The diffusive spread of alleles in heterogeneous populations.
The spread of genes and individuals through space in populations is relevant in many biological contexts. I study, via systems of reaction-diffusion equations, the spatial spread of advantageous alleles through structured populations. The results show that the temporally asymptotic rate of spread of an advantageous allele, a kind of invasion speed, can be approximated for a class of linear partial differential equations via a relatively simple formula, c = 2 square root of (rD), that is reminiscent of a classic formula attributed to R. A. Fisher. The parameters r and D represent an asymptotic growth rate and an average diffusion rate, respectively, and can be interpreted in terms of eigenvalues and eigenvectors that depend on the population's demographic structure. The results can be applied, under certain conditions, to a wide class of nonlinear partial differential equations that are relevant to a variety of ecological and evolutionary scenarios in population biology. I illustrate the approach for computing invasion speed with three examples that allow for heterogeneous dispersal rates among different classes of individuals within model populations.
Skalski
Garrick T
GT
Department of Statistics, Bioinformatics Research Center, 1527 Partners II, 840 Main Campus Drive, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7566, USA. garrick_skalski@ncsu.edu
D000483:Alleles; D003710:Demography; D005828:Genetics, Population; D008954:Models, Biological; D011157:Population Dynamics