title: Identification of Sp2 as a transcriptional repressor of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 in tumorigenesis.
abstract: Down-regulation of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 1 (CEACAM1) tumor suppressor gene expression is common in several malignancies including prostate, colon, and breast cancer. The mechanism that mediates this down-regulation is not known. Here, we report that down-regulation of CEACAM1 expression in prostate cancer cells occurs primarily at the transcriptional level and is mediated by Sp2, a member of the Sp family of transcription factors. Sp2 binds to the CEACAM1 promoter in vitro and in vivo, and transient overexpression of Sp2 down-regulates endogenous CEACAM1 expression in normal prostate epithelial cells. Sp2 appears to repress CEACAM1 gene expression by recruiting histone deacetylase activity to the CEACAM1 promoter. In human prostate cancer specimens, Sp2 expression is high in prostate cancer cells but low in normal prostate epithelial cells and is inversely correlated with CEACAM1 expression. Our studies show that transcriptional repression by Sp2 represents one mechanism by which CEACAM1 tumor suppressor gene is down-regulated in prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Dillon
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.forename: Chien-Jui
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galfione
authors.forename: Funda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vakar-Lopez
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tunstead
authors.forename: Nancy E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Richard R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Burgess
authors.forename: Sonia M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Najjar
authors.forename: Li-Yuan
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Yu-Lee
authors.forename: Sue-Hwa
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051704:Sp2 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; C069847:CD66 antigens; D002272:Carcinoembryonic Antigen; C486183:Ceacam1 protein, mouse; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; C497119:SP2 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051704:Sp2 Transcription Factor; C012589:trichostatin A; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases