title: Effects of vitamin-mineral supplementation on cardiac marker and radical scavenging enzymes, and MDA levels in young swimmers.
abstract: The relationship among the enzyme activities of cardiac markers, the antioxidant defense system, and erythrocyte membrane malonyldialdehyde (MDA) levels related to vitamin-mineral supplementation in swim exercise was investigated. Swimmers aged 11 - 13 years were divided into 2 separate groups as control and vitamin-mineral supplemented. Swimmers participated in a monthly swimming program (4 times/wk) and swam approximately 2- 2.5 km/d. Cardiac markers such as creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CK - MB), glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase [GOT (AST)], lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and anti-oxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in post-training samples were found to be significantly (p<.05) higher than in pre-training samples. Except for GOT (AST), the activity increases in CK, CK-MB, and LDH in female and male supplemented groups were significantly (p<.05) lower than those of control groups during the 1-month period of swim training. Antioxidant enzyme activity increases in the male vitamin-mineral group were significantly (p <.05) higher when compared with the other groups. Post-training MDA levels were significantly (p <.001) higher than pre-training MDA levels in the control groups, whereas no significant (p<.05) differences were found between the vitamin-mineral supplemented groups. Vitamin-mineral supplementation was found to attenuate cardiac and muscle damage markers while also enhancing antioxidant levels and reducing membrane LPO levels in response to 1 month of swim training.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Arts and Sciences in the Department of Chemistry at the University of Dokuz Eylül, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cavas
authors.forename: Leman
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tarhan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006321:Heart; D006801:Humans; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood*; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D015415:Biomarkers; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008903:Minerals; D014815:Vitamins; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D003402:Creatine Kinase