title: Depression, partnership, social support, and parenting: interaction of maternal factors with behavioral problems of the child.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children of depressed mothers are at elevated risk to develop behavioral problems. Besides maternal depression, other risk factors like interpersonal functioning, are discussed. The object of this study was to investigate the predictive value of the maternal variables depression, partnership, social support, and parenting for internal and external behavioral problems of the children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 100 mothers and their children who participated in a German mother-child rehabilitation program were interviewed by questionnaire. Structural equation modeling was conducted in order to determine the predictive value of the mentioned maternal variables on behavioral problems of the children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Behavioral problems of the children can be predicted by the parenting and the partnership of the mothers. Mothers with more parenting difficulties and with less containment with partnership report more behavioral problems of their children. Depression and social support do indirectly predict the child's problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data is from a cross-sectional sample. Therefore, path models do not demonstrate causation. All information is based upon maternal report.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest the need for intervention programs which focus on the parenting and the partnership of the mothers. More research with independent assessment is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Psychology, University of Freiburg, 79085 Freiburg, Germany. herwig@psychologie.uni-freiburg.de
authors.forename: Judith E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Herwig
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wirtz
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bengel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009034:Mother-Child Relations; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D016487:Parenting; D012307:Risk Factors; D012944:Social Support