title: Extrapulmonary small-cell carcinoma: a single-institution experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Extrapulmonary small-cell carcinoma (EPSCC) has been recognized as a clinicopathological entity distinct from small-cell carcinoma (SCC) of the lung. This study aimed to review the clinical features, therapy and natural course of patients with EPSCC in Oriental single-institution series.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with SCC between September 1995 and December 2002. Study eligibility required that patients had pathologically proven SCC in sites other than lung and normal radiological findings of the chest and normal sputum cytology or negative bronchoscopic findings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-four patients with EPSCC were identified and primary sites were various: uterine cervix in seven (29%), urinary bladder in five, colon or rectum in three, kidney in two and stomach, esophagus, pancreas, common bile duct, larynx, parotid gland, thymus in one each. Sixteen patients (66.7%) had limited disease (LD) and eight had extensive disease (ED). Patients with ED received mostly platinum-based chemotherapy, for which the response rate was 57%, but showed an aggressive natural history, with median overall survival (OS) of 9.2 months. Patients with LD were treated with a variety of therapeutic modalities. LD SCC of the cervix showed a favorable clinical course, with five patients being disease-free with a median follow-up of 28.4 months. Patients with LD SCC of sites other than cervix had an aggressive course with a median OS of 9.6 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EPSCC was identified in various sites, with the most common primary site being the uterine cervix. Regardless of the primary site or disease stage, EPSCC of sites other than cervix was usually a fatal disease with a discouraging outcome for various treatment modalities.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jung Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Se-Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jinny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ho Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soon Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun Mi
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Joon-Oh
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kihyun
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chul Won
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Young-Hyuck
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Won Ki
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Mark H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Keunchil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology