title: Involvement of clusterin in 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J2-induced vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation.
abstract: To establish an in vitro model of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation, we examined the effect of 15-deoxy-delta12,14-prostaglandin J(2) (15d-PGJ(2)) on the expression of VSMC differentiation markers. After the addition of 15d-PGJ(2) to confluent human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells synchronized in the G(0) phase, cells showed a "hill and valley" appearance and thereafter aggregated and formed macroscopic nodules. Cells forming nodules expressed high levels of SM2, the most specific VSMC differentiation marker, comparable to medial VSMCs in vivo. 15d-PGJ(2) significantly increased the mRNA and protein expression levels of clusterin, a secreted glycoprotein reported to induce nodule formation and differentiation of VSMCs. Moreover, addition of an anti-clusterin antibody completely inhibited the nodule formation induced by 15d-PGJ(2) and induced apoptosis. Our results suggested that clusterin is involved in 15d-PGJ(2)-induced nodule formation and cell differentiation in VSMCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan. ymiwa@clipharm.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miwa
authors.forename: Fumi
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Takahashi-Yanaga
authors.forename: Sachio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaguri
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051152:Clusterin; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000737:chemistry*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: C097240:15-deoxy-delta(12,14)-prostaglandin J2; C495242:CLU protein, human; D051152:Clusterin; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015230:Prostaglandin D2