title: Distribution patterns of MCA-coated granules aerially applied to corn fields of Southern Hungary between 2000 and 2002.
abstract: Field studies in corn (Zea mays L.) were conducted to evaluate distribution patterns of 4-methoxy-cinnamaldehyde (MCA) coated corn grits after aerial application with a Dromader fixed wing aircraft. The kairomone mimic MCA is synthetically available and a quite specific and efficient adult attractant for the invasive alien maize pest western corn rootworm (WCR) Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte. Orientation disruptive properties of MCA for WCR when applied at unphysiologically high concentrations are currently under investigation. For successful implementation of the MCA disruption technique, the distribution patterns of MCA coated corn granules ('grits') in the field are important. Grits are degrained corn cobs, shredded to different sizes, coated with MCA and used as a carrier material to disseminate MCA vapors into corn fields. Granules of 10-12 mesh size were aerially applied eight times at rates ranging from 12.4 to 25.0 kg/ha. The goal is to evaluate distribution patterns of corn grits treated with MCA in three fields located at Csanadpalota, Kardoskút and Mezöhegyes in Southern Hungary between 2000 and 2002. Increasing rates reflect our attempts in finding and optimising the most even distribution of granules in the field. Field experiments were evaluated by collecting grits in 30-cm plastic saucers and by counting grits accumulated on corn plant parts. Variation in grit number per unit area and frequency of corn granule number per plant showed some transient technical application problems. Analysis of grits collected in the saucers revealed some statistical difference between the different application dates as well as differences in rates applied. Altogether grits in saucers were more evenly distributed in comparison to the grits collected on plant parts. As the corn plants age, their leaves and whorls present a smaller and smaller surface area where granules can accumulate. Altogether, however, grit distribution patterns indicate that aerial application is a viable tool for disseminating MCA in corn fields.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Phytopathology and Applied Zoology, Biological and Biotechnical Plant Protection Heinrich-Buff-Ring 26-32, 35392 Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wennemann
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Hummel
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000401:Aircraft; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001517:Coleoptera / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006814:Hungary; D007306:Insecticides; D010571:Pest Control / Q000379:methods; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000469:parasitology; D003313:Zea mays / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: C488838:4-methoxycinnamaldehyde; D007306:Insecticides; D000171:Acrolein