title: Immunohistochemical detection of acetylation and phosphorylation of histone H3 in cervical smears.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Histones bind in a sequence-independent manner to form chromatin. The aminoterminal tails of histones are targets for both phosphorylation and acetylation events. These modifications are thought to fundamentally regulate chromatin structure to accommodate transcription, DNA replication, mitosis and DNA repair. Regeneration of squamous epithelium is accompanied by marked cellular atypia, nuclear and nucleolar pleomorphism which could be confused with neoplasia. The aim of the study was to detect phosphorylated and acetylated forms of histone H3 in cytological smears.
  
  
  METHODS
  Translational research.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Experimental Oncology, Masaryk Memorial Cancer Institute, Department of Pathological Physiology, Medical Faculty and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Masaryk University, Czech Republic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Smears from women aged between 20 to 46 years were selected. The specimens comprised 10 squamous metaplasia, 20 CIN I, 12 CIN II, and 14 CIN III. The smears were stained with polyclonal antibodies against phosphorylated and acetylated forms of histone H3.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that nuclear positivity for phosphorylated (P) and acetylated (A) forms of histone H3 in CIN II (23% P, 33% A) and CIN III (25% P, 44% A) was higher in comparison with CIN I (8% P, 15% A) and metaplasia (11% P, 12% A).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We revealed a marked association of histone H3 modifications with the progression of CIN II, CIN III in comparison with CIN I and metaplasia. Our results are in agreement with recent findings: 1. staining of cells with anti-phospho-histone H3 antibodies therefore provides a highly specific marker for mitosis. 2. acetylation of nucleosomal histones correlates with localised transcriptional activity.
authors.affiliation: Oddĕlení experimentální onkologie, Masarykův onkologický ústav, Brno.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anton
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horký
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuchtícková
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vojtĕsek
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bláha
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D000328:Adult; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008679:Metaplasia; D008875:Middle Aged; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006657:Histones