title: High IL-6 synthesis in cultured fibroblasts isolated from radicular cysts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inflammatory cytokines have been reported to be related with inflammation and expansion of jaw cysts. In this study, to examine the relationship between radicular cysts and inflammatory cytokines, it was found that there was notable unique evidence on cytokine synthesis from fibroblasts isolated from radicular cysts.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of such cytokines, namely, interleukin-1beta, IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating (GM-CSF) mRNA, in nine radicular cysts was examined and compared with that detected in six specimens of healthy gingival mucosa. Furthermore, separating all fibroblasts from their respective radicular cysts, healthy gingival mucosa, and healthy periodontal ligaments, these fibroblast groups were cultured without stimulators and a supernatant for each was obtained to analyse IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences between radicular cysts and healthy gingival mucosa were not clearly shown by the expression of cytokine mRNA. Analysing inflammatory cytokine synthesis in fibroblast groups from these three kinds of tissues, surprisingly, the levels of IL-6 mRNA and protein were recognised to be higher in fibroblasts of radicular cysts than in those of control tissues by ELISA and a real-time RT-PCR. Significant differences in the cultured supernatants of these fibroblast groups were not recognised in the release of IL-1beta, IL-8, TNF-alpha, and IFN-gamma by ELISA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From these results, it was suggested that fibroblasts inducing IL-6 production might play important roles in the expansion of radicular cysts. It is considered that fibroblasts around radicular cysts may lead to high IL-6 synthesis over time in chronic inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dentistry and Oral Surgery, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan. akusumi@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kusumi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakaki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kusumi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D005881:Gingiva / Q000378:metabolism; D005882:Gingival Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011842:Radicular Cyst / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012333:RNA, Messenger