Pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin and the rate of depletion of its residues in pigs.
Six pigs were used in a two-period crossover study to investigate the pharmacokinetics of amoxycillin after single intravenous and oral doses of 20 mg/kg bodyweight. Twelve pigs were used to study the residues of the drug in muscle, kidney, liver and fat after they had received daily oral doses of 20 mg/kg amoxycillin for five days. The mean (sd) elimination half life (t1/2beta) and mean residence time of amoxycillin in plasma were 3.38 (0.30) and 3.54 (0.43) hours, respectively, after intravenous administration and 4.13 (0.50) and 4.47 (0.30) hours, respectively, after oral administration. After oral administration, the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) was 7.37 (0.42) microg/ml and it was reached after 0.97 (0.29) hours. Six days after the last oral dose, the mean concentration of amoxycillin in the pigs' kidneys was 21.38 ng/g and in the liver it was 12.32 ng/g, but no amoxycillin could be detected in fat or muscle; the concentrations of amoxycillin in edible tissues were less than the European Union maximal residue limit of 50 microg/kg.
Martínez-Larrañaga
M R
MR
Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Complutense University, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Anadón
A
A
Martínez
M A
MA
Díaz
M J
MJ
Frejo
M T
MT
Castellano
V J
VJ
Isea
G
G
De la Cruz
C O
CO
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D009132:Muscles / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000378:metabolism*
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000658:Amoxicillin