Telomere length homeostasis is achieved via a switch between telomerase- extendible and -nonextendible states.
Telomerase counteracts telomere erosion that stems from incomplete chromosome end replication and nucleolytic processing. A precise understanding of telomere length homeostasis has been hampered by the lack of assays that delineate the nonuniform telomere extension events of single chromosome molecules. Here, we measure telomere elongation at nucleotide resolution in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The number of nucleotides added to a telomere in a single cell cycle varies between a few to more than 100 nucleotides and is independent of telomere length. Telomerase does not act on every telomere in each cell cycle, however. Instead, it exhibits an increasing preference for telomeres as their lengths decline. Deletion of the telomeric proteins Rif1 or Rif2 gives rise to longer telomeres by increasing the frequency of elongation events. Thus, by taking a molecular snapshot of a single round of telomere replication, we demonstrate that telomere length homeostasis is achieved via a switch between telomerase-extendible and -nonextendible states.
Teixeira
M Teresa
MT
Swiss Institute for Experimental Cancer Research and National Center of Competence in Research Frontiers in Genetics, CH-1066 Epalinges/s Lausanne, Switzerland.
Arneric
Milica
M
Sperisen
Peter
P
Lingner
Joachim
J
D001483:Base Sequence; D002453:Cell Cycle; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000378:metabolism; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006706:Homeostasis; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019098:Telomerase / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D004247:DNA; D019098:Telomerase