title: Immunocytes modulate ganglionic nitric oxide release which later affects their activity level.
abstract: Pedal ganglia excised and maintained in culture for up to 2 h, release NO at low levels. The range can vary between 0 to 1.1 nM. Non-stimulated immunocytes do not significantly stimulate ganglionic NO release when incubated with pedal ganglia. However, ganglia exposed to immunocytes that had been previously activated by a 30 min incubation with interleukin 1 beta, release NO significantly above basal levels. In these experiments, 91 +/- 2.5% of the non-stimulated immunocytes exhibited form factors in the 0.72 to 0.89 range (sampled prior to ganglionic addition), whereas 62 +/- 10.3% of the interleukin 1 beta stimulated immunocytes had form factors in the 0.39 to 0.49 range, demonstrating activation. Addition of the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, L-NAME (10(-4) M), inhibited basal ganglionic NO release as well as that initiated by exposing the ganglia to activated immunocytes. Interestingly, non activated immunocytes, following ganglionic exposure, exhibited activity levels in the 13% range, representing a non significant increase. Cells exposed to interleukin 1 beta had a 65% activity level at the beginning of the experiment, followed by a drop of activity to 19 +/- 3.2% after ganglionic exposure. Repeating this last observation in the presence of L-NAME (10(-4) M), brought the activity level of the immunocytes back to the pre-ganglionic exposure level of activity, demonstrating that ganglionic NO was involved in down regulating immunocyte activity.
authors.affiliation: Neuroscience Research Institute, State University of New York College at Old Westbury, Old Westbury, NY 11568-0210, USA. gstefano@sunynri.org
authors.forename: George B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Stefano
authors.forename: Kirk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mantione
authors.forename: Dolisha
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Casares
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cadet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D025461:Feedback, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000502:physiology; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D015213:Neuroimmunomodulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester