title: Iron-mediated removal of ammonium from strong nitrogenous wastewater from food processing.
abstract: The combination of microbial reduction and further microbial oxidation of iron was applied to the treatment of food-processing wastewater and recovery of ammonium. Fe2+ ions were formed by iron-reducing bacteria under anaerobic conditions. Ammonium was recovered by co-precipitation with negatively charged iron hydroxides produced during oxidation of Fe2+ by iron-oxidizing bacteria under microaerophilic conditions. The value-added by-product of this process can be used as a slowly released ammonium fertilizer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Environmental and Water Resources Engineering, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave., Singapore 639798. cvivanov@ntu.edu.sg
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ivanov
authors.forename: J Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Stabnikova
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Krasinko
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stabnikov
authors.forename: S T L
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Tay
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D005308:Fertilizers; D019649:Food Industry; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D007220:Industrial Waste; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D007501:Iron; D009584:Nitrogen