title: Hospitalization for worsening chronic heart failure.
abstract: The total number of admissions for heart failure (HF) in the United States is approaching 1 million/year. HF is the number one volume diagnosis in the Medicare health system. Readmission rates are as high as 30 to 60% within 3 to 6 months after discharge even in patients without renal failure, low blood pressure or significant arrhythmias. Patients admitted with HF can be classified into three categories: new-onset HF (5% of total admissions), end-stage or refractory HF (5%), and worsening chronic HF (90%). This review will focus on the epidemiology, prognosis, pathophysiology and pharmacological treatment of patients hospitalized for worsening chronic HF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy. leodeluca@virgilio.it
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Mihai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gheorghiade
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014481:United States