title: Health related quality of life in multiple musculoskeletal diseases: SF-36 and EQ-5D in the DMC3 study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the health related quality of life of persons with one or more self reported musculoskeletal diseases, as measured by the short form 36 item health status survey (SF-36) and the Euroqol questionnaire (EQ-5D).
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of Dutch inhabitants aged 25 years or more (n = 3664) participated in a questionnaire survey. Twelve lay descriptions of common musculoskeletal diseases were presented and the subjects were asked whether they had ever been told by a physician that they had any of these. Their responses were used to assess the prevalence of these conditions. Commonly used scores of SF-36 and descriptive scores from EQ-5D are presented, along with standardised differences between disease groups and the general population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  
  
  
  METHODS
  with musculoskeletal diseases had significantly lower scores on all SF-36 dimensions than those without musculoskeletal disease, especially for physical functioning (SF-36 score (SE), 75.2 (0.5) v 87.8 (0.5)); role limitations caused by physical problems (67.1 (0.9) v 85.8 (0.8)); and bodily pain (68.5 (0.5) v 84.1 (0.5)). The worst health related quality of life patterns were found for osteoarthritis of the hip, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, and fibromyalgia. Those with multiple musculoskeletal diseases had the poorest health related quality of life. Similar results were found for EQ-5D.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All musculoskeletal diseases involve pain and reduced physical function. The coexistence of musculoskeletal diseases should be taken into account in research and clinical practice because of its high prevalence and its substantial impact on health related quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department for Prevention and Health Services Research (PZO, pb 101), National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. susan.picavet@rivm.nl
authors.forename: H S J
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Picavet
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hoeymans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000453:epidemiology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000453:epidemiology; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D012380:Role; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires