title: RNAIII-inhibiting peptide and/or nisin inhibit experimental vascular graft infection with methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy of RNAIII-inhibiting peptide (RIP) and nisin as prophylactic agents in a rat model of vascular graft infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, controlled animal study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and twenty adult male Wistar rats. Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228 and one clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis. Drugs: RIP, nisin and rifampin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Graft infections were established in the dorsal subcutaneous tissue by implantation of 1 cm(2) sterile Dacron grafts, followed by topical bacterial inoculation: grafts were retrieved at 7 days. The study included a control group (without inoculation) and two series composed of five groups for each staphylococcal strain: one contaminated group that did not receive any antibiotic prophylaxis, three contaminated groups that received grafts soaked with 10 mg/l RIP, 10 mg/l nisin, 10 mg/l rifampin, or RIP+nisin. The main outcome measure was the extent of bacterial at graft harvest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bacterial counts for methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis on explanted grafts were 6.1+/-2.8x10(2), 7.8+/-3.0x10(3) and 5.5+/-2.9x10(4) for RIP, nisin and rifampin, respectively. RIP and nisin used in combination reduced the bacterial count to <10. The results for S. epidermidis were similar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RIP and nisin could be used in combination to coat medical devices to prevent drug resistant S. epidermidis infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, INRCA IRRCS, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ghiselli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giacometti
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cirioni
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dell'Acqua
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mocchegiani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Orlando
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Amato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rocchi
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scalise
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Saba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D008297:Male; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D009561:Nisin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009842:Oligopeptides; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; C111711:RNAIII inhibiting peptide; D009561:Nisin