title: Geographic variation in the G matrices of wild populations of the barn swallow.
abstract: In this paper, we present an analysis of genetic variation in three wild populations of the barn swallow, Hirundo rustica. We estimated the P, E, and G matrices for six linear morphological measurements and tested for variation among populations using the Flury hierarchical method and the jackknife followed by MANOVA method. Because of nonpositive-definite matrices, we had to employ 'bending' to analyse the G and E matrices with the Flury method. Both statistical methods agree in finding that the P and G matrices are significantly different but comparison between the analysis of the P matrices and pairwise analyses of the P, E, and G matrices suggests caution in interpreting the Flury results concerning differences in matrix structure. The significant variation among the populations in the G matrices appears to be due in large measure to the most geographically distant population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA. Derek.Roff@ucr.edu
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Roff
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mousseau
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Møller
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Lope
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005843:Geography; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D011336:Probability; D046388:Swallows / Q000235:genetics*