title: [Combination of screening tests for fetal abnormalities in the first and second pregnancy trimesters].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Screening for fetal abnormalities in the second trimester of pregnancy, based on the concentrations of various markers in serum and maternal age, has become widely used in the past decade. In the first trimester fetal malformations are associated with high values for fetal NT.
  
  
  METHODS
  We propose a new screening method in which measurements obtained during both trimesters are integrated to provide a single estimate of a woman's risk of having a pregnancy affected by genetic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study groups comprised 775 pregnant women where examinations were done between 11th-14th and 15th-19th pregnancy weeks. Nuchal translucency thickness was measured by ultrasound examination in both trimesters of pregnancy. AFP, -HCG and oestriol were measured by ELISA assays. Derived risks were then calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight fetal aneuploidies were diagnosed. When we used a risk of 1:250 as the cutoff to define a positive result on the integrated test, the rate of detection of fetal abnormalities was 100%, with a false positive rate of 0.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Integrated test, which is a combination of the ultrasound examination and the triple test allows to achieve high sensitivity and the decrease in the percentage of false positive results, which leads to the reduction in the number of amniocentesis to be performed.
authors.affiliation: Instytut Ginekologii i Połoznictwa Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Łodzi.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sieroszewski
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suzin
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baś-Budecka
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004964:Estriol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D009333:Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D018566:Pregnancy, High-Risk; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D004964:Estriol