title: Hippocampus and entorhinal cortex in mild cognitive impairment and early AD.
abstract: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been suggested as a useful tool in early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Based on MRI-derived volumes, we studied the hippocampus and entorhinal cortex (ERC) in 59 controls, 65 individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and 48 patients with AD. The controls and individuals with MCI were derived from population-based cohorts. Volumes of the hippocampus and ERC were significantly reduced in the following order: control > MCI > AD. Stepwise discriminant function analysis showed that the most efficient overall classification between controls and individuals with MCI subjects was achieved with ERC measurements (65.9%). However, the best overall classification between controls and AD patients (90.7%), and between individuals with MCI and AD patients (82.3%) was achieved with hippocampal volumes. Our results suggest that the ERC atrophy precedes hippocampal atrophy in AD. The ERC volume loss is dominant over the hippocampal volume loss in MCI, whereas more pronounced hippocampal volume loss appears in mild AD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Kuopio and Brain Research Unit, Clinical Research Center, Mediteknia, P.O. Box 1627, FIN-70 211 Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Corina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pennanen
authors.forename: Miia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kivipelto
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tuomainen
authors.forename: Päivi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hartikainen
authors.forename: Tuomo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hänninen
authors.forename: Mikko P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Laakso
authors.forename: Merja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hallikainen
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vanhanen
authors.forename: Aulikki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nissinen
authors.forename: Eeva-Liisa
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Helkala
authors.forename: Pauli
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vainio
authors.forename: Ritva
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vanninen
authors.forename: Kaarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Partanen
authors.forename: Hilkka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soininen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001284:Atrophy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D018728:Entorhinal Cortex / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity