title: Portable lead analyzer to locate source of lead.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the sources of lead in the environment in children with elevated blood, with the help of a Field Portable X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seven school children were chosen for this study on a random basis, from Mangalore and Karnataka. Their blood lead was analyzed. Of the cases analyzed, 10 students whose blood lead level was more than 40 microg/dl were investigated using a field portable X-Ray Fluorescence Analyzer. This is the first time such a device has been available for this purpose in India.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 'likely' source of lead exposure could be determined in eight cases which was from the immediate environment of the children like 'lead-based' paint on surfaces in the house, on playground and other exterior equipment; lead storage batteries, contaminated dust and soil and other lead-containing substances.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of an X-Ray Fluorescence Analyser appeared to be useful in determining the source of lead.
authors.affiliation: Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, India. ajeenellickal@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuruvilla
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Pillay
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Venkatesh
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Adhikari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chakrapani
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: D'Souza
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Menezes
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nayak
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sinha
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D005453:Fluorescence; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D007854:Lead