title: Impact of transurethral resection of bladder tumor: analysis of cystectomy specimens to evaluate for residual tumor.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the impact of transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT) on the outcome of patients with bladder cancer who undergo subsequent cystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of 90 patients with pathologic Stage T2 or less transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder at our institute. Before radical cystectomy, TURBT was performed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in all patients. We used the term "complete TURBT" in the following situations: no residual tumor endoscopically after TURBT, the presence of a muscle layer in the TURBT specimen, and no gross residual tumor in the cystectomy specimen as evaluated by a pathologist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences in the completeness of TURBT were observed by age, sex, tumor multiplicity, shape, history of previous TURBT, tumor grade, or stage. Of 21 patients with superficial bladder tumors who had undergone incomplete resection, 14 (66.7%) had a higher stage on the cystectomy specimen; 3 (17.7%) of 17 patients had a higher stage in the complete TURBT group. Of 34 patients with an invasive tumor who underwent complete TURBT, 10 (29.4%) had an identical pathologic stage after cystectomy; the remaining patients had a lower stage. However, only 3 (16.7%) of 18 patients had a lower stage in the incomplete resection group. Of patients with Stage T2, those with pT0 stage had a better chance of survival than those with residual tumor (P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings indicate that the completeness of TURBT is an important aspect of patient outcome in cases of superficial or invasive bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: In Gab
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Ja Hyeon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Cheol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Eunsik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jin Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jeong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*