title: Predictors of stroke in patients paced for sick sinus syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was an analysis of factors associated with stroke in a population of patients paced for sinus node dysfunction in a large prospective clinical trial (Mode Selection Trial [MOST]).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The effects of dual-chamber versus single-chamber ventricular pacing on subsequent stroke in patients with sinus node dysfunction are not known.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2,010 patients with sinus node dysfunction were randomized to ventricular or dual-chamber pacing and followed for a median of 33.1 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median participant age was 74 years. During 5,664 patient-years of follow-up, 90 strokes (11 hemorrhagic) occurred. By life-table analysis, the rate of stroke was 2.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.6 to 2.9) at one year and 5.8% (95% CI 4.5 to 7.1) at four years. The incidence of stroke was not significantly different in dual-chamber (4%) as compared with ventricular-paced patients (4.9%) (hazard ratio [HR] 0.82, 95% CI 0.54 to 1.25, p = 0.36). Multivariable analysis demonstrated that significant predictors of stroke included prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, Caucasian race, hypertension, prior systemic embolism, and New York Heart Association functional class III or IV (p < 0.05); pacing mode remained non-significant after adjustment for these factors (p = 0.37). Clinically reported atrial fibrillation after implantation was a risk factor for stroke in this cohort after adjustment for other predictors of stroke (p = 0.042, HR 1.68 [95% CI 1.02 to 2.76]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical characteristics, but not mode of pacing, were associated with subsequent stroke in patients paced for sinus node dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Jefferson Medical College and Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA. greenspon@jefferson.edu
authors.forename: Arnold J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Greenspon
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Anne S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Hellkamp
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Silver
authors.forename: Greg C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Flaker
authors.forename: Eleanor
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schron
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Goldman
authors.forename: Kerry L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Gervasio A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Lamas
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012804:Sick Sinus Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014859:Warfarin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D014859:Warfarin; D001241:Aspirin