title: Targeted delivery of adenoviral vectors by cytotoxic T cells.
abstract: Effective targeting of vectors to tumor cells that have metastasized to multiple different tissue sites remains a major challenge for gene therapy. Tumor-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) have been shown in animal models and in humans to be able to cross tissue barriers and traffic to tumor cells. However, their capacity to eliminate malignancy has been limited by tumor immune evasion strategies. We now use a model of Epstein-Barr virus-mediated malignancy to show that human CTLs themselves may be modified to release therapeutic vectors following engagement of their antigen-specific receptors and that these vectors will effectively transduce and destroy tumor targets. We generated EBV-specific CTLs that were transgenic for the adenoviral E1 gene under the control of the cell activation-dependent CD40 ligand (CD40L) promoter. Following transduction with E1-deficient adenoviral vectors, these CTLs produced infectious virus when exposed to HLA-matched EBV-expressing targets, but not on exposure to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-mismatched or otherwise irrelevant cells. This approach provides a means of delivering oncolytic/therapeutic vectors not only to locally accessible macroscopic tumors as is presently the case, but also to disseminated metastatic disease, while avoiding the risks associated with systemic administration of large doses of adenoviral vectors.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cell and Gene Therapy, 6621 Fannin St, MC3-3320, Houston, TX 77030, USA. pyotnda@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yotnda
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Savoldo
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Charlet-Berguerand
authors.forename: Cliona
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brenner
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D015870:Gene Expression; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D013997:Time Factors; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins