Serum steroid hormones, sex hormone-binding globulin concentrations, and urinary hydroxylated estrogen metabolites in post-menopausal women in relation to daidzein-metabolizing phenotypes.
Equol and O-desmethylangolensin (O-DMA) are products of bacterial metabolism of daidzein, an isoflavone in soybeans; thus, the presence or absence of equol and/or O-DMA in urine is a marker of particular intestinal bacteria profiles. Plasma hormone concentrations may be lower in pre-menopausal women who harbor the bacteria capable of producing equol (equol producers) compared to women who do not (equol non-producers). We evaluated concentrations of serum hormones, sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and urinary 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OH E(1)) and 16alpha-hydroxyestrone (16alpha-OH E(1)) in relation to equol-producer and O-DMA-producer phenotypes in 89 post-menopausal women. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) was 23% greater in O-DMA-producers compared to non-producers (P = 0.04). No significant differences in serum estrogens, androgens, metabolic hormones, or SHBG were observed in relation to either daidzein-metabolizing phenotype. Compared with non-producers within each phenotype, age-adjusted 2-OH E(1):16alpha-OH E(1) was 27% greater (P = 0.06) in equol-producers and 9% greater (P > 0.10) in O-DMA-producers, and 2-OH E(1) concentrations were 24% greater in equol producers (P = 0.07) and 42% greater in O-DMA producers (P = 0.02). No significant differences in 16alpha-OH E(1) were observed in relation to either phenotype. These results suggest that interindividual variability in intestinal bacteria may be related to differences in products of hormone metabolism in post-menopausal women.
Frankenfeld
Cara L
CL
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Division of Public Health Sciences, 1100 Fairview Ave N., PO Box 19024, M4-B402, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA.
McTiernan
Anne
A
Tworoger
Shelley S
SS
Atkinson
Charlotte
C
Thomas
Wendy K
WK
Stanczyk
Frank Z
FZ
Marcovina
Santica M
SM
Weigle
David S
DS
Weiss
Noel S
NS
Holt
Victoria L
VL
Schwartz
Stephen M
SM
Lampe
Johanna W
JW
D000368:Aged; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D060754:Equol; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006894:Hydroxyestrones / Q000652:urine*; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000378:metabolism*; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin / Q000032:analysis*; D013025:Glycine max / Q000378:metabolism
C007610:4',7-dihydroxy-3,4-dihydroisoflavone; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D006894:Hydroxyestrones; D007529:Isoflavones; D012738:Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin; D060754:Equol; C004742:daidzein; C050052:O-desmethylangolensin