title: Hypertension management and control among English adults aged 65 years and older in 2000 and 2001.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe blood pressures, and hypertension and its management among older people.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two combined annual cross-sectional surveys.
  
  
  METHODS
  England 2000 and 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nationally-representative sample of 3513 non-institutionalized people aged more than 64 years (elderly).
  
  
  METHODS
  (1). Use of antihypertensive agents, and hypertension according to two definitions: receiving blood pressure decreasing treatment, or either: systolic blood pressure > or= 160 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > or= 90 mmHg (old); or systolic blood pressure > or= 140 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure > or=90 mmHg (new). (2). Rates of treatment and control (old: < 160/90 mmHg; new: < 140/85 mmHg). (3). Isolated systolic hypertension stage 1 (systolic blood pressure > or= 140-159 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg), or stage 2 (systolic blood pressure > or= 160 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2000/2001, 62 and 81% of elderly adults were hypertensive according to the old and new definitions, respectively. Among those with hypertension (new definition) treatment and control rates were 56 and 19% (control rates among those treated were 36% in men and 30% in women). Of those treated, 54% were receiving one drug, 35% were receiving two, and 10% were receiving three or more drugs. Among untreated hypertensive individuals, 23% had increased systolic and diastolic pressures, 76% had isolated systolic hypertension and 1% had isolated diastolic hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that, according to current guidelines more than 67% of older English adults should receive antihypertensive medication. To pre-empt this situation, population-based strategies to reduce the current rate of increase in blood pressure throughout adult life should be urgently implemented. Only then will the current epidemic of hypertension among the elderly, with the huge cost associated with its management and adverse cardiovascular sequelae, be averted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London Medical School, London, UK. p.primatesta@vcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Primatesta
authors.forename: Neil R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Poulter
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents