title: An integration of composite resin with natural tooth structure: the Class IV restoration.
abstract: Recent developments in adhesive technologies, the design of composite resin materials, and contemporary placement techniques have revolutionized the delivery of minimally invasive direct restorations. The improved handling characteristics available from low-viscosity flowable systems, packable composites, and sculptable small-particle hybrid composites have expanded today's treatment options. In order to achieve a successful and natural-appearing direct composite restoration, the clinician must have a comprehensive knowledge of adhesive dentistry and an understanding of the optical properties of the natural tooth. This article describes a methodological approach for preparing, restoring, and finishing the maxillary central incisors with a small-particle composite.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This article demonstrates the restoration of a Class IV fracture and discusses the anatomic variations of the adjacent teeth to produce a direct composite restoration in harmony with the surrounding dentition. Upon reading this article, the reader should: Be aware of the infrastructure considerations of a composite resin system. Recognize the role of composite resin on development of natural aesthetics and contour.
authors.forename: Douglas A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Terry
authors.forename: Karl F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Leinfelder
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000145:classification / Q000379:methods; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003775:Dental Polishing / Q000379:methods; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000145:classification* / Q000379:methods; D003804:Dentin / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000293:injuries; D008875:Middle Aged; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D013499:Surface Properties; D014070:Tooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D014082:Tooth Fractures / Q000628:therapy; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins