title: Effects of melatonin and superoxide dismutase on free radical formation in the postischemic reperfused heart.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Melatonin has been reported to protect against oxygen free radicals. We investigated whether melatonin or superoxide dismutase (SOD) would decrease hydroxyl radical concentration in the postischemic reperfused heart.
  
  
  METHODS
  An isolated rat heart-lung preparation was used. Eighty-one male Wistar rats were allocated into control (no drug), S1 (SOD 400 U.ml(-1)), S2 (SOD 2000 U.ml(-1)), M1 (melatonin 0.1 microg.ml(-1)), M2 (melatonin 1.0 microg.ml(-1)), M3 (melatonin 10 microg.ml(-1)), SM (SOD 400 U.ml(-1) and melatonin 1.0 microg.ml(-1)) groups. The heart was perfused initially at the cardiac output of 30 ml.min(-1) and the mean arterial pressure of 70 mmHg. Drugs were administered into the reservoir 7 min after the start of perfusion. Ten minutes after the start of perfusion, the heart was rendered globally ischemic for 10 min by reducing the preload and afterload to zero and then reperfused for 10 min. At the end of reperfusion, the heart was freeze-dried for 6 days. The perfusate blood was collected just before and after ischemia and at the end of reperfusion. The formation of hydroxyl radicals in perfusate blood and heart was measured with high-performance liquid chromatography using salicylic acid. Hydroxyl radicals react with salicylic acid, yielding 2,3-, 2,4-, 2,5-, and 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHBA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before and after ischemia, there were no significant differences among the groups in cardiac output, systolic pressure, heart rate, and right atrial pressure. The concentrations of DHBAs in the perfusate blood and heart after ischemia and reperfusion in all groups were significantly higher than those before ischemia. DHBAs in the heart of all drug-administered groups were significantly lower than those in the control group. In the perfusate blood, DHBAs in the S2 group were significantly lower than those in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SOD and melatonin decrease hydroxyl radical concentration in the postischemic reperfused heart.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Yamanashi Medical University, 1110 Shimokato, Tamaho-cho, Nakakoma-gun, Yamanashi 409-3821, Japan.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kashimoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kume
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ikeya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumazawa