Noncosmetic uses of botulinum toxin.
In conclusion, botulinum toxin usage over the past 2 to 3 decades has expanded exponentially. Almost every discipline in medicine has found some therapeutic use for this toxin. Botulinum toxin has been shown to be safe, effective, and relatively easy to administer with proper training.
Zalvan
Craig
C
Department of Otolaryngology, New York Medical College, 1055 Saw Mill River Road, Ardsley, NY 10502, USA.
Bentsianov
Boris
B
Gonzalez-Yanes
Omar
O
Blitzer
Andrew
A
D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy
D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A