title: Expression of Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B determined by immunohistochemistry in healthy, inflamed and autoimmune diseased human tissues: a generalized phenomenon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Autoantibodies to the ribonucleoproteins Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B are found in autoimmune diseases such as primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS), systemic lupus erythematousus and rheumatoid arthritis. Increased and aberrant expression of Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B in target organs, which have been reported in the recent literature, might contribute to their antigenicity. However, data on the expression of Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B in other inflammatory conditions are scarce.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using monoclonal antibodies against Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B, we studied the expression of these antigens in paraffin-embedded healthy tissue, aspecific inflamed tissue, the neonatal and adult cardiac conduction systems and labial salivary gland tissues of patients suspected of having pSS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In healthy tissues, the nuclei expressed both Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B. This expression was stronger in inflamed tissues. Nucleoli were negative and cytoplasmic expression was weaker than nuclear expression. No increased or aberrant expression of Ro/SS-A or La/SS-B was observed in either neonatal or adult atrioventricular nodes and bundle branches. More pSS patients showed high La/SS-B immunoreactivity levels in their labial salivary gland ductal cell nuclei than non-Sjögren's syndrome sicca patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ro/SS-A and La/SS-B expression is a generalized cell biological phenomenon and may be upregulated by increased cell activation both in aspecific and autoimmune-mediated inflammation. In pSS the high expression of La/SS-B in labial salivary, gland ductal cell nuclei might contribute to the local immune response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology & Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. j.vanwoerkom@azu.nl
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: van Woerkom
authors.forename: J G N
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Geertzema
authors.forename: P G J
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Nikkels
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Kruize
authors.forename: R J T
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Smeenk
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Vroom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D020733:RNA, Small Cytoplasmic; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000097585:SS-B Antigen; D000099207:SS-A Antigen
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D020733:RNA, Small Cytoplasmic; D012261:Ribonucleoproteins; D000097585:SS-B Antigen; D000099207:SS-A Antigen; C116006:RO60 protein, human