title: [Experience with Risperidone in the treatment of institutionalized mentally retarded patients, with special reference to treatment of aggressive states].
abstract: Aggression has become a problem of our everyday life; every psychiatrist meets aggressive patients in his practice almost daily. Aggression represents a special problem in the case of institutionalized, mentally retarded (severe and moderate) patients, when it is associated with agitation, deficit of critical functions, impulsiveness, mood disorders. The nursing staff of these institutions is often overworked; the affective outbursts and aggressive behavior of mentally retarded patients may provoke a hostile attitude on the part of the nursing staff towards the patients. In the case of mentally retarded patients, unpredictable events may occur at any time. The structural background of mental retardation, the function of the affected cerebral structures, is not completely clarified. It was found in several studies that risperidone is effective in the treatment of agitation and aggressive behavior; the incidence of side effects is much lower than in the case of typical antipsychotics. We started the treatment with risperidone of 60 mentally retarded patients; we evaluated the therapeutic outcome after a three-month follow-up period using a rating scale made specially for this purpose. An attempt was made to compare the therapeutic results obtained in the risperidone group with the condition of patients receiving typical antipsychotics. It was found that, in the case of several items (aggression, agitation, deficit of critical functions, mood disorders, sleep disturbances, involvement in therapeutic activities), risperidone was significantly more effective than typical antipsychotics, and the incidence of extrapyramidal symptoms and other adverse events was much lower. It was hardly necessary to impose restraints in the risperidone group. In the care of mentally retarded patients, the use of risperidone has many long-term advantages, and hence it represents an effective alternative to typical antipsychotics.
authors.affiliation: Bajai Kórház Pszichiátriai Osztály.
authors.forename: Viktor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hal
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fehér
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000523:psychology; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary; D007326:Institutionalization; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012149:Restraint, Physical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018967:Risperidone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D018967:Risperidone