title: Effect of peripheral biopsies in maximising early prostate cancer detection in 8-, 10- or 12-core biopsy regimens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the cancer detection rate per individual core biopsy in a 12-core protocol and develop an optimal biopsy regimen for detecting early prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 445 new patients who had a 12-core transrectal ultrasonography (TRUS)-guided prostatic biopsy over a 40-month period. The 12- core biopsy protocol included parasagittal sextant and six peripheral biopsies. The cancer detection rate per individual core was evaluated to give an optimal biopsy protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prostate cancer was detected in 142 patients (31.9%). Parasagittal sextant biopsy would have failed to detect 40 (28.2%) of the cancers. Among the various possible biopsy protocols, the optimum 10-core biopsy strategy excluding the parasagittal mid-zone biopsies from the 12-core protocol achieved a cancer detection rate of 98.6%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cancer detection rate increased from 71.8% for parasagittal sextant biopsies to 88.7% by adding peripheral basal biopsies (8-biopsy protocol); 98.6% of cancers in the series would have been detected with a 10-biopsy strategy omitting the parasagittal mid-zone biopsies. Thus we recommend a 10-core protocol incorporating six peripheral biopsies in patients with elevated age- specific prostate-specific antigen levels (2.6-10.0 ng/mL) for maximising cancer detection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Leighton Hospital, Crewe, UK. indianajoe72@yahoo.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Philip
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ragavan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Desouza
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Javlé
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000379:methods*; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional