title: Current status of the utilization of antiepileptic treatments in mood, anxiety and aggression: drugs and devices.
abstract: Interventions that have been utilized to control seizures in people with epilepsy have been employed by the psychiatric community to treat a variety of disorders. The purpose of this review will be to give an overview of the most prominent uses of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and devices like the Vagus Nerve Stimulator (VNS) and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) in the treatment of psychiatric disease states. By far, the most prevalent use of these interventions is in the treatment of mood disorders. AEDs have become a mainstay in the effective treatment of Bipolar Affective Disorder (BAD). The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of valproic acid for acute mania, and lamotrigine for BAD maintenance therapy. AEDs are also effectively employed in the treatment of anxiety and aggressive disorders. Finally, VNS and TMS are emerging as possibly useful tools in the treatment of more refractory depressive illness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Stanford University Medical Center, 401 Quarry Road MC 5723, Stanford, CA 94305, USA. jbarry@leland.stanford.edu
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lembke
authors.forename: Kim D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Bullock
mesh_terms: D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008280:Magnetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants