title: Histologic analysis of alveolar bone following guided bone regeneration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Questions on new bone quality following guided bone regeneration (GBR) with various graft materials and its importance in osseointegration have been raised. This study reports histologic analysis of bone sections from future implant sites at upper and lower jaws that were augmented with bovine porous bone mineral graft material plus a porcine collagen membrane.
  
  
  METHODS
  Due to severe atrophy of the alveolar crest, GBR prior to implant placement was indicated in 11 patients (mean age 45.5 years). Following an average of 7 months of healing, implant placement surgery was performed. Bone sections from implant beds were fixed in formalin, decalcified in sodium citrate and formic acid, and placed in paraffin. Sections 5 to 7 microm thick were prepared, stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and analyzed under light microscopy. Results for 27 implant sites are presented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the lower jaw, segments from the upper jaw had a lower percentage of bone and higher percentage of residual material and vascularization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limits of this study, we concluded that osteogenesis is completed and the rate of vascularization and osteoclastic activity was reduced by 7 months. Also, the upper jaw significantly differed from the lower jaw in bone formation, vascularization, and the amount of residual material. Thus, the anatomical location of the defect may be as important as the properties of the graft material used in obtaining successful osteogenesis using guided bone regeneration techniques.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Implantology, School of Dentistry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ersanli
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Olgac
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leblebicioglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000637:transplantation; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002417:Cattle; D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C106416:Bio-Gide; C077540:Bio-Oss; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D008903:Minerals; D003094:Collagen