title: Oral vaccination of African catfish with Vibrio anguillarum O2: effect on antigen uptake and immune response by absorption enhancers in lag time coated pellets.
abstract: The impact on antigen uptake and antibody response by the addition of absorption enhancers to Vibrio anguillarum O2 antigen was studied in oral vaccination trials of African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Oral vaccination was achieved by feeding lag time coated pellets. The lag time coat prevents premature release of the encapsulated vaccine in the tank, before ingestion of the pellets by the fish. To monitor the antigen uptake, a competitive ELISA was used. The antibody response was measured using an indirect ELISA. Feeding of bacterin-layered pellets without absorption enhancers resulted in a rather low antigen uptake and antibody levels. The addition of absorption enhancers such as sodium salicylate, sodium caprate and vitamin E TPGS increased the serum antigen levels and specific antibody levels in the systemic circulation. Skin mucus antibody levels were higher after oral vaccination compared to the IP and control group. The addition of absorption enhancers in the oral groups further increased the antibody levels obtained in the skin mucus.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorium voor Farmacotechnologie en Biofarmacie, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Campus Gasthuisberg O+N, Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium. stefaan.vervarcke@pharm.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Stefaan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vervarcke
authors.forename: Frans
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ollevier
authors.forename: Renaat
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kinget
authors.forename: Armand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Michoel
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002397:Catfishes / Q000276:immunology*; D003652:Decanoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D012980:Sodium Salicylate / Q000494:pharmacology; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D014733:Vibrio / Q000276:immunology*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D003652:Decanoic Acids; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D014810:Vitamin E; C031071:decanoic acid; D012980:Sodium Salicylate