title: Inhibition of polyphenol oxidases activity by various dipeptides.
abstract: In an effort to develop natural and nontoxic inhibitors on the activity of mushroom polyphenol oxidase (PPO) the effect of various glycyl-dipeptides (GlyAsp, GlyGly, GlyHis, GlyLeu, GlyLys, GlyPhe, GlyPro, GlyTyr) was investigated. The inhibition study with dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA) as substrate is based on separation of the enzymatic reaction components by reversed phase HPLC and the UV detection of the dopachrome formed. The results have evidenced that several of tested dipeptides inhibited PPO activity in the range of 20-40% while GlyPro and GlyLeu had no effect. The study has also permitted the characterization of the following kinetic pattern: a linear-mixed-type mechanism for GlyAsp, GlyGly, GlyLys, and GlyPhe and a hyperbolic-mixed-type for GlyTyr. It was not possible to identify the inhibition mechanism for GlyHis, although it affects PPO activity. In addition the effects of GlyAsp, GlyLys and GlyHis were evaluated for lessening the browning of fresh Golden Delicious apple and Irish White Skinned potato. The effectiveness of such inhibitors was determined by the difference between the colors observed in the dipeptide-treated sample and the controls using the color space CIE-Lab system. The % browning inhibition on potato (20-50%) was greater than of apple (20-30%) by the all tested dipeptides. Only GlyLys presented the significant value of 50%.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento Chimica and Dipartimento di Controllo e Gestione delle Merci e del loro Impatto sull'Ambiente, Università di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy. Girelli@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Girelli
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mattei
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Messina
authors.forename: Anna M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Tarola
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000201:enzymology; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015416:Maillard Reaction / Q000187:drug effects*; D027845:Malus; D011198:Solanum tuberosum
chemical_list: D004151:Dipeptides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004156:Catechol Oxidase