title: Height, weight, and motor-social development during the first 18 months of life in 126 infants born to 109 mothers with polycystic ovary syndrome who conceived on and continued metformin through pregnancy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We prospectively assessed growth and motor-social development during the first 18 months of life in 126 live births (122 pregnancies) to 109 women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) who conceived on and continued metformin (1.5-2.55 g/day) through pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The lengths and weights of PCOS neonates were compared with gender-specific Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) infant data. Gestational diabetes (GD) and pre-eclampsia in women with PCOS were compared with 252 healthy women without PCOS who had >or=1 live birth (262 live births).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 101 out of 126 (80%) term (>or=37 gestational weeks) PCOS births, which was not significantly different (P = 0.7) from controls, 206 out of 252 (81.7%). There were two (1.6%) birth defects. GD occurred in nine out of 119 PCOS pregnancies (7.6%) versus 40 out of 251 (15.9%) controls, P = 0.027. The prevalence of pre-eclampsia did not differ in PCOS versus control pregnancies (4.1 versus 3.6%, P = 0.8). The birth length and weight of the 52 male neonates did not differ (P > 0.05) from those of CDC males; the 74 female neonates were shorter than CDC females (48.9 +/- 5.4 versus 50.6 +/- 2.7 cm, P = 0.006) and weighed less (3.09 +/- 0.85 versus 3.29 +/- 0.52 kg, P = 0.04). There were no systematic differences in growth between PCOS and CDC infants over 18 months. At 3, 6, 9, 12 and 18 months, of a potential 100% motor-social development score, scores (+/-SD) were 95 +/- 13, 98 +/- 8%, 95 +/- 10, 97 +/- 8 and 94 +/- 16%; no infants had motor-social developmental delays.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metformin reduced development of GD, was not teratogenic and did not adversely affect birth length and weight, growth or motor-social development in the first 18 months of life.
authors.affiliation: Cholesterol Center, ABC Building, 3200 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA. glueckch@healthall.com
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Glueck
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pranikoff
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loftspring
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sieve
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001827:Body Height; D001835:Body Weight; D002657:Child Development; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015994:Incidence; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009048:Motor Skills; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012919:Social Behavior
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008687:Metformin