Cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes. Do we follow the guidelines?
OBJECTIVE
To assess the degree of control of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (CRFs) in type 2 diabetic patients.


METHODS
Cross-sectional study in 501 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The following parameters were used to define optimal control: glycated haemoglobin (HbA(1C)) <7.0%, fasting plasma glucose (FPG) <7.2 mmol/l, postprandial capillary glucose (PCG) <10.0 mmol/l, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) >1.1 mmol/l, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) <2.6 mmol/l, triglyceride levels (TG) <1.7 mmol/l, systolic blood pressure (SBP) <130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) <80 mmHg, body mass index (BMI) <25 kg/m2, waist circumference (WC) <88 cm in women and <102 cm in men, and current non-smoking status. The use of various cardioprotective medications was also evaluated.


RESULTS
Mean (+/-S.D.) age was 65.4 +/- 11.9 years, 218 (44%) were male. Ninety-six (19%) met coronary artery disease (CAD). Two hundred seven patients (41%) had an HbA(1C) <7.0%, 134 (27%) a FPG <7.2 mmol/l and 231 of 353 (65%) a PCG <10.0 mmol/l. Only 206 (41%) achieved an LDL-C <2.6 mmol/l, but 370 (74%) and 308 (62%) reached an HDL-C >1.1 mmol/l and a TG levels <1.7 mmol/l, respectively. In 359 (72%) patients DBP was <80 mmHg, but in only 136 (27%) was SBP <130 mmHg. Sixty four (13%) achieved a BMI <25 kg/m2, and 420 (84%) were non-smokers. Forty three (15%) women and 104 (48%) men had a WC <88 or <102 cm, respectively. None of the patients had optimal control of all CRFs.


CONCLUSIONS
These data demonstrate poor control of modifiable CRFs in the population studied, and support the need for great effort to achieve the recommended goals.
del Cañizo-Gómez
Francisco Javier
FJ
Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Virgen de la Torre, Puerto Lumbreras 5, 28031 Madrid, Spain. fdelcanizogomez@hotmail.com
Moreira-Andrés
María Natividad
MN
D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012307:Risk Factors
D001786:Blood Glucose; D008074:Lipoproteins