title: Significance of interactions between Escherichia coli and respiratory pathogens in layer hen flocks suffering from colibacillosis-associated mortality.
abstract: This study aimed to examine the significance of interactions between Escherichia coli and various respiratory pathogens during outbreaks of colibacillosis-associated mortality in layer hen flocks under field conditions. For this purpose, a case-control study involving 20 control flocks with baseline mortality and 20 flocks with increased mortality due to E. coli septicaemia and polyserositis, was conducted. In each colibacillosis flock, blood samples were taken from 20 hens at the onset of clinical disease and three times thereafter at 2-week intervals. Control flocks of comparable ages were sampled in the same way. Pooled sera, taken at the first and last sampling, were examined for antibody titres against infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) and Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and the individual sera from all four samplings were examined for the presence and/or titres of antibodies against avian pneumovirus (APV), Mycoplasma gallisepticum, Mycoplasma synoviae and Ornithobacterium rhinotracheale. Titre increases were seen for IBV D274 (one control flock) and O. rhinotracheale (one control and one colibacillosis flock). An increase in per cent reactors was seen for APV (one control flock), and for M. synoviae (one control and two colibacillosis flocks). The study failed to detect any consistent interactions between E. coli and the aforementioned pathogens. These results indicate that, at least as observed in this study, outbreaks of increased mortality resulting from colibacillosis are not necessarily associated with IBV, NDV, APV, M. gallisepticum, M. synoviae or O. rhinotracheale infections.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Veterinary and Agrochemical Research Centre, 2800 Mechelen, Belgium. dovan@var.fgov.be
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vandekerchove
authors.forename: P De
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Herdt
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Laevens
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Butaye
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meulemans
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pasmans
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001530:Belgium; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002645:Chickens; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D001351:Infectious bronchitis virus / Q000502:physiology; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000502:physiology; D009174:Mycoplasma / Q000502:physiology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000502:physiology; D045246:Ornithobacterium / Q000502:physiology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000821:virology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral