title: Management of lentigo maligna and lentigo maligna melanoma with staged excision: a 5-year follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the long-term cure rate for treatment of lentigo maligna (LM) and lentigo maligna melanoma (LMM) by means of a staged, margin-controlled, vertical-edged excision with rush permanent specimens and a radial sectioning technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective follow-up study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University-affiliated and private-practice dermatologic surgery clinics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-nine patients treated for 55 LMs and 7 LMMs between January 1, 1990, and December 31, 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  The technique included vertical excision with initial 2- to 3-mm margins examined by rush permanent sections (prepared and read within 24 hours). Further excision took place as guided by histologic findings. Data on patient and lesion characteristics were obtained via a medical chart review. Patients were then contacted and examined for local recurrence. Biopsies were performed on all patients with possible recurrence on clinical examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Local recurrence of LM or LMM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a mean follow-up of 57 months (median, 54 months; 293.8 person-years), 95% of patients were free of recurrence. Three patients had local recurrence and no patients had evidence of metastasis. Two of the 3 local recurrences were of previously excised LM, and 1 was of an LMM. Half (32) of all lesions required 2 or more stages. One required more than 4 stages. The average margin of excision was 0.55 cm. Three of the 58 lesions read as LM on biopsy were found to have invasive disease (LMM) at the time of definitive excision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The technique described herein for the treatment of LM and LMM provides a long-term disease-free survival of 95%. The cure rate is greater than that reported for standard excision and is similar to that for other margin-control techniques. To our knowledge, this is the largest reported study and has the longest follow-up for this excision method for LM and LMM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bub
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: April
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Slee
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Odland
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018327:Hutchinson's Melanotic Freckle / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014861:Washington / Q000453:epidemiology