title: Overexpression of ADAM9 in non-small cell lung cancer correlates with brain metastasis.
abstract: The "a disintegrin and metalloprotease" (ADAM) family contributes to regulation of the cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that are critical determinants of malignancy. To determine the relationship between metastasis and ADAM proteins, we compared the mRNA levels of ADAM9, -10, -12, -15, and -17 in sublines of an EBC-1 lung cancer cell line that were highly metastatic to either brain or bone. ADAM9 mRNA levels were significantly higher in highly brain-metastatic sublines than in the parent or highly bone-metastatic sublines. To elucidate the role of ADAM9 in brain metastasis, we stably transfected A549 and EBC-1 cells with a full-length ADAM9 expression vector. Compared with mock-transfectants, ADAM9 overexpression resulted in increased invasive capacity in response to nerve growth factor, increased adhesion to brain tissue, and increased expression of integrin alpha 3 and beta 1 subunits. Administration of the anti-beta 1 monoclonal antibody attenuated this increase in invasive and adhesive activity. Intravenous administration of ADAM9-overexpressing A549 cells to mice resulted in micrometastatic foci in the brain and multiple metastatic colonies in the lungs. In contrast, administration of parent and mock-transfected A549 cells to mice resulted in lung tumors without brain metastasis. These results suggest that ADAM9 overexpression enhances cell adhesion and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer cells via modulation of other adhesion molecules and changes in sensitivity to growth factors, thereby promoting metastatic capacity to the brain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pathology, School of Allied Health Science, Osaka University Faculty of Medicine, Suita, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shintani
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Higashiyama
authors.forename: Mitsunori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Hirohisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: Sakae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimasu
authors.forename: Hikaru
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Nariaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuura
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary*; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D019483:Disintegrins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D019483:Disintegrins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D051722:ADAM Proteins; C098339:ADAM9 protein, human; C498316:Adam9 protein, mouse; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases