title: Application of stabilization/solidification technology on oil refinery sludge contaminated by heavy metals.
abstract: The oily sludge produced by petroleum refineries is classified as a solid hazardous waste, according to European regulations. The objective of this work was to investigate whether stabilization/solidification can be used as a management method for the oily sludge. The sludge samples used originated from a petroleum-storing tank and a centrifuge unit of two Greek refineries. The experiments were designed to study the leachability of the heavy metals Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, and Cu, which are contained in the sludge, using the Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP). Despite the fact that the metals were immobilized in a cement-based environment in the presence of organic load, leaching tests have shown a low metal leachability, less than 5%. Acid Neutralizing Capacity (ANC) tests were employed in order to estimate the acid resistance of the stabilized/solidified waste. In addition to ANC, a sequential TCLP test was employed in order to understand how the pH affects the leachability of Ni from the stabilized/solidified specimen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece.
authors.forename: Athanasios K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Karamalidis
authors.forename: Evangelos A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Voudrias
mesh_terms: D003252:Construction Materials; D006256:Hazardous Waste; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D010578:Petroleum; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D006256:Hazardous Waste; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D010578:Petroleum