title: Field efficacy of ivermectin plus praziquantel oral paste against naturally acquired gastrointestinal nematodes and cestodes of horses in North America and Europe.
abstract: The efficacy of an oral formulation of ivermectin plus praziquantel in the reduction of nematode and cestode egg counts in horses was assessed in 273 horses under field conditions at 15 sites in North America (n = 6) and Europe (n = 9). Horses were confirmed by fecal examination to have natural infections of strongyles (100%) and tapeworms (76%). Replicates of four horses were formed at each site, and in each replicate three animals received ivermectin (0.2 mg/kg body weight) plus praziquantel (1 mg/kg body weight) oral paste and one animal remained untreated or received vehicle paste. Fecal samples were collected for fecal nematode and cestode egg counting before and 7, 8, 9, 14, 15, and 16 days after treatment. Horses treated with ivermectin plus praziquantel oral paste had significantly (P <.01) lower posttreatment strongylid and cestode egg counts (reductions of 98% or more) than controls. Combined site analyses revealed that 95% or 96% of the horses positive for cestode eggs before treatment that were treated with ivermectin plus praziquantel were negative for cestode eggs at each posttreatment fecal examination. No adverse reactions attributable to ivermectin plus praziquantel oral paste treatments were observed. The results of the studies demonstrated that ivermectin plus praziquantel paste was highly effective in reducing egg shedding by gastrointestinal nematodes and cestodes, and no adverse reactions were observed in horses treated under field conditions.
authors.affiliation: Merial GmbH, Kathrinenhof Research Center, Walchenseestr 8-12, D-83101 Rohrdorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rehbein
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Holste
authors.forename: Michèle Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Doucet
authors.forename: Clara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fenger
authors.forename: Allan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Paul
authors.forename: Craig R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Reinemeyer
authors.forename: Larry L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sara E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Marley
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002589:Cestoda; D002590:Cestode Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005060:Europe; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000473:pathology; D006736:Horses; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011792:Quebec; D013319:Strongyle Infections, Equine / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017183:Strongylida; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000871:Anthelmintics; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011223:Praziquantel; D007559:Ivermectin