title: Risk behaviours and benign prostatic hyperplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify risk factors for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical history data, including reported urological conditions and treatments, and risk factor data were collected from 34 694 participants in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal, and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial, a randomized controlled trial designed to evaluate methods for the early detection of cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Asian men had the lowest risks (odds ratio, 95% confidence interval) for nocturia (0.7, 0.5-0.9), physician-diagnosed BPH (0.3, 0.2-0.5) and transurethral prostatectomy (TURP, 0.2, 0.1-0.6), while risks for Whites and Blacks were similar for most measures of BPH. Greater alcohol intake was associated with decreased nocturia (P trend = 0.002), BPH (P trend < 0.001) and TURP (P trend < 0.001). Current tobacco use was associated with decreased nocturia (0.8, 0.7-0.9), BPH (0.7, 0.6-0.8) and TURP (0.6, 0.4-0.8) but dose-response patterns were weak.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Asian-Americans have the lowest risk of clinical BPH. Alcohol and possibly cigarettes are related to a lower risk for BPH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Andriole
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Van De Vooren
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chia
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Urban
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reding
authors.forename: W-Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Hayes
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D044383:Black People / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate / Q000379:methods; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal