Mutations in the transmembrane natriuretic peptide receptor NPR-B impair skeletal growth and cause acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux.
The homodimeric transmembrane receptor natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B [also known as guanylate cyclase B, GC-B, and GUC2B]; gene name NPR2) produces cytoplasmic cyclic GMP from GTP on binding its extracellular ligand, C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP). CNP has previously been implicated in the regulation of skeletal growth in transgenic and knockout mice. The autosomal recessive skeletal dysplasia known as "acromesomelic dysplasia, type Maroteaux" (AMDM) maps to an interval that contains NPR2. We sequenced DNA from 21 families affected by AMDM and found 4 nonsense mutations, 4 frameshift mutations, 2 splice-site mutations, and 11 missense mutations. Molecular modeling was used to examine the putative protein change brought about by each missense mutation. Three missense mutations were tested in a functional assay and were found to have markedly deficient guanylyl cyclase activity. We also found that obligate carriers of NPR2 mutations have heights that are below the mean for matched controls. We conclude that, although NPR-B is expressed in a number of tissues, its major role is in the regulation of skeletal growth.
Bartels
Cynthia F
CF
Department of Genetics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
Bükülmez
Hulya
H
Padayatti
Pius
P
Rhee
David K
DK
van Ravenswaaij-Arts
Conny
C
Pauli
Richard M
RM
Mundlos
Stefan
S
Chitayat
David
D
Shih
Ling-Yu
LY
Al-Gazali
Lihadh I
LI
Kant
Sarina
S
Cole
Trevor
T
Morton
Jenny
J
Cormier-Daire
Valérie
V
Faivre
Laurence
L
Lees
Melissa
M
Kirk
Jeremy
J
Mortier
Geert R
GR
Leroy
Jules
J
Zabel
Bernhard
B
Kim
Chong Ae
CA
Crow
Yanick
Y
Braverman
Nancy E
NE
van den Akker
Focco
F
Warman
Matthew L
ML
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D000328:Adult; D001848:Bone Diseases, Developmental / Q000235:genetics*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000502:physiology*; D004392:Dwarfism; D005260:Female; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017510:Protein Folding; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D000099242:Atrial Natriuretic Factor Receptor B
D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D000099242:Atrial Natriuretic Factor Receptor B