title: The effects of insulin on mesenteric blood flow in anaesthetized pigs.
abstract: Infusion of insulin in anaesthetized pigs has been shown to cause an increase in renal blood flow and a decrease in coronary blood flow, which were the net result of a vasoconstriction involving sympathetic alpha-adrenoceptor-mediated mechanisms and of a local vasodilatation involving the endothelial release of nitric oxide. In the present study, the effect of insulin on superior mesenteric blood flow was examined in pentobarbitone-anaesthetized pigs at constant heart rate, aortic blood pressure, left ventricular contractility and blood levels of glucose and potassium. In 10 pigs, infusion of 0.004 IU kg(-1) min(-1) of insulin increased mesenteric flow. In five of these pigs, intravenous phentolamine enhanced the increase in mesenteric flow elicited by insulin, a response which was abolished by the subsequent injection of N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) into the mesenteric artery. In the remaining five pigs, infusion of insulin after intramesenteric injection of L-NAME caused a decrease in mesenteric flow. This response was abolished by the subsequent intravenous administration of phentolamine. The present study showed that infusion of insulin in anaesthetized pigs primarily caused a mesenteric vasodilatation, which was the net result of two opposite effects, namely a predominant vasodilatation mediated by the endothelial release of nitric oxide and a sympathetic vasoconstrictor mechanism mediated by alpha-adrenoceptors.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche, Facoltà di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università del Piemonte Orientale 'A. Avogadro', Novara, Italy. grossini@med.unipmn.it
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grossini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Battaglia
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bona
authors.forename: D A S G
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Mary
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Molinari
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vacca
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D010646:Phentolamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013152:Splanchnic Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D010646:Phentolamine