[Physiological and neurobiological aspects of eating].
Many methods and technics have accumulated a considerable mass of data about the mechanisms which control food intake and energetic loss. After a presentation of the most relevant signals sent by peripheral organs to the central nervous system: Glucose, triglycerides; from adipocytes: Leptin; from pancreas: Insulin, pancreatic polypeptide, amylin, enterostatin; from digestive tract: Ghrelin, cholecystokinin, peptide Y Y 3-36 we consider, especially at the hypothalamic level, their interpretation by neurones whose transmitters are either neuropeptides such as: Neuropeptide Y, Agouti Related Peptide, Cocaine/Amphetamine Regulated Transcript, Melanin Concentrating Hormone, alpha Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone, orexins/hypocretins, octadecaneuropeptide, nociceptin/orphanin FQ, opioid peptides, Interleukin 1, galanin, urocortin 2, Neurotrophic ciliary factor, Glutamate, or monoamines such as: Dopamine, Norepinephrin, serotonin, GABA, histamine, acetylcholine. After this brief synopsis one should not be surprised that this so complex system which regulates feeding may be affected by various disorders; however one may be amazed by such a scarcity of drugs to influence it; whatever may be it predicts many new pharmacological strategies in this respect.
Costentin
Jean
J
Unité de Neuropsychopharmacologie, U.M.R. 6036 CNRS, Faculté de Médecine & Pharmacie, 22 Bd Gambetta-76183 Rouen.
D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*
D009479:Neuropeptides