Eating behaviours, dietary profile and body composition according to dieting history in men and women of the Québec Family Study.
The purpose of the present cross-sectional study was to compare eating behaviours (cognitive dietary restraint, disinhibition and susceptibility to hunger), dietary profile and physiological variables according to the practice of dieting: current dieting; history of dieting in the 10-year period that preceded the study; no dieting during the same period. Dieting history, anthropometric markers of adiposity, RMR, dietary profile (3 d food record) and eating behaviours (three-factor eating questionnaire) were determined in a sample of 244 men and 352 women. A greater proportion of women (31.8 %) than men (16.8 %) reported that they had been on a diet over the past 10 years (P=0.0001). In both genders, current and past dieters had a higher BMI (P<0.05) than non-dieters and current dieters had lower reported energy intakes than past dieters and non-dieters (only in women) (P<0.05). Current and past dieters also had higher scores for all eating behaviours and their subscales (P<0.05; except for susceptibility to hunger in men) compared with non-dieters (adjusted for age, reported energy intake, percentage of dietary fat, BMI and RMR). Moreover, for each dieting-history category, women had significantly higher scores for cognitive dietary restraint than men (P<0.05). In conclusion, the present study showed that current and past dieters had higher scores for cognitive dietary restraint and disinhibition compared with non-dieters. As disinhibition has previously been associated with a greater risk of subsequent weight gain, interventions aimed at preventing an increase in disinhibition may be promising for long-term weight maintenance.
Provencher
Véronique
V
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Laval University, Ste-Foy, Québec, Canada, G1K 7P4.
Drapeau
Vicky
V
Tremblay
Angelo
A
Després
Jean-Pierre
JP
Bouchard
Claude
C
Lemieux
Simone
S
D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000523:psychology*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011792:Quebec; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires