title: Psychotropic prescription practices in child psychiatric inpatients 9 years old and younger.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We set out to examine psychotropic prescribing patterns among inner city children on public assistance admitted to a university-based inpatient service.
  
  
  METHODS
  A chart review of children 9 years old and younger admitted between 1998 and 2001 recorded demographic variables, diagnoses, and admission and discharge medications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sample (N = 301) was 78% male, 66% African American, and averaged 7.2 years of age. Of this sample, 85% had a behavior disorder on admission and discharge; 51.8% of the patients were medicated on admission, 78.7% on discharge. Approximately 25% received polypharmacy on either admission or discharge. Stimulants were the most widely used psychotropic (38.2% on admission, 60.5% on discharge). Other medications prescribed at admission versus discharge were alpha-2 agonists (9.3% vs. 9%), atypical antipsychotics (9% vs. 12%), antidepressants (8.3% vs. 15.9%), and mood stabilizers (5.6% vs. 2.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among inner city children, pharmacotherapy is more prevalent in an inpatient unit compared with the community standard. Community physicians prescribed more mood stabilizers; the academic faculty used more stimulants, atypical antipsychotics, and antidepressants. Predictors of pharmacotherapy in the community such as age, sex, race, and a behavior disorder shifted at discharge to include only length of stay and a behavior disorder diagnosis. Further research is needed to clarify whether nonadherence, treatment failure, and social factors account for lower medication utilization in the community.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lekhwani
authors.forename: Chand
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Ilia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nikhinson
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Ambrosini
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002673:Child, Hospitalized / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006778:Hospitals, Psychiatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D011619:Psychotropic Drugs