title: Factors predicting prostate specific antigen testing among first-degree relatives of prostate cancer patients.
abstract: First-degree relatives (FDRs) of prostate cancer patients are known to be at increased risk for the disease, yet relatively little is known about their screening behaviors. The current lack of consensus about the value of prostate cancer screening underscores the importance of examining why some men at increased risk participate in screening and others do not. In this study, variables from Protection Motivation Theory were used to identify predictors of prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing in this at-risk population. Toward this end, scales assessing perceived vulnerability, perceived severity, response efficacy, and self-efficacy for prostate cancer screening were administered to 82 unaffected male FDRs aged 40 and older. When recontacted approximately 14 months later, 50% of FDRs were found to have undergone PSA testing in the interim. Older age, prior prostate cancer screening, and a greater sense of personal efficacy about being able to undergo prostate cancer screening were found to be significant (P < 0.05) predictors of subsequently undergoing PSA testing. These findings provide partial support for the predictive validity of Protection Motivation Theory variables and suggest the importance of considering efficacy beliefs in attempting to understand decision-making about PSA testing in at-risk individuals.
authors.affiliation: Health Outcomes and Behavior Program, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 Magnolia Drive, MOD3, Tampa, FL 33612, USA.
authors.forename: Susan Thomas
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Vadaparampil
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kash
authors.forename: Iryna S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Raoul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saloup
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pow-Sang
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010375:Pedigree; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011336:Probability; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen