T1/ST2--an IL-1 receptor-like modulator of immune responses.
Th2-associated factors such as IL-4 are involved in both the development of Th2 responses (via modulating Th2 cell differentiation) and in the effector phase of Th2 responses (via modulating macrophage activation). The IL-1 receptor-like protein ST2 (T1, Fit-1, or DER4) is expressed as a membrane-bound (ST2L) or secreted form (sST2), and has been clearly implicated as a regulator of both the development and effector phases of Th2-type responses. Here we analyze the mechanisms and therapeutic implications of the unique ability of ST2 to promote development and function of type 2 helper T cells through a positive feedback loop, as well as to act as a negative feedback modulator of macrophage pro-inflammatory function.
Trajkovic
Vladimir
V
Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia and Montenegro.
Sweet
Matthew J
MJ
Xu
Damo
D
D000818:Animals; D015536:Down-Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D015398:Signal Transduction; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
C079241:IL1RL1 protein, human; D000072179:Interleukin-1 Receptor-Like 1 Protein; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface