title: Gene expression profiling identifies liver X receptor alpha as an estrogen-regulated gene in mouse adipose tissue.
abstract: Estrogens reduce adipose tissue mass in both humans and animals. The molecular mechanisms for this effect are, however, not well characterized. We took a gene expression profiling approach to study the direct effects of estrogen on mouse white adipose tissue (WAT). Female ovariectomized mice were treated for 10, 24 and 48 h with 17beta-estradiol or vehicle. RNA was extracted from gonadal fat and hybridized to Affymetrix MG-U74Av2 arrays. 17beta-Estradiol was shown to decrease mRNA expression of liver X receptor (LXR) alpha after 10 h of treatment compared with the vehicle control. The expression of several LXRalpha target genes, such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c, apolipoprotein E, phospholipid transfer protein, ATP-binding cassette A1 and ATP-binding cassette G1, was similarly decreased. We furthermore identified a 1.5 kb LXRalpha promoter fragment that is negatively regulated by estrogen. Several genes involved in lipogenesis and lipolysis were identified as novel targets that could mediate estrogenic effects on adipose tissue. Finally, we show that ERalpha is the main estrogen receptor expressed in mouse white adipose tissue (WAT) with mRNA levels several hundred times higher than those of ERbeta mRNA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institutet, SE-141 57 Huddinge, Sweden. lovisa.lundholm@biosci.ki.se
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lundholm
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Movérare
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Steffensen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otsuki
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohlsson
authors.forename: J-A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dahlman-Wright
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D019295:Computational Biology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; C000605213:NR1H3 protein, human; C000605214:Nr1h3 protein, mouse; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; C497387:SREBF1 protein, human; C497388:Srebf1 protein, mouse; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors