Caffeinol confers cortical but not subcortical neuroprotection after transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats.
The combination of low-dose ethanol and caffeine (caffeinol) protects cortical areas of the brain from damage produced by distal focal ischemia in rats. There are no data, however, as to whether caffeinol influences injury in subcortical brain regions. Rats were anesthetized with halothane and subjected to 2 h of MCAo by poly-l-lysine-coated intraluminal suture. Caffeinol [a combination of ethanol, 0.33 g/kg, and caffeine, 10 mg/kg (n=5)] or vehicle (0.9% NaCl; n=7) was administered by i.v. infusion over a 2.5-h period beginning 15 min after reperfusion. Neurological status was evaluated daily, and histopathology was quantified at 3 days. Caffeinol therapy significantly improved the neurological score, reduced the total infarct volume (by 52%) and cortical infarct areas at multiple coronal levels, but subcortical infarction and brain swelling were not affected.
Belayev
Ludmila
L
Department of Neurology (D4-5), Cerebral Vascular Disease Research Center, University of Miami School of Medicine, P.O. Box 016960, Miami, FL 33101, USA. lbelayev@stroke.med.miami.edu
Khoutorova
Larissa
L
Zhang
Yongbo
Y
Belayev
Andrey
A
Zhao
Weizhao
W
Busto
Raul
R
Ginsberg
Myron D
MD
D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D002110:Caffeine; D000431:Ethanol