The role of homologous recombination repair in the formation of chromosome aberrations.
The repair of DNA double strand breaks by homologous recombination can occur by at least two pathways: a Rad51-dependent pathway that is predominantly error free, and a Rad51-independent pathway (single strand annealing, SSA) that is error prone. In theory, chromosome exchanges can result from (mis)repair by either pathway. Both repair pathways will involve a search for homologous sequence, leading to co-localization of chromatin. Genes involved in homologous recombination repair (HRR) have now been successfully knocked out in mice and the role of HRR in the formation of chromosome exchanges, particularly after ionising radiation, is discussed in the light of new evidence.
Griffin
C S
CS
Medical Research Council, Radiation and Genome Stability Unit, Harwell, Oxfordshire, UK. c.griffin@har.mrc.ac.uk
Thacker
J
J
D000818:Animals; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000528:radiation effects; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D006224:Cricetinae; D003434:Crossing Over, Genetic; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000502:physiology*; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D004261:DNA Replication; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005313:Fetal Death / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008957:Models, Genetic; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange
D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C113187:XRCC2 protein, human; C491866:Xrcc2 protein, mouse; D004247:DNA; C495151:RAD51 protein, S cerevisiae; C495153:RAD51 protein, human; D051135:Rad51 Recombinase; C495154:Rad51 protein, mouse; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes