title: Novel interleukin 1beta polymorphism increased the risk of gastric cancer in a Korean population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphisms in the gene for interleukin 1beta (IL-1B) have been found to increase the risks of gastric cancer and its precursors in response to Helicobacter pylori infection in white populations. however, there has been no independent confirmation of the role of IL-1B markers in gastric cancer patients from Asian populations. Moreover, there have been conflicting data regarding the effect of IL-1B-511/-31 on the risk of gastric cancer or its precursors in Asian populations. Therefore, we assessed an additional polymorphism in the promoter region of IL-1B at position-1473 with the IL-1B-511/-31 polymorphisms in a Korean population.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a case-control study, including 331 gastric cancer cases and 433 controls, we assessed the association between the three polymorphisms and the risk of gastric cancer. All genotyping was performed in duplicate. To assess the DNA-binding activity of IL-1B-1473 in vitro, we performed an electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  When cases were divided according to the histologic type of the tumor, a significant difference in genotype frequencies for IL-1B-1473 was observed only between intestinal-type cases and controls (odds ratio [OR], 1.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.0-3.5 and OR 2.1 and 95% CI, 1.1-4.2 in the CG and GG genotypes, respectively). In the cases, there was a deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the IL-1B-511/-31 loci confined to the intestinal type, due to the excess of heterozygotes. The IL-1B-1473G allele showed decreased binding to nuclear extract, indicating a wearker promoter activity on EMSA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We identified a novel single-nucleotide polymorphism, 1473C-->G, in the IL-1B promoter that was significantly associated with gastric cancer among Koreans. Our results also suggest that the association between IL-1B polymorphism and an increased risk of gastric cancer may depend on the histologic type of gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pathology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-Dong, Kangnam-Ku, Seoul 135-710, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang-Seok
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ki
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwang-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: Jong-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Won Ki
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jong Chul
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Sang Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Tae Sung
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Sohn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D007723:Korea; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1