title: [Experiences in the treatment of midfacial fractures using a fixed-angle osteosynthetic system. Biomechanical results].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fixed-angle osteosynthetic systems are characterized by mechanical "locking" of the osteosynthetic screw and plate. These systems have found increasing acceptance and use for osteosynthetic fixation and temporary reconstruction of the mandible. The aim of this study was to investigate the applicability and performance of fixed-angle systems in the treatment of midfacial fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A newly developed fixed-angle osteosynthetic plate system (smart lock) was compared to a conventional system using fresh human skulls. The iatrogenically produced zygomatic fractures of the human skulls were treated by osteosynthesis and biomechanically tested. Furthermore, in a dynamic test series, an artificial bone was subjected to an alternating force of 15 N of up to 1,000,000 cycles. The new screws and plates were subjected to further biomechanical tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tests using the fixed-angle implants revealed that an increase of stability of up to 40% can be expected after osteosynthetic fixation. Furthermore, the plates resisted 1,000,000 cycles of alternating forces, whereby the conventional systems failed after 170,000 cycles on the average.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fixed-angle systems, due to their construction, provide a high degree of stability even in thin bones of the midface. They appear to be promising for the treatment of midfacial fractures.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Zahn-, Mund-, Kiefer- und Gesichtschirurgie (Nordwestdeutsche Kieferklinik), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf. flinzberg@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Flinzberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heiland
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vesper
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seide
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wolter
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Weinrich
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schmelzle
mesh_terms: D001732:Bite Force; D001863:Bone Screws; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D013499:Surface Properties; D015051:Zygomatic Fractures / Q000601:surgery*