title: Cyclooxygenase-1-dependent prostaglandin synthesis modulates tumor necrosis factor-alpha secretion in lipopolysaccharide-challenged murine resident peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: Comprehensive studies of prostaglandin (PG) synthesis in murine resident peritoneal macrophages (RPM) responding to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) revealed that the primary PGs produced by RPM were prostacyclin and PGE(2). Detectable increases in net PG formation occurred within the first hour, and maximal PG formation had occurred by 6-10 h after LPS addition. Free arachidonic acid levels rose and peaked at 1-2 h after LPS addition and then returned to baseline. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and microsomal PGE synthase levels markedly increased upon exposure of RPM to LPS, with the most rapid increases in protein expression occurring 2-6 h after addition of the stimulus. RPM constitutively expressed high levels of COX-1. Studies using isoform-selective inhibitors and RPM from mice bearing targeted deletions of ptgs-1 and ptgs-2 demonstrated that COX-1 contributes significantly to PG synthesis in RPM, especially during the initial 1-2 h after LPS addition. Selective inhibition of either COX isoform resulted in increased secretion of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha); however, this effect was much greater with the COX-1 than with the COX-2 inhibitor. These results demonstrate autocrine regulation of TNF-alpha secretion by endogenous PGs synthesized primarily by COX-1 in RPM and suggest that COX-1 may play a significant role in the regulation of the early response to endotoxemia.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Biochemistry and Chemistry, Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University School of medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146. c.rouzer@vanderbilt.edu
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rouzer
authors.forename: Phillip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kingsley
authors.forename: Haibin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jason D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: Sudhansu K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.forename: Lawrence J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Marnett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004731:Endotoxins; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011453:Prostaglandins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse