title: Breast and colorectal cancer risk communication approaches with low-income African-American and Hispanic women: implications for healthcare providers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Information on breast and colorectal cancer risk factors is widely available to women and the physicians who provide their healthcare; however, many women are unable to identify the major risk factors, continue to misperceive their personal risk of developing these cancers, and do not engage in routine early detection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative methods were used to investigate breast and colorectal cancer risk knowledge, perceptions, behaviors, and risk communication formats with low-income African-American and Hispanic study participants in Harlem, NY, aged 40-60 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Focus group results indicated strong participant interest in strategies necessary to understand and reduce the risk of developing breast and colorectal cancers. Preferred risk communication tools presented information about family history and personal risk in graphic and quantitative formats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Healthcare professionals who serve low-income African-American and Hispanic female populations should deliver information to them about the personal risk of developing targeted cancers and ways to reduce this risk in formats that are meaningful and effectively address the special needs of these populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology & Preventive Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 660 W. Redwood St., Howard Hall 102E, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. rroyak@som.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Royak-Schaler
authors.forename: Deborah E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Blocker
authors.forename: Ann Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Yali
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bynoe
authors.forename: Katherine Josa
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Briant
authors.forename: Shannon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003142:Communication; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors