title: Infiltration and redistribution of LNAPL into unsaturated layered porous media.
abstract: Enhanced understanding of light non-aqueous phase liquid (LNAPL) infiltration into heterogeneous porous media is important for the effective design of remediation strategies. We used a 2-D experimental facility that allows for visual observation of LNAPL contours in order to study LNAPL redistribution in a layered porous medium. The layers are situated in the unsaturated zone near the watertable and they are inclined to be able to observe the effect of discontinuities in capillary forces and relative permeabilities. Two experiments were performed. The first experiment consisted of LNAPL infiltration into a fine sand matrix with a coarse sand layer, and the second experiment consisted of a coarse sand matrix and a fine sand layer. The numerical multi-phase flow model STOMP was validated with regard to the experimental results. This model is able to adequately reproduce the experimental LNAPL contours. Numerical sensitivity analysis was also performed. The capillarity contrast between sands was found to be the main controlling factor determining the final LNAPL distribution.
authors.affiliation: Sub-Department of Soil Quality, Department of Environmental Sciences, Wageningen University, P.O. Box 8005, 6700 EC Wageningen, The Netherlands. louise.wipfler@bodhyg.benp.wag-ur.nl
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Wipfler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ness
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Breedveld
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marsman
authors.forename: S E A T M
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Van Der Zee
mesh_terms: D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control; D005374:Filtration; D008422:Materials Testing; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016062:Porosity; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014872:Water Movements; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014873:Water Pollutants