title: Functional analysis of genomic DNA, cDNA, and nucleotide sequence of the mature C-type natriuretic peptide gene in vascular cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of various C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) sequences (genomic DNA [CNPDNA], cDNA derived from mRNA [CNPcDNA], and sequence coding for 22 amino acids of the mature CNP [CNP22aa]) on the growth of primary porcine vascular cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gene transfer was performed with cationic lipid DOCSPER or linear polyethylenimine. All 3 CNP sequences led to significant inhibition of smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation. In contrast, significant stimulation of cell growth was observed in endothelial cells (ECs) using CNPDNA or CNPcDNA but not CNP22aa. In a porcine restenosis model, a significant reduction in neointima hyperplasia was found 3 months after application of the CNPcDNA vector compared with the control transfection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate that the first intron in the CNP sequence does not contain any additional enhancer-binding sites. However, the signal sequence is indispensable for secretion of CNP and its appropriate physiological function. Furthermore, the results show for the first time the therapeutic effect of CNP using liposome-mediated gene transfer and local adventitial delivery. Advantages of the CNP gene are its dual effects with inhibition of SMC proliferation and simultaneous promotion of EC growth. Functional analysis of various C-type natriuretic peptide (CNP) sequences on growth of vascular cells. For the first time, dual therapeutic effects of CNP with inhibition of smooth muscle cell proliferation and stimulation of re-endothelialization were demonstrated in a pig restenosis model using liposome-mediated gene transfer and local adventitial delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Angiology, University Hospital, Westfaelische Wilhelm University, Muenster, Germany.
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pelisek
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuehnl
authors.forename: Pierre H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Rolland
authors.forename: Choukri
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mekkaoui
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: Greg F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogris
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Sigrid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nikol
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D001158:Arteries / Q000293:injuries; D002455:Cell Division; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000166:cytology; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D007438:Introns; D008081:Liposomes; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D008081:Liposomes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D020098:Natriuretic Peptide, C-Type; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; C073616:atrial natriuretic factor receptor C