HIV-1 inhibition by extracts of Clusiaceae species from Mexico.
The organic plant extracts of 21 species of Clusiaceae from Mexico were screened for anti HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity in a non-radioactive immuno colorimetric assay. The extracts of 5 species (23.8%) exhibited significant inhibition (> or =70%) of HIV-1 RT activity; of these, only 4 extracts showed reduced toxicity to human lymphocytic MT2 cells and were further tested as inhibitors of HIV-1 IIIb/LAV replication in a cellular system. The best extracts were Calophyllum brasiliense (hexane) and Clusia quadrangula (CH(2)Cl(2)-MeOH) which inhibited HIV-1 RT (IC(50)=29.6 microg/ml and 42 microg/ml), and showed an EC(50)=92.5 microg/ml and 91 microg/ml, respectively, on MT2 cells. However, only Calophyllum brasiliense hexane extract showed significant inhibition on viral replication (ED(50)=37.1 microg/ml), while Clusia quadrangula was less active (ED(50)=124 microg/ml). These results support the idea that plant extracts represent a valuable source of potential anti HIV compounds.
Huerta-Reyes
Maira
M
Department of Natural Products, Institute of Chemistry, National University of Mexico, Mexico D F, Mexico.
Basualdo
Maria del Carmen
Mdel C
Lozada
Lucio
L
Jimenez-Estrada
Manuel
M
Soler
Carmen
C
Reyes-Chilpa
Ricardo
R
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028084:Clusiaceae; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008800:Mexico; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D018514:Plant Structures
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts