title: Association between size at birth, truncal fat and obesity in adult life and its contribution to blood pressure and coronary heart disease; study in a high birth weight population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between size at birth and obesity as well as truncal fat, and its contribution to cardiovascular risk in a high birth weight population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort-study with retrospectively collected data on size at birth.
  
  
  METHODS
  Reykjavik, Iceland.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1874 men and 1833 women born in Reykjavik during 1914-1935.
  
  
  METHODS
  Size at birth. Adult weight, height and skinfold thickness measurements, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Birth weight was positively related to adult body mass index (BMI) in both genders (B=0.35+/-0.14 kg/m(2), adj. R(2)=0.015, P=0.012 and B=0.34+/-0.17 kg/m(2), adj. R(2)=0.055, P=0.043 in men and women, respectively). However, high birth weight was not a risk factor for adult obesity (BMI>/=30 kg/m(2)). In the highest birth weight quartile, the odds ratio (95% CI) for being above the 90th percentile of truncal fat was 0.7 (0.6-1.0, P=0.021) for men and 0.4 (0.3-0.8, P=0.002) for women, compared with the lowest birth weight quartile. Truncal fat and BMI were positively related to blood pressure in both genders (P<0.05), but not to CHD. The regression coefficient for the inverse association between birth weight and blood pressure hardly changed when adding truncal fat to the model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this high birth weight population, high birth weight was related to higher BMI in adulthood without being a risk factor for adult obesity. The inverse association between birth weight and truncal fat in adulthood suggests a role for foetal development in determining adult fat distribution. The inverse relationship of birth weight to blood pressure seems not to be mediated through the same pathway as to truncal fat.
authors.affiliation: Unit for Nutrition Research, Landspitali-University Hospital, Iceland. ingigun@landspitali.is
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gunnarsdottir
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Birgisdottir
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Benediktsson
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gudnason
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Thorsdottir
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology*; D001824:Body Constitution / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D007055:Iceland / Q000453:epidemiology; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012885:Skinfold Thickness