title: Technical note: A toy as tool: a low-cost image analysis system for the evaluation of tumor size in experimental small animal models.
abstract: Image analysis systems are an essential tool in measurements of size of intraparenchymal tumors or lesions in experimental small animal models. Conventional image analysis systems are relatively expensive. We therefore compared the performance of a professional image analysis system with an inexpensive setup by evaluating tumor size in an orthotopic glioma mouse model. The maximum cross-sectional tumor area of H&E stained brain-slides of two groups of mice (treatment and control group) was measured by two independent investigators using a professional image analysis system (Leica DM IRB microscope) with the Leica Quantimet 500c software, and a low-cost-system (Intel QX3 microscope) with a non-commercial image analysis software. Mean tumor volumes were calculated and the results from each of the image analysis systems, investigators, and treatment effects were compared. The tumor volumes as measured with the low-cost and the professional system differed between -3.7 and +7.5% (P = 0.69-0.99). Measurements made by investigator A and B differed between -7.0 and +3.9% (P = 0.69-0.88). Treatment in all cases significantly reduced the tumor volume between 58.4 and 62.7% (P = 0.0002 or 0.0003), regardless of the investigator or the used image analysis system. We therefore conclude that the QX3 low-cost microscope in combination with a non-commercial image-analysis software represents an inexpensive solution to reliably analyze the size of regions of interest, if they provide a sufficient contrast. However, the low-cost setup due to its low resolution definitely limits a detailed analysis of histologic features.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroradiology, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Luebeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23538 Luebeck, Germany. brockmann@gmx.de
authors.forename: Marc Alexander
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Brockmann
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ulmer
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lamszus
authors.forename: Alf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giese
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Petersen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D010988:Play and Playthings; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity