title: [Lower lip biting habits and malocclusions]
abstract: In studying the cases of lower lip biting habits,we analyse and discuss its malocclusion and its orthodontic principle. It is indicated that prolonged lower lip biting habits always lead to overjet malocclusion,however,the mechanism by which overjet malocclusions are caused is different.We correct the malocclusions by the combination of lipbumper and removable,functional or fixed appliances to get the best results,depending on individual's age and the type of malocclusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Second Medical University. Shanghai 200011, China.
authors.forename: Q R
authors.initials: QR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Zhong