Dental and oral lesions in HIV infected patients: a study in Brazil.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of dental and oral lesions, as well as treatment need, in a group of HIV sero-positive Brazilians. In addition, to test the association between oral manifestation of HIV infection and age, sex, mode of transmission and drug therapy.


METHODS
All HIV seropositive patients attending a dedicated dental clinic in Recife were invited to participate in the study. They were all examined by one trained and calibrated examiner and interviewed by one trained interviewer.


RESULTS
161 of 204 patients (78.9%) agreed to participate in this study. Most of the participants were male (76%), had acquired HIV sexually (74.5%), and were taking some form of antiretroviral therapy (70.8%). 33.5% had one or more oral manifestation of HIV. Candidiasis was the most common (28.6%), followed by hairy leukoplakia (9.3%), Kaposi sarcoma (2.5%), ulceration (2.5%), herpes simplex (1.2%), papiloma (0.6%), and 4.4% had periodontal disease. Only 1.2% reported xerostomia. There were no differences in the prevalence of oral manifestations of HIV infection between age groups, sexes, modes of transmission and types of drug therapy (P>0.05). The mean DMF-T score was 19 (SD 8) and 78.9% needed some form of dental treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
While the prevalence of oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS was low in this sample of HIV seropositive Brazilians, dental status was poor and need for dental treatment was high.
Pinheiro
A
A
Centre for Oral Biometrics, Barts and The London, QMUL, Turner Street, London, E1 2AD, UK.
Marcenes
W
W
Zakrzewska
J M
JM
Robinson
P G
PG
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000150:complications; D004245:DMF Index; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000635:transmission; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D017733:Leukoplakia, Hairy / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D020380:Needs Assessment; D019226:Oral Ulcer / Q000150:complications; D010212:Papilloma / Q000150:complications; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000150:complications; D012737:Sex Factors; D013283:Stomatitis, Herpetic / Q000150:complications; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000150:complications*
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents