Metabolic syndrome: an appraisal of the pro-inflammatory and procoagulant status.
Inflammation and hypercoagulability predispose to atherothrombosis and seem to be important features of the metabolic syndrome. The most convincing evidence is the association with increased levels of C-reactive protein. The hemostatic abnormality that has been most consistently associated with insulin resistance is an elevated plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 level. In contrast, markers of hypercoagulability have been associated inconsistently with hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance. Fibrinogen clusters with inflammatory factors, which suggests involvement of adipose tissue-generated inflammatory cytokines. Elevated von Willebrand's factor and factor VIII levels aggregate with indicators of endothelial injury,whereas vitamin K-dependent coagulation proteins correlate with triglyceride levels.
Devaraj
Sridevi
S
Laboratory for Atherosclerosis and Metabolic Research, University of California Davis Medical Center, 4365 Second Avenue, Room 3000, Sacramento CA 95817, USA.
Rosenson
Robert S
RS
Jialal
Ishwarlal
I
D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*