Gene expression of transcription factors in the rat brain after morphine withdrawal.
Multiple approaches have been performed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying drug withdrawal in opioid-dependent animals. Opiate withdrawal represents a state of neuronal hyperexcitability in the brain that leads to alterations in a number of second-messenger systems which, in turn, induce expression of transcription factors. Whereas earlier studies have primarily demonstrated an early and transient transcriptional activation of members of the Fos, Jun, and Krox families, recent microarray studies investigating the delayed response could additionally identify several transcriptional repressors such as cAMP response element modulator (CREM), IkappaB, silencer factor B, helix-loop-helix proteins, or glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper, indicating the attempt of the brain to re-establish homeostasis after withdrawal-induced excitation.
Ammon-Treiber
Susanne
S
Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.
Tischmeyer
Helga
H
Riechert
Uta
U
Höllt
Volker
V
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008297:Male; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors