title: Effects of esculentoside A on production of interleukin-1, 2, and prostaglandin E2.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of esculentoside A (EsA) on immunological function and its mechanism of anti-inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interleukin-1 production was measured by thymocyte co-stimulating assay; the radioactivity of [(3)H]arachidonic acid (AA) was used to evaluate the release of AA; prostaglandin E2 production was measured with radioimmunoassay (RIA); IL-2 and IFN-gamma were detected by ELISA method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EsA (3-12 micromol/L)could potently inhibit the production of IL-1 and PGE(2) from both silent and LPS induced macrophages. EsA had no significant effect on the release of AA from murine macrophages. EsA could inhibit the production of IL-2 from murine lymphocytes induced by ConA, but not affect the production from silent lymphocytes. EsA showed no effect on the production of IFN-gamma from both silent and ConA induced lymphocytes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EsA could affect the immunological function through inhibiting the production of IL-2 from activated splenocytes and the inhibition of production of IL-1 and PGE(2) might be one of the anti-inflammation mechanisms of EsA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Zhen-Yu
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Qin-Yue
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Yuan-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Hong-Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009828:Oleanolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029603:Phytolacca / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D012503:Saponins; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; C076297:esculentoside A; D009828:Oleanolic Acid; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D015232:Dinoprostone