title: Performance in long-term memory tasks is augmented by a phosphorylated growth factor receptor fragment.
abstract: To elucidate the role of enhanced phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3-kinase) activity in memory, a synthetic phosphopeptide (TAT-YPMDM) containing the p85 regulatory subunit receptor-binding motif (YXXM) coupled to the cell transduction domain of HIV-TAT protein was employed. This phosphopeptide bound the p85 subunit of PI3-kinase, and was internalized by both granule and pyramidal neurons when injected into the hippocampus. Increased lipid kinase activity and enhanced phosphorylation of the PI3-kinase substrates Akt (protein kinase B) and ribosomal S6 kinase were associated with TAT-YPMDM administration. Bilateral infusion of the phosphopeptide into the dorsal hippocampus after training improved performance in three hippocampus-dependent memory tasks: contextual fear conditioning, trace fear conditioning, and the Morris water maze. Both the biochemical and behavioral effects of the TAT-YPMDM phosphopeptide could be blocked by wortmannin. No effect was observed when a nonphosphorylated peptide (TAT-YMDM), or a second, unrelated phosphopeptide (TAT-YPLDL) was utilized. In addition, infusion of the TAT-YPMDM phosphopeptide did not interfere with memory acquisition or 4 hr memory. In addition, pretesting administration did not affect the ability to recall a previously established long-term memory. These findings suggest that stimulation of PI3-kinase activity by phosphorylated receptor fragments containing the YMDM motif augments long-term memory.
authors.affiliation: The Vivian L. Smith Center for Neurologic Research, Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Texas Medical School, Houston, Texas 77225, USA. p.dash@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Dash
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Mach
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Moody
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D003213:Conditioning, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015696:Gene Products, tat / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D015696:Gene Products, tat; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D017978:Receptors, Growth Factor; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat