title: 17beta-Estradiol inhibits class II major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expression: influence on histone modifications and cbp recruitment to the class II MHC promoter.
abstract: Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II proteins are important for the initiation of immune responses and are essential for specific recognition of foreign antigens by the immune system. Regulation of class II MHC expression primarily occurs at the transcriptional level. The class II transactivator protein is the master regulator that is essential for both constitutive and interferon-gamma-inducible class II MHC expression. Estrogen [17beta-estradiol (17beta-E2)] has been shown to have immunomodulatory effects. In this study, we show that 17beta-E2 down-regulates interferon-gamma inducible class II MHC protein levels on brain endothelial cells, as well as other cell types (astrocytes, fibrosacroma cells, macrophages). The inhibitory effects of 17beta-E2 on class II MHC expression are not due to changes in class II transactivator mRNA or protein levels, rather, 17beta-E2 mediates inhibition at the level of class II MHC gene expression. We demonstrate that 17beta-E2 attenuates H3 and H4 histone acetylation and cAMP response element binding protein-binding protein association with the class II MHC promoter, suggesting that 17beta-E2 inhibits class II MHC expression by a novel mechanism involving modification of the histone acetylation status of the class II MHC promoter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1530 3rd Avenue South, MCLM 395, Birmingham, Alabama 35294-0005, USA.
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adamski
authors.forename: Zhendong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nozell
authors.forename: Etty N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Benveniste
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050882:CREB-Binding Protein; D002460:Cell Line; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000235:genetics*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D006657:Histones; C494257:IRF1 protein, human; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; C494258:Irf1 protein, mouse; C083728:MHC class II transactivator protein; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; C494080:Stat1 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D004958:Estradiol; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D050882:CREB-Binding Protein; C494363:CREBBP protein, human; C494364:Crebbp protein, mouse