Long-term memory B-cell responses in recipients of candidate human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vaccines.
The efficacy and practical application of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) vaccines may depend in part on the longevity of the immune responses generated, particularly those in the memory compartment. Candidate vaccines based on the HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins generate binding and neutralizing antibodies in humans but there have been no prior studies on the long-term persistence and recall of those responses. We evaluated six healthy, HIV non-infected adults who had received a combination of recombinant canarypox HIV-1 vaccines boosted by gp120 and who had achieved a high serum titer of neutralizing antibody to HIV-1 MN. These individuals were administered a gp160 boost 4-5 years after their last vaccination. Four volunteers had detectable binding and neutralizing antibodies at the time of boosting and all six volunteers exhibited a recall binding and neutralizing antibody response. The antibodies neutralized multiple T cell line-adapted (TCLA) strains of virus, including the vaccine strain, but not primary isolates. These results demonstrate that memory B-cell responses can last for many years following HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein immunization. In principle, similar long-term memory may be possible with improved immunogens that generate broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies.
Evans
Thomas G
TG
Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California, Davis, Sacramento, CA 92121 USA. tevans@vical.com
Frey
Sharon
S
Israel
Heidi
H
Chiu
Joseph
J
El-Habib
Raphaelle
R
Gilbert
Peter
P
Gaitan
Alicia
A
Montefiori
David C
DC
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160 / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D019302:HIV Envelope Protein gp160; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic