title: Management of congenitally missing second premolars with orthodontics and single-tooth implants.
abstract: This article describes the treatment of an adolescent girl who was congenitally missing all 4 second premolars and had a retained mandibular second primary molar. Various treatment alternatives are discussed, and the final treatment plan of space opening for 3 implants and space closure of the maxillary left second premolar site is presented.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Lebanon. roysabri@dm.net.lb
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sabri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000848:Anodontia / Q000628:therapy*; D001641:Bicuspid / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002508:Cephalometry; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth; D003970:Diastema / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008311:Malocclusion, Angle Class I / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible; D008437:Maxilla; D019516:Orthodontic Space Closure / Q000379:methods*; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome