title: Association of IL-1 RN*2 allele and methionine synthase 2756 AA genotype with dementia severity of sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genetic polymorphisms of APO-E, homocysteine, and the IL-1 gene cluster (IL-1A, IL-1B, receptor antagonist IL-1RN) are associated with sporadic Alzheimer's disease and may involve interdependent pathways of neuronal toxicity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether these polymorphisms and the genetic determinants of homocysteine (methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase, MTHFR; methionine synthase, MTR; transcobalamin, TC) are associated with an increased risk of severe dementia in Alzheimer's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  152 patients with Alzheimer's disease and 136 controls were studied. The association of occurrence and dementia severity (Reisberg score <6 and >or=6) of Alzheimer's disease with APO-E, IL-1A, IL-1B, IL-1RN, MTHFR677 C-->T and 1298A-->C, MTR 2756 A-->G, and TC 776 C-->G polymorphisms was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis after adjustment for age, sex, and age of onset of Alzheimer's disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IL-1A TT and IL-1B CT/TT associated genotypes were at risk of Alzheimer's disease (odds ratio 4.80 (95% confidence interval, 1.32 to 17.40), p = 0.017); the MTR 2756 AA genotype was at risk of severe dementia (OR 2.97 (1.23 to 7.21), p = 0.016); IL-1 RN*2 was protective (OR 0.28, (0.11 to 0.69), p = 0.006). Allele epsilon4 of the APO-E and IL-1B CC genotypes increased the risk of severe Alzheimer's disease associated with the MTR 2756 AA genotype by 3.3-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Distinct determinants of the IL-1 gene cluster are related to the generation and progression of Alzheimer's disease. MTR only influences progression of the disease, which may be enhanced by carriage of allele epsilon4 of APO-E.
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Associazione Oasi Maria SS, Institute for Research on Mental Retardation and Brain Aging, Troina, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bosco
authors.forename: R-M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Guéant-Rodríguez
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Anello
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Namour
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Spada
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Caraci
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tringali
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ferri
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Guéant
mesh_terms: D013766:5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D007375:Interleukin-1; D006710:Homocysteine; D013766:5-Methyltetrahydrofolate-Homocysteine S-Methyltransferase