title: Antimicrobial susceptibility of 128 Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and paratyphi A isolates from northern India.
abstract: Most systemic Salmonella enterica serovar typhi and paratyphi A infections diagnosed in the United States (up to 70%) are acquired during travel to regions of high endemicity. Increasing resistance to agents commonly used for the treatment of such infections (including multidrug resistant isolates) is being reported from several areas of the world (Southeast Asia, Africa, Latin America). Since regional differences in susceptibility patterns may exist, we sought to determine the frequency of antimicrobial resistance among blood and stool isolates (n = 128) from patients in Northwestern India. Salmonella enterica serotype typhi (n = 101) isolates from 14 patients were susceptible to all agents tested. Among 55 isolates with single drug resistance, 44 (81%) were resistant to chloramphenicol. Multidrug resistant (>/=3 drugs) Salmonella enterica was more common in pediatric patients (10 of 30) compared to adults (10 of 71 patients; p = 0.05). All isolates (S. enterica serovar typhi and serovar paratyphi A) were susceptible to ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone. Travelers to Northwestern India may still receive trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, or ciprofloxacin for effective chemoprophylaxis if indicated. Ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin remain favorable choices for treatment of patients with enteric fever in this region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control, and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA. asafdar@mail.mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Amar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Safdar
authors.forename: Harjit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Elting
authors.forename: Kenneth V I
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Rolston
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007297:Inpatients; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology; D012482:Salmonella paratyphi A / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012703:Serotyping; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents