Mitogen-activated protein kinases in synaptic plasticity and memory.
This review highlights five areas of recent discovery concerning the role of extracellular-signal regulated kinases (ERKs) in the hippocampus. First, ERKs have recently been directly implicated in human learning through studies of a human mental retardation syndrome. Second, new models are being formulated for how ERKs contribute to molecular information processing in dendrites. Third, a role of ERKs in stabilizing structural changes in dendritic spines has been defined. Fourth, a crucial role for ERKs in regulating local dendritic protein synthesis is emerging. Fifth, the importance of ERK interactions with scaffolding and structural proteins at the synapse is increasingly apparent. These topics are discussed within the context of an emerging role for ERKs in a wide variety of forms of synaptic plasticity and memory formation in the behaving animal.
Sweatt
J David
JD
Division of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, Texas 77030-3498, USA. jsweatt@bcm.tmc.edu
D000818:Animals; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003712:Dendrites / Q000201:enzymology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000502:physiology*; D013569:Synapses / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases