title: Full-thickness intraperitoneal excision by transanal endoscopic microsurgery does not increase short-term complications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) is a minimally invasive technique for full-thickness excision of benign and malignant rectal neoplasms located 4 to 24 cm above the anal verge. Entrance into the peritoneal cavity during TEM has been regarded as a complication that mandates conversion to open laparotomy for adequate repair of the defect. This study compares the rate of complications arising from TEM with and without intraperitoneal entry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing peritoneal entry were compared to those who did not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No perioperative deaths occurred. There was no significant difference in the incidence of postoperative complications. No major complications occurred with peritoneal entry, and all peritoneal entries were closed transanally via endoscope.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Entry into the peritoneum during TEM is not associated with an increased incidence of complication. Entry into the peritoneum during TEM excision does not mandate conversion to open laparotomy but may be safely repaired endoscopically. Lesions likely to be above the peritoneal reflection and within reach of the endoscope (4 to 24 cm) should be considered for TEM excision.
authors.affiliation: Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Legacy Health System, 1040 NW 22nd Ave., Suite 560, Portland, OR 97210, USA.
authors.forename: Justine A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gavagan
authors.forename: Mark H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Whiteford
authors.forename: Lee L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Swanstrom
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009017:Morbidity; D018579:Patient Selection; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000601:surgery*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D011351:Proctoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012449:Safety; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000592:standards; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents