Managing the mycorrhizosphere--an approach to sustainable agriculture after the phaseout of methyl bromide?
Plant Health Promoting Rhizobacteria (PHPR) with known biocontrol activity toward the root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognito, were tested for their ability to promote root colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on tomato under greenhouse conditions. In addition, bacteria isolated from mycorrhizal spores were tested for their direct biological control activity on nematode early root penetration. The nematode antagonistic rhizobacteria Rhizobium etli G12 significantly increased mycorrhizal establishment. In addition, two of nine bacteria isolated from the mycorrhizosphere were shown to significantly reduce M. incognita early root penetration. The experiments produced important data on the interaction between rhizobacteria and the symbiotic fungus that in some combinations work synergistically in controlling the root-knot nematode. The potential of using such multitrophic treatment combinations in integrated management targeted first at reducing nematode early root penetration in young transplants and then later for sustainable biocontrol of root-knot under field conditions are discussed.
Reimann
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Soil-Ecosystem Phytopathology and Nematology Institut für Pflanzenkrankheiten, Universität Bonn, Nussallee 9, D-53115 Bonn, Germany.
Sikora
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D000818:Animals; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000382:microbiology; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000254:growth & development*; D009348:Nematoda; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D010944:Plants / Q000382:microbiology / Q000469:parasitology; D012639:Seeds / Q000382:microbiology
D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; C005218:methyl bromide