title: Evaluation of specialized laparoscopic suturing and tying devices.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic suturing and tying constitute advanced minimally invasive surgery skills. Developing proficiency in the standard methods with needle drivers is often an arduous process. Recent advances in laparoscopic instrumentations has allowed for easier methods of suturing and tying. This study investigated the hypothesis that the use of a specialized suturing device and a specialized tying device allows inexperienced medical students to suture and tie laparoscopically.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preclinical medical students who had not received any training in open or laparoscopic surgery were included in this investigation. Each student was given a 5-minute demonstration of a specialized suturing device and a specialized tying device. The medical students were not allowed to deploy either device before actual use. After the demonstration, each student was given the device to use in a porcine model. Times were recorded and a subjective grade was given for each student.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty medical students were involved in this study. All medical students were able to complete the task of suturing and tying. The average time to suture was 104.6 seconds and the average time to tying was 31.2 seconds. The average subjective performance grade was 90 (out of 100).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specialized devices are easy to learn and use for laparoscopic suturing and tying with minimal instruction even for inexperienced medical students. Even surgeons who are not well versed in laparoscopic surgery should be able to suture and tie with certain laparoscopic instruments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Tennessee-Memphis, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.
authors.forename: Atul K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Madan
authors.forename: Constantine T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Frantzides
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Tebbit
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Nakka V Aruna
authors.initials: NV
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shervin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D023421:Models, Animal; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013552:Swine; D013996:Time and Motion Studies