title: Mechanism of fulminant pulmonary edema caused by enterovirus 71.
abstract: Pulmonary edema (PE) may occur with enterovirus 71 (EV71) infection. We monitored arterial pressure (AP) and heart rate (HR) in patients with EV71 infection and analyzed the variability of AP and HR. Sympathetic activity, AP, and HR increased with respiratory stress. Thereafter, parasympathetic activity increased with decreases in AP and HR. The lungs showed edema with inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression. Destruction of the medial, ventral, and caudal medulla may lead to sympathetic overactivation, causing blood to shift to the lungs. The pathogenesis of PE may also involve iNOS and nitric oxide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Medicine, Shin Kong Wu Ho-Su Memorial Hospital, School of Respiratory Therapy, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Shang Jyh
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kao
authors.forename: Fwu Lin
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yung Hsiang
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Hsing I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D020805:Central Nervous System Viral Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000821:virology*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II