title: Transcriptome changes in foxtail millet genotypes at high salinity: identification and characterization of a PHGPX gene specifically upregulated by NaCl in a salt-tolerant line.
abstract: Using a macro array filter with 711 cDNA inserts representing 620 unigenes selected from a barley EST collection, we identified transcripts differentially expressed in salt (NaCl)-treated tolerant (cv. Prasad) and sensitive (cv. Lepakshi) seedlings of foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.). Transcripts of hydrogen peroxide scavenging enzymes such as phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPX), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalase 1 (CAT1) in addition to some genes of cellular metabolism were found to be especially up-regulated at high salinity in the tolerant line. To analyse this process at the protein level we examined protein expression patterns under various stress conditions. A 25 kD protein with a pI of 4.8 was found to be induced prominently under high salt concentrations (250 mmol/L). This salt-induced 25 kD protein has been purified and identified by peptide sequencing as PHGPX protein. The increase of the PHGPX protein level under salt stress in the tolerant line parallels the PHGPX mRNA results of array analysis but was more pronounced. We cloned and characterized the foxtail millet PHGPX cDNA, which shows 85% and 95% homology at the DNA and protein level, respectively, to one stress-induced member of the small barley PHGPX gene family encoding non-selenium glutathione peroxidases. As shown by Southern blot analysis, a small family of PHGPX genes exists in foxtail millet, too. The specific expression pattern of the PHGPX gene in salt-induced tolerant millet seedlings suggests that its product plays an important role in the defense reaction against salt-induced oxidative damage and that the characterized glutathione peroxidase is one of the components conferring resistance against salt to the tolerant foxtail millet cultivar.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pflanzengenetik und Kulturpflanzenforschung, 06466 Gatersleben, Germany.
authors.forename: Nese
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sreenivasulu
authors.forename: Manoela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Harischandra Sripathy
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wobus
authors.forename: Winfriede
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Weschke
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D005838:Genotype; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D000080662:Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D032983:Setaria Plant / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D000080662:Phospholipid Hydroperoxide Glutathione Peroxidase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase