A preliminary study of preoperative chemotherapy combining irinotecan and cisplatin in patients with gastric cancer with unresectable para-aortic lymph node metastases.
BACKGROUND
A high response rate has been reported for chemotherapy combining irinotecan (CPT-11) and cisplatin (CDDP) against advanced gastric cancer. The strong anti-tumor activity of this regimen makes it very attractive as a preoperative chemotherapy. We conducted a preliminary study on preoperative chemotherapy with this regimen in patients with unresectable gastric cancer with para-aortic lymph node metastases to evaluate the feasibility of it as a treatment strategy.


METHODS
Patients with unresectable para-aortic lymph node metastasis without distant hematogenous metastasis (H0, M0 and M1 LYM) and peritoneal dissemination (P0) were eligible for entry. The preoperative chemotherapy consisted of at least three cycles of CPT-11 (70 mg/m(2)) on days 1 and 15 and CDDP (80 mg/m(2)) on day 15, repeated every 4-6 weeks. Chemotherapy was followed by surgery with extended lymph node dissection in patients who achieved complete or partial responses and whose cancers were judged to be resectable.


RESULTS
Six patients were entered into the study. In total, 18 cycles of chemotherapy were performed and five patients received at least three cycles. Objective partial responses were achieved in four patients. The major toxicities in the chemotherapy were neutropenia and diarrhea, but these were clinically acceptable. Four patients underwent surgery after the chemotherapy, and macroscopically complete resections with extended lymph node dissection were achieved in two patients. There were no therapy-related deaths. We found no pathological complete responses, but observed a definite histopathological effect caused by the chemotherapy in surgical specimens. The median survival time of all patients was 12 months. The longest survival without relapse is >6 years from the start of therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
We conclude that preoperative chemotherapy with CPT-11/CDDP therapy is feasible in patients with advanced gastric cancer and that the regimen is safe when followed by surgery. Further clinical studies with larger numbers of patients are warranted to evaluate the efficacy of this strategy.
Yamao
Takekazu
T
Department of Internal Medicine, Cancer Institute Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. tyamao-gi@umin.ac.jp
Ohta
Keiichiro
K
Ohyama
Shigekazu
S
Ishihara
Sho
S
Chin
Keisho
K
Maruyama
Masakazu
M
Takahashi
Takashi
T
Nakajima
Toshifusa
T
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy; D006801:Humans; D000077146:Irinotecan; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D011300:Preoperative Care; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
D000077146:Irinotecan; D002945:Cisplatin; D002166:Camptothecin