title: A new technique of tissue repair for ophthalmic surgery.
abstract: Ophthalmic surgery currently utilizes suture materials to repair wounds created during eye operations. Although effective, suture-based techniques can result in complications that further impair the patient's vision, such as retinal detachment and scleral perforation associated with strabismus (eye muscle) surgery. Two techniques currently under development avoid sutures altogether, yielding similar strength results, reduced operating time, and simpler methods of repair. The first of these techniques employs a light-activated scaffold-enhanced protein solder to re-adhere the tissue. The second technique utilizes commercially available bioadhesives that have been scaffold-enhanced to improve their handling characteristics. A comparison of these two techniques is given. Initial tensile strength results show a higher strength of repair when a scaffold is utilized, with significantly less variations within each experimental group. Repairs formed using the scaffold-enhanced cyanoacrylate adhesives were the strongest. The tensile strength of extraocular muscle-to-sclera adhesions was 72% stronger than cyanoacrylate alone (4.2 +/- 0.2 N vs. 2.4 +/- 0.4 N) and 78% stronger than native tissue (2.3 +/- 0.4 N). Sclera-to-sclera adhesions were 60% stronger than adhesions formed with cyanoacrylate alone (3.9 +/- 0.2 N vs. 2.5 +/- 0.4 N), while the tensile strength of extraocular muscle-to-extraocular muscle adhesions were 81% of native extraocular muscle tensile strength (5.6 +/- 0.2 N vs. 6.2 +/- 0.3 N), and 50% stronger than adhesions formed using cyanoacrylate alone (3.6 +/- 0.4 N). The data analysis and resulting conclusions favor the less invasive adhesive technique as an alternative for tissue reattachment during ophthalmic procedures. Future experiments will examine the optimization of application parameters and detail tensile strength time course studies.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Program, Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, IN 47803, USA.
authors.forename: Grant T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Soller
authors.forename: Jeffrey N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Bloom
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: Douglas L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Heintzelman
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: McNally-Heintzelman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003487:Cyanoacrylates / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008422:Materials Testing / Q000379:methods*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers; D011817:Rabbits; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014945:Wound Healing; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003487:Cyanoacrylates; D011108:Polymers; D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid