Monitoring of stress responses.
New developments in the RNA analysis techniques now enable a comprehensive view on the bacterial physiology under bioprocess conditions. The DNA-chip technology allows a genome wide transcriptional profiling of bacterial cells, whose genome sequence is available. Although the analyses of microbial bioprocesses have still been somewhat limited to date, this technique has already been successfully applied in different laboratories for the investigation of stress responses of selected industrially relevant bacterial hosts. Transcriptome analyses in combination with high resolution two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) and mass spectrometry have been extensively applied for the description of general and specific stress and starvation responses of Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. The consideration of bacterial stress and starvation responses is of crucial importance for the successful establishment of an industrial large scale bioprocess. Stress genes can be used as marker genes in order to monitor the fitness of industrial bacterial hosts during fermentation processes. This chapter gives an overview of current RNA analysis techniques. The bacterial stress and starvation responses, which are of potential importance for industrial microbial bioprocesses are summarised.
Schweder
Thomas
T
Institut für Mikrobiologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität, Jahnstrasse 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany. Schweder@uni-greifswald.de
Hecker
Michael
M
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000502:physiology*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology*; D024861:Genetic Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D018869:Heat-Shock Response / Q000502:physiology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D015202:Protein Engineering / Q000379:methods; D013045:Species Specificity
D001426:Bacterial Proteins