title: Reliability, validity, and responsiveness of the locomotor capabilities index in adults with lower-limb amputation undergoing prosthetic training.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the reliability, validity, and responsiveness of both the standard and revised Locomotor Capabilities Index (LCI) in people with lower-limb amputation who undergo prosthetic training.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reliability and validity study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two freestanding rehabilitation centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty inpatients with a recent unilateral lower-limb amputation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable. Main outcome measures The standard LCI and a new version with a 5-level ordinal scale (LCI-5) were tested for internal consistency, test-retest reliability, ceiling effect, and effect size. The construct validity of both versions was analyzed by correlation with the Rivermead Mobility Index, a timed walking test, and the FIM instrument.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Cronbach alpha of both LCI versions was.95. The item-to-total correlations (Spearman rho) ranged from.50 to.87 (P<.0001 for all). The percent agreement and kappa values for the item scores ranged, respectively, from 78.4% to 100% and.58 to 1.00 in the LCI, and from 75.7% to 97.3% and.54 to.96 in the LCI-5. The intraclass correlation coefficient (model 2,1) for the total scores was.98 for both versions; the Bland-Altman plot revealed no systematic trend for either version. Both the LCI and LCI-5 correlated with all criterion measures (rho range,.61-.76), with the LCI-5 showing a larger effect size during the rehabilitation period and a lower ceiling effect. Patients with transtibial amputation were more independent in performing activities than were those with transfemoral amputation; their locomotor capability negatively correlated with age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both the LCI and LCI-5 captured the global locomotor ability of people with lower-limb amputation during prosthetic training. The new LCI-5 presents similar and sometimes better psychometric properties than the standard LCI.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Occupational Rehabilitation and Ergonomics, Rehabilitation Institute of Veruno, Veruno, Italy. ffranchignoni@fsm.it
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Franchignoni
authors.forename: Duccio
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Orlandini
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ferriero
authors.forename: Tancredi A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Moscato
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000674:Amputees / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001186:Artificial Limbs; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis