title: [Pharyngoesophageal stenosis following surgery and radiotherapy in patients with advanced laryngeal cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our objectives were to 1) know the frequency of pharyngoesophageal stenosis in patients with clinical stage III transglottic laryngeal cancer (LCa Stage III) post-surgery and radiotherapy, and to 2) describe clinical, radiologic, and endoscopic characteristics of pharyngeal-esophageal stenoses and response to dilations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a series of consecutive cases from 1997-2000 at the National Cancer Institute (INCan) in Mexico City and included patients with transglottic (LCa Stage III) post-surgery and -radiotherapy. We evaluated dysphagia and stenosis (length, diameter, and localization) by radiology and endoscopy before and after surgery and radiotherapy. Statistical method was descriptive.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sixty five of 197 cases (33%) with laryngeal cancer were transglottic and 52 (26.3%) were clinical stage III. Patients were treated with total laryngectomy and pharyngo-esophageal "Y" stent and post-operative radiotherapy with average 7,000 cGy total dose. Thirteen patients (25%) presented pharyngo-esophageal stenosis. There was no pre-operative dysphagia; dysphagia was present in five patients post-surgery and in all after radiotherapy. In all cases, stenoses were simple and were treated with Savary Guillard-guided endoscopic dilation with an average of five sessions. Five of 13 patients (38.5%) had persistent dysphagia: two due to fibrosis, two due to loco-regional recurrences, and one due to recurrence in pharyngo-esophageal closure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A total of 197 cases of laryngeal cancer were present during this period; 33% were transglottic, the majority in clinical stage III. Global frequency of stenosis was 25%; all cases were simple. Endoscopic dilations were useful in absence of fibrosis, extrinsic compression, and tumor recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Endoscopia, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, México, D.F.
authors.forename: Ana Alicia
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rosales Solís
authors.forename: Angélica
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernández-Guerrero
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sobrino Cossío
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frías Medívil
authors.forename: Víctor Huggo
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Córdova Pluma
authors.forename: Martín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Granados García
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Herrera Gómez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies