title: Neurons in and near insular cortex are responsive to muscular contraction and have sympathetic and/or cardiac-related discharge.
abstract: Insular cortex (IC) is recognized as a potential site for "central command" of cardiorespiratory responses during exercise. Muscular contraction (MC) decreased the discharge rate of most IC neurons. Activity of most contraction sensitive neurons was either not altered by elevating blood pressure or showed a response converse to that of MC. IC may thus have a role in central command but the area is clearly modulated by MC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
authors.forename: Ronaldo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ichiyama
authors.forename: Tony G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Waldrop
authors.forename: Gary A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001917:Brachial Plexus / Q000502:physiology; D002415:Cats; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005246:Feedback / Q000502:physiology; D006321:Heart / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000502:physiology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D012154:Reticular Formation / Q000502:physiology; D017552:Solitary Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*