title: Organ hypertrophic signaling within caveolae membrane subdomains triggered by ouabain and antagonized by PST 2238.
abstract: In addition to inhibition of the Na-K ATPase, ouabain activates a signal transduction function, triggering growth and proliferation of cultured cells even at nanomolar concentrations. An isomer of ouabain (EO) circulates in mammalians at subnanomolar concentrations, and increased levels are associated with cardiac hypertrophy and hypertension. We present here a study of cardiac and renal hypertrophy induced by ouabain infused into rats for prolonged periods and relate this effect to the recently described ouabain-induced activation of the Src-EGFr-ERK signaling pathway. Ouabain infusion into rats (15 microg/kg/day for 18 weeks) doubled plasma ouabain levels from 0.3 to 0.7 nm and increased blood pressure by 20 mm Hg (p < 0.001), cardiac left ventricle (+11%, p < 0.05), and kidney weight (+9%, p < 0.01). These effects in vivo are associated with a significant enrichment of alpha1, beta1, gammaa Na-K ATPase subunits together with Src and EGFr in isolated renal caveolae membranes and activation of ERK1/2. In caveolae, direct Na-K ATPase/Src interactions can be demonstrated by co-immunoprecipitation. The interaction is amplified by ouabain, at a high affinity binding site, detectable in caveolae but not in total rat renal membranes. The high affinity site for ouabain is associated with Src-dependent tyrosine phosphorylation of rat alpha1 Na-K ATPase. The antihypertensive compound, PST 2238, antagonized all ouabain-induced effects at 10 microg/kg/day in vivo or 10(-10)-10(-8) m in vitro. These findings provide a molecular mechanism for the in vivo pro-hypertrophic and hypertensinogenic activity of ouabain, or by analogy those of EO in humans. They also explain the pharmacological basis for PST 2238 treatment.
authors.affiliation: Prassis sigma-tau Research Institute, Settimo Milanese, 20019 Milan, Italy. mara.ferrandi@prassis.it
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrandi
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Molinari
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barassi
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Minotti
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferrari
mesh_terms: D017311:Amlodipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000732:Androstanols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D021941:Caveolae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D006984:Hypertrophy; D007163:Immunosorbent Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010042:Ouabain / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000732:Androstanols; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D017311:Amlodipine; D014443:Tyrosine; D010042:Ouabain; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; C106263:rostafuroxin