title: Polytetrafluoroethylene-covered nitinol stent-graft for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation: 3-year experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prospectively evaluate the use of a recently developed expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-covered nitinol stent-graft in preventing the need for repeated intervention after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-three consecutive patients underwent TIPS procedures between January 2000 and February 2002. Minimum patient follow-up was 9 months (mean, 16.3 months). Fifty-six stent-grafts were implanted in 53 patients; eight of the devices were 8 mm in diameter and 48 were 10 mm in diameter. The stent length varied from 4 to 7 cm. Indications for the procedure included recurrence of bleeding after sclerotherapy (28 patients with cirrhosis, one patient without), refractory ascites or hydrothorax (21 patients with cirrhosis, one patient without), and Budd-Chiari syndrome (two patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A technical success rate of 100% was obtained, with an early clinical success rate of 96.2%. During the follow-up period, the recurrence rate was 3.4% (one of 29 patients) for bleeding and 9.0% (two of 22 patients) for ascites. Shunt malfunction occurred in nine of 53 patients (16.9%); in one of these nine patients, shunt occlusion was evident after revision, and a parallel shunt was created. The 1-year primary and secondary patency rates were 83.8% and 98.1%, respectively. In this series, the incidence of encephalopathy (included even as a single short-lived episode) was 47.1% (25 of 53 patients). The 30-day mortality rate was 3.8% (two of 53), and the late mortality rate was 17.3% (eight of 46), excluding seven patients who underwent transplantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new PTFE-covered nitinol stent-graft used appears to be excellent in preventing the need for repeated interventions. A primary patency rate of 83.8% and a secondary patency rate of 98.1% were achieved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Sciences, Policlinico Umberto I, Viale Regina Elena 324, 00161 Rome, Italy. plinio.rossi@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: Plinio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Filippo M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Salvatori
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fanelli
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bezzi
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marcelli
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pepino
authors.forename: Oliviero
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Riggio
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Passariello
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000497:Alloys; D001201:Ascites / Q000601:surgery; D006502:Budd-Chiari Syndrome / Q000601:surgery; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D019168:Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012008:Recurrence; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C013616:nitinol; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene