title: Mouse models of infertility due to swollen spermatozoa.
abstract: Transgenic mice with male infertility, the c-ros knockout (KO) and GPX5-Tag2 transgenic mouse models, are compared. Both exhibit severely angulated sperm flagella explaining the infertility. As angulated spermatozoa are swollen cells, a failure in volume regulation is indicated. Differences between genotypes were also found: caudal spermatozoa from c-ros KO, but not GPX5-Tag2, could fertilise eggs in vitro; flagellar angulation occurred more within the epididymis of GPX5-Tag2 than c-ros KO mice; the osmotic pressure of cauda epididymidal fluid was lower only in GPX5-Tag2 mice; angulation of caudal sperm from c-ros KO, but not GPX5-Tag2 mice, decreased upon demembranation. These observations indicate that GPX5-Tag2 mice express an earlier, more severe defect. Gene chip analyses of the epididymides revealed decreased expression of the CRES (cystatin-related epididymal-spermatogenic) and MEP17 (murine epididymal protein 17) genes in both genotypes. Further analysis could pinpoint genes essential for epididymal regulation of sperm volume, explain infertility and suggest modes of male contraception.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Reproductive Medicine of the University, Domagkstr. 11, D-48129 Munster, Germany. cooper@uni-muenster.de
authors.forename: Trevor G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Ching-Hei
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Yeung
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wagenfeld
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nieschlag
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Poutanen
authors.forename: Ilpo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Huhtaniemi
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sipilä
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D048429:Cell Size; D004822:Epididymis / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007248:Infertility, Male; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009997:Osmotic Pressure; D010641:Phenotype; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C483813:Ros1 protein, mouse