title: Long-term outcome of renal transplant recipients in the United States after coronary revascularization procedures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Retrospective studies in dialysis patients have reported increased survival after coronary artery bypass (CAB) compared with coronary artery stenting and PTCA. The purpose of this study was to compare the long-term outcome of renal transplant recipients after stent, PTCA, or CAB with or without internal mammary grafting (CAB [IMG+] or CAB [IMG-]).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Renal transplant recipients hospitalized from 1995 to 1999 for first coronary revascularization procedure were retrospectively identified from the United States Renal Data System database. Event-free survival for the end points of all-cause death, cardiac death, acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and the combined end point of cardiac death or AMI was estimated by the life-table method. The impact of independent predictors on survival was examined in a comorbidity-adjusted Cox model. In-hospital mortality rate was 2.3% for 909 stent patients, 4.3% for 652 PTCA patients, 9.4% for 288 CAB (IMG-) patients, and 5.0% for 812 CAB (IMG+) patients. Two-year all-cause survival (+/-SE) was: stent, 82.5+/-2.8%; PTCA, 81.6+/-3.1%; CAB (IMG-), 74.4+/-5.4%; and CAB (IMG+), 82.7+/-2.8%. The relative risks of all-cause and cardiac death were not significantly different among revascularization groups. The relative risk of cardiac death or AMI (versus PTCA) was 0.90 (95% CI, 0.69 to 1.17) for stent, 0.80 (95% CI, 0.55 to 1.17) for CAB (IMG-), and 0.57 (95% CI, 0.42 to 0.76) for CAB (IMG+).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal transplant recipients in the United States have comparable long-term survival after percutaneous and surgical coronary revascularization procedures. The most favorable long-term outcome occurs after surgical coronary revascularization.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Special Studies Center, United States Renal Data System, 914 South 8th Street, Suite D-206, Minneapolis, MN 55404, USA. cherzog@usrds.org
authors.forename: Charles A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Herzog
authors.forename: Jennie Z
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Allan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Collins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002423:Cause of Death; D015897:Comorbidity; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000401:mortality; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D015607:Stents / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology