title: [Cardiac event recorder yields more diagnoses than 24-hour Holter monitoring in patients with palpitations].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Palpitations are a common symptom that sometimes results from a substantial cardiac arrhythmia. A 24-hour Holter monitoring is usually used, but the yield of this instrument is low in patients whose symptoms occur infrequently. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic yield and the cost-effectiveness of transtelephonic event recorder (TER) with those of Holter monitoring in patients with intermittent palpitations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and ten patients with intermittent palpitations were allocated to the study and randomly assigned to receive a TER or 24-hour Holter monitoring. TER was given to patients until recording was obtained while symptoms occurred or was used at most for 7 days. At enrollment, a basal trace was recorded. Patients with palpitations recorded the one lead ECG trace and sent it by phone (fixed or mobile) to the telemedicine call center where a trained nurse compared the trace with the basal one and checked the patient's symptoms. The cardiologist reported "on-line" all the traces sent in the presence of an arrhythmic event and "stored and forwarded" all the other traces. Standard methods were used for Holter recording and reading.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with palpitations during the examination were 119 (76.8%) in the group of TER and 74 (47.8%) in the Holter group (p < 0.000) with an efficacy increase of 29% for TER. In symptomatic patients there were no differences between the two groups about the presence or absence of arrhythmias checked in the ECG traces; the time necessary to make a presence/absence diagnosis of arrhythmias was 2.97 +/- 2.74 days with the event recorder. The total cost of 155 tests made with Holter was altogether 9605.35 Euro (costs per test 61.97 Euro), while the one of TER was 6019.2 Euro (cost par test 38.83 Euro). The cost-effectiveness analysis was 129.80 Euro for Holter and 50.57 Euro for TER, with a saving of 79.23 Euro for every diagnosis made.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TER allows to detect intermittent palpitations in real time; it is more useful and effective than Holter; moreover this effectiveness was also confirmed by the cost analysis in which TER resulted less expensive.
authors.affiliation: Comte (Consorzio per la Ricerca, Sviluppo e Sperimentazione di Sistemi di Telemedicina), Divisione di Cardiologia, Fondazione S. Maugeri, IRCCS, Gussago (BS). sscalvini@fsm.it
authors.forename: Simonetta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Scalvini
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zanelli
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martinelli
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marchina
authors.forename: Amerigo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: Fulvio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Glisenti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003199:Computer Systems; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017216:Telemedicine / Q000191:economics / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data