title: P53-independent thermosensitization by mitomycin C in human non-small-cell lung cancer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the relationship between p53 functions and the interactive effects of the combined treatment with mild hyperthermia and mitomycin C.
  
  
  METHODS
  p53-deficient human non-small-cell lung cancer H1299 cells were transfected with a vector carrying a neomycin-resistant gene (neo) or together with a wild-type or mutant p53 gene. Sensitivities of these transfectants to mild hyperthermia at 42 degrees C, mitomycin C (0.05 microg/mL) at 37 degrees C, or the combination treatment were determined by colony formation assay. After these treatments, the induction of apoptosis, the changes in cell cycle distribution, and the accumulation of Hsp72 were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combined treatment resulted in an enhanced cell killing effect in H1299 cells in a p53-independent manner, which was partially the result of an enhancement of heat-induced apoptosis. The treatment also caused a marked G(2)/M arrest in the neo and the mutant p53 cells, but not in the wild-type p53 cells. The subsequent release of G(2)/M arrest was accompanied with an increase in the sub-G(1) fractions. Mitomycin C did not affect the accumulation of Hsp72 induced by hyperthermia in H1299 cells regardless of their p53 gene status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings demonstrate a p53-independent mechanism for an interactively cytotoxic enhancement by combined treatment with mild hyperthermia and mitomycin C.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Radiology and Health Physics, Fukui Medical University, Matsuoka, Fukui, Japan.
authors.forename: Zhao-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hatashita
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohtsubo
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shioura
authors.forename: Ryuhei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kitai
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kano
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000502:physiology*; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009355:Neomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014162:Transfection; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D016685:Mitomycin; D009355:Neomycin