title: Identification and quantification of carotenoids including geometrical isomers in fruit and vegetable juices by liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-diode array detection.
abstract: A method was established for the identification and quantification of carotenoids including geometrical isomers in fruit and vegetable juices by liquid chromatography with an ultraviolet-diode array detector, using a C(18) Vydac 201TP54 column. The mobile phase used was the ternary methanol mixture (0.1 M ammonium acetate), tert-butyl methyl ether and water, in a concentration gradient, and a temperature gradient was applied. Retinol palmitate was added as an internal standard. An extraction process (ethanol/hexane, 4:3, v/v) was performed, followed by saponification with diethyl ether/methanolic KOH (0.1%, w/v, BHT) (1:1, v/v) for 0.5 h at room temperature. Seventeen different (cis and trans) carotenoids were identified by UV-vis spectra and retention times in HPLC in the juices analyzed. The analytic parameters show that the method proposed is sensitive, reliable, accurate, and reproducible.
authors.affiliation: Area de Nutrición y Bromatología, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Avenida Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot (Valencia), Spain.
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Esteve
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frígola
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Torregrosa
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000737:chemistry; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002338:Carotenoids