title: Efficacy of different fungicides against Rhizoctonia brown patch and Pythium blight on turfgrass in Italy.
abstract: Brown patch, incited by Rhizoctonia solani Kuhn, and Pythium blight, caused by Pythium spp. are two of the diseases most frequently observed on turfgrass in high maintenance stands, as on golf courses. In such conditions the control strategies, based on chemicals, are particularly difficult due to the scarcity of fungicides registered for turf in Italy. The results obtained in experimental trials carried out to evaluate the efficacy of chemical and biological products against brown patch and Pythium blight are reported. On mature turfgrass, maintained under fairway conditions, azoxystrobin, and trifoxystrobin, not yet registered on turf, were very effective against brown patch. Tebuconazole, applied in three different formulations, was very effective against R. solani, while Trichoderma spp. and azadiractine did not control the pathogen. In greenhouse conditions on Agrostis stolonifera, in the presence of severe disease incidence, due to artificial inoculation, benalaxyl-M satisfactorily controlled Pythium blight; Trichoderma spp. as well as a commercial formulation of T. harzianum, applied one week before the inoculation, were not effective. Among the fungicides not yet registered for use on turfgrass in Italy, metalaxyl-M + mancozeb was effective against Pythium blight.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Competence for the innovation in the agro-environmental sector (Agrinnova), University of Torino,Via Leonardo da Vinci 44, 10095 Grugliasco (Torino), Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mocioni
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Titone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garibaldi
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gullino
mesh_terms: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007558:Italy; D010571:Pest Control / Q000379:methods*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D006109:Poaceae / Q000382:microbiology*; D011775:Pythium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D012232:Rhizoctonia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D014242:Trichoderma / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial