title: [Determination of beta-hexosaminidase and gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activities in urine of pregnant women to monitor alcohol consumption].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Drinking of alcohol by pregnant women provokes many fetal development disorders, first of all the function of central nervous system and can lead to Fetal Alcohol Syndrome - FAS.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Aims of investigation were to determine beta - hexosaminidase (HEX) and gamma - glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) activity in the urine to monitoring consumption of alcohol by pregnant women in first trimester and to assess the effect of ethyl alcohol on fetus development.
  
  
  METHODS
  22 pregnant women, who did not declare consumption of ethanol containing drinks. The level of creatinine, GGT and HEX in urine was analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preliminary results of our study indicate that determination of GGT and HEX activities could be useful in monitoring of alcohol consumption during pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Połoznictwa i Ginekologii, Instytut Matki i Dziecka, Kasprzaka 17a, 01-211 Warszawa, Poland.
authors.forename: Krzysztof Tomasz
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Niemiec
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Raczynski
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Laskowska-Klita
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Czerwinska
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zawartka-Bielas
authors.forename: Jerzy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leibschang
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pawlowska
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000652:urine*; D003401:Creatine / Q000652:urine; D000431:Ethanol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D063647:Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D001619:beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases / Q000652:urine*; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001619:beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases; D003401:Creatine