title: Spatial and temporal variation of biomarkers in mussels (Mytilus galloprovincialis) from the Lagoon of Venice, Italy.
abstract: A multiple biomarker approach was adopted in a seasonal study carried out in the Lagoon of Venice, with the double aim of evaluating the natural and anthropic stresses influencing the biological responses of mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) and of assessing the effects due to spatial rather than temporal variations. Biochemical (aldehyde dehydrogenase and catalase activities), cellular (neutral red retention time) and physiological (survival in air and condition index) biomarkers were determined in mussels collected in four differently impacted lagoon areas. Multivariate analysis showed that samples were distributed mainly according to temperature and four seasonal groups were identified. The combination of spatial and temporal information enabled us to distinguish physiological variations due to natural causes from those due to anthropic stress, and to identify the sampling period when several biomarkers are less influenced by both natural and endogenous factors.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Marine Science, Marine Biology, ISMAR-CNR, Venice 30122, Italy.
authors.forename: Nicoletta
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nesto
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertoldo
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nasci
authors.forename: Luisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Da Ros
mesh_terms: D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D001824:Body Constitution / Q000502:physiology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D007558:Italy; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009499:Neutral Red / Q000378:metabolism; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012621:Seasons; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D009499:Neutral Red; D002374:Catalase; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase