title: Neural correlates of facial affect processing in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the neural basis of impairments in interpreting facial emotions in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorders (ASD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve children and adolescents with ASD and 12 typically developing (TD) controls matched faces by emotion and assigned a label to facial expressions while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups engaged similar neural networks during facial emotion processing, including activity in the fusiform gyrus (FG) and prefrontal cortex. However, between-group analyses in regions of interest revealed that when matching facial expressions, the ASD group showed significantly less activity than the TD group in the FG, but reliably greater activity in the precuneus. During the labeling of facial emotions, no between-group differences were observed at the behavioral or neural level. Furthermore, activity in the amygdala was moderated by task demands in the TD group but not in the ASD group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that children and adolescents with ASD in part recruit different neural networks and rely on different strategies when processing facial emotions. High-functioning individuals with ASD may be relatively unimpaired in the cognitive assessment of basic emotions, yet still show differences in the automatic processing of facial expressions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: A Ting
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Mirella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dapretto
authors.forename: Ahmad R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Hariri
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sigman
authors.forename: Susan Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Bookheimer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000679:Amygdala / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D004644:Emotions; D005149:Facial Expression; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011578:Psycholinguistics; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012938:Social Perception