title: Sustained ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation in the cardiac catheterization laboratory among patients receiving primary percutaneous coronary intervention: incidence, predictors, and outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the incidence, predictors, and outcomes of ventricular tachycardia and/or ventricular fibrillation (VT/VF) in the cardiac catheterization laboratory among patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although VT/VF has been known to occur during primary PCI, the current data do not identify patients at risk for these arrhythmias or the outcomes of such patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 3065 patients enrolled in the Primary Angioplasty in Myocardial Infarction (PAMI) trials, who underwent primary PCI to evaluate the associations of VT/VF and the influence of these arrhythmias on in-hospital and one-year outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients undergoing primary PCI, VT/VF occurred in 133 (4.3%). Multivariate analysis identified the following as independent correlates of VT/VF: smoking (odds ratio [OR] 1.95, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26 to 3.02), lack of preprocedural beta-blockers (OR 2.34, 95% CI 1.35 to 4.07), time from symptom onset to emergency room of <or=180 min (OR 2.63, 95% CI 1.42 to 4.89), initial Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade 0 (OR 2.06, 95% CI 1.23 to 3.47), and right coronary artery-related infarct (OR 1.93, 95% CI 1.25 to 2.99). Although patients with VT/VF had a higher incidence of bradyarrhythmias, hypotension, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, and endotracheal intubation in the catheterization laboratory, their in-hospital and one-year adverse outcomes were similar to those of the cohort without these arrhythmias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that the incidence of VT/VF during primary PCI is low, indicating that these arrhythmias do not influence PCI success or in-hospital or one-year outcomes. Our data further help identify patients at risk of VT/VF during primary PCI and suggest that pretreatment with beta-blockers should be strongly considered to reduce these arrhythmias.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Rajendra H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Kishore J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Harjai
authors.forename: Lorelei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Grines
authors.forename: Gregg W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boura
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Cindy L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Grines
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology