title: Poorer NF-kappa B signaling by microfilariae in macrophages from BALB/c mice affects their ability to produce cytotoxic levels of nitric oxide to kill microfilariae.
abstract: Upon activation with microfilariae (mf), macrophages from C57Bl/6 mice showed higher nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) but lower activating protein 1 DNA-binding activity as compared to BALB/c macrophages. The C57Bl/6 macrophages produced cytotoxic levels of nitric oxide (NO) to kill Setaria cervi mf as compared to BALB/c macrophages. Inhibition of the NF-kappa B signal by pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) blocked NO production and microfilaricidal activity of C57Bl/6 macrophages and inclusion of the exogenous NO generator (SNP) in the PDTC treated C57Bl/6 macrophage cultures induced mf cytotoxicity. These results underscore that the NF-kappa B signal (induced in response to mf) is important for the NO-mediated microfilaricidal activity of macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Centre For DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics, ECIL Road, Nacharam, Hyderabad, AP 500076, India. sangita@cdfd.org.in
authors.forename: Sangita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mukhopadhyay
authors.forename: V M L
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Srivastava
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.forename: Seyed E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hasnain
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000947:Antigens, Helminth / Q000276:immunology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008842:Microfilariae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000601:surgery; D011759:Pyrrolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D017182:Setaria Nematode / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000947:Antigens, Helminth; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006146:Guanidines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D011759:Pyrrolidines; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; C020972:pyrrolidine dithiocarbamic acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; C004479:pimagedine