Genetic polymorphisms and antiviral activity in the bovine MX1 gene.
Bovine MX1 cDNAs consisting of 2280 bp from 11 animals of five breeds and from a cultured cell line were sequenced and compared with previously reported data. Ten nucleotide substitutions were synonymous mutations, and a single nucleotide substitution at 458 resulted in an amino acid exchange of Ile (ATT) and Met (ATG). A 13-bp deletion-insertion mutation was also found in the 3'-UTR. Based on the nucleotide substitutions found in this study, bovine MX1 cDNA was classified into 11 genotypes. A phylogenetic tree of the 11 genotypes suggested that the genotypes observed in Brahman were a great genetic distance from other genotypes. An 18-bp deletion-insertion variation at position 171 was found to be the result of alternative splicing. The 18-bp deletion-insertion is located at the boundary between exon 3 and intron 3. Permanently transfected 3T3 cell lines expressing bovine MX1 mRNA were established to analyse the antiviral potential against VSVDeltaG*-G infection. Transfected cell clones expressing bovine MX1 mRNA showed a significantly smaller number of cells infected with VSVDeltaG*-G compared with the control cells. These results indicate that the bovine MX1 protein has potent antiviral activity.
Nakatsu
Y
Y
Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
Yamada
K
K
Ueda
J
J
Onogi
A
A
Ables
G P
GP
Nishibori
M
M
Hata
H
H
Takada
A
A
Sawai
K
K
Tanabe
Y
Y
Morita
M
M
Daikohara
M
M
Watanabe
T
T
D016475:3T3 Cells; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020125:Mutation, Missense / Q000235:genetics; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014162:Transfection; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000235:genetics*
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; C579070:Mx1 protein, mouse; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins