title: Pharmacokinetics of S-3-(4-acetylamino-phenoxy)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-(4-nitro- 3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionamide in rats, a non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator.
abstract: 1: S-3-(4-acetylamino-phenoxy)-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-N-(4-nitro-3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-propionamide (also known as S-4) is a non-steroidal selective androgen receptor modulator demonstrating tissue-selective androgenic and anabolic effects. The purpose of the present study was to examine the systemic pharmacokinetics, elimination and oral bioavailability of S-4 in rats. 2: Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing approximately 250 g were randomly assigned to one of seven treatment groups. Intravenous doses of 0.5, 1, 10, and 30 mg kg(-1) were given via a jugular catheter. Oral doses of 1, 10 and 30 mg kg(-1) were administered via gavage. Plasma concentrations were determined using a validated high-performance liquid chromatography or by a high-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method. 3: Clearances ranged between 1.0 and 2.1 ml min(-1) kg(-1) and varied with dose. The volume of distribution was approximately 0.448 l kg(-1) in all treatment groups. Oral bioavailability was also dose dependent, with the lower doses showing complete oral bioavailability. The half-life of S-4 over the dose range tested was between 2.6 and 5.3 h. 4: It was demonstrated that S-4 is rapidly absorbed, slowly cleared, and has a moderate volume of distribution in rats. The pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of S-4 indicate that it is an excellent candidate for clinical development.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kearbey
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Dalton
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000627:Aminophenols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000728:Androgens; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D045165:Testosterone Congeners / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000627:Aminophenols; D000728:Androgens; D045165:Testosterone Congeners; C492992:andarine