title: FTY720 prolongs clear corneal allograft survival with a differential effect on different lymphocyte populations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  FTY720 is a potent immunomodulator with unique effects on lymphocyte homing and has recently proved to be safe and effective in renal transplantation in man. The authors investigated the potency of FTY720 in inhibiting allograft rejection in the rat model of orthotopic allogeneic penetrating keratoplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Penetrating keratoplasties were performed using Fisher rats as donors and Lewis rats as recipients or donors: group 1 (n = 10), allogeneic control; group 2 (n = 10), Lewis/Lewis syngeneic control; group 3 (n = 9), mycophenolate mofetile (MMF) 40 mg/kg; group 4 (n = 10), FTY720 1.2 mg/kg; group 5 (n = 8), FTY720 0.3 mg/kg. Four animals from each group were sacrificed for immunohistological evaluation on day 14. Medication in the therapy groups was given for 18 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (SD) rejection free graft survival time was 11.3 (0.8) days for the allogeneic control (group 1), 24.6 (2.5) days for group 3 (MMF), 44.5 (5.7) days for group 4 (FTY720 1.2 mg/kg), and 35.3 (5.7) days for group 5 (FTY720 0.3 mg/kg) (p<0.05). The allogeneic control showed a dense infiltration with CD4+, CD8+, CD161+ (NK-cells), CD25+ (IL2 receptor), and macrophages. In the therapy groups the density of infiltrating CD4+, CD8+, CD161+ (NK-cells), and CD25+ (IL2 receptor) cells was notably reduced compared with the allogeneic control (p<0.05). In group 5 however, the reduction of infiltration by CD4+ cells was higher than the reduction of infiltration by CD8+ (p<0.05) and CD161+ (NK) cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral immunosuppression with FTY720 significantly prolongs corneal allograft survival in this transplant model. The results suggest that FTY720 has a different effect on certain lymphocyte populations. CD4+ cells seem to be more affected than CD8+ cells and NK-cells.
authors.affiliation: Eye Hospital, Heinrich-Heine University, Moorenstr 5, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany. Klaus.mayer@uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Birnbaum
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reinhard
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Braunstein
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Claas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sundmacher
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D016039:Corneal Transplantation; D005260:Female; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011409:Propylene Glycols / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011409:Propylene Glycols; D000068876:Fingolimod Hydrochloride; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D013110:Sphingosine