of SB-277011A (3, 6, and 12 mg/kg) dose-dependently blocked stress-induced reinstatement of cocaine-seeking. Reinstatement was also blocked by microinjections of SB-277011A (1.5 microg/0.5 microl per side) bilaterally into the nucleus accumbens, but not into the dorsal striatum.


CONCLUSIONS
The mesolimic DA D3 receptor plays an important role in mediating stress-induced reinstatement.
Xi
Zheng-Xiong
ZX
Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Intramural Research Program, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 5500 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. zxi@intra.nida.nih.gov
Gilbert
Jeremy
J
Campos
Arlene C
AC
Kline
Nicole
N
Ashby
Charles R
CR
Hagan
Jim J
JJ
Heidbreder
Christian A
CA
Gardner
Eliot L
EL
D000818:Animals; D003042:Cocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003216:Conditioning, Operant / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects; D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; D005108:Extinction, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008845:Microinjections; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012646:Self Administration / Q000379:methods; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use
D065127:Dopamine D2 Receptor Antagonists; C493595:Drd3 protein, rat; D009570:Nitriles; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3; C409982:SB 277011; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines; D003042:Cocaine