Weight-control behaviors among adolescent girls and boys: implications for dietary intake.
OBJECTIVE
To examine associations between healthful and unhealthful weight-control behaviors and dietary intake among adolescents.


METHODS
Cross-sectional survey (Project EAT [Eating Among Teens]).Subjects/Setting The study population included 4144 middle and high school students from Minneapolis/St. Paul public schools from diverse racial and socioeconomic backgrounds. Statistical analyses Dietary intake patterns were compared across adolescent girls and boys reporting unhealthful, only healthful, or no weight-control behaviors in unadjusted analyses and analyses adjusted for sociodemographic factors and energy intake.


RESULTS
Among girls, mean intakes differed across weight-control behaviors for all foods and nutrients examined. P values ranged from P=.006 to P<.001. Girls using unhealthful weight-control behaviors had significantly lower intakes of fruit; vegetables; grains; calcium; iron; vitamins A, C, and B-6; folate; and zinc than girls using only healthful weight-control behaviors. Compared with girls reporting no weight-control behaviors, girls using unhealthful weight-control behaviors had lower intakes of grains, calcium, iron, vitamin B-6, folate, and zinc. In contrast to the girls, boys reporting unhealthful weight-control behaviors did not have poorer dietary intakes than boys not using weight-control behaviors or using only healthful behaviors. Among boys, there were no significant differences in mean intakes of vegetables; grains; calcium; iron; vitamins A, C, and B-6; folate; and zinc. Furthermore, boys using unhealthful weight-control behaviors had higher fruit intakes (P=.002) than boys reporting no weight-control behaviors.


CONCLUSIONS
Adolescent girls who engage in unhealthful weight-control behaviors are at increased risk for dietary inadequacy. The findings demonstrate a need for interventions to prevent unhealthful weight-control behaviors in adolescent girls, and to promote healthful weight-control behaviors when indicated.
Neumark-Sztainer
Dianne
D
Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55454, USA. Neumark@epi.umn.edu
Hannan
Peter J
PJ
Story
Mary
M
Perry
Cheryl L
CL
D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet / Q000592:standards*; D004435:Eating; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009753:Nutritive Value; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors