International variations in the outcome of schizophrenia and the prevalence of depression in relation to national dietary practices: an ecological analysis.
BACKGROUND
Dietary variations are known to predict the prevalence of physical illnesses such as diabetes and heart disease but the possible influence of diet on mental health has been neglected.


OBJECTIVE
To explore dietary predictors of the outcome of schizophrenia and the prevalence of depression.


METHODS
Ecological analysis of national dietary patterns in relation to international variations in outcome of schizophrenia and prevalence of depression.


RESULTS
A higher national dietary intake of refined sugar and dairy products predicted a worse 2-year outcome of schizophrenia. A high national prevalence of depression was predicted by a low dietary intake of fish and seafood.


CONCLUSIONS
The dietary predictors of outcome of schizophrenia and prevalence of depression are similar to those that predict illnesses such as coronary heart disease and diabetes, which are more common in people with mental health problems and in which nutritional approaches are widely recommended. Dietary intervention studies are indicated in schizophrenia and depression.
Peet
Malcolm
M
Swallownest Court Hospital, Aughton Road, Sheffield S26 4TH, UK. malcolmpeet@yahoo.com
D000818:Animals; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019422:Dietary Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005399:Fishes; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D011379:Prognosis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D012758:Shellfish
D019422:Dietary Sucrose