title: Attitudes and managing alcohol problems in general practice: an interaction analysis based on findings from a WHO collaborative study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if GPs' attitudes towards working with drinkers moderated the impact that training and support had on screening and brief intervention activity in routine practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were 340 GPs from four countries who were part of a World Health Organization randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effectiveness of training and support in increasing screening and brief alcohol intervention. GPs' self-reported attitudes towards working with drinkers were measured with the Shortened Alcohol and Alcohol Problems Perception Questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Whereas training and support increased GPs' screening and brief intervention rates, it did so only for practitioners who already felt secure and committed in working with drinkers. Training and support did not improve attitudes towards working with drinkers and, moreover, worsened the attitudes of those who were already insecure and uncommitted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To enhance the involvement of GPs in the management of alcohol problems, interventions that increase both actual experience and address practitioners' attitudes is required. Such support could take the form of on-site support agents and facilitators.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Quality of Care Research, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, 229 WOK, PO Box 9101, 6500 HB, The Netherlands. pdanderson@compuserve.com
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaner
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wutzke
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Funk
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Heather
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wensing
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grol
authors.forename: Antoni
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gual
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pas
mesh_terms: D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014944:World Health Organization