title: Increased breath markers of oxidative stress in normal pregnancy and in preeclampsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the intensity of oxidative stress in normal pregnancy, preeclampsia, and nonpregnant women using a breath test.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied primiparous women in third trimester pregnancy (38 uncomplicated, 26 with preeclampsia) and 60 nonpregnant control subjects. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in alveolar breath were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy to construct the breath methylated alkane contour (BMAC), a 3-dimensional display of abundance of C4-C20 alkanes and monomethylated alkanes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean volume under curve (VUC) of the BMAC was significantly higher in preeclampsia patients than in normal pregnant women (P < .003) and nonpregnant control subjects (P < .005). A predictive model employing 5 VOCs distinguished preeclampsia from uncomplicated pregnancy (sensitivity = 92.3%, specificity = 89.7%; cross-validated sensitivity = 88.5%, specificity = 79.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A breath test significantly demonstrated greater oxidative stress in women with preeclampsia than in uncomplicated pregnancy and nonpregnant control subjects. The breath test accurately identified women with established preeclampsia, but further studies are required to determine if this test can predict the onset of disease.
authors.affiliation: Menssana Research, Inc, Fort Lee, New Jersey 07024, USA.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abouzeid
authors.forename: Renee N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Cataneo
authors.forename: Joel
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Greenberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000473:Alkanes / Q000032:analysis*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008423:Maternal Age; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D011336:Probability; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; D015415:Biomarkers