title: Non-pancreatic periampullary adenocarcinomas: an explanation for favorable prognosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our previous studies demonstrate that patients with non-pancreatic periampullary adenocarcinomas have a favorable prognosis relative to those with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. This study investigates histopathologic factors that contribute to the superior outcome of these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of all patients explored for periampullary neoplasms at a single institution over a 20-year period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  291 patients with periampullary neoplasms underwent exploratory laparotomy, of which 185 had resectable tumors. Periampullary adenocarcinomas were resected in 120: pancreatic head (n=74), distal common bile duct (n=10), duodenum (n=5), and ampulla of Vater (n=31). The resection rate for non-pancreatic adenocarcinomas was 90%, while that of pancreatic cancers was 44% (p<0.01). Median survival for resected non-pancreatic adenocarcinomas was 38.8 months; that of pancreatic tumors was 15.3 months (p<0.01). Non-pancreatic adenocarcinomas were significantly smaller (p<0.001), better differentiated (p<0.001), and less likely to have involved nodes (p<0.001), margins (p<0.001), perineural invasion (p<0.001), or vascular invasion (p<0.2) than pancreatic adenocarcinomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histopathologic features of non-pancreatic periampullary adenocarcinomas significantly differentiate them from pancreatic adenocarcinoma and contribute to their relatively favorable long-term outcome following resection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California 92103, USA.
authors.forename: Matthew H G
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bouvet
authors.forename: Waddah
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Al-Refaie
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Gilpin
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Moossa
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014670:Ampulla of Vater; D003138:Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate