title: HOXA10 gene expression in human fallopian tube and ectopic pregnancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The molecular mechanisms underlying ectopic implantation have not been well characterized. Here we investigate HOXA10 gene expression at the site of ectopic implantation as compared with the endometrium and with the normal fallopian tube.
  
  
  METHODS
  Northern blot analysis was used to evaluate HOXA10 gene messenger RNA level in various segments of normal pregnant and nonpregnant human fallopian tube, ectopic pregnancy, and endometrium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Normal human fallopian tube expressed minimal levels of HOXA10 gene messenger RNA in the nonpregnant state. A trend toward a greater expression of HOXA10 gene was observed in the normal fallopian tube during pregnancy, but the difference was not statistically significant (P =.075). HOXA10 gene messenger RNA expression was up-regulated significantly at the site of implantation in ectopic pregnancy (P <.001), and its expression approached that of the endometrium during normal pregnancy (P =.33).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HOXA10 gene expression is up-regulated at the ectopic implantation site in the fallopian tube, approaching that of the endometrium in normal intrauterine gestation. Inherently increased HOXA10 gene expression in the fallopian tube or dysregulation of HOXA10 gene expression by an abnormally implanting blastocyst may play a role in ectopic implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8063, USA.
authors.forename: Sana M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Salih
authors.forename: Hugh S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004717:Endometrium; D005187:Fallopian Tubes; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005801:Genes, Homeobox / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000235:genetics*; D011274:Pregnancy, Tubal / Q000235:genetics; D011336:Probability; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D012016:Reference Values; D012494:Sampling Studies; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger