title: Gender as a risk factor for both antibiotic resistance and infection with pediatric serogroups/serotypes, in HIV-infected and -uninfected adults with pneumococcal bacteremia.
abstract: Among 1022 adults with either pneumococcal bacteremia or meningitis, 85.5% of women and 74.7% of men were infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A multivariable regression analysis found more pediatric serogroups/serotypes (odds ratio [OR], 1.59 [95% confidence interval [CI], 1.18-2.15]) and more penicillin-nonsusceptible strains (OR, 1.65 [95% CI, 1.06-2.59]) in women than in men; it was also found that bacteremic women were more likely to be infected with HIV (OR, 1.85 [95% CI, 1.26-2.71]) and to be younger (OR, 1.72 [95% CI, 1.25-2.36]) than were men. Thus, conjugate pneumococcal vaccination of children may reduce, in particular, both antibiotic resistance and the burden of conjugate vaccine serotype pneumococcal disease in young, HIV-infected women.
authors.affiliation: Department of International Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
authors.forename: Kimberly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Buie
authors.forename: Keith P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Klugman
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: von Gottberg
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Perovic
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karstaedt
authors.forename: Heather H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Crewe-Brown
authors.forename: Shabir A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Madhi
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects