title: Effect of intraoperative intravenous crystalloid infusion on postoperative nausea and vomiting after gynaecological laparoscopy: comparison of 30 and 10 ml kg(-1).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  I.V. fluid administration has been shown to reduce postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). The optimum dose is unknown. We tested the hypothesis that administration of i.v. crystalloid of 30 ml kg(-1) would reduce the incidence of PONV compared with 10 ml kg(-1) of the same fluid.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 141 ASA I female patients undergoing elective gynaecological laparoscopy were randomized, in double-blind fashion, to receive either 10 ml kg(-1) (n=71; CSL-10 group) or 30 ml kg(-1) (n=70; CSL-30 group) of i.v. compound sodium lactate (CSL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first 48 h after anaesthesia, the incidence of vomiting was lower in the CSL-30 group than in the CSL-10 group (8.6% vs 25.7%, P=0.01). Anti-emetic use was less in the CSL-30 group at 0.5 h (2.9% vs 14.3%, P=0.04). The incidence of severe nausea was significantly reduced in the treatment group at awakening (2.9% vs 15.7%, P=0.02), 2 h (0.0% vs 8.6%, P=0.04) and cumulatively (5.7% vs 27.1%, P=0.001). The numbers needed to treat to prevent vomiting, severe nausea and antiemetic use in the first 48 h were 6, 5 and 6, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  I.V. administration of CSL 30 ml kg(-1) to healthy women undergoing day-case gynaecological laparoscopy reduced the incidence of vomiting, nausea and anti-emetic use when compared with CSL 10 ml kg(-1).
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Rotunda Hospital, Parnell Square, Dublin 1, Ireland. jjmagner@irishanaesthesia.com
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Magner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McCaul
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gardiner
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buggy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D000932:Antiemetics / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D010535:Laparoscopy; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000932:Antiemetics; D000077324:Crystalloid Solutions; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D010952:Plasma Substitutes