title: Threshold detection using indicator-displacement assays: an application in the analysis of malate in Pinot Noir grapes.
abstract: The mathematics for modeling indicator-displacement assay isotherms is presented and contrasted to the classical host-guest binding isotherm. It is shown that the signal response can be tuned to occur closer to 1 equiv of guest relative to a standard binding algorithm. This delay in response leads to a better triggering protocol for threshold detection schemes. The determination of malate in Pinot Noir must was calculated using this new mathematical model, which demonstrates how a color change can be tuned to occur near a desired concentration of analyte.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The University of Texas, 1 University Station, A5300, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Piatek
authors.forename: Yannick J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Bomble
authors.forename: Sheryl L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wiskur
authors.forename: Eric V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Anslyn
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003116:Color; D003124:Colorimetry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008293:Malates / Q000032:analysis*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013644:Tartrates / Q000032:analysis; D013816:Thermodynamics; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008293:Malates; D013644:Tartrates