title: Activity of novel plant extracts against medullary thyroid carcinoma cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) is a rare calcitonin-producing tumor, derived from the parafollicular C-cells of the thyroid. MTC is known to be relatively insensitive to conventional chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight cell lines were established from MTCs; each showed an up-regulation of Bcl-2. We investigated ten agents from plants of the genera Stemona (Stemonaceae), Aglaia (Meliaceae) and Artemisia (Asteraceae) for their effects on proliferation and apoptotic rates. Extracts have been used in traditional Chinese medicine; however, no experience on their effects on medullary thyroid carcinomas has been reported so far. Growth kinetics and viability were examined using the Casy-1-Cell Counter & Analyzer and the WST-1-based cytotoxicity assay. Apoptosis was studied by DAPI staining, by measurement of caspase-3 activity and Bcl-2 expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A strong antiproliferative effect was recognized in each Aglaia species and with Artesunate, whereas an enhancement of apoptosis was provoked particularly by Stemona tuberosa Lour.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The activity of the novel plant extracts possiby offers a new approach towards successful chemotherapy of the so far chemo-resistant medullary thyroid carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Medical University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 31, A-8010 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rinner
authors.forename: Veronika
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Siegl
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pürstner
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Efferth
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brem
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Greger
authors.forename: Roswitha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pfragner
mesh_terms: D031602:Aglaia / Q000737:chemistry; D019306:Artemisia / Q000737:chemistry; D018276:Carcinoma, Medullary / Q000188:drug therapy*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D006801:Humans; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D041901:Stemonaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts