title: Treatment of spondylolysis with external electrical stimulation in young athletes: a critical literature review.
abstract: Lumbar spondylolysis is a common cause of low back pain in adolescent athletes. It is a unilateral or bilateral defect of the pars interarticularis. The cause is still a matter of debate. A wide range of conservative treatments has been used. The purpose of this critical literature review is to investigate the efficacy of external electrical stimulation in the healing of this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Centre of Rheumatology and Rehabilitation, Athens, Greece. d_stasinopoulos@yahoo.gr
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stasinopoulos
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D002648:Child; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D013169:Spondylolysis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome