title: Self-efficacy to refrain from smoking predicted by major depression and nicotine dependence.
abstract: Little is known about the specific pathways between depression and low self-efficacy to stop smoking, particularly among the general population. The goal was to examine whether depression and nicotine dependence may predict the confidence in the ability to refrain from smoking (CAS). A random population sample aged 18-64 was used from northern Germany. It included 1520 current smokers, who were eligible for a first follow-up after 30 months and a second follow-up after 36 months. The results show that DSM-IV major depression and nicotine dependence, the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND), the number of cigarettes smoked, the age at onset of daily smoking, and the intention to stop smoking predict the CAS. It is concluded that there may be an additive effect from nicotine dependence and major depression on the CAS.
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Institute of Epidemiology and Social Medicine, University of Greifswald, W.-Rathenau-Strasse/48, 17487 Greifswald, Germany. ujohn@uni-greifswald.de
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: John
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Rumpf
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hapke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000523:psychology*