title: Temporal patterns of negative and positive behavior among nursing home residents with Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: Although clinical observations suggest a late-day peak in disruptive behavior in persons with dementia, results from studies of temporal patterns of behavior are equivocal. This study used direct observation methods and systematic time sampling to examine temporal patterns of negative and positive behavior in 177 residents of 2 long-term care facilities with clinically diagnosed Alzheimer's disease (AD). The authors found small statistically significant diurnal variation in both negative and positive behavior, characterized by a curvilinear pattern with a single peak. This pattern was unaffected by seasonal differences in length of day, severity of cognitive impairment, level of behavior, or sleep disturbances. Time when behavior peaked differed by type of behavior and by facility, and there was substantial heterogeneity in behavior patterns.
authors.affiliation: Rush Institute for Healthy Aging, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA. judy_j_mccann@rush.edu
authors.forename: Judith J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Gilley
authors.forename: Julia L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bienias
authors.forename: Laurel A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Beckett
authors.forename: Denis A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Evans
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009735:Nursing Homes; D010507:Periodicity; D013997:Time Factors