title: The effects of intraarticularly injected sodium hyaluronate on levels of intact aggrecan and nitric oxide in the joint fluid of patients with knee osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intraarticular injections of sodium hyaluronate (Na-HA) appear effective in reducing subjective symptoms of osteoarthritis (OA) and may also have protective effects on the cartilage matrix. The present study analyzed the suppressive effects of Na-HA on the release and degradation of aggrecan and on levels of nitric oxide (NO) in the joint fluid of patients with knee OA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen OA patients with knee joint effusion were treated by 5 weekly intraarticular injections of Na-HA. Prior to each Na-HA injection, joint fluid was collected to determine the levels of chondroitin 4-sulfate (C4S) and chondroitin 6-sulfate (C6S), intact aggrecan and NO.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One week after the final injection, the joint fluid levels of C4S, C6S, and NO were significantly decreased. In contrast, the joint fluid level of intact aggrecan was stable during the series of Na-HA injections. A trend was seen for a positive correlation (P < 0.1) between the clinical score and C4S or C6S joint fluid levels, and for a negative correlation between the joint fluid levels of intact aggrecan and C4S or C6S. No significant correlations were observed between joint fluid levels of NO, the clinical score, and levels of C4S, C6S, and intact aggrecan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this study suggest that intraarticularly injected Na-HA is able to improve the clinical symptoms of OA partially based on its ability to reduce the release and degradation of aggrecan and/or to enhance the synthesis of aggrecan in the joint tissues of the patients with knee OA. While Na-HA also reduces the NO level in the joint fluid of patients with knee OA, this effect may be independent from the other effects of Na-HA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Inoue Memorial Hospital, Chiba, Japan. kohei@vt.ms246.net
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuzaka
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyauchi
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Hideshige
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moriya
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000368:Aged; D053674:Aggrecans; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000032:analysis; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D011489:Protein Denaturation; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000032:analysis*; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D053674:Aggrecans; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D011509:Proteoglycans; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates