title: Tremor laryngeal dystonia: treatment of the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle.
abstract: Tremor laryngeal dystonia is a clinical entity distinct from adductor laryngeal dystonia, according to perceptual, stroboscopic, and fine-wire electromyographic findings. Treatment with botulinum toxin has proven more difficult for tremor laryngeal dystonia than for adductor laryngeal dystonia, yet no treatment variations have been considered that might produce improved clinical results. We present 81 patients with a clinical presentation of tremor laryngeal dystonia who were treated with a variety of approaches with botulinum toxin. On the basis of both fine-wire electromyographic findings and clinical response, currently 44 of those patients are being followed up after at least 3 injections. Twenty-one patients (48%) are maintained on lateral cricoarytenoid injections, and 23 (52%) are maintained on thyroarytenoid muscle injections. The electromyographic findings of this group are presented along with their clinical outcome. According to our findings, the majority of patients with tremor laryngeal dystonia can be successfully treated with botulinum toxin if the practitioner includes injections to the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle as a treatment option.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Washington Medical Center, Box 356515,1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Nicole C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Maronian
authors.forename: Patricia F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Waugh
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Allen D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Hillel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004421:Dystonia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D007821:Laryngeal Muscles / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008297:Male; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D014202:Tremor / Q000503:physiopathology; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A