title: Effects of isoflurane-induced and prostaglandin E(1)-induced hypotension on cytokine responses to oral and maxillofacial surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of induced hypotension with isoflurane or prostaglandin E(1) (PGE(1)) on cytokine responses to surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  24 ASA physical status I and II patients undergoing elective oral and maxillofacial surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly allocated to three groups be anesthetized in the normotension (Control group), isoflurane-induced hypotension (Isoflurane-H group), and PGE(1)-induced hypotension (PGE(1)-H group). Mean arterial pressure during hypotension was maintained at approximately 80% of baseline values.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood samples were taken before induction of anesthesia and during and after hypotension. Plasma tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. There were no differences in TNF-alpha or IL-10 levels among the groups. However, the elevation of the plasma IL-6 level in the PGE(1)-H group was found during hypotension, compared with the control group (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PGE(1)-induced hypotension has an effect on IL-6 response to oral and maxillofacial surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Anesthesiology, Okayama University Hospital, Okayama, Japan. miyawaki@md.okayama-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyawaki
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kohjitani
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimada
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007023:Hypotension, Controlled / Q000379:methods*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D016753:Interleukin-10; D007530:Isoflurane; D000527:Alprostadil