title: Estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity of nitrophenols in diesel exhaust particles (DEP).
abstract: We recently isolated 4-nitrophenol, 2-methyl-4-nitrophenol, 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol, and 4-nitro-3-phenylphenol from diesel exhaust particles (DEP) and identified them as vasodilators. Because these compounds are alkylphenolic derivatives that might mimic hormones, we evaluated their estrogenic activity by human estrogen receptor (hER)-yeast screen assay. All of these nitrophenol derivatives except 2-methyl-4-nitrophenol exhibited estrogenic activity. Some estrogenic compounds are also anti-androgenic, so we measured the anti-androgenic activity of the same compounds by human androgen receptor (hAR)-yeast screen assay. We found anti-androgenicity in all four nitrophenols. Nitrophenols in DEP possess not only vasodilatory activity but also estrogenic and anti-androgenic activity.
authors.affiliation: PM2.5/DEP Research Project, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Onogawa, Tsukuba, Japan. taneda.shinji@nies.go.jp
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taneda
authors.forename: Yoki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Chunmei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Koh-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Akiyo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakushima
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Kouya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaki
authors.forename: Gen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Kazuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taya
authors.forename: Akira K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000009:adverse effects; D015003:Yeasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D059002:Androgen Receptor Antagonists; D000728:Androgens; D004967:Estrogens; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D009596:Nitrophenols; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D001335:Vehicle Emissions