title: Do type and token effects reflect different mechanisms? Connectionist modeling of Dutch past-tense formation and final devoicing.
abstract: In this paper, we show that both token and type-based effects in lexical processing can result from a single, token-based, system, and therefore, do not necessarily reflect different levels of processing. We report three Simple Recurrent Networks modeling Dutch past-tense formation. These networks show token-based frequency effects and type-based analogical effects closely matching the behavior of human participants when producing past-tense forms for both existing verbs and pseudo-verbs. The third network covers the full vocabulary of Dutch, without imposing predefined linguistic structure on the input or output words.
authors.affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, University of Nijmegen, 6500 AH Nijmegen, The Netherlands. fermin.moscoso-del-prado@mpi.nl
authors.forename: Fermín
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moscoso del Prado Martín
authors.forename: Mirjam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ernestus
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harald Baayen
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D008037:Linguistics; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009426:Netherlands; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D010700:Phonetics