title: Depth of cervical stromal invasion as a prognostic factor after radical surgery for early stage cervical cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the United Kingdom, the Royal College of Pathologists have issued guidelines detailing how the depth of stromal invasion (DOI) in cervical cancer should be measured as a percentage of the overall cervical radius in millimeters. Several studies have found the assessment of the depth of stromal invasion by cancer of the cervix to be of prognostic value. These studies did not take into account patients whose diagnostic procedures required removal of much tumor (large loop excision of the transformation zone [LLETZ] and knife cone biopsies). Furthermore, the Royal College of Pathologists guidelines do not address this issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Over the period of 6 years, 228 women had radical hysterectomy (RH) for stage Ib/IIa cervical cancer. The percentage of the depth of stromal invasion was measured according to the Royal College of Pathologist's guidelines in the UK. Patients who had large loop excision of the transformation zone and knife cone biopsies were excluded (91 patients).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A Cox regression analysis showed that when nodal involvement, depth of stromal invasion, endothelial lined space invasion (ELSI), and tumor type were fitted simultaneously, only nodal involvement remained as a marker of adverse outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We recommend that when the DOI is measured, account should be taken of the LLETZ/knife cone biopsy size. A randomized controlled trial, which concludes that DOI is an independent prognostic factor, is needed. Until this is properly evaluated, we feel that including DOI as an essential part of the standard pathological report is not warranted.
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Royal Alexandra Hospital, Paisley, UK. allamgoweini@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Allam
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feely
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Millan
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nevin
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Nadeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
mesh_terms: D003127:Colposcopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000473:pathology; D015996:Survival Rate; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*