title: Treatment of in-stent restenosis using a paclitaxel-eluting stent: acute results and long-term follow-up of a matched-pair comparison with intracoronary beta-radiation therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intracoronary radiation therapy (ICR) has significantly improved the long-term outcome after treatment of diffuse in-stent restenosis (ISR). The efficacy of drug eluting stents in this setting remains less well defined. This matched-pair analysis compared the procedural and long-term clinical and angiographic outcome after treatment of diffuse ISR using a paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) with intracoronary beta-radiation therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two patients receiving 25 PES (ACHIEVE, Cook, 3.1 microg paclitaxel per square millimeter, non-polymer based coating) for ISR underwent 6-month angiographic and 12-month clinical follow-up. From a database including 141 patients (174 lesions) undergoing intracoronary beta-radiation for ISR, 25 lesions (25 patients) were pair-matched with the former group for lesion length and vessel size. PES implantation and ICR were successful in all patients with a significantly lower postprocedural in-stent diameter stenosis in the PES group (8+/-12% vs. 18+/-8%, p < 0.01). Angiographic binary in-lesion restenosis at 6 month was 20% (5/25 lesions) in the PES group and 16% (4/25) in the ICR group (p = 1.0). PES implantation resulted in significantly higher in-stent MLD at FU (2.10+/-0.71 vs. 1.75+/-0.36, p = 0.03) and a higher in-stent net gain (PES: 1.19+/-0.69, ICR: 0.84+/-0.49, p = 0.04). Two patients in the PES group and 6 patients in the ICR group experienced a target lesion revascularisation at 12-month follow-up (p = 0.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implantation of a non-polymer based paclitaxel-elution stent and conventional ICR therapy for complex ISR lead to comparable acute and long-term clinical and angiographic follow-up results.
authors.affiliation: Medical Clinic I, RWTH University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52057 Aachen, Germany. PRadke@ukaachen.de
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Radke
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kobella
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kaiser
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schubert
authors.forename: Eberhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grube
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hanrath
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
mesh_terms: D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D004343:Drug Implants; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D015607:Stents
chemical_list: D004343:Drug Implants; D017239:Paclitaxel