title: Protection against lethal influenza virus challenge by RNA interference in vivo.
abstract: Influenza virus infection is responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths annually. Current vaccination strategies and antiviral drugs provide limited protection; therefore, new strategies are needed. RNA interference is an effective means of suppressing virus replication in vitro. Here we demonstrate that treatment with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) specific for highly conserved regions of the nucleoprotein or acidic polymerase inhibits influenza A virus replication in vivo. Delivery of these siRNAs significantly reduced lung virus titers in infected mice and protected animals from lethal challenge. This protection was specific and not mediated by an antiviral IFN response. Moreover, influenza-specific siRNA treatment was broadly effective and protected animals against lethal challenge with highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses of the H5 and H7 subtypes. These results indicate that RNA interference is promising for control of influenza virus infection, as well as other viral infections.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen Mark
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Tompkins
authors.forename: Chia-Yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Terrence M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Tumpey
authors.forename: Suzanne L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Epstein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D005260:Female; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012367:RNA, Viral