title: her3, a zebrafish member of the hairy-E(spl) family, is repressed by Notch signalling.
abstract: her3 encodes a zebrafish bHLH protein of the Hairy-E(Spl) family. During embryogenesis, the gene is transcribed exclusively in the developing central nervous system, according to a fairly simple pattern that includes territories in the mesencephalon/rhombencephalon and the spinal cord. In all territories, the her3 transcription domain encompasses regions in which neurogenin 1 (neurog1) is not transcribed, suggesting regulatory interactions between the two genes. Indeed, injection of her3 mRNA leads to repression of neurog1 and to a reduction in the number of primary neurones, whereas her3 morpholino oligonucleotides cause ectopic expression of neurog1 in the rhombencephalon. Fusions of Her3 to the transactivation domain of VP16 and to the repression domain of Engrailed show that Her3 is indeed a transcriptional repressor. Dissection of the Her3 protein reveals two possible mechanisms for transcriptional repression: one mediated by the bHLH domain and the C-terminal WRPW tetrapeptide; and the other involving the N-terminal domain and the orange domain. Gel retardation assays suggest that the repression of neurog1 transcription occurs by binding of Her3 to specific DNA sequences in the neurog1 promoter. We have examined interrelationships of her3 with members of the Notch signalling pathway by the Gal4-UAS technique and mRNA injections. The results indicate that Her3 represses neurog1 and, probably as a consequence of the neurog1 repression, deltaA, deltaD and her4. Moreover, Her3 represses its own transcription as well. Surprisingly, and in sharp contrast to other members of the E(spl) gene family, transcription of her3 is repressed rather than activated by Notch signalling.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Entwicklungsbiologie, Universität zu Köln, 50923 Köln, Germany. stefan@uoneuro.uoregon.edu
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hans
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scheer
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Riedl
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: v Weizsäcker
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Blader
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Campos-Ortega
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D018257:Helix-Loop-Helix Motifs / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009420:Nervous System / Q000196:embryology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D015027:Zebrafish / Q000196:embryology*; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051880:Receptors, Notch; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D029961:Zebrafish Proteins; C488362:Her3 protein, zebrafish