title: Approach to managing elevated creatinine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a systematic approach to finding the underlying cause of an elevated creatinine level.
  
  
  METHODS
  This diagnostic approach is based on a synthesis of information from reference works on nephrology, articles found through a MEDLINE search, and the author's personal experience.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elevated creatinine levels suggest the differential diagnosis of renal failure (RF). History and a complete physical examination are important, keeping in mind that RF is often asymptomatic in the early stages. After repeating the creatinine test to verify results, baseline tests should be ordered to identify the cause of the RF. Comparing results of serial tests is essential for determining whether RF is acute or chronic, stable or progressive. An ultrasound scan is particularly useful for eliminating an obstructive cause; the size of the kidney can indicate whether disease is acute or chronic. Complementary blood tests and imaging studies might be useful.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Diagnosing and managing RF can appear complex, but a systematic approach will help you find the cause and treat the condition.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cité de la Santé de Laval, Quebec. richardtremblayx@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tremblay
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine