title: Well-being and instrumental activities of daily living after stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the relationship between subjective well-being and competence in instrumental activities of daily living after stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional with evaluation at six months post stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-two patients admitted to an acute stroke unit, of whom 64 were seen at six months. The mean age was 77.5 years, 55% were females and 55% were living alone.
  
  
  METHODS
  The General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-20 version), a well-being scale, was factor analysed and yielded three dimensions, named 'coping', 'anxiety' and 'satisfaction' that served as main outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Explanatory variables were the four subscales of the Nottingham IADL scale, the Ullevaal Aphasia Screening test, urinary continence and demographics. Structural equation modelling showed that the GHQ dimension 'satisfaction' related significantly to the Nottingham subscale 'leisure activities' (beta = -0.38, p = 0.01), whereas 'coping' was indirectly associated with 'leisure activities' by its correlation with 'satisfaction' (R = 0.26, p = 0.01). None of the outcomes were statistically associated with aphasia, continence or the background variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  'Leisure activities' demonstrated the strongest association to subjective well-being as expressed by the 'satisfaction' dimension. In stroke rehabilitation leisure activities should be addressed when assessing function and planning intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ullevål University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. unni.sveen@ulleval.no
authors.forename: Unni
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sveen
authors.forename: Bente
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Thommessen
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bautz-Holter
authors.forename: Torgeir Bruun
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Wyller
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Laake
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001007:Anxiety; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D011998:Recreation; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D014549:Urinary Incontinence