title: Synergistic interaction of two independent genetic loci causes extreme elevation of serum IgA in mice.
abstract: Understanding the molecular regulation of immunoglobulin A (IgA) expression is important as it plays an essential role in the first-line defence through mucosal secretions. Using inbred mouse strains, we identified two independent and dominant acting genetic loci that synergistically cause a 40-fold upregulation in serum IgA levels when introduced into the murine strain C57Bl/6J (B6). The first locus on chromosome 12 appears to be mainly responsible for the natural four-fold higher IgA levels in C3HeB/FeJ (C3H) compared to B6 mice. A second independent, chemically induced mutation on chromosome 5 caused a two-fold elevation when transferred from C3H into B6 mice. Both loci in concert effect a 40-fold elevation against the B6 genetic background. We determined the chromosomal localization of the two loci simultaneously by a one-step mapping process. The chemically induced mutation was identified within the immunoglobulin joining chain (IgJ) gene on chromosome 5. The major serum IgA modifier between the C3H and B6 was located on chromosome 12. This modifier region was mapped to a 350 kb region containing several immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes and the Ig alpha germline switch gene. We speculate that by interfering with both IgA expression and distribution, synergistic regulation of IgA is achieved.
authors.affiliation: Ingenium Pharmaceuticals AG, Fraunhoferstr. 13, Martinsried, Germany.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hanke
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jagla
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wattler
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nehls
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grosse
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Laufs
mesh_terms: D026921:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea / Q000494:pharmacology; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D007144:Immunoglobulin J-Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci; D014157:Transcription Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D026921:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Neutral; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007144:Immunoglobulin J-Chains; C432410:Mnat1 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea