title: Radioresistant laryngeal cancer: beyond the TNM stage.
abstract: Early stage squamous cell carcinoma of the larynx can be effectively cured by radiotherapy. Unfortunately treatment failures do occur and at present cannot be predicted by the clinician. This article reviews the potential molecular and cellular markers that may help to predict radioresistance in early stage laryngeal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Postgraduate Medical Institute of the University of Hull and York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK. p.a.nix@hull.ac.uk
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Nix
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Greenman
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cawkwell
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Stafford
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D005819:Genetic Markers