title: [The effect of glutamate and aspartate on myocardial protection at cardiopulmonary bypass].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether glutamat and aspartat enriched cold crystalloid cardioplegia which was given in antegrade way has any effect on the myocardial protection during cardiopulmonary bypass.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four patients who were electively undergone open heart surgery at Osmangazi University Faculty of Medicine, thoracic and cardiovascular surgery department, between March 2001 and May 2001 were included in this study. The patients were divided in two groups, each consisting of 17 patients. In group 1 coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) was performed in 11 patients, mitral valve replacement (MVR) in 3 patients, aortic valve replacement (AVR) in 1 patient and AVR and MVR in 2 patients. While in group 2 CABG was performed in 13 patients and MVR was done in 4 patients. Group 1 patients received antegrade glutamat and aspartat (15 mmol/L) enriched cold crystalloid cardioplegia and group 2 patients were given cold crystalloid cardioplegia by antegrade route. Age, gender, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, preoperative myocardial infarction, smoking, ejection fraction, aortic cross-clamp time, need to defibrillation, inotropic support, and intraaortic balloon pump were recorded. The levels of cardiac troponin I (cTI) and creatine kinase myocardial band fraction (CK-MB) were measured in arterial blood samples at five different times. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t-test and Chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in cTI and CK-MB values in blood samples taken at 5 different times pre and postoperatively between group 1 and group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is concluded that glutamat and aspartat enriched cold crystalloid cardioplegia does not have any effect on myocardial protection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Medical Faculty, Pamukkale University, Denizli. vefaozcan@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Vefa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ozcan
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Beşoğul
authors.forename: Bülent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tünerir
authors.forename: Sadettin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dernek
authors.forename: Tuncay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erden
authors.forename: Coşkun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Orçun
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.forename: Tuğrul
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kural
mesh_terms: D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D005260:Female; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006324:Heart Arrest, Induced / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014336:Troponin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D007527:Isoenzymes; D014336:Troponin; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form