title: Echinococcus granulosus strain differentiation based on sequence heterogeneity in mitochondrial genes of cytochrome c oxidase-1 and NADH dehydrogenase-1.
abstract: Genetic analyses of Echinococcus granulosus isolates from different intermediate host species have demonstrated substantial levels of variation for some genotype (strain) clusters. To determine the range of genetic variability within and between genotypes we amplified and cloned partial cox1 and nadh1 genes from 16 isolates of E. granulosus from 4 continents. Furthermore, we sequenced different clones from a PCR product to analyse the intra-individual genetic variance. The findings showed a moderate degree of variance within single isolates and a significant degree of variance between the cluster of genotypes G1-G3 (sheep, Tasmanian sheep and buffalo strain), genotypes G4 (horse strain) and G5 (cattle strain) and the cluster of the genotypes G6 (camel strain) and G7 (pig strain). The variance of up to 2.2% within genotypes was relatively low compared with that of 4.3-15.7% among genotypes. The present results indicate that a re-examination of the classification of 5 genotypes of Echinococcus is warranted. Hence, our data highly support a re-evaluation of the taxonomy of the clades G1-G3, G4, G5, G6/7 and G8 (cervid strain) within the genus Echinococcus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Parasitology, Clinical Institute of Hygiene and Medical Microbiology, University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Obwaller
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walochnik
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gollackner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deutz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Janitschke
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aspöck
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Auer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004446:Echinococcus / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011544:Pseudogenes; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; D009245:NADH Dehydrogenase; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV