title: Validation and patient acceptance of a computer touch screen version of the WOMAC 3.1 osteoarthritis index.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate the WOMAC 3.1 in a touch screen computer format, which applies each question as a cartoon in writing and in speech (QUALITOUCH method), and to assess patient acceptance of the computer touch screen version.
  
  
  METHODS
  The paper and computer formats of WOMAC 3.1 were applied in random order to 53 subjects with hip or knee osteoarthritis. The mean age of the subjects was 64 years (range 45 to 83), 60% were male, 53% were 65 years or older, and 53% used computers at home or at work. Agreement between formats was assessed by intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs). Preferences were assessed with a supplementary questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ICCs between formats were 0.92 (95% confidence interval, 0.87 to 0.96) for pain; 0.94 (0.90 to 0.97) for stiffness, and 0.96 (0.94 to 0.98) for function. ICCs were similar in men and women, in subjects with or without previous computer experience, and in subjects below or above age 65. The computer format was found easier to use by 26% of the subjects, the paper format by 8%, and 66% were undecided. Overall, 53% of subjects preferred the computer format, while 9% preferred the paper format, and 38% were undecided.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The computer format of the WOMAC 3.1 is a reliable assessment tool. Agreement between computer and paper formats was independent of computer experience, age, or sex. Thus the computer format may help improve patient follow up by meeting patients' preferences and providing immediate results.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Immunology and Allergy, Robert B Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. heikeabischoff@aol.com
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Bischoff-Ferrari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vondechend
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bellamy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Theiler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001292:Attitude to Computers; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014584:User-Computer Interface