title: Photodynamic therapy in cholangiocarcinomas.
abstract: Symptoms occur late in cholangiocarcinoma and therefore only about half of the patients at the time of diagnosis are candidates for curative surgery. In patients with advanced non-resectable cholangiocarcinoma palliative treatment options are limited. Until now, insertion of endoprostheses for the treatment of cholestasis has been the method of choice. However, tumour growth cannot be influenced and so that prognosis is dismal. Although radiotherapy and chemotherapy are frequently used, prospective, randomized trials showing an improvement in survival time are missing. Encouraging results from prospective, single-arm phase II trials and a randomized trial using photodynamic therapy (PDT) in non-resectable cholangiocarcinoma indicate considerable benefit on survival with a good quality of life. Furthermore, PDT is well tolerated, with only few specific side-effects. This is of great importance in patients with short life expectancy. PDT should therefore be offered to all patients with non-resectable cholangiocarcinoma. However, before initiating PDT or any other palliative measure, a proper staging and a surgical consultation is necessary to avoid missing a curative surgical option.
authors.affiliation: Department for Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Rue du Bugnon 46, Lausanne CH 1011, Switzerland. maria-anna.ortner@hospyd.ch
authors.forename: Maria-Anna
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ortner
mesh_terms: D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017323:Dihematoporphyrin Ether