title: An asynchronously controlled EEG-based virtual keyboard: improvement of the spelling rate.
abstract: An improvement of the information transfer rate of brain-computer communication is necessary for the creation of more powerful and convenient applications. This paper presents an asynchronously controlled three-class brain-computer interface-based spelling device [virtual keyboard (VK)], operated by spontaneous electroencephalogram and modulated by motor imagery. Of the first results of three able-bodied subjects operating the VK, two were successful, showing an improvement of the spelling rate sigma, the number of correctly spelled letters/min, up to sigma = 3.38 (average sigma = 1.99).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human-Computer Interfaces, Graz University of Technology, 8010 Graz, Austria. reinhold.scherer@tugraz.at
authors.forename: Reinhold
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Scherer
authors.forename: Gernot R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Christa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neuper
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Graimann
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pfurtscheller
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities; D016287:Computer Peripherals; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D009862:Online Systems; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D015443:Word Processing