title: Marginal integrity of self- and total-etching adhesives in two different application protocols.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the marginal integrity of four self-etching adhesives (Prompt L-Pop III, Resulcin Aqua Prime & MonoBond N, AC Bond, AC Bond + Desensitizer) and three total-etch adhesives (Opti-Bond FL, Excite, Gluma Comfort Bond) in two different application protocols.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standardized MOD cavities (n = 40) were prepared in 280 extracted human teeth (one cervical margin in cementum, one in enamel). In one application protocol, the adhesive was applied prior to placement of the Tofflemire matrix (n = 20); in the other, the metal matrix was placed first (n = 20). Light curing was carried out from the occlusal aspect. After thermocycling (5000 times, 5 degrees C and 55 degrees C), specimens were immersed in 2% methylene blue for 10 s. Then the median percentages of dye-penetrated margins (surface analysis) were determined separately for the cervical cementum, cervical enamel, and lateral enamel margins of the proximal boxes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the cervical cementum margins, statistically significantly worse results were obtained for all adhesives when the matrix system was placed prior to application of the adhesive. In the cervical enamel margins, OptiBond FL, Gluma Comfort Bond, and Prompt L-Pop III performed significantly better when the adhesive was applied prior to the matrix. On lateral enamel margins, only OptiBond FL and Resulcin Aqua Prime showed significantly less dye penetration if the matrix was placed first.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most of the total-etch materials produced marginal integrity significantly superior to that of the majority of the self-etching materials. Due to a significant influence of the application protocol on marginal integrity, it is strongly recommended to apply the adhesive system before placement of the matrix.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany. Ernst@mail.uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: Claus-Peter
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Ernsta
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kötter
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Victor
authors.forename: Kerem
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Canbek
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brandenbusch
authors.forename: Brita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Willershausen
mesh_terms: D001565:Benzoates / Q000737:chemistry; D004396:Coloring Agents; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000145:classification / Q000295:instrumentation; D003739:Dental Cementum / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000145:classification; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008434:Matrix Bands; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008751:Methylene Blue; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D001565:Benzoates; D004396:Coloring Agents; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C420130:Excite cement; C455466:Gluma AC-Bond; C445021:Gluma Comfort Bond; D008689:Methacrylates; C469607:OptiBond FL; D011140:Polyurethanes; C408584:Prompt L-Pop; D019279:Resin Cements; C122122:Resulcin aquaPrime; D008751:Methylene Blue