title: Dimeric anthocyanins from strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) consisting of pelargonidin 3-glucoside covalently linked to four flavan-3-ols.
abstract: Flavanol-anthocyanin complexes were isolated by successive use of Amberlite XAD-7 chromatography, Sephadex LH-20 gel filtration and preparative HPLC from acidified, methanolic extract of strawberries (Fragaria ananassa Dutch.). These purple minor pigments were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, 1D and 2D NMR techniques, and electrospray mass spectrometry to be catechin(4alpha --> 8)pelargonidin 3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (1), epicatechin(4alpha --> 8)pelargonidin 3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (2), afzelechin(4alpha --> 8)pelargonidin 3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (3) and epiafzelechin(4alpha --> 8)pelargonidin 3-O-beta-glucopyranoside (4). The stereochemistry at the 3- and 4-positions of the flavan-3-ol units was based on assumption of R-configuration at C-2. Each of the four pigments occurred in the NMR solvent as a pair of rotamers. Proved by cross-peaks in the 1H-1H NOESY NMR spectra of 1, 2 and 4, the two conformations within each rotameric pair were in equilibrium with each other. Even though 1 and 2 are based on a different aglycone, their structures may be similar to tentatively identified pigments, which have been assumed to contribute to the colour of red wines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Bergen, Allégt. 41, N-5007 Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Torgils
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fossen
authors.forename: Saleh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rayyan
authors.forename: Øyvind M
authors.initials: ØM
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000737:chemistry*; D019281:Dimerization; D031985:Fragaria / Q000737:chemistry*; D005960:Glucosides / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D005960:Glucosides; C078485:pelargonidin-3-glucoside