title: [Giant-cell tumors of the tendon sheath involving the hand or the wrist: an analysis of 141 patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Giant-cell tumors of the tendon sheath localized in the hand or wrist were retrospectively reviewed with respect to diagnosis, surgical treatment, and postoperative complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  During a 21-year period, a total of 141 patients (83 females, 58 males; mean age 37.5 years; range 6 to 77 years) underwent surgery for 146 lesions that developed in the hand (n=134) or the wrist (n=12). Involvement was on the right side in 77 patients, and on the left side in 64 patients. The mean follow-up period was 3.5 years (range 6 months to 11 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  On presentation, the most common symptom was the presence of a painless soft tissue mass. The most frequent localization was the volar part (76%) of the second (27%) and the third (24) fingers, or the proximal phalanx (57%). Forty per cent of tumors were encountered at ages between 30 and 50 years. The duration of symptoms ranged from one month to five years and the highest number of presentations fell within the first six months. In eighteen patients, radiologic studies showed osseous involvement, being cortical sclerosis in 12 patients, and erosion in eight patients. Postoperative complications included digital nerve injuries in four patients, superficial infection in three patients, and joint stiffness in 12 patients. Twenty-three patients (16%) developed recurrences within a mean of 3.7 years (range 2 months to 7 years).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taking high rates of recurrences into consideration, surgery for giant-cell tumors of the tendon sheath requires wide surgical exposure, attentive skills, and the use of magnification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medicine Faculty of Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Taçkin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozalp
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yercan
authors.forename: Cengizhan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kurt
authors.forename: Oğuz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Erhan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coşkunol
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005870:Giant Cell Tumors / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D006225:Hand / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014953:Wrist / Q000601:surgery