title: Coordinate downregulation of CaM kinase II and phospholamban accompanies contractile phenotype transition in the hyperthyroid rabbit soleus.
abstract: This study investigated the effects of l-thyroxine-induced hyperthyroidism on Ca(2+)/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase (CaM kinase II)-mediated sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) protein phosphorylation, SR Ca(2+) pump (Ca(2+)-ATPase) activity, and contraction duration in slow-twitch soleus muscle of the rabbit. Phosphorylation of Ca(2+)-ATPase and phospholamban (PLN) by endogenous CaM kinase II was found to be significantly lower (30-50%) in soleus of the hyperthyroid compared with euthyroid rabbit. Western blotting analysis revealed higher levels of sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) 1 ( approximately 150%) Ca(2+) pump isoform, unaltered levels of SERCA2 Ca(2+) pump isoform, and lower levels of PLN ( approximately 50%) and delta-, beta-, and gamma-CaM kinase II (40 approximately 70%) in soleus of the hyperthyroid rabbit. SR vesicles from hyperthyroid rabbit soleus displayed approximately twofold higher ATP-energized Ca(2+) uptake and Ca(2+)-stimulated ATPase activities compared with that from euthyroid control. The V(max) of Ca(2+) uptake (in nmol Ca(2+).mg SR protein(-1).min(-1): euthyroid, 818 +/- 73; hyperthyroid, 1,649 +/- 90) but not the apparent affinity of the Ca(2+)-ATPase for Ca(2+) (euthyroid, 0.97 +/- 0.02 microM, hyperthyroid, 1.09 +/- 0.04 microM) differed significantly between the two groups. CaM kinase II-mediated stimulation of Ca(2+) uptake by soleus muscle SR was approximately 60% lower in the hyperthyroid compared with euthyroid. Isometric twitch force of soleus measured in situ was significantly greater ( approximately 36%), and the time to peak force and relaxation time were significantly lower ( approximately 30-40%), in the hyperthyroid. These results demonstrate that thyroid hormone-induced transition in contractile properties of the rabbit soleus is associated with coordinate downregulation of the expression and function of PLN and CaM kinase II and selective upregulation of the expression and function of SERCA1, but not SERCA2, isoform of the SR Ca(2+) pump.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Physiology and Pharmacology, Health Science Center, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5C1.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Narayanan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018657:Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D010766:Phosphorylation; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000099211:Phospholamban
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D013974:Thyroxine; D000099211:Phospholamban