title: Reversal of acquired cisplatin resistance by modulation of metallothionein in transplanted murine tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The platinum-based chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin is involved in a broad spectrum of activities against human systemic malignancies. However, acquired resistance to cisplatin reduces its clinical efficacy. Elucidation of the molecular basis of cisplatin resistance is required to improve the effectiveness of cisplatin. In the present study, the mechanism of acquired resistance to cisplatin was studied in C3H mice inoculated with MBT-2 murine bladder tumor cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  C3H mice were subcutaneously inoculated with 1.0 x 10(6) MBT-2 cells/mouse on day 0. The mice were given intraperitoneal injections of 10 micro mol/kg cisplatin and subcutaneous injections of 1000 micro mol/kg propargylglycine, an inhibitor of gamma-cystathionase, once a day for 10 consecutive days from day 11 to day 20.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The metallothionein content of the tumors was increased to twice the control level by repeated administration of cisplatin. Co-administration of propargylglycine reduced metallothionein induction in the tumors and markedly enhanced the antitumor activity of cisplatin. In contrast, the glutathione content in the tumors did not change from the control level after cisplatin administration. The platinum accumulation in tumors treated with cisplatin alone was 1.7-fold greater than when propargylglycine was administered concomitantly. The platinum concentrations changed in accordance with the metallothionein contents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations suggest that metallothionein, but not glutathione or reduced platinum accumulation, might play a role in the acquired resistance to cisplatin of C3H mice inoculated with MBT-2. Moreover, reversal of this resistance might be possible by biochemical modulation of metallothionein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Asahikawa Medical College, Asahikawa, Japan. ysaga@asahikawa-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saga
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Sunao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yachiku
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tokumitsu
mesh_terms: D000480:Alkynes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003542:Cystathionine gamma-Lyase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000480:Alkynes; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C009055:propargylglycine; D008668:Metallothionein; D003542:Cystathionine gamma-Lyase; D005978:Glutathione; D002945:Cisplatin; D005998:Glycine