Enhancing quality of care for acute myocardial infarction: shifting the focus of improvement from key indicators to process of care and tool use: the American College of Cardiology Acute Myocardial Infarction Guidelines Applied in Practice Project in Michigan: Flint and Saginaw Expansion.
OBJECTIVE
This project evaluated if by focusing on process changes and tool use rather than key indicator rates, the use of evidence-based therapies in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) would increase.


BACKGROUND
The use of tools designed to improve quality of care in the American College of Cardiology AMI Guidelines Applied in Practice Pilot Project resulted in improved adherence to evidence-based therapies for patients, but overall, tool use was modest.


METHODS
The current project, implemented in five hospitals, was modeled after the previous project, but with greater emphasis on tool use. This allowed early identification of barriers to tool use and strategies to overcome barriers. Main outcome measures were AMI quality indicators in pre-measurement (January 1, 2001 to June 30, 2001) and post-measurement (December 15, 2001 to March 31, 2002) samples.


RESULTS
One or more tools were used in 93% of patients (standard orders = 82%, and discharge document = 47%). Tool use was associated with significantly higher adherence to most discharge quality indicator rates with increases in aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and smoking cessation and dietary counseling. Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) had low rates of discharge indicators. Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary revascularization were more likely to receive evidence-based therapies.


CONCLUSIONS
These data validate the results of the pilot project that quality of AMI care can be improved through the use of guideline-based tools. Identifying and overcoming barriers to tool use led to substantially higher rates of tool use. The low rates of adherence to quality indicators in patients undergoing CABG suggest that these patients should be particularly targeted for quality improvement efforts.
Mehta
Rajendra H
RH
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Montoye
Cecelia K
CK
Faul
Jessica
J
Nagle
Dorothy J
DJ
Kure
James
J
Raj
Ethiraj
E
Fattal
Peter
P
Sharrif
Shiraz
S
Amlani
Mohamadali
M
Changezi
Hameem U
HU
Skorcz
Stephen
S
Bailey
Nancy
N
Bourque
Theresa
T
LaTarte
Mary
M
McLean
Donna
D
Savoy
Suzanne
S
Werner
Paul
P
Baker
Patricia L
PL
DeFranco
Anthony
A
Eagle
Kim A
KA
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002309:Cardiology / Q000592:standards*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000628:therapy*; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010343:Patient Admission; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors