title: Urinary and faecal incontinence: a population-based study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the coexistence of urine and faecal incontinence in Swedish schoolchildren.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study of all schoolchildren in the first and fourth grades in the city of Eskilstuna. A questionnaire was used, in which parents reported the prevalence of urine and faecal incontinence for their children. with a response rate of 67%. Data were analysed with multiple logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Daytime urinary incontinence (at least once a month) was reported in 6.3% of the first graders and 4.3% of the fourth graders, while bedwetting (at least once a month) was reported in 7.1% and 2.7% and faecal incontinence in 9.8% and 5.6%, respectively. Daytime urinary incontinence was strongly associated with faecal incontinence; adjusted odds ratio (OR) 7.2 (p < 0.001) as well as with bedwetting; OR 4.1 (p < 0.001), whereas faecal incontinence and bedwetting lacked a significant association (OR 1.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that soiling and daytime urinary incontinence often coexist in Swedish schoolchildren. Collaborative treatment strategies with gastroenterological and urological content need to be developed for these children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, Huddinge University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Söderstrom
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hoelcke
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Alenius
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Söderling
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hjern
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004775:Enuresis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*