title: Activation of metalloproteinases-2 and -9 by interleukin-1alpha in S100A4-positive liposarcoma cell line: correlation with cell invasiveness.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The S100A4 gene may affect the invasive properties of tumor cells through modulation of metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors (TIMPs).
  
  
  METHODS
  In the human liposarcoma cell line, SW872, we analyzed the expression of S100A4 protein by immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The production of MMP2, MMP9, TIMP1 and TIMP2 was assessed by gelatin zymography and enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay before and after interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) stimulation; cell invasiveness was measured by Matrigel invasion assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  S100A4-positive SW872 cells responded to IL-1alpha with induction of immunoreactive MMP2 and TIMP1 and with activation of both MMPs, the latter significantly associated with an increase of cell invasiveness. Treatment with IL-6 induced less significant variations resulting in a more stable invasive behavior.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data show that S100A4-positive SW872 respond to interleukins by influencing the behavior of factors involved in extracellular matrix degradation and emphasize the predominant role of MMP activity status on the positive regulation of cell migration mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Muscoloskeletal Oncology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, 40100, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pazzaglia
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ponticelli
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magagnoli
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Magagnoli
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gamberi
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ragazzini
authors.forename: Alba
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balladelli
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Picci
authors.forename: Mariaserena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benassi
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008080:Liposarcoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D000071999:S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D000071999:S100 Calcium-Binding Protein A4; D009418:S100 Proteins; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; C077591:S100A4 protein, human; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9