title: Combining laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding and biliopancreatic diversion after failed bariatric surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A percentage of all types of bariatric surgery will fail. Our experience with failed biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) as a primary operation or revision operation for failed laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) convinced us that uncontrolled hunger is often the underlying cause. To control hunger after failed bariatric surgery,a novel approach combining LAGB with BPD-duodenal switch (DS) has been tried.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had failed to lose weight after BPD or LAGB were considered in 2 groups. Group 1: patients who had failed LAGB underwent laparoscopic BPD-DS without sleeve gastrectomy, with the LAGB left in-situ. Group 2: patients who had failed primary (subgroup 2a) or revision (subgroup 2b) BPD had a LAGB placed with no other revision of their surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  11 patients have undergone this form of revision surgery with little morbidity. Mean age at the original operation was 45 years, mean (range) BMI was 45.3 (38-62) kg/m(2). After the reoperation, at 3 months (9 patients) mean BMI was 30 kg/m(2) and at 6 months (4 patients) mean BMI was 27 kg/m(2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this small study, combination surgery was safe and effective for failed BPD or LAGB. LAGB failure may be best managed with DS malabsorption without gastric resection.
authors.affiliation: Wesley Obesity Clinic, Wesley Hospital, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. guyslater@runbox.com
authors.forename: Guy H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Slater
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Fielding
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015904:Biliopancreatic Diversion / Q000379:methods*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D005260:Female; D015391:Gastroplasty / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006815:Hunger; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012086:Reoperation