title: Radioprotective effects of amifostine (WR-2721) or cystamine on radiation damage and its repair in rats whole body exposed to fission neutrons.
abstract: Sulphur containing radioprotective drugs amifostine (gammaphos, WR-2721) or cystamine (disulfide of meracaptoethylamine) of Czechoslovak production were examined in whole body fission neutrons irradiated rats in the thermal column of reactor VVR-S. Using the split-dose technic the first sublethal neutron dose in the range 1-2 Gy was followed by second lethal exposures in the two time intervals (3 or 6 days) using whole body fission neutrons irradiations (3 days interval) or whole body gamma-irradiations (6 days interval) for LD50/30 evaluation within next 30 days survival observation. In other experiments the mean survival time (MST) in days was estimated in different rats group, when animals were whole body fission neutrons irradiated twice with 3-days interval using the total lethal doses of 4 or 5 Gy. Protected rats received amifostine (160 mg.kg(-1) i.p. and 200 mg.kg(-1) i.m.) or cystamine (40 mg.kg(-1) i.p. and 50 mg.kg(-1) i.m.), control rats obtained saline 20 min before beginning of irradiation in the amount of 0.5 ml.100 g(-1) of the rat's body weight. Non-significant DRF value 1.13 for WR-2721 i.p. was calculated in survival studies in rats twice neutron irradiated with 3 days interval (DRF 1.04 for cystamine). Chemical protectors were administered before each neutron exposure. MST of twice neutron lethal iradiated rats was prolonged not regularly by radioprotectors tested. WR-2721 and cystamine i.m. were not able to increase 6 days reparation processes after sublethal 2 Gy fission neutrons whole body irradiated rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology and Toxicology, Faculty of Health and Social Studies, University of South Bohemia, Ceské Budĕjovice, Czech Republic. pavel.kuna@tiscali.cz
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kuna
authors.forename: Milan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dostál
authors.forename: Otakar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Neruda
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Volenec
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vodicka
authors.forename: Leos
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Navrátil
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petýrek
authors.forename: Václav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Svoboda
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Simsa
authors.forename: Jirina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vávrová
authors.forename: Jindriska
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hermanská
authors.forename: Zdenek
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Prouza
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pitterman
authors.forename: Evzen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Listík
authors.forename: Frantisek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Spurný
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knajfl
authors.forename: Frantisek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Podzimek
authors.forename: Stanislav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Spelda
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Osterreicher
authors.forename: Frantisek
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Konrád
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Havránková
mesh_terms: D004999:Amifostine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D003538:Cystamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005720:Gamma Rays; D008297:Male; D009502:Neutrons; D009680:Nuclear Fission; D009688:Nuclear Reactors; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011833:Radiation Injuries, Experimental / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015996:Survival Rate; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D011837:Radiation-Protective Agents; D004999:Amifostine; D003538:Cystamine