The aging face in patients of color: minimally invasive surgical facial rejuvenation-a targeted approach.
We are in the midst of exciting times from a demographic standpoint as the population of darker-skinned people grows exponentially in the United States. Although there is a growing demand for facial cosmetic procedures amongst people of color, the total number of individuals undergoing surgical facial rejuvenation is dwarfed by the current Caucasian market. In order to provide optimal options for facial rejuvenation, cosmetic surgeons must have an underlying appreciation for the dynamic interplay among ethnicity, facial morphology, and the progression of aging. The purpose of the present article is to outline the minimally invasive surgical options for facial rejuvenation best suited for the patient of color. Although the population of individuals with darker-pigmented skin is quite vast, the present paper will focus on individuals of African descent, with whom the author has the most experience. Preferred surgical techniques include blepharoplasty, autologous facial fat transplantation, percutaneous cheek lift, and submental liposuction. Cutaneous surgeons familiar with soft-tissue surgery and facial anatomy should feel comfortable performing these techniques.
Harris
Monte O
MO
Department of Dermatology, Howard University College of Medicine, 2041 Georgia Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20060, USA. drharris@culturamed.com
D044383:Black People; D006801:Humans; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology