title: Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of the electroencephalogram effect of imipenem in rats with experimental hypovolaemia or endotoxaemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The epileptogenic activity of imipenem in rats with experimentally induced hypovolaemia or endotoxaemia was investigated by pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modelling of the electroencephalogram effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hypovolaemia was induced by removal of 30% of the blood volume and endotoxaemia by intravenous lipopolysaccharide injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Imipenem clearance and volume of distribution values of 16.4+/-1.1 mL/min per kg and 357+/-49 mL/kg (mean+/-S.E.M.) in healthy rats (n=5), were significantly reduced in hypovolaemic (n=6) and endotoxaemic (n=6) animals. A dose reduction from 250 mg/kg to 120 mg/kg was necessary in endotoxaemic rats. The pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic model with an effect compartment previously developed in healthy rats described the data adequately and pharmacodynamic parameters in hypovolaemic and endotoxaemic rats were not significantly different from corresponding values estimated in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypovolaemia and endotoxaemia only had an effect on imipenem pharmacokinetics.
authors.affiliation: EE Médicaments Anti-infectieux et Barrière Hémato-encéphalique, Poitiers Cedex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Limosin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dupuis
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lamarche
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mimoz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paquereau
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Couet
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000187:drug effects*; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020896:Hypovolemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015378:Imipenem / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet; D013845:Thienamycins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D013845:Thienamycins; D015378:Imipenem