title: Excretion of major odor-causing and acidifying compounds in response to dietary supplementation of chicory inulin in growing pigs.
abstract: The excretion of major odor-causing and acidifying compounds in response to dietary supplementation of chicory inulin extract was investigated with six Yorkshire barrows, with an average initial BW of 30 kg, according to a balanced two-period cross-over design. The animals were fed a control diet containing no inulin extract and a treatment diet with 5% inulin extract (as-fed basis) at the expense of cornstarch. Each diet was formulated (as-fed basis) to contain 16% CP from corn (51%) and soybean meal (29%). Each experimental period lasted 14 d, with 10 d for dietary adaptation and 4 d for collection of fecal and urine samples. The fecal samples were analyzed for four major classes of odor-causing and acidifying compounds: 1) VFA; 2) N-containing compounds, including total N and ammonia; 3) volatile sulfides measured as hydrogen sulfide units; and 4) phenols and indoles, including p-cresol, indole, and skatole. Supplementation of chicory inulin at 5% had no effects on the fecal excretion of VFA (P = 0.29), ammonia (P = 0.96), total volatile sulfides (P = 0.56), p-cresol (P = 0.56), and indole (P = 0.75). Fecal excretion of total N (inulin = 6.13 vs. control = 5.10 g/kg DMI) was increased (P < 0.05), whereas urinary total N excretion (inulin = 15.1 vs. control = 16.4 g/[pig x d]) was not affected (P = 0.17) by the inulin supplementation compared with the control group. Furthermore, fecal excretion of skatole (inulin = 9.07 vs. control = 18.93 mg/kg DMI) was decreased (P < 0.05) by the inulin supplementation compared with the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 5% chicory inulin extract is effective in decreasing the fecal excretion of skatole in growing pigs fed corn and soybean meal diets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada.
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Rideout
authors.forename: M Z
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cant
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wagner-Riddle
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stonehouse
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D018651:Cichorium intybus; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D007444:Inulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D009812:Odorants / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D011897:Random Allocation; D012862:Skatole / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D010636:Phenols; D000641:Ammonia; D007444:Inulin; D012862:Skatole; D009584:Nitrogen