title: Histopathologic evaluation of tissue extracted on the radiofrequency probe after ablation of liver tumors: preliminary findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to evaluate the histologic characteristics of tissue extracted on the probe immediately after radiofrequency ablation of malignant tumors in the liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  From April to December 2001, 20 radiofrequency ablations were performed in 19 patients with primary (n = 17) and metastatic (n = 2) liver masses. Track ablation according to device protocol was performed after each ablation. Tissue was adherent to the probe after all radiofrequency probe passes. All pieces of tissue found on the probe were collected and preserved in formalin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tissue was examined by the study pathologist. In eight (40%) of 20 specimens, coagulation necrosis was present. In five (25%) of 20 specimens, possibly nonviable tissue was extracted, although some cell characteristics were identified. In seven (35%) of 20 specimens with hepatocellular carcinoma, possibly viable tissue was found. Five specimens were identified as hepatocellular carcinoma, and two, as cirrhotic nodules.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Histopathologic evaluation of the tissue extracted on the radiofrequency probe after ablation is feasible. This study showed that coagulation necrosis was clearly present in at least 40% of the patients, which proves that nonviable tissue can be seen immediately after ablation. Whether this pathologic finding has prognostic value is not known.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Newark, Newark, NJ, USA. constant@pol.net
authors.forename: Constantinos T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Sofocleous
authors.forename: Kenneth M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Basil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hubbi
authors.forename: Karen T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Stanley H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kannarkat
authors.forename: Clay R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Hinrichs
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Contractor
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bahramipour
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged