title: Comparison of powered and manual toothbrushes for plaque removal by 4- to 5-year-old children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study compared the small head Oralgiene 60 Second Time Machine powered toothbrush, used for 60 seconds, with the Braun Oral-B Mickey Mouse powered toothbrush and a manual toothbrush (Oral-B Rugrats 20), each used for 2 minutes, for efficacy in plaque removal and reduction of gingival inflammation in young children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-eight children, ages 4 to 5 years old, were randomly assigned to one of the 3 toothbrush groups. At visit 1, plaque and gingival indices were recorded for all subjects. Then, the children did not brush for 24 hours. At visit 2, 24 hours later, plaque indices were recorded, the children brushed with their assigned toothbrush, and plaque indices were recorded again. Six weeks later, plaque and gingival indices were recorded again. The data was analyzed to detect plaque reduction after a one-time use (visit 2, prebrushing and postbrushing) as well as plaque and gingival inflammation reduction after 6 weeks of use.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Oralgiene toothbrush removed significantly more plaque during the one-time trial and reduced significantly more gingival inflammation during the 6-week trial. The Braun Oral B powered toothbrush removed significantly more plaque than the other toothbrushes during the 6-week trial. However, no clinically meaningful differences were found between any of the toothbrushes with regard to plaque removal or gingival scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no clinically meaningful differences found between any of the toothbrushes tested during either of the trials with regard to plaque removal or improvement in gingival health.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, New Jersey Dental School, Newark, NJ, USA. drjoeysilverman@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: R Glenn
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Rosivack
authors.forename: Pamela B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Matheson
authors.forename: Milton I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Houpt
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D011211:Electric Power Supplies; D004867:Equipment Design; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation*