title: Host plant volatiles synergize response to sex pheromone in codling moth, Cydia pomonella.
abstract: Plant volatile compounds synergize attraction of codling moth males Cydia pomonella to sex pheromone (E,E)-8,10-dodecadien-1-ol (codlemone). Several apple volatiles, known to elicit a strong antennal response, were tested in a wind tunnel. Two-component blends of 1 pg/min codlemone and 100 pg/min of either racemic linalool, (E)-beta-farnesene, or (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol attracted significantly more males to the source than codlemone alone (60, 58, 56, and 37%, respectively). In comparison, a blend of codlemone and a known pheromone synergist, dodecanol, attracted 56% of the males tested. Blends of pheromone and plant volatiles in a 1:100 ratio attracted more males than 1:1 or 1:10,000 blends. Adding two or four of the most active plant compounds to codlemone did not enhance attraction over blends of codlemone plus single-plant compounds. Of the test compounds, only farnesol was attractive by itself; at a release rate of 10,000 pg/min, 16% of the males arrived at the source. However, attraction to a 1:10,000 blend of codlemone and farnesol (42%) was not significantly different from attraction to codlemone alone (37%). In contrast, a codlemone mimic, (E)-10-dodecadien-1-ol, which attracted 2% males by itself, had a strong antagonistic effect when blended in a 1:10,000 ratio with codlemone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Crop Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Box 44, 230 53 Alnarp, Sweden. zhihua.yang@vv.slu.se
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bengtsson
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Witzgall
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000825:Animal Structures / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D007851:Dodecanol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005204:Farnesol / Q000494:pharmacology; D000441:Hexanols / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D009036:Moths / Q000502:physiology*; D010944:Plants / Q000737:chemistry*; D012724:Sex Attractants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012903:Smell / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000441:Hexanols; D039821:Monoterpenes; D012724:Sex Attractants; D007851:Dodecanol; C051918:3-hexen-1-ol; C001977:8,10-dodecadien-1-ol; D005204:Farnesol; C018584:linalool