title: [Biomechanical study of open bite treatment with tip forward bend].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To verify whether it is effective to treat open bite cases with tip-forward bend.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-dimensional finite element (TDFE) models of the lower left central incisor and first molar were set up by means of CT. Stress distribution in root, PDL and alveolar bone, and the tendency of the tooth movement were obtained by calculation under different orthodontic forces.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) The molar model revealed that the tensile stress concentration was at the distal cervix and the compressive stress concentration at mesial cervix. (2) The incisor model showed that the tensile stress was concentrated at apical tip and the compressive stress concentration was at the lingual side of the cervix. (3) The incisor had the tendency to elongate and move lingually. The molar tended to tip mesially and buccally.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arch wire with tip forward bend depends on the elongation and lingual movement of anterior teeth to treat open bite, but the anchorage molar will incline mesially further, which is not consistent with the mechanism to treat open bite.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, School of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China. ydhhm@sohu.com
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yuan-ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yong-zhong
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003970:Diastema / Q000628:therapy*; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000503:physiopathology; D008963:Molar / Q000503:physiopathology; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000379:methods*; D010513:Periodontal Ligament / Q000502:physiology