title: Astroglial responses against Abeta initially occur in cerebral primary cortical cultures: species differences between rat and cynomolgus monkey.
abstract: In the present study, we investigated how amyloid beta (Abeta) peptides initially affect neuronal cells in primary cerebral cortical cultures from rat and cynomolgus monkey. In these cultures, complicated interactions between glial and neuronal cells occur; moreover, synaptic interactions similar to those observed in vivo also occur between neuronal cells in these cultures. In this study, we applied low concentrations of Abeta to these well-characterized primary cultures to investigate how Abeta initially affects neurons or astroglial cells. In both rat and monkey cortical cultures, treatment with low concentrations of Abeta failed to drastically change or damage of neurons. Abeta treatment, however, significantly activated astrocytes, resulting in increased apolipoprotein E (ApoE) production. Rat astrocytes were more sensitive to Abeta than monkey astrocytes, and responded to Abeta via a different mechanism. In monkey astrocyte cultures, only direct treatment with Abeta increased ApoE production. In rat astrocyte cultures, however, treatment with conditioned media from cortical cultures grown with Abeta increased ApoE production, indicating that some sort of neuron-derived soluble factor(s) was also involved in activating rat astrocytes. These species differences suggest that monkey cortical cultures would be more useful as an in vitro model system to understand the details of how Abeta accumulates in the human brain, since monkeys are phylogenetically more similar to humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, the University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. aa07190@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jpco
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Negishi
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kyuwa
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000378:metabolism; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013045:Species Specificity; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D016708:Synaptophysin; C078592:amyloid beta-protein (1-40); C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); C093598:amyloid beta-protein precursor 695 (681-695); D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3