Spectrum of high-resolution sonographic features of urinary tuberculosis.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the high-resolution sonographic features of urinary tuberculosis.


METHODS
During a period of about 3 years 6 months, there were 45 patients with sonographic features of urinary tuberculosis that was subsequently proved by urine culture or biopsy. The clinical symptoms, urinalysis findings, sonographic features, urine smear findings, and biopsy findings were recorded.


RESULTS
The most common symptoms were dysuria and frequency of micturition. Sonographic features included parenchymal masses, cavities, mucosal thickening of the collecting system and urinary bladder, stenosis of the collecting system, a contracted urinary bladder, vesicoureteric reflux, and calcifications. The proof of tuberculosis was by urinalysis, culture, and biopsy.


CONCLUSIONS
High-resolution sonography in appropriate clinical situations is useful in diagnosis of urinary tuberculosis. The various high-resolution sonographic findings in urinary tuberculosis are illustrated. The distinguishing features are visualization of involvement of multiple sites and multiple stages of disease in the same patient.
Vijayaraghavan
S Boopathy
SB
Sonoscan Ultrasonic Scan Centre, Coimbatore, India. sonoscan@vsnl.com
Kandasamy
Sangampalayam V
SV
Arul
Mylsamy
M
Prabhakar
Muniappan
M
Dhinakaran
Chokkalingu L
CL
Palanisamy
Ramasamy
R
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014398:Tuberculosis, Renal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014401:Tuberculosis, Urogenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography