title: Residential traffic density and cancer incidence in Amsterdam, 1989-1997.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between cancer incidence in 1989-1997 in Amsterdam and residential traffic intensity.
  
  
  METHODS
  We linked data on the daily traffic intensity for individual addresses along the main roads with the population-based regional cancer registry. Information on smoking habits was derived from a smoking survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During 1989-1997, 27,157 cancer cases were diagnosed in Amsterdam residents. Using the age group- and sex-specific cancer incidence in the population not residing along the main roads as a reference, the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) of the population residing along the main roads was 1.03, (3384 cases), while the 95% confidence interval (CI) included unity (1.00-1.07). For most cancer sites the SIR was close to one, except for gastrointestinal cancer in males (SIR 1.16, CI: 1.04, 1.28), cancer of the respiratory tract in females (SIR 1.13, CI: 0.97, 1.31) and hematological malignancies in adult females (SIR 1.23, CI: 1.04, 1.44). Five cases of acute lymphocytic leukemia were diagnosed in children along the main roads (SIR 2.5, CI: 0.8, 5.9). Smoking habits did not differ between residents along the main roads and those living along other roads.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no clear evidence for an association between residence along main roads and the incidence of cancer in adults, but we cannot exclude an association with hematological malignancies in females and children.
authors.affiliation: Comprehensive Cancer Center Amsterdam, P.O. Box 9236, 1006 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands. ov@ikca.nl
authors.forename: Otto
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: Joop H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: van Wijnen
authors.forename: Flora E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: van Leeuwen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007938:Leukemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014186:Transportation; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D001335:Vehicle Emissions