title: BCL-6 mutations in pulmonary lymphoproliferative disorders: demonstration of an aberrant immunological reaction in HIV-related lymphoid interstitial pneumonia.
abstract: We used a PCR and sequence procedure to analyze the Ig V(H) gene and the mutations in the 5' regulatory regions of BCL-6 genes in pulmonary lymphoproliferative disorders (mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma, HIV-related, EBV-related, and virus-negative lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP)). Eight of 20 (40%) pulmonary MALT lymphoma and 10 of 20 LIP (5 of 5 (100%) HIV-related, 2 of 5 (40%) EBV-related, and 3 of 10 (30%) virus-negative LIP) cases showed BCL-6 gene mutations. Intraclonal heterogeneity of the BCL-6 mutations was observed only in pulmonary MALT lymphoma cases whose Ig V(H) genes also showed intraclonal heterogeneity. Ongoing BCL-6 mutations might reflect re-entry into a germinal center pathway to further mutations. BCL-6 mutations in pulmonary MALT lymphoma and HIV-negative LIP showed some features (high transition to transversion ratio, standard polarity, and RGYW/WRCY bias) of Ig V(H) gene hypermutation, leading to the view that pulmonary MALT lymphomas and HIV-negative LIP are under the influence of germinal center hypermutation mechanisms. Because BCL-6 mutations in HIV-related LIP cases did not demonstrate features of Ig V(H) gene hypermutation, immunological reactions in HIV-related LIP are the result of a process different from that found in HIV-negative pulmonary lymphoproliferative disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respirology (B2), Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. kurosu@faculty.chiba-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Katsushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurosu
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Weiden
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takiguchi
authors.forename: William N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Rom
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yumoto
authors.forename: Jagirdar
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jaishree
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kasahara
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tatsumi
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mikata
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuriyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region / Q000235:genetics; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007135:Immunoglobulin Variable Region; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051560:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-6; D014157:Transcription Factors