title: Immunochromatographic sticks for tissue transglutaminase and antigliadin antibody screening in celiac disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated two 1-step immunochromatographic visual assays based on human recombinant tissue-transglutaminase (t-TG) as an alternative to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for celiac disease (CD) screening.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used a tissue-transglutaminase (t-TG) stick, which detected immunoglobulin A/G (IgA/G) antibodies to t-TG, and a t-TG/antigliadin antibodies (AGA) stick, which detected IgA antibodies to both t-TG and AGA, as well as t-TG and AGA ELISAs, to determine t-TG and AGA antibodies in untreated celiac patients with subtotal villous atrophy. A total of 142 children (3 IgA-deficient sera) and 30 adults, and 140 controls (normal mucosa; 121 children and 19 adults), plus 23 sera from pediatric CD patients in remission were assayed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For pediatric patients, with the t-TG stick we obtained a sensitivity of 97.1% and a specificity of 99.0%, and in adults, 83.3% and 100%, respectively. The t-TG/AGA stick displayed a sensitivity of 95.7% and a specificity of 99.0% for t-TG and a sensitivity of 89.2% and a specificity of 95.8% for AGA in children, and a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 100% for t-TG and a sensitivity of 83.3% and a specificity of 100% for AGA in adults. Results were comparable with the corresponding ELISAs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 2 visual assays are efficient for CD screening as an alternative to ELISAs. They are simple to handle and to interpret. By the combined use of the 2 sticks, IgA-deficient patients can be identified as positive in the t-TG (IgG/A) but negative in the t-TG/AGA (IgA) stick.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Gluten, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología, Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferre-López
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ribes-Koninckx
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Genzor
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gamen
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ortigosa
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Méndez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002845:Chromatography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005903:Gliadin / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D005903:Gliadin; D011503:Transglutaminases