title: Regulatory molecules for coronary expressions of VEGF and its angiogenic receptor KDR in hypoestrogenic middle-aged female rats.
abstract: We studied the effects of estrogen deprivation and replacement on the protein and gene expression levels molecules that can be considered to be essential for coronary angiogenesis in middle-aged female rats. The animals were subjected to sham operation, ovariectomy, or ovariectomy with estrogen replacement therapy (ERT). Following ovariectomy, protein and gene expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its angiogenic receptor (KDR) showed a marked decline in coronary vessels, as determined by immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization. ERT resulted in restoration of the ovariectomy-induced changes to intact levels. The coronary expression level of basic fibroblast growth factor was unaffected by estrogen deprivation or treatment. The changes in VEGF and KDR expressions were strongly associated with those in endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression in coronary vessels. Moreover, the age- and gender-dependent accumulation of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) protein appeared to be a determinant molecule of VEGF expression in middle-aged female rats. We reached a conclusion that the VEGF-KDR system plays a key role in coronary angiogenesis in hypoestrogenic elderly women and is critically regulated by estrogen, eNOS and HIF-1alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Subrina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jesmin
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitabatake
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D010052:Ovariectomy; D051381:Rats; D011920:Rats, Inbred WF; D012737:Sex Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D014157:Transcription Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D004958:Estradiol; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2