title: Reducing attrition in panel studies in developing countries.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Panel studies offer repeated observations of individuals over time, but the mobility of populations in the developing world often causes attrition in panel studies. Such attrition can cause bias if it is selective but can be reduced by tracking respondents. Tracking in developing countries can be costly and difficult as populations are often highly mobile, infrastructure is poor, structures frequently change, and formal address systems or population records rarely exist. Method In this paper, the attrition and tracking experiences of panel studies in developing countries are reviewed and recommendations made for ensuring effective tracking. Comments Tracking can reduce attrition by up to 45% and is feasible if procedures are locally appropriate, well planned, involve the community, collect as much locating data as possible, and have explicit criteria, and if tracking is done at regular intervals, and interviewers are well trained, supervised, and motivated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Attrition is an important issue in panel studies, whilst tracking can be costly it can reduce attrition if effective procedures are used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, 49-51 Bedford Square, London, WC1B 3DP. Zelee.Hill@lshtm.ac.uk
authors.forename: Zelee
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D015982:Bias; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D003906:Developing Countries; D015340:Epidemiologic Research Design; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D011157:Population Dynamics; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods