title: Interleukin-1beta stimulates IL-8 expression through MAP kinase and ROS signaling in human gastric carcinoma cells.
abstract: Recent studies have suggested that the expression of interleukin-8 (IL-8) directly correlates with the vascularity of human gastric carcinomas. In this study, the effect of IL-1beta on IL-8 expression in human gastric cancer TMK-1 cells and the underlying signal transduction pathways were investigated. IL-1beta induced the IL-8 expression in a time- and concentration-dependent manner. IL-1beta induced the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases-1/2 and P38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), but not the activation of c-jun amino-terminal kinse and Akt. Specific inhibitors of MEK-1 (PD980590) and P38 MAPK (SB203580) were found to suppress the IL-8 expression and the IL-8 promoter activity. Expression of vectors encoding a mutated-type MEK-1 and P38 MAPK resulted in decrease in the IL-8 promoter activity. IL-1beta also induced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) prevented the IL-1beta-induced ROS production and IL-8 expression. In addition, exogenous H2O2 could induce the IL-8 expression. Deletional and site-directed mutagenesis studies on the IL-8 promoter revealed that activator protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB sites were required for the IL-1beta-induced IL-8 transcription. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay confirmed that IL-1beta increased the DNA-binding activity of AP-1 and NF-kappaB. Inhibitor (PD980590, SB203580) and ROS scavenger (NAC) studies revealed that the upstream signalings for the transcription factors AP-1 and NF-kappaB were MAPK and ROS, respectively. Conditioned media from the TMK-1 cells pretreated with IL-1beta could remarkably stimulate the in vitro growth of HUVEC and this effect was partially abrogated by IL-8-neutralizing antibodies. The above results suggest that MAPK-AP-1 and ROS-NF-kappaB signaling pathways are involved in the IL-1beta-induced IL-8 expression and that these paracrine signaling pathways induce endothelial cell proliferation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Chonnam University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, 5 Hakdong, Kwangju, 501-190, Korea.
authors.forename: Young S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Jung S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Mi H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dae B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Boo A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Naofumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mukaida
authors.forename: Lee M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: Hyeong R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bong W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Young D
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Jung
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases