Comparison of aerosol therapy with different perfluorocarbons in surfactant-depleted animals.
OBJECTIVE
The study investigates the effectiveness of aerosol treatment on gas exchange and pulmonary inflammatory reaction using perfluorocarbons with different molecular structure and vapor pressure.


METHODS
Experimental, prospective, randomized, controlled study.


METHODS
Experimental laboratory at a university hospital.


METHODS
Twenty anesthetized neonatal piglets assigned to four groups.


METHODS
After establishment of lung injury by bronchoalveolar lavage, piglets either received aerosolized FC77 (n = 5), perfluorooctylbromide (n = 5), or FC43 (n = 5, 10 mL x kg(-1) x hr(-1) for 2 hrs) or intermittent mandatory ventilation (control, n = 5). Thereafter, animals were supported for another 6 hrs.


RESULTS
Pao2 significantly improved in the perfluorocarbon groups compared with control (p < .01). Final Pao2 (mean +/- SEM) was FC77, 406 +/- 27 mm Hg; perfluorooctylbromide, 332 +/- 32 mm Hg; FC43, 406 +/- 19 mm Hg; control, 68 +/- 8 mm Hg. Paco2 and mean pulmonary arterial pressure were lower in all perfluorocarbon groups compared with control. The ratio of terminal dynamic compliance to total compliance was significantly higher in the FC77 than in the FC43, perfluorooctylbromide, and control groups. Relative gene expression of interleukin-1beta, interleukin-8, P-selectin, E-selectin, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in lung tissue was determined by TaqMan real time polymerase chain reaction normalized to hypoxanthineguanine-phosphoribosyl-transferase and was shown to be reduced by all perfluorocarbons.


CONCLUSIONS
Aerosol treatment with all the perfluorocarbons investigated improved gas exchange and reduced pulmonary inflammatory reaction independently from molecular structure and vapor pressure of the perfluorocarbons. Although differences in vapor pressure and molecular structure may account for varying optimal dosing strategies, several different perfluorocarbons were shown to be principally suitable for aerosol treatment.
von der Hardt
Katharina
K
Klinik for Kinder und Jugendliche, Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.
Kandler
Michael A
MA
Brenn
Günter
G
Scheuerer
Katrin
K
Schoof
Ellen
E
Dötsch
Jörg
J
Rascher
Wolfgang
W
D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D021061:Liquid Ventilation; D008170:Lung Compliance / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000187:drug effects; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D011897:Random Allocation; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013552:Swine
D000336:Aerosols; D019040:E-Selectin; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016209:Interleukin-8; D019007:P-Selectin; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; C429307:fluorocarbon 77; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; C008807:perfluorotributylamine; C003072:perflubron