Mechanisms for ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling: farewell to the tuna-can octamer?
ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling enzymes act to alter chromatin structure during gene regulation. Studies of the ATPase motors that drive these enzymes support the notion that they function as ATP-dependent DNA translocases with limited processivity. The action of these enzymes on nucleosomes results in the alteration of nucleosome positioning and structure. Recent studies have shown that ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling can also either remove or exchange histone dimers between nucleosomes. This provides a new means by which the incorporation of histone variants can be directed. Additional observations support roles for ATP-dependent remodelling enzymes throughout the transcription cycle.
Flaus
Andrew
A
Division of Gene Regulation and Expression, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, UK.
Owen-Hughes
Tom
T
D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000502:physiology*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly / Q000502:physiology*; D019281:Dimerization; D006657:Histones / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000502:physiology
D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases