title: Diabetic rats treated by low molecular weight heparin OP 2123/parnaparin: morphological changes in the kidney and heart.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Early morphological alterations in the rat kidney and heart due to experimentally induced diabetes are described in order to evaluate the possible therapeutic role of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH; OP 2123/parnaparin).
  
  
  METHODS
  Our findings concern the alterations observed in the rat kidney and heart because these are the organs (together with the retina) mainly involved in the early morphological angiopathic modifications associated with diabetic damage of organs and tissues. In diabetic animals treated with LMWH, the Periodic Acid-Schiff (PAS) reaction showed a slight decrease when compared with the diabetic control group. Photographs were submitted to the quantitative analysis of images using a Quantimet 500 Image Analyzer (Leica) equipped with specific software. The following parameters were measured: (1) total area occupied by alkaline phosphatase (AP)-positive capillaries; (2) number and diameter of AP-positive capillaries; (3) distribution and total area occupied by PAS-positive structures (related to the intensity of the reaction resulting from the different amount of mucopolysaccharides).
  
  
  RESULTS
  LMWH treatment is efficient in preventing these modifications, above all in the kidney. The histological study of the heart and kidney shows no significant, relevant alterations. However, the histological study of the mucopolysaccharides in diabetic animals highlighted a tendency for the heart to accumulate these substances. LMWH treatment only modestly reduced this accumulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Previous evidence demonstrating a beneficial effect of therapy based on heparan sulphate proteoglycans and/or other heparin-like substances in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus seems to be confirmed by our experimental results in different organs of adult rats. In fact, parnaparin treatment is effective (in our experience) for ameliorating the morphological pattern observed early in some diabetic tissues of rats and, above all, in the kidney.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Anatomia Umana, Dipartimento di Farmacologia delle Sostanze Naturali e Fisiologia Generale-Sez. di Anatomia Umana, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. marco.artico@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Artico
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Santis
authors.forename: F M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Tranquilli Leali
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cavallotti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Celestini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cavallotti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D006495:Heparin, Low-Molecular-Weight