title: Safety profiles of Fe2+ and Fe3+ oral preparations in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia in children.
abstract: The major purpose of this study was to compare the oxidant-related toxicities of the different oral iron preparations in children with iron deficiency anemia (IDA); the second aim was to investigate the side effects of iron preparations. Seventy-two children with IDA were randomly included in the Fe(2+) group (n = 39) or the Fe(3+) group (n = 33). Some oxidizable substrates (erythrocytes malondialdehyde (MDA), urine 8-isoprostane, and basal and Cu-stimulated-oxidized LDL and antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and glutathione peroxidase) activities were evaluated at the beginning and at the 1st, 3rd, and 6th months of therapy. Side effects due to medication were recorded. While at the end of the 1st month SOD levels were significantly increased in Fe(3+) group, at the 6th month evaluation, basal-oxidized LDL levels were significantly increased in the Fe(3+) group, as was urine 8-isoprostane in the Fe(2+) group. No other difference was found between two groups. In conclusion, there were minimal differences between children treated with ferric or ferrous iron in antioxidant system activities, the status of oxidizable substrates, and clinical toxicities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Hematology, Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Kaan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kavakli
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Bilin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cetinkaya
authors.forename: Can
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balkan
authors.forename: Eser Yildirim
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Sözmen
authors.forename: Ferhan Girgin
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Sağin
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005998:Glycine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D006454:Hemoglobins; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007501:Iron; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C030676:ferroglycine sulfate; D005998:Glycine; C013276:teferrol