title: The prevalence and severity of cerebrovascular disease in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The degree of preoperative cerebrovascular disease in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery has not been well studied. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence and severity of cerebrovascular disease in such patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 91 patients who underwent cardiovascular surgery. We investigated the prevalence and severity of cerebral infarction (CI), intracranial artery stenosis (ICAS) of > or =50%, cervical carotid artery stenosis (CCAS) of > or =50%, and periventricular hyperintensity (PVH) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases was: CI, 79 patients (86.8%) [33 had some small infarctions, 38 had multiple small infarctions, eight had broad infarctions greater than 15 mm); ICAS, 17 patients (18.7%)]; CCAS, 30 patients (33.0%) [21 had stenosis of <70%, and nine had stenosis of > or =70% or occlusion]; and PVH, 79 patients (86.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery have a high prevalence of cerebrovascular disease in varying degrees.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery II, Ehime University School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawachi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Imagawa
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsunooka
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugishita
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakoh
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome