[Diabetes mellitus and tumors of the oral cavity--epidemiologic correlations].
OBJECTIVE
Numerous publications have already demonstrated that diabetes mellitus (DM) is a risk factor for the development of periodontal diseases and various inflammatory lesions in the oral mucosa. A possible correlation between DM and oral premalignancies and tumors was examined in this study, as no literature data are available concerning this problem.


METHODS
Stomato-oncological screening was carried out on 200 DM patients in the medical departments: The lesions found were classified in three groups: inflammatory lesions, benign tumors and precancerous lesions. Benign tumors were found in 14.5%, and precancerous lesions in 8% of diabetics. Earlier Hungarian screening studies indicated lower frequency of these lesions in the general population. A retrospective DM screening of 610 inpatients with histologically confirmed oral malignancies was also performed. The control group comprised 574 complaint- and tumor-free adults. Fasting blood glucose levels were determined in both groups, and the tumor location was registered in the cancer patients.


RESULTS
In the group of the oral cancer patients, DM was present in 14.6% and an elevated blood glucose level in 9.7%. These values are significantly higher than those for the tumor-free control group (p < 0.01). The gingival and labial tumor location was significantly more frequent among diabetic cancer patients than in the non-diabetic group (p < 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
The combination of DM and smoking means a higher risk for oral precancerous lesions and malignancies. DM may be a risk factor for oral premalignancies and tumors.
Ujpál
Márta
M
Semmelweis Egyetem, Fogorvostudományi Kar, Szájsebészeti és Fogászati Klinika, Budapest. szabo@szajseb.sote.hu
Matos
Orsolya
O
Bíbok
György
G
Somogyi
Anikó
A
Szigeti
Krisztián
K
Szabó
György
G
Suba
Zsuzsanna
Z
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002613:Cheilitis / Q000453:epidemiology; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D005928:Glossitis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D007971:Leukoplakia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D001786:Blood Glucose