title: Interferon gamma enhances both in vitro and in vivo priming of CD4+ T cells for IL-4 production.
abstract: Classical studies have demonstrated that in vitro priming of naive CD4 T cells to become T helper (Th)2 cells is strikingly dependent on interleukin (IL)-4, whereas priming for interferon (IFN)gamma production is IL-12/IFNgamma-dependent. Therefore, it was quite surprising when we noted that priming of naive C57BL/6 CD4(+) cells to become IL-4 producers was substantially inhibited by the addition of anti-IFNgamma antibodies. This was true using immobilized anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 antibodies or soluble anti-CD3/anti-CD28 and antigen-presenting cells in the presence or absence of added IL-4. Priming of CD4 T cells from IFNgamma(-/-) C57BL/6 mice with immobilized anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 resulted in limited production of IL-4, even with the addition of 1,000 U/ml of IL-4. Titrating IFNgamma into such cultures showed a striking increase in the proportion of T cells that secreted IL-4 upon challenge; this effect was completely IL-4-dependent in that it was blocked with anti-IL-4 antibody. Thus, IFNgamma plays an unanticipated but substantial role in Th2 priming, although it is an important Th1 cytokine, and under certain circumstances a Th1 inducer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, LAboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 6610 Rockledge Dr., Rm. 3060, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. pbocek@niaid.nih.gov
authors.forename: Petr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bocek
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Foucras
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Paul
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000172:deficiency / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D014157:Transcription Factors; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma