title: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling is involved in neurogenesis during Xenopus embryonic development.
abstract: Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) has numerous cellular functions, including cell survival and proliferation. In this study, we demonstrated that the expression of the active form of PI3K induced dorsal differentiation and axis duplication and strongly induced the expression of neural markers. In contrast, the inhibition of PI3K activity by its dominant negative mutant induced the phenotype of losing posterior structures and the expression of ventral markers. Akt is an essential target of PI3K for neurogenesis. The expression of the active form of Akt induced axis duplication and increased the expression of neural markers. Inhibition of the Akt activity abolished the PI3K-induced double heads and axes. This signal transmits through its target, glycogen synthase kinase 3beta, which is known to mediate Wnt signaling for Xenopus development. These results identify a new function of PI3K/Akt signaling in axis formation and neurogenesis during Xenopus embryonic development and provide a direct link between growth factor-mediated PI3K/Akt signaling and Wnt signaling during embryonic development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Nanfang Hospital, The First Military Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Bing-Hua
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Pai-Hao
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zongxian
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Xianglin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Marie C M
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ming-Liang
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Hsiang-Fu
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Kung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002470:Cell Survival; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D014981:Xenopus; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology*
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D012313:RNA; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051153:Wnt Proteins