title: Detection of alcohol misuse using a routine test panel: the early detection of alcohol consumption (EDAC) test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study describes the derivation and validation of the early detection of alcohol consumption (EDAC) test, which uses linear discriminant function (LDF) analysis for the identification of alcohol misuse. This form of LDF aims to predict a categorical dependent variable (alcohol misuse) on the basis of several independent, predictor variables (routine laboratory tests).
  
  
  METHODS
  EDAC was developed to classify individuals as heavy or light drinkers using a database of 1599 subjects recruited from 25 sites in the USA. The predictor variables for the LDF were 36 routine chemistry and haematology analytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The EDAC model produced 80.7% sensitivity and 84.4% specificity, with an overall correct classification rate of 82.5%. Using a stepwise method, 20 of the 36 routine tests used in the LDF were selected as the optimal predictor variables. The top three variables with the highest contribution in the stepwise EDAC model were: bilirubin ratio (direct to total), aspartate aminotransferase and albumin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that LDF analysis in conjunction with new, user-friendly computer packages is a practical and cost-effective laboratory tool for detecting excessive drinking using blood constituents ordered routinely in a variety of clinical settings. Diagnostic performance can be adjusted to achieve higher specificity rates.
authors.affiliation: Alcohol Detection Services, W236 S7050 Big Bend Drive, Big Bend, WI 53103, USA. edac@execpc.com
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harasymiw
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seaberg
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bean
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000097:blood*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers