The impact of folic acid fortification of enriched grains on an elderly population: the New Mexico Aging Process Study.
Fortification of enriched grains with synthetic folic acid is a potential concern for the elderly population who is at higher risk for Vitamin B12 deficiency. Consuming excess amounts of naturally occurring folate or synthetic folic acid can precipitate a deficiency of Vitamin B12, resulting in neurological damage. The purpose of this study was to determine the increase in folate intake in an elderly population due to the fortification of enriched grains. Three-day diet records of 320 participants (average age 76.8 years) were evaluated for total folate intake from food and supplements before and after the fortification of enriched grains. There was a significant mean daily folate intake increase of 63.8 microg due to fortification (p < 0.0001), raising the intake of total folate to 359 microg (89.8% of RDA). Supplements containing folic acid were consumed by 66% of the participants, raising the average total folate intake of supplement users to 793 microg per day. Only 5 participants exceeded the UL of 1,000 microg folic acid per day, with all 5 of these individuals consuming more than 1,000 microg folic acid per day from supplements alone. Folic acid fortification of grains does not appear to have increased the risk of excess folic acid in this population.
Sisk
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Department of Individual, Family and Community Education, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque 87131, USA.
Lockner
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Wold
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Waters
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Baumgartner
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RN
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002523:Edible Grain; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D005527:Food, Fortified / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009516:New Mexico; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000097:blood; D014806:Vitamin B 12 Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*
D005492:Folic Acid; D014805:Vitamin B 12