title: Methylation and expression of the lactoferrin gene in human tissues and cancer cells.
abstract: The lactoferrin gene promoter contains GC-rich regions that harbor consensus sequences for a variety of transcription factors. Previous work in our laboratory has demonstrated a link between methylation at the CpG sites of the mouse lactoferrin gene promoter and the level of its expression. The current work investigates the methylation profile in three regions of the human lactoferrin gene by bisulfite genomic sequencing. In addition, the methylation profiles of normal leukocyte DNA, and leukemia cell line and patient DNA were compared. The three regions are located at the -504/-190, which includes the estrogen response element, the -282/+271 which contains the lactoferrin promoter and the +1087/+1476, a region within the first intron that has the alternative delta lactoferrin promoter. Differential methylations were found within all the regions. Increased methylation at the CpG sites and the presence of non-CpG methylation of the lactoferrin promoters were found in the cancer samples.
authors.affiliation: Gene Regulation Section, Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. Teng@niehs.nih.gov
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Wesley
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gladwell
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Raphiou
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D018899:CpG Islands; D019175:DNA Methylation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D013447:Sulfites / Q000378:metabolism; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D013447:Sulfites; D007781:Lactoferrin; C009279:sodium bisulfite