title: Efficacy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in acalculous gallbladder disease: long-term follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to determine the efficacy of laparoscopic cholecystectomy in symptomatic patients with ultrasound negative and abnormal gallbladder ejection fractions; Patients with gallbladder ejection fractions less than 35% on hepatobiliary scan were offered laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1995 and January 2001, 1564 patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at our institution: 256 were confirmed to have acalculous gallbladder disease by pathology report and reconfirmation of abnormal hepatobiliary scan data. A 30-day postoperative follow-up was obtained by retrospective medical record review. For this study, we contacted all 256 patients by mail questionnaire and followed up on nonresponders with telephone interviews; we also reviewed hospital records to verify preoperative symptom patterns. The survey was completed by 154 patients (60%): 48 (31%) by mail and 106 (69%) by telephone interviews. The study included 115 (75%) female and 39 (25%) male patients, and the average age was 42 years (range, 13 to 95). All hepatobiliary laboratory parameters were normal pre- and postoperatively. The survey was completed in December 2001, 1 to 5 years postoperatively (mean 3 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperatively, 142 patients (92%) had right upper quadrant pain, 114 (74%) had nausea, 88 (57%) had vomiting, 120 (73%) had heartburn, and 118 (77%) had food intolerance. In a 30-day postoperative period, these numbers had reduced to 48 (37%), 14 (90%), 8 (5%), 22 (14%), and 34 (22%), respectively. had laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and 95% stated that they would recommend laparoscopic cholecystectomy to other patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that patients with acalculous gallbladder disease benefit from laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, North Oakland Medical Centers, Pontiac, Michigan 48341, USA. amitdwivedi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dwivedi
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.forename: Premal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sanghavi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.forename: Yash
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lakra
authors.forename: Yvan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D042101:Acalculous Cholecystitis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016473:Gallbladder Emptying / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome