title: Angiogenesis-related factors derived from retinal glial (Müller) cells in hypoxia.
abstract: Retinal glial (Müller) cells may play a major role in vascular eye diseases as they secrete vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), a hypoxia-induced angiogenic cytokine. They also release significant amounts of the anti-angiogenic factors, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta2, pigment epithelium derived factor (PEDF), and thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1). Exposure of human (MIO-M1) and guinea-pig Müller cells to hypoxia resulted in a decreased release of TGF-beta2 and PEDF but in an elevated secretion of TSP-1. When retinal endothelial cells were exposed to VEGF/anti-angiogenic factor ratios mimicking those found in culture media of Müller cells under normoxia or hypoxia, their proliferation was significantly inhibited by TGF-beta2, PEDF or TSP-1. Thus Müller cells may provide a permanent anti-proliferative condition for retinal endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: University of Leipzig, Eye Hospital, Liebigstrasse 10-14, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany. eichwolf@rz.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: Wolfram
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Eichler
authors.forename: Yousef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yafai
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wiedemann
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reichenbach
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D015687:Cell Hypoxia; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005136:Eye Proteins; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012160:Retina / Q000166:cytology*; D015843:Serpins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005136:Eye Proteins; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D011506:Proteins; D015843:Serpins; D019700:Thrombospondin 1; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053781:Transforming Growth Factor beta2; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D000099174:Pigment Epithelium-Derived Factor; C509041:TGFB2 protein, human; C467484:VEGFA protein, human