title: Cysteine proteases in phytopathogenic bacteria: identification of plant targets and activation of innate immunity.
abstract: Phytopathogenic bacteria use the type-III secretion system (TTSS) to inject effector proteins into plant cells, presumably to colonize their hosts. The function of these proteins inside plant cells has remained a mystery for years. The recent discovery that the effectors XopD, AvrXv4, AvrPphB, and AvrRpt2 have cysteine protease functions reveals that the proteolysis of host substrates is an important strategy employed by pathogens to alter plant physiology. Moreover, the characterization of these proteases and their targets provides new insight to mechanisms of bacterial virulence and the activation of plant immunity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5020, USA.
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hotson
authors.forename: Mary Beth
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Mudgett
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism*; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008954:Models, Biological; D010944:Plants / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases