title: Cutting edge: Physiologic attenuation of proinflammatory transcription by the Gs protein-coupled A2A adenosine receptor in vivo.
abstract: The A2A adenosine receptor plays a critical role in the physiologic immunosuppressive pathway that protects normal tissues from excessive collateral damage by overactive immune cells and their proinflammatory cytokines. In this study, we examine and clarify the mechanism of tissue protection by extracellular adenosine using A2AR-deficient mice and show that the A2AR inhibits TLR-induced transcription of proinflammatory cytokines in vivo. The observed increase in proinflammatory cytokines mRNA in A2AR-deficient mice was associated with enhanced activity of the NF-kappaB transcription factor. These observations provide the genetic in vivo evidence for attenuation of proinflammatory transcriptional activity of NF-kappaB by a "metabokine" adenosine and point to the need to re-evaluate the regulation of other transcription factors in hypoxic and adenosine-rich microenvironments of inflamed normal tissues and solid tumors.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Building 10, Room 11N 256, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Dmitriy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lukashev
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Sergey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Apasov
authors.forename: Jiang-Fan
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Michail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sitkovsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs / Q000502:physiology*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A / Q000502:physiology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000502:physiology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D043705:Receptor, Adenosine A2A; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D004247:DNA; D019205:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gs