title: How postural behaviour in undisturbed upright stance can be used to assess the physical characteristics of various models of ankle orthoses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess various ankle orthoses presenting different physical characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  The postural performance in bi-pedal stance of 14 healthy adults was assessed during four different ankle orthoses conditions.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Resultant ankle stiffness is an important component in undisturbed upright postural regulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The centre of pressure displacements issued from the force platform were used to compute the horizontal motions of the centre of gravity, the controlled variable, and those of the difference between the centre of pressure and the vertical projection of the centre of gravity from which ankle stiffness can be estimated. Their respective contribution was assessed through a frequency analysis and a fractional Brownian motion modelling to determine their spatio-temporal linkage and their degree of control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ligacast, the more rigid model, induces the larger decrease, principally in the medio-lateral direction, in both centre of pressure minus centre of gravity and centre of gravity amplitudes. Dynastab reduces only the centre of pressure minus centre of gravity motions in both medio-lateral and antero-posterior directions. Lastly, no specific effect was observed for the less rigid Ligaflex for each motion and each direction. These effects are mainly explained by a reduction in the distance covered until the corrective process is initiated, the corresponding time interval being unchanged. In addition, depending on the model, the corrective processes appear more or less controlled.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modulating the ankle joint stiffness by using various models of orthoses induces some contrasted behaviours, hence suggesting that postural control does not result solely from resultant ankle stiffness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This data, contributing to the understanding of orthotic devices by emphasising their benefits, allows the practitioners and physical therapists to take into account the specific effects generated by each model.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de modélisation des activités sportives, Université de Savoie, Domaine Universitaire de Savoie-Technolac, F 73 376 Le Bourget du Lac cedex, France. patrice.rougier@univ-savoie.fr
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rougier
authors.forename: Cyril
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burdet
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Farenc
authors.forename: Loetitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D004548:Elasticity; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009989:Orthotic Devices; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004856:Postural Balance; D011187:Posture; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome