title: Effects of pre- and post-bonding hydration on bond strength to dentin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study tested the hypothesis that the hydration condition of the tooth during bonding or storage may affect the bond strength of a single-step, self-etching adhesive to dentin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve extracted human third molars were transversally sectioned to expose flat, mid-dentin surfaces. Six teeth were dehydrated in ascending ethanol concentrations for several days while 6 teeth were kept hydrated in distilled water. The teeth were bonded with the single-step, self-etching adhesive One-Up Bond F (Tokuyama, Japan) according to directions. Resin composite buildups were constructed incrementally with Z 250 (3M ESPE). The bonded hydrated and dehydrated teeth were then divided into 2 subgroups and stored either in distilled water or in a dry condition for 24 h before being prepared for the microtensile bond strength test. Bonded beams of approximately 0.8 mm2 were tested in tension at 0.5 mm/min in a testing machine. Separate dentin disks were bonded with the adhesive and prepared for transmission electron microscopy (TEM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bond strengths of specimens stored in water were: 25.0 +/- 10.6 and 18.9 +/- 9.1 MPa for hydrated and dehydrated teeth, respectively. Bond strengths of specimens stored dry were significantly higher (p < 0.001): 46.1 +/- 21.4 and 40.9 +/- 19.1, for hydrated and dehydrated teeth, respectively. Two-way ANOVA showed that previous hydration condition of the teeth had no effect on the bond strength, regardless of the storage condition (p > 0.05). However, storage of the bonded teeth in water caused significant reductions in the bond strength, regardless of the previous hydration condition of the teeth. TEM showed massive silver nitrate impregnation in the adhesive layer of water-stored specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postbonding water exposure had a highlysignificant effect on bond strength of the single-step, self-etching adhesive.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Endodontics and Dental Materials, Bauru School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Bauru, SP, Brazil. ricfob@fob.usp.br
authors.forename: Ricardo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Franklin R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giannini
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Pashley
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003804:Dentin / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D003890:Desiccation; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D016622:Silver Staining; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C444701:Filtek Z250; D008689:Methacrylates; C446260:One-Up-Bond F; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol