title: Prognostic factors in hanging injuries.
abstract: The objectives of this study were to review variable factors influencing outcomes in hanging and to identify prognostic factors related to outcomes. Forty-seven patients presented to our department. Eleven patients survived and 36 died. A significant difference in mean hanging time was observed between survivor (11.8 +/- 8.37 minutes) and nonsurvivor (50.81 +/- 61.9). In survivors, heartbeat was recognized in 63.6% at the scene and in 90.9% on arrival. Conversely, cardiopulmonary arrest (CPA) was recognized in all nonsurvivors and heartbeat was recognized on arrival in only 5.6%. Thirty-nine (83%) had a Glasgow Coma Score (GCS) of 3 on arrival. Three (7.7%) of theses 39 patients survived. In survivors, eight patients had a GCS greater than 3. A significant difference in outcome existed between patients with a GCS of 3 and those with a GCS greater than 3. Hanging time, presence of CPA at the scene and on arrival, and GCS on arrival represented prognostic factors of outcome in hanging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Nara Medical University, Kashihara city, Nara, Japan. tmatsuya@nmu-gw.naramed-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuyama
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuchi
authors.forename: Tadahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Murao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001237:Asphyxia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D002648:Child; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D013405:Suicide / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome