title: Identification of metabolites in urine and feces from rats dosed with the heterocyclic amine, 2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (MeA alpha C).
abstract: 2-Amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido[2,3-b]indole (MeA alpha C) is a proximate mutagenic and carcinogenic heterocyclic amine formed during ordinary cooking. In model systems, MeA alpha C can be formed by pyrolyses of either tryptophan or proteins of animal or vegetable origin. In the present study, the in vivo metabolism of MeA alpha C in rats was investigated. Rats were dosed with tritium-labeled MeA alpha C, and urine and feces were collected over 3 days. The metabolites of MeA alpha C were identified by high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and quantified by liquid scintillation counting. Conjugated metabolites were characterized by enzymatic hydrolyzes with beta-glucuronidase or arylsulfatase. The data showed that the metabolic pattern of MeA alpha C was similar in all rats. About 65% of the dose was excreted in urine and feces, and the major amount of MeA alpha C-metabolites was excreted during the first 24 h. Thirty-four percent of the dose was found in the rat urine samples collected to 24 h. In addition to unmetabolized MeA alpha C and two phase I metabolites, 6-OH-MeA alpha C and 7-OH-MeA alpha C, the following conjugated metabolites were identified: MeA alpha C-N(2)-glucuronide, A alpha C-3-CH(2)O-glucuronide, 3-carboxy-A alpha C and 3-carboxy-A alpha C-glucuronide, and sulfate and glucuronide conjugates of 6-OH-MeA alpha C and 7-OH-MeA alpha C. Also, a large amount of a rather unstable compound proposed to be of MeA alpha C-N1-glucuronide was found. About 21% of the dose was excreted in feces during the first 24 h, and MeA alpha C and 7-OH-MeA alpha C were the only compounds identified in feces. Any activated metabolites of MeA alpha C were not detected in rat urine or feces.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Danish Veterinary and Food Administration, Mørkhøj Bygade 19, DK 2860 Soborg, Denmark. hf@fdir.dk
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Frederiksen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Frandsen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002243:Carbolines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000652:urine; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014316:Tritium
chemical_list: D002243:Carbolines; D014316:Tritium; C017821:2-amino-3-methyl-9H-pyrido(2,3-b)indole