title: [Botulinum toxin in infantile estropia: long-term results].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate long term results of botulinum toxin in infantile esotropia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nineteen infants between 6 and 13 Months of age were treated with botulinum toxin injected into the medial recti. The amount of deviation, the different symptoms of infantile esotropia, and the need for surgery were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Esotropia reappears frequently with time. Dissociated vertical deviation and manifest/latent nystagmus are only partially improved. Surgery is usually mandatory over the long term.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite some good results, a single botulinum toxin injection is less effective than incisional surgery in treating the different symptoms of infantile esotropia.
authors.affiliation: Cabinet d'Ophtalmologie, 11, rue de la Ravinelle, 54000 Nancy.
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Spielmann
mesh_terms: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004948:Esotropia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D005403:Fixation, Ocular; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009760:Nystagmus, Physiologic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018726:Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; D001905:Botulinum Toxins