title: Lack of efficacy of clopidogrel pre-treatment in the prevention of myocardial damage after elective stent implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The object of this study was to determine the effect of pre-treatment with clopidogrel in patients undergoing elective stent implantation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The treatment of patients with adenosine diphosphate receptor blockers after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) with stent implantation has been shown to decrease the incidence of subacute stent thrombosis. Furthermore, non-randomized studies on pre-treatment with clopidogrel among patients undergoing stent implantation have suggested a reduction in myocardial damage and clinical events. The effect of pre-treatment with clopidogrel has been studied in only a few randomized trials.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a randomized trial, three days of pre-treatment with clopidogrel was compared with standard post-procedural treatment in 203 patients undergoing elective stent implantation. The primary end point was a rise in troponin I or creatine kinase-MB fraction (CK-MB) serum levels at 6 to 8 and 16 to 24 h after PCI. Secondary end points were death, stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary bypass grafting, repeated PCI, and subacute stent thrombosis at one and six months after PCI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No difference was found between non-pre-treated and pre-treated patients in the post-procedural elevation of troponin I (42 [43.3%] vs. 48 [51.1%], respectively, p = 0.31) or CK-MB (6 [6.3%] vs. 7 [7.4%], respectively, p = 0.78). Adjustment for possible confounding factors did not change these findings. Patient follow-up at one and six months showed no significant difference between the treatment groups in death, stroke, myocardial infarction, coronary artery bypass grafting, repeated PCI, or subacute stent thrombosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this randomized study, no beneficial effect of pre-treatment with clopidogrel on post-procedural elevation of troponin I and CK-MB or on clinical events after one and sixth months could be demonstrated. The study suggests that among patients with stable coronary syndromes in whom coronary stent implantation is planned, pre-treatment may not be beneficial in reducing early myocardial damage.
authors.affiliation: Amsterdam Department for Intervention Cardiology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dirk J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: van der Heijden
authors.forename: Iris C D
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Westendorp
authors.forename: Robert K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Riezebos
authors.forename: Ferdinand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kiemeneij
authors.forename: Ton
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Slagboom
authors.forename: L Ron
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: van der Wieken
authors.forename: Gert-Jan
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Laarman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009426:Netherlands; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015607:Stents; D013988:Ticlopidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019210:Troponin I; D000077144:Clopidogrel; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D013988:Ticlopidine