title: The extent of stability and change in episodic and semantic memory in old age: demographic predictors of level and change.
abstract: Structural stability and change in semantic and episodic memory performance as well as interindividual differences in 5-year changes in these constructs are examined within a sample of older adults (age rangeT1 = 60-80; n = 361). Interindividual differences in change were limited but significant. Stability coefficients were higher for semantic memory (.95) than for episodic memory (.87). Changes in episodic and semantic memory performance were strongly associated (r =.68). Across time, variances and covariances increased, and a tendency toward dedifferentiation in terms of increasing correlations was found. Chronological age was related to both level and change, but gender and education were only related to level of memory performance. Collectively, these results depict relatively high degrees of structural stability and stability of interindividual differences in declarative memory in old age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stockholm University, Sweden. loevden@mpib-berlin.mpg.de
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lövdén
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rönnlund
authors.forename: Ake
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wahlin
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bäckman
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nyberg
authors.forename: Lars-Göran
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged / Q000523:psychology*; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003710:Demography; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013548:Sweden