title: Predischarge initiation of carvedilol in patients hospitalized for decompensated heart failure: results of the Initiation Management Predischarge: Process for Assessment of Carvedilol Therapy in Heart Failure (IMPACT-HF) trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Initiation Management Predischarge: Process for Assessment of Carvedilol Therapy in Heart Failure (IMPACT-HF) trial was an investigator-initiated study to evaluate if predischarge carvedilol initiation in stabilized patients hospitalized for heart failure (HF) increased the number of patients treated with beta-blockade at 60 days after randomization without increasing side effects or length of hospital stay.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Beta-blockers are underused in HF. Predischarge initiation may improve the use of evidence-based beta-blockade.
  
  
  METHODS
  The IMPACT-HF was a prospective, randomized open-label trial conducted in 363 patients hospitalized for HF. Patients were randomized to carvedilol initiation pre-hospital discharge or to postdischarge initiation (>2 weeks) of beta-blockade at the physicians' discretion. The primary end point of the study was the number of patients treated with beta-blockade at 60 days after randomization. Secondary end points included the number of patients discontinuing beta-blockade, median dose achieved, and a composite of death, rehospitalization, unscheduled visit for HF, or > or =50% increase in oral diuretic, new oral diuretic, or any intravenous therapy with diuretics, inotropes, or other vasoactive agents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 60 days 165 patients (91.2%) randomized to predischarge carvedilol initiation were treated with a beta-blocker, compared with 130 patients (73.4%) randomized to initiation postdischarge (p < 0.0001). Predischarge initiation was not associated with an increased risk of serious adverse events. The median length of stay was five days in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Predischarge initiation of carvedilol in stabilized patients hospitalized for HF improved the use of beta-blockade at 60 days without increasing side effects or length of stay. Predischarge initiation may be one approach to improve beta-blocker use in this population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Duke University Medical Center and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Wendy A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Gattis
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: Dianne S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Gallup
authors.forename: Vic
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hasselblad
authors.forename: Mihai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gheorghiade
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D004077:Digoxin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010351:Patient Discharge; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D002227:Carbazoles; D004232:Diuretics; D011412:Propanolamines; D000077261:Carvedilol; D004077:Digoxin