title: Changes in ion fluxes during phototropic bending of etiolated oat coleoptiles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This work has been conducted to assist theoretical modelling of the different stages of the blue light (BL)-induced phototropic signalling pathway and ion transport activity across plant membranes. Ion fluxes (Ca(2+), H(+), K(+) and Cl(-)) in etiolated oat coleoptiles have been measured continuously before and during unilateral BL exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Changes in ion fluxes at the illuminated (light) and shadowed (dark) sides of etiolated oat coleoptiles (Avena sativa) were studied using a non-invasive ion-selective microelectrode technique (MIFE). The bending response was also measured continuously, and correlations between the changes in various ion fluxes and bending response have been investigated. For each ion the difference (Delta) between the magnitudes of flux at the light and dark sides of the coleoptile was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plants that demonstrated a phototropic bending response also demonstrated Ca(2+) influx into the light side approximately 20 min after the start of BL exposure. This is regarded as part of the perception and transduction stages of the BL-induced signal cascade. The first 10 min of bending were associated with substantial influx of H(+), K(+) and Cl(-) into the light (concave) side of the coleoptiles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that Ca(2+) participates in the signalling stage of the BL-induced phototropism, whereas the phototropic bending response is linked to changes in the transport of H(+), K(+) and Cl(-).
authors.affiliation: School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Tasmania, GPO Box 252-21, Hobart, Tasmania 7001, Australia. obabouri@agric.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Babourina
authors.forename: Leith
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Godfrey
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Voltchanskii
mesh_terms: D018554:Avena / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002713:Chlorine / Q000378:metabolism; D018548:Cotyledon / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003624:Darkness; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D018524:Phototropism; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002713:Chlorine; D006859:Hydrogen; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium