title: Vesicular glutamate transporters 1 and 2 target to functionally distinct synaptic release sites.
abstract: Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs) 1 and 2 show a mutually exclusive distribution in the adult brain that suggests specialization for synapses with different properties of release. Consistent with this distribution, inactivation of the VGLUT1 gene silenced a subset of excitatory neurons in the adult. However, the same cell populations exhibited VGLUT1-independent transmission early in life. Developing hippocampal neurons transiently coexpressed VGLUT2 and VGLUT1 at distinct synaptic sites with different short-term plasticity. The loss of VGLUT1 also reduced the reserve pool of synaptic vesicles. Thus, VGLUT1 plays an unanticipated role in membrane trafficking at the nerve terminal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Graduate Programs in Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Fremeau
authors.forename: Kaiwen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kam
authors.forename: Tayyaba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Juliette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Copenhagen
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Storm-Mathisen
authors.forename: Farrukh A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Chaudhry
authors.forename: Roger A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nicoll
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000502:physiology; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009435:Synaptic Transmission; D013572:Synaptic Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C493477:Slc17a6 protein, mouse; C493465:Slc17a7 protein, mouse; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins; D018698:Glutamic Acid