title: Moderate exercise improves antibody response to influenza immunization in older adults.
abstract: Influenza vaccine efficacy is reduced among adults over age 65 and a significant number of vaccinated elderly may remain susceptible to influenza virus infection. The effect of moderate exercise training on the immune response to influenza immunization was evaluated in this study. Twenty-seven adults >or=age 64 were assigned to an exercise group (n= 14) or a control group (n = 13). The subjects exercised at 65-75% heart rate reserve (HRR), 25-30 min, 3 days per week, for 10 months. Controls did not change activity. Subjects were immunized with trivalent influenza vaccine before and after the exercise intervention. After the exercise intervention, exercisers exhibited a greater mean fold increase (MFI) in antibody titer to influenza A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1) and A/Panama/2007/99 (H3N2) than controls, and a greater Granzyme B activity to A/Panama/2007/99 than controls. These findings suggest that exercise may enhance the mean fold increase in antibody titer in response to influenza immunization if the influenza antigen was contained in the previous year's vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Human Performance/Immunobiology, Iowa State University, 235 Forker Building, Ames, IA 50011, USA. mkohut@iastate.edu
authors.forename: Marian L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kohut
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Arntson
authors.forename: Wanglok
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Kayla
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rozeboom
authors.forename: Kyoung-Jin
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Joan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Cunnick
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McElhaney
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D053804:Granzymes; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; C509213:GZMB protein, human; D053804:Granzymes; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases