The impact of vitamin and/or mineral supplementation on lipid profiles in type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the present study was to assess the impact of Mg + Zn, Vitamins C + E, and combination of these micronutrients on serum lipid and lipoprotein profiles in type 2 diabetic patients.


METHODS
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial, 69 type 2 diabetic patients were randomly divided into four groups, each group receiving one of the following daily supplement for 3 months; group M: 200 mg Mg and 30 mg Zn (n = 16), group V: 200mg Vitamin C and 150 mg Vitamin E (n = 18), group MV: minerals plus vitamins (n = 17), group P: placebo (n = 18). Fasting blood and urine samples were collected at the beginning and at the end of the trial. Serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) were measured enzymatically. Apolipoproteins (apo) A1 and B were measured by immunoturbidimetric method. Adjustment for differences in baselines covariates and changes in variables during study were performed by analysis of covariance using general linear models.


RESULTS
Results indicate that after 3 months of supplementation mean serum levels of HDL-c and apo A1 increased significantly in the MV group by 24% (50.4 +/-19.3 mg/dl versus 40.6 +/- 10.8 mg/dl) and 8.8% (169.8 +/- 33.8 mg/dl versus 156.1+ /- 23.9 mg/dl), respectively (P < 0.01). There were no significant changes in the levels of these parameters in the other three groups. Serum levels of total cholesterol, LDL-c, triglyceride, and apo B were not altered after supplementation in all four groups.


CONCLUSIONS
It is concluded that since co-supplementation of Mg, Zn, Vitamins C and E significantly increases HDL-c and apo A1, supplementation of these micronutrients could be recommended for the type 2 diabetic patients based on their daily requirements.
Farvid
Maryam Sadat
MS
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. farvid@hotmail.com
Siassi
Fereydoun
F
Jalali
Mahmoud
M
Hosseini
Mostafa
M
Saadat
Navid
N
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D008055:Lipids; D014280:Triglycerides; D014810:Vitamin E; D002784:Cholesterol; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc; D001205:Ascorbic Acid