title: Does fetal screening affect women's worries about the health of their baby? A randomized controlled trial of ultrasound screening for Down's syndrome versus routine ultrasound screening.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Screening for fetal abnormality may increase women's anxiety as attention is directed at the possibility of something being wrong with the baby. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ultrasound screening for Down's syndrome on women's anxiety in mid-pregnancy and 2 months after delivery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two thousand and twenty-six women were randomly allocated to an ultrasound examination at 12-14 gestational weeks (gws) including risk assessment for Down's syndrome or to a routine scan at 15-20 gws. Questionnaires including the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), the Cambridge Worry Scale (CWS), and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) were filled in at baseline in early pregnancy, at 24 gws and 2 months after delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant differences were found between the trial groups regarding women's worries about the health of the baby, general anxiety and depressive symptoms during pregnancy or 2 months after delivery. Women's worries about something being wrong with the baby in the early ultrasound group and routine group, respectively, decreased from baseline (39.1% versus 36.0%) to mid-pregnancy (29.2% versus 27.8%), and finally to 2 months after delivery (5.2% versus 6.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fetal screening for Down's syndrome by an early ultrasound scan did not cause more anxiety or concerns about the health of the baby in mid-pregnancy or 2 months after birth than in women who had a routine scan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. susanne.georgsson@omv.ki.se
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Georgsson Ohman
authors.forename: Sissel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saltvedt
authors.forename: Charlotta
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grunewald
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Waldenström
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007229:Infant Welfare; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000523:psychology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D018570:Risk Assessment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000523:psychology