title: Mesoscopic spatial designs of nano- and microfiber meshes for tissue-engineering matrix and scaffold based on newly devised multilayering and mixing electrospinning techniques.
abstract: To design a mesoscopically ordered structure of the matrices and scaffolds composed of nano- and microscale fiber meshes for artificial and tissue-engineering devices, two new electrospinning techniques are proposed: multilayering electrospinning and mixing electrospinning. First, the following four kinds of component polymers were individually electrospun to determine the conditions for producing stable nano- and microfibers by optimizing the formulation parameters (solvent and polymer concentration) and operation parameters (voltage, air gap, and flow rate) for each polymer: (a) type I collagen, (b) styrenated gelatin (ST-gelatin), (c) segmented polyurethane (SPU), and (d) poly(ethylene oxide). A trilayered electrospun mesh, in which individual fiber meshes (type I collagen, ST-gelatin, and SPU) were deposited layer by layer, was formed by sequential electrospinning; this was clearly visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The mixed electrospun-fiber mesh composed of SPU and PEO was prepared by simultaneous electrospinning on a stainless-steel mandrel with high-speed rotation and traverse movement. A bilayered tubular construct composed of a thick SPU microfiber mesh as an outer layer and a thin type I collagen nanofiber mesh as an inner layer was fabricated as a prototype scaffold of artificial grafts, and visualized by scanning electron microscopy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashiku, Fukuoka City, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kidoaki
authors.forename: Il Kuen
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Takehisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000737:chemistry; D012399:Rotation; D013784:Textiles; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D024042:Collagen Type I; D011140:Polyurethanes; C115016:polyetherurethane; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D005780:Gelatin