title: Acute puerperal uterine inversion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency, causes, clinical presentations, management and maternal mortality associated with acute puerperal inversion of the uterus.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional analytical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre (JPMC), Karachi, over eight years period from 1st January 1995 to 31st December 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  All the patients who developed acute puerperal inversion of the uterus either in or outside the JPMC were included in the study. Patients of chronic uterine inversion were not included in the present study. Abdominal and vaginal examination was done to confirm and classify inversion into first, second or third degrees.
  
  
  RESULTS
  57036 deliveries and 36 acute uterine inversions occurred during the study period, so the frequency of uterine inversion was 1 in 1584 deliveries. Mismanagement of third stage of labour was responsible for uterine inversion in 75% of patients. Majority of the patients presented with shock, either hypovolemic (69%) or neurogenic (13%) in origin. Manual replacement of the uterus under general anaesthesia with 2% halothane was successfully done in 35 patients (97.5%). Abdominal hysterectomy was done in only one patient. There were three maternal deaths due to inversion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Proper education and training regarding placental delivery, diagnosis and management of uterine inversion must be imparted to the maternity care providers especially to traditional birth attendants and family physicians to prevent this potentially life-threatening condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, JPMC, Karachi.
authors.forename: Munawar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Tahira
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jabeen
authors.forename: Nagina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liaquat
authors.forename: Khurshid
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noorani
authors.forename: Shireen Zulfiqar
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Bhutta
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007749:Labor Stage, Third; D011247:Pregnancy; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D019687:Uterine Inversion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy