title: Determinants of participation in treatment decision-making by older breast cancer patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the impact of patient age and patient-physician communication on older breast cancer patients' participation in treatment decision-making.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional survey of breast cancer patients aged 55 years or older (n = 222) in Los Angeles County. Patients received a breast cancer diagnosis between 1998 and 2000, and were interviewed on average 7.1 months (SD = 2.9) from diagnosis. All patient-physician communication variables were measured by patient self-report. Patient participation in treatment decision-making was defined by (1) questioning the surgeon about treatment, and (2) perception of self as the final decision-maker.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In multiple logistic regression analyses, surgeons' specific solicitation of patients' input about treatment preferences had positive relationships with both dimensions of patient participation in decision-making, that is, questioning the surgeon (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 2.09, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.05-4.16) and perceiving oneself to be the final decision-maker (OR = 2.38, CI = 1.08-5.28), controlling for patients' sociodemographic and case-mix characteristics and social support. Greater emotional support from surgeons was negatively associated with patient perception of being the final decision-maker. Physicians' information-giving and patient age were not associated with the participation measures. However, greater patient-perceived self-efficacy in patient-physician interactions was related to participation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In breast cancer patients aged 55 years and older, surgeons' solicitation of patients' treatment preferences was a powerful independent predictor of patient participation in treatment decision-making, as was patient's self-efficacy in interacting with physicians. Increasing both physicians' and patients' partnership-building skills might enhance the quality of treatment decision-making and treatment outcomes in this burgeoning patient population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90024-2933, USA. rmaly@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Rose C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Maly
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Umezawa
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leake
authors.forename: Rebecca A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Silliman
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D015141:Los Angeles; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010358:Patient Participation; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D020377:Self Efficacy