title: Interplay between SERCA and sarcolemmal Ca2+ efflux pathways controls spontaneous release of Ca2+ from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in rat ventricular myocytes.
abstract: Waves of calcium-induced calcium release occur in a variety of cell types and have been implicated in the origin of cardiac arrhythmias. We have investigated the effects of inhibiting the SR Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA) with the reversible inhibitor 2',5'-di(tert-butyl)-1,4-benzohydroquinone (TBQ) on the properties of these waves. Cardiac myocytes were voltage clamped at a constant potential between -65 and -40 mV and spontaneous waves evoked by increasing external Ca(2+) concentration to 4 mm. Application of 100 microm TBQ decreased the frequency of waves. This was associated with increases of resting [Ca(2+)](i), the time constant of decay of [Ca(2+)](i) and the integral of the accompanying Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchange current. There was also a decrease in propagation velocity of the waves. There was an increase of the calculated Ca(2+) efflux per wave. The SR Ca(2+) content when a wave was about to propagate decreased to 91.7 +/- 3.2%. The period between waves increased in direct proportion to the Ca(2+) efflux per wave meaning that TBQ had no effect on the Ca(2+) efflux per unit time. We conclude that (i) decreased wave frequency is not a direct consequence of decreased Ca(2+) pumping by SERCA between waves but, rather, to more Ca(2+) loss on each wave; (ii) inhibiting SERCA increases the chance of spontaneous Ca(2+) release propagating at a given SR content.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Cardiac Physiology, 1.525 Stopford Building, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, UK. stephen.c.o'neill@man.ac.uk
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hinch
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Eisner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D012508:Sarcolemma / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium