title: Age-specific reproductive success: evidence for the selection hypothesis.
abstract: Age-specific reproductive success has been demonstrated in many species. Three hypotheses have been raised to explain this general phenomenon: the experience hypothesis based on age-specific reproductive experience, the effort hypothesis based on age-specific reproductive effort, and the selection hypothesis based on progressive disappearance of phenotypes due to variation in individual productivity and survival. We used data from a long-term study of Leach's storm-petrels (Oceanodroma leucorhoa) to present a single test of mutually exclusive predictions about the relationship between early breeding success and longevity. There should be no correlation between early breeding success and longevity under the experience hypothesis, a negative correlation under the effort hypothesis, and a positive correlation under the selection hypothesis. We found a significant (P < 0.0001) positive relationship between success in the first two breeding attempts and longevity in this population of long-lived seabirds, strongly suggesting that low-productivity parents were also less likely to survive early breeding. These data provide some of the strongest support to date for the selection hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Evolution, Ecology and Organismal Biology, Ohio State University, 1735 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA. mauckr@kenyon.edu
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Mauck
authors.forename: C E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Huntington
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Grubb
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds / Q000502:physiology*; D008136:Longevity; D009509:New Brunswick; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012641:Selection, Genetic