title: Polyphenols from Camellia sinenesis prevent primary graft failure after transplantation of ethanol-induced fatty livers from rats.
abstract: Fatty liver caused by ethanol decreases survival after liver transplantation in rats. This study investigated if antioxidant polyphenols from Camellia sinenesis (green tea) prevent failure of fatty grafts from ethanol-treated rats. Donor rats were given ethanol intragastrically (6 g/kg). After 20 h, livers were explanted and stored in University of Wisconsin solution for 24 h. Prior to implantation, the explanted grafts were rinsed with lactated Ringer's solution containing 0 to 60 microg/ml polyphenols. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) release after liver transplantation was 4.5-fold higher in recipients receiving ethanol-induced fatty grafts than in those receiving normal grafts. Liver grafts from ethanol-treated donors also developed severe focal necrosis. Graft survival was 11% in the ethanol group versus 88% for normal grafts. Polyphenol treatment at 60 microg/ml blunted ALT release by 66%, decreased necrotic areas by 84%, and increased survival to 75%. Ethanol increased alpha-(4-pyridyl-1-oxide)-N-tert.-butylnitrone free radical adducts in bile by 2.5-fold, as measured by electron spin resonance spectroscopy, and caused accumulation of 4-hydroxynonenal in liver sections, effects blunted by polyphenols. Epicatechin gallate, a major polyphenol from C. sinenesis, also decreased enzyme release, minimized pathological changes, and decreased free radical adduct formation. In conclusion, polyphenols scavenged free radicals in ethanol-induced fatty livers and decreased injury after liver transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. zzhong@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Henry D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.forename: Mattias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Froh
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: Hartwig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bunzendahl
authors.forename: Ronald P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: Ronald G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Thurman
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lemasters
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D001646:Bile / Q000378:metabolism; D028244:Camellia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000633:toxicity*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism*; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D009336:Necrosis; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D000975:Antioxidants; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D005609:Free Radicals; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D000431:Ethanol; D002392:Catechin; C062669:epicatechin gallate; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal