title: [Cytokines and cytokine therapy in gastrointestinal diseases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare cytokine status in gastrointestinal diseases (GID) with reference to etiological factor, course, stage, therapy of the disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enzyme immunoassay was used to examine cytokines in the peripheral blood, tissue homogenates of 560 GID patients. GID were represented by ulcer disease (UD), cholelithiasis, chronic hepatitis (CH), glutenic enteropathy (GE), Crohn's disease (CD), nonspecific ulcer colitis (NUC).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In chronic recurrent GID (UD, cholelithiasis, GE) early exacerbation was characterized by elevated concentrations of IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8. Concentrations of IL-12, Inf alpha, g, TNF alpha reached maximum on the height of the disease. Intensification of regenerative processes raised concentrations of IL-4, IL-10. An overall level of serum cytokines averaged 190-780 pg/ml, reaching in some patients with active disease 1200-3000 pg/ml, in remission 30-110 pg/ml, in the control 40 pg/ml. In chronic progressive GID the levels of IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-8, IL-6 reached 30-80 pg/ml, IL-12, Inf gamma, TNF alpha--150-370 pg/ml. A rise in cytokines concentrations in inflammatory viral, bacterial, autoimmune GID was higher than in cancer, alcoholism-related diseases, metabolic disturbances. Basic therapy in patients with chronic recurrent GID led to a significant fall in concentration of serum cytokines. Therapy with monoclonal antibodies to TNF alpha was associated with transitory pronounced favourable changes in peripheral blood cytokine status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GID provoke elevation of serum and tissue cytokines, impairment of cytokine balance in correlation with the etiological factor, variants of the course, stage of the disease, on-going therapy.
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Tsaregorodtseva
authors.forename: T I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Serova
authors.forename: L Iu
authors.initials: LIu
authors.lastname: Il'ichenko
authors.forename: G V
authors.initials: GV
authors.lastname: Sukhareva
authors.forename: G N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Sokolova
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Trubitsyna
authors.forename: K a
authors.initials: Ka
authors.lastname: Nikol'skaia
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Klishina
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Lazebnik
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016207:Cytokines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines