title: The prolongation of triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori does not allow reaching therapeutic outcome of sequential scheme: a prospective, randomised study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  One-week triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori revealed, during these last few years, a decrease in the eradication rate, so that the prolongation of its duration has been proposed. A sequential scheme recently showed very satisfactory results. We performed a prospective randomised study with the aim of either evaluating whether the triple therapy prolongation may improve its effectiveness and comparing its outcome with that of sequential regimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and forty-two H. pylori positive patients completed the study. They were randomised to receive one of the following treatments: (i) a 7-day triple therapy comprising of rabeprazole (20 mg, b.i.d.) plus clarithromycin (500 mg, b.i.d.) and amoxycillin (1 g, b.i.d.); (ii) a 10-day triple therapy comprising the same scheme; (iii) a 10-day sequential regimen comprising of rabeprazole (20 mg, b.i.d.) plus amoxycillin (1 g, b.i.d.) for 5 days followed by rabeprazole (20 mg, b.i.d.) plus clarithromycin (500 mg, b.i.d.) and tinidazole (500 mg, b.i.d.) for the next 5 days. Therapeutic results were expressed using both intention-to-treat and per protocol analyses with 95% confidence intervals. A model of multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed using therapeutic outcome as a dependent variable and including endoscopic finding, smoking habit, age and sex as candidates for the model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sequential regimen showed a significant gain in the eradication rate as compared to the 7-day (P < 0.0001) and the 10-day (P < 0.01) triple therapies, respectively. Overall eradication was lower in smokers than in non-smokers, but the difference remained significant only in the 7-day triple therapy (P < 0.01). Additionally, the overall eradication was higher in peptic ulcer than dyspepsia (P < 0.01), even if this difference was significant only for both triple therapies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Seven-day triple therapy achieves disappointing eradication rates in dyspeptics and smokers. Prolonging triple therapy to 10 days does not significantly improve the eradication rate. The novel 10-day sequential regimen is more effective and equally tolerated than the 10-day triple therapy.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, University of Foggia, Riuniti Hospital, Viale L. Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Francesco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zullo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Della Valle
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pietrini
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Minenna
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Winn
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Monno
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stoppino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Panella
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ierardi
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D000994:Antitrichomonal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D064750:Rabeprazole; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D014011:Tinidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000191:economics; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D000994:Antitrichomonal Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D014011:Tinidazole; D064750:Rabeprazole; D000658:Amoxicillin; D017291:Clarithromycin; D009853:Omeprazole