title: Sialoscopy--initial experiences with a new endoscope.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  After the introduction of mini-endoscopes for the diagnosis of swelling of the major salivary glands there has been further development of materials and techniques. A new highly flexible semirigid sialoendoscope with high quality imaging (6000 pixels), an outside diameter of 1.1 mm, a working channel of 0.4 mm, and a separate channel for irrigation has been developed and we examined its clinical value.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used the endoscope in 22 patients for diagnosis and treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sialoendoscopy was achieved after dilatation of the papilla in all cases. The image (both in contrast and resolution) was excellent. We found sialolithiasis in 13, stenosis in 3, and sialodochitis in 3. Through the working channel we were able to insert instruments with success in seven cases with pathological findings. One patient developed a complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Waldstr. 1, D-91054 Erlangen, Germany. johannes.zenk@hno.imed.uni-erlangen.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zenk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bozzato
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019723:Endoscopes / Q000592:standards; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000295:instrumentation; D008875:Middle Aged; D018987:Salivary Ducts; D015494:Salivary Gland Calculi / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D012466:Salivary Gland Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D012793:Sialadenitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation / Q000295:instrumentation