title: Effects of ambient stimuli on measures of behavioral state and microswitch use in adults with profound multiple impairments.
abstract: The effects of different types and amounts of environmental stimuli (visual and auditory) on microswitch use and behavioral states of three individuals with profound multiple impairments were examined. The individual's switch use and behavioral states were measured under three setting conditions: natural stimuli (typical visual and auditory stimuli in a recreational situation), reduced visual stimuli, and reduced visual and auditory stimuli. Results demonstrated differential switch use in all participants with the varying environmental setting conditions. No consistent effects were observed in behavioral state related to environmental condition. Predominant behavioral state scores and switch use did not systematically covary with any participant. Results suggest the importance of considering environmental stimuli in relationship to switch use when working with individuals with profound multiple impairments.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, USA.
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Muriel D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: Richard R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: Lesley B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Olswang
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D000328:Adult; D003143:Communication Devices for People with Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003448:Crying; D004777:Environment; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D015588:Observer Variation; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011595:Psychomotor Agitation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D019956:Stereotypic Movement Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014743:Videotape Recording; D014851:Wakefulness