title: [Epidemiologic surveillance for bacterial meningitis in 140 000 children under 5 years of age in Nanning district, Guangxi province].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the incidence, epidemiologic features, etiologic agents and sequelae of bacterial meningitis in children under 5 years of age in Nanning, Guangxi.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based surveillance was conducted to evaluate children with signs and symptoms of meningitis. All hospitals, township health centers and village clinics in the surveillance area were structured to participate in the case referral and evaluation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood specimens were obtained and processed using standardized microbiologic methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 26-month surveillance period, among the children under 5 years old, a total of 1272 cases who met the screening criteria of meningitis were studied. 265 of 1272 cases were identified as clinically diagnosed meningitis, with an incidence rate of 86.36 per 100 000 population. The annual incidence rate under the 38 cases of confirmed bacterial meningitis appeared to be 12.38/100 000. Staphylococcus species accounted for the largest proportion of laboratory-confirmed bacterial meningitis, followed by E. coli and S. pneumoniae. The highest attack rate occurred in neonates < 1 month, followed by children aged 1 - 12 months in the confirmed patients. Meningitis caused by Sp and Hi mainly occurred in children aged 1 - 12 months. All cases of meningitis due to Hi and Sp were children aged 1 - 24 months. 13.16% and 0.00% of the cases survived with complications and sequelae, and the case-fatality rate was 18.42%. 40 bacterial isolates were identified from 1193 blood cultures and 23 from 1211 cerebrospinal fluid samples, but no Neisseria meningitidis was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Meningitis due to Hi was first confirmed in Guangxi with the incidence of 0.98 per 100 000 population. The annual incidence rate of confirmed bacterial meningitis was 12.38 per 100 000, which was considered an important public health problem in children. Staphylococci was the predominant pathogen in confirmed bacterial meningitis.
authors.affiliation: Guangxi Autonomous Region Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Nanning 530021, China. dbq666@163.net
authors.forename: Bai-qing
authors.initials: BQ
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Zhen-zhu
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Cui-yun
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dong-mei
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Da-bin
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: He-zhuang
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Xian-zhi
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: Jin-song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Xing-hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wei-wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Kilgore
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: Zhi-yi
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Clemens
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016920:Meningitis, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D020814:Meningitis, Escherichia coli / Q000453:epidemiology; D008583:Meningitis, Haemophilus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*