SANDO: another presentation of mitochondrial disease.
OBJECTIVE
To describe a unique mitochondrial syndrome that may present with the combination of ocular manifestations, sensory symptoms, and speech dysfunction.


METHODS
Case report.


METHODS
Case report and review of the literature.


RESULTS
A 43-year-old man presented with a Sensory Ataxic Neuropathy, Dysarthria, and Ophthalmoparesis (SANDO). Nerve conduction studies showed a sensory ganglionopathy. Skeletal muscle biopsy revealed ragged red fibers, and polymerase chain reaction analysis of the tissue demonstrated multiple mitochondrial DNA deletions.


CONCLUSIONS
Mitochondrial disease should be considered in cases of external ophthalmoplegia, especially if a sensory ganglionopathy and dysarthria are present.
Okun
Michael S
MS
Department of Neurology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Box 100284, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA.
Bhatti
M Tariq
MT
D000328:Adult; D001259:Ataxia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D001706:Biopsy; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D004401:Dysarthria / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D005133:Eye Movements; D017950:Ganglia, Sensory / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000473:pathology; D017240:Mitochondrial Myopathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D009431:Neural Conduction; D017246:Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013577:Syndrome
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial