title: Online monitoring of urea concentration in dialysate with dual-beam Fourier-transform near-infrared spectroscopy.
abstract: The robustness of a dual-beam, optical null, Fourier-transform near-infrared (FTNIR) spectrometer was investigated by means of online, near-infrared measurements and predictions of urea concentrations in spent dialysate during hemodialysis treatment. Simple multivariate calibration using a few factors based on a small number of prepared samples provided stable and accurate predictions over a period of 1 month. The calibration was robust when faced with adjustment of reference cell intensity and did not require a daily measured reference spectrum. The root-mean-square error of prediction of urea was 0.4 mM based on a two-factor partial least-squares regression model.
authors.affiliation: Roskilde Technical School, Maglelunden 4, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark. psj@rts.dk
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Snoer Jensen
authors.forename: Jimmy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bak
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ladefoged
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andersson-Engels
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Friis-Hansen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D002138:Calibration; D015314:Dialysis Solutions / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009862:Online Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D014508:Urea / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D015312:Hemodialysis Solutions; D014508:Urea