title: Identification of peptides that antagonize formyl peptide receptor-like 1-mediated signaling.
abstract: Formyl peptide receptor-like 1 (FPRL1) is an important classical chemoattractant receptor that is expressed in phagocytic cells in the peripheral blood and brain. Recently, various novel agonists have been identified from several origins, such as host-derived molecules. Activation of FPRL1 is closely related to inflammatory responses in the host defense mechanism and neurodegenerative disorders. In the present study we identified several novel peptides by screening hexapeptide libraries that inhibit the binding of one of FPRL1's agonists (Trp-Lys-Tyr-Met-Val-D-Met-CONH(2) (WKYMVm)) to its specific receptor, FPRL1, in RBL-2H3 cells. Among the novel peptides, Trp-Arg-Trp-Trp-Trp-Trp-CONH(2) (WRWWWW (WRW(4))) showed the most potent activity in terms of inhibiting WKYMVm binding to FPRL1. We also found that WRW(4) inhibited the activation of FPRL1 by WKYMVm, resulting in the complete inhibition of the intracellular calcium increase, extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation, and chemotactic migration of cells toward WKYMVm. For the receptor specificity of WRW(4) to the FPR family, we observed that WRW(4) specifically inhibit the increase in intracellular calcium by the FPRL1 agonists MMK-1, amyloid beta42 (Abeta42) peptide, and F peptide, but not by the FPR agonist, fMLF. To investigate the effect of WRW(4) on endogenous FPRL1 ligand-induced cellular responses, we examined its effect on Abeta42 peptide in human neutrophils. Abeta42 peptide-induced superoxide generation and chemotactic migration of neutrophils were inhibited by WRW(4), which also completely inhibited the internalization of Abeta42 peptide in human macrophages. WRW(4) is the first specific FPRL1 antagonist and is expected to be useful in the study of FPRL1 signaling and in the development of drugs against FPRL1-related diseases.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Center for Cancer Molecular Therapy and Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 602-714, Korea. yoesik@donga.ac.kr
authors.forename: Yoe-Sik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Ha Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun Jin
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Jo
authors.forename: Jung Im
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun-Kyu
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Jong-Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Sung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ryu
mesh_terms: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis; D006801:Humans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000502:physiology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D044042:Receptors, Formyl Peptide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D044067:Receptors, Lipoxin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; C105101:FPR2 protein, human; D009842:Oligopeptides; D044042:Receptors, Formyl Peptide; D044067:Receptors, Lipoxin; D013481:Superoxides; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D002118:Calcium