title: Prevalence of in-service and post-service sexual assault among combat and noncombat veterans applying for Department of Veterans Affairs posttraumatic stress disorder disability benefits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the prevalence of in-service and post-service sexual assault among combat and noncombat veterans seeking Veteran's Affairs disability benefits for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional survey of 4,918 veterans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Surveys were returned by 3,337 veterans (effective response rate, 68%). Among men, 6.5% of combat veterans and 16.5% of noncombat veterans reported in-service or post-service sexual assault. Among women, 69% of combat veterans and 86.6% of noncombat veterans reported in-service or post-service sexual assault.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reported rates of sexual assault were considerably higher among veterans seeking Veteran's Affairs disability benefits for PTSD than historically reported rates for men and women in the general population. In this population, male gender and veterans' combat status should not dissuade clinicians from screening for sexual traumas.
authors.affiliation: Center for Chronic Disease Outcomes Research and Section General Internal Medicine, Minneapolis VA Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Minnesota School of Medicine, One Veterans Drive (111-0), Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA.
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murdoch
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Polusny
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hodges
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D011902:Rape / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000191:economics / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014493:United States Department of Veterans Affairs; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014857:Warfare