title: The involvement of the anterior cingulate cortex in remote contextual fear memory.
abstract: Although the molecular, cellular, and systems mechanisms required for initial memory processing have been intensively investigated, those underlying permanent memory storage remain elusive. We present neuroanatomical, pharmacological, and genetic results demonstrating that the anterior cingulate cortex plays a critical role in remote memory for contextual fear conditioning. Imaging of activity-dependent genes shows that the anterior cingulate is activated by remote memory and that this activation is impaired by a null alpha-CaMKII mutation that blocks remote memory. Accordingly, reversible inactivation of this structure in normal mice disrupts remote memory without affecting recent memory.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Neurobiology, Psychiatry, Psychology and Brain Research Institute, UCLA, 695 Charles Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1761, USA.
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Frankland
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bontempi
authors.forename: Lynn E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Talton
authors.forename: Leszek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaczmarek
authors.forename: Alcino J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological; D003463:Cues; D005239:Fear; D015870:Gene Expression; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D016762:Genes, fos; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000502:physiology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011939:Mental Recall / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases