title: Rifaximin plus mesalazine followed by mesalazine alone is highly effective in obtaining remission of symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rifaximin plus mesalazine has been showed to be more effective than rifaximin alone in the treatment of recurrent and complicated diverticulitis of the colon. We investigated the effectiveness of the combination rifaximin/mesalazine followed by mesalazine alone to evaluate tolerability and effectiveness in symptomatic remission in uncomplicated diverticular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 90 consecutive patients (39 M, 51 F, mean age 67.2 yrs, range 32-91 yrs) with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease. We assessed the following symptoms, scoring them on a quantitative scale: 1) constipation, 2) diarrhea, 3) abdominal pain, 4) rectal bleeding, and 5) mucus with stools. All were treated with 800 mg/day rifaximin plus 2.4 gr/day mesalazine for 10 days, followed by 1.6 gr/day mesalazine for 8 weeks. They were re-evaluated at the end of mesalazine-alone treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-six patients completed the study (95.56%): the total score decreased from 1439 to 44 (p<0.001). 70 patients (per-protocol: 81.40% (C.I.: 67-94%); on intention-to-treat: 77.78% (C.I.: 60-85%)) were completely asymptomatic after the 8th week of treatment with mesalazine alone (total symptomatic score: 0), while 16 (per-protocol: 18.60%; on intention-to-treat: 17.77%) showed only slight symptoms (total score: 44). Two (2.22%) showed recurrence of diverticulitis after 4 and 6 weeks of treatment with mesalazine alone. Two patients (2.22%) were withdrawn from the study for diarrhea after starting mesalazine. Two others (2.22%) showed transitory pruritus (one) and epigastric pain (one).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that rifaximin/mesalazine followed by mesalazine alone is extremely effective in resolving symptoms in patients with symptomatic uncomplicated diverticular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Cristo Re Hospital, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brandimarte
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tursi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004238:Diverticulitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019804:Mesalamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012074:Remission Induction; D012294:Rifamycins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000078262:Rifaximin; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D012294:Rifamycins; D019804:Mesalamine; D000078262:Rifaximin