title: Prayer for health concerns: results of a national survey on prevalence and patterns of use.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prayer is a common practice in the United States, yet little is known about the prevalence and patterns of use of prayer for health concerns.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence and patterns of use of prayer for health concerns.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a national survey in 1998 (N = 2055, 60% weighted response rate) on use of prayer. Data were also collected on sociodemographics, use of conventional medicine, and use of complementary and alternative medical therapies. Factors associated with the use of prayer were analyzed using multivariable logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that 35% of respondents used prayer for health concerns; 75% of these prayed for wellness, and 22% prayed for specific medical conditions. Of those praying for specific medical conditions, 69% found prayer very helpful. Factors independently associated with increased use of prayer (P<.05) included age older than 33 years (age 34-53 years: odds ratio [OR], 1.6 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3-2.1]; age > or =54 years: OR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.1-2.0]); female sex (OR, 1.4 [95% CI, 1.1-1.7]); education beyond high school (OR, 1.5 [95% CI, 1.2-1.8]); and having depression, chronic headaches, back and/or neck pain, digestive problems, or allergies. Only 11% of respondents using prayer discussed it with their physicians.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An estimated one third of adults used prayer for health concerns in 1998. Most respondents did not discuss prayer with their physicians. Prayer was used frequently for common medical conditions, and users reported high levels of perceived helpfulness.
authors.affiliation: Division for Research and Education in Complementary and Integrative Medical Therapies, Osher Institute, Harvard Medical School, 401 Park Drive, Suite 22A, Boston, MA 02215, USA. Anne_McCaffrey@hms.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: McCaffrey
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Eisenberg
authors.forename: Anna T R
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Legedza
authors.forename: Roger B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Russell S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D029221:Faith Healing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012067:Religion; D014481:United States