title: Penetration of high-intensity Er:YAG laser light emitted by IR hollow optical fibers with sealing caps in water.
abstract: The penetration depth in water was measured for Er:YAG laser light in a high density relevant to clinical applications. Various types of focusing elements were used to guide the light efficiently. We found that the transmission distance depended strongly on the beam shape in the water. When we used a plano-convex type of focusing cap, the penetration depth was larger than that when a dome- or ball-type cap were used.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, Aramaki Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan.
authors.forename: Katsumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwai
authors.forename: Yi-Wei
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Mitsunobu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyagi
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jelinkova
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D004871:Erbium; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007834:Lasers; D055100:Optical Fibers; D014867:Water; D015019:Yttrium
chemical_list: D014867:Water; D015019:Yttrium; D004871:Erbium