Selected medication-error data from USP's MEDMARX program for 2002.
OBJECTIVE
Records from USP's MEDMARX database of medication errors for 2002 were studied.


METHODS
Records of medication errors submitted to MEDMARX by participating health care institutions during 2002 were analyzed for error category index (whether a medication error actually occurred, whether it reached the patient, and, if so, the effect), node (the point in the medication-use process where the error occurred), type of error, cause, contributing factors, and drug products involved.


RESULTS
The number of participating institutions was 482, and the number of medication error records released to MEDMARX was 192,477, an 82.2% increase from 2001. Errors that did not reach the patient were seen in 35% of the records, errors that reached the patient were seen in 49%, and errors that may have contributed to or resulted in harm were seen in 2%. The nodes, types of errors, causes of errors, contributing factors, and leading products by generic name are discussed.


CONCLUSIONS
An analysis of over 192,000 records of medication errors submitted by nearly 500 health care facilities to USP's MEDMARX database in 2002 produced detailed information on the scope and nature of medication errors.
Hicks
Rodney W
RW
Center for the Advancement of Patient Safety, United States Pharmacopeia, Rockville, MD, USA.
Cousins
Diane D
DD
Williams
Roger L
RL
D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; D015984:Causality; D003628:Database Management Systems; D006801:Humans; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010602:Pharmacopoeias as Topic; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology