title: The effect of sulfur fertilizer on glucoraphanin levels in broccoli (B. oleracea L. var. italica) at different growth stages.
abstract: Three sulfur (S) treatements were imposed by applying gypsum to three broccoli cultivars (Claudia, Marathon, and TB-234) known to differ in glucoraphanin content of mature seeds. The S treatments were control (very low added S), low S (23 kg S ha(-)(1)), and high S (92 kg S ha(-)(1)). The gypsum applications during the early vegetative phase of the three broccoli cultivars increased S uptake and the glucoraphanin content in each plant organ. There were significant genotypic differences for the content of both S and glucoraphanin in all plant organs at different growth stages with gypsum applications. A large increase in S and glucoraphanin content was found in the green heads of broccoli and mature seeds. S present in glucoraphanin accounted for only 4-10% of total S content in broccoli heads. However, S present in glucoraphanin in mature seeds accounted for 40-46% of the total S in the seeds of moderate and high glucoraphanin cultivars (Marathon and TB-234). The partitioning of S into glucoraphanin also increased with gypsum applications. Differences in S uptake, S distribution between organs, and partitioning of S into glucoraphanin largely explained the differences in glucoraphanin content in the green heads and mature seeds for the three broccoli cultivars and three S treatments.
authors.affiliation: BioMarka, Joint Centre for Crop Innovation, School of Agriculture and Food Systems, Institute of Land and Food Resources, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010 Australia. nrangkadilok@yahoo.com.au
authors.forename: Nuchanart
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rangkadilok
authors.forename: Marc E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Nicolas
authors.forename: Richard N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Eagling
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Premier
authors.forename: Paul W J
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*; D002133:Calcium Sulfate; D005308:Fertilizers; D005947:Glucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis*; D005961:Glucosinolates; D007096:Imidoesters / Q000032:analysis*; D010091:Oximes; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013454:Sulfoxides; D013455:Sulfur
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D005961:Glucosinolates; D007096:Imidoesters; D010091:Oximes; D013454:Sulfoxides; D013455:Sulfur; D005947:Glucose; C119494:glucoraphanin; D002133:Calcium Sulfate