title: [Metabolic syndrome as a cardiovascular risk factor in patients with type 2 diabetes].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the cardiovascular risk associated with the presence of metabolic syndrome in patients with type 2 diabetes. Patients and method. Prospective cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes. The baseline presence of components of metabolic syndrome as defined by the World Health Organization was determined. The main dependent variable was a combination of coronary events (onset angina, fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction) and cerebrovascular events (transient ischemic attack, fatal or nonfatal stroke and lower limb amputation). Secondary end points were coronary events and stroke. We calculated the predictive power of the presence of metabolic syndrome and of different numbers of its component features.
  
  
  RESULTS
  318 patients were included. Mean duration of follow-up was 4.6 years (SD 1.5 years). The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 77.0%. The rates of cardiovascular events, coronary events and stroke, expressed per 1000 patient-years, were 14.0, 5.6, and 8.4 respectively in patients without metabolic syndrome, and 33.3, 20.7, and 11.7 respectively in patients with metabolic syndrome (P=.058 cardiovascular events; P=.05 coronary events). In the multivariate analysis, the simultaneous presence of all four metabolic syndrome components significantly increased the global cardiovascular disease risk (RR=5.0; 95% CI, 1.6-15.9; P=.006) and the risk of coronary heart disease (RR=7.4; 95% CI, 1.3-41.1; P=.02), but not the risk of stroke.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The simultaneous presence of all four metabolic syndrome components is associated with an increase in the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Medicina Interna, Hospital Comarcal de Alcañiz, Teruel, Spain. mjpnosti@eresmas.com
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gimeno Orna
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Lou Arnal
authors.forename: Edmundo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molinero Herguedas
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Boned Julián
authors.forename: Desirée P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Portilla Córdoba
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors