title: Solitary plasmacytoma of the skull: immunohistochemical study of angiogenic factors and syndecan-1--two case reports.
abstract: Two cases of solitary plasmacytomas of the skull are presented, and some biological aspects of the tumor examined. A 75-year-old woman presented with a tumor in the right parietal region. The serum level of immunoglobulin G (IgG) was high and a urine test for Bence Jones protein was negative. A reddish vascular mass was totally removed at surgery. The serum level of IgG was within normal limits after the operation. Postoperative radiotherapy was not performed. A 58-year-old woman presented with a tumor in the occipital region. Serum levels of Igs were within normal limits. A urine test for Bence Jones protein was positive for Ig kappa chain. Bone marrow aspiration revealed no evidence of systemic myelomatosis. The tumor mass was totally removed at surgery and she received local radiation therapy (total 50 Gy). Three months after the surgery, Bence Jones protein (kappa chain) was detected in both the urine and serum and bone scintigraphy showed a weak hot spot in the iliac bone, suggesting development to multiple myeloma. Immunohistochemical studies showed that most tumor cells were positive for vascular endothelial growth factor and syndecan-1, and some tumor cells were strongly positive for basic fibroblast growth factor in both cases. The Ki-67 staining indices were 11.3% and 15.6%. Tumor tissues were negative for p53. These results suggest that solitary plasmacytoma of the skull expresses the angiogenic factors, vascular endothelial growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor, in accordance with the high vascularity of the tumors, and syndecan-1 may be an immunohistochemical marker of solitary plasmacytoma of the skull.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Yamanashi Faculty of Medicine, Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi, Japan. nagahiro@yamanashi.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naganuma
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakatsume
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugita
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asahara
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nukui
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010954:Plasmacytoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D012888:Skull Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000601:surgery; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; C508241:SDC1 protein, human; D053668:Syndecan-1; D053667:Syndecans; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2