title: Risks of interleukin-1 genetic polymorphisms and Helicobacter pylori infection in the development of gastric cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The host genetic factors that determine the clinical outcomes of Helicobacter pylori-infected individuals remain unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate the risks of host interleukin-1 (IL-1) genetic polymorphisms and H. pylori infection in the development of gastric cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a case-control study of 164 controls and 142 patients with gastric cancer, the IL-1B-511 biallelic polymorphisms and the IL-1RN penta-allelic variable number of tandem repeats were genotyped.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The carriage of IL-1RN*2, male gender, old age and H. pylori infection independently increased the risk of gastric cancer, with odds ratios of 3.3 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.4-7.7], 2.1 (95% CI, 1.2-3.8), 5.3 (95% CI, 3.1-9.0) and 2.2 (95% CI, 1.3-3.8), respectively. H. pylori-infected individuals who were carriers of IL-1RN*2 showed increased risks of both intestinal and diffuse types of gastric cancer, with odds ratios of 11.0 and 8.7, respectively. In addition, these individuals also had a higher score of intestinal metaplasia in the corpus than did uninfected non-carriers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first to verify IL-1RN*2 as an independent factor governing the development of gastric cancer in Asian individuals. A combination of H. pylori testing and host genotyping may target the eradication of H. pylori to high-risk individuals.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: C-N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: P-I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: K-H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: H-H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Tseng
authors.forename: P-N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: G-H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: C-C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: C-K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: I-R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
authors.forename: H-C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000235:genetics*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1