title: A rapid and efficient method to express target genes in mammalian cells by baculovirus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the modification of baculovirus vector and the feasibility of delivering exogenous genes into mammalian cells with the culture supernatant of Spodoptera frugiperta (Sf9) cells infected by recombinant baculoviruses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two recombinant baculoviruses (BacV-CMV-EGFPA, BacV-CMV-EGFPB) containing CMV-EGFP expression cassette were constructed. HepG2 cells were directly incubated with the culture supernatant of Sf9 cells infected by recombinant baculoviruses, and reporter gene transfer and expression efficiencies were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The optimal transduction conditions were investigated by FCM assay in HepG2 cells. Gene-transfer and expression efficiencies in HepG2 or CV1 cells by baculovirus vectors were compared with lipofectAMINE, recombinant retrovirus and vaccinia virus expression systems. Twenty different mammalian cell lines were used to investigate the feasibility of delivering exogenous genes into different mammalian cells with the culture supernatant of infected Sf9 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CMV promoter could directly express reporter genes in Sf9 cells with a relatively low efficiency. Target cells incubated with the 1:1 diluted culture supernatant (moi=50) for 12 h at 37 degrees C could achieve the highest transduction and expression efficiencies with least impairment to cell viability. Under similar conditions the baculovirus vector could achieve the highest gene-transfer and expression efficiency than lipofectAMINE, recombinant retrovirus and vaccinia virus expression systems. Most mammalian cell lines could be transduced with recombinant baculovirus. In primate adherent culture cells the recombinant baculovirus could arrive the highest infection and expression efficiencies, but it was not very satisfactory in the cell lines from mice and suspended culture cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mammalian cells incubated with the culture supernatant of infected Sf9 cells could serve as a very convenient way for rapid and efficient expression of foreign genes in mammalian cells, but it might be more suitable for primate adherent culture cells.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cell Biology and Tumor Cell Engineering of Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, Fujian Province, China.
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Chen-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ying-Bin
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ning-Shao
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Xia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016367:Baculoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D016466:CHO Cells; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; D006224:Cricetinae; D015870:Gene Expression; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008322:Mammals; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018411:Spodoptera
chemical_list: D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins