title: Monitoring the expression profiles of doxorubicin-resistant K562 human leukemia cells by serial analysis of gene expression.
abstract: We examined the expression profiles of doxorubicin-resistant K562 cells by serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) to identify novel and/or partially characterized genes that might be related to drug resistance in human leukemia. SAGE complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries were constructed from K562 and doxorubicin-resistant K562 (K562/ADM) cells, and concatamer sequences were analyzed with SAGE 2000 software. We used 9792 tags in the identification of 1076 different transcripts, 296 of which were similarly expressed in K562 and K562/ADM cells. There were 343 genes more actively expressed in K562/ADM than in parental K562 cells and 437 genes expressed less often in K562/ADM cells. K562/ADM cells showed increased expression of well-known genes, including the genes for spectrin beta, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 1A (EIF1A), RAD23 homolog B, laminin receptor 1, and polyA-, RAN-, and PAI-1 messenger RNA-binding proteins. K562/ADM cells showed decreased expression of the genes for fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1), hemoglobin epsilon 1, N-myristoyltransferase 1, hemoglobin alpha 2, NADH dehydrogenase Fe-S protein 6, heat shock 90-kDa protein, and karyopherin beta 1. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the increased expression of EIF1A and the decreased expression of FADS1 in K562/ADM cells. Prior to this investigation, such differences in the expression of these genes in doxorubicin-resistant leukemia cells were unknown. Although we do not provide any evidence in the present report for the potential roles of these genes in drug resistance, SAGE may provide a perspective into our understanding of drug resistance in human leukemia that is different from that provided by cDNA microarray analysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III, Akita University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Hondo, Akita 010-8543, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirokawa
authors.forename: Namiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aiba
authors.forename: Naohito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujishima
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Komatsuda
authors.forename: Hirobumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kume
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawada
mesh_terms: D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D007938:Leukemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000090943:Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D004317:Doxorubicin; C000716847:FADS1 protein, human