title: Neurohumoral profiles in patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: differences to hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) or hypertensive heart disease (HHD) have increased concentrations of various neurohumoral factors. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the differences in the neurohumoral profiles of HCM and HHD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma concentrations of epinephrine, norepinephrine, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), angiotensin II and endothelin-1 were measured in 40 patients with HCM, 35 with HHD, and 15 controls. Additionally, the concentrations of these neurohumoral factors in the coronary sinus and aortic root were measured in 12 HCM patients and 10 controls. Plasma concentrations of norepinephrine, ANP and BNP were significantly higher in HCM than HHD and controls. In HCM, there was no significant correlation between the left ventricular mass index and any neurohumoral factor. The plasma BNP concentration significantly correlated with left intraventricular pressure gradient in HCM. There were significant differences in the plasma concentrations of ANP and BNP between HCM with and without left ventricular diastolic dysfunction. Transcardiac production of BNP was significantly higher in patients with obstructive HCM than in those with non-obstructive HCM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significant neurohumoral differences between HCM and HHD were the plasma concentrations of norepinephrine, ANP and BNP. In HCM patients, the plasma BNP concentration may reflect the intraventricular pressure gradient and left ventricular diastolic dysfunction whereas the plasma ANP concentration reflects only the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan. k-ogino@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazuhide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogino
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kinugawa
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Osaki
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furuse
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kinugasa
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomikura
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Igawa
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hisatome
authors.forename: Chiaki
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shigemasa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood*; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D011312:Pressure; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D016276:Ventricular Function
chemical_list: D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D009638:Norepinephrine