title: Rheumatic disease in an Australian Aboriginal community in North Queensland, Australia. A WHO-ILAR COPCORD survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate prevalences of rheumatic diseases in Aboriginal Australians.
  
  
  METHODS
  The methodology of the Community Oriented Program for the Control of Rheumatic Diseases (COPCORD) was followed. Everyone aged 15 years or older in Yarrabah, North Queensland, was invited to complete a COPCORD Core Questionnaire. Aboriginal health workers carried out a house-to-house survey during January 2002. People reporting current musculoskeletal symptoms and 56 others (controls) were examined at the community health center.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty percent of the target population was covered during the survey. Eight hundred and forty-seven questionnaires were completed (47% men) and 135 people refused, a response of 86%. Rheumatic symptoms within the previous 7 days were reported by 33% and past symptoms by 22%. The most common sites of current pain were low back (12.5%), knee (11.2%), and shoulder (8.9%). Sixty-seven people (7.7%) said activities were limited by their symptoms. Two hundred and sixty-three people were examined, and the most common diagnoses were soft tissue pain (point prevalence 7.4%), osteoarthritis (5.5%), and low back pain (4.3%). The cumulative prevalence of gout was 7.0% in men and 0.9% in women over the age of 15 years. The relative risk of gout associated with drinking regularly was 2.5, and with body mass index > 25 was 3.3. No rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus cases were identified, but there were 4 cases of psoriatic arthritis (point prevalence 0.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first unselected population study of rheumatic diseases in Australian Aboriginals. There was a high prevalence of gout among men, with modifiable factors of weight and alcohol identified.
authors.affiliation: James Cook University School of Medicine, Cairns Base Hospital, Cairns, Queensland, Australia. nicolaminaur@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Minaur
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sawyers
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Darmawan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011793:Queensland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014944:World Health Organization