title: The effect of ethylene exposure on ethylene oxide in blood and on hepatic cytochrome p450 in Fischer rats.
abstract: Ethylene (74-85-1) is an important petrochemical and is produced endogenously. It is metabolized to ethylene oxide (EO) by cytochrome P450. We studied the inhibition of cytochrome P450 activity during exposure to ethylene, and verified that this inhibition was reflected in the concentration of EO in the blood. Male F344 rats were exposed to 1000, 600, and 300 ppm ethylene by nose-only inhalation for up to 6 h. Blood samples were obtained during exposure. On exposure to 600 ppm ethylene, blood EO concentration increased during the first hour of exposure and then decreased to approximately half of the peak blood concentration. A less pronounced decrease was observed at 300 ppm, and at 1000 ppm little change was observed between 10 min and 6 h of exposure. For the analysis of cytochrome P450 and isozyme-specific substrate activities, groups of four male F344 rats were removed for the collection of liver at various times after exposure to 300, 600, or 1000 ppm ethylene. At all concentrations, liver microsomal cytochrome P450 decreased during exposure. Of the various monooxygenase activities measured, 4-nitrophenol hydroxylase was the one most consistently altered, with maximal inhibition (approximately 50%) at 2 h of exposure to 1000 ppm ethylene, 4 h at 600 ppm, and 6 h at 300 ppm. Activity recovered to control levels by 6 h after exposure. Cytochrome P450 2E1 appears to be the major isoform of cytochrome P450 inhibited by exposure to ethylene, and this may explain in part the observed alteration in EO blood kinetics.
authors.affiliation: CIIT Centers for Health Research, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA. fennell@rti.org
authors.forename: Timothy R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Fennell
authors.forename: Rodney W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Parkinson
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: R Arden
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1 / Q000378:metabolism; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005027:Ethylene Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D005030:Ethylenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology*; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005030:Ethylenes; D011506:Proteins; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C036216:ethylene; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D013250:Steroid Hydroxylases; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C456179:Cyp2a1 protein, rat; D019362:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2B1; D000072467:Cytochrome P450 Family 2; D005027:Ethylene Oxide