title: Factors associated with compliance and resistance to command hallucinations.
abstract: Command hallucinations (CHs) are hallucinations that direct the patient to perform an action. Beyond issues related to the danger that some CHs may pose, comparatively little is known about the broader clinical context of CHs. To investigate this, 199 patients were interviewed using the Mental Health Research Institute Unusual Perceptions Scale. More than two thirds of the sample reported hearing CHs. A quarter of these patients felt unable to resist them. Patients with CHs reported their voices more negatively than those who did not hear commands. More of those unable to resist CHs rated their hallucinations as intrusive, they had fewer coping strategies than those able to resist, and they were prescribed higher dosages of medication. CHs are associated with a greater degree of adverse hallucinatory and illness experience. Patients who experience CHs may have a more malignant form of the underlying disorder. Thus, CHs warrant special therapeutic attention for reasons beyond any harm that their commands pose to themselves or others.
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Research Institute of Victoria, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mackinnon
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Copolov
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Trauer
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011571:Psychoacoustics; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013067:Speech Perception; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014833:Voice Quality
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents