title: Mitral annular calcification is associated with osteoporosis in women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have suggested association between mitral annular calcification (MAC) and osteoporosis in women who are post-menopausal. However, the association of MAC with osteoporosis in women, in relation to bone resorption, as assessed by using the dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry method (DEXA), have not been performed. We sought to examine the association between MAC and osteoporosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective, observational study carried out in a tertiary referral center, 340 women (mean age +/- SD, 56 +/- 10 years; age range, 33-85 years) underwent echocardiography, with specific assessment of MAC and bone mineral density measurement (T-scores) using DEXA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MAC was absent in 123 patients (group I) and present in 217 patients (group II). Compared with the control group, the group with MAC had a significantly higher prevalence and severity of osteoporosis (18.2% vs 55.5%, P <.001). Severe osteoporosis was significantly more common in the severe MAC subgroup (n = 66) than in the control subjects (65.2% vs 17.1%; Pearson chi2, 70.02; df = 4; P <.001). With multivariate analysis, only T-scores and age were highly predictive of MAC, with an odds ratio of 2.66 (95 % CI, 1.85-3.83) and 1.04 (95% CI, 1.01-1.07), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MAC is associated with osteoporosis. Bone mineral density measurement (T-scores) and age were highly predictive of MAC in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Sahinbey Medical Center, Gaziantep University Gaziantep, Turkey. vedatdavutoglu@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Vedat
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Davutoglu
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soydinc
authors.forename: Zeki
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Celen
authors.forename: Serdar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Turkmen
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sezen
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akcay
authors.forename: Ilyas
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Akdemir
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aksoy
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017698:Postmenopause; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology