title: Sprouty proteins regulate ureteric branching by coordinating reciprocal epithelial Wnt11, mesenchymal Gdnf and stromal Fgf7 signalling during kidney development.
abstract: The kidney is a classic model for studying mechanisms of inductive tissue interactions associated with the epithelial branching common to many embryonic organs, but the molecular mechanisms are still poorly known. Sprouty proteins antagonize tyrosine kinases in the Egf and Fgf receptors and are candidate components of inductive signalling in the kidney as well. We have addressed the function of sprouty proteins in vivo by targeted expression of human sprouty 2 (SPRY2) in the ureteric bud, which normally expresses inductive signals and mouse sprouty 2 (Spry2). Ectopic SPRY2 expression led to postnatal death resulting from kidney failure, manifested as unilateral agenesis, lobularization of the organ or reduction in organ size because of inhibition of ureteric branching. The experimentally induced dysmorphology associated with deregulated expression of Wnt11, Gdnf and Fgf7 genes in the early stages of organogenesis indicated a crucial role for sprouty function in coordination of epithelial-mesenchymal and stromal signalling, the sites of expression of these genes. Moreover, Fgf7 induced Spry2 gene expression in vitro and led with Gdnf to a partial rescue of the SPRY2-mediated defect in ureteric branching. Remarkably, it also led to supernumerary epithelial bud formation from the Wolffian duct. Together, these data suggest that Spry genes contribute to reciprocal epithelial-mesenchymal and stromal signalling controlling ureteric branching, which involves the coordination of Ffg/Wnt11/Gdnf pathways.
authors.affiliation: Biocenter Oulu and Department of Biochemistry, Faculties of Science and Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 3000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Shaobing
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yanfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Prunskaite-Hyyryläinen
authors.forename: Reetta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vuolteenaho
authors.forename: Petri
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Itäranta
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vainio
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002455:Cell Division; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000196:embryology; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007668:Kidney / Q000196:embryology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D019076:Transgenes; D014513:Ureter / Q000196:embryology*; D051153:Wnt Proteins
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C496453:FGF7 protein, human; C496454:Fgf7 protein, mouse; C495039:GDNF protein, human; C495040:Gdnf protein, mouse; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D006023:Glycoproteins; D006133:Growth Substances; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D011506:Proteins; C485561:SPRY2 protein, human; D051153:Wnt Proteins; C110486:sty protein, Drosophila; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C118389:Spry2 protein, mouse; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine