title: [Recent advances on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the main aspects of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder, including history, epidemiology, etiology, neurobiology, clinical features, comorbidities, diagnosis, outcome and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comprehensive, non-systematic review of the literature on attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder has a neurobiological basis, and is highly prevalent in children and adolescents. Treatment is very efficacious, including the use of medication in most the cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pediatricians are in a privileged position to detect this disorder early and to start the initial management of less severe cases and of those not complicated by extensive comorbidities.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS. lrohde@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Rohde
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Halpern
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors