title: Genetic polymorphisms and antiviral activity in the bovine MX1 gene.
abstract: Bovine MX1 cDNAs consisting of 2280 bp from 11 animals of five breeds and from a cultured cell line were sequenced and compared with previously reported data. Ten nucleotide substitutions were synonymous mutations, and a single nucleotide substitution at 458 resulted in an amino acid exchange of Ile (ATT) and Met (ATG). A 13-bp deletion-insertion mutation was also found in the 3'-UTR. Based on the nucleotide substitutions found in this study, bovine MX1 cDNA was classified into 11 genotypes. A phylogenetic tree of the 11 genotypes suggested that the genotypes observed in Brahman were a great genetic distance from other genotypes. An 18-bp deletion-insertion variation at position 171 was found to be the result of alternative splicing. The 18-bp deletion-insertion is located at the boundary between exon 3 and intron 3. Permanently transfected 3T3 cell lines expressing bovine MX1 mRNA were established to analyse the antiviral potential against VSVDeltaG*-G infection. Transfected cell clones expressing bovine MX1 mRNA showed a significantly smaller number of cells infected with VSVDeltaG*-G compared with the control cells. These results indicate that the bovine MX1 protein has potent antiviral activity.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakatsu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Onogi
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Ables
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishibori
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawai
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Daikohara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020125:Mutation, Missense / Q000235:genetics; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014162:Transfection; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; C579070:Mx1 protein, mouse; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins