title: Continuous renal replacement therapy after cardiac surgery. Review of 85 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the outcome of patients who require continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) following cardiac surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients who received CRRT after cardiac surgery over more than 4 years at the Surgical Intensive Care Unit of the Montreal Heart Institute were reviewed. Among 5,564 consecutive patients, 85 underwent CRRT postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean delay between surgery and CRRT initiation was 5 days, and the duration of CRRT was 9 days, without a difference between survivors and non-survivors. Delivered clearances with CRRT were estimated at 25-28 ml/min (approximately 40 liters/day), 29-32 ml/min (approximately 46 liters/day) and 17 ml/min (approximately 25 liters/day) for continuous veno-venous hemofiltration, continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration and continuous veno-venous hemodialysis, respectively. In-hospital mortality was 43.5%. No difference in mortality was observed between patients with normal renal function at baseline and those with pre-operative renal dysfunction. Mortality was 33.3% after a coronary artery bypass graft (CABG), 57.1% after CABG and valve surgery, 60% after valve surgery, and 72.7% for redo-CABG or redo-valve surgery. 79% of survivors and 86% of non-survivors had received a cardiopulmonary bypass (p = NS). The Simplified Acute Physiology Score II upon intensive care unit (ICU) admission and the requirement of an intra-aortic balloon pump were higher in non-survivors (p < 0.05). The mean length of ICU and hospital stay was 27.4 and 34.2 days for survivors and 17.9 and 22.3 days for non-survivors, respectively (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal impairment is relatively common after cardiac surgery. The mortality of patients who required CRRT after cardiac surgery was 43.5% and was particularly influenced by the type of surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Intensive Care, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, QC H1T 2M4, Canada.
authors.forename: Facundo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lugones
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chiotti
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carrier
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Parent
authors.forename: Jacinthe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thibodeau
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ducharme
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cardinal
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leblanc
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome