title: Effects of cultural sensitivity training on health care provider attitudes and patient outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effectiveness of cultural sensitivity training on the knowledge and attitudes of health care providers, and to assess the satisfaction and health outcomes of patients from different minority groups with health care providers who received training.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomised controlled trial, 114 health care providers (nurses and homecare workers) and 133 patients (from two community agencies and one hospital) were randomly assigned to experimental (training) and control groups, and were followed for 18 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Providers completed the Cultural Awareness Questionnaire and the Dogmatism Scale. Patients completed the Off-Axis-Ratio (OAR) Multidimensional Measure of Functional Capacity, the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire, the Physical and Mental Health Assessment Questionnaire, and the Health and Social Services Utilization Questionnaire. A qualitative analysis was conducted to identify and analyse themes from personal journals kept by participating nurses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cultural sensitivity training resulted in increased open-mindedness and cultural awareness, improved understanding of multiculturalism, and ability to communicate with minority people. After 1 year patients of mostly European and British origin, who received care from trained providers, showed improvement in utilizing social resources and overall functional capacity without an increase in health care expenditures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study indicate that a cultural sensitivity training program not only improved knowledge and attitudes among health care providers, but it also yielded positive health outcomes for their patients.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Room HSC 3N28, 1200 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada L8N 3Z5. majumdar@mcmaster.ca
authors.forename: Basanti
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Majumdar
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Browne
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Carpio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D003142:Communication; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D004521:Educational Measurement; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D007318:Inservice Training / Q000458:organization & administration*; D008297:Male; D008913:Minority Groups / Q000523:psychology; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009864:Ontario; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D015397:Program Evaluation; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population