title: Neuropathological substrates of psychiatric symptoms in prospectively studied patients with autopsy-confirmed dementia with lewy bodies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This investigation was undertaken to clarify the neuropathological substrates of key psychiatric symptoms in dementia with Lewy bodies.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors studied 112 autopsy-confirmed cases of dementia with Lewy bodies in patients who had had annual standardized clinical evaluations until their death. The relationships of persistent psychiatric symptoms (visual hallucinations, delusions, depression) to plaques (Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease protocol), tangles (Braak staging), and Lewy bodies (consensus Lewy body staging) were evaluated. In addition, symptom frequency and persistent symptoms were compared in the patients with Lewy body dementia and 90 patients with autopsy-confirmed Alzheimer's disease studied prospectively during life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main neuropathological correlate of persistent visual hallucinations was the presence of less severe tangle pathology, but there was no significant association between tangle pathology and persistent delusions. Lewy body staging was associated with the presence of persistent visual hallucinations and persistent delusions. All baseline psychiatric features were significantly more frequent in dementia with Lewy bodies than in Alzheimer's disease, as were persistent visual hallucinations, but patients who had dementia with Lewy bodies and severe tangle pathology had a clinical symptom profile more similar to that of Alzheimer's disease patients and were less likely to have neocortical Lewy bodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The modest proportion of patients with Lewy body dementia and more severe tangle pathology resembled Alzheimer's disease patients clinically. Unlike Alzheimer's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies showed a significant inverse association between tangle burden and psychosis.
authors.affiliation: Newcastle General Hospital, Westgate Road, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK. c.g.ballard@ncl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Clive G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Ballard
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jacoby
authors.forename: Teodoro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Del Ser
authors.forename: M Nadeem
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Munoz
authors.forename: Clive
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Zsuzanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Elaine K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Joachim
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jaros
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: Ian G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: McKeith
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D016631:Lewy Bodies / Q000473:pathology; D020961:Lewy Body Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D016874:Neurofibrillary Tangles / Q000473:pathology; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid / Q000473:pathology; D011446:Prospective Studies