title: Phospholamban gene ablation improves calcium transients but not cardiac function in a heart failure model.
abstract: Decreased amplitude and slower kinetics of cardiomyocyte intracellular calcium (Ca(i)(2+)) transients may underlie the diminished cardiac function observed in heart failure. These alterations occur in humans and animals with heart failure, including the TNF1.6 mouse model, in which heart failure arises from cardiac-specific overexpression of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Since ablation of phospholamban expression (PLBKO) removes inhibition of the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+) pump, enhances SR Ca(2+) uptake and increases contractility, we assessed whether ablation of phospholamban expression could improve cardiac function, limit remodeling, and improve survival in the TNF1.6 model of heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  We bred PLBKO with TNF1.6 mice and characterized the progeny for survival, cardiac function (echocardiography), cardiac remodeling (hypertrophy, dilation, fibrosis), and Ca(2+)(i) transients and contractile function of isolated cardiomyocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PLB ablation did not improve survival, cardiac function, or limit cardiac chamber dilation and hypertrophy in TNF1.6 mice (TKO mice). However, contractile function and Ca(2+)(i) transients (amplitude and kinetics) of isolated TKO cardiomyocytes were markedly enhanced. This discordance between unimproved cardiac function, and enhanced Ca(2+)(i) cycling and cardiomyocyte contractile parameters may arise from a continued overexpression of collagen and decreased expression of gap junction proteins (connexin 43) in response to chronic TNF alpha stimulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enhancement of intrinsic cardiomyocyte Ca(2+)(i) cycling and contractile function may not be sufficient to overcome several parallel pathophysiologic processes present in the failing heart.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, 1744.1 BST, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Andrzej M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Janczewski
authors.forename: Maliha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zahid
authors.forename: Bonnie H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Lemster
authors.forename: Carol S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Frye
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Evangelia G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Kranias
authors.forename: Arthur M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: Charles F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: McTiernan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018031:Connexin 43 / Q000032:analysis; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D023421:Models, Animal; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099211:Phospholamban
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium; D015220:Calcium Channels; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D018031:Connexin 43; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000099211:Phospholamban