title: Vasoconstrictively acting AT1R A1166C and NOS3 4/5 polymorphisms in recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inadequate uteroplacental perfusion is one of the main reasons for recurrent spontaneous abortions (RSA). Coagulation, fibrinolysis, and vasoconstriction affect tissue perfusion. These systems are regulated by different gene products. Polymorphisms can modulate the expression levels of the respective genes and can thereby affect perfusion. Vasoconstriction is influenced by the expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and of the angiotensinogen II type 1 receptor (AT1R).
  
  
  METHODS
  The aim of our study was to investigate, whether two polymorphisms in the AT1R and NOS3 genes shown to result in maternal vasoconstriction are associated with an increased risk for RSA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data indicate that the vasoconstrictively acting genotypes AT1R C/C and NOS3 4/4 are of similar prevalence in RSA patients and in controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results do not show any influence of the polymorphisms studied on early pregnancy development. This is in concordance with the concept of an independent regulation of placental perfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology - Grosshadern, Klinikum der Universität München, Germany.
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buchholz
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lohse
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kosian
authors.forename: Christian J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Thaler
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D044139:Receptor, Angiotensin, Type 2; D004247:DNA; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III