title: Enhancing quality of care for acute myocardial infarction: shifting the focus of improvement from key indicators to process of care and tool use: the American College of Cardiology Acute Myocardial Infarction Guidelines Applied in Practice Project in Michigan: Flint and Saginaw Expansion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This project evaluated if by focusing on process changes and tool use rather than key indicator rates, the use of evidence-based therapies in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) would increase.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The use of tools designed to improve quality of care in the American College of Cardiology AMI Guidelines Applied in Practice Pilot Project resulted in improved adherence to evidence-based therapies for patients, but overall, tool use was modest.
  
  
  METHODS
  The current project, implemented in five hospitals, was modeled after the previous project, but with greater emphasis on tool use. This allowed early identification of barriers to tool use and strategies to overcome barriers. Main outcome measures were AMI quality indicators in pre-measurement (January 1, 2001 to June 30, 2001) and post-measurement (December 15, 2001 to March 31, 2002) samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One or more tools were used in 93% of patients (standard orders = 82%, and discharge document = 47%). Tool use was associated with significantly higher adherence to most discharge quality indicator rates with increases in aspirin, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, and smoking cessation and dietary counseling. Patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) had low rates of discharge indicators. Patients undergoing percutaneous coronary revascularization were more likely to receive evidence-based therapies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data validate the results of the pilot project that quality of AMI care can be improved through the use of guideline-based tools. Identifying and overcoming barriers to tool use led to substantially higher rates of tool use. The low rates of adherence to quality indicators in patients undergoing CABG suggest that these patients should be particularly targeted for quality improvement efforts.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
authors.forename: Rajendra H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: Cecelia K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Montoye
authors.forename: Jessica
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Faul
authors.forename: Dorothy J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Nagle
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kure
authors.forename: Ethiraj
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Raj
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fattal
authors.forename: Shiraz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sharrif
authors.forename: Mohamadali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amlani
authors.forename: Hameem U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Changezi
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Skorcz
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bourque
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: LaTarte
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savoy
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Werner
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: DeFranco
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Eagle
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002309:Cardiology / Q000592:standards*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D005260:Female; D019983:Guideline Adherence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008824:Michigan; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000628:therapy*; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010343:Patient Admission; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors