title: Postmenopausal estrogen use affects risk for Parkinson disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although estrogen therapy has been associated with improved cognitive functioning, a reduced risk of dementia in women with Parkinson disease (PD), and a decreased risk of Alzheimer disease, estrogen therapy has not affected the risk of PD per se.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether postmenopausal women with PD differed from control subjects with regard to estrogen exposure.Design, Setting, and Patients A case-control design was used, abstracting questionnaire data obtained via interview from 133 female PD cases and 128 female controls during routine outpatient clinic visits in 1999 at a mid-Atlantic tertiary care referral center. There were 140 subjects (68 PD cases and 72 controls) who met the inclusion criteria. Main Outcome Measure Use of postmenopausal estrogen therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  More women in the control group than in the PD group took postmenopausal estrogen (36 [50%] of 72 women vs 17 [25%] of 68 women; P<.003), and women who had taken postmenopausal estrogen were less likely to develop PD than those who had not (odds ratio, 0.40 [95% confidence interval, 0.19-0.84]; P<.02). Among PD cases only, postmenopausal estrogen use was not associated with age of onset.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Postmenopausal estrogen therapy may be associated with a reduced risk of PD in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA. ljc3u@virginia.edu
authors.forename: Lillian J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Currie
authors.forename: Madaline B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Joel M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Trugman
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: G Frederick
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Wooten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000187:drug effects*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens