title: Airflow synchronous with oscillatory acceleration reflects involuntary respiratory muscle activity.
abstract: To explore mechanisms causing involuntary airflow synchronous with oscillatory axial whole body acceleration (oscillatory axial acceleration, OAA) such as that during locomotion, we monitored airflow, acceleration, and electromyograms (EMGs) of the rib cage and abdominal muscles in standing subjects undergoing OAA at 3, 6, and 9 Hz at accelerations of 0.1-0.95 g. Subjects relaxed or performed static respiratory maneuvers at constant lung volume with glottis open. Oscillatory airflows (0.01-3.01 s(-1)) synchronous with OAA were not consistent with expectations for a passive respiratory system, and were larger during active respiratory efforts than during relaxation. Peak inspiratory airflow usually preceded peak upward acceleration by 90-180 degrees. In 80% of runs with respiratory muscles voluntarily activated or relaxed, EMGs showed activity synchronous with OAA. Changes in periodic muscle activity coincided with changes in oscillatory airflow. We conclude that periodic muscle activity, probably a reflex response to body wall deformation during OAA, strongly influences the involuntary airflow synchronous with OAA.
authors.affiliation: Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Hsueh-Tze
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Stephen H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Loring
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology*; D010507:Periodicity; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000502:physiology*; D012132:Respiratory Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D013909:Thorax