Distribution of two species of malaria, Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax, on Lombok Island, Indonesia.
Medical and entomological surveys were conducted to determine the risk factors of Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax infections on Lombok Island, Indonesia, to find the risk factors and the main mosquito vectors for each malaria. Multivariate longitudinal analysis demonstrated two significant risk factors for infection with P. falciparum: disappearance of P. vivax parasitemia (p<0.001) and a specific study site (p<0.001). In contrast, younger age (p=0.024) and the interpolated virtual density of An. subpictus (p=0.041) were significantly associated with increased risk of infection with P. vivax. Thus, it seems that the distribution of P. vivax was determined largely by the presence of An. subpictus, whilst that of P. falciparum was influenced by antagonism with P. vivax. This result shows the importance of following-up treated P. vivax patients to identify recrudescence of P. falciparum in this area.
Nagao
Yoshiro
Y
Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. nagaoy@biken.osaka-u.ac.jp
Dachlan
Yoes Prijatna
YP
Soedarto
Hidajati
Sri
S
Yotopranoto
Subagyo
S
Kusmartisnawati
Subekti
Sri
S
Ideham
Bariah
B
Tsuda
Yoshio
Y
Kawabata
Masato
M
Takagi
Masahiro
M
Looareesuwan
Somchai
S
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007303:Insect Vectors; D007814:Larva; D016015:Logistic Models; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission; D016780:Malaria, Vivax / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011156:Population Density; D012307:Risk Factors; D017062:Small-Area Analysis