title: Human interleukin-19 and its receptor: a potential role in the induction of Th2 responses.
abstract: Interleukin-19 (IL-19) is a newly discovered member of the IL-10 family of ligands whose function is presently undefined. We recently described its cloning and initial characterization and in so doing, noted that the induction of IL-19 by LPS in human monocytes was down-regulated by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and up-regulated by IL-4. This preliminary observation led us to speculate that IL-19 may play a role in the Th1/Th2 system and we examined this hypothesis further. Our results suggested that IL-19 is able to influence the maturation of human T-cells. CD4+ T-cells resulting from SEB stimulation in the presence of IL-19 contained a higher proportion of IL-4 producing cells than those developing in the absence of IL-19. This observation was complimented by the observation that fewer IFN-gamma cells accrued in the presence of IL-19, thereby suggesting that IL-19 altered the balance of Th1/Th2 cells in favour of Th2. Furthermore, in whole PBMC cultures, IL-19 up-regulated IL-4 and down-regulated IFNgamma in a dose-dependent manner. These results are presented here in review format, in the context of an overall discussion of IL-19 and its receptor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Biology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Room C-636, MSB, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. gallaggr@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Grant
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eskdale
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peat
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boniotto
authors.forename: Greig P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Lennon
authors.forename: Harold
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dickensheets
authors.forename: Raymond P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Donnelly
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007378:Interleukins; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C421250:IL19 protein, human; D007378:Interleukins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D016753:Interleukin-10