Swiss community pharmacies' on the Web and pharmacists' experiences with E-commerce: longitudinal study and Internet-based questionnaire survey.
BACKGROUND
There are multiple ways in which community pharmacies can present themselves on the Internet, e.g., as a platform for drug information or as an advertising platform for their services.


OBJECTIVE
To estimate the number of Swiss community pharmacies on the Internet over the period of 32 months (2000-2003), to describe their current e-commerce services, and to explore the experiences and plans these pharmacies have with regard to their Internet presence.


METHODS
A longitudinal study was performed to determine the number of Swiss German pharmacies on the Internet by conducting Internet searches in 2000, 2001, and 2003. In April 2002, a cross-sectional Internet-based survey was administered to explore the pharmacies' experiences and plans regarding their Web sites.


RESULTS
As of April 2003, 373 (44%) of 852 community pharmacies from the German speaking part of Switzerland were on the Internet. One hundred eighty four listed an e-mail address and were asked to complete a questionnaire. Of the 107 pharmacies answering the survey questions (58% response rate): 46% had been on the Internet for 1 to 2 years; 33% of the Web sites are part of a pharmacy group's Web portal; 31% of the pharmacies plan to expand their Internet appearance in the future; 74% provide e-commerce services, with 81% of those pharmacies filling five or less orders per month; and 12% plan on expanding their e-commerce services in the future.


CONCLUSIONS
The number of community pharmacies offering Internet services steadily increased over 32 months. Given the importance of the Internet as a tool for information, communication, and advertising for pharmacy products and services, it can be expected that the increase will continue. Pharmacy-group portals are important promoters of pharmacies on the Internet. For many community pharmacies, Internet portals that provide an Internet presence for the pharmacies and provide regularly-updated content (e.g., health news, tips, drug information) seem to be the most effective solutions. Even though 40% of the pharmacies already offer e-commerce services, these services are still of minor importance. For many pharmacists, the current legal regulations seem to be unclear. Most pharmacies want to maintain their Internet services.
Zehnder
Simon
S
Institute for Clinical Pharmacy, Pharmacenter, Klingelbergstrasse 50, 4056 Basel, Switzerland. szehnder@datacomm.ch
Bruppacher
Rudolf
R
Ruppanner
Hans
H
Hersberger
Kurt E
KE
D003132:Commerce / Q000639:trends; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007255:Information Services / Q000639:trends; D007256:Information Systems / Q000639:trends; D020407:Internet / Q000639:trends*; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D010593:Pharmaceutical Services / Q000639:trends; D010594:Pharmacies / Q000639:trends*; D010595:Pharmacists / Q000639:trends*; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D011787:Quality of Health Care / Q000639:trends; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland