Olanzapine for injection: new formulation. No advantage in agitated patients.
(1) The intramuscular neuroleptic of choice for the treatment of agitated schizophrenic patients and patients with acute mania is haloperidol, at a dose of 5 mg. Olanzapine is now marketed in France for hospital use in both these indications. (2) In two comparative trials in patients with schizophrenia, olanzapine 10 mg was shown to be no better than haloperidol 7.5 mg (a high dose). Control of agitation was satisfactory in three-quarters of patients after a single injection of either neuroleptic. (3) Olanzapine has not been compared with other neuroleptics in the treatment of acute mania. In one trial, olanzapine acted faster than lorazepam for injection (used at a rather low dose). (4) In one trial, patients given olanzapine had a lower incidence of acute dystonia and extrapyramidal symptoms (about 1%) than patients given haloperidol (about 6-7%), but the haloperidol dose (7.5 mg) was higher than recommended in the SPC (5 mg). The incidence of postural hypotension was significantly higher among patients given olanzapine (about 12%) compared with haloperidol (about 3%). (5) In practice, haloperidol remains the intramuscular neuroleptic of choice for the treatment of agitated patients with schizophrenia or acute mania.
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005602:France; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D014635:Valproic Acid; D006220:Haloperidol