title: Digital fluoroscopic excretory urography, digital fluoroscopic urethrography, helical computed tomography, and cystoscopy in 24 dogs with suspected ureteral ectopia.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the diagnostic utility of helical computed tomography (CT) for the diagnosis of ectopic ureters in the dog and to compare these findings with those of digital fluoroscopic excretory urography and digital fluoroscopic urethrography. Ureteral ectopia was confirmed or disproved based on findings from cystoscopy and exploratory surgery or postmortem examination. Of 24 dogs (20 female, 4 male) evaluated, 17 had ureteral ectopia. Digital fluoroscopic excretory urography and CT correctly identified ureteral ectopic status and site of ureteral ectopia (P < .05). Urethrography did not reliably detect ureteral ectopia. No false-positive diagnoses of ureteral ectopia were made in any of the imaging studies. Cystoscopic findings significantly agreed with findings during surgery in determining ureteral ectopic status and ectopic ureter site. One false-positive cystoscopic diagnosis of unilateral ureteral ectopia was made in a male dog. Kappa statistics showed better agreement between CT and both cystoscopy and surgical or postmortem examination findings with regard to presence and site of ureteral ectopia compared with other imaging techniques. CT was more useful than other established diagnostic imaging techniques for diagnosing canine ureteral ectopia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. samii.3@osu.edu
authors.forename: Valerie F
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Samii
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: McLoughlin
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Mattoon
authors.forename: Wm Tod
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Drost
authors.forename: Dennis J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: DiBartola
authors.forename: Stacy
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hoshaw-Woodard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003558:Cystoscopy / Q000662:veterinary; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary*; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D014567:Urography / Q000662:veterinary