title: Concordance evaluation of coronary risk scores: implications for cardiovascular risk screening.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the similarities and differences in predicted high-risk individuals identified by different cardiovascular risk calculation algorithms Research design and methods: A representative population of 10000 individuals was modelled in a computer using baseline data from the National Health Survey for England. The effects of biological groups identified by each calculator depend on the variation in each major model parameters were then applied to each hypothetical individual. The predictive capacities of 3 different risk identification systems based on computer calculation (the Framingham algorithm), or on tabular methods (the Sheffield tables and the General Rule to Enable Atheroma Treatment) were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All three models predict that similar numbers would receive treatment with 2.9 and 10% receiving treatment at 30 and 15% 10 year risk thresholds, respectively. However, concordance is limited as 0.3 or 6.8% are positive on all three systems; 1.6 or 9.7% on any two calculators at the 30 and 15% thresholds, respectively. The risk baseline assumptions in each model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Care needs to be taken with applying risk calculators to populations different from which they were derived. Any cardiovascular risk scoring system needs to be thoroughly evaluated against epidemiological data before it is introduced and also needs to be updated in line with changing trends in risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Consultant Chemical Pathologist, Queen's Hospital, Burton-on-Trent and Division of Clinical Sciences, Wolverhampton University, UK. tim.reynolds@burtonh-tr.wmids.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Timothy M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Twomey
authors.forename: Anthony S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Wierzbicki
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003198:Computer Simulation; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D006113:United Kingdom