title: Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase deficiency: identification of a novel molecular defect in a Bedouin patient.
abstract: Carnitine-acylcarnitine translocase CACT deficiency is a very rare autosomal recessive disease. The neonatal phenotype of CACT deficiency is characterized by hypoketotic hypoglycaemia, hyperammonaemia, cardiomyopathy and skeletal muscle weakness culminating in early death. The disease is caused by mutations in the CACT gene, which encodes a protein transporting long-chain fatty acid carnitine esters into the mitochondrial matrix. In this report, we describe the first case of CACT deficiency in the Bedouin population in Israel. The patient, the first son of consanguineous parents, was born at term after uneventful delivery. During the second day of life, he developed clinical signs of an acute metabolic crisis with severe hypoglycaemia and hyperammonaemia. Biochemical investigation suggested the diagnosis of CACT deficiency. Genetic molecular analysis confirmed this diagnosis by demonstrating that the affected child was homozygous for a novel missense mutation 793A>G, substituting glutamine by arginine (Q238R) in exon 7 of the CACT gene. Despite medical treatment and adequate nutrition, the patient died at 6 months of age.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Institute, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Galron
authors.forename: O S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Birk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kazanovitz
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Moses
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hershkovitz
mesh_terms: D018912:Arabs / Q000235:genetics*; D002331:Carnitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D002333:Carnitine Acyltransferases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007557:Israel; D008297:Male; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: C116917:acylcarnitine; D002333:Carnitine Acyltransferases; D002331:Carnitine