title: Age-related rhabdosphincter function in female urinary stress incontinence: assessment of intraurethral sonography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess dynamic intraurethral sonography in the diagnostic evaluation of the function of the rhabdosphincter in female patients with urinary stress incontinence in relation to patient age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two patients with clinically proved urinary stress incontinence were investigated by means of intraurethral sonography with a 12.5-MHz endoluminal 9F catheter. The omega-shaped rhabdosphincter was visualized at rest and during voluntary contractions. Changes of muscle thickness and transducer-sphincter distance were measured and considered as parameters of muscle function. The intraurethral sonographic data were compared with results of standard urodynamic tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transducer-sphincter distance and sphincter muscle thickness showed a significant decrease with positive linear dependency on patient age (P < .001). Patients with grade III urinary stress incontinence had complete loss of sphincter contractility. A negative correlation was revealed between urethral closure pressure and patient age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found an age-related decrease in rhabdosphincter function. Our results suggest that the rhabdosphincter is a substantial component of the continence mechanism in female urinary stress incontinence. Unlike urethral pressure profiles, which can only reveal zones of higher intraluminal pressure, transurethral sonography is highly specific for measurement of the function of the rhabdosphincter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology II, Innsbruck University, Innsbruck, Austria. andrea.klauser@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Klauser
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frauscher
authors.forename: Hannes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Strasser
authors.forename: Gernot
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Helweg
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kölle
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Strohmeyer
authors.forename: Arnulf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stenzl
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: zur Nedden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000502:physiology; D011312:Pressure; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014521:Urethra / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014563:Urodynamics