title: Individual and organizational well-being of female physicians--an assessment of three different management programs.
abstract: Abstract Management programs have become a popular method to develop future leaders. There is, however, a lack of controlled studies assessing the long-term effects of such programs on participants' career development, organizational influence, and mental and physical well-being. The aim of this prospective, controlled study was to assess the possible impact from 3 different structured management development programs on the individual and organizational well-being of female physicians. One year after the end of the 1-year intervention program, the intervention group reported statistically significant improvements in ratings of organizational influence, management feed back, perception of the organizational leadership, contact with one's immediate supervisor, and personal skills development as compared with the reference group. There were no statistically significant differences, however, between the groups with regard to individual health and well-being or career development. These results give rise to many questions, both concerning the effects of these 3 management programs and the career possibilities for female physicians.
authors.affiliation: Uppsala University, Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Unit for Social Medicine, and Centre for Environmental Health and Stress Research (CEOS), Uppsala, Sweden. pia.vultee@pubcare.uu.se
authors.forename: Pia Jansson
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: von Vultée
authors.forename: Runo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Axelsson
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arnetz
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D002322:Career Mobility; D003142:Communication; D004517:Education, Professional / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007857:Leadership; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010822:Physicians, Women / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011361:Professional Competence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013192:Staff Development / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health