title: Comparison of t-PA and u-PA levels in maximal treadmill and deep-water running.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The differences of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA) and tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) between maximal treadmill and deep-water running have not been reported. The purpose of this investigation was to compare u-PA and t-PA levels during maximal treadmill and deep-water running.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six male subjects carried out two maximal exercises, one on a treadmill and the other running in deep water using a vest. The u-PA, t-PA, total plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1), epinephrine, and norepinephrine in plasma and lactate and ammonia in blood concentrations were measured after maximal exercise.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The blood lactate and ammonia concentrations were significantly higher in treadmill running than in deep-water running during recovery following exercise (P < 0.05). At 1 min after exercise, the plasma epinephrine, norepinephrine levels, and the u-PA and t-PA levels were higher in treadmill running compared with that in deep-water running (P < 0.05). No significant difference between the two runs was found in PAI-1 level.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The maximal treadmill running induced a greater increase in u-PA and t-PA levels than maximal deep-water running.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Studies, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8555, Japan. ohkuwa.tetsuo@nitech.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkuwa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D010960:Plasminogen Activators / Q000097:blood*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood*; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; D010960:Plasminogen Activators; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine