title: Phorbol ester promotes histone H3-Ser10 phosphorylation at the LDL receptor promoter in a protein kinase C-dependent manner.
abstract: Histone modification is emerging as a major regulatory mechanism for modulating gene expression by altering the accessibility of transcription factors to DNA. This study unravels the relationship between histone H3 modifications and LDL receptor induction, focusing also on routes by which phosphorylation is mediated in human hepatoma HepG2 cells. We show that while histone H3 is constitutively acetylated at LDL receptor chromatin, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) causes rapid hyperphosphorylation of histone H3 on serine 10 (histone H3-Ser10), despite global reduction in its phosphorylation levels. Ser10 hyperphosphorylation precedes LDL receptor induction and is independent of the p42/44MAPK, p38MAPK, pp90RSK, or MSK-1 cascade. Interestingly, inhibition of protein kinase C (PKC) blocks Ser10 hyperphosphorylation and also compromises LDL receptor induction by TPA. Consistent with its role, recombinant purified PKC phosphorylate purified histone H3-Ser10. Collectively, our findings highlight a novel role for PKC in regulating histone H3-Ser10 phosphorylation and suggest that histone modification provides numerous regulatory opportunities to set the overall range of control attainable for LDL receptor gene induction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Vachaspati
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.forename: Ishan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dillon
authors.forename: Kamal D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Mehta
mesh_terms: D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D010703:Phorbol Esters / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006657:Histones; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D012694:Serine; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate