title: Cyclin D1 is essential for neoplastic transformation induced by both E6/E7 and E6/E7/ErbB-2 cooperation in normal cells.
abstract: More than 25% of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and 99% of cervical cancers (CxCa) are positive for high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPVs). Furthermore, the type I tyrosine kinase receptor ErbB-2 is overexpressed in at least 30% of HNSCC and CxCa. Recently, we demonstrated that E6/E7 of HPV type 16 cooperate with ErbB-2 to induce cell transformation of human normal oral epithelial (NOE) cells. This is accompanied by overexpression of cyclin D1 in NOE cells. To determine the role of cyclin D1 in E6/E7/ErbB-2 cooperation, we examined the independent effects of E6/E7 and ErbB-2, and the combined effect of E6/E7 and ErbB-2 in mouse normal embryonic fibroblast (NEF), wild type (wt), and knockout cyclin D1 (D1(-/-)) cells. We report that NEF-wt cells transduced with E6/E7 alone and E6/E7/ErbB-2 together form small and large tumors in nude mice, respectively, as well as different sized colonies in soft agar; whereas ErbB-2 alone elicits neither tumor formation in vivo nor colony formation in soft agar. More importantly, E6/E7, ErbB-2 and E6/E7/ErbB-2 together all fail to induce neoplastic transformation of cyclin D1(-/-) cells in vivo and in vitro. Furthermore, using antisense cyclin D1 we completely inhibited tumor and colony formation of NEF-wt-E6/E7 and wt-E6/E7-ErbB-2 as well as human NOE-E6/E7-ErbB-2-transformed cells. These analyses reveal that cyclin D1 is the downstream target of the neoplastic transformation induced by E6/E7 or E6/E7/ErbB-2 cooperation in normal cells. Our data suggest that anti-cyclin D1 therapy may be highly specific in the treatment of all human cancers expressing high-risk HPVs or HPVs/ErbB-2.
authors.affiliation: Program in Cancer Genetics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada. aalmoust@1-di.jgh.mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Ala-Eddin
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Al Moustafa
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Foulkes
authors.forename: Annick
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Houda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jallal
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Batist
authors.forename: Qunyan
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Meenhard
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herlyn
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sicinski
authors.forename: Moulay A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alaoui-Jamali
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000166:cytology; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000378:metabolism; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019938:Cyclin D1; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases