title: Decreased amphetamine-induced locomotion and improved latent inhibition in mice mutant for the M5 muscarinic receptor gene found in the human 15q schizophrenia region.
abstract: M5 muscarinic receptors are coexpressed with D2 dopamine receptors in the ventral tegmentum and striatum, and are important for reward in rodents. Previously, we reported that disruption of the M5 receptor gene in mice reduced dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens. In this study, we established a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) genotyping method for M5 mutant mice, and, using RT-PCR, found that M5 mRNA expression was highest in the ventral tegmentum, striatum, and thalamus in wild-type mice. In the M5 mutant mice, D2 mRNA expression was increased in several brain structures, including the striatum. Genome mapping studies showed the M5 gene is localized to chromosome 2E4 in mice, and to 15q13 in humans in the region that has been linked to schizophrenia. Amphetamine-induced locomotion, but not baseline locomotion or motor functions, decreased in M5 mutant mice, consistent with lower accumbal dopamine release. Previous reports found latent inhibition improvement in rats following nucleus accumbens lesions, or blockade of dopamine D2 receptors with neuroleptic drugs. Here, latent inhibition was significantly increased in M5 mutant mice as compared with controls, consistent with reduced dopamine function in the nucleus accumbens. In summary, our results showed that M5 gene disruption in mice decreased amphetamine-induced locomotion and increased latent inhibition, suggesting that increased M5 mesolimbic function may be relevant to schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: Haoran
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Xiangrong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blaha
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yeomans
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D015139:Blotting, Southern / Q000379:methods; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002884:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 15; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D043642:Receptor, Muscarinic M5 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043642:Receptor, Muscarinic M5; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D000661:Amphetamine