title: The ideal lavage volume for removing bradykinin, interleukin-6, and protein from the temporomandibular joint by arthrocentesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the ideal volume of perfusate for arthrocentesis of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders (TMDs).
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 17 joints in 17 patients with TMD in this study. Arthrocentesis of the TMJ was done by perfusion of 400 mL of Ringer's solution. The first 5 mL of perfusate was collected, and then a 5-mL sample was collected when the total volume of perfusate outflow approached 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mL. The concentrations of bradykinin, interleukin-6, and protein were measured by immunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentration of bradykinin, interleukin-6, and protein during arthrocentesis were effectively reduced by more than 200 mL of lavage (P <.05). With a perfusate volume of 300 to 400 mL, the protein and bradykinin were no longer detectable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arthrocentesis is effective for washing out bradykinin, interleukin-6, and protein from the TMJ, and the ideal lavage volume of perfusate for arthrocentesis is between 300 and 400 mL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa, Japan. k-k@kanazawa-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Keiseki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneyama
authors.forename: Natsuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Segami
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001920:Bradykinin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D019152:Paracentesis / Q000379:methods*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011506:Proteins; D001920:Bradykinin