title: Increased prevalence of and gene transcription by Chlamydia pneumoniae in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Microbial agents may play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). C. pneumoniae has been recently associated with MS; however, study results are at variance. We tested the hypothesis that Chlamydia pneumoniae-specific DNA and RNA are more often detected in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with multiple sclerosis than patients with other neurological diseases (OND). We investigated CSF samples from 84 patients with definite MS and 89 OND patients (n = 62 with normal CSF; n = 27 with pathological CSF) using a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect ompA gene sequences of C. pneumoniae. In subjects with positive PCR, we probed for chlamydial heat shock protein 60-mRNA and 16S-rRNA by reverse transcriptase (rt)-PCR. C. pneumoniae-specific DNA was more often detected in MS patients (50 %) than in all OND patients combined (28.1%, p = 0.003) and in OND patients with normal CSF (24.2%, p = 0.003) but not than in OND patients with pathological CSF (37%, p = 0.24). In relapsing-remitting MS (n = 55), the prevalence of C. pneumoniae DNA was higher (66.7 %) than in both OND subgroups (p <or= 0.05). In MS patients (n = 20), chlamydial heat shock protein 60-mRNA (75%) and 16S-rRNA (70%) were more often detected than in OND patients (n = 16; 18.8%; p < 0.005). Although more often detected in remitting-relapsing MS, C. pneumoniae DNA in CSF is not specific for MS owing to its high prevalence in OND controls. However, the higher rate of gene transcription suggests a more active metabolism of C. pneumoniae in MS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dong-Si
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buhmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bendl
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schnitzler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grond-Ginsbach
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Grau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015152:Blotting, Northern / Q000379:methods; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D005260:Female; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D015995:Prevalence; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C078167:OMPA outer membrane proteins