title: Nomenclature of the finer branches of the biliary tree: canals, ductules, and ductular reactions in human livers.
abstract: The work of liver stem cell biologists, largely carried out in rodent models, has now started to manifest in human investigations and applications. We can now recognize complex regenerative processes in tissue specimens that had only been suspected for decades, but we also struggle to describe what we see in human tissues in a way that takes into account the findings from the animal investigations, using a language derived from species not, in fact, so much like our own. This international group of liver pathologists and hepatologists, most of whom are actively engaged in both clinical work and scientific research, seeks to arrive at a consensus on nomenclature for normal human livers and human reactive lesions that can facilitate more rapid advancement of our field.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University Hospitals, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Tania A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Roskams
authors.forename: Neil D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Theise
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balabaud
authors.forename: Govind
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bhagat
authors.forename: Prithi S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Bhathal
authors.forename: Paulette
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bioulac-Sage
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Brunt
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Crosby
authors.forename: Valeer
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Desmet
authors.forename: Milton J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Finegold
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Geller
authors.forename: Annette S H
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gouw
authors.forename: Prodromos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hytiroglou
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Knisely
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kojiro
authors.forename: Jay H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lefkowitch
authors.forename: Yasuni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanuma
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Olynyk
authors.forename: Young Nyun
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Portmann
authors.forename: Romil
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Saxena
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Scheuer
authors.forename: Alastair J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Strain
authors.forename: Swan N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Thung
authors.forename: Ian R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Wanless
authors.forename: A Brian
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: West
mesh_terms: D001659:Biliary Tract / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D009626:Terminology as Topic