title: Cytologic diagnosis of suppurative cholecystitis due to Candida albicans and actinomyces. A report of 2 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cholecystitis is a common inflammatory disease of the gallbladder. Actinomycosis and candidiasis of the gallbladder are uncommon causes of acute cholecystitis. There has been no previous report on the cytologic diagnosis of actinomycosis and candidiasis from aspirated gallbladder bile intraoperatively.
  
  
  METHODS
  Purulent bile was intraoperatively aspirated from the gallbladder of 71-year-old Indian and a 30-year-old Australian woman. The specimens were sent for cytologic examination. The first case revealed sulphur granules characteristic of Actinomyces spp. The second case showed budding spores and pseudohyphae of Candida spp. Pure colonies of Candida albicans grew from the bile culture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Actinomycosis and candidiasis rarely cause acute suppurative cholecystitis. Initial diagnosis can be made by cytologic examination of the aspirated purulent bile intraoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomical Pathology, South Western Area Pathology Service, Locked Mail Bag 7090, Liverpool BC, NSW 1871, Australia. leonardo.santos@swsahs.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: Leonardo D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Karen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Rogan
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kennerson
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000196:Actinomycosis / Q000382:microbiology*; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia / Q000208:ethnology; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology*; D002763:Cholecystectomy; D041881:Cholecystitis, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005705:Gallbladder Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D013492:Suppuration / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography