The impact of vitamins and/or mineral supplementation on blood pressure in type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVE
The present study designed to assess the effect of Mg+Zn, vitamin C+E, and combination of these micronutrients on blood pressure in type 2 diabetic patients.


METHODS
In a randomized, double-blind, placebo controlled clinical trial, 69 type 2 diabetic patients were randomly divided into four groups, each group receiving one of the following daily supplement for three months; group M: 200 mg Mg and 30 mg Zn (n = 16), group V: 200 mg vitamin C and 150 mg vitamin E (n = 18), group MV: minerals plus vitamins (n = 17), group P: placebo (n = 18). Blood pressure was measured at the beginning and at the end of the trial. Treatment effects were analyzed by general linear modeling.


RESULTS
Results indicate that after three months of supplementation levels of systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure decreased significantly in the MV group by 8 mmHg (122 +/- 16 vs. 130 +/- 19 mmHg), 6 mmHg (77 +/- 9 vs. 83 +/- 11 mmHg), and 7 mmHg (92 +/- 9 vs. 99 +/- 13 mmHg), respectively (p < 0.05). Also combination of vitamin and mineral supplementation had significantly effects in increasing serum potassium (p < 0.05) and in decreasing serum malondialdehyde (p < 0.05). There was no significant change in the levels of these parameters in the other three groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of the present study indicated that in type 2 diabetic patients a combination of vitamins and minerals, rather than vitamin C and E or Mg and Zn, might decrease blood pressure.
Farvid
Maryam Sadat
MS
Department of Nutrition and Biochemistry, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. farvidm@hotmail.com
Jalali
Mahmoud
M
Siassi
Fereydoun
F
Saadat
Navid
N
Hosseini
Mostafa
M
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008274:Magnesium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D013995:Time; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine
D000975:Antioxidants; D008903:Minerals; D014815:Vitamins; D014810:Vitamin E; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D011188:Potassium