title: Identification of a nuclear localization signal in OCT4 and generation of a dominant negative mutant by its ablation.
abstract: OCT4 plays a critical role in maintaining stem cell pluripotency in a dose-dependent manner by activating and repressing multiple downstream genes. The precise mechanism by which OCT4 achieves these diverse biological functions remains unknown. In this report, we identify and characterize (195)RKRKR as a nuclear localization signal responsible for its localization in the nuclei and required for the transactivation of its target genes. Point mutations within this motif yielded a mutant that localizes randomly throughout the cells and is defective in transactivating target genes. However, restoration of nuclear localization with a heterologous nuclear localization signal failed to rescue its transactivation function, suggesting that this (195)RKRKR motif has additional function in mediating transactivation function. We further demonstrate that this mutant is competent in dimerization with not only itself but also wild type OCT4 and can interfere with the activity of wild type OCT4, thus acting as a dominant negative mutant. Indeed, this mutant can induce the differentiation of P19 cells into trophoblast-like giant cells. These data suggest that this dominant negative form of OCT4 may be a useful tool for modulating the activity of OCT4 in pluripotent cells such as embryonic stem cells to achieve the desired cell types for therapeutic applications.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pharmacology and State Key Laboratory of Biomembrane and Membrane Biotechnology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Guangjin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Baomin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hans R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Schöler
authors.forename: Duanqing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pei
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D019281:Dimerization; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D005799:Genes, Dominant; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009154:Mutation; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D050814:Octamer Transcription Factor-3; C494173:POU5F1 protein, human; C494174:Pou5f1 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins