Barriers built on claudins.
The fundamental functions of epithelia and endothelia in multicellular organisms are to separate compositionally distinct compartments and regulate the exchange of small solutes and other substances between them. Tight junctions (TJs) between adjacent cells constitute the barrier to the passage of ions and molecules through the paracellular pathway and function as a 'fence' within the plasma membrane to create and maintain apical and basolateral membrane domains. How TJs achieve this is only beginning to be understood. Recently identified components of TJs include the claudins, a family of four-transmembrane-span proteins that are prime candidates for molecules that function in TJ permeability. Their identification and characterization have provided new insight into the diversity of different TJs and heterogeneity of barrier functions in different epithelia and endothelia.
Turksen
Kursad
K
Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ontario K1Y 4E9, Canada. kturksen@ohri.ca
Troy
Tammy-Claire
TC
D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry*; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability; D016764:Cell Polarity; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D019108:Tight Junctions; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D008565:Membrane Proteins