title: [Evaluation of costs incurred for patients with multiple trauma particularly from the perspective of the hospital].
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the costs involved in treating severely injured patients at the clinic differentiated by several characteristics (injury, age), sectors (emergency room, surgery, intensive and normal care), and kinds of costs (fixed costs, variable costs) and to determine influencing factors regarding costs based on the register of the DGU (Deutsche Gesellschaft für Unfallchirurgie). All patients were taken into account who had an injury severity score (ISS) of at least 16. On this basis costs of 3702 patients were analyzed. They were compared by using analysis of variance for different groups of patients classified according to kind of injury, severity of injury, and age. Moreover, multiple regression was performed to control the common influence of demographic factors and the type of injury on costs. The average ISS of the analyzed patients was 30.6 (+/-11.6) points. The average costs of the clinic were 32,166 (+/-25,404) EUR per patient. More than half of the costs was incurred by intensive care and about one-fourth by surgery. On average 30.6% were variable costs and 69.4% were fixed costs. The analysis of variance revealed that costs increased with advancing age and severity of injury (ISS). Multiple regression confirmed these interrelations indicating that extremities are very cost intensive. Due to the high portion of fixed costs, the overall costs strongly depend on the capacity utilization and less on hospital stay. That is why it may be necessary in the future to create centers for trauma care to maintain economic efficiency for treatment of these patients. Besides large differences of costs within closely defined groups of patients, hospitals carry a high economic risk so that a more complex reimbursement system should be discussed than implemented by the German DRGs.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Versicherungsbetriebslehre, Forschungsstelle Gesundheitsökonomie, Universität, Hannover. Schwermann@mbox.iqw.uni-hannover.de
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schwermann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grotz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blanke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ruchholtz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lefering
authors.forename: J M Graf
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: V d  Schulenburg
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krettek
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Pape
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D003422:Critical Care / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D017721:Hospital Costs / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009104:Multiple Trauma / Q000145:classification / Q000191:economics* / Q000601:surgery; D012042:Registries