title: [An activating state and active citizen groups in the German health care system].
abstract: This paper discusses the question, to what extent concepts of an enabling state are realised in the German health policy and wether they meet active citizens with corresponding competencies. The analysis is based on a review of the literature referring to the promotion and development of the self-help movement and citizen participation in the German health care system. The results show, that since 1999 the following enabling health policy measures were adopted: the promotion of independent patient advisory services and shared decision-making, the enactment of participation rules in the rehabilitation system and the compulsory subsidy for self-help groups, self-help organisations and clearing houses for self-help. The active engagement of the citizens both as co-producers of health on the individual level and as participants in processes of communication and decision-making on the system level is still restricted to a small part of the population. An enabling health policy and a broad citizen participation are still in the beginning, but they have the potential to strengthen each other and to realise synergetic effects. Even though some corresponding institutions were already established and attitudes of the health care professionals start to alter, the question wether the health policy will change from a welfare producing state to an enabling state cannot be answered completely yet.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Medizinische Soziologie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität, Freiburg i. Br. bernhard.borgetto@medsoz.uni-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Borgetto
mesh_terms: D003256:Community Participation / Q000639:trends*; D005544:Forecasting; D005858:Germany; D006291:Health Policy / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000639:trends*; D012046:Rehabilitation / Q000639:trends*; D012648:Self Care / Q000639:trends*; D012657:Self-Help Groups / Q000639:trends*; D012946:Social Welfare / Q000639:trends