title: Antibiotic resistance in the topical treatment of acne vulgaris.
abstract: Topical antimicrobial agents are the first line of treatment in mild to moderate acne vulgaris. The primary pathogenic agent implicated in the development of inflammatory acne is Propionibacterium acnes. P acnes also may play a secondary role in noninflammatory acne or comedogenesis. Over the past 20 years, concern has grown about the gradual worldwide increase in the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant P acnes strains. Factors associated with the development of resistant P acnes following treatment with topical antibiotics, clinical relevance of antibiotic resistance, and strategies to reduce the incidence of P acnes resistance are discussed in this review.
authors.affiliation: Skin Study Center, Broomall, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Leyden
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001585:Benzoyl Peroxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D011425:Propionibacterium acnes / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002981:Clindamycin; D001585:Benzoyl Peroxide