title: Detection of surfactant protein A (SP-A) and surfactant protein D (SP-D) in equine synovial fluid with immunoblotting.
abstract: Once considered unique to the lung, surfactant proteins have been clearly identified in the intestine and peritoneum and are suggested to exist in several other organs. In the lung, surfactant proteins assist in the formation of a monolayer of surface-active phospholipid at the liquid-air interface of the alveolar lining, reducing the surface tension at this surface. In contrast, surface-active phospholipid adsorbed to articular surfaces has been identified as the load-bearing boundary lubricant of the joint. This raises the question of whether surfactant proteins in synovial fluid (SF) are required for the formation of the adsorbed layer in normal joints. Proteins from small volumes of equine SF were resolved by 1- and 2-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and detected by Western blotting to investigate the presence of surfactant proteins. The study showed that surfactant proteins A and D (SP-A and SP-D) are present in the SF of normal horses. We suggest that, like surface-active phospholipid, SP-A and SP-D play a significant role in the functioning of joints. Next will be clarification of the roles of surfactant proteins as disease markers in a variety of joint diseases, such as degenerative joint disease and inflammatory problems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Kafkas, Kars 36100, Turkey. okankavi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kankavi
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel / Q000662:veterinary; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional / Q000662:veterinary; D006736:Horses / Q000378:metabolism*; D007596:Joints / Q000378:metabolism; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; D037663:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein D; D013501:Surface-Active Agents