title: Early-enhancing nonneoplastic lesions on gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of the liver following partial hepatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the frequency, imaging findings, and significance of early-enhancing nonneoplastic (EN) lesions with gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the liver following partial hepatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed MR images after partial hepatectomy in 30 patients. Postoperative MRI was performed in 1-12 months (mean, 3.7 months) after partial hepatectomy. We defined the EN lesion as a lesion that was ill defined; irregular, wedge shaped, or serpiginous; located along the liver edge; not visible on unenhanced MR images; did not appear hypointense on portal venous- or equilibrium-phase images; or a combination of those imaging findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 39 EN lesions (size range, 5-60 mm; mean, 25.2 mm) in 19 patients and 17 recurrent tumors (size range, 5-50 mm; mean, 16.8 mm) in 10 patients newly appeared after partial hepatectomy. The EN lesions were diagnosed as pseudolesions by the second postoperative follow-up MRI in 17 patients or contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) in two. A total of 13 EN lesions (33%) were located along the liver edge and 20 (51%) were adjacent to the resected area. The shape was circular in 11 (28%), oval in three (8%), irregular in 11 (28%), wedge shaped in five (13%), and serpiginous in nine (23%). No EN lesion showed hypointensity on gadolinium-enhanced portal venous-phase or equilibrium-phase images. A total of 14 EN lesions (36%) showed slight hyperintensity on T2-weighted images. The confidence levels for malignancy probability assigned by blinded radiologists were lower with EN lesions than with recurrent tumors (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EN lesions are frequently seen in MRI following partial hepatectomy, and occasionally are slightly hyperintense on T2-weighted images, mimicking malignant tumors. However, most EN lesions can be correctly diagnosed with MRI findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goshima
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanematsu
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuo
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Ryujiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moriyama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000601:surgery*; D003287:Contrast Media; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA