title: Meeting requirements of the California cholinesterase monitoring program.
abstract: California (CA) has a long-standing formal blood cholinesterase (ChE) monitoring program for mixers, loaders, and applicators of pesticides. When the authors found commercial clinical kits were not optimal for assaying blood ChEs, CA regulations were revised to specify use of the Ellman ChE assay or to demonstrate a conversion factor with a correlation (r(2)) of 0.9 or better. The authors were enlisted to work with the clinical laboratories. Only two of seven participating laboratories generated an acceptable correlation for red blood cells (RBCs), whereas four of five laboratories had an acceptable correlation for plasma ChE. Subsequently, the CA Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) restated the need to meet this requirement and the authors worked with several of the clinical laboratories using a bovine ghost RBC ChE as a reference. Unfortunately, only 3 of 10 laboratories had acceptable correlations. Next, the authors provided all interested laboratories with human blood and plasma samples to perform the comparison study outlined in the regulation (Section 6728f). Fourteen laboratories participated; 9 met the ChE criteria for whole blood, 14 for plasma, and 6 for RBCs. Based on such data, on July 8, 2003, DPR notified the CA Agricultural Commissioners that nine of the participating laboratories were approved for ChE testing. Later work resulted in acceptable RBC values for two of the laboratories and their approval. The authors continue to work with laboratories interested in being on the approved list. The current list may be seen at www.cdpr.ca.gov/docs/whs/lablist.htm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science and Environmental Toxicology, University of California-Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA 95616, USA. bwwilson@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Barry W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Arrieta
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: O'Malley
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000097:blood; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase / Q000097:blood; D002140:California; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood*; D004796:Clinical Enzyme Tests / Q000592:standards*; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques / Q000592:standards*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D007753:Laboratories / Q000592:standards*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D010575:Pesticides / Q000633:toxicity; D012015:Reference Standards
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D002091:Butyrylcholinesterase; D002802:Cholinesterases