title: Histomorphometric, ultrastructural and microhardness evaluation of the osseointegration of a nanostructured titanium oxide coating by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition: an in vivo study.
abstract: Over the past decade the increase of elderly population has determined a rise in the incidence of bone fractures, and the improvement of the implant-bone interface remains an open problem. Metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) has recently been proposed as a technique to coat orthopaedic and dental prostheses with metal nanostructured oxide films either through the decomposition of oxygenated compounds (single-source precursors) or the reaction of oxygen-free metal compounds with oxygenating agents. The present study was performed to assess the in vivo biocompatibility of commercially pure Ti (control material: TI/MA) implants ( psi 2 mm x 5 mm length) coated with nanostructured TiO2 films by MOCVD (Ti/MOCVD) and then inserted into rabbit femoral cortical (middhiaphysis) and cancellous (distal epiphysis) bone. Histomorphometric, ultrastructural and microhardness investigations were carried out. Four and 12 weeks after surgery, significant (p<0.0005) increases in AI of Ti/MOCVD implants were observed as compared to Ti/MA implants (distal femoral epiphysis: 4 weeks=8.2%, ns; 12 weeks=52.3%, p <0.005; femoral diaphysis: 4 weeks=20.2%, p <0.0005; 12 weeks=10.7%, p <0.005). Bone microhardness results showed significant increases for the Ti/MOCVD versus Ti/MA implants at 200 microm in the femoral diaphysis (4 weeks=14.2, p <0.005) and distal femoral epiphysis (12 weeks=14.5, p <0.01) at 4 and 12 weeks, respectively. In conclusion, the current findings demonstrate that the nanostructured TiO2 coating positively affects the osseointegration rate of commercially pure Ti implants and the bone mineralization at the bone-biomaterial interface in both cortical and cancellous bone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy. gianluca.giavaresi@ior.it
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giavaresi
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ambrosio
authors.forename: Giovanni A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Battiston
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Casellato
authors.forename: Rosalba
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gerbasi
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Finia
authors.forename: Nicolò Nicoli
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Aldini
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Lia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rimondini
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giardino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005269:Femur / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006245:Hardness Tests; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium