title: Albumin-coupled methotrexate (MTX-HSA) is a new anti-arthritic drug which acts synergistically to MTX.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the anti-arthritic effects of the new inflammation-targeted drug MTX-HSA and to investigate whether peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) are potential target cells for albumin-mediated drug delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The murine model of collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) was used to measure the anti-arthritic effect of MTX, MTX-HSA or a combination of both (n = 30 to 35 per group). In addition, the uptake of fluorescence-labelled albumin (AFLc-HSA) in PBMC of 14 patients with RA was measured by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In equivalent doses of 7.5 mg/kg intravenously (IV) twice a week, MTX-HSA is significantly (P<0.02) superior to MTX in inhibiting the development of CIA and reducing the joint count as well as the number of affected paws. When given in lower doses as combination therapy, both drugs act synergistically (P<0.03). A mean of 96, 72 and 64% of the CD14-, CD16- and CD20-positive cells from peripheral blood of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients showed an uptake of albumin after incubation with AFLc-HSA in vitro. This finding was not significantly different in comparison to healthy controls. In contrast, the number of CD3-positive cells taking up albumin is increased significantly in RA patients in comparison to controls (26.3 +/- 12.9% s.d. vs 11.6 +/- 7.3% s.d.; P = 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data show that the effectiveness of MTX-HSA in CIA is superior to MTX and that both drugs act synergistically. In addition, albumin appears to be taken up by peripheral blood cells, suggesting that they might be one of the potential target cells of this novel anti-arthritic treatment approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, University of Regensburg, D-93042 Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fiehn
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Müller-Ladner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gay
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Krienke
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Freudenberg-Konrad
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Funk
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sinn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wunder
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003094:Collagen; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051379:Mice; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D024043:Collagen Type II; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004338:Drug Combinations; D012709:Serum Albumin; C040811:methotrexate-serum albumin; D003094:Collagen; D008727:Methotrexate