title: Brown widow (Latrodectus geometricus) major ampullate silk protein and its material properties.
abstract: Major ampullate (dragline) silk is the main web component as well as the silk that spiders use for a lifeline when they fall. This silk has a breaking stress of 4.6 GPa, which is similar to that of Kevlar. The majority of the previous mechanical testing studies involved the major ampullate silk from orb-weaving spiders. To date, there have been no reports on dragline silk mechanical properties from a cob-weaver, brown widow Latrodectus geometricus. L. geometricus dragline was found to be composed of MaSp1, MaSp2, and MaSp-like proteins all of which have highly conserved amino acid motifs, especially the GGX, GA and poly A for MaSp1 and GPGGX and poly A for MaSp2. These sequences are the same as those found in the silks of orb-weaving spiders. To determine if protein sequences influence the material properties of the silk, mechanical testing was performed on single strands of silk fibers from adult female L. geometricus spiders. The 3 cm long silk fibers were tested for breaking stress and strain with a MTS Synergie 100 mechanical testing system using a 50 g load cell with the cross-head speed set at 10 mm/min. The breaking stress and strain were measured for 20 replicate samples and averaged. The values of 0.83 +/- 0.19 GPa for stress and 0.14 +/- 0.06 for strain shows that brown widow dragline is weaker than the orb-weaving spiders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
authors.forename: Dagmara
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Motriuk-Smith
authors.forename: Randolph V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Lewis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004548:Elasticity; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008422:Materials Testing; D011487:Protein Conformation; D047011:Silk; D013112:Spiders / Q000737:chemistry*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D019476:Insect Proteins; D047011:Silk