title: Family-focused preventive interventions: evaluating parental risk moderation of substance use trajectories.
abstract: Four years of longitudinal data from 373 families participating in a randomized intervention-control clinical trial were used to examine whether intervention effects on adolescent alcohol and tobacco use trajectories were moderated by family risk, as defined by parental social emotional maladjustment. Consistent with earlier outcome evaluations based on analyses of covariance, analyses confirmed that both the Preparing for the Drug Free Years program and the Iowa Strengthening Families Program favorably influenced alcohol use index trajectories across the time frame of the study; only the latter program, however, evidenced positive effects on a tobacco use index. Concerning the primary research question, analyses provided no support for family risk moderation of any intervention effect. Findings indicate the feasibility of developing universal preventive interventions that offer comparable benefits to all families.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Social and Behavioral Research, Iowa State University, Ames, 50010-8296, USA. guyll@iastate.edu
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guyll
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Spoth
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: K A S
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Wickrama
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Russell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007484:Iowa; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D016487:Parenting / Q000523:psychology*; D010290:Parents / Q000193:education* / Q000523:psychology; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012574:Schools; D012647:Self-Assessment; D000074606:Smoking Prevention