title: Arthroscopic findings in horses with subtle radiographic evidence of osteochondral lesions of the medial femoral condyle: 15 cases (1995-2002).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine arthroscopic findings in lame horses with subtle radiographic lesions of the medial femoral condyle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  15 horses examined because of lameness that had subtle radiographic evidence of osteochondral lesions involving the medial femoral condyle in at least 1 joint.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records were reviewed, and results of physical examination, radiography, and arthroscopy were recorded. Follow-up information was obtained through reexamination of the horses or telephone conversations with the referring veterinarians, owners, or trainers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lameness severity ranged from grade 1 to 3 on a scale from 0 to 5. Radiography and arthroscopy were performed on 28 stifle joints. The 4 unaffected joints in 4 horses with unilateral hind limb lameness that underwent bilateral arthroscopy had no radiographic lesions, but 2 of the 4 had arthroscopic lesions. Of the remaining 24 joints, 20 had radiographic evidence of flattening of the apex of the medial femoral condyle and 4 had minimal subchondral lucency. Lesions were identified arthroscopically in 18 of the 20 joints with flattening of the condyle and in all 4 joints with subchondral lucency. Treatment consisted of abrasion arthroplasty or microfracture. Seven of the 9 horses with focal cartilage lesions and 2 of the 6 horses with generalized cartilage lesions were reportedly sound without any evidence of joint effusion at the time of final follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that horses with hind limb lameness and subtle radiographic lesions of the medial femoral condyle are likely to have arthroscopically apparent cartilage lesions and subchondral bone defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0136, USA.
authors.forename: Grant S P
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Patrick T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Colahan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001182:Arthroscopy / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000473:pathology; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006736:Horses; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D010007:Osteochondritis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013264:Stifle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery