title: [Clinical aspects of abnormal eye movements].
abstract: This paper reviews a variety of abnormal eye movements which include abnormal ocular positions, restricted eye motions, impairment of conjugated eye movements, abnormal smooth pursuit, abnormal saccade, gaze-evoked nystagmus, down-beat nystagmus, internuclear ophthalmoplegia, supranuclear ophthalmoplegia, square wave jerks, roving eye movement, ocular bobbing, ocular dipping, reverse ocular bobbing, and ping-pong gaze. Abnormal eye movements occur from stroke, spinocerebellar degeneration, Parkinson disease, multiple system atrophy, progressive supranuclear palsy, multiple sclerosis, Miller Fisher syndrome, myasthenia gravis, opsoclonus-polymyoclonia syndrome, and Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. In neurological practice, it is important to observe abnormal eye movements accurately and enthusiastically, to make appropriate anatomical and etiological diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuroiwa
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001933:Brain Stem; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology