title: Triptolide (PG-490) induces apoptosis of dendritic cells through sequential p38 MAP kinase phosphorylation and caspase 3 activation.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) are the most potent antigen-presenting cells that play crucial roles in the regulation of immune response. Triptolide, an active component purified from the medicinal plant Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F., has been demonstrated to act as a potent immunosuppressive drug capable of inhibiting T cell activation and proliferation. However, little is known about the effects of triptolide on DCs. The present study shows that triptolide does not affect phenotypic differentiation and LPS-induced maturation of murine DCs. But triptolide can dramatically reduce cell recovery by inducing apoptosis of DCs at concentration as low as 10ng/ml, as demonstrated by phosphatidylserine exposure, mitochondria potential decrease, and nuclear DNA condensation. Triptolide induces activation of p38 in DCs, which precedes the activation of caspase 3. SB203580, a specific kinase inhibitor for p38, can block the activation of caspase 3 and inhibit the resultant apoptosis of DCs. Our results suggest that the anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive activities of triptolide may be due, in part, to its apoptosis-inducing effects on DCs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Second Military Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai 200433, PR China.
authors.forename: Qiuyan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Taoyong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huabiao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Minghui
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhanjun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Pengcheng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xuetao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010641:Phenotype; D010766:Phosphorylation; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
chemical_list: D004224:Diterpenes; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010616:Phenanthrenes; C001899:triptolide; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C505409:Casp3 protein, mouse; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases