title: Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication after failure of Enteryx injection into the lower esophageal sphincter.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We investigated the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of laparoscopic antireflux surgery (LARS) after failure of Enteryx injection in the lower esophageal sphincter for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Four patients underwent LARS after failure of Enteryx injection. Particular care was taken during the procedure to identify unusual material or fibrosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All patients underwent LARS successfully. In three patients, tight adhesions with fibrous tissues and black foreign material were observed around the esophagus. No complications occurred during the procedures. The postoperative period was uneventful and functional results were excellent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LARS following Enteryx injection is feasible. Careful dissection is mandatory to avoid operative complications. Both techniques may be considered as options for treating GERD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Surgery, Erasme Hospital, 808 Route de Lennik, 1070, Brussels, Belgium. ielnakad@ulb.ac.be
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: El Nakadi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Closset
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Moor
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coppens
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zalcman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Devière
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gelin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D018662:Fundoplication / Q000379:methods*; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011145:Polyvinyls / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D011145:Polyvinyls; C020320:ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer