title: Lack of good correlation of serum CC-chemokine levels with human immunodeficiency virus-1 disease stage and response to treatment.
abstract: Three CC-chemokines-MIP-1alpha (CCL3), MIP-1beta (CCL4), and RANTES (CCL5)-are natural ligands for the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) coreceptor CCR5. To determine correlations between CC-chemokines and HIV-1 disease stage or response to treatment, we examined serum levels of MIP-1alpha, MIP-1beta, and RANTES in 60 infected patients during 18 months while they were taking highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). Our results demonstrate that serum levels of MIP-1alpha and RANTES were increased in HIV-1-infected individuals compared with those in healthy controls. We found no significant differences among 4 clinical stages of HIV-1 infection in the serum levels of three CC-chemokines. Longitudinal HAART analyses revealed a pronounced decline in serum MIP-1alpha levels over time. We found no difference in this decline between HAART responders and nonresponders. These findings indicate that production of MIP-1alpha and RANTES changes during HIV-1 infection and treatment; however, our results suggest that serum levels of CC-chemokines should not be used as biomarkers for HIV-1 disease stage or response to treatment.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Internal Medicine, and Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI. USA
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Powel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kazanjian
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Kunkel
authors.forename: Denise E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Kirschner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000097:blood*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia
chemical_list: D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins