title: alpha-Internexin aggregates are abundant in neuronal intermediate filament inclusion disease (NIFID) but rare in other neurodegenerative diseases.
abstract: Abnormal neuronal aggregates of alpha-internexin and the three neurofilament (NF) subunits, NF-L, NF-M, and NF-H have recently been identified as the pathological hallmarks of neuronal intermediate filament (IF) inclusion disease (NIFID), a novel neurological disease of early onset with a variable clinical phenotype including frontotemporal dementia, pyramidal and extrapyramidal signs. alpha-Internexin, a class IV IF protein, a major component of inclusions in NIFID, has not previously been identified as a component of the pathological protein aggregates of any other neurodegenerative disease. Therefore, to determine the specificity of this protein, alpha-internexin immunohistochemistry was undertaken on cases of NIFID, non-tau frontotemporal dementias, motor neuron disease, alpha-synucleinopathies, tauopathies, and normal aged control brains. Our results indicate that class IV IF proteins are present within the pleomorphic inclusions of all cases of NIFID. Small subsets of abnormal neuronal inclusions in Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body diseases, and motor neuron disease also contain epitopes of alpha-internexin. Thus, alpha-internexin is a major component of the neuronal inclusions in NIFID and a relatively minor component of inclusions in other neurodegenerative diseases. The discovery of alpha-internexin in neuronal cytoplasmic inclusions implicates novel mechanisms of pathogenesis in NIFID and other neurological diseases with pathological filamentous neuronal inclusions.
authors.affiliation: Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3600 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-4283, USA. cairns@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Nigel J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Cairns
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uryu
authors.forename: Eileen H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Bigio
authors.forename: Ian R A
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: Marla
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gearing
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duyckaerts
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoo
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakazato
authors.forename: Evelyn
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jaros
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: Virginia M-Y
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: John Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Trojanowski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D007382:Intermediate Filaments / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; C046643:alpha-internexin