title: Dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS) from Escherichia coli displays partial mixed inhibition with respect to its first substrate, pyruvate.
abstract: Dihydrodipicolinate synthase (DHDPS, E.C. 4.2.1.52) mediates the first unique reaction of (S)-lysine biosynthesis in plants and microbes-the condensation of (S)-aspartate-beta-semialdehyde ((S)-ASA) and pyruvate. It has been shown that DHDPS is partially feedback inhibited by (S)-lysine; it is suggested that this mechanism regulates flux through the DAP biosynthetic pathway. Others have characterised DHDPS from Escherichia coli with respect to (S)-lysine inhibition. They have concluded that, with respect to pyruvate, the first substrate of the reaction, DHDPS shows uncompetitive inhibition: as such, they further suggest that (S)-lysine inhibits DHDPS via interaction with the binding site for the second substrate, (S)-ASA. Yet, this finding is based on the assumption that (S)-lysine is a fully uncompetitive inhibitor. In light of crystallographic studies, which lead to the proposal that (S)-lysine affects the putative proton-relay of DHDPS, we re-evaluated the inhibition mechanism of DHDPS with respect to (S)-lysine by incorporating the observed hyperbolic inhibition. Our data showed that lysine is not an uncompetitive inhibitor, but a mixed inhibitor when pyruvate and (S)-lysine concentrations were varied. Thus, consistent with the crystallographic data, (S)-lysine must have an effect on the initial steps of the DHDPS reaction, including the binding of pyruvate and Schiff base formation.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Renwick C J
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Dobson
authors.forename: Michael D W
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Juliet A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gerrard
mesh_terms: D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology*; D006836:Hydro-Lyases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D008239:Lysine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D006836:Hydro-Lyases; C020040:4-hydroxy-tetrahydrodipicolinate synthase; D008239:Lysine