title: Islet of Langerhans allogeneic transplantation at the University of Geneva in the steroid free era in islet after kidney and simultaneous islet-kidney transplantations.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report a single-center experience of islet allogeneic transplantation in islet after kidney (IAK) and simultaneous islet-kidney (SIK) type 1 diabetic recipients using a steroid-free immunosuppressive regimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight patients received 12 islet infusions in 5 IAK and 3 SIK procedures. Median age was 51 years (range, 30-58 years) with a male:female ratio of 2:6. IAK was considered only for patients with a stable kidney function and a creatinine clearance level >60 mL/min. SIK was considered for patients with a counterindication for simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation. Immunosuppression was based on sirolimus/tacrolimus combined with daclizumab induction. Two consecutive infusions of >5000 islet equivalents (IEQ)/kg were planned.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients completed the transplantation course, whereas 3 patients received only 1 islet infusion. All patients have functional grafts (C-peptide >166 pmol/L) at 6-month median follow-up. Of 5 patients who completed their transplantation course 4 became insulin independent. HbA1c and fructosamine decreased over time, showing improved metabolic control. Severe adverse events were observed in 4 patients. One SIK patient died after OKT-3 treatment of severe kidney rejection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Edmonton immunosuppressive protocol can be applied for patients undergoing either IAK or SIK procedures, with a high rate of graft function and insulin independence. Morbidity is higher than among patients undergoing solitary islet transplantation for type 1 brittle diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Cell Isolation and Transplantation Center, Department of Surgery, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland. thierry.berney@hcuge.ch
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berney
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bucher
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mathe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Andres
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bosco
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mage
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toso
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oberholzer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Philippe
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bühler
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000077561:Daclizumab; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016381:Islets of Langerhans Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013557:Switzerland; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000077561:Daclizumab; D020123:Sirolimus; D016559:Tacrolimus