title: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS): the pharmacist's role.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  After two outbreaks of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) occurred in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, from March-June 2003, we reviewed the unexpected role and responsibilities of pharmacists during these two crises, and present strategies for better crisis preparedness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pharmacists were actively involved in battling the SARS crises. After conducting extensive literature searches and evaluations, pharmacists prepared administration and dosing guidelines for the two investigational drugs, ribavirin and interferon alfacon-1, that were being used to treat the syndrome. They provided direct patient care under modified conditions. They revised drug distribution procedures and developed new ones to meet more stringent infection-control standards. Collaborative teamwork with key stakeholders was important in accomplishing tasks in an efficient and timely manner. Regular communication with health care staff took place internally and externally. Education and updated information for pharmacists was crucial.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pharmacists can play a vital role during crises in the areas of drug distribution, drug information, and direct patient care. Collaborative teamwork and close communication are keys to success. Pharmacists must be proactive and take a leadership role in assuming pharmacy-related responsibilities. By evaluating what worked and what didn't, pharmacists can develop procedures for future crises requiring pharmacy support.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, Inner City Health Program, St. Michael's Hospital, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Thomas W F
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Clarence
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chant
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanzini
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wells
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000145:classification / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003142:Communication; D004196:Disease Outbreaks / Q000517:prevention & control; D004346:Drug Information Services; D006801:Humans; D017758:Infectious Disease Transmission, Patient-to-Professional / Q000517:prevention & control; D008510:Medication Systems, Hospital; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010559:Personnel Management; D010595:Pharmacists; D010607:Pharmacy Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration; D024382:Professional Role; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents