title: Expanded-spectrum cephalosporin resistance in non-typhoid Salmonella.
abstract: Expanded-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) such as ceftriaxone, together with fluorinated quinolones, are the choice antibiotics in the treatment of invasive salmonella infections. Resistance to ESCs among non-typhoid salmonella has been recognised since the late 1980s. Currently, ESC-resistant salmonella strains are reported world-wide and in some areas their incidence is significant. Resistance is mainly due to acquisition of multi-resistant plasmids encoding a variety of extended-spectrum and AmpC-type beta-lactamases. The origins of ESC-resistant salmonellae are diverse. Exchange of resistance determinants between salmonellae and nosocomial enterobacteria seems to be frequent, at least in developing countries. Also, the use of newer beta-lactams in animal husbandry and veterinary medicine may have facilitated the spread of ESC-resistant salmonella strains in livestock.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bacteriology, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Miriagou
authors.forename: P T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Tassios
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Legakis
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Tzouvelekis
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018550:Cephalosporin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D006801:Humans; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D047090:beta-Lactams; C048795:AmpC beta-lactamases; D001618:beta-Lactamases