The role of the calcium-sensing receptor in epidermal differentiation.
Calcium regulates the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes both in vivo and in vitro. Elevated extracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o) raises the intracellular free calcium ([Ca2+]i) and activates differentiation-related genes. Cells lacking the calcium-sensing receptor (CaR) fail to respond to [Ca2+]o and to differentiate, indicating a role for CaR in keratinocyte differentiation. These concepts derived from in vitro experiments have been tested and confirmed in two mouse models.
Tu
Chia-Ling
CL
Department of Medicine, Veteran Affairs Medical Center, University of California and Endocrine Unit, San Francisco, CA 94121, USA. ctu@itsa.ucsf.edu
Oda
Yuko
Y
Komuves
Laszlo
L
Bikle
Daniel D
DD
D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D004817:Epidermis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing; D002118:Calcium