title: Adolescents with Down syndrome.
abstract: Adolescence is a period of transition that can create stress for both adolescents and parents. Adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) go through the same stages as other adolescents, but due to lack of cognitive and behavioral factors they and their parents may find this period particularly challenging. This paper reviews several studies, especially from the United Kingdom, of groups of adolescents with Down syndrome and their controls followed from childhood, through adolescence into adulthood. There are special medical problems for this population that require annual medical examinations and surveillance, but the focus has shifted from health problems to social maturation, developing independence, and transition from school to employment or work activity. Medical transition from a pediatric to family physician provider is mentioned with recommendations as to how that transition can be made as smooth as possible.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Office of the Medical Director, Division for Mental Retardation, Ministry of Social Affairs, Jerusalem, Israel. jmerrick@internet-zahav.net
authors.forename: Joav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Merrick
authors.forename: Isack
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kandel
authors.forename: Gideon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vardi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000295:Adolescent Medicine; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D005190:Family; D006801:Humans; D011606:Psychosexual Development