title: Xanthine oxidase inhibitors from the leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers.
abstract: Xanthine oxidase (XOD) is a key enzyme playing a role in hyperuricemia, catalyzing the oxidation of hypoxanthine to xanthine and then to uric acid. This study aimed to identify the XOD inhibitors from the leaves of Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers. (Lythraceae), which was traditionally used as a folk medicine in the Philippines. Using a bioassay-guided fractionation technique, two active compounds were isolated from the aqueous extracts of the Lagerstroemia speciosa leaves, namely valoneic acid dilactone (VAD) and ellagic acid (EA). The result demonstrated that the XOD-inhibitory effect of VAD was a stronger than that of allopurinol, a clinical drug used for XOD inhibitor, with a non-competitive mode for the enzyme with respect to xanthine as the substrate. These results may explain and support the dietary use of the aqueous extracts from Lagerstroemia speciosa leaves for the prevention and treatment of hyperuricemia.
authors.affiliation: Central Research Institute, ITO EN Ltd. 21 Mekami, Sagara-cho, Haibara-gun, Shizuoka 421-0516, Japan. t-unno@itoen.co.jp
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Unno
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Takami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakuda
mesh_terms: D000493:Allopurinol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006074:Gout Suppressants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D031563:Lagerstroemia; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006074:Gout Suppressants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D000493:Allopurinol; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase