title: Recent isolates of parapoxvirus of Finnish reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) are closely related to bovine pseudocowpox virus.
abstract: Cases of papular stomatitis in Finnish reindeer have been reported for many years. The causative agent was thought to be Orf virus (ORFV), one of the Parapoxviridae, although this assumption was based mainly on clinical symptoms, pathology and electron microscopy. Here sequence analyses of the viral DNA isolated from a recent outbreak of disease in 1999-2000 are presented in comparison to that isolated from earlier outbreaks in 1992-1994. The results show that the virus isolated from the 1999-2000 outbreak is most closely related to Pseudocowpox virus, whereas those from previous years grouped with ORFV. The present study describes a method for genetic characterization and classification of parapoxviruses (PPVs) and provides for the first time an extended phylogenetic analysis of PPVs isolated from Finland, established members of the genus Parapoxvirus and selected members of the subfamily Chordopoxvirinae.
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, Department of Virology, PO Box 45, Hämeentie 57, FIN-00581 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Maria K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Tikkanen
authors.affiliation: Moredun Research Institute, International Research Centre, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Midlothian EH26 OPZ, UK.
authors.forename: Colin J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: McInnes
authors.affiliation: Virus Research Unit, Department of Microbiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mercer
authors.affiliation: Federal Research Centre for Virus Diseases of Animals, Institute of Immunology, Paul-Ehrlich-Strasse 28, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Büttner
authors.affiliation: CSC - Scientific Computing Ltd, PO Box 405, FIN-02101 Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: Jarno
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuimala
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, Oulu Regional Unit, PO Box 517, FIN-90101 Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Varpu
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hirvelä-Koski
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, Department of Virology, PO Box 45, Hämeentie 57, FIN-00581 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Erkki
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Neuvonen
authors.affiliation: National Veterinary and Food Research Institute, Department of Virology, PO Box 45, Hämeentie 57, FIN-00581 Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huovilainen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry; D005387:Finland; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018157:Parapoxvirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D010285:Pseudocowpox Virus / Q000145:classification*; D012053:Reindeer / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral