title: In vivo antiosteoporotic activity of a fraction of Dioscorea spongiosa and its constituent, 22-O-methylprotodioscin.
abstract: The antiosteoporotic activity of the 90 % EtOH fraction of the water extract of rhizomes of Dioscorea spongiosa and methylprotodioscin, its major constituent, were examined in the model of postmenopausal bone loss using ovariectomized (OVX) rats or mice. After 6 weeks treatment, the proximal tibia of rats or mice and the distal femora of mice were scanned by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Both the 90 % EtOH fraction (100 mg/kg/d) and methylprotodioscin (50 mg/kg/d) significantly inhibited bone loss in bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) in total, cancellous and cortical bones, and the decrease in bone strength indexes induced by OVX, without side effect on the uterus.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Natural Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Japan.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tezuka
authors.forename: Kyoji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kouda
authors.forename: Quan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Le Tran
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyahara
authors.forename: Yingjie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shigetoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kadota
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D027742:Dioscorea; D004144:Diosgenin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012503:Saponins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D012503:Saponins; C425324:methyl protodioscin; D004144:Diosgenin