title: Abnormal systemic venous connection possibly associated with a persistent right umbilical vein; a case report.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Abnormal venous connections involving a persistent right umbilical vein are rare. In a minority of cases the liver is entirely bypassed and the condition is associated with multiple congenital malformations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The described case illustrates a systemic venous drainage that was severely abnormal in a newborn girl with a truncus arteriosus type II congenital heart defect. Injection of contrast medium through the umbilical vein catheter revealed a very peculiar venous connection that passed anterio-laterally through the right hemithorax before crossing in an oblique fashion towards the superior vena cava.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This venous drainage may be the result of a persistent right umbilical vein connecting with the superior vena cava.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Rikshospitalet University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. britt.nakstad@ahus.no
authors.forename: Britt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nakstad
authors.forename: Bjarne
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Smevik
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D014339:Truncus Arteriosus, Persistent; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000002:abnormalities*; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000002:abnormalities*