title: Expression of cyclooxygenase-2 and nitric oxide synthase 2 in swine ulcerative colitis caused by Salmonella typhimurium.
abstract: Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase 2 (NOS2) were detected and localized in 20 pigs with ulcerative colitis caused by natural infection with Salmonella typhimurium. Evidence of NOS2 activity was determined by the formation of nitrotyrosine, a reaction product of peroxynitrite, in NOS2-expressing ulcerative colons by immunohistochemistry. Transcript RNA of COX-2 and NOS2 was consistently detected in colonic tissues from the 20 pigs with ulcerative colitis by using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Immunohistochemical signals for COX-2 and NOS2 were detected in the ulcerated area of all 20 pigs. Expression of COX-2 and NOS2 was identified continuously within inflammatory intestinal lesions but was minimal in unaffected regions of the colon of S. typhimurium-infected pigs. The immunohistochemistry of serial sections of intestine indicated that the majority of colons containing numerous COX-2-positive cells also had numerous NOS2-positive cells. Localization of NOS2 and a nitrotyrosine antigen was prominent in neutrophils and macrophages in the periphery of the lesions. Simultaneous detection of COX-2 and NOS2 RNA and protein indicated functional activity of prostaglandin and NO production in vivo. This study suggested that COX-2 and NOS2 expression may play a role in the pathophysiologic processes in ulcerative colitis caused by S. typhimurium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Kwanak-Gu, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: W-S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011453:Prostaglandins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000201:enzymology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000382:microbiology; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D011453:Prostaglandins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases