title: Semiquantitative assessment of myelination using magnetic resonance imaging in normal fetal brains.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the development of myelination in normal fetuses quantitatively using magnetic resonance (MR) imaging in relation to gestational age (GA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fetal MR images were obtained from 101 fetuses between 26 and 39 weeks of gestation with no neurological problems. Regions of interest were designated in frontal lobe, corona radiata, optic radiation, thalamus, pons, cerebellar vermis, and vitreous body. The signal intensity ratio (SIR) was calculated by the signal intensity of each of these designated areas to that of the vitreous body and analyzed in relation to GA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SIR of the frontal lobe did not vary significantly with GA. The SIR of the corona radiata and the optic radiation decreased significantly with GA (P < 0.05); after 34 weeks of gestation, they decreased sharply. The SIR of the thalamus, the pons, and the cerebellar vermis was significantly smaller than that of the cerebral white matter at 26 weeks of gestation (P < 0.05) and decreased significantly with GA (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in the SIR approximately corresponded to the time-course of progression of myelination in the previous histopathological reports. Semiquantitative evaluation on MR images may allow prenatal diagnosis of a delay or deficit of myelination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, Japan. clinic@fine.ocn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Kenjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okuhata
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods; D012016:Reference Values