title: Cognitive- and motor-related regions in Parkinson's disease: FDOPA and FDG PET studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Using 6-[(18)F]fluoro-L-dopa (FDOPA) and [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucoce (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET), multiple regression analyses were performed to determine the specific brain regions that are related to cognitive and motor symptoms in nondemented patients with Parkinson's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spatially normalized images of FDOPA influx rate constant (Ki) values and relative regional cerebral metabolic rates for glucose (rrCMRglc) were created. Raven's Coloured Progressive Matrices (RCPM) scores and the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) motor scores were used to determine the patients' cognitive and motor functions, respectively. Multiple correlation analyses between the FDOPA and FDG images and the cognitive and motor scores were performed for each voxel.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RCPM score was significantly positively correlated with the FDOPA Ki in the left hippocampus and with the rrCMRglc in the left middle frontal gyrus and right retrosplenial cortex. Motor function was significantly positively correlated with the FDOPA Ki in the bilateral striatum and with the rrCMRglc in association areas and primary visual cortex. The level of motor function was significantly inversely correlated with the FDOPA Ki in the anterior cingulate gyrus and with the rrCMRglc in bilateral primary motor cortex and right putamen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes of striatal FDOPA uptake and rrCMRglc in the primary motor cortex likely represent dysfunction in the motor system involving the corticobasal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. Change of FDOPA uptake in the anterior cingulate gyrus may be related to up-regulation of dopamine synthesis in surviving dopamine neurons. The regions where correlation with cognitive function was observed belong to a cognitive frontoparietal-hippocampal network.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biofunctional Research, National Institute for Longevity Sciences, Obu, Japan. anagano@sannet.ne.jp
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagano-Saito
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arahata
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Washimi
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Katsushige
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwai
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawasumi
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kachi
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dagher
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
mesh_terms: D001692:Biological Transport; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012044:Regression Analysis; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed
chemical_list: D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; C043437:fluorodopa F 18; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine