title: Endoscopic papillary balloon dilation for treatment of common bile duct stones.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Use of endoscopic papillary balloon dilation (EPBD) for the treatment of common bile duct stones has increased in recent years, owing to its simplicity and its advantage of preserving sphincter function. It has been reported that EPBD is associated with a lower risk of bleeding, but a higher risk of pancreatitis than endoscopic sphincterotomy. However, there have been few reports on studies of post-EPBD pancreatitis. This report concerns the use of EPBD at our department for the treatment of common bile duct stones and early postoperative complications, with a focus on pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted in 63 patients with choledocholithiasis, including 4 patients with cirrhosis and 21 patients with periampullary diverticula. The stones were extracted after EPBD conducted with an 8-mm dilatation balloon.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete removal of stones was achieved in 53 out of 63 patients (84.1%). Pancreatitis meeting the criteria of Cotton et al. occurred in 7 of the 63 patients (11.1%), while 12 patients (19.5%) were affected when milder cases of pancreatitis were included. Severe pancreatitis occurred in 1 patient only. Cholangitis occurred in 3 patients (4.8%) and basket impaction occurred in 1 patient (1.6%), but no serious complications such as bleeding or perforation were encountered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that EPBD is an effective procedure for the treatment of common bile duct stones, with a low risk of serious complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Dokkyo University School of Medicine, Shimotsuga, Tochigi, Japan. hidetaka@dokkyomed.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hidetaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hiraishi
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koitabashi
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasai
authors.forename: Kazunari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanke
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oinuma
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yasunaga
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014670:Ampulla of Vater; D002404:Catheterization; D005260:Female; D042882:Gallstones / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology