title: Sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay with urine samples: a tool for surveillance of schistosomiasis japonica.
abstract: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to detect antibodies to Schistosoma japonicum soluble egg antigens (SEA) in un-concentrated urine was developed. The urine ELISA was applied to samples collected in a schistosomiasis-endemic village in China. The levels of anti-SEA antibodies detected in urine correlated well with those obtained with paired serum samples (r = 0.694, p<0.0001). Among 129 serum ELISA positives, 112 (86.8%) were positive by urine ELISA, while all 40 serum ELISA negatives from a non-endemic area were negative. The levels of anti-SEA in urine samples were stable up to 8 weeks of storage at 37 degrees C, with sodium azide as a preservative. Therefore, ELISA with urine samples can be used for the surveillance of schistosomiasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi-ken, Japan.
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Tamotsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sho
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minai
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Daren
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hongbin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yong-Kang
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Zhinan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhong
mesh_terms: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000652:urine*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000652:urine*; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D012554:Schistosomiasis japonica / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013048:Specimen Handling
chemical_list: D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D007074:Immunoglobulin G