title: The epithelia of the protrusible tongue of Eurycea longicauda guttolineata (Hoolbrook 1838) (Urodela: Plethodontidae).
abstract: In this study the lingual and sublingual glands, the lingual stem and the epithelial surface of the protrusible secondary tongue were investigated by light, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The quality of the secretions of the epithelia was characterized histochemically. The lingual epithelium is formed by superficial (pavement) and goblet cells and at the margin of the tongue pad are also regions covered by ciliated cells. On the dorsal part of the tongue there are goblet cells of type A with mainly acidic secretions and of type B containing neutral secretions. Most of the goblet cells on the ventral side of the tongue (hypoglottis) show a strong alcian blue/PAS positive reaction (type I) and some produce neutral secretions (type II). The glandular cells of the lingual gland react positively to alcian blue and PAS in the apical region of the gland. In contrast there is only alcian blue-positive staining in the basal part of the gland. The size and complexity of the inclusion bodies of the secretory granules increase in a basal direction. In addition, there are ciliated cells in the glandular epithelium. Although the epithelium of the lingual stem is thin, it is double-layered. The cell types observed in this region are identical to those of the ventral part of the protrusible tongue. At the margin of the sublingual gland are trough-like structures. In the center, tubular parts are observed. The cells of this gland are stain strongly with alcian blue (pH 1.0) mainly in the basal part of the gland. The results of this are compared to the tongue pad and the lingual gland of Salamandra salamandra and Ambystoma mexicanum.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Allgemeine Chirurgie, University of Münster, Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Alfred
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Opolka
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Effing
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wistuba
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clemen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002923:Cilia / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004848:Epithelium / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000166:cytology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D013361:Sublingual Gland; D013650:Taste Buds; D014059:Tongue / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014562:Caudata / Q000033:anatomy & histology*