title: Heterogeneity of the fibre sequence in subgenus C adenoviruses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the nucleotide sequences of adenovirus (Ad) types 1 and 6 fibre genes; to clarify the molecular basis of the distinct haemagglutination properties of subgenus C Ads and their phylogenetic relations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human Ad1 and Ad6 fibre genes were sequenced from genomic DNA by direct sequencing. Primer selection was based on alignment of the fibre gene of human Ad serotypes Ad2 and Ad5. Fibre based subgenus C specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to check for deletions in field isolates of Ad6, as revealed by sequence analysis of the Ad6 prototype. A phylogenetic tree was constructed from the predicted amino acid (AA) sequences of the fibre gene of important Ads.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ad1 and Ad6 comprise 1746 and 1584 nucleotides, encoding 582 and 528 AA, respectively. Ad6 showed deletions in motifs 15-17 (51 AA) of the shaft when compared with Ad1, Ad2, and Ad5. Subgenus C specific PCR with both prototype and field isolates also showed deletions in Ad6. In the shaft and knob, AA homology was 58.82-72.91% and 68.89-74.59%, respectively. The tail was 100% conserved. Phylogenetically, Ad1 and Ad6, including Ad2 and Ad5, formed a subgenus specific cluster, like other serotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The fibre gene (including the knob region) of subgenus C Ads is heterogeneous, providing the molecular basis for lack of crossreactivity in the haemagglutination inhibition test. This heterogeneity could be helpful in fibre based genotyping of subgenus C field isolates. Phylogeny might be useful for subgenus specific identification of important field strains.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Disease Surveillance Centre, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. arun@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Adhikary
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Banik
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Numaga
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inada
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okabe
mesh_terms: D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005814:Genes, Viral; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; C018315:hexon capsid protein, Adenovirus