title: A short-term comparison of fluticasone propionate/salmeterol with ipratropium bromide/albuterol for the treatment of COPD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This is the first comparison of two combination therapies, fluticasone propionate/salmeterol and ipratropium bromide/albuterol (salbutamol), for the treatment of patients with COPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel group, multicenter evaluation of fluticasone propionate/salmeterol 250/50 microg twice daily via DISKUS and ipratropium bromide/albuterol 36/206 microg four times daily via metered-dose inhaler over 8 weeks was conducted at 41 research sites in the US. Morning pre-dose FEV(1), 6-hour serial spirometry, PEF, dyspnea, night-time awakenings, supplemental albuterol use, and patient diary evaluations of symptoms were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 365 patients with symptomatic COPD were enrolled. The treatment groups were similar in mean age (63.3 and 63.9 years), screening pulmonary function (44.1% and 43.2% of predicted FEV(1)), race (96% and 95% White), and sex distribution (59% and 60% male). Both fluticasone propionate/salmeterol and ipratropium bromide/albuterol improved lung function, symptoms, and supplemental albuterol use compared with baseline. Fluticasone propionate/salmeterol was more effective than ipratropium bromide/albuterol for improvement in morning pre-dose FEV(1), morning PEF, 6-hour FEV(1) area under the curve (AUC(6)), Transition Dyspnea Index (TDI) focal score, daytime symptom score, night-time awakenings, sleep symptoms, and albuterol-free nights (p < or = 0.013). Compared with day 1, at week 8 the FEV(1) AUC(6) significantly increased with fluticasone propionate/salmeterol and significantly decreased with ipratropium bromide/albuterol (p < or = 0.003). The incidence of adverse events was similar between treatment groups, except for a higher incidence of oral candidiasis with fluticasone propionate/salmeterol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term treatment with the combined inhaled corticosteroid and long-acting beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist fluticasone propionate/salmeterol resulted in greater control of lung function and symptoms than combined ipratropium bromide/albuterol bronchodilator therapy, in patients with COPD.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, 27599-7020, USA. jdonohue@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: James F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Donohue
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kalberg
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Emmett
authors.forename: Kunal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Merchant
authors.forename: Katharine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Knobil
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D000068298:Fluticasone; D006801:Humans; D009241:Ipratropium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000730:Androstadienes; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D000068298:Fluticasone; D009241:Ipratropium; D000420:Albuterol