title: Lysophospholipid receptors: signaling and biology.
abstract: Lysophospholipids (LPs), such as lysophosphatidic acid and sphingosine 1-phosphate, are membrane-derived bioactive lipid mediators. LPs can affect fundamental cellular functions, which include proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, adhesion, invasion, and morphogenesis. These functions influence many biological processes that include neurogenesis, angiogenesis, wound healing, immunity, and carcinogenesis. In recent years, identification of multiple cognate G protein-coupled receptors has provided a mechanistic framework for understanding how LPs play such diverse roles. Generation of LP receptor-null animals has allowed rigorous examination of receptor-mediated physiological functions in vivo and has identified new functions for LP receptor signaling. Efforts to develop LP receptor subtype-specific agonists/antagonists are in progress and raise expectations for a growing collection of chemical tools and potential therapeutic compounds. The rapidly expanding literature on the LP receptors is herein reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, National Institute of Neuroscience, NCNP, Kodaira, Tokyo 187-8502, Japan. isao@ncnp.go.jp
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Xiaoqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Jerold
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D008024:Ligands; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D009420:Nervous System / Q000378:metabolism; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D051381:Rats; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D008246:Lysophospholipids; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D049312:Receptors, Lysophospholipid