Development of a regimen for rapid initiation of perhexiline therapy in acute coronary syndromes.
Perhexiline is a prophylactic anti-anginal agent that ameliorates the metabolic basis for myocardial ischaemia and is increasingly used in the management of acute coronary syndromes. No intravenous preparation is available and usual oral loading regimens require 2-3 days to achieve therapeutic drug levels. Two patients presenting to hospital with single-dose over-dosage of perhexiline (6500 mg and 1000 mg, respectively) provided a basis for examining the safety of large single dosage of perhexiline and associated time-course of drug levels. Neither patient had previously taken perhexiline. Peak plasma perhexiline concentrations occurred within 12 h of ingestion and were 2.58 and 0.50 mg/L, respectively (therapeutic range 0.15-0.60 mg/L). The first patient developed transient nausea and vomiting; the second patient had no adverse effects. Subsequently, a series of 10 patients with acute coronary syndromes received an 800-mg loading dose. Peak concentrations occurred within 12 h postdose; the mean levels achieved were 0.40 +/- 0.16 mg/L (standard error of the mean). No serious adverse effects were seen. Two patients reported transient nausea or vomiting within 24 h of the loading dose. The utility of this rapid loading regimen for incremental suppression of myocardial ischaemia remains to be assessed.
Philpott
A
A
Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
Chandy
S
S
Morris
R
R
Horowitz
J D
JD
D000328:Adult; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D062787:Drug Overdose; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010480:Perhexiline / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood / Q000633:toxicity; D012651:Self Medication
D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D010480:Perhexiline