title: Lack of effect of 10 kV/m 60 Hz electric field exposure on pregnant dairy heifer hormones.
abstract: Sixteen pregnant Holstein heifers weighing 521 +/- 46 kg, at 3.3 +/- 0.7 months of gestation and 2.2 +/- 2.0 months of age were confined to wooden metabolism cages and were exposed to a vertical electric field (EF) of 10.0 +/- 0.4 kV/m and an artificial light cycle of 12 h light-12 h dark. The heifers were divided into two replicates of eight each. Each replicate was divided into two groups of four animals each, one group becoming the non-exposed and the second, the EF exposed group. The exposed group were housed in metabolism cages in an area where EF were generated, and the non-exposed group, in metabolism cages located in the adjacent area where the EF was less than 2% of that present in the exposed area. The test animals were subject to the different treatments for 4 weeks continuously. After 4 weeks, the animals switched treatment, the exposed group becoming the non-exposed group and vice-versa. Then the treatment continued for 4 more weeks. Catheters were inserted into the jugular vein of the animals, and blood samples were collected on twice a week to estimate the serum concentration of progesterone (P4), melatonin (MLT), prolactin (PRL), and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Feed consumption was measured daily and feed samples were collected twice a week. The results indicated that exposure of dairy cattle to EF similar to those encountered directly underneath a 735 kV high tension electrical power line carrying a maximum load of current, cannot be associated with any variation in the experimental variables mentioned above. An exception to this, is the variation in MLT, which was associated with the EF exposure. Due to the inconsistency of the MLT response in the different replicates, caution should be exercised in the interpretation of this phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne de Bellevue, QC, Canada. javier.burchard@mcgill.ca
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Burchard
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Monardes
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petitclerc
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005260:Female; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008550:Melatonin / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood*; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D011388:Prolactin; D008550:Melatonin