title: Isolation of murine hepatic lymphocytes using mechanical dissection for phenotypic and functional analysis of NK1.1+ cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To choose an appropriate methods for the isolation of hepatic lymphocytes between the mechanical dissection and the enzymatic digestion and investigate the effects of two methods on phenotype and function of hepatic lymphocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hepatic lymphocytes were isolated from untreated, poly (I:C)-stimulated or ConA-stimulated mice using the two methods, respectively. The cell yield per liver was evaluated by direct counting under microscope. Effects of digestive enzymes on the surface markers involved in hepatic lymphocytes were represented by relative change rate ((percentage of post-digestion -percentage of pre-digestion)/percentage of pre-digestion). Phenotypic analyses of the subpopulations of hepatic lymphocytes and intracellular cytokines were detected by flow cytometry. The cytotoxicity of NK cells from wild C57BL/6 or poly (I:C)-stimulated C57BL/6 mice was analyzed with a 4-h (51)Cr release assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NK1.1(+) cell markers, NK1.1 and DX5, were significantly down-expressed after enzymatic digestion and their relative change rates were about 28% and 32%, respectively. Compared with the enzymatic digestion, the cell yield isolated from unstimulated, poly (I:C)-treated or ConA-treated mice by mechanical dissection was not significantly decreased. Hepatic lymphocytes isolated by the mechanical dissection comprised more innate immune cells like NK, NKT and gammadelta cells in normal C57BL/6 mice. After poly (I:C) stimulation, hepatic NK cells rose to about 35%, while NKT cells simultaneously decreased. Following ConA injection, the number of hepatic NKT cells was remarkably reduced to 3.67%. Higher ratio of intracellular IFN-gamma(+) (68%) or TNF-alpha(+) (15%) NK1.1(+) cells from poly (I:C)-treated mice was obtained using mechanical dissection method than control mice. There was no difference in viability between the mechanical dissection and the enzymatic digestion, and hepatic lymphocytes obtained with the two methods had similar cytotoxicity against YAC-1 cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no difference in the cell yield and viability of the hepatic lymphocyte isolated with the two methods. The mechanical dissection, but not the enzymatic digestion, may be suitable for the phenotypic analysis of hepatic NK1.1(+) cell.
authors.affiliation: Institution of Immunology, University of Science and Technology of China, 443 Huangshan Road, Hefei 230027, Anhui Province, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-Jun
authors.initials: ZJ
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Hai-Ming
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zhi-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D000950:Antigens, Ly; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D017364:Collagenases / Q000494:pharmacology; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I / Q000494:pharmacology; D004210:Dissection; D005260:Female; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D055651:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D000950:Antigens, Ly; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D015415:Biomarkers; C527211:Klrb1c protein, mouse; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D055651:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B; D011506:Proteins; D003850:Deoxyribonuclease I; D017364:Collagenases