title: Versican expression in pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: an immunohistochemical study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the expression of versican, a large proteoglycan involved in repressing adhesion between cells and the extracellular matrix in pharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (PSCC), and its relation to the expression of p53 and catenins, histological differentiation, clinical data, and prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the retrospective survey, primary tumours for analyses were obtained from 118 patients diagnosed with PSCC of the oropharynx or hypopharynx. The immunohistochemical expression of versican was studied and was related to the expression pattern of p53 and catenins, in addition to clinical data and survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the primary tumours, strong stromal versican expression was graded as low in 59 (50%) and high in 59 (50%) cases. In addition, intracellular versican staining was seen in nine (8%) tumours. In local lymph node metastases, strong stromal versican staining was significantly more frequent compared with the primary tumours (p = 0.018). Strong stromal versican staining was more frequently seen in less advanced tumours (p = 0.015). There was no association between versican expression and the other investigated variables (p53, catenins, TNM status, and histological grade). Neither stromal nor intracellular versican expression predicted overall survival in these patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Versican was more strongly expressed in the stroma of local metastases and in the earlier stages of disease in PSCC. However, versican expression was not an independent prognostic factor in this entity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Kuopio, Kuopio University Hospital, PO Box 1777, FIN-70211, Kuopio, Finland. Matti.Pukkila@kuh.fi
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Pukkila
authors.forename: A S T
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kosunen
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Virtaniemi
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kumpulainen
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kellokoski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nuutinen
authors.forename: V-M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Kosma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010610:Pharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D053675:Versicans
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C508322:VCAN protein, human; D053675:Versicans