title: Protein adsorption on ex vivo catheters and polymers exposed to peritoneal dialysis effluent.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Deposition of proteins on surfaces of medical devices has been recognized to putatively relate to the process of regulation of biomaterial-associated complications by attachment of fibrin clots, eukaryotic cells, and microbes. The molecules adsorb to a varying extent, depending not only on the physicochemical properties of the biomaterial, but also on the composition of the host fluid.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Adsorption of proteins on catheters exposed both ex vivo and in vitro to dialysate of patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) was studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Peritoneal dialysis effluent was collected from 5 patients with end-stage renal disease on continuous ambulatory PD. Tenckhoff catheters were obtained from 16 patients. Deposition of proteins on excised Tenckhoff catheters and tubing of different materials exposed to PD effluent in vitro was studied using 125iodine-labeled antibodies. Adhesion of Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis strains was quantified on tubing exposed to PD effluent in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of albumin, transferrin, immunoglobulin G, fibrinogen, fibronectin, von Willebrand factor, vitronectin, and thrombospondin was determined at various concentrations in PD effluent. All proteins analyzed were detected on PD catheters removed from patients. The extent of protein deposition on Tenckhoff catheters exposed to PD effluent, in vitro, rapidly reached a plateau and remained constant, as it did on polyvinyl chloride and polyethylene tubing. Adhesion of staphylococci was enhanced on Tenckhoff catheters exposed to PD effluent compared to unused PD solution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data identify surface exposed proteins that may serve as adhesion sites for microbes on peritoneal catheters indwelled in patients undergoing PD.
authors.affiliation: Medical Microbiology, Dermatology and Infection, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Naoko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yanagisawa
authors.forename: Dai-Qing
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Asa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ljungh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000327:Adsorption; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D002648:Child; D046508:Culture Techniques; D015314:Dialysis Solutions / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D012825:Silicon; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D015314:Dialysis Solutions; D006023:Glycoproteins; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D012825:Silicon