[Regional anesthesia and analgesia applications in children and infants--II].
For years pediatric pain management has been practiced without clear rational use of analgesic therapy. The recent improved understanding of anatomical and physiological pathways of pain perceptions, and opioid and local anesthetic pharmacology in infants and children has led to the development of formal analgesic regimens for the management of pain. Also modifying the anatomical approach for children, studying new agents and combinations of agents, technological developments have made regional anesthetics techniques more accessible to children. For these reasons, in the last two decades, there has been an explosion of interest and research related to the use of regional anesthetic techniques in children. Regional anesthetic techniques have a significant but limited place in the practice of pain management in infants and children. However regional anesthetic techniques presumably afford many of the same advantages for the pediatric patients as it does in the adult patients. In this review, we discuss regional and topical anesthetic techniques available to clinicians who care for this population.
Ozyalçin
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Istanbul Universitesi Istanbul Tip Fakültesi, Algoloji Bilim Dali, Monoblok 34390, Istanbul, Turkey. ozyalcin@renetworks.net
Menda
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D000698:Analgesia / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*