title: Bilateral horizontal gaze palsy in presumed paraneoplastic brainstem encephalitis associated with a benign ovarian teratoma.
abstract: A 28-year-old woman with a previous history of recurrent benign ovarian teratoma developed a bilateral horizontal gaze palsy, a right facial paresis, and bilateral trigeminal hypesthesia. Magnetic resonance imaging disclosed high signal in the rostral pons. Results of all other laboratory studies, including those for antineuronal antibodies (anti-Hu, anti-Yo, anti-Ri, anti-Tr, anti-Ma1, anti-Ma2, and anti-CV2/CRMP5), were negative. Pelvic ultrasound revealed a residual mass in the left ovary, which was confirmed as teratoma on surgical pathological examination. Complete neurologic recovery occurred within two weeks of surgical removal of the teratoma and treatment with intravenous corticosteroids and immunoglobulin. This case demonstrates that a search for an occult neoplasm is extremely important in the diagnosis of presumed paraneoplastic encephalitis even if antineuronal antibodies are not found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto and University Health Network, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Rajeev H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Muni
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wennberg
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Mikulis
authors.forename: Agnes M F
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009886:Ophthalmoplegia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010053:Ovary / Q000473:pathology; D010257:Paraneoplastic Syndromes / Q000209:etiology*; D013724:Teratoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D008775:Methylprednisolone