title: Tracheostomy in surgical practice: experience in a Nigerian tertiary hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tracheostomy continues to be a standard surgical procedure for airway management.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to evaluate the indications, and complications associated with the utilization of open surgical tracheostomy in our center.
  
  
  METHODS
  It is a retrospective study of all patients that had open surgical tracheostomy at the Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital, Ile-Ife. Nigeria during a 15-year period between January 1986 and December 2000.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of the forty-four patients that had open surgical tracheostomy in the operating theatre within the study period were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 12 females and 32 males. The mean age was 33.6 +/- 24.8 years. The indications for tracheostomy were trauma (n =15), infections (n = 13), laryngeal (benign and malignant) tumors (n = 9), other head and neck malignancies (n = 4), neurological cases with respiratory failure (n = 2), and tracheomalacia (n = 1). All the tracheostomies were performed as an emergency as all the patients presented in respiratory obstruction. Transverse incision was employed in n = 35 cases, while the longitudinal incision was employed in n = 3 and the type of incision was not specified in the remaining six cases. Laryngeal stenosis was found in 6.9% of cases and the mortality was 25%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Upper airway obstruction was the major indication for tracheostomy in our center; and the high mortality may be due to the primary medical problems rather than the complications of tracheostomy alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife. yamusa@oauife.edu.ng
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Amusa
authors.forename: V O
authors.initials: VO
authors.lastname: Akinpelu
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Fadiora
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Agbakwuru
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006764:Hospitals, Community; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D013503:Surgery Department, Hospital / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014139:Tracheostomy / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*