Transgenic mice overexpressing amyloid beta protein are an incomplete model of Alzheimer disease.
We compared lesions in elderly transgenic (tg) mice carrying the Swedish double mutation KM670/671NL with lesions in Alzheimer disease (AD) by histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques. Highly similar staining for beta-amyloid protein (Abeta) was observed in AD and the mouse models. The abundant amyloid deposits in tg mice were in a consolidated state as revealed by strong Congo red birefringence. In both tg mice and AD, amyloid deposits were ApoE-positive and were surrounded by activated astrocytes. However, Bielschowsky silver staining and immunostaining with tau antibodies revealed no neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) in the mice as opposed to abundant NFTs in AD. The microglial pattern was also distinctly different. Tg mice had only weakly activated microglia, which expressed low levels of the complement receptor CD11b. They were gathered around the periphery of the deposits. In contrast, AD lesions had strongly activated microglia, which expressed high levels of CD11b. They were associated with the plaque core. Immunostaining for complement proteins was weak in tg mice but very strong in AD deposits. We conclude that the weak inflammatory response and absence of NFTs indicate that tg mice are only a limited model of AD. Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of AD based on tg mouse models that overexpress Abeta may be limited in their application.
Schwab
Claudia
C
Kinsmen Laboratory of Neurological Research, Division of Neurology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada V6T 1Z3.
Hosokawa
Masato
M
McGeer
Patrick L
PL
D000367:Age Factors; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000378:metabolism; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005911:Gliosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D017628:Microglia / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016874:Neurofibrillary Tangles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D039481:CD11b Antigen; D016875:tau Proteins; D003165:Complement System Proteins