title: Elicitor effects on Penicillium chrysogenum morphology in submerged cultures.
abstract: Changes in morphology and sporulation were investigated in liquid cultures of Penicillium chrysogenum P2 supplemented with carbohydrate oligosaccharides. Sodium alginate and locust-bean (Ceratonia siliqua) gum-derived oligosaccharides were used as elicitors. Spore germination was inhibited by the addition of OG (oligoguluronate) elicitor (30% inhibition when compared with control). Addition of any of the elicitors to stirred-tank cultures increased hyphal-tip numbers, clump area and spore counts. MO (mannan oligosaccharide) had the greatest effect on the parameters studied, followed by OM (oligomannuronate) and OG. Hyphal-tip numbers increased by 19, 29 and 47% with OG, OM and MO respectively. Average clump area in the presence of OG, OM and MO increased by 23, 32 and 59% respectively. A notable increase in spore numbers was observed in all the supplemented stirred-tank reactor cultures, with MO showing the highest enhancement.
authors.affiliation: Fungal Biotechnology Research Group, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London W1W 6UW, UK.
authors.forename: Romeo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Radman
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bucke
authors.forename: Tajalli
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Keshavarz
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D025301:Hyphae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010408:Penicillium chrysogenum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D009844:Oligosaccharides