title: Gender differences in condom-related behaviors and attitudes among Mexican adolescents living on the U.S.-Mexico border.
abstract: Adolescents are at increasing risk for HIV infection in Mexico. Research on gender differences in risk behaviors and determinants is needed to develop effective HIV prevention interventions targeting Mexican adolescents. This study examined gender differences in the likelihood of unprotected sex and theoretical correlates among high school students in the border city of Tijuana. Three hundred seventy high-school students completed a face-to-face interview and a self-administered survey. Differences in sexual initiation, condom use, intentions to use condoms in the future, and attitudes towards condoms in this population were assessed. Although male students initiated sexual practices earlier than females, females were more likely to have unprotected sex. Females perceived themselves as more likely to avoid unprotected sex in the future and held more favorable attitudes about condoms. The results suggest that stereotypical gender roles and communication barriers place Tijuana female high school students at higher risk for HIV infection than their male peers.
authors.affiliation: Center for Behavioral Epidemiology and Community Health, Graduate School of Public Health, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92123, USA.
authors.forename: Ana P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Martinez-Donate
authors.forename: Melbourne F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Hovell
authors.forename: Elaine J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Blumberg
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Zellner
authors.forename: Carol L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Sipan
authors.forename: Audrey M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Shillington
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carrizosa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico; D012309:Risk-Taking; D021841:Safe Sex; D012737:Sex Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*