title: C225 antiepidermal growth factor receptor antibody enhances the efficacy of docetaxel chemoradiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  C225 anti-EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) antibody has been shown to enhance tumor response to radiation and a number of chemotherapeutic agents. Because of increased use of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in cancer treatment, it is important to determine whether C225 enhances also the antitumor efficacy of radiation when combined with chemotherapy. This study assessed the effect of C225 on tumor response when combined with docetaxel plus single or fractionated radiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  MDA468 human adenocarcinoma and A431 human epidermoid carcinoma cells growing as xenografts in the right hind leg of nude mice were used. Mice bearing 8-mm tumors were treated with C225 antibody at a dose of 1 mg given i.p. once, twice, or three times 3 days apart, 10 or 30 mg/kg docetaxel given i.v., and/or local tumor irradiation of 8 or 10 Gy single dose or fractionated irradiation consisting of 2 Gy daily for 5 days. When all three agents were combined, C225 was given 6 h before or 18 h after docetaxel, and radiation was given 24 h after docetaxel. The treatment end point was tumor growth delay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  C225 enhanced the antitumor efficacy of docetaxel, local tumor irradiation, and docetaxel combined with radiation. The response of both MDA468 and A431 carcinomas was enhanced. The enhancement factors ranged from 1.19 to 8.52, the degree of the enhancement depending on experimental conditions such as administration of multiple vs. single dose C225 or single or fractionated irradiation. C225 given twice or 3 times was more effective than when administered as a single dose. The effect of C225 was more pronounced when combined with single than fractionated irradiation with or without docetaxel. The triple-agent therapy was more effective than a single agent or double combination therapies, expressed by both increased tumor growth delay and the rate of tumor cure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that C225 anti-EGFR antibody is a potent enhancer of tumor response to docetaxel or radiation as single agents, and to docetaxel when combined with radiation. Thus, these findings provide strong preclinical evidence in support of combination of anti-EGFR blockade with chemoradiotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Radiation Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Eiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nakata
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Kathy
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: K Kian
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Ang
authors.forename: Luka
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Milas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068818:Cetuximab; D000077143:Docetaxel; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D043823:Taxoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D043823:Taxoids; D000077143:Docetaxel; D000068818:Cetuximab