title: Characterization of apatite formed on alkaline-heat-treated Ti.
abstract: Alkaline-heat-treated titanium self-forms an apatite surface layer in vivo. The aim of the present study was to materialistically characterize the surface of alkaline-heat-treated titanium immersed in simulated body fluid (AHS-TI) and to examine the differentiation behavior of osteoblasts on AHS-TI. SEM, thin-film XRD, FTIR, and XPS analyses revealed that AHS-TI contained a 1.0- micro m-thick, low-crystalline, and [002] direction-oriented carbonate apatite surface. Human osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells were cultured on polystyrene, titanium, and AHS-TI, and RT-PCR analyses of osteogenic differentiation-related mRNAs were conducted. On AHS-TI, the expression of bone sialoprotein mRNA was up-regulated as compared with that on polystyrene and titanium (p < 0.05). On AHS-TI, the expression of osteopontin and osteocalcin mRNAs was up-regulated as compared with that on polystyrene (p<0.05). The results indicate that the apatite was bone-like and accelerated the osteogenic differentiation of SaOS-2, suggesting that alkaline-heat treatment might facilitate better integration of titanium implants with bone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Iwate Medical University School of Dentistry, Morioka, Iwate, Japan. nchosa@iwate-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chosa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taira
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Araki
mesh_terms: D000468:Alkalies / Q000737:chemistry; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003461:Crystallography; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000502:physiology; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis; D053495:Osteopontin; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D001031:Apatites; D003764:Dental Materials; C546871:IBSP protein, human; D058574:Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein; D011137:Polystyrenes; C506895:SPP1 protein, human; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; C030782:carboapatite; D014025:Titanium