title: Reconstruction of mastoid cortex defect using bone morphogenetic protein: an experimental study in the guinea pig.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this experimental study was to examine whether recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) could induce new bone formation in a small hole drilled through the temporal bone near the external auditory canal wall in guinea pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 4-mm diameter hole was made in the center of the temporal bone and a piece of collagen sheet infiltrated with rhBMP-2 was placed in the hole. New bone formation was confirmed by means of X-ray examination and the bone mineral density was quantified using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry 1, 2 and 4 weeks after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bone mineral density in the rhBMP-2-treated group was significantly increased compared to the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that rhBMP-2 induces remarkable new bone formation in the temporal bone and will be useful in clinical ear surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ehime University School of Medicine, Onsen-gun, Ehime, Japan. sugimoto@m.ehime-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hakuba
authors.forename: Kiyofumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gyo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D008416:Mastoid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D023421:Models, Animal; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014433:Tympanoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2