title: Ureteral injury due to penetrating trauma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the diagnosis and management of penetrating ureteral injuries at our trauma center.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the cases of 12 patients with ureteral injuries secondary to penetrating ureteral trauma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From January 1995 to December 2000, a total of 12 patients were diagnosed and treated for penetrating ureteral injuries. The diagnosis was made acutely in nine patients, and a delayed diagnosis was made in three patients. Hematuria was present in the nine patients diagnosed acutely, and these patients had either preoperative or intraoperative imaging. All patients underwent exploratory laparotomy, and ureteral injuries were missed in the three patients without radiologic imaging or hematuria. Repair of the ureteral injuries was highly successful, and patients diagnosed acutely had decreased morbidity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Traumatic ureteral injuries from penetrating trauma are uncommon, and a high index of suspicion is necessary to diagnose ureteral injuries when hematuria is not present and imaging is nondiagnostic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA. brettcarver@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Brett S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Carver
authors.forename: Caleb B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Bozeman
authors.forename: Dennis D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Venable
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003559:Cystostomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D014193:Trauma Centers; D014513:Ureter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D014519:Ureterostomy; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*