title: CD8+-cell-mediated suppression of virulent simian immunodeficiency virus during tenofovir treatment.
abstract: The ability of tenofovir to suppress viremia in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected macaques for years despite the presence of virulent viral mutants with reduced in vitro susceptibility is unprecedented in this animal model. In vivo cell depletion experiments demonstrate that tenofovir's ability to suppress viremia during acute and chronic infection is significantly dependent on the presence of CD8+ lymphocytes. Continuous tenofovir treatment was required to maintain low viremia. Although it is unclear whether this immune-mediated suppression of viremia is linked to tenofovir's direct antiviral efficacy or is due to independent immunomodulatory effects, these studies prove the concept that antiviral immune responses can play a crucial role in suppressing viremia during anti-human immunodeficiency virus drug therapy.
authors.affiliation: California National Primate Research Center, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA. kkvanrompay@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Koen K A
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Van Rompay
authors.forename: Raman P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Bapi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pahar
authors.forename: Donald L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Sodora
authors.forename: Casey
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wingfield
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lawson
authors.forename: Marta L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Marthas
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bischofberger
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000187:drug effects*; D000068698:Tenofovir; D014766:Viremia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D000068698:Tenofovir; D000225:Adenine