title: Effectiveness of HIV prevention in Ontario, Canada: a multilevel comparison of bisexual men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effectiveness of community-level HIV prevention programming for men who have sex with men.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used multilevel methods to examine unprotected intercourse by bisexual men (n = 1016) with male and female partners in geographic regions with and without HIV prevention programming.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Men living in geographic regions with HIV prevention programming had significantly less frequent unprotected homosexual intercourse with both casual and regular partners. In contrast, no differences were observed for unprotected heterosexual intercourse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence supporting the effectiveness of community-level HIV prevention programming and the need for its broader implementation. The study also demonstrates the suitability of multilevel methods for examining the effectiveness of community-level public health programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health and Epidemiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors.forename: Chad A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Leaver
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Allman
authors.forename: Ted
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Meyers
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Veugelers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001727:Bisexuality / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003153:Community Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006302:Health Services Research / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008571:Men / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D015397:Program Evaluation; D015980:Public Health Practice; D012307:Risk Factors; D021841:Safe Sex / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012736:Sex Education / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012747:Sexual Partners; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires