title: Arterial injuries: a sonographic approach.
abstract: Acute arterial emergencies can arise from direct traumatic injury to the artery or be spontaneous. This article emphasizes the various presentations of arterial emergencies. These include acute arterial occlusions; excessive bleeding; and hematoma formation caused by penetrating arterial wall injuries, pseudoaneurysms, and arteriovenous fistulas. The broad category of arterial occlusions includes traumatic lacerations, embolizations, and arterial dissections. Modern ultrasound equipment is a rapid and convenient imaging approach in many of these clinical scenarios. In combination with MR angiography and CT angiography, these noninvasive tests can diagnose the presence of most arterial injuries, and be used to measure their impact.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. bddavison@partners.org
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.forename: Joseph F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Polak
mesh_terms: D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D001158:Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000293:injuries*; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006406:Hematoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging