title: Resistance of spheroplasts and whole cells of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to bactericidal activity of various biocides: evidence of the membrane implication.
abstract: To emphasise the role of outer and inner membranes in the resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to bactericidal activity of various disinfectants, spheroplasts and whole cells were compared. Spheroplasts are more sensitive than whole cells to quaternary ammonium compounds such as didecyl dimethyl ammonium bromide (DDAB) and C16-benzalkonium chloride. The outer membrane acts as a barrier to prevent these disinfectants from entering the cell. It seems to have no influence on activities of smaller molecules such as C12, C14-benzalkonium chlorides and sodium dichloroisocyanurate. For tri-sodium phosphate, the presence of outer membrane emphasized the action of the molecule. Moreover, resistance of DDAB-adapted spheroplasts to bactericidal activity of DDAB is higher than the resistance of non-adapted spheroplasts. This suggests that the inner membrane could also play a role in resistance to DDAB.
authors.affiliation: Département de Microbiologie Industrielle, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Industries Agricoles et alimentaires, 1, Avenue des Olympiades, 91744 Massy, France.
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guérin-Méchin
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Leveau
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dubois-Brissonnet
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001433:Bacteriolysis; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D010710:Phosphates / Q000494:pharmacology; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D013104:Spheroplasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D014227:Triazines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D001548:Benzalkonium Compounds; D004202:Disinfectants; D010710:Phosphates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D014227:Triazines; C011765:troclosene; D002710:Chlorhexidine; C018279:sodium phosphate; C027118:didecyldimethylammonium