title: Expression of iNOS gene in macrophages stimulated with 17beta-estradiol is regulated by free intracellular Ca2+.
abstract: 17Beta-estradiol has potent Ca2+ ionophore capability and its signaling in macrophages is mediated through binding to surface and genomic receptors, resulting in transient nitric oxide (NO) elaboration. We decided to examine if the transient release of NO is due to Ca2+ influx pattern or the quenching effect of superoxide (*O2-) through peroxynitrite formation. Differential chelation of intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) showed that NO generation was favored by [Ca2+]i concentration of 237 nM. Application of an estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182 780 resulted in attenuation of estradiol mediated NO release. Studies directed at identifying the possible role of *O2-; in the attenuation of NO showed no supportive evidence. Inhibition of extracellular Ca2+ channel or extracellular and intracellular Ca2+ channels showed data consistent with a case for optimum Ca2+ influx signal favoring iNOS gene expression, accompanied by an elevation in iNOS protein. These data show that Ca2+ influx pattern determines macrophage NO elaboration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Sciences, Univesrity of Wisconsin, Enderis Hall, Room 469, 2400 E. Hartford Avenue, Milwaukee, WI 53211, USA. aazenabo@uwm.edu
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Azenabor
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Job
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Adedokun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D011959:Receptors, Estradiol / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D015220:Calcium Channels; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D011959:Receptors, Estradiol; D013481:Superoxides; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D004958:Estradiol; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D002118:Calcium