No effect of stem cell mobilization with GM-CSF on infarct size and left ventricular function in experimental acute myocardial infarction.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of bone marrow pluripotent stem cell mobilization with granulocyte-monocyte colony stimulating factor (GMCSF) on infarct size and left ventricular function, in the setting of acute myocardial infarction, with a protocol easily applicable in clinical practice.


METHODS
Ten pigs underwent left thoracotomy and left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion for 1 h, followed by reperfusion. After 50 min of arterial occlusion, the animals were randomly divided between treatment with placebo (Group 1) and subcutaneous GM-CSF (Group 2). The thoracotomy was closed and the animals recovered. In Group 2, GM-CSF, 20 microg/kg, was administered daily, 5 days/week, for 3 weeks. Echocardiograms were obtained at 5 and 28 days after acute myocardial infarction. At 30 days, infarct size, expressed as a percentage of the whole left ventricular mass, was measured.


RESULTS
The white blood cell count increased from 13000 +/- 3338/ microl to 28700 +/- 4916/ microl (p = 0.001) in the GM-CSF-treated group. Infarct size was 7.8 +/- 6.1% in Group 1 vs 7.5 +/- 7.7% in Group 2 (ns). Similarly, no significant difference was observed between the 2 study groups in any of the echocardiographic measurements made at 28 days.


CONCLUSIONS
Subcutaneous GMCSF administered during the early post acute myocardial infarction period neither decreased infarct size nor improved left ventricular function. Other protocols for mobilization of stem cells and their concentration in the injured area should be developed to combine efficacy and clinical applicability.
Terrovitis
John
J
University of Athens, School of Medicine, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, "Alexandra" Hospital, Makedonias 24, 10433, Athens, Greece.
Charitos
Christos
C
Dolou
Paraskevi
P
Papalois
Apostolos
A
Eleftheriou
Ageliki
A
Tsolakis
Elias
E
Charitos
Efstratios
E
Mponios
Michael
M
Karanastasis
George
G
Koudoumas
Dimitrios
D
Agapitos
Emmanuel
E
Nanas
John N
JN
D000818:Animals; D001853:Bone Marrow; D004452:Echocardiography; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells; D011897:Random Allocation; D012107:Research Design; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor