title: The effects of chlorhexidine gluconate (0.12%) on the antimicrobial properties of tooth-colored ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate.
abstract: The purpose of this in vitro study was to determine whether the substitution of 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate for sterile water as a mixing agent would enhance the antimicrobial activity of tooth-colored ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) against Actinomyces odontolyticus (ATCC17982), Fusobacterium nucleatum (ATCC2586), Streptococcus sanguis (ATCC10556), Enterococcus faecalis (ER3/2S), Escherichia coli (SM10lambdapir), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC6538), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (UME), and Candida albicans (ATCC10261). Two wells of 5-mm diameter were made in triplicate agar plates inoculated with standardized suspensions of each microorganism. MTA (33 mg) mixed with chlorhexidine (12 microl) or sterile water (12 microl) was placed to fill each well. Plates were incubated at 37 degrees C as required for microbial growth. A blinded, independent observer measured zones of inhibition. All MTA samples inhibited microbial growth regardless of mixing agent. MTA/chlorhexidine showed significantly larger zones of inhibition (p < 0.0002, paired t test). In conclusion, substituting 0.12% chlorhexidine gluconate for water enhanced the antimicrobial activity of tooth-colored ProRoot MTA.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Drive, Ann Arbor, MI 48108-1078, USA.
authors.forename: Ted J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Stowe
authors.forename: Christine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Sedgley
authors.forename: Bryant
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stowe
authors.forename: J Christopher
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Fenno
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000187:drug effects; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003116:Color; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004357:Drug Synergism; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013298:Streptococcus sanguis / Q000187:drug effects; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004202:Disinfectants; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002710:Chlorhexidine