Neuroproteomics: expression profiling of the brain's proteomes in health and disease.
The term "proteome" describes the protein complement of a genome. Proteomes of cells are dynamic and are directly affected by environmental factors, such as stress and/or drug treatment, or as a result of aging and disease. One of the distinct advantages of proteomic analysis, not attainable with RNA expression data, is the ability to fractionate the cell's proteins into various subpopulations. In neuroscience, "neuromics" (proteomics in the central nervous system) is in its infancy, with a paucity of studies in the context of the brain. One of the objectives of this review is to illustrate the potential of neuromics to profile differences in the distribution of thousands of proteins as a function of disease markers. We have previously used this approach to determine the effects of varied postmortem interval in examining human brain tissue and to identify biomarkers. Here we review proteomic studies of schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease. Experimental results regarding Parkinson's disease are presented to illustrate the potential of neuromics to identify pathways of pathogenesis and novel therapeutic targets.
Kim
Sandra I
SI
Midwest Proteome Center, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Finch University of Health Sciences/Chicago Medical School, North Chicago, Illinois 60064, USA.
Voshol
Hans
H
van Oostrum
Jan
J
Hastings
Terri G
TG
Cascio
Michael
M
Glucksman
Marc J
MJ
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000235:genetics; D020543:Proteome; D012016:Reference Values; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics
D020543:Proteome