Genome evolution in yeasts.
Identifying the mechanisms of eukaryotic genome evolution by comparative genomics is often complicated by the multiplicity of events that have taken place throughout the history of individual lineages, leaving only distorted and superimposed traces in the genome of each living organism. The hemiascomycete yeasts, with their compact genomes, similar lifestyle and distinct sexual and physiological properties, provide a unique opportunity to explore such mechanisms. We present here the complete, assembled genome sequences of four yeast species, selected to represent a broad evolutionary range within a single eukaryotic phylum, that after analysis proved to be molecularly as diverse as the entire phylum of chordates. A total of approximately 24,200 novel genes were identified, the translation products of which were classified together with Saccharomyces cerevisiae proteins into about 4,700 families, forming the basis for interspecific comparisons. Analysis of chromosome maps and genome redundancies reveal that the different yeast lineages have evolved through a marked interplay between several distinct molecular mechanisms, including tandem gene repeat formation, segmental duplication, a massive genome duplication and extensive gene loss.
Dujon
Bernard
B
Unité de Génétique Moléculaire des Levures, URA 2171 CNRS and UFR 927 Université Pierre et Marie Curie. bdujon@pasteur.fr
Sherman
David
D
Fischer
Gilles
G
Durrens
Pascal
P
Casaregola
Serge
S
Lafontaine
Ingrid
I
De Montigny
Jacky
J
Marck
Christian
C
Neuvéglise
Cécile
C
Talla
Emmanuel
E
Goffard
Nicolas
N
Frangeul
Lionel
L
Aigle
Michel
M
Anthouard
Véronique
V
Babour
Anna
A
Barbe
Valérie
V
Barnay
Stéphanie
S
Blanchin
Sylvie
S
Beckerich
Jean-Marie
JM
Beyne
Emmanuelle
E
Bleykasten
Claudine
C
Boisramé
Anita
A
Boyer
Jeanne
J
Cattolico
Laurence
L
Confanioleri
Fabrice
F
De Daruvar
Antoine
A
Despons
Laurence
L
Fabre
Emmanuelle
E
Fairhead
Cécile
C
Ferry-Dumazet
Hélène
H
Groppi
Alexis
A
Hantraye
Florence
F
Hennequin
Christophe
C
Jauniaux
Nicolas
N
Joyet
Philippe
P
Kachouri
Rym
R
Kerrest
Alix
A
Koszul
Romain
R
Lemaire
Marc
M
Lesur
Isabelle
I
Ma
Laurence
L
Muller
Héloïse
H
Nicaud
Jean-Marc
JM
Nikolski
Macha
M
Oztas
Sophie
S
Ozier-Kalogeropoulos
Odile
O
Pellenz
Stefan
S
Potier
Serge
S
Richard
Guy-Franck
GF
Straub
Marie-Laure
ML
Suleau
Audrey
A
Swennen
Dominique
D
Tekaia
Fredj
F
Wésolowski-Louvel
Micheline
M
Westhof
Eric
E
Wirth
Bénédicte
B
Zeniou-Meyer
Maria
M
Zivanovic
Ivan
I
Bolotin-Fukuhara
Monique
M
Thierry
Agnès
A
Bouchier
Christiane
C
Caudron
Bernard
B
Scarpelli
Claude
C
Gaillardin
Claude
C
Weissenbach
Jean
J
Wincker
Patrick
P
Souciet
Jean-Luc
JL
D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D017124:Conserved Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020440:Gene Duplication; D005800:Genes, Fungal / Q000235:genetics*; D016681:Genome, Fungal; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D026801:Synteny / Q000235:genetics; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics; D015003:Yeasts / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*
D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D012343:RNA, Transfer