title: HIV-1 inhibition by extracts of Clusiaceae species from Mexico.
abstract: The organic plant extracts of 21 species of Clusiaceae from Mexico were screened for anti HIV-1 reverse transcriptase activity in a non-radioactive immuno colorimetric assay. The extracts of 5 species (23.8%) exhibited significant inhibition (> or =70%) of HIV-1 RT activity; of these, only 4 extracts showed reduced toxicity to human lymphocytic MT2 cells and were further tested as inhibitors of HIV-1 IIIb/LAV replication in a cellular system. The best extracts were Calophyllum brasiliense (hexane) and Clusia quadrangula (CH(2)Cl(2)-MeOH) which inhibited HIV-1 RT (IC(50)=29.6 microg/ml and 42 microg/ml), and showed an EC(50)=92.5 microg/ml and 91 microg/ml, respectively, on MT2 cells. However, only Calophyllum brasiliense hexane extract showed significant inhibition on viral replication (ED(50)=37.1 microg/ml), while Clusia quadrangula was less active (ED(50)=124 microg/ml). These results support the idea that plant extracts represent a valuable source of potential anti HIV compounds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Natural Products, Institute of Chemistry, National University of Mexico, Mexico D F, Mexico.
authors.forename: Maira
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huerta-Reyes
authors.forename: Maria del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Basualdo
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lozada
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jimenez-Estrada
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soler
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Reyes-Chilpa
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D028084:Clusiaceae; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008800:Mexico; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D018514:Plant Structures
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts