title: Controlled hypotension for spinal surgery.
abstract: Controlled, deliberate hypotension during anesthesia for major spinal surgery reduces intraoperative blood loss and transfusion requirement. Hypotension may be achieved with increased doses of volatile anesthetic agents or by continuous infusion of vasodilating drugs. Safe application of this technique requires knowledge of the physiology of hemorrhagic shock and close intraoperative monitoring to avoid vasoconstriction and end-organ ischemia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Trauma Anesthesiology, R. Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center, University of Maryland Medical System, 22 South Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. rdutton@umaryland.edu.
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dutton
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D006801:Humans; D007023:Hypotension, Controlled / Q000379:methods*; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D013131:Spine / Q000601:surgery*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D014665:Vasodilator Agents