title: Epidermal growth factor receptor, c-MET, beta-catenin, and p53 expression as prognostic indicators in stage II colon cancer: a tissue microarray study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Through the use of molecular markers, it may be possible to identify aggressive tumor phenotypes and tailor therapies to treat them. This approach would be particularly useful for stage II colon cancer. The purpose of this study was to define the prognostic value of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), c-MET, beta-catenin, and p53 protein expression in TNM stage II colon cancer using tissue microarray technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we retrospectively analyzed, resected, and otherwise untreated paraffin-embedded specimens from 134 consecutive patients with Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage II colonic carcinomas for EGFR, c-MET, beta-catenin, and p53 protein expression by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-five percent, 77, and 65% of tumors exhibited strong (+2 and +3 immunopositivity) expression of EGFR, c-MET, and beta-catenin, respectively. Fifty-four percent exhibited nuclear staining for p53 in >10% of the tumor cells. Univariate analysis revealed that increased nuclear p53 expression (P = 0.001), strong membranous EGFR expression (P = 0.04), and lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.01) were significantly related to disease recurrence and that p53 (P = 0.02) and EGFR (P = 0.05) expression were associated with decreased survival. Increased nuclear p53 expression also correlated with the presence of distal metastasis (P = 0.027). No significant association was seen between c-MET expression and prognosis, whereas a strong trend was detected between loss of beta-catenin (P = 0.065) expression and poor outcome. Multivariate analysis indicated that p53 (P = 0.04), EGFR (P = 0.05), and lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.03) were independent predictors of recurrence and that p53 (P = 0.02) and EGFR (P = 0.01) expression were both associated with poor survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This retrospective tumor microarray study, restricted to Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage II colon cancer patients who did not undergo adjuvant therapy, supports the use of EGFR and p53 as biological markers, which may assist in predicting disease recurrence and survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Rhode Island Hospital and Brown University School of Medicine, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA. mresnick@lifespan.org
authors.forename: Murray B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Resnick
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Routhier
authors.forename: Tamako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Konkin
authors.forename: Edmond
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sabo
authors.forename: Victor E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Pricolo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / Q000032:analysis; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000032:analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051176:beta Catenin; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D019859:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met