title: Fungal immunomodulatory protein from Flammulina velutipes induces interferon-gamma production through p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway.
abstract: FIP-fve is a fungal immunomodulatory protein purified from Flammulina velutipes, an edible golden needle mushroom thought to possess potent immunomodulatory properties. When examined for its effects on lymphocytes, FIP-fve exhibited potent mitogenic effects on human peripheral blood lymphocytes, inducing G1/G0 to S phase proliferation. T cells activated by FIP-fve show significant production and secretion of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) associated with intercellular adhesion molecule 1 expression but low detectable levels of interleukin-4 in vitro or in vivo. However, SB203580, the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) inhibitor, can fully abolish the production of IFN-gamma induced by FIP-fve. At the same time, SB203580 only partially prevents the lymphocytes from progressing from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle. These findings demonstrate that FIP-fve is a potent T-cell activator, mediating its effects via cytokine regulation of p38 MAPK. The immunoprophylatic effects of FIP-fve in Th2-mediated allergic anaphylaxis are believed to be associated with the ability of FIP-fve to enhance activation of IFN-gamma-releasing Th1 cells.
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Toxicology and Medicine and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Po-Hui
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chyong-Ing
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Sheau-Chung
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yu-Lu
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jung-Yaw
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jiunn-Liang
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Ko
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D037102:Lectins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D037102:Lectins; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases