title: The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptor GluRepsilon2 is important for delay and trace eyeblink conditioning in mice.
abstract: It has been proposed that the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA)-type glutamate receptor (GluR) plays an important role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. The four GluRepsilon (NR2) subunits, which constitute NMDA receptors with a GluRzeta (NR1) subunit, differ both in their expression patterns in the brain and in their functional properties. In order to specify the distinct participation of each of these subunits, we focused on the GluRepsilon2 subunits, which are expressed mainly in the forebrain. We investigated delay and trace eyeblink conditioning in GluRepsilon2 heterozygous mutant mice whose content of GluRepsilon2 protein was decreased to about half of that in wild-type mice. GluRepsilon2 mutant mice exhibited severe impairment of the attained level of conditioned response (CR) in the delay paradigm, for which the cerebellum is essential and modulation by the forebrain has been suggested. Moreover, GluRepsilon2 mutant mice showed no trend toward CR acquisition in the trace paradigm with a trace interval of 500 ms, in which the forebrain is critically involved in successful learning. On the other hand, the reduction of GluRepsilon2 proteins did not disturb any basic sensory and motor functions which might have explained the observed impairment. These results are different from those obtained with GluRepsilon1 null mutant mice, which attain a normal level of the CR but at a slower rate in the delay paradigm, and showed a severe impairment in the trace paradigm. Therefore, the NMDA receptor GluRepsilon2 plays a more critical role than the GluRepsilon1 subunit in classical eyeblink conditioning.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neurobiophysics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takehara
authors.forename: Shigenori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Munemoto
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuriyama
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mishina
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kirino
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001767:Blinking / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C121001:NR2B NMDA receptor; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate