title: Practicing surgeons lead in quality care, safety, and cost control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the experiences of 66 surgical specialists from 15 different hospitals who performed 43 CPT-based procedures more than 16,000 times.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Surgeons are under increasing pressure to demonstrate patient safety data as quantitated by objective and subjective outcomes that meet or exceed the standards of benchmark institutions or databases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 66 surgical specialists on 43 CPT-based procedures were accessioned over a 4-year period. The hospitals vary from a small 30-bed hospital to large teaching hospitals. All reported deaths and complications were verified from hospital and office records and compared with benchmarks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over a 4-year inclusive period (1999-2002), 16,028 elective operations were accessioned. There was a total 1.4% complication rate and 0.05% death rate. A system has been developed for tracking outcomes. A wide range of improvements have been identified. These include the following: 1) improved classification of indications for systemic prophylactic antibiotic use and reduction in the variety of drugs used, 2) shortened length of stay for standard procedures in different surgical specialties, 3) adherence to strict indicators for selected operative procedures, 4) less use of costly diagnostic procedures, 5) decreased use of expensive home health services, 6) decreased use of very expensive drugs, 7) identification of the unnecessary expense of disposable laparoscopic devices, 8) development of a method to compare a one-surgeon hospital with his peers, and 9) development of unique protocols for interaction of anesthesia and surgery. The system also provides a very good basis for confirmation of patient safety and improvement therein.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Since 1998, Quality Surgical Solutions, PLLC, has developed simple physician-authored protocols for delivering high-quality and cost-effective surgery that measure up to benchmark institutions. We have discovered wide areas for improvements in surgery by adherence to simple protocols, minimizing death and complications and clarifying cost issues.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Louisville School of Medicine; and Quality Surgical Solutions, PLLC, Louisville, KY, USA.
authors.forename: Eugene H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Shively
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Heine
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Schell
authors.forename: J Neal
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Sharpe
authors.forename: R Neal
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Garrison
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Vallance
authors.forename: Kenneth J S
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: DeSimone
authors.forename: Hiram C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Polk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019985:Benchmarking; D002983:Clinical Competence; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D003363:Cost Control; D039702:Current Procedural Terminology; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008484:Medicaid / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards; D008485:Medical Audit; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D006278:Medicare / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D017751:Safety Management; D013043:Specialties, Surgical / Q000592:standards*; D013503:Surgery Department, Hospital / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics / Q000401:mortality / Q000592:standards*; D014481:United States