title: Gender identity development and issues.
abstract: This article focuses on the psychosexual development of children and adolescents who have sex-typed behavioral patterns that correspond to the diagnosis of Gender Identity Disorder, as defined in the fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The author provides an update on phenomenology and diagnosis, associated behavior problems, developmental course, biologic and psychosocial influences, and treatment and ethical issues.
authors.affiliation: Child and Adolescent Gender Identity Clinic, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. ken_zucker@camh.net
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Zucker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002755:Choice Behavior; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011606:Psychosexual Development / Q000502:physiology*; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology