title: Childlessness and psychological well-being in Chinese older adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Childless older adults will increase rapidly in the coming future due to delayed marriage, infertility, and high divorce rate. We examined whether childlessness is significantly related to loneliness and depression and whether the effect of childlessness persisted even when other factors including gender, marital status, age, education, self-rated health status and financial strain were controlled for.
  
  
  METHODS
  This article analyzes cross-sectional data collected from a representative community sample of 2003 Chinese elderly people aged 60 or above in Hong Kong. Respondents were interviewed in face-to-face format and data including socio-demographic variables, health indicators, loneliness and depression were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Logistic regression analyses revealed that childlessness was significantly related to loneliness and depression even after marital status, gender, age, education, self-reported health status, and financial strain were controlled for.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impact of childlessness on psychological well-being among elderly Chinese is more robust than that found in older Americans. Moreover, consistent with the findings of previous studies, we found that the effect of childlessness on psychological well-being has to be investigated in the context of marital status. Therefore, aged care service practitioners must take this risk factor into consideration in their preventive intervention and treatment for psychological well-being.
authors.affiliation: Sau Po Centre on Aging, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China. klchou@hku.hk
authors.forename: Kee-Lee
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008132:Loneliness; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D043762:Reproductive Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors