title: Rivastigmine superior to aspirin plus nimodipine in subcortical vascular dementia: an open, 16-month, comparative study.
abstract: Recent data indicate that patients with vascular dementia (VaD) show a cholinergic deficit. Having obtained good results in a previous study comparing rivastigmine, an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholine-sterase (BuChE), vs. aspirin, we aimed to compare the efficacy and tolerability of rivastigmine vs. aspirin plus nimodipine. Patients with a diagnosis of dementia and probable VaD received rivastigmine 3-6 mg/day (n = 32) or aspirin plus nimodipine (n = 32) in an open study for 16 months. Patients treated with rivastigmine showed superior benefits, compared with those receiving aspirin plus nimodipine, in attention, executive function, instrumental activities of daily living, and behavioural and psychotic disturbances. Side-effects in both groups were tolerable and there were no study withdrawals. The benefits observed with rivastigmine may reflect its inhibitory effects on AChE and BuChE, and the drug's affinity for frontal brain areas.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Fisiologia e Patologia, Università degli Studi di Trieste, Trieste, Italy. moretti@universitytrieste.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Torre
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Antonello
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cazzato
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Griggio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ukmar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bava
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002219:Carbamates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009553:Nimodipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D000068836:Rivastigmine; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009553:Nimodipine; D000068836:Rivastigmine; D001241:Aspirin