title: A process model for evidence-based literature syntheses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the development and implementation of the Triad Model of Research Synthesis, developed as a mechanism to produce systematic literature reviews that can serve as sources of evidence for decision making in health care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Authors' recollections of the development and implementation process over a one-year period during 2002. Tracking forms were completed by members of three triad teams as they compiled research syntheses on clinical topics: pharmacologic treatment of dyspnea, assessment of sleep disturbances in patients with cancer, and exercise as an intervention for cancer-related fatigue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The systematic literature review process includes the following steps: (a) organize, search the literature, and focus the research synthesis question; (b) critique the selected literature; (c) synthesize the evidence; and (d) write. On average, triad members spent hours that were equivalent to full-time work during the year (excluding completion of manuscripts) on the synthesis projects. Hours spent varied by member role and with each phase of the process.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Performing a research synthesis using the triad model was a productive and resource-intensive experience that points to the need for negotiating resources prior to embarking on such an exercise.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Given a group of highly motivated nurses and others with adequate time and resources, this model can be effective when developing systematic reviews about a variety of topics. Literature syntheses developed can be used as evidence for clinicians and others to develop practice protocols and other evidence-based care guidelines.
authors.affiliation: California State University, Fullerton, CA, USA. drutledge1@cox.net
authors.forename: Dana N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Rutledge
authors.forename: Judith A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: DePalma
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cunningham
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000379:methods*; D012196:Review Literature as Topic