title: Forecasting of life threatening arrhythmias using the compression entropy of heart rate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ventricular tachycardia (VT) provoking sudden cardiac death (SCD) are a major cause of mortality in the developed countries. The most efficient therapy for SCD prevention are implantable cardioverter defibrillators (ICD). In this study heart rate variability (HRV) measures were analyzed for short-term forecasting of VT in order to improve VT sensing and to enable a patient warning of forth-coming shocks.
  
  
  METHODS
  The last 1000 normal beat-to-beat intervals before 50 VT episodes stored by the ICD were analyzed and compared to individually acquired control time series (CON). HRV analysis was performed with standard parameters of time and frequency domain as suggested by the HRV Task Force and furthermore with a newly developed and optimized nonlinear parameter that assesses the compression entropy of heart rate (Hc).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Except of meanNN (p = 0.02) we found no significant differences in standard HRV parameters. In contrast, Hc revealed highly significant (p = 0.007) alterations in VT compared with CON suggesting a decreased complexity before the onset of VT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compression entropy might be a suitable parameter for short-term forecasting of life-threatening tachycardia in ICD.
authors.affiliation: University of Applied Sciences Jena, Department of Medical Engineering, Carl-Zeiss-Promenade 2, 07745 Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Baumert
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baier
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haueisen
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wessel
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Meyerfeldt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schirdewan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Voss
mesh_terms: D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D005858:Germany; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics