title: Mineralization of erythromycin A in aquaculture sediments.
abstract: Mineralization of erythromycin A was studied using two differently (14)C-labeled erythromycins A, which were added to aquaculture sediment samples obtained from the two salmon hatchery sites in Washington state. The added erythromycin A did not significantly alter the numbers of the total viable colonies and erythromycin-resistant bacteria. Erythromycin-resistant Pseudomonas species contained a constitutive erythromycin esterase activity contributing to the inactivation of biologically active erythromycin A in aquatic and sediment environments. The initial rate of mineralization of erythromycin A appeared to be governed by the rate of release of soil-sorbed erythromycin A. After a prolonged lag time, the S-curves of erythromycin A mineralization were observed probably because of the increase in the population density metabolizing it. This study suggests that erythromycin A is partially or completely mineralized by the sediment microbial populations.
authors.affiliation: Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, US Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Rd., Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
authors.forename: Yong-Hak
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyungran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pak
authors.forename: Jairaj V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Pothuluri
authors.forename: Carl E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Cerniglia
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D017756:Aquaculture; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011549:Pseudomonas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D004917:Erythromycin; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C046388:erythromycin esterase