title: Effect of high concentration of Co (II) on Enterobacter liquefaciens strain C-1: a bacterium highly resistant to heavy metals with an unknown genome.
abstract: Heavy metals are required as nutrients for essential functions in microorganisms. However, higher concentrations of these cations are generally toxic and may produce contrasting effects on living organisms. Enterobacter liquefaciens strain C-1, a bacterium isolated from the Moa mine in Cuba, is able to survive in the presence of high concentrations of heavy metals. The proteomes of Enterobacter liquefaciens strain C-1, grown under aerobic conditions in the presence and absence of Co (II) were compared using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis in the isoelectric point range of 4-7 and the mass range of 15-120 kDa. Significant changes in the expression level (> two-fold) were detected for 13 spots: seven and six were up- and down-regulated, respectively. Because the genome of this bacterium is unknown, identification by peptide mass fingerprinting only succeeded in four cases and most of the cross-species identifications were supported by de novo sequencing of tryptic peptides followed by sequence alignment using the MS BLAST program. Twelve different proteins were identified, ten are involved in cellular antioxidant defence probably induced by the presence of Co (II). This is the first step towards understanding the role of proteins participating in the mechanism of resistance to heavy metals in this bacterium.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Biology, University of Havana, Havana, Cuba.
authors.forename: Jeannette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marrero
authors.forename: Luis Javier
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Aniel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ayala
authors.forename: Dalila
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paz-Lago
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Adyary
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fallarero
authors.forename: Lila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Castellanos-Serra
authors.forename: Orquídea
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Coto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D003035:Cobalt / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D004754:Enterobacter / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D007526:Isoelectric Point; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014357:Trypsin; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D003035:Cobalt; D014357:Trypsin