title: Long-term memory requires polyADP-ribosylation.
abstract: PolyADP-ribose-polymerase 1 is activated in neurons that mediate several forms of long-term memory in Aplysia. Because polyADP-ribosylation of nuclear proteins is a response to DNA damage in virtually all eukaryotic cells, it is surprising that activation of the polymerase occurs during learning and is required for long-term memory. We suggest that fast and transient decondensation of chromatin structure by polyADP-ribosylation enables the transcription needed to form long-term memory without strand breaks in DNA.
authors.affiliation: Neufeld Cardiac Research Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 69978, Israel. marmon@post.tau.ac.il
authors.forename: Malka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cohen-Armon
authors.forename: Leonid
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Visochek
authors.forename: Ayelet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katzoff
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levitan
authors.forename: Abraham J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Susswein
authors.forename: Rodika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valbrun
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001048:Aplysia / Q000502:physiology*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D003216:Conditioning, Operant; D004249:DNA Damage; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D007526:Isoelectric Point; D007858:Learning; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism*; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006657:Histones; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D012701:Serotonin; C025160:3-aminobenzamide; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases