title: Langerhans cells exhibit low responsiveness to double-stranded RNA.
abstract: Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is a viral product recognized by Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), and it is a potent activator of dendritic cells (DC). We compared Langerhans cells (LC) and splenic CD11c(+) DC and investigated the responsiveness to dsRNA. We prepared highly purified LC (> 95%) using the panning method. TLR3 mRNA was expressed in LC, splenic DC, and keratinocytes (KC). The expression of IFN-beta mRNA was enhanced in LC and splenic DC by Poly(I:C) stimulation. However, cytokine/chemokine production in response to Poly(I:C) by LC was much lower than that by splenic DC. In addition, Poly(I:C) induced further maturation in splenic DC, but not in LC. Finally, we found that the mouse KC cell line, PAM212, produced a great amount of IL-1alpha by Poly(I:C) stimulation, and that IL-1alpha promoted the maturation of LC. These data altogether indicate that LC exhibit low responsiveness to dsRNA. It is possible that KC may primarily trigger anti-viral immune responses in the skin via cytokine production such as IL-1alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asahina
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007369:Interferon Inducers / Q000378:metabolism; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics*; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
chemical_list: D039521:CD11c Antigen; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D007369:Interferon Inducers; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051196:Toll-Like Receptor 3; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D016899:Interferon-beta; D011070:Poly I-C