Effects of dexamethasone application in growing pigs on hormones, N-retention and other metabolic parameters.
Many single effects of glucocorticoids are known but complex metabolic reactions in pigs in response to a glucocorticoid challenge were not reported. Seven pigs (mean weight 69 kg) with indwelling catheters were kept in metabolic crates. After a 7-day control period they were fed for 9 days with 0.4 mg dexamethasone (dex) per kg body weight daily, followed by another 9-day post-treatment period. Hormones and metabolic parameters were continuously determined in urine or blood plasma. Treatment significantly changed all parameters except non-esterified fatty acids. Cortisol decreased from 84.5 to 4.9 nmol/l, insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) from 17.5 to 10.8 nmol/l and aldosterone from 0.36 to 0.13 nmol/l. The N-retention decreased from 1.07 to 0.53 g/kg(0.75) and hydroxyproline from 2.97 to 1.05 mmol/day. An increase was found for urine volume (5.2 versus 13.6 l/day), urea-N (0.90 versus 1.43 g/kg(0.75)), allantoin (6.40 versus 8.75 mmol/day), glucose (3.9 versus 4.34 mmol/l) and insulin (6.21 versus 11.16 mU/l). In the post-treatment period IGF-I revealed a compensatory pattern (control period versus post-treatment period: 17.5 versus 22.9 nmol/l) whereas the other parameters were not significantly elevated. Data suggest that dex increased N-excretion both by inhibiting mitosis and resynthesis of proteins partly via a reduced collagen synthesis. Increased allantoin concentrations additionally pointed to increased apoptosis.
Lopes
S O
SO
Institut für Tierhaltung und Tierzüchtung, Universität Hohenheim, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
Claus
R
R
Lacorn
M
M
Wagner
A
A
Mosenthin
R
R
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000652:urine; D013552:Swine / Q000097:blood*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D003907:Dexamethasone; D009584:Nitrogen; D006854:Hydrocortisone