title: Genetic and environmental risk factors for primary open-angle glaucoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is characterized by optic nerve damage and consists of a group of genetically heterogeneous disorders. This study was to investigate the associations of genetic and environmental factors with POAG in a hospital-based Chinese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two adult onset POAG patients and 96 age-sex matched control subjects were studied by multivariable logistic regression analysis for the relationships between POAG and its risk factors including family history, diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular diseases, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption and polymorphisms of the myocilin and the optineurin genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate analysis showed that POAG was related to family history, cardiovascular disease, alcohol consumption and a myocilin sequence alteration (T353I) (P < 0.04). Multivariable logistic regression analysis confirmed that POAG was significantly associated with family history (OR = 20.2), hypertension (OR = 3.58), cigarette smoking (OR = 10.8), alcohol consumption (OR = 0.028) and T353I (OR = 6.03, all P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Family history, hypertension, cigarette smoking and T353I in the myocilin gene are risk factors for POAG. Alcohol consumption, however, has a protective effect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences, Hong Kong Eye Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Bao-jian
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yuk-fai
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shun-chiu
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Yao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Oi-sin
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: Chi-pui
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Pang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D000099179:Myocilin
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D005136:Eye Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D000099179:Myocilin