title: Interaction between leucocytes and human spermatozoa influencing reactive oxygen intermediates release.
abstract: The relationship between the presence of white blood cells (WBCs) and the fertilizing potential of human semen is still an open question. It is well known that the presence of leucocytes in human semen can be related to the production of reactive oxygen intermediates (ROI). Semen samples were obtained from 15 normozoospermic men and leucocytes were isolated from heparinized blood drawn from 15 volunteers. Lucigenin and luminol-mediated chemiluminescence assays were used to determine reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by non-activated or activated leucocytes through 12-myristate-13-acetate or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenyalanine (FMLP) before the addition of spermatozoa isolated by swim-up or Percoll procedures. All spermatozoal fractions used in this study were characterized by defining their motility, morphology and viability. The levels of ROS formation by non-activated as well as stimulated leucocytes were significantly decreased after addition of swim-up separated spermatozoa (p < 0.01). The ability to inhibit the basal chemiluminescence was of lower degree for spermatozoa isolated from 90% Percoll fractions than for swim-up sperm. However, addition of sperm cells from 47% Percoll fraction was found to increase both lucigenin and luminol signals. Moreover, the determined ROI levels changed depending on the type of inducing factor used for oxidative burst. Then, spermatozoa selected by swim-up procedure although with only slightly higher viability and morphology than sperm obtained from 90% Percoll fraction clearly exhibited much higher capacity to inhibit ROI secretion by receptor-stimulated leucocytes (FMLP-activation) than Percoll fractionated sperm. Such results may indicate that within normal semen may exist sperm subpopulations with different biochemical mechanisms controlling the interaction between spermatozoa and contaminating leucocytes. When ROI levels contained in normozoospermic semen are dependent on the WBCs activation, it seems that spermatozoa with preserved normal functional competence are able to defend themselves against leucocytes-derived ROI. Also for normozoospermic ejaculates, swim-up sperm may improve semen antioxidant characteristics when comparing with Percoll (90%) separated sperm. It may help for optimal sperm preparation when assisting to infertility treatment.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland.
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fraczek
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sanocka
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurpisz
mesh_terms: D000166:Acridines; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008165:Luminol; D008297:Male; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000502:physiology*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000166:Acridines; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C033472:10,10'-dimethyl-9,9'-biacridinium; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D008165:Luminol; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate