title: A randomized Phase II trial of the antiangiogenic agent SU5416 in hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the activity of the antiangiogenic agent and VEGFR2 inhibitor SU5416 in hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six chemotherapy naïve patients were randomized to treatment with SU5416 (145 mg/m(2)) and dexamethasone premedication or dexamethasone alone. Patients in the control arm could cross over to experimental therapy after progression. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was measured every 2 weeks, and radiological evaluation was performed every 8 weeks. In vitro assessment of SU5416 on PSA secretion was assessed in the LNCaP cell line. Baseline serum basic fibroblast growth factor and plasma vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were explored as prognostic factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEGF receptor-2 expression is detectable in prostate cancer cell lines, and SU5416 inhibited in vitro PSA secretion. No effect of SU5416 on PSA secretion or time to progression is detectable in patients. VEGF and basic fibroblast growth factor were not prognostic. Headache and fatigue were the most common SU5416 toxicities, but hyperglycemia, hyponatremia, lymphopenia, infection, and adrenal suppression, all attributable to steroids and the required central line, were common.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No disease modifying effects of SU5416 were detectable in this small study. Modest toxicity, an inconvenient administration schedule, and availability of other VEGFR-targeted agents support the decision to halt further evaluation of SU5416 in prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: University of Chicago Phase II Consortium, University of Chicago, Section of Hematology/Oncology, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA. wstadler@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu
authors.forename: Walter M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Stadler
authors.forename: Dingcai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Vogelzang
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoving
authors.forename: Russell
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karrison
authors.forename: Everett E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Vokes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000097:blood; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D007211:Indoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; C116890:Semaxinib; D003907:Dexamethasone; D040301:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-2; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen