title: Mood improvement after surgery for obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may experience unfavorable psychologic symptoms such as depression and anxiety. The aim of this study was to confirm this hypothesis and to investigate whether the psychologic symptoms among OSA patients can be relieved by surgical intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, longitudinal intervention study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 5-Item Mental Health scale (MH-5) was used to evaluate the postoperative changes of mood after extended uvulopalatal flap (EUPF) surgery on 84 Taiwanese patients with OSA. The preoperative and postoperative MH-5 data obtained from these patients were compared with a Taiwanese population norm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before surgery, the MH-5 scores of the OSA patients were significantly worse than the Taiwanese population norm of 72.8 (P <.0001). Postoperatively, mean MH-5 scores significantly increased from 61.8 +/- 16.0 to 70.0 +/- 15.8 (P =.0006). The effect size of this score change was 0.51, indicating a moderate degree of mood improvement. However, this score was still inferior to that of the population norm (P =.0045). The mood improvement was not significantly associated with the changes in either sleep apnea events or the level of sleepiness. Neither the changes in respiratory disturbance index (P =.4382), maximum arterial oxygen saturation (P =.4866), nor the change in Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores (P =.4951) were predictive of the MH-5 score improvement (R = 0.07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that patients with OSA had a higher level of anxiety, depression, and probable behavior or personality changes than the population norm. EUPF surgery could significantly improve the mood status among OSA patients; the effect of surgery was mild but clinically relevant. However, the extent of mood improvement experienced by OSA patients receiving operations may not simply be attributable to the changes in sleep apnea events or a reduced level of sleepiness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Hsueh-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu-Shu
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ning-Hung
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tung-Jen
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Chia-Yih
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Pa-Chun
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome