title: Comparison of manual and mechanical cervical esophagogastric anastomosis after esophageal resection for squamous cell carcinoma: a prospective randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The use of a circular stapler in cervical esophagogastric anastomosis remains controversial. This study was to compare the postoperative and long-term results of manual and mechanical techniques for cervical esophagogastric anastomosis after resection for squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective randomized controlled trial was undertaken in 63 patients with curatively resectable squamous cell cancer of the thoracic esophagus between 1996 and 1999. Patients were randomized to receive either a hand-sewn (32 patients) or circular stapled (31 patients) cervical esophagogastric anastomosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean operating time was longer when the hand-sewn method was used (524 vs. 447 min, P < 0.001). Anastomotic leakage was noted in seven patients (22%) in the hand-sewn group and eight patients (26%) in the stapler group (P = NS). Hospital mortality occurred in four patients (13%) of the hand-sewn group and in three patients (10%) of the stapler group (P = NS). After the operation, four patients (14%) in the hand-sewn group and five patients (18%) in the stapler group developed a benign esophageal stricture (P = NS). The mean follow-up time was 24 months, and the rates of freedom from benign stricture and survival were comparable in each group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Performing cervical esophagogastric anastomoses using a circular mechanical stapler had a shorter operating time and a comparable outcome to the hand-sewn method. The circular mechanical stapler could be used as an alternative for cervical esophagogastric anastomosis after resection for esophageal squamous cell cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, No. 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Hsao-Hsun
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Jin-Shing
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Pei-Ming
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jang-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yung-Chie
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology; D004947:Esophagus / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery*; D013528:Surgical Staplers; D013536:Suture Techniques