title: Consistent chronostasis effects across saccade categories imply a subcortical efferent trigger.
abstract: Saccadic chronostasis refers to the subjective temporal lengthening of the first visual stimulus perceived after an eye movement, and is most commonly experienced as the "stopped clock" illusion. Other temporal illusions arising in the context of movement (e.g., "intentional binding") appear to depend upon the volitional nature of the preceding motor act. Here we assess chronostasis across different saccade types, ranging from highly volitional (self-timed saccades, antisaccades) to highly reflexive (peripherally cued saccades, express saccades). Chronostasis was similar in magnitude across all these conditions, despite wide variations in their neural bases. The illusion must therefore be triggered by a "lowest common denominator" signal common to all the conditions tested and their respective neural circuits. Specifically, it is suggested that chronostasis is triggered by a low-level signal arising in response to efferent signals generated in the superior colliculus.
authors.affiliation: University College London, UK. k.yarrow@ion.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Kielan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yarrow
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haggard
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rothwell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009903:Optical Illusions / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012018:Reflex; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D013998:Time Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D014836:Volition