title: Gut-homing (alpha(4)beta(7)(+)) Th1 memory responses after inactivated poliovirus immunization in poliovirus orally pre-immunized donors.
abstract: Mucosal infections are prevented by a specialized local immune system. Immune cells of this compartment can also be found in the blood and are characterized by the expression of mucosa-specific homing molecules. Here, the cellular immune responses after inactivated poliovirus immunization (IPV) in poliovirus orally pre-immunized donors were investigated. Subcutaneous IPV induced a transient increase in the proliferative response against poliovirus antigen and in the number of poliovirus-specific CD4(+) T cells in the blood of the vaccinees. These cells were characterized to be of the effector memory type (CD45RA(-)/CD45RO(+)/CCR7(-)/CD27(+)) and expressed the homing molecule alpha(4)beta(7), indicating their origin from the gut. Together these data show the recurrence of gut-derived poliovirus-specific cells upon IPV and evaluate the whole-blood assay as a powerful tool for monitoring the success of a vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Virology, Building 47, University of the Saarland, Kirrberger Strasse, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krieg
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Virology, Building 47, University of the Saarland, Kirrberger Strasse, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Department of Virology, Building 47, University of the Saarland, Kirrberger Strasse, 66421 Homburg/Saar, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meyerhans
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D016023:Integrins / Q000032:analysis*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008875:Middle Aged; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000276:immunology; D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology*; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000276:immunology*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7 / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016023:Integrins; D011054:Poliovirus Vaccine, Inactivated; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; D018127:Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor Superfamily, Member 7; C071777:integrin alpha4beta7