title: Development of a stereotaxic instrument for study of the bovine central nervous system.
abstract: We have developed a bovine stereotaxic instrument in this study to be used for Holstein cattle from weanling to adult age. The bovine stereotaxic instrument is derived from the Horsley-Clarke principle. A pair of straight ear-bars and orbital ridge pieces with their carriers, head clamps, AP bars are symmetrically arranged across the head pace. For holding the heavy heads, a hard palate and a mandibular support are designed to be placed on the surface of the base frame. A new manipulator with long working distance has also been made. For ventriculography, a holder inserting an X-ray film cassette is placed just next to the AP bar. Finally, the instrument was combined together with an oil-operated lift, so that it can be adjusted to a proper height. Details of this instrument are described in this paper.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurophysiology, National Institute of Animal Industry, Tsukuba Norinkenkyudanchi, PO Box 5, Ibaraki 305-0901, Japan. tsysait@nias.affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nemoto
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kasuya
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sakumoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002417:Cattle; D005260:Female; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*