title: Evidence for interaction between the TCO and NMTC1 loci in familial non-medullary thyroid cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Familial non-medullary thyroid cancer (fNMTC) is a complex genetic disorder that is more aggressive than its sporadic counterpart. Thus far, three genetic loci have been implicated in susceptibility to fNMTC by linkage analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used linkage analysis to test the significance of two of the known susceptibility loci for fNMTC, TCO on 19p13 and NMTC1 on 2q21 in 10 fNMTC families, nine of which present with cell oxyphilia, a rare histological phenotype associated with TCO. Furthermore, we used two-locus linkage analysis to examine the possibility that the TCO and NMTC1 loci interact to increase the risk of NMTC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 10 families provided evidence for linkage at both TCO and NMTC, with LOD scores of 1.56 and 2.85, respectively. Two-locus linkage analysis, using a multiplicative risk model for the development of NMTC, achieved a maximum LOD of 3.92, with an LOD of 4.51 when assuming 70% of families were linked, indicating that the segregation in these families is consistent with an interaction model. Most of this evidence came from a large Tyrolean family that singularly achieved a two-locus LOD of 3.21.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide further evidence that susceptibility genes for fNMTC exist at 19p13 and 2q21, and furthermore, raise the possibility that in a subset of fNMTC pedigrees, these loci interact resulting in significantly increased risk of NMTC for patients that carry both susceptibility loci.
authors.affiliation: Menzies Center for Population Health Research, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lesueur
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stankov
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pastore
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Watfah
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Strolz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Riccabona
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moncayo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romeo
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Goldgar
mesh_terms: D018249:Adenoma, Oxyphilic / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D001315:Australia; D002888:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 19 / Q000235:genetics*; D002889:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008126:Lod Score; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010375:Pedigree; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology