title: Response of descending vasa recta to luminal pressure.
abstract: We tested whether luminal perfusion and pressurization induce an endothelial cytoplasmic Ca(2+) ([Ca(2+)](CYT)) response in descending vasa recta (DVR). DVR isolated from the rat outer medulla were cannulated and subjected to free-flow microperfusion (5 nl/min); the onset of which increased [Ca(2+)](CYT) from a baseline of 76 +/- 13 to 221 +/- 65 nM. A graded increase in luminal pressure from 0 to 45 mmHg in stopped-flow experiments induced a parallel increase in [Ca(2+)](CYT) from a baseline of 74 +/- 24 to 194 +/- 33 nM at 45 mmHg, with a tendency for [Ca(2+)](CYT) to plateau at pressures >25 mmHg. The removal of extracellular Ca(2+) and blockade by either La(3+) (10 microM) or SKF-96365 (100 microM) eliminated the response. Luminal pressurization to 25 mmHg increased nitric oxide (NO) generation, a response blocked by NO synthase inhibition or removal of extracellular Ca(2+). The NO generation was not affected by the superoxide dismutase mimetic tempol. We conclude that DVR endothelia are mechanosensitive and respond to luminal pressure by elevating [Ca(2+)](CYT) and generating NO. That response might augment medullary perfusion and saliuresis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21201-1595, USA.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Thomas L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Pallone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D007679:Kidney Medulla / Q000098:blood supply*; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002118:Calcium