title: Somatoform dissociation and adverse childhood experiences in the general population.
abstract: Childhood trauma has been associated with psychological dissociation, but there is evidence that trauma may also result in somatoform dissociation. We performed a general population study with 1739 subjects, using the Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire, measures of adverse childhood experiences, and sociodemographic background. The prevalence of high somatoform dissociation (Somatoform Dissociation Questionnaire >or=30) was 9.4% in the Finnish general population. Unemployment, a reduced working ability, and a poor financial situation were associated with high somatoform dissociation. Of the adverse childhood experiences, high somatoform dissociation was strongly linked to physical punishment but not associated with domestic violence, including sexual and physical abuse. The odds of high somatoform dissociation were also increased among men by a poor relationship between their parents, and among women by alcohol abuse in their childhood home. We found a strong, graded relationship between an increasing number of adverse childhood experiences and high somatoform dissociation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: Päivi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maaranen
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanskanen
authors.forename: Kaisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haatainen
authors.forename: Heli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koivumaa-Honkanen
authors.forename: Jukka
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hintikka
authors.forename: Heimo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Viinamäki
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004213:Dissociative Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D015995:Prevalence; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires