title: Effect of 1000 ppm relative to 250 ppm fluoride toothpaste. A meta-analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the overall effect of 1000 ppm F relative to 250 ppm F toothpaste.
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental caries increment studies from the dental literature, which compared 1000 ppm with 250 ppm fluoride toothpastes, were summarized using meta-analytic methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall caries reduction of 1000 ppm F relative to 250 ppm F paste was estimated to be 0.142 (95%-CL: 0.074-0.210) when applying a fixed effects model and 0.129 (95%-CL: 0.012-0.230) when applying a random effects model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present analysis found slightly lower caries increments (14%, 13%) in children using 1000 ppm F toothpastes compared to children using 250 ppm F pastes. On the other hand, the use of 1000 ppm F pastes is associated with dental fluorosis. Considering these effects it seems justifiable to the authors to keep the use of 250 ppm F pastes for preschool children in Switzerland.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Preventive Dentistry, Periodontology and Cariology, Center of Dentistry, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, CH-8028 Zurich, Switzerland. marcel.steiner@zzmk.unizh.ch
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Helfenstein
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Menghini
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018849:Controlled Clinical Trials as Topic; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D009050:Fluorosis, Dental / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D014100:Toothpastes; D005459:Fluorides