title: Molecular and cellular biomarker responses to pesticide exposure in juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha).
abstract: We determined the effects of two pesticides, chlorpyrifos and esfenvalerate in juvenile Chinook salmon. Four to five month old salmon were exposed to a range of pesticide concentrations, and tissue samples of surviving fish were analyzed for stress protein expression, cytokine transcription, and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. At the highest concentrations, both pesticides led to complete mortality, whereas medium and low concentrations resulted in high survival rates. Significant differences in stress protein expression, cytokine transcription and AChE activity were found between control and surviving chlorpyrifos-exposed fish. Elevated stress protein expression was the only detectable response to esfenvalerate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Aquatic Toxicology Program, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA. kjeder@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Kai J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Eder
authors.forename: Christian M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Leutenegger
authors.forename: Barry W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Ingeborg
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Werner
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009026:Mortality; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism; D009570:Nitriles; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D012474:Salmon / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; C017690:fenvalerate