title: HIV-1 Tat-mediated protein transduction of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase into pancreatic beta cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are considered an important mediator in pancreatic beta cell destruction, thereby triggering the development of insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we investigated the HIV-1 Tat protein transduction domain-mediated transduction of Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD), which supplies SOD activity exogenously in pancreatic beta cells under oxidative stress. Tat-SOD fusion protein was successfully delivered into insulin-producing RINm5F cells and rat islet cells. The intracellular dismutation activities of SOD were found to increase in line with the amount of protein delivered into the cells. ROS, nitric oxide-induced cell death, lipid peroxidation, and the DNA fragmentation of insulin-producing cells were found to be significantly reduced when the cells were pretreated with Tat-SOD. Next, we examined the in vivo transduction of Tat-SOD into streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. A single intraperitoneal injection of Tat-SOD resulted in the delivery of this biologically active enzyme to the pancreas. Moreover, increased radical scavenging activity in the pancreas was induced by multiple injections of Tat-SOD, and this enhanced the tolerance of pancreatic beta cells to oxidative stress. These results suggest that the transduction of Tat-SOD offers a new strategy for protecting pancreatic beta cells from destruction by relieving oxidative stress in ROS-implicated diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, South Korea.
authors.forename: Won Sik
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Eum
authors.forename: In Soon
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Choung
authors.forename: Ming Zhen
authors.initials: MZ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jung Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Dae Won
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jinseu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hyeok Yil
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kwon
authors.forename: Soo Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015497:HIV-1; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D015696:Gene Products, tat; D007328:Insulin; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D054322:tat Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase