title: Calpain-10 haplotype combination and association with gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a frequent complication of pregnancy. Epidemiologic and pathophysiologic data suggest a close link of this disease to non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Within the calpain-10 gene various single-nucleotide polymorphisms have been identified that increased the risk for non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we examined single-nucleotide exchanges of this gene in women with GDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 875 unselected women were prospectively screened for GDM. Eighty women of this population, 40 patients with an abnormal oral glucose tolerance test and 40 normal controls, were randomly selected. DNA samples isolated from sera of the control and study groups were analyzed with respect to single-nucleotide polymorphisms of the calpain-10 gene at positions 43, 19, and 63 using polymerase chain reaction amplification and restriction analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with GDM were more likely to be homozygous for the allele 1 of single-nucleotide polymorphism 63 (P =.02 by chi(2) test). With respect to single-nucleotide polymorphisms 19 and 43, no significant differences in allele distribution were detected between controls and women with GDM. When comparing the different haplotypes for calpain-10 (single-nucleotide polymorphisms 43, 19, and 63), all women with the haplotype combination 121/221 (n = 8) had gestational diabetes (P =.005 by Fisher exact test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that the haplotype 121/221 of the calpain-10 gene may be associated with disturbances of glucose metabolism during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  II-1
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Vienna Medical School, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leipold
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knöfler
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haslinger
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bancher-Todesca
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Worda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002154:Calpain / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D002154:Calpain; C415197:calpain 10