Choice of primary anesthetic regimen can influence intensive care unit length of stay after coronary surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass.
BACKGROUND
Volatile anesthetics protect the myocardium during coronary surgery. This study hypothesized that the use of a volatile agent in the anesthetic regimen would be associated with a shorter intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital length of stay (LOS), compared with a total intravenous anesthetic regimen.


METHODS
Elective coronary surgery patients were randomly assigned to receive propofol (n = 80), midazolam (n = 80), sevoflurane (n = 80), or desflurane (n = 80) as part of a remifentanil-based anesthetic regimen. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent variables associated with a prolonged ICU LOS.


RESULTS
Patient characteristics were similar in all groups. ICU and hospital LOS were lower in the sevoflurane and desflurane groups (P < 0.01). The number of patients who needed a prolonged ICU stay (> 48 h) was also significantly lower (propofol: n = 31; midazolam: n = 34; sevoflurane: n = 10; desflurane: n = 15; P < 0.01). Occurrence of atrial fibrillation, a postoperative troponin I concentration greater than 4 ng/ml, and the need for prolonged inotropic support (> 12 h) were identified as the significant risk factors for prolonged ICU LOS. Postoperative troponin I concentrations and need for prolonged inotropic support were lower in the sevoflurane and desflurane group (P < 0.01). Postoperative cardiac function was also better preserved with the volatile anesthetics. The incidence of other postoperative complications was similar in all groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The use of sevoflurane and desflurane resulted in a shorter ICU and hospital LOS. This seemed to be related to a better preservation of early postoperative myocardial function.
De Hert
Stefan G
SG
Department of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Antwerp. stefan.dehert@ua.ac.be
Van der Linden
Philippe J
PJ
Cromheecke
Stefanie
S
Meeus
Roel
R
ten Broecke
Pieter W
PW
De Blier
Ivo G
IG
Stockman
Bernard A
BA
Rodrigus
Inez E
IE
D000368:Aged; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003422:Critical Care; D003625:Data Collection; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood
D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D019210:Troponin I; D003404:Creatinine