title: Moxonidine and rilmenidine injected into the medial septal area reduces the salivation induced by pilocarpine.
abstract: We determined the effects of moxonidine and rilmenidine 20 nmol (alpha(2)-adrenergic and imidazoline receptor agonists) injected into the medial septal area (MSA) on the pilocarpine-induced salivation, when injected intraperitoneally (i.p.), of male Holtzman rats weighing 250-300 g, with stainless-steel cannula implanted into the MSA. The rats were anesthetized with zoletil 50 mg kg(-1) b.wt. (tiletamine chloridrate 125.0 mg and zolazepan chloridrate 125.0 mg) into quadriceps muscle intramuscularly (IM), saliva was collected using pre-weighed small cotton balls inserted in the animal's mouth. The pre-treatment with moxonidine injected into the MSA reduced the salivation induced by pilocarpine (1 mg kg(-1)) injected i.p. (12+/-3 mg min(-1)) vs. control (99+/-9 mg min(-1)). The pre-treatment with rilmenidine 40 nmol also reduced the salivation induce by pilocarpine injected i.p. (20+/-5 mg min(-1)) vs. control (94+/-7 mg min(-1)). Idazoxan 40 nmol (imidazoline receptor antagonist) injected into the MSA previous to moxonidine and rilmenidine partially blocked the effect of moxonidine and totally blocked the rilmenidine effect in pilocarpine-induced salivation injected i.p. (60+/-8 and 95+/-10 mg min(-1), respectively). Yohimbine 40 nmol (alpha(2)-adrenergic receptor antagonist) injected into the MSA previously to moxonidine and rilmenidine partially blocked the moxonidine effect but produced no change on the rilmenidine effect on i.p. pilocarpine-induced salivation (70+/-6 and 24+/-6 mg min(-1), respectively). Injection of these alpha(2)-adrenergic and imidazoline agonists and antagonists agents i.p. produced no change on i.p. pilocarpine-induced salivation. These results show that central, but not peripheral, injection of alpha(2)-adrenergic and imidazoline agonists' agents inhibit pilocarpine-induced salivation. Idazoxan, an imidazoline receptor antagonist, totally inhibits the rilmenidine effect and partially inhibits the moxonidine effect on pilocarpine-induced salivation. Yohimbine produced no change on rilmenidine effect but partially inhibited the moxonidine effect. Both of these antagonists when injected into the MSA previous to pilocarpine i.p. potentiated the sialogogue effect of pilocarpine. The results suggest that alpha(2)-adrenergic/imidazoline receptor of the MSA when stimulated blocked pilocarpine-induced salivation in rats when injected intraperitonially. These receptors of the medial septal area have an inhibitory mechanism on salivary secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Odontology, University of Taubaté UNITAU, Taubaté SP, Brazil. Saad@foar.unesp.br
authors.forename: Wilson Abrão
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Luis Antonio
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: de Arruda Camargo
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Simões
authors.forename: William Abrão
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Saad
authors.forename: Renata Saad
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Guarda
authors.forename: Ismael Francisco Mota Siqueira
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Guarda
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D004347:Drug Interactions; D019329:Idazoxan / Q000494:pharmacology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000633:toxicity; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000077769:Rilmenidine; D012472:Salivation / Q000187:drug effects*; D020665:Septum of Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D015016:Yohimbine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D007093:Imidazoles; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D010080:Oxazoles; D010862:Pilocarpine; D015016:Yohimbine; C043482:moxonidine; D000077769:Rilmenidine; D019329:Idazoxan