Psychometric evaluation of the Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS) in chronic pain patients.
This study examined psychometric properties of the Pain Anxiety Symptoms Scale (PASS), a measure of pain-related fear. A recently developed shortened version of the PASS, the PASS-20, was also investigated. Previously reported factor structures of the PASS were tested by means of confirmatory factor analysis. Results indicated that all models fitted adequately but that a five-factor solution fitted slightly better compared to the other models tested. The four-factor solution of the PASS-20 was tested by means of confirmatory factor analysis and results indicated adequate fit. Moreover, the four-factor solution of the PASS-20 was invariant among fibromyalgia and low-back pain patients. Convergent validity of the original PASS and the PASS-20 was good and internal consistency reliability adequate to excellent. The suitability of the original PASS and the PASS-20 are discussed and directions for future research are provided.
Roelofs
Jeffrey
J
Department of Medical, Clinical and Experimental Psychology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. j.roelofs@dep.unimaas.nl
McCracken
Lance
L
Peters
Madelon L
ML
Crombez
Geert
G
van Breukelen
Gerard
G
Vlaeyen
Johan W
JW
D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires