title: Perlecan and syndecan-4 in uterine tissues during the early pregnancy in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  During early pregnancy in mice, there is recruitment of specific immune cells, remodeling of the endometrium, cell differentiation and synthesis of new molecules.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the distribution of perlecan and syndecan-4 in the uteri before and after embryo implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During pre-implantation, perlecan was identified in basement membranes and extracellular spaces of the endometrial stroma. In contrast, expression of syndecan-4 was quite weak. In the peri-implantation period, perlecan remained in the basement membranes, and it was no longer observed in the stroma and it was identified in the embryonic cells. On day 4 of pregnancy, syndecan-4 increased in the fibroblasts of the subepithelial stroma. After implantation, syndecan-4 was pronounced in pre-decidual and mature decidual cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The coordinate balance between the pre- and post-implantation periods suggests a role of these two molecules in the adaptive modification of the uterine microenvironment to receive and implant the embryo.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Biologia da Reproducao e da Matriz Extracelular, Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, Instituto de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: San Martin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soto-Suazo
authors.forename: T M T
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Zorn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D010064:Embryo Implantation; D005260:Female; D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D011247:Pregnancy; D011270:Pregnancy, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D053671:Syndecan-4; D013997:Time Factors; D014599:Uterus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019812:Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; C508306:Sdc4 protein, mouse; D053671:Syndecan-4; C071927:perlecan