title: Placental protein 13 (PP-13): effects on cultured trophoblasts, and its detection in human body fluids in normal and pathological pregnancies.
abstract: Placental tissue protein 13 (PP-13), one of the 56 known placental proteins identified till today, was purified from placentas obtained from women at delivery, and used to evoke antibodies against it. The purified PP-13 was lysed to peptides, which were sequenced, leading to the full-length cDNA sequencing and its expression in Escherichia coli. Sequence analysis in databases showed homology to the galectin family. Of the various antibody preparations developed, a pair of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) coupled to the recombinant PP-13 (PP-13-R) was used for the immunodetection of PP-13 in pregnant women's serum with the solid-phase ELISA format. With a dynamic range of 25-500 pg/mL with no background in non-pregnant women's serum and men's serum, the ELISA test was suitable for the detection of PP-13 in the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd trimesters. PP-13 levels slowly increase during pregnancy. In the 1st trimester, lower than normal PP-13 levels were found in fetal growth restriction (IUGR), preeclampsia (PE), and particularly in early PE (<34 weeks of gestation). In the 2nd and 3rd trimesters, higher than normal concentrations were found in PE, IUGR and in preterm delivery (PTD). Application of PP-13 to cultured trophoblasts elicited depolarization carried by calcium ions, followed by liberation of linoleic and arachidonic acids from the trophoblast membrane, and a subsequent elevation of prostacyclin and thromboxane. These effects were negligible when PP-13 derived from the placentas of patients with IUGR, PE or PTD was used. The results are discussed in view of the potential utilization of PP-13 for early serum screening to assess the risk to develop placental insufficiency, coupled to a differential analysis of the various pathologies by analyzing cultured trophoblasts.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Technology, 49 Ha'Histadrut St., PO Box 25266, Haifa 31250, Israel.
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pick
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zwickel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klayman
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meiri
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Slotky
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rabinovitch
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Paltieli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Admon
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gonen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001483:Base Sequence; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000378:metabolism; D037161:Galectins; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017385:Sequence Homology; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D037161:Galectins; C038195:LGALS13 protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins