title: Angiogenesis in rabbit hepatic tumor after transcatheter arterial embolization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) on angiogenesis of hepatic tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into two groups of 10 each and VX2 carcinoma was implanted in the left medial lobes of the livers. Fourteen days later, a silicon catheter was inserted into the left hepatic artery of rabbit with VX2 hepatic tumor and infusion was performed via the hepatic artery using Lipiodol (the TAE group) or saline (the control group). Rabbits were sacrificed 7 d after treatment and tumor tissues were excised. Expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein and microvessel density (MVD) of tumors were examined using immunohistochemistry. The staining intensity of VEGF was evaluated with a computer-assisted image-analyzer. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to detect the VEGF mRNA expression of tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MVD was higher in the TAE group compared with the control group (28.6+/-10.6 vs 16.3+/-6.9, P<0.01). Expression of VEGF protein was enhanced after TAE. The staining intensity of VEGF in the TAE group was 0.162+/-0.018, significantly higher than in the control group (0.142+/-0.01, P<0.01). At mRNA level, VEGF165 mRNA was significantly higher in the TAE group compared with the control group (2.58+/-0.42 vs 1.99+/-0.21, P<0.001). MVD was well correlated to VEGF expression in both the TAE group (r=0.69, P<0.05) and the control group (r=0.72, P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TAE promotes the development of neovascularization of residual tumors through up-regulation of VEGF expression, possibly due to hypoxic insult.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China. liaoxiaofeng66@163.com
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Ji-Lin
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Xing-Rui
authors.initials: XR
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Zhi-Fang
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Geng
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008833:Microcirculation; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000628:therapy*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A