title: c-Fos phosphorylation induced by H2O2 prevents proteasomal degradation of c-Fos in cardiomyocytes.
abstract: Oxidants cause activation of the AP-1 transcription factor in cardiomyocytes. c-Fos, a component of the AP-1 transcription factor, is transiently induced by H2O2 and the induction is sensitive to the protein synthesis inhibitor cycloheximide. With high percentage gel electrophoresis, multiple c-Fos bands were resolved by Western blot analyses, indicating post-translational modification of newly synthesized c-Fos protein after H2O2 exposure. Treatment of immunoprecipitated c-Fos protein with the type 2 serine/threonine phosphatase A (PP2A) and immunoblotting of c-Fos protein with antibodies against phosphorylated serine or threonine demonstrated that c-Fos was phosphorylated at serine residues. A pharmacological inhibitor of JNKs inhibited the formation of multiple c-Fos bands without affecting c-fos transcription. The proteasomal inhibitor MG132 and Proteasome Inhibitor I extended the time course of c-Fos protein elevation. An increase in ubiquitin was detectable in c-Fos protein from H2O2-treated cells. Interestingly, treating the whole cell lysates with PP2A, but not calcineurin (i.e. PP2B), resulted in disappearance of c-Fos protein and MG132 was able to prevent this loss. H2O2 caused an elevation of PP2B and total phosphatase activity. The phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid, but not PP2B inhibiter cypermethrin, extended the time course of c-Fos protein elevation after H2O2 exposure. These data suggest that JNK-mediated phosphorylation of newly synthesized c-Fos protects the protein from being degraded by the proteasome. PP2B independent dephosphorylation contributes to degradation of c-Fos protein during oxidative stress response of cardiomyocytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona 85724, USA.
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coronella-Wood
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Terrand
authors.forename: Haipeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Qin M
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019703:Calcineurin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007163:Immunosorbent Techniques; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000378:metabolism*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism*; D019319:Okadaic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010768:Phosphoserine / Q000378:metabolism; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000737:chemistry; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D016877:Oxidants; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D011722:Pyrethrins; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D010768:Phosphoserine; C017160:cypermethrin; D019319:Okadaic Acid; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D019703:Calcineurin; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex