title: Bilateral cleft lip.
abstract: The surgeon's objectives are normal nasolabial appearance and normal speech. The principles for synchronous repair of bilateral cleft lip have been established, and the techniques continue to evolve. Primary repair impairs maxillary growth, but little can be done at this time except to practice gentle craftsmanship and to minimize tension on the lower labial closure. The cutaneous lip should never be reopened for revision, and the number of secondary procedures involving the nasal cartilages should be kept to a minimum. Many adolescents with repaired bilateral cleft lip need maxillary advancement to improve projection of the nasal tip, to protrude the upper lip, and to attain normal sagittal skeletal harmony. With expected improvements in the technology of distraction osteogenesis, maxillary advancement may someday become as acceptable as orthodontic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. john.mulliken@tch.harvard.edu
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Mulliken
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000502:physiology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012086:Reoperation