title: Effects of BisGMA on glutathione metabolism and apoptosis in human gingival fibroblasts in vitro.
abstract: Aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the resin monomer BisGMA on the glutathione concentration (monobromobimane assay) and apoptosis (Annexin V/PI-assay) of cultured primary human gingival fibroblasts. Cells were treated for up to 24h with 0.001-0.25 mM BisGMA to determine growth curves using the DNA stain H33342. Subsequent Annexin V/PI-assays revealed that fibroblasts exposed to concentrations of 0.005-0.01 mM (non-cytotoxic) and 0.05 mM (ED(10)-concentration) showed no increase of the share of apoptotic cells compared to non-treated controls (5-8%), while 0.1 mM BisGMA (approximately ED(50)-concentration) caused a significant increase of the percentage of apoptotic cells (50%). Simultaneously to the induction of apoptosis, 0.1 and 0.25 mM of BisGMA caused a significant depletion of the intracellular GSH content after 18 h of incubation. Our results indicate that BisGMA at concentrations >0.1 mM causes an extreme depletion of the intracellular GSH pool as well as apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry & Periodontology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-7546, USA.
authors.forename: Joern
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Engelmann
authors.forename: Viktoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Janke
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Volk
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leyhausen
authors.forename: Nils
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: von Neuhoff
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schlegelberger
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Geurtsen
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003188:Composite Resins; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D005978:Glutathione