title: Formation of short-lived positron emitters in reactions of protons of energies up to 200 MeV with the target elements carbon, nitrogen and oxygen.
abstract: Excitation functions were measured by the stacked-foil technique for proton induced reactions on carbon, nitrogen and oxygen leading to the formation of the short-lived positron emitters (11)C (T(1/2) = 20.38 min) and (13)N (T(1/2) = 9.96 min). The energy region covered extended up to 200 MeV. The product activity was measured non-destructively via gamma-ray spectrometry. A careful decay curve analysis of the positron annihilation radiation was invariably performed. The experimental results were compared with theoretical data obtained using the modified hybrid nuclear model code ALICE-IPPE for intermediate energies. The agreement was found to be generally satisfactory. The data are of importance in proton therapy.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Nuklearchemie, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kettern
authors.forename: Yu N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Shubin
authors.forename: G F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Steyn
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Van Der Walt
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Coenen
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Qaim
mesh_terms: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D004583:Electrons; D009590:Nitrogen Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D009590:Nitrogen Radioisotopes; D010104:Oxygen Radioisotopes