title: Dietary lipids containing gangliosides reduce Giardia muris infection in vivo and survival of Giardia lamblia trophozoites in vitro.
abstract: We examined whether a ganglioside supplemented diet affected the course of Giardia muris infection in mice and survival of Giardia lamblia trophozoites in vitro. Female CD-1 mice were fed 1 of 5 experimental diets: standard lab chow as a control diet; semi-synthetic diets containing 20% (w/w) triglyceride based on the fat composition of a conventional infant formula; triglyceride diet; triglyceride diet containing a low level of ganglioside (0.1% w/w); and triglyceride diet containing a high level of ganglioside (1.0% w/w of diet). After 2 weeks of feeding, mice were inoculated with G. muris by gastric intubation and fed the experimental diets during the course of the infection. Cysts released in the faeces and trophozoites present in the small intestine were enumerated at various times post-infection. The average cyst output and the number of trophozoites during the course of the infection in mice fed ganglioside-containing diet were found to be significantly lower (3-log10 reduction) compared to animals fed control diets. The results of in vitro growth studies indicated that gangliosides may be directly toxic to the parasites. Thus, gangliosides have a protective effect against G. muris infection in vivo and affect the survival of G. lamblia trophozoites in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Nutrition and Metabolism Research Group, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belosevic
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Clandinin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000469:parasitology; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D011897:Random Allocation; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005732:Gangliosides; D014280:Triglycerides