title: Molecular characterization and analysis of the operon encoding the antifungal lipopeptide bacillomycin D.
abstract: Bacillus subtilis AU195 produces bacillomycin D, a cyclic lipopeptide that is an inhibitor of the aflatoxin producing fungus Aspergillus flavus. Sequence analysis of the bacillomycin D operon revealed four ORFs with the structural organization of the peptide synthetases. Disruption of ORF 2, which links the amino acid moiety to the b-amino fatty acid, resulted in the loss of antifungal activity. By comparing the sequence of bacillomycin D, iturin A and mycosubtilin operons, our results showed that intergenic module replacement have occurred between B. subtilis lipopeptide synthetases including the iturin family and the plipastatin and fengycin family.
authors.affiliation: Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, 209 Life Sciences Bldg., Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Anne-Laure
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Moyne
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Cleveland
authors.forename: Sadik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tuzun
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D023061:Gene Order; D008025:Ligases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D009876:Operon; D010453:Peptide Synthases / Q000235:genetics; D010455:Peptides / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017385:Sequence Homology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010455:Peptides; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C012448:mycosubtiline; C013579:iturin A; C027845:bacillomycin D; D008025:Ligases; D010453:Peptide Synthases