title: Computerized detection and classification of cancer on breast ultrasound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop and evaluate a two-stage computerized method that first detects suspicious regions on ultrasound images, and subsequently distinguishes among different lesion types.
  
  
  METHODS
  The first stage of detecting potential lesions was based on expected lesion shape and margin characteristics. After the detection stage, all candidate lesions were classified by a Bayesian neural net based on computer-extracted lesion features. Two separate tasks were performed and evaluated at the classification stage: the first classification task was the distinction between all actual lesions and false-positive detections; the second classification task was the distinction between actual cancer and all other detected lesion candidates (including false-positive detections). The neural nets were trained on a database of 400 cases (757 images), consisting of complex cysts and benign and malignant lesions, and tested on an independent database of 458 cases (1,740 images including 578 normal images).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the distinction between all actual lesions and false-positive detections, Az values of 0.94 and 0.91 were obtained with the training and testing data sets, respectively. Sensitivity by patient of 90% at 0.45 false-positive detections per image was achieved for this detection-plus-classification scheme for the testing data set. Distinguishing cancer from all other detections (false-positives plus all benign lesions) proved to be more challenging, and Az values of 0.87 and 0.81 were obtained during training and testing, respectively. Sensitivity by patient of 100% at 0.43 false-positive malignancies per image was achieved in the detection and classification of cancerous lesions for the testing dataset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show promising performance of the computerized lesion detection and classification method, and indicate the potential of such a system for clinical breast ultrasound.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology MC2026, University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Drukker
authors.forename: Maryellen L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Giger
authors.forename: Carl J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Vyborny
authors.forename: Ellen B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Mendelson
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary / Q000379:methods*