title: Hypochlorite scavenging activity of flavonoids.
abstract: Scavengers of hypochlorite, a highly reactive oxidant produced by activated phagocytes, could have potential therapeutic effects in diseases in which this oxidant plays a pathogenic role. Flavonoids are polyphenolic substances present in food plants and have been extensively studied for their antioxidant properties against various free radicals. Less is known about their reactivity with hypochlorite. In this study, the hypochlorite scavenging activity of flavonoids was investigated using a microplate assay recently developed in our laboratory. This method evaluates the ability of a substance to inhibit the formation of chloramines in human serum albumin upon oxidation by hypochlorite. Thirteen flavonoids were tested. Most of them inhibited human serum albumin oxidation at micro-molar concentrations and appeared more active than Trolox, a water-soluble equivalent of vitamin E. It was observed that the greater the number of hydroxyl substitutions, the greater the scavenging activity. The 3-hydroxy substitution seemed to be particularly important for scavenging activity, whereas the presence of a 2,3-double bond in the C ring did not. Flavonoids were found to be good hypochlorite scavengers in-vitro and further information is provided about the chemical aspects important for scavenging activity. Thus, flavonoids could have beneficial effects in diseases such as atherosclerosis in which hypochlorite plays a pathogenic role.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Farmacologiadelle Sostanze Naturali e Fisiologia Generale, Universitá di Roma "La Sapienza", P. le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Omidreza
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Firuzi
authors.forename: Premysl
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mladenka
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Petrucci
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marrosu
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saso
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002700:Chloramines / Q000097:blood; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002700:Chloramines; D005419:Flavonoids; D012709:Serum Albumin; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid