title: Inhibition of lung carcinogenesis and effects on angiogenesis and apoptosis in A/J mice by oral administration of green tea.
abstract: Oral administration of tea (Camellia sinensis) has been shown to inhibit the formation and growth of several tumor types in animal models. The present study investigated the effects of treatment with different concentrations of green tea on 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK)-induced lung tumorigenesis in female A/J mice. Two days after a single dose of NNK (100 mg/kg body weight, i.p.), the mice were given 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.6% green tea solution (1, 2, 4, and 6 g of tea solids, respectively, dissolved in 1 l of water), 0.02% caffeine, or water as the sole source of drinking fluid until the termination of the experiment. Only the treatment with 0.6% tea preparation significantly reduced lung tumor multiplicity (mean +/- SE, 6.07 +/- 0.77 vs. 8.60 +/- 0.50 tumors per mouse, P = 0.018). Treatment with 0.6% tea also inhibited angiogenesis, as indicated by the lower microvessel density (number of blood vessels/mm2) based on immunostaining for the von Willebrand factor antigen (81.9 +/- 9.5 vs. 129.4 +/- 8.2, P = 0.0018) and anti-CD31 antibody staining (465.3 +/- 61.4 vs. 657.1 +/- 43.6, P = 0.0012). Significantly lower vascular endothelial growth factor immunostaining scores were also observed in the 0.6% tea-treated group (0.98 +/- 0.17 vs. 1.43 +/- 0.07, P = 0.006). The apoptosis index was significantly higher in lung adenomas from 0.6% tea-treated mice based on morphological analysis of cell apoptosis (2.51 +/- 0.18% vs. 1.57 +/- 0.11%, P = 0.00005), and the result was further confirmed using the TUNEL method. Inhibition of angiogenesis and the induction of apoptosis by green tea may be closely related to the inhibition of pulmonary carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Susan Lehman Cullamn Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Department of Chemical Biology, Rutgers, The Sate University of New Jersey, Piscataway 08855-0789, USA.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Guang-Yu
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Eon Sub
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Yuhai
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Dongxuan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Darren N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Seril
authors.forename: Chung S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051379:Mice; D008805:Mice, Inbred A; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000633:toxicity; D011897:Random Allocation; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009602:Nitrosamines; D013662:Tea; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; C016583:4-(N-methyl-N-nitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone