Viral vectors for inducing CD8+ T cell responses.
CD8(+) T cells (T(CD8+)) can mediate protective immunity to intracellular pathogens and tumours. Viruses generate strong T(CD8+) responses and, therefore, represent attractive vectors for generating vaccines aimed at producing T(CD8+)-mediated protective immunity. This review will examine the immunological properties of viruses that make them good candidates as vaccine vectors, as well as the manipulations of both vector and antigen that may be required to produce an effective vaccine. The areas addressed include virus infection of dendritic cells in vivo, stimulation of the innate immune response via intracellular and extracellular pattern recognition receptors, the effect of antigenic form on the pathways of antigen presentation and the requirement for elimination of viral genes that target various aspects of the innate and adaptive immune response.
Truckenmiller
Mary E
ME
Pennsylvania State University College of Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
Norbury
Christopher C
CC
D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D000941:Antigens / Q000737:chemistry; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000821:virology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000502:physiology*; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008285:Major Histocompatibility Complex; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014612:Vaccines
D000941:Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D014612:Vaccines