title: Validation of the Turkish version of the Oswestry Disability Index for patients with low back pain.
abstract: METHODS
  Validation of a translated, culturally adapted questionnaire.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To translate and culturally adapt the Turkish version of the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) (2.0), and to validate its use for assessing disability in Turkish patients with low back pain.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The ODI is a reliable evaluation instrument for disability, but no validated Turkish version is available.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 95 outpatients with low back pain were assessed by the ODI. Sixty-five of these patients were observed on a second occasion. Translation/retranslation of the ENG version of the ODI was done blindly and independently by four different individuals, and adapted by a team. Individuals were given the ODI and other scales (Visual Analog Scale, Schober Test, and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire) on their first visit and a week later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Scores of the two ODIs were 27.10 (SD 16.22) on day 1 and 22.88 (SD 13.94) on day 7, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of r = 0.938 (P < 0.001). Cronbach's alpha was 0.918 (day 1) and 0.895 (day 7) in the validation. Concurrent validity, measured by comparing ODI responses with the results of Visual Analog Scale and Schober test, was r = 0.367 (P < 0.01), r = -0.068 (P = 0.591) for day 1, and r = 0.392 (P < 0.01), r = -0.041 (P = 0.745) for day 7, respectively. Construct validity, tested by determining the correlation between the Turkish ODI and the Turkish adaptation of the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, yielded r = 0.815 (P < 0.001) on day 1 and r = 0.708 (P < 0.001) on day 7.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Turkish version of ODI has good comprehensibility, internal consistency, and validity and is an adequate and useful instrument for the assessment of disability in patients with low back pain.
authors.affiliation: School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. yyakut@hacettepe.edu.tr
authors.forename: Edibe
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yakut
authors.forename: Tülin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Düger
authors.forename: Cigdem
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oksüz
authors.forename: Selma
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yörükan
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ureten
authors.forename: Deran
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Tüzün
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Frat
authors.forename: Sedat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiraz
authors.forename: Nuray
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Krd
authors.forename: Hülya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kayhan
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yakut
authors.forename: Cagatay
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Güler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000145:classification*; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D020127:Recovery of Function; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey