title: Stomatal limitation to CO2 assimilation and down-regulation of photosynthesis in Quercus ilex resprouts in response to slowly imposed drought.
abstract: Holm oak (Quercus ilex L.) is native to hot, dry Mediterranean forests where limited water availability often reduces photosynthesis in many species, and forest fires are frequent. Holm oaks resprout after a disturbance, with improved photosynthetic activity and water relations compared with unburned plants. To better understand the role of water availability in this improvement, watering was withheld from container-grown plants, either intact (controls) or resprouts after excision of the shoot, to gradually obtain a wide range of soil water availabilities. At high water availability, gas exchange rates did not differ between controls and resprouts. At moderate soil dryness, net photosynthesis of control plants decreased as a result of increased stomatal limitation, whereas gas exchange rates of resprouts, which had higher midday and predawn leaf water potentials, were unchanged. Under severe drought, resprouts showed a less marked decline in gas exchange than controls and maintained photosystem II integrity, as indicated by chlorophyll fluorescence measurements. Photosynthesis was down-regulated in both plant types in response to reduced CO2 availability caused by high stomatal limitation. Lower non-stomatal limitations in resprouts than in control plants, as evidenced by higher carboxylation velocity and the capacity for ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate regeneration, conferred greater drought resistance under external constraints similar to summer conditions at midday.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Biologia Vegetal, Unitat Fisiologia Vegetal, Facultat Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Peña-Rojas
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Aranda
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fleck
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002734:Chlorophyll / Q000502:physiology; D003681:Dehydration; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D010788:Photosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000502:physiology; D018526:Plant Transpiration / Q000502:physiology*; D029963:Quercus / Q000502:physiology*; D012987:Soil; D014197:Trees / Q000502:physiology*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014867:Water; D002734:Chlorophyll; D002245:Carbon Dioxide