title: Effect of prostaglandin E1 on inflammatory responses and gas exchange in patients undergoing surgery for oesophageal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oesophageal surgery causes morbidity and mortality from respiratory complications. We tested the possibility that prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) could reduce inflammatory cytokine responses and improve gas exchange after oesophagectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomized 14 patients into two groups. One group received PGE1 20 ng kg(-1) min(-1) i.v. during anaesthesia (PGE1 group) and the other group did not (control group). Anaesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and epidural anaesthesia. During oesophagectomy, ventilation of one lung was carried out with a double-lumen bronchial tube. The patients were extubated on or after the first postoperative day. Blood samples were taken at induction of anaesthesia, at the end of thoracotomy, at the end of the operation, 2 h after surgery and on the first day after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The groups were similar for ASA physical status, age, FEV1%, operation time, duration of thoracotomy, intraoperative fluid volume and blood loss. The arterial blood gas and arterial pressure during surgery were also similar in the PGE1 and control groups. However, the PaO2/FiO2 ratio on the first day after surgery was significantly greater in the PGE1 group compared with the control group. Serum concentrations of IL-6 and IL-8 increased after surgery in both groups. IL-6 was significantly less in the PGE1 group at the end of the operation and 2 h after the operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intraoperative PGE1 reduced IL-6 production in patients undergoing oesophagectomy and oxygenation was better in the postoperative period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138519, Japan. nakazawa.mane@tmd.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Narumi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishikage
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawano
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Makita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D000527:Alprostadil; D010100:Oxygen