title: Simulating a heavy metal spill under estuarine conditions: effects on the clam Scrobicularia plana.
abstract: We describe the effect of heavy metals Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu on the induction of methallothioneins on the clam Scrobicularia plana along a salinity gradient simulated under laboratory conditions. The clams were exposed to constant heavy metal concentrations in a dynamic estuary simulator during a 15-day assay to investigate possible induction of metal-binding proteins in them. The concentration of heavy metals in water was analysed. Clams were analysed for methallothionein concentrations. The speciation of Zn, Cd, Pb and Cu along the salinity gradient was modelled. Zn showed the highest concentrations and its prevalent species was the free ion. Intersite differences have been observed in methallothionein concentration and related to the salinity gradient. It seems that synthesis of methallothioneins is the result of physiological forces acting in concert with the changes in the chemical speciation of metals, owing to the trace metals uptake is controlled by means of an interaction of physiology and physicochemistry.
authors.affiliation: Dpto. de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias del Mar., Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain. enrique.luque@uca.es
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: García-Luque
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: DelValls
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casado-Martínez
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Forja
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gómez-Parra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000378:metabolism*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D008668:Metallothionein