title: Protein tyrosine phosphatases in T cell physiology.
abstract: The molecular mechanisms of signal transduction have been the focus of intense research during the last decade. In T cells, much of the work has centered on protein tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling from the TCR and cytokine receptors, while the study of protein tyrosine phosphatases has lagged behind. Nevertheless, it has now become clear that many protein tyrosine phosphatases play equally important roles in T cell physiology and that no kinase-regulated system would work without the counterbalancing participation of phosphatases. In fact, we have learned that many processes are regulated primarily on the phosphatase side. This minireview summarizes the current state-of-the art in our understanding of the regulation and biology of protein tyrosine phosphatases in T lymphocyte physiology.
authors.affiliation: Program of Signal Transduction, Cancer Research Center, The Burnham Institute, 10901 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. tmustelin@burnham-inst.org
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mustelin
authors.forename: Andres
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: Nunzio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bottini
authors.forename: Huong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.forename: Souad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahmouni
authors.forename: Konstantina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nika
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Louis-dit-Sully
authors.forename: Lutz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tautz
authors.forename: Summanuna H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Togo
authors.forename: Shane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bruckner
authors.forename: Armando V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Mena-Duran
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: al-Khouri
mesh_terms: D054640:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019061:src-Family Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C517025:DUSP3 protein, human; D054640:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 3; D017493:Leukocyte Common Antigens; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases