title: Tetanus antibody assay combining in-house ELISA and particle agglutination test and its serosurvey application in a province in Turkey.
abstract: In order to determine a practically useful quantitative assay method for tetanus antibody in a large-scale seroepidemiological study, a method combining an in-house ELISA with a particle agglutination test (KPA) was evaluated in comparison with the in vivo mouse neutralization test. Serum samples with mouse neutralization antibody titers 0.01 IU/ml (the minimum protective level) or below showed considerable overestimation of antitoxin titers up to 1.0 IU/ml when studied by in-house ELISA alone. On the other hand, the KPA values were highly correlated with the mouse test, even in cases of titers equal to 0.01 IU/ml or below. The combination of these two procedures, in which in-house ELISA values of 1.0 IU/ml or below were replaced by KPA values, provided a high correlation in antibody titers with the mouse test (r = 0.968). We applied this combined method to a tetanus seroepidemiological survey in a province in Turkey. The survey included 347 subjects from the healthy population, and the quantitative analyses showed high antibody levels in children and young adults and significantly low levels among adults aged 40 or over. A characteristic distribution of antibody titers in each age group was also demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Communicable Diseases Research Department, Refik Saydam National Hygiene Center, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
authors.forename: Nilay
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Coplu
authors.forename: Berrin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Esen
authors.forename: Aysegul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gozalan
authors.forename: Kikuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyamura
authors.forename: Iwao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Demet
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kurtoglu
authors.forename: Nuvide Ozturk
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Dogan
authors.forename: Gokhan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Afacan
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: Setsuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Motohide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000372:Agglutination Tests / Q000379:methods*; D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003017:Clostridium tetani / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests / Q000379:methods; D012423:Rural Health; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013742:Tetanus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid