title: Human APOBEC3F is another host factor that blocks human immunodeficiency virus type 1 replication.
abstract: Recently, APOBEC3G has been identified as a host factor that blocks retroviral replication. It introduces G to A hypermutations in newly synthesized minus strand viral cDNA at the step of reverse transcription in target cells. Here, we identified the human APOBEC3F protein as another host factor that blocks human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication. Similar to APOBEC3G, APOBEC3F also induced G to A hypermutations in HIV genomic DNA, and the viral Vif protein counteracted its activity. Thus, APOBEC family members might have evolved as a general defense mechanism of the body against retroviruses, retrotransposons, and other mobile genetic elements.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Medicine, Microbiology, and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, 3rd and Parnassus Ave., San Francisco, CA 94143-0703, USA.
authors.forename: Yong-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Irwin
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurosu
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: Tetsutaro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sata
authors.forename: B Matija
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Peterlin
mesh_terms: D000071479:APOBEC-1 Deaminase; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000502:physiology*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D016346:Gene Products, vif / Q000502:physiology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014779:Virus Replication; D054320:vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D016346:Gene Products, vif; D011506:Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D054320:vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; D000071479:APOBEC-1 Deaminase; C000605089:APOBEC1 protein, human; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase