title: Dibasic amino acid residues at the carboxy-terminal end of kinase homology domain participate in the plasma membrane localization and function of phosphatidylinositol 5-kinase gamma.
abstract: Type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate (PI(4)P) 5-kinases (PIP5Ks) catalyze the synthesis of phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PI(4,5)P(2)), an essential lipid molecule involved in various cellular processes such as regulation of actin cytoskeleton and membrane traffic. The protein localizes to the plasma membrane where its activity has been shown to be regulated by small GTPase ARFs and/or phosphatidic acid. Deletion analysis of amino- or carboxy-terminal sequences of PIP5Kgamma fused with EGFP demonstrated that the presence of central kinase homology domain (KHD), a 380 amino acid-long region highly conserved among PIP5K family, was necessary and sufficient for the plasma membrane localization of PIP5Kgamma. Particularly, the dibasic Arg-Lys sequence located at the carboxy-terminal end of KHD was shown to be crucial for the plasma membrane targeting of PIP5Kgamma, since the deletion or charge-reversal mutation of this dibasic sequence resulted in the mislocalization of the protein to the cytoplasm. Mislocalized mutants also failed to complement the temperature-sensitive growth of Saccharomyces cerevisiae mss4-1 mutant defective in PIP5K function. The presence of dibasic residues at the C-terminal end of KHD was conserved among mammalian as well as invertebrate PIP5K family members, but not in the type II PIPKs that are not targeted to the plasma membrane, suggesting that the conserved dibasic motif provides a mechanism essential for the proper localization and cellular function of PIP5Ks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. arioka@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arioka
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shibasaki
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitamoto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000201:enzymology; D017931:DNA Primers; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D017931:DNA Primers; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); C020077:1-phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase