title: Fluoroquinolone resistance in clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Asian countries: ANSORP study.
abstract: Seventeen clinical isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae showing reduced susceptibility to ciprofloxacin (MIC >/= 4 micro g/ml) collected from eight different Asian countries were analyzed by antimicrobial susceptibility, serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and DNA sequencing of the quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDRs) in gyrA, gyrB, parC, and parE. All isolates but one showed more than one amino acid alteration in QRDRs of four responsible genes. Ile460 --> Val in parE was the most common mutation. Data suggest that Lys137 --> Asn in parC may be a primary step in the development of high-level and multiple FQ resistance. An additional mutation of Ser81 --> Phe in gyrA resulted in high-level resistance to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and gatifloxacin, whereas Ser79 --> Phe in parC may exert an important role in the development of moxifloxacin resistance. Two novel amino acid changes in gyrB, Ala390 --> Val and Asn423 --> Thr, were found. Data from PFGE suggest an introduction and local spread of multiple resistant Spain(23F)-1 clone in Hong Kong, but isolates from other Asian countries were not related to this clone.
authors.affiliation: Samsung Medical Centre, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Won Sup
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Ji Yoeun
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: Jae-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Kwan Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Sook-In
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Kyong Ran
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Peck
authors.forename: Nam Yong
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yonghong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Anan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chongthaleong
authors.forename: Cheng-Hsun
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Adeeba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kamarulzaman
authors.forename: Navartnam
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Parasakthi
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lalitha
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.forename: Ti Teow
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: Gamini
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kumarasinghe
authors.forename: Celia C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Carlos
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001208:Asia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV; D027081:DNA Gyrase