title: Prefrontal-subcortical dissociations underlying inhibitory control revealed by event-related fMRI.
abstract: Using event-related fMRI, this study investigated the neural dynamics of response inhibition under fluctuating task demands. Fourteen participants performed a GO/NOGO task requiring inhibition of a prepotent motor response to NOGO events that occurred as part of either a Fast or Slow presentation stream of GO stimuli. We compared functional activations associated with correct withholds (Stops) required during the Fast presentation stream of stimuli to Stops required during the Slow presentation stream. A predominantly right hemispheric network was activated across conditions, consistent with previous studies. Furthermore, a functional dissociation of activations between conditions was observed. Slow Stops elicited additional activation in anterior dorsal and polar prefrontal cortex and left inferior parietal cortex. Fast Stops showed additional activation in a network that included right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, insula and dorsal striatum. These results are discussed in terms of our understanding of the impact of preparation on the distributed network underlying response inhibition and the contribution of subcortical areas, such as the basal ganglia, to executive control processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology and Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland.
authors.forename: A M Clare
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hester
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Daniel C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Javitt
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Foxe
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Garavan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000502:physiology*; D004213:Dissociative Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009433:Neural Inhibition / Q000502:physiology*; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis