title: Genes encoding endothelin-converting enzyme-1 and endothelin-1 interact to influence blood pressure in women: the EVA study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoactive peptide that has been implicated in the regulation of basal vascular tone. Endothelin-converting enzyme-1 (ECE-1), the main enzyme responsible for ET-1 generation, may contribute to blood pressure (BP) control. A possible association between a polymorphism of the gene encoding ECE-1 (ECE1B C-338A) and BP values in untreated hypertensive women was recently reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We studied the influence of the ECE1B C-338A polymorphism on BP levels in 1189 subjects participating in the Etude du Vieillissement Artériel (EVA study), and looked for an interaction between this variant and a polymorphism of the ET-1 gene (EDN1 K198N).
  
  
  METHODS
  The ECE1B C-338A polymorphism was genotyped in 491 men and 698 women; 477 men and 669 women could also be genotyped for the EDN1 K198N polymorphism. Associations between BP levels and genotypes were assessed by ANOVA; ANCOVA was used to control for covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found an association between the ECE1B C-338A polymorphism and BP levels in women but not in men. Specifically, females homozygous for the A allele had significantly higher systolic, diastolic and mean BP levels (P = 0.01, 0.02, 0.006 respectively, after adjustment for age and body mass index). Genotyping of the EDN1 K198N polymorphism showed that this variant was not associated with BP values in either men or women, but interacted with the ECE1 variant to influence systolic and mean BP levels in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results from this large association study suggest that the genes encoding ECE-1 and ET-1 interact to modulate BP levels in women.
authors.affiliation: Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 573, Centre Paul-Broca, Paris, France. benoit.funalot@broca.inserm.fr
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Funalot
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Courbon
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brousseau
authors.forename: Odette
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Poirier
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berr
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cambien
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Amouyel
authors.forename: Jean-Charles
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ducimetière
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics*; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D000072396:Endothelin-Converting Enzymes; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C000606923:ECE1 protein, human; D000072396:Endothelin-Converting Enzymes