title: Homoharringtonine mediates myeloid cell apoptosis via upregulation of pro-apoptotic bax and inducing caspase-3-mediated cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP).
abstract: Homoharringtonine (HHT) is a plant alkaloid with antileukemia activity that is currently being used for treatment of acute, chronic leukemias and MDS. In this study, we show that HHT can induce apoptosis in a variety of human myeloid leukemia cell lines (U937, HL-60, HEL, THP, and K562). U937 and HL60 cells undergo rapid apoptosis on treatment with HHT, as indicated by increased annexin V binding capacity, caspase-3 activation, and cleavage of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). In addition, the expression of bax is upregulated during HHT-induced cell death, whereas the expression of bcl-2 is only slightly decreased. Importantly, treatment of primary leukemic cells, obtained from acute myeloid leukemia patients, resulted in rapid apoptosis. Thus, our data provide the mechanism of HHT and justify the use of HHT in the treatment of human myeloid leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology, First Affiliated Hospital of ZheJiang University, Hangzhou, China.
authors.forename: Lou
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yinjun
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jie
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Weilai
authors.forename: Tong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Xiangming
mesh_terms: D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006248:Harringtonines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077863:Homoharringtonine; D006801:Humans; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000473:pathology*; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000473:pathology; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; C494826:BAX protein, human; D006248:Harringtonines; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D000077863:Homoharringtonine; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases