title: The effects of estrogens on learning in rats with chronic brain cholinergic deficiency in a Morris water test. Identification of the "passive swimming" component.
abstract: Chronic decreases in brain cholinergic functions due to intraventricular administration of the neurotoxin AF64A were accompanied by increases in the latent period of locating an invisible platform during training of rats in a Morris water test, as compared with control sham-operated animals. Recordings of the animals' movement trajectories using a video camera along with an original computer program (Behavioral Vision) showed that administration of 17beta-estradiol and its synthetic analog J-861 (0.2 mg/kg p.o. daily for seven days before and 10 days after single intraventricular injections of AF64A) improved learning. The directivity of platform search trajectories was assessed quantitatively using a new parameter--trajectory straightness. Introduction of the "passive swimming" parameter allowed periods of immobility in water to be identified within the total latent period in animals after administration of AF64A; 17beta-estradiol but not J-861 "eliminated" these periods. The new parameters (especially trajectory straightness) allowed the ability to learn to be discriminated from decreases in mobility, including mobility losses due to study agents, in the Morris water test.
authors.affiliation: Neurochemistry Laboratory, Institute of Physiologically Active Substances, Russian Academy of Sciences, Chernogolovka. mukhina@ipac.ac.ru
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Mukhina
authors.forename: N N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Lermontova
authors.forename: G I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Van'kin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oettel
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: P'chev
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Bachurin
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D001388:Aziridines; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002369:Castration; D002794:Choline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045166:Estradiol Congeners / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic / Q000187:drug effects; D012669:Seminal Vesicles / Q000473:pathology; D013550:Swimming; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001388:Aziridines; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D045166:Estradiol Congeners; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; C115405:J861 scavestrogen; D011950:Receptors, Cholinergic; D004958:Estradiol; C044894:ethylcholine aziridinium; D002794:Choline