title: Moderate hypothermia for 359 operations to clip cerebral aneurysms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Experimental data have suggested that hypothermia (32-34 degrees C) may improve outcome after cerebral ischaemia, but its efficacy has not yet been established conclusively in humans. In this study we examined the feasibility and safety of deliberate moderate perioperative hypothermia during operations for subarachnoid aneurysms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 359 operations for intracranial cerebral aneurysms were included in this prospective study. By using cold intravenous infusions (4 degrees C) and convective cooling our aim was to reduce the patient's core temperature to more than 34 degrees C within 1 h before operation. The protocol assessed postoperative complications such as infections, prolonged mechanical ventilation, pulmonary complications and coagulopathies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During surgery, the body temperature was reduced to a mean of 32.5 (SD 0.4) degrees C. Cooling was accomplished at a rate of 4.0 (SD 0.4) degrees C h(-1). All patients were normothermic at 5 (sd 2) h postoperatively. Peri/postoperative complications included circulatory instability (n=36, 10%), arrhythmias (n=17, 5%) coagulation abnormalities and blood transfusion (n=169, 47%), infections (n=29, 8%) and pulmonary complications (infiltrate or oedema while on ventilatory support) (n=97, 27%). Eighteen patients died within 30 days (5%). There was no significant correlation between the extent of hypothermia and any of the complications. However, there was a strong correlation between the occurrence of complications and the severity of the underlying neurological disease as assessed by the Hunt and Hess score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Moderate hypothermia accomplished within 1 h of induction of anaesthesia and maintained during surgery for subarachnoid aneurysms appears to be a safe method as far as the risks of peri/postoperative complications such as circulatory instability, coagulation abnormalities and infections are concerned.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Hospital, S-581 85 Linköping, Sweden. Peter.Kimme@lio.se
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kimme
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fridrikssen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Engdahl
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hillman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vegfors
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sjöberg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D001831:Body Temperature; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000601:surgery*; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome