title: Long-term effect of prefrontal lobotomy on verbal fluency in patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the long-term effects of bilateral prefrontal leukotomy on lexical abilities in schizophrenia subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  we compared performances of leukotomized (LSP), non-leukotomized schizophrenia patients (NLSP) and normal controls, using a test of verbal fluency. Multiple case and triple comparison design were implemented. i.e., the performance of each LSP was compared to that of NLSP and that of a normal control. The sample consisted of four LSP, four NLSP, and four normal subjects. Subjects were matched in sex, age, handedness, and schooling. In Addition, schizophrenia groups were matched in diagnosis and years of hospitalization. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of generated words and errors produced by subjects were carried out.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A deficiency in both groups of schizophrenia was observed, although a better performance in LSP patients was detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intact Lexical ability in LSP indicates its poor relation to the frontal lobe.
authors.affiliation: Fernand Seguin Research Center, Louis-H Lafontaine Hospital, University of Montreal, Montréal, Canada. emmanuel.stip@umontreal.ca
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stip
authors.forename: Marie-Josée
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bigras
authors.forename: Adham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mancini-Marïe
authors.forename: Marie-Eve
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cosset
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: André-Roch
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Lecours
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007807:Language Tests; D008297:Male; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D011612:Psychosurgery; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D014825:Vocabulary