title: Effect of glucocorticosteroids on tumour necrosis factor-alpha-induced intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression in cultured primary human nasal epithelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to confirm the direct effect of glucocorticosteroids on epithelial intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) expression, we examined ICAM-1 expression on primary cultured human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs) at both protein and mRNA levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  HNECs were stimulated with recombinant human TNF-alpha (20 pg/mL-20 ng/mL) for specified time periods (0, 12, 24, and 48 h) and ICAM-1 mRNA and the soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) concentrations were measured by quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA, respectively. We also evaluated surface expression of ICAM-1 by flow cytometry 48 h after stimulation and determined the effect of dexamethasone (DEX) on TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant increases in ICAM-1 gene expression in HNECs were initially detected at 24 h, peaking at 48 h after the stimulation. The TNF-mediated-ICAM-1 mRNA and ICAM-1 surface expression at 48 h was significantly inhibited by co-incubation with human recombinant soluble TNF receptor I. Similarly, TNF-alpha-induced release sICAM-1 occurred in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. DEX 10(-6) M attenuated the TNF-alpha-induced ICAM-1 expression at mRNA and protein levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our finding suggests a potential role for topical steroids in allergic rhinitis in suppressing inflammatory reactions in the nasal mucosa by regulating ICAM-1 expression on nasal epithelium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan. puchibe@spa.att.ne.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shirasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kanaizumi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Konno
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Himi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D006255:Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D003907:Dexamethasone