title: Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin after single intravenous and repeat oral administration to cats.
abstract: The pharmacokinetic properties of ciprofloxacin, a second-generation fluoroquinolone, were investigated in six cats after single intravenous and repeat oral administration at a dosage of 10 mg/kg b.i.d. Ciprofloxacin serum concentration was analyzed by microbiological assay using Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 10031 as microorganism test. Serum ciprofloxacin disposition was best fitted to a bicompartmental and a monocompartmental open models with first-order elimination after intravenous and oral dosing respectively. After intravenous administration, distribution was rapid (t(1/2(d)), 0.22 +/- 0.23 h) and wide as reflected by the steady-state volume of distribution of 3.85 +/- 1.34 L/kg. Furthermore, elimination was rapid with a plasma clearance of 0.64 +/- 0.28 L/h.kg and a t(1/2(el)) of 4.53 +/- 0.74 h. After repeat oral administration, absorption was rapid with a half-life of 0.23 +/- 0.22 h and T(max) of 1.30 +/- 0.67 h. However bioavailability was low (33 +/- 12%), the peak plasma concentration at steady-state was 1.26 +/- 0.67 microg/mL. Drug accumulation was not significant after seven oral administrations. When efficacy predictors were estimated ciprofloxacin showed a good profile against gram-negative bacteria when administered either intravenously or orally, although its efficacy against gram-positive microorganisms is lower.
authors.affiliation: Area de Farmacología, Departamento de Fisiopatología y Etiopatogenia, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Albarellos
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Kreil
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Landoni
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002415:Cats / Q000378:metabolism*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D019155:Veterinary Drugs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D019155:Veterinary Drugs; D002939:Ciprofloxacin