title: Metabolomic differentiation of Cannabis sativa cultivars using 1H NMR spectroscopy and principal component analysis.
abstract: The metabolomic analysis of 12 Cannabis sativa cultivars was carried out by 1H NMR spectroscopy and multivariate analysis techniques. Principal component analysis (PCA) of the 1H NMR spectra showed a clear discrimination between those samples by principal component 1 (PC1) and principal component 3 (PC3) in cannabinoid fraction. The loading plot of PC value obtained from all 1)H NMR signals shows that Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) are important metabolites to differentiate the cultivars from each other. The discrimination of the cultivars could also be obtained from a water extract containing carbohydrates and amino acids. The level of sucrose, glucose, asparagine, and glutamic acid are found to be major discriminating metabolites of these cultivars. This method allows an efficient differentiation between cannabis cultivars without any prepurification steps.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Young Hae
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hye Kyong
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Arno
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hazekamp
authors.forename: Cornelis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Erkelens
authors.forename: Alfons W M
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Lefeber
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verpoorte
mesh_terms: D001216:Asparagine / Q000032:analysis; D002186:Cannabinoids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002188:Cannabis / Q000737:chemistry*; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D035264:Flowers / Q000737:chemistry; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009426:Netherlands; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D013395:Sucrose / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002186:Cannabinoids; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D013395:Sucrose; D001216:Asparagine; D013759:Dronabinol; C025351:delta(9)-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid; C006884:cannabidiolic acid; D005947:Glucose