title: Significance of reductases in the detoxification of the tobacco-specific carcinogen NNK.
abstract: Fewer than 20% of habitual smokers develop lung cancer, which suggests that genetic, environmental and nutritional factors contribute to the risk for developing this disease. Recently, five enzymes were shown to initiate the detoxification of nicotine-derived nitrosamine ketone (NNK), the most potent carcinogen present in tobacco. Importantly, four of these enzymes are potently inhibited by glycyrrhetinic acid, the main constituent of licorice. These observations might open novel and hitherto unexplored avenues for the risk assessment and prevention of tobacco-associated lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Experimentelle Toxikologie, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Brunswiker Str. 10, 24105 Kiel, Germany. maser@toxi.uni-kiel.de
authors.forename: Edmund
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maser
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002273:Carcinogens; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002273:Carcinogens; D009602:Nitrosamines; C016583:4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone; D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D006034:Glycyrrhetinic Acid