title: Cochlear implant failure: is an auditory brainstem implant the answer?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the auditory rehabilitative results achieved in five patients with cochlear implants (CIs) who subsequently received, due to poor results, auditory brainstem implants (ABIs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 1997 and March 2003, 37 patients (age range 14 months to 70 years) were fitted with ABIs in our ENT Department. Fourteen subjects had neurofibromatosis type 2 and 23 were non-tumor patients who had cochlea or cochlear nerve disease. Five subjects had previously been treated with a CI and received an ABI owing to the poor results achieved. One child had bilateral undiagnosed cochlear nerve aplasia and one was suffering from auditory neuropathy; three adults had total cochlear ossification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The open-set sentence recognition score (auditory-only mode) 6-8 months after ABI activation ranged from 0% to 100% in adults. In 1 subject the speech-tracking score was 56 words/min with the ABI. The two children who had achieved no hearing ability with their CI were able to detect sounds and words as early as 3 months after activation of the ABI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CI failure as a result of anatomical abnormalities can be remedied by an ABI.
authors.affiliation: ENT Department, University of Verona, Policlinico G. B. Rossi, Verona, Italy. entdept@libero.it
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Colletti
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carner
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Miorelli
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guida
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Colletti
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fiorino
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D038263:Auditory Brain Stem Implantation; D038262:Auditory Brain Stem Implants; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015834:Cochlear Diseases / Q000150:complications; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D009464:Neuroma, Acoustic / Q000150:complications; D013067:Speech Perception; D017211:Treatment Failure