title: Lamivudine facilitates optimal chemotherapy in hepatitis B virus-infected children with hematological malignancies: a preliminary report.
abstract: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is well documented in infected patients who have hematologic malignancies, precluding appropriate chemotherapy courses and, therefore, increasing the possibility of relapse of malignancies. The objective of this study was to evaluate lamivudine treatment to prevent hepatitis B reactivation in children with cancer who acquired infection with HBV and so allow completion of optimal chemotherapy. Ten children (7:3 M:F; median age: 9.8 years), undergoing chemotherapy for hematological malignancies and suffering from immunosuppressive-induced hepatitis B virus reactivation, were treated concurrently with lamivudine (3 mg/kg bw, od) for up to 18 months. All were HBsAg+ve, HBsAb-ve, HBV-DNA+ve. Serology markers (HBsAg/Ab, HBeAg/Ab, HBV-DNA) and ALT were tested 3 monthly. Histological assessments were performed pre- and 18 months post-lamivudine therapy. During lamivudine therapy chemotherapy courses were completed for all children, and none of the patients suffered reactivation of hepatitis. After a median follow-up of 10 months, remission of malignancy was maintained in 7/10 patients while 3 patients relapsed. HBeAg+ve seroconversion occurred in 4/9 HBeAg+ve children within 3 months. After 9 months of therapy, 8/10 were HBV-DNA-ve. Six out of 7 children with histological evidence of chronic hepatitis showed marked improvement post-therapy. Lamivudine therapy for up to 18 months in children receiving chemotherapy helped prevent recurrence of hepatitis B exacerbations and improved the underlying chronic hepatitis, while facilitating completion of appropriate chemotherapy regimens without compromise.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Department, Hematology/Oncology Division, Children's Hospital, Ain Shams University, 7 El-Shaheed Moustafa Helmi Street, Heliopolis, Cairo, Egypt. manalhelsayed@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Manal H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: el-Sayed
authors.forename: Gamila
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shanab
authors.forename: Amr M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Karim
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: el-Tawil
authors.forename: Andy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: Jonathan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Dixon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D012074:Remission Induction; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014775:Virus Activation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D019259:Lamivudine