title: Wnt-3a and Dvl induce neurite retraction by activating Rho-associated kinase.
abstract: Dvl is a key protein that transmits the Wnt signal to the canonical beta-catenin pathway and the noncanonical planar cell polarity (PCP) pathway. We studied the roles of Rho-associated kinase (Rho-kinase), which is activated by Dvl in the PCP pathway of mammalian cells. The expression of Dvl-1, Wnt-1, or Wnt-3a activated Rho-kinase in COS cells, and this activation was inhibited by the Rho-binding domain of Rho-kinase. The expression of Dvl-1 in PC12 cells activated Rho and inhibited nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced neurite outgrowth. This inhibition was reversed by a Rho-kinase inhibitor but not by a c-Jun N-terminal kinase inhibitor. Dvl-1 also inhibited serum starvation-dependent neurite outgrowth of N1E-115 cells, and expression of the Rho-binding domain of Rho-kinase reversed this inhibitory activity of Dvl-1. Dvl-1 mutants that did not activate Rho-kinase did not inhibit the neurite outgrowth of N1E-115 cells. Furthermore, the purified Wnt-3a protein activated Rho-kinase and inhibited the NGF-dependent neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells. Wnt-3a-dependent neurite retraction was also prevented by a Rho-kinase inhibitor and a Dvl-1 mutant that suppresses Wnt-3a-dependent activation of Rho-kinase. These results suggest that Wnt-3a and Dvl regulate neurite formation through Rho-kinase and that PC12 and N1E-115 cells are useful for analyzing the PCP pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Shosei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kishida
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D016764:Cell Polarity; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D016716:PC12 Cells; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D060508:Wnt3 Protein; D060509:Wnt3A Protein; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D016895:Culture Media, Serum-Free; C000606578:DVL1 protein, human; D000072261:Dishevelled Proteins; C000606579:Dvl1 protein, mouse; C000606580:Dvl1 protein, rat; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C555510:WNT3A protein, human; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D060508:Wnt3 Protein; D060509:Wnt3A Protein; C555511:Wnt3a protein, mouse; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3